JIGS AND FIXTURES

Jigs and Fixtures are Production-work holding devices used to manufacture duplicate parts accurately

A Jig is a special device that holds the workpiece but also guides the cutting tool as the operation is performed

A Fixture is a production tool that locates, holds, and supports the work securely so the required machining operations can be performed

Elements of Jigs and Fixtures

! "ocating #lements$ %hese position the workpiece accurately with respect to the tool guiding or setting elements in the fixture! &! 'lamping #lements$ %hese hold the workpiece securely in the located position during operation! (! %ool )uiding and *etting #lements$ %hese aid guiding of the tool in the correct position with respect to workpiece!

Advantages of Jigs and Fixtures

! Productivity

&! +nterchangeability

(! *kill ,eduction

-! 'ost ,eduction

Jigs and Fixture Design Factor

! *tudy of the component! &! *tudy of the type of the capacity of the m.c! (! *tudy the locating elements! -! *tudy of the clamping arrangement! /! *tudy of clearance between 0ig and the component! 1! *tudy of the indexing devices! 2! *tudy of the fool-proofing arrangement! 3! *tudy of the e0ecting devices! 4! *tudy of the swarf removal arrangement! 5!*tudy of rigidity and the vibration problems! !*tudy the safety devices! &!*tudy the methods of manufacture of 0igs and fixture!

Supporting and Locating Principles

7asic ,ules for "ocating ! Positioning the "ocators$ 6henever possible, locators should contact the work on a machined surface! %his permits accurate placement of the part in the tool and ensures the repeatability of the 0ig or fixture!

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&! %olerance$ 6hen designing a tool, the designer must keep the part-tolerance in mind! As a general rule, the tool tolerance should be between &5 and /5 percent of the part tolerance!

3. Fool proofing: Fooling proofing is means by which the tool designer should ensures that the part will fit into the tool only in its correct position!

Locating Methods
! "ocation from Plane surface$

&! "ocation from Profile$

(! "ocation from 'ylinder

,ecess for burr and dirt

Prevention of Jamming

<iamond Pin "ocator

<iamond pins are the two way locating devices, because they only locates in one axis! <iamond locating pins are used in con0unction with a round locating pin! %he round pin holds the workpiece in position to the fixture, and the diamond pin holds the workpiece to keep it from rotating around the round pin!

Restricting Movements
*ix-point "ocation by (-&- :ethod

%hree-pin base restricts six directions of movement

Five-pin base restricts ten directions of movement

six-pin base restricts twelve directions of movement

Clamping and Positioning

%he function of any clamping device is that of applying and maintaining sufficient counteracting holding force to a workpiece to withstand all tooling forces

%ypes of clamp

*trap clamp

*winging clamp

;inge clamp

*pherical washers for equali=ing clamping forces!

Pivoted strap clamp

#dge strap clamp

#dge 0aw clamp

>uick acting screw clamps!

*winging strap clamp

*winging hook clamp

%-*lot clamp

#dge clamp

:ethod of clamping a small crankshaft by use of a sliding clamp and equali=ing pivoting clamp!

>uick acting clamps

;inge clamp

?ice

,ack and pinion

:agnetic work holding devices

@niversal chuck

TYPES OF JI S

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<+A:#%#, J+)

';A99#" J+)

"#AF J+)

P"A%# J+)

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