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Part A.


Create an ERD from a business problem. (50 marks)

Read the following problem and complete the tasks listed below.

THE ABS Blood Bank

Australian Blood Services (ABS) is a new Non-Government Organisation (NGO) that has just been set
up to collect blood and blood product donations from the public. ABS plans to have donation centres
in each capital city and most major regional cities throughout Australia. You have been approached
by ABS to design and create a database system to track these blood donations.
ABS needs to record the details of each donor. This needs to include the donors full name and
address details, along with their contact details, gender, Medicare number and any other details that
may be pertinent.
ABS also needs to know about the medical condition of each donor or prospective donor. This
includes the details of any surgery, existing medical conditions and any medication that is being
taken.
ABS also needs to know if the donor has been overseas in the last three months, which countries
that they visited, how long they stayed in each county, whether they contracted any disease while in
the country.
Based on the answers to these questions, the ABS staff will decide if it is safe to accept a blood
donation from the prospective donor. This is a decision can be made only by an ABS staff member
who is a qualified Registered Nurse.
Once the ABS staff member has decided to accept a blood donation from the donor, it is necessary
to record the donor details, staff member taking the donation, ABS donation centre, and any other
pertinent details in order to clearly identify each individual blood donation.

Tasks:


1. List all the business rules for the ABS ( Business rules are important because they define the
conditions that the database must meet. For example, every Order must be associated with a valid
Product.This prevents invalid Orders being entered into the database). (7 marks)


2. Create an ERD that describes the ABS staff and donation centres. This ERD should show:(7 marks)

a. All entities with primary key and any foreign key attributes,
b. The relationships between entities,
c. The cardinality and optionality of each relationship.

3. Create an ERD that describes a blood donor, her medical condition and any medications that she
takes. This ERD should show: (7 marks)
a. All entities with primary key and any foreign key attributes,
b. The relationships between entities,
c. The cardinality and optionality of each relationship.


4. The donor also needs to state whether she has been overseas in the last 3 months and if so, to
advise the details of that trip. Add this information to the Donor ERD created in Q3 above. This ERD
should show:(9 marks)
a. All entities with primary key and any foreign key attributes,
b. The relationships between entities,
c. The cardinality and optionality of each relationship.


5. Each donor can make a blood donation. Add this information to the Donor ERD created in Q3 and
Q4 above. Donations must be made at an ABS Donation Centre and be taken by ABS staff. Add the
ABS Staff ERD created in Q1 to the new Donor ERD. This combined ERD should show:(20 marks)

a. All entities with all attributes identified including Primary key and any foreign key attributes,
b. The relationships between entities,
c. The cardinality and optionality of each relationship;
d. Any M:N relationships are be resolved to 1:M relationships.



Part B. Create an RDM (15 marks):

Tasks :
Using the ABS ERD created in Part A:
1. Identify all attributes required for each table shown in the ERD (10 marks); and
2. Create an RDM for each table in the ERD (5 marks);


Part C. Normalise the RDM to BCNF (25 marks):

Tasks :
Using the RDM created in Part B:
1. Create a set of Dependency Diagrams for the ABS database (10 marks);
2. Normalise the ABS tables to BCNF( 10 marks); and
3. Create a new RDM for the normalised tables (5 marks).

Part D. Modify your design (10 marks):

Tasks:

1. Consider a case that is not described above, but could happen in the business of the ABS. Please
explain the case and why it might occur ( 5 marks)
2. Based on the case you proposed, modify your design of the ABS database accordingly ( 5 marks).



Rationale
This assignment has been designed to assess a students ability to:
Understand and interpret a set of business rules for a database;
Create an Entity Relationship Diagram that models the requirements accurately;
Create a Relational Data Model that accurately models the ERD and requirements;
Normalise the model to 3rd Normal Form;

Marking criteria
The marking criterion for this assignment is:

Question HD DI CR PS FL
List and
explain all
business
rules for
ABS
Comprehensive
explanation of
all business
rules
Detailed
explanation
of all
business
rules
Thorough
explanation
of most
business
rules
Adequate
explanation
of most
business
rules
Incomplete or
irrelevant
explanation of
business rules
Create an
ERD for
ABS & show
all entities,
PK & KF
attributes,
relationships,
cardinality &
optionality
Comprehensive
and accurate
ERD that
contains all
entities, PK
and FK
attributes,
associative
entities
included if
required, all
relationships
shown and
identified with
Detailed and
accurate
ERD that
contains all
entities, PK
and FK
attributes,
associative
entities
included if
required, all
relationships
shown and
identified
Thorough &
reasonably
accurate
ERD that
contains all
entities, PK
and FK
attributes,
associative
entities
included if
required, all
relationships
shown with
Adequate
ERD that
contains
most entities,
PK and FK
attributes,
associative
entities
included if
required, all
relationships
shown with
cardinality
Incomplete or
irrelevant
ERD that
contains some
entities,
relationships,
and
cardinality
Question HD DI CR PS FL
correct
cardinality and
optionality
with correct
cardinality
correct
cardinality
Create RDM
from ERD &
show all
attributes for
each entity
Comprehensive
RDM that
shows all
attributes for
each entity and
has all PKs
identified
Detailed
RDM that
shows most
attributes for
all entities
and has all
PKs
identified
Thorough
RDM that
shows most
attributes for
all entities
and has all
PKs
identified
Adequate
RDM that
shows the
major
attributes for
all entities
and has most
PKs
identified
Incomplete or
irrelevant
RDM that
does not
identify
sufficient
attributes for
most entities.
Draw
relational
schema &
show
functional
dependencies
Comprehensive
schema that
shows existing
PK and all
functional,
partial and
transitive
dependencies
Detailed
schema that
shows
existing PK
and most
functional,
partial and
transitive
dependencies
Thorough
schema that
shows
existing PK
and many
functional,
partial and
transitive
dependencies
Adequate
RDM that
shows
existing PK
and some
functional,
partial and
transitive
dependencies
Incomplete or
irrelevant
schema that
does not
adequately
identify
functional,
partial or
transitive
dependencies
State normal
form of
relation and
explain why
Comprehensive
description and
explanation of
current normal
form
Detailed
description
and
explanation
of current
normal form
Good
description
and
explanation
of current
normal form
Description
of current
normal form
with poor
explanation
Incomplete or
irrelevant
description
and
explanation of
current normal
form
Decompose
relation into
3NF and
show
relational
schema for
each relation
and
referential
integrity
constraints
All relations in
3NF and all
partial and
transitive
dependencies
removed, each
relation shows
correct
referential
integrity
constraints
All relations
in 3NF and
all partial
and transitive
dependencies
removed,
each relation
shows
referential
integrity
constraints
All relations
in 3NF and
all partial
and transitive
dependencies
removed,
most
relations
show
referential
integrity
constraints
All relations
in 3NF and
all partial
and transitive
dependencies
removed,
some
relations
show
referential
integrity
constraints
Incomplete
decomposition
or relations
not in 3NF, no
relations show
integrity
constraints

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