Psychology (from Greek, literally "to talk about the soul", from ψυχή, "psyche", soul,

and λόγος, "logos") is an academic and applied discipline involving the scientific
study of mental processes and behavior. There is some tension between scientific
psychology (with its program of empirical research) and applied psychology (dealing
with a number of areas, but primarily counseling).
Psychologists attempt to explain the mind and brain in the context of real life, in
contrast to the physiological approach used by neurologists. Psychologists study
such phenomena as perception, cognition, emotion, personality, behavior, and
interpersonal relationships. Psychology also refers to the application of such
knowledge to various spheres of human activity, including issues related to daily
life—e.g. family, education, and work—and the treatment of mental health problems.
In addition to dissecting the brain's implementation of elementary mental functions,
psychology also attempts to understand the role these functions play in social
behavior and in social dynamics, while incorporating the underlying physiological
and neurological processes into its conceptions of mental functioning. Psychology
includes many sub-fields of study and application concerned with such areas as
human development, sports, health, industry, media, law, and transpersonal
psychology.

Mind and brain

Psychology describes and attempts to explain consciousness, behavior, and social
interaction. Empirical psychology is primarily devoted to describing human
experience and behavior as it actually occurs. Since the 1980s, psychology has
begun to examine the relationship between consciousness and the brain or nervous
system. It is still not clear how these interact: does consciousness determine brain
states or do brain states determine consciousness - or are both going on in various
ways? Or, is consciousness some sort of complicated 'illusion' that bears no direct
relationship to neural processes? Perhaps to understand this, it is necessary to
define "consciousness" and "brain state". An understanding of brain function is
increasingly being included in psychological theory and practice, particularly in areas
such as artificial intelligence, neuropsychology, and cognitive neuroscience.