Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Schwab
struggling to manage new challenges while preparing their economies to perform well in
a future characterized by high uncertainty.
In such a difficult economic environment, it is more important than ever for countries
to put into place the fundamentals underpinning growth and development. The Global
Competitiveness Report series has, for the past three decades, facilitated this process
The Global
Competitiveness Report
20102011
The Global
Competitiveness Report
20102011
Robert Greenhill
Chief Business Officer
CENTRE FOR GLOBAL COMPETITIVENESS AND PERFORMANCE
Contents
Partner Institutes
Preface
67
xi
69
by Klaus Schwab
57
353
495
499
Acknowledgments
501
Partner Institutes
Partner Institutes
Bangladesh
Centre for Policy Dialogue (CPD)
Khondaker Golam Moazzem, Senior Research Fellow
Kazi Mahmudur Rahman, Senior Research Associate
Mustafizur Rahman, Executive Director
Barbados
Arthur Lewis Institute for Social and Economic Studies,
University of West Indies (UWI)
Andrew Downes, Director
Belgium
Vlerick Leuven Gent Management School
Priscilla Boairdi, Associate, Competence Centre
Entrepreneurship, Governance and Strategy
Wim Moesen, Professor
Leo Sleuwaegen, Professor, Competence Centre
Entrepreneurship, Governance and Strategy
Benin
Micro Impacts of Macroeconomic Adjustment Policies
(MIMAP) Benin
Epiphane Adjovi, Business Coordinator
Maria-Odile Attanasso, Deputy Coordinator
Fructueux Deguenonvo, Researcher
Bosnia and Herzegovina
MIT Center, School of Economics and Business in Sarajevo,
University of Sarajevo
Zlatko Lagumdzija, Professor
Zeljko Sain, Executive Director
Jasmina Selimovic, Assistant Director
Botswana
Botswana National Productivity Centre
Letsogile Batsetswe, Research Consultant and Statistician
Parmod Chandna, Acting Executive Director
Phumzile Thobokwe, Manager, Information and
Research Services Department
Brazil
Fundao Dom Cabral
Marina Arajo, Economist and Researcher,
The Competitiveness and Innovation Center
Carlos Arruda, Executive Director, International Board and
Professor and Coordinator, The Competitiveness
and Innovation Center
Arthur Kux, Economist and Research Assistant,
The Competitiveness and Innovation Center
Movimento Brasil Competitivo (MBC)
Erik Camarano, Director President
Ceclia Macedo, Economist and Senior Projects Coordinator
Nikelma Moura, Communications Assistant
Brunei Darussalam
Ministry of Industry and Primary Resources
Pehin Dato Yahya Bakar, Minister
Dayang Hajah Suriyah Haji Umar, Permanent Secretary I
Dato Dr Amin Abdullah, Permanent Secretary II
Bulgaria
Center for Economic Development
Anelia Damianova, Senior Expert
Partner Institutes
Burkina Faso
lnstitut Suprieure des Sciences de la Population (ISSP),
University of Ouagadougou
Samuel Kabore, Economist and Head of Development Strategy
and Population Research
Croatia
National Competitiveness Council
Martina Hatlak, Research Assistant
Kresimir Jurlin, Research Fellow
Mira Lenardic, General Secretary
Burundi
University Research Centre for Economic and Social
Development (CURDES), National University of Burundi
Richard Ndereyahaga, Head of CURDES
Gilbert Niyongabo, Dean, Faculty of Economics
& Management
Cyprus
Cyprus College Research Center
Bambos Papageorgiou, Head of Socioeconomic
and Academic Research
Cambodia
Economic Institute of Cambodia
Sok Hach, President
Poch Kongchheng, Researcher
Czech Republic
CMC Graduate School of Business
Tomas Janca, Executive Director
Cameroon
Comit de Comptitivit (Competitiveness Committee)
Lucien Sanzouango, Permanent Secretary
Canada
Institute for Competitiveness and Prosperity
Tamer Azer, Researcher
Roger Martin, Chairman and Dean of the Rotman
School of Management, University of Toronto
James Milway, Executive Director
Cape Verde
INOVE RESEARCHInvestigao e Desenvolvimento, Lda
Rosa Brito, Senior Researcher
Jlio Delgado, Partner and Senior Researcher
Frantz Tavares, Partner and Chief Executive Officer
vi
Chad
Groupe de Recherches Alternatives et de Monitoring
du Projet Ptrole-Tchad-Cameroun (GRAMP-TC)
Antoine Doudjidingao, Researcher
Gilbert Maoundonodji, Director
Celine Nnodji Mbaipeur, Programme Officer
Chile
Universidad Adolfo Ibez
Fernando Larrain Aninat, Director of the Master in Management
and Public Policy, School of Government
Camila Chadwick, Project Coordinator
Leonidas Montes, Dean, School of Government
China
Institute of Economic System and Management
National Development and Reform Commission
Zhou Haichun, Deputy Director and Professor
Chen Wei, Research Fellow
Dong Ying, Professor
China Center for Economic Statistics Research,
Tianjin University of Finance and Economics
Lu Dong, Professor
Jian Wang, Associate Professor
Hongye Xiao, Professor
Bojuan Zhao, Professor
Huazhang Zheng, Associate Professor
Colombia
National Planning Department
Alvaro Edgar Balcazar, Entrepreneurial Development Director
Carolina Rentera Rodrguez, General Director
Mauricio Torres Velsquez, Advisor
Denmark
Department of Business Studies, Aalborg University
Birgitte Gregersen, Associate Professor
Gert Villumsen, Associate Professor
Ecuador
ESPAE Graduate School of Management,
Escuela Superior Politcnica del Litoral (ESPOL)
Elizabeth Arteaga, Project Assistant
Virginia Lasio, Acting Director
Sara Wong, Professor
Egypt
The Egyptian Center for Economic Studies
Omneia Helmy, Deputy Director of Research and
Lead Economist
Magda Kandil, Executive Director and Director of Research
Malak Reda, Senior Economist
Estonia
Estonian Institute of Economic Research
Evelin Ahermaa, Head of Economic Research Sector
Marje Josing, Director
Estonian Development Fund
Kitty Kubo, Head of Foresight
Ott Prna, Chief Executive Officer
Ethiopia
African Institute of Management, Development and
Governance
Tegegne Teka, General Manager
Finland
ETLAThe Research Institute of the Finnish Economy
Petri Rouvinen, Research Director
Pasi Sorjonen, Head of the Forecasting Group
Pekka Yl-Anttila, Managing Director
France
HEC School of Management, Paris
Bertrand Moingeon, Professor and Deputy Dean
Bernard Ramanantsoa, Professor and Dean
Gambia, The
Gambia Economic and Social Development Research
Institute (GESDRI)
Makaireh A. Njie, Director
Georgia
Business Initiative for Reforms in Georgia
Tamara Janashia, Executive Director
Giga Makharadze, Founding Member of the Board of Directors
Mamuka Tsereteli, Founding Member of the Board of Directors
Cte dIvoire
Chambre de Commerce et dIndustrie de Cte dIvoire
Jean-Louis Billon, President
Jean-Louis Giacometti, Technical Advisor to the President
Mamadou Sarr, Director General
Germany
WHUOtto Beisheim School of Management, Vallendar
Ralf Fendel, Professor of Monetary Economics
Michael Frenkel, Professor, Chair of Macroeconomics
and International Economics
Greece
SEV Hellenic Federation of Enterprises
Michael Mitsopoulos, Coordinator,
Research and Analysis
Thanasis Printsipas, Economist,
Research and Analysis
Guatemala
FUNDESA
Edgar A. Heinemann, President of the Board of Directors
Pablo Schneider, Economic Director
Juan Carlos Zapata, General Manager
Guyana
Institute of Development Studies, University of Guyana
Karen Pratt, Research Associate
Clive Thomas, Director
Hong Kong SAR
Hong Kong General Chamber of Commerce
David ORear, Chief Economist
Federation of Hong Kong Industries
Alexandra Poon, Director
The Chinese General Chamber of Commerce
Hungary
KOPINT-TRKI Economic Research Ltd.
gnes Nagy, Project Manager
va Palcz, Chief Executive Officer
Iceland
Innovation Center Iceland
Karl Fridriksson, Managing Director of
Human Resources and Marketing
Rosa Gisladottir, Marketing Manager
Thorsteinn I. Sigfusson, Director
India
Confederation of Indian Industry (CII)
Chandrajit Banerjee, Director General
Tarun Das, Chief Mentor
Virendra Gupta, Head, International and Trade Fairs
Indonesia
Center for Industry, SME & Business
Competition Studies, University of Trisakti
Tulus Tambunan, Professor and Director
Iran, Islamic Republic of
The Centre for Economic Studies and Surveys (CESS),
Iran Chamber of Commerce, Industries and Mines
Hammed Roohani, Director
Ireland
Competitiveness Survey Group, Department of Economics,
University College Cork
Eleanor Doyle, Professor, Department of Economics
Niall OSullivan
Bernadette Power
National Competitiveness Council
Adrian Devitt, Manager
Caoimhe Gavin, Policy Advisor
Israel
Manufacturers Association of Israel (MAI)
Shraga Brosh, President
Dan Catarivas, Director
Yehuda Segev, Managing Director
Italy
SDA Bocconi School of Management
Secchi Carlo, Full Professor of Economic Policy,
Bocconi University
Paola Dubini, Associate Professor, Bocconi University
Francesco A. Saviozzi, SDA Assistant Professor,
Strategic and Entrepreneurial Management Department
Partner Institutes
Ghana
Association of Ghana Industries (AGI)
Patricia Djorbuah, Projects Officer
Cletus Kosiba, Executive Director
Nana Owusu-Afari, President
Jamaica
Mona School of Business (MSB), The University of
the West Indies
Patricia Douce, Project Administrator
Evan Duggan, Executive Director and Professor
William Lawrence, Director, Professional Services Unit
Japan
Hitotsubashi University, Graduate School of International
Corporate Strategy (ICS) in cooperation with Keizai
Doyukai Keizai (Japan Association of Corporate Executives)
Yoko Ishikura, Professor
Kiyohiko Ito, Managing Director, Keizai Doyukai
Jordan
Ministry of Planning & International Cooperation
Jordan National Competitiveness Team
Hiba Abu Taleb, Primary Researcher
Maher Al Mahrouq, Team Leader and Director of Policies
and Studies Department
Kawther Al-Zoubi, Primary Researcher
Kazakhstan
JSC National Analytical Centre of the Government and
the National Bank of the Republic of Kazakhstan
Ayana Manasova, Chairperson
Aibek Baisakalov, Project Manager
Kenya
Institute for Development Studies, University of Nairobi
Mohamud Jama, Director and Associate Professor
Paul Kamau, Research Fellow
Dorothy McCormick, Associate Professor
Korea, Republic of
College of Business School, Korea Advanced Institute of
Science and Technology KAIST
Ingoo Han, Senior Associate Dean and Professor
Ravi Kumar, Dean and Professor
Youjin Sung, Manager, Exchange Programme
Kuwait
Kuwait National Competitiveness Committee
Adel Al-Husainan, Committee Member
Fahed Al-Rashed, Committee Chairman
Sayer Al-Sayer, Committee Member
Kyrgyz Republic
Economic Policy Institute Bishkek Consensus
Lola Abduhametova, Program Coordinator
Marat Tazabekov, Chairman
Latvia
Institute of Economics, Latvian Academy of Sciences
Helma Jirgena, Director
Irina Curkina, Researcher
Lebanon
Bader Young Entrepreneurs Program
Antoine Abou-Samra, Managing Director
Hiba Zunji, Assistant
Lesotho
Mohloli Chamber of Business
Libya
National Economic Development Board
Entisar Elbahi, Director, Relations and Supported Services
Lithuania
Statistics Lithuania
Ona Grigiene, Head, Economical Survey Division
Algirdas emeta, Director General
vii
Partner Institutes
Luxembourg
Chamber of Commerce of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg
Franois-Xavier Borsi, Attach, Economic Department
Carlo Thelen, Chief Economist, Member of the Managing Board
Marc Wagener, Attach, Economic Department
Macedonia, FYR
National Entrepreneurship and Competitiveness Council (NECC)
Dejan Janevski, Project Coordinator
Zoran Stavreski, President of the Managing Board
Saso Trajkoski, Executive Director
Mongolia
Open Society Forum (OSF)
Munkhsoyol Baatarjav, Manager of Economic Policy
Erdenejargal Perenlei, Executive Director
Madagascar
Centre of Economic Studies, University of Antananarivo
Ravelomanana Mamy Raoul, Director
Razato Rarijaona Simon, Executive Secretary
Montenegro
Institute for Strategic Studies and Prognoses (ISSP)
Maja Drakic, Project Manager
Petar Ivanovic, Chief Executive Officer
Veselin Vukotic, President
Malawi
Malawi Confederation of Chambers of Commerce and Industry
Chancellor L. Kaferapanjira, Chief Executive Officer
Malaysia
Institute of Strategic and International Studies (ISIS)
Mahani Zainal Abidin, Chief Executive
Steven C.M. Wong, Senior Director, Economics
Malaysia Productivity Corporation (MPC)
Mohd Razali Hussain, Director General
Lee Saw Hoon, Senior Director
Mali
Groupe de Recherche en Economie Applique et
Thorique (GREAT)
Massa Coulibaly, Coordinator
viii
Moldova
Academy of Economic Studies of Moldova (AESM)
Grigore Belostecinic, Rector
Malta
Competitive MaltaFoundation for National Competitiveness
Margrith Lutschg-Emmenegger, Vice President
Adrian Said, Chief Coordinator
Caroline Sciortino, Research Coordinator
Mauritania
Centre dInformation Mauritanien pour le Dveloppement
Economique et Technique (CIMDET/CCIAM)
Khira Mint Cheikhnani, Director
L Abdoul, Consultant and Analyst
Habib Sy, Analyst
Mauritius
Joint Economic Council of Mauritius
Raj Makoond, Director
Board of Investment
Kevin Bessondyal, Assistant Director, Planning and Policy
Dev Chamroo, Director, Planning and Policy
Veekram Gowd, Senior Investment Advisor, Planning
and Policy
Raju Jaddoo, Managing Director
Mexico
Center for Intellectual Capital and Competitiveness
Erika Ruiz Manzur, Executive Director
Ren Villarreal Arrambide, President and
Chief Executive Officer
Jess Zurita Gonzlez, General Director
Instituto Mexicano para la Competitividad (IMCO)
Gabriela Alarcn Esteva, Economist
Luis Csar Castaeda Valds, Researcher
Manuel J. Molano Ruz, Deputy General Director
Roberto Newell Garca, General Director
Ministry of the Economy
Paulo Esteban Alcaraz, Research Director, ProMxico
Trade & Investment
Felipe Duarte Olvera, Undersecretary for Competitiveness
and Standardization
Javier Prieto, Technical Secretary for Competitiveness
Jose Antonio Torre, Head of the Business Intelligence Unit,
ProMxico Trade & Investment
Morocco
Universit Hassan II, LASAARE
Fouzi Mourji, Professor of Economics
Mozambique
EconPolicy Research Group, Lda.
Peter Coughlin, Director
Donaldo Miguel Soares, Researcher
Ema Marta Soares, Assistant
Namibia
Namibian Economic Policy Research Unit (NEPRU)
Jacob Nyambe, Senior Researcher
Fanuel Tjingaete, Director
Nepal
Centre for Economic Development and
Administration (CEDA)
Ramesh Chandra Chitrakar, Professor and
Country Coordinator
Bharat Pokharel, Project Director and Executive Director
Mahendra Raj Joshi, Member
Netherlands
Erasmus Strategic Renewal Center,
Erasmus University Rotterdam
Frans A. J. Van den Bosch, Professor
Henk W. Volberda, Professor
New Zealand
Business New Zealand
Phil OReilly, Chief Executive
The New Zealand Institute
Lisa Bailey, Executive Assistant
Rick Boven, Director
Nigeria
Nigerian Economic Summit Group (NESG)
Frank Nweke Jr., Director General
Sam Ohuabunwa, Chairman
Chris Okpoko, Research Director, Research
Norway
BI Norwegian School of Management
Eskil Goldeng, Researcher
Torger Reve, Professor
Oman
The International Research Foundation
Salem Ben Nasser Al-Ismaily, Chairman
Arabian Research Bureau
Gus Freeman, Managing Director
Mahir Al-Maskari, General Manager
Pakistan
Competitiveness Support Fund
Arthur Bayhan, Chief Executive Officer
Imran Naeem Ahmad, Communication Specialist
Maryam Jawaid, Communication Specialist
Singapore
Economic Development Board
Lim Hong Khiang, Director Planning 2
Chua Kia Chee, Head, Research and Statistics Unit
Cheng Wai San, Head, Planning
Peru
Centro de Desarrollo Industrial (CDI), Sociedad Nacional
de Industrias
Nstor Asto, Project Director
Luis Tenorio, Executive Director
Slovak Republic
Business Alliance of Slovakia (PAS)
Robert Kicina, Executive Director
Peter Klatik, Researcher
Matej Tunega, Researcher
Philippines
Makati Business Club (MBC) in association with
Management Association of the Philippines (MAP)
Alberto A. Lim, Executive Director, MBC
Arnold P. Salvador, Executive Director, MAP
Marc P. Opulencia, Deputy Director, MBC
Michael B. Mundo, Chief Economist, MBC
Slovenia
Institute for Economic Research
Mateja Drnovek, Professor, Faculty of Economics
Peter Stanovnik, Professor
Sonja Uri , Senior Researcher
Ales Vahcic, Professor, Faculty of Economics
Poland
Economic Institute, National Bank of Poland
Mateusz Pipien, General Director
Piotr Boguszewski, Advisor
Portugal
PROFORUM, Associao para o Desenvolvimento
da Engenharia
Ildio Antnio de Ayala Serdio, Vice President of
the Board of Directors
Frum de Administradores de Empresas (FAE)
Paulo Bandeira, General Director
Pedro do Carmo Costa, Member of the Board of Directors
Esmeralda Dourado, President of the Board of Directors
Puerto Rico
Puerto Rico 2000, Inc.
Suzette M. Jimenez, President
Francisco Montalvo Fiol, Project Coordinator
Qatar
Qatari Businessmen Association (QBA)
Issa Abdul Salam Abu Issa, Secretary-General
Sarah Abdallah, Deputy General Manager
Romania
Group of Applied Economics (GEA)
Liviu Voinea, Executive Director
Irina Zgreaban, Program Coordinator
Russian Federation
Bauman Innovation
Alexei Prazdnitchnykh, Principal, Associate Professor
Katerina Marandi, Consultant
Stockholm School of Economics, Russia
Igor Dukeov, Area Principal
Carl F. Fey, Associate Dean of Research
Rwanda
Private Sector Federation
Molly Rwigamba, Acting Chief Executive Officer
Emmanuel Rutagengwa, Policy Analyst
Saudi Arabia
National Competitiveness Center (NCC)
Awwad Al-Awwad, President
Khaldon Mahasen, Vice President
Senegal
Centre de Recherches Economiques Appliques (CREA),
University of Dakar
Diop Ibrahima Thione, Director
Serbia
Center for Applied European Studies (CPES)
Srdjan Djurovic, Director
Dusko Vasiljevic, Senior Researcher
Partner Institutes
Paraguay
Centro de Anlisis y Difusin de Economia Paraguaya (CADEP)
Dionisio Borda, Research Member
Fernando Masi, Director
Mara Beln Servn, Research Member
South Africa
Business Leadership South Africa
Friede Dowie, Director
Michael Spicer, Chief Executive Officer
Business Unity South Africa
Simi Siwisa, Director
Jerry Vilakazi, Chief Executive Officer
Spain
IESE Business School, International Center for Competitiveness
Antoni Subir, Professor
Mara Luisa Blzquez, Research Associate
Sri Lanka
Institute of Policy Studies
Ayodya Galappattige, Research Officer
Saman Kelegama, Executive Director
Manoj Thibbotuwawa, Research Officer
Swaziland
Federation of Swaziland Employers and Chamber of Commerce
Zodwa Mabuza, Chief Executive Officer
Sihle Fakude,Research Analyst
Sweden
Center for Strategy and Competitiveness,
Stockholm School of Economics
Christian Ketels, Senior Research Fellow
rjan Slvell, Professor
Switzerland
University of St. Gallen, Executive School of Management,
Technology and Law (ES-HSG)
Beat Bechtold, Communications Manager
Alexander Jungmeister, Vice Executive Director
Rubn Rodriguez Startz, Project Manager
Syria
Ministry of Economy and Trade
Amer Housni Louitfi, Minister of Economy and Trade
State Planning Commission
Tayseer Al-Ridawi, Head of State Planning Commission
Syrian Enterprise Business Center (SEBC)
Tamer Abadi, Director
Taiwan, China
Council for Economic Planning and Development, Executive Yuan
Liu, Y. Christina, Minister
Hung, J. B., Director, Economic Research Department
Shieh, Chung Chung, Researcher, Economic Research Department
Tajikistan
The Center for Sociological Research Zerkalo
Qahramon Baqoev, Director
Gulnora Beknazarova, Researcher
Alikul Isoev, Sociologist and Economist
ix
Partner Institutes
Tanzania
Research on Poverty Alleviation (REPOA)
Joseph Semboja, Professor and Executive Director
Lucas Katera, Director, Commissioned Research
Cornel Jahari, Researcher, Commissioned Research Department
Thailand
Sasin Graduate Institute of Business Administration,
Chulalongkorn University
Pongsak Hoontrakul, Senior Research Fellow
Toemsakdi Krishnamra, Director of Sasin
Piyachart Phiromswad, Faculty of Economics
Thailand Development Research Institute (TDRI)
Somchai Jitsuchon, Research Director
Chalongphob Sussangkarn, Distinguished Fellow
Yos Vajragupta, Senior Researcher
Timor-Leste
East Timor Development Agency (ETDA)
Jose Barreto Goncalves, Survey Supervisor
Palmira Pires, Director
David Wilkes, Survey Field Officer
Trinidad and Tobago
Arthur Lok Jack Graduate School of Business
Miguel Carillo, Executive Director
Harrylal Nirmala, Director, International Centre
The Competitiveness Company
Rolph Balgobin, Chairman
Tunisia
Institut Arabe des Chefs dEntreprises
Majdi Hassen, Executive Counsellor
Chekib Nouira, President
Turkey
TUSIAD Sabanci University Competitiveness Forum
Dilek Cetindamar, Director and Professor
Funda Kalemci, Project Specialist
Vietnam
Central Institute for Economic Management (CIEM)
Dinh Van An, President
Phan Thanh Ha, Deputy Director, Department of
Macroeconomic Management
Pham Hoang Ha, Senior Researcher, Department of
Macroeconomic Management
Institute for Development Studies in HCMC (HIDS)
Nguyen Trong Hoa, Professor and President
Du Phuoc Tan, Head of Department
Trieu Thanh Son, Researcher
Zambia
Institute of Economic and Social Research (INESOR),
University of Zambia
Mutumba M. Bull, Director
Patricia Funjika, Staff Development Fellow
Jolly Kamwanga, Coordinator
Zimbabwe
Graduate School of Management, University of Zimbabwe
A. M. Hawkins, Professor
Bolivia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador,
Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama
INCAE Business School, Latin American Center for
Competitiveness and Sustainable Development (CLACDS)
Arturo Condo, Rector
Marlene de Estrella, Director of External Relations
Lawrence Pratt, Director, CLACDS
Vctor Umaa, Researcher and Project Manager, CLACDS
Latvia, Lithuania
Stockholm School of Economics in Riga
Karlis Kreslins, Executive MBA Programme Director
Anders Paalzow, Rector
Uganda
Kabano Research and Development Centre
Robert Apunyo, Program Manager
Delius Asiimwe, Executive Director
Catherine Ssekimpi, Research Associate
Ukraine
CASE Ukraine, Center for Social and Economic Research
Dmytro Boyarchuk, Executive Director
Vladimir Dubrovskiy, Leading Economist
United Arab Emirates
Dubai Economic Council
Gayane Afrikian, Director, Dubai Competitiveness Centre
Khawla Belqazi, Special Projects Manager
Emirates Competitiveness Council
Abdullah Nasser Lootah,Secretary General
Institute for Social and Economic Research (ISER),
Zayed University
Nico Vellinga, Professor
United Kingdom
LSE Enterprise Ltd, London School of Economics and Political
Science
Niccolo Durazzi, Project Administrator
Robyn Klingler Vidra, Researcher
Jane Lac, Project Manager
Uruguay
Universidad ORT
Isidoro Hodara, Professor
Venezuela
CONAPRIVenezuelan Council for Investment Promotion
Eduardo Porcarelli, Executive Director
Litsay Guerrero, Manager, Economic Affairs
Preface
Preface
KLAUS SCHWAB
Executive Chairman, World Economic Forum
xi
Part 1
Measuring Competitiveness
CHAPTER 1.1
A healthy workforce is vital to a countrys competitiveness and productivity. Workers who are ill cannot function
to their potential and will be less productive. Poor health
leads to significant costs to business, as sick workers are
often absent or operate at lower levels of efficiency.
Investment in the provision of health services is thus critical for clear economic, as well as moral, considerations.12
6
Figure 1: The evolution of public debt in G-7 and other country groups, 19502015
Advanced economies
Emerging and developing economies
World
G-7 economies
120
Percent of GDP
100
80
60
40
20
1950
1955
1960
1965
1970
1975
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
2015
The efficiency and flexibility of the labor market are critical for ensuring that workers are allocated to their most
efficient use in the economy and provided with incentives
to give their best effort in their jobs. Labor markets must
therefore have the flexibility to shift workers from one
economic activity to another rapidly and at low cost, and
to allow for wage fluctuations without much social disruption.14 The importance of the latter has been dramatically highlighted by the difficulties countries with particularly rigid labor marketssuch as Spainhave encountered in recovering from the recent major economic
downturn.
Efficient labor markets must also ensure a clear relationship between worker incentives and their efforts, as
well as equity in the business environment between
women and men.
Eighth pillar: Financial market development
Notes
1 The G-7 countries are Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the
United Kingdom, and the United States.
The final pillar of competitiveness is technological innovation. Although substantial gains can be obtained by
improving institutions, building infrastructure, reducing
macroeconomic instability, or improving human capital,
all these factors eventually seem to run into diminishing
returns. The same is true for the efficiency of the labor,
financial, and goods markets. In the long run, standards
of living can be enhanced only by technological innovation. Innovation is particularly important for economies
as they approach the frontiers of knowledge and the
possibility of integrating and adapting exogenous technologies tends to disappear.19
Although less-advanced countries can still improve
their productivity by adopting existing technologies or
making incremental improvements in other areas, for
those that have reached the innovation stage of development, this is no longer sufficient for increasing productivity. Firms in these countries must design and develop
cutting-edge products and processes to maintain a competitive edge. This requires an environment that is conducive to innovative activity, supported by both the
public and the private sectors. In particular, it means sufficient investment in research and development (R&D),
especially by the private sector; the presence of highquality scientific research institutions; extensive collaboration in research between universities and industry; and
the protection of intellectual property. Amid the present
economic uncertainty, it will be important to resist pressures to cut back on R&D spendingboth at the private and public levelsthat will be so critical for sustainable growth going into the future.
The interrelation of the 12 pillars
While we report the results of the 12 pillars of competitiveness separately, it is important to keep in mind that
they are not independent: they tend to reinforce each
other, and a weakness in one area often has a negative
impact on other areas. For example, innovation (pillar 12)
will be very difficult without a well-educated and trained
workforce (pillars 4 and 5) that are adept at absorbing
new technologies (pillar 9), and without sufficient
financing (pillar 8) for R&D or an efficient goods market that makes it possible to take new innovations to
market (pillar 6). While the pillars are aggregated into a
single index, measures are reported for the 12 pillars separately because such details provide a sense of the specific
areas in which a particular country needs to improve.
Appendix A describes the exact composition of the
GCI and technical details of its construction.
Basic requirements
Institutions
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic environment
Health and primary education
Key for
factor-driven
economies
Efficiency enhancers
Key for
efficiency-driven
economies
Key for
innovation-driven
economies
Efficiencydriven
stage (%)
Innovationdriven
stage (%)
Basic requirements
60
40
20
Efficiency enhancers
35
50
50
10
30
Subindex
10
< 2,000
2,0003,000
3,0009,000
9,00017,000
> 17,000
Stage 1
Transition from 1 to 2
Stage 2
Transition from 2 to 3
Stage 3
Bangladesh
Benin
Bolivia
Burkina Faso
Burundi
Cambodia
Cameroon
Chad
Cte dIvoire
Ethiopia
Gambia, The
Ghana
Honduras
India
Kenya
Kyrgyz Republic
Lesotho
Madagascar
Malawi
Mali
Mauritania
Moldova
Mongolia
Mozambique
Nepal
Nicaragua
Nigeria
Pakistan
Philippines
Rwanda
Senegal
Tajikistan
Tanzania
Timor-Leste
Uganda
Vietnam
Zambia
Zimbabwe
Algeria
Angola
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Botswana
Brunei Darussalam
Egypt
Georgia
Guatemala
Guyana
Indonesia
Iran, Islamic Rep.
Jamaica
Kazakhstan
Kuwait
Libya
Morocco
Paraguay
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
Sri Lanka
Swaziland
Syria
Ukraine
Venezuela
Albania
Argentina
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Brazil
Bulgaria
Cape Verde
China
Colombia
Costa Rica
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
El Salvador
Jordan
Lebanon
Macedonia, FYR
Malaysia
Mauritius
Mexico
Montenegro
Namibia
Panama
Peru
Romania
Russian Federation
Serbia
South Africa
Thailand
Tunisia
Turkey
Bahrain
Barbados
Chile
Croatia
Estonia
Hungary
Latvia
Lithuania
Oman
Poland
Puerto Rico
Slovak Republic
Taiwan, China
Trinidad and Tobago
Uruguay
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Cyprus
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hong Kong SAR
Iceland
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea, Rep.
Luxembourg
Malta
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Portugal
Singapore
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
United Arab Emirates
United Kingdom
United States
Country coverage
A number of new countries have been added this year.
These include four African countries (Angola, Cape
11
12
Stage 1: Factor-driven
Stage 2: Efficiency-driven
Stage 3: Innovation-driven
Weight
Distribution
Reference
assigned for the
value
robustness analysis
w11
0.6
U[0.4,0.8]
w12
0.35
U[0.2,0.5]
w13
0.05
U[0.0,0.1]
w21
0.4
U[0.2,0.6]
w22
0.5
U[0.3,0.7]
w23
0.1
U[0.05,0.3]
w31
0.2
U[0.1,0.4]
w32
0.5
U[0.3,0.7]
w33
0.3
U[0.1,0.4]
Note
1 The analysis was carried out on the GCI from The Global
Competitiveness Report 20092010. See World Economic Forum
2009.
Median score
GCI 20092010 score
Score
13
Sources: European Commission Joint Research Centre; World Economic Forum, 2009.
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
Sources: European Commission Joint Research Centre; World Economic Forum, 2009.
Innovation
Business
sophistication
Market size
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Labor market
efficiency
Goods market
efficiency
Higher education
and training
Health and
primary education
Macroeconomic
environment
Infrastructure
Institutions
0.4
14
rank, highlighting the stability among the top 10 performers. The following sections discuss the findings of
the GCI 20102011 for the top 10 performers globally,
as well as for a number of selected economies in each of
the five following regions: Europe and Central Asia,
Latin America and the Caribbean, Asia and the Pacific,
the Middle East and North Africa, and sub-Saharan
Africa.23
One trend worth noting is the slight decline on
average among countries in the most advanced stage of
development, the innovation-driven stage, while those
countries in the first and second stages have seen a slight
improvement in score. In other words, while the competitiveness of more industrialized economies is worsening, developing countries are improving, resulting in a
small convergence in performance.
Top 10
The countries that constitute the top 10 remain the
same as last year, with some changes in rank among
them. Switzerland retains its 1st place position, characterized by an excellent capacity for innovation and a
very sophisticated business culture, ranked 4th for its
business sophistication and 2nd for its innovation capacity. Switzerlands scientific research institutions are
among the worlds best, and the strong collaboration
between the academic and business sectors, combined
with high company spending on R&D, ensures that
much of this research is translated into marketable products and processes, reinforced by strong intellectual
property protection and government support of innovation through its procurement processes. This strong
innovative capacity is captured by the high rate of
patenting (158.95 per million inhabitants) in the country, for which Switzerland ranks 7th worldwide on a per
capita basis.
Public institutions in Switzerland are among the
most effective and transparent in the world (5th), receiving an even better comparative assessment this year than
in past years. Governance structures ensure a level playing field, enhancing business confidence; these include
an independent judiciary, strong rule of law, and a highly
accountable public sector. Competitiveness is also buttressed by excellent infrastructure (6th), a well-functioning goods market (4th), and a highly developed financial
market (8th) as well as a labor market that is among the
most efficient in the world (2nd, just behind Singapores).
And Switzerlands macroeconomic environment, after
weakening slightly last year, has bounced back and is
among the most stable in the world (ranked 5th) at a
time when many countries are struggling in this area.
While Switzerland demonstrates many competitive
strengths, the university enrollment rate of 49.4 percent
continues to lag behind many other high-innovation
countries, placing it 48th on this indicator. With an eye
to the future, efforts should be made to boost higher
GCI 20102011
Country/Economy
Switzerland
Sweden
Singapore
United States
Germany
Japan
Finland
Netherlands
Denmark
Canada
Hong Kong SAR
United Kingdom
Taiwan, China
Norway
France
Australia
Qatar
Austria
Belgium
Luxembourg
Saudi Arabia
Korea, Rep.
New Zealand
Israel
United Arab Emirates
Malaysia
China
Brunei Darussalam
Ireland
Chile
Iceland
Tunisia
Estonia
Oman
Kuwait
Czech Republic
Bahrain
Thailand
Poland
Cyprus
Puerto Rico
Spain
Barbados
Indonesia
Slovenia
Portugal
Lithuania
Italy
Montenegro
Malta
India
Hungary
Panama
South Africa
Mauritius
Costa Rica
Azerbaijan
Brazil
Vietnam
Slovak Republic
Turkey
Sri Lanka
Russian Federation
Uruguay
Jordan
Mexico
Romania
Colombia
Iran, Islamic Rep.
Latvia
Bulgaria
Rank
Score
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
5.63
5.56
5.48
5.43
5.39
5.37
5.37
5.33
5.32
5.30
5.30
5.25
5.21
5.14
5.13
5.11
5.10
5.09
5.07
5.05
4.95
4.93
4.92
4.91
4.89
4.88
4.84
4.75
4.74
4.69
4.68
4.65
4.61
4.61
4.59
4.57
4.54
4.51
4.51
4.50
4.49
4.49
4.45
4.43
4.42
4.38
4.38
4.37
4.36
4.34
4.33
4.33
4.33
4.32
4.32
4.31
4.29
4.28
4.27
4.25
4.25
4.25
4.24
4.23
4.21
4.19
4.16
4.14
4.14
4.14
4.13
GCI 2010
2011 rank
among 2009
countries
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
n/a
69
70
GCI 20092010
rank *
1
4
3
2
7
8
6
10
5
9
11
13
12
14
16
15
22
17
18
21
28
19
20
27
23
24
29
32
25
30
26
40
35
41
39
31
38
36
46
34
42
33
44
54
37
43
53
48
62
52
49
58
59
45
57
55
51
56
75
47
61
79
63
65
50
60
64
69
n/a
68
76
(Contd.)
GCI 20102011
Country/Economy
Rank
Score
Kazakhstan
Peru
Namibia
Morocco
Botswana
Croatia
Guatemala
Macedonia, FYR
Rwanda
Egypt
El Salvador
Greece
Trinidad and Tobago
Philippines
Algeria
Argentina
Albania
Ukraine
Gambia, The
Honduras
Lebanon
Georgia
Moldova
Jamaica
Serbia
Syria
Armenia
Mongolia
Libya
Dominican Republic
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Benin
Senegal
Ecuador
Kenya
Bangladesh
Bolivia
Cambodia
Guyana
Cameroon
Nicaragua
Tanzania
Ghana
Zambia
Tajikistan
Cape Verde
Uganda
Ethiopia
Paraguay
Kyrgyz Republic
Venezuela
Pakistan
Madagascar
Malawi
Swaziland
Nigeria
Lesotho
Cte dIvoire
Nepal
Mozambique
Mali
Timor-Leste
Burkina Faso
Mauritania
Zimbabwe
Burundi
Angola
Chad
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
4.12
4.11
4.09
4.08
4.05
4.04
4.04
4.02
4.00
4.00
3.99
3.99
3.97
3.96
3.96
3.95
3.94
3.90
3.90
3.89
3.89
3.86
3.86
3.85
3.84
3.79
3.76
3.75
3.74
3.72
3.70
3.69
3.67
3.65
3.65
3.64
3.64
3.63
3.62
3.58
3.57
3.56
3.56
3.55
3.53
3.51
3.51
3.51
3.49
3.49
3.48
3.48
3.46
3.45
3.40
3.38
3.36
3.35
3.34
3.32
3.28
3.23
3.20
3.14
3.03
2.96
2.93
2.73
GCI 2010
2011 rank
among 2009
countries
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
n/a
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
n/a
90
n/a
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
n/a
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
n/a
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
n/a
132
GCI 20092010
rank *
67
78
74
73
66
72
80
84
n/a
70
77
71
86
87
83
85
96
82
81
89
n/a
90
n/a
91
93
94
97
117
88
95
109
103
92
105
98
106
120
110
104
111
115
100
114
112
122
n/a
108
118
124
123
113
101
121
119
n/a
99
107
116
125
129
130
126
128
127
132
133
n/a
131
* The 20092010 rank shown is the one published last year out of 133 countries. One country that was included last year, Suriname, has been excluded this year for lack of Survey data. Surinames rank of 102 from last year is
therefore not shown in the table.
15
16
Switzerland
Sweden
Singapore
United States
Germany
Japan
Finland
Netherlands
Denmark
Canada
Hong Kong SAR
United Kingdom
Taiwan, China
Norway
France
Australia
Qatar
Austria
Belgium
Luxembourg
Saudi Arabia
Korea, Rep.
New Zealand
Israel
United Arab Emirates
Malaysia
China
Brunei Darussalam
Ireland
Chile
Iceland
Tunisia
Estonia
Oman
Kuwait
Czech Republic
Bahrain
Thailand
Poland
Cyprus
Puerto Rico
Spain
Barbados
Indonesia
Slovenia
Portugal
Lithuania
Italy
Montenegro
Malta
India
Hungary
Panama
South Africa
Mauritius
Costa Rica
Azerbaijan
Brazil
Vietnam
Slovak Republic
Turkey
Sri Lanka
Russian Federation
Uruguay
Jordan
Mexico
Romania
Colombia
Iran, Islamic Rep.
Basic requirements
Efficiency enhancers
Innovation and
sophistication factors
Rank
Score
Rank
Score
Rank
Score
Rank
Score
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
5.63
5.56
5.48
5.43
5.39
5.37
5.37
5.33
5.32
5.30
5.30
5.25
5.21
5.14
5.13
5.11
5.10
5.09
5.07
5.05
4.95
4.93
4.92
4.91
4.89
4.88
4.84
4.75
4.74
4.69
4.68
4.65
4.61
4.61
4.59
4.57
4.54
4.51
4.51
4.50
4.49
4.49
4.45
4.43
4.42
4.38
4.38
4.37
4.36
4.34
4.33
4.33
4.33
4.32
4.32
4.31
4.29
4.28
4.27
4.25
4.25
4.25
4.24
4.23
4.21
4.19
4.16
4.14
4.14
2
4
3
32
6
26
5
9
7
11
1
18
19
17
16
12
13
15
22
10
28
23
14
39
8
33
30
20
35
37
41
31
25
24
36
44
21
48
56
29
43
38
27
60
34
42
52
46
45
40
81
59
49
79
47
62
58
86
74
53
68
73
65
51
57
66
77
78
63
6.05
5.98
6.05
5.21
5.89
5.35
5.97
5.82
5.86
5.77
6.12
5.58
5.58
5.65
5.67
5.74
5.73
5.67
5.45
5.81
5.32
5.42
5.71
5.12
5.82
5.19
5.27
5.48
5.18
5.15
5.05
5.25
5.38
5.41
5.16
4.91
5.48
4.82
4.69
5.28
5.01
5.13
5.34
4.62
5.18
5.01
4.77
4.84
4.90
5.08
4.30
4.65
4.79
4.35
4.82
4.59
4.67
4.26
4.39
4.77
4.49
4.42
4.52
4.77
4.67
4.51
4.36
4.35
4.58
4
5
1
3
13
11
14
8
9
6
2
7
16
12
15
10
26
19
17
20
27
22
18
23
21
24
29
67
25
35
31
50
34
48
68
28
33
39
30
36
40
32
52
51
46
43
49
45
64
47
38
41
62
42
66
58
75
44
57
37
55
69
53
74
73
61
54
60
90
5.41
5.32
5.49
5.46
5.11
5.17
5.09
5.24
5.20
5.32
5.48
5.28
5.05
5.13
5.09
5.20
4.68
4.93
5.01
4.92
4.67
4.81
4.97
4.75
4.82
4.72
4.63
4.05
4.68
4.51
4.57
4.28
4.52
4.30
4.03
4.66
4.54
4.41
4.62
4.46
4.39
4.56
4.22
4.24
4.33
4.36
4.28
4.33
4.08
4.31
4.42
4.38
4.08
4.37
4.05
4.13
3.97
4.35
4.16
4.43
4.18
4.01
4.19
3.98
3.98
4.09
4.18
4.09
3.76
2
3
10
4
5
1
6
8
9
14
24
12
7
17
16
22
23
13
15
19
26
18
28
11
27
25
31
72
21
44
20
34
45
47
60
30
55
49
50
36
29
41
52
37
35
39
48
32
56
46
42
51
54
43
59
33
66
38
53
63
57
40
80
70
65
69
91
61
82
5.71
5.67
5.07
5.53
5.51
5.72
5.43
5.16
5.15
4.95
4.46
4.98
5.23
4.83
4.83
4.54
4.48
4.97
4.91
4.76
4.41
4.81
4.30
5.05
4.37
4.45
4.13
3.42
4.55
3.91
4.61
4.09
3.90
3.87
3.57
4.19
3.67
3.78
3.76
4.07
4.24
3.96
3.69
4.06
4.08
3.98
3.79
4.11
3.67
3.88
3.96
3.71
3.68
3.93
3.61
4.11
3.50
4.03
3.69
3.54
3.63
3.97
3.36
3.46
3.50
3.46
3.24
3.56
3.34
(Contd.)
SUBINDEXES
OVERALL INDEX
Country/Economy
Latvia
Bulgaria
Kazakhstan
Peru
Namibia
Morocco
Botswana
Croatia
Guatemala
Macedonia, FYR
Rwanda
Egypt
El Salvador
Greece
Trinidad and Tobago
Philippines
Algeria
Argentina
Albania
Ukraine
Gambia, The
Honduras
Lebanon
Georgia
Moldova
Jamaica
Serbia
Syria
Armenia
Mongolia
Libya
Dominican Republic
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Benin
Senegal
Ecuador
Kenya
Bangladesh
Bolivia
Cambodia
Guyana
Cameroon
Nicaragua
Tanzania
Ghana
Zambia
Tajikistan
Cape Verde
Uganda
Ethiopia
Paraguay
Kyrgyz Republic
Venezuela
Pakistan
Madagascar
Malawi
Swaziland
Nigeria
Lesotho
Cte dIvoire
Nepal
Mozambique
Mali
Timor-Leste
Burkina Faso
Mauritania
Zimbabwe
Burundi
Angola
Chad
Basic requirements
Efficiency enhancers
Innovation and
sophistication factors
Rank
Score
Rank
Score
Rank
Score
Rank
Score
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
4.14
4.13
4.12
4.11
4.09
4.08
4.05
4.04
4.04
4.02
4.00
4.00
3.99
3.99
3.97
3.96
3.96
3.95
3.94
3.90
3.90
3.89
3.89
3.86
3.86
3.85
3.84
3.78
3.76
3.75
3.74
3.72
3.70
3.69
3.67
3.65
3.65
3.64
3.64
3.63
3.62
3.58
3.57
3.56
3.56
3.55
3.53
3.51
3.51
3.51
3.49
3.49
3.48
3.48
3.46
3.45
3.40
3.38
3.36
3.35
3.34
3.32
3.28
3.23
3.20
3.14
3.03
2.96
2.93
2.73
61
72
69
87
54
64
76
50
85
70
84
89
71
67
55
99
80
82
75
102
90
91
106
95
97
103
93
83
94
100
88
107
98
104
108
92
126
114
101
113
105
111
109
116
122
121
112
96
123
119
115
120
117
132
118
129
110
136
124
133
125
130
128
127
134
131
137
135
138
139
4.60
4.43
4.48
4.22
4.70
4.57
4.37
4.78
4.26
4.45
4.28
4.19
4.44
4.49
4.70
4.02
4.32
4.29
4.38
3.92
4.16
4.15
3.87
4.13
4.10
3.92
4.15
4.28
4.14
3.97
4.20
3.82
4.05
3.91
3.80
4.15
3.50
3.71
3.96
3.72
3.89
3.78
3.80
3.66
3.54
3.56
3.74
4.13
3.53
3.63
3.69
3.59
3.66
3.39
3.64
3.46
3.79
3.11
3.53
3.36
3.52
3.43
3.47
3.49
3.29
3.39
3.05
3.24
2.84
2.68
63
65
71
56
91
88
85
76
81
83
98
82
87
59
77
78
107
86
89
72
105
104
70
94
99
80
93
117
106
109
127
92
100
120
108
115
79
97
125
103
112
121
122
114
96
101
123
129
102
118
119
111
113
95
124
110
126
84
132
116
131
128
135
136
133
138
134
139
130
137
4.08
4.07
4.00
4.18
3.76
3.78
3.80
3.97
3.89
3.84
3.62
3.85
3.78
4.12
3.95
3.93
3.49
3.78
3.77
3.98
3.51
3.55
4.00
3.71
3.59
3.90
3.75
3.38
3.51
3.47
3.19
3.75
3.57
3.35
3.49
3.41
3.90
3.62
3.20
3.56
3.43
3.31
3.29
3.42
3.65
3.56
3.25
3.16
3.56
3.38
3.37
3.44
3.43
3.66
3.21
3.45
3.20
3.83
3.12
3.38
3.14
3.16
2.99
2.87
3.08
2.79
3.01
2.53
3.15
2.81
77
95
102
89
92
79
93
85
62
97
87
68
96
73
78
75
108
71
104
88
64
98
74
121
123
86
107
115
114
119
135
99
120
81
67
124
58
109
125
106
103
105
126
94
100
90
118
128
111
117
132
137
129
76
113
84
131
83
116
110
133
101
112
136
127
134
122
138
139
130
3.37
3.22
3.14
3.29
3.24
3.36
3.24
3.32
3.54
3.20
3.30
3.48
3.20
3.41
3.36
3.38
3.04
3.42
3.09
3.30
3.53
3.20
3.41
2.90
2.89
3.31
3.04
2.97
2.98
2.95
2.62
3.17
2.93
3.35
3.48
2.89
3.63
3.01
2.88
3.06
3.13
3.08
2.88
3.22
3.17
3.28
2.96
2.84
3.00
2.96
2.71
2.58
2.79
3.38
2.98
3.32
2.77
3.33
2.96
3.01
2.67
3.14
3.00
2.60
2.87
2.63
2.89
2.56
2.50
2.79
17
18
Albania
Algeria
Angola
Argentina
Armenia
Australia
Austria
Azerbaijan
Bahrain
Bangladesh
Barbados
Belgium
Benin
Bolivia
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Botswana
Brazil
Brunei Darussalam
Bulgaria
Burkina Faso
Burundi
Cambodia
Cameroon
Canada
Cape Verde
Chad
Chile
China
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cte dIvoire
Croatia
Cyprus
Czech Republic
Denmark
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
Egypt
El Salvador
Estonia
Ethiopia
Finland
France
Gambia, The
Georgia
Germany
Ghana
Greece
Guatemala
Guyana
Honduras
Hong Kong SAR
Hungary
Iceland
India
Indonesia
Iran, Islamic Rep.
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Jamaica
Japan
Jordan
Kazakhstan
Kenya
Korea, Rep.
Kuwait
Kyrgyz Republic
Latvia
1. Institutions
2. Infrastructure
3. Macroeconomic
environment
4. Health and
primary education
Rank
Score
Rank
Score
Rank
Score
Rank
Score
Rank
Score
75
80
138
82
94
12
15
58
21
114
27
22
104
101
98
76
86
20
72
134
135
113
111
11
96
139
37
30
78
62
133
50
29
44
7
107
92
89
71
25
119
5
16
90
95
6
122
67
85
105
91
1
59
41
81
60
63
35
39
46
103
26
57
69
126
23
36
120
61
4.38
4.32
2.84
4.29
4.14
5.74
5.67
4.67
5.48
3.71
5.34
5.45
3.91
3.96
4.05
4.37
4.26
5.48
4.43
3.29
3.24
3.72
3.78
5.77
4.13
2.68
5.15
5.27
4.35
4.59
3.36
4.78
5.28
4.91
5.86
3.82
4.15
4.19
4.44
5.38
3.63
5.97
5.67
4.16
4.13
5.89
3.54
4.49
4.26
3.89
4.15
6.12
4.65
5.05
4.30
4.62
4.58
5.18
5.12
4.84
3.92
5.35
4.67
4.48
3.50
5.42
5.16
3.59
4.60
63
98
119
132
97
14
15
71
27
115
22
29
87
136
126
32
93
36
114
90
138
94
107
11
56
135
28
49
103
51
133
86
30
72
5
117
128
57
101
31
59
4
26
37
69
13
67
84
124
95
108
8
79
18
58
61
82
24
33
92
85
25
41
91
123
62
46
131
75
3.96
3.46
3.22
2.99
3.50
5.49
5.42
3.86
5.02
3.24
5.20
4.98
3.64
2.85
3.13
4.84
3.58
4.77
3.29
3.60
2.77
3.56
3.39
5.55
4.06
2.89
5.01
4.37
3.43
4.35
2.97
3.65
4.91
3.86
5.84
3.23
3.05
4.03
3.44
4.91
4.03
5.96
5.04
4.76
3.87
5.50
3.93
3.67
3.15
3.54
3.37
5.73
3.76
5.27
4.03
3.98
3.74
5.14
4.84
3.58
3.66
5.08
4.64
3.58
3.16
3.98
4.45
3.01
3.79
89
87
136
77
90
22
20
76
27
133
23
21
113
100
98
84
62
52
80
134
132
114
126
9
109
137
40
50
79
78
99
41
26
39
13
107
96
64
59
32
115
17
4
69
73
2
106
42
66
103
85
1
51
12
86
82
74
38
34
31
65
11
61
81
102
18
60
124
55
3.46
3.49
1.88
3.63
3.46
5.44
5.56
3.69
5.08
2.15
5.37
5.53
2.71
3.04
3.16
3.54
4.02
4.33
3.57
2.13
2.19
2.70
2.42
5.80
2.81
1.83
4.69
4.44
3.59
3.62
3.05
4.63
5.10
4.78
5.69
2.83
3.18
3.97
4.13
4.94
2.65
5.59
6.24
3.83
3.75
6.43
2.87
4.57
3.90
2.92
3.51
6.77
4.36
5.69
3.49
3.56
3.75
4.80
4.89
4.94
3.91
5.69
4.11
3.57
2.99
5.59
4.11
2.47
4.26
101
57
122
54
99
17
24
13
11
80
91
72
82
59
81
74
111
1
42
98
121
116
53
36
102
134
27
4
50
108
94
51
67
48
16
88
55
129
64
19
127
15
44
117
130
23
136
123
63
126
100
10
69
138
73
35
45
95
60
76
137
105
103
26
128
6
2
119
84
4.21
4.75
3.61
4.76
4.23
5.55
5.30
5.62
5.65
4.49
4.30
4.56
4.47
4.72
4.48
4.52
4.00
6.62
5.00
4.25
3.63
3.81
4.81
5.14
4.20
3.10
5.24
6.11
4.85
4.07
4.27
4.82
4.60
4.90
5.56
4.36
4.76
3.35
4.66
5.40
3.48
5.58
4.98
3.78
3.26
5.32
3.00
3.61
4.69
3.52
4.23
5.67
4.59
2.59
4.53
5.15
4.96
4.26
4.71
4.52
2.93
4.12
4.19
5.27
3.48
5.76
6.42
3.66
4.47
56
77
139
60
93
13
17
83
36
106
14
1
108
100
89
114
87
32
58
135
120
110
116
6
88
138
71
37
79
22
136
48
12
43
20
107
75
91
81
29
119
2
16
124
73
25
122
40
96
78
82
28
57
4
104
62
54
10
46
26
102
9
66
85
121
21
68
101
55
5.87
5.56
2.66
5.79
5.37
6.49
6.41
5.50
6.17
4.96
6.48
6.75
4.83
5.21
5.43
4.58
5.45
6.20
5.85
3.20
4.37
4.80
4.49
6.60
5.44
2.90
5.66
6.16
5.55
6.33
3.14
6.02
6.50
6.10
6.36
4.86
5.61
5.42
5.52
6.26
4.37
6.75
6.42
4.25
5.64
6.32
4.34
6.13
5.33
5.55
5.50
6.29
5.87
6.66
5.16
5.78
5.89
6.51
6.05
6.30
5.19
6.52
5.73
5.48
4.36
6.34
5.68
5.21
5.88
(Contd.)
PILLARS
BASIC REQUIREMENTS
Country/Economy
Lebanon
Lesotho
Libya
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Macedonia, FYR
Madagascar
Malawi
Malaysia
Mali
Malta
Mauritania
Mauritius
Mexico
Moldova
Mongolia
Montenegro
Morocco
Mozambique
Namibia
Nepal
Netherlands
New Zealand
Nicaragua
Nigeria
Norway
Oman
Pakistan
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Philippines
Poland
Portugal
Puerto Rico
Qatar
Romania
Russian Federation
Rwanda
Saudi Arabia
Senegal
Serbia
Singapore
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
South Africa
Spain
Sri Lanka
Swaziland
Sweden
Switzerland
Syria
Taiwan, China
Tajikistan
Tanzania
Thailand
Timor-Leste
Trinidad and Tobago
Tunisia
Turkey
Uganda
Ukraine
United Arab Emirates
United Kingdom
United States
Uruguay
Venezuela
Vietnam
Zambia
Zimbabwe
1. Institutions
2. Infrastructure
3. Macroeconomic
environment
4. Health and
primary education
Rank
Score
Rank
Score
Rank
Score
Rank
Score
Rank
Score
106
124
88
52
10
70
118
129
33
128
40
131
47
66
97
100
45
64
130
54
125
9
14
109
136
17
24
132
49
115
87
99
56
42
43
13
77
65
84
28
108
93
3
53
34
79
38
73
110
4
2
83
19
112
116
48
127
55
31
68
123
102
8
18
32
51
117
74
121
137
3.87
3.53
4.20
4.77
5.81
4.45
3.64
3.46
5.19
3.47
5.08
3.39
4.82
4.51
4.10
3.97
4.90
4.57
3.43
4.70
3.52
5.82
5.71
3.80
3.11
5.65
5.41
3.39
4.79
3.69
4.22
4.02
4.69
5.01
5.01
5.73
4.36
4.52
4.28
5.32
3.80
4.15
6.05
4.77
5.18
4.35
5.13
4.42
3.79
5.98
6.05
4.28
5.58
3.74
3.66
4.82
3.49
4.70
5.25
4.49
3.53
3.92
5.82
5.58
5.21
4.77
3.66
4.39
3.56
3.05
113
100
111
60
9
80
129
52
42
109
34
116
43
106
102
122
45
66
99
38
130
12
3
127
121
6
16
112
73
137
96
125
54
48
44
10
81
118
19
21
76
120
1
89
50
47
53
55
70
2
7
78
35
77
83
64
110
68
23
88
104
134
20
17
40
39
139
74
65
105
3.33
3.45
3.34
3.99
5.73
3.75
3.05
4.27
4.62
3.36
4.83
3.23
4.61
3.40
3.43
3.17
4.46
3.94
3.46
4.76
3.03
5.54
6.00
3.10
3.18
5.82
5.37
3.34
3.81
2.85
3.53
3.14
4.18
4.37
4.58
5.55
3.74
3.22
5.26
5.22
3.77
3.19
6.13
3.60
4.37
4.38
4.25
4.06
3.86
6.12
5.77
3.76
4.82
3.76
3.74
3.95
3.35
3.89
5.19
3.61
3.42
2.96
5.25
5.28
4.67
4.72
2.43
3.80
3.95
3.41
123
120
95
43
19
91
130
131
30
121
48
122
58
75
97
117
67
71
119
54
139
7
37
111
135
29
33
110
44
125
88
104
72
24
49
25
92
47
101
28
112
93
5
57
36
63
14
70
94
10
6
105
16
116
128
35
138
45
46
56
127
68
3
8
15
53
108
83
118
129
2.47
2.56
3.22
4.56
5.56
3.45
2.35
2.26
4.97
2.56
4.45
2.52
4.18
3.74
3.18
2.61
3.85
3.78
2.56
4.26
1.81
5.93
4.82
2.73
2.02
5.00
4.94
2.75
4.53
2.46
3.47
2.92
3.76
5.30
4.44
5.24
3.44
4.46
2.99
5.07
2.71
3.39
6.22
4.19
4.83
3.98
5.67
3.82
3.26
5.76
6.09
2.88
5.63
2.63
2.37
4.84
1.81
4.53
4.50
4.21
2.40
3.83
6.26
5.88
5.65
4.29
2.82
3.56
2.59
2.36
125
77
7
71
9
47
112
135
41
65
52
118
62
28
90
49
37
31
104
40
86
25
20
110
97
18
3
133
30
93
75
68
61
96
39
8
78
79
106
22
89
109
33
32
34
43
66
124
92
14
5
58
21
131
115
46
29
70
38
83
114
132
12
56
87
107
113
85
120
139
3.58
4.50
5.72
4.56
5.67
4.91
3.99
3.08
5.01
4.63
4.82
3.70
4.69
5.24
4.31
4.90
5.09
5.21
4.17
5.04
4.41
5.29
5.40
4.01
4.25
5.43
6.11
3.19
5.22
4.28
4.52
4.60
4.70
4.26
5.07
5.71
4.50
4.49
4.07
5.35
4.34
4.05
5.20
5.20
5.19
4.99
4.60
3.60
4.28
5.61
5.81
4.75
5.36
3.25
3.87
4.93
5.22
4.59
5.09
4.47
3.89
3.20
5.65
4.76
4.39
4.07
3.90
4.47
3.64
2.26
44
131
115
52
27
69
103
125
34
134
30
127
59
70
84
98
33
94
133
112
109
8
5
95
137
24
99
123
76
105
92
90
39
41
51
15
63
53
111
74
118
50
3
45
23
129
49
35
130
18
7
64
11
97
113
80
132
61
31
72
117
67
38
19
42
47
86
65
128
126
6.08
3.61
4.53
5.95
6.29
5.67
5.17
4.23
6.18
3.32
6.23
4.11
5.81
5.66
5.50
5.22
6.19
5.37
3.54
4.75
4.81
6.53
6.64
5.36
3.00
6.33
5.22
4.27
5.60
5.16
5.38
5.42
6.13
6.13
5.95
6.43
5.77
5.92
4.80
5.64
4.37
5.95
6.67
6.07
6.33
4.06
6.01
6.18
3.73
6.41
6.56
5.74
6.50
5.32
4.67
5.55
3.56
5.78
6.23
5.65
4.42
5.70
6.14
6.40
6.12
6.02
5.47
5.74
4.06
4.16
19
20
Albania
Algeria
Angola
Argentina
Armenia
Australia
Austria
Azerbaijan
Bahrain
Bangladesh
Barbados
Belgium
Benin
Bolivia
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Botswana
Brazil
Brunei Darussalam
Bulgaria
Burkina Faso
Burundi
Cambodia
Cameroon
Canada
Cape Verde
Chad
Chile
China
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cte dIvoire
Croatia
Cyprus
Czech Republic
Denmark
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
Egypt
El Salvador
Estonia
Ethiopia
Finland
France
Gambia, The
Georgia
Germany
Ghana
Greece
Guatemala
Guyana
Honduras
Hong Kong SAR
Hungary
Iceland
India
Indonesia
Iran, Islamic Rep.
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Jamaica
Japan
Jordan
Kazakhstan
Kenya
Korea, Rep.
Kuwait
Kyrgyz Republic
Latvia
5. Higher education
and training
6. Goods market
efficiency
7. Labor market
efficiency
8. Financial market
development
9. Technological
readiness
Rank
Score
Rank
Score
Rank
Score
Rank
Score
Rank
Score
Rank
Score
89
107
130
86
106
10
19
75
33
97
52
17
120
125
100
85
44
67
65
133
139
103
121
6
129
137
35
29
60
58
116
76
36
28
9
92
115
82
87
34
118
14
15
105
94
13
96
59
81
112
104
2
41
31
38
51
90
25
23
45
80
11
73
71
79
22
68
111
63
3.77
3.49
3.15
3.78
3.51
5.20
4.93
3.97
4.54
3.62
4.22
5.01
3.35
3.20
3.57
3.80
4.35
4.05
4.07
3.08
2.53
3.56
3.31
5.32
3.16
2.81
4.51
4.63
4.09
4.13
3.38
3.97
4.46
4.66
5.20
3.75
3.41
3.85
3.78
4.52
3.38
5.09
5.09
3.51
3.71
5.11
3.65
4.12
3.89
3.43
3.55
5.48
4.38
4.57
4.42
4.24
3.76
4.68
4.75
4.33
3.90
5.17
3.98
4.00
3.90
4.81
4.03
3.44
4.08
84
98
138
55
91
14
16
77
44
126
27
7
112
100
88
94
58
64
67
135
139
122
117
8
109
136
45
60
69
43
116
56
29
24
3
99
92
97
101
22
129
1
17
103
90
19
108
42
104
81
106
28
34
6
85
66
87
23
33
47
80
20
57
65
96
15
83
86
35
3.86
3.59
2.13
4.46
3.66
5.53
5.38
3.96
4.64
2.77
4.97
5.71
3.18
3.58
3.80
3.64
4.29
4.21
4.14
2.45
2.03
2.92
3.00
5.66
3.25
2.33
4.63
4.24
4.09
4.64
3.02
4.35
4.91
5.11
5.84
3.59
3.65
3.59
3.52
5.17
2.72
6.06
5.36
3.50
3.74
5.33
3.27
4.67
3.47
3.91
3.35
4.94
4.81
5.74
3.85
4.18
3.80
5.17
4.82
4.60
3.92
5.28
4.32
4.20
3.62
5.42
3.87
3.83
4.81
63
126
133
135
113
18
19
93
9
102
55
16
100
136
127
58
114
78
82
120
137
81
119
11
111
138
28
43
103
48
118
110
20
35
13
109
132
90
53
29
92
24
32
66
64
21
75
94
61
95
83
2
67
30
71
49
98
14
37
68
80
17
46
86
88
38
54
121
72
4.19
3.57
3.33
3.14
3.72
5.02
5.00
3.92
5.13
3.83
4.27
5.08
3.84
3.13
3.56
4.23
3.71
4.06
4.00
3.59
2.98
4.04
3.65
5.11
3.76
2.88
4.80
4.40
3.83
4.35
3.65
3.78
4.97
4.58
5.10
3.79
3.36
3.94
4.32
4.71
3.93
4.92
4.69
4.17
4.18
4.97
4.09
3.91
4.21
3.88
4.00
5.57
4.16
4.71
4.13
4.35
3.85
5.09
4.58
4.16
4.04
5.06
4.36
3.98
3.96
4.55
4.32
3.58
4.13
63
123
87
128
47
11
32
25
28
108
49
43
85
136
94
61
96
10
58
91
81
51
99
6
122
95
44
38
69
45
105
113
42
33
5
89
137
133
88
17
72
22
60
16
31
70
93
125
101
100
134
3
62
7
92
84
135
20
19
118
83
13
112
21
46
78
64
65
52
4.46
3.74
4.22
3.56
4.61
5.13
4.75
4.82
4.78
3.98
4.60
4.64
4.23
3.26
4.17
4.47
4.14
5.25
4.51
4.19
4.25
4.59
4.10
5.42
3.75
4.16
4.63
4.70
4.40
4.62
4.00
3.90
4.64
4.75
5.47
4.20
3.24
3.43
4.21
4.91
4.38
4.85
4.47
4.94
4.75
4.40
4.17
3.71
4.06
4.08
3.41
5.82
4.46
5.39
4.18
4.23
3.37
4.87
4.88
3.81
4.23
5.08
3.92
4.86
4.62
4.27
4.45
4.42
4.58
100
135
134
126
110
3
23
71
20
66
38
34
95
118
113
47
50
55
91
128
139
92
123
12
104
137
41
57
79
85
112
88
15
48
18
99
115
82
78
45
121
4
16
76
108
36
60
93
44
102
67
1
68
122
17
62
120
98
14
101
46
39
54
117
27
83
63
111
86
3.74
2.82
2.88
3.15
3.60
5.45
4.74
4.12
4.90
4.18
4.61
4.64
3.84
3.36
3.47
4.49
4.44
4.29
3.95
3.11
2.34
3.93
3.25
5.16
3.67
2.75
4.59
4.28
4.01
3.98
3.50
3.96
5.01
4.49
4.94
3.76
3.42
4.00
4.02
4.50
3.27
5.38
4.96
4.02
3.62
4.62
4.24
3.88
4.55
3.70
4.16
5.85
4.16
3.25
4.95
4.23
3.29
3.79
5.07
3.70
4.49
4.61
4.31
3.39
4.69
3.99
4.22
3.54
3.98
72
106
130
73
108
23
18
70
27
126
22
13
122
127
85
99
54
49
48
124
137
115
118
16
79
138
45
78
63
57
102
39
38
32
6
66
107
87
81
24
133
15
12
97
98
10
117
46
67
103
94
5
37
4
86
91
96
21
26
43
60
28
62
82
101
19
77
119
51
3.53
2.98
2.59
3.52
2.96
4.97
5.09
3.55
4.88
2.65
4.98
5.22
2.71
2.65
3.36
3.13
3.92
4.00
4.01
2.66
2.31
2.87
2.75
5.14
3.44
2.28
4.09
3.44
3.61
3.85
3.05
4.23
4.40
4.55
5.62
3.58
2.97
3.32
3.41
4.94
2.51
5.17
5.28
3.16
3.14
5.36
2.85
4.06
3.57
3.05
3.23
5.96
4.41
5.99
3.33
3.25
3.19
4.99
4.89
4.12
3.76
4.87
3.71
3.40
3.06
5.05
3.46
2.75
3.96
10. Market
size
Rank Score
103
50
64
24
116
18
33
76
98
47
133
27
124
86
93
102
10
118
63
119
137
96
91
14
139
120
46
2
32
82
94
70
104
42
52
71
61
26
87
101
79
56
7
138
107
5
83
39
75
131
90
28
49
122
4
15
20
54
53
9
99
3
84
55
74
11
59
115
95
2.84
4.26
3.76
4.85
2.50
5.12
4.59
3.46
2.94
4.32
1.91
4.77
2.32
3.22
3.10
2.86
5.60
2.48
3.79
2.47
1.29
3.01
3.11
5.46
1.08
2.46
4.34
6.71
4.60
3.32
3.07
3.62
2.82
4.47
4.25
3.61
3.81
4.80
3.19
2.89
3.44
4.15
5.76
1.29
2.80
6.01
3.25
4.52
3.48
1.96
3.13
4.74
4.27
2.37
6.10
5.21
5.09
4.20
4.24
5.63
2.94
6.11
3.25
4.16
3.49
5.56
3.88
2.53
3.04
(Contd.)
PILLARS
EFFICIENCY
ENHANCERS
Country/Economy
Lebanon
Lesotho
Libya
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Macedonia, FYR
Madagascar
Malawi
Malaysia
Mali
Malta
Mauritania
Mauritius
Mexico
Moldova
Mongolia
Montenegro
Morocco
Mozambique
Namibia
Nepal
Netherlands
New Zealand
Nicaragua
Nigeria
Norway
Oman
Pakistan
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Philippines
Poland
Portugal
Puerto Rico
Qatar
Romania
Russian Federation
Rwanda
Saudi Arabia
Senegal
Serbia
Singapore
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
South Africa
Spain
Sri Lanka
Swaziland
Sweden
Switzerland
Syria
Taiwan, China
Tajikistan
Tanzania
Thailand
Timor-Leste
Trinidad and Tobago
Tunisia
Turkey
Uganda
Ukraine
United Arab Emirates
United Kingdom
United States
Uruguay
Venezuela
Vietnam
Zambia
Zimbabwe
5. Higher education
and training
6. Goods market
efficiency
7. Labor market
efficiency
8. Financial market
development
9. Technological
readiness
Rank
Score
Rank
Score
Rank
Score
Rank
Score
Rank
Score
Rank
Score
70
132
127
49
20
83
124
110
24
135
47
138
66
61
99
109
64
88
128
91
131
8
18
122
84
12
48
95
62
119
56
78
30
43
40
26
54
53
98
27
108
93
1
37
46
42
32
69
126
5
4
117
16
123
114
39
136
77
50
55
102
72
21
7
3
74
113
57
101
134
4.00
3.12
3.19
4.28
4.92
3.84
3.21
3.45
4.72
2.99
4.31
2.79
4.05
4.09
3.59
3.47
4.08
3.78
3.16
3.76
3.14
5.24
4.97
3.29
3.83
5.13
4.30
3.66
4.08
3.37
4.18
3.93
4.62
4.36
4.39
4.68
4.18
4.19
3.62
4.67
3.49
3.75
5.49
4.43
4.33
4.37
4.56
4.01
3.20
5.32
5.41
3.38
5.05
3.25
3.42
4.41
2.87
3.95
4.28
4.18
3.56
3.98
4.82
5.28
5.46
3.98
3.43
4.16
3.56
3.01
48
124
95
25
41
72
128
120
49
132
37
137
70
79
78
89
52
102
134
111
131
10
13
113
118
12
63
123
82
119
76
73
26
39
38
32
54
50
121
51
110
74
5
53
21
75
31
62
125
2
4
107
11
105
133
59
130
61
30
71
127
46
36
18
9
40
68
93
114
115
4.57
2.85
3.63
5.07
4.68
4.04
2.76
2.92
4.55
2.56
4.79
2.15
4.09
3.94
3.95
3.76
4.51
3.51
2.47
3.21
2.62
5.63
5.55
3.17
2.99
5.59
4.22
2.91
3.87
2.98
4.00
4.02
5.00
4.76
4.77
4.84
4.47
4.55
2.92
4.55
3.23
4.01
5.77
4.49
5.27
4.01
4.85
4.24
2.81
5.90
5.79
3.31
5.63
3.41
2.54
4.25
2.66
4.24
4.89
4.04
2.76
4.61
4.80
5.34
5.64
4.68
4.10
3.64
3.17
3.07
42
84
134
73
3
57
107
85
27
124
36
131
31
96
104
99
44
77
112
56
122
8
7
116
87
23
25
91
50
101
69
97
45
52
34
12
76
123
70
10
79
125
1
51
39
40
62
47
106
5
4
115
15
128
108
41
105
89
33
59
117
129
6
22
26
74
139
60
65
130
4.44
3.99
3.20
4.12
5.49
4.24
3.80
3.98
4.81
3.57
4.58
3.45
4.70
3.86
3.83
3.84
4.39
4.08
3.75
4.25
3.58
5.17
5.20
3.68
3.97
4.95
4.83
3.94
4.35
3.84
4.15
3.86
4.38
4.32
4.59
5.10
4.08
3.58
4.14
5.11
4.06
3.57
5.65
4.34
4.52
4.48
4.20
4.36
3.80
5.30
5.31
3.69
5.09
3.54
3.80
4.46
3.82
3.94
4.68
4.21
3.67
3.53
5.22
4.96
4.81
4.09
2.83
4.21
4.18
3.52
103
86
139
48
37
71
67
50
35
121
98
114
59
120
68
29
39
130
116
55
126
23
12
110
74
15
36
131
106
124
56
111
53
117
41
14
76
57
9
66
109
102
1
40
80
97
115
104
90
18
2
132
34
73
77
24
75
82
79
127
27
54
26
8
4
119
138
30
107
129
4.01
4.22
2.81
4.61
4.71
4.38
4.41
4.59
4.74
3.78
4.10
3.89
4.49
3.80
4.41
4.78
4.69
3.47
3.87
4.53
3.58
4.83
5.10
3.95
4.35
4.97
4.73
3.45
4.00
3.74
4.52
3.93
4.58
3.85
4.64
5.03
4.32
4.51
5.29
4.42
3.97
4.06
5.92
4.66
4.26
4.13
3.88
4.01
4.19
4.89
5.92
3.43
4.74
4.38
4.28
4.82
4.32
4.25
4.26
3.57
4.80
4.54
4.81
5.29
5.63
3.80
2.91
4.76
3.98
3.51
53
114
130
89
6
87
131
64
7
133
11
138
29
96
103
129
28
74
116
24
106
26
10
109
84
5
30
73
21
97
42
75
32
59
40
19
81
125
69
22
107
94
2
37
77
9
56
52
80
13
8
124
35
127
90
51
136
43
58
61
72
119
33
25
31
70
132
65
49
105
4.33
3.46
2.99
3.95
5.35
3.97
2.94
4.21
5.34
2.92
5.22
2.66
4.68
3.82
3.68
3.07
4.68
4.07
3.39
4.73
3.64
4.71
5.23
3.60
3.99
5.35
4.67
4.09
4.88
3.80
4.59
4.04
4.66
4.26
4.60
4.91
4.01
3.18
4.15
4.83
3.62
3.84
5.76
4.61
4.02
5.30
4.28
4.36
4.01
5.15
5.34
3.19
4.63
3.14
3.95
4.43
2.78
4.57
4.27
4.23
4.11
3.31
4.66
4.73
4.67
4.13
2.93
4.21
4.49
3.64
92
129
114
33
2
64
123
121
40
128
29
132
61
71
89
105
44
75
113
88
134
3
25
125
104
9
59
109
41
116
74
95
47
31
52
36
58
69
100
42
93
80
11
34
35
76
30
84
136
1
7
111
20
120
131
68
139
53
55
56
112
83
14
8
17
50
90
65
110
135
3.24
2.59
2.87
4.51
6.11
3.60
2.70
2.71
4.19
2.64
4.85
2.55
3.73
3.55
3.28
3.03
4.09
3.49
2.89
3.31
2.50
5.99
4.93
2.66
3.04
5.56
3.79
2.94
4.17
2.86
3.51
3.20
4.02
4.63
3.94
4.44
3.82
3.56
3.09
4.17
3.24
3.41
5.35
4.48
4.45
3.48
4.64
3.37
2.46
6.12
5.60
2.92
5.04
2.74
2.59
3.56
2.23
3.92
3.86
3.85
2.92
3.37
5.19
5.58
5.10
4.00
3.27
3.58
2.92
2.48
10. Market
size
Rank Score
80
135
69
77
89
106
110
127
29
117
125
130
112
12
121
123
129
57
113
114
100
19
60
109
30
44
73
31
85
97
48
37
21
45
62
66
43
8
128
22
105
72
41
58
78
25
13
68
132
34
36
65
17
126
81
23
136
108
67
16
92
38
51
6
1
88
40
35
111
134
3.41
1.61
3.64
3.45
3.16
2.80
2.68
2.26
4.70
2.50
2.31
2.04
2.63
5.54
2.40
2.33
2.10
4.04
2.62
2.54
2.93
5.10
3.82
2.68
4.65
4.34
3.57
4.63
3.22
3.00
4.31
4.54
5.08
4.34
3.80
3.75
4.41
5.74
2.11
4.97
2.80
3.60
4.51
3.97
3.45
4.82
5.47
3.70
1.91
4.58
4.54
3.75
5.15
2.30
3.37
4.95
1.39
2.78
3.72
5.17
3.11
4.53
4.26
5.80
6.93
3.18
4.51
4.56
2.64
1.84
21
22
Albania
Algeria
Angola
Argentina
Armenia
Australia
Austria
Azerbaijan
Bahrain
Bangladesh
Barbados
Belgium
Benin
Bolivia
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Botswana
Brazil
Brunei Darussalam
Bulgaria
Burkina Faso
Burundi
Cambodia
Cameroon
Canada
Cape Verde
Chad
Chile
China
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cte dIvoire
Croatia
Cyprus
Czech Republic
Denmark
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
Egypt
El Salvador
Estonia
Ethiopia
Finland
France
Gambia, The
Georgia
Germany
Ghana
Greece
Guatemala
Guyana
Honduras
Hong Kong SAR
Hungary
Iceland
India
Indonesia
Iran, Islamic Rep.
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Jamaica
Japan
Jordan
Kazakhstan
Kenya
Korea, Rep.
Kuwait
Kyrgyz Republic
Latvia
PILLARS
11. Business
sophistication
Rank
Score
Rank
Score
104
108
139
71
114
22
13
66
55
109
52
15
81
125
120
93
38
72
95
127
138
106
105
14
128
130
44
31
61
33
110
85
36
30
9
99
124
68
96
45
117
6
16
64
121
5
100
73
62
103
98
24
51
20
42
37
82
21
11
32
86
1
65
102
58
18
60
137
77
3.09
3.04
2.50
3.42
2.98
4.54
4.97
3.50
3.67
3.01
3.69
4.91
3.35
2.88
2.93
3.24
4.03
3.42
3.22
2.87
2.56
3.06
3.08
4.95
2.84
2.79
3.91
4.13
3.56
4.11
3.01
3.32
4.07
4.19
5.15
3.17
2.89
3.48
3.20
3.90
2.96
5.43
4.83
3.53
2.90
5.51
3.17
3.41
3.54
3.13
3.20
4.46
3.71
4.61
3.96
4.06
3.34
4.55
5.05
4.11
3.31
5.72
3.50
3.14
3.63
4.81
3.57
2.58
3.37
87
108
139
75
109
29
6
72
55
105
59
11
99
117
115
104
31
77
95
137
138
106
116
16
131
133
43
41
61
32
112
92
33
34
7
82
107
63
68
56
123
10
12
65
111
3
97
74
54
86
85
17
69
28
44
37
91
20
26
23
81
1
66
102
62
24
58
130
80
3.61
3.33
2.64
3.80
3.33
4.67
5.46
3.84
4.14
3.42
4.07
5.24
3.49
3.26
3.27
3.44
4.51
3.75
3.52
2.80
2.78
3.38
3.27
5.03
3.05
2.94
4.33
4.34
4.00
4.50
3.29
3.56
4.47
4.47
5.41
3.72
3.34
3.98
3.90
4.13
3.17
5.29
5.18
3.93
3.29
5.82
3.50
3.83
4.15
3.61
3.64
5.01
3.87
4.69
4.30
4.40
3.56
4.85
4.79
4.81
3.72
5.92
3.91
3.47
3.99
4.81
4.12
3.05
3.73
INNOVATION AND
SOPHISTICATION
FACTORS
12.
Innovation
Rank Score
121
107
133
73
116
21
20
61
59
119
53
15
60
127
120
74
42
69
92
90
134
108
95
11
117
115
43
26
65
35
109
70
38
27
10
118
130
83
126
37
105
3
19
62
125
8
99
79
89
114
106
29
41
17
39
36
66
22
6
50
93
4
68
101
56
12
76
139
77
2.57
2.75
2.36
3.05
2.63
4.41
4.48
3.16
3.21
2.61
3.32
4.59
3.20
2.50
2.59
3.04
3.55
3.08
2.91
2.93
2.35
2.75
2.90
4.87
2.63
2.64
3.50
3.92
3.11
3.72
2.74
3.08
3.66
3.92
4.89
2.62
2.43
2.97
2.50
3.68
2.76
5.56
4.48
3.14
2.51
5.19
2.84
3.00
2.93
2.65
2.76
3.91
3.55
4.53
3.62
3.71
3.11
4.25
5.30
3.40
2.90
5.52
3.10
2.81
3.27
4.81
3.03
2.12
3.02
(Contd.)
Country/Economy
Lebanon
Lesotho
Libya
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Macedonia, FYR
Madagascar
Malawi
Malaysia
Mali
Malta
Mauritania
Mauritius
Mexico
Moldova
Mongolia
Montenegro
Morocco
Mozambique
Namibia
Nepal
Netherlands
New Zealand
Nicaragua
Nigeria
Norway
Oman
Pakistan
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Philippines
Poland
Portugal
Puerto Rico
Qatar
Romania
Russian Federation
Rwanda
Saudi Arabia
Senegal
Serbia
Singapore
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
South Africa
Spain
Sri Lanka
Swaziland
Sweden
Switzerland
Syria
Taiwan, China
Tajikistan
Tanzania
Thailand
Timor-Leste
Trinidad and Tobago
Tunisia
Turkey
Uganda
Ukraine
United Arab Emirates
United Kingdom
United States
Uruguay
Venezuela
Vietnam
Zambia
Zimbabwe
PILLARS
11. Business
sophistication
Rank
Score
Rank
Score
74
116
135
48
19
97
113
84
25
112
46
134
59
69
123
119
56
79
101
92
133
8
28
126
83
17
47
76
54
132
89
75
50
39
29
23
91
80
87
26
67
107
10
63
35
43
41
40
131
3
2
115
7
118
94
49
136
78
34
57
111
88
27
12
4
70
129
53
90
122
3.41
2.96
2.62
3.79
4.76
3.20
2.98
3.32
4.45
3.00
3.88
2.63
3.61
3.46
2.89
2.95
3.67
3.36
3.14
3.24
2.67
5.16
4.30
2.88
3.33
4.83
3.87
3.38
3.68
2.71
3.29
3.38
3.76
3.98
4.24
4.48
3.24
3.36
3.30
4.41
3.48
3.04
5.07
3.54
4.08
3.93
3.96
3.97
2.77
5.67
5.71
2.97
5.23
2.96
3.22
3.78
2.60
3.36
4.09
3.63
3.00
3.30
4.37
4.98
5.53
3.46
2.79
3.69
3.28
2.89
53
114
136
49
18
96
124
89
25
128
40
134
47
67
113
127
70
78
110
88
132
5
30
118
76
14
45
79
46
122
71
60
50
51
27
21
93
101
94
19
84
125
15
57
36
38
35
39
121
2
4
103
13
126
98
48
135
73
42
52
120
100
22
9
8
83
129
64
90
119
4.16
3.28
2.86
4.21
4.98
3.52
3.16
3.59
4.79
3.08
4.34
2.90
4.24
3.91
3.28
3.10
3.86
3.75
3.31
3.60
3.04
5.55
4.59
3.24
3.79
5.17
4.27
3.73
4.25
3.21
3.85
4.04
4.20
4.19
4.74
4.85
3.55
3.47
3.53
4.91
3.66
3.15
5.10
4.12
4.42
4.37
4.46
4.36
3.22
5.88
5.81
3.45
5.17
3.13
3.50
4.23
2.89
3.83
4.34
4.16
3.23
3.48
4.84
5.32
5.40
3.70
3.06
3.98
3.57
3.24
12.
Innovation
Rank Score
112
113
131
51
16
97
102
72
24
91
48
132
82
78
129
100
45
81
84
96
137
13
25
124
98
18
47
75
64
138
110
111
54
32
33
23
87
57
71
28
55
88
9
85
34
44
46
40
135
5
2
128
7
103
86
52
136
94
31
67
104
63
30
14
1
58
123
49
80
122
2.65
2.65
2.38
3.38
4.53
2.88
2.80
3.06
4.10
2.92
3.43
2.36
2.98
3.01
2.49
2.81
3.48
2.98
2.96
2.89
2.29
4.77
4.01
2.52
2.87
4.49
3.46
3.03
3.11
2.21
2.73
2.73
3.31
3.77
3.74
4.11
2.94
3.25
3.07
3.92
3.30
2.93
5.04
2.95
3.73
3.49
3.47
3.58
2.33
5.45
5.60
2.49
5.29
2.79
2.95
3.34
2.31
2.90
3.85
3.10
2.76
3.11
3.91
4.65
5.65
3.21
2.53
3.40
3.00
2.55
capita (279.1 per million inhabitants) that is 2nd worldwide, just behind the United States. The countrys overall competitive performance, however, continues to be
dragged down by its macroeconomic weaknesses, with
high budget deficits over several years (ranked 134th),
which have led to the buildup of one of the highest
public debt levels in the world (217.6 percent of GDP
in 2009, corresponding to a 137th rank, or second to
last on this indicator). Japans rise in the rankings can in
large part be traced to the fact that its main areas of
weakness, linked to macroeconomic instability and
weaknesses in the banking sector, for example, have now
become concerns for many other countries.
Finland and Denmark, while placed a bit further
behind Sweden this year, continue to be ranked among
the most competitive economies in the world, at 7th
and 9th positions, respectively. Their macroeconomic
environments are healthy, with government budgets
approximately in balance through 2009, narrow interest
rate spreads (especially in Finland), and excellent country credit ratings. Similar to Sweden, they have among
the best-functioning and most transparent institutions in
the world, as in past years. They also continue to occupy
top positions in the higher education and training pillar,
the positive result of a strong focus on education over
recent decades. This has provided the workforce with
the skills needed to adapt rapidly to a changing environment and has laid the ground for their high levels of
technological adoption and innovation. A marked difference among the Nordic countries relates to labor market flexibility. Denmark (ranked 5th in this pillar) continues to distinguish itself as having one of the most
efficient labor markets internationally, with more flexibility in setting wages, firing, and therefore hiring workers than in the other Nordics and in most European
countries more generally.
The Netherlands moves up two positions to 8th
place. Dutch businesses are highly sophisticated (ranked
5th) and are among the most aggressive internationally in
absorbing new technologies for productivity enhancements (ranked 3rd for their technological readiness). The
countrys excellent educational system (ranked 8th and
10th for the two related pillars) and efficient factor markets, especially goods markets (ranked 8th), are highly
supportive of business activity. The Netherlands is also
characterized by a comparatively stable macroeconomic
environment, improving on a relative basis compared
with last year. The countrys competitiveness would be
further enhanced by introducing more flexibility into
the labor market (ranked 80th on this subpillar).
Canada has dropped one place this year to 10th,
with a stable performance and rounding out the top 10.
Canada benefits from highly efficient markets (with
goods, labor, and financial markets ranked 11th, 6th, and
12th, respectively), well-functioning and transparent
institutions (11th), and excellent infrastructure (9th). In
addition, the country has been successful in nurturing its
23
24
Sweden
Germany
Finland
Netherlands
Denmark
United Kingdom
France
Austria
Belgium
Luxembourg
Ireland
Estonia
Czech Republic
Poland
Cyprus
Spain
Slovenia
Portugal
Lithuania
Italy
Malta
Hungary
Slovak Republic
Romania
Latvia
Bulgaria
Greece
Rank
Score
2
5
7
8
9
12
15
18
19
20
29
33
36
39
40
42
45
46
47
48
50
52
60
67
70
71
83
5.56
5.39
5.37
5.33
5.32
5.25
5.13
5.09
5.07
5.05
4.74
4.61
4.57
4.51
4.50
4.49
4.42
4.38
4.38
4.37
4.34
4.33
4.25
4.16
4.14
4.13
3.99
25
Institutions
7
Innovation
Infrastructure
Business
sophistication
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
26
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Spain
Innovation
Italy
Poland
Institutions
7
6
Czech Republic
Infrastructure
Business
sophistication
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
France
Germany
United Kingdom
Sweden
27
28
Korea has not improved its institutional framework, losing further ground at 62nd. Within this pillar, the lack of
trust of politicians (105th) and the perceived inefficiency
of the government (91st), complaints about excessive
regulation (108th), and low transparency of policymaking (111th) are particularly worrisome.
Despite losing three positions and a small worsening in its score, New Zealand (23rd) posts a performance largely in line with last year. The country possesses
some of the best-functioning institutions in the world,
ranking 3rd, behind only Singapore and Hong Kong in
this pillar. Specifically, it ranks 4th for the quality of
public institutions while it retains its leadership in the
private institutions component. Overall, the environment is extremely conducive to business, supported by
efficient goods (7th) and labor markets (12th) and by
one of the soundest banking systems in the world (2nd).
Notwithstanding the relatively small size of its domestic
and export markets (60th), the area with the most room
for improvement remains infrastructure (37th), in particular roads and railroads (45th in both dimensions).
Up two positions to 27th place, China has reinforced its position within the top 30. It is the only
BRIC country to improve in the rankings this year,
thus increasing the gap with the other three.24 Chinas
performance remains stable in most areas measured with
the Index compared with last year, with its main strengths
its large and growing market size, macroeconomic stability, and relatively sophisticated and innovative businesses.
The two-rank improvement is almost entirely attributable to a better assessment of its financial market (up 24
places to 57th), which has historically been a notable
weak point. This is the result of easier access to credit
and financing through equity markets, banks, and venture capital, which has been accompanied by a slight
improvement in the perceived soundness of the banking
sector (60th, up six places). Technological readiness is
another area where China has traditionally underperformed (78th), with low ICT penetration, although rates
are surging. In 2009 alone, China added over 100 million
mobile telephone subscriptions and some 86 million
new Internet users. Mobile penetration has reached
more than 50 percent, and about a quarter of the population uses the Internet on a regular basis. Other areas
for improvement are related to its human resources base.
China has made small strides in the quality of higher
education and training (60th), but there remains considerable room for improvement in what constitutes an
important area going forward. In addition, although the
labor market is indeed quite efficient, a lack of flexibility
(96th) constitutes a major challenge.
Brunei Darussalam continues to move up the
rankings to 28th this year, with improvements across
many areas measured by the GCI. The economy is
categorized as one in transition from stage 1 to stage 2
because of its economys dependency on oil and gas
(accounting for some 83 percent of exports). Brunei
29
30
31
32
Table 1: Infrastructure: Latin America and the Caribbean and selected comparators
Infrastructure 20102011
Country/Economy
A. Transport
infrastructure 20102011
33
B. Electricity and telephony
infrastructure 20102011
Rank
Score
Rank
Score
Rank
Score
1
18
23
40
44
45
49
50
53
59
n/a
62
65
66
n/a
75
77
78
79
85
86
88
96
100
103
107
108
111
125
6.77
5.59
5.37
4.69
4.53
4.53
4.44
4.44
4.29
4.13
4.10
4.02
3.91
3.9
3.75
3.74
3.63
3.62
3.59
3.51
3.49
3.47
3.18
3.04
2.92
2.83
2.82
2.73
2.46
1
12
29
37
46
58
30
31
75
66
n/a
67
51
76
n/a
57
89
111
101
82
39
94
99
122
100
79
123
102
138
6.69
5.73
4.82
4.56
4.15
3.94
4.76
4.73
3.54
3.78
4.27
3.76
4.05
3.48
3.48
3.96
3.17
2.78
2.94
3.30
4.50
3.08
2.96
2.59
2.95
3.38
2.58
2.90
2.10
1
30
15
48
44
38
70
69
42
56
n/a
65
86
64
n/a
92
73
59
68
88
115
84
95
94
102
121
98
112
104
6.85
5.44
5.93
4.83
4.92
5.12
4.12
4.14
5.03
4.49
3.93
4.28
3.76
4.31
4.01
3.51
4.08
4.45
4.24
3.73
2.49
3.86
3.39
3.49
2.90
2.28
3.06
2.55
2.82
(Contd.)
Box 4: The infrastructure challenge in Latin America: The case of Brazil (contd.)
role in the global economy and for which poor infrastructure
quality results in higher logistics costs and inefficient patterns
of interregional and international trade.5 Table 2 provides an
overview of Brazils infrastructure as assessed within the GCI
infrastructure pillar. Although the country has improved eight
places since 2008 for the overall quality of its infrastructure, it
still ranks a middling 62nd in this pillar, with a similar showing
for its transport (67th) and electricity and telephony infrastructure (65th). The most problematic areas, as highlighted by the
GCI, are the quality of port infrastructure (123rd), roads (105th),
air transport infrastructure (93rd), and, to a lesser extent, railroad infrastructure (87th) and mobile telephony (76th). This
assessment reflects the appalling state of transport infrastructure in the country, its underdeveloped railroads, the unexploited potential of its 48,000 kilometers of navigable waterways, its
congested ports and airports, and its costly and underdeveloped telephone infrastructure.6
Table 2: An assessment of infrastructure quality in Brazil
Rank
Score
62
4.02
A. Transport infrastructure
67
3.76
84
3.79
105
2.93
34
87
1.94
123
2.94
93
3.98
3,001.79
65
4.28
63
5.06
62
21.42
76
89.79
Experiences over the past decade or so, such as the energy blackout of 2001, have raised awareness among both the
public and the government of the importance of quality infrastructure for competitiveness, trade, and balanced development
across Brazilian states. It was estimated that investment in
infrastructure needed to reach 5 percent of GDP to keep it from
becoming a bottleneck for the countrys capacity to achieve
sustained growth rates going into the future.
Upgrading infrastructure has been a key element of the
Lula administrations ambitious Growth Acceleration Program
(PAC), launched in 2007, earmarking a total of R$504 billion in
investment for the 200710 period, distributed as follows: R$171
billion for social infrastructure, R$275 billion for energy-related
projects, and R$58 billion for logistics.7 PAC was conceived as
an integrated approach to infrastructure improvement, aimed at
increasing the coverage and quality of infrastructure networks
together with better access to water, sanitation, housing, electricity, transport, and energy. Yet, three years after the launch of
PAC, fewer than half of its targets have been met, with much of
the financing going to housing (notably to first-time home owners) rather than to the improvement of physical infrastructure.8
Notes
1 The drop contrasts sharply with the amount of public resources
invested in health and education (8 percent of GDP) that resulted
from an increased focus on poverty reduction.
2 See Fay and Morrison 2005.
3 According to Fay and Morrison (2005), the region should increase
investment in infrastructure to 46 percent of GDP over 20 years
in order to attain Koreas infrastructure coverage and not to lose
further ground with respect to China.
4 Caldern and Servn 2004.
5 Resende 2009.
6 See Resende 2009 for a detailed analysis of Brazils state of infrastructure and main flaws.
7 PAC also comprised a number of measures/policies to limit regulatory risks and develop risk mitigation mechanisms as well as to
improve the framework for PPP. On March 29, 2010, the Brazilian
government announced a PAC 2, with a total budget of R$1.59 trillion to be invested in the 201114 period with emphasis on high
social sensitivity areas, including housing and health, public transit,
energy, transportation, logistics, and roads (see Olson 2010).
8 See HSBC 2010.
9 See Mia et al. 2007 for more information on the IPIAIs methodology and Brazils performance.
(Contd.)
Macro environment
7
6
Government readiness
for private investments
Legal
framework
5
4
3
Box 4: The infrastructure challenge in Latin America: The case of Brazil (contd.)
Government
and society
Political risk
Private investment
track records
Access to
information
Financial markets enablers
Brazil
Chile
35
36
37
38
Sub-Saharan Africa
Africa has experienced impressive growth over the past
decade, and has weathered the recent global economic
turmoil relatively well. Indeed, coming out of the crisis,
the IMF predicts GDP growth of 4.7 percent in 2010
and well above 5 percent for the next few years for
sub-Saharan Africa.31 Yet an assessment of the competitiveness of African economies raises questions about
how sustainable this growth will be over the longer
term and highlights areas in need of urgent attention
to allow Africa to achieve its full economic potential.
However, despite such concerns, some African countries
continue to fare quite well. South Africa and Mauritius
remain in the top half of the rankings, and there have
been measurable improvements across specific areas in a
number of other African countries. On the other hand,
there have been some significant declines registered in
countries that were previously making strides ahead. More
generally, sub-Saharan Africa as a whole lags behind the
rest of the world in competitiveness, requiring efforts
across many areas to place the region on a firmly sustainable growth and development path going forward.
South Africa, at 54th overall, remains the highestranked country in sub-Saharan Africa. While it has
dropped somewhat in rank since last year, its performance has in fact remained stable and the decline reflects
improvements in other countries. South Africa still benefits from the large size of its economy, particularly by
regional standards (it is ranked 25th in the market size
pillar). It also does well on measures of the quality of
institutions and factor allocation, such as intellectual
property protection (27th), property rights (29th), the
accountability of private institutions (3rd), and goods
market efficiency (40th). Particularly impressive is the
countrys financial market development (ranked 9th),
indicating high confidence in South Africas financial
markets at a time when trust has been eroded in many
other parts of the world. South Africa also does reasonably well in more complex areas such as business sophistication (38th) and innovation (44th), benefiting from
good scientific research institutions (ranked 29th) and
strong collaboration between universities and the business sector in innovation (ranked 24th).
While a number of attributes therefore make South
Africa the most competitive economy in the region, in
order to further enhance its competitiveness it will need
to address some weaknesses. The country ranks 97th in
labor market efficiency, with inflexible hiring and firing
practices (135th), a lack of flexibility in wage determination by companies (131st), and poor labor-employer
the government is aiming at increasing womens participation in the economy and has achieved some preliminary positive results in this respect. As in previous years,
Egypt continues to struggle with serious challenges related to macroeconomic stability, but, unlike in other
countries, these were not exacerbated in a major way
during the crisis. Government debt has been reduced to
about 80 percent of GDP, following the downward
trend of previous years, and the budget deficit remained
stable, at 6.6 percent of GDP in 2009 (6.8 percent in
2008), although inflation has been rising from an already
high level (16.2 percent, which corresponds to the
135th rank, compared with 11.7 percent in the GCI
20092010). Furthermore, the solvency of Egypts banking system, despite some improvements, continues to
raise concerns, as reflected in its 99th position overall.
Included for the first time in the GCR, Lebanon
occupies the 92nd position in the rankings. Following
its low growth performance toward the middle of the
decade, growth rates rebounded to 9 percent in 2008
and remained unaffected by the economic crisis in
2009. Competitiveness-enhancing reforms could help
sustain its growth momentum. The GCI results point
to a number of strengths upon which Lebanon could
build. The country can depend on a healthy and welleducated population with advantages in the quality
of education, which stands out positively in regional
comparison. Lebanon ranks an excellent 16th for the
quality of education, with a particular strength in math
and science education, where it achieves 7th place, and
in the quality of primary education (12th). At the same
time, this excellent educational system should be put at
the disposal of an even larger share of the population,
as enrollment rates in primary and secondary education
remain low (105th and 86th, respectively). Furthermore,
the lack of meritocracy in the labor market limits
employment opportunities for young talent and is one
of the factors that fuel a brain drain from the country.
Other strengths include efficient goods markets, reflecting a high intensity of local competition, and a welldeveloped financial sector, which provides easy access to
loans (36th) and other financial services (39th) and is
buttressed by a solvent banking sector (4th). Challenges
to be addressed include dismal infrastructure for transport, electricity, and telephony (128th), as well as a fragile macroeconomic environment characterized by poorly managed public finances. Yet the biggest challenges
are associated with reforming the institutional environment related to both public institutions and corporate
governance. Presently, the country is affected by lack of
transparency (129th), high undue influence (130th), and
low efficiency of government operations (122nd).
Lebanons inclusion into the GCR will provide a first
step toward creating reform momentum in the country
for the benefit of the population.
The regional ranking closes with Syria (97th)
and Libya (100th). Although both countries have stable
39
40
41
42
Zimbabwe continues to be among the lowestranked countries included in the GCI, ranked fourth
to last at 136th overall, although there have been some
improvements in individual areas. The assessment of
public institutions, while still weak, has improved measurably, increasing from 125th last year to 113th this year.
Specific areas of improvement are ethics and corruption
(up from 122nd to 103rd), government inefficiency (up
from 124th to 105th), and the security situation (up
from 85th to 66th). On the other hand, some major
concerns linger with regard to the protection of property rights (ranked 136th) and undue influence (126th),
where Zimbabwe continues to be among the lowestranked countries. And despite efforts to improve its
macroeconomic environmentincluding the dollarization of its economy in early 2009, which brought down
inflation and interest ratesthe situation continues to
be bad enough to place Zimbabwe last out of all countries in this pillar (139th). Weaknesses in other areas
include health (ranked 135th in the health subpillar),
low educational enrollment rates, and official markets
that continue to function with difficulty (particularly
with regard to goods and labor markets, ranked 130th
and 129th, respectively).
Conclusions
This chapter has discussed the results of the Global
Competitiveness Index, covering 139 economies from
all of the worlds regions. The GCI aims at capturing
the complexity of the phenomenon of national competitiveness, which can be improved only through an array
of reforms in different areas that affect the longer-term
productivity of a country. These areas range from good
governance and macroeconomic stability to the efficiency
of factor markets, technological adoption, and innovation potential, among others. In the present context, it is
important to bear in mind that economic crises are
short term in nature and related to the business cycle,
while competitiveness is very much about a countrys
development potential over the medium to long term.
However, countries that have competitive strengths in a
variety of areas can be expected to exit the crisis faster
and to rebound much more strongly, as their development is based on strong productivity fundamentals.
Since its introduction in 2005, the GCI has been
used by an increasing number of countries and institutions to benchmark national competitiveness. The clear
and intuitive structure of the GCI framework is useful
for prioritizing policy reforms because it allows each
country to determine the strengths and weaknesses of
its national competitiveness environment and to identify
those factors most constraining its economic development. More specifically, the GCI provides a platform for
dialogue among government, business, and civil society
that can serve as a catalyst for productivity-improving
Notes
1 The G-20 economies include Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada,
China, the European Union, France, Germany, India, Indonesia,
Italy, Japan, Mexico, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, Korea,
Rep., Turkey, the United Kingdom, and the United States.
2 The first version of the Global Competitiveness Index was
published in 2004. See Sala-i-Martin and Artadi 2004.
3 Schumpeter 1942; Solow 1956; and Swan 1956.
4 See, for example, Sala-i-Martin et al. 2004 for an extensive list of
potential robust determinants of economic growth.
5 See Easterly and Levine 1997; Acemoglu et al. 2001, 2002; Rodrik
et al. 2002; and Sala-i-Martin and Subramanian 2003.
6 See de Soto 2000.
7 See de Soto and Abbot 1990.
8 See Shleifer and Vishny 1997; Zingales 1998.
9 See Kaufmann and Vishwanath 2001.
10 See Aschauer 1989; Canning et al. 1994; Gramlich 1994; and
Easterly 2002.
11 See Fischer 1993.
12 See Sachs 2001.
13 See Schultz 1961; Lucas 1988; Becker 1993; and Kremer 1993.
14 See Almeida and Carneiro 2009; Amin 2009; and Kaplan 2009
for country studies demonstrating the importance of flexible labor
markets for higher employment rates and, therefore, economic
performance.
15 See Aghion and Howitt 1992 and Barro and Sala-i-Martin 2003
for a technical exposition of technology-based growth theories.
16 A general purpose technology (GPT), according to Trajtenberg
(2005), is one which in any given period gives a particular contribution to overall economys growth thanks to its ability to transform the methods of production in a wide array of industries.
Examples of GPTs have been the invention of the steam engine
and the electric dynamo.
17 See Sachs and Warner 1995; Frenkel and Romer 1999; Rodrik
and Rodriguez 1999; Alesina et al. 2005; and Feyrer 2009.
18 This is particularly important in a world in which economic borders
are not as clearly delineated as political ones. In other words,
when Belgium sells goods to the Netherlands, the national
accounts register the transaction as an export (so the Netherlands
is a foreign market of Belgium), but when California sells the
same kind of output to Nevada, the national accounts register
the transaction as domestic (so Nevada is a domestic market of
California).
19 See Romer 1990; Grossman and Helpman 1991; and Aghion and
Howitt 1992.
20 Probably the most famous theory of stages of development was
developed by the American historian W. W. Rostow in the 1960s
(see Rostow 1960). Here we adapt Michael Porters theory of
stages (see Porter 1990). Please see Chapter 1.1 of The Global
Competitiveness Report 20072008 for a complete description
of how we have adapted Michael Porters theory for the present
application.
21 Some restrictions were imposed on the coefficients estimated.
For example, the three coefficients for each stage had to add up
to one, and all the weights had to be non-negative.
References
Acemoglu, D., S. Johnson, and J. Robinson. 2001. The Colonial
Origins of Comparative Development: An Empirical Investigation.
American Economic Review 91: 1369401.
. 2002. Reversal of Fortune: Geography and Institutions in the
Making of the Modern World Distribution of Income. Quarterly
Journal of Economics 117 (4): 123194.
43
Mia, I., E. Lozoya Austin, C. Arruda, and M. Silva Arajo. 2009. The
Brazil Competitiveness Report 2009. Geneva: World Economic
Forum.
OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development),
Development Centre. 2009. Latin American Economic Outlook
2010. Paris: OECD.
OECD Observer. 2010. Interview Chiles Economy. Available at
http://www.oecdobserver.org/news/fullstory.php/aid/3246/
Interview_Chile_92s_economy.html.
Olson, M. 2010. Brazil Announces PAC 2. April. The Rio Times.
Available at http://riotimesonline.com/news/rio-politics/
brazil-announces-pac-2/.
Padgett, T. 2010. Costa Ricas Generational and Gender Changes.
Time, February 10. Available at http://www.time.com/time/world/
article/0,8599,1963355,00.html.
Porter, M. 1990. The Competitive Advantage of Nations. New York:
The Free Press.
44
BASIC REQUIREMENTS
3. Undue influence.......................................................................20%
1.06 Judicial independence
1.07 Favoritism in decisions of government officials
4. Government inefficiency ........................................................20%
1.08 Wastefulness of government spending
1.09 Burden of government regulation
1.10 Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes
1.11 Efficiency of legal framework in challenging
regulations
1.12 Transparency of government policymaking
5. Security .....................................................................................20%
1.13 Business costs of terrorism
1.14 Business costs of crime and violence
1.15 Organized crime
1.16 Reliability of police services
B. Private institutions ..................................................25%
1. Corporate ethics ......................................................................50%
1.17 Ethical behavior of firms
2. Accountability ..........................................................................50%
1.18 Strength of auditing and reporting standards
1.19 Efficacy of corporate boards
1.20 Protection of minority shareholders interests
1.21 Strength of investor protection*
45
Appendix A: Computation and structure of the Global Competitiveness Index 20102011 (contd.)
4th pillar: Health and primary education ..............25%
A. Health........................................................................50%
4.01 Business impact of malaria f
4.02 Malaria incidence* f
4.03 Business impact of tuberculosis f
4.04 Tuberculosis incidence* f
4.05 Business impact of HIV/AIDS f
4.06 HIV prevalence* f
4.07 Infant mortality*
4.08 Life expectancy*
B. Primary education ...................................................50%
4.09 Quality of primary education
4.10 Primary education enrollment rate* g
EFFICIENCY ENHANCERS
46
7.03
7.04
7.05
6.04
B. Efficient
7.06
7.07
7.08
7.09
Rigidity of employment*
Hiring and firing practices
Redundancy costs*
Extent and effect of taxation 1/2
use of talent ..............................................50%
Pay and productivity
Reliance on professional management 1/2
Brain drain
Female participation in labor force*
A. Flexibility ..................................................................50%
7.01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations
7.02 Flexibility of wage determination
(Contd.)
f The impact of malaria, tuberculosis, and HIV/AIDS on competitiveness depends not only on their respective incidence rates but
also on how costly they are for business. Therefore, in order to
estimate the impact of each of the three diseases, we combine
its incidence rate with the Survey question on its perceived cost
to businesses. To combine these data we first take the ratio of
each countrys disease incidence rate relative to the highest incidence rate in the whole sample. The inverse of this ratio is then
multiplied by each countrys score on the related Survey question.
This product is then normalized to a 1-to-7 scale. Note that countries with zero reported incidence receive a 7, regardless their
scores on the related Survey question.
g For this variable we first apply a log-transformation and then a
min-max transformation.
Notes
a Formally, for a category i composed of K indicators, we have:
K
S indicatork
categoryi
k=1
Weights
Basic requirements
60
40
20
Efficiency enhancers
35
50
50
10
30
c Formally, we have:
6 x
+ 1
6 x
h The competition subpillar is the weighted average of two components: domestic competition and foreign competition. In both
components, the included variables provide an indication of the
extent to which competition is distorted. The relative importance
of these distortions depends on the relative size of domestic versus foreign competition. This interaction between the domestic
market and the foreign market is captured by the way we determine the weights of the two components. Domestic competition
is the sum of consumption (C), investment (I), government spending (G), and exports (X), while foreign competition is equal to
imports (M). Thus we assign a weight of (C + I + G + X)/
(C + I + G + X + M) to domestic competition and a weight of
M/(C + I + G + X + M) to foreign competition.
i Variables 6.06 and 6.07 combine to form one single variable.
j The size of the domestic market is constructed by taking the
natural log of the sum of the gross domestic product valued
at purchasing power parity (PPP) plus the total value (PPP estimates) of imports of goods and services, minus the total value
(PPP estimates) of exports of goods and services. Data are
then normalized on a 1-to-7 scale. PPP estimates of imports
and exports are obtained by taking the product of exports as a
percentage of GDP and GDP valued at PPP. The underlying data
are reported in the data tables section (see Tables 10.03, 10.04,
and 10.05).
k The size of the foreign market is estimated as the natural log of
the total value (PPP estimates) of exports of goods and services,
normalized on a 1-to-7 scale. PPP estimates of exports are
obtained by taking the product of exports as a percentage of GDP
and GDP valued at PPP. The underlying data are reported in the
data tables.
+ 7
d For those categories that contain one or several half-weight variables, country scores for those groups are computed as follows:
(sum of scores on full-weight variables)
(count of full-weight variables)
Appendix A: Computation and structure of the Global Competitiveness Index 20102011 (contd.)
e In order to capture the idea that both high inflation and deflation
are detrimental, inflation enters the model in a U-shaped manner
as follows: for values of inflation between 0.5 and 2.9 percent, a
country receives the highest possible score of 7. Outside this
range, scores decrease linearly as they move away from these
values.
47
Appendix B: The Joint Research Centre assessment of the Global Competitiveness Index
We are grateful to our colleagues C. Garrouste and M. Loi for their collaboration in the analysis.
49
50
Appendix B: The Joint Research Centre assessment of the Global Competitiveness Index (contd.)
account by the World Economic Forum in the formulation of the 20102011 GCI release, and the relevant
adjustments to the model are described in the main text
of this chapter.
The second objective is addressed by a detailed
robustness analysis. In every composite indicator analysis,
the final index is the outcome of a number of choices:
the framework (usually driven by theoretical models and
experts opinions), the indicators to be included, their
normalization, the weights assigned to each indicator,
and the aggregation method, among other elements.
Some of these choices are subjective; others are driven
by statistical analysis, mathematical simplicity, experts
opinions, or common practice. The aim of the robustness analysis is to assess to what extent all these choices,
some of them considered crucial, might affect the final
score and ranking of the index.3
In the case of the GCI, we decided not to explore
all uncertainties in order to check their simultaneous
and joint influence on the final score. The complexity of
the GCI would indeed have made it difficult to disentangle influential factors and fully understand the implication of their variability. Instead, the GCI robustness
analysis focused on some critical key points and checked
the overall influence of each of them on the Index.
The robustness assessment of the GCI consisted of
different steps. First, a Monte Carlo experiment was
used to assess the impact of assigning different weights
to the GCI subindexes according to the development
stage of each country. This exercise was used to test the
weighting scheme at subindex level (basic requirements,
efficiency enhancers, and innovation and sophistication factors),
which is considered critical for the results of the GCI.4
For technical reasons, all economies are classified
into three main development stages in the uncertainty
analysis. Countries in transition from one stage to the
next were assigned the closest higher or lower development stage.
Figures B1, B2, and B3 show the main outcomes of
the 1,200 Monte Carlo simulations, which assessed the
GCI robustness with respect to its weighting scheme.
For each development stage, the distributions of the
rank differences between the GCI and that based on our
simulated weights (henceforth termed the simulated
GCI) are plotted country by country. The median rank
difference is in black while the boxes represent the
interquartile range of the distribution (25th and 75th
percentiles). No particular volatility affects the GCI on
average: the median absolute shift of a country ranking
is smaller than eight positions for all countries. In
absolute terms we find only 7 volatile countries out of
an overall sample of 133 countries considered in the
GCI 20092010. The dispersion around the median is
lower for economies in development stage 3 than for
the others.
w x
i
(i)
wi [0,1]
i=1
w 5 1
i
i=1
where x(i) is the i-th largest xithat is, {x(1), x(2), . . ., x(k)}
is the series of xi values reordered in descending order.
OWA operators are not weighted averages since the set
of weights depends only on the i-th ordered position of
the indicators. OWA operators embed many different
types of aggregations depending on the set of weights
wi.
In particular, operator f(or) assigns to each country
the highest indicator value, thus implying full compensability among indicators. Consider, for example, the basic
requirements subindex, comprised of the first four pillars.
Figure B1: Uncertainty analysis and GCI rank robustness, countries in development stage 1
40
30
20
10
Appendix B: The Joint Research Centre assessment of the Global Competitiveness Index (contd.)
10
20
30
Maximum median value: +8
Minimum median value: 1
40
Countries
Sources: European Commission Joint Research Centre; World Economic Forum, 2009.
51
Figure B2: Uncertainty analysis and GCI rank robustness, countries in development stage 2
40
30
20
10
10
20
30
Maximum median value: +4
Minimum median value: 8
40
Countries
Sources: European Commission Joint Research Centre; World Economic Forum, 2009.
Figure B3: Uncertainty analysis and GCI rank robustness, countries in development stage 3
40
Maximum median value: +8
Minimum median value: 6
30
Appendix B: The Joint Research Centre assessment of the Global Competitiveness Index (contd.)
20
10
10
20
30
40
Countries
Sources: European Commission Joint Research Centre; World Economic Forum, 2009.
Figure B4: Robustness analysis: Median GCI ranks and confidence intervals
1
9
52
Median rank
GCI 20092010 rank
17
25
33
41
49
57
65
73
81
89
97
105
113
121
129
133
Countries
Sources: European Commission Joint Research Centre; World Economic Forum, 2009.
Stage 1
Country
1.05
1.16
1.24
1.25
1.39
1.43
1.47
1.54
1.54
1.60
1.75
1.75
1.76
1.85
1.90
1.93
1.94
1.95
Algeria
Egypt
Libya
Indonesia
Kuwait
Botswana
Brunei Darussalam
Azerbaijan
Venezuela
Paraguay
Morocco
Saudi Arabia
Syria
Guatemala
Jamaica
Georgia
Kazakhstan
Qatar
Score (%)
0.3
0.3
1.5
0.1
2.1
1.7
3.7
1.7
1.8
1.1
3.2
2.8
4.0
1.4
0.4
2.8
1.7
4.8
DEVELOPMENT STAGE
Stage 2
Rank
3
1
7
0
6
2
6
7
5
2
11
4
9
1
0
5
2
8
Score (%)
6.1
1.7
4.1
0.4
2.6
2.2
3.3
1.5
0.9
0.8
1.1
0.4
1.3
0.2
0
0.2
0.1
0.6
Stage 2
Rank
14
8
7
1
3
13
9
4
1
1
6
1
2
3
1
1
1
1
Country
2.04
2.14
2.14
2.15
2.18
2.24
2.35
2.46
2.54
2.60
2.64
2.75
2.82
2.83
Romania
Uruguay
Chile
Mexico
Turkey
Oman
Russian Federation
Bahrain
Barbados
Poland
Lithuania
Latvia
Hungary
Croatia
Score (%)
0.1
0.8
0.7
0.7
0.6
2.2
1.6
4.1
3.4
1.3
2.8
4.0
3.1
4.6
Stage 3
Rank
0
1
0
3
0
8
6
8
3
2
10
11
13
15
Score (%)
3.1
5.1
4.3
3.6
2.5
4.7
3
3.5
2.8
0.9
1.6
1.3
0.7
1
Rank
15
23
10
10
7
12
11
5
11
7
2
11
2
7
Appendix B: The Joint Research Centre assessment of the Global Competitiveness Index (contd.)
53
Appendix B: The Joint Research Centre assessment of the Global Competitiveness Index (contd.)
GCI score
f (and)
5
4
3
2
Countries
54
GCI 20092010 score and
interval of simulated scores
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Countries
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Countries
Sources: European Commission Joint Research Centre; World Economic Forum, 2009.
Appendix B: The Joint Research Centre assessment of the Global Competitiveness Index (contd.)
Figure B6: GCI framework balance of pillars: Rank differences
25
20
15
10
5
0
5
10
15
20
Innovation
Business sophistication
Market size
Technological readiness
Macroeconomic environment
Infrastructure
Institutions
25
55
Sources: European Commission Joint Research Centre; World Economic Forum, 2009.
References
Mardia K. V., Kent J. T., and Bibby J. M. 1979. Multivariate Analysis.
London and San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
Munda, G. 2008. Social Multi-Criteria Evaluation for a Sustainable
Economy. Berlin Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag.
OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development).
2008. Handbook on Constructing Composite Indicators:
Methodology and User Guide. Paris: OECD.
Sala-i-Martin, X., J. Blanke, M. Drzeniek Hanouz, T. Geiger, and I. Mia.
2009. The Global Competitiveness Index 20092010:
Contributing to Long-Term Prosperity amid the Global Economic
Crisis. The Global Competitiveness Report 20092010. Geneva:
World Economic Forum. 347.
Saltelli A., M. Ratto, T. Andres, F. Campolongo, J. Cariboni, D. Gatelli,
M. Saisana, and S. Tarantola. 2008. Global Sensitivity Analysis:
The Primer. Chichester, England: John Wiley & Sons.
Notes
1 More information on robustness analysis applied to composite
indicators can be found in http://composite-indicators.jrc.ec.
europa.eu/ .
2 Mardia et al. 1979.
Geographic expansion
In 1979, the first competitiveness report using survey
data covering just 16 European countries was launched.
This year, the Report covers 139 economies where the
Survey was administered and where a large enough
sample was collected for inclusion. The Report covers
economies from all the worlds regions (see Figure 1
for details), which represent over 98 percent of the
worlds gross domestic product. Seven new economies
are included in this edition, with four new African
countries (Angola, Cape Verde, Rwanda, and Swaziland),
the Islamic Republic of Iran, and Lebanon, as well as the
re-instatement of Moldova.1 However, this year, Suriname
is not included because of the lack of Survey data.
CHAPTER 1.2
57
Previous coverage
2010 additions
58
VIII. Company Operations and Strategy
IX. Education and Human Capital
X. Corruption, Ethics, and Social
Responsibility
XI. Travel & Tourism
XII. Environment
XIII. Health
Every year, the set of questions is updated to reflect
changes to the structure of the Forum indexes and meet
the need for new data. In order to keep the Survey as
short as possible, some less relevant questions are regularly
dropped. This year, the Survey did not undergo any major
change. However, a few new questions were added to
draw a more accurate picture of the quality and degree
of development of a countrys financial environment in
light of the recent crisis as well as to capture the rapid
evolution taking place in the areas of technology and
innovation.
Most questions in the Survey ask respondents to
evaluate, on a scale of 1 to 7, one particular aspect of
their operating environment. At one end of the scale,
1 represents the worst possible situation; at the other
end of the scale, 7 represents the best (see Box 1 for
an example).
In order to achieve a sample of sufficient size to
be included in the dataset, the Forums Centre for
Global Competitiveness and Performance works closely
with a network of over 150 Partner Institutes that
59
60
Table 1: Distribution of respondents to the Executive Opinion Survey 2010 by country and firm size
Sample size
Country/Economy
Albania
Algeria
Angola
Argentina
Armenia
Australia
Austria
Azerbaijan
Bahrain
Bangladesh
Barbados
Belgium
Benin
Bolivia
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Botswana
Brazil
Brunei Darussalam
Bulgaria
Burkina Faso
Burundi
Cambodia
Cameroon
Canada
Cape Verde
Chad
Chile
China
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cte dIvoire
Croatia
Cyprus
Czech Republic
Denmark
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
Egypt
El Salvador
Estonia
Ethiopia
Finland
France
Gambia, The
Georgia
Germany
Ghana
Greece
Guatemala
Guyana
Honduras
Hong Kong SAR
Hungary
Iceland
India
Indonesia
Iran, Islamic Rep.
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Jamaica
Japan
Jordan
Kazakhstan
Kenya
Korea, Rep.
Kuwait
Kyrgyz Republic
Latvia
Lebanon
Lesotho
Count*
85
30
33
104
78
45
80
70
91
89
39
76
91
55
100
104
168
111
115
39
84
79
71
90
106
130
84
362
195
42
97
97
95
78
35
43
62
83
50
87
92
35
128
90
93
68
85
91
82
86
96
42
81
56
103
86
530
48
91
90
65
134
93
122
101
176
57
79
138
59
44
Online (%)
0
10
6
99
0
69
33
1
95
0
18
96
0
98
0
11
77
52
1
0
0
0
1
77
0
0
74
1
23
74
0
15
1
45
89
7
18
0
70
100
0
97
2
0
100
46
1
41
0
0
23
24
0
100
16
0
48
60
100
3
0
10
32
0
0
0
28
0
92
98
0
69
7
96
24
61
44
30
65
35
27
16
40
87
91
58
75
23
69
38
53
81
50
26
31
90
90
29
27
43
51
78
40
40
39
60
1
19
11
26
64
50
33
13
79
76
42
39
27
37
80
33
56
24
58
12
52
53
62
32
19
44
7
31
38
52
51
40
58
76
56
89
101
500
501
1,000
1,001
5,000
5,001
20,000
>20,000
No response
26
62
2
30
22
40
21
8
39
27
42
21
13
4
30
24
18
26
37
37
17
20
20
21
9
7
30
21
38
29
17
22
35
33
22
82
63
32
54
31
27
32
17
17
16
16
55
21
27
17
41
17
36
36
30
26
34
11
53
12
34
4
34
50
25
19
28
31
17
22
0
5
0
1
16
9
0
23
0
9
11
42
5
0
5
3
0
13
5
20
0
2
14
3
6
1
1
10
15
11
10
4
19
22
20
11
0
0
29
14
4
4
5
7
2
6
0
3
9
11
1
18
12
14
4
0
5
7
14
10
15
6
1
23
7
10
6
19
6
3
14
4
0
31
1
18
6
8
25
26
14
19
0
27
0
0
7
0
21
0
3
5
0
12
49
31
1
0
18
23
2
3
1
7
4
6
4
0
18
27
6
1
15
30
17
0
2
22
3
34
23
0
8
7
23
2
25
8
5
13
4
16
15
28
10
5
6
13
3
5
2
7
0
0
0
0
10
0
7
2
0
0
7
0
7
0
0
2
0
13
0
1
0
0
0
0
5
0
0
10
5
3
7
0
6
0
0
3
16
0
1
0
0
3
0
8
0
0
4
0
9
1
2
0
7
0
0
25
4
0
0
0
3
0
21
0
0
4
7
5
0
2
2
0
0
0
0
3
0
1
0
0
1
6
0
0
0
0
0
0
12
0
0
0
0
0
1
7
0
0
4
9
0
0
0
0
0
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
37
0
0
17
0
0
0
0
0
0
4
0
8
4
0
0
0
34
0
38
0
0
0
5
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
1
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
5
0
4
1
0
0
2
0
0
2
0
0
6
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
2
1
3
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
6
(Contd.)
Sample size
Country/Economy
Count*
Online (%)
<101
101
500
501
1,000
1,001
5,000
5,001
20,000
>20,000
No response
Libya
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Macedonia, FYR
Madagascar
Malawi
Malaysia
Mali
Malta
Mauritania
Mauritius
Mexico
Moldova
Mongolia
Montenegro
Morocco
Mozambique
Namibia
Nepal
Netherlands
New Zealand
Nicaragua
Nigeria
Norway
Oman
Pakistan
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Philippines
Poland
Portugal
Puerto Rico
Qatar
Romania
Russian Federation
Rwanda
Saudi Arabia
Senegal
Serbia
Singapore
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
South Africa
Spain
Sri Lanka
Swaziland
Sweden
Switzerland
Syria
Taiwan, China
Tajikistan
Tanzania
Thailand
Timor-Leste
Trinidad and Tobago
Tunisia
Turkey
Uganda
Ukraine
United Arab Emirates
United Kingdom
United States
Uruguay
Venezuela
Vietnam
Zambia
Zimbabwe
32
137
48
79
83
86
110
115
65
60
73
94
105
81
79
94
71
42
98
99
43
83
97
72
183
218
115
125
86
82
311
103
85
75
100
346
33
152
101
80
122
62
101
57
177
98
55
37
119
111
65
98
86
59
30
94
100
87
88
104
106
102
437
79
38
104
87
49
97
68
96
0
0
9
26
0
3
0
48
79
0
0
0
0
1
10
4
96
98
36
0
72
99
2
50
8
2
1
51
26
95
9
2
0
12
1
0
0
48
69
0
51
55
0
0
81
77
13
48
0
12
2
0
35
0
17
0
2
35
96
97
0
100
0
0
18
36
44
45
65
39
54
39
70
55
86
41
33
41
51
71
75
72
49
28
27
10
73
47
19
63
27
62
54
12
15
23
22
47
15
72
32
51
58
86
51
10
44
34
7
41
36
77
32
57
43
0
80
54
10
79
54
39
4
65
41
53
44
27
69
39
71
73
11
22
42
20
28
40
13
22
24
42
5
39
32
32
44
22
13
12
4
50
27
25
24
16
37
23
25
16
22
30
23
35
30
33
54
4
18
48
11
12
49
41
30
34
4
19
35
19
29
23
49
14
13
29
13
11
21
38
48
22
29
27
13
18
18
20
16
17
33
7
4
16
5
5
22
11
4
2
0
3
18
12
3
1
4
12
23
21
16
23
0
8
15
7
9
6
24
12
18
23
4
9
14
0
31
1
6
2
0
17
11
21
8
10
15
3
3
3
0
17
3
9
13
10
12
17
28
7
18
10
6
10
8
8
4
5
13
20
10
15
2
8
1
17
1
2
0
14
11
10
1
5
2
4
24
2
19
26
3
14
25
4
24
11
1
10
10
18
26
7
13
24
14
0
22
0
0
28
11
9
28
19
12
1
22
8
8
39
1
8
55
0
9
6
10
6
10
10
15
16
3
21
8
2
43
9
1
0
0
0
0
7
0
0
0
0
4
3
0
0
6
0
0
0
6
14
0
4
2
2
8
3
0
18
28
0
7
1
2
0
3
0
2
0
0
4
2
1
21
7
2
0
14
3
0
15
0
0
5
0
0
0
10
0
1
0
9
12
0
12
0
3
0
7
0
4
0
0
0
4
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
0
0
5
0
0
3
0
0
18
2
2
10
1
1
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
32
5
0
0
0
6
0
16
0
0
3
0
3
0
0
0
0
0
10
17
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
7
11
0
1
0
9
3
3
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
3
0
6
2
1
3
2
0
1
3
0
0
2
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
2
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
1
2
0
0
1
0
TOTAL/AVERAGE (%)
13,607
30
42
26
10
12
*Final count, after editing of the data. See text for details.
Table 1: Distribution of respondents to the Executive Opinion Survey 2010 by country and firm size (contd.)
61
62
Note
1 A total of 241 surveys were excluded based upon the
Mahalonobis outlier test.
where
with
where
is sector ss contribution to the economy of
country c (e.g., 0.36 for the services sector in Bahrain);
and
is the mean of the responses from sector s in
country c (
is response j from sector s and country c
and
is the number of responses from sector s in
country c ).
Data weighting: Moving average
Country/Economy
Albania
Algeria
Angola
Argentina
Armenia
Australia
Austria
Azerbaijan
Bahrain
Bangladesh
Barbados
Belgium
Benin
Bolivia
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Botswana
Brazil
Brunei Darussalam
Bulgaria
Burkina Faso
Burundi
Cambodia
Cameroon
Canada
Cape Verde
Chad
Chile
China
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cte dIvoire
Croatia
Cyprus
Czech Republic
Denmark
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
Egypt
El Salvador
Estonia
Ethiopia
Finland
France
Gambia, The
Georgia
Germany
Ghana
Greece
Guatemala
Guyana
Honduras
Hong Kong SAR
Hungary
Iceland
India
Indonesia
Iran, Islamic Rep.
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Jamaica
Japan
Jordan
Kazakhstan
Kenya
Korea, Rep.
Kuwait
Kyrgyz Republic
Latvia
Lebanon
Lesotho
Agriculture
Manufacturing
industry
21
7
7
10
18
3
2
6
0
19
4
1
32
13
9
2
7
1
7
33
35
35
19
2
9
14
4
11
9
7
25
6
2
3
1
7
7
13
13
3
44
3
2
29
10
1
33
3
12
28
14
0
4
6
17
14
10
2
3
2
5
1
3
6
27
3
0
30
3
5
7
12
5
5
21
15
10
20
4
12
18
7
16
8
14
14
4
16
10
15
14
9
16
17
16
7
7
13
34
16
21
18
17
8
25
15
24
10
16
22
17
5
24
12
5
12
24
6
10
20
3
22
3
22
10
16
28
11
22
22
18
9
21
20
13
12
28
2
13
11
10
16
Nonmanufacturing
industry
Services
8
57
63
11
30
19
10
65
51
11
11
8
6
24
14
49
12
61
15
9
11
8
14
16
11
42
30
14
20
8
8
12
12
13
12
9
31
22
7
12
8
9
9
10
9
6
19
10
10
18
9
5
8
14
13
20
34
12
10
9
17
8
14
31
7
9
49
7
12
11
19
59
31
26
58
37
68
67
24
36
52
78
76
54
48
62
45
65
28
62
44
45
41
50
66
73
38
52
40
55
64
49
65
78
60
73
60
53
49
58
68
42
65
78
56
69
69
41
77
58
50
55
92
66
71
54
37
45
64
63
71
69
69
63
51
54
60
49
51
74
73
58
Country/Economy
Libya
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Macedonia, FYR
Madagascar
Malawi
Malaysia
Mali
Malta
Mauritania
Mauritius
Mexico
Moldova
Mongolia
Montenegro
Morocco
Mozambique
Namibia
Nepal
Netherlands
New Zealand
Nicaragua
Nigeria
Norway
Oman
Pakistan
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Philippines
Poland
Portugal
Puerto Rico
Qatar
Romania
Russian Federation
Rwanda
Saudi Arabia
Senegal
Serbia
Singapore
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
South Africa
Spain
Sri Lanka
Swaziland
Sweden
Switzerland
Syria
Taiwan, China
Tajikistan
Tanzania
Thailand
Timor-Leste
Trinidad and Tobago
Tunisia
Turkey
Uganda
Ukraine
United Arab Emirates
United Kingdom
United States
Uruguay
Venezuela
Vietnam
Zambia
Zimbabwe
Agriculture
Manufacturing
industry
2
4
0
11
25
34
10
37
3
24
4
4
11
21
9
15
29
9
34
2
7
19
33
1
2
20
6
20
7
15
5
2
1
0
7
5
37
2
16
13
0
3
2
3
3
13
7
2
1
20
2
18
45
12
9
0
10
9
23
8
2
1
1
11
4
22
21
19
4
19
9
22
15
14
28
3
0
5
20
19
14
4
7
14
14
14
7
14
16
19
3
9
8
20
7
13
16
22
17
14
40
8
21
18
4
8
13
25
21
24
23
19
15
18
44
20
20
13
25
16
7
35
3
5
18
18
8
23
12
13
14
18
16
21
12
14
Nonmanufacturing
industry
Services
(Contd.)
74
14
7
12
2
6
20
21
22
24
9
18
1
35
11
16
10
24
9
11
9
11
39
37
47
7
10
6
20
9
14
10
3
64
4
19
10
62
9
4
7
14
11
15
15
11
5
8
8
22
4
6
10
9
21
57
15
9
18
14
48
10
8
9
41
19
35
10
20
63
84
55
57
45
42
39
75
47
67
59
74
39
73
55
47
53
50
73
68
51
27
53
43
53
76
61
57
53
65
74
56
29
68
58
48
27
63
59
72
59
63
63
68
57
43
70
71
45
70
59
37
44
68
37
58
64
52
55
38
76
77
63
38
38
33
57
63
(1)
where
qi,ct is country c s score on question qi in year t, with t = 2009, 2010, as computed following the
approach described in the text; and
wct is the weight applied to country c s score in year t (see below).
2009
c
2009
1 c2010
c
(2a)
and
a1
wc20105
2010
c
2009
1 c2010
c
(2b)
where Nct is the sample size (i.e., the number of respondents) for country c in year t.
Plugging equations (2a) and (2b) into (1) and rearranging yields:
64
Nc2009
Nc2010
2009
2010
.
1 2009
3 qi,c
2010 3 q i,c
N 1 Nc
Nc 1 Nc2010
2009
c
(3)
2009
2010
1
1
3 (12a) 3 qi,c 1 a 3 qi,c
1
3
2
2
qi,c0910 5
In equation (3), the first component of the weighting scheme is the discounted-past weighted average.
The second component is the sample-size weighted average. The two components are given half-weight
each. The value for is 0.6, which corresponds to a discount factor of 2/3. That is, the 2009 score of
country c is given 2/3 of the weight given to its 2010 score. One additional property of this approach is
that it prevents a country sample that is much larger in one year from overwhelming the smaller sample
from the other year. Note that in the particular case of a new questionwhere no past data existwe
0910
2010
have wc2009 = 0 and wc2010 = 1. Equation (1) then simply becomes qi,c 5 qi,c . The formula is easily generalized. For any two consecutive editions t1 and t 2 of the Survey, country cs score on question i is computed as follows:
qi,ctt 5
1
Nct
Nct
t
t
t
t
1
1
3 (12a) 3 qi,c 1 a 3 qi,c 1
3
3 qi,c 1 t
3 qi,c
t
t
2
2
Nc 1 Nc
Nc 1 Nct
4.
(4)
Example
q
Let us compute the score of Slovenia on indicator 9.01 on the availability of new technologies. Slovenias
score was 5.71 in 2009 and 5.49 in 2010. The weighting scheme described above indicates how the two
scores are combined. In Slovenia, the size of the sample was 110 in 2009 and 101 in 2010. Using = 0.6
and applying formulas (2a) and (2b) yield weights of 46.1 percent for 2009 and 53.9 percent for 2010. The
final country score for this question is given by formula (1):
5
5
2010
This is the final score used in the computation of the GCI and reported in Table 9.01. Although numbers
are rounded to two decimal places in this example and to one decimal place in the data tables, exact figures are used in all calculations.
Conclusion
The Executive Opinion Survey remains the largest poll
of its kind, collecting the insight of over 13,500 executives into their business operating environment; this scale
could not be achieved without the tremendous efforts
of the Forums network of over 150 Partner Institutes in
carrying out the Survey at a national level. The Survey,
as the backbone of The Global Competitiveness Report, is a
key ingredient that turns the Report into a representative
annual measure of a nations economic environment and
its ability to achieve sustained growth. It gathers valuable
information on a broad range of variables for which
data sources are scarce or nonexistent. For this reason,
and for the integrity of our publication and related
research, sampling and comparability across the globe
remains an essential and ongoing endeavor of the
Centre for Global Competitiveness and Performance.
6 The results are the scores obtained by each country in the various
questions of the Survey. The two terms are used interchangeably
throughout the text.
7 The completion rate is the proportion of unanswered questions
among the 120 core questions in the survey instrument.
8 In a few cases, the respondent has not answered the question
relative to their companys activity. In order to include the surveys
with missing sector information in the country averages, the average response values for the surveys without sector information
are apportioned to the other sectors according to the sample
sizes in those other sectors. This has the effect of including these
surveys on a one-for-one basis as they occur in the samplethat
is, with no adjustment for sector.
9 For details about the 2009 Survey dataset, please refer to Browne
and Geiger 2009.
Reference
Browne, C. and T. Geiger. 2009. Executive Opinion Survey:
Capturing the Views of the Business Community. The Global
Competitiveness Report 20092010. Geneva: World Economic
Forum. 4957.
Notes
1 For these countries, only 2010 Survey data are used.
2 The World Economic Forums Centre for Global Competitiveness
and Performance would like to acknowledge e-Rewards Market
Research for carrying out the Executive Opinion Survey 2010 in
the United States, collecting over 400 surveys following the
detailed sampling guidelines.
3 The Survey sampling guidelines each year emphasize the need
to have a sample with a sufficient presence of large companies
because these companies tend to have better knowledge about
the overall economy and the relative quality of the business
environment. The size stratification of the sample helps to better
achieve this goal.
65
Part 2
Data Presentation
2.1
Country/Economy Profiles
The Country/Economy Profiles section presents a twopage profile for each of the 139 economies covered in
The Global Competitiveness Report 20102011.
Albania
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions)...................................................3.2
GDP (US$ billions).....................................................12.2
GDP per capita (US$) .............................................3,825
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.03
Albania
15,000
12,000
9,000
6,000
3,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Page 1
Global Competitiveness Index
Rank
(out of 139)
Key indicators
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Infrastructure
Business
sophistication
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Albania
Efficiency-driven economies
71
10
15
20
25
30
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
72
Page 2
Albania
The Global Competitiveness Index in detail
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.......................................................................116
Intellectual property protection .............................................101
Diversion of public funds.........................................................58
Public trust of politicians .........................................................63
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................68
Judicial independence .............................................................88
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................65
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................53
Burden of government regulation ...........................................20
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................59
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........56
Transparency of government policymaking.............................49
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................51
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................56
Organized crime ......................................................................82
Reliability of police services ....................................................57
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................58
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................83
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................47
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................82
Strength of investor protection* .............................................15
RANK/139
7.01
7.02
7.03
7.04
7.05
7.06
7.07
7.08
7.09
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
List of Countries/Economies
List of Countries/Economies
Country/Economy
Page
Country/Economy
Page
Country/Economy
Page
Albania
74
Greece
168
Norway
262
Algeria
76
Guatemala
170
Oman
264
Angola
78
Guyana
172
Pakistan
266
Argentina
80
Honduras
174
Panama
268
Armenia
82
176
Paraguay
270
Australia
84
Hungary
178
Peru
272
Austria
86
Iceland
180
Philippines
274
Azerbaijan
88
India
182
Poland
276
Bahrain
90
Indonesia
184
Portugal
278
Bangladesh
92
186
Puerto Rico
280
Barbados
94
Ireland
188
Qatar
282
Belgium
96
Israel
190
Romania
284
Benin
98
Italy
192
Russian Federation
286
Bolivia
100
Jamaica
194
Rwanda
288
102
Japan
196
Saudi Arabia
290
Botswana
104
Jordan
198
Senegal
292
Brazil
106
Kazakhstan
200
Serbia
294
Brunei Darussalam
108
Kenya
202
Singapore
296
Bulgaria
110
Korea, Rep.
204
Slovak Republic
298
Burkina Faso
112
Kuwait
206
Slovenia
300
Burundi
114
Kyrgyz Republic
208
South Africa
302
Cambodia
116
Latvia
210
Spain
304
Cameroon
118
Lebanon
212
Sri Lanka
306
Canada
120
Lesotho
214
Swaziland
308
Cape Verde
122
Libya
216
Sweden
310
Chad
124
Lithuania
218
Switzerland
312
Chile
126
Luxembourg
220
Syria
314
China
128
Macedonia, FYR
222
Taiwan, China
316
Colombia
130
Madagascar
224
Tajikistan
318
Costa Rica
132
Malawi
226
Tanzania
320
Cte dIvoire
134
Malaysia
228
Thailand
322
Croatia
136
Mali
230
Timor-Leste
324
Cyprus
138
Malta
232
326
Czech Republic
140
Mauritania
234
Tunisia
328
Denmark
142
Mauritius
236
Turkey
330
Dominican Republic
144
Mexico
238
Uganda
332
Ecuador
146
Moldova
240
Ukraine
334
Egypt
148
Mongolia
242
336
El Salvador
150
Montenegro
244
United Kingdom
338
Estonia
152
Morocco
246
United States
340
Ethiopia
154
Mozambique
248
Uruguay
342
Finland
156
Namibia
250
Venezuela
344
France
158
Nepal
252
Vietnam
346
Gambia, The
160
Netherlands
254
Zambia
348
Georgia
162
New Zealand
256
Zimbabwe
350
Germany
164
Nicaragua
258
Ghana
166
Nigeria
260
73
Albania
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions)...................................................3.2
GDP (US$ billions).....................................................12.2
GDP per capita (US$) .............................................3,825
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.03
Albania
15,000
12,000
9,000
6,000
3,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
74
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Albania
Efficiency-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.......................................................................116
Intellectual property protection .............................................101
Diversion of public funds.........................................................58
Public trust of politicians .........................................................63
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................68
Judicial independence .............................................................88
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................65
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................53
Burden of government regulation ...........................................20
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................59
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........56
Transparency of government policymaking.............................49
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................51
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................56
Organized crime ......................................................................82
Reliability of police services ....................................................57
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................58
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................83
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................47
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................82
Strength of investor protection* .............................................15
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Albania
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
75
Algeria
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions).................................................34.9
GDP (US$ billions)...................................................140.8
GDP per capita (US$) .............................................4,027
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.35
Algeria
10,000
8,000
6,000
4,000
2,000
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
76
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Algeria
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.......................................................................106
Intellectual property protection .............................................105
Diversion of public funds.........................................................67
Public trust of politicians .........................................................85
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................97
Judicial independence ...........................................................112
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................82
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................64
Burden of government regulation .........................................132
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................93
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ......100
Transparency of government policymaking...........................121
Business costs of terrorism ..................................................128
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................74
Organized crime ......................................................................87
Reliability of police services ....................................................79
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................98
Strength of auditing and reporting standards........................104
Efficacy of corporate boards .................................................110
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................95
Strength of investor protection* .............................................59
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Algeria
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
77
Angola
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions).................................................18.5
GDP (US$ billions).....................................................68.8
GDP per capita (US$) .............................................3,972
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.15
Angola
8,000
Sub-Saharan Africa
6,000
4,000
2,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
78
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Angola
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.......................................................................130
Intellectual property protection .............................................120
Diversion of public funds.......................................................122
Public trust of politicians .........................................................66
Irregular payments and bribes...............................................110
Judicial independence ...........................................................102
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ....................132
Wastefulness of government spending ................................116
Burden of government regulation .........................................137
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ................120
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........90
Transparency of government policymaking...........................127
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................17
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................98
Organized crime ......................................................................36
Reliability of police services ....................................................83
Ethical behavior of firms........................................................138
Strength of auditing and reporting standards........................132
Efficacy of corporate boards .................................................137
Protection of minority shareholders interests ......................115
Strength of investor protection* .............................................45
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Angola
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
79
Argentina
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions).................................................40.3
GDP (US$ billions)...................................................310.1
GDP per capita (US$) .............................................7,726
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.81
Argentina
15,000
Western Hemisphere
12,000
9,000
6,000
3,000
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
80
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Argentina
Efficiency-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.......................................................................134
Intellectual property protection .............................................126
Diversion of public funds.......................................................131
Public trust of politicians .......................................................138
Irregular payments and bribes...............................................115
Judicial independence ...........................................................123
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ....................137
Wastefulness of government spending ................................134
Burden of government regulation .........................................123
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ................130
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ......137
Transparency of government policymaking...........................129
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................34
Business costs of crime and violence...................................116
Organized crime ....................................................................115
Reliability of police services ..................................................121
Ethical behavior of firms........................................................115
Strength of auditing and reporting standards........................122
Efficacy of corporate boards .................................................104
Protection of minority shareholders interests ......................121
Strength of investor protection* .............................................93
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Argentina
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
81
Armenia
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions)...................................................3.1
GDP (US$ billions).......................................................8.7
GDP per capita (US$) .............................................2,668
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.02
Armenia
12,000
9,000
6,000
3,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
82
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Armenia
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................98
Intellectual property protection .............................................107
Diversion of public funds.......................................................103
Public trust of politicians .........................................................89
Irregular payments and bribes...............................................104
Judicial independence ...........................................................118
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................78
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................54
Burden of government regulation ...........................................91
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ................104
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ......103
Transparency of government policymaking.............................53
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................32
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................31
Organized crime ......................................................................66
Reliability of police services ..................................................112
Ethical behavior of firms........................................................118
Strength of auditing and reporting standards........................101
Efficacy of corporate boards .................................................130
Protection of minority shareholders interests ......................131
Strength of investor protection* .............................................77
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Armenia
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
83
Australia
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions).................................................21.3
GDP (US$ billions)...................................................997.2
GDP per capita (US$) ...........................................45,587
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................1.17
Australia
40,000
Advanced economies
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
84
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Infrastructure
Business
sophistication
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Australia
Innovation-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................14
Intellectual property protection ...............................................14
Diversion of public funds.........................................................13
Public trust of politicians .........................................................17
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................16
Judicial independence ...............................................................9
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................19
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................21
Burden of government regulation ...........................................60
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................12
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........13
Transparency of government policymaking.............................19
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................80
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................45
Organized crime ......................................................................32
Reliability of police services ....................................................19
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................10
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................14
Efficacy of corporate boards .....................................................7
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................15
Strength of investor protection* .............................................45
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Australia
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
85
Austria
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions)...................................................8.4
GDP (US$ billions)...................................................381.9
GDP per capita (US$) ...........................................45,989
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.46
Austria
40,000
Advanced economies
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
86
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Infrastructure
Business
sophistication
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Austria
Innovation-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights...........................................................................7
Intellectual property protection ...............................................11
Diversion of public funds.........................................................17
Public trust of politicians .........................................................28
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................18
Judicial independence .............................................................18
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................26
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................28
Burden of government regulation ...........................................39
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................18
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........10
Transparency of government policymaking.............................17
Business costs of terrorism ......................................................7
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................22
Organized crime ......................................................................10
Reliability of police services ....................................................23
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................11
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................17
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................30
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................38
Strength of investor protection* ...........................................109
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Austria
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
87
Azerbaijan
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions)...................................................8.8
GDP (US$ billions).....................................................43.1
GDP per capita (US$) .............................................4,807
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.12
Azerbaijan
12,000
9,000
6,000
3,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
88
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Azerbaijan
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................90
Intellectual property protection ...............................................63
Diversion of public funds.........................................................88
Public trust of politicians .........................................................45
Irregular payments and bribes...............................................101
Judicial independence .............................................................87
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................64
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................59
Burden of government regulation ...........................................32
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................94
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........62
Transparency of government policymaking.............................58
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................62
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................46
Organized crime ......................................................................88
Reliability of police services ....................................................95
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................67
Strength of auditing and reporting standards........................112
Efficacy of corporate boards .................................................102
Protection of minority shareholders interests ......................107
Strength of investor protection* .............................................20
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Azerbaijan
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
89
Bahrain
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions)...................................................0.8
GDP (US$ billions).....................................................20.2
GDP per capita (US$) ...........................................19,455
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.04
Bahrain
40,000
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
90
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Infrastructure
Business
sophistication
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Bahrain
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................21
Intellectual property protection ...............................................22
Diversion of public funds.........................................................22
Public trust of politicians .........................................................27
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................23
Judicial independence .............................................................34
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................42
Wastefulness of government spending ....................................8
Burden of government regulation ...........................................19
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................58
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........45
Transparency of government policymaking.............................43
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................87
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................38
Organized crime ......................................................................30
Reliability of police services ....................................................32
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................26
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................20
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................24
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................20
Strength of investor protection* .............................................45
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Bahrain
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
91
Bangladesh
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions)...............................................162.2
GDP (US$ billions).....................................................94.5
GDP per capita (US$) ................................................574
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.35
Bangladesh
5,000
Developing Asia
4,000
3,000
2,000
1,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
92
Transition
23
2
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Infrastructure
Business
sophistication
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Bangladesh
Factor-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.......................................................................113
Intellectual property protection .............................................122
Diversion of public funds.......................................................107
Public trust of politicians .......................................................115
Irregular payments and bribes...............................................137
Judicial independence .............................................................85
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ....................117
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................79
Burden of government regulation .........................................102
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ................113
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ......102
Transparency of government policymaking...........................106
Business costs of terrorism ..................................................124
Business costs of crime and violence...................................118
Organized crime ....................................................................107
Reliability of police services ..................................................123
Ethical behavior of firms........................................................116
Strength of auditing and reporting standards........................120
Efficacy of corporate boards .................................................123
Protection of minority shareholders interests ......................125
Strength of investor protection* .............................................20
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Bangladesh
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
93
Barbados
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions)...................................................0.3
GDP (US$ billions).......................................................3.6
GDP per capita (US$) ...........................................13,003
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.01
Barbados
20,000
Western Hemisphere
15,000
10,000
5,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
94
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Barbados
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................22
Intellectual property protection ...............................................29
Diversion of public funds.........................................................23
Public trust of politicians .........................................................19
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................28
Judicial independence .............................................................19
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................31
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................18
Burden of government regulation ...........................................13
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................21
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........22
Transparency of government policymaking.............................21
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................68
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................89
Organized crime ......................................................................23
Reliability of police services ....................................................18
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................20
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................10
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................49
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................31
Strength of investor protection* ............................................n/a
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Barbados
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
95
Belgium
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions).................................................10.6
GDP (US$ billions)...................................................470.4
GDP per capita (US$) ...........................................43,533
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.55
Belgium
40,000
Advanced economies
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
96
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Infrastructure
Business
sophistication
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Belgium
Innovation-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................26
Intellectual property protection ...............................................23
Diversion of public funds.........................................................31
Public trust of politicians .........................................................48
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................25
Judicial independence .............................................................28
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................27
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................47
Burden of government regulation .........................................121
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................52
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........44
Transparency of government policymaking.............................62
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................47
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................26
Organized crime ......................................................................25
Reliability of police services ....................................................28
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................21
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................23
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................27
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................29
Strength of investor protection* .............................................16
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Belgium
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
97
Benin
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions)...................................................8.9
GDP (US$ billions).......................................................6.7
GDP per capita (US$) ................................................711
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.02
Benin
3,000
Sub-Saharan Africa
2,000
1,000
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
98
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Benin
Factor-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................55
Intellectual property protection ...............................................91
Diversion of public funds.......................................................117
Public trust of politicians .........................................................80
Irregular payments and bribes...............................................125
Judicial independence .............................................................90
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................75
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................40
Burden of government regulation ...........................................34
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................66
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........75
Transparency of government policymaking.............................44
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................78
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................99
Organized crime ....................................................................128
Reliability of police services ....................................................55
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................96
Strength of auditing and reporting standards........................127
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................37
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................67
Strength of investor protection* ...........................................123
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Benin
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
99
Bolivia
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions)...................................................9.9
GDP (US$ billions).....................................................17.6
GDP per capita (US$) .............................................1,724
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.07
Bolivia
12,000
Western Hemisphere
9,000
6,000
3,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
100
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Bolivia
Factor-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.......................................................................137
Intellectual property protection .............................................139
Diversion of public funds.......................................................119
Public trust of politicians .......................................................109
Irregular payments and bribes...............................................120
Judicial independence ...........................................................129
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ....................128
Wastefulness of government spending ................................107
Burden of government regulation ...........................................74
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ................136
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ......135
Transparency of government policymaking...........................132
Business costs of terrorism ..................................................104
Business costs of crime and violence...................................110
Organized crime ....................................................................117
Reliability of police services ..................................................138
Ethical behavior of firms........................................................124
Strength of auditing and reporting standards........................125
Efficacy of corporate boards .................................................129
Protection of minority shareholders interests ......................135
Strength of investor protection* ...........................................109
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Bolivia
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
101
16,000
12,000
8,000
4,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
102
Transition
23
2
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Efficiency-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.......................................................................133
Intellectual property protection .............................................133
Diversion of public funds.........................................................64
Public trust of politicians .......................................................100
Irregular payments and bribes...............................................100
Judicial independence ...........................................................122
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................96
Wastefulness of government spending ................................122
Burden of government regulation .........................................107
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ................137
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ......136
Transparency of government policymaking...........................139
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................18
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................64
Organized crime ......................................................................94
Reliability of police services ....................................................73
Ethical behavior of firms........................................................139
Strength of auditing and reporting standards........................131
Efficacy of corporate boards .................................................122
Protection of minority shareholders interests ......................139
Strength of investor protection* .............................................77
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
103
Botswana
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions)...................................................2.0
GDP (US$ billions).....................................................11.6
GDP per capita (US$) .............................................6,407
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.04
Botswana
16,000
Sub-Saharan Africa
12,000
8,000
4,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
104
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Botswana
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................35
Intellectual property protection ...............................................45
Diversion of public funds.........................................................33
Public trust of politicians .........................................................21
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................38
Judicial independence .............................................................30
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................22
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................15
Burden of government regulation ...........................................44
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................32
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........26
Transparency of government policymaking.............................26
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................46
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................83
Organized crime ......................................................................52
Reliability of police services ....................................................43
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................36
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................51
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................65
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................37
Strength of investor protection* .............................................33
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Botswana
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
105
Brazil
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions)...............................................193.7
GDP (US$ billions)................................................1,574.0
GDP per capita (US$) .............................................8,220
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................2.87
Brazil
12,000
Western Hemisphere
9,000
6,000
3,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
106
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Infrastructure
Business
sophistication
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Brazil
Efficiency-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................72
Intellectual property protection ...............................................89
Diversion of public funds.......................................................121
Public trust of politicians .......................................................127
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................71
Judicial independence .............................................................76
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................74
Wastefulness of government spending ................................136
Burden of government regulation .........................................139
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................83
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........71
Transparency of government policymaking.............................87
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................15
Business costs of crime and violence...................................123
Organized crime ....................................................................125
Reliability of police services ....................................................74
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................94
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................64
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................67
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................64
Strength of investor protection* .............................................59
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Brazil
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
107
Brunei Darussalam
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions)...................................................0.4
GDP (US$ billions).....................................................10.5
GDP per capita (US$) ...........................................26,325
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.03
Brunei Darussalam
80,000
Developing Asia
60,000
40,000
20,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
Efficiency
driven
108
Transition
23
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Infrastructure
6
5
Business
sophistication
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Brunei Darussalam
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................52
Intellectual property protection ...............................................55
Diversion of public funds.........................................................29
Public trust of politicians .........................................................18
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................34
Judicial independence .............................................................43
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................30
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................19
Burden of government regulation ...........................................33
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................36
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........59
Transparency of government policymaking.............................88
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................23
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................18
Organized crime ......................................................................22
Reliability of police services ....................................................36
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................32
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................53
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................46
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................39
Strength of investor protection* .............................................99
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Brunei Darussalam
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
109
Bulgaria
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions)...................................................7.5
GDP (US$ billions).....................................................47.1
GDP per capita (US$) .............................................6,223
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.13
Bulgaria
16,000
12,000
8,000
4,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
110
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Infrastructure
Business
sophistication
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Bulgaria
Efficiency-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.......................................................................121
Intellectual property protection .............................................112
Diversion of public funds.......................................................101
Public trust of politicians .......................................................104
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................94
Judicial independence ...........................................................101
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ....................111
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................90
Burden of government regulation ...........................................76
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ................125
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ......119
Transparency of government policymaking...........................130
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................92
Business costs of crime and violence...................................103
Organized crime ....................................................................124
Reliability of police services ..................................................111
Ethical behavior of firms........................................................110
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................91
Efficacy of corporate boards .................................................111
Protection of minority shareholders interests ......................124
Strength of investor protection* .............................................33
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Bulgaria
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
111
Burkina Faso
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions).................................................15.8
GDP (US$ billions).......................................................8.1
GDP per capita (US$) ................................................564
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.03
Burkina Faso
3,000
Sub-Saharan Africa
2,000
1,000
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
112
Transition
23
2
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Infrastructure
6
5
Business
sophistication
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Burkina Faso
Factor-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................78
Intellectual property protection ...............................................77
Diversion of public funds.......................................................115
Public trust of politicians .........................................................87
Irregular payments and bribes...............................................114
Judicial independence ...........................................................127
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................67
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................77
Burden of government regulation ...........................................65
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................69
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........92
Transparency of government policymaking.............................86
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................52
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................63
Organized crime ......................................................................81
Reliability of police services ....................................................85
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................97
Strength of auditing and reporting standards........................110
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................71
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................77
Strength of investor protection* ...........................................119
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Burkina Faso
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
113
Burundi
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions)...................................................8.3
GDP (US$ billions).......................................................1.3
GDP per capita (US$) ................................................163
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.01
Burundi
3,000
Sub-Saharan Africa
2,000
1,000
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
114
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Infrastructure
Business
sophistication
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Burundi
Factor-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.......................................................................127
Intellectual property protection .............................................138
Diversion of public funds.......................................................139
Public trust of politicians .......................................................123
Irregular payments and bribes...............................................135
Judicial independence ...........................................................136
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ....................113
Wastefulness of government spending ................................125
Burden of government regulation ...........................................75
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ................116
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ......128
Transparency of government policymaking...........................134
Business costs of terrorism ..................................................130
Business costs of crime and violence...................................129
Organized crime ....................................................................126
Reliability of police services ..................................................135
Ethical behavior of firms........................................................132
Strength of auditing and reporting standards........................139
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................69
Protection of minority shareholders interests ......................129
Strength of investor protection* ...........................................123
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Burundi
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
115
Cambodia
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions).................................................14.8
GDP (US$ billions).....................................................10.8
GDP per capita (US$) ................................................775
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.04
5,000
Cambodia
Developing Asia
4,000
3,000
2,000
1,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
116
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Infrastructure
Business
sophistication
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Cambodia
Factor-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.......................................................................110
Intellectual property protection ...............................................99
Diversion of public funds.........................................................87
Public trust of politicians .........................................................49
Irregular payments and bribes...............................................124
Judicial independence ...........................................................108
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................58
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................50
Burden of government regulation ...........................................64
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................72
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........61
Transparency of government policymaking...........................125
Business costs of terrorism ..................................................107
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................95
Organized crime ......................................................................90
Reliability of police services ..................................................115
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................85
Strength of auditing and reporting standards........................121
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................95
Protection of minority shareholders interests ......................103
Strength of investor protection* .............................................59
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Cambodia
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
117
Cameroon
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions).................................................19.5
GDP (US$ billions).....................................................22.2
GDP per capita (US$) .............................................1,115
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.06
Cameroon
3,000
Sub-Saharan Africa
2,000
1,000
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
118
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Infrastructure
Business
sophistication
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Cameroon
Factor-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................96
Intellectual property protection .............................................106
Diversion of public funds.......................................................124
Public trust of politicians .......................................................101
Irregular payments and bribes...............................................123
Judicial independence ...........................................................117
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................80
Wastefulness of government spending ................................100
Burden of government regulation .........................................101
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................90
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........97
Transparency of government policymaking...........................117
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................70
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................81
Organized crime ......................................................................80
Reliability of police services ..................................................103
Ethical behavior of firms........................................................121
Strength of auditing and reporting standards........................123
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................48
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................65
Strength of investor protection* .............................................99
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Cameroon
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
119
Canada
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions).................................................33.6
GDP (US$ billions)................................................1,336.4
GDP per capita (US$) ...........................................39,669
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................1.85
Canada
Advanced economies
50,000
40,000
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
120
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Infrastructure
Business
sophistication
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Canada
Innovation-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................10
Intellectual property protection ...............................................13
Diversion of public funds.........................................................16
Public trust of politicians .........................................................23
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................12
Judicial independence .............................................................11
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................20
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................32
Burden of government regulation ...........................................41
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................14
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........18
Transparency of government policymaking.............................11
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................96
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................49
Organized crime ......................................................................50
Reliability of police services ......................................................7
Ethical behavior of firms............................................................8
Strength of auditing and reporting standards............................6
Efficacy of corporate boards .....................................................4
Protection of minority shareholders interests ..........................8
Strength of investor protection* ...............................................5
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Canada
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
121
Cape Verde
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions)...................................................0.5
GDP (US$ billions).......................................................1.8
GDP per capita (US$) .............................................3,445
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.00
Cape Verde
4,000
Sub-Saharan Africa
3,000
2,000
1,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
122
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Infrastructure
Business
sophistication
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Cape Verde
Efficiency-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.......................................................................100
Intellectual property protection .............................................127
Diversion of public funds.........................................................39
Public trust of politicians .........................................................24
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................45
Judicial independence .............................................................58
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................43
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................43
Burden of government regulation ...........................................67
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................82
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........88
Transparency of government policymaking.............................50
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................72
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................96
Organized crime ......................................................................93
Reliability of police services ....................................................63
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................44
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................99
Efficacy of corporate boards .................................................116
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................75
Strength of investor protection* ...........................................109
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Cape Verde
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
123
Chad
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions).................................................11.2
GDP (US$ billions).......................................................6.9
GDP per capita (US$) ................................................687
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.02
Chad
3,000
Sub-Saharan Africa
2,000
1,000
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
124
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Infrastructure
Business
sophistication
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Chad
Factor-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.......................................................................136
Intellectual property protection .............................................131
Diversion of public funds.......................................................133
Public trust of politicians .......................................................117
Irregular payments and bribes...............................................138
Judicial independence ...........................................................116
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................97
Wastefulness of government spending ................................111
Burden of government regulation .........................................100
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ................119
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ......105
Transparency of government policymaking...........................138
Business costs of terrorism ..................................................114
Business costs of crime and violence...................................114
Organized crime ....................................................................129
Reliability of police services ..................................................131
Ethical behavior of firms........................................................128
Strength of auditing and reporting standards........................134
Efficacy of corporate boards .................................................132
Protection of minority shareholders interests ......................110
Strength of investor protection* ...........................................109
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Chad
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
125
Chile
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions).................................................17.0
GDP (US$ billions)...................................................161.8
GDP per capita (US$) .............................................9,525
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.35
Chile
16,000
Western Hemisphere
12,000
8,000
4,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
126
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Infrastructure
Business
sophistication
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Chile
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................37
Intellectual property protection ...............................................59
Diversion of public funds.........................................................35
Public trust of politicians .........................................................34
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................24
Judicial independence .............................................................25
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................21
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................26
Burden of government regulation ...........................................45
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................26
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........24
Transparency of government policymaking.............................10
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................21
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................78
Organized crime ......................................................................45
Reliability of police services ......................................................5
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................19
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................24
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................18
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................36
Strength of investor protection* .............................................33
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Chile
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
127
China
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions)............................................1,345.8
GDP (US$ billions)................................................4,909.0
GDP per capita (US$) .............................................3,678
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total ...............12.52
China
8,000
Developing Asia
6,000
4,000
2,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
128
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Infrastructure
Business
sophistication
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
China
Efficiency-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................38
Intellectual property protection ...............................................49
Diversion of public funds.........................................................55
Public trust of politicians .........................................................22
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................63
Judicial independence .............................................................62
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................37
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................35
Burden of government regulation ...........................................21
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................44
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........51
Transparency of government policymaking.............................38
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................79
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................47
Organized crime ......................................................................76
Reliability of police services ....................................................51
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................55
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................61
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................85
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................66
Strength of investor protection* .............................................77
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
China
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
129
Colombia
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions).................................................45.7
GDP (US$ billions)...................................................228.8
GDP per capita (US$) .............................................5,087
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.58
Colombia
12,000
Western Hemisphere
9,000
6,000
3,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
130
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Infrastructure
Business
sophistication
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Colombia
Efficiency-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................91
Intellectual property protection ...............................................93
Diversion of public funds.......................................................106
Public trust of politicians .........................................................97
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................90
Judicial independence .............................................................78
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ....................118
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................87
Burden of government regulation .........................................124
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................87
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........73
Transparency of government policymaking.............................60
Business costs of terrorism ..................................................139
Business costs of crime and violence...................................134
Organized crime ....................................................................137
Reliability of police services ....................................................64
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................63
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................89
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................60
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................90
Strength of investor protection* ...............................................5
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Colombia
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
131
Costa Rica
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions)...................................................4.6
GDP (US$ billions).....................................................29.3
GDP per capita (US$) .............................................6,345
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.07
Costa Rica
12,000
Western Hemisphere
9,000
6,000
3,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
132
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Infrastructure
Business
sophistication
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Costa Rica
Efficiency-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................67
Intellectual property protection ...............................................68
Diversion of public funds.........................................................49
Public trust of politicians .........................................................41
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................52
Judicial independence .............................................................26
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................39
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................46
Burden of government regulation ...........................................69
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................53
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........38
Transparency of government policymaking.............................56
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................40
Business costs of crime and violence...................................115
Organized crime ....................................................................101
Reliability of police services ....................................................49
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................35
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................62
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................40
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................59
Strength of investor protection* ...........................................127
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Costa Rica
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
133
Cte dIvoire
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions).................................................21.1
GDP (US$ billions).....................................................22.5
GDP per capita (US$) .............................................1,052
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.05
Cte dIvoire
3,000
Sub-Saharan Africa
2,000
1,000
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
134
Transition
23
2
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Infrastructure
6
5
Business
sophistication
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Cte dIvoire
Factor-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.......................................................................114
Intellectual property protection .............................................136
Diversion of public funds.......................................................132
Public trust of politicians .......................................................137
Irregular payments and bribes...............................................136
Judicial independence ...........................................................137
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ....................129
Wastefulness of government spending ................................132
Burden of government regulation .........................................103
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ................112
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ......117
Transparency of government policymaking...........................110
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................54
Business costs of crime and violence...................................128
Organized crime ....................................................................132
Reliability of police services ..................................................137
Ethical behavior of firms........................................................114
Strength of auditing and reporting standards........................118
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................22
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................99
Strength of investor protection* ...........................................123
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Cte dIvoire
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
135
Croatia
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions)...................................................4.4
GDP (US$ billions).....................................................63.2
GDP per capita (US$) ...........................................14,243
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.11
Croatia
20,000
15,000
10,000
5,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
136
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Infrastructure
Business
sophistication
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Croatia
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................87
Intellectual property protection ...............................................70
Diversion of public funds.........................................................90
Public trust of politicians .........................................................96
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................80
Judicial independence .............................................................97
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................93
Wastefulness of government spending ................................121
Burden of government regulation .........................................136
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ................126
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ......126
Transparency of government policymaking.............................71
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................14
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................40
Organized crime ......................................................................74
Reliability of police services ....................................................58
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................73
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................81
Efficacy of corporate boards .................................................131
Protection of minority shareholders interests ......................123
Strength of investor protection* ...........................................109
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Croatia
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
137
Cyprus
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions)...................................................0.9
GDP (US$ billions).....................................................23.6
GDP per capita (US$) ...........................................29,620
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.03
Cyprus
50,000
Advanced economies
40,000
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
138
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Infrastructure
Business
sophistication
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Cyprus
Innovation-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................27
Intellectual property protection ...............................................32
Diversion of public funds.........................................................32
Public trust of politicians .........................................................26
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................31
Judicial independence .............................................................22
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................40
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................29
Burden of government regulation ...........................................23
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................28
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........21
Transparency of government policymaking.............................31
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................53
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................25
Organized crime ......................................................................40
Reliability of police services ....................................................40
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................39
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................18
Efficacy of corporate boards .................................................108
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................21
Strength of investor protection* .............................................77
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Cyprus
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
139
Czech Republic
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions).................................................10.4
GDP (US$ billions)...................................................194.8
GDP per capita (US$) ...........................................18,557
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.37
Czech Republic
Advanced economies
50,000
40,000
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
140
Transition
23
2
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Infrastructure
Business
sophistication
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Czech Republic
Innovation-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................65
Intellectual property protection ...............................................52
Diversion of public funds.......................................................102
Public trust of politicians .......................................................121
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................67
Judicial independence .............................................................61
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ....................107
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................95
Burden of government regulation .........................................118
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................97
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........84
Transparency of government policymaking...........................102
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................24
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................35
Organized crime ......................................................................49
Reliability of police services ....................................................86
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................90
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................47
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................43
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................89
Strength of investor protection* .............................................77
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Czech Republic
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
141
Denmark
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions)...................................................5.5
GDP (US$ billions)...................................................309.3
GDP per capita (US$) ...........................................56,115
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.29
Denmark
50,000
Advanced economies
40,000
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
142
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Infrastructure
Business
sophistication
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Denmark
Innovation-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................11
Intellectual property protection ...............................................12
Diversion of public funds...........................................................4
Public trust of politicians .........................................................10
Irregular payments and bribes...................................................5
Judicial independence ...............................................................3
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ........................5
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................16
Burden of government regulation ...........................................26
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................13
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........11
Transparency of government policymaking...............................9
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................36
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................15
Organized crime ......................................................................12
Reliability of police services ....................................................10
Ethical behavior of firms............................................................5
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................19
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................13
Protection of minority shareholders interests ..........................9
Strength of investor protection* .............................................27
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Denmark
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
143
Dominican Republic
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions).................................................10.1
GDP (US$ billions).....................................................46.7
GDP per capita (US$) .............................................5,176
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.11
Dominican Republic
12,000
Western Hemisphere
9,000
6,000
3,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
Efficiency
driven
144
Transition
23
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Infrastructure
6
5
Business
sophistication
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Dominican Republic
Efficiency-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................86
Intellectual property protection .............................................104
Diversion of public funds.......................................................134
Public trust of politicians .......................................................126
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................96
Judicial independence .............................................................99
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ....................139
Wastefulness of government spending ................................138
Burden of government regulation ...........................................78
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................78
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ......120
Transparency of government policymaking.............................61
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................88
Business costs of crime and violence...................................125
Organized crime ....................................................................121
Reliability of police services ..................................................134
Ethical behavior of firms........................................................109
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................93
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................77
Protection of minority shareholders interests ......................109
Strength of investor protection* .............................................45
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Dominican Republic
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
145
Ecuador
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions).................................................13.6
GDP (US$ billions).....................................................57.3
GDP per capita (US$) .............................................4,059
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.16
Ecuador
12,000
Western Hemisphere
9,000
6,000
3,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
146
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Infrastructure
Business
sophistication
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Ecuador
Efficiency-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.......................................................................123
Intellectual property protection .............................................128
Diversion of public funds.......................................................130
Public trust of politicians .......................................................124
Irregular payments and bribes...............................................103
Judicial independence ...........................................................135
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ....................112
Wastefulness of government spending ................................133
Burden of government regulation ...........................................97
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ................135
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ......132
Transparency of government policymaking...........................112
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................98
Business costs of crime and violence...................................117
Organized crime ....................................................................113
Reliability of police services ..................................................120
Ethical behavior of firms........................................................113
Strength of auditing and reporting standards........................108
Efficacy of corporate boards .................................................103
Protection of minority shareholders interests ......................113
Strength of investor protection* ...........................................109
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Ecuador
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
147
Egypt
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions).................................................83.0
GDP (US$ billions)...................................................188.0
GDP per capita (US$) .............................................2,450
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.68
Egypt
12,000
9,000
6,000
3,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
148
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Egypt
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................56
Intellectual property protection ...............................................67
Diversion of public funds.........................................................83
Public trust of politicians .........................................................40
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................64
Judicial independence .............................................................63
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................95
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................51
Burden of government regulation ...........................................79
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................40
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........69
Transparency of government policymaking.............................68
Business costs of terrorism ..................................................132
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................97
Organized crime ......................................................................14
Reliability of police services ....................................................81
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................59
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................58
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................82
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................46
Strength of investor protection* .............................................59
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Egypt
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
149
El Salvador
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions)...................................................6.2
GDP (US$ billions).....................................................21.1
GDP per capita (US$) .............................................3,623
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.06
El Salvador
12,000
Western Hemisphere
9,000
6,000
3,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
150
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Infrastructure
Business
sophistication
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
El Salvador
Efficiency-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................82
Intellectual property protection ...............................................96
Diversion of public funds.........................................................74
Public trust of politicians .........................................................98
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................74
Judicial independence ...........................................................100
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ....................108
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................69
Burden of government regulation ...........................................55
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ................101
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ......101
Transparency of government policymaking.............................74
Business costs of terrorism ..................................................113
Business costs of crime and violence...................................138
Organized crime ....................................................................139
Reliability of police services ....................................................99
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................62
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................63
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................25
Protection of minority shareholders interests ......................106
Strength of investor protection* .............................................99
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
El Salvador
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
151
Estonia
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions)...................................................1.3
GDP (US$ billions).....................................................19.1
GDP per capita (US$) ...........................................14,267
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.04
Estonia
30,000
20,000
10,000
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
152
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Infrastructure
Business
sophistication
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Estonia
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................33
Intellectual property protection ...............................................34
Diversion of public funds.........................................................37
Public trust of politicians .........................................................53
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................30
Judicial independence .............................................................24
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................36
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................49
Burden of government regulation .............................................7
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................41
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........40
Transparency of government policymaking.............................14
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................12
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................30
Organized crime ......................................................................19
Reliability of police services ....................................................33
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................33
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................26
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................66
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................54
Strength of investor protection* .............................................45
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Estonia
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
153
Ethiopia
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions).................................................82.8
GDP (US$ billions).....................................................32.3
GDP per capita (US$) ................................................390
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.11
Ethiopia
3,000
Sub-Saharan Africa
2,000
1,000
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
154
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Infrastructure
Business
sophistication
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Ethiopia
Factor-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................60
Intellectual property protection ...............................................71
Diversion of public funds.........................................................54
Public trust of politicians .........................................................56
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................88
Judicial independence .............................................................89
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................51
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................31
Burden of government regulation ...........................................27
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................67
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........70
Transparency of government policymaking...........................100
Business costs of terrorism ..................................................100
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................54
Organized crime ......................................................................51
Reliability of police services ....................................................59
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................65
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................90
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................80
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................28
Strength of investor protection* .............................................99
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Ethiopia
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
155
Finland
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions)...................................................5.3
GDP (US$ billions)...................................................238.1
GDP per capita (US$) ...........................................44,492
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.26
Finland
50,000
Advanced economies
40,000
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
156
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Infrastructure
Business
sophistication
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Finland
Innovation-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights...........................................................................2
Intellectual property protection .................................................2
Diversion of public funds...........................................................5
Public trust of politicians .........................................................13
Irregular payments and bribes...................................................4
Judicial independence ...............................................................6
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ........................9
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................14
Burden of government regulation ...........................................10
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ....................7
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ..........4
Transparency of government policymaking...............................8
Business costs of terrorism ......................................................8
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................10
Organized crime ........................................................................5
Reliability of police services ......................................................1
Ethical behavior of firms............................................................3
Strength of auditing and reporting standards............................5
Efficacy of corporate boards .....................................................9
Protection of minority shareholders interests ..........................2
Strength of investor protection* .............................................45
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Finland
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
157
France
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions).................................................62.3
GDP (US$ billions)................................................2,675.9
GDP per capita (US$) ...........................................42,747
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................3.03
France
50,000
Advanced economies
40,000
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
158
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Infrastructure
Business
sophistication
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
France
Innovation-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................16
Intellectual property protection .................................................6
Diversion of public funds.........................................................25
Public trust of politicians .........................................................31
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................29
Judicial independence .............................................................39
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................32
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................48
Burden of government regulation .........................................122
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................23
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........17
Transparency of government policymaking.............................28
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................74
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................42
Organized crime ......................................................................46
Reliability of police services ....................................................27
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................17
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................27
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................31
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................43
Strength of investor protection* .............................................59
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
France
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
159
Gambia, The
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions)...................................................1.7
GDP (US$ billions).......................................................0.7
GDP per capita (US$) ................................................440
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.00
The Gambia
Sub-Saharan Africa
3,000
2,000
1,000
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
160
Transition
23
2
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
The Gambia
Factor-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................39
Intellectual property protection ...............................................35
Diversion of public funds.........................................................40
Public trust of politicians .........................................................20
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................54
Judicial independence .............................................................50
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................18
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................10
Burden of government regulation .............................................5
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................25
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........36
Transparency of government policymaking.............................30
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................71
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................51
Organized crime ......................................................................47
Reliability of police services ....................................................38
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................43
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................41
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................38
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................22
Strength of investor protection* ...........................................133
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Gambia, The
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
161
Georgia
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions)...................................................4.3
GDP (US$ billions).....................................................10.7
GDP per capita (US$) .............................................2,448
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.03
Georgia
12,000
9,000
6,000
3,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
162
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Georgia
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.......................................................................120
Intellectual property protection ...............................................97
Diversion of public funds.........................................................46
Public trust of politicians .........................................................78
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................42
Judicial independence ...........................................................104
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................68
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................52
Burden of government regulation .............................................4
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................89
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........98
Transparency of government policymaking.............................33
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................61
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................41
Organized crime ......................................................................63
Reliability of police services ....................................................45
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................78
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................92
Efficacy of corporate boards .................................................109
Protection of minority shareholders interests ......................122
Strength of investor protection* .............................................33
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Georgia
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
163
Germany
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions).................................................82.2
GDP (US$ billions)................................................3,352.7
GDP per capita (US$) ...........................................40,875
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................4.03
Germany
50,000
Advanced economies
40,000
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
164
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Infrastructure
Business
sophistication
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Germany
Innovation-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights...........................................................................8
Intellectual property protection .................................................9
Diversion of public funds.........................................................14
Public trust of politicians .........................................................29
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................20
Judicial independence ...............................................................5
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................16
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................33
Burden of government regulation ...........................................92
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................15
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ..........8
Transparency of government policymaking.............................13
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................56
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................23
Organized crime ......................................................................28
Reliability of police services ....................................................12
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................13
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................21
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................15
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................13
Strength of investor protection* .............................................77
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Germany
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
165
Ghana
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions).................................................23.8
GDP (US$ billions).....................................................15.5
GDP per capita (US$) ................................................671
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.05
Ghana
3,000
Sub-Saharan Africa
2,000
1,000
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
166
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Ghana
Factor-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................76
Intellectual property protection ...............................................76
Diversion of public funds.........................................................68
Public trust of politicians .........................................................67
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................92
Judicial independence .............................................................68
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................79
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................67
Burden of government regulation ...........................................47
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................50
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........57
Transparency of government policymaking.............................99
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................60
Business costs of crime and violence...................................102
Organized crime ......................................................................70
Reliability of police services ....................................................70
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................66
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................73
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................53
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................49
Strength of investor protection* .............................................33
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Ghana
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
167
Greece
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions).................................................11.2
GDP (US$ billions)...................................................330.8
GDP per capita (US$) ...........................................29,635
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.49
Greece
50,000
Advanced economies
40,000
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
168
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Infrastructure
Business
sophistication
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Greece
Innovation-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................53
Intellectual property protection ...............................................50
Diversion of public funds.........................................................94
Public trust of politicians .........................................................93
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................89
Judicial independence .............................................................75
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ....................105
Wastefulness of government spending ................................128
Burden of government regulation .........................................129
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................98
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........94
Transparency of government policymaking.............................89
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................94
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................79
Organized crime ......................................................................56
Reliability of police services ....................................................92
Ethical behavior of firms........................................................106
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................71
Efficacy of corporate boards .................................................120
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................35
Strength of investor protection* ...........................................123
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Greece
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
169
Guatemala
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions).................................................14.0
GDP (US$ billions).....................................................37.3
GDP per capita (US$) .............................................2,662
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.10
Guatemala
12,000
Western Hemisphere
9,000
6,000
3,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
170
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Guatemala
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.......................................................................102
Intellectual property protection .............................................121
Diversion of public funds.......................................................128
Public trust of politicians .......................................................131
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................85
Judicial independence ...........................................................114
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ....................126
Wastefulness of government spending ................................129
Burden of government regulation ...........................................46
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ................105
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ......104
Transparency of government policymaking.............................46
Business costs of terrorism ..................................................123
Business costs of crime and violence...................................139
Organized crime ....................................................................138
Reliability of police services ..................................................133
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................75
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................84
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................29
Protection of minority shareholders interests ......................108
Strength of investor protection* ...........................................109
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Guatemala
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
171
Guyana
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions)...................................................0.8
GDP (US$ billions).......................................................2.0
GDP per capita (US$) .............................................2,629
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.01
Guyana
12,000
Western Hemisphere
9,000
6,000
3,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
172
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Guyana
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................95
Intellectual property protection ...............................................90
Diversion of public funds.........................................................80
Public trust of politicians .........................................................77
Irregular payments and bribes...............................................109
Judicial independence .............................................................86
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................99
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................61
Burden of government regulation ...........................................48
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ................109
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ......107
Transparency of government policymaking.............................84
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................82
Business costs of crime and violence...................................127
Organized crime ......................................................................96
Reliability of police services ..................................................114
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................83
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................88
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................72
Protection of minority shareholders interests ......................105
Strength of investor protection* .............................................59
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Guyana
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
173
Honduras
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions)...................................................7.5
GDP (US$ billions).....................................................14.3
GDP per capita (US$) .............................................1,823
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.05
Honduras
12,000
Western Hemisphere
9,000
6,000
3,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
174
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Honduras
Factor-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................93
Intellectual property protection ...............................................80
Diversion of public funds.......................................................110
Public trust of politicians .........................................................90
Irregular payments and bribes...............................................105
Judicial independence .............................................................96
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ....................119
Wastefulness of government spending ................................123
Burden of government regulation ...........................................35
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................95
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........76
Transparency of government policymaking.............................83
Business costs of terrorism ..................................................111
Business costs of crime and violence...................................133
Organized crime ....................................................................133
Reliability of police services ..................................................106
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................81
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................82
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................59
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................88
Strength of investor protection* ...........................................127
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Honduras
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
175
50000
Advanced economies
40000
30000
20000
10000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
176
Transition
23
2
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Infrastructure
Business
sophistication
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Innovation-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights...........................................................................4
Intellectual property protection ...............................................18
Diversion of public funds...........................................................8
Public trust of politicians .........................................................16
Irregular payments and bribes...................................................8
Judicial independence .............................................................15
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................25
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................11
Burden of government regulation .............................................2
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ....................3
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ..........2
Transparency of government policymaking...............................2
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................41
Business costs of crime and violence.......................................8
Organized crime ......................................................................29
Reliability of police services ......................................................4
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................15
Strength of auditing and reporting standards............................9
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................44
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................32
Strength of investor protection* ...............................................3
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
177
Hungary
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions).................................................10.0
GDP (US$ billions)...................................................129.4
GDP per capita (US$) ...........................................12,927
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.27
Hungary
20,000
15,000
10,000
5,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
178
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Hungary
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................66
Intellectual property protection ...............................................51
Diversion of public funds.......................................................100
Public trust of politicians .......................................................128
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................60
Judicial independence .............................................................59
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ....................109
Wastefulness of government spending ................................126
Burden of government regulation .........................................134
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................92
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ......114
Transparency of government policymaking.............................94
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................22
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................61
Organized crime ......................................................................72
Reliability of police services ....................................................67
Ethical behavior of firms........................................................105
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................31
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................68
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................78
Strength of investor protection* .............................................99
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Hungary
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
179
Iceland
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions)...................................................0.3
GDP (US$ billions).....................................................12.1
GDP per capita (US$) ...........................................37,977
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.02
Iceland
50,000
Advanced economies
40,000
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
180
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Infrastructure
Business
sophistication
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Iceland
Innovation-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................32
Intellectual property protection ...............................................25
Diversion of public funds.........................................................19
Public trust of politicians .........................................................44
Irregular payments and bribes...................................................6
Judicial independence .............................................................16
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................29
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................24
Burden of government regulation ...........................................12
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................20
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........14
Transparency of government policymaking.............................16
Business costs of terrorism ......................................................3
Business costs of crime and violence.......................................7
Organized crime ........................................................................2
Reliability of police services ......................................................3
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................16
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................76
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................51
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................83
Strength of investor protection* .............................................59
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Iceland
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
181
India
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions)............................................1,198.0
GDP (US$ billions)................................................1,236.0
GDP per capita (US$) .............................................1,031
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................5.06
India
5,000
Developing Asia
4,000
3,000
2,000
1,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
182
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
India
Factor-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................61
Intellectual property protection ...............................................66
Diversion of public funds.........................................................71
Public trust of politicians .........................................................88
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................83
Judicial independence .............................................................41
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................72
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................57
Burden of government regulation ...........................................95
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................47
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........37
Transparency of government policymaking.............................42
Business costs of terrorism ..................................................127
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................67
Organized crime ......................................................................73
Reliability of police services ....................................................68
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................70
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................45
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................76
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................55
Strength of investor protection* .............................................33
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
India
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
183
Indonesia
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions)...............................................230.0
GDP (US$ billions)...................................................539.4
GDP per capita (US$) .............................................2,329
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................1.38
Indonesia
5,000
Developing Asia
4,000
3,000
2,000
1,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
184
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Indonesia
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................84
Intellectual property protection ...............................................58
Diversion of public funds.........................................................60
Public trust of politicians .........................................................51
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................95
Judicial independence .............................................................67
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................28
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................30
Burden of government regulation ...........................................36
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................60
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........55
Transparency of government policymaking.............................91
Business costs of terrorism ..................................................101
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................75
Organized crime ......................................................................98
Reliability of police services ....................................................80
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................99
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................78
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................54
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................48
Strength of investor protection* .............................................33
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Indonesia
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
185
12,000
9,000
6,000
3,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
186
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................70
Intellectual property protection .............................................114
Diversion of public funds.........................................................62
Public trust of politicians .........................................................39
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................69
Judicial independence .............................................................65
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................48
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................85
Burden of government regulation ...........................................99
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................79
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ......112
Transparency of government policymaking...........................124
Business costs of terrorism ..................................................119
Business costs of crime and violence...................................101
Organized crime ....................................................................102
Reliability of police services ....................................................53
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................84
Strength of auditing and reporting standards........................107
Efficacy of corporate boards .................................................101
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................98
Strength of investor protection* ...........................................127
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
187
Ireland
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions)...................................................4.5
GDP (US$ billions)...................................................227.8
GDP per capita (US$) ...........................................51,356
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.25
Ireland
50,000
Advanced economies
40,000
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
188
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Infrastructure
Business
sophistication
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Ireland
Innovation-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................13
Intellectual property protection ...............................................15
Diversion of public funds.........................................................21
Public trust of politicians .........................................................65
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................14
Judicial independence .............................................................10
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................41
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................93
Burden of government regulation ...........................................87
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................34
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........27
Transparency of government policymaking.............................25
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................29
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................28
Organized crime ......................................................................18
Reliability of police services ....................................................17
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................25
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................69
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................84
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................57
Strength of investor protection* ...............................................5
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Ireland
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
189
Israel
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions)...................................................7.2
GDP (US$ billions)...................................................194.8
GDP per capita (US$) ...........................................26,797
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.30
Israel
50,000
Advanced economies
40,000
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
190
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Infrastructure
Business
sophistication
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Israel
Innovation-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................49
Intellectual property protection ...............................................43
Diversion of public funds.........................................................24
Public trust of politicians .........................................................37
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................15
Judicial independence .............................................................14
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................34
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................44
Burden of government regulation ...........................................85
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................45
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........43
Transparency of government policymaking.............................90
Business costs of terrorism ..................................................105
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................44
Organized crime ......................................................................57
Reliability of police services ....................................................78
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................24
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................28
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................62
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................25
Strength of investor protection* ...............................................5
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Israel
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
191
Italy
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions).................................................59.9
GDP (US$ billions)................................................2,118.3
GDP per capita (US$) ...........................................35,435
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................2.51
50,000
Italy
Advanced economies
40,000
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
192
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Infrastructure
Business
sophistication
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Italy
Innovation-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................69
Intellectual property protection ...............................................61
Diversion of public funds.........................................................77
Public trust of politicians .......................................................110
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................73
Judicial independence .............................................................81
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ....................115
Wastefulness of government spending ................................108
Burden of government regulation .........................................133
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ................129
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ......122
Transparency of government policymaking...........................119
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................73
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................92
Organized crime ....................................................................130
Reliability of police services ....................................................44
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................82
Strength of auditing and reporting standards........................111
Efficacy of corporate boards .................................................126
Protection of minority shareholders interests ......................128
Strength of investor protection* .............................................45
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Italy
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
193
Jamaica
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions)...................................................2.7
GDP (US$ billions).....................................................11.9
GDP per capita (US$) .............................................4,390
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.03
Jamaica
12,000
Western Hemisphere
9,000
6,000
3,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
194
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Jamaica
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................73
Intellectual property protection ...............................................79
Diversion of public funds.........................................................78
Public trust of politicians .......................................................107
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................79
Judicial independence .............................................................51
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ....................116
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................98
Burden of government regulation .........................................112
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................85
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........81
Transparency of government policymaking.............................64
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................76
Business costs of crime and violence...................................136
Organized crime ....................................................................134
Reliability of police services ..................................................109
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................64
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................38
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................91
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................50
Strength of investor protection* .............................................59
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Jamaica
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
195
Japan
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions)...............................................127.2
GDP (US$ billions)................................................5,068.1
GDP per capita (US$) ...........................................39,731
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................6.00
Japan
50,000
Advanced economies
40,000
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
196
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Infrastructure
Business
sophistication
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Japan
Innovation-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................23
Intellectual property protection ...............................................21
Diversion of public funds.........................................................27
Public trust of politicians .........................................................58
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................11
Judicial independence .............................................................20
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................14
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................91
Burden of government regulation ...........................................70
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................27
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........33
Transparency of government policymaking.............................48
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................95
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................53
Organized crime ......................................................................71
Reliability of police services ....................................................22
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................18
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................33
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................19
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................27
Strength of investor protection* .............................................16
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Japan
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
197
Jordan
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions)...................................................6.3
GDP (US$ billions).....................................................22.9
GDP per capita (US$) .............................................3,829
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.05
Jordan
12,000
9,000
6,000
3,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
198
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Infrastructure
Business
sophistication
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Jordan
Efficiency-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................30
Intellectual property protection ...............................................38
Diversion of public funds.........................................................41
Public trust of politicians .........................................................43
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................47
Judicial independence .............................................................48
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................44
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................42
Burden of government regulation ...........................................50
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................39
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........50
Transparency of government policymaking.............................55
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................65
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................21
Organized crime ......................................................................13
Reliability of police services ....................................................24
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................48
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................36
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................81
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................30
Strength of investor protection* .............................................99
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Jordan
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
199
Kazakhstan
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions).................................................15.6
GDP (US$ billions)...................................................109.3
GDP per capita (US$) .............................................7,019
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.25
Kazakhstan
16,000
12,000
8,000
4,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
200
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Kazakhstan
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.......................................................................112
Intellectual property protection ...............................................98
Diversion of public funds.........................................................97
Public trust of politicians .........................................................47
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................93
Judicial independence ...........................................................109
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................81
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................55
Burden of government regulation ...........................................73
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................86
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........85
Transparency of government policymaking.............................75
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................81
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................72
Organized crime ......................................................................95
Reliability of police services ..................................................113
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................87
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................98
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................86
Protection of minority shareholders interests ......................116
Strength of investor protection* .............................................45
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Kazakhstan
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
201
Kenya
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions).................................................39.8
GDP (US$ billions).....................................................32.7
GDP per capita (US$) ................................................912
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.09
Kenya
3,000
Sub-Saharan Africa
2,000
1,000
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
202
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Kenya
Factor-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.......................................................................103
Intellectual property protection ...............................................94
Diversion of public funds.......................................................127
Public trust of politicians .......................................................129
Irregular payments and bribes...............................................134
Judicial independence ...........................................................121
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ....................121
Wastefulness of government spending ................................103
Burden of government regulation .........................................106
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ................100
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ......108
Transparency of government policymaking...........................109
Business costs of terrorism ..................................................133
Business costs of crime and violence...................................124
Organized crime ....................................................................123
Reliability of police services ..................................................117
Ethical behavior of firms........................................................117
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................66
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................92
Protection of minority shareholders interests ......................100
Strength of investor protection* .............................................77
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Kenya
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
203
Korea, Rep.
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions).................................................48.3
GDP (US$ billions)...................................................832.5
GDP per capita (US$) ...........................................17,074
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................1.94
Korea, Rep.
50,000
Advanced economies
40,000
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
204
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Infrastructure
Business
sophistication
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Korea, Rep.
Innovation-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................54
Intellectual property protection ...............................................44
Diversion of public funds.........................................................56
Public trust of politicians .......................................................105
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................51
Judicial independence .............................................................60
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................84
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................71
Burden of government regulation .........................................108
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................75
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........87
Transparency of government policymaking...........................111
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................91
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................80
Organized crime ......................................................................85
Reliability of police services ....................................................46
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................57
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................95
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................98
Protection of minority shareholders interests ......................102
Strength of investor protection* .............................................59
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Korea, Rep.
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
205
Kuwait
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions)...................................................3.0
GDP (US$ billions)...................................................111.3
GDP per capita (US$) ...........................................31,482
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.20
Kuwait
50,000
40,000
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
206
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Kuwait
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................46
Intellectual property protection ...............................................47
Diversion of public funds.........................................................57
Public trust of politicians .........................................................46
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................53
Judicial independence .............................................................36
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................47
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................66
Burden of government regulation .........................................117
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................38
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........41
Transparency of government policymaking...........................118
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................50
Business costs of crime and violence.......................................9
Organized crime ......................................................................27
Reliability of police services ....................................................39
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................51
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................65
Efficacy of corporate boards .................................................114
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................84
Strength of investor protection* .............................................27
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Kuwait
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
207
Kyrgyz Republic
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions)...................................................5.5
GDP (US$ billions).......................................................4.6
GDP per capita (US$) ................................................851
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.02
Kyrgyz Republic
12,000
9,000
6,000
3,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
208
Transition
23
2
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Kyrgyz Republic
Factor-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.......................................................................132
Intellectual property protection .............................................129
Diversion of public funds.......................................................120
Public trust of politicians .......................................................111
Irregular payments and bribes...............................................132
Judicial independence ...........................................................133
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................92
Wastefulness of government spending ................................113
Burden of government regulation ...........................................84
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ................127
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ......127
Transparency of government policymaking.............................95
Business costs of terrorism ..................................................116
Business costs of crime and violence...................................100
Organized crime ....................................................................108
Reliability of police services ..................................................130
Ethical behavior of firms........................................................135
Strength of auditing and reporting standards........................129
Efficacy of corporate boards .................................................121
Protection of minority shareholders interests ......................136
Strength of investor protection* .............................................12
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Kyrgyz Republic
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
209
Latvia
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions)...................................................2.2
GDP (US$ billions).....................................................26.2
GDP per capita (US$) ...........................................11,607
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.05
Latvia
20,000
15,000
10,000
5,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
210
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Infrastructure
Business
sophistication
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Latvia
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................71
Intellectual property protection ...............................................64
Diversion of public funds.........................................................79
Public trust of politicians .......................................................119
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................75
Judicial independence .............................................................71
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ....................104
Wastefulness of government spending ................................120
Burden of government regulation ...........................................88
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ................117
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ......118
Transparency of government policymaking.............................77
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................20
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................43
Organized crime ......................................................................37
Reliability of police services ....................................................75
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................95
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................79
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................89
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................93
Strength of investor protection* .............................................45
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Latvia
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
211
Lebanon
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions)...................................................4.2
GDP (US$ billions).....................................................33.6
GDP per capita (US$) .............................................8,707
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.08
Lebanon
16,000
12,000
8,000
4,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
212
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Lebanon
Efficiency-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................57
Intellectual property protection .............................................110
Diversion of public funds.......................................................116
Public trust of politicians .......................................................136
Irregular payments and bribes...............................................118
Judicial independence ...........................................................113
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ....................136
Wastefulness of government spending ................................130
Burden of government regulation ...........................................82
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ................107
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ......133
Transparency of government policymaking...........................104
Business costs of terrorism ..................................................136
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................62
Organized crime ......................................................................59
Reliability of police services ..................................................108
Ethical behavior of firms........................................................123
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................80
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................96
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................72
Strength of investor protection* .............................................77
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Lebanon
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
213
Lesotho
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions)...................................................2.1
GDP (US$ billions).......................................................1.6
GDP per capita (US$) ................................................642
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.01
Lesotho
3,000
Sub-Saharan Africa
2,000
1,000
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
214
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Lesotho
Factor-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.......................................................................101
Intellectual property protection ...............................................92
Diversion of public funds.........................................................73
Public trust of politicians .........................................................71
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................98
Judicial independence .............................................................91
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................90
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................78
Burden of government regulation ...........................................62
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ................110
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ......124
Transparency of government policymaking...........................122
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................90
Business costs of crime and violence...................................111
Organized crime ......................................................................91
Reliability of police services ..................................................102
Ethical behavior of firms........................................................119
Strength of auditing and reporting standards........................114
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................70
Protection of minority shareholders interests ......................114
Strength of investor protection* ...........................................119
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Lesotho
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
215
Libya
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions)...................................................6.4
GDP (US$ billions).....................................................60.4
GDP per capita (US$) .............................................9,529
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.13
Libya
16,000
12,000
8,000
4,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
216
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Libya
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.......................................................................111
Intellectual property protection .............................................102
Diversion of public funds.......................................................123
Public trust of politicians .........................................................73
Irregular payments and bribes...............................................126
Judicial independence .............................................................95
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ....................122
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................65
Burden of government regulation .........................................109
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................70
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........68
Transparency of government policymaking...........................135
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................39
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................24
Organized crime ......................................................................48
Reliability of police services ..................................................100
Ethical behavior of firms........................................................137
Strength of auditing and reporting standards........................135
Efficacy of corporate boards .................................................139
Protection of minority shareholders interests ......................118
Strength of investor protection* ............................................n/a
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Libya
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
217
Lithuania
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions)...................................................3.3
GDP (US$ billions).....................................................37.3
GDP per capita (US$) ...........................................11,172
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.08
Lithuania
20,000
15,000
10,000
5,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
218
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Infrastructure
Business
sophistication
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Lithuania
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................68
Intellectual property protection ...............................................69
Diversion of public funds.........................................................70
Public trust of politicians .......................................................108
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................50
Judicial independence .............................................................73
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................54
Wastefulness of government spending ................................117
Burden of government regulation .........................................115
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................77
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........91
Transparency of government policymaking.............................45
Business costs of terrorism ......................................................5
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................37
Organized crime ......................................................................38
Reliability of police services ....................................................76
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................69
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................43
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................35
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................85
Strength of investor protection* .............................................77
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Lithuania
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
219
Luxembourg
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions)...................................................0.5
GDP (US$ billions).....................................................51.7
GDP per capita (US$) .........................................104,512
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.06
Luxembourg
80,000
Advanced economies
60,000
40,000
20,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
220
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Infrastructure
Business
sophistication
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Luxembourg
Innovation-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights...........................................................................6
Intellectual property protection .................................................5
Diversion of public funds...........................................................6
Public trust of politicians ...........................................................4
Irregular payments and bribes...................................................9
Judicial independence .............................................................17
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................11
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................13
Burden of government regulation ...........................................22
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................11
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ..........3
Transparency of government policymaking...............................4
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................35
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................13
Organized crime ........................................................................3
Reliability of police services ....................................................16
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................12
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................16
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................11
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................23
Strength of investor protection* .............................................99
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Luxembourg
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
221
Macedonia, FYR
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions)...................................................2.0
GDP (US$ billions).......................................................9.2
GDP per capita (US$) .............................................4,482
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.03
Macedonia, FYR
16,000
12,000
8,000
4,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
222
Transition
23
2
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Macedonia, FYR
Efficiency-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.......................................................................105
Intellectual property protection ...............................................87
Diversion of public funds.........................................................59
Public trust of politicians .........................................................68
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................56
Judicial independence ...........................................................103
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................71
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................86
Burden of government regulation ...........................................90
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................99
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ......110
Transparency of government policymaking.............................80
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................66
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................66
Organized crime ......................................................................92
Reliability of police services ....................................................69
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................77
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................70
Efficacy of corporate boards .................................................106
Protection of minority shareholders interests ......................112
Strength of investor protection* .............................................20
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Macedonia, FYR
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
223
Madagascar
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions).................................................19.6
GDP (US$ billions).......................................................8.6
GDP per capita (US$) ................................................412
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.03
Madagascar
3,000
Sub-Saharan Africa
2,000
1,000
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
224
Transition
23
2
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Madagascar
Factor-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.......................................................................126
Intellectual property protection .............................................134
Diversion of public funds.......................................................111
Public trust of politicians .......................................................135
Irregular payments and bribes...............................................113
Judicial independence ...........................................................126
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ....................100
Wastefulness of government spending ................................109
Burden of government regulation ...........................................93
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ................121
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ......106
Transparency of government policymaking...........................128
Business costs of terrorism ..................................................122
Business costs of crime and violence...................................122
Organized crime ....................................................................110
Reliability of police services ..................................................127
Ethical behavior of firms........................................................126
Strength of auditing and reporting standards........................136
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................97
Protection of minority shareholders interests ......................120
Strength of investor protection* .............................................45
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Madagascar
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
225
Malawi
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions).................................................15.3
GDP (US$ billions).......................................................4.6
GDP per capita (US$) ................................................328
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.02
Malawi
3,000
Sub-Saharan Africa
2,000
1,000
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
226
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Infrastructure
Business
sophistication
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Malawi
Factor-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................77
Intellectual property protection ...............................................56
Diversion of public funds.........................................................53
Public trust of politicians .........................................................61
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................59
Judicial independence .............................................................47
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................53
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................34
Burden of government regulation ...........................................37
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................56
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........52
Transparency of government policymaking.............................57
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................45
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................91
Organized crime ......................................................................44
Reliability of police services ....................................................52
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................53
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................50
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................57
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................61
Strength of investor protection* .............................................59
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Malawi
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
227
Malaysia
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions).................................................27.5
GDP (US$ billions)...................................................191.5
GDP per capita (US$) .............................................6,897
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.54
Malaysia
16,000
Developing Asia
12,000
8,000
4,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
228
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Malaysia
Efficiency-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................41
Intellectual property protection ...............................................33
Diversion of public funds.........................................................47
Public trust of politicians .........................................................35
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................55
Judicial independence .............................................................52
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................38
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................25
Burden of government regulation ...........................................17
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................30
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........30
Transparency of government policymaking.............................37
Business costs of terrorism ..................................................103
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................93
Organized crime ......................................................................77
Reliability of police services ....................................................50
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................42
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................32
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................17
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................26
Strength of investor protection* ...............................................4
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Malaysia
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
229
Mali
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions).................................................13.0
GDP (US$ billions).......................................................9.0
GDP per capita (US$) ................................................656
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.02
Mali
3,000
Sub-Saharan Africa
2,000
1,000
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
230
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Infrastructure
Business
sophistication
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Mali
Factor-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.......................................................................109
Intellectual property protection .............................................108
Diversion of public funds.......................................................108
Public trust of politicians .........................................................95
Irregular payments and bribes...............................................139
Judicial independence ...........................................................110
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ....................114
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................94
Burden of government regulation ...........................................54
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................80
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........67
Transparency of government policymaking.............................78
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................83
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................58
Organized crime ......................................................................78
Reliability of police services ..................................................110
Ethical behavior of firms........................................................111
Strength of auditing and reporting standards........................126
Efficacy of corporate boards .................................................124
Protection of minority shareholders interests ......................101
Strength of investor protection* ...........................................119
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Mali
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
231
Malta
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions)...................................................0.4
GDP (US$ billions).......................................................8.0
GDP per capita (US$) ...........................................19,111
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.01
Malta
50,000
Advanced economies
40,000
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
232
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Infrastructure
Business
sophistication
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Malta
Innovation-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................34
Intellectual property protection ...............................................36
Diversion of public funds.........................................................38
Public trust of politicians .........................................................33
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................48
Judicial independence .............................................................33
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................46
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................37
Burden of government regulation ...........................................96
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................43
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........49
Transparency of government policymaking.............................51
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................16
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................11
Organized crime ........................................................................8
Reliability of police services ....................................................35
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................40
Strength of auditing and reporting standards............................8
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................58
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................10
Strength of investor protection* ............................................n/a
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Malta
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
233
Mauritania
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions)...................................................3.3
GDP (US$ billions).......................................................3.0
GDP per capita (US$) ................................................975
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.01
Mauritania
10,000
8,000
6,000
4,000
2,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
234
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Mauritania
Factor-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.......................................................................108
Intellectual property protection .............................................125
Diversion of public funds.......................................................105
Public trust of politicians .......................................................112
Irregular payments and bribes...............................................133
Judicial independence ...........................................................128
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ....................101
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................70
Burden of government regulation .............................................9
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................84
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........83
Transparency of government policymaking.............................92
Business costs of terrorism ..................................................129
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................68
Organized crime ......................................................................65
Reliability of police services ..................................................129
Ethical behavior of firms........................................................131
Strength of auditing and reporting standards........................138
Efficacy of corporate boards .................................................138
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................71
Strength of investor protection* ...........................................119
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Mauritania
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
235
Mauritius
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions)...................................................1.3
GDP (US$ billions).......................................................8.8
GDP per capita (US$) .............................................6,838
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.02
Mauritius
16,000
Sub-Saharan Africa
12,000
8,000
4,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
236
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Mauritius
Efficiency-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................36
Intellectual property protection ...............................................54
Diversion of public funds.........................................................48
Public trust of politicians .........................................................60
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................46
Judicial independence .............................................................38
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................62
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................36
Burden of government regulation ...........................................29
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................29
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........28
Transparency of government policymaking.............................24
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................49
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................69
Organized crime ......................................................................34
Reliability of police services ....................................................65
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................46
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................29
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................42
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................16
Strength of investor protection* .............................................12
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Mauritius
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
237
Mexico
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions)...............................................109.6
GDP (US$ billions)...................................................874.9
GDP per capita (US$) .............................................8,135
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................2.09
Mexico
16,000
Western Hemisphere
12,000
8,000
4,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
238
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Mexico
Efficiency-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................88
Intellectual property protection ...............................................85
Diversion of public funds.........................................................98
Public trust of politicians .........................................................94
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................91
Judicial independence .............................................................92
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................83
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................81
Burden of government regulation .........................................116
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ................102
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........77
Transparency of government policymaking.............................79
Business costs of terrorism ..................................................112
Business costs of crime and violence...................................132
Organized crime ....................................................................136
Reliability of police services ..................................................132
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................93
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................68
Efficacy of corporate boards .................................................112
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................81
Strength of investor protection* .............................................33
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Mexico
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
239
Moldova
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions)...................................................3.6
GDP (US$ billions).......................................................5.4
GDP per capita (US$) .............................................1,514
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.01
Moldova
12,000
9,000
6,000
3,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
240
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Moldova
Factor-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.......................................................................119
Intellectual property protection .............................................118
Diversion of public funds.........................................................96
Public trust of politicians .........................................................76
Irregular payments and bribes...............................................102
Judicial independence ...........................................................130
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................94
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................89
Burden of government regulation .........................................104
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ................111
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........99
Transparency of government policymaking.............................67
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................48
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................60
Organized crime ......................................................................68
Reliability of police services ..................................................116
Ethical behavior of firms........................................................107
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................96
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................79
Protection of minority shareholders interests ......................111
Strength of investor protection* .............................................93
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Moldova
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
241
Mongolia
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions)...................................................2.7
GDP (US$ billions).......................................................4.2
GDP per capita (US$) .............................................1,560
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.01
Mongolia
12,000
9,000
6,000
3,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
242
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Mongolia
Factor-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.......................................................................115
Intellectual property protection .............................................130
Diversion of public funds.......................................................125
Public trust of politicians .......................................................118
Irregular payments and bribes...............................................119
Judicial independence ...........................................................120
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ....................134
Wastefulness of government spending ................................139
Burden of government regulation .........................................113
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ................124
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ......113
Transparency of government policymaking...........................120
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................19
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................73
Organized crime ......................................................................84
Reliability of police services ....................................................96
Ethical behavior of firms........................................................133
Strength of auditing and reporting standards........................117
Efficacy of corporate boards .................................................128
Protection of minority shareholders interests ......................134
Strength of investor protection* .............................................27
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Mongolia
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
243
Montenegro
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions)...................................................0.6
GDP (US$ billions).......................................................4.1
GDP per capita (US$) .............................................7,300
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.01
Montenegro
16,000
12,000
8,000
4,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
244
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Montenegro
Efficiency-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................48
Intellectual property protection ...............................................62
Diversion of public funds.........................................................42
Public trust of politicians .........................................................38
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................58
Judicial independence .............................................................57
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................33
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................23
Burden of government regulation ...........................................31
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................48
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........39
Transparency of government policymaking.............................36
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................13
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................20
Organized crime ......................................................................53
Reliability of police services ....................................................47
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................52
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................85
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................75
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................87
Strength of investor protection* .............................................27
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Montenegro
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
245
Morocco
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions).................................................32.0
GDP (US$ billions).....................................................90.8
GDP per capita (US$) .............................................2,865
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.21
Morocco
12,000
9,000
6,000
3,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
246
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Morocco
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................63
Intellectual property protection ...............................................72
Diversion of public funds.........................................................63
Public trust of politicians .........................................................59
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................82
Judicial independence .............................................................79
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................52
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................74
Burden of government regulation ...........................................61
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................57
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........53
Transparency of government policymaking.............................76
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................84
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................57
Organized crime ......................................................................58
Reliability of police services ....................................................62
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................76
Strength of auditing and reporting standards........................100
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................64
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................58
Strength of investor protection* ...........................................127
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Morocco
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
247
Mozambique
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions).................................................22.9
GDP (US$ billions).......................................................9.8
GDP per capita (US$) ................................................465
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.03
Mozambique
3,000
Sub-Saharan Africa
2,000
1,000
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
248
Transition
23
2
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Mozambique
Factor-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.......................................................................117
Intellectual property protection .............................................124
Diversion of public funds.......................................................114
Public trust of politicians .........................................................64
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................84
Judicial independence ...........................................................105
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................70
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................80
Burden of government regulation ...........................................57
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................76
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........78
Transparency of government policymaking.............................66
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................97
Business costs of crime and violence...................................106
Organized crime ....................................................................122
Reliability of police services ....................................................90
Ethical behavior of firms........................................................108
Strength of auditing and reporting standards........................103
Efficacy of corporate boards .................................................125
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................92
Strength of investor protection* .............................................33
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Mozambique
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
249
Namibia
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions)...................................................2.2
GDP (US$ billions).......................................................9.5
GDP per capita (US$) .............................................4,543
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.02
Namibia
8,000
Sub-Saharan Africa
6,000
4,000
2,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
250
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Namibia
Efficiency-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................20
Intellectual property protection ...............................................31
Diversion of public funds.........................................................44
Public trust of politicians .........................................................30
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................44
Judicial independence .............................................................23
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................45
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................27
Burden of government regulation ...........................................38
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................24
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........15
Transparency of government policymaking.............................39
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................37
Business costs of crime and violence...................................107
Organized crime ......................................................................75
Reliability of police services ....................................................54
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................45
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................11
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................21
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................14
Strength of investor protection* .............................................59
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Namibia
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
251
Nepal
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions).................................................29.3
GDP (US$ billions).....................................................12.6
GDP per capita (US$) ................................................452
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.05
Nepal
5,000
Developing Asia
4,000
3,000
2,000
1,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
252
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Nepal
Factor-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.......................................................................125
Intellectual property protection .............................................116
Diversion of public funds.......................................................112
Public trust of politicians .......................................................130
Irregular payments and bribes...............................................130
Judicial independence .............................................................93
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................66
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................99
Burden of government regulation .........................................114
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ................128
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ......123
Transparency of government policymaking.............................98
Business costs of terrorism ..................................................137
Business costs of crime and violence...................................130
Organized crime ....................................................................131
Reliability of police services ..................................................124
Ethical behavior of firms........................................................134
Strength of auditing and reporting standards........................106
Efficacy of corporate boards .................................................119
Protection of minority shareholders interests ......................126
Strength of investor protection* .............................................59
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Nepal
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
253
Netherlands
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions).................................................16.6
GDP (US$ billions)...................................................794.8
GDP per capita (US$) ...........................................48,223
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.95
Netherlands
50,000
Advanced economies
40,000
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
254
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Infrastructure
Business
sophistication
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Netherlands
Innovation-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................15
Intellectual property protection ...............................................10
Diversion of public funds.........................................................10
Public trust of politicians .........................................................14
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................13
Judicial independence .............................................................12
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ........................6
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................17
Burden of government regulation ...........................................77
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ....................9
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........12
Transparency of government policymaking.............................18
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................75
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................59
Organized crime ......................................................................41
Reliability of police services ....................................................15
Ethical behavior of firms............................................................9
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................15
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................12
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................18
Strength of investor protection* .............................................93
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Netherlands
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
255
New Zealand
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions)...................................................4.3
GDP (US$ billions)...................................................117.8
GDP per capita (US$) ...........................................27,259
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.17
New Zealand
40,000
Advanced economies
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
256
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Infrastructure
Business
sophistication
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
New Zealand
Innovation-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................18
Intellectual property protection .................................................7
Diversion of public funds...........................................................1
Public trust of politicians ...........................................................5
Irregular payments and bribes...................................................1
Judicial independence ...............................................................1
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ........................2
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................22
Burden of government regulation ...........................................25
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ....................5
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ..........7
Transparency of government policymaking...............................3
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................67
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................34
Organized crime ......................................................................21
Reliability of police services ....................................................13
Ethical behavior of firms............................................................2
Strength of auditing and reporting standards............................3
Efficacy of corporate boards .....................................................8
Protection of minority shareholders interests ..........................5
Strength of investor protection* ...............................................1
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
New Zealand
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
257
Nicaragua
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions)...................................................5.7
GDP (US$ billions).......................................................6.2
GDP per capita (US$) ................................................972
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.02
Nicaragua
12,000
Western Hemisphere
9,000
6,000
3,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
258
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Nicaragua
Factor-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.......................................................................124
Intellectual property protection .............................................115
Diversion of public funds.......................................................118
Public trust of politicians .......................................................113
Irregular payments and bribes...............................................108
Judicial independence ...........................................................132
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ....................130
Wastefulness of government spending ................................105
Burden of government regulation ...........................................63
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ................131
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ......134
Transparency of government policymaking...........................116
Business costs of terrorism ..................................................118
Business costs of crime and violence...................................105
Organized crime ....................................................................105
Reliability of police services ..................................................101
Ethical behavior of firms........................................................122
Strength of auditing and reporting standards........................102
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................99
Protection of minority shareholders interests ......................127
Strength of investor protection* .............................................77
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Nicaragua
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
259
Nigeria
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions)...............................................154.7
GDP (US$ billions)...................................................173.4
GDP per capita (US$) .............................................1,142
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.48
Nigeria
3,000
Sub-Saharan Africa
2,000
1,000
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
260
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Nigeria
Factor-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.......................................................................118
Intellectual property protection ...............................................95
Diversion of public funds.......................................................126
Public trust of politicians .......................................................125
Irregular payments and bribes...............................................121
Judicial independence .............................................................80
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ....................124
Wastefulness of government spending ................................135
Burden of government regulation ...........................................86
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................68
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........80
Transparency of government policymaking...........................126
Business costs of terrorism ..................................................121
Business costs of crime and violence...................................120
Organized crime ....................................................................119
Reliability of police services ..................................................125
Ethical behavior of firms........................................................125
Strength of auditing and reporting standards........................130
Efficacy of corporate boards .................................................107
Protection of minority shareholders interests ......................117
Strength of investor protection* .............................................45
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Nigeria
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
261
Norway
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions)...................................................4.8
GDP (US$ billions)...................................................383.0
GDP per capita (US$) ...........................................79,085
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.37
Norway
60,000
Advanced economies
40,000
20,000
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
262
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Infrastructure
Business
sophistication
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Norway
Innovation-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights...........................................................................9
Intellectual property protection ...............................................16
Diversion of public funds...........................................................9
Public trust of politicians ...........................................................6
Irregular payments and bribes...................................................7
Judicial independence .............................................................13
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ........................7
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................20
Burden of government regulation ...........................................59
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ....................4
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ..........9
Transparency of government policymaking.............................12
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................25
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................14
Organized crime ......................................................................11
Reliability of police services ......................................................8
Ethical behavior of firms............................................................7
Strength of auditing and reporting standards............................7
Efficacy of corporate boards .....................................................6
Protection of minority shareholders interests ..........................3
Strength of investor protection* .............................................20
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Norway
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
263
Oman
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions)...................................................2.8
GDP (US$ billions).....................................................53.4
GDP per capita (US$) ...........................................18,013
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.10
Oman
30,000
20,000
10,000
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
264
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Infrastructure
Business
sophistication
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Oman
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................24
Intellectual property protection ...............................................20
Diversion of public funds.........................................................18
Public trust of politicians .........................................................11
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................22
Judicial independence .............................................................31
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................17
Wastefulness of government spending ....................................4
Burden of government regulation .............................................8
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................16
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........23
Transparency of government policymaking.............................32
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................11
Business costs of crime and violence.......................................2
Organized crime ......................................................................15
Reliability of police services ....................................................20
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................23
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................37
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................32
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................12
Strength of investor protection* .............................................77
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Oman
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
265
Pakistan
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions)...............................................180.8
GDP (US$ billions)...................................................166.5
GDP per capita (US$) .............................................1,017
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.63
Pakistan
5,000
Developing Asia
4,000
3,000
2,000
1,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
266
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Pakistan
Factor-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.......................................................................107
Intellectual property protection ...............................................86
Diversion of public funds.........................................................92
Public trust of politicians .........................................................91
Irregular payments and bribes...............................................117
Judicial independence .............................................................74
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................87
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................58
Burden of government regulation ...........................................72
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ................103
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........96
Transparency of government policymaking...........................115
Business costs of terrorism ..................................................138
Business costs of crime and violence...................................126
Organized crime ....................................................................127
Reliability of police services ..................................................119
Ethical behavior of firms........................................................100
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................97
Efficacy of corporate boards .................................................115
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................94
Strength of investor protection* .............................................27
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Pakistan
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
267
Panama
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions)...................................................3.5
GDP (US$ billions).....................................................24.7
GDP per capita (US$) .............................................7,133
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.06
Panama
12,000
Western Hemisphere
9,000
6,000
3,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
268
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Panama
Efficiency-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................51
Intellectual property protection ...............................................48
Diversion of public funds.........................................................75
Public trust of politicians .......................................................102
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................78
Judicial independence ...........................................................125
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ....................103
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................84
Burden of government regulation ...........................................40
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................91
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........86
Transparency of government policymaking.............................52
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................77
Business costs of crime and violence...................................112
Organized crime ....................................................................103
Reliability of police services ....................................................82
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................56
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................52
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................63
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................45
Strength of investor protection* .............................................93
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Panama
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
269
Paraguay
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions)...................................................6.3
GDP (US$ billions).....................................................14.7
GDP per capita (US$) .............................................2,337
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.04
Paraguay
12,000
Western Hemisphere
9,000
6,000
3,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
270
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Paraguay
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.......................................................................129
Intellectual property protection .............................................135
Diversion of public funds.......................................................138
Public trust of politicians .......................................................133
Irregular payments and bribes...............................................131
Judicial independence ...........................................................138
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ....................133
Wastefulness of government spending ................................127
Burden of government regulation ...........................................58
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ................134
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ......129
Transparency of government policymaking...........................108
Business costs of terrorism ..................................................108
Business costs of crime and violence...................................121
Organized crime ....................................................................120
Reliability of police services ..................................................136
Ethical behavior of firms........................................................136
Strength of auditing and reporting standards........................113
Efficacy of corporate boards .................................................127
Protection of minority shareholders interests ......................104
Strength of investor protection* .............................................45
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Paraguay
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
271
Peru
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions).................................................29.2
GDP (US$ billions)...................................................126.8
GDP per capita (US$) .............................................4,356
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.36
Peru
12,000
Western Hemisphere
9,000
6,000
3,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
272
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Peru
Efficiency-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................92
Intellectual property protection .............................................123
Diversion of public funds.........................................................86
Public trust of politicians .......................................................120
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................66
Judicial independence ...........................................................119
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................73
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................38
Burden of government regulation .........................................119
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ................108
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........93
Transparency of government policymaking.............................59
Business costs of terrorism ..................................................115
Business costs of crime and violence...................................119
Organized crime ....................................................................109
Reliability of police services ..................................................118
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................86
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................60
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................55
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................63
Strength of investor protection* .............................................20
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Peru
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
273
Philippines
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions).................................................92.0
GDP (US$ billions)...................................................161.0
GDP per capita (US$) .............................................1,746
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.47
Philippines
5,000
Developing Asia
4,000
3,000
2,000
1,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
274
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Philippines
Factor-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................99
Intellectual property protection .............................................103
Diversion of public funds.......................................................135
Public trust of politicians .......................................................134
Irregular payments and bribes...............................................128
Judicial independence ...........................................................111
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ....................131
Wastefulness of government spending ................................118
Burden of government regulation .........................................126
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ................122
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ......116
Transparency of government policymaking...........................123
Business costs of terrorism ..................................................126
Business costs of crime and violence...................................104
Organized crime ....................................................................106
Reliability of police services ..................................................105
Ethical behavior of firms........................................................129
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................75
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................56
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................80
Strength of investor protection* ...........................................109
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Philippines
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
275
Poland
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions).................................................38.1
GDP (US$ billions)...................................................430.2
GDP per capita (US$) ...........................................11,288
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.98
Poland
20,000
15,000
10,000
5,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
276
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Infrastructure
Business
sophistication
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Poland
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................59
Intellectual property protection ...............................................60
Diversion of public funds.........................................................43
Public trust of politicians .........................................................82
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................41
Judicial independence .............................................................53
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................49
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................76
Burden of government regulation .........................................111
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ................106
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........95
Transparency of government policymaking...........................113
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................59
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................50
Organized crime ......................................................................55
Reliability of police services ....................................................60
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................54
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................46
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................73
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................60
Strength of investor protection* .............................................33
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Poland
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
277
Portugal
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions).................................................10.7
GDP (US$ billions)...................................................227.9
GDP per capita (US$) ...........................................21,408
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.33
Portugal
40,000
Advanced economies
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
278
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Infrastructure
Business
sophistication
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Portugal
Innovation-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................42
Intellectual property protection ...............................................40
Diversion of public funds.........................................................45
Public trust of politicians .........................................................57
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................35
Judicial independence .............................................................55
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................63
Wastefulness of government spending ................................114
Burden of government regulation .........................................127
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ................123
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ......109
Transparency of government policymaking.............................72
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................33
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................33
Organized crime ......................................................................31
Reliability of police services ....................................................37
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................47
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................56
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................94
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................52
Strength of investor protection* .............................................33
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Portugal
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
279
Puerto Rico
Key indicators, 2009
Population (millions)...................................................4.0
GDP (US$ billions).....................................................62.8
GDP per capita (US$) ...........................................15,846
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total...................n/a
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
280
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Infrastructure
Business
sophistication
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Puerto Rico
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................12
Intellectual property protection .................................................8
Diversion of public funds.........................................................51
Public trust of politicians .........................................................79
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................43
Judicial independence .............................................................42
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................88
Wastefulness of government spending ................................102
Burden of government regulation .........................................138
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................31
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........31
Transparency of government policymaking.............................96
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................69
Business costs of crime and violence...................................108
Organized crime ......................................................................67
Reliability of police services ....................................................42
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................38
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................13
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................20
Protection of minority shareholders interests ..........................4
Strength of investor protection* .............................................16
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Puerto Rico
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
281
Qatar
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions)...................................................1.4
GDP (US$ billions).....................................................83.9
GDP per capita (US$) ...........................................68,872
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.15
Qatar
100,000
75,000
50,000
25,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
282
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Qatar
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................25
Intellectual property protection ...............................................28
Diversion of public funds.........................................................12
Public trust of politicians ...........................................................2
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................17
Judicial independence ...............................................................7
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ........................4
Wastefulness of government spending ....................................3
Burden of government regulation .............................................6
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ....................6
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........32
Transparency of government policymaking.............................15
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................38
Business costs of crime and violence.......................................3
Organized crime ......................................................................26
Reliability of police services ......................................................9
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................28
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................12
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................10
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................33
Strength of investor protection* .............................................77
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Qatar
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
283
Romania
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions).................................................21.3
GDP (US$ billions)...................................................161.5
GDP per capita (US$) .............................................7,542
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.36
Romania
16,000
12,000
8,000
4,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
284
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Romania
Efficiency-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................79
Intellectual property protection ...............................................81
Diversion of public funds.........................................................84
Public trust of politicians .......................................................116
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................57
Judicial independence .............................................................82
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ....................123
Wastefulness of government spending ................................110
Burden of government regulation ...........................................98
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ................115
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ......111
Transparency of government policymaking...........................137
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................27
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................32
Organized crime ......................................................................43
Reliability of police services ....................................................72
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................92
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................77
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................88
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................79
Strength of investor protection* .............................................33
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Romania
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
285
Russian Federation
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions)...............................................140.9
GDP (US$ billions)................................................1,229.2
GDP per capita (US$) .............................................8,694
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................3.05
Russian Federation
16,000
12,000
8,000
4,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
Efficiency
driven
286
Transition
23
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Russian Federation
Efficiency-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.......................................................................128
Intellectual property protection .............................................119
Diversion of public funds.......................................................109
Public trust of politicians .........................................................69
Irregular payments and bribes...............................................111
Judicial independence ...........................................................115
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ....................106
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................82
Burden of government regulation .........................................128
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ................114
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ......115
Transparency of government policymaking...........................105
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................93
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................90
Organized crime ....................................................................112
Reliability of police services ..................................................128
Ethical behavior of firms........................................................112
Strength of auditing and reporting standards........................116
Efficacy of corporate boards .................................................113
Protection of minority shareholders interests ......................132
Strength of investor protection* .............................................77
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Russian Federation
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
287
Rwanda
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions).................................................10.0
GDP (US$ billions).......................................................5.2
GDP per capita (US$) ................................................536
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.02
Rwanda
3,000
Sub-Saharan Africa
2,000
1,000
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
288
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Rwanda
Factor-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................44
Intellectual property protection ...............................................41
Diversion of public funds.........................................................15
Public trust of politicians ...........................................................8
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................27
Judicial independence .............................................................32
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ........................8
Wastefulness of government spending ....................................2
Burden of government regulation .............................................3
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................35
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........42
Transparency of government policymaking.............................22
Business costs of terrorism ......................................................2
Business costs of crime and violence.......................................6
Organized crime ........................................................................1
Reliability of police services ....................................................21
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................34
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................86
Efficacy of corporate boards .....................................................3
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................42
Strength of investor protection* .............................................27
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Rwanda
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
289
Saudi Arabia
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions).................................................25.7
GDP (US$ billions)...................................................369.7
GDP per capita (US$) ...........................................14,486
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.86
Saudi Arabia
30,000
20,000
10,000
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
290
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Saudi Arabia
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................28
Intellectual property protection ...............................................30
Diversion of public funds.........................................................28
Public trust of politicians ...........................................................9
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................26
Judicial independence .............................................................29
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................13
Wastefulness of government spending ....................................6
Burden of government regulation ...........................................18
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................37
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........29
Transparency of government policymaking.............................40
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................57
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................16
Organized crime ......................................................................16
Reliability of police services ....................................................30
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................31
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................35
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................26
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................19
Strength of investor protection* .............................................16
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Saudi Arabia
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
291
Senegal
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions).................................................12.5
GDP (US$ billions).....................................................12.7
GDP per capita (US$) ................................................994
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.03
Senegal
3,000
Sub-Saharan Africa
2,000
1,000
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
292
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Senegal
Factor-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................85
Intellectual property protection ...............................................82
Diversion of public funds.........................................................99
Public trust of politicians .......................................................106
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................86
Judicial independence .............................................................98
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................86
Wastefulness of government spending ................................104
Burden of government regulation ...........................................56
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................71
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........82
Transparency of government policymaking...........................103
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................31
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................29
Organized crime ......................................................................35
Reliability of police services ....................................................66
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................74
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................74
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................61
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................53
Strength of investor protection* ...........................................127
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Senegal
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
293
Serbia
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions)...................................................9.9
GDP (US$ billions).....................................................42.9
GDP per capita (US$) .............................................5,809
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.11
Serbia
16,000
12,000
8,000
4,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
294
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Serbia
Efficiency-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.......................................................................122
Intellectual property protection .............................................111
Diversion of public funds.........................................................95
Public trust of politicians .........................................................99
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................87
Judicial independence ...........................................................124
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ....................125
Wastefulness of government spending ................................124
Burden of government regulation .........................................131
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ................132
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ......125
Transparency of government policymaking.............................97
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................86
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................94
Organized crime ....................................................................111
Reliability of police services ....................................................97
Ethical behavior of firms........................................................120
Strength of auditing and reporting standards........................115
Efficacy of corporate boards .................................................134
Protection of minority shareholders interests ......................137
Strength of investor protection* .............................................59
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Serbia
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
295
Singapore
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions)...................................................4.7
GDP (US$ billions)...................................................177.1
GDP per capita (US$) ...........................................37,293
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.34
Singapore
60,000
Advanced economies
40,000
20,000
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
296
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Infrastructure
Business
sophistication
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Singapore
Innovation-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights...........................................................................3
Intellectual property protection .................................................3
Diversion of public funds...........................................................3
Public trust of politicians ...........................................................1
Irregular payments and bribes...................................................3
Judicial independence .............................................................21
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ........................3
Wastefulness of government spending ....................................1
Burden of government regulation .............................................1
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ....................1
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ..........6
Transparency of government policymaking...............................1
Business costs of terrorism ..................................................102
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................17
Organized crime ........................................................................4
Reliability of police services ......................................................2
Ethical behavior of firms............................................................4
Strength of auditing and reporting standards............................4
Efficacy of corporate boards .....................................................5
Protection of minority shareholders interests ..........................7
Strength of investor protection* ...............................................2
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Singapore
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
297
Slovak Republic
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions)...................................................5.4
GDP (US$ billions).....................................................88.2
GDP per capita (US$) ...........................................16,282
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.17
Slovak Republic
40,000
Advanced economies
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
298
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Infrastructure
Business
sophistication
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Slovak Republic
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................74
Intellectual property protection ...............................................57
Diversion of public funds.......................................................113
Public trust of politicians .......................................................132
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................72
Judicial independence ...........................................................106
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ....................138
Wastefulness of government spending ................................119
Burden of government regulation .........................................105
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ................133
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ......131
Transparency of government policymaking.............................82
Business costs of terrorism ......................................................4
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................48
Organized crime ......................................................................79
Reliability of police services ....................................................89
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................91
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................59
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................36
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................73
Strength of investor protection* .............................................93
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Slovak Republic
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
299
Slovenia
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions)...................................................2.0
GDP (US$ billions).....................................................49.2
GDP per capita (US$) ...........................................24,417
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.08
Slovenia
40,000
Advanced economies
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
300
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Infrastructure
Business
sophistication
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Slovenia
Innovation-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................58
Intellectual property protection ...............................................39
Diversion of public funds.........................................................52
Public trust of politicians .........................................................70
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................36
Judicial independence .............................................................56
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................69
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................92
Burden of government regulation ...........................................52
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................81
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........79
Transparency of government policymaking.............................23
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................10
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................19
Organized crime ......................................................................42
Reliability of police services ....................................................48
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................49
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................48
Efficacy of corporate boards .................................................118
Protection of minority shareholders interests ......................119
Strength of investor protection* .............................................20
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Slovenia
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
301
South Africa
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions).................................................50.1
GDP (US$ billions)...................................................287.2
GDP per capita (US$) .............................................5,824
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.70
South Africa
12,000
Sub-Saharan Africa
9,000
6,000
3,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
302
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
South Africa
Efficiency-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................29
Intellectual property protection ...............................................27
Diversion of public funds.........................................................82
Public trust of politicians .........................................................86
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................49
Judicial independence .............................................................44
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ....................102
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................60
Burden of government regulation ...........................................94
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................19
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........20
Transparency of government policymaking.............................27
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................42
Business costs of crime and violence...................................137
Organized crime ....................................................................114
Reliability of police services ..................................................104
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................50
Strength of auditing and reporting standards............................1
Efficacy of corporate boards .....................................................2
Protection of minority shareholders interests ..........................6
Strength of investor protection* .............................................10
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
South Africa
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
303
Spain
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions).................................................44.9
GDP (US$ billions)................................................1,464.0
GDP per capita (US$) ...........................................31,946
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................1.96
Spain
50,000
Advanced economies
40,000
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
304
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Infrastructure
Business
sophistication
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Spain
Innovation-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................45
Intellectual property protection ...............................................42
Diversion of public funds.........................................................50
Public trust of politicians .........................................................75
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................39
Judicial independence .............................................................66
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................57
Wastefulness of government spending ................................101
Burden of government regulation .........................................110
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................74
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........65
Transparency of government policymaking.............................70
Business costs of terrorism ..................................................117
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................52
Organized crime ......................................................................60
Reliability of police services ....................................................25
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................41
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................57
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................93
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................74
Strength of investor protection* .............................................77
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Spain
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
305
Sri Lanka
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions).................................................20.2
GDP (US$ billions).....................................................41.3
GDP per capita (US$) .............................................2,041
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.14
Sri Lanka
6,000
Developing Asia
4,000
2,000
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
306
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Sri Lanka
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................64
Intellectual property protection ...............................................46
Diversion of public funds.........................................................61
Public trust of politicians .........................................................74
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................62
Judicial independence .............................................................46
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................60
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................56
Burden of government regulation ...........................................68
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................42
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........47
Transparency of government policymaking...........................107
Business costs of terrorism ..................................................134
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................85
Organized crime ......................................................................89
Reliability of police services ....................................................91
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................60
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................40
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................34
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................47
Strength of investor protection* .............................................59
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Sri Lanka
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
307
Swaziland
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions)...................................................1.2
GDP (US$ billions).......................................................3.0
GDP per capita (US$) .............................................2,907
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.01
Swaziland
6,000
Sub-Saharan Africa
4,000
2,000
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
308
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Swaziland
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................47
Intellectual property protection ...............................................78
Diversion of public funds.........................................................91
Public trust of politicians .........................................................72
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................61
Judicial independence .............................................................72
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................85
Wastefulness of government spending ................................106
Burden of government regulation ...........................................71
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................49
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........60
Transparency of government policymaking.............................93
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................44
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................77
Organized crime ......................................................................54
Reliability of police services ....................................................61
Ethical behavior of firms........................................................102
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................44
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................87
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................69
Strength of investor protection* ...........................................136
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Swaziland
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
309
Sweden
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions)...................................................9.2
GDP (US$ billions)...................................................405.4
GDP per capita (US$) ...........................................43,986
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.48
Sweden
50,000
Advanced economies
40,000
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
310
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Infrastructure
Business
sophistication
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Sweden
Innovation-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights...........................................................................5
Intellectual property protection .................................................1
Diversion of public funds...........................................................2
Public trust of politicians ...........................................................3
Irregular payments and bribes...................................................2
Judicial independence ...............................................................2
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ........................1
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................12
Burden of government regulation ...........................................16
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ....................2
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ..........1
Transparency of government policymaking...............................6
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................30
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................27
Organized crime ........................................................................9
Reliability of police services ....................................................14
Ethical behavior of firms............................................................1
Strength of auditing and reporting standards............................2
Efficacy of corporate boards .....................................................1
Protection of minority shareholders interests ..........................1
Strength of investor protection* .............................................45
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Sweden
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
311
Switzerland
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions)...................................................7.6
GDP (US$ billions)...................................................494.6
GDP per capita (US$) ...........................................67,560
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.45
Switzerland
50,000
Advanced economies
40,000
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
312
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Infrastructure
Business
sophistication
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Switzerland
Innovation-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights...........................................................................1
Intellectual property protection .................................................4
Diversion of public funds...........................................................7
Public trust of politicians .........................................................12
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................10
Judicial independence ...............................................................4
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................10
Wastefulness of government spending ....................................9
Burden of government regulation ...........................................14
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................10
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ..........5
Transparency of government policymaking...............................5
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................26
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................12
Organized crime ......................................................................20
Reliability of police services ......................................................6
Ethical behavior of firms............................................................6
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................25
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................14
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................41
Strength of investor protection* ...........................................127
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Switzerland
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
313
Syria
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions).................................................21.9
GDP (US$ billions).....................................................52.5
GDP per capita (US$) .............................................2,579
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.14
Syria
12,000
9,000
6,000
3,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
314
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Syria
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................62
Intellectual property protection ...............................................75
Diversion of public funds.........................................................93
Public trust of politicians .........................................................50
Irregular payments and bribes...............................................116
Judicial independence ...........................................................107
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................91
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................73
Burden of government regulation .........................................130
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ................118
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ......121
Transparency of government policymaking...........................133
Business costs of terrorism ......................................................6
Business costs of crime and violence.......................................1
Organized crime ........................................................................6
Reliability of police services ....................................................94
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................80
Strength of auditing and reporting standards........................133
Efficacy of corporate boards .................................................117
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................56
Strength of investor protection* .............................................99
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Syria
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
315
Taiwan, China
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions).................................................23.1
GDP (US$ billions)...................................................379.0
GDP per capita (US$) ...........................................16,392
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.99
Taiwan, China
50,000
Advanced economies
40,000
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
316
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Infrastructure
Business
sophistication
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Taiwan, China
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................19
Intellectual property protection ...............................................26
Diversion of public funds.........................................................36
Public trust of politicians .........................................................36
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................37
Judicial independence .............................................................49
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................35
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................39
Burden of government regulation ...........................................30
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................51
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........46
Transparency of government policymaking...............................7
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................63
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................39
Organized crime ......................................................................61
Reliability of police services ....................................................34
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................37
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................30
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................23
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................34
Strength of investor protection* .............................................59
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Taiwan, China
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
317
Tajikistan
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions)...................................................7.0
GDP (US$ billions).......................................................5.0
GDP per capita (US$) ................................................767
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.02
Tajikistan
12,000
9,000
6,000
3,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
318
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Tajikistan
Factor-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................97
Intellectual property protection ...............................................83
Diversion of public funds.........................................................69
Public trust of politicians .........................................................42
Irregular payments and bribes...............................................106
Judicial independence .............................................................94
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................56
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................41
Burden of government regulation ...........................................43
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................64
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........64
Transparency of government policymaking...........................101
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................64
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................36
Organized crime ......................................................................62
Reliability of police services ....................................................88
Ethical behavior of firms........................................................101
Strength of auditing and reporting standards........................124
Efficacy of corporate boards .................................................135
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................96
Strength of investor protection* .............................................59
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Tajikistan
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
319
Tanzania
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions).................................................43.7
GDP (US$ billions).....................................................22.3
GDP per capita (US$) ................................................551
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.08
Tanzania
3,000
Sub-Saharan Africa
2,000
1,000
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
320
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Tanzania
Factor-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.......................................................................104
Intellectual property protection ...............................................74
Diversion of public funds.........................................................85
Public trust of politicians .........................................................62
Irregular payments and bribes...............................................112
Judicial independence .............................................................77
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................50
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................63
Burden of government regulation ...........................................66
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................65
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........72
Transparency of government policymaking.............................85
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................85
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................76
Organized crime ......................................................................69
Reliability of police services ....................................................84
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................89
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................94
Efficacy of corporate boards .................................................100
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................91
Strength of investor protection* .............................................77
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Tanzania
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
321
Thailand
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions).................................................67.8
GDP (US$ billions)...................................................263.9
GDP per capita (US$) .............................................3,940
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.77
Thailand
12,000
Developing Asia
9,000
6,000
3,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
322
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Thailand
Efficiency-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................89
Intellectual property protection ...............................................84
Diversion of public funds.........................................................65
Public trust of politicians .........................................................83
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................70
Judicial independence .............................................................54
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................76
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................45
Burden of government regulation ...........................................42
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................46
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........48
Transparency of government policymaking.............................63
Business costs of terrorism ..................................................120
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................82
Organized crime ......................................................................83
Reliability of police services ....................................................87
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................71
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................42
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................78
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................44
Strength of investor protection* .............................................12
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Thailand
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
323
Timor-Leste
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions)...................................................1.1
GDP (US$ billions).......................................................0.6
GDP per capita (US$) ................................................543
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.00
Timor-Leste
5,000
Developing Asia
4,000
3,000
2,000
1,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
324
Transition
23
2
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Timor-Leste
Factor-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.......................................................................131
Intellectual property protection .............................................132
Diversion of public funds.........................................................72
Public trust of politicians .........................................................52
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................99
Judicial independence .............................................................70
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................98
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................62
Burden of government regulation ...........................................53
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................96
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........89
Transparency of government policymaking...........................131
Business costs of terrorism ..................................................106
Business costs of crime and violence...................................109
Organized crime ....................................................................118
Reliability of police services ....................................................93
Ethical behavior of firms........................................................103
Strength of auditing and reporting standards........................137
Efficacy of corporate boards .................................................136
Protection of minority shareholders interests ......................133
Strength of investor protection* ...........................................109
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Timor-Leste
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
325
20,000
Western Hemisphere
15,000
10,000
5,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
Efficiency
driven
326
Transition
23
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Infrastructure
6
5
Business
sophistication
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................75
Intellectual property protection ...............................................73
Diversion of public funds.........................................................81
Public trust of politicians .......................................................103
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................65
Judicial independence .............................................................45
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................77
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................75
Burden of government regulation ...........................................51
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................62
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........54
Transparency of government policymaking.............................81
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................89
Business costs of crime and violence...................................131
Organized crime ......................................................................99
Reliability of police services ..................................................107
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................61
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................39
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................41
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................76
Strength of investor protection* .............................................20
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
327
Tunisia
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions).................................................10.3
GDP (US$ billions).....................................................40.2
GDP per capita (US$) .............................................3,852
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.12
Tunisia
9,000
6,000
3,000
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
328
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Tunisia
Efficiency-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................31
Intellectual property protection ...............................................37
Diversion of public funds.........................................................20
Public trust of politicians .........................................................15
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................33
Judicial independence .............................................................40
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................12
Wastefulness of government spending ....................................5
Burden of government regulation ...........................................15
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................17
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........19
Transparency of government policymaking.............................20
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................28
Business costs of crime and violence.......................................5
Organized crime ......................................................................17
Reliability of police services ....................................................29
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................29
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................54
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................33
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................11
Strength of investor protection* .............................................59
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Tunisia
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
329
Turkey
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions).................................................74.8
GDP (US$ billions)...................................................615.3
GDP per capita (US$) .............................................8,723
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................1.25
Turkey
16,000
12,000
8,000
4,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
330
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Infrastructure
Business
sophistication
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Turkey
Efficiency-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................83
Intellectual property protection .............................................117
Diversion of public funds.........................................................76
Public trust of politicians .........................................................81
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................76
Judicial independence .............................................................83
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................89
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................96
Burden of government regulation ...........................................81
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................73
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........74
Transparency of government policymaking.............................54
Business costs of terrorism ..................................................135
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................86
Organized crime ....................................................................104
Reliability of police services ....................................................98
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................79
Strength of auditingand reporting standards...........................87
Efficacy of corporate boards .................................................105
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................97
Strength of investor protection* .............................................45
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Turkey
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
331
Uganda
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions).................................................32.7
GDP (US$ billions).....................................................15.7
GDP per capita (US$) ................................................474
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.06
Uganda
3,000
Sub-Saharan Africa
2,000
1,000
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
332
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Uganda
Factor-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................94
Intellectual property protection .............................................100
Diversion of public funds.......................................................136
Public trust of politicians .........................................................92
Irregular payments and bribes...............................................122
Judicial independence .............................................................84
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ....................120
Wastefulness of government spending ................................112
Burden of government regulation ...........................................24
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................63
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........63
Transparency of government policymaking.............................69
Business costs of terrorism ..................................................131
Business costs of crime and violence...................................113
Organized crime ....................................................................100
Reliability of police services ....................................................77
Ethical behavior of firms........................................................104
Strength of auditing and reporting standards........................105
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................52
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................86
Strength of investor protection* ...........................................109
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Uganda
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
333
Ukraine
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions).................................................45.7
GDP (US$ billions)...................................................116.2
GDP per capita (US$) .............................................2,542
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.42
Ukraine
12,000
9,000
6,000
3,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
334
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Ukraine
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.......................................................................135
Intellectual property protection .............................................113
Diversion of public funds.......................................................129
Public trust of politicians .......................................................122
Irregular payments and bribes...............................................127
Judicial independence ...........................................................134
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ....................127
Wastefulness of government spending ................................131
Burden of government regulation .........................................125
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ................138
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ......138
Transparency of government policymaking...........................114
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................58
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................65
Organized crime ....................................................................116
Reliability of police services ..................................................122
Ethical behavior of firms........................................................130
Strength of auditing and reporting standards........................128
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................90
Protection of minority shareholders interests ......................138
Strength of investor protection* .............................................93
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Ukraine
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
335
40,000
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
Efficiency
driven
336
Transition
23
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Infrastructure
6
5
Business
sophistication
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Innovation-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................43
Intellectual property protection ...............................................19
Diversion of public funds.........................................................26
Public trust of politicians ...........................................................7
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................19
Judicial independence .............................................................37
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................15
Wastefulness of government spending ....................................7
Burden of government regulation ...........................................11
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................22
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........25
Transparency of government policymaking.............................35
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................43
Business costs of crime and violence.......................................4
Organized crime ........................................................................7
Reliability of police services ....................................................11
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................22
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................34
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................45
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................24
Strength of investor protection* .............................................99
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
337
United Kingdom
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions).................................................61.6
GDP (US$ billions)................................................2,183.6
GDP per capita (US$) ...........................................35,334
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................3.10
United Kingdom
40,000
Advanced economies
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
338
Transition
23
2
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Infrastructure
Business
sophistication
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
United Kingdom
Innovation-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................17
Intellectual property protection ...............................................17
Diversion of public funds.........................................................11
Public trust of politicians .........................................................55
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................21
Judicial independence ...............................................................8
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................23
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................72
Burden of government regulation ...........................................89
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ....................8
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........16
Transparency of government policymaking.............................34
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................99
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................55
Organized crime ......................................................................39
Reliability of police services ....................................................31
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................14
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................22
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................16
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................17
Strength of investor protection* .............................................10
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
United Kingdom
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
339
United States
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions)...............................................314.7
GDP (US$ billions)..............................................14,256.3
GDP per capita (US$) ...........................................46,381
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total ...............20.46
United States
50,000
Advanced economies
40,000
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
340
Transition
23
2
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
United States
Innovation-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................40
Intellectual property protection ...............................................24
Diversion of public funds.........................................................34
Public trust of politicians .........................................................54
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................40
Judicial independence .............................................................35
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................55
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................68
Burden of government regulation ...........................................49
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................33
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........35
Transparency of government policymaking.............................41
Business costs of terrorism ..................................................125
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................84
Organized crime ......................................................................86
Reliability of police services ....................................................26
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................30
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................55
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................28
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................40
Strength of investor protection* ...............................................5
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
United States
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
341
Uruguay
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions)...................................................3.4
GDP (US$ billions).....................................................31.5
GDP per capita (US$) .............................................9,426
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.06
Uruguay
16,000
Western Hemisphere
12,000
8,000
4,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
342
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
Infrastructure
Business
sophistication
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Uruguay
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................50
Intellectual property protection ...............................................53
Diversion of public funds.........................................................30
Public trust of politicians .........................................................25
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................32
Judicial independence .............................................................27
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................24
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................97
Burden of government regulation ...........................................83
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................55
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........34
Transparency of government policymaking.............................29
Business costs of terrorism ......................................................1
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................70
Organized crime ......................................................................24
Reliability of police services ....................................................56
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................27
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................67
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................83
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................68
Strength of investor protection* .............................................77
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Uruguay
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
343
Venezuela
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions).................................................28.6
GDP (US$ billions)...................................................337.3
GDP per capita (US$) ...........................................11,789
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.50
Venezuela
16,000
Western Hemisphere
12,000
8,000
4,000
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
344
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
3
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Venezuela
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.......................................................................139
Intellectual property protection .............................................137
Diversion of public funds.......................................................137
Public trust of politicians .......................................................139
Irregular payments and bribes...............................................129
Judicial independence ...........................................................139
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ....................135
Wastefulness of government spending ................................137
Burden of government regulation .........................................135
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ................139
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ......139
Transparency of government policymaking...........................136
Business costs of terrorism ..................................................110
Business costs of crime and violence...................................135
Organized crime ....................................................................135
Reliability of police services ..................................................139
Ethical behavior of firms........................................................127
Strength of auditing and reporting standards........................109
Efficacy of corporate boards .................................................133
Protection of minority shareholders interests ......................130
Strength of investor protection* ...........................................135
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Venezuela
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
345
Vietnam
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions).................................................88.1
GDP (US$ billions).....................................................92.4
GDP per capita (US$) .............................................1,060
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.37
Vietnam
6,000
Developing Asia
4,000
2,000
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
346
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Vietnam
Factor-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................81
Intellectual property protection .............................................109
Diversion of public funds.........................................................66
Public trust of politicians .........................................................32
Irregular payments and bribes...............................................107
Judicial independence .............................................................64
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................61
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................83
Burden of government regulation .........................................120
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................61
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........58
Transparency of government policymaking.............................73
Business costs of terrorism ..................................................109
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................88
Organized crime ......................................................................97
Reliability of police services ....................................................41
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................68
Strength of auditing and reporting standards........................119
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................74
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................70
Strength of investor protection* ...........................................133
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Vietnam
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
347
Zambia
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions).................................................12.9
GDP (US$ billions).....................................................13.0
GDP per capita (US$) .............................................1,086
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.03
Zambia
3,000
Sub-Saharan Africa
2,000
1,000
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
348
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Zambia
Factor-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.........................................................................80
Intellectual property protection ...............................................65
Diversion of public funds.........................................................89
Public trust of politicians .........................................................84
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................81
Judicial independence .............................................................69
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ......................59
Wastefulness of government spending ..................................88
Burden of government regulation ...........................................28
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................54
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ........66
Transparency of government policymaking.............................47
Business costs of terrorism ....................................................55
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................87
Organized crime ......................................................................64
Reliability of police services ....................................................71
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................72
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................72
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................39
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................62
Strength of investor protection* .............................................59
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Zambia
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
349
Zimbabwe
Key indicators, 2009
GDP (PPP) per capita (int'l $), 19802009
Population (millions).................................................12.5
GDP (US$ billions).......................................................4.4
GDP per capita (US$) ................................................375
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total .................0.01
Zimbabwe
3,000
Sub-Saharan Africa
2,000
1,000
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Stage of development
Score
(17)
Transition
12
Factor
driven
350
Transition
23
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
7
Innovation
6
5
Business
sophistication
Infrastructure
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Market size
Health and
primary
education
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Zimbabwe
Factor-driven economies
10
15
20
25
Percent of responses
Note: From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
30
RANK/139
INDICATOR
Property rights.......................................................................138
Intellectual property protection ...............................................88
Diversion of public funds.......................................................104
Public trust of politicians .......................................................114
Irregular payments and bribes.................................................77
Judicial independence ...........................................................131
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ....................110
Wastefulness of government spending ................................115
Burden of government regulation ...........................................80
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ..................88
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations ......130
Transparency of government policymaking.............................65
Business costs of terrorism ......................................................9
Business costs of crime and violence.....................................71
Organized crime ......................................................................33
Reliability of police services ..................................................126
Ethical behavior of firms..........................................................88
Strength of auditing and reporting standards..........................49
Efficacy of corporate boards ...................................................50
Protection of minority shareholders interests ........................51
Strength of investor protection* .............................................99
RANK/139
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
Zimbabwe
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum.
For further details and explanation, please refer to the section How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles at the beginning of this chapter.
351
2.2
Data Tables
1.01
Property rights
How would you rate the protection of property rights, including financial assets, in your country? [1 = very weak; 7 = very strong] | 200910
weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.4
Switzerland ............................6.4
Finland ...................................6.4
Singapore ..............................6.3
Hong Kong SAR ....................6.3
Sweden .................................6.3
Luxembourg ..........................6.2
Austria ...................................6.2
Germany ................................6.1
Norway ..................................6.1
Canada...................................6.1
Denmark ................................6.0
Puerto Rico............................5.9
Ireland....................................5.9
Australia.................................5.9
Netherlands ...........................5.8
France....................................5.8
United Kingdom.....................5.8
New Zealand .........................5.7
Taiwan, China ........................5.6
Namibia .................................5.6
Bahrain ..................................5.6
Barbados ...............................5.6
Japan .....................................5.6
Oman.....................................5.5
Qatar......................................5.5
Belgium .................................5.4
Cyprus ...................................5.4
Saudi Arabia...........................5.4
South Africa...........................5.4
Jordan....................................5.4
Tunisia....................................5.4
Iceland ...................................5.4
Estonia...................................5.3
Malta .....................................5.3
Botswana ..............................5.3
Mauritius ...............................5.3
Chile ......................................5.2
China .....................................5.1
Gambia, The ..........................5.1
United States.........................5.1
Malaysia ................................5.1
Portugal .................................5.0
United Arab Emirates ............5.0
Rwanda .................................5.0
Spain......................................4.9
Kuwait ...................................4.9
Swaziland ..............................4.9
Montenegro...........................4.8
Israel ......................................4.7
Uruguay .................................4.7
Panama..................................4.7
Brunei Darussalam ................4.7
Greece...................................4.7
Korea, Rep.............................4.7
Benin .....................................4.7
Egypt .....................................4.6
Lebanon.................................4.6
Slovenia .................................4.6
Poland....................................4.6
Ethiopia..................................4.5
India.......................................4.5
Syria.......................................4.4
Morocco ................................4.4
Sri Lanka................................4.4
Czech Republic......................4.4
Hungary .................................4.4
Costa Rica .............................4.4
Lithuania ................................4.3
Italy ........................................4.3
Iran, Islamic Rep....................4.3
RANK
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Latvia .....................................4.3
Brazil ......................................4.3
Jamaica .................................4.3
Slovak Republic .....................4.2
Trinidad and Tobago...............4.2
Ghana ....................................4.2
Malawi ...................................4.2
Burkina Faso..........................4.2
Romania ................................4.2
Zambia...................................4.1
Vietnam .................................4.1
El Salvador.............................4.1
Turkey ....................................4.0
Indonesia ...............................4.0
Senegal..................................4.0
Dominican Republic...............4.0
Croatia ...................................4.0
Mexico...................................3.9
Thailand .................................3.9
Azerbaijan ..............................3.9
Colombia ...............................3.8
Peru .......................................3.8
Honduras ...............................3.8
Uganda ..................................3.8
Guyana ..................................3.7
Cameroon..............................3.7
Tajikistan ................................3.7
Armenia .................................3.7
Philippines .............................3.7
Cape Verde ............................3.7
Lesotho .................................3.7
Guatemala .............................3.7
Kenya.....................................3.7
Tanzania .................................3.7
Macedonia, FYR ....................3.6
Algeria ...................................3.6
Pakistan .................................3.6
Mauritania..............................3.5
Mali........................................3.5
Cambodia ..............................3.5
Libya ......................................3.5
Kazakhstan ............................3.5
Bangladesh............................3.4
Cte dIvoire ..........................3.4
Mongolia................................3.4
Albania...................................3.3
Mozambique..........................3.3
Nigeria ...................................3.3
Moldova.................................3.3
Georgia ..................................3.2
Bulgaria..................................3.2
Serbia ....................................3.2
Ecuador .................................3.2
Nicaragua...............................3.1
Nepal .....................................3.0
Madagascar ...........................3.0
Burundi ..................................3.0
Russian Federation................2.9
Paraguay ................................2.9
Angola ...................................2.9
Timor-Leste............................2.8
Kyrgyz Republic .....................2.8
Bosnia and Herzegovina........2.7
Argentina ...............................2.7
Ukraine ..................................2.6
Chad ......................................2.4
Bolivia ....................................2.2
Zimbabwe..............................2.2
Venezuela ..............................1.8
MEAN: 4.4
355
Other indicators
0.01
GDP
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
SCORE
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
126
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Bulgaria ...................................47.1
Dominican Republic ................46.7
Azerbaijan ...............................43.1
Serbia......................................42.9
Sri Lanka .................................41.3
Tunisia .....................................40.2
Guatemala...............................37.3
Lithuania .................................37.3
Lebanon ..................................33.6
Kenya ......................................32.7
Ethiopia ...................................32.3
Uruguay ..................................31.5
Costa Rica...............................29.3
Latvia ......................................26.2
Panama ...................................24.7
Cyprus.....................................23.6
Jordan .....................................22.9
Cte dIvoire ...........................22.5
Tanzania ..................................22.3
Cameroon ...............................22.2
El Salvador ..............................21.1
Trinidad and Tobago ................20.4
Bahrain....................................20.2
Estonia ....................................19.1
Bolivia .....................................17.6
Bosnia and Herzegovina .........17.1
Uganda....................................15.7
Ghana......................................15.5
Paraguay .................................14.7
Honduras ................................14.3
Zambia ....................................13.0
Senegal ...................................12.7
Nepal.......................................12.6
Albania ....................................12.2
Iceland ....................................12.1
Jamaica...................................11.9
Botswana................................11.6
Cambodia................................10.8
Georgia ...................................10.7
Brunei Darussalam .................10.5
Mozambique .............................9.8
Namibia.....................................9.5
Macedonia, FYR .......................9.2
Mali ...........................................9.0
Mauritius...................................8.8
Armenia ....................................8.7
Madagascar ..............................8.6
Burkina Faso .............................8.1
Malta.........................................8.0
Chad..........................................6.9
Benin.........................................6.7
Nicaragua ..................................6.2
Moldova ....................................5.4
Rwanda.....................................5.2
Tajikistan ...................................5.0
Kyrgyz Republic ........................4.6
Malawi ......................................4.6
Zimbabwe .................................4.4
Mongolia ...................................4.2
Montenegro ..............................4.1
Barbados...................................3.6
Mauritania .................................3.0
Swaziland..................................3.0
Guyana......................................2.0
Cape Verde ...............................1.8
Lesotho.....................................1.6
Burundi .....................................1.3
Gambia, The .............................0.7
Timor-Leste ...............................0.6
SOURCES: International Monetary Fund, World Economic Outlook Database (April 2010); national sources
356
GDP ...............................................................................360
Population......................................................................361
GDP per capita ..............................................................362
GDP as a share of world GDP.......................................363
Property rights...............................................................366
Intellectual property protection .....................................367
Diversion of public funds ..............................................368
Public trust of politicians ...............................................369
Irregular payments and bribes ......................................370
Judicial independence ...................................................371
Favoritism in decisions of government officials............372
Wastefulness of government spending ........................373
Burden of government regulation .................................374
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes ........375
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging
regulations.....................................................................376
Transparency of government policymaking...................377
Business costs of terrorism ..........................................378
Business costs of crime and violence ..........................379
Organized crime ............................................................380
Reliability of police services ..........................................381
Ethical behavior of firms ...............................................382
Strength of auditing and reporting standards ...............383
Efficacy of corporate boards .........................................384
Protection of minority shareholders interests..............385
Strength of investor protection .....................................386
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
(Contd.)
357
358
11.01
11.02
11.03
11.04
11.05
11.06
11.07
11.08
11.09
Data Tables
Basic Indicators
359
360
0.01
GDP
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
SCORE
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
126
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Bulgaria ...................................47.1
Dominican Republic ................46.7
Azerbaijan ...............................43.1
Serbia......................................42.9
Sri Lanka .................................41.3
Tunisia .....................................40.2
Guatemala...............................37.3
Lithuania .................................37.3
Lebanon ..................................33.6
Kenya ......................................32.7
Ethiopia ...................................32.3
Uruguay ..................................31.5
Costa Rica...............................29.3
Latvia ......................................26.2
Panama ...................................24.7
Cyprus.....................................23.6
Jordan .....................................22.9
Cte dIvoire ...........................22.5
Tanzania ..................................22.3
Cameroon ...............................22.2
El Salvador ..............................21.1
Trinidad and Tobago ................20.4
Bahrain....................................20.2
Estonia ....................................19.1
Bolivia .....................................17.6
Bosnia and Herzegovina .........17.1
Uganda....................................15.7
Ghana......................................15.5
Paraguay .................................14.7
Honduras ................................14.3
Zambia ....................................13.0
Senegal ...................................12.7
Nepal.......................................12.6
Albania ....................................12.2
Iceland ....................................12.1
Jamaica...................................11.9
Botswana................................11.6
Cambodia................................10.8
Georgia ...................................10.7
Brunei Darussalam .................10.5
Mozambique .............................9.8
Namibia.....................................9.5
Macedonia, FYR .......................9.2
Mali ...........................................9.0
Mauritius...................................8.8
Armenia ....................................8.7
Madagascar ..............................8.6
Burkina Faso .............................8.1
Malta.........................................8.0
Chad..........................................6.9
Benin.........................................6.7
Nicaragua ..................................6.2
Moldova ....................................5.4
Rwanda.....................................5.2
Tajikistan ...................................5.0
Kyrgyz Republic ........................4.6
Malawi ......................................4.6
Zimbabwe .................................4.4
Mongolia ...................................4.2
Montenegro ..............................4.1
Barbados...................................3.6
Mauritania .................................3.0
Swaziland..................................3.0
Guyana......................................2.0
Cape Verde ...............................1.8
Lesotho.....................................1.6
Burundi .....................................1.3
Gambia, The .............................0.7
Timor-Leste ...............................0.6
SOURCES: International Monetary Fund, World Economic Outlook Database (April 2010); national sources
0.02
Population
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
25
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
45
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
62
64
64
66
67
68
69
70
SCORE
RANK
China..................................1,345.8
India ...................................1,198.0
United States ........................314.7
Indonesia ..............................230.0
Brazil .....................................193.7
Pakistan ................................180.8
Bangladesh ...........................162.2
Nigeria...................................154.7
Russian Federation ...............140.9
Japan ....................................127.2
Mexico ..................................109.6
Philippines...............................92.0
Vietnam...................................88.1
Egypt.......................................83.0
Ethiopia ...................................82.8
Germany .................................82.2
Turkey .....................................74.8
Iran, Islamic Rep. ....................74.2
Thailand...................................67.8
France .....................................62.3
United Kingdom ......................61.6
Italy .........................................59.9
South Africa ............................50.1
Korea, Rep. .............................48.3
Colombia.................................45.7
Ukraine....................................45.7
Spain .......................................44.9
Tanzania ..................................43.7
Argentina ................................40.3
Kenya ......................................39.8
Poland .....................................38.1
Algeria.....................................34.9
Canada ....................................33.6
Uganda....................................32.7
Morocco..................................32.0
Nepal.......................................29.3
Peru ........................................29.2
Venezuela................................28.6
Malaysia..................................27.5
Saudi Arabia ............................25.7
Ghana......................................23.8
Taiwan, China..........................23.1
Mozambique ...........................22.9
Syria ........................................21.9
Australia ..................................21.3
Romania..................................21.3
Cte dIvoire ...........................21.1
Sri Lanka .................................20.2
Madagascar ............................19.6
Cameroon ...............................19.5
Angola.....................................18.5
Chile........................................17.0
Netherlands ............................16.6
Burkina Faso ...........................15.8
Kazakhstan..............................15.6
Malawi ....................................15.3
Cambodia................................14.8
Guatemala...............................14.0
Ecuador...................................13.6
Mali .........................................13.0
Zambia ....................................12.9
Senegal ...................................12.5
Zimbabwe ...............................12.5
Chad........................................11.2
Greece ....................................11.2
Portugal...................................10.7
Belgium...................................10.6
Czech Republic .......................10.4
Tunisia .....................................10.3
Dominican Republic ................10.1
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
71
71
73
73
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
81
83
84
84
86
87
87
89
90
91
91
93
94
95
96
97
97
99
100
101
101
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
109
111
112
113
114
115
115
117
117
119
120
120
120
123
124
125
125
125
128
129
130
131
131
133
134
134
136
136
138
138
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Hungary ..................................10.0
Rwanda...................................10.0
Bolivia .......................................9.9
Serbia........................................9.9
Sweden.....................................9.2
Benin.........................................8.9
Azerbaijan .................................8.8
Austria.......................................8.4
Burundi .....................................8.3
Switzerland ...............................7.6
Bulgaria .....................................7.5
Honduras ..................................7.5
Israel .........................................7.2
Hong Kong SAR........................7.0
Tajikistan ...................................7.0
Libya .........................................6.4
Jordan .......................................6.3
Paraguay ...................................6.3
El Salvador ................................6.2
Nicaragua ..................................5.7
Denmark ...................................5.5
Kyrgyz Republic ........................5.5
Slovak Republic ........................5.4
Finland ......................................5.3
Norway .....................................4.8
Singapore..................................4.7
Costa Rica.................................4.6
United Arab Emirates ...............4.6
Ireland .......................................4.5
Croatia.......................................4.4
Georgia .....................................4.3
New Zealand.............................4.3
Lebanon ....................................4.2
Puerto Rico ...............................4.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina ...........3.8
Moldova ....................................3.6
Panama .....................................3.5
Uruguay ....................................3.4
Lithuania ...................................3.3
Mauritania .................................3.3
Albania ......................................3.2
Armenia ....................................3.1
Kuwait.......................................3.0
Oman ........................................2.8
Jamaica.....................................2.7
Mongolia ...................................2.7
Latvia ........................................2.2
Namibia.....................................2.2
Lesotho.....................................2.1
Botswana..................................2.0
Macedonia, FYR .......................2.0
Slovenia ....................................2.0
Gambia, The .............................1.7
Qatar .........................................1.4
Estonia ......................................1.3
Mauritius...................................1.3
Trinidad and Tobago ..................1.3
Swaziland..................................1.2
Timor-Leste ...............................1.1
Cyprus.......................................0.9
Bahrain......................................0.8
Guyana......................................0.8
Montenegro ..............................0.6
Cape Verde ...............................0.5
Luxembourg..............................0.5
Brunei Darussalam ...................0.4
Malta.........................................0.4
Barbados...................................0.3
Iceland ......................................0.3
SOURCES: United Nations Population Fund, State of World Population 2009; national sources
361
362
0.03
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
SCORE
RANK
Luxembourg......................104,512
Norway ...............................79,085
Qatar ...................................68,872
Switzerland .........................67,560
Denmark .............................56,115
Ireland .................................51,356
Netherlands ........................48,223
United Arab Emirates .........46,857
United States ......................46,381
Austria.................................45,989
Australia ..............................45,587
Finland ................................44,492
Sweden...............................43,986
Belgium...............................43,533
France .................................42,747
Germany .............................40,875
Japan ..................................39,731
Canada ................................39,669
Iceland ................................37,977
Singapore............................37,293
Italy .....................................35,435
United Kingdom ..................35,334
Spain ...................................31,946
Kuwait.................................31,482
Hong Kong SAR..................29,826
Greece ................................29,635
Cyprus.................................29,620
New Zealand.......................27,259
Israel ...................................26,797
Brunei Darussalam .............26,325
Slovenia ..............................24,417
Portugal...............................21,408
Bahrain................................19,455
Malta...................................19,111
Czech Republic ...................18,557
Oman ..................................18,013
Korea, Rep. .........................17,074
Taiwan, China......................16,392
Slovak Republic ..................16,282
Puerto Rico .........................15,846
Trinidad and Tobago ............15,581
Saudi Arabia ........................14,486
Estonia ................................14,267
Croatia.................................14,243
Barbados.............................13,003
Hungary ..............................12,927
Venezuela............................11,789
Latvia ..................................11,607
Poland .................................11,288
Lithuania .............................11,172
Libya .....................................9,529
Chile......................................9,525
Uruguay ................................9,426
Turkey ...................................8,723
Lebanon ................................8,707
Russian Federation ...............8,694
Brazil .....................................8,220
Mexico ..................................8,135
Argentina ..............................7,726
Romania................................7,542
Montenegro ..........................7,300
Panama .................................7,133
Kazakhstan............................7,019
Malaysia................................6,897
Mauritius...............................6,838
Botswana..............................6,407
Costa Rica.............................6,345
Bulgaria .................................6,223
South Africa ..........................5,824
Serbia....................................5,809
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
SOURCES: International Monetary Fund, World Economic Outlook Database (April 2010); national sources
0.04
Gross domestic product based on purchasing power parity as a percentage of world GDP | 2009
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
40
42
43
44
45
46
46
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
62
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
SCORE
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
71
71
73
74
75
76
77
77
79
80
81
82
83
83
85
86
86
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
96
98
99
100
100
102
103
104
104
106
107
107
109
110
110
110
113
113
115
115
115
118
118
120
121
122
122
124
125
125
125
128
129
129
131
131
133
133
133
136
137
137
n/a
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
SOURCES: International Monetary Fund, World Economic Outlook Database (April 2010); national sources
363
Data Tables
Section I
Institutions
365
366
1.01
Property rights
How would you rate the protection of property rights, including financial assets, in your country? [1 = very weak; 7 = very strong] | 200910
weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.4
Switzerland ............................6.4
Finland ...................................6.4
Singapore ..............................6.3
Hong Kong SAR ....................6.3
Sweden .................................6.3
Luxembourg ..........................6.2
Austria ...................................6.2
Germany ................................6.1
Norway ..................................6.1
Canada...................................6.1
Denmark ................................6.0
Puerto Rico............................5.9
Ireland....................................5.9
Australia.................................5.9
Netherlands ...........................5.8
France....................................5.8
United Kingdom.....................5.8
New Zealand .........................5.7
Taiwan, China ........................5.6
Namibia .................................5.6
Bahrain ..................................5.6
Barbados ...............................5.6
Japan .....................................5.6
Oman.....................................5.5
Qatar......................................5.5
Belgium .................................5.4
Cyprus ...................................5.4
Saudi Arabia...........................5.4
South Africa...........................5.4
Jordan....................................5.4
Tunisia....................................5.4
Iceland ...................................5.4
Estonia...................................5.3
Malta .....................................5.3
Botswana ..............................5.3
Mauritius ...............................5.3
Chile ......................................5.2
China .....................................5.1
Gambia, The ..........................5.1
United States.........................5.1
Malaysia ................................5.1
Portugal .................................5.0
United Arab Emirates ............5.0
Rwanda .................................5.0
Spain......................................4.9
Kuwait ...................................4.9
Swaziland ..............................4.9
Montenegro...........................4.8
Israel ......................................4.7
Uruguay .................................4.7
Panama..................................4.7
Brunei Darussalam ................4.7
Greece...................................4.7
Korea, Rep.............................4.7
Benin .....................................4.7
Egypt .....................................4.6
Lebanon.................................4.6
Slovenia .................................4.6
Poland....................................4.6
Ethiopia..................................4.5
India.......................................4.5
Syria.......................................4.4
Morocco ................................4.4
Sri Lanka................................4.4
Czech Republic......................4.4
Hungary .................................4.4
Costa Rica .............................4.4
Lithuania ................................4.3
Italy ........................................4.3
Iran, Islamic Rep....................4.3
RANK
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Latvia .....................................4.3
Brazil ......................................4.3
Jamaica .................................4.3
Slovak Republic .....................4.2
Trinidad and Tobago...............4.2
Ghana ....................................4.2
Malawi ...................................4.2
Burkina Faso..........................4.2
Romania ................................4.2
Zambia...................................4.1
Vietnam .................................4.1
El Salvador.............................4.1
Turkey ....................................4.0
Indonesia ...............................4.0
Senegal..................................4.0
Dominican Republic...............4.0
Croatia ...................................4.0
Mexico...................................3.9
Thailand .................................3.9
Azerbaijan ..............................3.9
Colombia ...............................3.8
Peru .......................................3.8
Honduras ...............................3.8
Uganda ..................................3.8
Guyana ..................................3.7
Cameroon..............................3.7
Tajikistan ................................3.7
Armenia .................................3.7
Philippines .............................3.7
Cape Verde ............................3.7
Lesotho .................................3.7
Guatemala .............................3.7
Kenya.....................................3.7
Tanzania .................................3.7
Macedonia, FYR ....................3.6
Algeria ...................................3.6
Pakistan .................................3.6
Mauritania..............................3.5
Mali........................................3.5
Cambodia ..............................3.5
Libya ......................................3.5
Kazakhstan ............................3.5
Bangladesh............................3.4
Cte dIvoire ..........................3.4
Mongolia................................3.4
Albania...................................3.3
Mozambique..........................3.3
Nigeria ...................................3.3
Moldova.................................3.3
Georgia ..................................3.2
Bulgaria..................................3.2
Serbia ....................................3.2
Ecuador .................................3.2
Nicaragua...............................3.1
Nepal .....................................3.0
Madagascar ...........................3.0
Burundi ..................................3.0
Russian Federation................2.9
Paraguay................................2.9
Angola ...................................2.9
Timor-Leste............................2.8
Kyrgyz Republic .....................2.8
Bosnia and Herzegovina........2.7
Argentina ...............................2.7
Ukraine ..................................2.6
Chad ......................................2.4
Bolivia ....................................2.2
Zimbabwe..............................2.2
Venezuela ..............................1.8
MEAN: 4.4
1.02
How would you rate intellectual property protection, including anti-counterfeiting measures, in your country? [1 = very weak; 7 = very strong] |
200910 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 3.7
Sweden .................................6.2
Finland ...................................6.2
Singapore ..............................6.1
Switzerland ............................6.0
Luxembourg ..........................6.0
France....................................5.9
New Zealand .........................5.8
Puerto Rico............................5.8
Germany................................5.7
Netherlands ...........................5.7
Austria ...................................5.7
Denmark................................5.7
Canada...................................5.6
Australia.................................5.6
Ireland....................................5.6
Norway ..................................5.6
United Kingdom.....................5.5
Hong Kong SAR ....................5.4
United Arab Emirates ............5.3
Oman.....................................5.3
Japan .....................................5.2
Bahrain ..................................5.2
Belgium .................................5.1
United States.........................5.1
Iceland ...................................5.1
Taiwan, China ........................4.9
South Africa...........................4.9
Qatar......................................4.8
Barbados ...............................4.8
Saudi Arabia...........................4.8
Namibia .................................4.8
Cyprus ...................................4.7
Malaysia ................................4.7
Estonia...................................4.6
Gambia, The ..........................4.6
Malta .....................................4.6
Tunisia....................................4.4
Jordan....................................4.4
Slovenia .................................4.4
Portugal .................................4.4
Rwanda .................................4.4
Spain......................................4.3
Israel......................................4.2
Korea, Rep.............................4.1
Botswana ..............................4.1
Sri Lanka................................4.1
Kuwait ...................................4.1
Panama..................................4.0
China .....................................4.0
Greece...................................4.0
Hungary .................................4.0
Czech Republic......................3.9
Uruguay .................................3.9
Mauritius ...............................3.9
Brunei Darussalam ................3.9
Malawi ...................................3.8
Slovak Republic .....................3.8
Indonesia ...............................3.8
Chile ......................................3.7
Poland....................................3.7
Italy........................................3.7
Montenegro...........................3.6
Azerbaijan ..............................3.6
Latvia .....................................3.6
Zambia...................................3.6
India.......................................3.6
Egypt .....................................3.6
Costa Rica .............................3.6
Lithuania ................................3.5
Croatia ...................................3.5
RANK
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Ethiopia..................................3.4
Morocco ................................3.4
Trinidad and Tobago...............3.3
Tanzania .................................3.3
Syria.......................................3.3
Ghana ....................................3.3
Burkina Faso..........................3.3
Swaziland ..............................3.2
Jamaica .................................3.2
Honduras ...............................3.2
Romania ................................3.2
Senegal..................................3.2
Tajikistan ................................3.1
Thailand .................................3.1
Mexico...................................3.1
Pakistan .................................3.1
Macedonia, FYR ....................3.1
Zimbabwe..............................3.1
Brazil ......................................3.1
Guyana ..................................3.1
Benin .....................................3.0
Lesotho .................................3.0
Colombia ...............................3.0
Kenya.....................................2.9
Nigeria ...................................2.9
El Salvador.............................2.9
Georgia ..................................2.9
Kazakhstan ............................2.8
Cambodia ..............................2.8
Uganda ..................................2.8
Albania...................................2.8
Libya ......................................2.8
Philippines .............................2.8
Dominican Republic...............2.8
Algeria ...................................2.7
Cameroon..............................2.7
Armenia .................................2.7
Mali........................................2.7
Vietnam .................................2.7
Lebanon.................................2.7
Serbia ....................................2.6
Bulgaria..................................2.6
Ukraine ..................................2.6
Iran, Islamic Rep....................2.6
Nicaragua...............................2.6
Nepal .....................................2.6
Turkey ....................................2.6
Moldova.................................2.6
Russian Federation................2.6
Angola ...................................2.6
Guatemala .............................2.6
Bangladesh............................2.6
Peru .......................................2.6
Mozambique..........................2.5
Mauritania..............................2.5
Argentina ...............................2.5
Cape Verde ............................2.5
Ecuador .................................2.5
Kyrgyz Republic .....................2.3
Mongolia................................2.3
Chad ......................................2.3
Timor-Leste............................2.3
Bosnia and Herzegovina........2.2
Madagascar ...........................2.2
Paraguay................................2.2
Cte dIvoire ..........................2.2
Venezuela ..............................1.9
Burundi ..................................1.9
Bolivia ....................................1.9
MEAN: 3.7
367
368
1.03
In your country, how common is diversion of public funds to companies, individuals, or groups due to corruption? [1 = very common; 7 = never
occurs] | 200910 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 3.7
RANK
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
India.......................................3.2
Timor-Leste............................3.2
Lesotho .................................3.2
El Salvador.............................3.2
Panama..................................3.2
Turkey ....................................3.2
Italy........................................3.1
Jamaica .................................3.1
Latvia .....................................3.1
Guyana ..................................3.1
Trinidad and Tobago...............3.1
South Africa...........................3.1
Egypt .....................................3.1
Romania ................................3.1
Tanzania .................................3.1
Peru .......................................3.1
Cambodia ..............................3.0
Azerbaijan ..............................3.0
Zambia...................................3.0
Croatia ...................................3.0
Swaziland ..............................3.0
Pakistan .................................3.0
Syria.......................................2.9
Greece...................................2.9
Serbia ....................................2.9
Moldova.................................2.8
Kazakhstan ............................2.8
Mexico...................................2.8
Senegal..................................2.8
Hungary .................................2.7
Bulgaria..................................2.7
Czech Republic......................2.7
Armenia .................................2.7
Zimbabwe..............................2.7
Mauritania..............................2.7
Colombia ...............................2.6
Bangladesh............................2.6
Mali........................................2.6
Russian Federation................2.6
Honduras ...............................2.6
Madagascar ...........................2.6
Nepal .....................................2.6
Slovak Republic .....................2.5
Mozambique..........................2.5
Burkina Faso..........................2.5
Lebanon.................................2.4
Benin .....................................2.4
Nicaragua...............................2.4
Bolivia ....................................2.3
Kyrgyz Republic .....................2.3
Brazil ......................................2.3
Angola ...................................2.3
Libya ......................................2.3
Cameroon..............................2.3
Mongolia................................2.3
Nigeria ...................................2.2
Kenya.....................................2.2
Guatemala .............................2.2
Ukraine ..................................2.2
Ecuador .................................2.1
Argentina ...............................2.1
Cte dIvoire ..........................2.0
Chad ......................................2.0
Dominican Republic...............2.0
Philippines .............................2.0
Uganda ..................................2.0
Venezuela ..............................1.9
Paraguay................................1.9
Burundi ..................................1.8
MEAN: 3.7
1.04
How would you rate the level of public trust in the ethical standards of politicians in your country? [1 = very low; 7 = very high] | 200910
weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 3.1
Singapore ..............................6.4
Qatar......................................6.1
Sweden .................................5.8
Luxembourg ..........................5.8
New Zealand .........................5.6
Norway ..................................5.6
United Arab Emirates ............5.6
Rwanda .................................5.4
Saudi Arabia...........................5.4
Denmark................................5.4
Oman.....................................5.3
Switzerland ............................5.2
Finland ...................................5.1
Netherlands ...........................5.0
Tunisia....................................5.0
Hong Kong SAR ....................4.7
Australia.................................4.6
Brunei Darussalam ................4.6
Barbados ...............................4.6
Gambia, The ..........................4.4
Botswana ..............................4.4
China .....................................4.3
Canada...................................4.2
Cape Verde ............................4.2
Uruguay .................................4.2
Cyprus ...................................4.2
Bahrain ..................................4.1
Austria ...................................4.0
Germany................................4.0
Namibia .................................4.0
France....................................3.9
Vietnam .................................3.9
Malta .....................................3.9
Chile ......................................3.8
Malaysia ................................3.8
Taiwan, China ........................3.7
Israel......................................3.7
Montenegro...........................3.7
Iran, Islamic Rep....................3.7
Egypt .....................................3.6
Costa Rica .............................3.6
Tajikistan ................................3.6
Jordan....................................3.5
Iceland ...................................3.5
Azerbaijan ..............................3.5
Kuwait ...................................3.4
Kazakhstan ............................3.4
Belgium .................................3.4
Cambodia ..............................3.3
Syria.......................................3.3
Indonesia ...............................3.3
Timor-Leste............................3.3
Estonia...................................3.3
United States.........................3.3
United Kingdom.....................3.2
Ethiopia..................................3.2
Portugal .................................3.2
Japan .....................................3.1
Morocco ................................3.1
Mauritius ...............................3.1
Malawi ...................................3.1
Tanzania .................................3.1
Albania...................................3.0
Mozambique..........................3.0
Ireland....................................3.0
Angola ...................................3.0
Ghana ....................................2.9
Macedonia, FYR ....................2.9
Russian Federation................2.9
Slovenia .................................2.9
RANK
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Lesotho .................................2.8
Swaziland ..............................2.8
Libya ......................................2.8
Sri Lanka................................2.7
Spain......................................2.6
Moldova.................................2.6
Guyana ..................................2.6
Georgia ..................................2.6
Puerto Rico............................2.5
Benin .....................................2.5
Turkey ....................................2.5
Poland....................................2.5
Thailand .................................2.5
Zambia...................................2.4
Algeria ...................................2.4
South Africa...........................2.4
Burkina Faso..........................2.4
India.......................................2.3
Armenia .................................2.3
Honduras ...............................2.3
Pakistan .................................2.3
Uganda ..................................2.2
Greece...................................2.2
Mexico...................................2.2
Mali........................................2.2
Croatia ...................................2.2
Colombia ...............................2.2
El Salvador.............................2.2
Serbia ....................................2.1
Bosnia and Herzegovina........2.1
Cameroon..............................2.1
Panama..................................2.1
Trinidad and Tobago...............2.1
Bulgaria..................................2.1
Korea, Rep.............................2.1
Senegal..................................2.1
Jamaica .................................2.1
Lithuania ................................2.0
Bolivia ....................................2.0
Italy........................................2.0
Kyrgyz Republic .....................2.0
Mauritania..............................2.0
Nicaragua...............................2.0
Zimbabwe..............................2.0
Bangladesh............................2.0
Romania ................................2.0
Chad ......................................1.9
Mongolia................................1.9
Latvia .....................................1.9
Peru .......................................1.9
Czech Republic......................1.9
Ukraine ..................................1.9
Burundi ..................................1.9
Ecuador .................................1.8
Nigeria ...................................1.8
Dominican Republic...............1.8
Brazil ......................................1.8
Hungary .................................1.8
Kenya.....................................1.7
Nepal .....................................1.7
Guatemala .............................1.7
Slovak Republic .....................1.7
Paraguay................................1.7
Philippines .............................1.6
Madagascar ...........................1.6
Lebanon.................................1.6
Cte dIvoire ..........................1.6
Argentina ...............................1.5
Venezuela ..............................1.5
MEAN: 3.1
369
370
1.05
This indicator represents the average score across the five components of the following Executive Opinion Survey question: In your country, how
common is it for firms to make undocumented extra payments or bribes connected with (a) imports and exports; (b) public utilities; (c) annual tax
payments; (d) awarding of public contracts and licenses; (e) obtaining favorable judicial decisions. The answer to each question ranges from 1
(very common) to 7 (never occurs). | 200910 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.3
RANK
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Brazil ......................................4.0
Slovak Republic .....................3.9
Italy........................................3.9
El Salvador.............................3.9
Latvia .....................................3.9
Turkey ....................................3.9
Zimbabwe..............................3.9
Panama..................................3.9
Jamaica .................................3.9
Croatia ...................................3.8
Zambia...................................3.8
Morocco ................................3.8
India.......................................3.7
Mozambique..........................3.7
Guatemala .............................3.7
Senegal..................................3.7
Serbia ....................................3.7
Ethiopia..................................3.6
Greece...................................3.6
Colombia ...............................3.6
Mexico...................................3.6
Ghana ....................................3.5
Kazakhstan ............................3.5
Bulgaria..................................3.5
Indonesia ...............................3.4
Dominican Republic...............3.4
Algeria ...................................3.4
Lesotho .................................3.4
Timor-Leste............................3.4
Bosnia and Herzegovina........3.3
Azerbaijan ..............................3.3
Moldova.................................3.3
Ecuador .................................3.3
Armenia .................................3.3
Honduras ...............................3.3
Tajikistan ................................3.3
Vietnam .................................3.2
Nicaragua...............................3.2
Guyana ..................................3.2
Angola ...................................3.2
Russian Federation................3.2
Tanzania .................................3.1
Madagascar ...........................3.1
Burkina Faso..........................3.1
Argentina ...............................3.1
Syria.......................................3.0
Pakistan .................................3.0
Lebanon.................................3.0
Mongolia................................3.0
Bolivia ....................................2.9
Nigeria ...................................2.9
Uganda ..................................2.9
Cameroon..............................2.9
Cambodia ..............................2.8
Benin .....................................2.8
Libya ......................................2.8
Ukraine ..................................2.8
Philippines .............................2.8
Venezuela ..............................2.7
Nepal .....................................2.7
Paraguay................................2.7
Kyrgyz Republic .....................2.7
Mauritania..............................2.6
Kenya.....................................2.6
Burundi ..................................2.6
Cte dIvoire ..........................2.6
Bangladesh............................2.5
Chad ......................................2.5
Mali........................................2.5
MEAN: 4.3
1.06
Judicial independence
To what extent is the judiciary in your country independent from influences of members of government, citizens, or firms? [1 = heavily influenced;
7 = entirely independent] | 200910 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.0
RANK
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Latvia .....................................3.7
Swaziland ..............................3.6
Lithuania ................................3.6
Pakistan .................................3.6
Greece...................................3.5
Brazil ......................................3.5
Tanzania .................................3.5
Colombia ...............................3.5
Morocco ................................3.5
Nigeria ...................................3.5
Italy........................................3.5
Romania ................................3.5
Turkey ....................................3.4
Uganda ..................................3.4
Bangladesh............................3.4
Guyana ..................................3.4
Azerbaijan ..............................3.3
Albania...................................3.3
Ethiopia..................................3.3
Benin .....................................3.3
Lesotho .................................3.2
Mexico...................................3.2
Nepal .....................................3.2
Tajikistan ................................3.2
Libya ......................................3.1
Honduras ...............................3.1
Croatia ...................................3.1
Senegal..................................3.1
Dominican Republic...............3.1
El Salvador.............................3.0
Bulgaria..................................3.0
Angola ...................................3.0
Macedonia, FYR ....................2.9
Georgia ..................................2.9
Mozambique..........................2.9
Slovak Republic .....................2.9
Syria.......................................2.9
Cambodia ..............................2.9
Kazakhstan ............................2.9
Mali........................................2.8
Philippines .............................2.8
Algeria ...................................2.8
Lebanon.................................2.7
Guatemala .............................2.7
Russian Federation................2.7
Chad ......................................2.7
Cameroon..............................2.6
Armenia .................................2.6
Peru .......................................2.6
Mongolia................................2.6
Kenya.....................................2.6
Bosnia and Herzegovina........2.6
Argentina ...............................2.6
Serbia ....................................2.5
Panama..................................2.5
Madagascar ...........................2.5
Burkina Faso..........................2.5
Mauritania..............................2.4
Bolivia ....................................2.3
Moldova.................................2.3
Zimbabwe..............................2.3
Nicaragua...............................2.1
Kyrgyz Republic .....................2.1
Ukraine ..................................2.0
Ecuador .................................2.0
Burundi ..................................1.9
Cte dIvoire ..........................1.9
Paraguay................................1.7
Venezuela ..............................1.7
MEAN: 4.0
371
372
1.07
To what extent do government officials in your country show favoritism to well-connected firms and individuals when deciding upon policies and
contracts? [1 = always show favoritism; 7 = never show favoritism] | 200910 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 3.3
Sweden .................................6.0
New Zealand .........................5.7
Singapore ..............................5.6
Qatar......................................5.4
Denmark ................................5.4
Netherlands ...........................5.2
Norway ..................................5.2
Rwanda .................................5.1
Finland ...................................5.0
Switzerland ............................4.8
Luxembourg ..........................4.8
Tunisia....................................4.7
Saudi Arabia...........................4.6
Japan .....................................4.6
United Arab Emirates ............4.6
Germany ................................4.6
Oman.....................................4.6
Gambia, The ..........................4.6
Australia.................................4.6
Canada...................................4.3
Chile ......................................4.3
Botswana ..............................4.2
United Kingdom.....................4.2
Uruguay .................................4.1
Hong Kong SAR ....................4.0
Austria ...................................4.0
Belgium .................................3.9
Indonesia ...............................3.9
Iceland ...................................3.9
Brunei Darussalam ................3.9
Barbados ...............................3.9
France....................................3.8
Montenegro...........................3.8
Israel ......................................3.8
Taiwan, China ........................3.8
Estonia...................................3.8
China .....................................3.8
Malaysia ................................3.7
Costa Rica .............................3.6
Cyprus ...................................3.6
Ireland....................................3.6
Bahrain ..................................3.6
Cape Verde ............................3.5
Jordan....................................3.5
Namibia .................................3.5
Malta .....................................3.5
Kuwait ...................................3.5
Iran, Islamic Rep....................3.5
Poland....................................3.4
Tanzania .................................3.4
Ethiopia..................................3.3
Morocco ................................3.3
Malawi ...................................3.3
Lithuania ................................3.3
United States.........................3.3
Tajikistan ................................3.3
Spain......................................3.2
Cambodia ..............................3.2
Zambia...................................3.2
Sri Lanka................................3.2
Vietnam .................................3.1
Mauritius ...............................3.1
Portugal .................................3.1
Azerbaijan ..............................3.1
Albania...................................3.1
Nepal .....................................3.0
Burkina Faso..........................3.0
Georgia ..................................3.0
Slovenia .................................3.0
Mozambique..........................3.0
RANK
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 3.3
1.08
How would you rate the composition of public spending in your country? [1 = extremely wasteful; 7 = highly efficient in providing necessary goods
and services] | 200910 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 3.4
Singapore ..............................6.1
Rwanda .................................5.8
Qatar......................................5.7
Oman.....................................5.6
Tunisia....................................5.3
Saudi Arabia...........................5.2
United Arab Emirates ............5.2
Bahrain ..................................5.1
Switzerland ............................5.0
Gambia, The ..........................5.0
Hong Kong SAR ....................5.0
Sweden .................................4.9
Luxembourg ..........................4.8
Finland ...................................4.7
Botswana ..............................4.7
Denmark................................4.6
Netherlands ...........................4.6
Barbados ...............................4.5
Brunei Darussalam ................4.5
Norway ..................................4.4
Australia.................................4.4
New Zealand .........................4.3
Montenegro...........................4.3
Iceland ...................................4.2
Malaysia ................................4.2
Chile ......................................4.2
Namibia .................................4.2
Austria ...................................4.2
Cyprus ...................................4.2
Indonesia ...............................4.2
Ethiopia..................................4.1
Canada...................................4.1
Germany................................4.0
Malawi ...................................4.0
China .....................................3.9
Mauritius ...............................3.9
Malta .....................................3.8
Peru .......................................3.8
Taiwan, China ........................3.8
Benin .....................................3.7
Tajikistan ................................3.7
Jordan....................................3.7
Cape Verde ............................3.6
Israel......................................3.6
Thailand .................................3.6
Costa Rica .............................3.6
Belgium .................................3.6
France....................................3.5
Estonia...................................3.5
Cambodia ..............................3.5
Egypt .....................................3.5
Georgia ..................................3.4
Albania...................................3.4
Armenia .................................3.4
Kazakhstan ............................3.4
Sri Lanka................................3.4
India.......................................3.4
Pakistan .................................3.4
Azerbaijan ..............................3.4
South Africa...........................3.4
Guyana ..................................3.4
Timor-Leste............................3.3
Tanzania .................................3.3
Algeria ...................................3.3
Libya ......................................3.3
Kuwait ...................................3.3
Ghana ....................................3.3
United States.........................3.3
El Salvador.............................3.3
Mauritania..............................3.3
RANK
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Korea, Rep.............................3.2
United Kingdom.....................3.2
Syria.......................................3.2
Morocco ................................3.2
Trinidad and Tobago...............3.1
Poland....................................3.1
Burkina Faso..........................3.1
Lesotho .................................3.1
Bangladesh............................3.1
Mozambique..........................3.1
Mexico...................................3.1
Russian Federation................3.1
Vietnam .................................3.1
Panama..................................3.1
Iran, Islamic Rep....................3.0
Macedonia, FYR ....................3.0
Colombia ...............................3.0
Zambia...................................3.0
Moldova.................................3.0
Bulgaria..................................3.0
Japan .....................................3.0
Slovenia .................................2.9
Ireland....................................2.9
Mali........................................2.9
Czech Republic......................2.9
Turkey ....................................2.9
Uruguay .................................2.8
Jamaica .................................2.8
Nepal .....................................2.8
Cameroon..............................2.8
Spain......................................2.7
Puerto Rico............................2.7
Kenya.....................................2.7
Senegal..................................2.7
Nicaragua...............................2.7
Swaziland ..............................2.6
Bolivia ....................................2.6
Italy........................................2.6
Madagascar ...........................2.5
Romania ................................2.5
Chad ......................................2.5
Uganda ..................................2.5
Kyrgyz Republic .....................2.5
Portugal .................................2.5
Zimbabwe..............................2.5
Angola ...................................2.4
Lithuania ................................2.4
Philippines .............................2.4
Slovak Republic .....................2.4
Latvia .....................................2.4
Croatia ...................................2.4
Bosnia and Herzegovina........2.4
Honduras ...............................2.3
Serbia ....................................2.3
Burundi ..................................2.3
Hungary .................................2.2
Paraguay................................2.2
Greece...................................2.2
Guatemala .............................2.2
Lebanon.................................2.2
Ukraine ..................................2.1
Cte dIvoire ..........................2.1
Ecuador .................................2.1
Argentina ...............................2.1
Nigeria ...................................2.0
Brazil ......................................1.8
Venezuela ..............................1.7
Dominican Republic...............1.7
Mongolia................................1.6
MEAN: 3.4
373
374
1.09
How burdensome is it for businesses in your country to comply with governmental administrative requirements (e.g., permits, regulations,
reporting)? [1 = extremely burdensome; 7 = not burdensome at all] | 200910 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 3.3
Singapore ..............................5.5
Hong Kong SAR ....................5.1
Rwanda .................................5.0
Georgia ..................................4.6
Gambia, The ..........................4.6
Qatar......................................4.5
Estonia...................................4.4
Oman.....................................4.3
Mauritania..............................4.3
Finland ...................................4.3
United Arab Emirates ............4.3
Iceland ...................................4.3
Barbados ...............................4.3
Switzerland ............................4.2
Tunisia....................................4.2
Sweden .................................4.0
Malaysia ................................4.0
Saudi Arabia...........................4.0
Bahrain ..................................4.0
Albania...................................4.0
China .....................................4.0
Luxembourg ..........................4.0
Cyprus ...................................4.0
Uganda ..................................3.9
New Zealand .........................3.9
Denmark ................................3.8
Ethiopia..................................3.8
Zambia...................................3.8
Mauritius ...............................3.8
Taiwan, China ........................3.7
Montenegro...........................3.7
Azerbaijan ..............................3.7
Brunei Darussalam ................3.7
Benin .....................................3.7
Honduras ...............................3.7
Indonesia ...............................3.7
Malawi ...................................3.7
Namibia .................................3.6
Austria ...................................3.6
Panama..................................3.6
Canada...................................3.6
Thailand .................................3.6
Tajikistan ................................3.6
Botswana ..............................3.6
Chile ......................................3.6
Guatemala .............................3.6
Ghana ....................................3.5
Guyana ..................................3.5
United States.........................3.5
Jordan....................................3.5
Trinidad and Tobago...............3.5
Slovenia .................................3.5
Timor-Leste............................3.5
Mali........................................3.4
El Salvador.............................3.4
Senegal..................................3.4
Mozambique..........................3.4
Paraguay ................................3.4
Norway ..................................3.4
Australia.................................3.4
Morocco ................................3.4
Lesotho .................................3.4
Nicaragua...............................3.4
Cambodia ..............................3.4
Burkina Faso..........................3.3
Tanzania .................................3.3
Cape Verde ............................3.3
Sri Lanka................................3.3
Costa Rica .............................3.3
Japan .....................................3.3
RANK
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Swaziland ..............................3.2
Pakistan .................................3.2
Kazakhstan ............................3.2
Bolivia ....................................3.2
Burundi ..................................3.2
Bulgaria..................................3.2
Netherlands ...........................3.1
Dominican Republic...............3.1
Egypt .....................................3.1
Zimbabwe..............................3.1
Turkey ....................................3.1
Lebanon.................................3.1
Uruguay .................................3.1
Kyrgyz Republic .....................3.1
Israel......................................3.1
Nigeria ...................................3.1
Ireland....................................3.1
Latvia .....................................3.1
United Kingdom.....................3.1
Macedonia, FYR ....................3.1
Armenia .................................3.1
Germany................................3.0
Madagascar ...........................3.0
South Africa...........................3.0
India.......................................3.0
Malta .....................................3.0
Ecuador .................................2.9
Romania ................................2.9
Iran, Islamic Rep....................2.9
Chad ......................................2.9
Cameroon..............................2.9
Bangladesh............................2.9
Cte dIvoire ..........................2.9
Moldova.................................2.8
Slovak Republic .....................2.8
Kenya.....................................2.8
Bosnia and Herzegovina........2.8
Korea, Rep.............................2.8
Libya ......................................2.8
Spain......................................2.8
Poland....................................2.7
Jamaica .................................2.7
Mongolia................................2.7
Nepal .....................................2.7
Lithuania ................................2.7
Mexico...................................2.7
Kuwait ...................................2.7
Czech Republic......................2.7
Peru .......................................2.7
Vietnam .................................2.6
Belgium .................................2.6
France....................................2.6
Argentina ...............................2.6
Colombia ...............................2.6
Ukraine ..................................2.6
Philippines .............................2.5
Portugal .................................2.5
Russian Federation................2.5
Greece...................................2.4
Syria.......................................2.3
Serbia ....................................2.3
Algeria ...................................2.3
Italy........................................2.2
Hungary .................................2.2
Venezuela ..............................2.1
Croatia ...................................2.1
Angola ...................................2.0
Puerto Rico............................2.0
Brazil ......................................1.9
MEAN: 3.3
1.10
How efficient is the legal framework in your country for private businesses in settling disputes? [1 = extremely inefficient; 7 = highly efficient] |
200910 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 3.8
Singapore ..............................6.3
Sweden .................................6.1
Hong Kong SAR ....................6.1
Norway ..................................5.8
New Zealand .........................5.7
Qatar......................................5.6
Finland ...................................5.5
United Kingdom.....................5.5
Netherlands ...........................5.4
Switzerland ............................5.4
Luxembourg ..........................5.4
Australia.................................5.4
Denmark................................5.4
Canada...................................5.3
Germany................................5.3
Oman.....................................5.2
Tunisia....................................5.2
Austria ...................................5.1
South Africa...........................5.1
Iceland ...................................5.1
Barbados ...............................5.0
United Arab Emirates ............4.9
France....................................4.9
Namibia .................................4.9
Gambia, The ..........................4.9
Chile ......................................4.8
Japan .....................................4.7
Cyprus ...................................4.7
Mauritius ...............................4.7
Malaysia ................................4.6
Puerto Rico............................4.6
Botswana ..............................4.6
United States.........................4.6
Ireland....................................4.5
Rwanda .................................4.5
Brunei Darussalam ................4.4
Saudi Arabia...........................4.4
Kuwait ...................................4.4
Jordan....................................4.4
Egypt .....................................4.3
Estonia...................................4.3
Sri Lanka................................4.3
Malta .....................................4.2
China .....................................4.2
Israel......................................4.2
Thailand .................................4.1
India.......................................4.1
Montenegro...........................4.1
Swaziland ..............................4.0
Ghana ....................................4.0
Taiwan, China ........................4.0
Belgium .................................4.0
Costa Rica .............................4.0
Zambia...................................3.9
Uruguay .................................3.9
Malawi ...................................3.9
Morocco ................................3.9
Bahrain ..................................3.9
Albania...................................3.8
Indonesia ...............................3.8
Vietnam .................................3.8
Trinidad and Tobago...............3.8
Uganda ..................................3.7
Tajikistan ................................3.7
Tanzania .................................3.7
Benin .....................................3.7
Ethiopia..................................3.7
Nigeria ...................................3.7
Burkina Faso..........................3.7
Libya ......................................3.7
RANK
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Senegal..................................3.6
Cambodia ..............................3.6
Turkey ....................................3.6
Spain......................................3.6
Korea, Rep.............................3.5
Mozambique..........................3.5
Lithuania ................................3.5
Dominican Republic...............3.5
Iran, Islamic Rep....................3.4
Mali........................................3.4
Slovenia .................................3.4
Cape Verde ............................3.4
Brazil ......................................3.4
Mauritania..............................3.4
Jamaica .................................3.4
Kazakhstan ............................3.4
Colombia ...............................3.4
Zimbabwe..............................3.4
Georgia ..................................3.4
Cameroon..............................3.3
Panama..................................3.3
Hungary .................................3.3
Algeria ...................................3.3
Azerbaijan ..............................3.3
Honduras ...............................3.2
Timor-Leste............................3.2
Czech Republic......................3.2
Greece...................................3.2
Macedonia, FYR ....................3.1
Kenya.....................................3.1
El Salvador.............................3.1
Mexico...................................3.1
Pakistan .................................3.1
Armenia .................................3.1
Guatemala .............................3.1
Poland....................................3.1
Lebanon.................................3.0
Peru .......................................3.0
Guyana ..................................3.0
Lesotho .................................3.0
Moldova.................................3.0
Cte dIvoire ..........................3.0
Bangladesh............................2.9
Russian Federation................2.9
Romania ................................2.9
Burundi ..................................2.9
Latvia .....................................2.9
Syria.......................................2.9
Chad ......................................2.9
Angola ...................................2.9
Madagascar ...........................2.8
Philippines .............................2.8
Portugal .................................2.8
Mongolia................................2.8
Bulgaria..................................2.7
Croatia ...................................2.7
Kyrgyz Republic .....................2.7
Nepal .....................................2.7
Italy........................................2.6
Argentina ...............................2.6
Nicaragua...............................2.6
Serbia ....................................2.6
Slovak Republic .....................2.6
Paraguay................................2.5
Ecuador .................................2.5
Bolivia ....................................2.5
Bosnia and Herzegovina........2.3
Ukraine ..................................2.3
Venezuela ..............................2.0
MEAN: 3.8
375
376
1.11
How efficient is the legal framework in your country for private businesses in challenging the legality of government actions and/or regulations?
[1 = extremely inefficient; 7 = highly efficient] | 200910 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 3.7
Sweden .................................5.8
Hong Kong SAR ....................5.8
Luxembourg ..........................5.6
Finland ...................................5.5
Switzerland ............................5.4
Singapore ..............................5.3
New Zealand .........................5.3
Germany ................................5.3
Norway ..................................5.3
Austria ...................................5.2
Denmark ................................5.2
Netherlands ...........................5.1
Australia.................................5.0
Iceland ...................................5.0
Namibia .................................4.9
United Kingdom.....................4.9
France....................................4.9
Canada...................................4.9
Tunisia....................................4.8
South Africa...........................4.7
Cyprus ...................................4.7
Barbados ...............................4.7
Oman.....................................4.7
Chile ......................................4.6
United Arab Emirates ............4.5
Botswana ..............................4.5
Ireland....................................4.5
Mauritius ...............................4.4
Saudi Arabia...........................4.4
Malaysia ................................4.4
Puerto Rico............................4.3
Qatar......................................4.3
Japan .....................................4.3
Uruguay .................................4.3
United States.........................4.3
Gambia, The ..........................4.2
India.......................................4.2
Costa Rica .............................4.2
Montenegro...........................4.2
Estonia...................................4.2
Kuwait ...................................4.2
Rwanda .................................4.2
Israel ......................................4.1
Belgium .................................4.1
Bahrain ..................................4.1
Taiwan, China ........................4.1
Sri Lanka................................4.1
Thailand .................................4.0
Malta .....................................4.0
Jordan....................................4.0
China .....................................4.0
Malawi ...................................3.9
Morocco ................................3.9
Trinidad and Tobago...............3.9
Indonesia ...............................3.9
Albania...................................3.8
Ghana ....................................3.8
Vietnam .................................3.8
Brunei Darussalam ................3.8
Swaziland ..............................3.8
Cambodia ..............................3.8
Azerbaijan ..............................3.7
Uganda ..................................3.7
Tajikistan ................................3.7
Spain......................................3.7
Zambia...................................3.6
Mali........................................3.6
Libya ......................................3.5
Egypt .....................................3.5
Ethiopia..................................3.5
RANK
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Brazil ......................................3.5
Tanzania .................................3.5
Colombia ...............................3.4
Turkey ....................................3.4
Benin .....................................3.4
Honduras ...............................3.4
Mexico...................................3.4
Mozambique..........................3.4
Slovenia .................................3.4
Nigeria ...................................3.3
Jamaica .................................3.3
Senegal..................................3.3
Mauritania..............................3.3
Czech Republic......................3.3
Kazakhstan ............................3.3
Panama..................................3.2
Korea, Rep.............................3.2
Cape Verde ............................3.2
Timor-Leste............................3.2
Angola ...................................3.2
Lithuania ................................3.2
Burkina Faso..........................3.2
Peru .......................................3.1
Greece...................................3.1
Poland....................................3.1
Pakistan .................................3.1
Cameroon..............................3.1
Georgia ..................................3.1
Moldova.................................3.1
Algeria ...................................3.1
El Salvador.............................3.0
Bangladesh............................3.0
Armenia .................................3.0
Guatemala .............................3.0
Chad ......................................3.0
Madagascar ...........................3.0
Guyana ..................................3.0
Kenya.....................................3.0
Portugal .................................3.0
Macedonia, FYR ....................3.0
Romania ................................2.9
Iran, Islamic Rep....................2.9
Mongolia................................2.9
Hungary .................................2.8
Russian Federation................2.8
Philippines .............................2.8
Cte dIvoire ..........................2.8
Latvia .....................................2.8
Bulgaria..................................2.8
Dominican Republic...............2.8
Syria.......................................2.7
Italy........................................2.7
Nepal .....................................2.7
Lesotho .................................2.7
Serbia ....................................2.7
Croatia ...................................2.6
Kyrgyz Republic .....................2.6
Burundi ..................................2.6
Paraguay................................2.5
Zimbabwe..............................2.4
Slovak Republic .....................2.4
Ecuador .................................2.4
Lebanon.................................2.4
Nicaragua...............................2.3
Bolivia ....................................2.3
Bosnia and Herzegovina........2.3
Argentina ...............................2.3
Ukraine ..................................2.3
Venezuela ..............................1.5
MEAN: 3.7
1.12
How easy is it for businesses in your country to obtain information about changes in government policies and regulations affecting their
activities? [1 = impossible; 7 = extremely easy] | 200910 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.4
Singapore ..............................6.3
Hong Kong SAR ....................6.2
New Zealand .........................6.0
Luxembourg ..........................5.9
Switzerland ............................5.8
Sweden .................................5.8
Taiwan, China ........................5.7
Finland ...................................5.6
Denmark................................5.6
Chile ......................................5.6
Canada...................................5.5
Norway ..................................5.4
Germany................................5.4
Estonia...................................5.4
Qatar......................................5.3
Iceland ...................................5.3
Austria ...................................5.3
Netherlands ...........................5.2
Australia.................................5.2
Tunisia....................................5.2
Barbados ...............................5.2
Rwanda .................................5.1
Slovenia .................................5.1
Mauritius ...............................5.1
Ireland....................................5.1
Botswana ..............................5.0
South Africa...........................5.0
France....................................4.9
Uruguay .................................4.9
Gambia, The ..........................4.9
Cyprus ...................................4.9
Oman.....................................4.9
Georgia ..................................4.9
United Kingdom.....................4.9
United Arab Emirates ............4.8
Montenegro...........................4.8
Malaysia ................................4.8
China .....................................4.8
Namibia .................................4.8
Saudi Arabia...........................4.8
United States.........................4.7
India.......................................4.7
Bahrain ..................................4.7
Benin .....................................4.6
Lithuania ................................4.6
Guatemala .............................4.6
Zambia...................................4.6
Japan .....................................4.6
Albania...................................4.6
Cape Verde ............................4.6
Malta .....................................4.6
Panama..................................4.5
Armenia .................................4.5
Turkey ....................................4.5
Jordan....................................4.5
Costa Rica .............................4.5
Malawi ...................................4.5
Azerbaijan ..............................4.5
Peru .......................................4.4
Colombia ...............................4.4
Dominican Republic...............4.4
Belgium .................................4.3
Thailand .................................4.3
Jamaica .................................4.3
Zimbabwe..............................4.3
Mozambique..........................4.3
Moldova.................................4.3
Egypt .....................................4.3
Uganda ..................................4.3
Spain......................................4.3
RANK
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Croatia ...................................4.3
Portugal .................................4.3
Vietnam .................................4.3
El Salvador.............................4.2
Kazakhstan ............................4.2
Morocco ................................4.2
Latvia .....................................4.2
Mali........................................4.2
Mexico...................................4.2
Macedonia, FYR ....................4.2
Trinidad and Tobago...............4.2
Slovak Republic .....................4.2
Honduras ...............................4.2
Guyana ..................................4.1
Tanzania .................................4.1
Burkina Faso..........................4.1
Brazil ......................................4.1
Brunei Darussalam ................4.1
Greece...................................4.1
Israel......................................4.1
Indonesia ...............................4.1
Mauritania..............................4.1
Swaziland ..............................4.1
Hungary .................................4.0
Kyrgyz Republic .....................4.0
Puerto Rico............................4.0
Serbia ....................................4.0
Nepal .....................................4.0
Ghana ....................................3.9
Ethiopia..................................3.9
Tajikistan ................................3.9
Czech Republic......................3.9
Senegal..................................3.9
Lebanon.................................3.9
Russian Federation................3.8
Bangladesh............................3.8
Sri Lanka................................3.8
Paraguay................................3.8
Kenya.....................................3.8
Cte dIvoire ..........................3.8
Korea, Rep.............................3.8
Ecuador .................................3.7
Poland....................................3.7
Ukraine ..................................3.7
Pakistan .................................3.7
Nicaragua...............................3.7
Cameroon..............................3.7
Kuwait ...................................3.7
Italy........................................3.7
Mongolia................................3.6
Algeria ...................................3.6
Lesotho .................................3.6
Philippines .............................3.6
Iran, Islamic Rep....................3.6
Cambodia ..............................3.6
Nigeria ...................................3.6
Angola ...................................3.5
Madagascar ...........................3.5
Argentina ...............................3.5
Bulgaria..................................3.5
Timor-Leste............................3.4
Bolivia ....................................3.4
Syria.......................................3.3
Burundi ..................................3.3
Libya ......................................3.0
Venezuela ..............................3.0
Romania ................................2.9
Chad ......................................2.8
Bosnia and Herzegovina........2.7
MEAN: 4.4
377
378
1.13
To what extent does the threat of terrorism impose costs on businesses in your country? [1 = significant costs; 7 = no costs] | 200910 weighted
average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 5.6
Uruguay .................................6.8
Rwanda .................................6.7
Iceland ...................................6.7
Slovak Republic .....................6.7
Lithuania ................................6.7
Syria.......................................6.7
Austria ...................................6.7
Finland ...................................6.7
Zimbabwe..............................6.6
Slovenia .................................6.6
Oman.....................................6.6
Estonia...................................6.6
Montenegro...........................6.6
Croatia ...................................6.6
Brazil ......................................6.6
Malta .....................................6.6
Angola ...................................6.5
Bosnia and Herzegovina........6.5
Mongolia................................6.5
Latvia .....................................6.5
Chile ......................................6.4
Hungary .................................6.4
Brunei Darussalam ................6.4
Czech Republic......................6.4
Norway ..................................6.4
Switzerland ............................6.4
Romania ................................6.4
Tunisia....................................6.4
Ireland....................................6.4
Sweden .................................6.4
Senegal..................................6.4
Armenia .................................6.4
Portugal .................................6.4
Argentina ...............................6.4
Luxembourg ..........................6.4
Denmark ................................6.3
Namibia .................................6.3
Qatar......................................6.3
Libya ......................................6.3
Costa Rica .............................6.3
Hong Kong SAR ....................6.3
South Africa...........................6.3
United Arab Emirates ............6.2
Swaziland ..............................6.2
Malawi ...................................6.2
Botswana ..............................6.2
Belgium .................................6.2
Moldova.................................6.2
Mauritius ...............................6.1
Kuwait ...................................6.1
Albania...................................6.1
Burkina Faso..........................6.1
Cyprus ...................................6.1
Cte dIvoire ..........................6.1
Zambia...................................6.1
Germany ................................6.1
Saudi Arabia...........................6.1
Ukraine ..................................6.0
Poland....................................6.0
Ghana ....................................6.0
Georgia ..................................5.9
Azerbaijan ..............................5.9
Taiwan, China ........................5.9
Tajikistan ................................5.9
Jordan....................................5.9
Macedonia, FYR ....................5.8
New Zealand .........................5.8
Barbados ...............................5.8
Puerto Rico............................5.8
Cameroon..............................5.8
RANK
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 5.6
1.14
To what extent does the incidence of crime and violence impose costs on businesses in your country? [1 = significant costs; 7 = no costs] |
200910 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.8
Syria.......................................6.6
Oman.....................................6.5
Qatar......................................6.4
United Arab Emirates ............6.4
Tunisia....................................6.4
Rwanda .................................6.4
Iceland ...................................6.4
Hong Kong SAR ....................6.4
Kuwait ...................................6.3
Finland ...................................6.2
Malta .....................................6.2
Switzerland ............................6.2
Luxembourg ..........................6.2
Norway ..................................6.2
Denmark................................6.1
Saudi Arabia...........................6.1
Singapore ..............................6.0
Brunei Darussalam ................6.0
Slovenia .................................6.0
Montenegro...........................6.0
Jordan....................................5.9
Austria ...................................5.9
Germany................................5.9
Libya ......................................5.9
Cyprus ...................................5.9
Belgium .................................5.8
Sweden .................................5.8
Ireland....................................5.8
Senegal..................................5.8
Estonia...................................5.7
Armenia .................................5.7
Romania ................................5.7
Portugal .................................5.6
New Zealand .........................5.6
Czech Republic......................5.6
Tajikistan ................................5.5
Lithuania ................................5.5
Bahrain ..................................5.5
Taiwan, China ........................5.5
Croatia ...................................5.5
Georgia ..................................5.5
France....................................5.5
Latvia .....................................5.4
Israel......................................5.4
Australia.................................5.4
Azerbaijan ..............................5.4
China .....................................5.3
Slovak Republic .....................5.3
Canada...................................5.3
Poland....................................5.3
Gambia, The ..........................5.3
Spain......................................5.2
Japan .....................................5.2
Ethiopia..................................5.2
United Kingdom.....................5.2
Albania...................................5.2
Morocco ................................5.2
Mali........................................5.1
Netherlands ...........................5.1
Moldova.................................5.1
Hungary .................................5.0
Lebanon.................................5.0
Burkina Faso..........................5.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina........5.0
Ukraine ..................................5.0
Macedonia, FYR ....................5.0
India.......................................5.0
Mauritania..............................4.9
Mauritius ...............................4.9
Uruguay .................................4.9
RANK
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Zimbabwe..............................4.9
Kazakhstan ............................4.8
Mongolia................................4.8
Algeria ...................................4.8
Indonesia ...............................4.7
Tanzania .................................4.7
Swaziland ..............................4.7
Chile ......................................4.6
Greece...................................4.6
Korea, Rep.............................4.6
Cameroon..............................4.6
Thailand .................................4.6
Botswana ..............................4.6
United States.........................4.5
Sri Lanka................................4.5
Turkey ....................................4.5
Zambia...................................4.5
Vietnam .................................4.5
Barbados ...............................4.5
Russian Federation................4.5
Malawi ...................................4.5
Italy........................................4.5
Malaysia ................................4.4
Serbia ....................................4.4
Cambodia ..............................4.4
Cape Verde ............................4.3
Egypt .....................................4.3
Angola ...................................4.2
Benin .....................................4.2
Kyrgyz Republic .....................4.2
Iran, Islamic Rep....................4.2
Ghana ....................................4.2
Bulgaria..................................4.2
Philippines .............................4.0
Nicaragua...............................4.0
Mozambique..........................4.0
Namibia .................................4.0
Puerto Rico............................4.0
Timor-Leste............................4.0
Bolivia ....................................4.0
Lesotho .................................3.9
Panama..................................3.8
Uganda ..................................3.8
Chad ......................................3.8
Costa Rica .............................3.7
Argentina ...............................3.7
Ecuador .................................3.7
Bangladesh............................3.6
Peru .......................................3.6
Nigeria ...................................3.5
Paraguay................................3.4
Madagascar ...........................3.4
Brazil ......................................3.3
Kenya.....................................3.3
Dominican Republic...............3.3
Pakistan .................................3.2
Guyana ..................................3.1
Cte dIvoire ..........................3.1
Burundi ..................................3.1
Nepal .....................................3.0
Trinidad and Tobago...............2.9
Mexico...................................2.7
Honduras ...............................2.7
Colombia ...............................2.5
Venezuela ..............................2.3
Jamaica .................................2.1
South Africa...........................2.1
El Salvador.............................1.8
Guatemala .............................1.7
MEAN: 4.8
379
380
1.15
Organized crime
To what extent does organized crime (mafia-oriented racketeering, extortion) impose costs on businesses in your country? [1 = significant costs;
7 = no costs] | 200910 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 5.2
Rwanda .................................6.9
Iceland ...................................6.8
Luxembourg ..........................6.8
Singapore ..............................6.7
Finland ...................................6.7
Syria.......................................6.7
United Arab Emirates ............6.7
Malta .....................................6.7
Sweden .................................6.7
Austria ...................................6.6
Norway ..................................6.6
Denmark ................................6.6
Jordan....................................6.6
Egypt .....................................6.6
Oman.....................................6.6
Saudi Arabia...........................6.6
Tunisia....................................6.6
Ireland....................................6.5
Estonia...................................6.5
Switzerland ............................6.5
New Zealand .........................6.5
Brunei Darussalam ................6.5
Barbados ...............................6.4
Uruguay .................................6.4
Belgium .................................6.3
Qatar......................................6.3
Kuwait ...................................6.3
Germany ................................6.3
Hong Kong SAR ....................6.2
Bahrain ..................................6.2
Portugal .................................6.2
Australia.................................6.2
Zimbabwe..............................6.1
Mauritius ...............................6.1
Senegal..................................6.0
Angola ...................................6.0
Latvia .....................................6.0
Lithuania ................................6.0
United Kingdom.....................6.0
Cyprus ...................................6.0
Netherlands ...........................6.0
Slovenia .................................6.0
Romania ................................5.9
Malawi ...................................5.9
Chile ......................................5.8
France....................................5.8
Gambia, The ..........................5.8
Libya ......................................5.8
Czech Republic......................5.8
Canada...................................5.8
Ethiopia..................................5.7
Botswana ..............................5.7
Montenegro...........................5.7
Swaziland ..............................5.7
Poland....................................5.7
Greece...................................5.6
Israel ......................................5.6
Morocco ................................5.6
Lebanon.................................5.6
Spain......................................5.6
Taiwan, China ........................5.5
Tajikistan ................................5.5
Georgia ..................................5.4
Zambia...................................5.4
Mauritania..............................5.4
Armenia .................................5.4
Puerto Rico............................5.4
Moldova.................................5.3
Tanzania .................................5.3
Ghana ....................................5.3
RANK
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Japan .....................................5.3
Hungary .................................5.3
India.......................................5.3
Croatia ...................................5.3
Namibia .................................5.3
China .....................................5.2
Malaysia ................................5.2
Mali........................................5.2
Slovak Republic .....................5.2
Cameroon..............................5.2
Burkina Faso..........................5.2
Albania...................................5.2
Thailand .................................5.1
Mongolia................................5.1
Korea, Rep.............................5.1
United States.........................5.1
Algeria ...................................5.1
Azerbaijan ..............................5.0
Sri Lanka................................5.0
Cambodia ..............................4.9
Lesotho .................................4.9
Macedonia, FYR ....................4.8
Cape Verde ............................4.8
Bosnia and Herzegovina........4.8
Kazakhstan ............................4.8
Guyana ..................................4.7
Vietnam .................................4.7
Indonesia ...............................4.7
Trinidad and Tobago...............4.7
Uganda ..................................4.7
Costa Rica .............................4.7
Iran, Islamic Rep....................4.6
Panama..................................4.5
Turkey ....................................4.4
Nicaragua...............................4.4
Philippines .............................4.4
Bangladesh............................4.4
Kyrgyz Republic .....................4.4
Peru .......................................4.3
Madagascar ...........................4.3
Serbia ....................................4.3
Russian Federation................4.3
Ecuador .................................4.3
South Africa...........................4.3
Argentina ...............................4.2
Ukraine ..................................4.2
Bolivia ....................................4.2
Timor-Leste............................4.2
Nigeria ...................................4.2
Paraguay................................4.1
Dominican Republic...............4.1
Mozambique..........................4.0
Kenya.....................................4.0
Bulgaria..................................3.9
Brazil ......................................3.9
Burundi ..................................3.9
Pakistan .................................3.9
Benin .....................................3.8
Chad ......................................3.8
Italy........................................3.7
Nepal .....................................3.7
Cte dIvoire ..........................3.4
Honduras ...............................3.2
Jamaica .................................3.2
Venezuela ..............................3.0
Mexico...................................2.9
Colombia ...............................2.5
Guatemala .............................2.2
El Salvador.............................2.2
MEAN: 5.2
1.16
To what extent can police services be relied upon to enforce law and order in your country? [1 = cannot be relied upon at all; 7 = can always be
relied upon] | 200910 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.3
Finland ...................................6.6
Singapore ..............................6.4
Iceland ...................................6.4
Hong Kong SAR ....................6.3
Chile ......................................6.3
Switzerland ............................6.3
Canada...................................6.2
Norway ..................................6.2
Qatar......................................6.2
Denmark................................6.2
United Arab Emirates ............6.2
Germany................................6.2
New Zealand .........................6.2
Sweden .................................6.1
Netherlands ...........................6.0
Luxembourg ..........................6.0
Ireland....................................6.0
Barbados ...............................6.0
Australia.................................5.9
Oman.....................................5.9
Rwanda .................................5.8
Japan .....................................5.8
Austria ...................................5.7
Jordan....................................5.7
Spain......................................5.7
United States.........................5.6
France....................................5.6
Belgium .................................5.6
Tunisia....................................5.5
Saudi Arabia...........................5.5
United Kingdom.....................5.5
Bahrain ..................................5.4
Estonia...................................5.4
Taiwan, China ........................5.4
Malta .....................................5.3
Brunei Darussalam ................5.1
Portugal .................................5.1
Gambia, The ..........................5.1
Kuwait ...................................5.0
Cyprus ...................................5.0
Vietnam .................................4.9
Puerto Rico............................4.9
Botswana ..............................4.8
Italy........................................4.8
Georgia ..................................4.7
Korea, Rep.............................4.7
Montenegro...........................4.7
Slovenia .................................4.7
Costa Rica .............................4.6
Malaysia ................................4.6
China .....................................4.6
Malawi ...................................4.6
Iran, Islamic Rep....................4.6
Namibia .................................4.5
Benin .....................................4.5
Uruguay .................................4.5
Albania...................................4.5
Croatia ...................................4.4
Ethiopia..................................4.4
Poland....................................4.4
Swaziland ..............................4.4
Morocco ................................4.3
Cape Verde ............................4.3
Colombia ...............................4.3
Mauritius ...............................4.3
Senegal..................................4.2
Hungary .................................4.2
India.......................................4.2
Macedonia, FYR ....................4.2
Ghana ....................................4.2
RANK
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Zambia...................................4.2
Romania ................................4.2
Bosnia and Herzegovina........4.1
Brazil ......................................4.1
Latvia .....................................4.1
Lithuania ................................4.0
Uganda ..................................4.0
Israel......................................4.0
Algeria ...................................4.0
Indonesia ...............................4.0
Egypt .....................................4.0
Panama..................................3.9
Angola ...................................3.8
Tanzania .................................3.8
Burkina Faso..........................3.8
Czech Republic......................3.8
Thailand .................................3.8
Tajikistan ................................3.8
Slovak Republic .....................3.8
Mozambique..........................3.7
Sri Lanka................................3.7
Greece...................................3.7
Timor-Leste............................3.7
Syria.......................................3.7
Azerbaijan ..............................3.7
Mongolia................................3.6
Serbia ....................................3.6
Turkey ....................................3.6
El Salvador.............................3.5
Libya ......................................3.5
Nicaragua...............................3.5
Lesotho .................................3.5
Cameroon..............................3.5
South Africa...........................3.4
Philippines .............................3.4
Honduras ...............................3.4
Trinidad and Tobago...............3.4
Lebanon.................................3.4
Jamaica .................................3.4
Mali........................................3.3
Bulgaria..................................3.3
Armenia .................................3.3
Kazakhstan ............................3.3
Guyana ..................................3.3
Cambodia ..............................3.2
Moldova.................................3.2
Kenya.....................................3.1
Peru .......................................3.1
Pakistan .................................3.1
Ecuador .................................3.0
Argentina ...............................3.0
Ukraine ..................................3.0
Bangladesh............................2.9
Nepal .....................................2.9
Nigeria ...................................2.8
Zimbabwe..............................2.8
Madagascar ...........................2.7
Russian Federation................2.7
Mauritania..............................2.7
Kyrgyz Republic .....................2.6
Chad ......................................2.6
Mexico...................................2.5
Guatemala .............................2.3
Dominican Republic...............2.3
Burundi ..................................2.3
Paraguay................................2.3
Cte dIvoire ..........................2.3
Bolivia ....................................2.1
Venezuela ..............................2.1
MEAN: 4.3
381
382
1.17
How would you compare the corporate ethics (ethical behavior in interactions with public officials, politicians, and other enterprises) of firms in
your country with those of other countries in the world? [1 = among the worst in the world; 7 = among the best in the world] | 200910 weighted
average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.2
Sweden .................................6.8
New Zealand .........................6.7
Finland ...................................6.6
Singapore ..............................6.6
Denmark ................................6.5
Switzerland ............................6.4
Norway ..................................6.4
Canada...................................6.3
Netherlands ...........................6.3
Australia.................................6.2
Austria ...................................6.2
Luxembourg ..........................6.1
Germany ................................6.0
United Kingdom.....................6.0
Hong Kong SAR ....................6.0
Iceland ...................................5.7
France....................................5.7
Japan .....................................5.6
Chile ......................................5.6
Barbados ...............................5.5
Belgium .................................5.5
United Arab Emirates ............5.4
Oman.....................................5.4
Israel ......................................5.3
Ireland....................................5.3
Bahrain ..................................5.3
Uruguay .................................5.3
Qatar......................................5.2
Tunisia....................................5.2
United States.........................5.2
Saudi Arabia...........................5.2
Brunei Darussalam ................5.0
Estonia...................................5.0
Rwanda .................................5.0
Costa Rica .............................5.0
Botswana ..............................5.0
Taiwan, China ........................4.9
Puerto Rico............................4.9
Cyprus ...................................4.7
Malta .....................................4.7
Spain......................................4.7
Malaysia ................................4.7
Gambia, The ..........................4.7
Cape Verde ............................4.6
Namibia .................................4.6
Mauritius ...............................4.6
Portugal .................................4.6
Jordan....................................4.5
Slovenia .................................4.5
South Africa...........................4.5
Kuwait ...................................4.4
Montenegro...........................4.4
Malawi ...................................4.3
Poland....................................4.2
China .....................................4.2
Panama..................................4.2
Korea, Rep.............................4.1
Albania...................................4.1
Egypt .....................................4.1
Sri Lanka................................4.1
Trinidad and Tobago...............4.0
El Salvador.............................4.0
Colombia ...............................3.9
Jamaica .................................3.9
Ethiopia..................................3.9
Ghana ....................................3.9
Azerbaijan ..............................3.9
Vietnam .................................3.9
Lithuania ................................3.9
India.......................................3.9
RANK
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Thailand .................................3.8
Zambia...................................3.8
Croatia ...................................3.8
Senegal..................................3.8
Guatemala .............................3.8
Morocco ................................3.8
Macedonia, FYR ....................3.8
Georgia ..................................3.8
Turkey ....................................3.7
Syria.......................................3.7
Honduras ...............................3.7
Italy........................................3.7
Guyana ..................................3.7
Iran, Islamic Rep....................3.7
Cambodia ..............................3.7
Peru .......................................3.6
Kazakhstan ............................3.6
Zimbabwe..............................3.6
Tanzania .................................3.6
Czech Republic......................3.6
Slovak Republic .....................3.6
Romania ................................3.6
Mexico...................................3.6
Brazil ......................................3.5
Latvia .....................................3.5
Benin .....................................3.5
Burkina Faso..........................3.5
Algeria ...................................3.5
Indonesia ...............................3.5
Pakistan .................................3.4
Tajikistan ................................3.4
Swaziland ..............................3.4
Timor-Leste............................3.4
Uganda ..................................3.4
Hungary .................................3.3
Greece...................................3.3
Moldova.................................3.3
Mozambique..........................3.3
Dominican Republic...............3.3
Bulgaria..................................3.3
Mali........................................3.3
Russian Federation................3.3
Ecuador .................................3.3
Cte dIvoire ..........................3.3
Argentina ...............................3.3
Bangladesh............................3.3
Kenya.....................................3.3
Armenia .................................3.2
Lesotho .................................3.2
Serbia ....................................3.2
Cameroon..............................3.2
Nicaragua...............................3.2
Lebanon.................................3.2
Bolivia ....................................3.2
Nigeria ...................................3.1
Madagascar ...........................3.1
Venezuela ..............................3.1
Chad ......................................3.1
Philippines .............................3.0
Ukraine ..................................3.0
Mauritania..............................2.9
Burundi ..................................2.9
Mongolia................................2.9
Nepal .....................................2.9
Kyrgyz Republic .....................2.9
Paraguay................................2.8
Libya ......................................2.8
Angola ...................................2.7
Bosnia and Herzegovina........2.6
MEAN: 4.2
1.18
In your country, how would you assess financial auditing and reporting standards regarding company financial performance? [1 = extremely
weak; 7 = extremely strong] | 200910 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.7
South Africa...........................6.4
Sweden .................................6.3
New Zealand .........................6.2
Singapore ..............................6.2
Finland ...................................6.2
Canada...................................6.1
Norway ..................................6.1
Malta .....................................6.0
Hong Kong SAR ....................5.9
Barbados ...............................5.9
Namibia .................................5.9
Qatar......................................5.8
Puerto Rico............................5.8
Australia.................................5.8
Netherlands ...........................5.8
Luxembourg ..........................5.8
Austria ...................................5.7
Cyprus ...................................5.7
Denmark................................5.7
Bahrain ..................................5.6
Germany................................5.6
United Kingdom.....................5.6
Belgium .................................5.6
Chile ......................................5.6
Switzerland ............................5.6
Estonia...................................5.6
France....................................5.5
Israel......................................5.5
Mauritius ...............................5.5
Taiwan, China ........................5.4
Hungary .................................5.4
Malaysia ................................5.4
Japan .....................................5.4
United Arab Emirates ............5.4
Saudi Arabia...........................5.4
Jordan....................................5.3
Oman.....................................5.3
Jamaica .................................5.3
Trinidad and Tobago...............5.3
Sri Lanka................................5.2
Gambia, The ..........................5.2
Thailand .................................5.1
Lithuania ................................5.1
Swaziland ..............................5.1
India.......................................5.1
Poland....................................5.1
Czech Republic......................5.1
Slovenia .................................5.1
Zimbabwe..............................5.1
Malawi ...................................5.1
Botswana ..............................5.0
Panama..................................5.0
Brunei Darussalam ................5.0
Tunisia....................................5.0
United States.........................5.0
Portugal .................................4.9
Spain......................................4.9
Egypt .....................................4.8
Slovak Republic .....................4.8
Peru .......................................4.8
China .....................................4.8
Costa Rica .............................4.8
El Salvador.............................4.8
Brazil ......................................4.8
Kuwait ...................................4.8
Kenya.....................................4.7
Uruguay .................................4.7
Mexico...................................4.7
Ireland....................................4.7
Macedonia, FYR ....................4.7
RANK
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Greece...................................4.7
Zambia...................................4.7
Ghana ....................................4.7
Senegal..................................4.7
Philippines .............................4.6
Iceland ...................................4.6
Romania ................................4.6
Indonesia ...............................4.6
Latvia .....................................4.6
Lebanon.................................4.6
Croatia ...................................4.5
Honduras ...............................4.5
Albania...................................4.5
Guatemala .............................4.5
Montenegro...........................4.4
Rwanda .................................4.4
Turkey ....................................4.4
Guyana ..................................4.4
Colombia ...............................4.3
Ethiopia..................................4.3
Bulgaria..................................4.3
Georgia ..................................4.3
Dominican Republic...............4.3
Tanzania .................................4.3
Korea, Rep.............................4.3
Moldova.................................4.3
Pakistan .................................4.2
Kazakhstan ............................4.2
Cape Verde ............................4.2
Morocco ................................4.2
Armenia .................................4.2
Nicaragua...............................4.1
Mozambique..........................4.1
Algeria ...................................4.0
Uganda ..................................4.0
Nepal .....................................4.0
Iran, Islamic Rep....................4.0
Ecuador .................................4.0
Venezuela ..............................4.0
Burkina Faso..........................4.0
Italy........................................4.0
Azerbaijan ..............................3.9
Paraguay................................3.9
Lesotho .................................3.9
Serbia ....................................3.8
Russian Federation................3.8
Mongolia................................3.8
Cte dIvoire ..........................3.8
Vietnam .................................3.8
Bangladesh............................3.8
Cambodia ..............................3.8
Argentina ...............................3.8
Cameroon..............................3.8
Tajikistan ................................3.7
Bolivia ....................................3.6
Mali........................................3.6
Benin .....................................3.5
Ukraine ..................................3.5
Kyrgyz Republic .....................3.5
Nigeria ...................................3.4
Bosnia and Herzegovina........3.4
Angola ...................................3.4
Syria.......................................3.4
Chad ......................................3.4
Libya ......................................3.4
Madagascar ...........................3.3
Timor-Leste............................3.2
Mauritania..............................3.1
Burundi ..................................2.9
MEAN: 4.7
383
384
1.19
How would you characterize corporate governance by investors and boards of directors in your country? [1 = management has little
accountability to investors and boards; 7 = investors and boards exert strong supervision of management decisions] | 200910 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.6
Sweden .................................5.9
South Africa...........................5.8
Rwanda .................................5.8
Canada...................................5.7
Singapore ..............................5.6
Norway ..................................5.5
Australia.................................5.5
New Zealand .........................5.5
Finland ...................................5.5
Qatar......................................5.4
Luxembourg ..........................5.3
Netherlands ...........................5.3
Denmark ................................5.2
Switzerland ............................5.2
Germany ................................5.2
United Kingdom.....................5.2
Malaysia ................................5.2
Chile ......................................5.1
Japan .....................................5.1
Puerto Rico............................5.1
Namibia .................................5.0
Cte dIvoire ..........................5.0
Taiwan, China ........................5.0
Bahrain ..................................5.0
El Salvador.............................5.0
Saudi Arabia...........................5.0
Belgium .................................5.0
United States.........................5.0
Guatemala .............................5.0
Austria ...................................5.0
France....................................5.0
Oman.....................................4.9
Tunisia....................................4.9
Sri Lanka................................4.9
Lithuania ................................4.9
Slovak Republic .....................4.9
Benin .....................................4.9
Gambia, The ..........................4.9
Zambia...................................4.9
Costa Rica .............................4.8
Trinidad and Tobago...............4.8
Mauritius ...............................4.8
Czech Republic......................4.8
Hong Kong SAR ....................4.8
United Arab Emirates ............4.8
Brunei Darussalam ................4.8
Albania...................................4.8
Cameroon..............................4.8
Barbados ...............................4.8
Zimbabwe..............................4.8
Iceland ...................................4.8
Uganda ..................................4.7
Ghana ....................................4.7
Indonesia ...............................4.7
Peru .......................................4.7
Philippines .............................4.7
Malawi ...................................4.7
Malta .....................................4.7
Honduras ...............................4.7
Colombia ...............................4.7
Senegal..................................4.7
Israel ......................................4.6
Panama..................................4.6
Morocco ................................4.6
Botswana ..............................4.6
Estonia...................................4.6
Brazil ......................................4.5
Hungary .................................4.5
Burundi ..................................4.5
Lesotho .................................4.5
RANK
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Burkina Faso..........................4.5
Guyana ..................................4.5
Poland....................................4.5
Vietnam .................................4.5
Montenegro...........................4.5
India.......................................4.5
Dominican Republic...............4.5
Thailand .................................4.5
Moldova.................................4.4
Ethiopia..................................4.4
Jordan....................................4.4
Egypt .....................................4.4
Uruguay .................................4.4
Ireland....................................4.4
China .....................................4.4
Kazakhstan ............................4.4
Swaziland ..............................4.4
Romania ................................4.4
Latvia .....................................4.4
Ukraine ..................................4.3
Jamaica .................................4.3
Kenya.....................................4.3
Spain......................................4.3
Portugal .................................4.3
Cambodia ..............................4.3
Lebanon.................................4.3
Madagascar ...........................4.2
Korea, Rep.............................4.2
Nicaragua...............................4.2
Tanzania .................................4.2
Iran, Islamic Rep....................4.2
Azerbaijan ..............................4.2
Ecuador .................................4.2
Argentina ...............................4.2
Turkey ....................................4.2
Macedonia, FYR ....................4.1
Nigeria ...................................4.1
Cyprus ...................................4.1
Georgia ..................................4.1
Algeria ...................................4.1
Bulgaria..................................4.1
Mexico...................................4.1
Russian Federation................4.1
Kuwait ...................................4.1
Pakistan .................................4.1
Cape Verde ............................4.1
Syria.......................................4.0
Slovenia .................................4.0
Nepal .....................................4.0
Greece...................................4.0
Kyrgyz Republic .....................4.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina........4.0
Bangladesh............................4.0
Mali........................................4.0
Mozambique..........................4.0
Italy........................................3.9
Paraguay................................3.9
Mongolia................................3.9
Bolivia ....................................3.9
Armenia .................................3.9
Croatia ...................................3.8
Chad ......................................3.8
Venezuela ..............................3.8
Serbia ....................................3.7
Tajikistan ................................3.6
Timor-Leste............................3.6
Angola ...................................3.6
Mauritania..............................3.5
Libya ......................................2.8
MEAN: 4.6
1.20
In your country, to what extent are the interests of minority shareholders protected by the legal system? [1 = not protected at all; 7 = fully
protected] | 200910 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.3
Sweden .................................6.0
Finland ...................................5.9
Norway ..................................5.8
Puerto Rico............................5.8
New Zealand .........................5.6
South Africa...........................5.6
Singapore ..............................5.5
Canada...................................5.4
Denmark................................5.4
Malta .....................................5.4
Tunisia....................................5.3
Oman.....................................5.3
Germany................................5.2
Namibia .................................5.2
Australia.................................5.2
Mauritius ...............................5.2
United Kingdom.....................5.1
Netherlands ...........................5.1
Saudi Arabia...........................5.1
Bahrain ..................................5.1
Cyprus ...................................5.1
Gambia, The ..........................5.1
Luxembourg ..........................5.1
United Arab Emirates ............5.1
Israel......................................5.0
Malaysia ................................5.0
Japan .....................................5.0
Ethiopia..................................4.9
Belgium .................................4.9
Jordan....................................4.9
Barbados ...............................4.9
Hong Kong SAR ....................4.9
Qatar......................................4.8
Taiwan, China ........................4.8
Greece...................................4.8
Chile ......................................4.8
Botswana ..............................4.8
Austria ...................................4.8
Brunei Darussalam ................4.8
United States.........................4.8
Switzerland ............................4.7
Rwanda .................................4.7
France....................................4.7
Thailand .................................4.6
Panama..................................4.6
Egypt .....................................4.6
Sri Lanka................................4.6
Indonesia ...............................4.6
Ghana ....................................4.6
Jamaica .................................4.6
Zimbabwe..............................4.6
Portugal .................................4.5
Senegal..................................4.5
Estonia...................................4.5
India.......................................4.5
Syria.......................................4.5
Ireland....................................4.5
Morocco ................................4.5
Costa Rica .............................4.5
Poland....................................4.5
Malawi ...................................4.4
Zambia...................................4.4
Peru .......................................4.4
Brazil ......................................4.4
Cameroon..............................4.4
China .....................................4.4
Benin .....................................4.3
Uruguay .................................4.3
Swaziland ..............................4.3
Vietnam .................................4.3
RANK
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Mauritania..............................4.3
Lebanon.................................4.2
Slovak Republic .....................4.2
Spain......................................4.1
Cape Verde ............................4.1
Trinidad and Tobago...............4.1
Burkina Faso..........................4.1
Hungary .................................4.1
Romania ................................4.1
Philippines .............................4.1
Mexico...................................4.1
Albania...................................4.0
Iceland ...................................4.0
Kuwait ...................................4.0
Lithuania ................................4.0
Uganda ..................................4.0
Montenegro...........................4.0
Honduras ...............................4.0
Czech Republic......................4.0
Colombia ...............................4.0
Tanzania .................................4.0
Mozambique..........................3.9
Latvia .....................................3.9
Pakistan .................................3.9
Algeria ...................................3.9
Tajikistan ................................3.9
Turkey ....................................3.9
Iran, Islamic Rep....................3.9
Cte dIvoire ..........................3.9
Kenya.....................................3.9
Mali........................................3.8
Korea, Rep.............................3.8
Cambodia ..............................3.8
Paraguay................................3.8
Guyana ..................................3.8
El Salvador.............................3.8
Azerbaijan ..............................3.8
Guatemala .............................3.8
Dominican Republic...............3.8
Chad ......................................3.7
Moldova.................................3.7
Macedonia, FYR ....................3.7
Ecuador .................................3.7
Lesotho .................................3.6
Angola ...................................3.6
Kazakhstan ............................3.6
Nigeria ...................................3.6
Libya ......................................3.6
Slovenia .................................3.6
Madagascar ...........................3.5
Argentina ...............................3.5
Georgia ..................................3.5
Croatia ...................................3.5
Bulgaria..................................3.5
Bangladesh............................3.4
Nepal .....................................3.4
Nicaragua...............................3.4
Italy........................................3.4
Burundi ..................................3.3
Venezuela ..............................3.3
Armenia .................................3.2
Russian Federation................3.2
Timor-Leste............................3.1
Mongolia................................3.1
Bolivia ....................................3.0
Kyrgyz Republic .....................3.0
Serbia ....................................2.9
Ukraine ..................................2.8
Bosnia and Herzegovina........2.7
MEAN: 4.3
385
386
1.21
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
5
5
5
5
10
10
12
12
12
15
16
16
16
16
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
27
27
27
27
27
27
33
33
33
33
33
33
33
33
33
33
33
33
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
59
59
59
59
59
59
59
59
59
59
59
59
SCORE
RANK
New Zealand.............................9.7
Singapore..................................9.3
Hong Kong SAR........................9.0
Malaysia....................................8.7
Canada ......................................8.3
Colombia...................................8.3
Ireland .......................................8.3
Israel .........................................8.3
United States ............................8.3
South Africa ..............................8.0
United Kingdom ........................8.0
Kyrgyz Republic ........................7.7
Mauritius...................................7.7
Thailand.....................................7.7
Albania ......................................7.3
Belgium.....................................7.0
Japan ........................................7.0
Puerto Rico ...............................7.0
Saudi Arabia ..............................7.0
Azerbaijan .................................6.7
Bangladesh ...............................6.7
Macedonia, FYR .......................6.7
Norway .....................................6.7
Peru ..........................................6.7
Slovenia ....................................6.7
Trinidad and Tobago ..................6.7
Denmark ...................................6.3
Kuwait.......................................6.3
Mongolia ...................................6.3
Montenegro ..............................6.3
Pakistan ....................................6.3
Rwanda.....................................6.3
Botswana..................................6.0
Bulgaria .....................................6.0
Chile..........................................6.0
Georgia .....................................6.0
Ghana........................................6.0
India ..........................................6.0
Indonesia ..................................6.0
Mexico ......................................6.0
Mozambique .............................6.0
Poland .......................................6.0
Portugal.....................................6.0
Romania....................................6.0
Angola.......................................5.7
Australia ....................................5.7
Bahrain......................................5.7
Dominican Republic ..................5.7
Estonia ......................................5.7
Finland ......................................5.7
Italy ...........................................5.7
Kazakhstan................................5.7
Latvia ........................................5.7
Madagascar ..............................5.7
Nigeria.......................................5.7
Paraguay ...................................5.7
Sweden.....................................5.7
Turkey .......................................5.7
Algeria.......................................5.3
Brazil .........................................5.3
Cambodia..................................5.3
Egypt.........................................5.3
France .......................................5.3
Guyana......................................5.3
Iceland ......................................5.3
Jamaica.....................................5.3
Korea, Rep. ...............................5.3
Malawi ......................................5.3
Namibia.....................................5.3
Nepal.........................................5.3
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
59
59
59
59
59
59
77
77
77
77
77
77
77
77
77
77
77
77
77
77
77
77
93
93
93
93
93
93
99
99
99
99
99
99
99
99
99
99
109
109
109
109
109
109
109
109
109
109
119
119
119
119
123
123
123
123
127
127
127
127
127
127
133
133
135
136
n/a
n/a
n/a
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Serbia........................................5.3
Sri Lanka ...................................5.3
Taiwan, China............................5.3
Tajikistan ...................................5.3
Tunisia .......................................5.3
Zambia ......................................5.3
Armenia ....................................5.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina ...........5.0
China.........................................5.0
Cyprus.......................................5.0
Czech Republic .........................5.0
Germany ...................................5.0
Kenya ........................................5.0
Lebanon ....................................5.0
Lithuania ...................................5.0
Nicaragua ..................................5.0
Oman ........................................5.0
Qatar .........................................5.0
Russian Federation ...................5.0
Spain .........................................5.0
Tanzania ....................................5.0
Uruguay ....................................5.0
Argentina ..................................4.7
Moldova ....................................4.7
Netherlands ..............................4.7
Panama .....................................4.7
Slovak Republic ........................4.7
Ukraine......................................4.7
Brunei Darussalam ...................4.3
Cameroon .................................4.3
El Salvador ................................4.3
Ethiopia .....................................4.3
Hungary ....................................4.3
Jordan .......................................4.3
Luxembourg..............................4.3
Syria ..........................................4.3
United Arab Emirates ...............4.3
Zimbabwe .................................4.3
Austria.......................................4.0
Bolivia .......................................4.0
Cape Verde ...............................4.0
Chad..........................................4.0
Croatia.......................................4.0
Ecuador.....................................4.0
Guatemala.................................4.0
Philippines.................................4.0
Timor-Leste ...............................4.0
Uganda......................................4.0
Burkina Faso .............................3.7
Lesotho.....................................3.7
Mali ...........................................3.7
Mauritania .................................3.7
Benin.........................................3.3
Burundi .....................................3.3
Cte dIvoire .............................3.3
Greece ......................................3.3
Costa Rica.................................3.0
Honduras ..................................3.0
Iran, Islamic Rep. ......................3.0
Morocco....................................3.0
Senegal .....................................3.0
Switzerland ...............................3.0
Gambia, The .............................2.7
Vietnam.....................................2.7
Venezuela..................................2.3
Swaziland..................................2.0
Barbados ...................................n/a
Libya..........................................n/a
Malta .........................................n/a
Data Tables
Section II
Infrastructure
387
388
2.01
How would you assess general infrastructure (e.g., transport, telephony, and energy) in your country? [1 = extremely underdeveloped;
7 = extensive and efficient by international standards] | 200910 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.3
Switzerland ............................6.8
Hong Kong SAR ....................6.7
Singapore ..............................6.6
France....................................6.6
Iceland ...................................6.6
Austria ...................................6.4
Sweden .................................6.4
Finland ...................................6.4
Germany ................................6.3
Denmark ................................6.3
United Arab Emirates ............6.2
Korea, Rep.............................6.0
Canada...................................6.0
Portugal .................................6.0
Japan .....................................6.0
Luxembourg ..........................6.0
Netherlands ...........................5.9
Barbados ...............................5.9
Taiwan, China ........................5.9
Belgium .................................5.8
Oman.....................................5.8
Spain......................................5.8
United States.........................5.8
Chile ......................................5.7
Namibia .................................5.6
Bahrain ..................................5.6
Malaysia ................................5.5
Estonia...................................5.5
Saudi Arabia...........................5.5
Tunisia....................................5.5
Cyprus ...................................5.4
Slovenia .................................5.3
United Kingdom.....................5.3
Australia.................................5.2
Jordan....................................5.2
Brunei Darussalam ................5.1
Czech Republic......................5.1
Norway ..................................5.1
Qatar......................................5.1
Turkey ....................................5.1
Lithuania ................................5.1
Croatia ...................................5.1
Puerto Rico............................5.1
El Salvador.............................5.1
Kuwait ...................................4.9
Thailand .................................4.9
Israel ......................................4.9
New Zealand .........................4.8
Hungary .................................4.8
Guatemala .............................4.8
Latvia .....................................4.7
Gambia, The ..........................4.7
Trinidad and Tobago...............4.7
Botswana ..............................4.7
Malta .....................................4.7
South Africa...........................4.6
Mauritius ...............................4.6
Greece...................................4.5
Uruguay .................................4.5
Swaziland ..............................4.5
Sri Lanka................................4.4
Georgia ..................................4.4
Azerbaijan ..............................4.4
Jamaica .................................4.4
Slovak Republic .....................4.4
Panama..................................4.3
Rwanda .................................4.3
Egypt .....................................4.3
Ireland....................................4.2
Ukraine ..................................4.1
RANK
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Morocco ................................4.1
China .....................................4.1
Italy........................................4.0
Kazakhstan ............................4.0
Iran, Islamic Rep....................4.0
Armenia .................................4.0
Costa Rica .............................3.9
Albania...................................3.9
Mexico...................................3.9
Cte dIvoire ..........................3.9
Senegal..................................3.9
Honduras ...............................3.8
Cambodia ..............................3.8
Brazil ......................................3.8
Ghana ....................................3.8
Algeria ...................................3.8
Ethiopia..................................3.8
Kenya.....................................3.8
Macedonia, FYR ....................3.7
Indonesia ...............................3.7
India.......................................3.6
Peru .......................................3.6
Tajikistan ................................3.6
Russian Federation................3.6
Syria.......................................3.6
Guyana ..................................3.6
Colombia ...............................3.6
Ecuador .................................3.5
Cape Verde ............................3.5
Pakistan .................................3.5
Kyrgyz Republic .....................3.5
Argentina ...............................3.5
Zambia...................................3.4
Lesotho .................................3.4
Uganda ..................................3.4
Malawi ...................................3.4
Mali........................................3.4
Poland....................................3.4
Bolivia ....................................3.3
Mozambique..........................3.3
Dominican Republic...............3.2
Madagascar ...........................3.2
Philippines .............................3.2
Nicaragua...............................3.2
Libya ......................................3.2
Zimbabwe..............................3.2
Venezuela ..............................3.1
Montenegro...........................3.1
Moldova.................................3.1
Bulgaria..................................3.1
Cameroon..............................3.1
Serbia ....................................3.0
Vietnam .................................3.0
Tanzania .................................3.0
Benin .....................................2.9
Burundi ..................................2.8
Mauritania..............................2.8
Burkina Faso..........................2.8
Timor-Leste............................2.7
Bangladesh............................2.7
Chad ......................................2.5
Lebanon.................................2.5
Nepal .....................................2.4
Nigeria ...................................2.4
Paraguay................................2.4
Romania ................................2.4
Mongolia................................2.3
Angola ...................................2.2
Bosnia and Herzegovina........2.0
MEAN: 4.3
2.02
Quality of roads
How would you assess roads in your country? [1 = extremely underdeveloped; 7 = extensive and efficient by international standards] | 200910
weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.0
Singapore ..............................6.6
France....................................6.6
Switzerland ............................6.5
Hong Kong SAR ....................6.5
Germany................................6.4
United Arab Emirates ............6.3
Austria ...................................6.3
Portugal .................................6.2
Denmark................................6.2
Oman.....................................6.2
Luxembourg ..........................5.9
Chile ......................................5.9
Finland ...................................5.9
Korea, Rep.............................5.8
Namibia .................................5.8
Taiwan, China ........................5.8
Canada...................................5.7
Sweden .................................5.7
United States.........................5.7
Spain......................................5.7
Malaysia ................................5.7
Japan .....................................5.6
Cyprus ...................................5.6
Belgium .................................5.5
Bahrain ..................................5.5
Saudi Arabia...........................5.5
Netherlands ...........................5.4
Iceland ...................................5.4
El Salvador.............................5.4
Australia.................................5.3
Croatia ...................................5.3
Lithuania ................................5.3
Brunei Darussalam ................5.3
Barbados ...............................5.3
United Kingdom.....................5.1
Thailand .................................5.1
Tunisia....................................5.1
Puerto Rico............................5.1
Swaziland ..............................5.1
Kuwait ...................................5.0
Qatar......................................4.9
Slovenia .................................4.8
South Africa...........................4.8
Jordan....................................4.7
New Zealand .........................4.7
Turkey ....................................4.7
Botswana ..............................4.6
Estonia...................................4.5
Uruguay .................................4.4
Israel......................................4.4
Gambia, The ..........................4.3
Ireland....................................4.3
China .....................................4.3
Italy........................................4.2
Sri Lanka................................4.2
Rwanda .................................4.1
Greece...................................4.1
Mauritius ...............................4.1
Panama..................................4.1
Ethiopia..................................4.1
Guatemala .............................4.1
Mexico...................................4.1
Hungary .................................4.1
Trinidad and Tobago...............4.0
Georgia ..................................3.9
Algeria ...................................3.9
Slovak Republic .....................3.9
Cape Verde ............................3.9
Guyana ..................................3.9
Azerbaijan ..............................3.8
RANK
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Jamaica .................................3.8
Pakistan .................................3.8
Cambodia ..............................3.8
Iran, Islamic Rep....................3.7
Egypt .....................................3.7
Malawi ...................................3.6
Kenya.....................................3.6
Dominican Republic...............3.6
Norway ..................................3.6
Czech Republic......................3.6
Albania...................................3.5
Honduras ...............................3.5
Ecuador .................................3.5
Indonesia ...............................3.5
Syria.......................................3.5
Ghana ....................................3.4
Armenia .................................3.4
Morocco ................................3.4
Argentina ...............................3.3
India.......................................3.3
Senegal..................................3.3
Peru .......................................3.3
Cte dIvoire ..........................3.2
Zimbabwe..............................3.2
Nicaragua...............................3.2
Venezuela ..............................3.2
Libya ......................................3.1
Latvia .....................................3.1
Macedonia, FYR ....................3.1
Bangladesh............................3.0
Lebanon.................................3.0
Tajikistan ................................3.0
Mali........................................2.9
Tanzania .................................2.9
Brazil ......................................2.9
Madagascar ...........................2.9
Benin .....................................2.9
Colombia ...............................2.9
Lesotho .................................2.9
Zambia...................................2.8
Costa Rica .............................2.8
Montenegro...........................2.8
Malta .....................................2.8
Philippines .............................2.8
Angola ...................................2.8
Cameroon..............................2.8
Vietnam .................................2.7
Kyrgyz Republic .....................2.7
Uganda ..................................2.7
Burundi ..................................2.7
Bolivia ....................................2.6
Burkina Faso..........................2.6
Serbia ....................................2.5
Kazakhstan ............................2.4
Russian Federation................2.4
Chad ......................................2.4
Mauritania..............................2.4
Nigeria ...................................2.4
Mozambique..........................2.4
Nepal .....................................2.3
Poland....................................2.2
Timor-Leste............................2.2
Paraguay................................2.2
Romania ................................2.1
Bulgaria..................................2.1
Ukraine ..................................2.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina........1.8
Mongolia................................1.7
Moldova.................................1.3
MEAN: 4.0
389
390
2.03
How would you assess the railroad system in your country? [1 = extremely underdeveloped; 7 = extensive and efficient by international standards]
| 200910 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 3.2
Switzerland ............................6.8
Hong Kong SAR ....................6.7
Japan .....................................6.6
France....................................6.5
Germany ................................6.2
Singapore ..............................5.8
Finland ...................................5.8
Taiwan, China ........................5.7
Netherlands ...........................5.7
Korea, Rep.............................5.7
Belgium .................................5.5
Denmark ................................5.4
Spain......................................5.4
Sweden .................................5.4
Austria ...................................5.3
Canada...................................5.3
Luxembourg ..........................5.2
United States.........................4.8
United Kingdom.....................4.7
Malaysia ................................4.7
Slovak Republic .....................4.7
Czech Republic......................4.6
India.......................................4.6
Portugal .................................4.5
Ukraine ..................................4.4
Australia.................................4.4
China .....................................4.3
Lithuania ................................4.3
Tunisia....................................4.2
Namibia .................................4.1
Russian Federation................4.1
Kazakhstan ............................4.0
Latvia .....................................3.9
Azerbaijan ..............................3.9
Swaziland ..............................3.7
Estonia...................................3.7
Morocco ................................3.7
Saudi Arabia...........................3.6
Italy ........................................3.6
Sri Lanka................................3.6
Georgia ..................................3.6
Ireland....................................3.5
Hungary .................................3.5
Botswana ..............................3.5
New Zealand .........................3.4
Egypt .....................................3.4
South Africa...........................3.3
Croatia ...................................3.3
Slovenia .................................3.2
Norway ..................................3.2
Tajikistan ................................3.2
Israel ......................................3.2
Iran, Islamic Rep....................3.2
Bulgaria..................................3.1
Pakistan .................................3.1
Indonesia ...............................3.0
Thailand .................................3.0
Panama..................................3.0
Vietnam .................................2.9
Kyrgyz Republic .....................2.8
Zimbabwe..............................2.8
Poland....................................2.7
Turkey ....................................2.7
Greece...................................2.7
Algeria ...................................2.7
Syria.......................................2.6
Moldova.................................2.6
Montenegro...........................2.6
Mongolia................................2.5
Romania ................................2.5
RANK
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Bangladesh............................2.5
Tanzania .................................2.4
Mozambique..........................2.4
Kenya.....................................2.3
Cameroon..............................2.3
Mexico...................................2.3
Chile ......................................2.2
Malawi ...................................2.2
Armenia .................................2.2
Cte dIvoire ..........................2.1
Macedonia, FYR ....................2.1
Argentina ...............................2.1
Dominican Republic...............2.0
Zambia...................................2.0
Mali........................................2.0
Mauritania..............................2.0
Brazil ......................................1.9
Benin .....................................1.9
Senegal..................................1.9
Guyana ..................................1.9
Peru .......................................1.9
Burkina Faso..........................1.8
Serbia ....................................1.7
Bolivia ....................................1.7
Bosnia and Herzegovina........1.7
Madagascar ...........................1.7
Philippines .............................1.7
Jordan....................................1.6
Cambodia ..............................1.6
Costa Rica .............................1.6
Venezuela ..............................1.5
Colombia ...............................1.5
Ethiopia..................................1.5
Nigeria ...................................1.5
Honduras ...............................1.5
Ghana ....................................1.4
Angola ...................................1.4
Uruguay .................................1.4
Albania...................................1.3
El Salvador.............................1.2
Uganda ..................................1.2
Nepal .....................................1.2
Ecuador .................................1.1
Guatemala .............................1.1
Paraguay................................1.0
Lebanon.................................1.0
Bahrain.............................n/appl.
Barbados..........................n/appl.
Brunei Darussalam...........n/appl.
Burundi ............................n/appl.
Cape Verde ......................n/appl.
Chad.................................n/appl.
Cyprus..............................n/appl.
Gambia, The.....................n/appl.
Iceland .............................n/appl.
Jamaica............................n/appl.
Kuwait ..............................n/appl.
Lesotho............................n/appl.
Libya ................................n/appl.
Malta ................................n/appl.
Mauritius ..........................n/appl.
Nicaragua .........................n/appl.
Oman ...............................n/appl.
Puerto Rico ......................n/appl.
Qatar ................................n/appl.
Rwanda............................n/appl.
Timor-Leste ......................n/appl.
Trinidad and Tobago .........n/appl.
United Arab Emirates ......n/appl.
MEAN: 3.2
2.04
How would you assess port facilities in your country? [1 = extremely underdeveloped; 7 = well developed and efficient by international standards]
For landlocked countries, the question is as follows: How accessible are port facilities? [1 = extremely inaccessible; 7 = extremely accessible] |
200910 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.3
RANK
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
El Salvador.............................4.1
Turkey ....................................4.1
Pakistan .................................4.0
Greece...................................4.0
Georgia ..................................4.0
Benin .....................................4.0
Hungary .................................4.0
Slovak Republic .....................4.0
Croatia ...................................4.0
Burkina Faso..........................3.9
Italy........................................3.9
Cambodia ..............................3.9
India.......................................3.9
Iran, Islamic Rep....................3.9
Kenya.....................................3.8
Botswana ..............................3.8
Bulgaria..................................3.8
Argentina ...............................3.8
Mexico...................................3.7
Macedonia, FYR ....................3.7
Mali........................................3.7
Ecuador .................................3.7
Russian Federation................3.7
Ukraine ..................................3.6
Zambia...................................3.6
Indonesia ...............................3.6
Vietnam .................................3.6
Mauritania..............................3.6
Malawi ...................................3.6
Albania...................................3.5
Uganda ..................................3.5
Cape Verde ............................3.5
Guyana ..................................3.5
Mozambique..........................3.5
Colombia ...............................3.5
Montenegro...........................3.4
Bangladesh............................3.4
Madagascar ...........................3.4
Paraguay................................3.4
Cameroon..............................3.3
Kazakhstan ............................3.3
Mongolia................................3.3
Peru .......................................3.3
Poland....................................3.3
Algeria ...................................3.2
Libya ......................................3.2
Syria.......................................3.1
Lesotho .................................3.1
Tanzania .................................3.0
Burundi ..................................3.0
Nigeria ...................................3.0
Romania ................................3.0
Brazil ......................................2.9
Moldova.................................2.9
Nepal .....................................2.9
Nicaragua...............................2.9
Bolivia ....................................2.9
Armenia .................................2.9
Serbia ....................................2.8
Rwanda .................................2.8
Philippines .............................2.8
Costa Rica .............................2.7
Chad ......................................2.6
Timor-Leste............................2.5
Venezuela ..............................2.4
Angola ...................................2.1
Tajikistan ................................1.9
Bosnia and Herzegovina........1.6
Kyrgyz Republic .....................1.4
MEAN: 4.3
391
392
2.05
How would you assess passenger air transport infrastructure in your country? [1 = extremely underdeveloped; 7 = extensive and efficient by
international standards] | 200910 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.7
RANK
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
India.......................................4.6
Croatia ...................................4.6
Ecuador .................................4.6
Estonia...................................4.6
Cte dIvoire ..........................4.5
Senegal..................................4.5
Armenia .................................4.5
Peru .......................................4.5
China .....................................4.4
Costa Rica .............................4.4
Pakistan .................................4.3
Cape Verde ............................4.3
Cambodia ..............................4.3
Italy........................................4.3
Ghana ....................................4.2
Georgia ..................................4.2
Nicaragua...............................4.2
Vietnam .................................4.2
Colombia ...............................4.1
Bulgaria..................................4.1
Montenegro...........................4.1
Mozambique..........................4.1
Brazil ......................................4.0
Botswana ..............................4.0
Kazakhstan ............................3.9
Benin .....................................3.9
Rwanda .................................3.9
Algeria ...................................3.9
Zimbabwe..............................3.9
Uganda ..................................3.9
Nigeria ...................................3.9
Romania ................................3.9
Bolivia ....................................3.8
Russian Federation................3.8
Guyana ..................................3.8
Madagascar ...........................3.8
Tajikistan ................................3.8
Poland....................................3.6
Moldova.................................3.6
Ukraine ..................................3.6
Zambia...................................3.6
Philippines .............................3.6
Venezuela ..............................3.6
Lithuania ................................3.6
Argentina ...............................3.6
Nepal .....................................3.5
Bangladesh............................3.5
Tanzania .................................3.4
Malawi ...................................3.3
Slovak Republic .....................3.3
Burundi ..................................3.3
Cameroon..............................3.3
Mali........................................3.2
Serbia ....................................3.2
Swaziland ..............................3.2
Syria.......................................3.1
Macedonia, FYR ....................3.1
Angola ...................................3.0
Mongolia................................3.0
Iran, Islamic Rep....................3.0
Burkina Faso..........................3.0
Kyrgyz Republic .....................3.0
Libya ......................................2.9
Timor-Leste............................2.9
Mauritania..............................2.9
Chad ......................................2.8
Paraguay................................2.6
Bosnia and Herzegovina........2.5
Lesotho .................................2.3
MEAN: 4.7
2.06
Scheduled available airline seat kilometers per week originating in country (in millions) | January 2010 and July 2010 average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
SCORE
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Jamaica.................................140.3
Ecuador.................................139.3
Oman ....................................135.9
Tunisia ...................................129.4
Costa Rica.............................124.1
Hungary ................................123.8
Libya .....................................123.6
Senegal .................................107.0
Ghana......................................96.1
Angola.....................................93.4
Syria ........................................91.4
Bulgaria ...................................85.2
Iceland ....................................77.0
Barbados.................................72.7
Latvia ......................................72.5
El Salvador ..............................70.2
Nepal.......................................66.0
Croatia.....................................62.4
Brunei Darussalam .................62.1
Trinidad and Tobago ................61.5
Azerbaijan ...............................59.7
Malta.......................................58.2
Tanzania ..................................56.9
Bolivia .....................................55.6
Cambodia................................49.6
Serbia......................................46.9
Guatemala...............................43.4
Uruguay ..................................43.3
Uganda....................................40.8
Armenia ..................................40.0
Tajikistan .................................39.7
Cameroon ...............................39.7
Madagascar ............................37.6
Cte dIvoire ...........................34.5
Lithuania .................................32.8
Namibia...................................30.5
Cape Verde .............................28.9
Mali .........................................26.6
Zambia ....................................25.5
Honduras ................................24.1
Georgia ...................................23.6
Mozambique ...........................23.2
Albania ....................................22.9
Zimbabwe ...............................22.7
Kyrgyz Republic ......................21.8
Luxembourg............................20.1
Slovak Republic ......................20.0
Benin.......................................18.7
Mongolia .................................18.6
Nicaragua ................................17.8
Slovenia ..................................14.9
Paraguay .................................14.5
Montenegro ............................13.7
Moldova ..................................13.6
Estonia ....................................13.6
Burkina Faso ...........................13.3
Timor-Leste ...............................9.8
Gambia, The .............................8.0
Chad..........................................7.7
Guyana......................................7.5
Malawi ......................................7.3
Mauritania .................................7.2
Bosnia and Herzegovina ...........6.9
Macedonia, FYR .......................5.3
Rwanda.....................................4.1
Botswana..................................3.5
Burundi .....................................2.1
Swaziland..................................0.4
Lesotho.....................................0.3
393
394
2.07
How would you assess the quality of the electricity supply in your country (lack of interruptions and lack of voltage fluctuations)? [1 = insufficient
and suffers frequent interruptions; 7 = sufficient and reliable] | 200910 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.5
RANK
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Kuwait ...................................4.7
Macedonia, FYR ....................4.6
Turkey ....................................4.6
Serbia ....................................4.6
Ukraine ..................................4.6
Sri Lanka................................4.6
Romania ................................4.5
Armenia .................................4.4
Bolivia ....................................4.4
Russian Federation................4.3
Libya ......................................4.3
Honduras ...............................4.2
Jamaica .................................4.2
Kazakhstan ............................4.1
Rwanda .................................4.1
Azerbaijan ..............................4.1
Moldova.................................4.1
Botswana ..............................4.1
Malta .....................................4.0
Albania...................................4.0
Mexico...................................3.9
Montenegro...........................3.9
Argentina ...............................3.8
South Africa...........................3.8
Swaziland ..............................3.8
Bulgaria..................................3.7
Indonesia ...............................3.6
Vietnam .................................3.6
Lesotho .................................3.6
Cte dIvoire ..........................3.5
Philippines .............................3.4
Ecuador .................................3.4
Kenya.....................................3.4
Mali........................................3.3
Mozambique..........................3.3
Zambia...................................3.3
Syria.......................................3.3
Benin .....................................3.3
Ghana ....................................3.2
India.......................................3.1
Mongolia................................3.1
Cambodia ..............................3.1
Nicaragua...............................3.0
Mauritania..............................3.0
Paraguay................................2.9
Guyana ..................................2.9
Uganda ..................................2.8
Cameroon..............................2.8
Ethiopia..................................2.7
Tajikistan ................................2.6
Madagascar ...........................2.6
Tanzania .................................2.5
Burundi ..................................2.5
Venezuela ..............................2.3
Senegal..................................2.3
Kyrgyz Republic .....................2.3
Burkina Faso..........................2.2
Pakistan .................................2.1
Malawi ...................................2.0
Zimbabwe..............................1.8
Cape Verde ............................1.8
Dominican Republic...............1.7
Timor-Leste............................1.6
Bangladesh............................1.6
Angola ...................................1.5
Lebanon.................................1.5
Chad ......................................1.5
Nigeria ...................................1.3
Nepal .....................................1.2
MEAN: 4.5
2.08
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
SCORE
RANK
Taiwan, China..........................63.2
Malta.......................................61.8
Switzerland .............................61.4
Hong Kong SAR......................59.6
Germany .................................59.3
Montenegro ............................58.7
Iceland ....................................57.4
France .....................................56.9
Luxembourg............................56.3
Sweden...................................55.6
United Kingdom ......................54.6
Canada ....................................54.4
Greece ....................................53.1
Barbados.................................53.0
Slovenia ..................................51.2
United States ..........................49.3
Cyprus.....................................47.6
Ireland .....................................46.1
Israel .......................................45.3
Spain .......................................44.7
Netherlands ............................44.1
New Zealand...........................43.8
Australia ..................................42.4
Croatia.....................................42.1
Belgium...................................40.0
Korea, Rep. .............................39.9
Norway ...................................39.5
Singapore................................39.1
Austria.....................................38.9
Portugal...................................37.8
Denmark .................................37.7
Estonia ....................................36.8
Italy .........................................35.6
Japan ......................................34.9
Vietnam...................................34.9
Iran, Islamic Rep. ....................34.8
United Arab Emirates .............33.9
Costa Rica...............................32.6
Russian Federation .................31.8
Moldova ..................................31.6
Serbia......................................31.5
Hungary ..................................30.7
Bahrain....................................30.1
Mauritius.................................29.4
Bulgaria ...................................28.7
Latvia ......................................28.6
Ukraine....................................28.5
Uruguay ..................................28.4
Finland ....................................26.9
Bosnia and Herzegovina .........26.5
Poland .....................................25.1
Romania..................................25.0
Argentina ................................24.2
Kazakhstan..............................24.1
Venezuela................................24.0
Trinidad and Tobago ................23.5
China.......................................23.3
Lithuania .................................22.7
Turkey .....................................22.1
Puerto Rico .............................21.9
Macedonia, FYR .....................21.7
Brazil .......................................21.4
Chile........................................21.1
Armenia ..................................20.4
Qatar .......................................20.2
Czech Republic .......................20.2
Brunei Darussalam .................20.2
Slovak Republic ......................18.9
Kuwait.....................................18.5
El Salvador ..............................17.8
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Lebanon ..................................17.8
Mexico ....................................17.7
Syria ........................................17.7
Libya .......................................17.1
Guyana....................................17.0
Sri Lanka .................................17.0
Colombia.................................16.4
Saudi Arabia ............................16.2
Azerbaijan ...............................15.8
Malaysia..................................15.7
Panama ...................................15.6
Indonesia ................................14.8
Ecuador...................................14.7
Georgia ...................................14.6
Cape Verde .............................14.3
Tunisia .....................................12.4
Egypt.......................................12.4
Albania ....................................11.5
Jamaica...................................11.1
Honduras ................................11.1
Morocco..................................11.0
Oman ......................................10.5
Thailand...................................10.4
Peru ........................................10.2
Guatemala...............................10.1
Dominican Republic ..................9.6
Kyrgyz Republic ........................9.1
South Africa ..............................8.6
Bolivia .......................................8.2
Jordan .......................................7.9
Botswana..................................7.4
Algeria.......................................7.4
Mongolia ...................................7.1
Namibia.....................................6.5
Paraguay ...................................6.1
Philippines.................................4.5
Nicaragua ..................................4.4
Tajikistan ...................................4.2
Swaziland..................................3.7
India ..........................................3.1
Zimbabwe .................................3.1
Gambia, The .............................2.9
Nepal.........................................2.8
Mauritania .................................2.3
Pakistan ....................................2.2
Senegal .....................................2.2
Lesotho.....................................1.9
Kenya ........................................1.7
Cameroon .................................1.7
Angola.......................................1.6
Benin.........................................1.4
Cte dIvoire .............................1.3
Malawi ......................................1.1
Ghana........................................1.1
Ethiopia .....................................1.1
Burkina Faso .............................1.1
Bangladesh ...............................0.9
Madagascar ..............................0.9
Nigeria.......................................0.9
Uganda......................................0.7
Zambia ......................................0.7
Mali ...........................................0.6
Tanzania ....................................0.4
Burundi .....................................0.4
Cambodia..................................0.4
Mozambique .............................0.4
Rwanda.....................................0.3
Timor-Leste ...............................0.2
Chad..........................................0.1
SOURCES: International Telecommunication Union, World Telecommunication/ICT Indicators 2010 (June 2010 edition); national sources
395
396
2.09
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
SCORE
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
SOURCES: International Telecommunication Union, World Telecommunication/ICT Indicators 2010 (June 2010 edition); national sources
1 2008
Data Tables
Section III
Macroeconomic environment
397
398
3.01
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
7
9
10
11
11
13
14
14
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
23
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
31
33
34
35
36
36
36
39
40
41
41
43
43
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
51
53
54
54
54
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
64
66
67
68
69
69
SCORE
RANK
Timor-Leste ...........................178.0
Kuwait.....................................18.9
Libya .........................................9.6
Azerbaijan .................................9.4
Qatar .........................................9.2
Brunei Darussalam ...................3.7
Cte dIvoire .............................1.1
Mauritania .................................1.1
Oman ........................................0.8
Switzerland ...............................0.7
Cameroon .................................0.4
United Arab Emirates ...............0.4
New Zealand.............................0.4
Bolivia .......................................0.1
Paraguay ...................................0.1
Denmark ...................................0.0
Korea, Rep. ...............................0.0
Finland.....................................0.1
Mexico ....................................0.2
Sweden...................................0.6
Argentina.................................0.7
Luxembourg............................0.7
Bahrain ....................................0.9
Hong Kong SAR ......................0.9
Panama ...................................1.0
Germany .................................1.1
South Africa ............................1.2
Singapore ................................1.6
Estonia ....................................1.7
Rwanda ...................................1.9
Namibia ...................................2.0
Peru.........................................2.0
Kazakhstan ..............................2.0
Canada ....................................2.0
China .......................................2.2
Madagascar.............................2.3
Nicaragua ................................2.3
Uruguay...................................2.3
Nepal.......................................2.4
Morocco..................................2.5
Indonesia.................................2.6
Uganda....................................2.6
Colombia .................................2.7
Iran, Islamic Rep. ....................2.7
Macedonia, FYR......................2.9
Tunisia .....................................2.9
Montenegro ............................2.9
Austria.....................................3.0
Costa Rica ...............................3.0
Malta .......................................3.1
Brazil .......................................3.2
Guatemala...............................3.2
Saudi Arabia ............................3.2
Dominican Republic ................3.3
Swaziland ................................3.3
Zimbabwe ...............................3.3
Croatia.....................................3.3
Mauritius .................................3.4
Benin.......................................3.6
Ethiopia ...................................3.7
El Salvador ..............................3.8
Kyrgyz Republic ......................3.8
Philippines...............................3.9
Bulgaria ...................................3.9
Ecuador ...................................3.9
Italy .........................................3.9
Australia ..................................4.0
Hungary...................................4.0
Burundi....................................4.0
Puerto Rico .............................4.0
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
69
72
73
74
75
76
76
76
79
80
81
82
83
83
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
91
91
91
95
96
97
98
99
99
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
120
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
131
133
134
134
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Taiwan, China..........................4.0
Bangladesh .............................4.0
Serbia ......................................4.1
Bosnia and Herzegovina .........4.1
Lesotho ...................................4.1
Chile ........................................4.4
Gambia, The............................4.4
Zambia ....................................4.4
Thailand...................................4.4
Netherlands.............................4.5
India ........................................4.6
Senegal ...................................4.6
Mali .........................................4.7
Tanzania...................................4.7
Belgium...................................4.8
Slovak Republic.......................4.9
France .....................................4.9
Slovenia...................................4.9
Israel .......................................5.1
Nigeria.....................................5.2
Kenya ......................................5.4
Malawi ....................................5.4
Pakistan...................................5.4
Trinidad and Tobago ................5.4
Mongolia .................................5.4
Turkey .....................................5.5
Cyprus.....................................5.5
Burkina Faso ...........................5.6
Mozambique ...........................5.7
Syria ........................................5.7
Guyana ....................................5.8
Czech Republic .......................5.9
Cape Verde .............................6.0
Honduras.................................6.1
Venezuela................................6.2
Russian Federation .................6.2
Egypt.......................................6.6
Cambodia ................................6.7
Moldova ..................................6.8
Albania ....................................6.8
Norway....................................6.8
Malaysia ..................................7.0
Poland .....................................7.1
Armenia...................................7.7
Angola .....................................7.7
Portugal...................................7.8
United Kingdom ......................7.8
United States ..........................7.9
Romania ..................................8.3
Algeria .....................................8.4
Barbados .................................8.4
Spain .......................................8.4
Tajikistan..................................8.5
Lithuania..................................8.9
Latvia.......................................8.9
Vietnam...................................9.0
Georgia....................................9.4
Sri Lanka .................................9.7
Ghana....................................10.0
Ireland ...................................10.0
Chad......................................10.8
Jamaica .................................10.8
Botswana ..............................11.1
Japan.....................................11.4
Ukraine..................................11.4
Jordan ...................................11.8
Lebanon ................................12.3
Greece ..................................13.1
Iceland...................................15.5
SOURCES: African Development Bank; European Bank for Reconstruction and Development; Inter-American Development Bank; International Monetary
Fund; Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development; Economist Intelligence Unit, CountryData Database (July 2010); national
sources
3.02
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
21
23
24
25
26
26
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
34
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
52
54
54
56
56
58
59
60
61
62
62
64
65
66
67
67
67
70
SCORE
RANK
Kuwait.....................................54.1
Brunei Darussalam1 ................53.5
China.......................................52.3
Mongolia1 ...............................46.3
Bahrain....................................41.3
Singapore................................40.1
Oman ......................................39.1
Nepal3 .....................................37.9
India ........................................37.5
Qatar .......................................37.1
Azerbaijan ...............................35.6
Norway ...................................35.4
Saudi Arabia ............................33.3
Madagascar ............................33.1
Lesotho...................................33.0
Indonesia ................................32.9
Vietnam...................................31.6
Hong Kong SAR......................31.3
Timor-Leste3 ...........................31.2
Korea, Rep. .............................31.0
Mauritius.................................31.0
Morocco..................................31.0
Jordan .....................................30.7
United Arab Emirates .............30.6
Latvia ......................................30.2
Algeria.....................................30.0
Iran, Islamic Rep. ....................30.0
Malaysia..................................29.9
Namibia...................................29.7
Thailand...................................29.5
Kazakhstan..............................28.9
Taiwan, China..........................28.5
Botswana................................28.5
Ghana......................................27.5
Switzerland .............................27.5
Venezuela................................27.4
Bangladesh .............................27.4
Tunisia .....................................26.9
Libya .......................................26.5
Panama3 .................................26.2
Syria ........................................25.9
Lebanon ..................................25.7
Ecuador...................................25.5
Argentina ................................24.9
Austria.....................................24.1
Australia ..................................24.1
Estonia ....................................24.1
Sweden...................................24.0
Armenia ..................................23.8
Netherlands ............................23.6
Japan ......................................23.1
Bolivia .....................................22.7
Senegal ...................................22.7
Colombia.................................22.4
Slovenia ..................................22.4
Germany .................................22.1
Nigeria.....................................22.1
Russian Federation .................21.9
Mexico ....................................21.7
Denmark .................................21.7
Chile........................................21.6
Hungary ..................................21.3
Zambia ....................................21.3
Belgium...................................21.2
Croatia.....................................21.1
Romania..................................20.6
Guyana....................................20.2
Mali .........................................20.2
Peru ........................................20.2
Israel .......................................19.8
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
82
84
84
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
96
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
110
112
113
114
114
114
117
118
119
120
121
121
123
124
125
126
127
127
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
n/a
n/a
n/a
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Spain .......................................19.8
Uganda....................................19.5
Trinidad and Tobago ................19.4
Philippines...............................19.3
Jamaica...................................19.2
Sri Lanka .................................18.9
Uruguay ..................................18.8
Czech Republic .......................18.6
Kyrgyz Republic ......................18.6
Canada ....................................18.5
Cameroon ...............................18.2
Cape Verde .............................18.1
Finland ....................................18.1
Bulgaria ...................................17.6
Poland .....................................17.6
Slovak Republic ......................17.4
France .....................................16.7
Paraguay .................................16.5
Pakistan ..................................16.4
New Zealand...........................16.3
Honduras ................................16.2
Tajikistan .................................16.1
Lithuania .................................15.9
Ethiopia ...................................15.8
Italy .........................................15.7
Moldova ..................................15.6
Ukraine....................................15.6
South Africa ............................15.5
Macedonia, FYR .....................15.4
Kenya ......................................15.2
Brazil .......................................15.0
Turkey .....................................14.8
Nicaragua2 ..............................14.3
Guatemala3 .............................14.2
Angola.....................................13.8
Albania ....................................13.4
United Kingdom ......................12.6
Egypt.......................................12.5
Mauritania ...............................12.4
Cambodia................................12.3
Georgia ...................................12.3
Cte dIvoire3 .........................12.2
Costa Rica...............................11.9
Burkina Faso ...........................11.9
Gambia, The ...........................11.9
Rwanda...................................11.9
Luxembourg3 ..........................11.8
El Salvador ..............................11.1
Ireland .....................................10.9
Iceland ....................................10.9
Benin.......................................10.5
Tanzania ..................................10.5
Dominican Republic ................10.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina3 .........9.6
Chad..........................................9.2
Portugal.....................................8.8
Cyprus.......................................8.7
Mozambique .............................8.7
Burundi .....................................8.5
United States ............................8.5
Serbia3 ......................................7.2
Greece ......................................6.9
Malta.........................................6.9
Swaziland..................................6.8
Zimbabwe .................................1.0
Malawi ......................................0.6
Barbados ...................................n/a
Montenegro ..............................n/a
Puerto Rico ...............................n/a
SOURCES: Economist Intelligence Unit, CountryData Database (June/July 2010); International Monetary Fund; The World Bank Group,World dataBank
2 2007
3 2008
399
400
3.03
Inflation
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
SCORE
RANK
Zimbabwe ...............................7.7
Qatar .......................................4.9
Ireland .....................................1.7
Japan.......................................1.4
Senegal ...................................1.1
Portugal...................................0.9
Taiwan, China..........................0.9
Thailand...................................0.8
Macedonia, FYR......................0.8
China .......................................0.7
Jordan .....................................0.7
Cambodia ................................0.7
Switzerland .............................0.4
Bosnia and Herzegovina .........0.4
United States ..........................0.3
Spain .......................................0.3
Belgium...................................0.2
Estonia ....................................0.1
Moldova ....................................0.0
Germany ...................................0.1
France .......................................0.1
Cyprus.......................................0.2
Singapore..................................0.2
Canada ......................................0.3
Austria.......................................0.4
Hong Kong SAR........................0.5
El Salvador ................................0.5
Malaysia....................................0.6
Italy ...........................................0.8
Luxembourg..............................0.8
Slovenia ....................................0.8
Slovak Republic ........................0.9
Morocco....................................1.0
Netherlands ..............................1.0
United Arab Emirates ...............1.0
Cte dIvoire .............................1.0
Czech Republic .........................1.0
Lebanon ....................................1.2
Cape Verde ...............................1.2
Timor-Leste ...............................1.3
Denmark ...................................1.3
Greece ......................................1.4
Azerbaijan .................................1.5
Dominican Republic ..................1.5
Finland ......................................1.6
Chile..........................................1.7
Georgia .....................................1.7
Brunei Darussalam ...................1.8
Australia ....................................1.8
Malta.........................................1.8
Guatemala.................................1.9
New Zealand.............................2.1
Benin.........................................2.2
United Kingdom ........................2.2
Norway .....................................2.2
Mali ...........................................2.2
Albania ......................................2.2
Mauritania .................................2.2
Sweden.....................................2.2
Croatia.......................................2.4
Panama .....................................2.4
Bulgaria .....................................2.5
Mauritius...................................2.5
Syria ..........................................2.5
Paraguay ...................................2.6
Burkina Faso .............................2.6
Libya .........................................2.7
Korea, Rep. ...............................2.8
Bahrain......................................2.8
Guyana......................................2.9
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Peru ..........................................2.9
Cameroon .................................3.0
Philippines.................................3.2
Mozambique .............................3.3
Latvia ........................................3.3
Israel .........................................3.3
Sri Lanka ...................................3.4
Armenia ....................................3.4
Poland .......................................3.5
Bolivia .......................................3.5
Barbados...................................3.5
Oman ........................................3.5
Montenegro ..............................3.6
Nicaragua ..................................3.7
Tunisia .......................................3.7
Lithuania ...................................4.2
Colombia...................................4.2
Hungary ....................................4.2
Puerto Rico ...............................4.4
Gambia, The .............................4.6
Kuwait.......................................4.7
Indonesia ..................................4.8
Brazil .........................................4.9
Saudi Arabia ..............................5.1
Ecuador.....................................5.1
Mexico ......................................5.3
Honduras ..................................5.5
Romania....................................5.6
Algeria.......................................5.7
Bangladesh ...............................6.1
Turkey .......................................6.3
Mongolia ...................................6.3
Argentina ..................................6.3
Tajikistan ...................................6.5
Vietnam.....................................6.7
Kyrgyz Republic ........................6.8
Trinidad and Tobago ..................7.0
Uruguay ....................................7.1
South Africa ..............................7.1
Kazakhstan................................7.3
Swaziland..................................7.6
Lesotho.....................................7.7
Costa Rica.................................7.8
Botswana..................................8.1
Serbia........................................8.1
Malawi ......................................8.4
Madagascar ..............................9.0
Namibia.....................................9.1
Jamaica.....................................9.6
Chad........................................10.1
Iran, Islamic Rep. ....................10.3
Rwanda...................................10.4
India ........................................10.9
Burundi ...................................11.3
Russian Federation .................11.7
Kenya ......................................11.8
Iceland ....................................12.0
Tanzania ..................................12.1
Nigeria.....................................12.4
Nepal.......................................13.2
Zambia ....................................13.4
Angola.....................................14.0
Uganda....................................14.2
Ukraine....................................15.9
Egypt.......................................16.2
Ghana......................................19.3
Pakistan ..................................20.8
Venezuela................................27.1
Ethiopia ...................................36.4
SOURCES: International Monetary Fund, World Economic Outlook Database (April 2010); national sources
NOTES:
Economies are ranked in ascending order for presentation purposes only. See Appendix A of Chapter 1.1 for details about the treatment of
deflationary economies in the Global Competitiveness Index.
3.04
Average interest rate spread between typical lending and deposit rates | 2009
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
11
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
59
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
69
SCORE
RANK
Netherlands .............................-0.6
United Kingdom ........................0.2
Iran, Islamic Rep. ......................0.3
France .......................................0.7
Slovak Republic ........................0.8
Finland ......................................0.9
Japan ........................................1.1
Austria.......................................1.2
Luxembourg..............................1.5
Malta.........................................1.6
Ireland .......................................1.9
Sweden.....................................1.9
Lithuania ...................................1.9
Taiwan, China............................2.1
Norway .....................................2.1
Korea, Rep. ...............................2.2
United Arab Emirates ...............2.2
Vietnam.....................................2.2
Lebanon ....................................2.3
Canada ......................................2.3
Morocco....................................2.4
Portugal.....................................2.6
Kazakhstan................................2.6
Israel .........................................2.6
Switzerland ...............................2.7
United States ............................2.7
Italy ...........................................2.7
Germany ...................................2.7
Malaysia....................................2.8
Tunisia .......................................2.9
Hungary ....................................2.9
Macedonia, FYR .......................3.0
China.........................................3.1
South Africa ..............................3.2
Australia ....................................3.2
Denmark ...................................3.2
Kuwait.......................................3.2
Oman ........................................3.3
Turkey .......................................3.4
Poland .......................................3.4
Greece ......................................3.4
Libya .........................................3.5
Syria ..........................................3.6
Ecuador.....................................3.8
El Salvador ................................3.9
Argentina ..................................4.1
Jordan .......................................4.3
Bosnia and Herzegovina ...........4.3
Cyprus.......................................4.4
Spain .........................................4.5
Estonia ......................................4.6
Slovenia ....................................4.6
Panama .....................................4.7
Czech Republic .........................4.7
Brunei Darussalam ...................4.8
Namibia.....................................4.9
Thailand.....................................4.9
Hong Kong SAR........................5.0
Ethiopia .....................................5.0
Venezuela..................................5.0
Qatar .........................................5.0
Mexico ......................................5.1
Singapore..................................5.1
Bulgaria .....................................5.2
India ..........................................5.2
Indonesia ..................................5.2
Chile..........................................5.3
Romania....................................5.4
Egypt.........................................5.5
Nepal.........................................5.5
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
69
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
92
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
104
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
n/a
n/a
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Swaziland..................................5.5
Montenegro ..............................5.6
Moldova ....................................5.6
Nigeria.......................................5.8
Philippines.................................5.8
Albania ......................................5.9
Saudi Arabia ..............................6.0
Mali ...........................................6.0
New Zealand.............................6.1
Mozambique .............................6.2
Algeria.......................................6.2
Belgium.....................................6.3
Botswana..................................6.3
Bahrain......................................6.4
Barbados...................................6.4
Bangladesh ...............................6.4
Russian Federation ...................6.7
Colombia...................................6.8
Cape Verde ...............................7.0
Tanzania ....................................7.1
Ukraine......................................7.1
Cte dIvoire .............................7.5
Mongolia ...................................7.5
Pakistan ....................................7.7
Azerbaijan .................................7.8
Rwanda.....................................7.9
Sri Lanka ...................................8.0
Nicaragua ..................................8.0
Angola.......................................8.1
Lesotho.....................................8.1
Latvia ........................................8.2
Guatemala.................................8.3
Croatia.......................................8.4
Honduras ..................................8.5
Trinidad and Tobago ..................8.5
Serbia........................................8.7
Kenya ........................................8.8
Burundi .....................................8.9
Bolivia .......................................9.0
Iceland ......................................9.3
Jamaica.....................................9.5
Armenia ..................................10.1
Dominican Republic ................10.3
Timor-Leste .............................10.4
Cameroon ...............................10.7
Mauritius.................................10.8
Senegal ...................................11.0
Puerto Rico .............................11.5
Chad........................................11.7
Ghana......................................11.7
Uganda....................................12.0
Guyana....................................12.2
Uruguay ..................................12.3
Costa Rica...............................12.8
Cambodia................................14.2
Gambia, The ...........................14.6
Zambia ....................................15.0
Georgia ...................................15.2
Mauritania1 .............................15.5
Kyrgyz Republic ......................15.8
Tajikistan .................................17.1
Peru ........................................18.2
Malawi ....................................21.8
Paraguay .................................27.2
Madagascar ............................33.2
Brazil .......................................35.4
Zimbabwe ...............................75.0
Benin.........................................n/a
Burkina Faso .............................n/a
SOURCES: Economist Intelligence Unit, CountryData Database (July 2010); International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics (July 2010);
national sources
1 2007
401
402
3.05
Government debt
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
19
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
29
31
32
33
33
35
35
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
61
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
SCORE
RANK
Timor-Leste ...............................0.0
Libya .........................................3.9
Oman ........................................4.5
Botswana..................................6.8
Estonia ......................................7.2
Kuwait.......................................8.1
Kazakhstan................................8.5
Russian Federation ...................8.5
Azerbaijan .................................9.9
Algeria.....................................13.5
Nigeria.....................................14.3
Benin.......................................14.5
Bulgaria ...................................14.8
Cameroon ...............................14.9
Namibia...................................15.1
Qatar .......................................15.7
Iran, Islamic Rep. ....................16.3
China.......................................16.9
Swaziland................................17.3
Venezuela................................17.3
Ecuador...................................17.9
Luxembourg............................18.2
Australia ..................................19.2
Uganda....................................19.7
Paraguay .................................20.0
Burkina Faso ...........................21.0
Macedonia, FYR .....................21.3
Tanzania ..................................21.4
Chile........................................22.1
Rwanda...................................22.1
Chad........................................22.3
Mali .........................................22.4
Guatemala...............................22.7
Honduras ................................22.7
Angola.....................................22.8
Zambia ....................................22.8
Saudi Arabia ............................22.9
Romania..................................23.7
Madagascar ............................24.2
Trinidad and Tobago ................26.0
Peru ........................................26.6
Mongolia .................................26.9
Burundi ...................................28.3
Bosnia and Herzegovina .........28.8
Cambodia................................29.2
Lithuania .................................29.3
South Africa ............................29.5
Dominican Republic ................29.9
Moldova ..................................30.0
Mexico ....................................30.3
Indonesia ................................31.1
Ukraine....................................31.3
Serbia......................................31.6
Syria ........................................31.9
Senegal ...................................32.1
Gambia, The ...........................33.3
Hong Kong SAR......................33.4
Korea, Rep. .............................34.9
New Zealand...........................35.0
Slovak Republic ......................35.7
Croatia.....................................35.9
Slovenia ..................................35.9
Latvia ......................................36.1
Bahrain....................................36.3
Ethiopia ...................................36.8
Taiwan, China..........................38.0
Mozambique ...........................38.1
Bangladesh .............................38.8
Malawi ....................................39.5
Armenia ..................................40.1
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
71
72
73
74
75
75
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
90
92
93
94
95
95
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
112
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
n/a
n/a
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Tajikistan .................................41.0
Lesotho...................................41.4
Switzerland .............................41.6
Bolivia .....................................42.0
Czech Republic .......................42.1
El Salvador ..............................42.1
Costa Rica...............................42.3
Colombia.................................42.7
Nepal1 .....................................44.1
Panama ...................................45.1
Turkey .....................................45.2
Pakistan ..................................46.2
Montenegro ............................46.5
Brazil .......................................48.0
Argentina ................................48.8
Thailand...................................49.0
Norway ...................................49.2
Ghana......................................49.8
Poland .....................................51.0
Denmark .................................51.8
Sweden...................................51.8
Albania ....................................51.9
Finland ....................................52.6
Tunisia .....................................53.0
Malaysia..................................53.7
Vietnam...................................53.7
Kyrgyz Republic ......................54.8
Morocco..................................55.1
Puerto Rico .............................55.4
Cyprus.....................................56.2
United Arab Emirates .............56.3
Philippines...............................57.3
Mauritius.................................59.7
Cape Verde .............................60.5
Spain .......................................62.6
Jordan .....................................64.4
Kenya ......................................66.7
United Kingdom ......................68.2
Netherlands ............................68.6
Uruguay ..................................68.9
Malta.......................................69.1
Austria.....................................70.3
Ireland .....................................70.3
Germany .................................72.5
India ........................................73.1
France .....................................77.4
Israel .......................................78.4
Nicaragua ................................78.5
Egypt.......................................80.1
Canada ....................................81.6
Cte dIvoire ...........................82.1
United States ..........................83.2
Hungary ..................................84.3
Sri Lanka .................................86.7
Portugal...................................87.0
Barbados...............................100.6
Belgium.................................101.0
Mauritania .............................103.1
Guyana..................................108.6
Singapore..............................113.1
Italy .......................................115.8
Jamaica.................................117.1
Greece ..................................119.0
Iceland ..................................122.7
Lebanon ................................162.0
Zimbabwe .............................162.5
Japan ....................................217.6
Brunei Darussalam....................n/a
Georgia......................................n/a
SOURCES: African Development Bank; African Development Bank and OECD Development Centre, Africa Economic Outlook (retrieved July 6, 2010);
European Bank for Reconstruction and Development; International Monetary Fund; Economist Intelligence Unit, CountryData Database (July
2010); national sources
1 2008
3.06
Expert assessment of the probability of sovereign debt default on a 0100 (lowest probability) scale | September 2009
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
11
13
14
14
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
32
34
35
35
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
43
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
SCORE
RANK
Switzerland .............................92.8
Luxembourg............................92.6
Norway ...................................92.5
Canada ....................................92.1
Netherlands ............................91.7
Germany .................................91.5
Finland ....................................90.6
Denmark .................................90.4
France .....................................90.2
Singapore................................89.1
Puerto Rico .............................88.9
United States ..........................88.9
Sweden...................................88.8
Australia ..................................87.6
Austria.....................................87.6
Japan ......................................87.3
Belgium...................................87.2
United Kingdom ......................86.8
New Zealand...........................83.9
Slovenia ..................................82.6
Hong Kong SAR......................82.1
Spain .......................................81.6
Portugal...................................80.1
Ireland .....................................80.0
Italy .........................................78.5
Chile........................................77.9
Taiwan, China..........................77.7
Malta.......................................76.8
Qatar .......................................76.7
United Arab Emirates .............76.5
Czech Republic .......................75.5
China.......................................75.4
Slovak Republic ......................75.4
Kuwait.....................................75.0
Cyprus.....................................74.9
Greece ....................................74.9
Korea, Rep. .............................72.7
Saudi Arabia ............................72.2
Poland .....................................70.5
Malaysia..................................70.1
Israel .......................................69.4
Oman ......................................69.1
Bahrain....................................68.4
Trinidad and Tobago ................68.4
Mexico ....................................66.0
Brazil .......................................65.3
Botswana................................64.7
Barbados.................................63.4
Russian Federation .................63.2
India ........................................62.2
South Africa ............................62.0
Peru ........................................59.5
Tunisia .....................................59.2
Thailand...................................58.5
Hungary ..................................57.6
Estonia ....................................57.1
Panama ...................................56.7
Colombia.................................56.3
Algeria.....................................55.9
Croatia.....................................55.8
Mauritius.................................54.3
Costa Rica...............................53.7
Morocco..................................53.3
Lithuania .................................52.7
Romania..................................52.6
Turkey .....................................52.5
Bulgaria ...................................52.4
Namibia...................................51.8
Egypt.......................................51.4
Libya .......................................50.9
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
94
96
97
98
99
100
101
101
103
104
105
106
106
108
109
110
111
112
112
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
129
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
n/a
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Iceland ....................................50.3
Indonesia ................................50.1
Kazakhstan..............................49.8
Uruguay ..................................49.0
Philippines...............................48.5
Azerbaijan ...............................48.2
El Salvador ..............................47.9
Vietnam...................................46.8
Jordan .....................................45.5
Latvia ......................................45.1
Guatemala...............................44.9
Macedonia, FYR .....................42.7
Serbia......................................42.3
Montenegro ............................40.8
Venezuela................................40.1
Armenia ..................................39.0
Dominican Republic ................38.3
Albania ....................................38.2
Jamaica...................................37.1
Angola.....................................36.4
Nigeria.....................................36.1
Lesotho...................................35.3
Mongolia .................................34.5
Cape Verde .............................33.8
Ghana......................................33.8
Senegal ...................................33.5
Iran, Islamic Rep. ....................33.1
Honduras ................................32.7
Ukraine....................................32.1
Uganda....................................31.9
Bosnia and Herzegovina .........31.4
Paraguay .................................31.4
Argentina ................................31.1
Georgia ...................................30.9
Swaziland................................30.4
Syria ........................................29.5
Tanzania ..................................29.5
Lebanon ..................................29.4
Cambodia................................29.2
Zambia ....................................29.0
Sri Lanka .................................28.9
Benin.......................................28.6
Kenya ......................................28.6
Bolivia .....................................28.4
Cameroon ...............................28.2
Mozambique ...........................27.4
Moldova ..................................27.1
Burkina Faso ...........................26.9
Mali .........................................26.5
Bangladesh .............................25.4
Nepal.......................................25.3
Guyana....................................25.0
Kyrgyz Republic ......................24.7
Madagascar ............................23.9
Pakistan ..................................23.4
Timor-Leste .............................22.6
Malawi ....................................21.4
Cte dIvoire ...........................20.4
Ecuador...................................20.3
Rwanda...................................20.3
Mauritania ...............................19.9
Ethiopia ...................................19.7
Nicaragua ................................19.5
Gambia, The ...........................18.4
Tajikistan .................................16.7
Burundi ...................................14.1
Chad........................................12.8
Zimbabwe .................................6.7
Brunei Darussalam....................n/a
SOURCE: Institutional Investor, 2010. No further copying or transmission of this material is allowed without the express permission of Institutional
Investor (publisher@institutionalinvestor.com).
403
Data Tables
Section IV
Health and primary education
405
406
4.01
How serious an impact do you consider malaria will have on your company in the next five years (e.g., death, disability, medical and funeral
expenses, productivity and absenteeism, recruitment and training expenses, revenues)? [1 = a serious impact; 7 = no impact at all] | 200910
weighted average
RANK
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.7
Albania .............................n/appl.
Algeria ..............................n/appl.
Armenia ...........................n/appl.
Australia ...........................n/appl.
Austria..............................n/appl.
Bahrain .............................n/appl.
Barbados..........................n/appl.
Belgium............................n/appl.
Bosnia and Herzegovina ..n/appl.
Brunei Darussalam...........n/appl.
Bulgaria ............................n/appl.
Canada .............................n/appl.
Chile.................................n/appl.
Croatia..............................n/appl.
Cyprus..............................n/appl.
Czech Republic ................n/appl.
Denmark ..........................n/appl.
Egypt................................n/appl.
Estonia .............................n/appl.
Finland .............................n/appl.
France ..............................n/appl.
Germany ..........................n/appl.
Greece .............................n/appl.
Hungary ...........................n/appl.
Iceland .............................n/appl.
Ireland ..............................n/appl.
Israel ................................n/appl.
Italy ..................................n/appl.
Japan ...............................n/appl.
Jordan ..............................n/appl.
Kazakhstan .......................n/appl.
Kuwait ..............................n/appl.
Latvia ...............................n/appl.
Lebanon ...........................n/appl.
Lesotho............................n/appl.
Libya ................................n/appl.
Lithuania ..........................n/appl.
Luxembourg.....................n/appl.
Macedonia, FYR...............n/appl.
Malta ................................n/appl.
Mauritius ..........................n/appl.
Moldova ...........................n/appl.
Mongolia ..........................n/appl.
Montenegro .....................n/appl.
Morocco...........................n/appl.
Netherlands .....................n/appl.
New Zealand....................n/appl.
Norway ............................n/appl.
Oman ...............................n/appl.
Poland ..............................n/appl.
Portugal............................n/appl.
Puerto Rico ......................n/appl.
Qatar ................................n/appl.
Romania...........................n/appl.
Russian Federation ..........n/appl.
Serbia ...............................n/appl.
Singapore.........................n/appl.
Slovak Republic................n/appl.
Slovenia ...........................n/appl.
Spain ................................n/appl.
Sweden............................n/appl.
Switzerland ......................n/appl.
Syria .................................n/appl.
Taiwan, China...................n/appl.
Trinidad and Tobago .........n/appl.
Tunisia ..............................n/appl.
Ukraine.............................n/appl.
United Arab Emirates ......n/appl.
United Kingdom ...............n/appl.
United States ...................n/appl.
RANK
1
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Uruguay ...........................n/appl.
Turkey ....................................6.7
Costa Rica .............................6.6
Mexico...................................6.4
Saudi Arabia...........................6.3
Korea, Rep.............................6.3
Argentina ...............................6.3
Hong Kong SAR ....................6.2
Georgia ..................................6.2
El Salvador.............................6.1
Brazil ......................................6.1
Panama..................................6.0
Peru .......................................6.0
Jamaica .................................5.9
Guatemala .............................5.9
Iran, Islamic Rep....................5.8
Sri Lanka................................5.7
Thailand .................................5.7
Honduras ...............................5.7
China .....................................5.7
Dominican Republic...............5.7
Vietnam .................................5.5
Venezuela ..............................5.5
Paraguay................................5.4
Ecuador .................................5.4
Colombia ...............................5.4
Kyrgyz Republic .....................5.3
Malaysia ................................5.3
Azerbaijan ..............................5.2
Cape Verde ............................5.1
Philippines .............................5.1
India.......................................5.1
Bangladesh............................5.0
Bolivia ....................................5.0
South Africa...........................4.9
Indonesia ...............................4.8
Botswana ..............................4.8
Nicaragua...............................4.7
Nepal .....................................4.7
Tajikistan ................................4.6
Pakistan .................................4.4
Swaziland ..............................4.4
Cambodia ..............................4.4
Zimbabwe..............................4.4
Namibia .................................4.2
Gambia, The ..........................4.1
Ethiopia..................................4.1
Guyana ..................................4.1
Kenya.....................................3.9
Benin .....................................3.7
Madagascar ...........................3.5
Senegal..................................3.5
Rwanda .................................3.5
Mauritania..............................3.5
Burundi ..................................3.3
Ghana ....................................3.3
Burkina Faso..........................3.3
Mozambique..........................3.2
Cameroon..............................3.2
Cte dIvoire ..........................3.1
Tanzania .................................3.0
Zambia...................................2.9
Malawi ...................................2.8
Mali........................................2.7
Nigeria ...................................2.6
Uganda ..................................2.6
Chad ......................................2.6
Timor-Leste............................2.5
Angola ...................................2.1
MEAN: 4.7
4.02
Malaria incidence
RANK
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
SCORE
RANK
Albania ....................................(NE)
Algeria.......................................0.0
Armenia ....................................0.0
Australia ..................................(NE)
Austria.....................................(NE)
Bahrain ....................................(NE)
Barbados .................................(NE)
Belgium...................................(NE)
Bosnia and Herzegovina .........(NE)
Brunei Darussalam..................(NE)
Bulgaria ...................................(NE)
Canada ....................................(NE)
Chile ........................................(NE)
Croatia.....................................(NE)
Cyprus.....................................(NE)
Czech Republic .......................(NE)
Denmark .................................(NE)
Egypt.........................................0.0
Estonia ....................................(NE)
Finland.....................................(NE)
France .....................................(NE)
Germany .................................(NE)
Greece ....................................(NE)
Hungary...................................(NE)
Iceland.....................................(NE)
Ireland .....................................(NE)
Israel .......................................(NE)
Italy .........................................(NE)
Japan.......................................(NE)
Jordan .....................................(NE)
Kazakhstan ..............................(NE)
Kuwait .....................................(NE)
Latvia.......................................(NE)
Lebanon ..................................(NE)
Lesotho ...................................(NE)
Libya........................................(NE)
Lithuania..................................(NE)
Luxembourg............................(NE)
Macedonia, FYR......................(NE)
Malta .......................................(NE)
Mauritius...................................0.0
Moldova ..................................(NE)
Mongolia .................................(NE)
Montenegro ............................(NE)
Morocco....................................0.0
Netherlands.............................(NE)
New Zealand ...........................(NE)
Norway....................................(NE)
Oman ........................................0.0
Poland .....................................(NE)
Portugal...................................(NE)
Puerto Rico .............................(NE)
Qatar .......................................(NE)
Romania ..................................(NE)
Russian Federation ...................0.0
Serbia ......................................(NE)
Singapore ................................(NE)
Slovak Republic.......................(NE)
Slovenia...................................(NE)
Spain .......................................(NE)
Sweden...................................(NE)
Switzerland .............................(NE)
Syria ..........................................0.0
Taiwan, China2 ..........................0.0
Trinidad and Tobago ................(NE)
Tunisia .....................................(NE)
Ukraine....................................(NE)
United Arab Emirates..............(NE)
United Kingdom ......................(NE)
United States ..........................(NE)
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
1
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Uruguay...................................(NE)
Hong Kong SAR1 ......................0.4
El Salvador ................................1.3
Argentina ..................................1.3
Turkey .......................................1.7
Georgia .....................................1.9
Azerbaijan .................................2.4
Saudi Arabia ..............................6.1
Kyrgyz Republic ........................7.1
China.........................................7.5
Mexico ......................................9.0
Cape Verde .............................11.8
Korea, Rep. .............................13.5
Jamaica...................................14.2
Sri Lanka .................................16.9
Swaziland................................17.5
Iran, Islamic Rep. ....................26.1
Paraguay .................................32.8
Tajikistan .................................35.7
Malaysia..................................55.9
South Africa ............................67.4
Vietnam...................................81.6
Dominican Republic ................88.9
Nicaragua ..............................105.2
Nepal.....................................112.1
Philippines.............................143.9
Panama .................................161.7
Costa Rica.............................210.9
Ecuador.................................238.8
Botswana..............................361.8
Thailand.................................405.1
Venezuela..............................435.6
Honduras ..............................484.3
Brazil .....................................728.2
Bolivia ...................................788.9
Peru ......................................804.0
Colombia...............................896.3
India ......................................924.6
Pakistan ................................931.3
Guatemala..........................1,078.7
Indonesia ...........................1,100.2
Namibia..............................1,698.5
Cambodia...........................1,845.2
Bangladesh ........................1,906.9
Madagascar .......................3,355.9
Guyana...............................7,848.1
Senegal ............................12,063.3
Ethiopia ............................15,311.1
Mauritania ........................18,382.1
Zimbabwe ........................20,367.9
Angola..............................21,470.7
Burundi ............................27,784.8
Cameroon ........................28,013.1
Gambia, The ....................28,224.5
Tanzania ...........................29,245.4
Kenya ...............................31,027.8
Zambia .............................31,251.3
Ghana...............................31,650.9
Malawi .............................33,363.4
Rwanda............................34,352.0
Mozambique ....................35,441.2
Uganda.............................35,543.2
Mali ..................................36,074.1
Benin................................36,976.0
Cte dIvoire ....................37,162.0
Nigeria..............................39,736.4
Chad.................................39,920.4
Burkina Faso ....................43,365.7
Timor-Leste ......................47,481.5
SOURCES: World Health Organization, World Malaria Report 2008; national sources
NOTE: (NE) indicates that malaria is not endemic.
1 2008
2 2009
407
408
4.03
How serious an impact do you consider tuberculosis will have on your company in the next five years (e.g., death, disability, medical and funeral
expenses, productivity and absenteeism, recruitment and training expenses, revenues)? [1 = a serious impact; 7 = no impact at all] | 200910
weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 5.4
Finland ...................................7.0
Sweden .................................6.9
Norway ..................................6.9
Denmark ................................6.8
Uruguay .................................6.7
Austria ...................................6.7
Albania...................................6.7
Iceland ...................................6.7
Canada...................................6.7
Belgium .................................6.7
Germany ................................6.7
Israel ......................................6.7
Switzerland ............................6.7
Spain......................................6.7
Slovak Republic .....................6.7
New Zealand .........................6.6
Luxembourg ..........................6.6
Greece...................................6.6
Costa Rica .............................6.6
Italy ........................................6.6
Croatia ...................................6.6
Montenegro...........................6.5
Cyprus ...................................6.5
Ireland....................................6.5
Slovenia .................................6.5
Hungary .................................6.5
Puerto Rico............................6.5
Netherlands ...........................6.5
France....................................6.5
Turkey ....................................6.4
Chile ......................................6.4
Egypt .....................................6.4
Tunisia....................................6.3
Malta .....................................6.3
Australia.................................6.3
United Kingdom.....................6.3
Bosnia and Herzegovina........6.3
Saudi Arabia...........................6.2
Poland....................................6.2
Mauritius ...............................6.1
Czech Republic......................6.1
Portugal .................................6.1
Guatemala .............................6.1
Mexico...................................6.1
Bahrain ..................................6.1
Jordan....................................6.1
Singapore ..............................6.0
Korea, Rep.............................6.0
Syria.......................................6.0
Japan .....................................6.0
Barbados ...............................6.0
Estonia...................................5.9
United States.........................5.9
Jamaica .................................5.9
Brazil ......................................5.9
Serbia ....................................5.9
Argentina ...............................5.9
El Salvador.............................5.9
Hong Kong SAR ....................5.9
Sri Lanka................................5.8
Panama..................................5.8
Libya ......................................5.8
Lithuania ................................5.8
Taiwan, China ........................5.8
Honduras ...............................5.7
Russian Federation................5.7
Kuwait ...................................5.7
Oman.....................................5.7
United Arab Emirates ............5.7
Macedonia, FYR ....................5.7
RANK
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Lebanon.................................5.6
Qatar......................................5.6
Romania ................................5.5
China .....................................5.5
Thailand .................................5.5
Iran, Islamic Rep....................5.5
Latvia .....................................5.4
Georgia ..................................5.4
Ecuador .................................5.4
Venezuela ..............................5.3
Dominican Republic...............5.3
Peru .......................................5.3
Colombia ...............................5.3
Armenia .................................5.2
Paraguay................................5.2
Bulgaria..................................5.2
India.......................................5.2
Malaysia ................................5.0
Brunei Darussalam ................5.0
Vietnam .................................5.0
Algeria ...................................5.0
Cape Verde ............................5.0
Azerbaijan ..............................4.9
Bangladesh............................4.8
Moldova.................................4.8
Mongolia................................4.8
Trinidad and Tobago...............4.8
Bolivia ....................................4.7
Morocco ................................4.7
Nicaragua...............................4.7
Gambia, The ..........................4.7
Indonesia ...............................4.7
Ghana ....................................4.7
Kazakhstan ............................4.5
Madagascar ...........................4.5
Philippines .............................4.5
Tajikistan ................................4.5
Guyana ..................................4.5
Senegal..................................4.5
Rwanda .................................4.5
Nepal .....................................4.4
Benin .....................................4.3
Ukraine ..................................4.3
Pakistan .................................4.3
Burkina Faso..........................4.2
Kyrgyz Republic .....................4.2
Mali........................................4.2
Cambodia ..............................4.2
Cameroon..............................4.2
Burundi ..................................4.1
Namibia .................................4.0
Cte dIvoire ..........................4.0
Angola ...................................3.9
Nigeria ...................................3.9
Ethiopia..................................3.8
Kenya.....................................3.8
Mauritania..............................3.7
Uganda ..................................3.6
Tanzania .................................3.6
Mozambique..........................3.6
Botswana ..............................3.6
Zimbabwe..............................3.5
Malawi ...................................3.3
Chad ......................................3.2
South Africa...........................3.2
Zambia...................................3.1
Lesotho .................................3.0
Timor-Leste............................2.9
Swaziland ..............................2.2
MEAN: 5.4
4.04
Tuberculosis incidence
RANK
1
1
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
SCORE
RANK
Austria.......................................0.0
Luxembourg..............................0.0
Barbados...................................1.4
Iceland ......................................2.2
Puerto Rico ...............................2.4
United States ............................4.8
Switzerland ...............................4.9
Canada ......................................5.0
Germany ...................................5.1
Greece ......................................5.5
Cyprus.......................................5.6
United Arab Emirates ...............5.6
Sweden.....................................5.7
Israel .........................................6.0
Jordan .......................................6.1
Norway .....................................6.1
France .......................................6.2
Jamaica.....................................6.5
Italy ...........................................6.6
Australia ....................................6.6
Netherlands ..............................6.7
Denmark ...................................7.0
Finland ......................................7.2
New Zealand.............................7.9
Ireland .......................................8.7
Belgium.....................................8.8
Czech Republic .........................9.0
Costa Rica...............................10.7
Chile........................................11.5
Slovenia ..................................11.9
Slovak Republic ......................11.9
United Kingdom ......................12.4
Lebanon ..................................13.7
Malta.......................................13.8
Oman ......................................14.4
Albania ....................................15.6
Hungary ..................................16.4
Libya .......................................16.7
Spain .......................................17.5
Serbia......................................18.4
Saudi Arabia ............................18.6
Mexico ....................................18.7
Iran, Islamic Rep. ....................19.8
Egypt.......................................20.3
Japan ......................................21.8
Uruguay ..................................22.0
Mauritius.................................22.1
Syria ........................................22.3
Montenegro ............................22.6
Tunisia .....................................23.9
Trinidad and Tobago ................24.1
Macedonia, FYR .....................24.2
Poland .....................................24.5
Croatia.....................................25.5
Argentina ................................29.6
Turkey .....................................30.1
Portugal...................................30.3
El Salvador ..............................31.8
Venezuela................................33.5
Estonia ....................................34.0
Kuwait.....................................34.2
Colombia.................................36.0
Singapore................................38.6
Bulgaria ...................................42.6
Bahrain....................................45.6
Brazil .......................................46.5
Nicaragua ................................46.5
Panama ...................................47.4
Paraguay .................................47.5
Latvia ......................................49.8
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
SOURCE: The World Bank, Data Catalog (retrieved July 27, 2010)
409
410
4.05
How serious an impact do you consider HIV/AIDS will have on your company in the next five years (e.g., death, disability, medical and funeral
expenses, productivity and absenteeism, recruitment and training expenses, revenues)? [1 = a serious impact; 7 = no impact at all] | 200910
weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 5.1
Norway ..................................6.7
Albania...................................6.7
Slovak Republic .....................6.7
Bosnia and Herzegovina........6.6
Sweden .................................6.6
Finland ...................................6.6
Iceland ...................................6.6
Austria ...................................6.5
Israel ......................................6.5
New Zealand .........................6.5
Slovenia .................................6.4
Germany ................................6.4
Switzerland ............................6.4
Croatia ...................................6.4
Hungary .................................6.4
Tunisia....................................6.3
Ireland....................................6.3
Belgium .................................6.3
Greece...................................6.3
Montenegro...........................6.2
Cyprus ...................................6.2
Spain......................................6.2
Turkey ....................................6.2
Poland....................................6.2
Canada...................................6.2
Denmark ................................6.1
Uruguay .................................6.1
Luxembourg ..........................6.1
Egypt .....................................6.1
Saudi Arabia...........................6.1
Jordan....................................6.1
Chile ......................................6.1
Syria.......................................6.0
Netherlands ...........................6.0
Lithuania ................................6.0
Italy ........................................6.0
Hong Kong SAR ....................5.9
Portugal .................................5.9
Kuwait ...................................5.9
Sri Lanka................................5.9
Korea, Rep.............................5.9
Japan .....................................5.9
Malta .....................................5.9
Serbia ....................................5.8
Costa Rica .............................5.8
Macedonia, FYR ....................5.8
Singapore ..............................5.8
Bahrain ..................................5.7
Taiwan, China ........................5.7
United Arab Emirates ............5.7
France....................................5.7
Czech Republic......................5.6
Australia.................................5.6
United Kingdom.....................5.6
Armenia .................................5.5
China .....................................5.5
Estonia...................................5.5
Romania ................................5.5
Lebanon.................................5.5
Oman.....................................5.4
Guatemala .............................5.4
Russian Federation................5.4
Algeria ...................................5.4
Latvia .....................................5.4
Peru .......................................5.3
Iran, Islamic Rep....................5.3
Mongolia................................5.3
Brazil ......................................5.3
Puerto Rico............................5.3
Georgia ..................................5.3
RANK
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Bulgaria..................................5.2
Argentina ...............................5.2
El Salvador.............................5.2
Moldova.................................5.2
Ecuador .................................5.2
Bangladesh............................5.2
Brunei Darussalam ................5.2
Mexico...................................5.2
Mauritius ...............................5.1
United States.........................5.1
Panama..................................5.1
Venezuela ..............................5.1
Philippines .............................5.0
Vietnam .................................5.0
Cape Verde ............................5.0
Kazakhstan ............................4.9
Bolivia ....................................4.9
Honduras ...............................4.9
Libya ......................................4.9
Gambia, The ..........................4.9
Paraguay................................4.9
Senegal..................................4.8
Malaysia ................................4.8
Qatar......................................4.7
Indonesia ...............................4.7
Ukraine ..................................4.7
Madagascar ...........................4.7
Nicaragua...............................4.7
India.......................................4.7
Azerbaijan ..............................4.6
Colombia ...............................4.6
Pakistan .................................4.6
Dominican Republic...............4.6
Tajikistan ................................4.6
Morocco ................................4.5
Thailand .................................4.4
Kyrgyz Republic .....................4.4
Jamaica .................................4.4
Ghana ....................................4.4
Timor-Leste............................4.3
Benin .....................................4.2
Barbados ...............................4.2
Burkina Faso..........................3.9
Cambodia ..............................3.9
Nepal .....................................3.9
Rwanda .................................3.8
Cameroon..............................3.8
Nigeria ...................................3.7
Trinidad and Tobago...............3.7
Mauritania..............................3.7
Mali........................................3.7
Guyana ..................................3.6
Cte dIvoire ..........................3.6
Ethiopia..................................3.4
Tanzania .................................3.4
Angola ...................................3.3
Kenya.....................................3.3
Namibia .................................3.2
Burundi ..................................3.1
Mozambique..........................3.1
Zimbabwe..............................2.9
Botswana ..............................2.9
Chad ......................................2.7
Uganda ..................................2.7
Malawi ...................................2.7
Zambia...................................2.7
Lesotho .................................2.5
South Africa...........................2.5
Swaziland ..............................1.6
MEAN: 5.1
4.06
HIV prevalence
RANK
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
46
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
55
55
55
55
55
55
55
55
55
55
55
55
55
55
55
55
SCORE
RANK
Albania4 ..................................<0.1
Bangladesh.............................<0.1
Bosnia and Herzegovina.........<0.1
Brunei Darussalam2 ...............<0.1
Bulgaria3 .................................<0.1
Croatia ....................................<0.1
Czech Republic3 .....................<0.1
Egypt ......................................<0.1
Hong Kong SAR2....................<0.1
Japan3 ....................................<0.1
Korea, Rep..............................<0.1
Macedonia, FYR .....................<0.1
Montenegro3 ..........................<0.1
Oman2 ....................................<0.1
Philippines4 ............................<0.1
Saudi Arabia3 ..........................<0.1
Slovak Republic ......................<0.1
Slovenia ..................................<0.1
Sri Lanka1 ...............................<0.1
Syria3 ......................................<0.1
Turkey2 ...................................<0.1
Algeria.......................................0.1
Armenia ....................................0.1
China.........................................0.1
Finland ......................................0.1
Georgia .....................................0.1
Germany ...................................0.1
Hungary ....................................0.1
Israel .........................................0.1
Kazakhstan................................0.1
Kyrgyz Republic ........................0.1
Lebanon ....................................0.1
Lithuania ...................................0.1
Madagascar ..............................0.1
Malta.........................................0.1
Mongolia ...................................0.1
Morocco....................................0.1
New Zealand.............................0.1
Norway .....................................0.1
Pakistan ....................................0.1
Poland .......................................0.1
Romania....................................0.1
Serbia........................................0.1
Sweden.....................................0.1
Tunisia .......................................0.1
Jordan3 .....................................0.1
Bahrain1..................................<0.2
Cyprus ....................................<0.2
Kuwait ....................................<0.2
Libya1 .....................................<0.2
Qatar1 .....................................<0.2
Taiwan, China2 .......................<0.2
Timor-Leste1 ...........................<0.2
United Arab Emirates1 ...........<0.2
Australia ....................................0.2
Austria.......................................0.2
Azerbaijan .................................0.2
Belgium.....................................0.2
Bolivia .......................................0.2
Denmark ...................................0.2
Greece ......................................0.2
Iceland ......................................0.2
Indonesia ..................................0.2
Iran, Islamic Rep. ......................0.2
Ireland .......................................0.2
Luxembourg..............................0.2
Netherlands ..............................0.2
Nicaragua ..................................0.2
Singapore..................................0.2
United Kingdom ........................0.2
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
71
71
71
71
71
76
77
77
77
77
77
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
89
89
89
89
89
89
95
95
97
97
97
97
97
97
103
104
104
106
106
108
108
110
111
112
112
114
114
114
117
118
119
120
120
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
134
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Chile..........................................0.3
Ecuador.....................................0.3
India ..........................................0.3
Mexico ......................................0.3
Tajikistan ...................................0.3
Puerto Rico3 .............................0.4
Canada ......................................0.4
Costa Rica.................................0.4
France .......................................0.4
Italy ...........................................0.4
Moldova ....................................0.4
Argentina ..................................0.5
Malaysia....................................0.5
Nepal.........................................0.5
Peru ..........................................0.5
Portugal.....................................0.5
Spain .........................................0.5
Vietnam.....................................0.5
Brazil .........................................0.6
Colombia...................................0.6
Paraguay ...................................0.6
Switzerland ...............................0.6
United States ............................0.6
Uruguay ....................................0.6
Honduras ..................................0.7
Venezuela1 ................................0.7
Cambodia..................................0.8
Cape Verde ...............................0.8
El Salvador ................................0.8
Guatemala.................................0.8
Latvia ........................................0.8
Mauritania .................................0.8
Gambia, The .............................0.9
Panama .....................................1.0
Senegal .....................................1.0
Dominican Republic ..................1.1
Russian Federation ...................1.1
Barbados...................................1.2
Benin.........................................1.2
Estonia ......................................1.3
Thailand.....................................1.4
Mali ...........................................1.5
Trinidad and Tobago ..................1.5
Burkina Faso .............................1.6
Jamaica.....................................1.6
Ukraine......................................1.6
Mauritius...................................1.7
Ghana........................................1.9
Burundi .....................................2.0
Angola.......................................2.1
Ethiopia .....................................2.1
Guyana......................................2.5
Rwanda.....................................2.8
Nigeria.......................................3.1
Chad..........................................3.5
Cte dIvoire .............................3.9
Cameroon .................................5.1
Uganda......................................5.4
Tanzania ....................................6.2
Kenya ........................................7.1
Malawi ....................................11.9
Mozambique ...........................12.5
Zambia ....................................15.2
Namibia...................................15.3
Zimbabwe ...............................15.3
South Africa ............................18.1
Lesotho...................................23.2
Botswana................................23.9
Swaziland................................26.1
SOURCES: UNAIDS/World Health Organization, 2008 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic; United Nations Development Programme, Human
2 2008
3 2009
4 2010
411
412
4.07
Infant mortality
Infant (children aged 012 months) mortality per 1,000 live births | 2008
RANK
1
2
2
4
4
6
7
8
8
8
11
11
13
14
14
16
17
17
19
20
20
22
23
23
25
26
27
28
28
28
31
32
33
33
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
SCORE
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
71
72
73
74
75
76
76
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
El Salvador ..............................15.6
Venezuela................................15.8
Colombia.................................16.5
Jordan .....................................17.0
China.......................................17.8
Brazil .......................................18.3
Tunisia .....................................18.3
Saudi Arabia ............................18.4
Panama ...................................19.3
Egypt.......................................19.8
Turkey .....................................19.9
Armenia ..................................20.7
Ecuador...................................21.1
Peru ........................................21.9
Nicaragua ................................22.9
Paraguay .................................24.0
Cape Verde .............................24.2
Honduras ................................25.7
Philippines...............................25.7
Botswana................................26.0
Jamaica...................................26.0
Georgia ...................................26.5
Kazakhstan..............................26.9
Iran, Islamic Rep. ....................27.1
Dominican Republic ................27.2
Guatemala...............................28.6
Indonesia ................................30.7
Trinidad and Tobago ................31.1
Namibia...................................31.4
Azerbaijan ...............................31.9
Morocco..................................32.3
Kyrgyz Republic ......................33.3
Mongolia .................................33.5
Algeria.....................................36.0
Nepal.......................................40.8
Bangladesh .............................42.9
Bolivia .....................................45.7
Guyana....................................46.5
South Africa ............................47.9
Ghana......................................51.0
India ........................................52.3
Tajikistan .................................54.1
Senegal ...................................56.9
Swaziland................................58.8
Zimbabwe ...............................61.5
Lesotho...................................63.1
Malawi ....................................64.7
Tanzania ..................................66.8
Madagascar ............................68.1
Cambodia................................69.3
Ethiopia ...................................69.4
Rwanda...................................71.6
Pakistan ..................................71.9
Timor-Leste .............................74.6
Mauritania ...............................74.6
Benin.......................................76.3
Gambia, The ...........................79.9
Kenya ......................................80.5
Cte dIvoire ...........................80.9
Cameroon ...............................82.3
Uganda....................................84.5
Mozambique ...........................90.4
Zambia ....................................92.0
Burkina Faso ...........................92.1
Nigeria.....................................95.8
Burundi .................................101.9
Mali .......................................102.5
Chad......................................124.0
Angola...................................130.3
SOURCES: The World Bank, Data Catalog (retrieved June 23, 2010); national sources
1 2006
4.08
Life expectancy
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
12
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
SCORE
RANK
Japan ......................................82.6
Hong Kong SAR......................82.3
Switzerland .............................82.2
Italy .........................................81.9
Iceland ....................................81.6
France .....................................81.5
Australia ..................................81.4
Sweden...................................81.2
Spain .......................................81.1
Israel .......................................81.0
Canada ....................................81.0
Norway ...................................80.7
Singapore................................80.7
Luxembourg............................80.5
Austria.....................................80.4
Netherlands ............................80.4
New Zealand...........................80.2
Belgium...................................80.1
Germany .................................80.1
Greece ....................................80.0
United Kingdom ......................79.9
Ireland .....................................79.9
Korea, Rep. .............................79.8
Finland ....................................79.8
Cyprus.....................................79.7
Malta.......................................79.6
Portugal...................................79.2
Slovenia ..................................79.0
Costa Rica...............................78.9
Denmark .................................78.7
Chile........................................78.6
Taiwan, China..........................78.6
Puerto Rico .............................78.6
United States ..........................78.4
Kuwait.....................................78.0
United Arab Emirates .............77.7
Brunei Darussalam .................77.4
Czech Republic .......................77.2
Barbados.................................77.0
Albania ....................................76.6
Uruguay ..................................76.0
Qatar .......................................75.9
Oman ......................................75.9
Croatia.....................................75.9
Bahrain....................................75.9
Panama ...................................75.7
Poland .....................................75.5
Argentina ................................75.3
Ecuador...................................75.1
Bosnia and Herzegovina .........75.1
Mexico ....................................75.1
Slovak Republic ......................74.8
Malaysia..................................74.4
Vietnam...................................74.4
Libya .......................................74.3
Tunisia .....................................74.3
Syria ........................................74.2
Macedonia, FYR .....................74.2
Sri Lanka .................................74.1
Montenegro ............................74.1
Hungary ..................................74.0
Estonia ....................................74.0
Serbia......................................73.6
Venezuela................................73.5
Armenia ..................................73.5
Romania..................................73.4
Bulgaria ...................................73.3
Peru ........................................73.3
Nicaragua ................................73.1
China.......................................73.1
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
SOURCES: The World Bank, Data Catalog (retrieved July 27, 2010); national sources
413
414
4.09
How would you assess the quality of primary schools in your country? [1 = poor; 7 = excellentamong the best in the world] | 200910 weighted
average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 3.9
Finland ...................................6.6
Belgium .................................6.4
Singapore ..............................6.2
Iceland ...................................6.0
Qatar......................................6.0
Switzerland ............................5.9
New Zealand .........................5.8
Barbados ...............................5.8
Canada...................................5.6
Taiwan, China ........................5.6
Ireland....................................5.6
Lebanon.................................5.5
Netherlands ...........................5.4
Australia.................................5.4
Cyprus ...................................5.4
Estonia...................................5.3
Sweden .................................5.3
Denmark ................................5.2
Malta .....................................5.1
Japan .....................................5.1
Austria ...................................5.0
Tunisia....................................5.0
Brunei Darussalam ................5.0
France....................................5.0
Hong Kong SAR ....................4.9
Czech Republic......................4.9
United Kingdom.....................4.9
Slovenia .................................4.9
United Arab Emirates ............4.9
Malaysia ................................4.9
Korea, Rep.............................4.8
Luxembourg ..........................4.8
Costa Rica .............................4.7
United States.........................4.7
China .....................................4.7
Germany ................................4.6
Croatia ...................................4.6
Norway ..................................4.6
Sri Lanka................................4.6
Montenegro...........................4.5
Bahrain ..................................4.5
Poland....................................4.5
Trinidad and Tobago...............4.5
Lithuania ................................4.5
Latvia .....................................4.4
Gambia, The ..........................4.4
Italy ........................................4.4
Oman.....................................4.4
Ukraine ..................................4.4
Bosnia and Herzegovina........4.2
Hungary .................................4.2
Slovak Republic .....................4.2
Guyana ..................................4.2
Saudi Arabia...........................4.2
Indonesia ...............................4.1
Rwanda .................................4.1
Botswana ..............................4.1
Albania...................................4.1
Swaziland ..............................4.1
Romania ................................4.0
Kenya.....................................4.0
Serbia ....................................4.0
Jordan....................................4.0
Uruguay .................................4.0
Russian Federation................3.9
Mauritius ...............................3.9
Portugal .................................3.9
Macedonia, FYR ....................3.9
Cape Verde ............................3.9
Iran, Islamic Rep....................3.8
RANK
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Greece...................................3.8
Moldova.................................3.7
Thailand .................................3.7
Kazakhstan ............................3.7
Israel......................................3.6
Bulgaria..................................3.6
Cameroon..............................3.6
Vietnam .................................3.6
Kuwait ...................................3.5
Benin .....................................3.5
Kyrgyz Republic .....................3.5
Ghana ....................................3.4
Senegal..................................3.4
Puerto Rico............................3.4
Zimbabwe..............................3.3
Syria.......................................3.3
Namibia .................................3.3
Armenia .................................3.3
Jamaica .................................3.3
Colombia ...............................3.3
Ethiopia..................................3.3
Zambia...................................3.2
Spain......................................3.2
Turkey ....................................3.2
Lesotho .................................3.2
Algeria ...................................3.1
Cte dIvoire ..........................3.1
India.......................................3.1
Philippines .............................3.1
Morocco ................................3.1
Argentina ...............................3.1
Uganda ..................................3.0
Pakistan .................................3.0
Malawi ...................................3.0
Georgia ..................................3.0
Mongolia................................3.0
Madagascar ...........................3.0
Burkina Faso..........................2.9
Azerbaijan ..............................2.9
Venezuela ..............................2.9
Cambodia ..............................2.9
Chad ......................................2.9
Tajikistan ................................2.8
El Salvador.............................2.7
Tanzania .................................2.7
Nepal .....................................2.7
Ecuador .................................2.7
Bolivia ....................................2.6
Bangladesh............................2.6
Mexico...................................2.6
Chile ......................................2.6
Nigeria ...................................2.6
Honduras ...............................2.6
Mauritania..............................2.5
South Africa...........................2.5
Egypt .....................................2.5
Brazil ......................................2.5
Libya ......................................2.5
Panama..................................2.4
Mozambique..........................2.4
Nicaragua...............................2.4
Burundi ..................................2.3
Peru .......................................2.3
Guatemala .............................2.2
Timor-Leste............................2.1
Mali........................................2.1
Dominican Republic...............2.0
Paraguay................................1.9
Angola ...................................1.5
MEAN: 3.9
4.10
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
SCORE
RANK
Costa Rica.............................100.0
Japan ....................................100.0
Russian Federation .................99.8
Spain .......................................99.8
Iran, Islamic Rep.5 ..................99.7
United Kingdom ......................99.6
China.......................................99.5
Canada1 ..................................99.5
Sri Lanka .................................99.5
New Zealand...........................99.5
Greece8 ..................................99.4
Burundi ...................................99.4
Tanzania ..................................99.3
Portugal8 .................................98.9
Korea, Rep. .............................98.8
Netherlands ............................98.7
Georgia ...................................98.7
Cyprus.....................................98.7
Norway ...................................98.7
Italy8 .......................................98.6
Montenegro ............................98.5
Argentina6...............................98.5
Madagascar8...........................98.5
France .....................................98.4
Belgium...................................98.4
Panama ...................................98.3
Germany8 ...............................98.2
Puerto Rico .............................98.2
Mexico ....................................98.1
Austria7 ...................................97.9
Bahrain....................................97.9
Taiwan, China..........................97.7
Tunisia .....................................97.7
Iceland ....................................97.6
Uruguay8.................................97.5
Tajikistan .................................97.3
Ireland .....................................97.1
Uganda....................................97.1
Israel .......................................97.1
Slovenia ..................................97.0
Barbados.................................96.9
Australia ..................................96.9
Ecuador8 .................................96.9
Singapore9 ..............................96.8
Slovak Republic ......................96.7
Honduras ................................96.6
Malaysia8 ................................96.1
Finland ....................................96.0
Azerbaijan ...............................96.0
Rwanda...................................95.9
Bulgaria ...................................95.8
Indonesia ................................95.7
Luxembourg............................95.7
Denmark8 ...............................95.6
Poland8 ...................................95.6
Zambia ....................................95.2
Guatemala...............................95.1
Algeria.....................................94.9
Serbia......................................94.8
Turkey .....................................94.7
Guyana....................................94.7
Sweden...................................94.6
Syria3 ......................................94.5
Peru ........................................94.4
Chile8 ......................................94.4
Estonia ....................................94.3
Switzerland .............................94.2
Brazil .......................................94.2
Qatar4 .....................................94.1
El Salvador ..............................94.0
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
n/a
n/a
n/a
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Vietnam2 .................................94.0
Bolivia8....................................93.7
Egypt8 .....................................93.6
Hong Kong SAR6 ....................93.5
Brunei Darussalam .................93.3
Mauritius.................................93.1
Benin.......................................92.8
Lithuania .................................92.2
United States ..........................92.0
Nicaragua ................................91.8
Trinidad and Tobago ................91.8
Philippines...............................91.7
United Arab Emirates8............91.6
Malta8 .....................................91.4
Albania5 ..................................90.8
Malawi ....................................90.6
Kazakhstan..............................90.3
Romania..................................90.3
Croatia8 ...................................90.2
Latvia6.....................................90.1
Venezuela................................90.1
Colombia.................................90.0
Paraguay8 ...............................90.0
Zimbabwe7 .............................89.9
India8 ......................................89.8
Hungary ..................................89.7
Czech Republic7 .....................89.6
Jordan .....................................89.5
Morocco..................................89.5
Thailand...................................89.1
Namibia...................................89.0
Ukraine....................................88.9
Mongolia .................................88.7
Cambodia................................88.6
Lebanon ..................................88.3
Cameroon ...............................88.3
Moldova ..................................87.7
Kuwait.....................................87.6
South Africa8 ..........................87.5
Macedonia, FYR8 ....................86.5
Botswana................................85.6
Bangladesh .............................85.5
Saudi Arabia ............................84.5
Cape Verde .............................84.4
Armenia8.................................84.1
Kyrgyz Republic ......................83.5
Swaziland8 ..............................82.8
Kenya ......................................81.5
Jamaica...................................80.2
Dominican Republic ................80.0
Mozambique ...........................79.9
Nepal5 .....................................78.8
Ethiopia ...................................78.2
Mauritania ...............................76.5
Ghana......................................76.5
Timor-Leste .............................75.9
Senegal ...................................72.9
Lesotho8 .................................72.7
Mali .........................................71.5
Gambia, The ...........................68.7
Oman ......................................68.3
Pakistan ..................................66.1
Nigeria8 ...................................61.4
Chad4 ......................................61.0
Burkina Faso ...........................60.1
Cte dIvoire4 .........................56.0
Angola .......................................n/a
Bosnia and Herzegovina ...........n/a
Libya..........................................n/a
SOURCES: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (retrieved July 16, 2010); The World Bank, EdStats query (retrieved July 16, 2010); national sources
1 2000
2 2001
3 2002
4 2003
5 2004
6 2005
7 2006
8 2007
9 2009
415
Data Tables
Section V
Higher education and training
417
418
5.01
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
SCORE
RANK
Australia ................................149.3
Netherlands ..........................120.7
Spain .....................................119.9
Denmark6 .............................119.2
New Zealand.........................118.5
Ireland ...................................115.0
France ...................................113.2
Norway .................................111.6
Finland ..................................110.3
Iceland ..................................110.1
Belgium.................................108.3
Azerbaijan .............................105.6
Sweden.................................103.5
Barbados6 .............................103.2
Singapore7 ............................103.0
Guyana..................................102.1
Greece6 ................................101.8
Germany ...............................101.7
Canada5 ................................101.3
Portugal6 ...............................101.3
Japan ....................................100.9
Brazil .....................................100.8
Austria...................................100.0
Italy6 .......................................99.9
Poland6 ...................................99.8
Estonia ....................................99.3
Taiwan, China..........................99.2
United Kingdom ......................99.0
Lithuania .................................99.0
Cyprus.....................................98.3
Malta6 .....................................98.1
Latvia ......................................98.0
Hungary ..................................97.4
Korea, Rep. .............................97.2
Slovenia ..................................96.8
Bahrain....................................96.8
Brunei Darussalam .................96.7
Switzerland .............................96.1
Luxembourg............................96.0
Mongolia .................................95.1
South Africa6 ..........................95.1
Czech Republic .......................94.9
Saudi Arabia ............................94.6
Ukraine....................................94.4
United States ..........................94.1
United Arab Emirates6............93.8
Croatia6 ...................................93.6
Libya5......................................93.5
Qatar .......................................93.2
Slovak Republic ......................92.1
Kazakhstan..............................92.0
Uruguay6.................................92.0
Tunisia .....................................91.8
Romania..................................91.6
Jamaica...................................91.2
Chile6 ......................................90.6
Colombia.................................90.6
Bosnia and Herzegovina .........90.2
Georgia ...................................90.0
Israel .......................................90.0
Mexico ....................................89.9
Kuwait.....................................89.8
Costa Rica...............................89.2
Peru ........................................89.1
Trinidad and Tobago ................88.8
Bulgaria ...................................88.6
Serbia......................................88.5
Jordan .....................................88.2
Armenia ..................................88.1
Oman ......................................88.1
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Moldova ..................................87.7
Mauritius.................................87.6
Sri Lanka3 ...............................87.0
Montenegro7 ..........................85.8
Kyrgyz Republic ......................85.1
Argentina6...............................84.9
Russian Federation .................84.8
Tajikistan .................................84.4
Macedonia, FYR .....................83.7
Algeria4 ...................................83.2
Hong Kong SAR......................82.9
Philippines...............................82.5
Puerto Rico .............................82.2
Turkey .....................................82.0
Bolivia6....................................81.8
Lebanon ..................................81.6
Venezuela................................81.1
Botswana5 ..............................80.2
Iran, Islamic Rep. ....................79.7
Egypt3 .....................................79.3
Albania3 ..................................77.7
China.......................................76.1
Ecuador...................................75.7
Dominican Republic ................74.9
Indonesia ................................74.4
Thailand...................................74.3
Syria ........................................74.0
Panama ...................................71.2
Malaysia6 ................................68.2
Nicaragua ................................67.9
Cape Verde3 ...........................67.7
Vietnam1 .................................66.9
Namibia...................................65.8
Paraguay6 ...............................65.7
Honduras ................................64.5
El Salvador ..............................63.6
Kenya ......................................58.3
India6 ......................................57.0
Guatemala...............................56.6
Morocco6 ................................55.8
Ghana......................................55.2
Timor-Leste4 ...........................54.7
Swaziland6 ..............................53.3
Gambia, The ...........................50.8
Zambia ....................................45.6
Bangladesh6 ...........................44.1
Nepal5 .....................................43.5
Zimbabwe5 .............................41.0
Cambodia6 ..............................40.4
Lesotho6 .................................39.9
Cameroon ...............................37.3
Benin4 .....................................36.3
Mali .........................................34.8
Ethiopia ...................................33.4
Pakistan ..................................32.9
Senegal ...................................30.6
Nigeria6 ...................................30.5
Madagascar ............................30.1
Malawi ....................................29.4
Cte dIvoire2 .........................26.3
Tanzania ..................................26.1
Uganda....................................25.3
Mauritania6 .............................24.5
Rwanda...................................21.9
Mozambique ...........................20.6
Chad6 ......................................19.0
Burkina Faso ...........................18.4
Burundi ...................................17.9
Angola2 ...................................17.3
SOURCES: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (retrieved July 16, 2010); national sources
1 2001
2 2002
3 2004
4 2005
5 2006
6 2007
7 2009
5.02
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
SCORE
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
SOURCES: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (retrieved July 16, 2010); national sources
1 2000
2 2001
3 2003
4 2004
5 2005
6 2006
7 2007
8 2009
419
420
5.03
How well does the educational system in your country meet the needs of a competitive economy? [1 = not well at all; 7 = very well] | 200910
weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 3.8
Singapore ..............................6.1
Switzerland ............................6.0
Iceland ...................................5.9
Qatar......................................5.7
Canada...................................5.7
Finland ...................................5.6
Belgium .................................5.5
Sweden .................................5.4
New Zealand .........................5.4
Denmark ................................5.3
Ireland....................................5.3
Australia.................................5.2
Cyprus ...................................5.1
Netherlands ...........................5.1
Barbados ...............................5.0
Lebanon.................................5.0
Taiwan, China ........................5.0
Germany ................................5.0
Norway ..................................5.0
Tunisia....................................5.0
Malta .....................................4.9
Costa Rica .............................4.9
Malaysia ................................4.9
Austria ...................................4.9
Hong Kong SAR ....................4.8
United States.........................4.8
United Arab Emirates ............4.7
United Kingdom.....................4.7
France....................................4.7
Trinidad and Tobago...............4.6
Brunei Darussalam ................4.5
Kenya.....................................4.5
Gambia, The ..........................4.5
Czech Republic......................4.5
Japan .....................................4.5
Luxembourg ..........................4.4
Montenegro...........................4.4
Bahrain ..................................4.4
India.......................................4.3
Indonesia ...............................4.3
Saudi Arabia...........................4.3
Estonia...................................4.3
Oman.....................................4.2
Sri Lanka................................4.2
Benin .....................................4.2
Zimbabwe..............................4.2
Slovenia .................................4.2
Botswana ..............................4.1
Malawi ...................................4.0
Mauritius ...............................4.0
Puerto Rico............................4.0
Zambia...................................4.0
China .....................................4.0
Albania...................................3.9
Jordan....................................3.9
Ukraine ..................................3.9
Korea, Rep.............................3.9
Rwanda .................................3.9
Macedonia, FYR ....................3.9
Ethiopia..................................3.8
Vietnam .................................3.8
Poland....................................3.8
Nigeria ...................................3.8
Latvia .....................................3.8
Cape Verde ............................3.8
Thailand .................................3.7
Uruguay .................................3.7
Guyana ..................................3.7
Philippines .............................3.7
Lithuania ................................3.7
RANK
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Ghana ....................................3.7
Uganda ..................................3.6
Senegal..................................3.6
Israel......................................3.6
Hungary .................................3.6
Portugal .................................3.6
Lesotho .................................3.6
Russian Federation................3.6
Cameroon..............................3.5
Colombia ...............................3.5
Mozambique..........................3.5
Cambodia ..............................3.4
Italy........................................3.4
Romania ................................3.4
Bulgaria..................................3.4
Serbia ....................................3.3
Pakistan .................................3.3
Kuwait ...................................3.3
Croatia ...................................3.3
Argentina ...............................3.3
Kyrgyz Republic .....................3.3
Madagascar ...........................3.3
Kazakhstan ............................3.3
Bangladesh............................3.3
Turkey ....................................3.2
Moldova.................................3.2
Chad ......................................3.2
Jamaica .................................3.2
Tanzania .................................3.2
Chile ......................................3.2
Swaziland ..............................3.2
Bosnia and Herzegovina........3.1
Brazil ......................................3.1
Azerbaijan ..............................3.1
Morocco ................................3.1
Cte dIvoire ..........................3.1
Spain......................................3.1
Iran, Islamic Rep....................3.1
Syria.......................................3.1
Bolivia ....................................3.1
Slovak Republic .....................3.1
Namibia .................................3.0
Tajikistan ................................3.0
Timor-Leste............................3.0
Armenia .................................3.0
Nepal .....................................3.0
Algeria ...................................2.9
Greece...................................2.9
Georgia ..................................2.9
Mexico...................................2.9
El Salvador.............................2.9
Ecuador .................................2.8
Honduras ...............................2.8
Peru .......................................2.7
Mali........................................2.7
Guatemala .............................2.6
Venezuela ..............................2.6
Panama..................................2.6
Burkina Faso..........................2.5
South Africa...........................2.5
Egypt .....................................2.5
Nicaragua...............................2.5
Dominican Republic...............2.4
Burundi ..................................2.3
Mauritania..............................2.3
Mongolia................................2.2
Paraguay................................2.1
Libya ......................................2.0
Angola ...................................2.0
MEAN: 3.8
5.04
How would you assess the quality of math and science education in your countrys schools? [1 = poor; 7 = excellent among the best in the
world] | 200910 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.0
Singapore ..............................6.5
Belgium .................................6.2
Finland ...................................6.2
Qatar......................................5.9
Switzerland ............................5.8
Taiwan, China ........................5.7
Lebanon.................................5.6
Tunisia....................................5.6
New Zealand .........................5.5
Canada...................................5.4
France....................................5.4
Hong Kong SAR ....................5.4
Barbados ...............................5.3
Iceland ...................................5.3
Netherlands ...........................5.2
Cyprus ...................................5.2
Slovenia .................................5.2
Korea, Rep.............................5.1
Denmark................................5.1
Sweden .................................5.0
Estonia...................................4.9
Croatia ...................................4.9
Malta .....................................4.9
Australia.................................4.9
Czech Republic......................4.9
United Arab Emirates ............4.9
Brunei Darussalam ................4.9
Japan .....................................4.9
Lithuania ................................4.9
Hungary .................................4.8
Malaysia ................................4.8
Trinidad and Tobago...............4.8
China .....................................4.7
Ireland....................................4.7
Montenegro...........................4.7
Bosnia and Herzegovina........4.7
Austria ...................................4.7
India.......................................4.7
Germany................................4.7
Poland....................................4.6
Iran, Islamic Rep....................4.6
Ukraine ..................................4.6
Romania ................................4.6
Bahrain ..................................4.5
Luxembourg ..........................4.5
Indonesia ...............................4.5
Sri Lanka................................4.5
Serbia ....................................4.5
Saudi Arabia...........................4.5
Costa Rica .............................4.4
Vietnam .................................4.4
United States.........................4.4
Jordan....................................4.4
Russian Federation................4.4
United Kingdom.....................4.4
Greece...................................4.3
Thailand .................................4.3
Oman.....................................4.2
Latvia .....................................4.2
Benin .....................................4.2
Macedonia, FYR ....................4.2
Albania...................................4.2
Kenya.....................................4.2
Norway ..................................4.1
Slovak Republic .....................4.1
Rwanda .................................4.1
Morocco ................................4.0
Mauritius ...............................4.0
Bulgaria..................................4.0
Syria.......................................3.9
RANK
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Guyana ..................................3.9
Senegal..................................3.9
Mongolia................................3.8
Armenia .................................3.8
Moldova.................................3.8
Zimbabwe..............................3.8
Zambia...................................3.8
Kazakhstan ............................3.8
Botswana ..............................3.7
Malawi ...................................3.7
Cameroon..............................3.7
Italy........................................3.6
Cte dIvoire ..........................3.6
Algeria ...................................3.6
Madagascar ...........................3.6
Gambia, The ..........................3.6
Burkina Faso..........................3.6
Kyrgyz Republic .....................3.6
Kuwait ...................................3.5
Pakistan .................................3.5
Swaziland ..............................3.5
Uruguay .................................3.5
Colombia ...............................3.5
Ethiopia..................................3.5
Israel......................................3.5
Puerto Rico............................3.5
Cape Verde ............................3.4
Ghana ....................................3.4
Turkey ....................................3.4
Lesotho .................................3.4
Azerbaijan ..............................3.3
Uganda ..................................3.3
Chad ......................................3.3
Georgia ..................................3.2
Bangladesh............................3.2
Argentina ...............................3.2
Mauritania..............................3.2
Portugal .................................3.2
Nepal .....................................3.2
Burundi ..................................3.1
Cambodia ..............................3.1
Philippines .............................3.1
Libya ......................................3.1
Spain......................................3.1
Jamaica .................................2.9
Venezuela ..............................2.9
Ecuador .................................2.9
Mozambique..........................2.9
Nigeria ...................................2.9
Namibia .................................2.8
Bolivia ....................................2.8
Tajikistan ................................2.8
Chile ......................................2.8
El Salvador.............................2.7
Egypt .....................................2.7
Brazil ......................................2.7
Tanzania .................................2.7
Mexico...................................2.6
Panama..................................2.6
Honduras ...............................2.6
Guatemala .............................2.6
Nicaragua...............................2.5
Peru .......................................2.5
Mali........................................2.4
Paraguay................................2.1
Dominican Republic...............2.0
South Africa...........................2.0
Timor-Leste............................2.0
Angola ...................................1.6
MEAN: 4.0
421
422
5.05
How would you assess the quality of management or business schools in your country? [1 = poor; 7 = excellent among the best in the world] |
200910 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.2
Qatar......................................6.1
Switzerland ............................6.1
Canada...................................6.0
Belgium .................................6.0
France....................................5.7
Singapore ..............................5.7
Sweden .................................5.6
Spain......................................5.6
Iceland ...................................5.6
United Kingdom.....................5.5
United States.........................5.5
Netherlands ...........................5.5
Costa Rica .............................5.5
Denmark ................................5.4
Chile ......................................5.3
Argentina ...............................5.3
Australia.................................5.3
Finland ...................................5.3
Norway ..................................5.2
Lebanon.................................5.1
South Africa...........................5.1
Tunisia....................................5.1
India.......................................5.1
Hong Kong SAR ....................5.1
New Zealand .........................5.0
Ireland....................................5.0
Taiwan, China ........................5.0
United Arab Emirates ............5.0
Barbados ...............................5.0
Cyprus ...................................4.9
Germany ................................4.9
Portugal .................................4.9
Austria ...................................4.9
Trinidad and Tobago...............4.9
Malaysia ................................4.7
Malta .....................................4.7
Sri Lanka................................4.7
Italy ........................................4.7
Uruguay .................................4.7
Senegal..................................4.6
Estonia...................................4.6
Peru .......................................4.6
Guatemala .............................4.6
Slovenia .................................4.6
Bahrain ..................................4.6
Israel ......................................4.6
Korea, Rep.............................4.5
Montenegro...........................4.5
Morocco ................................4.5
Benin .....................................4.5
Kenya.....................................4.5
Mexico...................................4.5
Gambia, The ..........................4.5
Puerto Rico............................4.4
Indonesia ...............................4.4
Czech Republic......................4.4
Venezuela ..............................4.4
Thailand .................................4.4
Colombia ...............................4.3
Saudi Arabia...........................4.3
Philippines .............................4.3
Poland....................................4.2
China .....................................4.2
Ghana ....................................4.2
Japan .....................................4.2
Luxembourg ..........................4.2
Latvia .....................................4.2
Lithuania ................................4.2
Brunei Darussalam ................4.1
Jamaica .................................4.1
RANK
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Hungary .................................4.1
Zimbabwe..............................4.1
Brazil ......................................4.1
Cameroon..............................4.0
Macedonia, FYR ....................4.0
Guyana ..................................4.0
Madagascar ...........................4.0
Zambia...................................4.0
El Salvador.............................4.0
Pakistan .................................4.0
Oman.....................................4.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina........3.9
Jordan....................................3.9
Uganda ..................................3.9
Albania...................................3.8
Bangladesh............................3.8
Iran, Islamic Rep....................3.8
Croatia ...................................3.8
Burkina Faso..........................3.8
Mauritius ...............................3.8
Algeria ...................................3.8
Russian Federation................3.8
Dominican Republic...............3.7
Bulgaria..................................3.7
Kuwait ...................................3.7
Malawi ...................................3.7
Greece...................................3.7
Romania ................................3.7
Nigeria ...................................3.7
Cte dIvoire ..........................3.7
Serbia ....................................3.6
Rwanda .................................3.6
Ecuador .................................3.6
Kazakhstan ............................3.6
Turkey ....................................3.6
Ethiopia..................................3.6
Vietnam .................................3.5
Ukraine ..................................3.5
Panama..................................3.5
Honduras ...............................3.5
Lesotho .................................3.5
Nicaragua...............................3.5
Botswana ..............................3.5
Slovak Republic .....................3.4
Syria.......................................3.4
Georgia ..................................3.4
Mozambique..........................3.3
Cambodia ..............................3.3
Bolivia ....................................3.3
Chad ......................................3.3
Cape Verde ............................3.3
Egypt .....................................3.3
Moldova.................................3.3
Azerbaijan ..............................3.2
Nepal .....................................3.2
Mali........................................3.1
Namibia .................................3.1
Tanzania .................................3.0
Kyrgyz Republic .....................3.0
Armenia .................................2.9
Burundi ..................................2.9
Paraguay................................2.9
Tajikistan ................................2.8
Swaziland ..............................2.7
Mongolia................................2.7
Mauritania..............................2.4
Libya ......................................2.2
Timor-Leste............................2.2
Angola ...................................1.8
MEAN: 4.2
5.06
How would you rate the level of access to the Internet in schools in your country? [1 = very limited; 7 = extensive] | 200910 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.1
Iceland ...................................6.8
Estonia...................................6.4
Sweden .................................6.4
Qatar......................................6.3
Singapore ..............................6.2
Netherlands ...........................6.2
Switzerland ............................6.2
Taiwan, China ........................6.1
Hong Kong SAR ....................6.1
Denmark................................6.1
Finland ...................................6.1
Korea, Rep.............................6.0
Canada...................................6.0
United States.........................5.9
Norway ..................................5.9
Austria ...................................5.8
Malta .....................................5.8
United Kingdom.....................5.8
Luxembourg ..........................5.8
Belgium .................................5.8
New Zealand .........................5.8
China .....................................5.7
Slovenia .................................5.7
Czech Republic......................5.7
Portugal .................................5.6
Uruguay .................................5.5
Lithuania ................................5.5
Australia.................................5.5
United Arab Emirates ............5.4
Latvia .....................................5.4
Hungary .................................5.4
Bahrain ..................................5.3
Israel......................................5.2
Barbados ...............................5.0
Slovak Republic .....................5.0
Malaysia ................................5.0
Cyprus ...................................4.9
Brunei Darussalam ................4.9
Germany................................4.9
Japan .....................................4.9
France....................................4.8
Chile ......................................4.7
Thailand .................................4.7
Croatia ...................................4.7
Bulgaria..................................4.6
Oman.....................................4.6
Tunisia....................................4.5
Poland....................................4.5
Vietnam .................................4.5
Indonesia ...............................4.5
Jordan....................................4.4
Saudi Arabia...........................4.4
Spain......................................4.4
Macedonia, FYR ....................4.4
Romania ................................4.3
Montenegro...........................4.3
Turkey ....................................4.3
Ireland....................................4.2
Puerto Rico............................4.2
Senegal..................................4.2
Moldova.................................4.1
Russian Federation................4.1
Kazakhstan ............................4.1
Costa Rica .............................4.1
Trinidad and Tobago...............4.0
Peru .......................................3.9
Kuwait ...................................3.9
Ukraine ..................................3.8
Albania...................................3.8
India.......................................3.8
RANK
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.1
423
424
5.07
In your country, to what extent are high-quality, specialized training services available? [1 = not available; 7 = widely available] | 200910
weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.1
Switzerland ............................6.5
Germany ................................6.2
Sweden .................................6.1
Netherlands ...........................6.0
France....................................5.9
Austria ...................................5.9
Finland ...................................5.8
Denmark ................................5.8
Belgium .................................5.8
United States.........................5.8
Canada...................................5.7
United Kingdom.....................5.7
Japan .....................................5.6
Norway ..................................5.5
Hong Kong SAR ....................5.4
Iceland ...................................5.4
Czech Republic......................5.4
Puerto Rico............................5.3
Singapore ..............................5.3
Australia.................................5.3
Taiwan, China ........................5.2
Poland....................................5.1
United Arab Emirates ............5.1
Ireland....................................5.0
Malaysia ................................5.0
Spain......................................5.0
Tunisia....................................5.0
Luxembourg ..........................4.9
New Zealand .........................4.9
Israel ......................................4.9
Chile ......................................4.9
Costa Rica .............................4.9
Estonia...................................4.8
Saudi Arabia...........................4.7
Slovenia .................................4.7
Brazil ......................................4.7
Italy ........................................4.7
Lithuania ................................4.6
Korea, Rep.............................4.6
Portugal .................................4.6
Slovak Republic .....................4.6
Argentina ...............................4.5
Cyprus ...................................4.5
Malta .....................................4.5
Senegal..................................4.5
Sri Lanka................................4.4
Hungary .................................4.4
Jordan....................................4.4
South Africa...........................4.4
China .....................................4.4
India.......................................4.4
Indonesia ...............................4.4
Lebanon.................................4.4
Guatemala .............................4.4
Mexico...................................4.3
Kenya.....................................4.3
Uruguay .................................4.3
Turkey ....................................4.2
Trinidad and Tobago...............4.2
Morocco ................................4.2
Croatia ...................................4.2
Panama..................................4.2
Cte dIvoire ..........................4.2
Egypt .....................................4.1
Colombia ...............................4.1
Azerbaijan ..............................4.1
Russian Federation................4.1
Latvia .....................................4.1
Thailand .................................4.1
Barbados ...............................4.1
RANK
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Qatar......................................4.1
Gambia, The ..........................4.0
Peru .......................................4.0
Iran, Islamic Rep....................4.0
Kuwait ...................................4.0
Kazakhstan ............................4.0
Philippines .............................4.0
Dominican Republic...............3.9
Montenegro...........................3.9
Bulgaria..................................3.9
Bahrain ..................................3.9
Benin .....................................3.9
El Salvador.............................3.9
Ukraine ..................................3.9
Oman.....................................3.8
Zambia...................................3.8
Mauritius ...............................3.8
Greece...................................3.7
Honduras ...............................3.7
Nigeria ...................................3.7
Burkina Faso..........................3.7
Malawi ...................................3.7
Moldova.................................3.6
Albania...................................3.6
Romania ................................3.5
Cameroon..............................3.5
Pakistan .................................3.5
Ghana ....................................3.5
Jamaica .................................3.5
Serbia ....................................3.5
Uganda ..................................3.4
Macedonia, FYR ....................3.4
Ecuador .................................3.4
Vietnam .................................3.4
Algeria ...................................3.4
Guyana ..................................3.4
Tanzania .................................3.4
Botswana ..............................3.4
Zimbabwe..............................3.3
Madagascar ...........................3.3
Cambodia ..............................3.3
Bolivia ....................................3.3
Mali........................................3.3
Syria.......................................3.3
Brunei Darussalam ................3.2
Namibia .................................3.2
Lesotho .................................3.2
Rwanda .................................3.2
Nicaragua...............................3.1
Kyrgyz Republic .....................3.1
Tajikistan ................................3.1
Ethiopia..................................3.1
Venezuela ..............................3.0
Armenia .................................3.0
Georgia ..................................3.0
Mozambique..........................3.0
Bangladesh............................3.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina........3.0
Cape Verde ............................2.9
Paraguay................................2.9
Chad ......................................2.9
Nepal .....................................2.7
Angola ...................................2.7
Libya ......................................2.7
Mauritania..............................2.6
Timor-Leste............................2.6
Swaziland ..............................2.3
Burundi ..................................2.2
Mongolia................................1.9
MEAN: 4.1
5.08
To what extent do companies in your country invest in training and employee development? [1 = hardly at all; 7 = to a great extent] | 200910
weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.0
Sweden .................................5.7
Switzerland ............................5.5
Norway ..................................5.5
Singapore ..............................5.5
Luxembourg ..........................5.4
Japan .....................................5.4
Denmark................................5.4
Germany................................5.2
Finland ...................................5.2
United States.........................5.1
Netherlands ...........................5.1
Canada...................................5.0
Malaysia ................................5.0
Austria ...................................4.9
Belgium .................................4.9
Bahrain ..................................4.9
Puerto Rico............................4.9
Tunisia....................................4.8
Qatar......................................4.8
Australia.................................4.8
New Zealand .........................4.8
Costa Rica .............................4.8
Ireland....................................4.7
Iceland ...................................4.7
Israel......................................4.7
South Africa...........................4.7
Hong Kong SAR ....................4.7
United Kingdom.....................4.7
United Arab Emirates ............4.7
France....................................4.7
Taiwan, China ........................4.7
Gambia, The ..........................4.4
Chile ......................................4.4
Saudi Arabia...........................4.4
Cyprus ...................................4.4
Indonesia ...............................4.4
Sri Lanka................................4.4
Rwanda .................................4.4
Angola ...................................4.4
Czech Republic......................4.4
Mauritius ...............................4.4
Korea, Rep.............................4.4
Barbados ...............................4.3
Cte dIvoire ..........................4.3
Oman.....................................4.3
Philippines .............................4.3
Malta .....................................4.3
Estonia...................................4.3
Jamaica .................................4.2
Panama..................................4.2
Trinidad and Tobago...............4.2
Poland....................................4.2
Brazil ......................................4.2
Botswana ..............................4.2
Albania...................................4.2
Guatemala .............................4.2
China .....................................4.1
Vietnam .................................4.1
India.......................................4.1
Brunei Darussalam ................4.1
Guyana ..................................4.1
Thailand .................................4.1
El Salvador.............................4.1
Lithuania ................................4.1
Slovenia .................................4.1
Namibia .................................4.0
Malawi ...................................4.0
Azerbaijan ..............................4.0
Montenegro...........................4.0
Kenya.....................................3.9
RANK
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Zimbabwe..............................3.9
Romania ................................3.9
Portugal .................................3.9
Nigeria ...................................3.9
Slovak Republic .....................3.9
Latvia .....................................3.9
Ghana ....................................3.8
Peru .......................................3.8
Argentina ...............................3.8
Honduras ...............................3.8
Zambia...................................3.8
Mongolia................................3.8
Lesotho .................................3.8
Mexico...................................3.8
Turkey ....................................3.7
Uruguay .................................3.7
Morocco ................................3.7
Hungary .................................3.7
Spain......................................3.7
Russian Federation................3.7
Venezuela ..............................3.7
Cambodia ..............................3.7
Cameroon..............................3.7
Dominican Republic...............3.6
Nicaragua...............................3.6
Kuwait ...................................3.6
Swaziland ..............................3.6
Kazakhstan ............................3.6
Colombia ...............................3.6
Uganda ..................................3.6
Jordan....................................3.6
Lebanon.................................3.5
Algeria ...................................3.5
Benin .....................................3.5
Greece...................................3.5
Tanzania .................................3.4
Ecuador .................................3.4
Georgia ..................................3.4
Ukraine ..................................3.4
Libya ......................................3.4
Mozambique..........................3.4
Egypt .....................................3.3
Senegal..................................3.3
Madagascar ...........................3.3
Pakistan .................................3.3
Armenia .................................3.3
Moldova.................................3.3
Tajikistan ................................3.3
Macedonia, FYR ....................3.3
Cape Verde ............................3.3
Bolivia ....................................3.3
Ethiopia..................................3.2
Paraguay................................3.2
Kyrgyz Republic .....................3.2
Chad ......................................3.2
Timor-Leste............................3.2
Italy........................................3.2
Croatia ...................................3.1
Bangladesh............................3.1
Serbia ....................................3.0
Mali........................................3.0
Iran, Islamic Rep....................2.9
Burundi ..................................2.9
Burkina Faso..........................2.9
Bulgaria..................................2.8
Bosnia and Herzegovina........2.7
Nepal .....................................2.7
Mauritania..............................2.6
Syria.......................................2.5
MEAN: 4.0
425
Data Tables
Section VI
Goods market efficiency
427
428
6.01
How would you assess the intensity of competition in the local markets in your country? [1 = limited in most industries; 7 = intense in most
industries] | 200910 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.8
RANK
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Ghana ....................................4.8
Jamaica .................................4.8
Mali........................................4.8
Benin .....................................4.8
Vietnam .................................4.8
Cte dIvoire ..........................4.8
Greece...................................4.7
Lithuania ................................4.7
Romania ................................4.7
Barbados ...............................4.7
Bangladesh............................4.7
Colombia ...............................4.7
Malawi ...................................4.7
Italy........................................4.7
Zambia...................................4.6
Dominican Republic...............4.6
Pakistan .................................4.6
Namibia .................................4.6
Botswana ..............................4.6
Gambia, The ..........................4.6
Egypt .....................................4.6
Latvia .....................................4.6
Algeria ...................................4.5
Bulgaria..................................4.5
Mongolia................................4.5
Macedonia, FYR ....................4.5
Honduras ...............................4.5
Mexico...................................4.5
Guyana ..................................4.5
Rwanda .................................4.3
Moldova.................................4.3
Swaziland ..............................4.3
Madagascar ...........................4.3
Tanzania .................................4.3
Uruguay .................................4.3
Cambodia ..............................4.3
Argentina ...............................4.3
Nepal .....................................4.2
Kazakhstan ............................4.2
Lesotho .................................4.2
Ethiopia..................................4.2
Iran, Islamic Rep....................4.2
Albania...................................4.2
Croatia ...................................4.2
Russian Federation................4.1
Ecuador .................................4.1
Paraguay................................4.1
Ukraine ..................................4.1
Zimbabwe..............................4.1
Mozambique..........................4.0
Cape Verde ............................4.0
Montenegro...........................4.0
Tajikistan ................................4.0
Georgia ..................................3.9
Nicaragua...............................3.9
Bolivia ....................................3.9
Angola ...................................3.9
Burkina Faso..........................3.9
Kyrgyz Republic .....................3.8
Libya ......................................3.8
Serbia ....................................3.8
Mauritania..............................3.8
Bosnia and Herzegovina........3.7
Azerbaijan ..............................3.7
Burundi ..................................3.6
Armenia .................................3.5
Timor-Leste............................3.5
Venezuela ..............................3.2
Chad ......................................3.1
MEAN: 4.8
6.02
How would you characterize corporate activity in your country? [1 = dominated by a few business groups; 7 = spread among many firms] |
200910 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 3.8
Germany................................5.9
Japan .....................................5.9
Switzerland ............................5.7
Taiwan, China ........................5.7
Belgium .................................5.5
Netherlands ...........................5.4
Qatar......................................5.3
Austria ...................................5.3
United States.........................5.3
United Kingdom.....................5.2
Australia.................................5.1
Denmark................................5.1
Canada...................................5.0
Singapore ..............................5.0
Czech Republic......................5.0
Italy........................................4.9
Tunisia....................................4.9
Norway ..................................4.9
Sweden .................................4.9
Puerto Rico............................4.8
United Arab Emirates ............4.8
France....................................4.8
China .....................................4.8
Benin .....................................4.8
Saudi Arabia...........................4.7
India.......................................4.7
Finland ...................................4.7
Luxembourg ..........................4.6
Costa Rica .............................4.6
Malaysia ................................4.6
Cyprus ...................................4.6
Spain......................................4.5
Slovak Republic .....................4.5
Sri Lanka................................4.4
Gambia, The ..........................4.4
Ireland....................................4.4
Bahrain ..................................4.3
Estonia...................................4.2
Poland....................................4.2
New Zealand .........................4.2
Panama..................................4.2
Indonesia ...............................4.2
South Africa...........................4.2
Ghana ....................................4.2
Turkey ....................................4.2
Brazil ......................................4.2
Malta .....................................4.1
Vietnam .................................4.0
Kenya.....................................4.0
Burundi ..................................4.0
Guatemala .............................4.0
Montenegro...........................3.9
Senegal..................................3.9
Iran, Islamic Rep....................3.9
Algeria ...................................3.9
Uruguay .................................3.9
Slovenia .................................3.9
Jordan....................................3.9
Romania ................................3.8
Kuwait ...................................3.8
Nigeria ...................................3.8
Hungary .................................3.7
Albania...................................3.7
Zimbabwe..............................3.7
Pakistan .................................3.7
Hong Kong SAR ....................3.7
Greece...................................3.7
Morocco ................................3.7
Thailand .................................3.7
Latvia .....................................3.7
RANK
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Lebanon.................................3.6
Oman.....................................3.6
Tanzania .................................3.6
Brunei Darussalam ................3.6
Cameroon..............................3.6
Mali........................................3.5
Zambia...................................3.5
Chile ......................................3.5
Guyana ..................................3.5
Cambodia ..............................3.5
Chad ......................................3.5
Ethiopia..................................3.5
Botswana ..............................3.4
Cape Verde ............................3.4
Macedonia, FYR ....................3.4
Namibia .................................3.4
Bulgaria..................................3.4
Russian Federation................3.4
Rwanda .................................3.4
Peru .......................................3.4
Kazakhstan ............................3.4
Swaziland ..............................3.3
Jamaica .................................3.3
Barbados ...............................3.3
Egypt .....................................3.3
Portugal .................................3.3
Lithuania ................................3.3
Tajikistan ................................3.3
El Salvador.............................3.3
Malawi ...................................3.3
Trinidad and Tobago...............3.3
Moldova.................................3.3
Lesotho .................................3.3
Argentina ...............................3.3
Bolivia ....................................3.2
Azerbaijan ..............................3.2
Iceland ...................................3.2
Cte dIvoire ..........................3.2
Philippines .............................3.2
Paraguay................................3.2
Madagascar ...........................3.2
Korea, Rep.............................3.2
Georgia ..................................3.2
Mozambique..........................3.1
Bangladesh............................3.1
Mauritius ...............................3.1
Israel......................................3.1
Burkina Faso..........................3.1
Syria.......................................3.1
Honduras ...............................3.1
Croatia ...................................3.0
Mauritania..............................3.0
Timor-Leste............................3.0
Colombia ...............................3.0
Uganda ..................................3.0
Kyrgyz Republic .....................2.9
Mexico...................................2.9
Ukraine ..................................2.9
Nicaragua...............................2.8
Angola ...................................2.8
Dominican Republic...............2.8
Ecuador .................................2.8
Armenia .................................2.8
Libya ......................................2.7
Venezuela ..............................2.7
Nepal .....................................2.6
Bosnia and Herzegovina........2.5
Serbia ....................................2.5
Mongolia................................2.2
MEAN: 3.8
429
430
6.03
To what extent does anti-monopoly policy promote competition in your country? [1 = does not promote competition; 7 = effectively promotes
competition] | 200910 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.1
Sweden .................................5.8
Netherlands ...........................5.8
Germany ................................5.5
Finland ...................................5.4
New Zealand .........................5.4
Denmark ................................5.4
Japan .....................................5.4
United Kingdom.....................5.4
Singapore ..............................5.3
France....................................5.3
Norway ..................................5.3
South Africa...........................5.2
Belgium .................................5.2
Canada...................................5.2
Australia.................................5.2
Austria ...................................5.1
United States.........................5.1
Tunisia....................................5.0
Puerto Rico............................5.0
Luxembourg ..........................5.0
Taiwan, China ........................4.9
Chile ......................................4.9
Switzerland ............................4.9
United Arab Emirates ............4.9
Ireland....................................4.8
Cyprus ...................................4.8
Bahrain ..................................4.8
Saudi Arabia...........................4.8
India.......................................4.8
Qatar......................................4.7
Czech Republic......................4.6
Malaysia ................................4.6
Spain......................................4.6
Turkey ....................................4.6
Indonesia ...............................4.6
Oman.....................................4.6
Malta .....................................4.5
Israel ......................................4.5
Brazil ......................................4.5
Slovenia .................................4.5
Costa Rica .............................4.5
Gambia, The ..........................4.5
Korea, Rep.............................4.4
Iceland ...................................4.4
Sri Lanka................................4.4
Estonia...................................4.4
Rwanda .................................4.4
Panama..................................4.4
Portugal .................................4.4
China .....................................4.4
Jordan....................................4.4
Poland....................................4.3
Zambia...................................4.3
Kenya.....................................4.3
Benin .....................................4.3
Thailand .................................4.2
Malawi ...................................4.2
Vietnam .................................4.2
Iran, Islamic Rep....................4.2
Namibia .................................4.2
Slovak Republic .....................4.2
Jamaica .................................4.2
Hong Kong SAR ....................4.1
Mauritius ...............................4.1
Ghana ....................................4.0
Hungary .................................4.0
Tanzania .................................4.0
Nigeria ...................................4.0
Barbados ...............................4.0
Senegal..................................4.0
RANK
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Morocco ................................4.0
Greece...................................4.0
Pakistan .................................3.9
Cape Verde ............................3.9
Brunei Darussalam ................3.9
Peru .......................................3.9
Cameroon..............................3.9
Latvia .....................................3.9
Cambodia ..............................3.9
Uganda ..................................3.8
Trinidad and Tobago...............3.8
Mauritania..............................3.8
Botswana ..............................3.8
Montenegro...........................3.8
Romania ................................3.8
Zimbabwe..............................3.8
Kuwait ...................................3.8
Burkina Faso..........................3.8
Cte dIvoire ..........................3.8
Colombia ...............................3.8
Algeria ...................................3.7
Philippines .............................3.7
Italy........................................3.7
Macedonia, FYR ....................3.7
Guyana ..................................3.7
El Salvador.............................3.7
Swaziland ..............................3.7
Croatia ...................................3.6
Lesotho .................................3.6
Mozambique..........................3.6
Guatemala .............................3.6
Bangladesh............................3.6
Ethiopia..................................3.6
Uruguay .................................3.6
Honduras ...............................3.5
Egypt .....................................3.5
Nepal .....................................3.5
Russian Federation................3.4
Albania...................................3.4
Syria.......................................3.4
Lithuania ................................3.4
Mali........................................3.4
Kazakhstan ............................3.4
Bulgaria..................................3.3
Tajikistan ................................3.3
Mexico...................................3.3
Mongolia................................3.3
Argentina ...............................3.3
Moldova.................................3.2
Dominican Republic...............3.2
Chad ......................................3.2
Madagascar ...........................3.2
Nicaragua...............................3.1
Bolivia ....................................3.1
Bosnia and Herzegovina........3.1
Ukraine ..................................3.1
Lebanon.................................3.1
Angola ...................................3.1
Azerbaijan ..............................3.0
Kyrgyz Republic .....................3.0
Timor-Leste............................3.0
Paraguay................................3.0
Ecuador .................................2.9
Burundi ..................................2.9
Georgia ..................................2.8
Libya ......................................2.8
Serbia ....................................2.8
Armenia .................................2.6
Venezuela ..............................2.6
MEAN: 4.1
6.04
What impact does the level of taxes in your country have on incentives to work or invest? [1 = significantly limits incentives to work or invest;
7 = has no impact on incentives to work or invest] | 200910 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 3.6
Bahrain ..................................6.1
Hong Kong SAR ....................6.0
Singapore ..............................5.6
Oman.....................................5.6
United Arab Emirates ............5.5
Kuwait ...................................5.5
Luxembourg ..........................5.4
Mauritius ...............................5.4
Saudi Arabia...........................5.3
Switzerland ............................5.0
Qatar......................................4.8
Cyprus ...................................4.7
Botswana ..............................4.6
Tunisia....................................4.5
Brunei Darussalam ................4.5
Timor-Leste............................4.5
Indonesia ...............................4.4
Estonia...................................4.3
Chile ......................................4.3
Barbados ...............................4.3
Montenegro...........................4.3
Lebanon.................................4.3
Paraguay................................4.3
Georgia ..................................4.2
Taiwan, China ........................4.2
Trinidad and Tobago...............4.2
Slovak Republic .....................4.1
Malaysia ................................4.1
China .....................................4.1
Angola ...................................4.1
South Africa...........................4.1
Malta .....................................4.0
Namibia .................................4.0
Libya ......................................4.0
El Salvador.............................4.0
India.......................................4.0
Iceland ...................................3.9
Ireland....................................3.9
Albania...................................3.8
Ghana ....................................3.8
Costa Rica .............................3.8
Macedonia, FYR ....................3.8
Panama..................................3.8
New Zealand .........................3.8
Israel......................................3.8
Pakistan .................................3.8
Peru .......................................3.8
Canada...................................3.8
Czech Republic......................3.8
Nigeria ...................................3.7
Honduras ...............................3.7
Sri Lanka................................3.7
Thailand .................................3.7
Bangladesh............................3.7
Moldova.................................3.7
Algeria ...................................3.7
Rwanda .................................3.7
Vietnam .................................3.7
Netherlands ...........................3.7
Gambia, The ..........................3.7
Cambodia ..............................3.7
Ethiopia..................................3.7
Austria ...................................3.6
Norway ..................................3.6
Tanzania .................................3.6
Australia.................................3.6
Syria.......................................3.6
Guatemala .............................3.6
Mongolia................................3.6
Nepal .....................................3.6
RANK
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
United States.........................3.5
Iran, Islamic Rep....................3.5
Swaziland ..............................3.5
Kazakhstan ............................3.5
Egypt .....................................3.5
Azerbaijan ..............................3.5
Philippines .............................3.5
Tajikistan ................................3.5
Zambia...................................3.5
Lesotho .................................3.4
Korea, Rep.............................3.4
Nicaragua...............................3.4
Bulgaria..................................3.4
Armenia .................................3.4
Uganda ..................................3.3
Burkina Faso..........................3.3
Mauritania..............................3.3
Mozambique..........................3.3
Slovenia .................................3.3
Germany................................3.3
Benin .....................................3.2
Jordan....................................3.2
Zimbabwe..............................3.2
Cape Verde ............................3.2
United Kingdom.....................3.2
Malawi ...................................3.2
Russian Federation................3.2
Venezuela ..............................3.2
Greece...................................3.2
Morocco ................................3.2
Senegal..................................3.1
Japan .....................................3.1
Cte dIvoire ..........................3.1
Uruguay .................................3.1
Madagascar ...........................3.1
Kyrgyz Republic .....................3.1
Poland....................................3.1
France....................................3.1
Puerto Rico............................3.1
Sweden .................................3.0
Bolivia ....................................3.0
Spain......................................3.0
Mexico...................................3.0
Finland ...................................3.0
Dominican Republic...............3.0
Mali........................................2.9
Latvia .....................................2.9
Turkey ....................................2.9
Cameroon..............................2.9
Serbia ....................................2.8
Jamaica .................................2.8
Kenya.....................................2.8
Portugal .................................2.8
Ecuador .................................2.8
Guyana ..................................2.8
Lithuania ................................2.7
Burundi ..................................2.7
Colombia ...............................2.6
Chad ......................................2.6
Denmark................................2.6
Romania ................................2.5
Bosnia and Herzegovina........2.4
Italy........................................2.4
Croatia ...................................2.4
Belgium .................................2.3
Ukraine ..................................2.3
Argentina ...............................2.2
Hungary .................................2.1
Brazil ......................................2.0
MEAN: 3.6
431
432
6.05
This variable is a combination of profit tax (% of profits), labor tax and contribution (% of profits), and other taxes (% of profits) | 2009
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
29
31
32
32
32
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
50
50
53
54
54
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
SCORE
RANK
Timor-Leste ...............................0.2
Namibia.....................................9.6
Qatar .......................................11.3
United Arab Emirates .............14.1
Saudi Arabia ............................14.5
Bahrain....................................15.0
Georgia ...................................15.3
Kuwait.....................................15.5
Zambia ....................................16.1
Macedonia, FYR .....................16.4
Botswana................................17.1
Lesotho...................................18.5
Luxembourg............................20.9
Oman ......................................21.6
Cambodia................................22.7
Mongolia .................................22.8
Mauritius.................................22.9
Hong Kong SAR......................24.2
Iceland ....................................25.0
Chile........................................25.3
Malawi ....................................25.8
Ireland .....................................26.5
Bosnia and Herzegovina .........27.1
Singapore................................27.8
Cyprus.....................................28.8
Montenegro ............................28.9
Denmark .................................29.2
Switzerland .............................29.7
Lebanon ..................................30.2
South Africa ............................30.2
Brunei Darussalam .................30.3
Ethiopia ...................................31.1
Jordan .....................................31.1
Moldova ..................................31.1
Rwanda...................................31.3
Bulgaria ...................................31.4
Pakistan ..................................31.6
Korea, Rep. .............................31.9
Nigeria.....................................32.2
Croatia.....................................32.5
Israel .......................................32.6
Ghana......................................32.7
New Zealand...........................32.8
Latvia ......................................33.0
Trinidad and Tobago ................33.1
Serbia......................................34.0
Malaysia..................................34.2
Mozambique ...........................34.3
Ecuador...................................34.9
Bangladesh .............................35.0
El Salvador ..............................35.0
Paraguay .................................35.0
Uganda....................................35.7
Kazakhstan..............................35.9
United Kingdom ......................35.9
Armenia ..................................36.2
Swaziland................................36.6
Thailand...................................37.2
Slovenia ..................................37.5
Indonesia ................................37.6
Nepal.......................................38.8
Guyana....................................38.9
Dominican Republic ................39.0
Madagascar ............................39.2
Netherlands ............................39.3
Zimbabwe ...............................39.4
Vietnam...................................40.1
Peru ........................................40.3
Taiwan, China..........................40.4
Azerbaijan ...............................40.9
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
70
72
73
74
75
76
76
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
84
84
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
95
97
98
99
100
100
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
123
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
n/a
n/a
n/a
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Guatemala...............................40.9
Norway ...................................41.6
Morocco..................................41.7
Poland .....................................42.5
Lithuania .................................42.7
Portugal...................................42.9
Syria ........................................42.9
Egypt.......................................43.0
Canada ....................................43.6
Iran, Islamic Rep. ....................44.2
Turkey .....................................44.5
Romania..................................44.6
Cte dIvoire ...........................44.7
Albania ....................................44.9
Burkina Faso ...........................44.9
Germany .................................44.9
Tanzania ..................................45.2
Senegal ...................................46.0
United States ..........................46.3
Uruguay ..................................46.7
Czech Republic .......................47.2
Greece ....................................47.4
Finland ....................................47.7
Australia ..................................48.0
Honduras ................................48.3
Russian Federation .................48.3
Slovak Republic ......................48.6
Estonia ....................................49.1
Philippines...............................49.4
Cape Verde .............................49.7
Kenya ......................................49.7
Panama ...................................50.1
Cameroon ...............................50.5
Mexico ....................................51.0
Jamaica...................................51.3
Mali .........................................52.1
Angola.....................................53.2
Sweden...................................54.6
Costa Rica...............................54.8
Austria.....................................55.5
Japan ......................................55.7
Spain .......................................56.9
Ukraine....................................57.2
Belgium...................................57.3
Hungary ..................................57.5
Kyrgyz Republic ......................59.4
Chad........................................60.9
Venezuela................................61.1
Tunisia .....................................62.8
Nicaragua ................................63.2
Sri Lanka .................................63.7
China.......................................63.8
India ........................................64.7
Puerto Rico .............................64.7
France .....................................65.8
Italy .........................................68.4
Brazil .......................................69.2
Algeria.....................................72.0
Benin.......................................73.3
Colombia.................................78.7
Bolivia .....................................80.0
Tajikistan .................................85.9
Mauritania ...............................86.1
Argentina ..............................108.1
Burundi .................................278.6
Gambia, The .........................292.4
Barbados ...................................n/a
Libya..........................................n/a
Malta .........................................n/a
6.06
RANK
1
1
3
3
3
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
23
23
23
23
23
23
23
23
23
23
23
34
34
34
34
34
34
34
34
34
34
34
34
34
34
34
34
34
34
34
34
34
34
34
57
57
57
57
57
57
57
57
57
57
57
57
57
57
SCORE
RANK
Canada .........................................1
New Zealand................................1
Australia .......................................2
Madagascar .................................2
Rwanda........................................2
Belgium........................................3
Finland .........................................3
Georgia ........................................3
Hong Kong SAR...........................3
Kyrgyz Republic ...........................3
Singapore.....................................3
Slovenia .......................................3
Sweden........................................3
Bulgaria ........................................4
Burkina Faso ................................4
Denmark ......................................4
Hungary .......................................4
Ireland ..........................................4
Macedonia, FYR ..........................4
Saudi Arabia .................................4
Senegal ........................................4
Sri Lanka ......................................4
Albania .........................................5
Estonia .........................................5
Ethiopia ........................................5
France ..........................................5
Iceland .........................................5
Israel ............................................5
Latvia ...........................................5
Lebanon .......................................5
Mauritius......................................5
Norway ........................................5
Oman ...........................................5
Armenia .......................................6
Azerbaijan ....................................6
Cyprus..........................................6
Egypt............................................6
Italy ..............................................6
Jamaica........................................6
Luxembourg.................................6
Morocco.......................................6
Netherlands .................................6
Nicaragua .....................................6
Panama ........................................6
Poland ..........................................6
Portugal........................................6
Qatar ............................................6
Romania.......................................6
Slovak Republic ...........................6
South Africa .................................6
Switzerland ..................................6
Taiwan, China...............................6
Turkey ..........................................6
United Kingdom ...........................6
United States ...............................6
Zambia .........................................6
Bahrain.........................................7
Bangladesh ..................................7
Benin............................................7
Croatia..........................................7
Iran, Islamic Rep. .........................7
Kazakhstan...................................7
Lesotho........................................7
Lithuania ......................................7
Mali ..............................................7
Mongolia ......................................7
Nepal............................................7
Paraguay ......................................7
Puerto Rico ..................................7
Serbia...........................................7
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
57
57
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
88
88
88
88
88
88
88
88
88
88
88
99
99
99
99
99
99
99
99
99
99
99
110
110
110
110
114
114
114
114
114
114
114
121
121
121
121
121
126
126
128
128
128
128
132
132
134
134
136
n/a
n/a
n/a
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Syria .............................................7
Thailand........................................7
Angola..........................................8
Austria..........................................8
Czech Republic ............................8
Dominican Republic .....................8
El Salvador ...................................8
Gambia, The ................................8
Ghana...........................................8
Guyana.........................................8
Japan ...........................................8
Jordan ..........................................8
Korea, Rep. ..................................8
Mexico .........................................8
Moldova .......................................8
Nigeria..........................................8
United Arab Emirates ..................8
Cambodia.....................................9
Cape Verde ..................................9
Chile.............................................9
Colombia......................................9
Germany ......................................9
Indonesia .....................................9
Malaysia.......................................9
Mauritania ....................................9
Peru .............................................9
Russian Federation ......................9
Trinidad and Tobago .....................9
Botswana...................................10
Cte dIvoire ..............................10
Malawi .......................................10
Mozambique ..............................10
Namibia......................................10
Pakistan .....................................10
Spain ..........................................10
Timor-Leste ................................10
Tunisia ........................................10
Ukraine.......................................10
Zimbabwe ..................................10
Burundi ......................................11
Guatemala..................................11
Uruguay .....................................11
Vietnam......................................11
Bosnia and Herzegovina ............12
Cameroon ..................................12
Costa Rica..................................12
Kenya .........................................12
Montenegro ...............................12
Tajikistan ....................................12
Tanzania .....................................12
Ecuador......................................13
Honduras ...................................13
India ...........................................13
Kuwait........................................13
Swaziland...................................13
Algeria........................................14
China..........................................14
Argentina ...................................15
Bolivia ........................................15
Greece .......................................15
Philippines..................................15
Brazil ..........................................16
Venezuela...................................16
Brunei Darussalam ....................18
Uganda.......................................18
Chad...........................................19
Barbados ...................................n/a
Libya..........................................n/a
Malta .........................................n/a
433
434
6.07
RANK
1
2
3
3
3
6
6
6
9
9
9
9
13
13
13
13
13
13
13
13
21
21
21
21
21
21
27
27
27
30
30
30
30
34
34
34
34
34
39
39
39
42
42
42
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
52
52
52
52
56
56
56
56
56
61
61
63
63
65
65
65
68
68
68
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
New Zealand................................1
Australia .......................................2
Georgia ........................................3
Rwanda........................................3
Singapore.....................................3
Belgium........................................4
Hungary .......................................4
Macedonia, FYR ..........................4
Albania .........................................5
Canada .........................................5
Iceland .........................................5
Saudi Arabia .................................5
Denmark ......................................6
Hong Kong SAR...........................6
Mauritius......................................6
Portugal........................................6
Qatar ............................................6
Slovenia .......................................6
Turkey ..........................................6
United States ...............................6
Egypt............................................7
Estonia .........................................7
France ..........................................7
Madagascar .................................7
Norway ........................................7
Puerto Rico ..................................7
Cyprus..........................................8
Jamaica........................................8
Senegal ........................................8
Bahrain.........................................9
Ethiopia ........................................9
Iran, Islamic Rep. .........................9
Lebanon .......................................9
Azerbaijan ..................................10
Italy ............................................10
Moldova .....................................10
Netherlands ...............................10
Romania.....................................10
Kyrgyz Republic .........................11
Malaysia.....................................11
Tunisia ........................................11
Morocco.....................................12
Oman .........................................12
Panama ......................................12
Ireland ........................................13
Jordan ........................................13
Mexico .......................................13
Mongolia ....................................13
Montenegro ...............................13
Serbia.........................................13
United Kingdom .........................13
Burkina Faso ..............................14
Finland .......................................14
Honduras ...................................14
Korea, Rep. ................................14
Armenia .....................................15
Czech Republic ..........................15
Mali ............................................15
Sweden......................................15
United Arab Emirates ................15
Latvia .........................................16
Slovak Republic .........................16
El Salvador .................................17
Syria ...........................................17
Bulgaria ......................................18
Germany ....................................18
Zambia .......................................18
Dominican Republic ...................19
Greece .......................................19
Mauritania ..................................19
RANK
71
71
71
71
75
75
77
77
79
79
79
82
82
84
84
86
86
86
86
90
91
91
93
93
95
95
95
98
98
98
101
102
102
102
102
106
106
108
109
110
110
112
112
114
115
116
117
118
118
120
121
121
121
124
124
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
n/a
n/a
n/a
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Colombia....................................20
Kazakhstan.................................20
Pakistan .....................................20
Switzerland ................................20
Croatia........................................22
South Africa ...............................22
Japan .........................................23
Taiwan, China.............................23
Algeria........................................24
Cape Verde ................................24
Luxembourg...............................24
Tajikistan ....................................25
Uganda.......................................25
Lithuania ....................................26
Mozambique ..............................26
Argentina ...................................27
Chile...........................................27
Gambia, The ..............................27
Ukraine.......................................27
Austria........................................28
Guatemala..................................29
Tanzania .....................................29
India ...........................................30
Russian Federation ....................30
Benin..........................................31
Nepal..........................................31
Nigeria........................................31
Burundi ......................................32
Poland ........................................32
Thailand......................................32
Ghana.........................................33
Cameroon ..................................34
Guyana.......................................34
Israel ..........................................34
Kenya .........................................34
Kuwait........................................35
Paraguay ....................................35
China..........................................37
Sri Lanka ....................................38
Malawi .......................................39
Nicaragua ...................................39
Cte dIvoire ..............................40
Lesotho......................................40
Peru ...........................................41
Trinidad and Tobago ...................43
Bangladesh ................................44
Spain ..........................................47
Bolivia ........................................50
Vietnam......................................50
Philippines..................................52
Bosnia and Herzegovina ............60
Costa Rica..................................60
Indonesia ...................................60
Botswana...................................61
Swaziland...................................61
Ecuador......................................64
Uruguay .....................................65
Namibia......................................66
Angola........................................68
Chad...........................................75
Timor-Leste ................................83
Cambodia...................................85
Zimbabwe ..................................96
Brunei Darussalam ..................116
Brazil ........................................120
Venezuela.................................141
Barbados ...................................n/a
Libya..........................................n/a
Malta .........................................n/a
6.08
How would you assess the agricultural policy in your country? [1 = excessively burdensome for the economy; 7 = balances the interests of
taxpayers, consumers, and producers] | 200910 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 3.9
RANK
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Ghana ....................................3.8
Burkina Faso..........................3.8
Lebanon.................................3.8
Libya ......................................3.8
Uganda ..................................3.8
Cte dIvoire ..........................3.8
Oman.....................................3.7
Mali........................................3.7
Poland....................................3.7
Kenya.....................................3.7
India.......................................3.7
Paraguay................................3.7
Tajikistan ................................3.7
Egypt .....................................3.7
Germany................................3.7
Nicaragua...............................3.7
Madagascar ...........................3.7
Panama..................................3.7
Colombia ...............................3.6
Albania...................................3.6
Lithuania ................................3.6
Hungary .................................3.6
Benin .....................................3.6
Thailand .................................3.6
Philippines .............................3.6
Chad ......................................3.6
Puerto Rico............................3.6
Bolivia ....................................3.6
Finland ...................................3.6
Latvia .....................................3.5
Mongolia................................3.5
Dominican Republic...............3.5
Serbia ....................................3.5
Timor-Leste............................3.5
Spain......................................3.5
Pakistan .................................3.5
Iceland ...................................3.5
Morocco ................................3.5
Mozambique..........................3.5
Tanzania .................................3.5
Burundi ..................................3.5
Norway ..................................3.5
Switzerland ............................3.5
Georgia ..................................3.5
Ecuador .................................3.4
Portugal .................................3.4
Korea, Rep.............................3.4
Senegal..................................3.4
Algeria ...................................3.4
Trinidad and Tobago...............3.3
Russian Federation................3.3
Nepal .....................................3.3
Bosnia and Herzegovina........3.3
Slovak Republic .....................3.3
Kyrgyz Republic .....................3.2
Mexico...................................3.2
Nigeria ...................................3.2
Lesotho .................................3.2
Mauritania..............................3.2
Romania ................................3.2
Greece...................................3.1
Moldova.................................3.0
Japan .....................................3.0
Croatia ...................................3.0
Ukraine ..................................2.8
Argentina ...............................2.8
Bulgaria..................................2.6
Venezuela ..............................2.4
Zimbabwe..............................2.2
MEAN: 3.9
435
436
6.09
In your country, to what extent do tariff and non-tariff barriers limit the ability of imported goods to compete in the domestic market? [1 = strongly
limit; 7 = do not limit] | 200910 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.6
Qatar......................................6.4
Hong Kong SAR ....................6.3
New Zealand .........................6.3
Chile ......................................6.3
Singapore ..............................6.2
Sweden .................................6.2
Luxembourg ..........................6.1
Finland ...................................5.9
Belgium .................................5.9
United Arab Emirates ............5.9
Bahrain ..................................5.8
Czech Republic......................5.7
Portugal .................................5.6
Estonia...................................5.6
Hungary .................................5.6
Ireland....................................5.6
Austria ...................................5.5
Israel ......................................5.5
Slovak Republic .....................5.5
Malta .....................................5.5
United Kingdom.....................5.4
Netherlands ...........................5.4
Saudi Arabia...........................5.3
Australia.................................5.3
Cyprus ...................................5.3
Greece...................................5.2
France....................................5.2
Oman.....................................5.2
Latvia .....................................5.2
Slovenia .................................5.1
Denmark ................................5.1
Cameroon..............................5.0
Georgia ..................................5.0
Peru .......................................5.0
Spain......................................5.0
Germany ................................5.0
Montenegro...........................5.0
Kuwait ...................................5.0
Mauritius ...............................5.0
Ghana ....................................4.9
Italy ........................................4.9
Romania ................................4.9
Trinidad and Tobago...............4.9
Burkina Faso..........................4.9
Canada...................................4.9
Brunei Darussalam ................4.8
Poland....................................4.8
Zambia...................................4.8
Albania...................................4.8
Gambia, The ..........................4.8
El Salvador.............................4.8
Puerto Rico............................4.8
Botswana ..............................4.8
Panama..................................4.8
Mexico...................................4.8
Algeria ...................................4.7
Tunisia....................................4.7
Indonesia ...............................4.7
Taiwan, China ........................4.7
Uruguay .................................4.7
South Africa...........................4.7
Jamaica .................................4.7
Lebanon.................................4.7
Lithuania ................................4.7
Turkey ....................................4.6
Croatia ...................................4.6
United States.........................4.6
Guatemala .............................4.6
China .....................................4.6
Thailand .................................4.6
RANK
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.6
6.10
Trade tariffs
RANK
1
2
3
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
SCORE
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
1 2006
2 2007
3 2008
437
438
6.11
How prevalent is foreign ownership of companies in your country? [1 = very rare; 7 = highly prevalent] | 200910 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.7
RANK
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Mozambique..........................4.7
Mauritius ...............................4.7
Rwanda .................................4.6
Morocco ................................4.6
Portugal .................................4.6
Brazil ......................................4.6
Timor-Leste............................4.6
Cyprus ...................................4.6
Greece...................................4.6
Sri Lanka................................4.6
India.......................................4.6
Swaziland ..............................4.6
Angola ...................................4.6
Saudi Arabia...........................4.6
Brunei Darussalam ................4.5
Turkey ....................................4.5
Oman.....................................4.5
Nigeria ...................................4.5
Georgia ..................................4.5
Benin .....................................4.5
Cambodia ..............................4.5
Colombia ...............................4.5
Azerbaijan ..............................4.5
Nicaragua...............................4.5
Tanzania .................................4.5
Bosnia and Herzegovina........4.5
Japan .....................................4.5
Lebanon.................................4.5
Lithuania ................................4.5
Egypt .....................................4.5
Burkina Faso..........................4.4
Bulgaria..................................4.4
China .....................................4.4
Philippines .............................4.4
Paraguay................................4.3
Korea, Rep.............................4.3
Serbia ....................................4.2
Zimbabwe..............................4.2
Pakistan .................................4.1
Croatia ...................................4.1
Armenia .................................4.1
Italy........................................4.1
Kazakhstan ............................4.1
Vietnam .................................4.1
Madagascar ...........................4.0
Slovenia .................................4.0
Venezuela ..............................3.9
Bangladesh............................3.9
Ecuador .................................3.9
Moldova.................................3.9
Ukraine ..................................3.8
Guyana ..................................3.8
Algeria ...................................3.8
Macedonia, FYR ....................3.7
Ethiopia..................................3.6
Russian Federation................3.6
Kyrgyz Republic .....................3.6
Tajikistan ................................3.4
Mali........................................3.4
Libya ......................................3.3
Bolivia ....................................3.3
Iceland ...................................3.2
Mauritania..............................3.1
Chad ......................................3.1
Nepal .....................................3.0
Kuwait ...................................3.0
Syria.......................................2.9
Burundi ..................................2.9
Iran, Islamic Rep....................2.4
MEAN: 4.7
6.12
To what extent do rules governing foreign direct investment (FDI) encourage or discourage it? [1 = strongly discourage FDI; 7 = strongly
encourage FDI] | 200910 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.6
Singapore ..............................6.5
Ireland....................................6.4
Hong Kong SAR ....................6.2
Luxembourg ..........................6.0
Bahrain ..................................5.9
Tunisia....................................5.8
Malta .....................................5.7
Mauritius ...............................5.7
Uruguay .................................5.6
Qatar......................................5.6
Panama..................................5.6
Chile ......................................5.6
Slovak Republic .....................5.5
United Kingdom.....................5.5
Sweden .................................5.5
United Arab Emirates ............5.5
Peru .......................................5.4
China .....................................5.4
Rwanda .................................5.4
Taiwan, China ........................5.4
Montenegro...........................5.4
Czech Republic......................5.4
Estonia...................................5.3
Gambia, The ..........................5.3
Botswana ..............................5.3
Switzerland ............................5.3
Uganda ..................................5.3
Puerto Rico............................5.3
Vietnam .................................5.3
Zambia...................................5.2
Malaysia ................................5.2
Belgium .................................5.2
Cyprus ...................................5.2
Bangladesh............................5.2
Saudi Arabia...........................5.1
Costa Rica .............................5.1
Cambodia ..............................5.1
Netherlands ...........................5.1
Thailand .................................5.1
Barbados ...............................5.1
Finland ...................................5.1
Namibia .................................5.1
Sri Lanka................................5.1
Georgia ..................................5.0
Jordan....................................5.0
India.......................................5.0
Austria ...................................5.0
Canada...................................5.0
Indonesia ...............................5.0
Portugal .................................5.0
Jamaica .................................4.9
Trinidad and Tobago...............4.9
Albania...................................4.9
Oman.....................................4.9
New Zealand .........................4.9
Ghana ....................................4.9
Australia.................................4.9
Turkey ....................................4.9
Dominican Republic...............4.9
Hungary .................................4.9
Lebanon.................................4.9
France....................................4.8
Germany................................4.8
Mexico...................................4.8
Israel......................................4.8
El Salvador.............................4.8
Cte dIvoire ..........................4.8
Burkina Faso..........................4.8
Mozambique..........................4.7
Brunei Darussalam ................4.7
RANK
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
South Africa...........................4.7
Cape Verde ............................4.7
Pakistan .................................4.7
Morocco ................................4.7
Egypt .....................................4.6
Spain......................................4.6
United States.........................4.6
Denmark................................4.6
Ethiopia..................................4.6
Lesotho .................................4.6
Brazil ......................................4.6
Azerbaijan ..............................4.5
Norway ..................................4.5
Kenya.....................................4.5
Guyana ..................................4.5
Nigeria ...................................4.5
Malawi ...................................4.5
Colombia ...............................4.5
Tanzania .................................4.5
Romania ................................4.5
Japan .....................................4.4
Senegal..................................4.4
Benin .....................................4.4
Poland....................................4.4
Guatemala .............................4.4
Honduras ...............................4.3
Korea, Rep.............................4.3
Philippines .............................4.3
Swaziland ..............................4.3
Moldova.................................4.2
Kazakhstan ............................4.2
Armenia .................................4.2
Latvia .....................................4.2
Timor-Leste............................4.2
Mongolia................................4.1
Nicaragua...............................4.1
Tajikistan ................................4.1
Cameroon..............................4.1
Mauritania..............................4.1
Nepal .....................................4.0
Madagascar ...........................3.9
Mali........................................3.9
Bosnia and Herzegovina........3.9
Syria.......................................3.9
Macedonia, FYR ....................3.8
Slovenia .................................3.8
Burundi ..................................3.8
Italy........................................3.8
Paraguay................................3.8
Angola ...................................3.8
Libya ......................................3.8
Greece...................................3.7
Serbia ....................................3.7
Lithuania ................................3.7
Algeria ...................................3.7
Bulgaria..................................3.7
Russian Federation................3.6
Ukraine ..................................3.5
Iran, Islamic Rep....................3.5
Kuwait ...................................3.4
Croatia ...................................3.3
Chad ......................................3.3
Iceland ...................................3.3
Argentina ...............................3.2
Kyrgyz Republic .....................3.2
Zimbabwe..............................2.8
Bolivia ....................................2.8
Ecuador .................................2.5
Venezuela ..............................2.2
MEAN: 4.6
439
440
6.13
How would you rate the level of efficiency of customs procedures (related to the entry and exit of merchandise) in your country? [1 = extremely
inefficient; 7 = extremely efficient] | 200910 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.2
RANK
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Zambia...................................4.2
Benin .....................................4.2
Latvia .....................................4.1
Thailand .................................4.1
Croatia ...................................4.1
Colombia ...............................4.1
Uganda ..................................4.1
Greece...................................4.1
Mali........................................4.1
Kuwait ...................................4.1
India.......................................4.0
Albania...................................4.0
Uruguay .................................4.0
Costa Rica .............................4.0
Romania ................................3.9
Malawi ...................................3.9
Mexico...................................3.9
Madagascar ...........................3.9
Indonesia ...............................3.9
Cameroon..............................3.8
Paraguay................................3.8
Lesotho .................................3.8
Jamaica .................................3.8
Cte dIvoire ..........................3.8
Ghana ....................................3.8
Turkey ....................................3.8
Mozambique..........................3.7
Pakistan .................................3.6
Zimbabwe..............................3.6
Ethiopia..................................3.6
Serbia ....................................3.6
Nicaragua...............................3.6
Timor-Leste............................3.6
Tajikistan ................................3.6
Bosnia and Herzegovina........3.6
Vietnam .................................3.6
Kazakhstan ............................3.5
Azerbaijan ..............................3.5
Libya ......................................3.5
Lebanon.................................3.5
Ecuador .................................3.5
Bulgaria..................................3.5
Swaziland ..............................3.5
Iran, Islamic Rep....................3.5
Cambodia ..............................3.5
Tanzania .................................3.4
Nepal .....................................3.4
Moldova.................................3.4
Bangladesh............................3.4
Kenya.....................................3.3
Guyana ..................................3.3
Brazil ......................................3.3
Mongolia................................3.3
Algeria ...................................3.2
Trinidad and Tobago...............3.1
Nigeria ...................................3.1
Cape Verde ............................3.1
Kyrgyz Republic .....................3.0
Philippines .............................3.0
Burundi ..................................3.0
Ukraine ..................................3.0
Russian Federation................2.9
Angola ...................................2.8
Syria.......................................2.8
Argentina ...............................2.7
Bolivia ....................................2.7
Chad ......................................2.7
Armenia .................................2.6
Venezuela ..............................2.2
MEAN: 4.2
6.14
How well do companies in your country treat customers? [1 = generally treat their customers badly; 7 = are highly responsive to customers and
customer retention] | 200910 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.6
Japan .....................................6.4
Austria ...................................6.0
Switzerland ............................6.0
Sweden .................................5.8
Iceland ...................................5.7
Hong Kong SAR ....................5.7
Denmark................................5.7
Taiwan, China ........................5.6
New Zealand .........................5.6
Belgium .................................5.6
Germany................................5.6
Qatar......................................5.6
Canada...................................5.5
Luxembourg ..........................5.5
Colombia ...............................5.5
United Arab Emirates ............5.5
Norway ..................................5.4
Singapore ..............................5.4
Ireland....................................5.4
Australia.................................5.4
Korea, Rep.............................5.4
United States.........................5.3
Malaysia ................................5.3
Thailand .................................5.3
Finland ...................................5.3
Cyprus ...................................5.3
Bahrain ..................................5.3
Netherlands ...........................5.2
Oman.....................................5.2
Sri Lanka................................5.2
Saudi Arabia...........................5.2
El Salvador.............................5.1
Turkey ....................................5.1
Lithuania ................................5.1
France....................................5.1
Tunisia....................................5.1
Guatemala .............................5.1
Mauritius ...............................5.1
Costa Rica .............................5.1
Estonia...................................5.0
Israel......................................5.0
Philippines .............................5.0
Lebanon.................................5.0
United Kingdom.....................5.0
Gambia, The ..........................5.0
Slovenia .................................4.9
Peru .......................................4.9
Kenya.....................................4.9
Puerto Rico............................4.9
Brazil ......................................4.9
Chile ......................................4.9
Senegal..................................4.9
Poland....................................4.8
Kuwait ...................................4.8
Italy........................................4.8
Portugal .................................4.8
Morocco ................................4.8
Brunei Darussalam ................4.8
Czech Republic......................4.8
Indonesia ...............................4.8
Malawi ...................................4.8
Albania...................................4.7
Egypt .....................................4.7
India.......................................4.7
Jordan....................................4.6
Spain......................................4.6
Uruguay .................................4.6
Mexico...................................4.6
Cambodia ..............................4.5
China .....................................4.5
RANK
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Malta .....................................4.5
Greece...................................4.5
Latvia .....................................4.5
Macedonia, FYR ....................4.5
South Africa...........................4.5
Vietnam .................................4.4
Guyana ..................................4.4
Zambia...................................4.4
Panama..................................4.4
Cte dIvoire ..........................4.4
Slovak Republic .....................4.4
Bangladesh............................4.4
Madagascar ...........................4.4
Montenegro...........................4.3
Lesotho .................................4.3
Nigeria ...................................4.3
Dominican Republic...............4.3
Cameroon..............................4.3
Bulgaria..................................4.3
Uganda ..................................4.3
Nepal .....................................4.3
Hungary .................................4.3
Honduras ...............................4.3
Tanzania .................................4.3
Swaziland ..............................4.3
Paraguay................................4.2
Pakistan .................................4.2
Romania ................................4.2
Croatia ...................................4.2
Ethiopia..................................4.2
Barbados ...............................4.2
Azerbaijan ..............................4.2
Ukraine ..................................4.2
Syria.......................................4.2
Kazakhstan ............................4.1
Benin .....................................4.1
Bosnia and Herzegovina........4.1
Algeria ...................................4.0
Mali........................................4.0
Mozambique..........................4.0
Ghana ....................................4.0
Botswana ..............................4.0
Burkina Faso..........................3.9
Iran, Islamic Rep....................3.9
Namibia .................................3.9
Rwanda .................................3.9
Jamaica .................................3.9
Argentina ...............................3.8
Serbia ....................................3.8
Moldova.................................3.8
Mauritania..............................3.8
Timor-Leste............................3.8
Mongolia................................3.8
Zimbabwe..............................3.7
Nicaragua...............................3.7
Tajikistan ................................3.7
Georgia ..................................3.7
Trinidad and Tobago...............3.7
Ecuador .................................3.7
Bolivia ....................................3.6
Libya ......................................3.6
Russian Federation................3.5
Kyrgyz Republic .....................3.5
Armenia .................................3.5
Burundi ..................................3.4
Cape Verde ............................3.4
Chad ......................................3.4
Venezuela ..............................3.2
Angola ...................................2.9
MEAN: 4.6
441
442
6.15
Buyer sophistication
In your country, how do buyers make purchasing decisions? [1 = based solely on the lowest price; 7 = based on a sophisticated analysis of
performance attributes] | 200910 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 3.5
Japan .....................................5.2
Switzerland ............................5.2
Sweden .................................5.0
Luxembourg ..........................4.9
Taiwan, China ........................4.7
Canada...................................4.7
China .....................................4.6
United Kingdom.....................4.6
Netherlands ...........................4.6
Singapore ..............................4.6
Korea, Rep.............................4.6
Norway ..................................4.5
United States.........................4.5
Hong Kong SAR ....................4.4
Belgium .................................4.4
Australia.................................4.4
Finland ...................................4.4
Germany ................................4.4
Cyprus ...................................4.3
Saudi Arabia...........................4.3
Denmark ................................4.3
United Arab Emirates ............4.3
Ireland....................................4.2
Malaysia ................................4.1
Austria ...................................4.1
France....................................4.1
Chile ......................................4.1
Lebanon.................................4.1
South Africa...........................4.1
Puerto Rico............................4.0
New Zealand .........................4.0
Sri Lanka................................4.0
Bahrain ..................................4.0
Italy ........................................4.0
Indonesia ...............................3.9
Czech Republic......................3.9
Barbados ...............................3.9
Iceland ...................................3.9
Qatar......................................3.9
Tunisia....................................3.8
Azerbaijan ..............................3.8
Oman.....................................3.8
India.......................................3.8
Costa Rica .............................3.8
Vietnam .................................3.8
Thailand .................................3.8
Spain......................................3.8
Panama..................................3.8
Kazakhstan ............................3.7
Russian Federation................3.7
Poland....................................3.6
Brazil ......................................3.6
Cambodia ..............................3.6
Trinidad and Tobago...............3.6
Romania ................................3.6
Portugal .................................3.6
Montenegro...........................3.6
Greece...................................3.6
Malta .....................................3.6
Philippines .............................3.5
Namibia .................................3.5
Pakistan .................................3.5
Slovenia .................................3.5
Iran, Islamic Rep....................3.5
Peru .......................................3.5
Argentina ...............................3.5
Guatemala .............................3.5
Mauritius ...............................3.5
Jamaica .................................3.4
Botswana ..............................3.4
RANK
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Colombia ...............................3.4
Kuwait ...................................3.4
El Salvador.............................3.4
Israel......................................3.4
Armenia .................................3.4
Uruguay .................................3.3
Honduras ...............................3.3
Estonia...................................3.3
Mexico...................................3.3
Nigeria ...................................3.3
Kyrgyz Republic .....................3.2
Venezuela ..............................3.2
Ukraine ..................................3.2
Bulgaria..................................3.2
Jordan....................................3.2
Latvia .....................................3.2
Georgia ..................................3.2
Kenya.....................................3.2
Gambia, The ..........................3.1
Benin .....................................3.1
Ghana ....................................3.1
Ecuador .................................3.1
Slovak Republic .....................3.1
Moldova.................................3.1
Morocco ................................3.1
Nicaragua...............................3.1
Brunei Darussalam ................3.1
Albania...................................3.1
Dominican Republic...............3.0
Cape Verde ............................3.0
Hungary .................................3.0
Ethiopia..................................3.0
Zimbabwe..............................3.0
Tajikistan ................................3.0
Lithuania ................................3.0
Bangladesh............................3.0
Zambia...................................2.9
Algeria ...................................2.9
Paraguay................................2.9
Macedonia, FYR ....................2.9
Mozambique..........................2.9
Tanzania .................................2.9
Croatia ...................................2.9
Turkey ....................................2.9
Swaziland ..............................2.8
Mongolia................................2.8
Bosnia and Herzegovina........2.8
Timor-Leste............................2.7
Angola ...................................2.7
Guyana ..................................2.7
Libya ......................................2.7
Lesotho .................................2.7
Nepal .....................................2.7
Malawi ...................................2.6
Rwanda .................................2.6
Egypt .....................................2.6
Syria.......................................2.5
Bolivia ....................................2.5
Uganda ..................................2.4
Mauritania..............................2.4
Serbia ....................................2.4
Senegal..................................2.3
Cameroon..............................2.3
Madagascar ...........................2.3
Mali........................................2.2
Cte dIvoire ..........................2.1
Chad ......................................2.0
Burundi ..................................1.9
Burkina Faso..........................1.8
MEAN: 3.5
Data Tables
Section VII
Labor market efficiency
443
444
7.01
How would you characterize labor-employer relations in your country? [1 = generally confrontational; 7 = generally cooperative] | 200910
weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.4
Singapore ..............................6.2
Switzerland ............................6.2
Norway ..................................5.9
Iceland ...................................5.9
Sweden .................................5.9
Hong Kong SAR ....................5.7
Japan .....................................5.7
Denmark ................................5.7
Netherlands ...........................5.7
Austria ...................................5.6
Luxembourg ..........................5.6
Costa Rica .............................5.6
New Zealand .........................5.5
Brunei Darussalam ................5.3
Finland ...................................5.3
Malaysia ................................5.3
United Arab Emirates ............5.3
Germany ................................5.3
Taiwan, China ........................5.2
Qatar......................................5.2
Cyprus ...................................5.2
Rwanda .................................5.1
Oman.....................................5.1
Israel ......................................5.1
Barbados ...............................5.0
United Kingdom.....................5.0
Gambia, The ..........................5.0
Canada...................................5.0
El Salvador.............................5.0
Saudi Arabia...........................4.9
Guatemala .............................4.9
Tunisia....................................4.9
United States.........................4.9
Thailand .................................4.9
Ireland....................................4.9
Mauritius ...............................4.8
Estonia...................................4.8
Vietnam .................................4.7
Chile ......................................4.7
Malta .....................................4.7
Dominican Republic...............4.7
Albania...................................4.7
Australia.................................4.7
Benin .....................................4.6
Kuwait ...................................4.6
Colombia ...............................4.6
Indonesia ...............................4.6
Botswana ..............................4.6
India.......................................4.6
Czech Republic......................4.5
Slovak Republic .....................4.5
Peru .......................................4.5
Armenia .................................4.5
Puerto Rico............................4.5
Azerbaijan ..............................4.5
Philippines .............................4.5
Bahrain ..................................4.5
China .....................................4.5
Panama..................................4.5
Uganda ..................................4.4
Ghana ....................................4.4
Lebanon.................................4.4
Malawi ...................................4.4
Sri Lanka................................4.4
Belgium .................................4.4
Nicaragua...............................4.4
Lithuania ................................4.4
Swaziland ..............................4.4
Cte dIvoire ..........................4.3
Latvia .....................................4.3
RANK
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Zambia...................................4.3
Honduras ...............................4.3
Hungary .................................4.3
Mexico...................................4.3
Guyana ..................................4.2
Madagascar ...........................4.2
Georgia ..................................4.2
Angola ...................................4.2
Zimbabwe..............................4.2
Cambodia ..............................4.2
Montenegro...........................4.2
Macedonia, FYR ....................4.2
Kenya.....................................4.2
Jordan....................................4.1
Kazakhstan ............................4.1
Bangladesh............................4.1
Kyrgyz Republic .....................4.1
Poland....................................4.1
Mongolia................................4.1
Brazil ......................................4.1
Slovenia .................................4.1
Cape Verde ............................4.1
Algeria ...................................4.1
Syria.......................................4.1
Tajikistan ................................4.1
Portugal .................................4.0
Senegal..................................4.0
Cameroon..............................4.0
Egypt .....................................4.0
Tanzania .................................4.0
Timor-Leste............................4.0
Lesotho .................................4.0
Spain......................................4.0
Pakistan .................................4.0
Ethiopia..................................4.0
Moldova.................................4.0
Paraguay................................4.0
Namibia .................................3.9
Bosnia and Herzegovina........3.9
Ukraine ..................................3.9
Mali........................................3.9
Nigeria ...................................3.9
Bulgaria..................................3.9
Mozambique..........................3.8
Jamaica .................................3.8
Russian Federation................3.8
Libya ......................................3.8
Iran, Islamic Rep....................3.8
Turkey ....................................3.8
Morocco ................................3.7
Italy........................................3.7
Ecuador .................................3.7
Bolivia ....................................3.7
Burkina Faso..........................3.7
Burundi ..................................3.6
Trinidad and Tobago...............3.6
Greece...................................3.6
Romania ................................3.6
France....................................3.5
Mauritania..............................3.5
Uruguay .................................3.5
South Africa...........................3.5
Chad ......................................3.5
Argentina ...............................3.4
Serbia ....................................3.4
Croatia ...................................3.3
Nepal .....................................3.1
Korea, Rep.............................3.0
Venezuela ..............................3.0
MEAN: 4.4
7.02
How are wages generally set in your country? [1 = by a centralized bargaining process; 7 = up to each individual company] | 200910 weighted
average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.9
RANK
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Morocco ................................5.1
Sri Lanka................................5.1
Guyana ..................................5.1
Cameroon..............................5.0
Chad ......................................5.0
Croatia ...................................5.0
Montenegro...........................5.0
Russian Federation................5.0
Timor-Leste............................5.0
Costa Rica .............................5.0
Kenya.....................................5.0
Romania ................................5.0
Namibia .................................5.0
Paraguay................................4.9
Nicaragua...............................4.9
Malta .....................................4.9
Cambodia ..............................4.9
Panama..................................4.8
Angola ...................................4.8
Thailand .................................4.8
Zambia...................................4.7
Mexico...................................4.7
Burkina Faso..........................4.7
Botswana ..............................4.7
Bolivia ....................................4.7
Philippines .............................4.6
Cyprus ...................................4.6
Indonesia ...............................4.6
Mauritius ...............................4.6
Iceland ...................................4.6
Senegal..................................4.6
Mali........................................4.6
Barbados ...............................4.5
Pakistan .................................4.5
Algeria ...................................4.5
Trinidad and Tobago...............4.5
Denmark................................4.5
Honduras ...............................4.5
Lesotho .................................4.5
Australia.................................4.4
Nepal .....................................4.4
Luxembourg ..........................4.3
Swaziland ..............................4.3
Ecuador .................................4.3
Tunisia....................................4.3
Brazil ......................................4.3
Slovenia .................................4.2
Ghana ....................................4.2
Portugal .................................4.2
Mozambique..........................4.1
Tanzania .................................4.1
Venezuela ..............................3.9
Libya ......................................3.7
Spain......................................3.7
Norway ..................................3.6
Belgium .................................3.6
Iran, Islamic Rep....................3.5
Ireland....................................3.4
Netherlands ...........................3.4
Italy........................................3.3
South Africa...........................3.1
Finland ...................................3.1
Greece...................................3.1
Sweden .................................3.1
Argentina ...............................3.0
Germany................................2.9
Zimbabwe..............................2.8
Uruguay .................................2.4
Austria ...................................2.4
MEAN: 4.9
445
446
7.03
Rigidity of employment
RANK
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
8
8
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
18
18
18
18
18
18
18
25
25
27
27
27
27
27
27
33
33
33
36
37
37
37
37
37
42
42
42
42
46
46
48
48
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
58
58
60
60
60
60
64
64
64
67
67
67
67
SCORE
RANK
Australia .......................................0
Brunei Darussalam ......................0
Hong Kong SAR...........................0
Kuwait..........................................0
Singapore.....................................0
Uganda.........................................0
United States ...............................0
Canada .........................................4
Jamaica........................................4
Denmark ......................................7
Georgia ........................................7
New Zealand................................7
Nigeria..........................................7
Rwanda........................................7
Switzerland ..................................7
Trinidad and Tobago .....................7
United Arab Emirates ..................7
Azerbaijan ..................................10
Bahrain.......................................10
Colombia....................................10
Ireland ........................................10
Malaysia.....................................10
Swaziland...................................10
United Kingdom .........................10
Czech Republic ..........................11
Thailand......................................11
Botswana...................................13
Montenegro ...............................13
Namibia......................................13
Oman .........................................13
Qatar ..........................................13
Saudi Arabia ...............................13
Lesotho......................................14
Macedonia, FYR ........................14
Puerto Rico ................................14
Japan .........................................16
Belgium......................................17
Israel ..........................................17
Kazakhstan.................................17
Kenya .........................................17
Mongolia ....................................17
Chile...........................................18
Kyrgyz Republic .........................18
Mauritius....................................18
Uruguay .....................................18
Bulgaria ......................................19
Guyana.......................................19
Sri Lanka ....................................20
Syria ...........................................20
Argentina ...................................21
Armenia .....................................21
Burkina Faso ..............................21
Dominican Republic ...................21
Iceland .......................................21
Malawi .......................................21
Vietnam......................................21
Zambia .......................................21
Hungary .....................................22
Slovak Republic .........................22
Austria........................................24
Cyprus........................................24
El Salvador .................................24
Jordan ........................................24
Albania .......................................25
Lebanon .....................................25
Poland ........................................25
Egypt..........................................27
Gambia, The ..............................27
Ghana.........................................27
Nicaragua ...................................27
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
71
71
71
71
75
75
77
78
78
78
81
82
82
82
82
86
86
86
89
90
90
90
90
90
90
96
96
96
96
100
100
100
100
104
104
104
104
108
108
110
110
110
113
114
114
114
114
114
119
119
121
121
123
124
125
125
127
127
127
130
131
132
133
133
135
136
n/a
n/a
n/a
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Bangladesh ................................28
Burundi ......................................28
Ethiopia ......................................28
Guatemala..................................28
Iran, Islamic Rep. .......................29
Philippines..................................29
India ...........................................30
China..........................................31
Mali ............................................31
Ukraine.......................................31
Timor-Leste ................................32
Bosnia and Herzegovina ............33
Chad...........................................33
Cte dIvoire ..............................33
Zimbabwe ..................................33
Serbia.........................................35
South Africa ...............................35
Turkey ........................................35
Cambodia...................................36
Ecuador......................................38
Italy ............................................38
Korea, Rep. ................................38
Lithuania ....................................38
Russian Federation ....................38
Sweden......................................38
Cameroon ..................................39
Costa Rica..................................39
Mauritania ..................................39
Peru ...........................................39
Benin..........................................40
Indonesia ...................................40
Mozambique ..............................40
Tunisia ........................................40
Algeria........................................41
Finland .......................................41
Mexico .......................................41
Moldova .....................................41
Germany ....................................42
Netherlands ...............................42
Latvia .........................................43
Pakistan .....................................43
Portugal......................................43
Norway ......................................44
Brazil ..........................................46
Cape Verde ................................46
Nepal..........................................46
Romania.....................................46
Taiwan, China.............................46
Spain ..........................................49
Tajikistan ....................................49
Croatia........................................50
Greece .......................................50
Estonia .......................................51
France ........................................52
Slovenia .....................................54
Tanzania .....................................54
Luxembourg...............................56
Madagascar ...............................56
Paraguay ....................................56
Honduras ...................................57
Senegal ......................................59
Morocco.....................................60
Angola........................................66
Panama ......................................66
Venezuela...................................69
Bolivia ........................................77
Barbados ...................................n/a
Libya..........................................n/a
Malta .........................................n/a
7.04
How would you characterize the hiring and firing of workers in your country? [1 = impeded by regulations; 7 = flexibly determined by employers] |
200910 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 3.9
RANK
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Senegal..................................3.9
Chad ......................................3.9
Finland ...................................3.9
Mauritius ...............................3.9
Russian Federation................3.9
Egypt .....................................3.9
Romania ................................3.8
Algeria ...................................3.8
Australia.................................3.8
Serbia ....................................3.8
Angola ...................................3.8
Barbados ...............................3.8
New Zealand .........................3.8
Ethiopia..................................3.7
Ireland....................................3.7
Burundi ..................................3.7
Dominican Republic...............3.7
Tanzania .................................3.7
India.......................................3.7
Iran, Islamic Rep....................3.6
Honduras ...............................3.5
Jordan....................................3.5
Malta .....................................3.5
Sri Lanka................................3.5
Bahrain ..................................3.5
Swaziland ..............................3.5
Puerto Rico............................3.5
Nepal .....................................3.5
Syria.......................................3.4
Moldova.................................3.4
Timor-Leste............................3.4
Peru .......................................3.4
Paraguay................................3.4
Slovak Republic .....................3.4
Austria ...................................3.4
Croatia ...................................3.3
Lithuania ................................3.3
Poland....................................3.3
Cape Verde ............................3.3
Mozambique..........................3.3
Chile ......................................3.3
Luxembourg ..........................3.2
Netherlands ...........................3.2
Bolivia ....................................3.2
Korea, Rep.............................3.2
Philippines .............................3.2
Panama..................................3.0
Uruguay .................................3.0
Czech Republic......................3.0
Mexico...................................3.0
Japan .....................................3.0
Zimbabwe..............................3.0
Norway ..................................2.9
Namibia .................................2.9
France....................................2.9
Greece...................................2.9
Belgium .................................2.9
Sweden .................................2.9
Italy........................................2.9
Libya ......................................2.8
Brazil ......................................2.8
Slovenia .................................2.7
Germany................................2.7
Argentina ...............................2.7
South Africa...........................2.5
Ecuador .................................2.5
Spain......................................2.4
Portugal .................................2.3
Venezuela ..............................2.2
MEAN: 3.9
447
448
7.05
Redundancy costs
RANK
1
1
1
1
5
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
15
16
16
16
19
20
21
21
21
21
21
21
21
28
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
38
38
40
40
40
40
44
44
44
47
48
48
48
48
48
48
48
55
55
57
58
58
58
61
61
61
61
65
66
67
68
68
70
SCORE
RANK
Denmark ......................................0
New Zealand................................0
Puerto Rico ..................................0
United States ...............................0
Austria..........................................2
Australia .......................................4
Bahrain.........................................4
Brunei Darussalam ......................4
Georgia ........................................4
Japan ...........................................4
Jordan ..........................................4
Mauritius......................................4
Oman ...........................................4
Singapore.....................................4
Romania.......................................8
Bulgaria ........................................9
Kazakhstan...................................9
Mongolia ......................................9
Hong Kong SAR.........................10
Italy ............................................11
Armenia .....................................13
Iceland .......................................13
Norway ......................................13
Poland ........................................13
Switzerland ................................13
Uganda.......................................13
Ukraine.......................................13
Belgium......................................16
Algeria........................................17
Kyrgyz Republic .........................17
Latvia .........................................17
Lebanon .....................................17
Netherlands ...............................17
Peru ...........................................17
Russian Federation ....................17
Timor-Leste ................................17
Tunisia ........................................17
Ireland ........................................18
Tanzania .....................................18
Azerbaijan ..................................22
Czech Republic ..........................22
Nicaragua ...................................22
United Kingdom .........................22
Greece .......................................24
Namibia......................................24
South Africa ...............................24
Serbia.........................................25
Burundi ......................................26
Finland .......................................26
Gambia, The ..............................26
Macedonia, FYR ........................26
Rwanda......................................26
Slovak Republic .........................26
Sweden......................................26
Canada .......................................28
Montenegro ...............................28
Costa Rica..................................29
Lithuania ....................................30
Madagascar ...............................30
Tajikistan ....................................30
Bosnia and Herzegovina ............31
Mali ............................................31
Mauritania ..................................31
Uruguay .....................................31
France ........................................32
Cameroon ..................................33
Burkina Faso ..............................34
Estonia .......................................35
Hungary .....................................35
Benin..........................................36
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
70
72
72
74
75
75
77
78
78
80
81
81
83
84
85
85
87
88
89
89
89
89
93
94
95
96
97
98
98
100
101
102
102
104
104
106
107
108
108
110
111
111
111
114
114
114
114
114
119
120
120
120
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
131
133
134
135
135
n/a
n/a
n/a
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Chad...........................................36
Moldova .....................................37
Slovenia .....................................37
Senegal ......................................38
Cambodia...................................39
Croatia........................................39
Ethiopia ......................................40
Lesotho......................................44
Panama ......................................44
Brazil ..........................................46
Kenya .........................................47
Mexico .......................................47
Cte dIvoire ..............................49
Nigeria........................................50
Chile...........................................52
Luxembourg...............................52
Swaziland...................................53
Thailand......................................54
Albania .......................................56
Guyana.......................................56
India ...........................................56
Spain ..........................................56
Angola........................................58
Colombia....................................59
Jamaica......................................62
Cyprus........................................64
Trinidad and Tobago ...................67
Germany ....................................69
Qatar ..........................................69
Malaysia.....................................75
Kuwait........................................78
Saudi Arabia ...............................80
Syria ...........................................80
Malawi .......................................84
United Arab Emirates ................84
Morocco.....................................85
El Salvador .................................86
Iran, Islamic Rep. .......................87
Vietnam......................................87
Dominican Republic ...................88
Botswana...................................90
Nepal..........................................90
Pakistan .....................................90
China..........................................91
Israel ..........................................91
Korea, Rep. ................................91
Philippines..................................91
Taiwan, China.............................91
Cape Verde ................................93
Argentina ...................................95
Honduras ...................................95
Turkey ........................................95
Portugal......................................97
Paraguay ....................................99
Guatemala................................101
Bangladesh ..............................104
Indonesia .................................108
Egypt........................................132
Mozambique ............................134
Ecuador....................................135
Ghana.......................................178
Zambia .....................................178
Sri Lanka ..................................217
Zimbabwe ................................446
Bolivia .........................not possible
Venezuela ...................not possible
Barbados ...................................n/a
Libya..........................................n/a
Malta .........................................n/a
7.06
To what extent is pay in your country related to productivity? [1 = not related to worker productivity; 7 = strongly related to worker productivity] |
200910 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 3.9
Singapore ..............................5.6
Hong Kong SAR ....................5.5
Taiwan, China ........................5.4
Vietnam .................................5.1
Switzerland ............................5.1
Malaysia ................................5.1
Qatar......................................5.0
Estonia...................................5.0
United States.........................4.9
Slovak Republic .....................4.9
United Arab Emirates ............4.8
Japan .....................................4.8
Brunei Darussalam ................4.8
Saudi Arabia...........................4.8
China .....................................4.7
Albania...................................4.7
Tajikistan ................................4.7
Lithuania ................................4.7
Kazakhstan ............................4.7
Indonesia ...............................4.6
Israel......................................4.6
Czech Republic......................4.6
Bahrain ..................................4.6
Korea, Rep.............................4.5
United Kingdom.....................4.5
Ukraine ..................................4.5
Denmark................................4.5
Iceland ...................................4.5
Thailand .................................4.5
Canada...................................4.4
Oman.....................................4.4
Kyrgyz Republic .....................4.4
Romania ................................4.4
New Zealand .........................4.4
Cambodia ..............................4.4
Gambia, The ..........................4.3
Chile ......................................4.3
Mongolia................................4.3
Azerbaijan ..............................4.3
Sri Lanka................................4.3
Moldova.................................4.3
Latvia .....................................4.3
Germany................................4.3
Luxembourg ..........................4.3
Rwanda .................................4.2
Puerto Rico............................4.2
Russian Federation................4.2
Hungary .................................4.2
Costa Rica .............................4.2
Morocco ................................4.2
Macedonia, FYR ....................4.2
Tunisia....................................4.2
Australia.................................4.2
Poland....................................4.2
France....................................4.2
Ireland....................................4.1
Kuwait ...................................4.1
Bulgaria..................................4.1
Georgia ..................................4.1
Mauritius ...............................4.0
India.......................................4.0
Montenegro...........................4.0
Armenia .................................4.0
Malta .....................................4.0
Norway ..................................4.0
Cyprus ...................................4.0
Kenya.....................................4.0
Angola ...................................3.9
Finland ...................................3.9
Guyana ..................................3.9
RANK
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Turkey ....................................3.9
Slovenia .................................3.9
Botswana ..............................3.9
Netherlands ...........................3.9
Austria ...................................3.9
Egypt .....................................3.9
Jordan....................................3.9
Nigeria ...................................3.9
Lebanon.................................3.8
Guatemala .............................3.8
El Salvador.............................3.8
Philippines .............................3.8
Sweden .................................3.8
Madagascar ...........................3.8
Brazil ......................................3.7
Peru .......................................3.7
Malawi ...................................3.7
Belgium .................................3.7
Timor-Leste............................3.7
Ethiopia..................................3.7
Serbia ....................................3.6
Barbados ...............................3.6
Pakistan .................................3.6
Bangladesh............................3.5
Cte dIvoire ..........................3.5
Croatia ...................................3.5
Nicaragua...............................3.5
Mexico...................................3.5
Dominican Republic...............3.5
Syria.......................................3.5
Senegal..................................3.5
Zambia...................................3.4
Panama..................................3.4
Colombia ...............................3.4
Algeria ...................................3.4
Portugal .................................3.3
Namibia .................................3.3
Cameroon..............................3.3
Spain......................................3.3
Honduras ...............................3.2
Iran, Islamic Rep....................3.2
South Africa...........................3.2
Chad ......................................3.2
Benin .....................................3.1
Trinidad and Tobago...............3.1
Jamaica .................................3.1
Cape Verde ............................3.1
Greece...................................3.1
Ghana ....................................3.1
Zimbabwe..............................3.1
Paraguay................................3.1
Bolivia ....................................3.1
Lesotho .................................3.1
Italy........................................3.1
Nepal .....................................3.0
Mozambique..........................3.0
Tanzania .................................3.0
Burundi ..................................3.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina........3.0
Uganda ..................................3.0
Mali........................................2.9
Swaziland ..............................2.9
Argentina ...............................2.8
Uruguay .................................2.8
Ecuador .................................2.7
Venezuela ..............................2.7
Mauritania..............................2.6
Burkina Faso..........................2.6
Libya ......................................2.1
MEAN: 3.9
449
450
7.07
In your country, who holds senior management positions? [1 = usually relatives or friends without regard to merit; 7 = mostly professional
managers chosen for merit and qualifications] | 200910 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.4
Sweden .................................6.5
Norway ..................................6.3
New Zealand .........................6.2
Finland ...................................6.1
Canada...................................6.1
Netherlands ...........................6.0
United Kingdom.....................6.0
Australia.................................6.0
Singapore ..............................5.9
Switzerland ............................5.9
Denmark ................................5.8
Qatar......................................5.8
Ireland....................................5.8
Germany ................................5.7
United States.........................5.6
Japan .....................................5.6
Belgium .................................5.5
Luxembourg ..........................5.5
South Africa...........................5.5
Iceland ...................................5.4
Puerto Rico............................5.4
Austria ...................................5.3
Zimbabwe..............................5.3
Israel ......................................5.3
Malaysia ................................5.3
Taiwan, China ........................5.2
Gambia, The ..........................5.2
Chile ......................................5.1
Estonia...................................5.1
France....................................5.1
Sri Lanka................................5.0
Rwanda .................................5.0
Czech Republic......................5.0
United Arab Emirates ............5.0
Hong Kong SAR ....................5.0
Slovak Republic .....................4.9
Saudi Arabia...........................4.9
Korea, Rep.............................4.9
Namibia .................................4.9
Tunisia....................................4.9
Barbados ...............................4.8
Brunei Darussalam ................4.8
Trinidad and Tobago...............4.8
Oman.....................................4.7
Malawi ...................................4.7
Botswana ..............................4.7
Philippines .............................4.7
Zambia...................................4.7
India.......................................4.7
China .....................................4.7
Ghana ....................................4.7
Brazil ......................................4.7
Poland....................................4.6
Lithuania ................................4.6
Costa Rica .............................4.6
Spain......................................4.6
Indonesia ...............................4.5
Jamaica .................................4.5
Malta .....................................4.5
Thailand .................................4.5
Peru .......................................4.5
Argentina ...............................4.5
Romania ................................4.4
Mauritius ...............................4.4
Guyana ..................................4.4
Guatemala .............................4.3
Hungary .................................4.3
Slovenia .................................4.3
Swaziland ..............................4.3
Nigeria ...................................4.3
RANK
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Portugal .................................4.2
Vietnam .................................4.2
Bahrain ..................................4.2
Colombia ...............................4.2
Cte dIvoire ..........................4.2
Latvia .....................................4.2
Cyprus ...................................4.2
Montenegro...........................4.2
Kenya.....................................4.2
Panama..................................4.1
Turkey ....................................4.1
Albania...................................4.1
Madagascar ...........................4.1
Tanzania .................................4.1
Cameroon..............................4.1
Egypt .....................................4.1
Pakistan .................................4.0
Georgia ..................................4.0
Benin .....................................4.0
Uruguay .................................4.0
Bangladesh............................3.9
Lesotho .................................3.9
Senegal..................................3.9
El Salvador.............................3.9
Uganda ..................................3.9
Venezuela ..............................3.9
Cambodia ..............................3.9
Greece...................................3.9
Moldova.................................3.9
Jordan....................................3.9
Russian Federation................3.9
Mexico...................................3.8
Azerbaijan ..............................3.8
Kuwait ...................................3.8
Morocco ................................3.7
Croatia ...................................3.7
Honduras ...............................3.7
Lebanon.................................3.7
Cape Verde ............................3.6
Ethiopia..................................3.6
Mozambique..........................3.6
Dominican Republic...............3.6
Timor-Leste............................3.6
Burkina Faso..........................3.6
Macedonia, FYR ....................3.6
Bulgaria..................................3.6
Armenia .................................3.6
Kazakhstan ............................3.5
Italy........................................3.5
Nepal .....................................3.5
Iran, Islamic Rep....................3.5
Ukraine ..................................3.5
Nicaragua...............................3.5
Kyrgyz Republic .....................3.4
Mongolia................................3.4
Bosnia and Herzegovina........3.4
Ecuador .................................3.4
Serbia ....................................3.3
Algeria ...................................3.3
Tajikistan ................................3.3
Mali........................................3.3
Angola ...................................3.2
Syria.......................................3.2
Paraguay................................3.1
Bolivia ....................................3.0
Burundi ..................................3.0
Mauritania..............................2.9
Chad ......................................2.6
Libya ......................................2.5
MEAN: 4.4
7.08
Brain drain
Does your country retain and attract talented people? [1 = no, the best and brightest normally leave to pursue opportunities in other countries;
7 = yes, there are many opportunities for talented people within the country] | 200910 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 3.5
Switzerland ............................6.3
Qatar......................................6.0
United States.........................5.9
Singapore ..............................5.8
United Arab Emirates ............5.5
Sweden .................................5.4
Norway ..................................5.3
Hong Kong SAR ....................5.2
Canada...................................5.2
United Kingdom.....................5.2
Netherlands ...........................5.2
Luxembourg ..........................5.1
Chile ......................................5.0
Saudi Arabia...........................5.0
Bahrain ..................................5.0
Costa Rica .............................4.9
Iceland ...................................4.9
Belgium .................................4.9
Ireland....................................4.8
Finland ...................................4.8
Korea, Rep.............................4.8
Australia.................................4.8
Denmark................................4.8
Oman.....................................4.8
Taiwan, China ........................4.7
Japan .....................................4.7
Indonesia ...............................4.6
Malaysia ................................4.6
Barbados ...............................4.5
Austria ...................................4.5
Germany................................4.5
Israel......................................4.4
Panama..................................4.3
India.......................................4.3
Rwanda .................................4.3
Cyprus ...................................4.3
China .....................................4.3
Thailand .................................4.2
Brazil ......................................4.2
Brunei Darussalam ................4.2
France....................................4.1
Tunisia....................................4.1
Kuwait ...................................4.1
Malta .....................................4.0
Gambia, The ..........................4.0
Botswana ..............................3.9
Angola ...................................3.9
Slovenia .................................3.8
Guatemala .............................3.7
Peru .......................................3.7
Sri Lanka................................3.7
Spain......................................3.7
Cambodia ..............................3.6
Namibia .................................3.6
Montenegro...........................3.6
Kenya.....................................3.6
Estonia...................................3.5
Trinidad and Tobago...............3.5
Timor-Leste............................3.5
Vietnam .................................3.5
Czech Republic......................3.5
South Africa...........................3.5
Mozambique..........................3.4
Ghana ....................................3.4
Portugal .................................3.4
Jordan....................................3.4
Argentina ...............................3.3
Pakistan .................................3.3
Benin .....................................3.3
Mauritius ...............................3.2
RANK
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Malawi ...................................3.2
Puerto Rico............................3.2
Dominican Republic...............3.2
Mexico...................................3.2
Cape Verde ............................3.2
Morocco ................................3.2
Nigeria ...................................3.2
Cte dIvoire ..........................3.2
Poland....................................3.2
Kazakhstan ............................3.1
Zambia...................................3.1
Russian Federation................3.1
Tanzania .................................3.1
Colombia ...............................3.1
Philippines .............................3.1
New Zealand .........................3.0
El Salvador.............................3.0
Honduras ...............................3.0
Senegal..................................3.0
Turkey ....................................3.0
Bangladesh............................2.8
Italy........................................2.8
Latvia .....................................2.8
Azerbaijan ..............................2.8
Madagascar ...........................2.8
Ethiopia..................................2.8
Armenia .................................2.8
Jamaica .................................2.7
Hungary .................................2.7
Uganda ..................................2.7
Slovak Republic .....................2.7
Nicaragua...............................2.7
Greece...................................2.7
Georgia ..................................2.7
Chad ......................................2.7
Burkina Faso..........................2.7
Albania...................................2.7
Uruguay .................................2.7
Iran, Islamic Rep....................2.7
Lithuania ................................2.6
Tajikistan ................................2.6
Ecuador .................................2.5
Lebanon.................................2.5
Egypt .....................................2.5
Ukraine ..................................2.5
Romania ................................2.4
Cameroon..............................2.4
Syria.......................................2.4
Paraguay................................2.4
Mali........................................2.4
Zimbabwe..............................2.4
Croatia ...................................2.3
Mongolia................................2.3
Bolivia ....................................2.2
Algeria ...................................2.2
Macedonia, FYR ....................2.2
Bulgaria..................................2.2
Venezuela ..............................2.1
Nepal .....................................2.1
Moldova.................................2.1
Guyana ..................................2.1
Burundi ..................................2.1
Lesotho .................................2.0
Libya ......................................2.0
Mauritania..............................2.0
Serbia ....................................2.0
Swaziland ..............................2.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina........2.0
Kyrgyz Republic .....................2.0
MEAN: 3.5
451
452
7.09
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
59
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
SCORE
RANK
Mozambique ...........................1.16
Rwanda...................................1.02
Ghana......................................1.00
Moldova ..................................0.99
Burundi ...................................0.99
Tanzania ..................................0.98
Mongolia .................................0.98
Malawi ....................................0.96
Finland ....................................0.96
Madagascar ............................0.95
Sweden...................................0.95
Chad........................................0.95
Iceland ....................................0.94
Lithuania .................................0.94
Norway ...................................0.93
Swaziland................................0.93
Estonia ....................................0.93
Uganda....................................0.92
Denmark .................................0.92
Vietnam...................................0.92
Lesotho...................................0.92
Kazakhstan..............................0.91
China.......................................0.91
Canada ....................................0.91
Russian Federation .................0.90
Ethiopia ...................................0.90
Barbados.................................0.89
Latvia ......................................0.89
Israel .......................................0.89
Burkina Faso ...........................0.88
Slovenia ..................................0.88
Ukraine....................................0.88
Cambodia................................0.88
France .....................................0.87
Bulgaria ...................................0.87
Portugal...................................0.87
Azerbaijan ...............................0.87
Paraguay .................................0.87
Kenya ......................................0.86
Switzerland .............................0.86
Armenia ..................................0.86
Netherlands ............................0.86
Angola.....................................0.86
Germany .................................0.85
Gambia, The ...........................0.85
Austria.....................................0.85
United Kingdom ......................0.85
New Zealand...........................0.85
United States ..........................0.85
Bosnia and Herzegovina .........0.85
Australia ..................................0.85
Tajikistan .................................0.84
Namibia...................................0.84
Colombia.................................0.84
Belgium...................................0.83
Poland .....................................0.83
Thailand...................................0.82
Cyprus.....................................0.82
Montenegro ............................0.82
Serbia......................................0.82
Czech Republic .......................0.82
Bolivia .....................................0.81
Hungary ..................................0.81
South Africa ............................0.81
Dominican Republic ................0.81
Romania..................................0.81
Slovak Republic ......................0.81
Luxembourg............................0.81
Croatia.....................................0.80
Nepal.......................................0.80
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
SOURCE: International Labour Organization, KIILM Net (retrieved June 28, 2010)
Data Tables
Section VIII
Financial market development
453
454
8.01
Does the financial sector in your country provide a wide variety of financial products and services to businesses? [ 1 = not at all ; 7 = provides a
wide variety] | 2010
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.6
Switzerland ............................6.6
Canada...................................6.4
Luxembourg ..........................6.4
Hong Kong SAR ....................6.3
United Kingdom.....................6.3
Sweden .................................6.3
South Africa...........................6.2
Germany................................6.1
Norway ..................................6.1
Belgium .................................6.1
Panama..................................6.1
Finland ...................................6.0
Netherlands ...........................6.0
Australia.................................6.0
United States.........................6.0
France....................................5.9
Austria ...................................5.9
Bahrain ..................................5.8
Chile ......................................5.8
Singapore ..............................5.7
Puerto Rico............................5.7
Portugal .................................5.6
Taiwan, China ........................5.6
Malaysia ................................5.6
Spain......................................5.6
Qatar......................................5.6
Brazil ......................................5.6
Denmark................................5.6
Israel ......................................5.5
Saudi Arabia...........................5.5
Peru .......................................5.5
United Arab Emirates ............5.4
Malta .....................................5.4
Guatemala .............................5.3
New Zealand .........................5.3
Namibia .................................5.2
Cyprus ...................................5.2
Slovak Republic .....................5.2
Lebanon.................................5.2
Thailand .................................5.2
Japan .....................................5.2
Tunisia....................................5.2
Estonia...................................5.1
Mauritius ...............................5.1
India.......................................5.1
Kuwait ...................................5.1
Czech Republic......................5.1
Sri Lanka................................5.1
Philippines .............................5.1
Ireland....................................5.0
Hungary .................................5.0
Turkey ....................................5.0
Kenya.....................................5.0
Colombia ...............................4.9
El Salvador.............................4.9
Trinidad and Tobago...............4.9
Oman.....................................4.9
Barbados ...............................4.9
Indonesia ...............................4.8
Egypt .....................................4.8
Morocco ................................4.8
Poland....................................4.8
Jamaica .................................4.8
Greece...................................4.7
Costa Rica .............................4.7
Honduras ...............................4.7
Jordan....................................4.7
Dominican Republic...............4.7
Zambia...................................4.7
Brunei Darussalam ................4.6
RANK
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
China .....................................4.6
Gambia, The ..........................4.6
Botswana ..............................4.5
Lithuania ................................4.5
Paraguay................................4.5
Montenegro...........................4.4
Slovenia .................................4.3
Ghana ....................................4.3
Mexico...................................4.3
Uganda ..................................4.3
Uruguay .................................4.3
Italy........................................4.3
Croatia ...................................4.3
Benin .....................................4.3
Senegal..................................4.3
Latvia .....................................4.3
Vietnam .................................4.2
Cambodia ..............................4.2
Nicaragua...............................4.2
Nigeria ...................................4.2
Guyana ..................................4.2
Mozambique..........................4.2
Kazakhstan ............................4.1
Swaziland ..............................4.1
Bulgaria..................................4.1
Bolivia ....................................4.1
Bangladesh............................4.1
Korea, Rep.............................4.0
Malawi ...................................4.0
Rwanda .................................4.0
Pakistan .................................4.0
Azerbaijan ..............................4.0
Iceland ...................................4.0
Romania ................................3.9
Cte dIvoire ..........................3.9
Georgia ..................................3.9
Venezuela ..............................3.9
Ukraine ..................................3.8
Russian Federation................3.8
Ecuador .................................3.8
Serbia ....................................3.8
Mali........................................3.7
Cape Verde ............................3.7
Moldova.................................3.7
Zimbabwe..............................3.6
Nepal .....................................3.6
Madagascar ...........................3.6
Tajikistan ................................3.6
Bosnia and Herzegovina........3.6
Tanzania .................................3.6
Armenia .................................3.5
Macedonia, FYR ....................3.5
Kyrgyz Republic .....................3.5
Ethiopia..................................3.4
Argentina ...............................3.4
Mongolia................................3.4
Cameroon..............................3.3
Albania...................................3.3
Angola ...................................3.3
Syria.......................................3.3
Algeria ...................................3.2
Burkina Faso..........................3.1
Iran, Islamic Rep....................3.0
Lesotho .................................3.0
Burundi ..................................2.9
Libya ......................................2.7
Mauritania..............................2.6
Chad ......................................2.5
Timor-Leste............................2.4
MEAN: 4.6
8.02
To what extent does competition among providers of financial services in your country ensure the provision of financial services at affordable
prices? [1 = not at all; 7 = extremely well] | 2010
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.2
Switzerland ............................6.0
Taiwan, China ........................6.0
Hong Kong SAR ....................5.8
Panama..................................5.8
Singapore ..............................5.8
Finland ...................................5.7
Luxembourg ..........................5.7
Qatar......................................5.6
Norway ..................................5.6
United Kingdom.....................5.6
Bahrain ..................................5.5
Sweden .................................5.5
Chile ......................................5.5
Canada...................................5.5
Malaysia ................................5.5
France....................................5.4
Netherlands ...........................5.4
Germany................................5.4
Saudi Arabia...........................5.4
Belgium .................................5.3
United States.........................5.3
Puerto Rico............................5.3
Spain......................................5.2
Portugal .................................5.2
Australia.................................5.1
Austria ...................................5.1
Guatemala .............................5.0
Oman.....................................5.0
Thailand .................................5.0
Malta .....................................5.0
Tunisia....................................5.0
Peru .......................................5.0
Japan .....................................5.0
United Arab Emirates ............5.0
Denmark................................5.0
Lebanon.................................4.9
Philippines .............................4.8
India.......................................4.8
Kuwait ...................................4.8
Turkey ....................................4.8
Mauritius ...............................4.8
Sri Lanka................................4.8
South Africa...........................4.7
China .....................................4.7
New Zealand .........................4.6
Cyprus ...................................4.6
Slovak Republic .....................4.6
Brunei Darussalam ................4.5
Estonia...................................4.5
Ireland....................................4.5
Israel......................................4.5
Brazil ......................................4.5
Barbados ...............................4.5
Trinidad and Tobago...............4.5
Costa Rica .............................4.5
Morocco ................................4.5
Paraguay................................4.4
Jordan....................................4.4
Indonesia ...............................4.4
Honduras ...............................4.4
Gambia, The ..........................4.4
Montenegro...........................4.3
Poland....................................4.3
Uruguay .................................4.3
Lithuania ................................4.3
Colombia ...............................4.3
Kenya.....................................4.3
Azerbaijan ..............................4.2
Egypt .....................................4.2
El Salvador.............................4.1
RANK
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Cambodia ..............................4.1
Vietnam .................................4.1
Dominican Republic...............4.1
Zambia...................................4.1
Greece...................................4.1
Latvia .....................................4.1
Benin .....................................4.1
Slovenia .................................4.1
Namibia .................................4.0
Rwanda .................................4.0
Senegal..................................4.0
Korea, Rep.............................4.0
Bolivia ....................................3.9
Nigeria ...................................3.9
Pakistan .................................3.9
Botswana ..............................3.9
Nicaragua...............................3.9
Bangladesh............................3.9
Ghana ....................................3.9
Uganda ..................................3.8
Guyana ..................................3.8
Russian Federation................3.8
Mozambique..........................3.8
Croatia ...................................3.8
Jamaica .................................3.8
Czech Republic......................3.7
Zimbabwe..............................3.7
Cape Verde ............................3.7
Serbia ....................................3.6
Romania ................................3.6
Cte dIvoire ..........................3.6
Kazakhstan ............................3.6
Swaziland ..............................3.6
Armenia .................................3.6
Mexico...................................3.6
Italy........................................3.5
Malawi ...................................3.5
Georgia ..................................3.5
Venezuela ..............................3.5
Hungary .................................3.5
Bulgaria..................................3.5
Macedonia, FYR ....................3.5
Albania...................................3.5
Ecuador .................................3.4
Tanzania .................................3.4
Iceland ...................................3.4
Nepal .....................................3.4
Tajikistan ................................3.4
Ethiopia..................................3.3
Bosnia and Herzegovina........3.2
Argentina ...............................3.2
Ukraine ..................................3.2
Mali........................................3.2
Mongolia................................3.2
Syria.......................................3.2
Kyrgyz Republic .....................3.1
Cameroon..............................3.1
Moldova.................................3.1
Iran, Islamic Rep....................3.1
Lesotho .................................3.1
Madagascar ...........................2.9
Angola ...................................2.9
Chad ......................................2.8
Burundi ..................................2.8
Burkina Faso..........................2.7
Algeria ...................................2.7
Timor-Leste............................2.6
Mauritania..............................2.6
Libya ......................................2.4
MEAN: 4.2
455
456
8.03
How easy is it to raise money by issuing shares on the stock market in your country? [1 = very difficult; 7 = very easy] | 200910 weighted
average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 3.4
Qatar......................................5.2
Hong Kong SAR ....................5.2
Saudi Arabia...........................4.8
Taiwan, China ........................4.8
Singapore ..............................4.8
France....................................4.8
South Africa...........................4.7
Canada...................................4.7
Malta .....................................4.7
India.......................................4.7
Malaysia ................................4.7
Bangladesh............................4.6
Indonesia ...............................4.6
Nepal .....................................4.6
Australia.................................4.6
Norway ..................................4.6
Sri Lanka................................4.5
Oman.....................................4.4
Chile ......................................4.4
Sweden .................................4.4
Kenya.....................................4.4
Switzerland ............................4.4
New Zealand .........................4.4
Japan .....................................4.4
Tunisia....................................4.4
Luxembourg ..........................4.3
United Arab Emirates ............4.3
Thailand .................................4.3
Egypt .....................................4.2
Panama..................................4.2
Morocco ................................4.2
United Kingdom.....................4.1
Jordan....................................4.1
Cte dIvoire ..........................4.1
Vietnam .................................4.1
United States.........................4.1
Israel ......................................4.0
Ghana ....................................4.0
Czech Republic......................4.0
Nigeria ...................................4.0
Malawi ...................................3.9
Kuwait ...................................3.9
Pakistan .................................3.9
Zimbabwe..............................3.9
Brazil ......................................3.9
Turkey ....................................3.9
Jamaica .................................3.9
Finland ...................................3.9
Germany ................................3.9
Montenegro...........................3.9
Bahrain ..................................3.9
China .....................................3.8
Mauritius ...............................3.8
Zambia...................................3.8
Cape Verde ............................3.8
Philippines .............................3.8
Namibia .................................3.8
Austria ...................................3.8
Korea, Rep.............................3.8
Denmark ................................3.7
Netherlands ...........................3.7
Benin .....................................3.7
Peru .......................................3.7
Poland....................................3.7
Cyprus ...................................3.6
Greece...................................3.6
Belgium .................................3.6
Estonia...................................3.6
Botswana ..............................3.6
Puerto Rico............................3.6
RANK
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Portugal .................................3.5
Colombia ...............................3.5
Italy........................................3.5
Barbados ...............................3.4
Tanzania .................................3.4
Trinidad and Tobago...............3.4
Uganda ..................................3.4
Paraguay................................3.4
Azerbaijan ..............................3.3
Senegal..................................3.3
Spain......................................3.3
Iran, Islamic Rep....................3.3
Lithuania ................................3.3
Slovenia .................................3.2
Macedonia, FYR ....................3.2
Swaziland ..............................3.2
Burkina Faso..........................3.1
Cameroon..............................3.1
Romania ................................3.1
Bulgaria..................................3.1
Gambia, The ..........................3.1
Rwanda .................................3.1
Mozambique..........................3.0
Mexico...................................3.0
Bolivia ....................................2.9
Croatia ...................................2.9
Ecuador .................................2.8
Guyana ..................................2.8
Mongolia................................2.8
Ethiopia..................................2.8
Serbia ....................................2.8
Bosnia and Herzegovina........2.8
Syria.......................................2.8
El Salvador.............................2.8
Ireland....................................2.8
Kazakhstan ............................2.8
Russian Federation................2.7
Nicaragua...............................2.7
Tajikistan ................................2.7
Slovak Republic .....................2.6
Hungary .................................2.6
Brunei Darussalam ................2.6
Mali........................................2.5
Costa Rica .............................2.5
Lebanon.................................2.5
Latvia .....................................2.5
Dominican Republic...............2.5
Argentina ...............................2.4
Chad ......................................2.4
Ukraine ..................................2.3
Kyrgyz Republic .....................2.3
Libya ......................................2.3
Cambodia ..............................2.3
Moldova.................................2.2
Georgia ..................................2.2
Guatemala .............................2.2
Algeria ...................................2.2
Venezuela ..............................2.1
Uruguay .................................2.1
Lesotho .................................2.1
Armenia .................................2.0
Honduras ...............................2.0
Mauritania..............................2.0
Iceland ...................................1.9
Timor-Leste............................1.9
Madagascar ...........................1.8
Albania...................................1.8
Burundi ..................................1.5
Angola ...................................1.5
MEAN: 3.4
8.04
How easy is it to obtain a bank loan in your country with only a good business plan and no collateral? [1 = very difficult; 7 = very easy] | 200910
weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 2.9
Qatar......................................5.0
Bahrain ..................................4.9
Luxembourg ..........................4.7
Singapore ..............................4.5
Finland ...................................4.5
Saudi Arabia...........................4.4
Norway ..................................4.4
United Arab Emirates ............4.3
Hong Kong SAR ....................4.2
Malaysia ................................4.2
Sweden .................................4.2
Malta .....................................4.2
Oman.....................................4.1
Indonesia ...............................4.0
Panama..................................4.0
Australia.................................3.9
Belgium .................................3.9
Cyprus ...................................3.8
Taiwan, China ........................3.7
Netherlands ...........................3.7
Kenya.....................................3.7
Switzerland ............................3.7
Chile ......................................3.7
Canada...................................3.6
Montenegro...........................3.6
Kuwait ...................................3.6
New Zealand .........................3.6
Denmark................................3.5
Botswana ..............................3.5
Tunisia....................................3.5
Thailand .................................3.4
Mauritius ...............................3.4
Brunei Darussalam ................3.4
United States.........................3.4
France....................................3.4
Lebanon.................................3.3
Peru .......................................3.3
Sri Lanka................................3.3
India.......................................3.3
Pakistan .................................3.3
South Africa...........................3.2
Austria ...................................3.2
Slovak Republic .....................3.2
Morocco ................................3.1
Puerto Rico............................3.1
Japan .....................................3.1
Czech Republic......................3.1
Namibia .................................3.1
Egypt .....................................3.0
Estonia...................................3.0
China .....................................3.0
Jordan....................................3.0
Portugal .................................3.0
Israel......................................2.9
Philippines .............................2.9
Slovenia .................................2.9
Benin .....................................2.9
Madagascar ...........................2.9
Poland....................................2.9
Gambia, The ..........................2.9
Colombia ...............................2.9
Bulgaria..................................2.8
Guatemala .............................2.8
Tanzania .................................2.8
Brazil ......................................2.8
Azerbaijan ..............................2.8
Algeria ...................................2.8
Swaziland ..............................2.8
Germany................................2.8
Uruguay .................................2.7
RANK
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Vietnam .................................2.7
Timor-Leste............................2.7
Paraguay................................2.7
United Kingdom.....................2.7
Barbados ...............................2.7
Greece...................................2.6
Turkey ....................................2.6
Romania ................................2.6
Bangladesh............................2.6
Dominican Republic...............2.5
Croatia ...................................2.5
Trinidad and Tobago...............2.5
Georgia ..................................2.5
Tajikistan ................................2.5
Spain......................................2.5
Hungary .................................2.5
Libya ......................................2.5
Nepal .....................................2.5
Nicaragua...............................2.5
Albania...................................2.4
Serbia ....................................2.4
Cambodia ..............................2.4
El Salvador.............................2.4
Guyana ..................................2.4
Costa Rica .............................2.4
Mexico...................................2.4
Honduras ...............................2.3
Senegal..................................2.3
Uganda ..................................2.3
Syria.......................................2.3
Lesotho .................................2.3
Bosnia and Herzegovina........2.3
Cape Verde ............................2.3
Iceland ...................................2.3
Ghana ....................................2.3
Zambia...................................2.3
Russian Federation................2.3
Ecuador .................................2.3
Bolivia ....................................2.3
Rwanda .................................2.2
Angola ...................................2.2
Lithuania ................................2.2
Italy........................................2.2
Malawi ...................................2.2
Chad ......................................2.1
Venezuela ..............................2.1
Ireland....................................2.1
Korea, Rep.............................2.1
Moldova.................................2.1
Ethiopia..................................2.1
Kazakhstan ............................2.1
Macedonia, FYR ....................2.1
Mozambique..........................2.0
Armenia .................................2.0
Latvia .....................................2.0
Nigeria ...................................2.0
Zimbabwe..............................2.0
Jamaica .................................2.0
Kyrgyz Republic .....................2.0
Ukraine ..................................1.9
Mali........................................1.9
Cameroon..............................1.9
Mauritania..............................1.8
Argentina ...............................1.7
Burundi ..................................1.6
Iran, Islamic Rep....................1.6
Burkina Faso..........................1.6
Cte dIvoire ..........................1.5
Mongolia................................1.5
MEAN: 2.9
457
458
8.05
In your country, how easy is it for entrepreneurs with innovative but risky projects to find venture capital? [1 = very difficult; 7 = very easy] |
200910 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 2.7
RANK
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Bulgaria..................................2.5
Macedonia, FYR ....................2.5
Gambia, The ..........................2.5
Uruguay .................................2.5
Philippines .............................2.5
Cambodia ..............................2.5
Rwanda .................................2.5
Guatemala .............................2.4
Bolivia ....................................2.4
Romania ................................2.4
Algeria ...................................2.4
Kazakhstan ............................2.4
Costa Rica .............................2.4
Iceland ...................................2.4
Nicaragua...............................2.4
Barbados ...............................2.3
Greece...................................2.3
Paraguay................................2.3
Ireland....................................2.3
Swaziland ..............................2.3
El Salvador.............................2.3
Chad ......................................2.3
Honduras ...............................2.3
Senegal..................................2.3
Russian Federation................2.3
Mexico...................................2.3
Bangladesh............................2.2
Korea, Rep.............................2.2
Turkey ....................................2.2
Guyana ..................................2.2
Latvia .....................................2.2
Serbia ....................................2.2
Lithuania ................................2.2
Italy........................................2.2
Hungary .................................2.2
Nepal .....................................2.2
Albania...................................2.1
Croatia ...................................2.1
Georgia ..................................2.1
Mozambique..........................2.1
Ghana ....................................2.1
Dominican Republic...............2.1
Syria.......................................2.1
Ethiopia..................................2.1
Cape Verde ............................2.1
Lesotho .................................2.1
Ecuador .................................2.0
Zambia...................................2.0
Venezuela ..............................2.0
Nigeria ...................................2.0
Ukraine ..................................1.9
Uganda ..................................1.9
Mauritania..............................1.9
Argentina ...............................1.9
Jamaica .................................1.9
Bosnia and Herzegovina........1.9
Moldova.................................1.9
Cameroon..............................1.8
Angola ...................................1.8
Kyrgyz Republic .....................1.8
Armenia .................................1.8
Malawi ...................................1.8
Iran, Islamic Rep....................1.8
Zimbabwe..............................1.7
Mali........................................1.7
Mongolia................................1.7
Cte dIvoire ..........................1.6
Burkina Faso..........................1.5
Burundi ..................................1.5
MEAN: 2.7
8.06
How restrictive are regulations in your country related to international capital flows? [1 = highly restrictive; 7 = not restrictive at all] | 200910
weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.4
RANK
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Guyana ..................................4.4
Brunei Darussalam ................4.4
Brazil ......................................4.4
Malaysia ................................4.4
India.......................................4.4
Thailand .................................4.4
Kuwait ...................................4.3
Cape Verde ............................4.3
Honduras ...............................4.3
Italy........................................4.3
Slovenia .................................4.2
Kenya.....................................4.2
Pakistan .................................4.2
Egypt .....................................4.1
Romania ................................4.1
Serbia ....................................4.1
Costa Rica .............................4.1
Tunisia....................................4.1
Nigeria ...................................4.0
Namibia .................................4.0
Croatia ...................................4.0
Benin .....................................4.0
Swaziland ..............................4.0
Korea, Rep.............................4.0
Tanzania .................................3.9
Vietnam .................................3.9
Mongolia................................3.9
Timor-Leste............................3.9
South Africa...........................3.9
Cameroon..............................3.9
Taiwan, China ........................3.8
Moldova.................................3.8
Macedonia, FYR ....................3.8
Colombia ...............................3.8
Morocco ................................3.8
Kazakhstan ............................3.7
Cte dIvoire ..........................3.7
Lesotho .................................3.7
Senegal..................................3.7
Malawi ...................................3.7
Bulgaria..................................3.7
Bangladesh............................3.6
Zimbabwe..............................3.6
Tajikistan ................................3.6
Nepal .....................................3.6
Bolivia ....................................3.6
Syria.......................................3.5
Barbados ...............................3.5
Russian Federation................3.4
Bosnia and Herzegovina........3.4
Mozambique..........................3.4
Mali........................................3.3
China .....................................3.3
Iran, Islamic Rep....................3.2
Ukraine ..................................3.2
Burkina Faso..........................3.2
Kyrgyz Republic .....................3.1
Mauritania..............................3.1
Ethiopia..................................3.1
Chad ......................................3.0
Madagascar ...........................3.0
Argentina ...............................3.0
Ecuador .................................2.9
Libya ......................................2.9
Burundi ..................................2.7
Algeria ...................................2.3
Iceland ...................................2.1
Angola ...................................1.9
Venezuela ..............................1.8
MEAN: 4.4
459
460
8.07
Soundness of banks
How would you assess the soundness of banks in your country? [1 = insolvent and may require a government bailout; 7 = generally healthy with
sound balance sheets] | 200910 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 5.1
Canada...................................6.7
New Zealand .........................6.6
Australia.................................6.5
Lebanon.................................6.5
Chile ......................................6.5
South Africa...........................6.5
Panama..................................6.4
Hong Kong SAR ....................6.4
Singapore ..............................6.3
Malta .....................................6.3
Finland ...................................6.3
Barbados ...............................6.3
Israel ......................................6.3
Brazil ......................................6.2
Namibia .................................6.2
Mauritius ...............................6.1
Norway ..................................6.1
Peru .......................................6.0
Bahrain ..................................5.9
Saudi Arabia...........................5.9
Trinidad and Tobago...............5.9
Costa Rica .............................5.9
Slovak Republic .....................5.9
Czech Republic......................5.9
India.......................................5.8
Sweden .................................5.8
Luxembourg ..........................5.8
Oman.....................................5.7
Malawi ...................................5.7
Thailand .................................5.7
Cyprus ...................................5.7
El Salvador.............................5.7
Malaysia ................................5.7
Colombia ...............................5.7
Guatemala .............................5.6
Turkey ....................................5.6
Honduras ...............................5.6
Philippines .............................5.6
Botswana ..............................5.6
France....................................5.6
Switzerland ............................5.6
Mexico...................................5.5
Spain......................................5.5
Swaziland ..............................5.5
Brunei Darussalam ................5.5
Qatar......................................5.5
Jamaica .................................5.5
Austria ...................................5.5
Uruguay .................................5.4
United Arab Emirates ............5.4
Jordan....................................5.4
Dominican Republic...............5.4
Senegal..................................5.4
Cape Verde ............................5.4
Guyana ..................................5.4
Zambia...................................5.3
Italy ........................................5.3
Taiwan, China ........................5.3
Tunisia....................................5.3
China .....................................5.3
Egypt .....................................5.3
Paraguay ................................5.3
Syria.......................................5.3
Kuwait ...................................5.3
Ghana ....................................5.3
Croatia ...................................5.3
Sri Lanka................................5.3
Uganda ..................................5.2
Morocco ................................5.2
Greece...................................5.2
RANK
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Mozambique..........................5.2
Estonia...................................5.2
Poland....................................5.2
Kenya.....................................5.1
Gambia, The ..........................5.1
Benin .....................................5.1
Japan .....................................5.1
Macedonia, FYR ....................5.1
Portugal .................................5.1
Bolivia ....................................5.0
Armenia .................................5.0
Bangladesh............................5.0
Ecuador .................................4.9
Cameroon..............................4.9
Denmark................................4.8
Burkina Faso..........................4.8
Lithuania ................................4.8
Pakistan .................................4.8
Madagascar ...........................4.8
Hungary .................................4.8
Ethiopia..................................4.7
Indonesia ...............................4.7
Nicaragua...............................4.7
Montenegro...........................4.7
Rwanda .................................4.7
Vietnam .................................4.7
Romania ................................4.7
Cte dIvoire ..........................4.7
Korea, Rep.............................4.7
Bosnia and Herzegovina........4.6
Cambodia ..............................4.6
Angola ...................................4.6
Puerto Rico............................4.6
Netherlands ...........................4.6
Bulgaria..................................4.5
Moldova.................................4.5
Albania...................................4.5
Lesotho .................................4.5
Georgia ..................................4.5
Slovenia .................................4.4
United States.........................4.4
Germany................................4.4
Iran, Islamic Rep....................4.4
Azerbaijan ..............................4.4
Serbia ....................................4.4
Libya ......................................4.4
Nepal .....................................4.4
Timor-Leste............................4.3
Tanzania .................................4.3
Belgium .................................4.2
Algeria ...................................4.2
Nigeria ...................................4.1
Argentina ...............................4.1
Mauritania..............................4.1
Tajikistan ................................4.0
Venezuela ..............................4.0
Latvia .....................................3.9
Mali........................................3.9
Russian Federation................3.8
Kyrgyz Republic .....................3.7
Kazakhstan ............................3.7
Chad ......................................3.6
United Kingdom.....................3.6
Burundi ..................................3.5
Zimbabwe..............................3.4
Mongolia................................2.9
Iceland ...................................2.5
Ukraine ..................................2.5
Ireland....................................2.0
MEAN: 5.1
8.08
How would you assess the regulation and supervision of securities exchanges in your country? [1 = ineffective; 7 = effective] | 200910 weighted
average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.2
South Africa...........................6.0
Sweden .................................5.9
Singapore ..............................5.8
Norway ..................................5.7
Brazil ......................................5.7
Qatar......................................5.6
Finland ...................................5.6
Luxembourg ..........................5.6
Switzerland ............................5.6
Australia.................................5.5
Hong Kong SAR ....................5.4
Malta .....................................5.4
Bahrain ..................................5.4
Denmark................................5.3
India.......................................5.3
Oman.....................................5.3
France....................................5.2
Puerto Rico............................5.2
Malaysia ................................5.2
Taiwan, China ........................5.2
Netherlands ...........................5.2
Canada...................................5.2
Jamaica .................................5.1
Barbados ...............................5.1
New Zealand .........................5.1
Saudi Arabia...........................5.1
United Arab Emirates ............5.1
Mauritius ...............................5.1
Jordan....................................5.0
Namibia .................................5.0
Poland....................................5.0
Israel......................................5.0
Portugal .................................5.0
Cyprus ...................................4.9
Germany................................4.9
Thailand .................................4.8
Sri Lanka................................4.8
Tunisia....................................4.8
Honduras ...............................4.8
Japan .....................................4.8
Belgium .................................4.8
United Kingdom.....................4.8
Morocco ................................4.7
Estonia...................................4.7
Austria ...................................4.7
Turkey ....................................4.6
Czech Republic......................4.6
Montenegro...........................4.6
Indonesia ...............................4.6
Lebanon.................................4.5
Cape Verde ............................4.5
Hungary .................................4.5
Trinidad and Tobago...............4.5
Uruguay .................................4.5
Ghana ....................................4.5
Zambia...................................4.4
Lithuania ................................4.4
Bangladesh............................4.4
Guatemala .............................4.4
Botswana ..............................4.4
China .....................................4.4
Benin .....................................4.3
Cte dIvoire ..........................4.3
United States.........................4.3
Macedonia, FYR ....................4.3
Slovenia .................................4.3
Egypt .....................................4.3
Rwanda .................................4.2
Greece...................................4.2
Malawi ...................................4.2
RANK
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Ecuador .................................4.2
Italy........................................4.1
Philippines .............................4.1
Croatia ...................................4.1
Korea, Rep.............................4.1
Pakistan .................................4.0
Kuwait ...................................4.0
Panama..................................4.0
Dominican Republic...............4.0
Gambia, The ..........................4.0
Nicaragua...............................4.0
Nigeria ...................................4.0
Swaziland ..............................3.9
Uganda ..................................3.9
Zimbabwe..............................3.9
Vietnam .................................3.9
Bolivia ....................................3.9
Iran, Islamic Rep....................3.9
Slovak Republic .....................3.9
Ireland....................................3.8
Mexico...................................3.8
Paraguay................................3.8
Tanzania .................................3.8
Iceland ...................................3.8
Venezuela ..............................3.7
Brunei Darussalam ................3.7
Romania ................................3.7
Kenya.....................................3.7
Latvia .....................................3.7
Costa Rica .............................3.7
Mozambique..........................3.7
Syria.......................................3.7
Azerbaijan ..............................3.7
Chile ......................................3.7
El Salvador.............................3.6
Argentina ...............................3.6
Senegal..................................3.6
Bosnia and Herzegovina........3.6
Bulgaria..................................3.6
Guyana ..................................3.6
Nepal .....................................3.5
Spain......................................3.5
Colombia ...............................3.5
Peru .......................................3.4
Serbia ....................................3.4
Moldova.................................3.4
Burkina Faso..........................3.4
Russian Federation................3.3
Kazakhstan ............................3.3
Cameroon..............................3.2
Armenia .................................3.2
Cambodia ..............................3.1
Ethiopia..................................3.1
Georgia ..................................3.1
Lesotho .................................2.9
Tajikistan ................................2.8
Ukraine ..................................2.7
Timor-Leste............................2.7
Mongolia................................2.7
Mali........................................2.6
Albania...................................2.6
Kyrgyz Republic .....................2.6
Angola ...................................2.5
Chad ......................................2.5
Libya ......................................2.4
Madagascar ...........................2.2
Algeria ...................................2.1
Mauritania..............................2.1
Burundi ..................................1.9
MEAN: 4.2
461
462
8.09
Degree of legal protection of borrowers and lenders rights on a 010 (best) scale | 2009
RANK
1
1
1
1
1
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
39
39
39
39
39
39
39
39
39
39
39
39
39
39
39
39
39
39
39
39
39
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
SCORE
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
60
60
60
60
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
103
103
103
103
103
103
103
103
103
103
103
103
103
103
103
103
103
103
103
103
103
103
103
103
103
103
129
129
129
129
129
134
134
134
n/a
n/a
n/a
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Panama ........................................6
Slovenia .......................................6
Spain ............................................6
Swaziland.....................................6
Bosnia and Herzegovina ..............5
Colombia......................................5
Costa Rica....................................5
El Salvador ...................................5
Gambia, The ................................5
Kazakhstan...................................5
Lithuania ......................................5
Mauritius......................................5
Nepal............................................5
Sweden........................................5
Uruguay .......................................5
Angola..........................................4
Argentina .....................................4
Bahrain.........................................4
Chile.............................................4
Ethiopia ........................................4
Guyana.........................................4
Iran, Islamic Rep. .........................4
Jordan ..........................................4
Kuwait..........................................4
Mexico .........................................4
Oman ...........................................4
Saudi Arabia .................................4
Sri Lanka ......................................4
Taiwan, China...............................4
Thailand........................................4
Turkey ..........................................4
United Arab Emirates ..................4
Algeria..........................................3
Benin............................................3
Brazil ............................................3
Burkina Faso ................................3
Cameroon ....................................3
Chad.............................................3
Cte dIvoire ................................3
Dominican Republic .....................3
Ecuador........................................3
Egypt............................................3
Greece .........................................3
Indonesia .....................................3
Italy ..............................................3
Lebanon .......................................3
Mali ..............................................3
Mauritania ....................................3
Morocco.......................................3
Nicaragua .....................................3
Paraguay ......................................3
Philippines....................................3
Portugal........................................3
Qatar ............................................3
Russian Federation ......................3
Senegal ........................................3
Tajikistan ......................................3
Tunisia ..........................................3
Burundi ........................................2
Cape Verde ..................................2
Madagascar .................................2
Mozambique ................................2
Venezuela.....................................2
Bolivia ..........................................1
Syria .............................................1
Timor-Leste ..................................1
Barbados ...................................n/a
Libya..........................................n/a
Malta .........................................n/a
Data Tables
Section IX
Technological readiness
463
464
9.01
To what extent are the latest technologies available in your country? [1 = not available; 7 = widely available] | 200910 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 5.1
Sweden .................................6.8
Iceland ...................................6.8
Norway ..................................6.7
Finland ...................................6.6
Switzerland ............................6.6
Israel ......................................6.4
United States.........................6.4
Austria ...................................6.4
Netherlands ...........................6.4
Hong Kong SAR ....................6.4
United Arab Emirates ............6.4
Belgium .................................6.4
Denmark ................................6.4
Canada...................................6.4
United Kingdom.....................6.4
France....................................6.4
Germany ................................6.3
Japan .....................................6.3
Portugal .................................6.3
Singapore ..............................6.3
Luxembourg ..........................6.2
Australia.................................6.1
Korea, Rep.............................6.1
Puerto Rico............................6.1
Qatar......................................6.1
Chile ......................................6.0
New Zealand .........................6.0
Barbados ...............................6.0
Bahrain ..................................6.0
Malta .....................................6.0
Estonia...................................5.8
Spain......................................5.8
Taiwan, China ........................5.8
Ireland....................................5.8
Malaysia ................................5.7
Cyprus ...................................5.7
Lithuania ................................5.6
Slovenia .................................5.6
Saudi Arabia...........................5.6
Slovak Republic .....................5.6
India.......................................5.6
Tunisia....................................5.6
Panama..................................5.6
Namibia .................................5.5
Guatemala .............................5.5
Czech Republic......................5.5
Hungary .................................5.5
Turkey ....................................5.5
Jordan....................................5.5
Brazil ......................................5.5
South Africa...........................5.5
Jamaica .................................5.5
Senegal..................................5.5
Mauritius ...............................5.4
Croatia ...................................5.4
Dominican Republic...............5.3
Oman.....................................5.3
Brunei Darussalam ................5.2
Greece...................................5.2
Trinidad and Tobago...............5.2
Sri Lanka................................5.2
Philippines .............................5.1
Kuwait ...................................5.1
Thailand .................................5.1
Latvia .....................................5.1
Peru .......................................5.1
El Salvador.............................5.1
Morocco ................................5.0
Uruguay .................................5.0
Costa Rica .............................5.0
RANK
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Rwanda .................................5.0
Cape Verde ............................5.0
Italy........................................5.0
Mexico...................................4.9
Lebanon.................................4.9
Gambia, The ..........................4.9
Indonesia ...............................4.8
Botswana ..............................4.8
Cte dIvoire ..........................4.8
Macedonia, FYR ....................4.8
Azerbaijan ..............................4.8
Kenya.....................................4.7
Argentina ...............................4.7
Honduras ...............................4.7
Montenegro...........................4.7
Poland....................................4.7
Colombia ...............................4.7
Pakistan .................................4.6
Zambia...................................4.6
Albania...................................4.6
Egypt .....................................4.6
Ukraine ..................................4.5
Uganda ..................................4.4
China .....................................4.4
Ghana ....................................4.4
Libya ......................................4.4
Kazakhstan ............................4.4
Georgia ..................................4.3
Romania ................................4.3
Bulgaria..................................4.3
Venezuela ..............................4.3
Vietnam .................................4.3
Cambodia ..............................4.3
Mozambique..........................4.3
Madagascar ...........................4.3
Ecuador .................................4.3
Guyana ..................................4.3
Malawi ...................................4.3
Algeria ...................................4.2
Benin .....................................4.2
Bangladesh............................4.2
Moldova.................................4.2
Burkina Faso..........................4.2
Cameroon..............................4.2
Nigeria ...................................4.2
Bosnia and Herzegovina........4.2
Serbia ....................................4.2
Mauritania..............................4.2
Mongolia................................4.2
Tajikistan ................................4.2
Paraguay................................4.2
Russian Federation................4.2
Iran, Islamic Rep....................4.1
Mali........................................4.1
Lesotho .................................4.1
Syria.......................................4.0
Armenia .................................3.9
Nepal .....................................3.9
Ethiopia..................................3.9
Nicaragua...............................3.9
Bolivia ....................................3.8
Tanzania .................................3.8
Zimbabwe..............................3.6
Swaziland ..............................3.6
Kyrgyz Republic .....................3.5
Timor-Leste............................3.5
Burundi ..................................3.5
Angola ...................................3.4
Chad ......................................3.3
MEAN: 5.1
9.02
To what extent do businesses in your country absorb new technology? [1 = not at all; 7 = aggressively absorb] | 200910 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.9
Iceland ...................................6.5
Sweden .................................6.4
Japan .....................................6.3
Switzerland ............................6.3
United Arab Emirates ............6.2
Norway ..................................6.2
Israel......................................6.1
Qatar......................................6.1
Korea, Rep.............................6.1
Taiwan, China ........................6.1
United States.........................6.0
Finland ...................................6.0
Denmark................................6.0
Germany................................6.0
Singapore ..............................6.0
Austria ...................................6.0
New Zealand .........................5.9
Hong Kong SAR ....................5.9
Australia.................................5.9
Luxembourg ..........................5.7
United Kingdom.....................5.7
Canada...................................5.6
France....................................5.6
Puerto Rico............................5.6
Netherlands ...........................5.6
Saudi Arabia...........................5.6
Portugal .................................5.6
Belgium .................................5.5
Jordan....................................5.5
Malaysia ................................5.5
Malta .....................................5.5
Ireland....................................5.5
Tunisia....................................5.4
Barbados ...............................5.4
South Africa...........................5.4
Czech Republic......................5.4
Chile ......................................5.3
Kuwait ...................................5.3
India.......................................5.3
Senegal..................................5.3
Panama..................................5.3
Estonia...................................5.3
Cyprus ...................................5.3
Guatemala .............................5.2
Namibia .................................5.2
Brazil ......................................5.2
Sri Lanka................................5.2
Bahrain ..................................5.2
Spain......................................5.2
Costa Rica .............................5.1
Turkey ....................................5.1
Oman.....................................5.1
Rwanda .................................5.1
Mauritius ...............................5.1
Slovak Republic .....................5.0
Lithuania ................................5.0
Dominican Republic...............5.0
Egypt .....................................5.0
Philippines .............................5.0
Vietnam .................................5.0
China .....................................4.9
Azerbaijan ..............................4.9
Cape Verde ............................4.9
Cte dIvoire ..........................4.9
Indonesia ...............................4.9
Thailand .................................4.9
Kenya.....................................4.9
Lebanon.................................4.8
Gambia, The ..........................4.8
Hungary .................................4.8
RANK
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.9
465
466
9.03
To what extent does foreign direct investment (FDI) bring new technology into your country? [1 = not at all; 7 = FDI is a key source of new
technology] | 200910 weighted average
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.6
Ireland....................................6.3
Qatar......................................6.0
Singapore ..............................6.0
Costa Rica .............................5.7
Slovak Republic .....................5.7
United Arab Emirates ............5.7
Panama..................................5.6
Luxembourg ..........................5.5
Saudi Arabia...........................5.5
Hong Kong SAR ....................5.4
Bahrain ..................................5.4
Uruguay .................................5.4
Tunisia....................................5.3
Portugal .................................5.3
Czech Republic......................5.3
Malaysia ................................5.3
United Kingdom.....................5.3
Mozambique..........................5.2
Belgium .................................5.2
Chile ......................................5.2
Malta .....................................5.2
Australia.................................5.2
Brazil ......................................5.2
Sweden .................................5.2
Hungary .................................5.2
Israel ......................................5.2
Taiwan, China ........................5.1
India.......................................5.1
Canada...................................5.1
Barbados ...............................5.1
Vietnam .................................5.1
Mexico...................................5.0
Netherlands ...........................5.0
Thailand .................................5.0
Poland....................................5.0
Jordan....................................5.0
South Africa...........................5.0
Cambodia ..............................5.0
Uganda ..................................5.0
Estonia...................................5.0
Trinidad and Tobago...............5.0
Peru .......................................5.0
Denmark ................................5.0
Montenegro...........................5.0
Morocco ................................5.0
Switzerland ............................5.0
Namibia .................................5.0
Rwanda .................................5.0
Sri Lanka................................4.9
Dominican Republic...............4.9
France....................................4.9
Oman.....................................4.9
Egypt .....................................4.9
Indonesia ...............................4.9
United States.........................4.9
Mauritius ...............................4.9
Spain......................................4.9
Colombia ...............................4.9
New Zealand .........................4.9
Puerto Rico............................4.9
Guatemala .............................4.9
Lithuania ................................4.8
Austria ...................................4.8
Turkey ....................................4.8
Azerbaijan ..............................4.8
Gambia, The ..........................4.7
Honduras ...............................4.7
Japan .....................................4.7
Cape Verde ............................4.7
Romania ................................4.7
RANK
71
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125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Zambia...................................4.7
Angola ...................................4.7
El Salvador.............................4.7
Albania...................................4.6
Cyprus ...................................4.6
Norway ..................................4.6
Kenya.....................................4.6
Cte dIvoire ..........................4.6
Armenia .................................4.6
China .....................................4.6
Botswana ..............................4.6
Iceland ...................................4.5
Ghana ....................................4.5
Senegal..................................4.5
Germany................................4.5
Korea, Rep.............................4.5
Brunei Darussalam ................4.4
Philippines .............................4.4
Nigeria ...................................4.4
Jamaica .................................4.4
Malawi ...................................4.3
Georgia ..................................4.3
Finland ...................................4.3
Latvia .....................................4.3
Tanzania .................................4.3
Mongolia................................4.3
Madagascar ...........................4.2
Bulgaria..................................4.2
Cameroon..............................4.2
Pakistan .................................4.2
Slovenia .................................4.2
Bosnia and Herzegovina........4.2
Benin .....................................4.1
Burkina Faso..........................4.1
Macedonia, FYR ....................4.1
Bangladesh............................4.1
Ethiopia..................................4.1
Kazakhstan ............................4.1
Greece...................................4.1
Moldova.................................4.0
Croatia ...................................4.0
Italy........................................4.0
Serbia ....................................4.0
Iran, Islamic Rep....................4.0
Argentina ...............................3.9
Guyana ..................................3.9
Lebanon.................................3.9
Nicaragua...............................3.9
Mali........................................3.9
Russian Federation................3.9
Syria.......................................3.8
Lesotho .................................3.8
Tajikistan ................................3.8
Ukraine ..................................3.8
Venezuela ..............................3.7
Burundi ..................................3.7
Libya ......................................3.7
Nepal .....................................3.7
Algeria ...................................3.6
Paraguay................................3.6
Ecuador .................................3.6
Chad ......................................3.5
Timor-Leste............................3.5
Kuwait ...................................3.4
Bolivia ....................................3.4
Zimbabwe..............................3.3
Mauritania..............................3.3
Swaziland ..............................3.3
Kyrgyz Republic .....................3.1
MEAN: 4.6
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62
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69
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RANK
Iceland ....................................93.5
Norway ...................................92.1
Sweden...................................90.8
Netherlands ............................89.6
Luxembourg............................87.3
Denmark .................................86.8
New Zealand...........................84.4
Finland ....................................84.1
United Kingdom ......................83.6
United Arab Emirates .............82.2
Bahrain....................................82.0
Korea, Rep. .............................81.6
Brunei Darussalam .................79.8
Germany .................................79.3
Canada ....................................78.1
Singapore................................77.2
United States ..........................76.2
Belgium...................................76.2
Slovak Republic ......................75.2
Australia ..................................74.0
Japan ......................................74.0
Barbados1 ...............................73.7
Austria.....................................73.5
Switzerland .............................72.4
Estonia ....................................72.4
France .....................................71.6
Taiwan, China..........................69.8
Ireland .....................................67.4
Latvia ......................................66.8
Czech Republic .......................64.4
Slovenia ..................................64.3
Spain .......................................62.6
Hungary ..................................61.8
Hong Kong SAR......................61.2
Lithuania .................................59.8
Poland .....................................59.0
Malta.......................................58.9
Jamaica...................................58.2
Malaysia..................................57.6
Croatia.....................................56.5
Uruguay ..................................55.2
Macedonia, FYR .....................51.8
Israel .......................................51.6
Cyprus.....................................49.8
Italy .........................................48.8
Portugal...................................48.3
Colombia.................................45.5
Bulgaria ...................................45.0
Montenegro ............................44.9
Greece ....................................44.5
Oman ......................................43.5
Russian Federation .................42.4
Azerbaijan ...............................41.8
Serbia......................................41.7
Albania ....................................41.2
Kyrgyz Republic ......................40.0
Brazil .......................................38.7
Saudi Arabia ............................38.1
Bosnia and Herzegovina .........37.7
Iran, Islamic Rep. ....................37.6
Kuwait.....................................36.9
Romania..................................36.6
Trinidad and Tobago ................36.2
Moldova ..................................35.9
Turkey .....................................35.3
Costa Rica...............................34.5
Tunisia .....................................34.1
Chile........................................34.0
Kazakhstan..............................33.9
Ukraine....................................33.5
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Morocco..................................32.2
Venezuela................................30.9
Georgia ...................................30.5
Argentina ................................30.4
Cape Verde .............................29.7
Guyana....................................28.9
China.......................................28.5
Nigeria.....................................28.4
Qatar .......................................28.3
Panama ...................................27.8
Peru ........................................27.7
Jordan .....................................27.6
Vietnam...................................27.3
Dominican Republic ................26.8
Mexico ....................................25.9
Thailand...................................25.8
Puerto Rico .............................25.1
Lebanon ..................................23.7
Mauritius.................................22.5
Egypt.......................................20.0
Syria ........................................18.0
Guatemala...............................16.3
Paraguay .................................15.8
Ecuador...................................15.1
El Salvador ..............................14.4
Algeria.....................................13.5
Honduras ................................13.4
Mongolia .................................13.1
Zimbabwe ...............................11.4
Pakistan ..................................11.3
Bolivia .....................................11.2
Tajikistan .................................10.1
Kenya ......................................10.0
Uganda......................................9.8
South Africa ..............................8.8
Sri Lanka ...................................8.8
Indonesia ..................................8.7
Gambia, The .............................7.6
Swaziland..................................7.6
Senegal .....................................7.4
Armenia ....................................6.8
Philippines.................................6.5
Zambia ......................................6.3
Botswana..................................6.2
Namibia.....................................5.9
Libya .........................................5.5
Ghana........................................5.4
India ..........................................5.1
Malawi ......................................4.7
Cte dIvoire .............................4.6
Rwanda.....................................4.5
Cameroon .................................3.8
Lesotho.....................................3.7
Nicaragua ..................................3.5
Angola.......................................3.3
Mozambique .............................2.7
Mauritania .................................2.3
Benin.........................................2.2
Nepal.........................................2.1
Mali ...........................................1.9
Chad..........................................1.7
Madagascar ..............................1.6
Tanzania ....................................1.5
Burkina Faso .............................1.1
Burundi .....................................0.8
Ethiopia .....................................0.5
Cambodia..................................0.5
Bangladesh ...............................0.4
Timor-Leste ...............................0.2
SOURCES: International Telecommunication Union, World Telecommunication/ICT Indicators (June 2010 edition); The World Bank, Data Catalog
467
468
9.05
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RANK
Sweden...................................41.1
Denmark .................................37.9
Norway ...................................37.3
Netherlands ............................35.6
Switzerland .............................34.6
Korea, Rep. .............................33.8
Iceland ....................................33.2
Luxembourg............................32.9
France .....................................31.1
Germany .................................30.4
United Kingdom ......................29.8
Canada ....................................29.7
Belgium...................................29.4
Finland ....................................29.4
Hong Kong SAR......................29.3
United States ..........................27.1
Israel .......................................25.8
Australia ..................................25.4
Estonia ....................................25.3
Japan ......................................24.9
Malta.......................................24.4
Singapore................................23.7
Slovenia ..................................23.1
New Zealand...........................23.0
Austria.....................................22.5
Barbados.................................22.4
Taiwan, China..........................21.6
Ireland .....................................21.6
Spain .......................................21.5
Bahrain....................................20.8
Cyprus.....................................20.2
Italy .........................................19.7
Czech Republic .......................19.5
Lithuania .................................19.3
Hungary ..................................18.8
Portugal...................................17.4
Greece ....................................17.2
Croatia.....................................15.5
United Arab Emirates .............15.0
Slovak Republic ......................14.4
Montenegro ............................14.1
Poland .....................................13.6
Romania..................................13.2
Bulgaria ...................................13.0
Latvia ......................................11.5
Puerto Rico1 ...........................10.8
Macedonia, FYR .....................10.6
Chile..........................................9.8
Qatar .........................................9.2
Russian Federation ...................9.2
Mexico ......................................9.1
Argentina ..................................8.8
Kazakhstan................................8.7
Turkey .......................................8.5
Trinidad and Tobago ..................7.8
Bosnia and Herzegovina ...........7.8
China.........................................7.7
Brazil .........................................7.5
Uruguay1...................................7.3
Mauritius...................................7.2
Venezuela..................................6.5
Malaysia....................................6.1
Costa Rica.................................6.0
Serbia........................................6.0
Panama .....................................5.8
Saudi Arabia ..............................5.6
Lebanon ....................................5.3
Moldova ....................................5.2
Brunei Darussalam ...................5.0
Colombia...................................4.6
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
138
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Ukraine......................................4.2
Jamaica.....................................4.1
Dominican Republic ..................3.9
Tunisia .......................................3.6
Georgia .....................................3.5
Jordan .......................................3.2
Vietnam.....................................3.0
Bolivia .......................................2.9
Albania ......................................2.9
Peru ..........................................2.8
El Salvador ................................2.4
Algeria.......................................2.3
Paraguay ...................................2.2
Philippines.................................1.9
Ecuador.....................................1.8
Kuwait.......................................1.5
Morocco....................................1.5
Thailand.....................................1.5
Oman ........................................1.4
Cape Verde ...............................1.4
Egypt.........................................1.3
Azerbaijan .................................1.1
South Africa ..............................1.0
Mongolia ...................................0.9
Sri Lanka ...................................0.8
Nicaragua ..................................0.8
Guatemala.................................0.8
Botswana..................................0.8
Indonesia ..................................0.7
India ..........................................0.6
Iran, Islamic Rep. ......................0.5
Senegal .....................................0.5
Pakistan ....................................0.3
Mauritania .................................0.3
Guyana......................................0.3
Nepal.........................................0.3
Cambodia..................................0.2
Armenia ....................................0.2
Syria ..........................................0.2
Libya .........................................0.2
Zimbabwe .................................0.1
Swaziland..................................0.1
Ghana........................................0.1
Angola.......................................0.1
Kyrgyz Republic ........................0.1
Rwanda.....................................0.1
Mali ...........................................0.1
Zambia ......................................0.1
Mozambique .............................0.1
Tajikistan1 .................................0.1
Nigeria.......................................0.1
Cte dIvoire .............................0.0
Burkina Faso .............................0.0
Bangladesh ...............................0.0
Malawi ......................................0.0
Madagascar ..............................0.0
Kenya ........................................0.0
Benin.........................................0.0
Namibia.....................................0.0
Lesotho.....................................0.0
Uganda......................................0.0
Gambia, The .............................0.0
Tanzania1 ..................................0.0
Timor-Leste ...............................0.0
Cameroon .................................0.0
Ethiopia .....................................0.0
Burundi .....................................0.0
Chad1 ........................................0.0
Honduras1.................................0.0
SOURCE: International Telecommunication Union, World Telecommunication/ICT Indicators (June 2010 edition)
1 2008
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SCORE
RANK
Luxembourg.....................72,825.3
Hong Kong SAR.................5,595.2
Netherlands ..........................777.9
Iceland ..................................619.8
Sweden.................................497.7
United Kingdom ....................397.2
Bulgaria .................................378.1
Denmark ...............................346.1
Switzerland ...........................295.6
France ...................................294.6
Norway .................................268.4
Germany ...............................256.3
Belgium.................................251.7
Singapore..............................233.1
Austria...................................203.1
Romania................................184.5
Finland ..................................172.4
Canada ..................................162.1
Panama .................................159.6
Croatia...................................159.3
Ireland ...................................152.7
Lithuania ...............................145.3
Taiwan, China........................143.4
Barbados...............................139.9
United Arab Emirates ...........132.3
Italy .......................................130.4
Estonia ..................................126.7
Spain .....................................112.1
United States ........................110.2
Serbia......................................94.1
Trinidad and Tobago ................79.2
Malta.......................................76.3
Slovak Republic ......................75.8
Czech Republic .......................71.2
Slovenia ..................................67.5
Moldova ..................................66.6
Korea, Rep. .............................61.2
Hungary ..................................60.0
Japan ......................................57.9
Australia ..................................55.1
Malaysia..................................51.0
Portugal...................................47.8
New Zealand...........................45.8
Greece ....................................45.7
Costa Rica...............................43.3
Turkey .....................................43.2
Chile........................................40.8
Latvia ......................................35.5
Colombia.................................29.4
Mongolia .................................29.2
Poland .....................................27.5
Tunisia .....................................27.4
Peru ........................................26.5
Bahrain....................................25.2
Argentina ................................23.2
Brazil .......................................21.1
Israel .......................................20.7
Qatar .......................................20.4
Albania ....................................19.0
Puerto Rico .............................17.6
Saudi Arabia ............................17.1
Jordan .....................................17.1
Cyprus.....................................16.0
Morocco..................................16.0
Brunei Darussalam .................15.8
Azerbaijan ...............................13.9
Dominican Republic ................13.9
Oman ......................................13.7
Kazakhstan..............................13.6
Montenegro ............................12.1
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
n/a
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
SOURCES: International Telecommunication Union, World Telecommunication/ICT Indicators (June 2010 edition); national sources
1 2010
469
Data Tables
Section X
Market size
471
472
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SCORE
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
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102
103
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106
107
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109
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111
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120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Croatia.......................................3.4
Angola.......................................3.4
Guatemala.................................3.4
Kenya ........................................3.4
Libya .........................................3.4
Lebanon ....................................3.3
Oman ........................................3.3
Tanzania ....................................3.2
Lithuania ...................................3.2
Slovenia ....................................3.2
El Salvador ................................3.1
Costa Rica.................................3.1
Ghana........................................3.1
Azerbaijan .................................3.1
Jordan .......................................3.1
Uruguay ....................................3.0
Uganda......................................3.0
Cameroon .................................3.0
Bolivia .......................................3.0
Nepal.........................................3.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina ...........2.9
Honduras ..................................2.9
Panama .....................................2.9
Cte dIvoire .............................2.8
Latvia ........................................2.8
Cambodia..................................2.8
Jamaica.....................................2.8
Paraguay ...................................2.8
Albania ......................................2.7
Senegal .....................................2.7
Botswana..................................2.7
Georgia .....................................2.7
Luxembourg..............................2.7
Cyprus.......................................2.6
Madagascar ..............................2.6
Bahrain......................................2.6
Estonia ......................................2.6
Macedonia, FYR .......................2.6
Mozambique .............................2.5
Nicaragua ..................................2.5
Armenia ....................................2.5
Burkina Faso .............................2.5
Tajikistan ...................................2.5
Zambia ......................................2.4
Trinidad and Tobago ..................2.4
Mauritius...................................2.4
Mali ...........................................2.4
Namibia.....................................2.3
Malawi ......................................2.3
Kyrgyz Republic ........................2.3
Benin.........................................2.3
Moldova ....................................2.2
Chad..........................................2.2
Rwanda.....................................2.2
Iceland ......................................2.1
Brunei Darussalam ...................2.1
Mongolia ...................................2.1
Malta.........................................2.0
Montenegro ..............................1.9
Mauritania .................................1.8
Guyana......................................1.7
Barbados...................................1.7
Swaziland..................................1.6
Zimbabwe .................................1.5
Timor-Leste ...............................1.5
Lesotho.....................................1.4
Burundi .....................................1.4
Gambia, The .............................1.1
Cape Verde ...............................1.0
SOURCE: Authors calculation. For more details please refer to Appendix A in Chapter 1.1 of this Report.
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33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
SCORE
RANK
China.........................................7.0
United States ............................6.7
Germany ...................................6.5
India ..........................................6.2
Korea, Rep. ...............................6.2
United Kingdom ........................6.1
Russian Federation ...................6.1
Hong Kong SAR........................6.1
Japan ........................................6.0
France .......................................6.0
Singapore..................................6.0
Taiwan, China............................5.9
Netherlands ..............................5.9
Italy ...........................................5.9
Mexico ......................................5.9
Malaysia....................................5.8
Thailand.....................................5.8
Canada ......................................5.8
Spain .........................................5.7
Saudi Arabia ..............................5.7
Belgium.....................................5.6
Poland .......................................5.6
Indonesia ..................................5.5
Brazil .........................................5.5
Iran, Islamic Rep. ......................5.5
Turkey .......................................5.4
Egypt.........................................5.3
Czech Republic .........................5.3
Vietnam.....................................5.3
Australia ....................................5.3
Sweden.....................................5.3
Austria.......................................5.3
Ireland .......................................5.3
Switzerland ...............................5.3
Hungary ....................................5.2
South Africa ..............................5.2
Ukraine......................................5.2
United Arab Emirates ...............5.1
Argentina ..................................5.1
Nigeria.......................................5.1
Algeria.......................................5.0
Norway .....................................5.0
Philippines.................................5.0
Denmark ...................................4.9
Chile..........................................4.9
Kazakhstan................................4.9
Slovak Republic ........................4.8
Puerto Rico ...............................4.8
Romania....................................4.8
Israel .........................................4.8
Angola.......................................4.7
Colombia...................................4.7
Portugal.....................................4.7
Finland ......................................4.7
Venezuela..................................4.7
Kuwait.......................................4.7
Greece ......................................4.7
Luxembourg..............................4.7
Peru ..........................................4.7
Azerbaijan .................................4.6
Pakistan ....................................4.6
Bangladesh ...............................4.5
Libya .........................................4.5
Qatar .........................................4.5
Bulgaria .....................................4.5
Oman ........................................4.4
Tunisia .......................................4.4
Morocco....................................4.4
Slovenia ....................................4.3
New Zealand.............................4.3
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Lithuania ...................................4.3
Ecuador.....................................4.2
Syria ..........................................4.2
Panama .....................................4.2
Croatia.......................................4.2
Costa Rica.................................4.0
Bahrain......................................4.0
Sri Lanka ...................................4.0
Trinidad and Tobago ..................3.9
Dominican Republic ..................3.9
Bolivia .......................................3.9
Jordan .......................................3.9
Kenya ........................................3.9
Estonia ......................................3.8
Serbia........................................3.8
Cte dIvoire .............................3.8
Guatemala.................................3.8
Ghana........................................3.8
Tanzania ....................................3.8
Brunei Darussalam ...................3.7
Honduras ..................................3.7
Latvia ........................................3.7
Paraguay ...................................3.7
Uruguay ....................................3.6
Cambodia..................................3.6
Lebanon ....................................3.6
Bosnia and Herzegovina ...........3.6
Macedonia, FYR .......................3.5
El Salvador ................................3.5
Cyprus.......................................3.4
Cameroon .................................3.4
Botswana..................................3.4
Uganda......................................3.4
Jamaica.....................................3.4
Mauritius...................................3.3
Malta.........................................3.3
Ethiopia .....................................3.3
Chad..........................................3.3
Kyrgyz Republic ........................3.3
Zambia ......................................3.3
Namibia.....................................3.2
Iceland ......................................3.2
Mongolia ...................................3.2
Nicaragua ..................................3.2
Georgia .....................................3.2
Albania ......................................3.1
Senegal .....................................3.1
Mali ...........................................2.9
Mozambique .............................2.9
Swaziland..................................2.9
Madagascar ..............................2.9
Moldova ....................................2.9
Nepal.........................................2.9
Guyana......................................2.8
Mauritania .................................2.8
Zimbabwe .................................2.7
Montenegro ..............................2.7
Barbados...................................2.6
Armenia ....................................2.5
Benin.........................................2.4
Burkina Faso .............................2.4
Malawi ......................................2.2
Lesotho.....................................2.1
Rwanda.....................................1.9
Tajikistan ...................................1.8
Gambia, The .............................1.8
Cape Verde ...............................1.3
Burundi .....................................1.1
Timor-Leste ...............................1.0
SOURCE: Authors calculation. For more details please refer to Appendix A in Chapter 1.1 of this Report.
473
474
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
SCORE
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Ethiopia ...................................79.0
Croatia.....................................78.5
Serbia......................................78.5
Oman ......................................74.4
Puerto Rico .............................67.9
Guatemala...............................67.8
Kenya ......................................62.1
Tanzania ..................................57.4
Slovenia ..................................55.7
Lithuania .................................55.2
Lebanon ..................................54.9
Costa Rica...............................48.9
Bolivia .....................................45.6
Uruguay ..................................44.0
El Salvador ..............................42.9
Cameroon ...............................42.8
Panama ...................................40.8
Uganda....................................39.7
Luxembourg............................38.8
Ghana......................................35.8
Cte dIvoire ...........................35.8
Jordan .....................................33.7
Nepal.......................................33.6
Honduras ................................32.5
Latvia ......................................32.2
Bosnia and Herzegovina .........29.5
Paraguay .................................28.5
Bahrain....................................28.1
Cambodia................................28.1
Trinidad and Tobago ................25.9
Botswana................................25.4
Estonia ....................................24.0
Jamaica...................................23.8
Albania ....................................22.8
Cyprus.....................................22.7
Senegal ...................................22.3
Georgia ...................................20.9
Mozambique ...........................19.8
Brunei Darussalam .................19.7
Madagascar ............................19.4
Macedonia, FYR .....................18.9
Burkina Faso ...........................18.7
Zambia ....................................18.5
Nicaragua ................................16.6
Armenia ..................................16.2
Chad........................................16.1
Mauritius.................................16.1
Mali .........................................16.0
Namibia...................................13.8
Tajikistan .................................13.7
Benin.......................................13.6
Malawi ....................................12.3
Iceland ....................................12.1
Kyrgyz Republic ......................12.1
Rwanda...................................11.3
Moldova ..................................10.1
Malta.........................................9.8
Mongolia ...................................9.4
Montenegro ..............................6.5
Mauritania .................................6.3
Swaziland..................................5.9
Guyana......................................5.1
Barbados...................................5.0
Zimbabwe .................................4.2
Burundi .....................................3.2
Lesotho.....................................3.0
Timor-Leste ...............................2.7
Gambia, The .............................2.4
Cape Verde ...............................1.8
SOURCES: International Monetary Fund, World Economic Outlook Database (April 2010); national sources
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
66
68
69
70
SCORE
RANK
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
78
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
97
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Morocco..................................39.3
Poland .....................................39.0
Serbia......................................38.3
Armenia ..................................38.2
Botswana................................38.0
Cte dIvoire ...........................37.3
Romania..................................37.2
Kazakhstan..............................36.9
Zambia ....................................36.9
El Salvador ..............................36.9
Germany .................................36.0
Portugal...................................35.8
Dominican Republic ................34.1
Egypt.......................................33.8
Finland ....................................33.4
Bolivia .....................................33.0
Guatemala...............................32.6
Israel .......................................32.4
Malawi ....................................32.2
Syria ........................................31.8
Qatar .......................................31.4
Philippines...............................30.5
Bangladesh .............................30.5
Canada ....................................30.4
Chile........................................30.4
Tanzania ..................................30.3
Ecuador...................................30.2
Nepal.......................................30.2
United Kingdom ......................30.2
Libya .......................................30.0
Uganda....................................29.8
Mexico ....................................29.3
Greece ....................................28.5
Sri Lanka .................................28.5
Uruguay ..................................28.2
Mali .........................................28.0
South Africa ............................28.0
Norway ...................................27.3
Mozambique ...........................27.2
New Zealand...........................27.1
Burundi ...................................26.5
Spain .......................................25.7
Brunei Darussalam .................25.7
India ........................................25.3
France .....................................25.0
Kuwait.....................................24.4
Turkey .....................................24.3
Italy .........................................24.3
Chad........................................23.9
Benin.......................................23.2
Algeria.....................................22.9
China.......................................22.7
Azerbaijan ...............................21.7
Indonesia ................................21.3
Cameroon ...............................21.1
Russian Federation .................20.5
Venezuela................................20.5
Peru ........................................20.4
Australia ..................................20.4
Pakistan ..................................20.4
Colombia.................................20.0
Rwanda...................................19.5
Ethiopia ...................................19.1
Iran, Islamic Rep. ....................17.5
Burkina Faso ...........................16.8
Argentina ................................16.0
United States ..........................13.7
Japan ......................................12.2
Brazil .......................................11.3
SOURCES: Economist Intelligence Unit, CountryData Database (retrieved July 1, 2010); The World Bank, Data Catalog (retrieved July 13, 2010); national
sources
1 2007
2 2008
475
476
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
47
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
69
SCORE
RANK
Singapore..............................196.9
Hong Kong SAR....................193.8
Luxembourg..........................160.3
Puerto Rico ...........................118.5
Malaysia..................................96.9
Ireland .....................................90.8
Hungary ..................................77.9
Bahrain....................................74.4
Belgium...................................73.5
United Arab Emirates .............72.6
Malta.......................................72.6
Trinidad and Tobago ................72.1
Estonia ....................................70.6
Brunei Darussalam .................70.3
Slovak Republic ......................70.1
Zimbabwe ...............................69.9
Panama ...................................69.6
Czech Republic .......................69.5
Netherlands ............................69.3
Thailand...................................68.4
Vietnam...................................68.3
Swaziland................................66.6
Azerbaijan ...............................66.1
Angola.....................................65.6
Mongolia .................................63.1
Taiwan, China..........................62.6
Guyana....................................60.7
Slovenia ..................................58.9
Lithuania .................................58.0
Oman ......................................57.7
Kyrgyz Republic ......................56.2
Saudi Arabia ............................52.7
Iceland ....................................52.3
Macedonia, FYR .....................52.1
Jordan .....................................50.9
Barbados.................................50.6
Libya .......................................50.3
Switzerland .............................50.3
Bulgaria ...................................50.0
Korea, Rep. .............................49.9
Austria.....................................49.6
Sweden...................................48.8
Mauritania ...............................48.8
Tunisia .....................................48.6
Denmark .................................47.2
Mauritius.................................47.1
Kuwait.....................................47.0
Paraguay .................................47.0
Namibia...................................46.6
Ukraine....................................46.3
Kazakhstan..............................45.9
Algeria.....................................45.6
Cte dIvoire ...........................44.7
Qatar .......................................44.1
Cambodia................................43.7
Chad........................................43.2
Costa Rica...............................42.9
Honduras ................................42.3
Latvia ......................................42.2
Norway ...................................42.0
Ghana......................................41.3
Germany .................................40.7
Montenegro1 ..........................40.3
Cyprus.....................................39.4
Poland .....................................39.0
Bolivia .....................................38.8
Chile........................................38.1
Egypt.......................................37.8
Lesotho...................................36.8
Moldova ..................................36.8
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
88
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
96
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
SOURCES: Economist Intelligence Unit, CountryData Database (retrieved July 1, 2010); The World Bank, Data Catalog (retrieved July 14, 2010); national
sources
1 2008
Data Tables
Section XI
Business sophistication
477
478
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.7
Japan .....................................6.4
Qatar......................................6.2
Germany ................................6.0
Taiwan, China ........................5.8
Saudi Arabia...........................5.7
Switzerland ............................5.7
India.......................................5.7
Austria ...................................5.7
Brazil ......................................5.7
Belgium .................................5.6
United States.........................5.6
Netherlands ...........................5.6
Italy ........................................5.6
Tunisia....................................5.5
Spain......................................5.5
Malta .....................................5.5
France....................................5.5
Poland....................................5.4
China .....................................5.4
Canada...................................5.4
United Arab Emirates ............5.4
Czech Republic......................5.4
United Kingdom.....................5.4
Lebanon.................................5.4
Korea, Rep.............................5.3
Thailand .................................5.3
Turkey ....................................5.3
Sweden .................................5.3
Malaysia ................................5.3
Nigeria ...................................5.2
Israel ......................................5.2
Kuwait ...................................5.2
Guatemala .............................5.2
Hong Kong SAR ....................5.2
South Africa...........................5.1
Egypt .....................................5.1
Australia.................................5.1
Denmark ................................5.1
Slovak Republic .....................5.1
Trinidad and Tobago...............5.0
Portugal .................................5.0
Mauritania..............................5.0
Indonesia ...............................5.0
Costa Rica .............................5.0
Lithuania ................................5.0
Panama..................................5.0
Slovenia .................................5.0
Puerto Rico............................5.0
Uganda ..................................5.0
Colombia ...............................5.0
Norway ..................................5.0
Morocco ................................5.0
Cyprus ...................................5.0
Peru .......................................4.9
Sri Lanka................................4.9
Iran, Islamic Rep....................4.9
Kenya.....................................4.9
Chile ......................................4.9
Algeria ...................................4.9
Jordan....................................4.9
Vietnam .................................4.9
Ireland....................................4.9
Singapore ..............................4.8
Dominican Republic...............4.8
Gambia, The ..........................4.8
Macedonia, FYR ....................4.8
Syria.......................................4.8
Philippines .............................4.8
Greece...................................4.8
El Salvador.............................4.8
RANK
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Mexico...................................4.7
Bulgaria..................................4.7
Hungary .................................4.7
Oman.....................................4.7
Mauritius ...............................4.7
Senegal..................................4.7
New Zealand .........................4.7
Madagascar ...........................4.6
Guyana ..................................4.6
Finland ...................................4.6
Cte dIvoire ..........................4.6
Zambia...................................4.6
Ghana ....................................4.6
Malawi ...................................4.6
Argentina ...............................4.6
Serbia ....................................4.5
Pakistan .................................4.5
Cameroon..............................4.5
Iceland ...................................4.5
Bangladesh............................4.5
Ukraine ..................................4.5
Honduras ...............................4.4
Romania ................................4.4
Estonia...................................4.4
Azerbaijan ..............................4.4
Burkina Faso..........................4.4
Barbados ...............................4.4
Brunei Darussalam ................4.3
Croatia ...................................4.3
Chad ......................................4.3
Montenegro...........................4.3
Burundi ..................................4.3
Russian Federation................4.3
Mali........................................4.3
Libya ......................................4.3
Benin .....................................4.2
Bosnia and Herzegovina........4.2
Luxembourg ..........................4.2
Tanzania .................................4.2
Armenia .................................4.2
Jamaica .................................4.2
Albania...................................4.2
Kazakhstan ............................4.2
Paraguay................................4.1
Bahrain ..................................4.1
Bolivia ....................................4.1
Ecuador .................................4.1
Ethiopia..................................4.1
Botswana ..............................4.1
Mozambique..........................4.1
Nepal .....................................4.1
Moldova.................................4.0
Zimbabwe..............................4.0
Uruguay .................................4.0
Swaziland ..............................4.0
Tajikistan ................................4.0
Namibia .................................4.0
Cape Verde ............................3.9
Cambodia ..............................3.9
Latvia .....................................3.9
Mongolia................................3.8
Nicaragua...............................3.8
Kyrgyz Republic .....................3.7
Timor-Leste............................3.7
Lesotho .................................3.6
Rwanda .................................3.6
Georgia ..................................3.6
Venezuela ..............................3.3
Angola ...................................2.5
MEAN: 4.7
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.5
Austria ...................................6.3
Switzerland ............................6.2
Germany................................6.2
Japan .....................................6.2
Sweden .................................6.0
Belgium .................................5.9
Canada...................................5.8
Netherlands ...........................5.8
Qatar......................................5.7
France....................................5.7
Taiwan, China ........................5.7
Norway ..................................5.6
Denmark................................5.6
United States.........................5.6
New Zealand .........................5.5
Australia.................................5.5
Czech Republic......................5.4
Puerto Rico............................5.4
Finland ...................................5.4
Hong Kong SAR ....................5.4
Israel......................................5.4
South Africa...........................5.3
Ireland....................................5.3
Saudi Arabia...........................5.3
Iceland ...................................5.3
Spain......................................5.2
Chile ......................................5.2
Costa Rica .............................5.2
Brazil ......................................5.2
United Kingdom.....................5.2
Luxembourg ..........................5.2
Slovenia .................................5.2
Korea, Rep.............................5.2
Cyprus ...................................5.1
Italy........................................5.1
Estonia...................................5.1
Malaysia ................................5.1
United Arab Emirates ............5.1
Singapore ..............................5.1
Guatemala .............................5.0
Poland....................................5.0
Colombia ...............................5.0
Thailand .................................5.0
Lithuania ................................5.0
Tunisia....................................4.9
Panama..................................4.9
Slovak Republic .....................4.9
Sri Lanka................................4.9
El Salvador.............................4.9
Oman.....................................4.8
Portugal .................................4.8
Lebanon.................................4.7
Latvia .....................................4.7
China .....................................4.7
Mexico...................................4.7
Barbados ...............................4.7
Malta .....................................4.7
Gambia, The ..........................4.7
Turkey ....................................4.6
India.......................................4.6
Indonesia ...............................4.6
Hungary .................................4.6
Trinidad and Tobago...............4.6
Peru .......................................4.6
Kuwait ...................................4.5
Mauritius ...............................4.5
Senegal..................................4.5
Greece...................................4.5
Kenya.....................................4.4
Philippines .............................4.4
RANK
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Bahrain ..................................4.4
Namibia .................................4.4
Uruguay .................................4.4
Argentina ...............................4.4
Brunei Darussalam ................4.4
Croatia ...................................4.4
Guyana ..................................4.4
Morocco ................................4.3
Cte dIvoire ..........................4.3
Montenegro...........................4.3
Benin .....................................4.3
Bulgaria..................................4.3
Macedonia, FYR ....................4.3
Jamaica .................................4.3
Dominican Republic...............4.2
Jordan....................................4.2
Bangladesh............................4.2
Honduras ...............................4.2
Egypt .....................................4.2
Uganda ..................................4.1
Vietnam .................................4.1
Swaziland ..............................4.1
Malawi ...................................4.1
Paraguay................................4.1
Pakistan .................................4.1
Romania ................................4.0
Kazakhstan ............................4.0
Zambia...................................4.0
Cameroon..............................4.0
Ukraine ..................................4.0
Nigeria ...................................4.0
Azerbaijan ..............................4.0
Nicaragua...............................3.9
Ecuador .................................3.9
Algeria ...................................3.9
Ghana ....................................3.9
Serbia ....................................3.9
Botswana ..............................3.9
Albania...................................3.9
Burkina Faso..........................3.9
Madagascar ...........................3.9
Bosnia and Herzegovina........3.9
Moldova.................................3.9
Russian Federation................3.8
Tanzania .................................3.8
Armenia .................................3.8
Rwanda .................................3.8
Bolivia ....................................3.7
Zimbabwe..............................3.7
Mali........................................3.7
Cambodia ..............................3.7
Kyrgyz Republic .....................3.7
Ethiopia..................................3.7
Syria.......................................3.7
Iran, Islamic Rep....................3.6
Tajikistan ................................3.6
Mozambique..........................3.6
Burundi ..................................3.6
Venezuela ..............................3.6
Cape Verde ............................3.5
Georgia ..................................3.4
Nepal .....................................3.4
Lesotho .................................3.4
Mongolia................................3.4
Chad ......................................3.3
Libya ......................................3.3
Mauritania..............................3.2
Timor-Leste............................3.0
Angola ...................................2.7
MEAN: 4.5
479
480
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 3.6
Italy ........................................5.5
Japan .....................................5.4
Taiwan, China ........................5.4
Switzerland ............................5.2
Singapore ..............................5.2
United States.........................5.1
Hong Kong SAR ....................5.1
Sweden .................................5.1
Finland ...................................5.1
United Kingdom.....................5.0
Canada...................................5.0
Germany ................................5.0
Vietnam .................................4.9
Bahrain ..................................4.8
Malaysia ................................4.8
Luxembourg ..........................4.8
China .....................................4.7
Norway ..................................4.7
Netherlands ...........................4.7
Denmark ................................4.6
Qatar......................................4.6
Austria ...................................4.6
Brazil ......................................4.5
Indonesia ...............................4.5
Korea, Rep.............................4.4
Belgium .................................4.3
Saudi Arabia...........................4.3
United Arab Emirates ............4.3
India.......................................4.2
France....................................4.2
Oman.....................................4.1
Ireland....................................4.1
Sri Lanka................................4.1
Thailand .................................4.1
Australia.................................4.1
Spain......................................4.1
Mauritius ...............................4.1
Chile ......................................4.1
South Africa...........................4.0
Colombia ...............................4.0
Czech Republic......................4.0
Guatemala .............................4.0
Kenya.....................................4.0
Cyprus ...................................4.0
Puerto Rico............................4.0
Pakistan .................................4.0
Panama..................................3.9
Nigeria ...................................3.8
Slovenia .................................3.8
Mexico...................................3.8
Cambodia ..............................3.8
Costa Rica .............................3.8
Bangladesh............................3.7
Portugal .................................3.7
Philippines .............................3.7
New Zealand .........................3.7
Malawi ...................................3.7
Malta .....................................3.7
Kuwait ...................................3.7
Iceland ...................................3.7
Turkey ....................................3.6
Argentina ...............................3.6
Dominican Republic...............3.6
Slovak Republic .....................3.6
Rwanda .................................3.6
Egypt .....................................3.5
Israel ......................................3.5
Tanzania .................................3.5
Morocco ................................3.4
Zambia...................................3.4
RANK
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Jordan....................................3.4
Lesotho .................................3.4
Brunei Darussalam ................3.4
Gambia, The ..........................3.4
Tunisia....................................3.4
Peru .......................................3.4
Honduras ...............................3.3
Lebanon.................................3.3
Jamaica .................................3.3
El Salvador.............................3.3
Namibia .................................3.3
Bosnia and Herzegovina........3.2
Uruguay .................................3.2
Trinidad and Tobago...............3.2
Kazakhstan ............................3.2
Nepal .....................................3.2
Russian Federation................3.2
Azerbaijan ..............................3.2
Nicaragua...............................3.1
Ghana ....................................3.1
Iran, Islamic Rep....................3.1
Estonia...................................3.1
Swaziland ..............................3.1
Timor-Leste............................3.0
Guyana ..................................3.0
Barbados ...............................3.0
Mali........................................3.0
Georgia ..................................3.0
Greece...................................2.9
Mozambique..........................2.9
Hungary .................................2.9
Syria.......................................2.9
Latvia .....................................2.9
Croatia ...................................2.9
Lithuania ................................2.9
Ukraine ..................................2.9
Macedonia, FYR ....................2.9
Poland....................................2.9
Botswana ..............................2.9
Ecuador .................................2.9
Bolivia ....................................2.8
Bulgaria..................................2.8
Romania ................................2.8
Ethiopia..................................2.8
Montenegro...........................2.8
Paraguay................................2.8
Senegal..................................2.8
Uganda ..................................2.8
Chad ......................................2.7
Zimbabwe..............................2.7
Kyrgyz Republic .....................2.6
Serbia ....................................2.6
Albania...................................2.6
Armenia .................................2.6
Madagascar ...........................2.6
Algeria ...................................2.5
Mongolia................................2.5
Tajikistan ................................2.5
Mauritania..............................2.4
Benin .....................................2.4
Cameroon..............................2.4
Venezuela ..............................2.4
Cte dIvoire ..........................2.4
Cape Verde ............................2.3
Moldova.................................2.3
Libya ......................................2.3
Angola ...................................2.2
Burundi ..................................2.2
Burkina Faso..........................1.9
MEAN: 3.6
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 3.6
Japan .....................................6.4
Switzerland ............................6.3
Germany................................6.3
Finland ...................................6.0
Sweden .................................6.0
Denmark................................5.9
Israel......................................5.8
Netherlands ...........................5.8
United Kingdom.....................5.7
Belgium .................................5.7
Italy........................................5.7
Luxembourg ..........................5.7
Austria ...................................5.7
Singapore ..............................5.6
France....................................5.5
Hong Kong SAR ....................5.5
Ireland....................................5.3
Korea, Rep.............................5.3
United States.........................5.2
Taiwan, China ........................5.1
Barbados ...............................5.1
Puerto Rico............................5.0
Cyprus ...................................4.6
United Arab Emirates ............4.6
Norway ..................................4.6
Lebanon.................................4.4
Costa Rica .............................4.4
Saudi Arabia...........................4.2
Slovenia .................................4.2
Malta .....................................4.2
Jamaica .................................4.2
Spain......................................4.1
Indonesia ...............................4.1
Malaysia ................................4.1
Egypt .....................................4.0
Azerbaijan ..............................3.9
Mauritius ...............................3.9
Iceland ...................................3.9
Armenia .................................3.9
Panama..................................3.9
Sri Lanka................................3.8
Czech Republic......................3.8
Lithuania ................................3.8
Tunisia....................................3.8
Portugal .................................3.8
Oman.....................................3.8
Montenegro...........................3.7
China .....................................3.7
Latvia .....................................3.6
Greece...................................3.6
Jordan....................................3.6
Kuwait ...................................3.6
Estonia...................................3.6
El Salvador.............................3.6
Gambia, The ..........................3.6
Canada...................................3.5
Poland....................................3.5
Qatar......................................3.5
Australia.................................3.4
Croatia ...................................3.4
India.......................................3.4
Cape Verde ............................3.4
Botswana ..............................3.4
Hungary .................................3.4
Kenya.....................................3.3
Nigeria ...................................3.3
Philippines .............................3.3
Turkey ....................................3.3
Rwanda .................................3.3
Thailand .................................3.3
RANK
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Senegal..................................3.3
Brunei Darussalam ................3.3
Morocco ................................3.3
New Zealand .........................3.2
Lesotho .................................3.2
Mongolia................................3.2
Cambodia ..............................3.2
Guyana ..................................3.2
Namibia .................................3.2
Bahrain ..................................3.1
Bulgaria..................................3.1
Georgia ..................................3.1
Colombia ...............................3.1
Pakistan .................................3.1
Mexico...................................3.1
Zambia...................................3.1
South Africa...........................3.0
Uruguay .................................3.0
Brazil ......................................3.0
Guatemala .............................3.0
Benin .....................................3.0
Chile ......................................3.0
Tanzania .................................3.0
Honduras ...............................3.0
Albania...................................3.0
Romania ................................2.9
Slovak Republic .....................2.9
Russian Federation................2.9
Ukraine ..................................2.9
Tajikistan ................................2.9
Timor-Leste............................2.9
Iran, Islamic Rep....................2.9
Chad ......................................2.8
Malawi ...................................2.8
Ghana ....................................2.8
Moldova.................................2.8
Mozambique..........................2.8
Uganda ..................................2.8
Peru .......................................2.8
Vietnam .................................2.8
Kyrgyz Republic .....................2.7
Kazakhstan ............................2.7
Dominican Republic...............2.7
Syria.......................................2.7
Angola ...................................2.7
Swaziland ..............................2.7
Trinidad and Tobago...............2.6
Bolivia ....................................2.6
Nepal .....................................2.6
Mauritania..............................2.6
Madagascar ...........................2.6
Bosnia and Herzegovina........2.6
Cte dIvoire ..........................2.6
Nicaragua...............................2.6
Burkina Faso..........................2.6
Ecuador .................................2.6
Burundi ..................................2.6
Mali........................................2.5
Algeria ...................................2.5
Macedonia, FYR ....................2.5
Cameroon..............................2.5
Ethiopia..................................2.5
Serbia ....................................2.4
Argentina ...............................2.4
Paraguay................................2.4
Zimbabwe..............................2.3
Bangladesh............................2.3
Venezuela ..............................2.2
Libya ......................................2.1
MEAN: 3.6
481
482
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 3.7
Germany ................................6.3
Japan .....................................6.3
Sweden .................................6.2
Switzerland ............................6.1
France....................................5.7
Austria ...................................5.7
Netherlands ...........................5.6
Denmark ................................5.4
Finland ...................................5.3
Singapore ..............................5.3
United Kingdom.....................5.3
Italy ........................................5.2
Hong Kong SAR ....................5.2
Korea, Rep.............................5.1
United States.........................5.1
Taiwan, China ........................5.1
Luxembourg ..........................5.1
Belgium .................................5.0
Ireland....................................4.9
Malaysia ................................4.8
Saudi Arabia...........................4.7
United Arab Emirates ............4.7
Israel ......................................4.6
Tunisia....................................4.5
Spain......................................4.4
Indonesia ...............................4.4
Mauritius ...............................4.4
Costa Rica .............................4.4
Czech Republic......................4.3
Norway ..................................4.3
Puerto Rico............................4.3
Slovenia .................................4.3
Canada...................................4.2
Lithuania ................................4.2
Lebanon.................................4.1
Sri Lanka................................4.1
Thailand .................................4.1
Malta .....................................4.1
Poland....................................4.0
Iceland ...................................4.0
China .....................................4.0
India.......................................3.9
Turkey ....................................3.9
Cyprus ...................................3.9
Panama..................................3.9
Hungary .................................3.8
Guatemala .............................3.8
Chile ......................................3.8
Mexico...................................3.8
Portugal .................................3.8
New Zealand .........................3.8
Barbados ...............................3.8
Azerbaijan ..............................3.8
Slovak Republic .....................3.8
Senegal..................................3.8
Oman.....................................3.7
Benin .....................................3.7
Estonia...................................3.7
Philippines .............................3.7
Brazil ......................................3.7
El Salvador.............................3.6
Jordan....................................3.6
Kenya.....................................3.6
Honduras ...............................3.6
Uruguay .................................3.6
Gambia, The ..........................3.6
Egypt .....................................3.6
Montenegro...........................3.6
Pakistan .................................3.5
Morocco ................................3.5
RANK
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Kuwait ...................................3.5
Colombia ...............................3.5
Moldova.................................3.5
Peru .......................................3.4
Greece...................................3.4
Vietnam .................................3.4
Bahrain ..................................3.4
Australia.................................3.4
Bangladesh............................3.4
Macedonia, FYR ....................3.4
Ukraine ..................................3.4
Latvia .....................................3.3
Jamaica .................................3.3
Guyana ..................................3.3
Qatar......................................3.3
Ecuador .................................3.3
Rwanda .................................3.2
Dominican Republic...............3.2
Malawi ...................................3.2
Bulgaria..................................3.2
South Africa...........................3.2
Argentina ...............................3.2
Georgia ..................................3.2
Iran, Islamic Rep....................3.1
Lesotho .................................3.1
Mozambique..........................3.1
Trinidad and Tobago...............3.1
Nigeria ...................................3.1
Cameroon..............................3.1
Syria.......................................3.1
Croatia ...................................3.1
Bolivia ....................................3.1
Cambodia ..............................3.1
Russian Federation................3.0
Tanzania .................................3.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina........3.0
Zambia...................................3.0
Ghana ....................................3.0
Kazakhstan ............................3.0
Romania ................................3.0
Brunei Darussalam ................2.9
Paraguay................................2.9
Madagascar ...........................2.9
Cte dIvoire ..........................2.9
Ethiopia..................................2.9
Serbia ....................................2.9
Nicaragua...............................2.9
Kyrgyz Republic .....................2.9
Uganda ..................................2.9
Mali........................................2.9
Armenia .................................2.9
Chad ......................................2.8
Algeria ...................................2.8
Tajikistan ................................2.8
Botswana ..............................2.8
Mauritania..............................2.8
Nepal .....................................2.7
Mongolia................................2.7
Albania...................................2.7
Timor-Leste............................2.7
Namibia .................................2.6
Libya ......................................2.5
Burundi ..................................2.5
Zimbabwe..............................2.4
Swaziland ..............................2.4
Burkina Faso..........................2.4
Cape Verde ............................2.2
Venezuela ..............................2.1
Angola ...................................1.7
MEAN: 3.7
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.0
Japan .....................................5.6
Germany................................5.5
Sweden .................................5.4
Austria ...................................5.3
Iceland ...................................5.3
Switzerland ............................5.2
Saudi Arabia...........................5.2
United States.........................5.1
Lebanon.................................5.0
Cyprus ...................................4.9
Netherlands ...........................4.9
United Arab Emirates ............4.8
France....................................4.8
Taiwan, China ........................4.8
Iran, Islamic Rep....................4.8
Denmark................................4.8
Malaysia ................................4.8
Turkey ....................................4.7
United Kingdom.....................4.7
Norway ..................................4.7
Mauritius ...............................4.7
Oman.....................................4.6
South Africa...........................4.6
Korea, Rep.............................4.6
Finland ...................................4.6
Kuwait ...................................4.6
Brazil ......................................4.6
Hong Kong SAR ....................4.6
Tunisia....................................4.5
Slovenia .................................4.5
Australia.................................4.5
Lithuania ................................4.5
Indonesia ...............................4.4
Sri Lanka................................4.4
Syria.......................................4.4
Canada...................................4.4
New Zealand .........................4.4
Bahrain ..................................4.4
Belgium .................................4.4
Chile ......................................4.4
Thailand .................................4.3
China .....................................4.3
Italy........................................4.3
Montenegro...........................4.3
Philippines .............................4.3
Malta .....................................4.3
Azerbaijan ..............................4.3
Costa Rica .............................4.3
Dominican Republic...............4.2
Qatar......................................4.2
Jordan....................................4.2
Albania...................................4.2
Kenya.....................................4.2
Rwanda .................................4.2
Luxembourg ..........................4.2
Guatemala .............................4.2
Spain......................................4.2
Singapore ..............................4.1
Poland....................................4.1
Israel......................................4.1
Greece...................................4.1
Colombia ...............................4.1
Gambia, The ..........................4.1
India.......................................4.1
Portugal .................................4.1
Trinidad and Tobago...............4.1
Peru .......................................4.0
Brunei Darussalam ................4.0
Panama..................................4.0
Ireland....................................4.0
RANK
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Nigeria ...................................4.0
Vietnam .................................4.0
Benin .....................................4.0
Barbados ...............................4.0
Uruguay .................................3.9
Mexico...................................3.9
Ethiopia..................................3.9
Argentina ...............................3.9
Estonia...................................3.9
Macedonia, FYR ....................3.9
Senegal..................................3.9
Honduras ...............................3.8
Guyana ..................................3.8
Paraguay................................3.8
El Salvador.............................3.8
Moldova.................................3.8
Malawi ...................................3.8
Georgia ..................................3.8
Pakistan .................................3.8
Puerto Rico............................3.8
Russian Federation................3.7
Croatia ...................................3.7
Tanzania .................................3.7
Egypt .....................................3.7
Kazakhstan ............................3.7
Hungary .................................3.7
Ecuador .................................3.7
Zimbabwe..............................3.7
Ghana ....................................3.7
Bulgaria..................................3.7
Latvia .....................................3.6
Jamaica .................................3.6
Morocco ................................3.6
Nicaragua...............................3.6
Romania ................................3.6
Mozambique..........................3.6
Botswana ..............................3.6
Ukraine ..................................3.6
Algeria ...................................3.6
Armenia .................................3.6
Bangladesh............................3.5
Mauritania..............................3.5
Nepal .....................................3.5
Zambia...................................3.5
Bolivia ....................................3.5
Libya ......................................3.5
Czech Republic......................3.5
Slovak Republic .....................3.5
Namibia .................................3.4
Serbia ....................................3.4
Venezuela ..............................3.4
Mali........................................3.4
Swaziland ..............................3.3
Cambodia ..............................3.3
Tajikistan ................................3.3
Uganda ..................................3.2
Cameroon..............................3.2
Cte dIvoire ..........................3.2
Lesotho .................................3.1
Bosnia and Herzegovina........3.1
Madagascar ...........................3.1
Timor-Leste............................3.0
Kyrgyz Republic .....................3.0
Cape Verde ............................3.0
Mongolia................................2.9
Burundi ..................................2.9
Angola ...................................2.9
Chad ......................................2.8
Burkina Faso..........................2.5
MEAN: 4.0
483
484
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 3.9
Japan .....................................6.6
Germany ................................6.5
Switzerland ............................6.4
Sweden .................................6.2
Finland ...................................6.1
Netherlands ...........................6.0
Austria ...................................5.9
Qatar......................................5.9
Belgium .................................5.8
Norway ..................................5.7
United States.........................5.7
Denmark ................................5.7
France....................................5.7
Singapore ..............................5.6
Canada...................................5.5
Taiwan, China ........................5.5
United Kingdom.....................5.5
Luxembourg ..........................5.4
Iceland ...................................5.4
Puerto Rico............................5.3
Ireland....................................5.3
Israel ......................................5.2
Korea, Rep.............................5.2
Australia.................................5.2
Saudi Arabia...........................5.1
New Zealand .........................4.9
Italy ........................................4.9
United Arab Emirates ............4.8
Brazil ......................................4.7
Malaysia ................................4.6
Chile ......................................4.6
Costa Rica .............................4.6
Hong Kong SAR ....................4.6
Czech Republic......................4.6
Slovak Republic .....................4.5
Portugal .................................4.4
Malta .....................................4.4
Turkey ....................................4.4
South Africa...........................4.4
Spain......................................4.4
Estonia...................................4.3
Slovenia .................................4.3
India.......................................4.3
Cyprus ...................................4.3
Oman.....................................4.2
Egypt .....................................4.1
Bahrain ..................................4.1
Poland....................................4.1
Tunisia....................................4.1
Mauritius ...............................4.0
Lithuania ................................4.0
Indonesia ...............................4.0
Azerbaijan ..............................4.0
Sri Lanka................................4.0
China .....................................3.9
Hungary .................................3.9
Panama..................................3.9
Argentina ...............................3.8
Trinidad and Tobago...............3.8
Thailand .................................3.8
Mexico...................................3.8
Guatemala .............................3.7
Barbados ...............................3.7
Albania...................................3.7
Jordan....................................3.7
Kenya.....................................3.7
Kuwait ...................................3.7
Colombia ...............................3.6
Vietnam .................................3.6
Greece...................................3.6
RANK
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Morocco ................................3.6
Latvia .....................................3.5
Uruguay .................................3.5
Peru .......................................3.5
Iran, Islamic Rep....................3.5
Pakistan .................................3.4
Romania ................................3.4
Ukraine ..................................3.4
Brunei Darussalam ................3.4
Kazakhstan ............................3.4
Lebanon.................................3.4
Namibia .................................3.4
Algeria ...................................3.4
Montenegro...........................3.4
Syria.......................................3.3
Philippines .............................3.3
Dominican Republic...............3.3
Croatia ...................................3.3
Bulgaria..................................3.2
Macedonia, FYR ....................3.2
El Salvador.............................3.2
Jamaica .................................3.2
Russian Federation................3.2
Venezuela ..............................3.2
Senegal..................................3.2
Honduras ...............................3.2
Guyana ..................................3.1
Nigeria ...................................3.1
Botswana ..............................3.1
Armenia .................................3.1
Ecuador .................................3.1
Angola ...................................3.1
Tajikistan ................................3.1
Ghana ....................................3.1
Bolivia ....................................3.1
Zambia...................................3.0
Cameroon..............................3.0
Gambia, The ..........................3.0
Mongolia................................3.0
Benin .....................................3.0
Tanzania .................................3.0
Mozambique..........................3.0
Cape Verde ............................2.9
Bosnia and Herzegovina........2.9
Bangladesh............................2.9
Georgia ..................................2.9
Libya ......................................2.9
Cambodia ..............................2.9
Cte dIvoire ..........................2.8
Nicaragua...............................2.8
Rwanda .................................2.8
Paraguay................................2.8
Malawi ...................................2.8
Swaziland ..............................2.7
Serbia ....................................2.7
Moldova.................................2.7
Lesotho .................................2.6
Chad ......................................2.6
Ethiopia..................................2.5
Kyrgyz Republic .....................2.5
Madagascar ...........................2.5
Zimbabwe..............................2.5
Mali........................................2.4
Uganda ..................................2.4
Nepal .....................................2.3
Timor-Leste............................2.3
Burkina Faso..........................2.3
Mauritania..............................2.3
Burundi ..................................2.2
MEAN: 3.9
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.1
United States.........................6.0
Sweden .................................6.0
Switzerland ............................5.9
United Kingdom.....................5.9
Netherlands ...........................5.8
Qatar......................................5.8
Germany................................5.8
France....................................5.7
Japan .....................................5.7
Canada...................................5.7
Denmark................................5.6
Austria ...................................5.6
Hong Kong SAR ....................5.5
Belgium .................................5.4
Norway ..................................5.4
Australia.................................5.3
Luxembourg ..........................5.3
Taiwan, China ........................5.3
United Arab Emirates ............5.3
Singapore ..............................5.3
Puerto Rico............................5.2
Brazil ......................................5.2
New Zealand .........................5.2
Ireland....................................5.1
Iceland ...................................5.1
Saudi Arabia...........................5.0
Chile ......................................5.0
South Africa...........................4.9
Finland ...................................4.9
Panama..................................4.9
Malaysia ................................4.9
Korea, Rep.............................4.9
Turkey ....................................4.8
Israel......................................4.7
Cyprus ...................................4.7
Costa Rica .............................4.6
Lebanon.................................4.6
Spain......................................4.6
Portugal .................................4.6
Bahrain ..................................4.6
Czech Republic......................4.6
Albania...................................4.6
Slovak Republic .....................4.6
Poland....................................4.5
Lithuania ................................4.5
Thailand .................................4.5
Italy........................................4.5
Slovenia .................................4.5
China .....................................4.5
Philippines .............................4.5
Vietnam .................................4.4
Hungary .................................4.4
Sri Lanka................................4.4
Guatemala .............................4.4
Tunisia....................................4.4
Indonesia ...............................4.4
India.......................................4.4
Greece...................................4.3
Malta .....................................4.3
Argentina ...............................4.3
Estonia...................................4.3
Kuwait ...................................4.3
Montenegro...........................4.2
Oman.....................................4.2
Mauritius ...............................4.2
Dominican Republic...............4.1
Barbados ...............................4.1
El Salvador.............................4.1
Latvia .....................................4.1
Trinidad and Tobago...............4.1
RANK
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Peru .......................................4.1
Mexico...................................4.0
Kenya.....................................4.0
Uruguay .................................4.0
Jordan....................................3.9
Morocco ................................3.9
Senegal..................................3.9
Romania ................................3.9
Egypt .....................................3.9
Venezuela ..............................3.8
Azerbaijan ..............................3.8
Jamaica .................................3.8
Croatia ...................................3.8
Mongolia................................3.8
Kazakhstan ............................3.8
Colombia ...............................3.8
Namibia .................................3.8
Russian Federation................3.8
Cte dIvoire ..........................3.7
Pakistan .................................3.7
Ukraine ..................................3.7
Mozambique..........................3.6
Brunei Darussalam ................3.6
Honduras ...............................3.6
Gambia, The ..........................3.5
Ghana ....................................3.5
Ecuador .................................3.5
Macedonia, FYR ....................3.5
Bolivia ....................................3.5
Bulgaria..................................3.5
Cameroon..............................3.4
Georgia ..................................3.4
Nigeria ...................................3.4
Tanzania .................................3.4
Algeria ...................................3.4
Moldova.................................3.3
Iran, Islamic Rep....................3.3
Bangladesh............................3.3
Cambodia ..............................3.3
Paraguay................................3.2
Zambia...................................3.2
Guyana ..................................3.2
Cape Verde ............................3.2
Bosnia and Herzegovina........3.2
Zimbabwe..............................3.2
Kyrgyz Republic .....................3.1
Botswana ..............................3.1
Benin .....................................3.1
Armenia .................................3.1
Nicaragua...............................3.1
Angola ...................................3.1
Serbia ....................................3.0
Syria.......................................3.0
Malawi ...................................3.0
Lesotho .................................3.0
Swaziland ..............................3.0
Rwanda .................................3.0
Tajikistan ................................3.0
Libya ......................................2.9
Madagascar ...........................2.8
Uganda ..................................2.7
Ethiopia..................................2.7
Mali........................................2.7
Nepal .....................................2.6
Burkina Faso..........................2.5
Chad ......................................2.4
Timor-Leste............................2.3
Burundi ..................................2.3
Mauritania..............................1.8
MEAN: 4.1
485
486
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 3.7
Sweden .................................6.5
Norway ..................................5.9
Denmark ................................5.8
Netherlands ...........................5.7
Switzerland ............................5.2
Finland ...................................5.2
Canada...................................5.1
United States.........................5.1
Germany ................................5.0
New Zealand .........................5.0
Iceland ...................................4.9
Australia.................................4.9
Japan .....................................4.8
Belgium .................................4.8
Luxembourg ..........................4.8
United Kingdom.....................4.8
Malaysia ................................4.6
Austria ...................................4.6
Saudi Arabia...........................4.6
United Arab Emirates ............4.6
Singapore ..............................4.5
Puerto Rico............................4.4
Ireland....................................4.3
Czech Republic......................4.3
Estonia...................................4.3
Kuwait ...................................4.2
Costa Rica .............................4.2
Israel ......................................4.2
Bahrain ..................................4.2
Sri Lanka................................4.2
South Africa...........................4.1
Indonesia ...............................4.1
Hong Kong SAR ....................4.1
Slovenia .................................4.1
Gambia, The ..........................4.1
Montenegro...........................4.1
Panama..................................4.0
Philippines .............................4.0
Oman.....................................4.0
Poland....................................4.0
Qatar......................................4.0
Nigeria ...................................4.0
Brazil ......................................3.9
Cyprus ...................................3.9
Slovak Republic .....................3.9
Taiwan, China ........................3.9
France....................................3.9
India.......................................3.9
Guatemala .............................3.9
Malta .....................................3.9
Brunei Darussalam ................3.9
Lithuania ................................3.9
Colombia ...............................3.9
El Salvador.............................3.8
Malawi ...................................3.7
Namibia .................................3.7
Egypt .....................................3.7
Mauritius ...............................3.7
Honduras ...............................3.7
Tunisia....................................3.7
Spain......................................3.7
Argentina ...............................3.7
Kenya.....................................3.6
Vietnam .................................3.6
Peru .......................................3.6
Zambia...................................3.6
Chile ......................................3.6
China .....................................3.6
Zimbabwe..............................3.6
Rwanda .................................3.6
RANK
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Tanzania .................................3.6
Jordan....................................3.6
Latvia .....................................3.5
Lesotho .................................3.5
Uruguay .................................3.5
Albania...................................3.5
Thailand .................................3.5
Portugal .................................3.5
Barbados ...............................3.5
Guyana ..................................3.4
Romania ................................3.4
Benin .....................................3.4
Trinidad and Tobago...............3.4
Botswana ..............................3.4
Pakistan .................................3.3
Mexico...................................3.3
Azerbaijan ..............................3.3
Korea, Rep.............................3.3
Jamaica .................................3.3
Dominican Republic...............3.3
Ghana ....................................3.2
Syria.......................................3.2
Macedonia, FYR ....................3.2
Bosnia and Herzegovina........3.2
Kazakhstan ............................3.2
Morocco ................................3.2
Italy........................................3.2
Ethiopia..................................3.2
Nicaragua...............................3.1
Bulgaria..................................3.1
Swaziland ..............................3.1
Greece...................................3.1
Russian Federation................3.1
Cambodia ..............................3.1
Bolivia ....................................3.1
Croatia ...................................3.1
Venezuela ..............................3.1
Hungary .................................3.0
Ukraine ..................................3.0
Tajikistan ................................3.0
Algeria ...................................3.0
Moldova.................................3.0
Cameroon..............................3.0
Ecuador .................................3.0
Georgia ..................................3.0
Kyrgyz Republic .....................2.9
Senegal..................................2.9
Madagascar ...........................2.9
Uganda ..................................2.9
Mozambique..........................2.9
Iran, Islamic Rep....................2.9
Turkey ....................................2.8
Paraguay................................2.8
Chad ......................................2.8
Mali........................................2.8
Bangladesh............................2.8
Serbia ....................................2.7
Armenia .................................2.7
Angola ...................................2.7
Timor-Leste............................2.7
Nepal .....................................2.7
Cape Verde ............................2.7
Lebanon.................................2.7
Cte dIvoire ..........................2.5
Mauritania..............................2.5
Burundi ..................................2.4
Mongolia................................2.4
Burkina Faso..........................2.4
Libya ......................................2.3
MEAN: 3.7
Data Tables
Section XII
Innovation
487
488
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 3.2
Germany ................................5.9
Japan .....................................5.8
Sweden .................................5.7
Switzerland ............................5.7
Finland ...................................5.6
United States.........................5.3
Israel ......................................5.3
France....................................5.1
Denmark ................................4.9
Netherlands ...........................4.9
Austria ...................................4.7
Belgium .................................4.7
Norway ..................................4.7
Taiwan, China ........................4.7
United Kingdom.....................4.7
Luxembourg ..........................4.6
Singapore ..............................4.3
Korea, Rep.............................4.3
Canada...................................4.2
Iceland ...................................4.2
China .....................................4.2
Slovenia .................................4.2
Australia.................................4.1
Czech Republic......................4.1
Malaysia ................................4.1
Saudi Arabia...........................4.0
Italy ........................................4.0
New Zealand .........................3.9
Brazil ......................................3.8
Indonesia ...............................3.7
Ireland....................................3.7
Vietnam .................................3.6
India.......................................3.6
Estonia...................................3.6
United Arab Emirates ............3.6
Tunisia....................................3.5
Ukraine ..................................3.5
Russian Federation................3.5
Portugal .................................3.5
Azerbaijan ..............................3.5
Sri Lanka................................3.5
Spain......................................3.4
Cyprus ...................................3.4
Costa Rica .............................3.4
Qatar......................................3.4
Hungary .................................3.4
South Africa...........................3.4
Lithuania ................................3.3
Hong Kong SAR ....................3.3
Poland....................................3.3
Montenegro...........................3.3
Kenya.....................................3.2
Puerto Rico............................3.2
Malta .....................................3.1
Turkey ....................................3.1
Thailand .................................3.1
Latvia .....................................3.1
Pakistan .................................3.1
Chile ......................................3.1
Benin .....................................3.1
Oman.....................................3.0
Argentina ...............................3.0
Gambia, The ..........................3.0
Uruguay .................................3.0
Armenia .................................3.0
Croatia ...................................3.0
Bahrain ..................................2.9
Iran, Islamic Rep....................2.9
Slovak Republic .....................2.9
Colombia ...............................2.9
RANK
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Guatemala .............................2.9
Romania ................................2.9
Nigeria ...................................2.9
Mongolia................................2.8
Kazakhstan ............................2.8
Mauritius ...............................2.8
Senegal..................................2.8
Tanzania .................................2.8
Bulgaria..................................2.8
Philippines .............................2.8
Panama..................................2.7
Serbia ....................................2.7
Brunei Darussalam ................2.7
Malawi ...................................2.7
Bolivia ....................................2.7
Mexico...................................2.7
Macedonia, FYR ....................2.7
Tajikistan ................................2.7
Guyana ..................................2.7
Honduras ...............................2.7
Moldova.................................2.7
Nicaragua...............................2.7
Barbados ...............................2.7
Morocco ................................2.7
Peru .......................................2.6
Jordan....................................2.6
Kuwait ...................................2.6
Madagascar ...........................2.6
Lebanon.................................2.6
Albania...................................2.6
Cambodia ..............................2.6
Cameroon..............................2.6
Botswana ..............................2.5
Zambia...................................2.5
Greece...................................2.5
Ethiopia..................................2.5
Jamaica .................................2.5
Mozambique..........................2.5
Egypt .....................................2.5
Ghana ....................................2.5
Mali........................................2.5
Georgia ..................................2.4
Namibia .................................2.4
Ecuador .................................2.4
Bangladesh............................2.4
Bosnia and Herzegovina........2.4
El Salvador.............................2.4
Chad ......................................2.4
Rwanda .................................2.3
Paraguay................................2.3
Dominican Republic...............2.3
Zimbabwe..............................2.3
Mauritania..............................2.3
Timor-Leste............................2.3
Algeria ...................................2.3
Nepal .....................................2.3
Venezuela ..............................2.3
Burkina Faso..........................2.2
Uganda ..................................2.2
Swaziland ..............................2.2
Kyrgyz Republic .....................2.2
Cte dIvoire ..........................2.2
Lesotho .................................2.2
Syria.......................................2.1
Cape Verde ............................2.0
Libya ......................................2.0
Burundi ..................................2.0
Trinidad and Tobago...............2.0
Angola ...................................1.7
MEAN: 3.2
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 3.8
Israel......................................6.2
Switzerland ............................6.2
United Kingdom.....................6.0
United States.........................6.0
Sweden .................................5.9
Germany................................5.9
Belgium .................................5.7
Canada...................................5.7
Netherlands ...........................5.6
Australia.................................5.6
Singapore ..............................5.5
Denmark................................5.5
Finland ...................................5.4
New Zealand .........................5.3
Japan .....................................5.3
Ireland....................................5.3
Taiwan, China ........................5.2
Hungary .................................5.2
France....................................5.2
Austria ...................................5.1
Czech Republic......................5.1
Qatar......................................5.1
Norway ..................................5.0
Iceland ...................................5.0
Korea, Rep.............................4.8
Estonia...................................4.7
Slovenia .................................4.7
Portugal .................................4.7
South Africa...........................4.7
India.......................................4.7
Costa Rica .............................4.7
Malaysia ................................4.7
Puerto Rico............................4.6
Luxembourg ..........................4.6
Hong Kong SAR ....................4.5
Montenegro...........................4.4
Saudi Arabia...........................4.4
Tunisia....................................4.3
China .....................................4.3
Lithuania ................................4.2
Cyprus ...................................4.2
Brazil ......................................4.2
Spain......................................4.2
Indonesia ...............................4.2
United Arab Emirates ............4.1
Argentina ...............................4.1
Poland....................................4.1
Senegal..................................4.1
Sri Lanka................................4.1
Barbados ...............................4.0
Croatia ...................................4.0
Iran, Islamic Rep....................4.0
Russian Federation................3.9
Kenya.....................................3.9
Chile ......................................3.9
Serbia ....................................3.9
Oman.....................................3.9
Burkina Faso..........................3.8
Thailand .................................3.8
Mexico...................................3.8
Latvia .....................................3.8
Uruguay .................................3.8
Vietnam .................................3.8
Ghana ....................................3.8
Italy........................................3.8
Panama..................................3.7
Jamaica .................................3.7
Ukraine ..................................3.6
Trinidad and Tobago...............3.6
Malta .....................................3.5
RANK
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 3.8
489
490
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 3.2
Sweden .................................6.0
Switzerland ............................5.9
Japan .....................................5.9
Germany ................................5.7
Finland ...................................5.4
United States.........................5.4
Denmark ................................5.2
Singapore ..............................5.0
Taiwan, China ........................5.0
Luxembourg ..........................4.8
Israel ......................................4.7
Korea, Rep.............................4.7
France....................................4.7
United Kingdom.....................4.6
Netherlands ...........................4.6
Malaysia ................................4.5
Norway ..................................4.4
Austria ...................................4.3
Belgium .................................4.3
Canada...................................4.2
Ireland....................................4.2
China .....................................4.1
Australia.................................4.1
Saudi Arabia...........................4.1
Czech Republic......................4.0
Indonesia ...............................4.0
Iceland ...................................3.9
United Arab Emirates ............3.9
Brazil ......................................3.8
Sri Lanka................................3.8
Costa Rica .............................3.8
Slovenia .................................3.7
Vietnam .................................3.6
Kenya.....................................3.6
Tunisia....................................3.6
Hong Kong SAR ....................3.6
India.......................................3.6
New Zealand .........................3.6
Italy ........................................3.5
South Africa...........................3.5
Qatar......................................3.5
Benin .....................................3.4
Cyprus ...................................3.4
Montenegro...........................3.4
Portugal .................................3.4
Estonia...................................3.3
Spain......................................3.2
Thailand .................................3.2
Senegal..................................3.2
Russian Federation................3.2
Oman.....................................3.2
Chile ......................................3.2
Nigeria ...................................3.2
Puerto Rico............................3.2
Malta .....................................3.1
Uruguay .................................3.1
Lithuania ................................3.1
Panama..................................3.1
Lesotho .................................3.1
Croatia ...................................3.1
Poland....................................3.0
Turkey ....................................3.0
Cameroon..............................3.0
Mauritius ...............................3.0
Guatemala .............................3.0
Chad ......................................3.0
Pakistan .................................3.0
Slovak Republic .....................3.0
Ukraine ..................................3.0
Botswana ..............................3.0
RANK
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Tanzania .................................3.0
Argentina ...............................3.0
Guyana ..................................3.0
Egypt .....................................3.0
Hungary .................................3.0
Malawi ...................................3.0
Rwanda .................................3.0
Mali........................................2.9
Colombia ...............................2.9
Brunei Darussalam ................2.9
Mozambique..........................2.8
Cambodia ..............................2.8
Jamaica .................................2.8
Kazakhstan ............................2.8
Philippines .............................2.8
Gambia, The ..........................2.8
Zambia...................................2.8
Azerbaijan ..............................2.8
Angola ...................................2.7
Mexico...................................2.7
Albania...................................2.7
Namibia .................................2.7
Cte dIvoire ..........................2.7
Latvia .....................................2.7
Uganda ..................................2.7
Bulgaria..................................2.7
Morocco ................................2.7
Honduras ...............................2.7
Barbados ...............................2.7
Bolivia ....................................2.7
Bahrain ..................................2.7
Kuwait ...................................2.7
Romania ................................2.7
Bosnia and Herzegovina........2.6
Mauritania..............................2.6
Algeria ...................................2.6
Iran, Islamic Rep....................2.6
Serbia ....................................2.6
Burkina Faso..........................2.6
Mongolia................................2.6
Macedonia, FYR ....................2.6
Nicaragua...............................2.6
Peru .......................................2.6
Trinidad and Tobago...............2.6
Madagascar ...........................2.6
Jordan....................................2.5
Zimbabwe..............................2.5
Tajikistan ................................2.5
Lebanon.................................2.5
Ecuador .................................2.5
Venezuela ..............................2.5
El Salvador.............................2.5
Ethiopia..................................2.5
Dominican Republic...............2.4
Paraguay................................2.4
Greece...................................2.4
Armenia .................................2.4
Timor-Leste............................2.4
Bangladesh............................2.4
Nepal .....................................2.4
Swaziland ..............................2.4
Georgia ..................................2.3
Ghana ....................................2.3
Burundi ..................................2.3
Moldova.................................2.2
Cape Verde ............................2.1
Syria.......................................2.0
Kyrgyz Republic .....................2.0
Libya ......................................2.0
MEAN: 3.2
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 3.7
United States.........................5.8
Switzerland ............................5.7
Finland ...................................5.6
United Kingdom.....................5.6
Sweden .................................5.5
Singapore ..............................5.4
Canada...................................5.4
Denmark................................5.3
Germany................................5.2
Belgium .................................5.2
Netherlands ...........................5.2
Taiwan, China ........................5.2
Australia.................................5.1
Israel......................................5.1
Luxembourg ..........................5.1
Iceland ...................................5.0
Ireland....................................5.0
Austria ...................................4.9
Japan .....................................4.9
Norway ..................................4.9
New Zealand .........................4.8
Malaysia ................................4.7
Korea, Rep.............................4.7
South Africa...........................4.6
China .....................................4.6
Hong Kong SAR ....................4.6
Qatar......................................4.5
Costa Rica .............................4.5
Czech Republic......................4.5
Portugal .................................4.5
Puerto Rico............................4.4
Hungary .................................4.3
Saudi Arabia...........................4.3
Brazil ......................................4.3
Lithuania ................................4.2
Estonia...................................4.2
Slovenia .................................4.2
Indonesia ...............................4.2
Chile ......................................4.2
Barbados ...............................4.1
Tunisia....................................4.1
Thailand .................................4.1
United Arab Emirates ............4.1
France....................................4.0
Cyprus ...................................4.0
Spain......................................4.0
Colombia ...............................4.0
Mozambique..........................4.0
Sri Lanka................................3.9
Oman.....................................3.9
Senegal..................................3.9
Montenegro...........................3.8
Argentina ...............................3.8
Guatemala .............................3.8
Kenya.....................................3.8
Malta .....................................3.8
Uruguay .................................3.8
India.......................................3.7
Mexico...................................3.7
Brunei Darussalam ................3.7
Russian Federation................3.7
Vietnam .................................3.7
Gambia, The ..........................3.6
Poland....................................3.6
Rwanda .................................3.6
Jamaica .................................3.6
Zambia...................................3.5
Trinidad and Tobago...............3.5
Botswana ..............................3.5
Italy........................................3.5
RANK
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Serbia ....................................3.5
Ukraine ..................................3.5
Latvia .....................................3.5
Macedonia, FYR ....................3.5
Croatia ...................................3.4
Venezuela ..............................3.4
Tanzania .................................3.4
Uganda ..................................3.4
Malawi ...................................3.4
Namibia .................................3.4
Pakistan .................................3.4
Turkey ....................................3.4
Burkina Faso..........................3.3
Panama..................................3.3
Philippines .............................3.3
Mongolia................................3.3
Slovak Republic .....................3.3
Bahrain ..................................3.3
Cape Verde ............................3.3
Mali........................................3.2
Honduras ...............................3.2
Azerbaijan ..............................3.2
Dominican Republic...............3.2
Mauritius ...............................3.2
Peru .......................................3.2
Kuwait ...................................3.2
Iran, Islamic Rep....................3.2
Ghana ....................................3.1
Jordan....................................3.1
Madagascar ...........................3.1
Ethiopia..................................3.1
Nigeria ...................................3.1
Romania ................................3.1
Morocco ................................3.1
Zimbabwe..............................3.1
Benin .....................................3.1
Lesotho .................................3.1
Tajikistan ................................3.1
Lebanon.................................3.1
Bulgaria..................................3.0
Kazakhstan ............................3.0
Greece...................................3.0
Cameroon..............................3.0
El Salvador.............................3.0
Cambodia ..............................3.0
Chad ......................................3.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina........3.0
Nicaragua...............................2.9
Algeria ...................................2.9
Egypt .....................................2.8
Guyana ..................................2.8
Ecuador .................................2.8
Swaziland ..............................2.8
Armenia .................................2.8
Moldova.................................2.8
Bolivia ....................................2.8
Burundi ..................................2.8
Bangladesh............................2.7
Paraguay................................2.7
Cte dIvoire ..........................2.6
Libya ......................................2.6
Timor-Leste............................2.5
Nepal .....................................2.5
Georgia ..................................2.5
Mauritania..............................2.4
Angola ...................................2.4
Syria.......................................2.3
Albania...................................2.2
Kyrgyz Republic .....................2.2
MEAN: 3.7
491
492
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 3.7
Qatar......................................5.5
Singapore ..............................5.4
United Arab Emirates ............5.0
Luxembourg ..........................4.9
United States.........................4.7
Finland ...................................4.7
Taiwan, China ........................4.7
Malaysia ................................4.7
Denmark ................................4.6
Saudi Arabia...........................4.6
Oman.....................................4.5
China .....................................4.5
Sweden .................................4.5
Tunisia....................................4.5
Rwanda .................................4.4
Switzerland ............................4.4
Portugal .................................4.4
Vietnam .................................4.4
Malta .....................................4.4
Israel ......................................4.4
Benin .....................................4.4
Bahrain ..................................4.3
Gambia, The ..........................4.3
Netherlands ...........................4.3
Iceland ...................................4.3
Canada...................................4.3
Hong Kong SAR ....................4.3
Montenegro...........................4.2
Cyprus ...................................4.2
Indonesia ...............................4.2
Czech Republic......................4.2
Germany ................................4.2
Brunei Darussalam ................4.2
Norway ..................................4.2
Angola ...................................4.2
Azerbaijan ..............................4.1
Australia.................................4.1
Austria ...................................4.1
Korea, Rep.............................4.1
Sri Lanka................................4.1
Japan .....................................4.1
Mozambique..........................4.1
Estonia...................................4.1
Chile ......................................4.1
Senegal..................................4.0
Cape Verde ............................4.0
Belgium .................................4.0
France....................................4.0
Barbados ...............................3.9
Brazil ......................................3.9
Colombia ...............................3.9
Botswana ..............................3.9
United Kingdom.....................3.8
Ethiopia..................................3.8
Costa Rica .............................3.8
Panama..................................3.8
Jordan....................................3.8
Mali........................................3.8
Thailand .................................3.7
Iran, Islamic Rep....................3.7
Poland....................................3.7
Turkey ....................................3.7
Albania...................................3.7
Slovenia .................................3.7
Cambodia ..............................3.7
Tajikistan ................................3.7
Mauritius ...............................3.7
Malawi ...................................3.7
Uruguay .................................3.7
Burkina Faso..........................3.6
RANK
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Morocco ................................3.6
Zambia...................................3.6
New Zealand .........................3.6
Tanzania .................................3.6
Ireland....................................3.6
India.......................................3.5
Dominican Republic...............3.5
Puerto Rico............................3.5
Madagascar ...........................3.5
Timor-Leste............................3.5
Kenya.....................................3.5
Russian Federation................3.5
Kazakhstan ............................3.4
Pakistan .................................3.4
Namibia .................................3.4
Egypt .....................................3.4
Bulgaria..................................3.4
Spain......................................3.4
Honduras ...............................3.4
Kuwait ...................................3.4
Uganda ..................................3.4
Jamaica .................................3.3
Peru .......................................3.3
Mongolia................................3.3
Guyana ..................................3.3
Mexico...................................3.3
Trinidad and Tobago...............3.3
Serbia ....................................3.2
Lesotho .................................3.2
Cte dIvoire ..........................3.2
Ghana ....................................3.2
Georgia ..................................3.2
South Africa...........................3.2
Lithuania ................................3.2
Romania ................................3.2
Hungary .................................3.2
Nigeria ...................................3.2
Greece...................................3.2
Cameroon..............................3.1
Macedonia, FYR ....................3.1
Latvia .....................................3.1
Ukraine ..................................3.1
El Salvador.............................3.0
Chad ......................................3.0
Bangladesh............................3.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina........3.0
Italy........................................3.0
Ecuador .................................3.0
Syria.......................................2.9
Guatemala .............................2.9
Croatia ...................................2.9
Bolivia ....................................2.9
Algeria ...................................2.9
Zimbabwe..............................2.8
Nicaragua...............................2.8
Libya ......................................2.8
Slovak Republic .....................2.7
Burundi ..................................2.7
Philippines .............................2.7
Argentina ...............................2.7
Swaziland ..............................2.7
Paraguay................................2.6
Nepal .....................................2.6
Armenia .................................2.6
Moldova.................................2.6
Mauritania..............................2.6
Venezuela ..............................2.4
Kyrgyz Republic .....................2.4
Lebanon.................................2.4
MEAN: 3.7
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.1
Finland ...................................6.0
Japan .....................................5.8
Sweden .................................5.8
United States.........................5.7
Iceland ...................................5.7
Canada...................................5.6
Tunisia....................................5.6
Taiwan, China ........................5.5
Qatar......................................5.3
Singapore ..............................5.3
Switzerland ............................5.3
France....................................5.3
Belgium .................................5.2
Puerto Rico............................5.2
India.......................................5.2
Ireland....................................5.1
Israel......................................5.1
Norway ..................................5.1
Denmark................................5.1
United Arab Emirates ............5.0
Greece...................................5.0
Netherlands ...........................5.0
Korea, Rep.............................4.9
Chile ......................................4.9
Egypt .....................................4.9
Jordan....................................4.9
Germany................................4.8
Costa Rica .............................4.8
United Kingdom.....................4.8
Austria ...................................4.7
Indonesia ...............................4.7
Cyprus ...................................4.7
Malaysia ................................4.7
Saudi Arabia...........................4.6
China .....................................4.6
Lebanon.................................4.6
Iran, Islamic Rep....................4.6
Portugal .................................4.6
Cameroon..............................4.5
Thailand .................................4.5
Bahrain ..................................4.5
Cte dIvoire ..........................4.5
Algeria ...................................4.5
Turkey ....................................4.5
Australia.................................4.5
Morocco ................................4.5
Spain......................................4.4
Hungary .................................4.4
Sri Lanka................................4.4
Czech Republic......................4.4
Lithuania ................................4.4
Madagascar ...........................4.4
Ukraine ..................................4.3
Italy........................................4.3
Romania ................................4.3
Russian Federation................4.3
Kuwait ...................................4.3
Estonia...................................4.2
Benin .....................................4.2
Poland....................................4.2
Senegal..................................4.2
Syria.......................................4.2
Montenegro...........................4.2
Hong Kong SAR ....................4.1
Trinidad and Tobago...............4.1
Vietnam .................................4.1
New Zealand .........................4.1
Brazil ......................................4.0
Barbados ...............................4.0
Kenya.....................................4.0
RANK
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
MEAN: 4.1
493
494
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
SCORE
RANK
Taiwan, China........................287.1
Japan ....................................279.1
United States ........................261.7
Israel .....................................195.0
Korea, Rep. ...........................181.4
Finland ..................................163.0
Switzerland ...........................158.9
Sweden.................................110.2
Germany ...............................109.5
Canada ..................................108.8
Singapore................................92.8
Iceland ....................................80.0
Netherlands ............................77.6
Luxembourg............................72.0
Denmark .................................70.9
Austria.....................................59.9
Australia ..................................57.3
Belgium...................................56.0
Norway ...................................55.2
United Kingdom ......................51.5
France .....................................50.4
Hong Kong SAR......................43.6
Ireland .....................................39.3
New Zealand...........................29.5
Italy .........................................22.5
Malta.......................................15.0
Slovenia ..................................11.0
Spain .........................................7.1
Malaysia....................................5.7
Kuwait.......................................5.0
Bulgaria .....................................4.8
Hungary ....................................4.6
Cyprus.......................................4.4
Czech Republic .........................4.2
Croatia.......................................3.6
Puerto Rico ...............................3.5
Greece ......................................3.0
Costa Rica.................................2.6
Brunei Darussalam ...................2.5
Estonia ......................................2.3
Latvia ........................................2.3
United Arab Emirates ...............2.0
South Africa ..............................1.9
Slovak Republic ........................1.9
Portugal.....................................1.6
Trinidad and Tobago ..................1.5
Uruguay ....................................1.5
Qatar .........................................1.4
Russian Federation ...................1.4
Chile..........................................1.2
China.........................................1.2
Argentina ..................................1.1
Jamaica.....................................1.1
Poland .......................................0.9
Lithuania ...................................0.9
Saudi Arabia ..............................0.9
Lebanon ....................................0.7
Panama .....................................0.6
India ..........................................0.6
Mexico ......................................0.5
Brazil .........................................0.5
Romania....................................0.4
Oman ........................................0.4
Ukraine......................................0.4
Thailand.....................................0.3
Zimbabwe .................................0.3
Dominican Republic ..................0.3
Venezuela..................................0.3
Bosnia and Herzegovina ...........0.3
Turkey .......................................0.3
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
78
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
COUNTRY/ECONOMY
SCORE
Philippines.................................0.3
Georgia .....................................0.2
Ecuador.....................................0.2
Sri Lanka ...................................0.2
Kenya ........................................0.2
Jordan .......................................0.2
Colombia...................................0.2
Bolivia .......................................0.1
Serbia........................................0.1
Iran, Islamic Rep. ......................0.1
Kazakhstan................................0.1
Burkina Faso .............................0.1
Cameroon .................................0.1
Egypt.........................................0.0
Peru ..........................................0.0
Morocco....................................0.0
Vietnam.....................................0.0
Pakistan ....................................0.0
Indonesia ..................................0.0
Albania ......................................0.0
Algeria.......................................0.0
Angola.......................................0.0
Armenia ....................................0.0
Azerbaijan .................................0.0
Bahrain......................................0.0
Bangladesh ...............................0.0
Barbados...................................0.0
Benin.........................................0.0
Botswana..................................0.0
Burundi .....................................0.0
Cambodia..................................0.0
Cape Verde ...............................0.0
Chad..........................................0.0
Cte dIvoire .............................0.0
El Salvador ................................0.0
Ethiopia .....................................0.0
Gambia, The .............................0.0
Ghana........................................0.0
Guatemala.................................0.0
Guyana......................................0.0
Honduras ..................................0.0
Kyrgyz Republic ........................0.0
Lesotho.....................................0.0
Libya .........................................0.0
Macedonia, FYR .......................0.0
Madagascar ..............................0.0
Malawi ......................................0.0
Mali ...........................................0.0
Mauritania .................................0.0
Mauritius...................................0.0
Moldova ....................................0.0
Mongolia ...................................0.0
Montenegro ..............................0.0
Mozambique .............................0.0
Namibia.....................................0.0
Nepal.........................................0.0
Nicaragua ..................................0.0
Nigeria.......................................0.0
Paraguay ...................................0.0
Rwanda.....................................0.0
Senegal .....................................0.0
Swaziland..................................0.0
Syria ..........................................0.0
Tajikistan ...................................0.0
Tanzania ....................................0.0
Timor-Leste ...............................0.0
Tunisia .......................................0.0
Uganda......................................0.0
Zambia ......................................0.0
Basic indicators
0.01 GDP
Gross domestic product in billions of current US dollars |
2009
Sources: International Monetary Fund, World Economic Outlook
Database (April 2010); national sources
0.02 Population
Total population in millions | 2009
Sources: UNFPA, State of World Population 2009; national
sources
495
3.03 Inflation
Annual percent change in consumer price index (year
average) | 2009
Sources: International Monetary Fund, World Economic Outlook
Database (April 2010); national sources
496
497
Joaqun Almunia
Joaqun Almunia has been a prominent member of
the European Commission since 2004. He is currently
Vice-President, with specific responsibility for the
Competition portfolio, and was previously responsible
for Economic and Monetary Affairs. Almunia was Chief
Economist of the Unin General de Trabajadores, the
Spanish trade union affiliated with the Socialist Workers
Party (PSOE), until he became a Member of the Cortes
Generales in 1979. He remained a Member of Parliament
until 2004, representing Madrid. He served as Minister of
Employment and Social Security from 1982 to 1986 and
Minister of Public Administration from 1986 to 1991, as
well as PSOE Spokesperson from 1994 to 1997 and Party
Leader between 1997 and 2000. Almunia graduated in
Law and Economics from the University of Deusto and
completed follow-up studies at the cole Pratique des
Hautes tudes in Paris and at the Senior Managers in
Government program at the John F. Kennedy School of
Government at Harvard University. He was an Associate
Lecturer on Employment and Social Security Law at
the University of Alcal de Henares and Director of the
research program on equality and redistribution of income
at the Fundacin Argentaria from 1991 to 1994. In 2002,
he founded and was Director of the progressive think
tank Laboratorio de Alternativas.
Paola Annoni
Paola Annoni joined the European Commission Joint
Research Centre (JRC) Unit of Econometrics and
Applied Statistics in 2008 as a Post-Doctoral Researcher.
Her areas of research are sensitivity and uncertainty
analysis, construction and assessment of composite
indicators, multi-criteria ranking, and prioritization. Before
joining the JRC, Dr Annoni was a researcher at the
Department of Economics, Business and Statistics
(University of Milan) with her main research interests in
the area of applied statistics and mathematics: linear and
non-linear multivariate statistics for social-economical and
environmental data, measurement of latent phenomena,
discrete mathematics, and partial order. In the decade
19912000, Dr Annoni worked as an environmental
physicist at the Environmental Department of an Italian
research center, with her primary area of research in
mathematical and numerical modeling of surface and
groundwater flows. Her most recent publications are
mostly devoted to the development of sound statistical
methods for practical applications, especially in the field
of measurement and prioritization. Dr Annoni has a PhD
in Statistics (University of Milan-Bicocca) and an MS from
the School of Physics (University of Milan).
Jennifer Blanke
Jennifer Blanke is Director, Lead Economist, and Head of
the Centre for Global Competitiveness and Performance
at the World Economic Forum. Since joining the team in
2002, she has written and lectured extensively on issues
related to national competitiveness and has edited a
number of competitiveness reports, with a particular
regional focus on Western Europe and sub-Saharan Africa.
From 1998 to 2002, she was Senior Programme Manager
responsible for developing the business, management,
and technology section of the World Economic Forums
Annual Meeting in Davos. Before joining the Forum, Dr
Blanke worked for a number of years as a management
consultant for Eurogroup, Mazars Group in Paris, France,
where she specialized in banking and financial market
organization. Dr Blanke obtained a Master of International
Affairs from Columbia University and an MA and a PhD in
International Economics from the Graduate Institute of
International Studies (Geneva).
Ciara Browne
Ciara Browne is Associate Director of the Centre for
Global Competitiveness and Performance at the World
Economic Forum, where her responsibilities include
coordinating the Executive Opinion Survey process and
managing the network of over 150 Partner Institutes
worldwide, as well as providing input into The Global
Competitiveness Report and several of the Forums other
benchmarking studies. She also works closely with the
Forums media team in articulating the findings of the
various competitiveness reports to the media and the
public. Before joining the Forum, she served for several
years with the International Organization for Migration,
where she worked for a mass claims processing program. She has a BA (Hons) degree from the University of
Manchester.
499
500
Michela Nardo
Michela Nardo is currently Researcher at the European
Commission Joint Research Centre (JRC) Unit of
Econometrics and Applied Statistics. Her research interests span from econometrics (Kalman filtering and the
quantification of qualitative survey data) to education and
the construction of composite indicators. Since 2004, she
has led the Statistical Indicators for Policy Analysis (SIPA,
http://easu.jrc.ec.europa.eu/eas/sipa/index.htm). Dr Nardo
co-authored the JRC/OECD handbook on constructing
composite indicators (http://composite-indicators.jrc.ec.
europa.eu/) and has published in many international journals on statistical methodologies for composite indicators
building. Before joining the JRC, Dr Nardo was Assistant
Professor of Econometrics at the University Pompeu
Fabra and Universitat Autnoma de Barcelona. Dr Nardo
has a PhD in Economics from the Universitat Autnoma
de Barcelona, Spain.
Xavier Sala-i-Martin
Xavier Sala-i-Martin is a Professor in the Department of
Economics at Columbia University. He was previously
Associate Professor at the Department of Economics at
Yale University and a Visiting Professor at Universitat
Pompeum Fabra. His research interests include economic
growth, macroeconomics, public finance and social
security, health and population economics, monetary
economics, poverty, inequality, estimation of the world
distribution of income, and measuring competitiveness.
He is a consultant on growth and competitiveness for
a number of countries, international institutions, and
corporations. Professor Sala-i-Martin is a Research
Associate at the National Bureau of Economic Research.
He earned his MA and his PhD in Economics from
Harvard University. He collaborates closely with the World
Economic Forum in his capacity as Chief Advisor to the
Centre for Global Competitiveness and Performance.
Irene Mia
Irene Mia is Director and Senior Economist within the
Centre for Global Competitiveness and Performance at
the World Economic Forum. She is also responsible for
competitiveness research on Latin America and Iberia.
She has written and spoken extensively on issues related
to national competitiveness, serving as lead author and
editor on a number of regional and topical competitiveness papers and reports; notably, she is the co-editor of
The Global Information Technology Report series. Before
joining the Forum, she worked at the headquarters of
Sudameris Bank in Paris for a number of years, holding
various positions in the international affairs and international trade divisions. Her main research interests are in
the fields of development, international trade, economic
integration (with special reference to the Latin American
region), innovation, and competitiveness. Dr Mia holds an
MA in Latin American Studies from the Institute of Latin
American Studies, London University, and a PhD in
International Economic and Trade Law from L. Bocconi
University (Italy).
The World Economic Forum would like to thank the Africa Commission and
FedEx for their invaluable support of this Report.
Acknowledgments
The Africa Commission was launched by the Prime Minister of Denmark in 2008 to help Africa
benefit more from globalization. The Commission consisted of Heads of State and governments,
politicians, experts, and representatives from international and regional organizations as well as the
business community, civil society and the academic world. The majority of the Commissioners
were from Africa, which reflected the Commissions overriding commitment to ensure African
ownership of its recommendations and initiatives.
The Africa Commission presented its findings in the report Realising the Potential of Africas
Youth, which was published in May 2009. Drawing on existing analyses and best practices, the
Africa Commission presented specific policy recommendations and launched five international
initiatives aimed at creating jobs for young men and women in Africa through private sectorled
growth and improved competitiveness of African economies. Special emphasis was given to creating decent jobs, fostering entrepreneurship, and providing greater opportunities through education, skills development and access to finance. The Africa Commission is supported by a
Secretariat established within the Danish Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
For further information about the Africa Commission and the Danish Ministry of Foreign
Affairs, visit www.africacommission.um.dk.
FedEx continues to support the World Economic Forums annual Global Competitiveness Report,
providing reliable global distribution services.
FedEx is committed to advancing free trade and driving global commerce and economic
development. We support the World Economic Forums dedication to improving the state of the
world by engaging leaders in regulatory, industry, and economic cooperation.
Access can be defined as the ability to connect that drives positive change. FedEx is a
strong supporter that access makes it easier for people and businesses to connect empowers
them with the ability and confidence to improve their current conditions and future prospects.
Accesswhether its a computer or the ability to ship a package overnight anywhere in the
worldcreates new opportunities and changes whats possible. Information gleaned from an
SRI International study commissioned by FedEx, titled The Dynamic Force of Access: An
Update of the Access Index complements the insights found in the Forums Global
Competitiveness Report.
FedEx Corp. (NYSE: FDX) provides customers and businesses worldwide with a broad portfolio of transportation, e-commerce, and business services. With annual revenues of $35 billion,
the company offers integrated business applications through operating companies competing
collectively and managed collaboratively, under the respected FedEx brand. Consistently ranked
among the worlds most admired and trusted employers, FedEx inspires its more than 280,000
team members to remain absolutely, positively focused on safety, the highest ethical and professional standards, and the needs of their customers and communities.
For more information, visit www.news.fedex.com.
501
More than three decades after its first publication in 1979, The Global Competitiveness
Report series continues to provide the worlds most respected assessment of national
Schwab
The present context makes it more important than ever for countries to put into place
the fundamentals underpinning growth and development. The Global Competitiveness
Report 20102011 facilitates this process by providing detailed analysis of the productive
potential of nations worldwide. The Report offers policymakers, business executives,
and academics, as well as the public at large, valuable insights into the policies,
institutions, and factors that enable robust economic development and long-term
prosperity.
Produced in collaboration with leading academics and a global network of Partner
Institutes, The Global Competitiveness Report 20102011 offers users a unique dataset
on a broad array of competitiveness indicators for a record number of 139 economies.
The data used in the Report come from leading international sources as well as from the
World Economic Forums annual Executive Opinion Survey, which provides a distinctive
source capturing the perceptions of several thousand business leaders on topics related
to national competitiveness.
The Report presents the rankings of the Global Competitiveness Index (GCI), developed
by Professor Xavier Sala-i-Martin and introduced in 2005. The GCI is based on 12 pillars
of competitiveness, providing a comprehensive picture of the competitiveness landscape
in countries around the world at different stages of economic development. The Report
also contains detailed profiles highlighting competitive strengths and weaknesses for
each of the 139 economies featured, as well as an extensive section of data tables
displaying relative rankings for more than 100 variables.
The Global
Competitiveness Report
20102011