?

Where is half way? Net force of the way?

CH 5 - Newtons 3rd Law

Action-Reaction forces

Review
1st Law No net force, no change in the state of motion (no change in velocity). 2nd Law If there is a net force, then the body accelerates such that
Fne t a m

Recall that you cant see forces. You see interactions.

The force between two objects

You cant exert a force on something unless... that something exerts a force on you! Examples: Ball and bat; the floor and your foot. Think of it as an interaction between two things.

Fig. 5.3

The force of the hand on the bag is equal to the force of the bag on the hand

The force of the hand on the paper is equal to the force of paper on the hand

The bag provides a large force and acceleration while the paper provides just a tiny force and acceleration, not stopping the hand

Newtons 3rd Law of Motion

If one object exerts a force on a second, the second exerts an equal (in strength) but opposite (in direction) force on the first. For every action (force) there is an equal but opposite reaction (force).

Fig. 5.7

Force Pairs

Fig. 5.12

Fig 5.13

Fig. 5.14

Other Action and Reaction examples:

Walking How would you get off a pond of frictionless ice? Earth and moon Apple and the earth

Action-Reaction on Different Masses

Cannonball and cannon A person jumping up Balloons and rockets

xxxxxxWhich vehicle experiences the greater impact force?

Fig. 5.6

The forces are an action-reaction pair!

Dont confuse the force with the effect of the force!
As with air resistance, the effect is greater on the smaller mass

Fig. 5.15

M
M

Fig. 5.18

Adding Vectors that are not parallel

How can you find the net force when it is not horizontal or vertical?
Parallelogram rule:
The two vectors are the adjacent sides The resultant (sum) is the diagonal

30 N, No. 50 N, NE 40 N, E

How to find the horizontal and vertical parts of a vector

They can be found by using the parallelogram rule in reverse. The vector is the diagonal and the sides of the parallelogram are the two parts (components).

6 m/s N

10 m/s NE

8 m/s E

B
R

Fig. 5.25

See Fig. 5.27

Fig. 5.28