TALISMAN

E N E R G y
NAO ENGINEERING SPECIFICATIONS - PIPING FOR FACILITIES
PIPING DESIGN AND PLANT LAYOUT
NAO-SPC-D-PF-006
PIPING DESIGN AND
PLANT LA YOUT
Issue: 2011/01/01
Next Review Date:
June 2011 Published by:
HSE/OI Staff Responsible: Talisman Energy Inc.
Mechanical Technical Authority
Operational Integrity Department
APPROVALS:
Calgary
Tech Auth:
Copyright is owned by Talisman Energy Inc. All
Eng. Auth:
rights are hereby reserved. This document (in
whole or in part) may not be reproduced, stored in
VP-HSEOI:
a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or
means, without the prior written permission of
Talisman, or as expressly permitted by law.
Note: This is an existing specification currently being used by Talisman and has not been
technically reviewed or signed off by the Technical Authority at this time. Over time, these
specifications will be rebuilt and validated through a specification review process. Please
ensure that you use the most current copy of the specs listed on the NAO Portal under
Engineering Specifications. The Technical Authority identified on the cover sheet is the point of
contact for this specification.
Attention: Paper copies are uncontrolled. This copy is valid only at time of printing, 12/15/2010.
The controlled document is available on the Talisman NAO Portal.
COLT ENGINEERING CORPORATION
Rev. 1 September 1998
GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS
SECOND ISSUE
PIPING DESIGN AND PLANT LAYOUT
GS903.01 Pa1!e 2 of22
11.0 PRESSURE RELIEF SYSTEMS
11.1 General
11.2 Piping
11.3 Discharge to Atmosphere
11.4 Piping to a Closed System
11.5 Block Valves
11.6 Location
12.0 IN-LINE INSTRUMENTS
13.0 SAMPLE CONNECTIONS
14.0 UTILITY STATIONS
15.0 LIQUID SULPHUR SERVICE PIPING
16.0 NON-CODE PIPING (PIPING NOT COVERED BY APPLICABLE CODES)
17.0 TANK FARM PIPING
18.0 FIREWATER LINES
19.0 CHEMICAL INJECTION
20.0 PIPING FLEXIBILITY
20.1 General
20.2 Provision for Expansion
21.0 PIPE SUPPORTS
21.1 Design
21.2 Requirements
21.3 Shoes and Guides
21.4 Spring Supports and Hangers
21.5 Gussets
22.0 SAFETY MEASURES
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Rev. 1 Septem ber 1998
GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS
SECOND ISSUE
PIPING DESIGN AND PLANT LAYOUT
GS903.01 Pa1!e 3 of22
1.0 SCOPE
This specification describes the bases for the overall design of process and utility piping.
The requirements governing the arrangement of equipment and piping and shall apply to
all piping systems and pai1s of such systems.
2.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
2.1 Conflcting Requirements
.1 Where City, County, Provincial or Federal codes conflict with this specification, the
more rigid specification shall govern.
.2 Any deviations from this specification must be approved in writing by the responsible
engineer.
2.2 Drawings
The standard drawings, codes and specifications referred to and listed throughout this
specification shall form part of this specification.
3.0 CODES AND STANDARDS
Minimum piping requirements are to be equal to or shall exceed requirements of the
following applicable codes. Any mandatory Federal, Provincial or local code in effect at
the project site are to be complied with:
.1 All piping shall be in accordance with ASME B31.1 or B3l.3 Codes, as applicable.
.2 American Standard Code for Steel Pipe flanges and Flanged Fittings, ASME/ANSI
B16.5 and ASME BI6.47.
.3 Canadian Standard for Oil and Gas Pipeline Systems CSA Z 662.
.4 ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, where applicable and other standards, as
indicated on the flow diagrams.
.5 Standards and specifications referred to specifically or implicitly in codes and
regulations cited in this specification.
.6 All standards will be latest edition as published on the day of signing of the contract,
unless otherwise specified in the contract.
4.0 MATERIALS
All materials will be in accordance with Colt standard material specifications number
GS903-02.
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Rev. 1 Septem ber 1998
GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS
SECOND ISSUE
PIPING DESIGN AND PLANT LAYOUT
GS903.01 Pa1!e 4 of 22
Pre-piped or packaged items may be to manufacturers standards if approved in writing by
the responsible engineer.
No valves and fittings of brass, aluminum or cast iron, nodular iron or semi-steel shall be
used without approval of the responsible engineer in writing. Special note of this
requirement must be taken with respect to packaged equipment.
3/8", 1-1/4",2-1/2" and 5" pipe sizes shall not be used, except where required to connect
to equipment. Conversion to standard piping shall be as near to the equipment as possible.
Minimum pipe size run shall be 3/4", except for connections to equipment or instrument
services or steam tracing. Smaller sizes will be run as tubing.
Locking devices for valves will be provided by owner.
In pipeways, the minimum size for process and utility lines shall be 2" or as otherwise
governed by length of span. Smaller sizes can be run as piping tubing or tube bundles
suppoi1ed in cabletrays or other suitable means.
Flat face flanges shall be installed against flat face equipment and cast/ductile iron flanges.
Materials in sour service shall meet the chemical and physical properties required per
NACE MROI75.
5.0 LINE DESIGNATIONS AND LINE LISTS
5.1 Line Designations
All mechanical flow diagrams and piping drawings shall give the line designation
consisting of:
. I Line size
.2 Service description
.3 Line number from a master index
.4 Material specification description
.5 Insulation thickness and type of insulation
.6 Size and number of
tracers
.7 Type of tracing
5.2 Line Lists (Line designation table)
A line list shall be provided showing:
All items in 5.1 plus:
.1 Origin and termination on line.
.2 Operating and design temperature.
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COLT ENGINEERING CORPORATION
Rev. 1 Septem ber 1998
GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS
SECOND ISSUE
PIPING DESIGN AND PLANT LAYOUT
GS903.01 Page 5 of22
.3 Operating and design pressure.
.4 Test pressures and test medium.
.5 Minimum temperature at which pressure testing is allowed.
.6 Minimum design metal temperature (MDMT).
6.0 DESIGN CONDITIONS
6.1 Design Conditions
Design conditions of pressure and temperature shall be the most severe conditions
expected to co-exist under usual long time operating conditions. These conditions include
all manipulation and control functions such as throttling, block and bypassing likely to be
used for operation and control. Also included are more severe temporary conditions, such
as those incidental to start up, shutdown, steam-out or abnormal operation.
Temporary conditions govern as design conditions only when there is clear evidence they
definitely exceed time and severity limits in Paragraph 302.2.4 of ASME B3 I .3.
6.2 Design Temperature
Design temperature is the most severe sustained fluid temperature, subject to conditions of
Section 6. I above. Design temperature of internally insulated or non-insulated
components may be the metal temperature rather than the fluid temperature.
Design temperature for steam traced piping shall be the fluid temperature or 10C below
saturation temperature of tracing steam, whichever is greater.
Design temperature for piping with a fluid operating temperature below minus 29C, shall
be the lowest temperature that can be reached during operation. In addition, design shall
take into account the ambient temperature as this may be lower than the lowest operating
temperature.
6.3 Design Pres~ure
Design pressure shall be the most severe condition of internal or external fluid pressure,
subject to conditions of Section 6.1 above.
Design pressure for unrelieved piping systems subject to pump discharge pressure, shall be
pump differential pressure at shut-off conditions, plus normal pump suction pressure and
hydrostatic head.
Design pressure for piping systems operating under vacuum shall be full vacuum.
Exception may be taken where suitable protection against vacuum failure is provided. All
steam systems shall be suitable for full vacuum.
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Rev. 1 September 1998
GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS
SECOND ISSUE
PIPING DESIGN AND PLANT LAYOUT
GS903.01 Pa1!e 6 of22
For piping system protected by relief valves, the relief valve set pressure shall be equal to
the design pressure minus the hydrostatic head below the relief
valve.
7.0 LAYOUT AND ARRNGEMENT
7.1 General
The primary consideration in arrangement of units and equipment is to provide an
economical plant, safe and easy to operate and maintain. The arrangement should favour
compactness and integrated disposition of units and equipment. Space should be provided
around equipment for convenient operation and maintenance access. Within the units,
space for future needs shall be provided only where specifically designated and if specified
in the contract. Equipment spacing will be in accordance with Industrial Risk Insurers
Guidelines (M.2.5.2.
7.2 Maintenance
Plant design and arrangement are based on the assumption that mobile equipment will be
used where practicaL. Built-in maintenance facilities will not be provided for grade
mounted or near grade equipment accessible to mobile equipment.
Monorail structures or any other permanent structures for lifting will not be provided
unless otherwise specified in the contract.
For maintenance access to elevated exchangers, it is recommended to design for access for
a tube bundle puller.
Where built-in handling facilities are not provided, clear space for tube bundle removal by
mobile crane shall be provided. A clearance 1-1/2 times the bundle length in front of
the
exchanger as measured from the tube sheet and extending 6 meters on at least one side
shall be provided.
Crane access should provided for all elevated equipment and major process equipment.
Permanent lifting equipment such as cranes, monorails, davits, and the like, will only be
provided if specified in the contract.
Provide clear access to all vessels charged with desiccant or other bulk materials.
Truck access shall be provided to driver ends of pumps under pipeways and to areas
where elevated fittings and parts are lowered.
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COL T ENGINEERING CORPORATION Rev. 1 Septembei' 1998
GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS SECOND ISSUE
PIPING DESIGN AND PLANT LAYOUT
GS903.01 Page 7 of22
7.3 Clearance and Accessibilty
. I Overhead Clearance:
Equipment, structures, platforms, piping and its suppoi1s should be arranged to
provide the following clearances overhead:
Over railroads, top of rail to bottom of any obstructions 7000 ITm
Over primary plant roads 5500 mIT
.2
Over accessways in process unit
Over primary access roads
Under pipe racks for equipment access
Over pumps and turbines, from grade
Over walkways, passageways and platforms to nearest obstruction
Horizontal Clearances:
From centerline railroad track to any obstruction
Width of primary and secondary road excluding
1500 mm shoulders
Clearance from edge of road shoulder to nearest structure,
equipment or piping
Horizontal clearance for equipment maintenance by manual
equipment, passage way at grade or access isle
Minimum clear platform width in front of equipment manways
Minimum clearance around any obstruction on a platform
At driver end of pumps, where truck access is required
At driver end of pumps, where truck access is not required
For compressors: removal length of piston and end assembly
plus 1500 mm from inside of building wall or adjacent equipment
At shell cover end of exchangers at grade, for accessway
Maintenance platforlTs at ends of elevated exchangers
Between extremities, including piping of adjacent pumps
4600 mm
6500 mm
3000 mm
2400 mm
2150 mm
3000 mm
6000 mm
1500 mm
1200 mm
800 mm
500mm
3000 mm
1500 mm
1200 mIT
900mm
800 mm
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COLT ENGINEERING CORPORATION
Rev. 1 September 1998
GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS
SECOND ISSUE
PIPING DESIGN AND PLANT LAYOUT
GS903.01 Page 8 of22
7.4 Platform, Ladders and Stainvays
Platforms, ladders and stairways shall be in the minimum consistent with access and safety
requirements.
Access to platforms shall be by permanent side step ladder. The need for stairways shall
be determined based on platform elevation, number of points requiring attention,
observation and adjustments and the frequency of same.
When there is more than 23000 mm of travel from the primary access on a platfonn, a
secondary means of escape shall be provided.
Safety cages shall be provided for ladders except:
Ladders serving platfonns 2500 mm or less above the high point of finished surface.
Short ladders serving platforms 2500 mm or less above originating platfoim provided the space
between the ladder and the edge of
the platform is a minimum of 1200 mm.
Maximum uninterrupted ladder length distance between vel1ical platforms shall not exceed
9000 mm.
Maximum rise on a staircase shall not exceed 20 steps.
Equipment to 3000 mm above grade and manways and nozzles with a centerline to 4500 mm
above grade shall be serviced with p0l1abie ladders and platfOlms.
Nozzles, equipment, instruments, valves and all other items requiring frequent operator
attention shall be supplied with a pennanent means of access from a platform.
A pennanent maintenance platfOlm shall be provided for all relief valves above 5000 mm above
grade. Small theimal relief
valves in pipe racks do not need access from a peimanent platform.
8.0 PIPE ROUTING
Piping shall be arranged in an orderly manner and routed as directly as practical, preferably
in established banks or pipeways.
Arrangement shall provide for natural loops and offsets to compensate for thermal
expansion and contraction of lines. Reactions or moments causing excessive stresses in
piping or equipment shall be avoided by proper design.
Where dynamic loading, limited pressure drop, or other severe service conditions apply,
pai1icular care shall be used in routing the piping.
Dynamic loading may be expected when pulsating flow such as at reciprocating
compressors and high velocity flow, flashing fluid, fluctuating temperature or pressure, or
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Rev. 1 September 1998
GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS
SECOND ISSUE
PIPING DESIGN AND PLANT LAYOUT
GS903.01 Pa1!e 9 of22
mechanical vibration (including wind) conditions exist. Piping subject to possible dynamic
loading shall be carefully designed and checked to ensure that its size, configuration,
mechanical strength, supports and restraints will prevent excessive stresses, vibration or
noise.
Limited pressure drop conditions may be expected in large vapour lines, heater transfer
lines, reboiler circuits, pump suctions and gravity flow lines. Such piping shall be routed
as directly as practicaL.
Other severe services include erosive, corrosive and high or low temperature or pressure
conditions. Many such services require alloy or other special materials. Piping in these
services shall be routed to minimize the effects of service severity and make most practical
use of required special materials.
Pipeways shall be sized for present needs plus 15%.
As far as practical, piping shall run at different elevations in north-south and east-west
banks, and shall change elevation when changing direction. Combined changes of
direction and elevation in pipeways ordinarily shall be made with 90 elbows. Where
necessary, a 90 and a 45 elbow can be used. Inside buildings, piping may run in vertical
banks and flat turns may be used.
9.0 EQUIPMENT PIPING
9.1 Column and Vessel Piping
Piping at columns shall be located, where possible, radially about the column on the
pipeway side. Manways and platforms shall be located on the access side, with manways
on or about the same centerline.
Valves and flanges shall not be located inside vessel skirts.
Vents, drains and utility connections shall be arranged to prevent unintentional or
undetected leakage.
Davits or other suitable means shall be provided to lower pressure vessel relief valves
larger than 2" inlet size when not within reach of mobile equipment.
Vessel davits for handling internals, relief valves and other components, shall be provided
on vessels exceeding a height of i 5000 mm above finished surface, and on vessels not
accessible by mobile crane. Davits shall be oriented to allow the lowering of
appurtenances into the access area.
Level instrument shall be oriented on the side toward the pipeway, when possible.
The minimum distance of a platform below the centerline of a manway shall be 600 mm.
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Rev. 1 Septem ber 1998
GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS
SECOND ISSUE
PIPING DESIGN AND PLANT LAYOUT
GS903.01 Page 10 of22
The maximum distance of a platform below the bottom of manway flange shall be
1000 mm.
The preferred distance of a platform below the centerline of a manway shall be 750 mm.
Combined platforms shall be furnished, when practical or economical, on lined-up towers
with common manway elevations. Care shall be taken to compensate for any differential
expansion between towers with cannon platforms or structures.
9.2 Exchanger Piping
Piping, except removable local interconnections, shall not be run over channel or shell
cover areas, or in the way of built-in or mobile handling facilities. Wrench clearance shall
be provided between channel nozzles and required valves, with the valves clear of removal
areas.
Exchangers shall be grouped together wherever possible.
Stacked shell and tube exchangers shall be limited to four shells high in similar seivices, but
shall not exceed a centerline elevation of 4200 mm above the high point of the finish surface
unless mounted in a structure.
Reboilers shall be located as close as possible to the equipment they service.
Plant access roads may be utilized for tube bundle pulling areas, so long as altemate access is
available to any potentially isolated area. Fire truck routes shall not be used as pulling areas.
Cooling towers shall be located so that spray from the tower is kept away from equipment.
The short side of the tower shall be located into the prevailing summer wind, to accomplish
maximum effciency.
9.3 Pumps
Pumps shall be located close to equipment from which they take suction. Pumps in a
process unit shall not be located under pipeways.
Piping shall be designed and arranged so that clearance is provided for removal of pumps
andlor drivers, also on end suction pumps so suction cover and pump impeller may be
removed while the suction and discharge valves are in place.
Suction lines shall be arranged in such a manner as to minimize offsets. They shall be
short and as direct as possible, and step down from the equipment to the pump. Suction
lines routed on sleeperways may rise to pump.
Valve handwheels shall be oriented, whenever possible, to be contained within the
perimeter of the pump, but so that they shall not interfere with pump maintenance or
motor removaL. They shall be readily operable from grade.
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COL T ENGINEERING CORPORATION
Rev. 1 September 1998
GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS
SECOND ISSUE
PIPING DESIGN AND PLANT LAYOUT
GS903.01 Page 11 of22
Pump suction piping shall have the same pressure rating as the discharge piping up to and
including the tirst suction block valve unless otherwise approved by the responsible
engineer.
Pump suction piping shall be arranged with particular care to avoid unnecessary pressure
drop and vapour pockets. Reduction in size for front suction pumps shall be made as
close to the pump as possible with a top flat reducer.
Conical (witches hat) type temporary strainers shall be provided at all pump suctions and
turbine inlets unless permanent strainers are required. Strainers are to be located before
any reduction in pipe size and should have 200% of pipe cross-sectional area where
possible.
All strainers must be easily removable.
Suitable suppoi1s or anchors shall be provided for piping to pumps and turbines so that
excessive weight and thermal stresses are not applied to the casings. Careful design
consideration shall be given to piping configuration to minimize these stresses.
Check valves shall be installed at the discharge nozzles of centrifugal pumps and turbines.
All wafer type check valves in horizontal lines must be installed with the hinge pin in the
vertical position.
9.4 Fired Equipment
Direct fired equipment shall, if practical, be located so that gases from process and
hydrocarbon areas cannot be blown into the open flames by prevailing winds.
Snuffing steam manifolds, if used, shall be located at a minimum of 15000 mm horizontally
from the equipment being protected.
Sufficient access and clearance shall be provided at fired equipment for removal of tubes,
soot blowers, air preheater baskets, burners, fans and other related serviceable equipment.
Heater stack shall be a minimum of 4500 mm above any platform within a radius of
15000 mm.
Access shall be provided at burner observation ports, process piping instrument
connections, stack instruments and tube observation doors.
Platforms shall be provided at lance doors and soot blowers.
Pressure relief doors and tube access doors shall be free so as not to blow into adjacent
equipment.
Clearance under heaters shall be 2000 mm above high point of finished surface when
operating access is required.
9.5 Compressor Piping
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GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS
SECOND ISSUE
PIPING DESIGN AND PLANT LAYOUT
GS903.01 Page 12 of22
Large centrifugal compressors may be elevated suffciently for piping and auxiliaries to be
located below main operating platforms. Smaller compressors may be grade mounted
with piping and auxiliaries arranged for convenient access and maintenance.
Particular consideration shall be given to design of piping subject to vibration from
dynamic loading associated with reciprocating compressors. Volume bottles shall be
provided, as required, at the suctions and discharges. Suction and discharge lines shall be
securely clamped, and small piping around compressors, on the same suppoi1s as suction
and discharge lines, shall be well braced to reduce vibration. Reciprocating compressor
suction and discharge piping shall be run on substantial suppoi1s near grade if at all
possible, but independent from compressor block.
The piping drawings shall show the limits of compressor suction piping where special
internal cleaning is required. Temporary screens or strainers shall be provided comes with
a differential pressure indication to allow monitoring of the screen during staI1-up.
Removable spool pieces shall be provided at compressors, where needed, to permit
maintenance without major piping disassembly.
Crankcase and distance piece vents shall be piped to the outside of the compressor
building.
Distant piece drains and lube oil drain should be piped to an underground slop tank.
Engine exhaust and starting motor exhaust shall be piped to outside of the compressor
building.
Compressor engine exhaust shall be insulated inside the compressor building.
Non-slam check valves are required on the discharge line of each compressor downstream
of the pressure relief valve and upstream of the nearest discharge block valve.
Lube and seal oil consoles shall be located adjacent to, and a minimum distance from, the
compressor. Oil return lines from compressor and driver shall have a minimum slope of
1 :25 to inlet connection at oil reservoir. Oil component arrangement shall be reviewed for
access and operation.
10.0 VALVES, VENTS AND DRAINS
10.1 Valve Location
All valves requiring attention during operation shall be operable either from grade or
platform. Valves 4" and smaller and instrument connections may have ladder access only.
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GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS
SECOND ISSUE
PIPING DESIGN AND PLANT LAYOUT
GS903.01 Page 13 of22
The centerline of handwheel on block valves used for maintenance shutdown only, located
less than 4500 mm above high point of finish surface and those located in pipeways, need
not be chain-operated. Access to these shall be pOl1able ladder.
Preferred elevations for valves above grade or platform are:
.1 In low level horizontal runs
.2 In vertical runs between 750 mm and 1400 mm
.3 Overhead at approximately 2 i 00 mm with bottom of handwheel at 1900 mm
Operating valves with bottom of handwheel over 2000 mm above grade or platform shall
be provided with chain or gear operators from grade or platform.
Chain operation shall not be used for screwed valves or for any valves smaller than 2".
All valves shall have sufficient clearance to facilitate removal of bonnet or plug.
Valves handwheels to be accessed from platform shall not require a reach larger than
600 mm.
10.2 Vents and Drains
Piping and instrument diagrams (P&ID's) shall show connections, valves and piping for
equipment filling, draining, venting and pressuring.
The P&ID's should show connections, valves and piping needed for plant start up
operation and shutdown. Main airlines must have valve and bull plug installed at the end
of each run for blowdown or future extensions. All other services shall have vents and
drains provided at the piping high and low points, so the system can be completely filled,
vented, hydrostatically tested and drained. Piping high point vents shall be 3/4" minimum
size, plugged or blinded. Piping low point drains shall be 3/4" minimum size plugged or
blinded. Hydrotest vents and drains shall be normally unvalved. Valved vents or drains
will only be installed if shown on the P&ID's.
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GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS
SECOND ISSUE
PIPING DESIGN AND PLANT LAYOUT
GS903.01 Page 14 of22
11.0 PRESSURE RELIEF SYSTEMS
11.1 General
Consideration shall be given to providing pressure relief devices between block valves
where thermal expansion due to ambient temperature changes or heat tracing may cause
damage.
A pressure relief device shall be placed on the lower pressure side of pressure reducing
valves where the piping andlor equipment on the low pressure side are not suitable for the
conditions which exist on the high pressure side.
11.2 Piping
The size of the inlet line shall not be less than the size of the relief valve inlet.
The length of the inlet piping shall be kept to a minimum.
Adequate supporting must be provided to compensate for sudden opening of relief valves.
11.3 Discharge to Atmosphere
A pressure relief valve discharging vapours to atmosphere shall be provided with outlet
piping as follows:
For hydrocarbons, at least 3 meters above any equipment within a horizontal distance of
15 meter or 4.5 meter above the roof of the nearest building whichever is higher, unless
otheiwise indicated in the job specification. Regardless of height or conditions, the riser
shall be at least 30 meters horizontally from any furnace.
For steam, to atmosphere at a safe location, but in such a way that vapour clouds will not
envelope any platforms.
A pressure relief valve in liquid service and discharging to atmosphere shall do so at a
visible and safe place.
11.4 Piping to a Closed System
Any pressure relief valve discharging to a closed system shall be installed so that the
discharge piping is free draining into the header.
Blowdown headers shall be installed so that the piping slopes into the blowdown drum.
Minimum slope of the flare header shall be I :450 (per API 521).
The bonnet vent of a relief valve with bellows shall be tubed free draining to a safe
location.
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GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS
SECOND ISSUE
PIPING DESIGN AND PLANT LAYOUT
GS903.01 Pa1!e 15 of 22
11.5 Block Valves
Where a block valve is installed to permit removal of a relief valve during unit operation, it
shall be located immediately below the relief
valve and be car sealed open.
Where a pressure relief valve discharges into a header and an outlet block valve is
installed, this valve shall be car sealed open.
Block valves around relief valves and in blowdown lines shall be positioned so that the
block valve remains open if any component of
the valve accidentally fails.
A 3/4" bleeder valve shall be provided between any inlet block and pressure relief valve.
The use of a bleed ring for this purpose should be considered.
All relief valves, except small thermal relief valves, shall be installed with the spring in the
vel1ical position.
11.6 Location
All relief valves located from grade up to 5 meters above grade and thermal reliefvalves in
pipe racks shall be considered accessible by portable ladder or moveable equipment.
All relief valves with a mass of more than 20 kg and above 5 meters must be accessible by
ladder or permanent platform.
All other relief valves above 5 meters must be accessible from a pennanent platfoim.
Where ever feasible, relief valves should be located on platfOlms which are also functional for
other purposes.
Relief valves may be located on the piping instead of on the equipment and shall be located at
the lowest possible elevation that may be economically justified.
12.0 IN-LINE INSTRUMENTS
Liquid level controllers and level gauges shall be located so as to be accessible from grade,
platform or peimanent ladder. Level instrumentation should be arranged so that level
gauges are visible from level control instruments and alarm switches. Block valves, drain
valves and vent valves shall be provided, as necessary, to isolate or blow down each level
instrument, as well as the entire bridle where applicable. Level bridles and their
instruments shall be checked for adequate support.
Steam traps shall be provided at pocketed low points and at dead ends of steam headers.
Traps shall also be provided on excessively long runs of steam piping, for sufficient
condensate removal to insure dry quality steam at destination. Steam traps located more
than 4500 mm above high point of finish surface, except pipeways, shall be accessible
from platform.
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GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS
SECOND ISSUE
PIPING DESIGN AND PLANT LAYOUT
GS903.01 Page 16 of22
Control valves, block and by-pass valves shall be sized on the flow diagrams. Control
valves shall be accessible from grade or platforms unless otherwise approved for good
process or economic reasons on an individual item basis and be located in sight of
instruments or indicators showing the variables they control.
Unless otherwise approved by Owner, control valves shall be located high enough to
permit valve stem removal, but not higher than 900 inm above grade or platform.
Where vaporization occurs in control valves, they shall be placed as close as practical to
the destination of the stream.
Control valve bypass piping shall provide sufficient clearance for the removal of the
control valve from the loop.
All control valves shall be provided with block valves and bypass valves rated for the same
design pressure as the upstream piping.
Bypass valves shall be designed for a capacity at least equal to the capacity of the control
valve.
Flanged spools shall be used between flanged control valves and block valves. The length
of the spools shall be sufficient to permit removal of bolts and the installation of drain or
vent connections.
Valved 3/4" drains shall be provided on the isolatable spool upstream of control valves.
All control valves in socket weld piping shall be flanged.
The only devices which may be mounted on control valves shall be valve positioners,
volume boosters, lock-up relays and pressure controllers. These devices shall be installed
so as to be easily accessible for servicing. These devices shall not be mounted when
vibration may cause malfunction.
Orifice flanges shall be located adjacent to walkways, platforms, or structures and shall be
installed in horizontal pipe runs, wherever possible. Orifice flanges shall have threaded
taps. Orifice flanges with a centerline elevation 4500 mm above the high point of finish
surface, except pipeways, shall be accessible from a platform or pel1nanent ladder.
Straightening vanes shall not be used.
Orifice taps shall be located per piping standard drawing EP 303- i 203.
Temperature test wells shall be accessible from grade, permanent ladder or platform.
Those located in a pipeway shall be considered accessible with a poi1able ladder.
Temperature indicators shall be visible from grade, ladder, or platform.
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COLT ENGINEERING CORPORATION
Rev. 1 September 1998
GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS
SECOND ISSUE
PIPING DESIGN AND PLANT LAYOUT
GS903.01 Page 17 of22
Thermocouple and temperature indicators located less than 4500 mm above high point of
finish surface and in a pipeway shall be accessible by poi1able ladder. Those above
4500 mm from high point of finish surface shall be accessible from platform or permanent
ladder.
Local pressure indicators shall be visible from grade, permanent ladder or platform.
Those located less than 4500 mm above high point of finish surface and in a pipeway shall
be accessible by portable ladder.
Spectacle blinds shall be accessible fi'om grade, platform or if below 4500 mm by a
portable ladder, or temporary scafolding. Blinds in a pipeway, regardless of pipeway
height, are considered accessible.
Flanges shall be staggered when grouped.
13.0 SAMPLE CONNECTIONS
Sample stations shall be provided with 3/4" main valve on the feed and return.
Where liquid samples are taken in a bottle, the sample outlet shall be located above a drain
funnel to peimit free running of the liquid before sampling. Liquid sample connections
shall be taken off the side of the pipe.
14.0 UTILITY STATIONS
Utility stations will only be provided when specified in the contract or per applicable
P&ID.
A utility station may consist of steam, water, and nitrogen connections, except that water
and steam connections shall not be provided at platforms.
Dry riser utility stations shall be provided at vessel platforms servicing manholes used for
maintenance purposes andlor loading catalysts or chemicals.
Utility stations shall be located at loading racks. For typical utility station hook up, see
standard drawing EP 303- I 103.
15.0 LIQUID SULPHUR SERVICE PIPING
All flanged connections shall have two sockets on threadolets, installed in the jackets as
close to the flanges as possible on flange centerline.
All piping bends shall be made with welded crosses, installed complete with flanges and
plugs for cleaning. See typical detail drawings EP 303- I 150 thru i 154.
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COL T ENGINEERING CORPORATION
Rev. 1 September 1998
GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS
SECOND ISSUE
PIPING DESIGN AND PLANT LAYOUT
GS903.01 Page 18 of22
All runs of pipe shall contain a suffcient number of breakout flanges and all laterals shall
be connected to mains through pipe crosses with flanges on connecting ends of laterals
with flanges and blinds on opposite sides.
Suffcient connections for steaming, blowing, draining and rodding shall be provided on all
sulphur lines.
All liquid sulphur lines shall be sloped to the sulphur pit and shall be drainable.
16.0 NON-CODE PIPING (PIPING NOT COVERED BY APPLICABLE CODES)
Design, welding and fabrication of non-code piping such as: sulphur rundown lines, flare
lines, firewater lines, air lines and engine exhaust piping shall conform to ASME B31.3.
17.0 TANK FARM PIPING
Piping shall be laid out to ensure sufficient flexibility to provide for settlement of tanks
relative to pipe supports or anchors and differential settlement between tanks.
All lines connected to nozzles on tanks below the maximum fill levels must be supplied
with a steel block valve.
Piping extraneous to a group of tanks shall not be located within a firewalL. Exceptions to
this rule are only allowed with written permission from the responsible engineer.
Where a pipe is routed through an eai1h dike or firewall, the pipe shall be coated and
wrapped. Where the firewall is concrete, the pipe shall be sleeved.
Consideration shall be given to the need of
thermal relief valves on long fill and drain lines.
18.0 FIREWATER LINES
Firewater installations shall comply with the latest edition of National Fire Code,
Volume 2, Standard 24.
All materials used in firewater systems need to be "Underwriters" approved.
All firewater installations shall be closed loop. The number of hydrants, arrangement of
outlets and isolation valves shall be approved by the owner and the responsible engineer.
Top of firewater lines to be installed 300 mm below the t'ost line.
Fire hydrant mains shall not be smaller than 8", with a minimum size of 6" for hydrants and
branch connections. Recommended fire hydrants: McAvity and Darling.
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COL T ENGINEERING CORPORATION
Rev. 1 Septem ber 1998
GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS
SECOND ISSUE
PIPING DESIGN AND PLANT LAYOUT
GS903.01 Pa2e 19 of22
Self-draining hydrants complete with 2-1/2" A.M.A. thread hose connections shall be
used.
Hydrants and post indicator valves shall be set on flat stones or concrete slabs and
approximately a barrel of clean gravel placed around the bottom of the hydrant to ensure
quick drainage.
Hydrants shall be protected against mechanical damage by installing a protective post
barrier around the hydrants.
Underground valves to be non-rising stem, steel and brass trim type.
Hydrant isolation valve shall be installed per drawing EP 303-4003, 4004, and 4005.
19.0 CHEMICAL INJECTION
All injection points into hazardous lines (i.e. high pressure, sour or dangerous) shall have a
block valve and check valve located as close as practical to the injection point.
Tubing shall not be used between the injection point and the first block valve.
20.0 PIPING FLEXIBILITY
20.1 General
Piping shall be designed to allow for thermal expansion and/or contraction and to
minimize vibration. Piping including thermal expansion loops, shall be adequately
supported by properly designed supports. Pipe-anchors and guides shall be provided as
necessary to control pipe movement and to minimize pipe loadings on the connections to
sensitive equipment. Suppol1ing pipe by hangers from other pipe is not peimitted. Pipe
hangers are to be avoided where possible.
Piping shall normally be laid out to provide sufficient flexibility without the use of
expansion loops or joints.
Flexibility analysis shall be made for the most severe temperature conditions imposed
during staI1-up, shutdown, regeneration, or normal conditions. Therefore, care should be
taken not to impose excessive or unrealistic design temperatures on the pipe.
Lines connecting to vessels, which cannot be disconnected for steam-out, shall be flexible
enough to sustain steam out conditions.
The scope of analysis shall conform to the definition of the ASME B3 i .3, Chapter 2,
Part i, Pai12 and Part 3 or CSA Z 662 as defined in the contract.
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COLT ENGINEERING CORPORATION
Rev. 1 September 1998
GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS
SECOND ISSUE
PIPING DESIGN AND PLANT LAYOUT
GS903.01 Page 20 of22
Criteria for selecting lines for stress analysis are laid out in Colt's Mechanical Engineering
Guidelines, Section 6.0
As a minimum the following lines will require a formal stress review
. All lines connected to rotating equipment
. All process lines connected to reciprocating compressors
. All lines connected to aerial coolers and plate exchangers
. All lines with an operating temperature above 260C
. All lines with a total expansion in any direction greater than 75mm
At the start of each job a written plan must be produced that will specify the extent and
scope of the stress review and the minimum requirements of this review unless otherwise
specified in the contract. (See DS 403)
20.2 Provision for Expansion
Where the layout does not provide suffcient flexibility, the following may be used:
. Expansion loops with guides and anchors
. Spring load supports or hangers where rigid supports restrict line movement or cause
overstressing of the line
. Flexible hoses or couplings with tie-bars
It is strongly recommended to avoid the use of bellows and expansion joints. They must
be considered only as a last resort and only after written approval is obtained from the
client and the responsible engineer.
21.0 PIPE SUPPORTS
21.1 Design
Supports shall nOlmally be designed to transmit all piping loads directly to foundation.
Loadings to be considered in design calculations include:
. Weight of pipe and insulation
. Equipment movements
. Weight of the line contents based on water
. Wind loading on pipe and sway of equipment
. Lateral loading due to movement of lines on supp0l1s
. Vibrations due to pulsations from reciprocating pumps and compressors and possible line
surges
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COLT ENGINEERING CORPORATION
Rev. 1 September 1998
GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS
SECOND ISSUE
PIPING DESIGN AND PLANT LAYOUT
GS903.01 Page 21 of22
21.2 Requirements
Supports shall be located so that the force transmitted to connections on machinery such
as pumps, compressors, turbines, etc., does not exceed that allowed by the machinery
man u facturer.
Piping to equipment requiring removal for maintenance, including control valve
assemblies, shall be supported so that temporary supports are not required during removaL.
21.3 Shoes and Guides
Shoes shall be installed on insulated pipe at supports. Metal shoes shall not be installed on
low temperature piping unless, subject to the responsible engineer's approval, a thermal
barrier is provided between pipe attachment and support shoe. Bolt on clamps shall be
used on insulated pipe in sour service.
Uninsulated lines shall rest directly on the suppoi1s but shoes or wearplates shall be
provided on lines subject to excessive or continuous movement. Lines with a design
temperature above 80C, if suppoi1ed on concrete, must be installed on shoes.
All lines 2" or larger with a design temperature above 200C must be supported on shoes.
All alloy, stainless steel or thin wall piping, must be supported on wearplates or shoes.
Guides shall be installed on suppoi1s to restrict lateral movement per instructions of stress
analyst.
Anchors shall be provided at the battery limits on all piping leaving a unit, to prevent any
stresses or loads from being transmitted to the offsite piping.
The need for anchors and concrete thrustblock must be investigated on buried pressure
water lines with cast iron mechanical joints on plastic or fibre glass pipe and fittings in the
following locations:
At unbalanced intersections
At fire hydrants
At changes in line size
. At dead ends
At changes in direction
21.4 Spring Supports and Hangers
Where spring supports are required to adequately suppol1 lines, hanging type variable
spring suppoi1s are preferred. Base type variable spring suppoi1s may be used where the
horizontal movement of the line is less than 3/8". Constant effort spring suppoi1s are only
to be used when a practical alternative cannot be found.
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COL T ENGINEERING CORPORATION
Rev. 1 September 1998
GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS
SECOND ISSUE
PIPING DESIGN AND PLANT LAYOUT
GS903.01
Page 22 of22
Variable spring hangers and supports shall be provided with a scale showing the range of
working load, means of adjustment and a travel stop.
Constant support spring hangers shall be provided with calibrated load clearly indicated, a
scale showing the range of movement, an accurate means of adjustment and a travel stop.
All spring hangers and supports shall be adjusted in the field after unit start up in
accordance with the manufacturer's instructions.
All lines supported with spring hangers and in critical or lethal service must have a safety
beam installed under the pipe to guard against spring failure.
21.5 Gussets
Gussets shall be installed:
. On all branch connections I 1/2" and smaller for lines in pulsating and vibrating service
. In locations where small branch connections might be easily damaged
. For all branch connections 1 1/2" and smaller in hydrogen service
. Gussets shall be considered for branches in 1 1/2" and smaller in sour service
22.0 SAFETY MEASURES
Eye wash and emergency showers shall be provided in areas where operating personnel
are subject to hazardous sprays or spills, such as acid, caustic, etc. These showers shall be
indicated on the flow diagrams. Their design shall be in accordance with:
CSA Z 358.1 "Emergency Eyewash and Safety Shower Equipment".
Valve and flange spray shields, if required, shall be noted in the piping material
specifications.
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