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2 2
cosh2 (x)
(1)
1
2 2
mx 2 cosh
2 (x)
2
r
m
dx
q
t=
2 2
2
E + cosh
2 (x)
E=
r
=
r
=
r
=
m
2
m
22
m
22
r
=
r
=
E cosh2 (x) + 2 2
d(sinh(x))
p
du
q
1+
E u2
E+ 2 2
r
;
d
1 + 2
m
arcsinh(
22 E
E
u)
E + 2 2
m
arcsinh(
22 E
E
sinh(x))
E + 2 2
r
22 E
E
t = arcsinh(
sinh(x))
m
E + 2 2
r
sinh(
r
du = cosh(x) dx
du
+ E u2
u = sinh(x) ,
2 2
m
1
2
2
E + 2 2
m
22 E
E + 2 2 + E sinh2 (x)
m
arcsinh()
22 E
cosh(x)dx
p
r
=
22 E
t) =
m
E
sinh(x))
E + 2 2
r
E + 2 2
22 E
sinh(
t) = sinh(x)
E
m
r
r
1
E + 2 2
22 E
x(t) = arcsinh(
sinh(
t))
E
m
E
u,
E + 2 2
r
d =
E
du
E + 2 2
1. 2 2 < E < 0 :
1
x(t) = arcsinh(i
E + 2 2
sinh(i
|E|
22 |E|
t))
m
s
r
1
E + 2 2
22 |E|
x(t) = arcsinh(
sin(
t))
|E|
m
s
2m
T (E) =
|E|
(2)
(3)
2. E > 0 :
1
x(t) = arcsinh(
r
E + 2 2
22 E
sinh(
t))
E
m
(4)
3. E = 0 :
r
t=
r
=
=
r
m
2
dx
q
m
2 2 2
2 2
cosh2 (x)
cosh(x) dx
m
sinh(x)
2 2 2
2 2 2
t = sinh(x)
m
1
x(t) = arcsinh(2
2
t)
m
We can also take the limit when E 0 in the expressions (2) and (4):
In rst order terms, we can approximate sin(x) w x and sinh(x) w x, |x| 1
s
r
1
E + 2 2
22 |E|
x(t) = lim arcsinh(
sin(
t))
E0
|E|
m
s
r
1
E + 2 2 22 |E|
x(t) = lim arcsinh(
t)
E0
|E|
m
r
p
1
22
x(t) = lim arcsinh( E + 2 2
t)
E0
m
r
2
1
2
x(t) = arcsinh( 2 2
t)
m
1
x(t) = arcsinh(2
2
t)
m
(5)
r
r
1
E + 2 2
22 E
x(t) = lim arcsinh(
sinh(
t))
E0
E
m
s
r
1
E + 2 2 22 |E|
x(t) = lim arcsinh(
t)
E0
|E|
m
r
p
1
22
x(t) = lim arcsinh( E + 2 2
t)
E0
m
r
1
22
x(t) = arcsinh( 2 2
t)
m
1
x(t) = arcsinh(2
2
t)
m
lim
E0
2m
=
|E|
(6)