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A Group of men began screaming at us, rhythmically, cursing us, warning us, shouting asur
forbidden, pigs; and tameh unclean. For them, the sight of women reading from the
Torah was more than they could bear. I lifted my eyes from the words of the Torah for a
moment to glance at them. They seemed garbed in darkness, in intolerance. I forced my
eyes back to the Torah scroll, to the holy black letters suspended on the white parchment.
We women assembled were like the letters of the Torah, each one individually different, yet
creating meaning in our unity, surrounded by the whiteness of the ancient stones.
Haut, 1992b, p. 276

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In the letter appointing the committee, the principles of freedom of religious practice and
access to the holy site were emphasized. [] We are looking for a clear affirmation of
pluralism as a constitutive part of religious practice in Israel, which includes women. For
Women of the Wall, the January verdict is one milestone in a long process of educating the
political, judicial, religious, and social sectors, both in Israel and abroad, about womens
religious and spiritual activism.
Haberman, 1996, p. 75

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place, which is one of the things that bothered me over the years.
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.Lights Publishing

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Given that secular feminists have not yet successfully challenged cultural patriarchy
(the ethos and structures that support male advantage and control in various spheres of
activity), that they are often no more successful in putting gender issues before
communal (ethnic or national) ones, that they recognize the variety of womens
circumstances may require different strategies for liberation or justice in different
situations, and that religious communities have traditionally offered women some
cultural / religious power at different moments in their life cycle perhaps we should
take a closer look at religious feminism. [] Perhaps religious and secular women can,
at that point, reclaim the democratic impulse to recognize, discuss, and confront the
common forms of patriarchy that will, most certainly, remain.
Bauer, 1997, pp. 243-4

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23

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To name the real issue as that of the power to define what
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24

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[] This intricate waltz of religion and social change [] adding a seldom-asked
question: What has been the role of women during this process? The question is
important, for women are the great sleepers of history. Often as much ignored by the
religious and political establishments of their own times as they have been by modern
Western historians, women have often provided the unpredicted balance of support that
determines whether a new direction takes.
Nancy Falk, in Haddad & Findly, 1985, p. xv

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25

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27

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.184
.168-174 ' , "," " ,( )",---- - " ,(1998) ,
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