Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Disinfection lectures
Principle of disinfection Individual disinfection processes Water and wastewater disinfection (w/disinfection kinetics) Air disinfection and disinfection on surfaces Disinfection on infectious solids (biosolids)
Definitions
Sterilization: A process intended to remove or destroy all viable forms of microbial life, including bacterial spores.
Definitions
Disinfection: The destruction of pathogenic and other kinds of microorganisms by physical and chemical means. Disinfection is less lethal process than sterilization because it destroys most recognized pathogenic microorganisms, but not necessarily all microbial forms such as bacterial spores.
Definitions
Preservation: The process by which chemical or physical agents prevent biological deterioration of substances.
Definitions
Sterilizer: An agent that destroys or eliminates all forms of microbial life in the inanimate environment, including all forms of vegetative bacteria, bacterial spores, fungi, fungal spores, and viruses.
Definitions
Disinfectant: An agent that frees from infection, usually a chemical agents but sometimes a physical one, such as x-rays or ultraviolet light, that destroy disease or other harmful microorganisms but may not kill bacterial spores. It refers to substances applied to inanimate objects.
Definitions
Sanitizer: An agent that reduces contaminants in the inanimate environment to level considered safe as determined by Public Health Ordinance, or that reduces the bacterial population by significant numbers where public health requirements have not been established.
Definitions
Antiseptics: An agent that opposes sepsis, putrefaction, or decay by preventing or arresting the growth of microorganisms.
Antiseptic products are applied on or in the living body of humans or other animals.
Antibiotics: an organic chemical substance produced by microorganisms that has capacity in dilute solutions to destroy or inhibit the growth of bacteria or other microorganisms.
It is usually used as a chemitherapeutant and must be low in toxicity while effective against microorganisms.
Disinfectant
Physical
Ultraviolet radiation Hydrostatic pressure
Chemical
Alcohols Phenols Quaternary ammonium compounds Glutaraldehyde Iodine and iodine compounds Chlorine species (free chlorine, chloramines, and chlorine dioxide) Ozone
Disinfectants
Ultraviolet radiation: thymine dimers, various photoproducts (5,6-dihydroxy-dihydrothymine, TDHT, pyrimine-(6-4)-pyrimidone,) Chemical disinfectants: protein denaturation, enzyme inhibition, breakdown of nucleic acids
Structure of viruses
Structure of bacteria
Structure of fungi
Structure of algae
Antimicrobial products
Regulated by EPA 5000 antimicrobial products (1997) with 256 antimicrobially active ingredient
19 % sanitizers 80 % disinfectants 1% sterilizers
Biocidal spectrum
Corrosivity
Chemical hazard
Environmental concerns
Stability
To be continued