Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Acknowledgements …………………………………………………..….. 3
Introduction …………………………………….…………………...………..4
Circuit Breaker…….………………………………………………….9
Disconnectors ……………………………………………………….11
Earthing Switch ……………………………………………………..13
Voltage Transformer ………………………………………………..15
Current Transformer ………………………………………………..17
Cables Compartment ……………………………………………….19
Local Control Cubicles LCC ………………………………………..21
Conclusion …………………………………………………………………31
Reference ………………………………………………………………….32
In 1960 the first gas insulated metal-enclosed switchgear went into service in
the German 110 kV network. Today GIS technology is successfully used for
voltages up to 800 kV. GIS is an attractive alternative to conventional air
insulated substations (AIS) because of the increased availability, reliability and
the reduced life cycle costs. This report discusses the following aspects of SF6
GIS: enclosures; circuit breakers; disconnectors and earthing switches; voltage
and current transformers; connection modules; type testing.
Up to ratings of 170 kV, the three phases of GIS are generally in a common
enclosure at higher voltages the phases are segregated. The encapsulation
consists of non-magnetic and corrosion-resistance cast aluminum or welded
aluminum sheet. After general study and search this report represented the
most aspects of GIS 145 kV Type respect to the Manufacturers Manual and
International Standards.
I would like to express my gratitude to all those who gave me the possibility to
complete this report. I want to thank the Engineering & Design – Extra High
voltage Division for giving me permission to commence this report in the first
instance, and to do the necessary research work and to use departmental data
and for their corporation and friendly assistance.
This was a very nice experience for me to have a training course on the Areva
Factory – GIS 145 kV Yard, and I am sure it will be useful for my future career.
Appreciate the effort of my colleagues from several Departments those attend
with me this course for their commitment and assist to deliver the material of
this course to be useful for all of us. I will not forget to give all my respect to
our instructor Mr. Moisés FORTES - Project Manager of Gas Insulated
Substation-Areva - Araua, Switzerland for his help and kind behave.
I would like to express special thanks to Mr. Abdulaziz Al-Wayel, EHV Division
Manager, not only because he is my manager but because he is helping all
engineers to achieve their successes and I am really appreciating his infinite
support and cooperation for offering me this opportunity to attend this
training course.
The range of application of SF₆ Gas Insulated Switchgear extends from voltage
ratings of 72.5 kV up to 800 kV with breaking currents of up to 63 kA, and in
special cases up to 80 kA. Both small transformer substations and large load-
center substations can be designed with GIS technology.
The distinctive advantages of SF₆ Gas Insulated Switchgear are: compact, low
weight, high reliability, safety against touch contact, low maintenance and long
life. Extensive in-plant preassembly and testing of large units and complete
bays reduces assembly and commissioning time on the construction site.
In GIS all live parts are enclosed in compressed gas system which is divided
into a number of compartments. This division enables the isolation of one
compartment for maintenance or repair purpose while the other
compartments remain pressurized. In figure below the single-line diagram of a
double bus-bar arrangement is shown.
1. Cover
2. Support insulator
3. Barrier insulator
4. Interrupter
5. Cast enclosure
6. Pressure relief devices
7. Fixed contact assembly
8. Bottom plate
AC-Supply
Motor drives, heating, panel lighting, and panel sockets.
DC-Supply
Control and alarm indication
General control functions
Remote & local control, interlocking bypass, and double action
prevention of the mechanisms.
Control of Disconnectors & Earthing switches
ON/OFF control, supervision of operating times and intermediate
positions.
Control of Circuit Breakers
Control of the closing and tripping coils, anti-pumping, interface to
synchronizing devices, interface to protection devices, and supervision
of spring charging time.
Arc Detection System
Interlocking
Interlocking between the high voltage mechanisms on the GIS
Human Machine Interface (HMI)
Mimic equipped with control switches and position indictors.
Alarm indication & Signalization
Alarm unit for alarm indication and signalization.
Supervision of SF-6 Gas Compartments
Supervision of the gas pressure (stage 1, stage 2)
Terminal Interface
1. Remote control
2. Interlocking
3. Metering
4. Measuring
5. protection
Electrical discharges and arcs will decompose SF6 gas. On cooling, a large part
of the decomposed gas recombines. Reactions may. However, also occur with
design material (e.g. with vaporizing arcing contact material). This result in the
formation of gaseous sulphur fluoride and solid metallic fluoride are powder
and in the presence of water or moisture also in the development of
hydrogen-fluoride and sulphur dioxide. Some of these decomposition products
are conspicuous through their unpleasant piercing odour.
Type Test
1. Supply of Casting
1. HV Site Test
The GIS comprising of busbars, control gears (CB, DS/ES), CTs, VTs and other
protective devices (rupturing disc, pressure gauges, etc) enclosed in metallic
enclosure and filled with pressurized SF6 gas.