S1 Summarising data

to compare data

Mode Median Mean

A: Measure of Average

Central value of a set of data

Mode value that occurs most frequently

Advantages * can be used for nonnumeric data * easy to calculate * not effected by any extreme values Disadvantages * can be more than one * not a good measure of a central value

Median middle value of an ordered set of data [A measure of average]

Advantages * Not influenced by outliers * Easy to understand Disadvantages * Cannot be used for nonnumerical data

Mean Total of all values number of data values [A measure of average]

Advantages * All data are used * Calculated exactly
Symbol pronounced as: mu

Disadvantages * Can be influenced by outliers

x1 x2 x3 ... xn n Sigma (Sum)

x n

Greek Capital S,

4th value, BUT remember it is even therefore between 4th and 5th value

Example: 8 data values

2 8 10 13 16 18 25 36 Median 13 16 14.5
TASK: Use your calculator

Calculate mean when:

5 is added to each value

Mean 128

16
x n

Each value is multiplied by 2

Each value is multiplied by 2 and then added 5 to each value

Coding

If every value is multiplied by a, the mean is multiplied by a. Mean = a If every value is increased by b, the mean is increased by b. Mean = + b

If every value is multiplied by a and then increased by b then: Mean = a +b

310 370 380 400 420 450

Subtract 300 from each value, then divide the result by 10. Calculate the mean.

Hence find the mean of the original data (use the coded datas mean)

Example
20 50 60 90 100 120
1.

1. 20 10

2
Code these numbers, using the formula:

5 20 25 40 45 55 2. 5 20 25 40 45 55
6 31.666

y
2. 3.

weight(kg) 10 2

Find the mean of coded data. Find the mean of the original data using your coding formula.

3. Multiply 2, add 10

31.666 2 10 73.3

House prices in 000: 450 570 430 670 555 420 580 445

Code these values using:

000 400 y 5

10 34 6 54 31 4 36 9 Calculate the mean of the coded data 23

Hence calculate the mean of the original data

23 x 5 + 400 = 515

price: 515 000

Homework

Chapter 2 Exercise A page 24

Numbers 1 - 5