List of chemistry mnemonics

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

A mnemonic is a memory aid used to improve long term memory and make the process of consolidation easier. Many chemistry aspects, rules, names of compounds, sequences of elements, their reactivity, etc., can be easily and efficiently memorized with the help of mnemonics. This article contains the list of certain mnemonics in chemistry.

Acids
Dilution of acids
Care must be taken while diluting an acid. One should never add water to acid, as it may splash out due to the excess heat produced and causes severe chemical burns. Rather, the acid should be added to water, slowly, with constant stirring. This can be remembered with the following mnemonics. Always do things as you oughta Add the acid to the water If you think your lifes too placid Add the water to the acid Acid to Water; All is Well. Water to Acid; What an Accident![1]

Contents
1 Acids 1.1 Dilution of acids 2 Cations and anions 3 Redox reactions 3.1 Ions 3.2 Electrodes 4 ate ions 5 Electronegativity 6 Electrochemical series 7 Activity series 8 Diatomic molecules 9 Hydrogen bonds 10 Electromagnetic spectrum 11 Organic chemistry 11.1 Nomenclature 11.2 Aromatic compounds 12 Atomic orbital 12.1 Sequence of orbitals 12.2 Aufbau principle 13 Mohs scale of mineral hardness 14 Periodic table 14.1 Periods 14.2 Groups 14.3 Transition metals 14.4 Lanthanides and actinides 14.5 Miscellaneous 15 Abundance of elements 15.1 On Earth's crust 16 Biochemistry 16.1 Krebs cycle 16.2 Plant nutrients 16.3 Essential amino acids 17 See also 18 References 19 Sources 20 External links

Cations and anions

Cations are positively (+) charged ions while anions are negatively (-) charged. This can be remembered with the help of the following mnemonics. Cat s have paws Cat ions are pawsitive.[2] Ca+ion: The letter t in cat ion looks like a + (plus) sign.[3] An anion is a negative ion. (Anegativeion Anion).[4]

Redox reactions
A redox reaction is a chemical reaction in which there is a change in oxidation state of atoms participating in the reaction.

Ions
An atom (or ion) whose oxidation number increases in a redox reaction is said to be oxidized (and is called a reducing agent). It is accomplished by loss of one or more electrons. The atom whose oxidation number decreases gains (receives) one or more electrons and is said to be reduced. This relation can be remembered by the following mnemonics.

Leo says Ger! or Leo the lion, Ger! can be used to represent Loss of electron is oxidation; Gain of electron is reduction.[5][6] Oil Rig: Oxidation i s l oss; Reduction i s gain (of electrons).[7]

Electrodes
An electrode in which oxidation takes place is called an anode while in that which reduction takes place is called cathode. This applies for both electrolytic and electrochemical cells, though the charge on them reverses. The red cat and an ox mnemonics are useful to remember the same. Red cat: Reduction at cat hode An ox: Anode for oxidation.[8] The words oxidation and anode, both begin with vowels. Also, both reduction and cathode begin with consonants.[4]

ate ions
Sulfate, Phosphate, Carbonate, Chlorate, Bromate, Iodate, Nitrate Super Popeye Constantly Clubbed Brutus In Nevada.[9] Nitrate, Bromate, Carbonate, Iodate, Chlorate, Chromate, Sulfate, Phosphate Nick Brit the Camel ate an Inky Clam with Crpes for Supper in Phoenix. Number of consonants denotes number of oxygens. Number of vowels denotes negative charge quantity. Inclusion of the word "ate" signifies that each ends with the letters a-t-e

Electronegativity
Fluorine > Oxygen > Clorine > Nitrogen > Bromine > Iodine > Sulphur > Carbon > Hydrogen Phosphorous Pronounce: FOClNBrISCHP.[10] FONe CalL Brought to India,Sonias Congress Happy Position

Electrochemical series
Potassium > Calcium > Sodium > M agnesium > Aluminium > Zinc > Iron > Tin > Lead > Hydrogen > Copper > Silver > Gold Paddy Could Still Marry A Zulu In The Lovely Honolulu Causing Strange Gazes.[11]

Activity series
K > Na > Mg > Al > Zn > Cr > Fe > Pd > H > Cu > Au Kangaroos Naturally Muck About in Zoos For Purple Hippos Chasing Aardvarks.[12] Katty's Naughty Cat Mingled with Al ice and Zarina; Fearlessly Plundering Her Cupboard of Gold.[13]

Potassium > Sodium > Calcium > M agnesium > Aluminum > Zinc > Iron > Lead > Copper > Silver > Gold. Peter Sells Careless M onkeys And Zebras In Large Cages Securely Guarded Potassium Sodium Calcium Magnesium Aluminium Zinc Iron Lead Copper Silver Gold Potassium > Sodium > Calcium > M agnesium > Aluminum > Zinc > Iron > Tin > Lead > Hydrogen > Copper > M ercury > Silver. Popular Scientists Can Make A Zoo In The Low Humid Country More Satisfactorily.[14] Private Second Class MACZITL He Can Make Some Gun Powder

Diatomic molecules
Molecules exhibiting diatomic structures can be remembered through the following mnemonics. Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Fluorine, Chlorine, Bromine, Iodine I Have No Bright Or Cl ever Friends. Have No Fear Of Ice Col d Beer. Help Our Needy Cl ass Find Brains Immediately. Horses Need Oats For Cl ear Brown Eyes (I's). BrINClHOF: say Brinkelhof.[15] HONClBrIF The name of the imaginary chemistry goose. Say "Honk-Cool-Brief." I Bring Cl ay For Our New House.[16] Have No Fear Of Cute, Innocent Baby twins.[17]

Hydrogen bonds
Hydrogen forms hydrogen bonds with three elements which are nitrogen (N), oxygen (O) and fluorine (F). The names of these elements can be remembered by the following mnemonic. Hydrogen is FON! (fun).[4]

Electromagnetic spectrum
In the order of increasing frequency or decreasing wavelength of electromagnetic waves; Radio waves, M icrowaves, Infrared, Visible light, Ultraviolet, X-Rays, Gamma Rays Ronald McDonald Invented Very Unusual & eXcellent Gherkins.[18] Raging Martians Invaded Venus Using X-ray Guns. In the order of increasing wavelength; Good Xylophones Use Very Interesting Musical Rhythms.[19] Similarly, Good Xylophonists Use Very Interesting Musical Rhythms.

Organic chemistry
Nomenclature
Carboxylic acids

Common names of homogeneous aliphatic carboxylic acids, Formic, Acetic, Propionic, Butyric, Valeric, Caproic Frogs Are Polite, Being Very Courteous.[20] Dicarboxylic acids The sequence of dicarboxylic acids can be remembered with following mnemonics. Oxalic, M alonic, Succinic, Glutaric, Adipic, Pimelic, Suberic, Azelaic, Sebacic Oh My Such, Good Apples.[21] Oh My Stars, Green Apples. Oh My, Such Good Apple Pi.e., Sweet As Sugar.[22][23] Oh My Stars, Go Ahead Please[4]

Aromatic compounds
m-directing groups Quaternary amino Ester (-NR3+) Sulfonic acid Nitro Carbonyl Carboxyl Cyano

(-COOR) (-SO3H)

(-NO2) (-CHO) (-COOH) (-CN)

Queen Elizabeth Second's Navy Commands, Controls, Communicates.[24] o,p-directing groups Alkyl Halogen Alkoxyl (R) (X) (OR) Amino Hydroxyl Amide Phenyl

(-NH2 -NHR -NR2) (OH)

(NHCOR (C6H5)

AHA AHA P.[24] Note: -NH2,-NHR and NR2 are para directing groups but not -NR3+

Atomic orbital
Sequence of orbitals
Further information: Spectroscopic_notation#Mnemonic s pdfghik Sober Physicists Don't Find Giraffes Hiding In Kitchens. Note: After the k shell, they follow alphabetical order (skipping p as it came earlier).[1]

Aufbau principle
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 ...

The order of sequence of atomic orbitals (according to Madelung rule or Klechkowski rule) can be remembered by using the following visual mnemonics.

Order in which orbitals are arranged by increasing energy according to the Madelung rule. Each diagonal red arrow corresponds to a different value of n + l.

Another version of the visual mnemonic for the Madelung rule

Mohs scale of mineral hardness

To remember the Mohs hardness of minerals; Talc (1) < Gypsum (2) < Calcite (3) < Fluorite (4) < Apatite (5) < Orthoclase (6) < Quartz (7) < Topaz (8) < Corundum (9) < Diamond (10) Tal l Gene Cal ls Florence At Our Quart ers To Correct Dumbness.[1]

Periodic table
Periods
Periods 1, 2 and 3 H He Li Be B C N O F Ne Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar Li ttle Ben Became Charlies Number One Fighting Nemesis. Native Magpies Al ways Si t Peacefully Searching Cl ear Areas.[25]

Happy Henry Li kes Beer But Could Not Obtain Four Nuts. Naughty Magpies Al ways Si ng Perfect Songs Cl awing Ants.[26] Here He Li es Beneath Bed Clothes, Nothing On, Feeling Nervous. Naughty Margaret Al ways Si ghs, " Please Stop Cl owning Around." [27] Hi Hello Li ttle Beryll Brown Cracking Nuts On Friday . Nellie's Naughty Magpie Al ways Si ngs Pop Songs Cl early After Killing Cathy.[27] Hi! He Li es Because Boron CanNot Oxidize Fluorine. Necromantic Nato Mg (abbv. for make good) Al l Si licon Ports. Superman Cl ean Argon's K-Capture.[28] Happy Harry Li stens B B C Network Over France Nevertheless Nothing More Arose So Peter Stopped Cl eaning Airgun K Ca.[29] Harry Helped Li ttle Benny Balmer Carry Neat Oranges From Neptune's Natural Menagerie Al ways Si nging Polite Sonnets Cl early Arf Key Casually. Ha. Healthy Li ttle Beggar Boys Catching Newts Or Fish.[30] Hell, Here Li ttle Beatniks Brandish Countless Number Of Flick k Niv es.[31] Nagging Maggie Al ways Si ghs, " Please Stop Cl owning Around." [27] (adapted) Period 4 K (Potassium) Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr ''PoKey Captain Scans Ti ght Virgin Crew Members Fer Cold Ni ght Cuddles. Zany Gray Germs Are Sold By Kremlin. In reverse order: Kry Brother! SeAs of Germany and Gaul sink copper ships Ni ce and Cold From Manx to Crimea, Vancouver to Ti mor, and Scandinavia to the California Koast.[32]

Groups
Group 1 (alkali metals) H Li Na K Rb Cs Fr Highly Nasty Kids Rub Cat s Fur.[16] Happy Little Nasty Kids Rub Cat's Fur Group 2 (alkaline earth metals) Be Mg Ca Sr Ba Ra Bearded Muggers Came St raight Back Rapidly. Beer Mugs Can Serve Bar Rats.[16]

Group 13 B Al Ga In Tl Boring Al uminum Galleys Indigestible Tally-l ist.[33] Bears Al ways Giv e Indians Troubl e.[16] "B" "A" "G" "I" "T"(bag it) 'Bounding Al ligator's Gates Increase Terribl y Bring Al l Gas In Thail and Group 14 C Si Ge Sn (tin) Pb (lead) Can Si lly Germans Snatch (Tiny) Public (Lead). Can Si mple Germans Snare (Tiny) Public (Lead)?[16] Group 15 (pnictogens) N P As Sb Bi New Popes Assign Subordinate Bi shops.[16] Non-Profit As anti-money Busi ness. * Group 16 (chalcogens) O S Se Te Po Oversized Sailors Sell and Tell about Polo cologne. Old TSangpo Seem Terribly Polluted.[16] Oliver Smith Sells Tea Pots. Group 17 (halogens) F Cl Br I At 1 Fleeing Chlorine-l ayers & Bromine, Id Ast onish.[33] Fairy Cl owns Broil Innocent Ant s.[16] Group 18 (noble gases) He Ne Ar Kr Xe Rn Hero Needs Arguable Kryptic Xes. Right-on.[33] He Never Arrived; Karen eXited with Ron.[16]

Transition metals

First Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Scary Ti ny Vicious Creatures Mean Females Come Ni ghtly to Club Z.[16] Scabby Ti m Violates Crummy, Mangy, Ferrets, Cows and Ni ce Cute Zebras.[18] Saint Thomas Very Carefully Made Fiv e Completely New Copies of Zarathustha.[34] Second Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd Yes Sir, Nob. Most Technicians Rub Rod's Pale Si lver Cadillac.[16] Third La ... Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Larry's Half Taken, Wendy Reached Out Her Plat e Audibly, Helga.[16]

Lanthanides and actinides

Lanthanides (La) Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu Laand Ceremonies: Presiding Neo-dimwits Promise Some-mere European Goddole, Turbid Dysproteinemia Holes Erban (urban) Tool-mans Year-tear-book Lucidly.[33] Little Cute People Need Plenty Sex Every Given Time Despite Having Enough Through Young Love and Currently Parties Never Provide Sexy English Girls That Drink Heavily, Even Though You Look.[32] Ladies Can't Put Nickels Properly in Slot-machines. Every Girl Tries Daily, However, Every Time You Look.[34] Actinides (Ac) Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr Radiant Acting Thoroughly Protects yoUr Nepotism, Plutocratic America Cures-me & Berkeley California, Einstein Firmly Mended Noble Lawreins.[33] Three Planets: Uranus, Neptune, and Pluto. Amy Cured Berkeley, California. Einstein and Fermi Made Noble Laws.[16]

Miscellaneous
56 in sequence

He Li Be B C N O F Ne Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe Cs Ba Here Li es Benjamin Bones. Cry Not Oh Friend Needlessly. Nature Magnifies Al l Si mple People Sometimes Cl owns And Kings Can Scream Ti ll Vast Crowds Moan. Fear Conquers Nei ther Courageous Zealous Gallant Gents. As Seen Brown Karate Robes St rip Yobs. Zurich Noble Mortals Track Ruddy Rhubarb. Paid Si lver Candid Indian Sons Sobbing Tears In Xcess Cease Bawling.[28]

Abundance of elements
On Earth's crust
Oxygen > Silicon > Aluminum > Iron (Fe ) > Calcium > Magnesium (Mg) > Sodium (Na) > Potassium (K)
(The rest makes only 1%)

Oh See Al Fee Cah Mig NacK.[10]

Biochemistry
Krebs cycle
To remember Krebs cycle (citric acid cycle, tricarboxylic acid cycle); Citrate Aconitate Isocitrate Oxalosuccinate - Ketoglutarate Succinate Fumarate M alate Oxaloacetate Caesars Armies Invaded Other Kingdoms Searching For Many Oranges.[10]

Plant nutrients
To remember the elements necessary for agriculture; Carbon, Hydrogen, Calcium, Iron (Fe ), Magnesium (Mg), Manganese (Mn), Copper (Cu), Molybdenum, Chlorine (Cl), Boron C (see) Hopkins CaFe, Mighty-good Man, Cu (see your) Money, hope they are Cl osed or out of Business.[35] For remembering macronutrients; Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Phosphorus, Potassium, Nitrogen, Sulfur, Calcium, Iron (Fe ), and M agnesium C. HOPKiN'S CaFe Mg (C. Hopkins coffee mug).

Essential amino acids

Isoleucine, Leucine, Lysine, Serine, Tyrosine, Glycine, Alanine, Cysteine, Glutamate, Asparate, Arginine, Glutamine, Histadine, M ethionine, Phenylalanine, Threonine, Tryptophan, Valine, Histidine, Asparagine, (Selenocysteine - usually omitted) PVT TIM HaLL[36] and TT HALL Very IMPortant.[37] LIFT HIM KIW(V)I TV FILM HW(R)K. Any Help In Learning These Little Molecules Proves Truly Valuable.[38] This method begins with the two amino acids that need some qualifications as to their requirements. There as [a] fat man [that] hated vanilla icing, [but] loved Kit-Kats.

See also
List of mnemonics

References
1. ^ a b c "Mnemonic devices for: Chemistry" (http://www.mnemonic-device.eu/chemistry/). Mnemonic-device.eu. Retrieved 2012-08-09. 2. ^ Peter J. Mikulecky, Michelle Rose Gilman, Kate Brutlag (2008). "Cats+have+paws"+chem&hl=en&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=cats have paws&f=false AP Chemistry For Dummies (http://books.google.com/books?id=g2lXnvqtnIwC&pg=PA30&dq=) (Illustrated ed.). John Wiley & Sons, 2008. p. 30. ISBN 9780470389768. 3. ^ Kevin M. Dunn (16 March 2010). Scientific Soapmaking: The Chemistry of the Cold Process (http://books.google.com/books?id=DL0d6AoATfwC&pg=PA386). Clavicula Press. pp. 386. ISBN 978-1-935652-09-0. Retrieved 10 August 2012. 4. ^ a b c d Subhash Jain (1 January 2009). Improve Your Memory (http://books.google.com/books? id=J2YMat4HXI8C&pg=PA117). Prabhat Prakashan. p. 117. ISBN 978-81-8430-035-2. Retrieved 28 December 2012. 5. ^ Nick Lane (26 March 2004). Oxygen: The Molecule that Made the World (http://books.google.com/books? id=ziVk6CI82WgC&pg=PA18). Oxford University Press. pp. 18. ISBN 978-0-19-860783-0. Retrieved 10 August 2012. 6. ^ Rene Fester Kratz, PhD (2 June 2009). Molecular and Cell Biology For Dummies (http://books.google.com/books? id=gux4J6ctaeIC&pg=PT70). John Wiley & Sons. pp. 70. ISBN 978-0-470-43066-8. Retrieved 10 August 2012. 7. ^ "Chemistry - Mnemonic" (http://www.chemistrydaily.com/chemistry/Mnemonic_device). Chemistrydaily.com. Retrieved 2012-07-24. 8. ^ Mrs Jacqueline Hilary Briggs, Rex M Heyworth. Lcg Ol Chemistry (http://books.google.com/books? id=4bey4gVjLeAC&pg=PA142). Pearson Education South Asia. pp. 142. ISBN 978-981-06-0008-2. Retrieved 10 August 2012. 9. ^ http://lsc.ucdavis.edu/~holliste/Jim2A/nomenclature_Jim.pdf 10. ^ a b c "Mnemonics for chem 3 2010.ppt" (http://www.chem.uic.edu/marek/marek_downloads/documents/Mnemonics%20for%20chem%203%202010.ppt.pdf) (PDF). Retrieved 2012-10-16. 11. ^ http://resources.teachnet.ie/pkavanagh/2005/electrochemicalSeries.pdf 12. ^ 15th page (http://www.sprowstonhigh.org/moodle/mod/resource/view.php?inpopup=true&id=1138) 13. ^ Oon Hock Leong/ Edmund Ang Joon Aik (2007). for remember alkali metals&f=false Chemistry expression: an inquiry approach. 'O' level science (chemistry) [textbook] (http://books.google.co.in/books? id=s_i8oPwYLWEC&pg=PA243&dq=mnemonic+for+remember+alkali+metals&hl=en&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=mnemo nic). Panpac Education Pte Ltd. p. 243. ISBN 9789812711656. Retrieved 27 January 2012. 14. ^ Syamal, Arun. for remember alkali metals&f=false "Metals, Non-metals and Metallurgy" (http://books.google.co.in/books? id=UMiO4OHq5YgC&pg=PA97&dq=mnemonic+for+remember+alkali+metals&hl=en&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=mnemo nic). Living Science Chemistry 10. Ratna Sagar. p. 97. ISBN 9788183322898. Retrieved 27 January 2012. 15. ^ http://www.freechemteacher.org/Recommended_Resources_files/Mnemonics for Chemistry.pdf 16. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m http://bradley.bradley.edu/~campbell/mnemonic.html 17. ^ "Chemistry Mnemonics" (http://bookbuilder.cast.org/view.php?op=view&book=20878&page=4). Bookbuilder.cast.org. Retrieved 2012-07-24. 18. ^ a b "Amazing Science Experiments" (http://www.thesciencecupboard.com/). The Science Cupboard. Retrieved 2012-08-

18. ^ a b "Amazing Science Experiments" (http://www.thesciencecupboard.com/). The Science Cupboard. Retrieved 2012-0809. 19. ^ John Watts, Aleksander Jedrosz, Susan Loxley (2006). to remember the order of electromagnetic waves&f=false Gcse Edexcel Science (http://books.google.co.in/books? id=KFTvvwOOi64C&pg=PA81&dq=mnemonic+to+remember+the+order+of+electromagnetic+waves&hl=en&redir_esc=y #v=onepage&q=mnemonic). Letts and Lonsdale. p. 81. ISBN 9781905129638. Retrieved 27 January 2012. 20. ^ Jonathan Dee, H. Stephen Stoker (2009). Remember diCarboxylic acids&f=false Organic and Biological Chemistry (http://books.google.co.in/books? id=ZnAeHVeVZ3kC&pg=PA157&dq=Mnemonic++Remember+diCarboxylic+acids&hl=en&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Mn emonic) (5 ed.). Cengage Learning. p. 157. ISBN 9780547168043. 21. ^ William Henry Brown, Brent L. Iverson (2009). Remember Carboxylic acids&f=false Organic chemistry (http://books.google.co.in/books? id=mTHQB7MkUFsC&pg=PA621&dq=Mnemonic++Remember+Carboxylic+acids&hl=en&redir_esc=y#v=snippet&q=Mne monic) (5, illustrated ed.). Cengage Learning. p. 621. ISBN 9780495388579. Retrieved 27 January 2012. 22. ^ "Mnemonic: Dicarboxilic Acids" (http://ict4us.com/r.kuijt/en_dicarboxilicacids.htm). Ict4us.com. Retrieved 2012-07-24. 23. ^ "Organic Chemistry Nomenclature" (http://translationjournal.net/journal/03org.htm). Translationjournal.net. 1997-11-24. Retrieved 2012-07-24. 24. ^ a b "MCAT Mnemonics Organic Chemistry Flash Cards" (http://www.cram.com/cards/mcat-mnemonics-organicchemistry-645732). Cram.com. 2008-08-16. Retrieved 2012-07-24. 25. ^ http://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/ed084p1918 26. ^ Table.pdf (http://www.kisd.org/curriculum_instruction/toolkit/tab5/Periodic) 27. ^ a b c "Mnemonic: Sentences to remember the elements" (http://ict4us.com/r.kuijt/en_chemistry.htm). Ict4us.com. Retrieved 2012-07-24. 28. ^ a b "Science Jokes:11. MNEMONICS : 11.5 CHEMISTRY" (http://jcdverha.home.xs4all.nl/scijokes/11_5.html#subindex). Jcdverha.home.xs4all.nl. Retrieved 2012-07-24. 29. ^ Chemical formula. "Periodic table mnemonic (memory device)" (http://www.chemicalformula.org/chemistryhelp/periodic-table-mnemonic-memory-device). Chemicalformula.org. Retrieved 2012-07-24. 30. ^ "Kids Tips for Easy Learning - Mnumonics" (http://www.betterendings.org/homeschool/fun/mnemonic.htm). Betterendings.org. Retrieved 2012-07-24. 31. ^ Martin Berry. table mnemonic&f=false New Scientist (http://books.google.co.in/books? id=dkUzDol9AcQC&pg=PA535&dq=Periodic+table+mnemonic&hl=en&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Periodic). Reed Business Information. (Eyre Mithuen). p. 535. Unknown parameter | d a t eo fp u b l i s h i n g =ignored (help) a b 32. ^ "CHEMISTRY AND BIOCHEMISTRY A very nice site of Anatomy Mnemonics by John Berger" (http://img.com.tripod.com/mnemonics/chemistry.htm). Img.com.tripod.com. Retrieved 2012-07-24. 33. ^ a b c d e http://www.springerlink.com/content/n4041407123843k4/fulltext.pdf 34. ^ a b Carl C. Gaither; Alma E. Cavazos-Gaither (2002). Chemically Speaking: A Dictionary of Quotations/selected and Arranged by Carl C. Gaither and Alma E. Cavazos-Gaither (http://books.google.com/books? id=j7p5O0HbhHkC&pg=PA82). CRC Press. pp. 8283. ISBN 978-0-7503-0682-9. Retrieved 28 December 2012. 35. ^ "Mnemonic: Elements necessary for agriculture" (http://ict4us.com/r.kuijt/en_agriculture.htm). Ict4us.com. Retrieved 2012-08-09. 36. ^ Mnemonic medicalmnemonics.com 442 128 (http://www.medicalmnemonics.com/cgi-bin/lookup.cfm? id1=442&id2=128&id3=&id4=) 37. ^ ;MATT VIL PLy Essential amino acids (http://mc.lifehugger.com/moc/68/essential-amino-acids) Essential amino acids, Mnemonic. 38. ^ Williams, R.A.D.; Eliot, J.C. (1989). Basic and Applied Dental Biochemistry. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 149. ISBN 0443-03144-4.

Sources
http://www.freechemteacher.org/Recommended_Resources_files/Mnemonics for Chemistry.pdf http://jcdverha.home.xs4all.nl/scijokes/11_5.html http://ict4us.com/r.kuijt/en_chemistry.htm http://www.chem.uic.edu/marek/marek_downloads/documents/Mnemonics%20for%20chem%203%202010.ppt.pdf

External links
Mnemonics for the Entire Periodic Table (http://www.springerlink.com/content/n4041407123843k4/fulltext.pdf) Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_chemistry_mnemonics&oldid=592809518"

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