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2.1 (Work Study)




2.1.1
(2527)
(Work System )
(2539)

(2543) (Work Study)


(Method Study) (Work
Measurement)


(Work Study)


2.1.2
(2543)
1.

2.

6

2.1

-
-

2.1
: (2543)
2.1.3
(2543)
8
1.
2.

3.

4.

7
5.

6.

7.

8.

2.1.4
(2539)

1.



2.




3.


5W 1H ECRS

8

2.1
2.1

1. (Why)

(What)

(Eliminate)

(Why)

2.

(Where)

(Combine)

3.
(When)

4.
(Who)

5.
(How)

(Why)

(Why)

(Why)

5 W 1H

(Rearrange)

(Simplification)

ECRS

: (2539)
2.1.5
(2539)

9





2.1 2.2
100

2.1

= 100

2.2

2.1.6 (Method Study)


1.
(2527)
(Method Study)

2.

.
.
3.

10
.
.

.

.
.

4. (Process Analysis)
. (Operation Process Chart)







. (Flow Process Chart)



3
(Man Type) (Materials Type)
(Man and Machine Type)

11





2.2 (Principles of Motion Economy)

3
. (Use of Human Body)

1)
2)
3)

4)
5)
6)
7)
8)
9)
. (Arrangement of The Workplace)

1)
2)
2.2 2.3

12

2.2
: (2539)

2.3
: (2539)
3)

4)
5)
6)
7)
. (Design of Tools And
Equipment)
1)

13
2) 2
3) 10

4)
5)

2.3

(Pareto Diagram)
7

(2544:39)



..1907

.



1.
2.

3.

14
4.



2.4

2.4
: (2544:39)
1.

2.


.
.
.
.

15
.
3. 5
5

2.4 Six Sigma


(2548) [Internet]
Six Sigma

1. (Select Output Characteristic)


1.1 (Define Phase)


Six Sigma


Six Sigma
1.2

16
2. (Define Performance Standards)
2.1 (Measure Phase)

DPMO
1

2.2
()

3. (Validate Measurement System)


(Measurement System Analysis)

Total Variability = Product Variability + Measurement Variability

2.3

Observed Value = Master Value + Measurement Error

2.4

Measurement Error

Observe Value Master

2.5 (Measurement System Analysis)


: http:// Lear.com/cr/ci/Six Sigma/index.htm

17
4. (Establish Process Capability)
( 1)
( 2) ( 3)
Z long term-Z short term DPMO
Z The Z-Score X
Standard deviations
Z-score
(Quality level -% Defects)
(Standard scale of measure) Z-score 2.6 2.7

2.6 Z-score (Standard scale of measure)


: http:// Lear.com/cr/ci/Six Sigma/index.htm

2.7 (Normalized Distribution)


: http:// Lear.com/cr/ci/Six Sigma/index.htm

18

Z-Score USL LSL 2.8
Statistical Problem USL
Practical Problem

LSL Z-Score 2.8


Standard Score Distribution

Raw Score Distribution

15

Frequency

Frequency

10

10

97.5

98.5

99.5

100.5

101.5

102.5

103.5

104.5

105.5

106.5

-3

-2

-1

Amount

2.8 USL LSL


: http:// Lear.com/cr/ci/Six Sigma/index.htm

0
Z-score

19
5. (Define Performance Objectives)

DPMO ( Dollar Savings


)
Six Sigma

Z-Bench
Shor t T er m

Reduction
T ar get

<=3
>3

90%
50%

2.9 Six Sigma


: http:// Lear.com/cr/ci/Six Sigma/index.htm
2.5

() (2552) [Internet] Sensor


1. Limit Switch ()

2. Photo Electric Sensors

Photo Electric Sensors
3. Proximity Sensors

2
Sensor

20
a. (Inductive)
b. (Capacitive)
Sensor 2.2
2.2

-
-
(Limit Switches)
- -
(Isolated)
( 1.5 /)
- -

-
- (IP)
-

-
-

: http://www.Servoline.com/index.php?lay=show&ac=article&Id

21
2.2 ()

- -
(Inductive Proximity Sensors)

- ( 60 mm)

-
- (IP)
-
-
(Switching
- Point)

-
()

(Capacitive Proximity Sensors)

-
(Partition)

: http://www.Servoline.com/index.php?lay=show&ac=article&Id

22
2.2 ()

- -
(PhotoElectricSensors)

- -

: http://www.Servoline.com/index.php?lay=show&ac=article&Id
2.6 (Infrared Sensor)

(2549) [Internet]
1,011 1,014 10-3 10-6


2

Iried
20

23
2

1.

2.10

2.10
: http://Research.crma.ac.th(2549)
2.

2.11

2.11
: http://Research.crma.ac.th(2549)

24
2.7
(2552) [Internet]
(Microcontroller) 2 (Micro)
(Controller)


1. (CPU: Central Processing Unit)


2. (Memory) 2
(Program Memory)

(Data Memory)

(RAM)

(EEPROM : Erasable Electrically Read-Only Memory)

3. (Port) 2
(Input Port) (Output Port)

25


4. (BUS)

(Data Bus) (Address Bus)
(Control Bus)

8 16 32 64



2 n (n )
10 2
10 1,024
8
10 8x1,024 8,192 1 1,024
8,192
1,024 1
- -
5.

26
2.8 Microcontroller
(2552) [Internet]
Microcontroller ( MCU)
C Basic

Assembly Compiler
Compiled
Microcontroller
Assembly Compile
Assembler MCU Chip MCU Assembler
Microchip MPASM Hex file
2.12

2.12 Hex file 1


: http://www.Inex.co.th/micro/whatismicro.html
Assembly Compile
Object files Linker Link
Script file MCU Link Hex file
C Basic
Assembly Object files Assembler
Assembly Compiled Compiler Link

27
Linker Link Library
Hex file 2.13

2.13 Hex file 2


: http://www.Inex.co.th/micro/whatismicro.html
Hex file Chip
Software
Programmer Serial Parallel
Chip

28
2.9

Poka-Yoke

(2552)
[Internet] Poka-Yoke
Dr.Shingo 2



Poka-Yoke (Fool Proof)
Dr.Shingo Poka-Yoke

Poka-Yoke
(Mistake-Proofing) (Fail-Safe)
Poka-Yoke
Poka-Yoke 2

Poka-Yoke

Poka-Yoke

(Rework)
Poka-Yoke

Poka-Yoke
(Defect)

(Device) Poka-Yoke

29
2.9.1 Poka-Yoke
1. (Control Methods)



(Warning Methods)
2. (Warning Methods)

2.9.2 Poka-Yoke

1. (Contact Methods)

2. (Fixed Value Methods)




3. (Motion Step Methods)

30

2.14 Poka-Yoke
: http://www.Nubi.nu.ac.th/webie/pokayoke.html
2.9.3 Poka-Yoke Zero Defect
1. (Zero Defect)
1.1 (Source Inspection)
1.2 100
1.3
2.
100
2.1 (Source Inspection) 60
2.2 (Poka-Yoke) 30
2.3
10

(Source Inspection) Poka-Yoke
(Source Inspection)

31
Poka-Yoke (Source Inspection)

000000 Poka-Yoke
(Physical Detection
Methods)

(Sensory Detection Methods) Successive
Checks Self-Checks
Successive Checks Self-Checks
Zero Defect
Successive Checks Self-Checks
Dr.Shingo Poka-Yoke
Successive Checks Self-Checks
Poka-Yoke

2.10
(2540)




325
402 23.69 Stop time
22.89 12.51 45.35
Down time 9.54
7.19 24.63 50.82

32
(2537)

0.25
0.18 28
4.77 3.32
30.40

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