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Locally advanced =
Non metastatic = tidak merebak
Radioresistant = rintang terhadap sinaran
Kesan biologi oleh radiasi yang berbeza tidak hanya bergantung pada :
Radiasi LET tinggi = neutron,pions, ion berat =tenaga rendah = kesan biologi semakin besar
Radiasi LET rendah =Photon,electron, proton bertenaga tinggi. = tenaga tinggi = kesan biologi
semakin kecil
LET tinggi sgt efektif untuk rawatan = kanser yang lambat proses pertumbuhan,besar, dan rintang
terhadap sinaran.
Cth : knser kelenjar liur,PNS,kepala dan leher,prostate,tulang dan payudara; tisu lembut
sarcoma,uterine sarcoma,dan melanoma.
Definasi = Nisbah dos radiasi rujukan (biasanya Co60) yang diperlukan untuk menghasilkan
kesan biologi tertentu terhadap kesan radiasi yang diberi yang diperlukan untuk menghasilkan kesan yang
sama.
Definasi = Nisbah dos radiasi yang diperlukan untuk menghasilkan kesan biologi yang tertentu di
bawah keadaan kurang oksigen terhadap dos yang diperlukan untuk menghasilkan kesan yang sama di
bawah keadaan beroksigen.
3D CRT (conformal Radiotherapy)..
Intraoperative Radiotherapy is a type of Partial Breast Irradiation in which the entire radiation
therapy treatment is given during surgery, immediately following the removal of the breast
cancer. Intraoperative Radiotherapy permits breast cancer surgery and radiotherapy to be given
on a single day, instead of the usual practice of administering radiotherapy over 6-7 weeks after
surgery.
Photo A
Photo B
Figure 1. Photo A shows the Photon Radiosurgery System. Photo B shows
Intrabeam Photon Radiosurgery system covered by one of several different-
sized applicators (arrow) designed to fit the lumpectomy cavity.
The Intrabeam PRS System is placed in the lumpectomy cavity following removal of the berast
cancer (See Figure 2)
Drawing A Drawing B
The Photon Radio System is capable of delivering radiation to the inside of the breast targeting
breast tissue immediately surrounding the lumpectomy cavity. This permits the entire treatment
to be given in a single dose. Also, since Targeted Intraoperative Radiotherapy can be placed
dierctly into the lumpectomy cavity, radiotherapy can be given to the parts of the breast that need
it most, while sparing the nearby normal breast, chest, and shoulder from the effects of radiation.
Brakiterapi
-kaedah rawatan radioterapi dimana sumber radioterapi yang di ‘sealed’ digunakan untuk memberi radiasi
pada jarak yang pendek melalui cara , meletakkannya di dalam tisu (interstitial), di dalam ruang organ
(intracavitory) dan pada permukaan kulit (surface application).
-Dos radiasi yang tinggi dapat diberi secara terus pada tumor dengan pengurangn sertamerta dos pada tisu
yang berhampiran.(……deliverd locally to tumour with rapid fall-off in sorrunding tissue)