FILED: August 13, 2014

UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS

FOR THE FOURTH CIRCUIT
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No. 14-1167 (L)
(2:13-cv-00395-AWA-LRL)
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TIMOTHY B. BOSTIC; TONY C. LONDON; CAROL SCHALL; MARY
TOWNLEY

Plaintiffs - Appellees

J OANNE HARRIS, J ESSICA DUFF, CHRISTY BERGHOFF, VICTORIA KIDD,
on behalf of themselves and all others similarly situated

Intervenors

v.

GEORGE E. SCHAEFER, III, in his official capacity as the Clerk of Court for
Norfolk Circuit Court

Defendant - Appellant

and

J ANET M. RAINEY, in her official capacity as State Registrar of Vital Records;
ROBERT F. MCDONNELL, in his official capacity as Governor of Virginia;
KENNETH T. CUCCINELLI, II, in his official capacity as Attorney General of
Virginia

Defendants

MICHELE MCQUIGG

Intervenor/Defendant
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DAVID A. ROBINSON; ALAN J . HAWKINS; J ASON S. CARROLL; NORTH
CAROLINA VALUES COALITION; LIBERTY, LIFE, AND LAW
FOUNDATION; SOCIAL SCIENCE PROFESSORS; FAMILY RESEARCH
COUNCIL; VIRGINIA CATHOLIC CONFERENCE, LLC; CENTER FOR
CONSTITUTIONAL J URISPRUDENCE; STATE OF WEST VIRGINIA;
INSTITUTE FOR MARRIAGE AND PUBLIC POLICY; HELEN M. ALVARE;
STATE OF INDIANA; STATE OF ALABAMA; STATE OF ALASKA; STATE
OF ARIZONA; STATE OF COLORADO; STATE OF IDAHO; STATE OF
LOUISIANA; STATE OF MONTANA; STATE OF NEBRASKA; STATE OF
OKLAHOMA; STATE OF SOUTH CAROLINA; STATE OF SOUTH DAKOTA;
STATE OF UTAH; STATE OF WYOMING; WALLBUILDERS, LLC;
LIBERTY COUNSEL; AMERICAN COLLEGE OF PEDIATRICIANS;
SCHOLARS OF HISTORY AND RELATED DISCIPLINES; AMERICAN
LEADERSHIP FUND; ROBERT P. GEORGE; SHERIF GIRGIS; RYAN T.
ANDERSON; PAUL MCHUGH; UNITED STATES CONFERENCE OF
CATHOLIC BISHOPS; NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF EVANGELICALS;
CHURCH OF J ESUS CHRIST OF LATTER-DAY SAINTS; THE ETHICS &
RELIGIOUS LIBERTY COMMISSION OF THE SOUTHERN BAPTIST
CONVENTION; LUTHERAN CHURCH-MISSOURI SYNOD; THE BECKET
FUND FOR RELIGIOUS LIBERTY; EAGLE FORUM EDUCATION AND
LEGAL DEFENSE FUND; DAVID BOYLE; ROBERT OSCAR LOPEZ;
CONCERNED WOMEN FOR AMERICA; THE FAMILY FOUNDATION OF
VIRGINIA

Amici Supporting Appellant

CONSTITUTIONAL LAW SCHOLARS; ASHUTOSH BHAGWAT; LEE
BOLLINGER; ERWIN CHEMERINSKY; WALTER DELLINGER; MICHAEL
C. DORF; LEE EPSTEIN; DANIEL FARBER; BARRY FRIEDMAN; MICHAEL
J AY GERHARDT, Professor; DEBORAH HELLMAN; J OHN CALVIN
J EFFRIES, J R.; LAWRENCE LESSIG; WILLIAM MARSHALL; FRANK
MICHELMAN; J ANE S. SCHACTER; CHRISTOPHER H. SCHROEDER;
SUZANNA SHERRY; GEOFFREY R. STONE; DAVID STRAUSS; LAURENCE
H. TRIBE, Professor; WILLIAM VAN ALSTYNE; OUTSERVE-SLDN; THE
AMERICAN MILITARY PARTNER ASSOCIATION; THE AMERICAN
SOCIOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION; VIRGINIA CONSTITUTIONAL LAW
PROFESSORS; AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION; THE
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AMERICAN ACADEMY OF PEDIATRICS; AMERICAN PSYCHIATRIC
ASSOCIATION; NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF SOCIAL WORKERS;
VIRGINIA PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION; EQUALITY NC; SOUTH
CAROLINA QUALITY COALITION; CHANTELLE FISHER-BORNE;
MARCIE FISHER-BORNE; CRYSTAL HENDRIX; LEIGH SMITH; SHANA
CARIGNAN; MEGAN PARKER; TERRI BECK; LESLIE ZANAGLIO; LEE
KNIGHT CAFFERY; DANA DRAA; SHAWN LONG; CRAIG J OHNSON;
ESMERALDA MEJ IA; CHRISTINA GINTER-MEJ IA; CATO INSTITUTE;
CONSTITUTIONAL ACCOUNTABILITY CENTER; HISTORIANS OF
MARRIAGE; PETER W. BARDAGLIO; NORMA BASCH; STEPHANIE
COONTZ; NANCY F. COTT; TOBY L. DITZ; ARIELA R. DUBLER; LAURA F.
EDWARDS; SARAH BARRINGER GORDON; MICHAEL GROSSBERG;
HENDRIK HARTOG; ELLEN HERMAN; MARTHA HODES; LINDA K.
KERBER; ALICE KESSLER-HARRIS; ELAINE TYLER MAY; SERENA
MAYERI; STEVEN MINTZ; ELIZABETH PLECK; CAROLE SHAMMAS;
MARY L. SHANLEY; AMY DRU STANLEY; BARBARA WELKE; PARENTS,
FAMILIES AND FRIENDS OF LESBIANS AND GAYS, INC.; KERRY
ABRAMS, Albert Clark Tate, J r. Professor of Law University of Virginia School of
Law; VIVIAN HAMILTON, Professor of Law William and Mary; MEREDITH
HARBACH, Professor of Law University of Richmond; J OAN HEIFETZ
HOLLINGER, J ohn and Elizabeth Boalt Lecturer in Residence University of
California, Berkeley School of Law; COURTNEY G. J OSLIN, Professor of Law
University of California, Davis School of Law; NAACP LEGAL DEFENSE AND
EDUCATION FUND, INC.; NATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR THE
ADVANCEMENT OF COLORED PEOPLE; HOWARD UNIVERSITY
SCHOOL OF LAW CIVIL RIGHTS CLINIC; FAMILY EQUALITY COUNCIL;
COLAGE; GLMA: HEALTH PROFESSIONALS ADVANCING LGBT
EQUALITY; WILLIAM N. ESKRIDGE, J R.; REBECCA L. BROWN; DANIEL
A. FARBER; MICHAEL GERHARDT; J ACK KNIGHT; ANDREW
KOPPELMAN; MELISSA LAMB SAUNDERS; NEIL S. SIEGEL; J ANA B.
SINGER; HISTORIANS OF ANTI-GAY DISCRIMINATION; ANTI-
DEFAMATION LEAGUE; AMERICANS UNITED FOR SEPARATION OF
CHURCH AND STATE; BEND THE ARC: A J EWISH PARTNERSHIP FOR
J USTICE; HADASSAH, THE WOMEN'S ZIONIST ORGANIZATION OF
AMERICA; HINDU AMERICAN FOUNDATION; THE INTERFAITH
ALLIANCE FOUNDATION; J APANESE AMERICAN CITIZENS LEAGUE;
J EWISH SOCIAL POLICY ACTION NETWORK; KESHET; METROPOLITAN
COMMUNITY CHURCHES; MORE LIGHT PRESBYTERIANS; THE
NATIONAL COUNCIL OF J EWISH WOMEN; NEHIRIM; PEOPLE FOR THE
AMERICAN WAY FOUNDATION; PRESBYTERIAN WELCOME;
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RECONCILINGWORKS: LUTHERANS FOR FULL PARTICIPATION;
RELIGIOUS INSTITUTE, INC.; SIKH AMERICAN LEGAL DEFENSE AND
EDUCATION FUND; SOCIETY FOR HUMANISTIC J UDAISM; T'RUAH: THE
RABBINIC CALL FOR HUMAN RIGHTS; WOMEN'S LEAGUE FOR
CONSERVATIVE J UDAISM; COLUMBIA LAW SCHOOL SEXUALITY AND
GENDER LAW CLINIC; BISHOPS OF THE EPISCOPAL CHURCH IN
VIRGINIA; CENTRAL ATLANTIC CONFERENCE OF THE UNITED
CHURCH OF CHRIST; CENTRAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN RABBIS;
MORMONS FOR EQUALITY; RECONSTRUCTIONIST RABBINICAL
ASSOCIATION; RECONSTRUCTIONIST RABBINICAL COLLEGE AND
J EWISH RECONSTRUCTIONIST COMMUNITIES; UNION FOR REFORM
J UDAISM; THE UNITARIAN UNIVERSALIST ASSOCIATION;
AFFIRMATION; COVENANT NETWORK OF PRESBYTERIANS;
METHODIST FEDERATION FOR SOCIAL ACTION; MORE LIGHT
PRESBYTERIANS; PRESBYTERIAN WELCOME; RECONCILING
MINISTRIES NETWORK; RECONCILINGWORKS: LUTHERANS FOR FULL
PARTICIPATION; RELIGIOUS INSTITUTE, INC.; WOMEN OF REFORM
J UDAISM; 28 EMPLOYERS AND ORGANIZATIONS REPRESENTING
EMPLOYERS; COMMONWEALTH OF MASSACHUSETTS; STATE OF
CALIFORNIA; STATE OF CONNECTICUT; DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA;
STATE OF ILLINOIS; STATE OF IOWA; STATE OF MAINE; STATE OF
MARYLAND; STATE OF NEW HAMPSHIRE; STATE OF NEW MEXICO;
STATE OF NEW YORK; STATE OF OREGON; STATE OF VERMONT;
STATE OF WASHINGTON; GARY J . GATES; NATIONAL AND WESTERN
STATES WOMEN'S RIGHTS ORGANIZATIONS; VIRGINIA CHAPTER OF
THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF MATRIMONIAL LAWYERS; THE
NATIONAL WOMEN'S LAW CENTER; EQUAL RIGHTS ADVOCATES;
LEGAL MOMENTUM; NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF WOMEN LAWYERS;
NATIONAL PARTNERSHIP FOR WOMEN & FAMILIES; SOUTHWEST
WOMEN'S LAW CENTER; WOMEN'S LAW PROJ ECT; PROFESSORS OF
LAW ASSOCIATED WITH THE WILLIAMS INSTITUTE; BAY AREA
LAWYERS FOR INDIVIDUAL FREEDOM; LEADERSHIP CONFERENCE ON
CIVIL AND HUMAN RIGHTS; PUBLIC INTEREST ORGANIZATIONS; BAR
ASSOCIATIONS; FAMILY LAW AND CONFLICT OF LAWS PROFESSORS;
GAY AND LESBIAN ADVOCATES AND DEFENDERS; PEOPLE OF FAITH
FOR EQUALITY IN VIRGINIA; CELEBRATION CENTER FOR SPIRITUAL
LIVING; CLARENDON PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH; COMMONWEALTH
BAPTIST CHURCH; CONGREGATION OR AMI; HOPE UNITED CHURCH
OF CHRIST; LITTLE RIVER UCC; METROPOLITAN COMMUNITY
CHURCH OF NORTHERN VIRGINIA; MT. VERNON UNITARIAN CHURCH;
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ST. J AMES UCC,; ST. J OHN'S UCC; NEW LIFE METROPOLITAN
COMMUNITY CHURCH; UNITARIAN UNIVERSALIST FELLOWSHIP OF
THE PENINSULA; UNITARIAN UNIVERSALIST CONGREGATION OF
STERLING; UNITED CHURCH OF CHRIST OF FREDERICKSBURG;
UNITARIAN UNIVERSALIST CHURCH OF LOUDOUN; ANDREW MERTZ;
REV. MARIE HULM ADAM; REV. MARTY ANDERSON; REV ROBIN
ANDERSON; REV. VERNE ARENS; RABBI LIA BASS; REV. J OSEPH G.
BEATTIE; REV. SUE BROWNING; REV. J IM BUNDY; REV. MARK BYRD;
REV. STEVEN C. CLUNN; REV. DR. J OHN COPERHAVER; RABBI GARY
CREDITOR; REV. DAVID ENSIGN; REV. HENRY FAIRMAN; RABBI J ESSE
GALLOP; REV. TOM GERSTENLAUER; REV. ROBIN H. GORSLINE; REV.
TRISH HALL; REV. WARREN HAMMONDS; REV. J ON HEASLET; REV.
DOUGLAS HODGES; REV. PHYLLIS HUBBELL; REV. STEPHEN G. HYDE;
REV. J ANET J AMES; REV. J OHN MANWELL; REV. J AMES W. MCNEAL;
REV. MARC BOSWELL; REV. ANDREW CLIVE MILLARD; REV. DR.
MELANIE MILLER; REV. AMBER NEUROTH; REV. J AMES PAPILE; REV.
LINDA OLSON PEEBLES; REV. DON PRANGE; RABBI MICHAEL
RAGOZIN; RABBI BEN ROMER; REV. J ENNIFER RYU; REV. ANYA
SAMMLER-MICHAEL; REV. AMY SCHWARTZMAN; REV. DANNY
SPEARS; REV. MARK SURIANO; REV. ROB VAUGHN; REV. DANIEL
VELEZ-RIVERA; REV. KATE R. WALKER; REV. TERRYE WILLIAMS; REV.
DR. KAREN-MARIE YUST

Amici Supporting Appellees
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O R D E R
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Upon consideration of submissions relative to the motion to stay mandate,
the court denies the motion.
Entered at the direction of J udge Floyd with the concurrence of J udge
Gregory. J udge Niemeyer voted to grant the motion.
For the Court
/s/ Patricia S. Connor, Clerk
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