People v. Reloj, GR No. L-31335, 29 February 1972 [Concepc on!

F"C#$% Pablo Reloj &'abbe( )u&' n ano *&a+an, $r. , '- an ce p c. ,rappe( n a p ece o/ paper ou'& (e a coc.p ' n ".lan. "/'er,ar(, )u&' n ano ,a& brou+-' 'o a -o&p 'al ,-ere n -e ,a& opera'e( upon &ucce&&/ully. 0o,ever, / ve (ay& la'er, -e (evelope( a paraly' c leu1, ,- c- 'a.e& place &o1e' 1e& n con&e2uence o/ '-e e3po&ure o/ '-e n'ernal or+an& (ur n+ '-e opera' on, ,- c- cau&e( - & (ea'-. #-e lo,er cour' conv c'e( Pablo Reloj o/ '-e cr 1e o/ 1ur(er an( &en'ence( - 1 'o l /e 1pr &on1en'. Pablo Reloj &'a'e& '-a' '-e lo,er cour' erre( n conv c' n+ - 1 becau&e )u&' n ano4& (ea'- ,a& cau&e( no' by - & &'abb n+ bu' by '-e paraly' c leu1. *$$56% 78N Reloj & +u l'y o/ 1ur(er. R5L*NG% 96$. 6very per&on & 'o be -el( 'o con'e1pla'e an( 'o be re&pon& ble /or '-e na'ural con&e2uence& o/ - & o,n ac'&. */ a per&on n/l c'& a ,oun( , '- a (ea(ly ,eapon n &uc- a 1anner a& 'o pu' l /e n jeopar(y, an( (ea'- /ollo,& a& a con&e2uence o/ '- & /elon ou& an( , c.e( ac', ' (oe& no' al'er '& na'ure or ( 1 n &- '& cr 1 nal 'y 'o prove '-a' o'-er cau&e& coopera'e( n pro(uc n+ '-e /a'al re&ul'. "l'-ou+- '-e 11e( a'e cau&e o/ (ea'- o/ )u&' n ano ,a& a paraly& & o/ '-e leu1 '-a' &upervene( / ve (ay& a/'er '-e &'abb n+ nc (en', ,-en -e appeare( 'o be on '-e ,ay 'o /ull recovery, '-e /ac' & '-a' '-e &ur+ery ,oul( no' -ave been nece&&ar ly per/or1e( on )u&' n ano ,ere ' no' /or '-e ,oun( '-a' Reloj n/l c'e( upon - 1. Conv c' on a// r1e(.