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CONDUCTOR
A conductor is a substance which conducts electricity but is not chemically changed during the
conduction.
INSULATORS
A non-conductor is a substance which does not allow the passage of electricity. Sometimes these
non-conductors are used to protect something from electricity. They are then called insulators.
ELECTROLYTES
Electrolytes are compounds which when molten or dissolved in water conduct electric current
and are decomposed in the process.
NON-ELECTROLYTES
There are three main factors that influence the electrolysis products. There are:
ELECTROCHEMICAL SERIES
• The apparatus used to carry out this electrolysis and collect the gases given off is shown
in Figure 9 .8.
• When we have more than one type of ion moving to an electrode, selective discharge (or
preferential discharge) takes place.
• This means that the ion which can lose or gain electrons with the greatest ease is
discharged, and the other ions, which are harder to discharge, remain in solution.
• With the electrolyte aqueous sulphuric acid, migration of ions to the electrodes also
occurs.
CONCENTRATION
TYPE OF ELECTRODE
This is best shown if we consider the electrolysis of aqueous copper (II) sulphate solution.
Electrolysis of Copper (II) Sulphate by Using Carbon Electrode
Anode
1. If we use carbon electrodes, they are inert electrodes and do not affect the electrolysis.
2. Therefore, at the anode, we have a choice of sulphate or hydroxide ions.
3. The hydroxide ions are easier to discharge, so oxygen gas is given at the anode :
Partial equation
Cathode
Partial equation
However, if we use copper electrodes, these are active electrodes and do affect the electrolysis.
Anode
Partial equation
Cathode
At the cathode, the copper ions are deposited as pink copper metal:
Partial equation
Figure 1
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Answer
1. The bulb is blink because it has a good electrolyte where have high concentration of
electrolyte and good electrode.
3. Electrolytes are compounds which when molten or dissolved in water conduct electric
current and are decomposed in the process while a non-electrolyte is a liquid which does
not allow the passage of electricity.
EMPOWER
1. Electrolysis is the dissociation of an electrolyte into ions at the electrodes by the passage of
electric current.
a) electrode
b) Aqueous solution
c) Electric current
d) Wires
3. Log on the web side and observe the animation to answer the question.
http://www.tutorvista.com/content/chemistry/chemistry-ii/electrolysis/electrolysis-animation.php
Electrolysis
Electrolysis is the dissociation of an electrolyte into ions at the electrodes by the passage of electric
current.
This diagram shows that in this solution it is contain an anions and cations movement.
This diagram show that when we use electrode and have electric current, the ions move. We used copper
electrode and copper sulfate solution.
When we give electric current, the ions move to cathode and anode electrodes.
Device in which electrolysis is carried out is called a Voltmeter or an electrolytic cell.
Question
Answer
3. There are three main factors that influence the electrolysis products. There are:
2. The electrons flow from the anode through the external circuit to the cathode _______
3. Anode is labeled as a negative sign while cathode is label as a positive sign ________
4. Electrons as being attracted to the negative cathode from the positive anode through the
external circuit ___________
5. The chemical process occurring in a voltaic cell, the direction of the migration of ions in
solution, and the motion of electrons between electrodes in the external circuit. ________
Answer
1. False
2. True
3. True
4. False
5. True
6. False
7. True