thi D tr khi A-nm 2007

I
2

x + 4x + 3
x2
1. Kho st v v th hm s.
2. Chng minh rng tch cc khong cch t mt im bt k trn th
hm s n cc ng tim cn ca n l hng s.
Cu I: Cho hm s y =

Cu II:
1. Gii phng trnh: sin 2x + sin x
2. Tm m phng trnh: m

1
1

= 2cot g2x
2sin x sin 2x

x 2 2x + 2 + 1 + x(2 x) 0 (2) c

nghim x 0,1 + 3
Cu III: Trong khng gian Oxyz cho hai im A (-1;3;-2), B (-3,7,-18) v
mt phng (P): 2x - y + z + 1 = 0
1. Vit phng trnh mt phng cha AB v vung gc vi mp (P).
2. Tm ta im M (P) sao cho MA + MB nh nht.
Cu IV:
4

2x + 1
dx
1
+
2x
+
1
0

1. Tnh I =

x + x2 2x + 2 = 3y 1 + 1

2. Gii h phng trnh:

(x,y R)
y + y2 2y + 2 = 3x 1 + 1
Cu Va (cho chng trnh THPT khng phn ban):
1. Trong mt phng Oxy cho ng trn (C) : x2 + y2 = 1. ng trn (C')
tm I (2,2) ct (C) ti cc im A, B sao cho AB = 2 . Vit phng trnh
ng thng AB.

2. C bao nhiu s t nhin chn ln hn 2007 m mi s gm 4 ch s

khc nhau?
Cu Vb (cho chng trnh THPT phn ban):
1. Gii bt phng trnh: (log x 8 + log 4 x 2 ) log 2 2x 0
2. Cho lng tr ng ABCA1B1C1 c AB = a, AC = 2a, AA1 = 2a 5 v

BAC = 120o . Gi M l trung im ca cnh CC1. Chng minh MBMA1

v tnh khong cch d t im A ti mt phng (A1BM).

Bi gii
Cu I:
1. Kho st v v th (Bn c t lm)
2. Gi (C ) l th ca hm s.
7
M(x,y) ( C ) y = x + 2 +
x2
Phng trnh tim cn xin y = x + 2 x + y 2 = 0
khong cch t M n tim cn xin l

x+ y2
2

7
= d1
2 x2

khong cch t M n tim cn ng l d 2 = x 2

Ta c d1d 2 =

7
7
x2 =
: hng s.
2 x2
2

Cu II:
1
1

= 2cot g2x (1)

2sin x sin 2x
(1) cos22x cosxcos2x = 2cos2x v sin2x 0
1. Gii phng trnh : sin 2x + sin x

cos2x = 0v2cos2 x + cosx + 1= 0(VN)

cos2x = 0 2x =

+ k x = + k
2
4
2

2. t t = x2 2x + 2 t2 2 = x2 2x

Bpt (2) m

t2 2
(1 t 2),dox [0;1+ 3]
t+1

Kho st g(t) =

t2 2
vi 1 t 2
t+1

g'(t) =

t2 + 2t + 2
(t + 1)2

> 0 . Vy g tng trn [1,2]

t2 2
Do , ycbt bpt m
c nghim t [1,2]
t+1
2
m maxg(t) = g(2) =
3
t[ 1;2]
Cu III:

uuur
r
1. Ta c AB = (2,4, 16) cng phng vi a = (1,2, 8)
uu
r
mp(P) c PVT n = (2, 1,1)
uu
r r
Ta c [ n,a] = (6 ;15 ;3) cng phng vi (2;5;1)
Phng trnh mp cha AB v vung gc vi (P) l :
2(x + 1) + 5(y 3) + 1(z + 2) = 0
2x + 5y + z 11 = 0
2. Tm M (P) sao cho MA + MB nh nht.
V khong cch i s ca A v B cng du nn A, B cng pha vi
Mp (P). Gi A' l im i xng vi A qua (P)
x+1 y 3 z+ 2
=
=
Pt AA' :
2
1
1
AA' ct (P) ti H, ta H l nghim ca
2x y + z + 1= 0

x + 1 y 3 z + 2 H(1,2, 1)
2 = 1 = 1
V H l trung im ca AA' nn ta c :

2xH = xA + xA '

2yH = yA + yA ' A '(3,1,0)

2z = z + z
A
A'
H
uuuur
Ta c A 'B = (6,6, 18) (cng phng vi (1;-1;3) )
x 3 y 1 z
=
=
1
1 3
Vy ta im M l nghim ca h phng trnh
2x y + z + 1= 0

x 3 y 1 z M(2,2, 3)
1 = 1 = 3
Cu IV:
Pt ng thng A'B :

1. t t = 2x + 1 t2 = 2x + 1 2tdt = 2dx dx = tdt

i cn t(4) = 3, t(0) = 1
4

t2
1

dx =
dt = t 1+
dt
Vy I =
1+ t
t + 1
1+ 2x + 1

2x + 1

t2

= t + ln t + 1 = 2 + ln2
2
1
2. Gii h phng trnh
x + x2 2x + 2 = 3y1 + 1

(I)

2
x

1
y + y 2y + 2 = 3 + 1
t u = x 1, v = y 1
u + u2 + 1 = 3v

(II)
(I) thnh

v + v2 + 1 = 3u
Xt hm

f(x) = x + x2 + 1

f (x) = 1+

x
x2 + 1

x2 + 1 + x
x2 + 1

>

x +x
x2 + 1

Vy f ng bin nghim cch trn R.

Nu u > v f(u) > f(v) 3v > 3u v > u ( v l )
Tng t nu v > u cng dn n v l
u
2
u + u2 + 1 = 3u

1= 3 ( u + 1 u) (1)
Do h (II)
u = v
u = v
t: g(u) = 3u( u2 + 1 u)
u

g'(u) = 3u ln3( u2 + 1 u) + 3u
1
2

u +1
g'( u) = 3u

u2 + 1 u ln3

> 0,u R

u +1
1

Vy g(u) ng bin nghim cch trn R.

Ta c g(0) = 1. Vy u = 0 l nghim duy nht ca (1)
Nn (II) u = 0 = v
Vy (I) x = y = 1.
Cu Va:
1.ng thng OI ni 2 tm ca 2 ng trn (C), (C') l ng phn gic
y = x . Do , ng AB ng y = x h s gc ca ng thng AB
bng 1.
V AB = 2 A, B phi l giao im ca (C) vi Ox, Oy.
A(0,1);B(1,0)
Suy ra
A '(1,0);B'(0, 1)
Suy ra phng trnh AB : y = x + 1 hoc y = x 1.
Cch khc: phng trnh AB c dng: y = x + m.
Pt honh giao im ca AB l
x2 + ( x + m)2 = 1 2x2 2mx + m2 1= 0 (2)
(2) c / = 2 m2 , gi x1, x2 l nghim ca (2) ta c :
AB2 = 2 2(x1 x2)2 = 2 (x1 x2)2 = 1

4 /
2

= 1 2 m2 = 1 m = 1

a
Vy phng trnh AB : y = x 1.
2. Gi n = a1a2a3a4 l s cn lp.

. TH1 : a4 = 0, ta c 8 cch chn a1 (v a1 2)

8 cch chn a2
7 cch chn a3
(1 cch chn a4 )
Vy ta c 8.8.7.1 = 448 s n.
. TH2 : a4 0 v a4 chn. Ta c : 4 cch chn a4
7 cch chn a1
8 cch chn a2
7 cch chn a3
Vy ta c 4.7.8.7 = 1568 s n
Vy c 2 trng hp ta c : 448 + 1568 = 2016 s n.
Cu Vb:
1. iu kin x > 0 , x 1
1
1
+ 2log4 x log2 2x 0
(1)
log8 x
2

+ log2 x ( log2 x + 1) 0
1 log2 x

log2 x + 1
log2 x + 1
(log2
0
0
2 x + 3)
log2 x
log2 x
1
log2 x 1vlog2 x > 0 0 < x vx > 1
2
2. (Bn c t v hnh)
Chn h trc Axyz sao cho: A 0, C ( 2a,0,0) , A1(0,0,2a 5)

a a 3
A(0;0;0),B ;
;0
v M(2a,0,a 5)
2
2

uuuu
r
5
uuuuur
3
BM = a ;
; 5
, MA1 = a(2;0; 5)
2
2

uuuu
r uuuuur
Ta c: BM.MA1 = a2(5+ 5) = 0 BM MA1
Ta c th tch khi t din AA1BM l :
r uuur uuuu
r
1 uuuuu
a3 15
V = A A1. AB,AM =
6
3
u
u
u
r
u
u
u
u
u
r
1
SBMA1 = MB,MA1 = 3a2 3
2
Suy ra khong cch t A n mp (BMA1) bng d =

3V a 5
=
.
S
3

Cch khc:
+ Ta c A1M 2 = A1C12 + C1M 2 = 9a2
BC2 = AB2 + AC2 2AB.AC.cos1200 = 7a2
BM 2 = BC2 + CM 2 = 12a2
A1B2 = A1A 2 + AB2 = 21a2 = A1M 2 + MB2
MB vung gc vi MA1
+ Hnh chp MABA1 v CABA1 c chung y l tam gic ABA1 v ng
cao bng nhau nn th tch bng nhau.
1
1
V = VMABA1 = VCABA1 = AA1.SABC = a3 15
3
3
d(a,(MBA1)) =

3V
SMBA1

6V
a 5
=
MB.MA1
3

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PHM HNG DANH

(Trung tm Bi dng vn ha v Luyn thi i hc Vnh Vin)