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ljifo ljz]if1 sfo{bnn] zflGt tyf k'glg{df{0f dGqfno

;dIf k|:t't u/]sf]

k|ltj]bg
@)&) r}q @)

ljifo ljz]if1 sfo{bn


-;jf]{Rr cbfntsf] ldlt @)&) kf}if !* sf] km};nf jdf]lhd Jf]kQf kfl/Psf
JolQmx?sf] 5fgljg Pj+ ;Tolg?k0f tyf d]nldnfk cfof]u u7g ug]{ ;DaGwdf b'O{
cnu cnu ljw]ossf] d;f}bf tof/ ug{ ldlt @)&) r}q !# ut] ul7t_
1

k|:t'tstf{
;+of]hs;x;lrj >L ;fw'/fd ;fksf]6f zflGt tyf k'glg{df{0f dGqfno
;b:o;x;lrj >L /d]z 9sfn
k|wfgdGqL tyf dlGqkl/ifb\sf] sfof{no
sfg"g, Gofo, ;+ljwfg;ef tyf ;+;bLo
;b:opk ;lrj >L OlGb/f bfxfn
dfldnf dGqfno
;b:ozfvf
>L gljg s'df/
g]kfn sfg"g cfof]u
clws[t
hf]zL
;b:o
>L lbg]z lqkf7L
dfgjclwsf/ sfg"g ljz]if1
>L /fh' k|;fb
dfgjclwsf/ sfg"g ljz]if1
;b:o
rfkfufO{
>L hgs axfb'/
;b:o
Gofosf nflu GkLl8t ;dfh
/fpt
;b:o
>L ;'dg clwsf/L
GkLl8t 6'x'/f ;dfh
;b:o
>L dl~hdf 9sfn
;/f]sf/jfnf kIf
;b:o ;lrj
>L bfdf]b/ e08f/L zflGt tyf k'glg{df{0f dGqfno

ljifo ;'rL
!= ;Gbe{ tyf k[i7e'dL=
@= sfo{bnsf] u7g tyf sfo{ k|f/De
#= ;/f]sf/jfnf;+u ul/Psf] k/fdz{ tyf 5nkmn
$= k/fdz{ tyf 5nkmnjf6 cfPsf ;'emfjx?sf] ljZn]if0f
%= ;Tolg?k0f tyf d]nldnfk cfof]u u7g ;DaGwL d;f}bf ljw]os
^= j]kQf kfl/Psf AolQmx?sf] 5fgljg cfof]u u7g ;DaGwL d;f}bf ljw]os++=+
&= j]kQf ;DaGwL s;'/ tyf ;hfo ;DaGwL d;f}bf ljw]os
*= cltl/Qm ;'emfjx?
cg';"rLM
s k/fdz{ tyf 5nkmn sfo{qmddf cleJoQm ;'emfj
v ljifo ljz]if1 sfo{bn u7g ;DaGwL lg0f{o
u k/fdz{ j}7sdf ;xefuLx?sf] gfdfjnL

!= ;Gbe{ tyf k[i7e'dLM


ljutdf ePsf] Ps bzs nfdf] ;z:q Gsf] qmddf xTof, AolQm a]kQf, oftgf, anfTsf/,
cfGtl/s lj:yfkg nufotsf dfgj clwsf/ pNn\3gsf 36gfx Jofks ?kdf ePsf eGg]
tYox ljleGg lsl;dn] ;fj{hlgs x'Fb}cfPsf 5g . tLdWo] la/n} 36gfxsf] ;To pbjf]wg e}
k|rlnt kmf}hbf/L Gofo k|0ffnL cGtu{Tf ;Daf]wg x'g ;s]sf 5g\ . dfgj clwsf/sf pNn\3gsf
36gfx af/] ;Tolg?k0f e} Gofo, kl/k'/0f tyf ;fdflhs d]nldnfksf] nflu 7f]; cfwf/x? ;[hgf
x'g afFsL g} 5 .
ljutsf pNn+3gx?nfO{ oyf]lrt ;Daf]wg ub}{ eljiodf k'gM To:tf 36gf bf]xf]l/g glbg] s'/fsf]
k|Tofe'lt lbg] p4]Zosf;fy G/t b'j} kIfn] la:t[t zflGt ;Demf}tfdf g} ^) lbgleq Gsf
qmddf dfl/Psf tyf a]kQf kfl/Psf JolQmxsf] jf:tljs l:ylt ;fj{hlgs ug]{ / kl/jf/nfO{
hfgsf/L u/fpg] -lj:t[t zflGt ;+emf}tfsf] wf/f %=@=#_ Pj+ ;z:q Gsf qmddf dfgj clwsf/sf]
uDeL/ pNn\3g ug]{ tyf dfgjtf lj?4sf] ck/fwdf ;+nUgxsf] af/]df ;To cGj]if0f ug{ /
;dfhdf d]nldnfksf] jftfj/0f lgdf{0f ug{ cfk;L ;xdltaf6 pRr:t/Lo ;To lgk0f tyf
d]nldnfk cfof]usf] u7g ug]{ -lj:t[t zflGt ;+emf}tfsf] wf/f %=@=%_ ;xdtL ePsf] lyof] .
;+qmd0fsfnLg Gofo ;'lglZrt ug]{ ;DaGwdf zflGt ;Demf}tfdf cleJoQm oL k|lta4tfx cGtl/d
;+ljwfg, @)^# df klg ;d]l6P/ ;+j}wflgs x}l;ot k|fKt u/] . vf;u/L cGtl/d ;+ljwfgsf] Wff/f
## -y_ df ;z:q Gsf] qmddf a]kQf kfl/Psf JolQmxsf] ;DaGwdf ul7t 5fglag cfof]usf]
k|ltj]bgsf cfwf/df To:tf JolQmxsf kLl8t kl/jf/xnfO{ /fxt pknAw u/fpg] eGg] / wf/f
## -w_ df ;z:q Gsf] qmddf dfgj clwsf/sf] uDeL/ pNn\3g ug]{ tyf dfgjtf lj?4sf]
ck/fwdf ;\nUg JolQmxsf] af/]df ;To cGj]if0f ug{ tyf ;dfhdf d]nldnfksf] jftfj/0f
lgdf{0f ug{ pRr:t/Lo ;To lgk0f tyf d]nldnfk cfof]u u7g ug]{ Joj:yf dxTjk"0f{ 5g .
zflGt ;Demf}Tff / cGtl/d ;+ljwfg dfkm{t kl/nlIft pQm k|lta4tfxnfO{ sfof{Gjog ug]{
pb]Zosf;fy @)^^ ;fndf a]kQf kfl/Psf JolQmxsf] 5fglag ug{ a]kQf 5fglag cfof]u u7g
4

ug]{ tyf dfgj clwsf/ tyf dfgjLo sfg"g pNn\3gsf 36gfxsf] 5fglag ug{ ;To lgk0f
tyf d]nldnfk cfof]u u7g ug{ cfjZos sfg"gL k|aGw ldnfpgsf] nflu ;/sf/n] b'O{ 5'f5'}
ljw]osxsf] th'{df uof] . kLl8t ;d'bfo tyf cGo ;/f]sf/jfnfx;Fusf] k/fdz{ / 5nkmndf
tL ljw]osx?df kl/dfh{g u/L Joj:yflksf;+;bdf k|:t't e} ljwfog ;ldltdf Jofks 5nkmn
;d]t x'Fbfx'b} klg tLgn] sfg"gsf] ?k u|x0f ug{ ;s]gg\ .
Joj:yflksf;+;bsf] x}l;otdf sfo{ ug]{ ;+ljwfg ;efsf] sfo{sfn ;dfKt ePsf]] ;Gbe{df g]kfn
;/sf/n] JolQm a]kQf 5fglag tyf ;To lgk0f ;DaGwL b'a} sfd Pp6} cfof]un] ug]{ ul/ j]kQf
ePsf JolQmsf] 5fgljg, ;Tolgk0f tyf d]nldnfk cfof]u cWofb]z, @)^( hf/L u/]sf] lyof] .
tyflk lkl8t Pj+ cGo ;/f]sf/jfnfxsf] c;Gt'li6 ePsf]n] Ifdfbfg nufotsf k|fjwfgxnfO{
r'gf}tL lbFb} ;jf]{Rr cbfntdf /L6 lgj]bgx? k/]sf x'bf ;Ddflgt ;jf]{Rr cbfntn] cWofb]z
sfof{Gjogdf /f]s nufOPsf] ca:yf lyof] . ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf] @)&) ;fn kf}if !* ut]] km};nf
jdf]lhd g} b'O{ cnu cnu cfof]u u7g ug'{kg]{, sltko ulDe/ ck/fwdf IfdfbfgnfO{ lgif]w ug'{
kg]{, Ifdfbfg lbg] / glbg] ljifonfO{ cfof]usf] thljhsf] ljifo jgfpg gldNg], JolQm j]kQf
nufotsf ulDe/ k|s[ltsf dfgj clwsf/sf] pNn+3gnfO{ ck/flws/0f ug]{u/L sfg"g agfpg' kg]{,
kl/k'/0f, ;fIfL tyf lkl8tsf] ;+/If0f tyf d]nldnfk ;fy} cfof]usf] :jtGqtf tyf lgikIftf sfod
ug]{ ;Gbe{df klg oyf]lrt sfg"gL k|jGw ug'{kg]{ u/L dxTjk"0f{ Goflos dfu{bz{g lbPsf] lyof] . ;fy}
pQm cfb]zdf Ifdfbfgsf cfwf/ tyf dfkb08 to ug]{ nufotsf sfddf ljifo ljz]if1 6f]nL u7g
ul/ ;f] 6f]nLsf] ;'emfj tyf k/fdz{sf] cfwf/df sfg"g th'{df ug{ cfb]z lbPsf] lyof] .
@= sfo{bnsf] u7g tyf sfo{ k|f/De M
ldlt @)&) ;fn kf}if !* df ;jf]{Rr cbfntn] Ifdfbfg nufotsf] ljifodf ckgfpg' kg]{
dfkb08sf] nflu sfg"gdf g} cfwf/e"t ;t{xsf] ls6fg ug]{ nufotsf Joj:yf ug{ kLl8t jf
kLl8tsf] lxt k|ltlglwTj ug]{ ;+:yf, dfgj clwsf/ sfg"g ljz]if1, G ljz]if1 Pj+ ;/f]sf/jfnf
kIfx ;lDdlnt ePsf] ljz]if1 sfo{bn u7g u/L sfg"g th'{df tyf kl/dfh{gsf] sfo{ cufl8
5

j9fpg dfu{bz{g u/] cg'?k g]kfn ;/sf/n] @)&) ;fn r}q !# ut] b]xfo adf]lhdsf ;b:ox?
/x]sf] laifo ljif]z1 sfo{bn u7g u/]sf] lyof] .

qm=;+=
2

kb
;+of]hs;x;lrj
;b:o;x;lrj

;b:opk ;lrj

;b:ozfvf clws[t
;b:o
;b:o
;b:o
;b:o
;b:o
;b:o
;b:o ;lrj

5
6
7
8
9
10

!!

gfd, y/
>L ;fw'/fd ;fksf]6f
>L /d]z 9sfn

sfof{no;+:yf
zflGt tyf k'glg{df{0f dGqfno
k|wfgdGqL tyf dlGqkl/ifb\sf] sfof{no
sfg"g, Gofo, ;+ljwfg;ef tyf ;+;bLo
>L OlGb/f bfxfn
dfldnf dGqfno
>L gljg s'df/ hf]zL g]kfn sfg"g cfof]u
8f= r'8faxfb'/ >]i7!
G ljz]if1
>L lbg]z lqkf7L
dfgjclwsf/ sfg"g ljz]if1
>L /fh' k|;fb rfkfufO{ dfgjclwsf/ sfg"g ljz]if1
>L hgs axfb'/ /fpt Gofosf nflu GkLl8t ;dfh
>L ;'dg clwsf/L
GkLl8t 6'x'/f ;dfh
>L dl~hdf 9sfn
;/f]sf/jfnf kIf
>L bfdf]b/ e08f/L
zflGt tyf k'glg{df{0f dGqfno

laifo ljz]if1 sfo{bnnfO{ sfo{ k|f/De u/]sf] ldltn]] !) lbgleq ;To lg?k0f tyf d]nldnfk
cfof]u Pj+ j]kQf kfl/Psf JolQmsf] 5fgljg cfof]u u7g ;DaGwL b'O{ cnu cnu ljw]os
d;f}bfsf] sfof{b]z lbOPsf] lyof] . cfkm\gf] sfo{b]znfO{ lbOPsf] ;doleq ;kmntfk"j{s ;DkGg
ug{sf] nflu sfo{bn u7g ubf{ s} lbg sfg"g, Gofo, ;+ljwfg ;ef tyf ;+;bLo dfdLnf
dGqfnosf dfggLo dGqL, tyf zflGt tyf k'glg{df0f dGqfnosf ;lrj ;d]tsf] k/fdz{ tyf
5nkmn jdf]lhd sfo{bnn] cfkm\gf] sfo{of]hgf tof/ ul/ sfo{ k|f/De u/]sf] lyof] . vf;u/L 5f]6f]
;donfO{ clwstd\ ;b'kof]u ul/ oyf;+Dej ;DalGwt ;/f]sf/jfnf;+u k/fdz{o'Qm 9+un] d;f}bfsf]
sfo{nfO{ cufl8 j9fpg /fo;'emfj ;+sng tyf ljZn]if0f ;ldlt tyf ljw]os d;f}bf ;ldlt
u7g ul/Psf] lyof] . h;cg'?k b'j} ;ldltn] cfkm\gf] sfo{ljlw cfkm} lgwf{/0f ul/ cfkm\gf] sfo{nfO{
tbf?stf;fy cufl8 j9fPsf lyP .

lghn] ldlt @)&).!@.!% ut] /fhLgfdf lbg'ePsf] .


6

#= ;/f]sf/jfnf;+u ul/Psf] k/fdz{ tyf 5nkmnM


laifo ljif]z1 sfo{bnsf ;b:o >L ;'dg clwsf/Lsf] ;+of]hsTjdf ljz]if1 sfo{bnn] u7g u/]sf]
/fo;'emfj ;+sng tyf ljZn]if0f ;ldltn] tTsfn} 5nkmn tyf k/fdz{sf] sfo{of]hgf jgfO{
pkTosf tyf aflx/ ;d]tsf 4G4 k|efljt If]qx?df lqmoflzn ;+3 ;+:yfx?;+u ;Dks{ :yflkt ug]{
tyf ljleGg ;+3 ;+:yf;+usf] ;dGjo tyf ;xsfo{df oyf;Dej ljleGg If]qsf ;/f]sf/jfnf;+u
k/fdz{ j}7s tyf laleGg 5nkmn sfo{qmd ;DkGg u/]sf]5 . cbfntsf] km};nfnfO{ dWogh/ /fVb}
;+qmd0fsfnLg Gofo ;DaGwL sfg"gn] ;d]6\g' kg]{ / ;DdfgLt ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf] kmf};nf ;d]tsf
k|d'v ljifox?df s]Gb|Lt eP/ /fo ;'emfj lng] u/L k/fdz{ tyf 5nkmnx? ul/Psf lyP . 5f]6f]
;"rgfsf] jfjh'b klg ;ldltn] cfof]hgf u/]sf k/fdz{ j}7s tyf 5nkmn sfo{qmdx?df ljifo
j:t'sf] uflDeo{tfnfO{ dxTj lb+b} ljleGg If]qsf ;/f]sf/jfnfx?sf] pT;fxhgs ;xeflutfdf
;ldltn] ;DkGg u/]sf k/fdz{ j}7s tyf 5nkmn sfo{qmdsf] ljj/0f b]xfo jdf]lhd /x]sf]5 M
;/f]sf/jfnfx?

k/fdz{

j}7s

tyf

;xeflu ;+Vof

5nkmn sfo{qmdsf] ldlt


;+rf/sdL{

@)&).!@.!^

!(

sfg"g Joj;foL

@)&).!@.!&

@@

4G4 lkl8t Psn dlxnf tyf

@)&).!@.!&

!%

ckf+utf ePsf JolQmx?

@)&).!@.!^

!(

Gful/s ;dfh tyf dfgj clwsf/

@)&).!@.!&

#(

@)&).!@.!*

!^

@)&).!@.!*

#$

Dflxnf clwsf/sdL{

;d'bfo
t/fO{ dw]zsf clwsf/sdL{ tyf
4G4 k|efljt
cGt/fli6o ;d'bfo tyf s'6g}lts
7

lgof]u
/fli6o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u

@)&).!@.!*

!!

/fli6o dlxnf cfof]u

@)&).!@.!(

!)

4G4 lkl8t ;d'bfo

@)&).!@.!(

$)

4G4 k|efljt k"j{ ;'/IfsdL{,

@)&).!@.!(

!)

hDdf ;xefuL ;+Vof

@$%

$= k/fdz{ tyf 5nkmnjf6 cfPsf ;'emfjsf] ;f/;+If]k M


pk/f]Qm jdf]lhd ;DkGg ul/Psf k/fdz{ j}7ssf ;fy} cGo ljleGg dfWofdaf6 sfo{bnn] ljw]os
d;f}bfsf ljleGg kIfx?df /rgfTds ;'emfjx? Kf|fKt u/]sf]5 . To:tf ;'emfjx?sf] cWoog tyf
ljZn]if0f ubf{ ;f/e"t?kdf @)&) kf}if !* ut]sf] km};nf dfkm{t ;jf]{Rr cbfntn] :yflkt u/]sf
sfg"gL l;4fGt, glh/ tyf JofVof Pj+ lj:t[t zflGt ;+emf}Tff, tyf cGtl/d ;+ljwfgsf] dd{ /
efjgf ;d]tnfO{ ;dli6ut?kdf cfTd;ft ub}{ g]kfnn] k|ltj4tf hgfPsf cGt/fli6o ;lGw
;Demf}tf tyf cGt/fli6o?kdf xfl;n ul/Psf cg'ej tyf c;n cEof; ;d]tnfO{ Wofg lbP/
g]kfnsf] ljlzi6 kl/l:yltdf pko"Qm x'g]ul/ sfg"gx? Tfh'{df ug'{kg]{ s'/fdf ;j} ;/f]sf/jfnfsf]
;xdlt /x]sf] b]lvG5 .
o; ;dodf ;+qmd0fsfnLg Gofo ;DaGwL sfg"g th'{df ug{sf nflu k/fdz{o"Qm tl/sfn] h'6]sf]
cj;/nfO{ k"0f{tM ;b'kof]u ul/ zflGt k|lqmofsf] of] dxTjk"0f{ cleef/fnfO{ k'/f ug{ ;j}sf] O{dfGbf/
k|of; tyf /rgfTds ;xof]u /xg' kg]{df clwsf+z ;xeflusf] hf]8 /x]sf] lyof] . 5nkmn tyf
k/fdz{ j}7sx?sf ;xeflux?n] cfof]usf] sfo{If]q Pj+ cfof]un] lbg] k|ltj]bgsf] sfo{fGjog
;d]tsf ljifox?df cfkm\gf wf/0ffx? /fv]sf lyP . :jefjtM s]s:tf lsl;dsf ck/fwdf
Ifdfbfg lbg ;lsg] jf g;lsg], Ifdfbfg lbg ;lsg] ck/fwdf Ifdfbfgsf dfkb08 tyf cfwf/x?
s] s] x'g] tyf Ifdfbfg nufotsf ;du| ;+qmd0fsfnLg Gofo k|lqmofdf lkl8tsf] e"ldsf tyf
;xeflutfnfO{ sfg"gn] s;/L dfu{ k|z:t ug]{ eGg] laifox? g} k/fdz{sf] s]Gb|Lo ljifosf] ?kdf
8

/x]sf lyP . o;sf cltl/Qm cfof]usf] ;Ifdtf, :jtGqtf, ;dfj]lztf, kx'r of]UotfnfO{ s;/L
;'lglZrt ug]{, b'O{ cfof]ux? jLrsf] ;dGjo, ;daGw tyf ;xsfo{nfO{ s;/L lgb]{lzt ug]{, dlxnf
tyf jfnjflnsf Pj+ ckf+utf ePsf JolQm Tfyf cGo ljz]if ;+/If0fsf] cfjZostf ePsf
JolQmx?sf] lxtnfO{ s;/L ;+/If0f ug{], lkl8t, ;fIfL tyf k|df0f ;+/If0fsf] ;+oGq tyf pkfox? s]
x'g], ;+o"Qm /fi6 ;+3Lo dfu{bz{g tyf l;4fGtx? dWo] ko{fKt kl/k'/0fsf] clwsf/nfO{ s;/L sfg"gL
;+/If0f lbg] ;lsG5, ;fy} ;To tyf Gofosf] clwsf/nfO{ ;'lglZrt ub}{ ;dfhdf d]nldnfksf]
jftfj/0f ;[hgf ug]{ ;Gbe{df s] s:tf pkfox? cjnDjg ug{ ;lsG5 eGg] ljifo ;d]tnfO{ dxTj
lbP/ ;xeflux?n] l6Kk0fL tyf ;'emfjx? Kf|:t't u/]sf lyP . ;fy} sltko ;'emfj tyf
l6Kk0fLx?df tTsfnLg Joj:yflksf;+;bdf k|:t't ul/Psf ljw]osn] ;d]6]sf ljifox? ;d]t /x]sf]
b]lvG5 .
k/fdz{sf] ;Gbe{df ljleGg ;/f]sf/jfnfx?jf6 cleJoQm ePsf To:tf ;j} ;/f]sf/, ;'emfj tyf
l6Kk0fLx?nfO{ ljifout ?kdf 5'6\ofP/ ;f/;+If]kdf lgDgfg';f/ k|:t't ul/Psf]5 M

ljifo tyf

;'emfjsf] ;f/ ;+If]k

If]qx?
ljw]os tyf

cnu cnu cfof]u jGg] ePsfn] cnu cnu P]g jgfpg' kg]{,

cfof]usf] 9fFrf

b'j} cfof]unfO{ Pp6} P]gn] ;d]6g' kg]{,


JolQm j]kQf nufotsf dfgj clwsf/sf] ulDe/ pNn+3gnfO{
ck/flws/0f ug]{ ljifo :yfoL k|s[ltsf] ePsfn] To; ;DaGwdf
5'6\6} P]g cfpg' kg]{,
dxfGofolwjQmfsf] sfof{no /fhgLlts k|efjdf kg]{ u/]sfn]
cleof]hg ;d]tsf] clwsf/ ;lxtsf cfof]ux? jGg' kg]{,
cfof]ux?nfO{ s]jn ;To :yflkt ug]{ / Gofo, d]nldnfk tyf
kl/k'/0fnfO{ dfu{ k|z:t ug]{ ;DaGwdf dfq} l;ldt /fVg' kg]{,
9

cfof]ux?sf] pb]Zo
tyf sfo{If]q

la:t[t zflGt ;+emf}tfdf plNnlvt ;doleq 36]sf 36gfnfO{


cg';Gwfg ug]{ s'/fdf ;Lldt /fVg' k5{ .
la:t[t zflGt ;+emf}tf kl5sf 36]sf 36gfnfO{ ;d]t ;d]6]/
hfg' kg]{,
4G4sf sf/s tTjsf] klxrfg ug]{ tyf o:tf 36gf
k'gMgbf]xf]l/g] ;'lglZrtf x'g]u/L ;+:yfut ;'wf/ ug'{kg]{,
cfof]usf] p4]Zo tyf sfo{If]q Jofks kfg'{ kg]{,
;To, Gofo / kl/k'/0fsf] clwsf/ ;+/If0fsf] pb]Zo k|:tfjgfdf
g} ;d]l6g' kg]{,
Jffn ;}Go elt{sf] ljifonfO{ klg ;d]l6g' kg]{,
pNn+3gsf] k|j[lt tyf k|efjsf] jf/]df klg d'Nof+sg ug]{ ul/
cfof]ux?sf] sfo{Ifq Jofks x'g' kg]{,

cfof]ux?sf]
:jtGqtf,

cfof]usf cfo"Qmx?sf] lgo"lQm k|lqmof ;fj{hlgs, kf/blz{ tyf


k/fdz{o"Qm x'g'kg{],

:jfoQtf, ;Ifdtf,

lgo'lQm k|lqmofsf ;DjGwdf blIf0f clkm|sL cg'ejnfO{ x]/Lg' kg]{,

;dfj]zL tyf kx'Fr

lgo"lQm ug'{ k'j{ ;fj{hlgs ;'g'jfO{ ug'{ kg]{,

of]Uotf

;jf]{Rr cbfntn] tf]s]sf cof]Uotfsf cfwf/x?nfO{ cIf/z


sfg"gdf Joj:yf ug'{kg]{,
10

cfo"Qm lgo"lQmsf] l;kmfl/znfO{ /fhlglts k|efj d'Qm /fVg' kg]{,


lgo"lQmdf n}+lus tyf cGo cfwf/df ;dfj]zL ;'lglZrtf ug'{kg]{,
;dfhdf :jR5 5lj ePsf, ;j}nfO{ :jLsfo{ x'g] pRr:t/sf
:jtGq JolQmx?nfO{ cfo"Qmsf] ?kdf lgo"Qm ug'{kg]{,
cfof]ux?n] k|efjsf/L ?kdf sfo{ ug{ cfjZos jh]6 tyf >f]t
;fwgsf] k'0f{ Uof/]l06 P]gn] g} ug'{kg]{,
4G4 k|efljtx?sf] kx'Fr :yflkt ug{sf nflu cfof]ux?nfO{
cfjZostf cg';f/ ljs]lGb|t ug'{kg]{,
lkl8tx?sf] j9L 3gTj ePsf 7fFpx?df zfvf vf]Nf]/ kx'Fr
:yflkt ug'{kg]{ .
b'O{ cfof]u jLrsf]
cGt;{DaGw,

b'O{6f cfof]un] k|ltl:klw{ xf]O{g kl/k'/s eP/ sfd ug]{ s'/fnfO{


P]gn] g} k|Tofe't ug'{kg}{ .

;dGjo tyf ;"rgf Pp6fn] jofg lnO{;s]kl5 To;nfO{ csf]{ cfof]usf nflu klg
pknJw u/fpg] / cTofjZos ePdf jfx]s ;f]lx lkl8t;+u
k'gMcsf]{n] klg jofg lng] bf]xf]/f]kgf ;[hgf gxf]; eGg]df ljrf/
ug'{kg]{,
Pp6} P]gdf b'O{ cfof]unfO{ ;d]6\g] xf] eg] ;dGjodf ;xhtf
cfpg],
Kfl/k'/0f, ;fIfL, lkl8t tyf k|df0f ;+/If0fsf ;femf ;+oGq
jgfpg kg]{,
cfof]ux? /

cbfntjf6 lg?k0f ePsf] jf ljrf/flwg cj:yfdf /x]sf]

cbfnt jLrsf]

ljifodf cfof]ux?n] 5fgljg ug'{ Goflos :jtGqtfsf] jlv{nfk

;DjGw tyf

x'g],

Goflos :jtGqtf

cbfntdf d'4f rln ;s]sf] ljifodf ;To phfu/ e};s]sf] dfGg'


11

kg]{,
kl/k'/0f tyf ;To vf]Hg] k|of]hgsf]nflu cfjZos ePdf
cbfntsf] cg'dlt lnP/ Goflos lg?k0f e};s]sf ljifodf klg
cfof]un] ljrf/ ug{ ;Sg] Joj:yf ug]{ .
cfof]ux? /

/fli6o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]un] u/]sf xfn;Ddsf cg';Gwfg

dfgjclwsf/

k|ltj]bgx? Tyf ;DjlGwt k|df0fsfuhx? pknJw u/fpg] tyf

cfof]u jLrsf]

To;sf] :jfldTj u|x0f ug]{ Joj:yf x'g'kg]{,

;DjGw / ;dGjo

/fli6o dfgjclwsf/ cfof]u tyf cGo cfof]ux?n] cfjZos


;'rgf pknJw u/fP/ ;xof]u ug]{ ;Gbe{df P]gn] dfu{ lgb]{z
ug'{kg]{,
sltko ljifo -h:t}, /fxt tyf kl/k'/0f, l;kmf/L; sfo{Gjog_df
/fli6o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]un] cfjZos cg'udg tyf
;'kl/j]If0f u/]/ ;xof]u k'ofpg ;Sg] .

Ifdfbfg lbg

;jf]{Rr cbfntn] eg]sf] h:tf] Ifdfbfg ug{ g;lsg] ulDe/

g;lsg] ck/fwsf]
jlu{s/0f

ck/fwx?sf] k|i6 ;'lr cfpg' kg]{,


g]kfnsf] ;Gbe{Dff ljutdf 36]sf ulDe/ ck/fwx? Hf:t}
sJhfdf lnP/ ul/Psf] xTof, oftgf, j]kQf tyf jnfTsf/df
IfdfbfgnfO{ lgif]w ug'{kg]{,
dfgjtf lj?4sf] ck/fw, hflt xTof tyf o"4 ck/fwx?nfO{ klg
gsf/fTds ;'lrdf /flvg' kg]{,

Ifdfbfgsf
dfkb08x?

Ifdfbfg lb+bf lgDg zt{ kfngf tyf dfkb08 ckgfpg' kg]{M


kLl8t;+usf] k/fdz{ tyf ;xdlt,
lk8ssf] lnlvt lgj]bg,
;TonfO{ k'0f{ phfu/ u/]sf] s'/fsf] ;'lglZrttf x'g'
12

kg]{,
;TonfO{k"0f{ phfu/ u/]sf] s'/fsf] lgwf{/0fsf] nflu
;'g'jfO{sf] Joj:yf x'g'kg]{,
pNn+3gdf cfkm\gf] ;+nUgtf :jLsf/ u/]/ kZrftfk u/]sf]
x''g'kg]{,
lkl8tnfO{ ;+/If0f vt/fdf kf/]sf] tyf b'vM x}/fgL lbPsf]
cj:yfdf Ifdfbfg gx'g] Joj:yf ug]{,
Ifdfbfgsf] l;kmfl/;n] kLl8tsf] kl/k'/0fsf] clwsf/
s'l07t x'g gx'g],
ljefluo sf/jfxL tyf e]l6 -h:t} eljZodf lglZrt
cjlw;Dd s'g} kbsf nflu cof]Uo x'g]_ jf6 pGd'lQm
gkfpg],
;jf]{Rr cbfntn] kf}if !* ut] u/]sf] km};nfdf O+lut
ul/Psf cfwf/ tyf sf/0fx?nfO{ klg P]gn] cfTd;ft ug'{
kg]{ .
Kfmf}hbf/L
cg';Gwfg,
cleof]hg tyf

cleof]hgsf nflu l;w} dxfGofolwjQmfdf l;kmf/L; ug]{ Joj:yf


ug'{ kg]{,
cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgsf] cfwf/df k|df0f k'Ug] ePdf clgjfo{

dxfGofolwjQmfsf]

?kdf cleof]hg cufl8 j9fpg] dxfGofolwjQmfsf] bfloTj x'g]

e'ldsf

Joj:yf ug'{kg]{,
yk kmf}hbf/L cg';Gwfg cfjZos ePdf oyfl;3| k|x/Ldf
k7fpg] Joj:yf ug'{kg]{,
dxfGofolwjQmfdf cfof]usf l;kmf/L; jdf]lhdsf cleof]hgsf]
nflu ljz]if OsfO{sf] ;[hgf ug'{kg]{,
;/sf/sf] k|ToIf tyf k/f]If x:tIfkk|efjjf6 cleof]hgnfO{
13

d'Qm /fVg cfjZos sfg"gL k|jGw ug'{kg]{,


ljz]if cbfnt tyf Gofolws/0fsf] :yfkgf ubf{ l56f] 5l/tf]
Gofo lg?k0fnfO{ ;'lglZrt ug'{kg]{] .
ulDe/ ck/fwsf]
ck/flwsf/0f tyf
b08lgo /fli6o
sfg"g l/Qmtfsf]
;Daf]wg

cbfntsf] km};nfn] cfjZos 7x/fPsf] h:tf] j]kQf, oftgf, o'4


ck/fw nufotnfO{ ck/flws/0f ug]{ u/L sfg"g th'{df ug'{kg]{,
j]kQf dfq}nfO{ ck/flws/0f ubf{ kmf}hbf/L sfg"gsf] l/Qmtf /lxg}
/xg] / ;+qmd0fsfnLg GofonfO{ dfu{ k|z:t ug{ g;lsg],
j]kQf nufotsf ck/fwx?sf] kl/efiffnfO{ cGt/fli6o sfg"gdf
ul/Psf] kl/efiff dfkb08 cg's'n agfO{g' kg]{,
ck/fwsf] uflDeo{tf cg'?ksf] ;hfosf] Joj:yf x'g' kg]{,
ck/flws/0f ug]{ sfg"gL Joj:yfn] cGt/fli6o sfg"gn] ;d]6]sf
b08lxgtf lj?4sf l;4fGtx? -h:t} xbDofbsf] c;fGble{stf,
kZrftblz{ sfg"gsf] k|of]u, cfb]zsf] kl/kfngfsf] l;4fGt_nfO{
cfTd;ft u/]sf] x'g' kg]{ .

Nf}+lus

P]gn] g} cfof]ux?sf] Nf}+lus d'nk|jflxs/0f, jfn lxt tyf cGo

d'nk|jflxs/0f,

ljz]if ;+/If0fsf] cfjZostf ePsf JolQmx?sf] ;xh kx'Fr

jfn lxt tyf cGo

:yflkt ug{sf nflu dfu{bz{g ug'{kg]{,

ljz]if ;+/If0fsf]

cfof]ux?df 5'6\6} n}+lus tyf jfn OsfO{sf] Joj:yf ug'{kg]{,

cfjZostf ePsf

sd{rf/Lx?df klg n}+lus tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]lznfO{ ;'lglZrt

JolQmx?sf] kx'Fr

ug'{kg]{ .

Kf|ofKt kl/k'/0fsf]

Kf|ofKTf k'l/k'/0f lkl8tsf] clwsf/sf] ?kdf P]gn] 3f]if0f ug'{kg]{ .

clwsf/sf]

cGtl/d /xt tyf kl/k'/0fsf] nflu cfof]ux?s} dftxtdf Ps

k|Tofe'lt, /fHo,

;femf sf]ifsf] Joj:yf x'g'kg]{,


14

lk8s tyf
cfof]usf] e'ldsf
tyf bfloTj

kl/k'/0fsf ;DjGwdf /fHo, lk8s tyf cfof]usf] bfloTj P]\gn] g}


:ki6 kfg'{kg]{,
kLl8t kl/jf/;+usf] k/fdz{ tyf 5nkmndf kl/k'/0fsf] 7f];
pkfox?sf] cjnDjg ul/g' kg]{,
oflGqs ?kdf cfly{s Ifltk'lt{ tf]Sg] eGbf klg ;Ddfghgs
tl/sfn] dfgjLo dof{bf tyf lkl8tsf] ;Gt'li6nfO{ s]Gb|df /fv]/
kl/k'/0fsf] pkfo to ug]{ tyf pknJw u/fpg] .
ckf+utf ePsf lkl8tx? Tfyf of}glx+;fsf lkl8t nufotsf]
;DaGwdf kl/k'/0fsf ljz]if pkfox? canDjg ug'{kg]{,
:yflgo lgsfox?sf] e'ldsfnfO{ klg P]gn] pNn]v ug'{ pko"Qm
x'g] .

cfof]usf
sfdsf/jflxsf]

cfof]usf] sfd sf/jfxLsf] kf/blz{tf tyf v'nfkgnfO{ P]gn] g}


;'lglZrt ug'{kg]{,

Kf/blz{tf tyf

k|ltj]bg j'emfPkl5 t'?Gt ;fj{hlgs x'g] Joj:yf ug'{kg]{,

v'nfkg

kf/blz{tfsf] l;4fGt ckgfpFbf lkl8t tyf ;fIfLsf] ;+/If0fsf


dfkb08x? kl/kfngfnfO{ klg plQs} Wofg lbg'kg]{ .

;fILf, lkl8t,
lk8s tyf
k|df0fsf] ;+/If0f

;fIfL tyf kLl8tsf] ;+/If0fsfnflu ljz]if sfo{qmd tyf ;+oGqsf]


Joj:yf x'g'kg]{,
;fIfL tyf lkl8t ;+/If0fnfO{ clwsf/sf] ?kdf ;'lglZrt x'g'kg]{,
sltko cj:yfdf lk8snfO{ klg ;'/Iffsf] cfjZostf x'Gf]
s'/fnfO{ Wofgdf /fv]/ oyf]lrt Joj:yf ug{ h?/L x'g] .

Df]nldnfk

l/slG;lno;gsf] cy{ g]kfnLdf d]nldnfk xf]O{g . o;nfO{


k'gld{ng tyf k'gld{nfksf] ?kdf k'gMkl/eflift ul/g' kg]{ /
tbg'?ksf] j'emfO{nfO{ P]gdf cfTd;ft ug'{kg]{,
15

o;nfO{ ;du| ;+qmd0fsfnLg Gofosf] pkfo eGbf klg ;du|


k|lqmofsf] ;sf/fTds kl/0ffdsf] ?kdf lng' kg]{,
Jf}olQms eGbfklg ;fdflhs d]nldnfkdf hf]8 lbg' kg]{,
d]nldnfksf] gfpFdf lkl8tnfO{ s'g} cg'lrt k|efj kfg]{ jf k|ToIf
tyf k/f]If ?kdf jfWotf ;[hgf ul/g' gx'g],
d]nldnfksf] k|lqmofdf lkl8tsf] :jtGq ;xeflutf ;'lglZrt x'g]
pkfox? cjnDjg ul/g' kg]{ .
cfof]usf l;kmfl/;
tyf sfo{Gjog

l;kmfl/; sfof{Gjogsf] cg'udg ug]{ lhDd]jf/L dfgj clwsf/


cfof]u, dlxnf cfof]u h:tf dfgj clwsf/ ;+:yfx?sf] x'g]
Joj:yf ul/g' kg]{,
l;kmfl/;x?sf] sfof{Gjog ug]{ s'/fsf] P]gn] g} ;'lglZrt ug'{ kg]{
.

lgodfjnL tyf
lgb]{lzsf

s] s:tf ljifox?df lgod tyf lgb]{lzsfx? Afgfpg cfjZos


5 eGg] s'/fnfO{ P]gn] g} O{lut ul/lb+bf pko'Qm x'g] .

16

%= pRr:t/Lo ;To lg?k0f tyf d]nldnfk cfof]usf] ;DjGwdf Joj:yf ug{ jg]sf] ljw]os
k|:tfjgfM ;z:q Gsf] qmddf ePsf dfgj clwsf/sf] uDeL/ pNn\3g tyf dfgjtf lj?4sf] ck/fw
;DjGwL 36gf / To:tf] 36gfdf ;+nUg JolQmx?sf] ;DjGwdf 5fgljg, ;To cGj]if0f tyf clen]vg u/L
jf:tljs tYo ;fj{hlgs ug{,
kLl8tsf] Gofo k|fKt ug]{ clwsf/sf] ;Ddfg / ;+/If0f u/L kL8snfO{ sfg"gsf] bfo/df NofO{
b08xLgtfsf] cGTo ug{, eljiodf To:tf] sfd gbf]xf]l/g] tkm{ ;'lglZrttf k|bfg ug{ / To:tf] sfo{ u/]df
sfg"g jdf]lhd sf/jfxL x'g] tkm{ ;j}nfO{ ;ts{ u/fpg,
;+qmd0fsfnLg Gofosf dfGo l;4fGt / dfgj clwsf/ ;DjGwL ljZjJofkL dfGotfnfO{ b[li6ut ub}{
kLl8tnfO{ kl/k'/0fsf] Joj:yf ug{, kLl8t / kL8s aLrsf] ;xdtLdf d]nldnfk u/L ;dfhdf ;b\efj
;+lxi0f'tf / e|ft[Tjsf] efjgf k|j4{g u/L lbuf] zflGt sfod ug{ Ps :jtGq, ;Ifd / lgikIf pRr:t/Lo
;To lg?k0f tyf d]nldnfk cfof]u u7g ug{ jfG5lgo ePsfn],
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^# sf] wf/f *# sf] pkwf/f -!_ jdf]lhd Joj:yflksf;+;b\sf]
x}l;otdf ;+ljwfg ;efn] of] P]g jgfPsf]5 .
kl/R5]b!
k|f/lDes
!= ;+lIfKt gfd / k|f/DeM -!_ o; P]gsf] gfd pRr:t/Lo ;To lg?k0f tyf d]nldnfk cfof]u P]g, @)&)
/x]sf]5 .
-@_ of] P]g t'?Gt k|f/De x'g]5 .
@= kl/efiffM ljifo jf k|;n] csf]{ cy{ gnfu]df o; P]gdf,
-s_ cWoIf eGgfn] cfof]usf] cWoIf ;Demg' k5{ .
-v_ cfof]u eGgfn] bkmf # adf]lhd :yfkgf ePsf] pRr:t/Lo;To lg?k0f tyf d]nldnfk cfof]u ;Demg'
k5{ .
-u_ ph'/L eGgfn] lgj]bg ;d]tnfO{ hgfpF5 .
-3_ tf]lsPsf] jf tf]lsP adf]lhd eGgfn] o; P]g cGtu{t ag]sf] lgoddf tf]lsPsf] jf tf]lsP adf]lhd
;Demg' k5{ .
-_ kl/k"/0f eGgfn] bkmf @$ adf]lhd kLl8tnfO{ pknAw u/fOg] Ifltk"tL{, /fxt, k'g:yf{kgf, k'gp{4f/ jf
cGo ;'ljwf ;Demg' k5{ .
17

-r_ kl/jf/ eGgfn] kLl8tsf] klt, kTgL, 5f]/f, 5f]/L, afa', cfdf, ;f;', ;;'/f, afh], aHo}, gflt, gfltgL jf
;uf]nsf] bfh' efO{ jf lbbL alxgL ;Demg' k5{ .
-5_ kL8s eGgfn] ;z:q Gsf] qmddf dfgj clwsf/sf] uDeL/ pNn\3g ug]{ tyf dfgjtf lj?4sf]
ck/fw ug]{ JolQm ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] To:tf] ck/fw ug{ cfb]z lbg], kl/kGr ug]{, dltof/ jGg] jf
kL8snfO{ jrfpg] lgotn] eufpg], n'sfpg] jf cf>o lbg] JolQm ;d]tnfO{ hgfpF5 .
-h_ kLl8t eGgfn] ;z:q Gsf] qmddf ePsf dfgj clwsf/sf] uDeL/ pNn\3gsf] kl/0ffd :j?k d[To'
ePsf] jf zf/Ll/s, dfgl;s jf cfly{s ?kdf xflg gf]S;fgL k'u]sf] JolQm tyf lghsf] kl/jf/sf] ;b:o
;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] dfgj clwsf/sf] uDeL/ pNn\3gsf] kl/0ffd :j?k dfgjLo, ;fdflhs jf
;fd'bflos ?kdf uDeL/ k|lts"n c;/ k'Ug uPsf] ;d'bfo ;d]tnfO{ hgfpF5 .
-em_ dGqfno eGgfn] zflGt tyf k'glg{df{0f dGqfno ;Demg' k5{ .
-`_ dfgj clwsf/sf] uDeL/ pNn\3g eGgfn] JolQm jf hg;d'bfo lj?4 nlIft u/L jf of]hgfa4 ?kdf
ul/Psf] b]xfosf] sfo{ ;Demg' k5{M
-!_ sAhf jf lgoGq0fdf lnO{ ul/Psf] xTof,
-@_ lgz:q JolQmsf] xTof,
-#_ ckx/0f tyf z/L/ aGws,
-$_ j]kQf kfg]{,
-%_ ce jf ckf agfpg],
-^_ zf/Ll/s jf dfgl;s oftgf,
-&_ hj/h:tL s/0fL tyf of}ghGo lx+;f,
-*_ JolQmut jf ;fj{hlgs ;DklQ n'6kf6, sAhf, tf]8kmf]8 jf cfuhgL,
-(_ 3/hUufaf6 ha/h:tL lgsfnf jf cGo s'g} lsl;daf6 lj:yfkg, jf
-!)_ cGt/f{li6o dfgj clwsf/ jf dfgjLo sfg"g ljk/Lt ul/Psf h'g;'s} lsl;dsf cdfgjLo sfo{ jf
dfgjtf lj?4sf] cGo ck/fw .
-6_ ;lrj eGgfn] cfof]usf] ;lrj ;Demg' k5{ .
-7_ ;b:o eGgfn] cfof]usf] ;b:o ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] cWoIf ;d]tnfO{ hgfp+5 .
-8_ ;z:q G eGgfn] ;Djt\ @)%@ ;fn kmfu'g ! ut]b]lv @)^# ;fn d+l;/ % ut];Dd /fHo kIf /
tTsfnLg g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ -dfcf]jfbL_ aLr ePsf] ;z:q G ;Demg' k5{ .

18

kl/R5]b@
cfof]usf] :yfkgf tyf u7g
#= cfof]usf] :yfkgfM ;z:q Gsf qmddf ePsf dfgj clwsf/sf] uDeL/ pNn\3g tyf dfgjtf lj?4sf]
ck/fw ;DaGwL 36gf / To:tf] 36gfdf ;+nUg JolQmx?sf] af/]df 5fgljg, ;To cGj]if0f / clen]vg
u/L jf:tljs tYo ;fj{hlgs ug{, kL8snfO{ sfg"gsf] bfo/fleq NofO{ b08lxgtfsf] cGTo ug{ /
kLl8tnfO{ kl/k"/0f k|bfg ug]{ ;DjGwdf l;kmfl/; ;lxtsf] k|ltj]bg k]z ug{ / ;+qmd0fsfnLg Gofosf
dfGo l;4fGt tyf dfgj clwsf/ ;DjGwL ljZjJofkL dfGotfnfO{ b[li6ut u/L ;dfhdf d]nldnfksf]
jftfj/0f lgdf{0f u/L lbuf] zflGt sfod ug{ ;d]tsf] nflu pRr:t/Lo ;To lg?k0f tyf d]nldnfk
cfof]u :yfkgf ul/Psf]5 .
$= cfof]usf] u7gM -!_ g]kfn ;/sf/n] g]kfn /fhkqdf ;"rgf k|sfzg u/L cWoIf ;lxt a9Ldf kfFr hgf
;b:ox? /xg] u/L cfof]usf] u7g ug]{5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd cfof]u u7g ubf{ dlxnf ;lxt ljljwtf sfod ug'{kg]{5 .
-#_ cWoIf tyf ;b:osf] lgo'lQmsf] nflu l;kmfl/; ug{ b]xfo jdf]lhdsf] Ps l;kmfl/; ;ldlt /xg]5M
-

k"j{ k|wfg Gofoflwzx?dWo]af6 g]kfn ;/sf/n] tf]s]sf]

s_

AolQm

/fli6o dfgjclwsf/ cfof]usf] cWoIf jf lghn] tf]s]sf]

v_

;f] cfof]usf] ;b:o

dfgjclwsf/jfbL,

u_

lj1fgj]Qf, Gljb, G kLl8t, ;dfhzf:qL, dlxnf

cWoIf

;b:o
dgf]lj1fgj]Qf,

sfg"gljb,

ljlw

clwsf/sdL{ jf zflGt k|lqmofdf ;+nUg AolQmx?dWo]af6


g]kfn ;/sf/n] dgf]gog u/]sf] Pshgf

;b:o

-$_ pkbkmf -#_ jdf]lhdsf] l;kmfl/; ;ldltn] o; P]g adf]lhd cWoIf / ;b:o x'g of]Uo
AolQmx?dWo]af6 cWoIf tyf ;b:osf] gfd lgo'lQmsf] nflu l;kmfl/; ug]{5 .
-%_ pkbkmf -#_ jdf]lhdsf] l;kmfl/; ;ldltn] cWoIf tyf ;b:osf] gfd l;kmfl/; ug'{ cl3 lghx?sf]
;fj{hlgs 5gf}6 k|lqmof lgwf{/0f u/L ;fj{hlgs ?kdf k|sfzg ug]{5 .
-^_ cfof]usf] s]Gb|Lo sfof{no sf7df08f} pkTosfdf /xg]5 / cfjZostf cg';f/ cfof]un] g]kfnleq
ljleGg :yfgdf sfof{no :yfkgf ug{ ;Sg]5 .
19

%= cWoIf tyf ;b:osf] of]UotfM b]xfosf] AolQm cWoIf tyf ;b:osf] kbdf lgo'lQmsf] nflu of]Uo x'g]5 M
-s_ dfGotf k|fKt lzIf0f ;+:yfaf6 slDtdf :gftsf]kflw xfl;n u/]sf],
-v_ lgo'lQm x'Fbfsf jvt s'g} klg /fhgLlts bn jf To;sf] eft[ ;+u7gsf] ;b:o g/x]sf],
-u_ pRr g}lts rl/q ePsf],
-3_ dfgjclwsf/, zflGt, sfg"g, G Aoj:yfkg jf ;dfhzf:qsf] If]qdf sfd u/L VoftL k|fKt u/]sf],
-_ k}+tL; jif{ pd]/ k'/f ePsf],
-r_ cWoIfsf] xsdf ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf] Gofoflwz kbdf sfd ul/;s]sf] .
^= cWoIf tyf ;b:osf] nflu cof]UotfM b]xfosf] AolQm cWoIf tyf ;b:osf] kbdf lgo'lQmsf] nflu cof]Uo
dflgg] 5 M
-s_ u}/g]kfnL gful/s,
-v_ g}lts ktg b]lvg] kmf}hbf/L cleof]udf cbfntaf6 s;'/bf/ 7xl/Psf],
-u_ ;z:qGdf ;+nUg /x]sf],
-3_ dfgjclwsf/sf] u+le/ pN\3g ;DjGwL s;'/df ;Fhfo kfPsf],
-_ dfgjclwsf/sf] pN\3g ;DjGwL s;'/df sf/jfxLsf] nflu /fli6o dfgjclwsf/ cfof]uaf6 l;kmfl/;
ePsf],
-r_ ;fj{hlgs hjfkmb]lxsf] kbdf jxfn /x]sf] .
&= kbfjwLM -!_ bkmf $% jdf]lhd cfof]u lj36g geP;Dd cWoIf tyf ;b:ox? cfgf] kbdf jxfn /xg]
5g\ .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg cWoIf jf s'g} ;b:on] OdfGbf/Lk"j{s kbLo st{Jo
kfngf gu/]sf], lghdf sfo{Ifdtfsf] cefj ePsf] jf lgh v/fj cfr/0fdf nfu]sf] cf/f]kdf lghnfO{
kbd'Qm ug{sf] nflu Joj:yflksf;+;b\sf] cGt//fli6o ;DaGw tyf dfgj clwsf/ ;ldltdf k|:t't ePsf]
k|:tfj ;f] ;ldltdf tTsfn sfod /x]sf ;Dk"0f{ ;b:o ;\Vofsf] sDtLdf b'O{ ltxfO{ ax'dtaf6 kfl/t
ePdf lgh :jtM cfkm" axfn /x]sf] kbaf6 x6\g]5 .
t/ To:tf] cf/f]k nfu]sf] cWoIf jf ;b:onfO{ ;kmfO{ k]z ug]{ df}sfaf6 jl~rt ul/g] 5}g .
*= kb l/Qm x'g] cj:yfM -!_ b]xfosf] cj:yfdf cWoIf jf ;b:osf] kb l/Qm ePsf] dflgg]5 M
-s_ lghn] k|wfgdGqL ;dIf cfkm\gf] kbaf6 /fhLgfdf lbPdf,
-v_ bkmf ^ adf]lhd lgh cfkm\gf] kbdf axfn /xg cof]Uo ePdf,
20

-u_ bkmf & sf] pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd lgh cfkm" axfn /x]sf] kbaf6 x6]df,
-3_ lghsf] d[To' ePdf .
-@_ cWoIf jf ;b:osf] kb s'g} sf/0fn] l/Qm ePdf bkmf $ adf]lhdsf] k|ls|of k"/f u/L k"lt{ ul/g]5 .
(= cWoIf tyf ;b:osf] ;]jf zt{M -!_ cWoIf tyf ;b:o cfof]usf] k"/f ;do sfd ug]{ kbflwsf/L x'g]5g\ .
-@_ cWoIf tyf ;b:osf] kfl/>lds / ;'ljwf qmdzM /fli6o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]usf cWoIf tyf
;b:o ;/x x'g]5 .
!)= cfof]usf] a}7s / lg0f{oM -!_ cfof]usf] a}7s cfjZostfg';f/ a:g]5 .
-@_ cfof]usf] a}7s cWoIfn] tf]s]sf] :yfg, ldlt / ;dodf a:g]5 .
-#_ cfof]usf] s'n ;b:o ;\Vofsf] krf; k|ltzteGbf a9L ;b:ox? pkl:yt ePdf cfof]usf] a}7ssf]
nflu u0fk"/s ;\Vof k'u]sf] dflgg]5 .
-$_ cfof]usf] a}7ssf] cWoIftf cWoIfn] / lghsf] cg'kl:yltdf a}7sdf pkl:yt ;b:ox?dWo] jl/i7
;b:on] ug]{5 .
-%_ cfof]usf] lg0f{o ;j{;Ddtaf6 ul/g] 5 . o;/L ;j{;Ddtaf6 lg0f{ox'g g;s]df cfof]usf] a}7sdf
ax'dtsf] /fo dfGo x'g]5 / dt a/fa/ ePdf j}7sdf cWoIftf ug]{ JolQmn] lg0ff{os dt lbg]5 .
-^_ cfof]usf] j}7ssf] lg0f{o ;lrjn] k|dfl0ft ug]{5 .
-&_ cfof]un] rfx]df cfof]usf] sfd sf/afxL;Fu ;DalGwt ljifosf lj1nfO{ cfof]usf] a}7sdf
ko{j]Ifssf] ?kdf efu lng cfdGq0f ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-*_ cfof]usf] a}7s ;DaGwL cGo sfo{ljlw cfof]u cfkm}n] lgwf{/0f u/] adf]lhd x'g]5 .
!!= ;lrjM g]kfn ;/sf/n] tf]s]sf] jf lgo'Qm u/]sf] g]kfn Gofo ;]jfsf] /fhkqflt k|yd >]0fL jf ;f] eGbf
dflysf] clws[tn] cfof]usf] ;lrj eO{ sfd ug]{5 .
!@= cfof]usf] sd{rf/LM -!_ cfof]usf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ sd{rf/L g]kfn ;/sf/n] pknAw u/fpg]5 . To;/L
sd{rf/L pknAw u/fpFbf g]kfn ;/sf/n] cfof]u;Fu k/fdz{ ug'{ kg]{5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg cfof]un] dfu u/]sf] ljz]if1 sd{rf/L g]kfn
;/sf/;Fu gePdf jf cfof]un] dfu u/] adf]lhdsf] ;\Vofdf g]kfn ;/sf/n] sd{rf/L pknAw u/fpg
g;s]df cfof]un] s/f/df sd{rf/L lgo'Qm ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd s/f/df lgo'Qm ePsf] sd{rf/Lsf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/, kbfjlw, kfl/>lds
tyf cGo ;'ljwf cfof]un] tf]s] adf]lhd x'g]5 .

21

t/ To:tf] sd{rf/Lsf] kfl/>lds / ;'ljwf cfof]udf sfo{/t g]kfn ;/sf/sf ;dfg >]0fL jf txsf
sd{rf/Lsf] eGbf a9L x'g] 5}g .
-$_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd cfof]udf sfo{/t sd{rf/Lx?n] cfof]uaf6 tf]s] adf]lhd eQf tyf cGo
;'ljwf kfpg]5g\ .
!#= cfof]usf] ;|f]t ;fwg vr{ tyf n]vf k/LIf0fM -!_ cfof]usf] sfd sf/afxLsf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ ejg,
;|f]t ;fwg tyf cGo vr{sf] Joj:yf g]kfn ;/sf/n] ug]{5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg g]kfn ;/sf/n] pknAw u/fPsf] ;fwg tyf ;|f]t
kof{Kt gePdf cfof]un] cy{ dGqfno;Fu k/fdz{ u/L :jb]zL tyf ljb]zL lgsfo jf ;+:yfaf6 cg'bfg
:j?k cfjZos ;fwg tyf ;|f]t h'6fpg ;Sg]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ jf -@_ adf]lhd cfof]unfO{ k|fKt ePsf] /sd cfof]un] s'g} jfl0fHo a}+sdf vftf vf]nL
hDdf ug{' kg]{5 .
-$_ cfof]usf] ;Dk"0f{ vr{ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhd hDdf ul/Psf] /sdaf6 Aoxf]l/g]5 .
-%_ cfof]un] cfkm\gf] cfo Joosf] n]vf g]kfn ;/sf/n] ckgfPsf] 9fFrfdf k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd /fVg'
kg]{5 / To;sf] cfGtl/s n]vf k/LIf0f u/fpg' kg{]5 .
-^_ cfof]usf] clGtd n]vf k/LIf0f dxfn]vf k/LIfsf/f x'g]5 .
kl/R5]b#
cfof]usf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/
!$= cfof]usf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/M cfof]usf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ b]xfo adf]lhd x'g]5M
-s_ ;z:q Gsf] qmddf ePsf dfgj clwsf/sf] u+le/ pN\3g tyf dfgjtf lj?4sf] ck/fw ;DjGwL
36gfsf] ;DjGwdf 5fgljg, ;To cGj]if0f / clen]vg u/L af:tljs tYo ;fj{hlgs ug]{,
-v_ ;z:q Gsf] qmddf ePsf dfgj clwsf/sf] u+le/ pN\3g tyf dfgjtf lj?4sf] ck/fwdf ;+nUg /x]sf
AolQmx? Plsg ug]{,
-u_ kL8snfO{ sfg"gsf] bfo/fleqNofO sf/jfxL ug{ l;kmfl/; ug]{,
-3_ kLl8tnfO{ pknAw u/fpg' kg]{ kl/k'/0fsf ;DjGwdf l;kmfl/; ug]{,
-_ ;+qmd0fsfnLg Gofosf dfGo l;4fGt / dfgjclwsf/ ;DjGwL ljZjJofkL dfGotfnfO{ b[li6ut u/L kLl8t
/ kL8saLrsf] cfk;L ;xdltdf d]nldnfk u/fpg],
-r_ ;dfhdf ;b\efj, ;+lxi0f'tf / e|ft[Tjsf] efjgf k|j4{g u/L lbuf] zflGt sfod ug{ kL8s / kLl8taLr
d]nldnfk u/fpg] ;DjGwdf pTk|]l/t ug]{,
22

-5_ ;z:q Gsf] qmddf ePsf dfgj clwsf/sf] u+le/ pN\3g tyf dfgjtf lj?4sf] ck/fw ;DjGwL
36gfsf] ;DjGwdf ;du|tfdf d'Nofg u/L eljiodf To:tf] sfd gbf]xf]l/g] ;'lglZrttf k|bfg ug{sf
nflu cfjZos ;+:yfut ;'wf/ / kl/If0f -e]l6_ nufotsf /0flglts pkrf/sf kIfx?df l;kmfl/; ug]{,
-h_ o; P]gdf pNn]lvt cGo sfd ug]{ .
!%= 36gfsf] 5fgljg ug]{M -!_ cfof]un] ;z:q Gsf] qmddf ePsf dfgj clwsf/sf] u+le/ pN\3g tyf
dfgjtf lj?4sf] ck/fw ;DjGwL 36gfsf] ;DjGwdf b]xfosf] cfwf/df 5fgljg ug{ ;Sg]5 M
-s_ kLl8t jf lghsf] tkm{af6 s;}n] cfof]u ;dIf ph'/L lbPdf,
-v_ s'g} ;|f]taf6 cfof]unfO{ ;f] ljifodf hfgsf/L k|fKt ePdf,
-u_ ;f] ljifodf 5fgljg ug{ cfof]un] pko'Qm ;Dem]df .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -s_ adf]lhd cfof]u ;dIf ph'/L lbg] sfo{ljlw ;DaGwL cGo Joj:yf tf]lsP
adf]lhd x'g]5 .
!^= cbfntnfO{ eP ;/xsf] clwsf/ k|of]u ug{ ;Sg]M -!_ cfof]un] bkmf !% adf]lhd 5fgljg ubf{ b]xfosf]
sfd ug]{ ;DaGwdf k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd cbfntnfO{ eP ;/xsf] clwsf/ k|of]u ug{ ;Sg]5M
-s_ s'g} JolQmnfO{ cfof]u ;dIf pkl:yt u/fO{ hfgsf/L lng] jf aofg u/fpg],
-v_ ;fIfL a'em\g] tyf askq u/fpg],
-u_ s'g} lnvt jf sfuhft k]z ug{ cfb]z lbg],
-3_ s'g} ;/sf/L jf ;fj{hlgs sfo{fno jf cbfntaf6 s'g} lnvt jf To;sf] gSsn lemsfpg],
t/ s'g} cbfntaf6 To:tf] lnvt lemsfp+bf ;DalGwt cbfntsf] cg'dlt lng' kg]{5 .
-_ k|df0f a'em\g],
-r_ :ynut lg/LIf0f ug]{ u/fpg] jf bzL k|df0f k]z ug{ cfb]z lbg] .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd s'g} JolQm pkl:yt u/fpg jf lnvt, sfuhft, bzL jf k|df0f k]z ug]{
;DaGwdf cfof]un] pko'Qm ;Dem]df dgfl;j ;do tf]Sg ;Sg]5 .
-#_ cfof]un] cfkm\gf] 5fgljg ;DaGwL s'g} j:t', lnvt s'g} JolQmsf ;fydf jf s'g} vf; :yfgdf 5
eGg] nfu]df ljgf ;"rgf To:tf] JolQm jf :yfgsf] tnf;L lng jf lng nufpg / km]nf k/]sf j:t' jf
lnvt sAhf ug{ jf ug{ nufpg jf To:tf] lnvtsf] k"/} jf cf+lzs gSsn jf k|ltlnlk lng nufpg
;Sg]5 .
-$_ ;fj{hlgs kb wf/0f u/]sf] s'g} JolQm pk/ o; P]g adf]lhd 5fgljg ug'{ k/]df / lghnfO{ kbdf
jxfn /flv/xFbf lghn] k|df0f nf]k ug]{ ;+efjgf b]lvPdf cfof]un] lghnfO{ lgnDag ug{ ;DalGwt
23

lgsfodf n]vL k7fpg ;Sg]5 / To;/L n]vL cfPdf ;DalGwt lgsfon] ;d]t To:tf] JolQmnfO{ lghsf]
;]jf zt{ ;DaGwL sfg"gdf pNn]v ePsf]df ;f]xL adf]lhd / To;/L pNn]v gePsf]df a9Ldf tLg
dlxgfsf] nflu lgnDag ug'{ kg]{5 .
-%_ cfof]unfO{ k|fKt ePsf] ph'/L tyf hfgsf/L 5fgljg ug]{ ;DaGwL cGo Joj:yf tf]lsP adf]lhd
x'g]5 .
!&= cfof]usf] sfo{df ;xof]u k'ofpg' kg]{M -!_ cfof]un] bkmf !^ adf]lhd dfu u/]sf] lnvt, sfuhft, bzL
jf k|df0f k]z ug'{ tyf cfof]udf pkl:yt eO{ hfgsf/L, aofg jf askq lbg' ;DalGwt JolQm, ;+:yf jf
lgsfosf] st{Jo x'g]5 .
-@_ cfof]un] o; P]g adf]lhd 5fgljgsf] l;nl;nfdf s'g} 7fpFsf] tnf;L ln+bf jf s'g} JolQmnfO{
cfof]u ;dIf pkl:yt u/fpg :yfgLo k|zf;gsf] ;xof]u dfu u/]df cfof]unfO{ ;xof]u ug'{ :yfgLo
k|zf;gsf] st{Jo x'g]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ jf -@_ adf]lhd st{Jo ePsf] JolQm, ;+:yf jf lgsfon] cfof]usf] sfo{df ;xof]u
gu/]df cfof]un] To:tf] JolQm jf ;f] ;+:yf jf lgsfosf] k|d'vnfO{ k6s} lkR5] kGw| xhf/ ?k}+ofF;Dd
hl/afgf jf tLg dlxgf;Dd s}b jf b'j} hl/jfgf ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-$_ pkbkmf -!_ jf -@_ adf]lhd st{Jo ePsf] JolQm, s'g} ;/sf/L lgsfo jf ;fj{hlgs ;+:yfsf]
kbflwsf/L jf sd{rf/L ePdf cfof]un] To:tf] kbflwsf/L jf sd{rf/LnfO{ ljefuLo sf/afxL ug{ jf
k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd kbLo lhDd]jf/L k"/f gu/]sf] cf/f]kdf sf/afxL ug{ ;DalGwt lgsfodf n]vL
k7fpg ;Sg]5 .
-%_ s;}n] cfof]usf] sfd sf/afxLdf afwf la/f]w u/]df cfof]un] To:tf] JolQmnfO{ k6s} lkR5] kGw|
xhf/ ?k}+ofF;Dd hl/afgf jf tLg dlxgf;Dd s}b jf b'j} hl/jfgf ug{ ;Sg]5 .
!*= cjx]ngfdf sf/afxL ug{ ;Sg]M -!_ cfof]un] cfkm\gf] cjx]ngfdf sf/afxL rnfpg ;Sg] 5 . o;/L
sf/afxL rnfpFbf cfof]un] cfk\mgf] cjx]ngf ePsf] 7xofPdf kGw| xhf/ ?k}+of;Dd hl/afgf jf tLg
dxLgf;Dd s}b jf b'j} ;hf+o ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg ;DalGwt JolQmn] cfof]unfO{ ;Gtf]if x'g] u/L Ifdf
ofrgf u/]df cfof]un] Ifdf lbg jf ;hfo tf]sL ;s]sf] eP ;hfo dfkm ug{, 36fpg jf cfof]un] tf]s]sf]
zt{df ;hfo d'ntjL /fvL To:tf] zt{sf] kfng ePdf ;hfo sfof{Gjog gug]{ cfb]z lbg ;Sg]5 .
!(= ;fIfL tyf cGo JolQmsf] ;+/If0fM -!_ cfof]udf aofg, askq jf hfgsf/L lbg pkl:yt x'g] s'g} JolQm,
kLl8t jf lghsf] kl/jf/sf ;b:on] cfkm\gf] ;'/Iffsf] nflu cfof]u;Fu cg'/f]w u/]df jf cfof]unfO{
24

;xof]u k'/\ofpg] jf cfof]udf sfo{/t s'g} JolQmnfO{ ;'/Iff lbg cfjZos b]lvPdf cfof]un] ;f] JolQmsf]
;'/Iffsf] nflu plrt Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd s'g} JolQmsf] ;'/Iffsf] nflu cfof]un] cfjZostfg';f/ g]kfn ;/sf/sf]
;xof]u lng ;Sg]5 . To;/L cfof]uaf6 ;xof]u dfu ePsf]df cfof]un] dfu]sf] ;xof]u k'ofpg' g]kfn
;/sf/sf] st{Jo x'g] 5 .
-#_ s'g} JolQmn] cfof]udf aofg jf askq u/]sf] jf s'g} hfgsf/L lbPsf] sf/0fn] dfq lghsf lj?4
s'g} d'2f rnfOg] jf sfg"gL sf/afxL ul/g] 5}g .
-$_ cfof]udf aofg, askq jf hfgsf/L lbg pkl:yt ePsf] JolQmn] cfpFbf hfFbf / vfg tyf a:bf
x'g] jf:tljs vr{ dfu u/]df cfof]un] To:tf] JolQmnfO{ dgfl;a vr{ pknAw u/fpg ;Sg]5 .
-%_ cfof]udf s'g} ;"rgf, hfgsf/L jf k|df0f lbg] JolQmn] cfkm\gf] klxrfg uf]Ko /fVg rfx]df cfof]un]
To:tf] JolQmsf] kl/ro v'Ng] klxrfgsf] ljj/0f uf]Ko /fVg' kg]{5 .
-^_ dlxnf jf afnaflnsfnfO{ cfof]u ;dIf pkl:yt u/fO{ hfgsf/L lng' kg]{ jf aofg jf askq
u/fpg' kg]{ ePdf cfof]un] lghsf] OHht / ;'/Iffsf] ljz]if k|jGw ug'{ kg]{5 .
-&_ cfof]un] a'em\g'kg]{ ;flIf zf/Ll/s ?kdf c;Qm ePsf] jf gfjfns ePsf] jf ;'/Iffsf] sf/0fn] ubf{
lghnfO{ cfof]udf pkl:yt u/fpg g;lsg] ePdf ;DjlGwt kIfn] ;f]xL Joxf]/f vf]nL >Jo b[io ;Djfb
dfkm{t\ To:tf] ;fIfL a'em\gsf] nflu cfof]udf lgj]bg lbPdf cfof]un] >Jo b[io ;Djfb dfkm{t\ ;fIfL
a'em\g] Joj:yf ug{ ;Sg] 5 .
-*_ ;fIfL, kLl8t tyf cfof]usf] sfddf ;xof]u ug{] JolQmsf] ;'/Iff, zf/Ll/s tyf dfgl;s lxt,
uf]klgotf / dof{bfsf] ;+/If0f ;DaGwL Joj:yf tf]lsP adf]lhd x'g]5 .
@)= ;fj{hlgs ;'g'jfO{ ug{ ;Sg]M -!_ cfof]un] dfgj clwsf/sf] u+le/ pN\3g tyf dfgjtf lj?4sf] ck/fw
;DjGwL 36gfdf ;To tYo kQf nufpg cfjZos b]v]df ;fj{hlgs ;'g'jfO{ ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-@_ ;fj{hlgs ;'gjfO{ ug]{ tl/sf / k|lqmof cfof]un] tf]s] adf]lhd x'g]5 .
@!= cfof]usf] sfd sf/afxL v'nf tyf kf/bzL{ x'g' kg]{M -!_ cfof]un] cfkm\gf] sfd sf/afxL v'nf tyf kf/bzL{
?kdf ug'{ kg]{5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg s'g} JolQmsf] OHht jf ;'/Iffdf k|lts"n c;/ kg]{,
zflGt / ;'Joj:yfdf vnn kg]{ jf 5fgljg k|s[ofnfO{ k|lts'n c;/ kfg]{ sfd sf/afxL uf]Ko ug{
;lsg]5 .

25

-#_ cfof]un] cfkm\gf] sfd sf/afxL ;DaGwL ljj/0f kLl8t nufot ;j{;fwf/0fsf] hfgsf/Lsf] nflu
;do ;dodf ;fj{hlgs ug{ ;Sg]5 .
@@= :jtGqtf / lgikIftf sfod ug'{ kg]{M -!_ cfof]un] :jtGq / lgikIf ?kn] cfkm\gf] sfd ;Dkfbg ug'{ kg]{5
.
-@_ cfof]un] s;}k|lt em'sfa, df]nflxhf jf jblgot /fvL sfd ug{ x'Fb}g .
-#_ cfof]un] cfkm\gf] sfd sf/afxL ubf{ dfgj clwsf/ tyf Gofosf ;j{dfGo l;4fGtnfO{ kfngf ug'{
kg]{5 .
-$_ cfof]uaf6 5fgljg tyf sf/afxL ug{' kg{] JolQm s'g} ;b:osf] gft]bf/ ePdf jf s'g} sf/f]jf/sf]
l;nl;nfdf lgh;Fu k|ToIf?kdf ;DalGwt ePdf ;f] ;b:on] To:tf] 5fgljg tyf sf/afxLdf ;+nUg x'g
x'Fb}g .
@#= ph'/L tfd]nLdf /fVg ;Sg]M cfof]udf k|fKt ePsf] ph'/L jf hfgsf/L 5fgljg ubf{ tYoxLg ePdf jf ;f]
sfof{Gjog ug{ g;lsg] b]lvPdf cfof]un] sf/0f v'nfO{ To:tf] ph'/L tfd]nLdf /fVg ;Sg]5 .
t/ To:tf] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf sf/afxL ug]{ ljifodf kl5 k|df0f k|fKt ePdf cfof]un] ;f] ph'/L pk/
5fgljg ug{ ;Sg]5 .
@$= kl/k"/0fsf] nflu l;kmfl/; ug]{M -!_ o; P]g adf]lhd ul/Psf] 5fgljgaf6 kLl8tnfO{ xflggf]S;fgL ePsf]
b]lvPdf To:tf] xflggf]S;fgL jfkt dgfl;j Ifltk"lt{ k|bfg ug{, kLl8tsf] k'g?f/ jf k'g:y{fkgf ug{ jf
lghnfO{ /fxt, ;'ljwf jf cGo s'g} ;x'lnot pknAw u/fpg cfof]un] g]kfn ;/sf/ ;dIf l;kmfl/;
ug]{5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg cfof]un] pko'Qm ;Dem]df kLl8t jf cj:yf
cg';f/ lghsf] kl/jf/sf] s'g} ;b:onfO{ b]xfosf ;'ljwf jf ;x'lnot pknAw u/fpg g]kfn ;/sf/
;dIf l;kmfl/; ug{ ;Sg]5M
-s_ lgMz'Ns lzIff tyf :jf:yf]krf/,
-v_ ;Lkd"ns tfnLd,
-u_ ljgf Aofh jf ;x'lnotk"0f{ Jofhdf C0f ;'ljwf,
-3_ a;f]af;sf] Joj:yf,
-_ /f]huf/sf] ;'ljwf,
-r_ cfof]un] pko'Qm ;De]msf] cGo pkfo, ;'ljwf jf ;x'lnot .

26

-#_ cfof]un] o; bkmf jdf]lhd kLl8tnfO{ kl/k'/0fsf] l;kmfl/; ubf{ kLl8t jf lghsf] kl/jf/sf] OR5f
jf dfunfO{ ;d]t ljrf/ ug]{ 5 .
-$_ pkbkmf -!_ jf -@_ adf]lhd pknAw u/fOg] kl/k'/0f lgwf{/0f ug{] cfwf/ / dfkb08 tf]lsP
adf]lhd x'g]5 .
-%_ kLl8tnfO{ kL8sf/f Ifltk"lt{ pknAw u/fOPsf], cfof]uaf6 kL8s / kLl8taLr d]nldnfk
u/fOPsf] jf s'g} kL8ssf] klxrfg gePsf] sf/0fn] dfq o; bkmf adf]lhd kLl8tnfO{ pknAw u/fOg]
kl/k'/0faf6 jl~rt ul/g] 5}g .
-^_ kLl8tsf] d[To' e};s]sf] cj:yfdf pkbkmf -!_ jf -@_ adf]lhd kLl8tn] kfpg] /fxt, Ifltk"lt{,
;'ljwf jf ;x'lnot lghsf] kl/jf/sf] glhssf] ;b:on] kfpg]5 .
@%= sf/jfxLsf] nflu l;kmfl/; ug]{M -!_ cfof]un] o; P]g adf]lhd 5fgljg ubf{ s'g} AolQm dfgj clwsf/sf]
u+le/ pN\3g jf dfgjtf lj?4sf] ck/fwdf ;+nUg ePsf] b]lvPdf ;f]sf] k|df0f ;d]t ;+nUg u/L To:tf]
JolQm pk/ d'2f rnfpg cfof]un] bkmf #) adf]lhd k|ltj]bg lbg' cufj} dxfGofoflwjQmfnfO{ l;kmfl/;
ug{]5 .
-@_ cfof]un] o; P]g adf]lhd 5fgljg ubf{ ;fj{hlgs kb wf/0f u/]sf] s'g} JolQm dfgj clwsf/sf]
uDeL/ pNn\3gsf] cf/f]kdf ;+nUg ePsf] b]lvPdf lghnfO{ ljefuLo sf/afxL ug{ clVtof/jfnf;dIf
n]vL k7fpg]5 . o;/L n]vL cfPdf ;DalGwt clVtof/jfnfn] lghnfO{ pko'Qm ;hfo k|:tfj u/L tLg
dxLgfleq k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd ljefuLo sf/afxL u/L ;f] sf] hfgsf/L cfof]unfO{ lbg'kg]{5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ jdf]lhd ljefuLo sf/jfxL ug{ n]lv k7fPsf] jf ljefuLo sf/jfxL ePsf] cfwf/df
To:tf] JolQm pk/ pkbkmf -!_ jdf]lhd d'2f rnfpg jfwf kg]{ 5}g .
-$_ cfof]un] o; P]g jdf]lhd 5fgljg ubf{ s'g} JolQm k|rlnt sfg"g jdf]lhd x'g] cGo s'g} s;'/df
;+nUg ePsf] b]lvPdf cfof]un] To:tf] JolQm pk/ sfg"g jdf]lhd cg';Gwfg u/L sf/jfxL rnfpg
;DjlGwt lgsfodf n]lv k7fpg ;Sg] 5 .
-%_ pkbkmf -$_ jdf]lhd n]lv cfPsf]df ;DjlGwt lgsfon] To:tf] JolQm lj?4 k|rlnt sfg"g jdf]lhd
cg';Gwfg u/L sf/jfxL ug'{ kg]{ 5 .
@^= d]nldnfk u/fpg ;Sg]M -!_ bkmf @% df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg cfof]un] 5fgljg ul//x]sf]
s'g} 36gfsf] ;DjGwdf d]nldnfksf] k|s[of ckgfpg kLl8t, kL8s jf b'j} kIfn] cfof]u ;dIf lgj]bg
lbPdf cfof]un] d]nldnfksf] nflu sf/jfxL k|f/De ug{ ;Sg] 5 .

27

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ jdf]lhd lk8sn] lgj]bg lbg rfx]df lghn] ;f] lgj]bgdf b]xfosf s'/fx? v'nfpg kg]{
5M
-s_ ;z:q Gsf] qmddf cfkm"af6 ePsf] sfd sf/jfxLsf] ;DjGwdf cfkm"nfO{ yfxf eP;Ddsf] ;To tYo
;lxtsf] k"0f{ ljj/0f,
-v_ cfkm"af6 unt sfd ePsf]df kZrftfk,
-u_ eljiodf To:tf] sfo{ gbf]xf]/fpg] k|ltj4tf,
-3_ kLl8t;+u dflkm dfUg tof/ /x]sf] 3f]if0ff,
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ jdf]lhd lgj]bg k/]sf]df cfof]un] kLl8t / kL8s kIfnfO{ cfof]udf pkl:yt u/fO{
cfjZostf cg';f/ 5'f5'} jf ;fd'lxs ?kdf 5nkmn ug{ u/fpg ;Sg] 5 .
-$_ pkbkmf -#_ jdf]lhd 5nkmnsf] nflu cfof]un] tf]s]sf] ldlt / ;dodf cfof]u ;dIf pkl:yt x'g'
/ 5nkmndf ;xefuL x'g' ;DjlGwt kIfsf] st{Jo x'g] 5 .
-%_ pkbkmf -#_ jdf]lhd 5nkmn ubf{ jf d]nldnfk k|s[of ;~rfng ubf{ kLl8t / kL8sn] cfkm"n]
/f]h]sf] sfg"g Joj;foL / ljZjf; u/]sf] s'g} Ps JolQm ;d]tsf] ;xof]u lng;Sg] 5 .
-^_ b]xfosf] cj:yfdf dfq cfof]un] kLl8t / kL8saLr d]nldnfk u/fpg ;Sg] 5M
-s_ kLl8t / kL8ssf] d~h'/L ePsf]df,
-v_ kL8sn] b]xfosf] ;t{ k'/f u/]sf]dfM
-!_ ;z:q Gsf] qmddf cfkm"af6 ePsf] sfd sf/jfxLsf] ;DjGwdf cfkm"nfO{ yfxf eP;Ddsf] ;To tYo
;lxtsf] k"0f{ ljj/0f cfof]u ;dIf kLl8tsf] pkl:yltdf k|s6 u/]sf],
-@_ cfkm"af6 unt sfd ePsf]df kZrftfk u/]sf],
-#_ eljiodf To:tf] sfo{ gbf]xf]/fpg] k|ltj4tf AoQm u/]sf],
-$_ kLl8t;+u lrTt a'em\bf] 9+un] dflkm dfu]sf],
-%_ kLl8tnfO{ x'g uPsf] Iflt afkt cfof]un] tf]s]sf] dgfl;j Ifltk'lt{ kLl8tnfO{ pknAw u/fPsf] .
-&_ kLl8tsf] d[To' e};s]sf] jf kLl8t gfjfns jf dfgl;s ?kn] c:j:y ePsf] cj:yfdf cfof]un]
kLl8tsf] kl/jf/ / kL8s;Fu o; bkmf adf]]lhd d]nldnfk u/fpg ;Sg]5 .
-*_ o; P]g jdf]lhd kL8s / kLl8taLr d]nldnfk ePsf]df ;f]xL ljifodf cfof]un] sf/jfxLsf] nflu
bkmf @% jdf]lhd l;kmfl/; ug]{ 5}g .

28

@&= d]nldnfksf] nflu pTk|]l/t ug{ ;Sg]M bkmf @^ sf] pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg
d]nldnfk u/fpg] ;DaGwdf kL8s / kLl8tnfO{ pTk|]l/t ug{sf] nflu cfof]un] b]xfosf] sfd ug{ jf
u/fpg ;Sg]5M
-s_ ;z:q Gu|:t 7fpFx?df kL8s / kLl8t tyf lghsf kl/jf/nfO{ ;lDdlnt u/fO{ d]nldnfk ;df/f]x
cfof]hgf ug{,
-v_ kL8s / kLl8t tyf lghsf kl/jf/sf] ;+nUgtfdf ;z:q Gsf] qmddf d/]sf JolQmx?sf] ;Demgf:j?k
k|ltdf lgdf{0f ug{ jf :tDe v8f ug{ nufpg,
-u_ d]nldnfk ;DaGwL laleGg n]v, /rgf, lgaGw, uLt, lrq cflb k|sfzg ug{,
-3_ ;fdflhs tyf ;fd'bflos ;b\efj a9fpg,
-_ cGo pko'Qm sfo{ ug{ .
@*= Ifdfbfgsf] nflu l;kmfl/z ug{ ;Sg]M -!_ bkmf @% df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg ;dfhdf ;b\efj
;lxi0f'tf / eft[Tj k|j4{g u/L lbuf] zfGtL sfod ug]{ p2]Zon] ;+qmd0fsfnLg Gofosf l;4fGt / dfgj
clwsf/sf] ljZjJofkL dfGotfnfO{ b[li6ut u/L kL8snfO{ Ifdbfg lbg dgfl;j b]lvPdf cfof]un] o;
P]gsf] clwgdf /xL Ifdfbfgsf] nflu g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/z ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg cfof]un] b]xfosf] ck/fwdf ;+nUg JolQmnfO{
Ifdfbfgsf] nflu l;kmfl/; ug]{ 5}gM
-s_ cfkm\gf] lgoGq0f jf sAhfdf lnO{ ul/Psf] h'g;'s} lsl;dsf] xTof,
-v_ lgMz:q JolQmsf] xTof,
-u_ oftgf,
-3_ hj/h:tL s/0fL,
-_ JolQm j]kQf kfg]{,
-r_ ckx/0f tyf z/L/ aGws .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd cfof]un] s'g} JolQmnfO{ Ifdfbfgsf] nflu l;kmfl/z ug'{ cl3 To:tf] JolQmn]
cfof]un] tf]s]sf] Dofb leq cfof]u ;dIf lnlvt lgj]bg lbPsf] x'g' kg]{5 .
-$_ pkbkmf -#_ jdf]lhd lgj]bg lb+bf b]xfosf s'/fx? v'nfO{ ePsf] ;To tYo ljj/0f cfof]u ;dIf
k|s6 u/]sf] x'g' kg]{ 5M
-s_ ;z:q Gsf] qmddf cfkm"af6 ePsf] sfd sf/jfxLsf] ;DjGwdf cfkm"nfO{ yfxf eP;Ddsf] ;To tYo
;lxtsf] k"0f{ ljj/0f,
29

-v_ cfkm"af6 unt sfd ePsf]df kZrftfk,


-u_ eljiodf To:tf] sfo{ gbf]xf]/fpg] k|ltj4tf,
-3_ kLl8t;+u dflkm dfUg tof/ /x]sf] 3f]if0ff,
-%_ pkbkmf -#_ jdf]lhd lgj]bg k/]sf]df cfof]un] ;f] ljifodf kLl8t;+u ;xdlt lng' kg]{5 .
-^_ pkbkmf -%_ jdf]lhd kLl8t;+u ;xdlt ln+bf kLl8tn] Ifdfbfgsf] ;DjGwdf cfgf] wf/0ff lnlvt
jf df}lvs ?kdf k|s6 ug{ ;Sg] 5 / To:tf] wf/0ffnfO{ cfof]un] clen]vg ug'{ kg]{5 .
-&_ pkbkmf -%_ jdf]lhd kLl8t;+u ;xdlt lnPkl5 cfof]un] To:tf] JolQmnfO{ Ifdfbfg ug{ dgfl;j
b]v]df To;sf] kof{Kt cfwf/ / sf/0f v'nfO{ g]kfn ;/sf/ ;dIf l;kmfl/; ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-*_ cfof]un] Ifdfbfgsf] lgldQ l;kmfl/; u/]sf] JolQmnfO{ g]kfn ;/sf/n] Ifdfbfg lbg pko'Qm x'g]
7x/fPdf Ifdfbfgsf] nflu /fi6klt ;dIf l;kmfl/; ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-(_ cfof]un] Ifdfbfgsf] lgldQ l;kmfl/; u/]sf] JolQmn] Ifdfbfg gkfPdf lgh pk/ sfg"g jdf]lhd
d'2f rnfpg dxfGofoflwjQmsf] sfof{nodf n]lv k7fpg' kg]{5 .
-!)_ cfof]un] Ifdfbfgsf] lgldQ l;kmfl/; u/]sf] JolQmn] Ifdfbfg kfPdf To:tf] JolQmsf] gfd g]kfn
/fhkqdf k|sfzg ul/g]5 .
@(= ;DkQL lkmtf{ ug{ nufpg]M o; P]g jdf]lhd ul/Psf] 5fgljg af6 s;}n] kLl8tsf] s'g} ;DklQ sAhf jf
hkmt ul/Psf] b]lvPdf cfof]un] To:tf] ;DklQ ;DjlGwt JolQm af6 lkmtf{ ug{ nufpg]5 .
#)= k|ltj]bg k]z ug]{M -!_ cfof]un] o; P]g adf]lhd 5fgljg ul/;s]kl5 b]xfosf] s'/fx? v'nfO{ g]kfn
;/sf/ ;dIf k|ltj]bg k]z ug'{ kg]{5 M
-s_ cfof]uaf6 5fgljg ul/Psf / tfd]nLdf /flvPsf ph'/L ;DaGwL ljj/0f,
-v_ 5fgljgaf6 kQf nfu]sf] jf:tljs ;To tYo ;DaGwL ljj/0f,
-u_ bkmf @$ adf]lhdsf] kl/k'/0fsf] l;kmfl/; ;DjGwL ljj/0f,
-3_ bkmf @^ adf]lhd kLl8t / kL8s aLr cfof]uaf6 d]nldnfk u/fO{Psf] ljj/0f,
-_ bkmf @* adf]lhd Ifdfbfgsf] nflu kL8sn] cfof]u ;dIf k|s6 u/]sf] ;To tYo ;lxtsf] k"0f{ ljj/0f
-r_ bkmf @* adf]lhd Ifdfbfgsf] nflu g]kfn ;/sf/ ;dIf ul/Psf] l;kmfl/;sf] ljj/0f,
-5_ bkmf @% adf]lhd cfjZos sf/afxLsf] nflu l;kmfl/; ul/Psf] ljifo,
-5_ ;z:q Gsf qmddf Gsf] qmddf ePsf dfgj clwsf/sf] u+le/ pNn\3g jf dfgjtf lj?4sf] ck/fw
;DjGwL 36gf x'g'sf] cGt/lglxt sf/0f / eljiodf To:tf 36gf bf]xf]l/g glbgsf nflu ul/g' kg]{
cfjZos gLltut, sfg"gL, ;+:yfut, k|zf;lgs / Jofjxfl/s ;'wf/sf ljifo,
30

-h_ k|ltj]bg sfof{Gjog ug{ s'g} sfg"g agfpg cfjZos ePdf ;f] ljifo,
-em_ dfgj clwsf/sf] k|a4{g, Gofo k|0ffnLsf] ;'b[9Ls/0f tyf ;dfhdf d]nldnfksf] jftfj/0f ;[hgf ug{]
;DaGwdf g]kfn ;/sf/n] tTsfn tyf eljiodf cjnDjg ug'{ kg]{ s'/fx?,
-`_ cfof]un] pko'Qm ;Dem]sf cGo s'/fx? .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg cfof]un] o; P]g adf]lhd 5fgljg u/]sf] ljifodf
;do ;dodf g]kfn ;/sf/ ;dIf cGtl/d k|ltj]bg k]z ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd k|fKt ePsf] k|ltj]bg g]kfn ;/sf/n] ;fj{hgLs u/L Joj:yflksf;+;b\sf]
clwj]zg j;]sf] kGw| lbg leq Joj:yflksf;+;b\ ;dIf k]z ug]{5 .
kl/R5]b$
k|ltj]bgsf] sfof{Gjog tyf cg'udg
#!= k|ltj]bg sfof{Gjog ug]{ lhDd]jf/LM -!_ bkmf #) adf]lhd cfof]un] lbPsf] k|ltj]bgdf plNnlvt l;kmfl/;
sfof{Gjog ug]{ u/fpg] lhDd]jf/L dGqfnosf] x'g]5 .
-@_ dGqfnon] cfof]usf] k|ltj]bgdf pNn]lvt l;kmfl/; dWo] b]xfosf s'/fx? sfof{Gjog ug{sf]
nflu b]xfo adf]lhd ug]{5M
-s_ bkmf @$ df pNn]lvt l;kmfl/; sfof{Gjog ug{sf] nflu g]kfn ;/sf/, dlGqkl/ifb\df n]vL k7fpg],
-v_ k|ltj]bgdf pNn]lvt l;kmfl/; sfof{Gjog ug{ sfg"g lgdf{0f ug'{ kg{] ePdf cfjZos sfg"g lgdf{0f ug]{
tk{m sf/afxL ug]{,
-u_ cfof]usf] k|ltj]bg sfof{Gjog ug{ pko'Qm ;De]msf] cGo sfd ug]{ u/fpg] .
-#_ dGqfnon] bkmf #) sf] pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -r_, -5_ / -h_ df plNnlvt l;kmfl/; k|fyldstf
tf]sL qmdzM sfof{Gjog ug]{5 .
#@= d'2f bfo/ ug]{ ;DaGwL Aoj:yfM -!_ bkmf @^ jdf]lhd cfof]un] u/]sf] l;kmfl/; k|fKt ePkl5 kL8s lj?2
d'2f rnfpg cfjZos k|df0f k'u]sf] ePdf dxfGofoflwjQmf jf lghn] tf]s]sf] ;/sf/L jlsnn] To:tf]
AolQm pk/ oyfl;3| ;DalGwt lhNnf cbfntdf d'2f rnfpg' kg]{5 .
-@_ cfof]usf] l;kmfl/; adf]lhd d'2f rnfpg] ;DjGwdf yk cg';Gwfg txlssft u/L ;j'b k|df0f
;+sng ug'{kg]{ cj:yf ePdf ;f]xL Joxf]/f v'nfO{ dxfGofoflwjQmf jf lghn] tf]s]sf] ;/sf/L jlsnn]
;DjlGwt cg';Gwfg ug]{ lgsfodf k7fpg' kg]{ 5 .

31

-#_ pkbkmf -@_ jdf]lhd n]lvcfPdf ;DjlGwt lgsfon] oyfl;3| k|rlnt sfg"g jdf]lhd cg';Gwfg
txlssft u/L cfgf] /fo ;lxtsf] k|ltj]bg dxfGofoflwjQm jf lghn] tf]s]sf] ;/sf/L jlsn ;dIf
k7fpg' kg]{ 5 .
##= d'2f bfo/ ug]{ xbDofbM k|rlnt sfg"gdf h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg bkmf #@ jdf]lhd d'2f bfo/
ug{ xbDofb nfUg] 5}g .
#$= sfg"g jgfO d'2f rnfpg jfwf gkg]{M cfof]usf] l;kmfl/; jdf]lhd ;z:q Gsf] qmddf dfgj clwsf/sf]
u+le/ pN\3g ug]{ jf dfgjtf lj?4sf] ck/fwdf ;DnUg b]lvPsf JolQm lj?4 tTsfn d'2f rnfpg
sfg"gsf] cefj ePsf] cj:yfdf ;f] ;DjGwdf cfjZos sfg"g alg;s]kl5 To:tf] AolQm pk/ d'2f
rnfpg afwf k/]sf] dflgg] 5}g .
#%= cfof]un] lbPsf] k|ltj]bgsf] cg'udgM -!_ cfof]usf] k|ltj]bgdf plNnlvt l;kmfl/;x? sfof{Gjog eP
gePsf] ;DaGwdf cg'udg ug]{ sfd /fli6o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]un] ug]{5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd cg'udg ubf{ dGqfnon] cfof]usf]] k|ltj]bgdf plNnlvt l;kmfl/; sfof{Gjog
u/] u/fPsf] gb]lvPdf /fli6o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]un] ;f] l;kmfl/; sof{Gjog ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{
Wofgfsif{0f u/fpg ;Sg]5 / To;/L Wofgfsif{0f u/fPsf ljifo g]kfn ;/sf/n] oyfzL3| sfof{Gjog ug]{
u/fpg]5 .
kl/R5]b%
ljljw
#^= k|lts'n c;/ k/]sf] gdflgg]M o; P]g k|f/De x'Fbfsf avt k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd s'g} cbfntdf bfo/
ePsf] jf cbfntaf6 lg0f{o e};s]sf] d'2fdf o; P]gdf n]lvPsf] s'g}klg s'/fn] k|lts'n c;/ k/]sf]
dflgg] 5}g .
#&= cbfntdf cg'dltsf] nflu lgj]bg lbg ;Sg]M -!_ bkmf #! df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg o; P]g
k|/De x'Fbfsf avt ;z:q Gsf qmddf ePsf 36gf;Fu ;DjlGwt s'g} d'2f s'g} cbfntdf ljrf/flwg
/x]sf]df cfof]un] ;f] d'2fdf 7x/ ug'{ kg]{ k|Zgx? afx]s 36gfsf] cGo ljifodf cfof]uaf6 5fgljg x'g
cg'dlt dfu u/L cbfntdf lgj]bg lbg ;Sg] 5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ jdf]lhd lgj]bg lbPsf]df ;+jlGwt cbfntn] pQm lgj]bg pk/ ;'g'jfO u/L d'2fdf 7x/
ug'{kg]{ k|Zg jfx]s 36gfsf] cGo ljifodf cfof]uaf6 5fgljg ug{ dgfl;j b]v]df 5fgljgsf] nflu
cfof]unfO{ cg'dlt lbg ;Sg] 5 .

32

-#_ pkbkmf -@_ jdf]lhd cg'dlt k|fKt ePsf]df cfof]un] cbfntsf] cfb]z jdf]lhd 5fgljg u/L
kLl8tnfO{ kl/k'/0f k|bfg ug]{ ;DjGwdf g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ cfjZos l;kmfl/; ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-$_ pkbkmf -@_ jdf]lhd cg'dlt lbPsf] sf/0fn] ;f] d'2fsf] k|rlnt sfg"g jdf]lhd sf/jfxL / lsgf/f
ug{ afwf k'u]sf] dflgg] 5}g .
#*= 5fgljgsf] nflu cfof]udf k7fpg ;Sg]M -!_ o; P]g k|f/De x'Fbfsf avt k|rlnt sfg"g jdf]lhd
cg';Gwfg ug]{] clwsf/ k|fKt lgsfo jf clwsf/L ;dIf hfx]/L b/vf:t jf ph'/L k/L cg';Gwfgsf] qmddf
/x]sf] s'g} 36gfsf] ;DjGwdf cf/f]lkt JolQmn] pQm 36gf ;z:q G ;Fu ;DjlGwt /x]sf] cfwf/ /
sf/0f v'nfO{ cfof]uaf6 5fgljg u/L kfpF elg To:tf] lgsfo jf clwsf/L ;dIf lnlvt lgj]bg lbg
;Sg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ jdf]lhd lgj]bg k/]sf]df cg';Gwfg ug]{ lgsfo jf clwsf/Ln] ;f] lgj]bg hfFrj'em ubf{
k|yd b[li6df g} ;z:q G;Fu ;DjlGwt /x]sf] 36gf b]lvPdf cfof]udf 5fgljgsf] nflu k7fpg pko'Qm
x'g] sf/0f v'nfO{ ;DjlGwt ;/sf/L jlsn ;dIf cg'dltsf] nflu dfu ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ jdf]lhd cg'dltsf] dfu ePsf]df ;DjlGwt ;/sf/L jlsnn] To:tf] 36gf cfof]uaf6
5fgljg x'g pko'Qm b]v]df ;f] sf] sf/0f v'nfO{ cfof]udf 5fgljgsf] nflu k7fpg cg'dlt lbg ;Sg]5 .
-$_ pkbkmf -#_ jdf]lhd cg'dlt k|fKt ePsf]df cg';Gwfg ug]{ lgsfo jf clwsf/Ln] ;f] 36gfsf
;DjGwdf 5fgljg ug{ cfof]udf k7fpg' kg]{5 .
#(= pk;ldlt jf sfo{6f]nL u7g ug{ ;Sg]M -!_ cfof]un] cfkm\gf] sfd sf/afxL ;'rf? ?kn] ug{sf] nflu
;DalGwt If]qsf lj1x? ;dfj]z u/L cfjZostfg';f/ ljleGg pk;ldlt jf sfo{6f]nL u7g ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd ul7t pk;ldlt jf sfo{6f]nLsf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/, sfof{jlw, ;f]
pk;ldlt jf sfo{6f]nLsf ;b:on] kfpg] ;'ljwf tyf cGo Joj:yf cfof]un] tf]lslbP adf]lhd x'g]5 .
$)= ljz]if1sf] ;]jf lng ;Sg]M -!_ cfof]un] o; P]g adf]lhd s'g} sfd ug{sf] nflu cfjZostfg';f/
;DalGwt ljifosf :jb]zL tyf lab]zL ljz]if1 jf ljlzi6Ls[t lgsfosf] ;]jf lng ;Sg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd ;]jf k|bfg ug]{ ljz]if1 tyf ljlzi6Ls[t lgsfosf] lgo'lQm, sfd,st{Jo /
clwsf/, ;]jfsf] zt{ tyf ;'ljwf cfof]un] tf]s] adf]lhd x'g]5 .
-#_ cfof]unfO{ s'g} lgsfo jf ;+:yfsf] ;]jf cfjZos k/]df k|rlnt sfg"gdf h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf]
ePtfklg ;DalGwt lgsfo jf ;+:yfn] cof]uaf6 dfu eP adf]lhdsf] ;]jf cfof]unfO{ pknAw u/fpg'
kg]{5 .

33

$!= sfd sf/afxL ug{ afwf gkg]{M cfof]usf] s'g} ;b:osf] kb l/Qm ePsf] sf/0fn] dfq cfof]un] sfd
sf/afxL ug{ s'g} afwf kg]{ 5}g .
$@= clwsf/ k|Tofof]hgM -!_ cfof]un] o; P]g adf]lhd cfkm"nfO{ k|fKt ePsf] clwsf/dWo] cfjZostfg';f/
s]xL clwsf/ cWoIf, ;b:o, ;lrj jf bkmf #( adf]lhd ul7t pk;ldlt jf sfo{6f]nLnfO{ k|Tofof]hg
ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg d]nldnfk u/fpg], kL8snfO{ sf/jfxL ug{,
Ifdfbfg ug{ jf kLl8tnfO{ kl/k"/0fsf] l;kmfl/z ug]{ ;DaGwdf cfof]unfO{ ePsf] clwsf/ k|Tofof]hg x'g
;Sg] 5}g .
$#= cfof]un] 5fgljg gug{]M o; P]gdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg JolQm a]kQf kfg{] ;DaGwdf
k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd 5fgljg cfof]u u7g eO{ 5fgljg ePsf]df ;f] ljifo pk/ o; P]g adf]lhd
cfof]un] 5fgljg ug{] 5}g .
t/ JolQm a]kQf kfg{] ;DaGwdf k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd ul7t cfof]u / o; P]g adf]lhdsf] cfof]u
aLr cfjZos ;"rgf cfbfg k|bfg ug{ o; bkmfn] s'g} afwf kf/]sf] dflgg] 5}g .
$$= cfof]usf] sfof{jlwM -!_ cfof]usf] sfof{jlw cfof]u u7g ePsf] ldltn] b'O{ jif{sf] x'g]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg ;f] pkbkmfdf plNnlvt cjlwleq cfof]un]
cfkm\gf] sfd ;DkGg ug{ g;s]sf] sf/0f ;d]t v'nfO{ yk Dofb dfu u/]df g]kfn ;/sf/n] cfof]usf]
sfof{jlw Ps jif{;Ddsf] nflu yk ug{ ;Sg]5 .
$%= cfof]usf] lj36gM -!_ cfof]un] o; P]g adf]lhd cfkm\gf] sfd ;DkGg u/]df jf bkmf #^ adf]lhd
cfof]usf] sfof{jlw ;dfKt ePdf cfof]u lj36g x'g]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd cfof]u lj36g ePdf cfof]usf] gfddf /x]sf] ;DklQ tyf bfloTj dGqfnodf
;g]{5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd cfof]u lj36g x'g] ePdf cfof]un] cfkm\gf] lhDdfdf /x]sf] clen]v dGqfnodf
a'emfpg' kg{]5 .
-$_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd cfof]u lj36g ePdf cfof]udf sfo{/t sd{rf/Lx? cfkm\gf] ;fljssf]
sfof{nodf lkmtf{ x'g]5g\ / s/f/df sd{rf/L lgo'Qm ePsf] eP :jtM kbaf6 x6\g]5g\ .
$^= zkyM cfkm\gf] sfo{ef/ ;DxfNg' cl3 cWoIfn] k|wfg GofofwLz ;dIf / ;b:on] cWoIf;Fu cg';"rL
adf]lhdsf] 9fFrfdf zky ug'{ kg]{5 .

34

$&= afwf c8\sfp k'msfpg] clwsf/M -!_ o; P]g sfof{Gjog ug]{ l;nl;nfdf s'g} afwf c8\sfp cfOk/]df
cfof]usf] k/fdz{df g]kfn ;/sf/n] g]kfn /fhkqdf ;"rgf k|sfzg u/L afwf c8\sfp k'msfpg cfb]z
hf/L ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd hf/L ePsf] cfb]z g]kfn ;/sf/n] tTsfn a;]sf] Joj:yflksf;+;bdf k]z
ug'{ kg]{5 .
$*= g]kfn ;/sf/;Fu ;Dks{M cfof]un] g]kfn ;/sf/;Fu ;Dks{ /fVbf dGqfno dfkm{t /fVg' kg]{5 .
$(= lgod agfpg] clwsf/M o; P]gsf] p2]Zo sfof{Gjog ug{ cfof]un]] cfjZos lgod agfpg ;Sg]5 .
To:tf] lgod g]kfn /fhkqdf k|sfzg ul/g] 5 .
%)= lgb]{lzsf agfpg ;Sg]M cfof]usf] l;kmfl/; adf]lhd kLl8tnfO{ kl/k'/0fsf] Joj:yf ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/n]
cfjZos lgb]{lzsf agfO{ nfu" ug{ ;Sg]5 .

35

cg';"rL
-bkmf $^ ;Fu ;DalGwt_
zky
d =======================================================;To lgi7fk"j{s k|lt1f u5{'= O{Zj/sf] gfddf ;ky lnG5'
ls g]kfnL hgtf / k|rlnt ;+ljwfg tyf cGo sfg"g k|lt lgi7fjfg /xL cfkm"n] u|x0f u/]sf]
cWoIf;b:o kbsf] lhDd]jf/L / st{Jo s;}sf] 8/, df]nflxhf, kIfkft, ]if jf nf]edf gk/L OdfGbf/L;fy
kfng ug]{5' / cfkm\gf] st{Jo kfngsf] l;nl;nfdf cfkm"nfO{ 1ft x'g cfPsf] s'/f k|rlnt sfg"gsf]
kfngf ubf{ afx]s cfkm" axfn /x]sf] jf g/x]sf] s'g} klg cj:yfdf k|s6 ug]{ 5}g .

ldltM

b:tvtM

36

^= a]kQf kfl/Psf AolQmx?sf] 5fgljg cfof]usf] ;DjGwdf Joj:yf ug{ jg]sf] ljw]os
k|:tfjgfM ;z:q Gsf] qmddf a]kQf kfl/Psf AolQmx?sf] 5fgljg u/L To:tf] 36gf / 36gfdf ;+nUg
AolQmsf] ;DjGwdf ;To cGj]if0f / clen]vg u/L jf:tljs tYo ;fj{hlgs ug{,
kLl8tsf] Gofo k|fKt ug]{ clwsf/lsf] ;Ddfg / ;+/If0f u/L kL8snfO{ sfg"gsf] bfo/fleq NofO{
b08lxgtfsf] cGTo ug{, eljiodf To:tf] sfd gbf]xf]l/g] ;'lglZrttf k|bfg ug{ / To:tf] sfo{ u/]df
sfg"g jdf]lhd sf/jfxL x'g] tkm{ ;j}nfO{ ;ts{ u/fpg /
;+qmd0fsfnLg Gofosf dfGo l;4fGtnfO{ cfTd;ft ub}{ kLl8tnfO{ kl/k"/0fsf] Aoj:yf u/L kLl8t /
kL8saLrsf] ;xdltdf d]nldnfk u/L ;b\efj, ;lxi0f'tf / eft[Tjsf] efjgf k|j4{g ub}{ ;dfhdf lbuf]
zflGt sfod ug{ Ps :jtGq ;Ifd / lgikIf j]kQf kfl/Psf AolQmx?sf] 5fgljg cfof]usf] :yfkgf ug{
jfG5gLo ePsf]n],
g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^# sf] 3f/f *# sf] pkwf/f -!_ jdf]lhd Aoj:yflksf;+;b\sf]
x}l;otdf ;+ljwfg ;efn] of] P]g jgfPsf] 5 .
kl/R5]b !
k|f/lDes
!= ;+lIfKt gfd / k|f/DeM -!_ o; P]gsf] gfd ;z:q Gsf] qmddf j]kQf kfl/Psf AolQmx?sf] 5fgljg
cfof]u P]g, @)&) /x]sf]5 .
-@_ of] P]g t'?Gt k|f/De x'g]5 .
@= kl/efiffM ljifo jf k|;+un] csf]{ cy{ gnfu]df o; P]gdf
-s_ cWoIf eGgfn] cfof]usf] cWoIf ;Demg'k5{ .
-v_ cfof]u eGgfn] bkmf # jdf]lhd :yfkgf ePsf] ;z:q Gsf] qmddf a]kQf kfl/Psf AolQmx?sf] 5fgljg
cfof]u ;+emg' k5{ .
-u_ ph'/L eGgfn] lgj]bg ;d]tnfO{ hgfpF5 .
-3_ tf]lsPsf] jf tf]lsPjdf]lhd eGgfn] o; P]g cGtu{t jg]sf] lgoddf tf]lsPsf] jf tf]lsP jdf]lhd
;+emg' k5{ .
-_ kl/k"/0f eGgfn] bkmf @$ jdf]lhd kLl8tnfO{ pknAw u/fOg] k'g:yfkgf, k'g/pb\bf/, /fxt, Ifltk"tL{,
;'ljwf jf ;x'lnot ;+emg'k5{ .

37

-r_ kl/jf/ eGgfn] kLl8tsf] klt, kTgL, 5f]/f, 5f]/L, afa', cfdf, ;f;', ;;'/f, afh], aHo}, gftL, gfltgL jf
;uf]nsf] bfh' efO{ jf lbbL, alxgL ;+emg' k5{ .
-5_ kL8s eGgfn] ;z:q Gsf] qmddf AolQm a]kQf kfg]{ sfo{ ug]{ AolQm ;+emg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] To:tf]
sfo{ ug{ cfb]z lbg], kl/k~r ug]{, dltof/ aGg] jf kL8snfO{ jrfpg] lgotn] eufpg], n'sfpg] jf
cf>o lbg] AolQmnfO{ ;d]t hgfpF5 .
-h_ kLl8t eGgfn] ;z:q Gsf] qmddf a]kQf kfl/Psf] AolQm ;+emg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] lghsf] kl/jf/sf]
;b:onfO{ ;d]t hgfpF 5 .
-em_ dGqfno eGgfn] zflGt tyf k'glg{df{0f dGqfno ;+emg' k5{ .
-`_ ;lrj eGgfn] cfof]usf] ;lrj ;+emg' k5{ .
-6_ ;b:o eGgfn] cfof]usf] ;b:o ;+emg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] cWoIfnfO{ ;d]t hgfpF5 .
-7_ ;z:q G eGgfn] ;Djt\ @)%@ ;fn kmfu'g ! ut] b]lv @)^# ;fn d+l;/ % ut] ;Dd /fHo kIf /
tTsflng g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ -dfcf]jfbL_ aLr ePsf] ;z:q G ;+emg' k5{ .
kl/R5]b @
cfof]usf] :yfkgf tyf u7g
#= cfof]usf] :yfkgfM ;z:q Gsf] qmddf a]kQf kfl/Psf AolQm / To:tf] 36gf Pj+ 36gfdf ;+nUg AolQmsf]
;DjGwdf 5fgljg, ;To cGj]if0f / clen]vg u/L af:tljs tYo ;fj{hlgs ug{, kL8snfO{ sfg"gsf]
bfo/fleq NofO{ b08lxgtfsf] cGTo ug]{ / kLl8tnfO{ kl/k'/0fsf] Aoj:yf ug]{ ;DjGwdf l;kmfl/; ;lxtsf]
k|ltj]bg k]z ug{ / kLl8t / kL8saLrsf] ;xdltdf ;+qmd0fsfnLg Gofosf dfGo l;4fGt jdf]lhd
d]nldnfk u/fpg] p2]Zo ;d]tsf] nflu Ps pRr:t/Lo ;z:q Gsf] qmddf a]kQf kfl/Psf AolQmx?sf]
5fgljg cfof]usf] :yfkgf ul/Psf]5 .
$= cfof]usf] u7gM -!_ g]kfn ;/sf/n] g]kfn /fhkqdf ;"rgf k|sfzg u/L cWoIf ;lxt a9Ldf kfFr hgf
;b:ox? /xg] u/L cfof]usf] u7g ug]{ 5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd cfof]u u7g ubf{ dlxnf ;lxt ljljwtf sfod ug'{kg]{ 5 .
-#_ cWoIf tyf ;b:osf] lgo'lQmsf] nflu l;kmfl/; ug{ b]xfo jdf]lhdsf] Ps l;kmfl/; ;ldlt /xg] 5M
-

k"j{ k|wfg Gofoflwzx?dWo]af6 g]kfn ;/sf/n] tf]s]sf]

s_

AolQm

/fli6o dfgjclwsf/ cfof]usf] cWoIf jf lghn] tf]s]sf]

v_

;f] cfof]usf] ;b:o

;b:o
38

cWoIf

dfgjclwsf/ jfbL, dgf]lj1fj]Qf, sfg"gljb, ljlw

u_

lj1fgj]Qf, Gljb, G kLl8t, ;dfhzf:qL, dlxnf


clwsf/sdL{ jf zflGt k|lqmofdf ;+nUg AolQmx?dWo]af6

;b:o

g]kfn ;/sf/n] dgf]gog u/]sf] Pshgf


-$_ pkbkmf -#_ jdf]lhdsf] l;kmfl/; ;ldltn] o; P]g adf]lhd cWoIf / ;b:o x'g of]Uo
AolQmx?dWo]af6 cWoIf tyf ;b:osf] gfd lgo'lQmsf] nflu l;kmfl/; ug]{5 .
-%_ pkbkmf -#_ jdf]lhdsf] l;kmfl/; ;ldltn] cWoIf tyf ;b:osf] gfd l;kmfl/; ug'{ cl3 lghx?sf]
;fj{hlgs 5gf}6 k|lqmof lgwf{/0f u/L ;fj{hlgs ?kdf k|sfzg ug]{5 .
-^_ cfof]usf] s]Gb|Lo sfof{no sf7df08f} pkTosfdf /xg] 5 / cfjZostfg';f/ cfof]un] g]kfn leq
ljleGg :yfgdf sfof{no :yfkgf ug{ ;Sg] 5 .
%= cWoIf tyf ;b:osf] of]UotfM b]xfosf] AolQm cWoIf tyf ;b:osf] kbdf lgo'lQmsf] nflu of]Uo x'g]5 M
-s_ dfGotf k|fKt lzIf0f ;+:yfaf6 slDtdf :gftsf]kflw xfl;n u/]sf],
-v_ lgo'lQm x'Fbfsf jvt s'g} klg /fhgLlts bn jf To;sf] e|flq ;+u7gsf] ;b:o g/x]sf],
-u_ pRr g}lts rl/q ePsf],
-3_ dfgjclwsf/, zflGt, sfg"g, G Aoj:yfkg jf ;dfhzf:qsf] If]qdf sfd u/]sf],
-_ kf}+lt; jif{ pd]/ k'/f ePsf],
-r_ cWoIfsf] xsdf ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf] Gofoflwzsf] kbdf sfd ul/;s]sf] .
^= cWoIf tyf ;b:osf] nflu cof]UotfM b]xfosf] AolQm cWoIf tyf ;b:osf] kbdf lgo'lQmsf] nflu cof]Uo
dflgg]5 M
-s_ u}/g]kfnL gful/s,
-v_ g}lts ktg b]lvg] kmf}hbf/L cleof]udf cbfntaf6 s;'/bf/ 7xl/Psf],
-u_ ;z:qGdf ;+nUg /x]sf],
-3_ dfgjclwsf/sf] u+le/ pN\3g ;DjGwL s;'/df ;Fhfo kfPsf],
-_ dfgjclwsf/sf] pN\3g ;DjGwL s;'/df sf/jfxLsf] nflu /fli6o dfgjclwsf/ cfof]uaf6 l;kmfl/;
ePsf],
-r_ ;fj{hlgs hjfkmb]lxsf] kbdf jxfn /x]sf] .
&= kbfjwLM -!_ bkmf #( jdf]lhd cfof]u lj36g geP;Dd cWoIf tyf ;b:ox? cfgf] kbdf jxfn /xg]
5g\ .
39

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg cWoIf jf s'g} ;b:on] OdfGbf/Lk"j{s kbLo st{Jo
kfngf gu/]sf], lghdf sfo{Ifdtfsf] cefj ePsf] jf lgh v/fj cfr/0fdf nfu]sf] cf/f]kdf lghnfO{
kbd'Qm ug{sf] nflu Joj:yflksf;+;b\sf] cGt//fli6o ;DaGw tyf dfgj clwsf/ ;ldltdf k|:t't ePsf]
k|:tfj ;f] ;ldltdf tTsfn sfod /x]sf ;Dk"0f{ ;b:o ;\Vofsf] sDtLdf b'O{ ltxfO{ ax'dtaf6 kfl/t
ePdf lgh :jtM cfkm" axfn /x]sf] kbaf6 x6\g]5 .
t/ To:tf] cf/f]k nfu]sf] cWoIf jf ;b:onfO{ ;kmfO{ k]z ug]{ df}sfaf6 jl~rt ul/g] 5}g .
*= kb l/Qm x'g] cj:yfM -!_ b]xfosf] cj:yfdf cWoIf jf ;b:osf] kb l/Qm ePsf] dflgg]5 M
-s_ lghn] k|wfgdGqL ;dIf cfkm\gf] kbaf6 /fhLgfdf lbPdf,
-v_ bkmf ^ adf]lhd lgh cfkm\gf] kbdf axfn /xg cof]Uo ePdf,
-u_ bkmf & sf] pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd lgh cfkm" axfn /x]sf] kbaf6 x6]df,
-3_ lghsf] d[To' ePdf .
-@_ cWoIf jf ;b:osf] kb s'g} sf/0fn] l/Qm ePdf bkmf $ adf]lhdsf] k|ls|of k"/f u/L k"lt{ ul/g]5 .
(= cWoIf tyf ;b:osf] ;]jf zt{M -!_ cWoIf tyf ;b:o cfof]usf] k"/f ;do sfd ug]{ kbflwsf/L x'g]5g\ .
-@_ cWoIf tyf ;b:osf] kfl/>lds / ;'ljwf qmdzM /fli6o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]usf cWoIf tyf
;b:o ;/x x'g]5 .
!)= cfof]usf] a}7s / lg0f{oM -!_ cfof]usf] a}7s cfjZostfg';f/ a:g]5 .
-@_ cfof]usf] a}7s cWoIfn] tf]s]sf] :yfg, ldlt / ;dodf a:g]5 .
-#_ cfof]usf] s'n ;b:o ;\Vofsf] krf; k|ltzteGbf a9L ;b:ox? pkl:yt ePdf cfof]usf] a}7ssf]
nflu u0fk"/s ;\Vof k'u]sf] dflgg]5 .
-$_ cfof]usf] a}7ssf] cWoIftf cWoIfn] / lghsf] cg'kl:yltdf a}7sdf pkl:yt ;b:ox?dWo] jl/i7
;b:on] ug]{5 .
-%_ cfof]usf] lg0f{o ;j{;Ddtaf6 ul/g] 5 . o;/L ;j{;Ddtaf6 lg0f{ox'g g;s]df cfof]usf] a}7sdf
ax'dtsf] /fo dfGo x'g]5 / dt a/fa/ ePdf j}7sdf cWoIftf ug]{ JolQmn] lg0ff{os dt lbg]5 .
-^_ cfof]usf] j}7ssf] lg0f{o ;lrjn] k|dfl0ft ug]{5 .
-&_ cfof]un] rfx]df cfof]usf] sfd sf/afxL;Fu ;DalGwt ljifosf lj1nfO{ cfof]usf] a}7sdf
ko{j]Ifssf] ?kdf efu lng cfdGq0f ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-*_ cfof]usf] a}7s ;DaGwL cGo sfo{ljlw cfof]u cfkm}n] lgwf{/0f u/] adf]lhd x'g]5 .

40

!!= ;lrjM g]kfn ;/sf/n] tf]s]sf] jf lgo'Qm u/]sf] g]kfn Gofo ;]jfsf] /fhkqflt k|yd >]0fL jf ;f] eGbf
dflyNnf] >]0fLsf] clws[tn] cfof]usf] ;lrj eO{ sfd ug]{5 .
!@= cfof]usf] sd{rf/LM -!_ cfof]usf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ sd{rf/L g]kfn ;/sf/n] pknAw u/fpg]5 . To;/L
sd{rf/L pknAw u/fpFbf g]kfn ;/sf/n] cfof]u;Fu k/fdz{ ug'{ kg]{5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg cfof]un] dfu u/]sf] ljz]if1 sd{rf/L g]kfn
;/sf/;Fu gePdf jf cfof]un] dfu u/] adf]lhdsf] ;\Vofdf g]kfn ;/sf/n] sd{rf/L pknAw u/fpg
g;s]df cfof]un] s/f/df sd{rf/L lgo'Qm ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd s/f/df lgo'Qm ePsf] sd{rf/Lsf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/, kbfjlw, kfl/>lds
tyf cGo ;'ljwf cfof]un] tf]s] adf]lhd x'g]5 .
t/ To:tf] sd{rf/Lsf] kfl/>lds / ;'ljwf cfof]udf sfo{/t g]kfn ;/sf/sf ;dfg >]0fL jf txsf
sd{rf/Lsf] eGbf a9L x'g] 5}g .
-$_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd cfof]udf sfo{/t sd{rf/Lx?n] cfof]uaf6 tf]s] adf]lhd eQf tyf cGo
;'ljwf kfpg]5g\ .
!#= cfof]usf] ;|f]t ;fwg vr{ tyf n]vf k/LIf0fM -!_ cfof]usf] sfd sf/afxLsf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ ejg,
;|f]t ;fwg tyf cGo vr{sf] Joj:yf g]kfn ;/sf/n] ug]{5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg g]kfn ;/sf/n] pknAw u/fPsf] ;fwg tyf ;|f]t
kof{Kt gePdf cfof]un] cy{ dGqfno;Fu k/fdz{ u/L :jb]zL tyf ljb]zL lgsfo jf ;+:yfaf6 cg'bfg
:j?k cfjZos ;fwg tyf ;|f]t h'6fpg ;Sg]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ jf -@_ adf]lhd cfof]unfO{ k|fKt ePsf] /sd cfof]un] s'g} jfl0fHo a}+sdf vftf vf]nL
hDdf ug{' kg]{5 .
-$_ cfof]usf] ;Dk"0f{ vr{ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhd hDdf ul/Psf] /sdaf6 Aoxf]l/g]5 .
-%_ cfof]un] cfkm\gf] cfo Joosf] n]vf g]kfn ;/sf/n] ckgfPsf] 9fFrfdf k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd /fVg'
kg]{5 / To;sf] cfGtl/s n]vf k/LIf0f u/fpg' kg{]5 .
-^_ cfof]usf] clGtd n]vf k/LIf0f dxfn]vf k/LIfsf/f x'g]5 .
kl/R5]b#
cfof]usf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/
!$= cfof]usf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/M cfof]usf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ b]xfo adf]lhd x'g]5M
41

-s_ ;z:q Gsf] qmddf a]kQf kfl/Psf AolQmx? / To:tf] 36gfsf] ;DjGwdf 5fgljg, ;To cGj]if0f /
clen]vg u/L af:tljs tYo ;fj{hlgs ug]{,
-v_ ;z:q Gsf] qmddf AolQm a]kQf kfg]{ sfo{df ;+nUg /x]sf AolQmx? Plsg ug]{,
-u_ kL8snfO{ sfg"gsf] bfo/fleqNofO sf/jfxL ug{ l;kmfl/; ug]{,
-3_ kLl8tnfO{ pknAw u/fpg' kg]{ kl/k'/0fsf ;DjGwdf l;kmfl/; ug]{,
-_ ;+qmd0fsfnLg Gofosf dfGo l;4fGtnfO{ b[li6ut u/L kLl8t / kL8saLrsf] cfk;L ;xdltdf d]nldnfk
u/fpg],
-r_ ;dfhdf ;b\efj, ;+lxi0f'tf / e|ft[Tjsf] efjgf k|j4{g u/L lbuf] zflGt sfod ug{ kL8s / kLl8taLr
d]nldnfk u/fpg] ;DjGwdf pTk|]l/t ug]{,
-5_ ;z:q Gsf] qmddf ePsf AolQm a]kQf kfg]{ ;DjGwL 36gfx?sf] ;du|tfdf d'Nofg u/L eljiodf
To:tf] sfd gbf]xf]l/g] ;'lglZrttf k|bfg ug{sf nflu cfjZos ;+:yfut ;'wf/ / kl/If0f -e]l6_
nufotsf /0flglts pkrf/sf kIfx?df l;kmfl/; ug]{,
-h_ o; P]gdf pNn]lvt cGo sfd ug]{ .
!%= 36gfsf] 5fgljg ug]{M -!_ cfof]un] ;z:q Gsf] qmddf AolQm a]kQf kfg]{ 36gf ePsf] ;DjGwdf
b]xfosf] cfwf/df 5fgljg ug{ ;Sg]5 M
-s_ kLl8t jf lghsf] tkm{af6 s;}n] cfof]u ;dIf ph'/L lbPdf,
-v_ s'g} ;|f]taf6 cfof]unfO{ ;f] ljifodf hfgsf/L k|fKt ePdf,
-u_ ;f] ljifodf 5fgljg ug{ cfof]un] pko'Qm ;Dem]df .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -s_ adf]lhd cfof]u ;dIf ph'/L lbg] sfo{ljlw ;DaGwL cGo Joj:yf tf]lsP
adf]lhd x'g]5 .
!^= cbfntnfO{ eP ;/xsf] clwsf/ k|of]u ug{ ;Sg]M -!_ cfof]un] bkmf !% adf]lhd 5fgljg ubf{ b]xfosf]
sfd ug]{ ;DaGwdf k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd cbfntnfO{ eP ;/xsf] clwsf/ k|of]u ug{ ;Sg]5M
-s_ s'g} JolQmnfO{ cfof]u ;dIf pkl:yt u/fO{ hfgsf/L lng] jf aofg u/fpg],
-v_ ;fIfL a'em\g] tyf askq u/fpg],
-u_ s'g} lnvt jf sfuhft k]z ug{ cfb]z lbg],
-3_ s'g} ;/sf/L jf ;fj{hlgs sfo{fno jf cbfntaf6 s'g} lnvt jf To;sf] gSsn lemsfpg],
t/ s'g} cbfntaf6 To:tf] lnvt lemsfp+bf ;DalGwt cbfntsf] cg'dlt lng' kg]{5 .
-_ k|df0f a'em\g],
42

-r_ :ynut lg/LIf0f ug]{ u/fpg] jf bzL k|df0f k]z ug{ cfb]z lbg] .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd s'g} JolQm pkl:yt u/fpg jf lnvt, sfuhft, bzL jf k|df0f k]z ug]{
;DaGwdf cfof]un] pko'Qm ;Dem]df dgfl;j ;do tf]Sg ;Sg]5 .
-#_ cfof]un] cfkm\gf] 5fgljg ;DaGwL s'g} j:t', lnvt s'g} JolQmsf ;fydf jf s'g} vf; :yfgdf 5
eGg] nfu]df ljgf ;"rgf To:tf] JolQm jf :yfgsf] tnf;L lng jf lng nufpg / km]nf k/]sf j:t' jf
lnvt sAhf ug{ jf ug{ nufpg jf To:tf] lnvtsf] k"/} jf cf+lzs gSsn jf k|ltlnlk lng nufpg
;Sg]5 .
-$_ ;fj{hlgs kb wf/0f u/]sf] s'g} JolQm pk/ o; P]g adf]lhd 5fgljg ug'{ k/]df / lghnfO{ kbdf
jxfn /flv/xFbf lghn] k|df0f nf]k ug]{ ;+efjgf b]lvPdf cfof]un] lghnfO{ lgnDag ug{ ;DalGwt
lgsfodf n]vL k7fpg ;Sg]5 / To;/L n]vL cfPdf ;DalGwt lgsfon] ;d]t To:tf] JolQmnfO{ lghsf]
;]jf zt{ ;DaGwL sfg"gdf pNn]v ePsf]df ;f]xL adf]lhd / To;/L pNn]v gePsf]df a9Ldf tLg
dlxgfsf] nflu lgnDag ug'{ kg]{5 .
-%_ a]kQf kfl/Psf] AolQmnfO{ dfl/ d[tssf] ;j s'g} :yfgdf ufl8Psf] 5 eGg] ;DjGwdf cfof]u
lj:j:t ePdf cfof]un] To:tf] :yfgsf] pTvgg\ u/L af:tljstf kQf nufpg ;Sg] 5 .
-^_ pbkmf -%_ adf]lhd pTvgg\ Aoal:yt ?kn] ug'{ kg]{ 5 / To;/L pTvgg\ ubf{ s'g} AolQmsf] ;j jf
cjz]if km]nf k/]df cfof]un] ;Dej eP;Dd To:tf] ;j jf cjz]ifsf] l8=Pg=P= jf ;j kl/If0f ;d]t u/L
To:tf] ;j jf cjz]if d[tssf] kl/jf/sf] glhssf] ;b:onfO{ a'emfpg' kg]{ 5 .
-&_ cfof]unfO{ k|fKt ePsf] ph'/L tyf hfgsf/L 5fgljg ug]{ ;DaGwL cGo Joj:yf tf]lsP adf]lhd
x'g]5 .
!&= cfof]usf] sfo{df ;xof]u k'ofpg' kg]{M -!_ cfof]un] bkmf !^ adf]lhd dfu u/]sf] lnvt, sfuhft, bzL jf
k|df0f k]z ug'{ tyf cfof]udf pkl:yt eO{ hfgsf/L, aofg jf askq lbg' ;DalGwt JolQm, ;+:yf jf
lgsfosf] st{Jo x'g]5 .
-@_ cfof]un] o; P]g adf]lhd 5fgljgsf] l;nl;nfdf s'g} 7fpFsf] tnf;L ln+bf jf s'g} JolQmnfO{
cfof]u ;dIf pkl:yt u/fpg :yfgLo k|zf;gsf] ;xof]u dfu u/]df cfof]unfO{ ;xof]u ug'{ :yfgLo
k|zf;gsf] st{Jo x'g]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ jf -@_ adf]lhd st{Jo ePsf] JolQm, ;+:yf jf lgsfon] cfof]usf] sfo{df ;xof]u
gu/]df cfof]un] To:tf] JolQm jf ;f] ;+:yf jf lgsfosf] k|d'vnfO{ k6s} lkR5] kGw| xhf/ ?k}+ofF;Dd
hl/afgf jf tLg dlxgf;Dd s}b jf b'j} hl/jfgf ug{ ;Sg]5 .
43

-$_ pkbkmf -!_ jf -@_ adf]lhd st{Jo ePsf] JolQm, s'g} ;/sf/L lgsfo jf ;fj{hlgs ;+:yfsf]
kbflwsf/L jf sd{rf/L ePdf cfof]un] To:tf] kbflwsf/L jf sd{rf/LnfO{ ljefuLo sf/afxL ug{ jf
k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd kbLo lhDd]jf/L k"/f gu/]sf] cf/f]kdf sf/afxL ug{ ;DalGwt lgsfodf n]vL
k7fpg ;Sg]5 .
-%_ s;}n] cfof]usf] sfd sf/afxLdf afwf la/f]w u/]df cfof]un] To:tf] JolQmnfO{ k6s} lkR5] kGw|
xhf/ ?k}+ofF;Dd hl/afgf jf tLg dlxgf;Dd s}b jf b'j} hl/jfgf ug{ ;Sg]5 .
!*= cjx]ngfdf sf/afxL ug{ ;Sg]M -!_ cfof]un] cfkm\gf] cjx]ngfdf sf/afxL rnfpg ;Sg] 5 . o;/L
sf/afxL rnfpFbf cfof]un] cfk\mgf] cjx]ngf ePsf] 7xofPdf kGw| xhf/ ?k}+of;Dd hl/afgf jf tLg
dxLgf;Dd s}b jf b'j} ;hf+o ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg ;DalGwt JolQmn] cfof]unfO{ ;Gtf]if x'g] u/L Ifdf
ofrgf u/]df cfof]un] Ifdf lbg jf ;hfo tf]sL ;s]sf] eP ;hfo dfkm ug{, 36fpg jf cfof]un] tf]s]sf]
zt{df ;hfo d'ntjL /fvL To:tf] zt{sf] kfng ePdf ;hfo sfof{Gjog gug]{ cfb]z lbg ;Sg]5 .
!(= ;fIfL tyf cGo JolQmsf] ;+/If0fM -!_ cfof]udf aofg, askq jf hfgsf/L lbg pkl:yt x'g] s'g} JolQm,
kLl8t jf lghsf] kl/jf/sf ;b:on] cfkm\gf] ;'/Iffsf] nflu cfof]u;Fu cg'/f]w u/]df jf cfof]unfO{
;xof]u k'/\ofpg] jf cfof]udf sfo{/t s'g} JolQmnfO{ ;'/Iff lbg cfjZos b]lvPdf cfof]un] ;f] JolQmsf]
;'/Iffsf] nflu plrt Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd s'g} JolQmsf] ;'/Iffsf] nflu cfof]un] cfjZostfg';f/ g]kfn ;/sf/sf]
;xof]u lng ;Sg]5 . To;/L cfof]uaf6 ;xof]u dfu ePsf]df cfof]un] dfu]sf] ;xof]u k'ofpg' g]kfn
;/sf/sf] st{Jo x'g] 5 .
-#_ s'g} JolQmn] cfof]udf aofg jf askq u/]sf] jf s'g} hfgsf/L lbPsf] sf/0fn] dfq lghsf lj?4
s'g} d'2f rnfOg] jf sfg"gL sf/afxL ul/g] 5}g .
-$_ cfof]udf aofg, askq jf hfgsf/L lbg pkl:yt ePsf] JolQmn] cfpFbf hfFbf / vfg tyf a:bf
x'g] jf:tljs vr{ dfu u/]df cfof]un] To:tf] JolQmnfO{ dgfl;a vr{ pknAw u/fpg ;Sg]5 .
-%_ cfof]udf s'g} ;"rgf, hfgsf/L jf k|df0f lbg] JolQmn] cfkm\gf] klxrfg uf]Ko /fVg rfx]df cfof]un]
To:tf] JolQmsf] kl/ro v'Ng] klxrfgsf] ljj/0f uf]Ko /fVg' kg]{5 .
-^_ dlxnf jf afnaflnsfnfO{ cfof]u ;dIf pkl:yt u/fO{ hfgsf/L lng' kg]{ jf aofg jf askq
u/fpg' kg]{ ePdf cfof]un] lghsf] OHht / ;'/Iffsf] ljz]if k|jGw ug'{ kg]{5 .

44

-&_ cfof]un] a'em\g'kg]{ ;flIf zf/Ll/s ?kdf c;Qm ePsf] jf gfjfns ePsf] jf ;'/Iffsf] sf/0fn] ubf{
lghnfO{ cfof]udf pkl:yt u/fpg g;lsg] ePdf ;DjlGwt kIfn] ;f]xL Joxf]/f vf]nL >Jo b[io ;Djfb
dfkm{t\ To:tf] ;fIfL a'em\gsf] nflu cfof]udf lgj]bg lbPdf cfof]un] >Jo b[io ;Djfb dfkm{t\ ;fIfL
a'em\g] Joj:yf ug{ ;Sg] 5 .
-*_ ;fIfL, kLl8t tyf cfof]usf] sfddf ;xof]u ug{] JolQmsf] ;'/Iff, zf/Ll/s tyf dfgl;s lxt,
uf]klgotf / dof{bfsf] ;+/If0f ;DaGwL Joj:yf tf]lsP adf]lhd x'g]5 .
@)= ;fj{hlgs ;'g'jfO{ ug{ ;Sg]M -!_ cfof]un] AolQm a]kQf kfg]{ ;DjGwL 36gfdf ;To tYo kQf nufpg
cfjZos b]v]df ;fj{hlgs ;'g'jfO{ ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-@_ ;fj{hlgs ;'gjfO{ ug]{ tl/sf / k|lqmof cfof]un] tf]s] adf]lhd x'g]5 .
@!= cfof]usf] sfd sf/afxL v'nf tyf kf/bzL{ x'g' kg]{M -!_ cfof]un] cfkm\gf] sfd sf/afxL v'nf tyf kf/bzL{
?kdf ug'{ kg]{5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg s'g} JolQmsf] OHht jf ;'/Iffdf k|lts"n c;/ kg]{,
zflGt / ;'Joj:yfdf vnn kg]{ jf 5fgljg k|s[ofnfO{ k|lts'n c;/ kfg]{ sfd sf/afxL uf]Ko ug{
;lsg]5 .
-#_ cfof]un] cfkm\gf] sfd sf/afxL ;DaGwL ljj/0f kLl8t nufot ;j{;fwf/0fsf] hfgsf/Lsf] nflu
;do ;dodf ;fj{hlgs ug{ ;Sg]5 .
@@= :jtGqtf / lgikIftf sfod ug'{ kg]{M -!_ cfof]un] :jtGq / lgikIf ?kn] cfkm\gf] sfd ;Dkfbg ug'{ kg]{5
.
-@_ cfof]un] s;}k|lt em'sfa, df]nflxhf jf jblgot /fvL sfd ug{ x'Fb}g .
-#_ cfof]un] cfkm\gf] sfd sf/afxL ubf{ dfgj clwsf/ tyf Gofosf ;j{dfGo l;4fGtnfO{ kfngf ug'{
kg]{5 .
-$_ cfof]uaf6 5fgljg tyf sf/afxL ug{' kg{] JolQm s'g} ;b:osf] gft]bf/ ePdf jf s'g} sf/f]jf/sf]
l;nl;nfdf lgh;Fu k|ToIf?kdf ;DalGwt ePdf ;f] ;b:on] To:tf] 5fgljg tyf sf/afxLdf ;+nUg x'g
x'Fb}g .
@#= ph'/L tfd]nLdf /fVg ;Sg]M cfof]udf k|fKt ePsf] ph'/L jf hfgsf/L 5fgljg ubf{ tYoxLg ePdf jf ;f]
sfof{Gjog ug{ g;lsg] b]lvPdf cfof]un] sf/0f v'nfO{ To:tf] ph'/L tfd]nLdf /fVg ;Sg]5 .
t/ To:tf] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf sf/afxL ug]{ ljifodf kl5 k|df0f k|fKt ePdf cfof]un] ;f] ph'/L pk/
5fgljg ug{ ;Sg]5 .
45

@$= kl/k"/0fsf] nflu l;kmfl/; ug]{M -!_ o; P]g adf]lhd ul/Psf] 5fgljgaf6 kLl8tnfO{ xflggf]S;fgL ePsf]
b]lvPdf To:tf] xflggf]S;fgL jfkt dgfl;j Ifltk"lt{ k|bfg ug{, kLl8tsf] k'g?f/ jf k'g:y{fkgf ug{ jf
lghnfO{ /fxt, ;'ljwf jf cGo s'g} ;x'lnot pknAw u/fpg cfof]un] g]kfn ;/sf/ ;dIf l;kmfl/;
ug]{5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg cfof]un] pko'Qm ;Dem]df kLl8t jf cj:yf
cg';f/ lghsf] kl/jf/sf] s'g} ;b:onfO{ b]xfosf ;'ljwf jf ;x'lnot pknAw u/fpg g]kfn ;/sf/
;dIf l;kmfl/; ug{ ;Sg]5M
-s_ lgMz'Ns lzIff tyf :jf:yf]krf/,
-v_ ;Lkd"ns tfnLd,
-u_ ljgf Aofh jf ;x'lnotk"0f{ Jofhdf C0f ;'ljwf,
-3_ a;f]af;sf] Joj:yf,
-_ /f]huf/sf] ;'ljwf,
-r_ cfof]un] pko'Qm ;De]msf] cGo pkfo, ;'ljwf jf ;x'lnot .
-#_ cfof]un] o; bkmf jdf]lhd kLl8tnfO{ kl/k'/0fsf] l;kmfl/; ubf{ kLl8t jf lghsf] kl/jf/sf] OR5f
jf dfunfO{ ;d]t ljrf/ ug]{ 5 .
-$_ pkbkmf -!_ jf -@_ adf]lhd pknAw u/fOg] kl/k'/0f lgwf{/0f ug{] cfwf/ / dfkb08 tf]lsP
adf]lhd x'g]5 .
-%_ kLl8tnfO{ kL8sf/f Ifltk"lt{ pknAw u/fOPsf], cfof]uaf6 kL8s / kLl8taLr d]nldnfk
u/fOPsf] jf s'g} kL8ssf] klxrfg gePsf] sf/0fn] dfq o; bkmf adf]lhd kLl8tnfO{ pknAw u/fOg]
kl/k'/0faf6 jl~rt ul/g] 5}g .
-^_ kLl8tsf] d[To' e};s]sf] cj:yfdf pkbkmf -!_ jf -@_ adf]lhd kLl8tn] kfpg] /fxt, Ifltk"lt{,
;'ljwf jf ;x'lnot lghsf] kl/jf/sf] glhssf] ;b:on] kfpg]5 .
@%= sf/jfxLsf] nflu l;kmfl/; ug]{M -!_ cfof]un] o; P]g adf]lhd 5fgljg ubf{ s'g} AolQm s;}nfO{ a]kQf
kfg]{ sfo{df ;+nUg ePsf] b]lvPdf cfjZos k|df0f ;+nUg u/L To:tf] JolQm pk/ d'2f rnfpg cfof]un]
bkmf @* adf]lhd k|ltj]bg lbg' cufj} dxfGofoflwjQmfnfO{ l;kmfl/; ug{]5 .
-@_ cfof]un] o; P]g adf]lhd 5fgljg ubf{ ;fj{hlgs kb wf/0f u/]sf] s'g} JolQm s;}nfO{ a]kQf kfg]{
sfo{df ;+nUg ePsf] b]lvPdf lghnfO{ ljefuLo sf/afxL ug{ clVtof/jfnf;dIf n]vL k7fpg ;Sg]5 .

46

o;/L n]vL cfPdf ;DalGwt clVtof/jfnfn] lghnfO{ pko'Qm ;hfo k|:tfj u/L tLg dxLgfleq k|rlnt
sfg"g adf]lhd ljefuLo sf/afxL u/L ;f] sf] hfgsf/L cfof]unfO{ lbg'kg]{5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ jdf]lhd ljefuLo sf/jfxL ug{ n]lv k7fPsf] jf ljefuLo sf/jfxL ePsf] cfwf/df
To:tf] JolQm pk/ pkbkmf -!_ jdf]lhd d'2f rnfpg jfwf kg]{ 5}g .
-$_ cfof]un] o; P]g jdf]lhd 5fgljg ubf{ s'g} JolQm k|rlnt sfg"g jdf]lhd x'g] cGo s'g} s;'/df
;+nUg ePsf] b]lvPdf cfof]un] To:tf] JolQm pk/ sfg"g jdf]lhd cg';Gwfg u/L sf/jfxL rnfpg
;DjlGwt lgsfodf n]lv k7fpg ;Sg] 5 .
-%_ pkbkmf -$_ jdf]lhd n]lv cfPsf]df ;DjlGwt lgsfon] To:tf] JolQm lj?4 k|rlnt sfg"g jdf]lhd
cg';Gwfg u/L sf/jfxL ug'{ kg]{ 5 .
@^= d]nldnfk u/fpg ;Sg]M -!_ bkmf @% df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg cfof]un] 5fgljg ul/ /x]sf]
s'g} 36gfsf] ;DjGwdf d]nldnfksf] k|s[of ckgfpg kLl8t, kL8s jf b'j} kIfn] cfof]u ;dIf lgj]bg
lbPdf cfof]un] d]nldnfksf] nflu sf/jfxL k|f/De ug{ ;Sg] 5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ jdf]lhd lk8sn] lgj]bg lbg rfx]df lghn] ;f] lgj]bgdf b]xfosf s'/fx? v'nfpg
kg]{5M
-s_ ;z:q Gsf] qmddf cfkm"af6 ePsf] sfd sf/jfxLsf] ;DjGwdf cfkm"nfO{ yfxf eP;Ddsf] ;To tYo
;lxtsf] k"0f{ ljj/0f,
-v_ cfkm"af6 unt sfd ePsf]df kZrftfk,
-v_ eljiodf To:tf] sfo{ gbf]xf]/fpg] k|ltj4tf,
-3_ kLl8t ;+u dflkm dfUg tof/ /x]sf] 3f]if0ff,
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ jdf]lhd lgj]bg k/]sf]df cfof]un] kLl8t / kL8s kIfnfO{ cfof]udf pkl:yt u/fO{
cfjZostf cg';f/ 5'f5'} jf ;fd'lxs ?kdf 5nkmn ug{ u/fpg ;Sg] 5 .
-$_ pkbkmf -#_ jdf]lhd 5nkmnsf] nflu cfof]un] tf]s]sf] ldlt / ;dodf cfof]u ;dIf pkl:yt x'g'
/ 5nkmndf ;xefuL x'g' ;DjlGwt kIfsf] st{Jo x'g] 5 .
-%_ pkbkmf -#_ jdf]lhd 5nkmn ubf{ jf d]nldnfk k|s[of ;~rfng ubf{ kLl8t / kL8sn] cfkm"n]
/f]h]sf] sfg"g Joj;foL / ljZjf; u/]sf] s'g} Ps JolQm ;d]tsf] ;xof]u lng;Sg] 5 .
-^_ b]xfosf] cj:yfdf dfq cfof]un] kLl8t / kL8saLr d]nldnfk u/fpg ;Sg] 5M
-s_ kLl8t / kL8ssf] d~h'/L ePsf]df,
-v_ kL8sn] b]xfosf] ;t{ k'/f u/]sf]dfM
47

-!_ ;z:q Gsf] qmddf cfkm"af6 ePsf] sfd sf/jfxLsf] ;DjGwdf cfkm"nfO{ yfxf eP;Ddsf] ;To tYo
;lxtsf] k"0f{ ljj/0f cfof]u ;dIf kLl8tsf] pkl:yltdf k|s6 u/]sf],
-@_ cfkm"af6 unt sfd ePsf]df kZrftfk u/]sf],
-#_ eljiodf To:tf] sfo{ gbf]xf]/fpg] k|ltj4tf AoQm u/]sf],
-$_ kLl8t;+u lrTt a'em\bf] 9+un] dflkm dfu]sf],
-%_ kLl8tnfO{ x'g uPsf] Iflt afkt cfof]un] tf]s]sf] dgfl;j Ifltk'tL{ kLl8tnfO{ pknAw u/fPsf] .
-&_ o; bkmf jdf]lhd kL8s / kLl8taLr d]nldnfk ePsf]df ;f]xL ljifodf cfof]un] sf/jfxLsf] nflu
o; bkmf jdf]lhd l;kmfl/; ug{ jfwf kg]{ 5}g .
@&= ;DkQL lkmtf{ ug{ nufpg]M o; P]g jdf]lhd ul/Psf] 5fgljg af6 s;}n] kLl8tsf] s'g} ;DklQ sAhf jf
hkmt ul/Psf] b]lvPdf cfof]un] To:tf] ;DklQ ;DjlGwt JolQmaf6 lkmtf{ ug{ nufpg ;Sg] 5 .
@*= k|ltj]bg k]z ug]{M -!_ cfof]un] o; P]g adf]lhd 5fgljg ul/;s]kl5 b]xfosf] s'/fx? v'nfO{ g]kfn
;/sf/ ;dIf k|ltj]bg k]z ug'{ kg]{5 M
-s_ cfof]uaf6 5fgljg ul/Psf / tfd]nLdf /flvPsf ph'/L ;DaGwL ljj/0f,
-v_ 5fgljgaf6 kQf nfu]sf] jf:tljs ;To tYo ;DaGwL ljj/0f,
-u_ bkmf @^ adf]lhd kLl8t / kL8s aLr cfof]uaf6 d]nldnfk u/fO{Psf] ljj/0f,
-3_ kL8sn] cffof]u ;dIf k|s6 u/]sf] ;To tYo ;lxtsf] k'0f{ ljj/0f,
-_ bkmf @$ adf]lhd kLl8tnfO{ kl/k'/0f k|bfg ug{sf] nflu g]kfn ;/sf/ ;dIf l;kmfl/; ug{] ljifo,
-r_ bkmf @% adf]lhd d'2f rnfpg dxfGofoflwjQmfnfO{ ul/Psf] l;kmfl/z ;DalGw ljifo,
-5_ ;z:q Gsf qmddf JolQm j]kQf kfg]{ sfo{sf] cGt/lglxt sf/0f / eljiodf To:tf 36gf bf]xf]l/g
glbgsf nflu ul/g' kg]{ cfjZos gLltut, sfg"gL, ;+:yfut, k|zf;lgs / Jofjxfl/s ;'wf/sf ljifo,
-h_ k|ltj]bg sfof{Gjog ug{ s'g} sfg"g agfpg cfjZos ePdf ;f] ljifo,
-em_ dfgj clwsf/sf] k|a4{g, Gofo k|0ffnLsf] ;'b[9Ls/0f tyf ;dfhdf d]nldnfksf] jftfj/0f ;[hgf ug{]
;DaGwdf g]kfn ;/sf/n] tTsfn tyf eljiodf cjnDjg ug'{ kg]{ s'/fx?,
-`_ cfof]un] pko'Qm ;Dem]sf cGo s'/fx? .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg cfof]un] o; P]g adf]lhd 5fgljg u/]sf] ljifodf
;do ;dodf g]kfn ;/sf/ ;dIf cGtl/d k|ltj]bg k]z ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd k|fKt ePsf] k|ltj]bg g]kfn ;/sf/n] ;fj{hgLs u/L Joj:yflksf;+;b\sf]
clwj]zg j;]sf] kGw| lbg leq Joj:yflksf;+;b\ ;dIf k]z ug]{5 .
48

49

kl/R5]b$
k|ltj]bgsf] sfof{Gjog tyf cg'udg
@(= k|ltj]bg sfof{Gjog ug]{ lhDd]jf/LM -!_ bkmf @& adf]lhd cfof]un] lbPsf] k|ltj]bgdf plNnlvt l;kmfl/;
sfof{Gjog ug]{ u/fpg] lhDd]jf/L dGqfnosf] x'g]5 .
-@_ dGqfnon] cfof]usf] k|ltj]bgdf pNn]lvt l;kmfl/; dWo] b]xfosf s'/fx? sfof{Gjog ug{sf] nflu
b]xfo adf]lhd ug]{5M
-s_ bkmf @$ df pNn]lvt l;kmfl/; sfof{Gjog ug{sf] nflu g]kfn ;/sf/, dlGqkl/ifb\df n]vL k7fpg],
-v_ k|ltj]bgdf pNn]lvt l;kmfl/; sfof{Gjog ug{ sfg"g lgdf{0f ug'{ kg{] ePdf cfjZos sfg"g lgdf{0f ug]{
tk{m sf/afxL ug]{,
-u_ cfof]usf] k|ltj]bg sfof{Gjog ug{ pko'Qm ;De]msf] cGo sfd ug]{ u/fpg] .
-#_ dGqfnon] bkmf @* sf] pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -5_, -h_ / -em_ df plNnlvt l;kmfl/; k|fyldstf
tf]sL qmdzM sfof{Gjog ug]{5 .
#)= d'2f bfo/ ug]{ ;DaGwL Aoj:yfM -!_ bkmf @% jdf]lhd cfof]un] u/]sf] l;kmfl/; k|fKt ePkl5 kL8s lj?2
d'2f rnfpg cfjZos k|df0f k'u]sf] ePdf dxfGofoflwjQmf jf lghn] tf]s]sf] ;/sf/L jlsnn] To:tf]
AolQm pk/ oyfl;3| ;DalGwt lhNnf cbfntdf d'2f rnfpg' kg]{5 .
-@_ cfof]usf] l;kmfl/; adf]lhd d'2f rnfpg] ;DjGwdf yk cg';Gwfg txlssft u/L ;j'b k|df0f
;+sng ug'{kg]{ cj:yf ePdf ;f]xL Joxf]/fsf] v'nfO{ dxfGofoflwjQmf jf lghn] tf]s]sf] ;/sf/L jlsnn]
;DjlGwt cg';Gwfg ug]{ lgsfodf k7fpg' kg]{ 5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ jdf]lhd n]lvcfPdf ;DjlGwt lgsfon] oyfl;3| k|rlnt sfg"g jdf]lhd cg';Gwfg
txlssft u/L cfgf] /fo ;lxtsf] k|ltj]bg dxfGofoflwjQm jf lghn] tf]s]sf] ;/sf/L jlsn ;dIf
k7fpg' kg]{ 5 .
#!= d'2f bfo/ ug]{ xbDofbM k|rlnt sfg"gdf h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg bkmf #) jdf]lhd d'2f bfo/
ug{ xbDofb nfUg] 5}g .
#@= sfg"g jgfO d'2f rnfpg jfwf gkg]{M cfof]usf] l;kmfl/; jdf]lhd JolQm j]kQf kfg]{ sfo{df ;DnUg
b]lvPsf JolQm lj?4 tTsfn d'2f rnfpg sfg"gsf] cefj ePsf] cj:yfdf ;f] ;DjGwdf cfjZos sfg"g
alg;s]kl5 To:tf] AolQm pk/ d'2f rnfpg afwf k/]sf] dflgg] 5}g .

50

##= cfof]un] lbPsf] k|ltj]bgsf] cg'udgM -!_ cfof]usf] k|ltj]bgdf plNnlvt l;kmfl/;x? sfof{Gjog eP
gePsf] ;DaGwdf cg'udg ug]{ sfd /fli6o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]un] ug]{5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd cg'udg ubf{ dGqfnon] cfof]usf]] k|ltj]bgdf plNnlvt l;kmfl/; sfof{Gjog
u/] u/fPsf] gb]lvPdf /fli6o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]un] ;f] l;kmfl/; sof{Gjog ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{
Wofgfsif{0f u/fpg ;Sg]5 / To;/L Wofgfsif{0f u/fPsf ljifo g]kfn ;/sf/n] oyfzL3| sfof{Gjog ug]{
u/fpg]5 .
kl/R5]b%
ljljw
#$= pk;ldlt jf sfo{6f]nL u7g ug{ ;Sg]M -!_ cfof]un] cfkm\gf] sfd sf/afxL ;'rf? ?kn] ug{sf] nflu
;DalGwt If]qsf lj1x? ;dfj]z u/L cfjZostfg';f/ ljleGg pk;ldlt jf sfo{6f]nL u7g ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd ul7t pk;ldlt jf sfo{6f]nLsf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/, sfof{jlw, ;f]
pk;ldlt jf sfo{6f]nLsf ;b:on] kfpg] ;'ljwf tyf cGo Joj:yf cfof]un] tf]lslbP adf]lhd x'g]5 .
#%= ljz]if1sf] ;]jf lng ;Sg]M -!_ cfof]un] o; P]g adf]lhd s'g} sfd ug{sf] nflu cfjZostfg';f/
;DalGwt ljifosf :jb]zL tyf lab]zL ljz]if1 jf ljlzi6Ls[t lgsfosf] ;]jf lng ;Sg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd ;]jf k|bfg ug]{ ljz]if1 tyf ljlzi6Ls[t lgsfosf] lgo'lQm, sfd,st{Jo /
clwsf/, ;]jfsf] zt{ tyf ;'ljwf cfof]un] tf]s] adf]lhd x'g]5 .
-#_ cfof]unfO{ s'g} lgsfo jf ;+:yfsf] ;]jf cfjZos k/]df k|rlnt sfg"gdf h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf]
ePtfklg ;DalGwt lgsfo jf ;+:yfn] cof]uaf6 dfu eP adf]lhdsf] ;]jf cfof]unfO{ pknAw u/fpg'
kg]{5 .
#^= sfd sf/afxL ug{ afwf gkg]{M cfof]usf] s'g} ;b:osf] kb l/Qm ePsf] sf/0fn] dfq cfof]un] sfd
sf/afxL ug{ s'g} afwf kg]{ 5}g .
#&= clwsf/ k|Tofof]hgM -!_ cfof]un] o; P]g adf]lhd cfkm"nfO{ k|fKt ePsf] clwsf/dWo] cfjZostfg';f/
s]xL clwsf/ cWoIf, ;b:o, ;lrj jf bkmf #$ adf]lhd ul7t pk;ldlt jf sfo{6f]nLnfO{ k|Tofof]hg
ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg d]nldnfk u/fpg], kL8snfO{ sf/jfxL ug{ jf
kLl8tnfO{ kl/k"/0fsf] l;kmfl/z ug]{ ;DaGwdf cfof]unfO{ ePsf] clwsf/ k|Tofof]hg x'g ;Sg] 5}g .
#*= cfof]usf] sfof{jlwM -!_ cfof]usf] sfof{jlw cfof]u u7g ePsf] ldltn] b'O{ jif{sf] x'g]5 .

51

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg ;f] pkbkmfdf plNnlvt cjlwleq cfof]un]
cfkm\gf] sfd ;DkGg ug{ g;s]sf] sf/0f ;d]t v'nfO{ yk Dofb dfu u/]df g]kfn ;/sf/n] cfof]usf]
sfof{jlw Ps jif{;Ddsf] nflu yk ug{ ;Sg]5 .
#(= cfof]usf] lj36gM -!_ cfof]un] o; P]g adf]lhd cfkm\gf] sfd ;DkGg u/]df jf bkmf #* adf]lhd
cfof]usf] sfof{jlw ;dfKt ePdf cfof]u lj36g x'g]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd cfof]u lj36g ePdf cfof]usf] gfddf /x]sf] ;DklQ tyf bfloTj dGqfnodf
;g]{5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd cfof]u lj36g x'g] ePdf cfof]un] cfkm\gf] lhDdfdf /x]sf] clen]v dGqfnodf
a'emfpg' kg{]5 .
-$_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd cfof]u lj36g ePdf cfof]udf sfo{/t sd{rf/Lx? cfkm\gf] ;fljssf]
sfof{nodf lkmtf{ x'g]5g\ / s/f/df sd{rf/L lgo'Qm ePsf] eP :jtM kbaf6 x6\g]5g\ .
$)= zkyM cfkm\gf] sfo{ef/ ;DxfNg' cl3 cWoIfn] k|wfg GofofwLz ;dIf / ;b:on] cWoIf;Fu cg';"rL
adf]lhdsf] 9fFrfdf zky ug'{ kg]{5 .
$!= afwf c8\sfp k'msfpg] clwsf/M -!_ o; P]g sfof{Gjog ug]{ l;nl;nfdf s'g} afwf c8\sfp cfOk/]df
cfof]usf] k/fdz{df g]kfn ;/sf/n] g]kfn /fhkqdf ;"rgf k|sfzg u/L afwf c8\sfp k'msfpg cfb]z
hf/L ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd hf/L ePsf] cfb]z g]kfn ;/sf/n] tTsfn a;]sf] Joj:yflksf;+;bdf k]z
ug'{ kg]{5 .
$@= g]kfn ;/sf/;Fu ;Dks{M cfof]un] g]kfn ;/sf/;Fu ;Dks{ /fVbf dGqfno dfkm{t /fVg' kg]{5 .
$#= lgod agfpg] clwsf/M o; P]gsf] p2]Zo sfof{Gjog ug{ cfof]un]] cfjZos lgod agfpg ;Sg]5 .
To:tf] lgod g]kfn /fhkqdf k|sfzg ul/g] 5 .
$$= lgb]{lzsf agfpg ;Sg]M cfof]usf] l;kmfl/; adf]lhd kLl8tnfO{ kl/k'/0fsf] Joj:yf ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/n]
cfjZos lgb]{lzsf agfO{ nfu" ug{ ;Sg]5 .

52

cg';"rL
-bkmf $) ;Fu ;DalGwt_
zky
d =======================================================;To lgi7fk"j{s k|lt1f u5{'O{Zj/sf] gfddf ;ky lnG5'
ls g]kfnL hgtf / k|rlnt ;+ljwfg tyf cGo sfg"g k|lt lgi7fjfg /xL cfkm"n] u|x0f u/]sf]
cWoIf;b:o kbsf] lhDd]jf/L / st{Jo s;}sf] 8/, df]nflxhf, kIfkft, ]if jf nf]edf gk/L OdfGbf/L;fy
kfng ug]{5' / cfkm\gf] st{Jo kfngsf] l;nl;nfdf cfkm"nfO{ 1ft x'g cfPsf] s'/f k|rlnt sfg"gsf]
kfngf ubf{ afx]s cfkm" axfn /x]sf] jf g/x]sf] s'g} klg cj:yfdf k|s6 ug]{ 5}g .

ldltM

b:tvtM

53

&= JolQm a]kQf kfg]{ sfo{nfO{ s;'/ sfod ug]{ ;DaGwdf Joj:yf ug{ ag]sf] ljw]os
k|:tfjgfM k|To]s JolQmsf] ;'/lIft / ;Ddfg k'j{s jfRg kfpg] clwsf/sf] ;Ddfg ub}{ JolQm j]kQf kfg]{
sfo{nfO{ s;'/ sfod u/L To:tf] sfo{df ;+nUg x'g] AolQmnfO{ ;hfo ug{, kLl8tnfO{ kl/k"/0fsf] Joj:yf
/ ;+/If0f k|bfg ug{ tyf AolQm a]kQf kfg]{ sfo{nfO{ lgoGq0f ug{] ;DaGwdf cfjZos Aoj:yf ug{
af~5gLo ePsf]n],
g]kfnsf] clGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^# sf] wf/f *# sf] pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhd Joj:yfkLsf;+;b\sf] x}l;otdf
;+ljwfg;efn] of] P]g agfPsf] 5 .
kl/R5]b !
k|f/lDes
!= ;+lIfKt gfd / k|f/DeM -!_ o; P]gsf] gfd JolQm a]kQf kfg]{ -s;"/ / ;hfo_ P]g, @)&) /x]sf]5 .
-@_ of] P]g g]kfn /fHoe/ nfu" x'g]5 / g]kfn /fHo aflx/ hxf+;'s} /x]a;]sf g]kfnL gful/s / o; P]g
cGtu{t s;"/ u/]sf] dflgg] s'g} sfd u/L ljb]zdf a:g] u}/ g]kfnL gful/snfO{ ;d]t nfu" x'g]5 .
-#_ of] P]g t'?Gt k|f/De x'g]5 .
@= kl/efiffM ljifo jf k|;\un] csf]{ cy{ gnfu]df o; P]gdf,
-s_ cbfnt eGgfn] ;DalGwt lhNnf cbfnt ;Demg' kb{5 .
-v_ JolQm a]kQf kfg]{ sfo{ eGgfn] b]xfosf] sfo{ ;Demg' k5{M
-!_ sfg"g adf]lhd kqmfp ug{, cg';Gwfg txlssft ug{ jf sfg"g sfof{Gjog ug{ clVtof/L kfPsf] JolQm
jf ;'/IffsdL{n] kqmfp u/]sf], lx/f;tdf /fv]sf] jf cGo s'g} lsl;dn] lgoGq0fdf lnPsf] JolQmnfO{ d'2f
x]g]{ clwsf/L ;dIf k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhdsf] cjlw leq pkl:yt gu/fpg], pQm cjlw JotLt ePkl5
;/f]sf/jfnfnfO{ e]63f6 ug{ glbg] jf lghnfO{ sxfF, s;/L / s'g cj:yfdf /flvPsf] 5 eGg] ;DaGwdf
hfgsf/L glbg],
-@_ s'g} ;+u7g jf ;+ul7t jf c;+ul7t ;d"xsf] gfdaf6 s'g} klg JolQmnfO{ kqmfp jf ckx/0f u/L, sAhfdf
jf lgoGq0fdf lnO{ jf cGo s'g} lsl;dn] lghsf] j}olQms :jtGqtfaf6 jl~rt ug]{ .
-#_ clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] s'g} JolQmnfO{ y'gfdf /fVbf To;/L y'g]sf] JolQm;Fu ;DalGwt dflg;nfO{ lgh
y'lgPsf] s'/f jf y'lgPsf] 7fpFsf] hfgsf/L gx'g] jf kTtf gnfUg] u/L uf]Ko?kdf y'gfdf /fVg] .
-$_ y'gfdf /x]sf] JolQmnfO{ y'gfaf6 5f8\g k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Laf6 cfb]z ePkl5
To:tf] JolQmnfO{ y'gfaf6 g5fl8 y'lg /fVg] .
54

-u_ kLl8t eGgfn] a]kQf kfl/Psf] JolQm ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] lghsf] kl/jf/sf] ;b:o ;d]tnfO{
hgfpF5 .
-_ kl/jf/ eGgfn] kLl8tsf] klt, kTgL, 5f]/f, 5f]/L, afa', cfdf, ;f;', ;;'/f, afh], aHo}, gflt, gfltgL jf
;uf]nsf] bfh' eO{ jf lbbL jlxgL ;Demg' k5{ .
kl/R5]b @
s;'/ / b08 ;DjGwL Joj:yf
#= JolQm a]kQf kfg]{ sfo{ ug{ u/fpg gx'g]M -!_ s;}n] klg s;}nfO{ a]kQf kfg]{ sfo{ ug'{ jf u/fpg' x'b}g .
-@_ s;}n] klg JolQm j]kQf kfg{ pBf]u ug]{ jf To:tf] sfo{ ug{ dltof/ x'g], s'g} lsl;dn] kl/k~r ug{],
if8oGq ug]{ jf ;xof]u ug]{ sfo{ ug'{ x'+b}g .
$= s;'/ u/]sf] dflgg]M -!_ s;}n] bkmf # adf]lhd JolQm a]kQf kfg]{ sfo{ u/] jf u/fPdf lghn] o; P]g
adf]lhd s;'/ u/]sf] dflgg]5 .
-@_ s;}n] cfkm" dftxtsf] kbflwsf/L, lgsfo jf ;d"xf/f JolQm a]kQf kfg]{ sfo{ ug{ jf u/fpg
nfu]sf] s'/f yfxf kfP/ klg To;sf] pk]Iff u/]df jf To:tf] sfo{ /f]Sg] ;DaGwdf cfjZos pkfo
gckgfPdf lghn] ;d]t o; P]g adf]lhd s;"/ u/]sf] dflgg]5 .
-#_ k|rlnt sfg"gdf h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg JolQm a]kQf kfg]{ sfo{nfO{ lg/Gt/sf] s;"/ dfgL
of] P]g k|f/De x'g' cl3 AolQm a]kQf u/] jf u/fPsf] sfo{nfO{ ;d]t o;} P]g adf]lhd s;'/ u/]sf] dflgg]5
.
%= a]kQf kfg]{ d'Vo s;'/bf/ dflgg]M -!_ s'g} JolQmnfO{ PseGbf a9L JolQmn] ;fd"lxs ?kdf a]kQf kf/]df
a]kQf kfg]{ sfo{df ;+nUg ;a} JolQm d'Vo s;'/bf/ dflgg]5g\ .
-@_ cGoyf k|dfl0ft ePsf]df afx]s s'g} JolQmnfO{ h'g JolQmsf] cfb]zn] kqmfp u/L, y'gfdf /fvL jf
lgoGq0fdf lnO{ j]kQf kf/]sf] xf] To:tf] cfb]z lbg] / ;f] cfb]zsf] sfof{Gjog ug]{ JolQm j]kQf kfg]{ d'Vo
s;'/bf/ dflgg]5g\ .
-#_ a]kQf kfg]{ sfo{ s'g} ;fj{hlgs kb wf/0f u/]sf] JolQm jf ;+u7g jf ;+ul7t jf c;+ul7t ;d"xsf]
lhDd]af/ JolQmsf] cfb]z jf lgb]{zg adf]lhd eP u/]sf] kfOPdf To:tf] cfb]z jf lgb]{zg lbg] JolQm
a]kQf kfg]{ d'Vo s;'/bf/ dflgg] 5 .
^= ;hfoM -!_ o; P]g adf]lhdsf] s;'/ ug]{ JolQmnfO{ b]xfo adf]lhd ;hfo x'g]5 M
-s_ s;}n] s'g} JolQmnfO{ a]kQf kf/]df a]kQf kf/]sf] cjlw / cj:yfnfO{ ;d]t ljrf/ u/L ;f] sfd ug]{ d'Vo
s;'/bf/nfO{ kGw| jif{;Dd s}b / Ps nfv krf; xhf/ ?k}of;Dd hl/jfgf,
55

-v_ a]kQf kfg{ pBf]u jf kl/k~r ug]{, if8oGq ug]{, dltof/ aGg] jf ;xof]u ug]{nfO{ a]kQf kfg]{ d'Vo
s;'/bf/nfO{ x'g] ;hfFosf] cfwf ;hfFo .
-@_ s;}n] dlxnf jf gfjfns lj?4 o; P]g adf]lhd s;'/ dflgg] s'g} sfo{ u/]df pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd
x'g] ;hfodf b'O{ jif{ yk ;hfo x'g]5 .
-#_ s;}n] s'g} AolQmnfO{ a]kQf kfl/Psf] cjlwdf k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd ;hfo x'g] cGo s'g} s;'/
u/]sf] eP lghnfO{ To:tf] sfg"g adf]lhd x'g] ;hfodf o; P]g adf]lhd yk ;hfFo ;d]t x'g]5 .
&= s;'/;Fu ;DalGwt dfn;fdfg hkmt x'g]M o; P]g cGtu{t ;hfFo x'g] s;'/ ubf{ ;DalGwt wgLsf]
;xdltn] k|of]u ul/Psf ejg, ;jf/L ;fwg, xftxltof/ tyf cGo ;a} dfn;fdfg hkmt x'g]5g\ .
*= Ifltk"lt{ e/fO{ lng kfpg]M -!_ a]kQf kfl/Psf] JolQm kl5 ;fj{hlgs ePdf lghn] a]kQf kfg]{ JolQmaf6
dgfl;j Ifltk"tL{ e/fO{ lng kfpg]5 .
-@_ a]kQf kfl/Psf] JolQmsf] d[To' eO;s]sf] eP ;f] /sd lghsf] kl/jf/sf] glhssf] ;b:on] e/fO{ lng
kfpg]5 .
(= wgdfn lkmtf{ ug'{kg]{M a]kQf kfl/Psf] JolQmnfO{ j]kQf ubf{ lghsf] wgdfn ;d]t lnPsf] 7x/ ePdf a]kQf
kfg]{ JolQm;Fu To:tf] wgdfn eP ;f] / gePdf ;f] wgdfn a/fa/sf] /sd lghnfO{ lkmtf{ ug'{kg]{5 .
kl/R5]b#
ph'/L / ;f]sf] sf/jfxL
!)=ph'/L lbg ;Sg]M -!_ o; P]g cGtu{tsf] s;'/ ePsf]df h'g;'s} JolQmn] glhssf] k|x/L sfof{nodf ph"/L
lbg ;Sg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd ph'/L lbg hfFbf glnPdf ;DalGwt cbfntdf ph'/L btf{sf] nflu dfu u/L
lgj]bg lbg ;lsg]5 .
!!= cg';Gwfg ug{ cfb]z lbg ;Sg]M bkmf !) adf]lhd lgj]bg k/]sf]df k|yd b[li6df g} s'g} JolQmnfO{ j]kQf
kg]{ sfo{ ePsf] b]lvPdf ;f] ;DaGwdf cg';Gwfg txlssft ug{ cbfntn] ;DalGwt lhNnf k|x/L
sfof{nonfO{ cfb]z lbg ;Sg]5 .
t/ ;DalGwt lhNnf k|x/L sfof{nosf k|d'vssf] lj?2df ph'/L k/]sf] cj:yfdf lgh eGbf dflyNnf]
clwsf/LnfO{ tT;DaGwdf cg';Gwfg ug{ cbfntn] cfb]z ug{ ;Sg]5 .
!@= cg';Gwfg txlssft ug]{ clwsf/Lsf] clwsf/M bkmf !! adf]lhd cbfntsf] cfb]zn] cg';Gwfg txlssft
ug'{ kbf{ s'g} JolQmnfO{ kqmfp ug'{ kg]{ ePdf, s'g} k|df0f nf]k jf gfz x'g glbg tTsfn s'g} sf/jfxL
ug'{ kg]{ ePdf, k|df0f ;+sng ug'{ kg]{ ePdf jf cGo s'g} cfjZos sfd sf/jfxL ug'{ kg]{ ePdf
56

cg';Gwfg txlssft ug]{ clwsf/Ln] k|rlnt ;/sf/ jfbL d'2f ;DaGwL sfg"gn] cg';Gwfg ug]{
clwsf/LnfO{ lbP ;/xsf] clwsf/ k|of]u ug{ ;Sg]5 .
!#= cg';Gwfg txlssftsf] nflu y'gfdf /fVg ;lsg]M -!_ s'g} JolQmnfO{ s;'/sf] cg';Gwfgsf] nflu kqmfp
ul/Psf]df af6fsf] Dofb afx]s rf}aL; 306f leq cbfnt ;dIf pkl:yt u/fpg kg]{5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] cjlw eGbf a9L s;}nfO{ klg y'gfdf /fVg ;lsg] 5}g .
-#_ s'g} JolQmnfO{ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] cjlweGbf a9L y'gfdf /fVg' kg]{ ePdf cg';Gwfg clwsf/Ln]
;f] sf] cfwf/ / sf/0f v'nfO{ cbfnt ;dIf cg'dltsf] nflu To:tf] JolQm ;lxt lgj]bg lbg' kg]{ 5 .
-$_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhdsf] lgj]bg k/]sf]df cbfntn] cg';Gwfgsf] l:ylt x]/L Ps} k6s jf k6s k6s
u/L a9Ldf kRrL; lbg;Dd y'gfdf /fVg] cg'dlt lbg ;Sg]5 .
!$= ;/sf/L jsLn sfof{no ;dIf cg';Gwfg k|ltj]bg k7fpg' kg]{M o; P]g cGtu{tsf] s;'/sf] ;DaGwdf
cg';Gwfg txlssft k'/f ePkl5 cg';Gwfg clwsf/Ln] ;DalGwt ;Ssn ldlzn, k|df0f / cfgf] /fo
;lxtsf] cg';Gwfg k|ltj]bg tof/ u/L ;DalGwt ;/sf/L jlsn sfof{no ;dIf k7fpg] kg]{5 .
!%= cg';Gwfg k|ltj]bg cbfnt ;dIf k]z ug'{ kg]{M cg';Gwfg clwsf/Ln] bkmf !$ adf]lhdsf] cg';Gwfg
k|ltj]bgsf] Ps k|lt cbfnt ;dIf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
!^= cleof]u kq bfo/ ug]{M bkmf !$ adf]lhd cg';Gwfg k|ltj]bg k|fKt ePkl5 k|rlnt ;/sf/ jfbL d'2f
;DaGwL sfg"gsf] k|s[of k'/f ubf{ d'2f rNg] b]lvPdf ;DalGwt ;/sf/L jsLnn] cleof]u kq tof/ u/L
cbfntdf bfo/ ug{' kg]{ 5 .
!&= ;hfo sd ug]{ dfu bfjL lnO{ cleof]u kq bfo/ ug{ ;lsg]M -!_ o; P]gdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf]
eP tfklg j]kQf kfg]{ sfo{df ;+nUg cleo'Qmn] cg';Gwfg clwsf/LnfO{ To:tf] s;"/sf] cg';Gwfg ug{
;xof]u k'ofPdf ;f] jfkt To:tf] cleo'QmnfO{ sfg"g adf]lhd x'g] ;hfodf 5"6 x'g To:tf] clwsf/Ln]
;/sf/L jsLn ;dIf l;kmfl/z ug{ ;Sb5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd l;kmfl/z eO{ cfPdf ;/sf/L jsLnn] ;f] l;kmfl/znfO{ ;d]t ljrf/ u/L
To:tf] cleo'QmnfO{ x'g] ;hfodf 5"6 lbg k|:tfj u/L zt{ ;lxtsf] dfu bfjL lnO{ cleof]u kq bfo/ ug{
;Sg]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd cleof]ukq bfo/ ubf{ ;/sf/L jsLnn] b]xfo adf]lhdsf] ;hfo 5"6sf]] k|:tfj
u/L cleof]ukq bfo/ ug{ ;Sg]5 M
-s_ cleo'Qmn] cfk"mn] u/]sf] s;"/ cg';Gwfg jf cleof]hg clwsf/L ;dIf k"0f{ ?kdf :jLsf/ u/L ;fljlt
ePdf lghnfO{ x'g] ;hfodf kRrL; k|ltzt ;Dd 5"6,
57

-v_ cleo'Qmn] cfk"m ;d]t ;+nUg ePsf] s;"/df ;fljt eO{ ;f] s;"/sf jf/]df cGo s;"/bf/ jf lu/f]x jf
s;"/ u/fpg lgb]{zg lbg] d'Vo JolQm eP ;f] s;"/sf] jf/]df lj:t[t tYo jtfpg jf lghnfO{ kqmfp ug{
jf s'g} ;Ful7t jf ;d"xut ?kdf ePsf] s;"/ eP ;f] s;"/df ;+nUg cGo JolQmx? jf To:tf] s;"/sf]
cfk/flws if8oGq x'g] :yfg b]vfpg, s;"/ ug{ k|of]u x'g] ;jf/L ;fwg, oGq, pks/0f jf cGo j:t' jf
xftxltof/ j/fdb ug{ jf hkmt ug{ ;3fp k'ofPsf] eP lghnfO{ x'g] ;hfodf krf; k|ltzt;Dd 5"6 .
-$_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd ;hfo 5"6sf] dfu bfjL ug{sf] nflu ;DalGwt d'2fsf] ldl;n ;+nUg
sfuhftaf6 To:tf] cleo'Qmn] To:tf] ;xof]u u/]sf] s'/f :ki6 ?kdf b]lvg' kg]{5 .
-%_ o; bkmfdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtf klg b]xfosf s;"/sf ;DaGwdf jf cj:yfdf
;hfodf 5"6 x'g] dfu bfjL ug{ ;lsg] 5}g M
-s_ Psk6s o; bkmf cGtu{tsf] ;'ljwf kfO;s]sf],
-v_ s}b ;hfo kfPsf]df To:tf] s}b e'Qmfg u/]sf] cjlw tLg jif{ k"/f gu/]sf],
-u_ h'g s;"/df cleof]u nufOg] xf] ;f]xL s;"/df Ps k6s ;hfo kfO;s]sf] .
-^_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd ;hfodf 5"6 kfpg] u/L cleof]u kq bfo/ eO{ ;s]kl5 To:Tff] cleo'Qmn]
cbfntdf cg';Gwfg clwsf/L jf cleof]hg ug]{ clwsf/L ;dIf lbPsf] eGbf km/s jofg lbPdf jf
k|lts"n k|df0f lbPdf jf cfk\mgf] s;"/ OGsf/ u/]df jf GofoLs sf/jflxdf ;xof]u gk'ofPdf lghn] o;
bkmf adf]lhdsf] ;'ljwf kfpg ;Sg] 5}g .
-&_ pkbkmf -^_ adf]lhdsf] cj:yfdf ;/sf/L jsLnn] pkbkmf -!_ jf -@_ adf]lhd k|:tfj u/LPsf] 5"6
;hfo /2 u/L yk ;hfosf] dfu u/L cbfntdf lgj]bg lbg' kg]{5 / To:tf] lgj]bg ;f]xL cleof]u kqsf]
cleGg c+u x'g]5 .
!*= d'2fsf] k'k{If ;DaGwL Joj:yfM -!_ k|rlnt sfg"gdf h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg tTsfn k|fKt
k|df0faf6 cleo'Qmn] s;'/ u/]sf] b]lvPdf cbfntn] To:tf] s;'/;Fu ;DalGwt d'2fdf cleo'QmnfO{ y'gfdf
/fvL sf/jfxL ug{' kg]{ 5 .
t/ To;/L y'gfdf /fVbf Gofosf] b[li6sf]0faf6 pko'Qm gx'g] s'/fdf cbfnt ljZj:t ePdf
lghaf6 w/f}6 jf hdfgt lnO{ d'2fsf] k'k{If ug{ afwf k'u]sf] dflgg] 5}g .
-@_ tTsfn k|fKt k|df0faf6 cleo'Qmn] s;"/ u/]sf] gb]lvPdf cbfntn] lghnfO{ tf/]vdf /fvL d'2fsf]
k'k{If ug'{ kg]{5 .

58

!(= 5'} sfg"g Joj;foL /fVg kfpg]M s;'/;Fu ;DalGwt d'2fsf] sf/jfxLsf] l;nl;nfdf kLl8tn] rfx]df 5'}
sfg"g Joj;foL ;d]t /fVg ;Sg]5 .
@)= ljb]zaf6 ;fIfL k|df0f a'em\g ;lsg]M k|rlnt sfg"gdf h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg o; P]g cGtu{tsf]
s;"/ ;DaGwL d'2fdf k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd g]kfn /fHoaf6 aflx/ /x] a;]s]f s'g} ;fIfL jf k|df0f a'e\mg
/ To:tf] ;fIfL jf k|df0fnfO{ g]kfndf ;ng tyf k/LIf0f ePsf] ;/x dfgL k|df0fdf lng ;lsg]5 .
@!= ;fIfLsf] ;+/If0f ug{ cfb]z lbg ;Sg]M -!_ o; P]g cGtu{tsf] d'2fdf ;fIfL /x]sf] s'g} JolQmnfO{ cbfnt
;dIf pkl:yt x'g jf cbfntdf jskq ul/;s]kl5 cfk\mgf] ;'/Iffdf vt/f /x]sf] 5 eGg] nfu]df lghn]
;f]sf] sf/0f v'nfO{ ;'/Iffsf] k|aGw ul/lbg cbfnt ;dIf lgj]bg lbg ;Sg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] cg'/f]w ePdf cbfntn] To:tf] ;fIfLsf] ;'/Iffsf] k|jGWf ug{ ;DalGwt
lgsfonfO{ cfb]z lbg ;Sg]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd cbfntn] cfb]z lbPdf To:tf] ;'/Iffsf] k|aGw ug]{ st{Jo To:Tff] lgsfosf]
x'g]5 .
-$_ o; bkmf adf]lhd ;fIfL ;+/If0f ug{ cbfntn] u/]sf] cfb]z adf]lhd ckgfOPsf] s'g} ljifosf
;DaGwdf s'g} cbfntdf k|Zg p7fpg kfOg] 5}g .
@@= kLl8t jf ;fIfLsf] kl/ro uf]Ko /fVg ;lsg]M -!_ o; P]g cGtu{tsf] s;'/af6 kLl8t JolQm jf ;fIfLsf]
kl/ro ;fj{hlgs ubf{ To:tf] JolQm jf ;fIfLsf] ;fdflhs k|lti7f jf OHht pk/ k|lts"n k|efj kg{
;Sg] jf lgh pk/ cleo'Qm jf cGo s'g} kIfaf6 cg'lrt 8/, qf; jf eo x'g ;Sg] jf lghsf] hLp,
Hofgsf] ;'/Iffdf k|lts"n x'g ;Sg] b]lvPdf To:tf] JolQm jf ;fIfLsf] gfd, y/, jtg jf lghsf] jfj'sf]
gfd jf lghsf] kl/ro x'g ;Sg] cGo s'g} x'lnof uf]Ko /fVg cg';Gwfg clwsf/Ln] ;/sf/L jsLn dfkm{t
cbfntnfO{ cg'/f]w ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd cg'/f]w ePsf]df cbfntn] To:tf] kLl8t JolQm jf ;fIfLsf] gfd, y/, jtg,
lghsf] jfj'sf] gfd jf lghsf] kl/ro uf]Ko /fVg] u/L cfb]z lbg ;Sg]5 .
-#_ kLl8t JolQm jf s'g} d'2fsf] ;fIfLsf] ?kdf /x]sf JolQmn] ;fIfLsf ?kdf /x]sf] sf/0fn] cfk"mnfO{
kIfaf6 cg'lrt 8/ qf; jf eo x'g ;Sg] jf cfk\mgf] lhp Hofgsf] ;'/Iffdf k|lts"n k|efj kg{ ;Sg] elg
k|x/L jf cbfntdf ;"rgf lbPdf k|x/Ln] To:tf ;fIfLsf] ;+/If0f ul/ lbg' kg]{5 .
-$_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd uf]Ko /flvPsf] JolQmsf] gfd, y/, jtg jf jfj'sf] gfd ;DalGwt d'2fsf]
;'g'jfO{sf jvt jf ;f] ;DaGwL ljj/0f k|sfzg ubf{sf jvt cbfntsf] cfb]z adf]lhd 5b\d gfd, y/,
jtg /fvL k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 .
59

@#= jGb;jfnf/f ;fIfL a'e\mg ;lsg]M -!_ o; P]gdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg d'2f bfo/
/x]sf] cbfntsf] If]qflwsf/ ePsf] Onfsf eGbf aflx/ /x] a;]sf] jf s'g} sf/0fn] cbfntdf pkl:yt x'g
g;Sg] t/ gj'emL gx'g] ;fIfLnfO{ d'2fsf] u+le/tf x]/L jGb;jfnf/f j'e\mg' kg]{ ePdf cbfntn] To;sf]
;"rgf d'2fsf kIfx?nfO{ lbg' kg]{5 .
-@_ d'2fsf] s'g} kIfn] rfx]df pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] jGb;jfndf cfk"mn] ;fIfL;Fu ;f]Wg rfx]sf]
k|Zgx? ;dfj]z ul/of]; egL sf/0f v'nfO{ cbfntdf lgj]bg ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhdsf] s'g} lgj]bg k/]df / cbfntn] To:tf] k|Zg To:tf] aGb;jfndf ;dfj]z x'g'
dgfl;j 7fg]df ;f] k|Zg ;d]t To:tf] jGb;jfndf ;dfj]z ug{ cfb]z lbg]5 / ;f]xL adf]lhd aGb
;jfnsf] k|Zgx? tof/ ul/g]5 .
-$_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd aGb;jfnf/f ;fIfL a'e\mbf d'2fsf] s'g} kIfn] rfx]df jGb;jfn k7fOPsf]
cbfntdf pkl:yt e} k|df0f ;DjGwL k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd ;fIfL kl/If0f, lh/x jf k'gM ;f]wk'5 ug{
;Sg]5 .
@$= >Job[Zo ;+jfb -lel8of] sGkm/]G;_ dfk{mt ;fIfL a'e\mg ;lsg]M -!_ o; P]g adf]lhd a'emg' kg]{ ;fIfL
zf/Ll/s ?kdf czQm ePsf] jf gfjfns ePsf] jf ;'/Iffsf] sf/0fn] ubf{ lghnfO{ cbfntdf pkl:Yft
u/fpg g;lsg] ePdf ;DalGwt kIfn] ;f]xL Joxf]/f vf]nL >Job[Zo ;+jfb -lel8of] sGkm/]G;_ dfk{mt
To:tf] ;fIfL a'emgsf] nflu cbfntdf lgj]bg lbg ;Sg]5 .
-@_ s'g} vf; k|s[ltsf] ;fIfLsf] k/LIf0f >Job[Zo ;Djfb -le8Lof] sGkm/]G;_ dfkm{t u/fpg cbfntn]
cfb]z u/]df ;f]xL adf]lhd ;fIfL k/LIf0f ug'{ kg]{5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] lga]bg k/]df / lga]bgdf plNNfvt sf/0f dgfl;j b]lvPdf jf pkbkmf -@_
adf]lhd cbfntn] cfb]z lbPdf cbfntn] To:tf] ;fIfL >Job[Zo ;+jfb -lel8of] sGkm/]G;_ dfk{mt a'emg
;Sg]5 .
-$_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhd >Job[Zo ;+jfb -lel8of] sGkm/]G;_ ubf{ cbfntsf] cg'dlt lnO{ d'2fsf]
;DalGwt kIf To:tf] ;Djfb :yndf pkl:yt eO{ ;f]wk'5 lh/x jf k'gM ;f]wk'5 ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-%_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhd ;fIfL a'em\bf To:tf] ;fIfLn] JoQm u/]sf] s'/f clen]v x'g] Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 /
cbfntn] >Job[Zo ;+jfb -lel8of] sGkm/]G;_ sf] clen]v /fVg' kg]{5 .
-^_ >Job[Zo ;+jfb -lel8of] sGkm/]G;_ dfkm{t ;fIfL a'em]sf] clen]v tf]lsPsf] 9fFrfdf /fVg' kg]{5 .

60

kl/5]b$
ljljw
@%= aGb Ohnf;df ;'g'jfO{ x'g]M -!_ ;/sf/L jlsnn] cg'/f]w u/]df o; P]g cGtu{tsf] s;'/ ;DaGwL d'2fsf]
sf/jfxL / ;'g'jfO{ aGb Ohnf;df ug]{ u/L cbfntsf] cfb]z lng ;Sg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd cfb]z ePdf kIf ljkIf, lghx?sf] sfg"g Joj;foL / cbfntn]
cg'dlt lbPsf] JolQmdfq aGb Ohnf;df k|j]z ug{ ;Sg]5 .
@^= g]kfn ;/sf/ jfbL x'g]M o; P]g cGtu{tsf] d'2f g]kfn ;/sf/ jfbL x'g]5 / ;f] d'2f ;/sf/L d'2f ;DaGwL
P]g, @)$( sf] cg';"rL! df ;dfj]z ePsf] dflgg]5 .
@&= k|df0fsf] ef/M k|rlnt sfg"gdf h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtf klg s;}n] kqmfp u/]sf] jf lgoGq0fdf lnPsf]
s'g} JolQm a]kQf ePsf] kfO{Pdf To:tf] JolQmnfO{ lghn] j]kQf kf/]sf] xf]Og egL k|df0f k'ofpg] ef/
To;/L kqmfp ug]{ jf lgoGq0fdf lng] JolQmdf /xg]5 .
@*= em'7f ph'/ ug]{nfO{ ;hfoM s;}nfO{ s'g} lsl;dsf] xflg gf]S;fgL k'ofpg] jf b'Mv lbg] lgotn] s;}n]
em'7f ph'/ lbPsf] 7x/]df lghnfO{ d'2f x]g]{ clwsf/Ln] kfFr xhf/ ?k}of;Dd hl/jfgf ug{ ;Sg]5 .
@(= y'gfdf /fVg]sf] bfloTjM -!_ s'g} JolQmnfO{ k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd y'gfdf /fVbf To;/L y'gfdf /fVg]
JolQmsf] bfloTj b]xfo adf]lhd x'g]5M
-s_ sfg'g adf]lhd y'gfdf /fVg] clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] s;}nfO{ klg dfgjlrt Go"gtd ;'ljwf glbO{
y'gfdf /fVg gx'g] .
-v_ k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd s'g} JolQmnfO{ lx/f;tdf /fVbf To:tf] JolQmnfO{ kqmfp ul/Psf] 7fpF, ldlt /
;do ;d]t pNn]v u/L lx/f;tdf /fVg' kg]{ sf/0f ;lxtsf] ;"rgf lbg' kg]{ .
-u_ s'g} JolQmnfO{ lx/f;tdf /flvPsf]df lghsf] gfd, y/, pd]/ k'/f jtg, afa' cfdfsf] gfd, lghsf]
gful/stfsf] k|df0fkq jf lghsf] klxrfg v'Ng] cGo s'g} sfuhft eP To;sf] k|ltlnlk jf geP lghsf]
jf:tljs kl/ro v'Ng] u/L tl:j/ jf cf}7f 5fk lng] .
-3_ y'gfdf /fVbf jf y'gfdf /x]sf] JolQmnfO{ y'gf x:tfGt/0f ubf{ ;f]sf] hfgsf/L lghsf] glhssf] gft]bf/nfO{
lbg' kg]{ .
-_ k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd kqmfp ul/Psf] JolQmn] sfg'g Joj;foL;Fu ;Nnfx lng rfx]df To:tf] sfg'g
Joj;foL;Fu ;Nnfx lng] df}sf lbg' kg]{ .
-r_ y'gfdf /flvPsf] JolQmnfO{ lghsf] cfkmGt jf kl/jf/hg;u} e]63f6 ug{ lbg'kg]{ .

61

-5_ kqmfp ug{ jf y'gfdf /fVg cfb]z lbg] clwsf/Lsf] gfd, kb / sfof{nosf] 7]ufgf nufotsf k|zlgs
ljj/0fx? pNn]v u/L clen]vg ug'{ kg]{ .
-h_ tf]lsP adf]lhdsf] y'gf 8fo/L tof/ u/L /fVg' kg]{ .
-em_ tf]lsP adf]lhdsf] cGo bfloTj k'/f ug'{ kg]{ .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df pNn]lvt bfloTj kfngf eP gePsf] ;DaGwdf cfjZostf cg';f/ cbfnt, /fli6o
dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u jf ;DalGwt ;/sf/L jlsnn] clen]v x]/L cfjZostf cg';f/ lgb]{zg lbg
;Sg]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd lbOPsf] lgb]{zg kfngf ug'{ ;DalGwt lgsfo jf kbflwsf/Lsf] st{Jo x'g]5 .
#)= ;'/fsL / To;sf] ljj/0f uf]Ko /flvg]M o; P]g cGtu{tsf] s;"/ u/]sf] jf ug{ nfu]sf] 5 eGg] s'/fsf]
;"rgf lbg] ;'/fsLsf] gfd / 7]ufgf lghn] rfx]df cg';Gwfg clwsf/Ln] uf]Ko /fVg' kg]{5 .
#!= k'/:sf/ ;DaGwL Joj:yfM o; P]g cGtu{tsf] s;"/ dflgg] s'g} sfo{ ePsf] 5 eGg] s'/fsf] s;}n] ;"rgf
lbPsf] cfwf/df kLl8tnfO{ p4f/ ul/Pdf jf To:tf] sfo{df ;+nUg JolQm kqmfp k/]df To:tf] ;'/fs lbg]
JolQmnfO{ cg';Gwfg clwsf/Ln] plrt k'/:sf/ lbg ;Sg]5 .
#@= k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd d'2f rnfpg afwf gkg]{M o; P]g adf]lhd s;'/ dflgg] s'g} sfo{ cGo k|rlnt
sfg'g adf]lhd klg ;hfo x'g] /x]5 eg] To:tf] s;'/ adf]lhd d'2f rnfpg tyf sf/jfxL ug{ o; P]gn]
afwf k'ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g .
##= o;} P]g adf]lhd x'g]M o; P]gdf n]lvPsf] s'/fdf o;} P]g adf]lhd / c?df k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd x'g]5
.

62

*= cltl/Qm ;'emfjM
!=;jf]{Rr cbfntn] JolQm j]kQf kfg]{ sfo{, oftgf, o"4 ck/fw nufotsf ulDe/
dfgjclwsf/ pNn+3gx?nfO{ ck/flws/0f ug]{ sfg'g lgdf{0f ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{
lgb]{zgfTds cfb]z lbPsf] ePklg k|:t't sfo{bnn] cfkm\gf] sfof{b]z jdf]lhd JolQm
j]kQf kfg]{ sfo{nfO{ ck/flws/0f ug]{ ;DjlGw ljw]ossf] d;f}bf ul/ k|:t't k|ltj]bgdf
;d]l6Psf] 5 . t;y{, oftgf, o"4 ck/fw,hftL xTof tyf dfgjtf lj?4sf] ck/fwsf]
xsdf cfjZos ljw]osx? th'{df u/L sfg'g lgdf{0fsf] k|lqmof cufl8 j9fpg' kg]{ .
@=cfof]u u7g ;DalGw ljw]osx? ljwflosf ;+;bjf6 kf/Lt ePnut} cfof]un]
sfdsf/jfxL cuf8L j9fpg ;Sg] jftfj/0f >[hgf ug{sf]nflu P]gsf] k|efjsf/L
sfof{Gjogsfnflu cfjZos kg]{ lgodfjnL tyf lgb]{lzsfx?sf] th'{dfsf] sfdnfO{ klg
g]kfn ;/sf/n] oyfl;3| cufl8 j9fpg] .
#=o; k|ltj]bgdf ;'emfO{Psf tLgj6} ljw]osx? Pscsf{df kl/k'/s ePsf]n] sfg'g
lgdf{0fsfnflu Ps;fy cuf8L j9fpg pko"Qm x'g] .
$=ljutsf pNn+3gjf/]sf] ;To cGj]if0fsf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ k|ljlw, 1fg tyf l;knfO{
;'b[l9s/0f ug]{ tkm{ Wofg lbg] .

63

cg';"rLM
s k/fdz{ tyf 5nkmnsfo{qmddf cleJoQm ;'emfj
v

ljifo ljz]if1 sfo{bn u7g ;DaGwL lg0f{o

k/fdz{ j}7sdf ;xeflux?sf] gfdfjnL

64

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