Design/Evalution of Overhead Lifting Lugs

Page 1

Rule_1 "OK"

=

Rule_1 if a 0.5 d

⋅≥

"OK"

,

"NG"

,

( )

:=

The dimension "a" must be greater than or equal to half the holediameter, d.i.e. a > 1/2 * dFor this example, a = 1.125" and since it is greater than 1/2*d which is0.625". Rule 1 is satisfied.

Rule 1:

There are some geometric guidelines to be considered as recommendedin Reference 1. They will be called Rule 1 and Rule 2.

Geometric Guidelines:

F

y

36 ksi

⋅:=

F

u

58 ksi

⋅:=

e 1.125 in

⋅:=

a 1.125 in

⋅:=

d 1.25 in

⋅:=

ksi 1000lbin in

⋅⋅≡

t 1.25 in

⋅:=

e

 

a

Dia. dthickness, t2”1.75”3.5”1/2”Embedplate

kip 1000 lb

⋅≡

Example of an Overhead Lifting Lug

There is very little published information available on the subject of the design/analysis oflifting lugs. Therefore, design engineers are left without adequate technical guidance onthis subject. The following provides a systematic method.

Introduction

 

by Clement Rajendra, PE Project Engineer, CP&L, Southport, NC 28461 

e-mail: clem.rajendra@pgnmail.com 

Design/Evaluation ofOverhead Lifting Lugs

DISCLAIMER

: The materials contained in this MathCad file are not intended as a representation or

 

warrantyon the part of PDHonline.org or any other person named herein. The materials are for general informationonly. They are not a substitute for competent professional advice. Application of this information to a specificproject should be reviewed by registered professional engineer. Anyone making use of the information setforth herein does so at their own risk and assumes any and all resulting liability arising therefrom.

 

 

Design/Evalution of Overhead Lifting Lugs

Page 2

P

w2

16.875kip

=

P

w2

0.9 F

y

⋅

t

⋅

d

pin

⋅

1.8

:=

d

pin

d 0.50 in

⋅−:=

This failure mode involves bearing failure at the pin/lifting lug interface. Often the pindiameter is much less than the hole diameter. Let us assume a pin diameter 1/2" less thanthe hole diameter. Using a bearing stress of 0.9 F

y

, and a "factor" of 1.8, we have (SeeNote 1):

Failure Mode 2:

P

w1

32.625kip

=

P

w1

P

u

5

:=

A factor of safety of 5 is common for lifting components. Therefore, using afactor of safety of 5, the working load is:

P

u

163.12kip

=

P

u

2 a

⋅

t

⋅

F

u

⋅:=

This failure mode involves tension failure on both sides of the hole. Therefore, the ultimatetensile load is given by:

Failure Mode 1:Evaluation based on Failure Modes:

 

Rule_2 "OK"

=

Rule_2 if e 0.67 d

⋅≥

"OK"

,

"NG"

,

( )

:=

The dimension "e" must be greater than or equal to 0.67 times the holediameter, d.Thus, e > 0.67 * dFor this example, e = 1.125" and since it is greater than 0.67*d which is0.8375". Rule 2 is satisfied.

Rule 2:

 

Design/Evalution of Overhead Lifting Lugs

Page 3

Rule_4 "OK"

=

Rule_4 if t 0.5 in

⋅≥

"OK"

,

"NG"

,

( )

:=

Rule_3 "OK"

=

Rule_3 if t 0.25 d

⋅≥

"OK"

,

"NG"

,

( )

:=

In this example, since 0.25 x 1.25 = 0.3125" and the thickness of the lug is 1.25",this failure mode does not control.This failure mode involves the out-of-plane buckling failure of the lug. Per Ref. 1, this failureis prevented by ensuring a minimum thickness of lug of 0.5 inches and 0.25 times the holediameter d.

Failure Mode 5:

P

w4

28.322kip

=

P

w4

1.67 0.67

⋅

F

y

⋅

e

2

⋅

td

⋅

1.8

:=

This failure mode involves tensile failure as the pin tries to push out a block of steel throughthe edge of the lug plate. Assuming a block of steel 0.8d in length, allowable load is givenby:

Failure Mode 4:

P

w3

22.5kip

=

P

w3

2 0.4

⋅

F

y

⋅

e

⋅

t

⋅

1.8

:=

This failure mode involves shear failure as the pin tries to push out a block of steel throughthe edge of the lug plate. The shear area is twice the cross-sectional area beyond the holefor the pin. Thus:

Failure Mode 3: