Physi ology of Stomach and small i ntesti ne

Gastro-intestinal Tract (GIT)

GIT consists of :

Upper Gastrointestinal Tract

mouth

esophagus

stomach

duodenum

Lower Gastrointestinal Tract

Small Intestine

Large Intestine
Stomach
Introduction:
Stomach has a sac-like shape and it is present in
between esophagus and small intestine.
Parts of Stomach:

Fundus

od!

"ntrum

#!lorus
Functions of Stomach:
There are three ma$or functions of stomach:

Storage

%i&ing 'digestion(

)mpt!ing of Stomach
Storage

Food is stored in the *bod!+ of the stomach.

Stomach stores food for

Mixing (digestion)
,
Stomach produces rh!thmic mo-ements called *paristaltic
mo-ements.+
,
This peristaltic mo-ement spreads o-er fundus and bod! to
the antrum.
,
These peristaltic mo-ements allow bolus to mi& with
gastric $uice and con-erting it into semi-fluid called
ch!me.
,
./l present in gastric $uice helps results in breakdown
of bolus into smaller parts.
,
This mi&ing results in absorption of proteins.
Gastric Emptying
The strong peristaltic contractions force
ch!me to pass through p!loric sphincter into
duodenum.
Motility of Small Intestine
The small intestine produces a number of different
contractions.
Peristalsis & Segmental Contractions
,
Segmental contractions are used for mixing chyme with the digestive
juices.
,
These are alternate contraction and relaxation.
Peristaltic contractions are responsible for the
forward movement of chyme.