IPTV

Nhm 7: Hong Qun Phm Tun Anh Nguyn Nam Phong L Hng Sn

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1. 2. 3. 4.

Tng quan v IPTV

PHNG THC HOT NG CA IPTV

Thc trng v xu hng pht trin Tng Kt

1.1 Khi nim v IPTV

IPTV l tn vit tt ca cm t Internet Protocol Television c gi l truyn hnh qua giao thc Internet. IPTV c nh ngha l cc dch v a phng tin nh truyn hnh nh, ting ni, vn bn, d liu c phn phi qua cc mng da trn IP m c qun l cung cp cc mc cht lng dch v, bo mt, tnh tng tc, tnh tin cy theo yu cu. (Theo ITU - T) y l phng thc song song/thay th cho cc phng thc truyn hnh truyn thng qung b bng sng v tuyn, truyn hnh v tinh v truyn hnh cp.

1.2 Mt s c tnh ca IPTV

a, H tr truyn hnh tng tc Kh nng hot ng hai chiu ca h thng IPTV cho php nh cung cp dch va ra mt s lng ln cc ng dng truyn hnh tng tc. Cc loi dch v c truyn ti thng qua mt dch v IPTV c th bao gm truyn hnh trc tip chun (SDTV), truyn hnh cht lng cao (HDTV), tr chi tng tc, v kh nng truy nhp internet tc cao. b, Khng ph thuc thi gian IPTV kt hp vi mt my ghi video k thut s cho php to chng trnh ni dung khng ph thuc thi gian bng c ch ghi v lu tr ni dung cc chng trnh truyn hnh yu thch xem sau. c, Tng tnh c nhn Mt h thng IPTV t u cui n u cui h tr truyn thng tin hai chiu v cho php ngi dng la chn v thit lp vic xem TV theo s thch ring nh chng trnh v thi gian xem a thch.

1.2 Mt s c tnh ca IPTV

d, Yu cu v bng thng thp Thay v phi truyn ti tt c cc knh cho mi i tng s dng, cng ngh IPTV cho php nh cung cp dch v ch truyn trn mt knh m ngi dng yu cu. c im hp dn ny cho php nh iu hnh mng c th tit kim bng thng ca mng. e, H tr nhiu thit b u cui Vic xem ni dung IPTV by gi khng ch gii hn thit b u cui l TV. Ngi dng c th s dng my tnh c nhn hay thit b di ng truy xut vo cc dch v IPTV.

1.3. Cu trc mng IPTV

C s h tng mt mng IPTV

 - Trung tm d liu IPTV Cng c bit n l u cui_headend. Trung tm d liu IPTV nhn ni dung t nhiu ngun khc nhau, bao gm truyn hnh a phng, cc nh tp hp ni dung, nh sn xut, qua ng cp, trm s mt t hay v tinh. Ngay khi nhn c ni dung, mt s cc thnh phn phn cng khc nhau t thit b m ha v cc my ch video ti b nh tuyn IP v thit b bo mt ginh ring c s dng chun b ni dung video cho vic phn phi qua mng da trn IP. Thm vo , h thng qun l thu bao c yu cu qun l v h s v ph thu bao ca nhng ngi s dng. Mng truyn dn bng rng: Vic truyn dn dch v IPTV yu cu kt ni imim. Trong trng hp trin khai IPTV trn din rng, s lng cc kt ni imim tng ng k v yu cu rng bng thng ca c s h tng kh rng. S tin b trong cng ngh mng trong nhng nm qua cho php nhng nh cung cp vin thng tha mn mt lng ln yu cu rng bng thng mng. H tng truyn hnh cp da trn cp ng trc lai cp quang v cc mng vin thng da trn cp quang rt ph hp truyn ti ni dung IPTV.

 Thit b ngi dng IPTV : Thit b ngi dng IPTV (IPTVCD) l thnh phn quan trng trong vic cho php mi ngi c th truy xut vo cc dch v IPTV. Thit b ny kt ni vo mng bng rng v c nhim v gii m v x l d liu video da trn IP gi n. Thit b ngi dng h tr cng ngh tin tin c th ti thiu ha hay loi b hon ton nh hng ca li, s c mng khi ang x l ni dung IPTV. Mng gia nh: Mng gia nh kt ni vi mt s thit b k thut s bn trong mt din tch nh. N ci tin vic truyn thng v cho php chia s ti nguyn (cc thit b) k thut s t tin gia cc thnh vin trong gia nh. Mc ch ca mng gia nh l cung cp vic truy cp thng tin, nh l ting ni, m thanh, d liu, gii tr, gia nhng thit b khc nhau trong nh. Vi mng gia nh, ngi dng c th tit kim tin v thi gian bi v cc thit b ngoi vi nh l my in v my scan, cng nh kt ni Internet bng rng, c th c chia s mt cch d dng.

2.1. M hnh truyn thng IPTV

M hnh truyn thng IPTV c 7 lp (v mt lp ty chn) c xp chng ln nhau. Cc d liu video pha thit b gi c truyn t lp cao xung lp thp trong m hnh IPTV, v c truyn i trong mng bng rng bng cc giao thc ca lp vt l. thit b nhn, d liu nhn c chuyn t lp thp nht n lp trn cng trong m hnh IPTV. By lp v mt lp b sung trong m hnh IPTV c th c chia lm 2 loi: cc lp cao v cc lp thp. Cc tng cao hn th quan tm nhiu hn ti cc ng dng ca IPTV v cc nh dng file, trong khi cc tng thp hn th quan tm n vic truyn ti cc ni dung.

2.2. Phng php pht truyn tn hiu ca IPTV

2 phng thc truyn

Pht qung b (broadcasting): nh cung cp s truyn cng mt ni dung ti mt nhm ngi.

Pht n a im theo yu cu (ondemand).

a. Pht qung b (broadcasting)

Nguyn l hot ng ca h thng qung b, cc chng trnh c v trn hnh 1. Trong MBone (mng xng sng ca h thng a im) chnh l ng trc Internet. Tuy nhin ngi s dng ch theo lnh ca b qun l ni dung (content manager) c gii thiu ni dung chng trnh hu quan. Chng trnh c th do rt nhiu b IPTV server thu thp c hoc cng do cc server ca mng MBone cung cp

b. Pht n a im theo yu cu (ondemand).

Hnh 2 minh ha s hot ng ca h thng IPTV phc v theo yu cu (VOD) c gi l IPTV n im. Trong cc server ca b qun l ni dung c t chc thnh cm server (server cluster) tng hp kho d liu (database) ca cc chng trnh.

Cc bc thc hin VOD nh sau: 1. Mt thu bao c chng nhn nhp mng v chu s qun l ca b qun l EPG 2. Thu bao mun yu cu mt ni dung no . Thu bao gi yu cu n EGP 3. EGP cho bit a ch ca server cn tm 4. Thu bao gi yu cu ti server . 5. Server da theo yu cu ca thu bao m cung cp ni dung.

S mng tng th IPTV

a. Mng ni dung: mng ny cung cp v gii thiu ni dung gm x l ni dung truyn hnh trc tip/truyn hnh VOD (theo im) v x l, gii thiu cc ng dng gia tng (phc v tin tc, in thoi c hnh, email, tin nhn...). Ngun ni dung truyn hnh trc tip/truyn hnh VOD khng qua h thng x l ni dung c m ha ph hp vi lung media theo yu cu qua mng truyn ti a cc lung ny cung cp ti cc ngi dng u cui. b. Mng truyn ti: y l mng cp IP. i vi lung media c hnh thc nghip v khng ging nhau c th dng phng thc chuyn a hng (multicast) cng c th chuyn theo phng thc n knh. Thng thng, truyn hnh qung b BTV truyn a hng ti user u cui, truyn hnh theo yu cu VOD thng qua mng cp phn pht ni dung CDN (Content Distribution Network) ti a im ngi dng u cui. c. Mng u cui (cn gi l mng cp gia nh). Theo cc nh khai thc vin thng th mng ny l mng tip ni bng rng xDSL, FTTx+LAN hoc WLAN. d. B qun tr mng bao gm qun l ni dung, qun l cp truyn, tnh cc ph, qun l cc thu bao, qun l cc hp ghp ni STB.

2.3. Phng php thu tn hiu

Thit b u cui IPTV trong gia nh c 2 loi: mt l my vi tnh PC, hai l my TV+hp kt ni STB. Hp STB thc hin ba chc nng sau: Ni tip vo mng bng tn rng, thu pht v x l s liu IP v lung video. Tin hnh gii m lung video MPEG-2, MPEG-4, WMV, Real...m bo video VOD hin th ln mn hnh ti vi cc s liu... Phi hp vi bn phm m bo HTML du lch trn mng, tin hnh gi nhn email. Hp STB m nhim cc nhim v trn ch yu da vo b vi x l. IPTV ng dng k thut streaming media, thng qua mng bng rng truyn dn tn hiu truyn hnh digital n cc thu bao.

2.4. VoD v Video server

Bn cnh vic cung cp lp trnh TV, Video theo yu cu (VoD) l mt dch v quan trng nht trong chui sn phm IPTV. VoD cho php khch hng la chn ni dung t mt kho video o tng hp v xem ni dung ny tc th m khng b tr.

 Cu trc ca h thng VoD s dng cng ngh videoover-IP trn hnh bn di bao gm 4 thnh phn chnh. Cc video server l yu t cn thit cho mi h thng VoD, do chng to ra cc lung video trong thc t v gi chng ti mi thu bao. Cc server c dung lng b nh ln nh khc nhau ty thuc vo cc ng dng khc nhau. Trong phn ny ch cp n mt s kha cnh ca cc server v cch thc chng c s dng cho vic phn phi ni dung. Dung lng lu tr ni dung c h tr trn mt server c th ln hoc nh. S khng ph hp nu server lu tr nhiu nhng ch phc v mt s t thu bao.

3. Thc trng v xu hng pht trin

a) Thc trng
Hin nay vi s ra i ca dch v IPTV mt phng thc cung cp dch v truyn hnh mi s lm thay i ng k th phn ca cc nh cung cp dch v truyn hnh truyn thng. Hin ti c trn 130 triu h gia nh s dng dch v bng rng trn th gii. Rt nhiu nh cung cp dch v vin thng li trn th gii ang trin khai dch v IPTV v xem y l c hi mi thu li nhun t th trng hin c v l gii php t bo v trc s ln sn ca cc dch v truyn hnh cp.

b) Xu hng pht trin

Informa Telecom & Media t nhng nm u thp nin d bo, s c trn 35% h gia nh s dng dch v truyn hnh s Hng Kng s dng dch v IPTV vo nm 2010, con s ny tng ng vi s h gia nh dng dch v truyn hnh cp (37%).

 Informa cng d bo rng truyn hnh qua giao thc IP s chim ti 9,2% s h gia nh s dng truyn hnh s c, 6,2% New Zealand, 5,8% i Loan, 5,7% Nht Bn v 4,2% Hn Quc. Vit Nam, tuy khng c con s thng k tng th, nhng cc chuyn gia u cho rng, tim nng pht trin IPTV Vit Nam l rt ln. n c nh dch v MyTV ca Vasc mt trong 3 n v cung cp dch v IPTV (bn cnh FPT v VTC) cng c ti hn 100 nghn khch hng s dng, ch sau ng 1 nm trin khai.

4. Kt Lun Chung
IPTV c cc chuyn gia nhn nhn l mt cng ngh c kh nng mang ti li nhun rt ln cho cc nh cung cp vin thng trong mt tng lai gn. IPTV c th thay i phng thc xem cc chng trnh truyn hnh v l mt cuc cch mng trong vic to ra ni dung. Vi s pht trin ca cng ngh truy cp bng rng v cc thit b sn xut chng trnh truyn hnh, cc chuyn gia tin tng rng IPTV thc s c kh nng cnh tranh vi cc chng trnh truyn hnh v tinh, truyn hnh cp hay cc loi truyn hnh thng thng. Dch v IPTV vi nhng u im ni tri so vi cc chun truyn hnh truyn thng v ang c pht trin mnh m trn th gii cng nh VitNam. i km vi IPTV l rt nhiu dch v gi tr gia tng khc nh: truyn hnhtheo yu cu, mng gio dc t xa, hi tho t xa, Vi ni dung c trnh by trn, chuyn a ra c ci nhn tng qut v cng ngh IPTV, phng thc hot ng ca IPTV, tnh trng v xu hng pht trin ca IPTV.

Ti Liu Tham Kho

1. IPTV cng ngh v tiu chun ha (tp ch bu chnh vin thng) 2. Thc trng v xu hng pht trin dch v IPTV trn th gii L Quang Hng 3. Gerard ODriscoll. Next Generation IPTV Services and Technologies First edition, John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2008. Cc ngun ti liu khc trn Internet Wikipedia (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPTV)

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