რელიგიური გაერთიანებების საჭიროებების კვლევა საქართველოში

Tbilisi, 2014
tolerantobis da mravalferovnebis instituti

religiur gaerTianebaTa saWiroebebis
kvleva saqarTveloSi
kvleva moamzada tolerantobis da mravalferovnebis institutma
(TDI) `erovnuli integraciis gaZliereba saqarTveloSi~ proeqtis
mcire grantebis meqanizmis farglebSi, romelsac axorcieleben
saqarTvelos gaeros asociacia (UNAG) da fondi `Ria sazoga-
doeba saqar Tvelo~ aSS-is saerTaSoriso ganviTarebis saagentos
(USAID) finansuri mxardaWeriT.
kvlevis Sinaarsze mTlianad pasuxismgebelia tolerantobis da
mravalferovnebis instituti (TDI). is SesaZloa ar gamoxatavdes
saqarTvelos gaeros asociaciis (UNAG), fond `Ria sazogadoeba
saqarTvelosa~ da aSS-is saerTaSoriso ganviTarebis saagentos
(USAID) Sexedulebebs.
mkvlevarTa jgufi: ekaterine WiTanava
nana Wabukiani
redaqtori: zaal CxeiZe
eqsperti: beqa mindiaSvili
Targmani: ana TevzaZe
sofo asaTiani
koreqtori: eliso gazdeliani
dakabadoneba: levan papalaSvili
yda: giorgi gagoSiZe, kompozicia 2014
tolerantobis da mravalferovnebis instituti (TDI)
tiraJi: 400
ISBN: 978-9941-0-7054-9
akrZalulia aq moyvanili masalebis gadabeWdva, gamravleba an
gav rceleba komerciuli mizniT, tolerantobis da mravalfe-
rovnebis institutis (TDI) werilobiTi nebarTvis gareSe.
Sinaarsi
Sesavali 5
meTodologia 6
kvlevis Sedegebi 9
1. religiuri Seuwynareblobis niadagze
Cadenili samarTaldarRvevebi 9
rekomendaciebi 17
2. sakuTrebasTan dakavSirebuli sakiTxebi 19
2.1. sabWoTa dros CamorTmeuli qonebis restitucia 19
2.1.1. somexTa samociqulo marTlmadidebeli wmida
eklesiis eparqia 23
2.1.2. laTin kaTolikeTa kavkasiis samociqulo
administracia 28
2.1.3. evangelur-luTeruli eklesia 33
2.1.4. muslimuri Temi 34
2.1.5. iudauri Temi 37
rekomendaciebi 39
2.2. sakulto da arareligiuri
daniSnulebis nagebobebis mSenebloba 40
2.2.1. TviTmmarTvelobis organoebSi Seqmnili
sirTuleebi 40
2.2.2. adgilobrivi mosaxleobis winaaRmdegoba 43
2.2.3.baTumSi axali meCeTis mSenebloba 47
rekomendaciebi 48
2.3. qonebis sakuTrebis uflebiT gadacema/registracia 49
2.3.1. sakanonmdeblo regulirebis safuZvliT SezRudva 50
2.3.2. iuridiuli daxmarebis saWiroeba 52
rekomendaciebi 54
3. diskriminacia sajaro saganmanaTleblo
dawesebulebebSi 55
rekomendaciebi 60
4. saxelmwifos religiuri politika 63
4.1. religiis sakiTxze momuSave saxelmwifo
struqturebis formireba 64
4.2. muslimuri Temis Sida saqmeebSi Careva 65
4.3. sazRvris gadakveTis problema 66
4.4. religiuri literaturis gavrcelebasTan
dakavSirebuli problemebi 67
rekomendaciebi 68
5. religiuri organizaciebis dafinanseba 70
5.1. religiuri gaerTianebebisTvis sabWoTa
periodSi miyenebuli materialuri da moraluri
zaralis anazRaurebis gadawyvetilebasTan
dakavSirebuli xarvezebi 70
5.2. saqarTvelos sapatriarqosTvis miniWebuli
finansuri privilegiebi 73
rekomendaciebi 77
6. sagadasaxado uTanasworoba 78
rekomendaciebi 81
7. religiuri organizaciebis komunaluri
gadasaxadebi 82
rekomendaciebi 84
8. sajaro sivrcis SezRudva 85
rekomendaciebi 89
9. marTlmadidebeli sasuliero pirebis
mier gamovlenili Seuwynarebloba 90
rekomendaciebi 93
kvlevis mTavari aqcentebi 94
danarTi 98
5
Sesavali
winamdebare kvleva saqarTveloSi religiuri gaer Ti anebe-
bis saWiroebebisa da maT winaSe arsebuli prob lemebis
iden tificirebas da im politikis Sefa sebas isaxavs miznad,
romelsac saxelmwifo atarebs religiur um ciresobebTan
dakavSirebiT.
bolo wlebis ganmavlobaSi religiisa da saero sfe roebis
urTierTgadakveTaze momxdari mniSvnelovani movlenebis
analizi cxadyofs, rom dominanti religi isadmi saxelmwi-
fos preferenciuli damokidebuleba religiis Tavisuf-
lebis xelyofisa da diskriminaciis sistemuri problemis
gaCenis safuZveli gaxda.
rogorc wesi, religiuri umciresobebis winaaRmdeg Se-
uw ynareblobis motiviT Cadenili samarTaldarRvevebi
sa xelmwifos mxridan efeqturi reagirebis gareSe rCeba,
Tumca, esa Tu is saxelmwifo struqtura, rig SemTxvevaSi,
Tavadac erTveba diskriminaciis procesSi.
kvlevis farglebSi gamokiTxuli sxvadasxva religiuri ga-
er Tianebebis warmomadgenelTa Sefasebebi saqarTveloSi
reli gi is Tavisuflebis darRvevis sxvadasxva tendencias
aCvenebs.
problemebis erTi, mniSvnelovani nawili religiur ga-
er Tianebebs wlebia awuxebs da saxelmwifos maT gada-
saWrelad qmediTi nabijebi arasdros gadaudgams, na-
wi li ki, religiis sakiTxze momuSave axali sajaro
struqturebis SeqmnasTan, bolo periodSi gamovlenil
islamofobiasa da religiuri Seuwynareblobis moti viT
Cadenili samarTaldarRvevebis ricxvis mkveTr zrdasTan
aris dakavSirebuli.
aRniSnuli problematikis mimoxilvasTan erTad, kvleva Si
mocemulia saxelmwifo uwyebebisTvis SeTa vazebuli kon-
saqarTveloSi religiuri umciresobebis saWiroebebis kvleva
6
kretuli rekomendaciebi, romelTa Ses ru leba xels Seu-
wyobs religiis safuZvelze dis kriminaciis aRmofxvras
da ufro myar garantiebs Seq mnis saqarTveloSi religiis
Tavisuflebis dacvisa da Tanasworuflebiani, toleran-
tuli garemos gan viTarebisTvis.
meTodologia
sakvlevi problemis kompleqsurobidan gamomdinare,
kvle vis farglebSi gamoyenebulia triangulaciis meTo-
di, rac gulisxmobs Sedegebis mopovebas rogorc Tvisob-
rivi, aseve raodenobrivi meTodis gamoyenebiT.
kvlevis Tvisobrivi nawili moicavs naxevradstruqturi-
rebul CaRrmavebul interviuebsa da samagido kvlevas.
naxevradstruqturirebulma interviuebma mkvlevarebs
saSualeba misca, erTi mxriv, mihyolodnen winaswar Se-
muSavebul sadiskusio gegmas, xolo, meore mxriv, respon-
dentebisTvis miecaT SesaZlebloba, esaubraT sakiTxebze,
romlebsac Tavad miiCneven mniSvnelovnad da problemu-
rad.
samagido kvlevis farglebSi mkvlevarebma daamuSaves re-
ligiuri gaerTianebebis mier mowodebuli angariSebi, sa-
samarTlo saqmeebi, Sesabamisi uwyebebidan gamoTxovili
sajaro informacia, saxalxo damcvelis, saerTaSoriso
organizaciebis, arasamTavrobo organizaciebis mier re-
ligiis Tavisuflebis dacvis kuTxiT momzadebuli kvle-
vebi da angariSebi, saxalxo damcvelTan arsebuli reli-
giaTa sabWos mier SemuSavebuli rekomendaciebi.
raodenobrivi monacemebi miRebulia anketirebis meTo-
dis gamoyenebiT. aRniSnulma midgomam kvleviT jgufs
SesaZlebloba misca, daebalansebina TiToeuli meTodis
7
susti da Zlieri mxareebi, informacia Seevso sxvadasxva
meTodze dayrdnobiT miRebuli masaliT da religiuri
umciresobebis saWiroebebi warmoeCina.
empiriuli masalis mopovebis procesi
kvlevis jgufma naxevradstruqturirebuli CaRrma ve-
bu li interviuebi Caatara saqarTveloSi 33 reli giuri
organiza ciis warmomadgenelTan, rac saqarTve loSi
religiuri gaerTianebebis absolutur umrav lesobas
warmoadgens (sruli CamonaTvalisTvis ix. danarTi 1).
Ser Ce u li religiuri organizaciebi erTmaneTisgan gan-
sxvavdebi an masStabiT, aRmsa reblobiT, mrevlis rao de-
nobiT, geog rafiuli gana wilebi Ta da samar Tleb rivi sta-
tusiT.
religiuri mravalferovnebis asaxvis mizniT, savele sa-
muSaoebi Catarda saqarTvelos oTx regionSi, sadac re-
ligiuri umciresobebi masStaburad arian warmodgenili:
aWara (q. baTumi, xulos municipaliteti), samcxe-javaxeTi
(q. axalqalaqi, q. axalcixe, axalcixis municipalitetis so-
flebi ivlita da vale, adigenis municipalitetis sofle-
bi arali da ude), qvemo qarTli (marneuli), kaxeTi (axmetis
municipaliteti, sof. duisi).
empiriuli masalis mopovebis pirveli etapi moicavda oTx
Tves (2013 wlis oqtomberi, noemberi, dekemberi, 2014 wlis
ianvari). ramdenadac kvlevis mizans warmoadgenda religi-
uri organizaciebis saWiroebaTa gamovlena, CaR rmavebuli
interviuebi Catarda organizaciebis liderebTan, war-
momadgenlebTan da mrevlis wevreb Tan. mrevlis wevrebi
SeirCnen Tovlis gundis princi piT, religiuri gaer-
Tianebis liderebTan interviuSi aRwerili konkretuli
faqtebisa da magaliTebis gan vrcobis, dazustebisa da
pirvelwyarosTan gasaub re bis mizniT. sul kvlevis farg-
lebSi Catarda 70 CaRrmavebuli interviu.
8
empiriuli masalis meore etapze, erTi Tvis gan mavlobaSi,
zog SemTxvevaSi, erTsa da imave religiur organizacia-
sTan interviu ganmeorebiT Caiwera (ma galiTad, qarT-
vel mus limTa kavSiri, iehovas mowmeTa qristianuli or-
ganizacia, meSvide dRis qristian-adventisTa eklesiis
transkavkasiuri iunioni, evan ge lur-luTeruli eklesia
da aS). interviuebis ganmeorebiT Catarebis saWiroeba gan-
pirobebuli iyo re ligiur gaerTianebebTan dakavSirebu-
li saxelmwi fo po li tikis cvlilebiT (religiis sakiTxze
momuSa ve axa li saxelmwifo struqturebis Camoyalibeba,
mus li muri Te mis organizaciuli struqturis cvlileba,
mTavrobis ini ciativa oTxi konfesiisTvis sabWoTa peri-
odSi miyenebuli materialuri da moraluri zianis anaz-
Raurebis Sesaxeb). angariSSi aseve moxvda religiis sfe-
roSi sakvlevi perio dis Semdeg momxda ri mniSvnelovani
movlenebi 2014 wlis maisis CaTvliT.
raodenobrivi kvlevis monacemebi miRebulia anketirebis
gziT - gamoikiTxa religiuri organizaciebis 70-mde war-
momadgeneli. miRebuli Sedegebi, Tvisobriv masalasTan
erTad, mniSvnelovan tendenciebs aCvenebs.
masalis damuSavebis procesi
empiriuli masalis damuSavebis etapi moicavda or Tves,
rom lis ganmavlobaSic interviuebis kontent-anali zis
safuZvel ze gamoikveTa religiuri organizaciebis Ziri-
Tadi problemebi da saWiroebebi. sakiTxebis Tematikidan
gamomdinare, kvleva citatis saxiT imow mebs konkre tuli
religiuri organizaciebis war mo madgenlebis mo naT-
xrobs. zog SemTxvevaSi, prob lema sistemuria da exeba re-
ligiur organizaciaTa absolutur umravlesobas, aseT
dros konkretuli religiuri gaerTianeba ar aris miTiTe-
buli. zog SemTxvevaSi ki problema specifikuria da Sesa-
bamisad, dasaxelebulia konkretuli religiuri gaer-
Tianebebi. raodenobrivi monacemebi Tvisobrivi masalis
kate gorizaciisa da aqcentebis gamokveTisTvis damxmare
sa Su alebad iqna gamoyenebuli. samagido kvlevis pro cesSi
9
mopovebuli masala empiriuli monacemebis gan zogadebis
da konteqstualizaciis saSualebas iZleva.
teqstSi, qveTavebad gamoyofili problemebis Sesa ba misad,
warmodgenilia aRniSnuli problemebis mog va rebis gzebi
da konkretuli rekomendaciebi.
kvlevis Sedegebi
1. religiuri Seuwynareblobis niadagze
Cade nili samarTaldarRvevebi
problema: religiuri umciresobebis warmomadgenlebi
acxadeben, rom religiuri niSniT devna, fizikuri da si-
tyvieri Zaladoba erT-erTi yvelaze mwvave problemaa.
amavdroulad, kvlevis Sedegebi aCve nebs, rom Seuwynareb-
lobis motiviT Cadenil samar TaldarRvevaze samarTal-
damcvelebis rea gireba arae feqturi da umetes SemTxveva-
Si, araadekvaturia - isini xSirad amJRavneben gulgril,
ironiul, zogjer ki agresiul damokidebulebas dazara-
lebulTa mimarT.
gamovlenilia SemTxvevebi, roca Seuwynareblobis safuZ-
velze Tavad samarTaldamcvelebi Zaladoben da arRveven
morwmuneTa uflebebs. garda amisa, saga moZiebo struq-
turebi gamoZiebas xSirad im mux le biT warmarTaven,
romlebic religiuri niSniT devnis, religiuri ritu-
alebisTvis xelis SeSli sa da Tanasworuflebianobis dar-
RvevisTvis pasuxis mgeblobas ar iTvaliswinebs. amasTan
erTad, rogorc wesi, gamoZieba an Wianurdeba, an samarT-
lebrivi Sedegi mas saerTod ar mosdevs.
10
2012-2014 wlebSi gansakuTrebiT problemuri, sistemu ri
da masStaburi gaxda muslimebisa da iehovas mowmee bis dev-
na da SezRudva, maTdami diskriminaciuli mopyroba.
kvlevis procesSi gamokiTxuli religiuri umci resobebis
warmomadgenelTa azriT, wina wlebTan SedarebiT reli-
giur niadagze Cadenili samar Tal darRvevebis raodenoba
mniS vnelovnad gaizarda, xolo religiis Tavisuflebis
dac vis kuTxiT situacia gauaresda, amis umTavres mizezad
ki xelisuflebisa da samarTaldamcvelebis mxridan ara-
adek vaturi, ara efeqturi, diskriminaciuli da zogjer
Seuw yna reblobis wamaxalisebeli moqmedeba SeiZleba Ca-
iTvalos.
problemis aRwera. sistemuri xasiaTi miiRo muslim-
Ta devnisa da Seviwrovebis faqtebma. gamouZiebelia 2012-
2013 wlebSi sofel nigvzianSi, winwyarosa da samTawyaroSi
muslimebis uflebaTa darRvevis Sem Txvevebi, romlebSic
sisxlis sa marTlis danaSaulis niSnebi ikveTeba. Zieba
ar dawyebula 2013 wlis 26 agvistos sofel WelaSi mina-
reTis ukanono de montaJisa da adgilobrivi muslimebis
fizikuri Se u racxyofis, cemis faqtTan dakavSirebiT,
romelic xelisuflebis mxri dan muslimTa konstituci-
uri uflebebis darRvevis aSkara magaliTs warmoadgens.
yovelive amasTan erTad, muslimebze Tavdasxmebisas sa-
xelmwifo Tanamdebobis pirebis mxridan keTdeboda saja-
ro gancxadebebi, romlebSic isini ar aRi arebdnen muslimi
moqalaqeebis uflebebis darRvevis faqtebs da konfliqts
xelovnurad inspirirebuls uwodebdnen.
1
iehovas mowmeTa qristianuli organiziis mier mo wodebuli
informaciis mixedviT, 2012 wels iehovas mowmeebis wina-
aRmdeg samarTaldarRvevis 11 SemTxveva, 2013 wels - 46,
2014 wels ki, xuTi Tvis ganmavlobaSi (ianvari-maisi), 40-
1. ` , -
2012-2013
11
mde SemTxveva gamovlinda.
2
Cadenil samarTaldarRvevebs
Soris xSiria iehovas mowmeTa sakulto nagebobebis -
samefo darbazebis dazianebis, morwmuneebis sityvieri da
fizikuri Seuracxyofis, muqaris, religiuri Sinaarsis
lite raturis ganad gurebisa da Tavdasxmis SemTxvevebi.
aRsaniSnavia, rom zogjer iehovas mowmeebis winaaRmdeg
mimar Tul qmedebebSi marTlmadidebeli sasuliero pire-
bi monawi leoben.
2013 wels iehovas mowmeTa qristianulma organizaciam
ganacxada fizikuri Seuracxyofis 20 SemTxvevis Sesaxeb
(Tbilisi (7), lanCxuTi (3), vani, gardabani, zestafoni, aba-
Sa, walka, kaspi, baTumi, martvili, senaki, rusTavi), sityvi-
eri Seuracxyofis 22 SemTxveva gamovlinda (Tbilisi (6),
lanCxuTi (4), senaki (2), vani, gardabani, zestafoni, lago-
dexi, abaSa, kaspi, baTumi, martvili, wyaltubo, rusTavi),
xolo samefo darbazebi 16-jer gaxda Tavdasxmis obieqti
(rusTavi (4), Tbilisi (3), vani (2), borjomi, wyaltubo, du-
SeTi, lagodexi, baTumi, zugdidi, quTaisi). iehovas mow-
meTa TqmiT, 2013 wels Cadenili 46 samarTaldarRvevidan
TbilisSi 14 SemTxveva moxda. regionebidan samarTaldar-
Rvevebis raodenobiT gamo ir Ceva lanCxuTi, sadac gasuli
wlis ganmavlobaSi 6 faqti gamovlinda. unda aRiniSnos,
rom iehovas mowmeebis winaaRmdeg Cadenil samarTaldar-
RvevebSi marTlmadidebeli sasuli ero pirebic monawi-
leobdnen. 2013 wels sami aseTi SemTxveva moxda TbilisSi,
kaspsa da wyaltuboSi (ix. me-9 Tavi). xSirad konkretuli
pirebi xels uSlian iehovas mowmeebs samisionero msaxure-
baSi, rasac axlavs muqara da quCis stendebis dazianeba
maSin, roca iehovas mowmeebi msurvelebs nebayoflobiT
acnoben religiuri Sinaarsis literaturas. magaliTad,
2013 wlis 25 oqtombers, TbilisSi iusticiis saxlis win,
~,
(EMC), 2013, : http://emc.org.ge/2013/12/05/25/
2. -

(TDI) .
12
iehovas mowmeebs erT-erTma gamvlelma dauxia stendis
posteri da baneris damtvrevas Seecada.
2013 wels momxdari 46 samarTaldarRvevidan, erTis garda,
yvela sxva SemTxvevaSi dazaralebulma pirebma mimarTes
Sesabamis samarTaldamcvel da uflebadamcvel uwyebebs:
policias, adgilobriv prokuraturas, mTavar prokura-
turas an saxalxo damcvels. iehovas mowmeTa iuristis,
manuCar cimintias TqmiT, bevr iseT faqtze, romelic, sa-
varaudod, sisxlis samarTlis danaSaulis niSnebs Seicavs,
gamoZieba Sesabamisi muxliT ar dawyebula; samarTaldam-
cavebi xSirad eridebian sis xlis samarTlis kodeqsis 155-e
(religiuri wesis aRsrulebisaTvis ukanonod xelis SeSla)
da 156-e (religiuri niSniT devna) muxlebis gamoyenebas da
am niSniT danaSaulis kvalifikacias.
3
saqarTvelos Sinagan saqmeTa saministros informaciiT,
4
2013 wels Cadenili samarTaldarRvevebidan 10 saqmeze
gamoZieba daiwyo sisxlis samarTlis danaSaulisTvis gaT-
valiswinebuli muxlebiT da Sewyda danaSaulis niSnebis
ararsebobis gamo (sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsis
105-e muxlis a q/punqtiT), am SemTxvevebidan arc erTs ar
mieniWa religiuri motiviT Cadenili danaSaulis kvali-
fikacia.
samarTaldamcavebis mikerZoebulobis sailustraci od,
ie ho vas mowmeebma ramdenime saqmeze strategiuli samar-
Tal warmoeba ganaxorcieles da scades, samar Tlebrivi
procesi bolomde mieyvanaT. saqmis gamoZiebis gagrZele-
3. 155- : -

,
. 156- :
, ,
.
4. -
MIA 81400949196 (20/052014)
13
baze uari gasaCivrda jer saolqo, Semdeg mTavar proku-
raturaSi, ris Sedegadac saqme daubrunda isev raionul
prokuraturas. sabolood, gamoZieba konkretuli samarT-
lebrivi SedegiT ar dasrulebula.
2013 wlis 10 marts, vanis municipalitetis sofel
ze indarSi q. m. da arasrulwlovani s. x. erTad as-
rulebdnen religiur msaxurebas - msurvelebs neba-
yoflobiT gadascemdnen bibliur informacias. msa-
xurebisas iehovas mowmes adgilobrivma mcxovrebma
a.s-m miayena sityvieri da fizikuri Seuracxyofa. man
orjer fexi daartya q.m-s, ris gamoc dazaralebulma
adgilobriv samkurnalo dawesebulebaSi samedicino
Semowmeba gaiara. q. m.-m mimarTa vanis Sss raionul
sammarTvelos. gamoZieba daiwyo saqarTvelos sis-
xlis samarTlis kodeqsis 125-e muxliT (cema). ie-
hovas mowmis TqmiT, gamomZiebeli mas mouwodebda
CvenebaSi fizikuri Seuracxyofa ar exsenebina. q.m-is
advokatebi saqmis kvalificirebas sisxlis samar-
Tlis kodeqsis155-e (religiuri wesis aRsrulebis-
Tvis ukanonod xelis SeSla) da 156-e (devna) muxle-
biT iTxovdnen. 2013 wlis 28 martis dadgenilebiT
gamoZieba Sewyda. 2013 wlis 21 ivniss religiurma
gaerTianebam saqme gaasaCivra samtrediis raionul
prokuraturaSi. 2013 wlis 2 ivliss maT Cabarda 26 iv-
nisis dadgenileba saqmis SewyvetasTan dakavSirebiT.
aRniSnuli gadawyvetileba advokatebma 2013 wlis 12
ivliss dasavleT saqarTvelos saolqo prokuror-
Tan gaasaCivres, romlisganac miiRes uari. gadaw-
yvetileba mTavar prokuraturaSi gasaCivrda. 2013
wlis 23 seqtembers iehovas mowmeebma saCivris dak-
mayofilebaze miiRes werilobiTi uari.
2013 wels momxdari samarTaldarRvevebidan 10 Sem TxvevaSi
gamoZieba ar dawyebula sisxlis samar Tlis kanonmdeb-
lobiT gaTvaliswinebuli niSnebis ar arse bo bis gamo.
14
iehovas mowmeTa TqmiT, xSirad maT winaaRmdeg Cadenil
samarTaldarRvevebze Sss-s reagireba araadekvatu ria,
po liciis TanamSromlebi damcinav da diskrimina ciul
damo kidebulebas iCenen, rac, sabolood, saqmis ganxil-
vis Se degzec aisaxeba. magaliTad, 2013 wlis 12 oqtombers
Tbi lisSi, gldanis raionSi msaxurebisas iehovas mowmeebs,
d.k.-sa da l. s.-s, fizikuri da sityvieri Seuracxyofa mi-
ayenes. dazaralebulebma ga mo iZaxes policia, amis Sem-
deg, mowmeebi dakiTxes ganyofilebaSi. iehovas mowmeebis
TqmiT, dakiTxvisas inspeqtori maT damcinavad da agresi-
ulad mimarTavda, religiur mrwamsze amaxvilebda yurad-
Rebas. sabolood, braldebuls misces gafrTxileba.
Sss-s informaciiT, sisxlis samarTlis kanonmdeblobiT
gaTvaliswinebuli danaSaulis niSnebis ararsebobis gamo
aRniSnul faqtze gamoZieba ar dawyebula.
amJamad gamoZieba mimdinareobs 10 samarTaldarRvevas-
Tan dakavSirebiT, romelTa Soris 2-ze saqme aRZrulia
saqar Tvelos ssk-is 156-e muxliT (devna adamianis dev-
na sindisis, aRmsareblobis an rwmenis gamo, anda mis re-
ligiur moRvaweobasTan dakavSirebiT) da erTze 155-e
muxliT (religiuri wesis aRsrulebisaTvis ukanonod xe-
lis SeSla). danarCen SemTxvevebSi saqme aRZrulia samefo
darbazis gaqurdvis (ssk-is 177-e muxlis meore nawilis a
da b qvepunqtebiT), samefo darbazisTvis cecxlis gaxs-
nis (187-e muxlis pirveli nawili), janmrTelobis ganzrax
dazianebis (ssk-is 118-e muxlis pirveli nawi liT), cemis
(125-e muxliT) da sam SemTxvevaSi Senobis minis dazianebis
faqtebze.
gamoZiebis procesi, rogorc wesi, Wianurdeba. 2013 wels
mxolod sisxlis samarTlis 3 saqmis gamoZiebas mohyva
konkretuli samarTlebrivi Sedegi, xolo 1 SemTxvevaSi
uflebadamrRvevs daekisra administraciuli saxdeli.
5
5. 2013 13 .-
- 125- -2
1500 . 2013
15
2014 wlis ianvari-martis periodSi iehovas mowmeTa mona-
cemebiT, samarTaldarRvevis 25 SemTxveva gamov linda.
Sss-m informacia gamoZiebis mimdinareobis Sesaxeb re-
ligiur gaerTianebas 18 faqtTan dakavSirebiT miawoda.
am faqtebidan 10 samarTaldarRvevasTan da kavSirebiT
gamoZieba ar daw yebula ssk-is muxliT gaT va liswinebuli
qmedebisTvis. mizezad xSi rad sa xel de ba, rom morwmune-
ebs religiuri ritualis Sesrulebi sas xeli ar SeSliaT
an fizikurad aravin daza rale bula. aseT SemTxvevaSi
samarTaldamrRvevi iRebs sit yvier gafrTxilebas an wers
xelwerils. 1 SemTxvevaSi ga moZieba daiwyo sisxlis samar-
Tlis saqmeze ssk-is 187-e muxlis 1 nawiliT, 2014 wlis
1 ianvars iehovas mowmis kuTvnili manqanis dazianebis
faqtze. sabolood, sisxlis samarTlis saqmeze gamoZie-
ba Sewyda, radgan dazaralebuls aunazRaurda materia-
luri ziani. amJamad, gamoZieba mimdinareobs 3 faqtTan
dakavSirebiT. aqedan 2 dakvalificirebulia rogorc
reli giuri siZulvilis niadagze Cadenili qmedeba.
6

, - 156-
/, . , -
1000 .
2013 19

156- 1000 .
,
. .
, -
, , -
- 100- .
6. 2014 5
.
- 156-
( ).
2014 20 -
,
156-
.
2014 9
.
. - 125- .
16
3 SemTxvevis gamoZieba dasrulda konkretuli samar Tleb-
ri vi SedegiT, aqedan erTi religiuri motiviT Cadenili
samar TaldarRveva iyo.
7
monacemebis analizi gviCvenebs, rom 2013 wels, 2012 wel-
Tan SedarebiT, samarTaldarRvevebis ricxvi oTxjer
gai zarda. 2014 wels ki xuTi Tvis ganmavlobaSi gamov-
lenili samarTaldarRvevebis raodenoba 2013 wlis 12
Tvis monace mebs uaxlovdeba. iehovas mowmeTa mimarT
samrTaldarRve vebis mkveTri zrda qveyanaSi religiis
Tavisuflebis SezRudvis SemaSfoTebel tendenciaze
miuTiTebs. aucilebe lia, saxelmwifom, religiuri umci-
resobebis uflebebis dacvis mizniT, uzrunvelyos reli-
giuri motiviT Cadenili samarTaldarRvevebis drouli
da efeqturi gamoZieba da tolerantuli garemos gaum-
jobesebis mizniT qmediTi RonisZiebebi gaataros.
. 7. 2014 3
,
, . - 156- -2
. ,
, ,
.
2014 11 .
,
.
,
173- .
1100 .
2014 18
.
-
166- .- 100
.
17
Sinagan saqmeTa saministro droulad da efeqturad
unda reagirebdes Seuwynareblobis motiviT Cadenil
samarTaldarRvevebze;
samarTaldamcveli struqturebisTvis unda SemuSav-
des da ganxorcieldes strategiuli gegma: a)re li-
giuri Seuwynareblobis safuZvelze Cadenili da-
naSaulis prevenciisa da aRmofxvrisaTvis; b)am ti pis
SemTxvevebisas samarTaldamcvelTa qcevisa da mo-
qalaqeebTan marTebuli komunikaciis Seswavlisa da
xarisxis gaumjobesebisaTvis;
religiuri Seuwynareblobis niadagze Cadenili da-
na Saulisadmi gamoyenebul iqnas nulovani tole-
rantobis principi, raTa: a)reagirebisa da aRkveTis
garda efeqturi prevenciac gaxdes SesaZlebeli;
b)Semcirdes religiuri Seuwynareblobis motiviT
Cadenil danaSaulTa raodenoba;
sagamoZiebo struqturebma unda uzrunvelyon sa-
mar TaldarRvevebisTvis saTanado kvalifikaci is mi-
ni Weba da drouli gamoZieba; religiuri siZulvilis
niadagze Cadenili samarTaldarRvevisas au cile-
belia, sagamoZiebo struqturebma gamoZieba warmar-
Ton Sesabamisi muxlebiT, romlebic religiuri
niSniT devnis, religiuri ritualebisTvis xelis
SeSlisa da Tanasworuflebianobis darRvevis Tvis
pasuxismgeblobas iTvaliswinebs.
aucilebelia, Sss-sa da prokuraturis TanamSrom-
lebsa da gamomZieblebs saxalxo damcvelis, av-
toritetuli adgilobrivi arasamTavrobo da sa-
18
er TaSoriso or ganizaciebis warmomadgenelTa
mo na wileobiT Cau tardeT saswavlo treiningi reli-
giuri neit ra li tetis dacvis, religiis Tavisuf-
lebis, Tanas wo ruflebianobisa da tolerantobis
sakiTxebTan da kavSirebiT;
aucilebelia, prokuraturam gamoiZios 2012 wels
nigvziansa da winwyaroSi, 2013 wels samTawyaroSi
da amave wlis 26 agvistos WelaSi momxdari mus-
limTa uflebebis darRvevis faqtebi, romlebSic,
adgilob rivi mosaxleobis garda, SesaZloa, Car-
Tuli yofi liyvnen adgilobrivi xelisuflebis war-
momadgenlebi da Sss-s TanamSromlebi.
19
2. sakuTrebasTan dakavSirebuli
sakiTxebi
2.1. sabWoTa dros CamorTmeuli qonebis
restitucia
problema: kvlevis Sedegebma aCvena, rom sabWoTa dros
CamorTmeuli qonebis restitucia religiur umcireso-
baTa erT-erTi mniSvnelovani problemaa. xuTi religiuri
ga erTianeba: somexTa samociqulo eklesiis eparqia saqar-
TveloSi, kaTolike eklesia, muslimTa Temi, evangelur-
luTeruli eklesia da iudauri Temi 20 welze metia sabWo-
Ta periodSi CamorTmeuli sakulto nagebobebisa da sxva
qonebis dabrunebas sxvadasxva mizeziT ver axerxebs.
restituciis gaWianurebis gamo, istoriuli, kulturu-
li da religiuri faseulobis mqone nagebobebisadmi sa-
xelmwifo ar an ver iCens saTanado mzrunvelobas, maTi
restavrireba/konservireba/dasufTaveba da dacva, ume-
teswilad, ar xdeba, ris Sedegadac sakulto Senoba-nage-
bobebis umravlesoba, romlebic, amavdroulad, saqarT-
velos kulturuli mem kvid reobis Zegls warmoadgens,
droTa ganmavlobaSi mniS vnelovnad ziandeba an/da ing-
reva. im SemTvevaSi ki, Tu isini saqarTvelos sapatriarqos
mflobelobaSia gadasuli, maTi istoriuli iersaxe mizan-
mimarTulad icvleba.
amavdroulad, kvlevis procesSi gamokiTxuli responden-
tebis azriT, restituciis problema xels uwyobs mudmivi
daZa bulobis SenarCunebas umravlesobisa da umciresobis
eTnikur Tu religiur jgufebs Soris da mniSvnelovnad
aferxebs samo qalaqo integraciis process.
problemis aRwera. me-20 saukunis 80-iani wlebis mi-
wu ruls, saqarTvelos ssr-is ministrTa sabWos gadaw-
yvetilebiT, saqarTvelos marTlmadidebeli eklesiis
sa patriarqos sargeblobis uflebiT gadaeca sabWoTa
xe lisuflebis mier CamorTmeuli qristianuli sakulto
20
nagebobebi. ssr ministrTa sabWos 1990 wlis 12 aprilis
#183 dadgenilebiT ki, saqarTvelos samociqulo avtoke-
faluri marTlmadidebeli eklesiis garda, saqarTvelo-
Si arsebuli yvela religiuri gaerTianeba gauqmebulad
gamocxadda.
sapatriarqosTvis sargeblobis uflebiT gadacemul taZ-
rebs Soris, marTlmadideblurTan erTad is sakulto nage-
bobebic aRmoCnda, romlebic istoriulad sxva religiur
gaerTianebebs ekuTvnoda. amasTanave, daubrunebeli dar-
Ca sabWoTa periodSi CamorTmeuli is religiuri nagebobe-
bic, romlebic sapatriarqos interesis sagans ar warmoad-
genda, saxelmwifo an kerZo mflobelobaSi iricxeboda
da sxva dasxvagvarad funqcionirebda (Teatri, sportuli
dar bazi, sacekvao darbazi, biblioTeka da a.S.).
2002 wlis 14 oqtombers, saqarTvelos samociqulo avto-
kefalur marTlmadidebel eklesiasa da saxelmwifos
So ris gaformebuli konstituciuri SeTanxmebis safuZ-
velze, saqarTvelos teritoriaze arsebuli marTlma-
didebluri taZrebi, monastrebi (moqmedi da aramoqmedi),
maTi nangrevebi, agreTve miwis nakveTebi, romlebzec isi-
nia ganlagebuli, sapatriarqos sakuTrebad gamocxadda.
8
magram analogiuri nabiji saqarTvelos saxelmwifos
arc erT sxva religiur gaerTianebasTan mimarTebiT ar
gadaudgams; saxelmwifos ar miuRia kanoni restitu-
ciis Sesaxeb; umciresobaTa religiur gaerTianebebs ar
daubrunda ara marto is nagebobebi, romlebzec sapatri-
arqos pretenzia hqonda gacxadebuli, aramed isinic, rom-
lebic sapatriarqos interesTa sferoSi ar Sedioda da
saxelmwifos interesis sagans warmoadgenda. marTalia, sa-
davo sakulto nagebobebis warmomavlobisa da istoriuli
mesakuTris dadgenis mizniT, formalurad, samTavrobo an
interreligiuri komisiebi ramdenjerme Seiqmna, magram
maT realurad arasdros umuSavia.
8. , 7. 1-2.
21
umciresobebis istoriuli memkvidreobis dabrunebaze
dava religiur gaerTianebebs, xelisuflebas da sapa-
triarqos Soris wlebia grZeldeba da saxelmwifos mxri-
dan religiur-eTnikuri niSniT sistemuri diskriminaciis
TvalsaCino nimuSs warmoadgens.
saqarTvelos saxalxo damcveli da saerTaSoriso or ga-
nizaciebi xelisuflebas mudmivad mouwodeben, gadaxedos
istoriuli memkvidreobis dabrunebasTan dakavSirebul
usa marTlo midgomas, moagvaros CamorTmeuli qonebis
res tituciis sakiTxi da aRadginos istoriuli samar-
Tlianoba.
problemas, sakiTxis specifikurobidan gamomdinare, Ti-
To eul religiur gaerTianebasTan mimarTebiT indivi du-
alurad ganvixilavT.
2014 wlis 21 maiss saqarTveloSi gaeros adam ianis
uflebaTa umaRlesma komisarma, navi pilaim, samo-
qalaqo sazogadoebasTan Sexvedrisas, restitu-
ciasTan dakavSirebul kiTxvaze pasuxad ganacxada,
rom igi SeSfoTebulia saxelmwifos mxridan religi-
uri umciresobebisadmi SerCeviTi damokidebulebiT
da mouwoda saqarTvelos xelisuflebas, pativi sces
saerTaSoriso sazogadoebis winaSe nakisr val de-
bulebebsa da sakuTari konstituciis antidis kri mi-
naciul debulebebs.
9
2014 wlis 25 ianvars saqarTveloSi evropis sabWos
adamianis uflebaTa komisarma, nils muJnieksma aR-
niSna, rom CamorTmeuli qonebis restituciis pro-
cesi, religiur umciresobebTan mimarTebiT, erT-
mniSvnelovnad usamarTlod mimdinareobs. bevri
ram aris gasakeTebeli somexTa eparqiis taZrebis
da sabruneblad, am eklesiebidan bevri warmodgens
kulturul Zegls, romlebic dangrevis pirasaa da
9. United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, Navi Pillay Tbilisi, Georgia / 21 May
2014, : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DEQ8IeWddFs
22
aucilebelia, xelisuflebis warmomadgenlebma iz-
ru n on maT Senaxva-reabilitaciaze.
10
qonebis restituciis problemaze amaxvilebs yurad-
Rebas erovnul umciresobaTa dacvis Sesaxeb evropis
sabWos CarCo konvenciis sakonsultacio komiteti
2009 wlis angariSSi. komitetis TqmiT, maSin, roca
saqarTvelos marTlmadidebel eklesias daubrunda
sabWoTa periodSi CamorTmeuli qoneba, religiuri
umciresobebis SemTxvevaSi, es procesi yovndeba.
amasTan erTad, saqarTvelos sapatriarqo Seecada,
xelSi Caegdo sxva konfesiebis kuTvnili qoneba, maT
Soris somxuri marTlmadidebeli samociqulo ekle-
siis taZrebi, magaliTad, noraSeni, romelic me-15
saukunidan somxuri saTvistomos religiuri msa-
xurebis adgils warmoadgenda.
gaeros adamianis uflebaTa komiteti jer kidev
2007 wlis angariSSi mouwodebs saqarTvelos xe li-
suflebas: gadawyvitos religiuri umciresobe-
bis sakulto nagebobebis da maTTan dakavSirebuli
qonebis konfiskaciasTan dakavSirebuli probleme-
bi.
11
restituciis problemaze mudmivad maxvildeba yu-
radReba sxvadasxva angariSSi: sakiTxi mudmivad
xvde ba amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis saxelmwifo
de partamentis yovelwliur angariSSi msoflioSi
re ligiis Tavisuflebis dacvis mdgomareobasTan da-
kavSirebiT;
12
problema asaxulia natos sapar lamento
asambleis angariSSi Savi zRvis regionSi saxelmwifo-
10. , 2, 2014 3 ,
: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nRFPHE7KWGU&list
11. oncluding observations of the Human Rights ommittee on Georgia concerning the
third periodic report, P//GEO/O/3, 15 November 2007, para. 15, available at: http://
www.univie.ac.at/bimtor/dateien/georgia_ccpr_2007_concob91.pdf
12. ,
- 2012, -
: http://www.state.gov/documents/organization/208528.pdf
23
sa da religiis urTierTmimarTebis Ta o baze (2008);
13

religiuri qonebis dabrunebis auci leblobas xazs
usvams rasizmisa da diskriminaciis winaaRmdeg evro-
puli komisiis (ECRI) angariSebi da rekomendaciebi;
14
religiuri gaerTianebebisTvis istoriuli qonebis da-
brunebis aucileblobaze gamudmebiT saubrobs saqar-
Tvelos saxalxo damcveli saparlamento angariSebsa da
Sesabamis rekomendaciebSi;
15
saqarTvelos xelisuf lebas
am problemis mogvarebis mizniT mimarTa saqar Tvelos sa-
xalxo damcvelTan arsebulma religiaTa sabWomac.
16
2.1.1. somexTa samociqulo marTlmadidebeli
wmida eklesiis eparqia
saqarTvelos saxelmwifo arqivis mo nacemebiT, me-20 sau-
kunis damdegs mxolod TbilisSi so mexTa eparqiis 26 ta-
Zari moqmedebda. maTi nawili gasuli saukunis miwuruls
saqarTvelos sapatriarqom yovelgvari dasabuTebis ga-
reSe miiTvisa.
amJamad somexTa samociqulo marTlmadidebeli eklesia
saxelmwifosgan eqvsi taZris dabrunebas iTxovs, romle-
bic ufunqcioa da maT sadavo taZrebs uwodeben, radgan
maTze sakuTrebis pretenzias saqarTvelos sapatriarqoc
acxadebs. am taZrebidan xuTi TbilisSi mdebareobs, erTi
ki - axalcixis municipalitetSi
17
(TbilisSi: surb minas,
misamarTi: gelaTis q. 13; Samxorecoc surb astvawawin,
13. 2008 :
http://www.nato-pa.int/Default.asp?SHORTCUT=1164
14. (ECRI), 2010 -
: http://www.coe.int/t/dghl/monitoring/ecri/country-by-country/geor-
gia/GEO-CbC-IV-2010-017-ENG.pdf
15. :
http://www.ombudsman.ge/ge/saparlamento-angarishebi
16. -
:
http://tolerantoba.ge/index.php?id=1281619877&sub_id=1345202134
17. , 2007
1 #3/181- , -
24
misamarTi: feriscvalebis q. 21; muRnecoc surb gevorg,
misamarTi: beglar axospirelis q. 6; surb nSan, misamar-
Ti: akof akofianis q. 6; noraSen, misamarTi: konstantine
leseliZis q. 41; axal cixis surb nSan - axalcixe).
aRniSnuli eklesiebi saxelmwifos balanszea aRricxuli.
somexTa samociqulo marTlmadidebeli eklesiis epar-
qia mTavrobis warmomadgenlebTan oci wlis ganmavlobaSi
awarmoebs molaparakebebs taZrebis dabrunebis Taobaze.
Tum ca, oficialur werilebze pasuxs ver iRebs. eklesiis
warmomadgenlebis azriT, restituciis sakiTxSi mTavar
wina aRmdegobas saqarTvelos sapatriarqo qmnis, xelisuf-
lebas ki am mimarTulebiT arc erTi qmediTi nabiji ar
gadaudgams.
sapatriarqos erT-erTi argumentia, somxeTSic
gvaqvs eklesiebi dasabrunebelio. maSin awarmoon
molaparakeba somxeTis xelisuflebasTan, gamodis,
rom Cveni taZrebi, saqarTvelos kulturuli memkvi-
dreoba, sapatriarqos mZevlad hyavs ayvanili. - so-
mexTa samociqulo mar Tlmadidebeli wmida eklesiis
saqarTvelos eparqiis iuridiul sakiTxTa, saxel-
mwifosTan urTierTobisa da interreligiuri Tanam-
Sromlobis ganyofilebis xelmZRvaneli levon isaxa-
niani.
amasTanave, aRsaniSnavia, rom noraSeni, surb nSani da
muRnecoc surb gevorgi saqarTvelos mTavrobam 2012
wels oficialurad moixsenia somxur eklesiebad.
erovnul umciresobaTa dacvis Sesaxeb evropuli CarCo
konvenciis Sesrulebis periodul angariSSi, romelic
mTavrobam 2012 wlis 30 maiss warudgina evropis sabWos,
aRniSnulia, rom 2011 wels momzadda Tbilisis som xuri
, , , , ,

.
25
eklesiebis - moRnisis, surb nSanis da noraSenis
restavraciis saproeqto dokumentacia.
18
somxuri samociqulo eklesiis warmomadgeneli sasuli-
ero pirebi gamoTqvamen wuxils, rom wlebis ganmavlobaSi
Seicvala Zeglebis interieri da eqsterieri: freskebidan
da saflavis qvebidan waSales somxurenovani warwerebi da
somxuri saeklesio arqiteqturisTvis damaxasiaTebeli
elementebi.
dResdReobiT, somxuri warmomavlobis kulturuli mem-
kvid reobis Zeglebis umetesoba mZime mdgomareobaSia da
rekonstruqcias saWiroebs. magaliTad, 2009 wlis 19 no-
embers Camoingra me-14 saukunis eklesia muRnecoc surb
gevorg.
19
sabWoTa xelisuflebis periodSi, 1980 wlamde,
eklesiaSi saxalxo xelovnebis muzeumi iyo ganTavsebuli.
Semdeg yvela eqsponati sxva SenobaSi gadaitanes, eklesia
ki avariul mdgomareobaSi darCa.
amJamad TiTqmis mTlianad dangreulia eklesia `Samxore-
coc surb astvawawin, romelic avlabris centrSi mde-
bareobs. SemorCenilia mxolod aRmosavleT, dasavleT da
CrdiloeT mxareTa nawilebi. eklesia 1989 wlis 14 aprils
daingra. xelisuflebis warmomadgenlebis TqmiT, eklesi-
is ngrevis mizezi oTxbaliani miwisZvra iyo.
rogorc aRiniSna, saxelmwifos mier evropis sabWoSi gag-
zavnili dokumentis Tanaxmad, 2011 wels momzadda Tbili-
sis eklesiebis - `moRnecoc surb gevorg, `surb nSanis
da `noraSenis restavraciis saproeqto dokumentacia.
miu xedavad amisa, 2012 wlis 6 ianvars surb nSanSi, Sida
18. Second Report Submitted by Georgia Pursuant to Article 25, Paragraph 2 of the Frame-
work Convention for the Protection of National Minorities, ACFC/SR/II(2012)001, 30 May
2012, para. 109, page 49, available at: http://www.coe.int/t/dghl/monitoring/minorities/3_
FCNMdocs/PDF_2nd_SR_Georgia_en.pdf, p.52 Project documentation for restoration of
the Armenian Moghnisi Church, Surbnishani and Norasheni Churches in Tbilisi were nal-
ized in 2011.
19. .
2011
26
sivrceSi wlobiT dagrovebuli nagvis mizeziT, xanZari
gaCnda, xolo 10 ianvars gumbaTis sayrdeni oTxi sveti-
dan erT-erTi Camoiqca.
20
sabWoTa periodSi taZari jer
makaronebis sawyobad, Semdeg ki erovnuli biblioTekis
somxurenovani wignebis fondis arqivad gamoiyeneboda.
am SemTxvevamde taZars xanZari 2002 welsac gauCnda, ris
Semdegac `surb nSanis iataki erT metramde nagviT iyo
mofenili; taZars usaxlkaroebi da upatrono ZaRlebi
afarebdnen Tavs.
21
ganmeorebiTi xanZrisa da samreklos
Camongrevis Semdeg Tbilisis meriam taZarze aRdgeniTi
samuSaoebi daiwyo.
reabilitacias saWiroebs taZari `noraSeni, magram, am
eta pisTvis sarestavracio samuSaoebi ar dawyebula, ek-
le siidan mxolod wignebi gaitanes da Sida interieri
daa sufTaves. taZari sabWoTa periodamde somxur samo-
ciqulo eklesias ekuTvnoda, sabWoTa periodSi masSi mec-
nierebaTa akademiis biblioTeka iyo ganTavsebuli. 1995
wlis 15 Tebervals ki, sapatriarqos gadawyvetilebiT,
yovladwminda RvTismSoblis xarebis eklesiad akur Txes
da marTlmadidebluri wesiT wirva Caatares. somxuri mxa-
ris protestis Semdeg sapatriarqos warmomadgenlebs
eklesiaSi RvTismsaxureba aRar CautarebiaT, Tumca, ta-
Zari somxuri eklesiis eparqias saxelmwifom ar daubruna.
2008 wels marTlmadidebelma sasuliero pirma, tariel
sikinWilaSvilma, `noraSenis taZris ezoSi dasaflave-
buli somexi mecenatebis saflavis qvebi gadaadgila. am
faqts Seeswrnen saqarTvelos somxuri warmoSobis mo-
qalaqeebi, romlebmac gaaprotestes aRniSnuli qmedeba.
amis Semdeg sasaflao qva daabrunes Tavdapirvel adgi-
las.
22
somxuri eklesiis warmomadgenlebis TqmiT, vanda-
20. .
: http://www.tolerantoba.ge/index.php?news_id=131
21. - , ,
http://www.radiotavisupleba.ge/content/article/24457831.html
22. - . : http://www.youtube.com/
watch?v=UP_SdA_kuLc
27
luri qmedebis mizani somxurenovani warwerebis waSla da
am gziT taZ ris qarTuli warmomavlobis dasabuTeba iyo.
saqarTvelos sxva dasxva adgilidan sasaflaos qvebi moi-
tanes qarTulenovani warwerebiT. taZris SigniT ki daan-
gries somxuri saeklesio arqiteqturisTvis damaxasiaTe-
beli sakur Txeveli.
23
2013 wlis 28 ivniss, mTavrobis #671 gankargulebis sa-
fuZvelze,
24
Seiqmna uwyebaTaSorisi komisia, romelsac un-
da Seeswavla eklesiebis `muRnecoc surb gevorg, `surb
minas da `surb nSanis momijnaved kerZo sakuTrebaSi/
mflobelobaSi arsebul uZrav qonebasTan dakavSirebuli
sakiTxebi. gankargulebis Tanaxmad, komisias ori Tvis
vadaSi mTavrobisTvis Sesabamisi angariSi unda waredgina.
2013 wlis 23 seqtembers mTavrobam gamosca gankarguleba
(#1387)
25
uwyebaTaSorisi komisiis moqmedebis vadis ori
TviT gagrZelebis Sesaxeb (2013 wlis 30 noembramde). 2013
wlis 25 noembers mTavrobam gamosca axali gankarguleba
(#1587),
26
romlis mixedviTac ivnisSi Seqmnil uwyebaTa-
Soris komisias daevala samuSao jgufis Seqmna da mieni-
Wa qonebaze eqspertizis damkveTi uwyebis gansazRvris
uflebamosileba.
somexTa samociqulo marTlmadidebeli eklesiis eparqiis
warmomadgenlebTan Sexvedrisas komisiis Tavmjdomaris,
aleq sandre margiaSvilis gancxadebiT, samuSao jgufs aR-
niSnuli sakiTxi 2014 wlis gazafxulamde unda Seeswavla,
ris Semdegac SesaZlebeli iqneboda eklesiebis reabili-
tacia. tolerantobisa da mravalferovnebis institutis
(TDI) warmomadgenelTan saubarSi margiaSvilma aRniSna,
rom som xuri taZrebis reabilitaciasTan dakavSirebiT, am
23. : http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oH2kf-XDwuw
24. : https://matsne.gov.ge/index.
php?option=com_ldmssearch&view=docView&id=2220229&lang=ge
28
etapze, arsebiTi siaxleebi ar aris. samuSao jgufi ivnisis
Sua ricxvebSi unda Seikribos, dagegmilia, rom gafar-
Tovdes samuSao areali da sakiTxi kompleqsurad Sefas-
des.
2.1.2. laTin kaTolikeTa kavkasiis samociqulo
adminis tracia
kaTolike eklesia ver ibrunebs xuT taZars, romle bic ga-
sabWoebamde mis sakuTrebas warmoadgenda, esenia: quTai-
sis, goris, baTumis, ivlitasa (axalcixis municipaliteti)
da udes (adigenis municipaliteti) eklesiebi. maTi dRe-
vandeli mesakuTre saqarTvelos sapatriarqoa.
xuTidan mxolod erT, ivlitas taZarSi kaTolike mrevls
marTlmadidebeli eklesiis warmomadgenlebma kviraSi er-
Txel, erTi saaTis ganmavlobaSi locvis ufleba misces.
xalxi SeCveuli iyo komunistebis dros Cumad loc-
vas da axlac ise loculoben am taZarSi. kaTolikeeb-
ma scades molaparakeba, rom maTi trapezic daedgaT
taZarSi, magram marTlmadideblebma upasuxes, rom
Tqvens mere taZris ganwmendis locvas vkiTxulobT,
trapezs rogor dagadgmevinebTo, - mama akaki WeliZe.
taZrebis dabrunebisTvis brZola kaTolike eklesiam 80-
iani wlebis miwuruls daiwyo. eklesiebis sargeblobis
uflebiT gadacemis TxovniT maT adgilobrivi da cen-
traluri xelisuflebis warmomadgenlebs ramdenjerme
mimarTes.
2001 wlis agvistos saqarTvelos sapatriarqosa da vati-
kanis warmomadgenlebis Sexvedraze sapatriarqom meore
mxares SesTavaza, rom sadavod miCneuli taZrebis gan-
xilva gadadebuliyo an saerTod dRis wesrigidan moex-
snaT, rasac vatikanis warmomadgenloba ar daeTanxma; sa-
29
patriarqom argumentad religiis sferoSi samarTlebrivi
regulaciebis ararseboba daasaxela.
27
2001 wels kaTolike eklesiam sasamarTlos gziT scada
quTaisis RvTismSoblis xarebis eklesiis dabruneba.
Tum ca, kaTolikeTa sarCeli ar dakmayofilda. rogorc
Tbilisis saolqo, aseve uzenaesma sasamarTlom CaTvala,
rom sadavo eklesia, romelic 1939 wlamde kaTolikeTa
religiuri RvTismsaxurebis adgils warmoadgenda, davis
momentSi maTlmadidebluri eklesia iyo. sapatriarqom
RvTismSoblis xarebis eklesia sajaro reestrSi Tavis
saxelze 2003 wlis 6 marts, uzenaesi sasamarTlos mier
gadawyvetilebis miRebamde (2004 wlis 27 aprili) erTi
wliT adre daaregistrira. quTaisis saqmis Semdeg kaTo-
like eklesias sxva taZrebis dabruneba sasamarTlos gziT
aRar ucdia.
28

sadavo taZrebis kuTvnilebis dadgenisa da samarTlebrivi
regulaciebis SemuSavebis mizniT, wlebis ganmavlobaSi,
for malurad, ramdenime komisia Seiqmna, romelTagan arc
erTs ar umuSavia. 2004 wels Seiqmna marTlmadideblur-
kaTolikuri komisia, romelic sul orjer Seikriba da
sabolood funqcionireba Sewyvita.
29
saqarTvelos mTav-
robis 2012 wlis 21 Tebervlis #63 dadgenilebis Tanaxmad,
premier-ministris TavmjdomareobiT unda Camoyalibebu-
liyo saqarTvelos saxelmwifosa da saqarTvelos samoci-
qulo avtokefalur marTlmadidebel eklesias So ris kon-
stituciuri SeTanxmebiT gaTvaliswinebuli sa kiTxebis
27. ,
http://www.sg-sakdari.ge/sakatedro%20tadzari.php
28. 2004 27 (N,
27541603). -
(TDI)

, , 2014 . : http://bit.ly/1r8FJHc
29. - , , 23.10.2013,
: http://www.tabula.ge/ge/story/62285-axali-xelisueba-dzveli-katoli-
kuri-tadzrebi
30
ganmxilveli samTavrobo ko misia; am komisiis erT-erTi
jgufis funqcia swored sakulto nagebobebis warmoma-
vlobis dadgena unda yofiliyo. rogorc toleranto-
bisa da mravalferovnebis institutisTvis (TDI) mTavro-
bis kancelariisa da ssip saxelmwifo qonebis erovnuli
saagentos mier gamogzavnili oficialuri werilebidan
irkveva, aRniSnuli komisia dRemde ar Seqmnila.
30
2012 wels kulturisa da ZeglTa dacvis ministri, guram
odiSaria, sadavo qonebis Semswavleli kidev erTi komisi-
is Seqmnis iniciativiT gamovida. Tumca, erTi wlis Tavze,
2013 wlis maisSi, ministrma JurnalistebTan saubarSi
ganacxada, rom, sakiTxis sensitiurobidan gamomdinare,
aRniSnuli problemis mogvareba dros moiTxovda. 2014
wels tolerantobisa da mravalferovnebis institutis-
Tvis (TDI) saministros mier gamogzavnili oficialuri
pasuxis mixedviT, aRniSnuli komisia saministroSi ar ar-
sebobs.
31
2013 wlis 11 noembers ministrma mediasTan aRniSna, rom
xuTi e.w. sadavo eklesia kaTolikuria
32
da isini isto-
riul memkvidreebs unda daubrundes. magram realuri
nabijebi arc am gancxadebas mohyolia. kaTolike ekle-
siis warmomadgenlebs aRniSnuli sakiTxis gansaxilvelad
mTavrobis mxridan aravin dakavSirebia.
kvlevis farglebSi Catarebul interviuebSi laTin kaTo-
likeTa samociqulo administraciis warmomadgenlebi aR-
niSnaven, rom dResdReobiT zogierTi sakulto nagebobis
sargeblobis uflebiT gamoyenebazec Tanaxma arian, Tuki
marTlmadideblebTan erTad RvTismsaxurebis Catarebis
uflebas maTac miscemen. rac Seexeba im qalaqebs, sadac
30. - #14/10899 (26
/2014); , # 10868, 31 /2014
31. , #04/11-
1272 (17//2014 )
32. , ,
, . : http://www.netgazeti.ge/GE/105/
News/25302/
31
kaTolike mrevli SedarebiT mcire raodenobiTaa (mag. ba-
Tumi), kaTolikeebi saxelmwifosgan mxolod taZrebis is-
toriul memkvidreebad aRiarebas iTxoven.
wlebis ganmavlobaSi Seicvala kaTolikuri taZrebis Sida
da gare iersaxe. kaTolike eklesiis warmomadgenlebi miiC-
neven, rom marTlmadidebeli sasuliero pirebis qmedeba
taZrebze kaTolikuri warmomavlobis damadasturebeli
niSnebis waSlas emsaxureba.
Tavidan, 1993-94 wlebSi, udes taZarSi kaTolikeebis-
Tvis gamoyofili iyo salocavi adgili, mere gauqmda.
interieridan gaitanes Cveni jvari da kaTolikuri
atributika. axla locvis uflebasac ar gvaZleven,
- mama mixeil surmava.
***
udes RvTismSoblis saxelobis taZari adigenis muni-
cipalitetSi mdebareobs da igi 1904-1906 wlebSi
kaTolike qarTvelebma aaSenes. eklesiis samxreT da
CrdiloeT fasadze Cayolebulia filebi, romelzec
weria, rom eklesia agebulia qarTveli kaTolikeebis
mier muslimi Tanasoflelebis daxmarebiT. 1930-ian
wlebSi kaTolike mRvdelmsaxuri daapatimres, xo-
lo taZari kolmeurneobis sawyobad aqcies. 1990
ian wlebSi saxelmwifom taZari saqarTvelos mar-
Tlmadideblur eklesias gadasca da mas Semdeg iq
locva marTlmadidebluri wesiT mimdinareobs.
33
amJamad sofel udeSi kaTolikuri eklesiis gverdiT
aSenebulia axali samreklo, saTavsoebi da patri-
arqis mosasvenebeli adgili. savele samuSaoebis
dros TDI-is mkvlevarTa jgufsa da adgilobriv mar-
Tlmadidebel sasuliero pirs Soris aseTi dialogi
gaimarTa:
33. ,
. : http://tolerantoba.ge/index.
php?news_id=293
32
marTlmadidebeli sasuliero piri: didi Sroma
dagvWirda, rom es taZari dagvesufTavebina... gavi-
taneT mwvalebluri nivTebi... Tojinebi. axla, RvTis
madliT, wirva-locva aRevlineba.
mkvlevari: es taZari xom kaTolikebs ekuTvnoda,
axla sofelSi mcxovrebi kaTolikebi ratom veRar
Semodian?
marTlmadidebeli sasuliero piri: kaTolikebi sad-
Ra arian, sul ramdenime moxucia darCenili. egeni
papistebi arian.
2012 wlis noembers adgilobrivma marTlmadidebelma
sasuliero pirebma TviTneburad daiwyes taZris gum-
baTis sarekonstruqcio samuSaoebi. marTlmadidebe-
li winam ZRvris, mRvdel grigolisa da adgilobrivi
eklesiis msaxurebis ganmartebiT, taZarSi Weridan
wvimis wyali Camodioda, amitom gumbaTis SekeTeba
aucilebeli iyo. Tumca, kulturisa da ZeglTa dac-
vis saministrosgan saremonto samuSaoebis dasaw-
yebad saWiro nebarTva aravis auRia. marTlmadide-
belma sasuliero pirebma Tavi imiT gaimarTles, rom
me-20 saukuneSi aSenebuli sakulto nagegoba kul-
turuli Zegli ver iqnebao. sinamdvileSi ki udes
RvTismSoblis taZars kulturis uZravi Zeglis sta-
tusi jer kidev 2006 wels mieniWa.
34
saxalxo damcvelTan arsebuli tolerantobis cen-
tris warmomadgenlebTan saubarSi taZris mRvdelma
ganacxada, rom dagegmili iyo eklesia soliseburad
gadaexuraT da marTlmadidebluri saeklesio arqi-
teqturisTvis damaxasiaTebeli forma miecaT, xolo
jvari daemSvenebinaT .
35
34. ,
N 3/133. 2006 . 30 , .
35. ,
. :
http://tolerantoba.ge/index.php?news_id=293
33
kaTolike mRvdlis, mixeil surmavas ganmartebiT,
jvris CamoReba mizanmimarTuli nabiji iyo, radgan
mas ze amotvifruli warwera: Camoisxa 127 kaTo-
likes Se sawiriT, eklesiis kaTolikur warmomav-
lobaze mia niSnebda, sasuliero pirebs ki am kvalis
waSla surdaT. adgilobrivi mosaxleobis protes-
tis Semdeg saqmeSi kulturis saministro CaerTo.
sabolood, gadawyda, rom gumbaTs ekleqturi forma
eqneboda, kaTolikuri da marTlmadidebluri ekle-
siis arqiteqturisTvis damaxasiaTebeli elemen-
tebisa da detalebis SezavebiT.
2.1.3. evangelur-luTeruli eklesia
evangelur-luTeruli eklesia, sxva religiuri gaer-
Tianebebis msgavsad, oci welia, iTxovs sabWoTa periodSi
CamorTmeuli qonebis dabrunebas. eklesiis episkoposis,
hans ioaxim kiderlenis TqmiT, maT 2010 wels oficialuri
weriliT mimarTes saqarTvelos prezidents, mixeil saa-
kaSvils da warudgines CamorTmeuli qonebis nusxa, rom-
lis dabrunebasac iTxovdnen, Tumca pasuxi ar miuRiaT.
amis Semdeg eklesiam mimarTa ekonomikisa da mdgradi gan-
viTarebis saministros, TeTriwyaros municipalitetis
sofel asureTsa da daba bolnisSi arsebuli luTeruli
taZrebis dabrunebis Taobaze. werilze eklesias konkre-
tuli pasuxi ar miuRia.
sofel asureTSi (elizabettali), sadac germaneli
kolonis tebi 1818 wlidan dasaxldnen, dRemde SemorCe-
nilia mecxramete saukunis bolos maT mier aSenebuli
eklesia. 1941 wels aq mcxovrebi germanelebis umravle-
soba stalinis brZanebiT Sua aziaSi gadaasaxles da sofe-
li daicala. germanelebis mcire nawili sabWoTa kavSiris
daSlis Semdeg dabrunda. asureTis eklesia dRes naxevrad
dangreulia, Tumca moqmedebs samlocvelo, romelsac
marTlmadidebeli mrevli iyenebs. rac Seexeba bolnisis
34
eklesias, masSi sportuli darbazia ganTavsebuli. orive
nageboba amJamad saxelmwifos sakuTrebas warmoadgens.
iq gaakeTes patara kapela [asureTSi]... mosaxleoba
uvlis. xatebi dades, sanTlebs anTeben... gvindoda,
gagveyo eklesia - marTlmadideblebic Sevidodnen
da Cvenc, Tumca jerjerobiT ver movilaparakeT, -
pastori irina solei.
2014 wlis 27 ianvars mTavrobis mier oTxi konfesiis Tvis
sabWoTa dros miyenebuli materialuri da moraluri
zianis anazRaurebis Sesaxeb miRebuli gadawyvetilebis
Semdeg, rome lic evangelur-luTeruli eklesiisTvis
za ralis kompensa cias ar iTvaliswinebs, evangelur-
luTerulma eklesiam pre mier-ministrisTvis gagzavnil
oficialur werilSi mTav robas CamorTmeuli qonebis dab-
runebis TxovniT mimarTa. pasuxi arc aRniSnul werilze
miuRiaT.
2.1.4. muslimuri Temi
dResdReobiT muslimuri Temi qvemo qarTlSi 18 istoriu-
li, ufunqcio meCeTis, adigenis raionSi 4, xolo aWaraSi 3
meCeTis gadacemas an ukidures SemTxvevaSi, dasufTavebasa
da aRdgenas iTxovs. meCeTebis absoluturi umravlesoba
saxelmwifo sakuTrebas warmoadgens, nawili ki saerTod
ar aris registrirebuli.
Siit muslimTa yofili Seixis, vagif aqperovis TqmiT, mo-
laparakebebi qvemo qarTlis meCeTebis sakuTrebis uf-
lebiT gadmocemaze wlebis ganmavlobaSi mimdinareobs,
Tumca gadmocemis SemTxvevaSi problemas warmoqmnis
meCeTebis movlisa da komunaluri gadasaxadebis gadaxdis
sakiTxi.
muslimi morwmuneebi aWaris avtonomiuri respubli-
kis teritoriaze sami meCeTis gadmocemisa da aRdgenis
35
moTxovniT adgilobriv da centralur xelisuflebas
wlebia mimarTaven.
samidan erTi istoriuli meCeTi, qobuleTis munici-
palitetSi, sofel muxaestateSi mdebareobda da funq-
cionirebda rogorc policia, Tumca 2010 wels yofili
meCeTi mTlianad daangries da mis adgilze policiis axali
Senoba aaSenes.
meore meCeTi, qobuleTSi aRmaSeneblis gamzir 100-Si mde-
bare Senoba-nageboba (yofili kinoTeatri rusTa veli),
registrirebulia saxelmwifo sakuTrebad da saqarT-
velos ekonomikuri ganviTarebis ministris 2007 wlis 9
agvistos #1-1/1197 brZanebiT, Sesulia saprivatizacio
qonebis nusxaSi. 2007 wlis 16 oqtombers muslimTa sasu-
liero-samufTo sammarTvelom saqarTvelos ekonomikuri
ganviTarebis mi nis trs meCeTis usasyidlod dabrunebisa
da religiuri daniSnulebiT misi ganaxlebis TxovniT
mimarTa. werilze pasuxi muslimebs ar miuRiaT.
xelvaCauris munucipalitetis sofel gvaraSi arsebul
mesame meCeTs raime samoqalaqo daniSnuleba ar aqvs, miuxe-
davad amisa, muslimTa Temi mis dabrunebasac uSedegod
cdilobs.
mZime mdgomareobaSia samcxe-javaxeTSi mdebare muslimuri
salocavebi. abasTumanSi me-19 saukunis meCeTis nangrevebi
mitovebulia. maxloblad repatrirebul mesxTa 12-mde
mus limi ojaxi cxovrobs. adgilobrivma qristianebma aq
meCeTs kari Camoxsnes da boslad iyeneben.
36
analogiuri
mdgomareobaa adigenis raionis sofel flateSi, sadac
umoqmedo meCeTs adgilobrivma mosaxleebma qvakuTxedebi
moangries. es qvebi zarzmis monastris mRvdlebma taZris
maxloblad senakebis asagebad gamoiyenes. mosaxleobam
36. , , 04.02.2011, -
: http://www.tabula.ge/ge/story/53728-naxevarmtvaris-motaceba
37. , ,
, . : http://liberali.ge/ge/liberali/
articles/100715/
36
meCeTis daSla swored sasuliero pirebis iniciativiT
daiwyo im motiviT, rom sakulto nageboba kulturul da
istoriul Zegls ar warmoadgenda.
37
2009 wels zarzmis
monasterSi flatedan waRebuli qvebi saxalxo damcvelis
aparatidan Casulma jgufma aRmoaCina. niSandoblivia, rom
am vandaluri qmedebisTvis pasuxi aravis ugia.
problemas warmoadgens adigenis raionis sofel moxeSi
meoce saukuneSi agebuli meCeTis sakiTxi, romelic sab-
WoTa periodSi iZulebiT gadasaxlebuli mesxebis aSenebu-
lia. Senoba didi xnis ganmavlobaSi sawyobad, biblioTekad
da soflis klubad gamoiyeneboda. dRes igi amortizebuli
da ufunqcioa.
38
2008 wels muslimma mosaxleobam adigenis
municipalitetis gamgeobas meCeTis restavraciis TxovniT
mimarTa. municipaliteti Tems Senobis SekeTebas dapirda,
Tumca sarestavracio samuSaoebi dRemde ar Catarebula.
samcxe-javaxeTis mufTis, mamuka vaSaymaZis TqmiT, Temma
2014 wlis 30 maiss municipalitetis gamgeobas oficial-
uri weriliT ganmeorebiT mimarTa - muslimebi Senobis
ssip sruliad saqarTvelos muslimTa sammarTvelosTvis
sa kuTrebis uflebiT gadacemas iTxoven. sofelSi Casuli
iyo dasavleT saqarTvelos mufTi jemal paqsaZec. Tumca,
rogorc mogvianebiT gairkva, adgilob rivi TviTmmarTv-
elobis arCev nebamde gamgeobas gancxadeba ar ganuxilavs.
moxes meCeTis muslimebisTis dabrunebas ewinaaRmdegebian
adgilobrivi mar Tlmadideblebi, romelTa TqmiT, sof-
lis centrSi muslimuri salocavis mSeneblobas ar dauS-
veben.
39
38. , , 04.02.2011, -
: http://www.tabula.ge/ge/story/53728-naxevarmtvaris-motaceba
39. ?,
, 31.05.2013, http://sknews.ge/index.php?newsid=3796#.U5l-
rpnKSzp4
37
2.1.5. iudauri Temi
sabWoTa dros CamorTmeuli sakulto nagebobebis sa-
kuTrebis uflebiT dabrunebis sakiTxi aq tualuria saqar-
Tvelos iudauri TemisTvisac.
maTi monacemebiT, moqmedi sinagogebi mdebareobs Tbilis-
Si, quTaisSi, axalcixeSi, onSi, gorSi, baTumsa da cagerSi.
40

xsenebuli sinagogebi Tems grZelvadiani ijariT sargeb-
lobis uflebiT gadaeca.
TbilisSi aTonelis quCa #10-Si mdebare Senoba, sadac 1930
wlamde sinagoga mdebareobda, dRes ki samefo ubnis Teat-
ri moqmedebs, xangrZlivi sasamarTlo davis Semdeg, 2001
wels, ebrael Ta religiur sazogadoebas nawilobrivi Ta-
nasakuTrebis uf lebiT gadaeca.
41

qalaq Tbilisis municipalitetis kabinetis 1995 wlis 22
ivnisis dadgenilebiT, Senoba sakuTrebis uflebiT gadae-
ca ebraelTa religiur sazogadoebas. Tumca, 1988 wlidan
igi flobisa da sargeblobis uflebiT gadacemuli hqon-
da saxelmwifos axalgazrdul dramatul Teatr-studia
m.T.-s, romelmac, Tavis mxriv, saijaro xelSekrulebis
safuZvelze Senoba gadasca j.b.-is saxelobis Tbilisis ...
instituts.
uzenaesma sasamarTlom Seafasa istoriuli mtkicebule-
bebi Senobis warmoSobis Taobaze da miiCnia, rom sadavo
Senobis dabrunebis moTxovnas faqtobrivi safuZveli
hqonda da ZalaSi datova municipalitetis kabinetis dad-
genilebis is nawili, romelic exeboda sadavo Senobis yo-
fili samlocvelo darbazis gadacemas ebraelTa religi-
uri sazogadoebisTvis, xolo dadgenilebis is nawili,
romelic exeboda Senobis sxva nawilis gadacemas, baTilad
40. ,

.
41.
3/132, 10 , 2001
38
cno. Tumca, rogorc Temis warmomadgenlebi aRniSnaven,
sasamarTlo gadawyvetilebis miuxedavad, konfliqtis Ta-
vidan aridebis mizniT, Temma mTliani Senoba Teatralur
dass gaurkveveli vadiT dauTmo.
iudauri Temis warmomadgenlebis TqmiT, gadaudebel
sares tavracio samuSaoebs saWiroebs onis, quTaisisa da
axalcixeSi rabaTis teritoriaze mdebare sinagogebi.
q. axalcixeSi mdebareobs ori sinagoga, romlebsac mini We-
buli aqvs kulturuli memkvidreobis Zeglis statusi da
saxelmwifos sakuTrebas warmoadgens.
42
erTi maTgani moq-
media da mas 2012-2013 wlebSi Cautarda sarestavracio-aR-
dgeniTi samuSaoebi. amJamad problemuria meore sinagogis
sakiTxi, romelSic sportuli darbazi iyo ganTavsebuli.
2012 wels saxalxo damcvelTan arsebuli erovnul umci-
resobaTa sabWos monitoringis jgufis ZalisxmeviT da
imJamindeli gamgeblis mxardaWeriT sportuli darbazi
gauqmda da aRar funqcionirebs. Tumca Senoba dasufTave-
bas da restavracias saWiroebs.
amJamad sarestavracio samuSaoebi mimdinareobs onis si-
nagogaze. Temis warmomadgenlebis TqmiT, 2013 wlis Se mod-
gomaze restavraciis procesi xarvezebiT mimdinareobda.
kerZod, gaburRes gumbaTis qveS kedeli da armaturis
dayenebis gasaadvileblad didi raodenobiT wylis Wav-
li SeuSves, ramac gumbaTis sayrdeni daaziana. zamTarSi
sarestavracio samuSaoebi SeCerebuli iyo.
42. 2010 28 -
#3/272
39
saWiroa, mTavrobam gaiTvaliswinos saqarTvelos sa-
xalxo damcvelis rekomendacia
43
restituciis sakiTxTa
Semswavleli samTavrobo komisiis Camoyalibebis Se saxeb,
romelSic aseve warmodgenili iqnebian sa xalxo dam-
cvelisa da dainteresebuli religiuri gaerTianebebis
warmomadgenlebi. komisiam mokle dro Si unda SeimuSavos
sabWoTa periodSi CamorTme uli qo nebis istoriuli mem-
kvidreebisTvis dabrunebis kon kretuli samoqmedo gegma
da uzrunvelyos misi drouli da efeqturi implementacia.
uzrunvelyos yvela religiuri gaerTianebis sakul-
to nagebobebze zrunva - SenarCuneba, rekonstruqcia
da restavracia; gansakuTrebiT, religiuri umci-
resobebis im sakulto nagebobebis movla, romlebic
kulturuli memkvidreobis Zeglebs da/an amJamad
ufunqcio, e.w. sadavo taZrebs warmoadgenen;
gaataros prevenciuli RonisZiebebi, raTa e.w. sadavo
sakulto nagebobebis interieri da eqsterieri TviT-
neburad ar Seicvalos da ar daziandes;
aRweros yvela religiuri gaerTianebis sakulto
nageboba, Seiqmnas srulyofili monacemTa baza da Se-
sabamisi kriteriumebis dakmayofilebis SemTxvevaSi
mieceT maT Zeglis statusi.
43. . 2013
40
2.2. sakulto da arareligiuri daniSnulebis
nage bobebis mSenebloba
problema: religiuri gaerTianebebisTvis xSirad prob-
lemas warmoadgens kanoniT dadgenil vadaSi sakulto da
ara religiuri daniSnulebis nagebobebis mSeneblobisTvis
saWiro nebarTvis miReba.
araerTi religiuri gaerTianeba TviTmmarTvelobis orga-
noebTan urTierTobisas xelovnurad Seqmnil barierebs
awydeba. 2012-2014 wlebSi aRniSnuli problemis winaSe
aRmoCndnen: iehovas mowmeTa qristianuli organizacia,
laTin kaTolikeTa kavkasiis samociqulo administracia
da meSvide dRis qristian adventistTa transkavkasiuri
iunioni. aseve muslimi Temi, baTumSi axali meCeTis agebas-
Tan dakavSirebiT.
TviTmmarTelobis organoebi xSirad xelovnur dabrkole-
bebs uqmnian religiur gaerTianebebs, iTvaliswineben an
upi ratesobas aniWeben umravlesobis nebas, rac umcireso-
bebis mimarT diskriminaciul praqtikas warmoadgens.
problemis aRwera:
2.2.1. TviTmmarTvelobis organoebSi Seqmnili
sirTu leebi
kvlevis farglebSi gamokiTxuli religiuri orga-
nizaciebis warmomadgenlebi aRniSnaven, rom sakulto
Tu arareligiuri daniSnulebis konstruqciebis mSeneb-
lobisas adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis organoebi ne-
barTvis gacemas aWianureben.
44
magaliTad, iehovas mowmeTa
qristianuli or ganizacia ver axerxebs samefo darbazis
mSeneb lobas suramSi, xaSursa da dedofliswyaroSi. sa-
44.
- , , -
-

2009 24 #57 .
41
mive SemTxvevaSi religiurma gaerTianebam mSeneblobis ne-
barTvis misaRebad saWiro do kumentacia moamzada, Tumca
mSeneblobis nebarTva kanoniT dadgenil vadaSi ver miiRo.
mSeneblobis nebarTvis gamcemi administraciuli organoe-
bis TviTnebobisa da vadebis gaWianurebis umniSvnelovane-
si garantia mocemulia saqarTvelos mTavrobis dadgenile-
baSi mSeneblobis nebarTvis gacemis wesisa da samSeneblo
pirobebis Sesaxeb (2009 wlis 24 marti, dadgenileba #57).
aRniSnuli dokumentis Tanaxmad, Tu nebarTvis TiToeul
stadiaze administraciulma organom gadawyvetileba ar
miiRo dadgenilebiT gansazRvrul vadaSi, CaiTvleba, rom
miRebulia nebarTvis maZiebeli pirisTvis sasargeblo
gadawyvetileba - damtkicda ganacxadiT moTxovnili piro-
bebi (muxli 45.12), arqiteqturuli proeqti (muxli 52.5) an
gaica mSeneblobis nebarTva (muxli 54.7).
mTavrobis dadgenilebis mixedviT, gaWianurebisTvis
pasu xismgebloba ekisreba administraciul organos,
rac mxaris dacvisTvis mniSvnelovani meqanizmia. Tumca,
rodesac ie ho vas mowmeTa araregistrirebulma kavSirma,
xaSuri Crdi loeTma aRniSnuli muxlebis safuZvelze
moiTxova mSeneblobis nebarTvis gacema xaSursa da su-
ramSi dagegmili mSeneblobisTvis, xaSuris raionulma
45- ,

.
,
, , (
), -
.
. 52- -4
, ,

. ,
-
. 45- -12 ,
,
. 45-
-12

.
42
sasamarTlom CaTvala, rom mTavrobis dadgenilebis ze-
moxsenebuli debulebebi winaaRmdegobaSi modis zogadi
administraciuli kodeqsis 177-e muxlis me-2 punqtTan
da radgan es ukanaskneli ufro maRali iuridiuli Zalis
mqone aqtia, mTavrobis dadgenileba ar moqmedebs.
45
raionuli sasamarTlos es gadawyvetileba ZalaSi datova
Tbilisis saapelacio sasamarTlomac
46
. Sesabamisad, sasa-
marTlo praqtikam mTavrobis dadgenileba Zaladakargu-
lad gamo acxada, riTac daikarga administraciuli
organoebis mi er samSeneblo nebarTvebis gaWianurebis sa-
winaaRmdego me qanizmebi. mxareebs am SemTxvevaSi uflebis
dacvis erTaderT meqanizmad administraciuli da sa-
samarTlo gasaCivreba rCe baT, rac, Tavis mxriv, Zviri da
xangrZlivi procesia.
qalaq rusTavSi sakulto nagebobis aSenebis nebarTvas ver
iRebs laTin kaTolikeTa samociqulo administraciac.
2013 wlis 21 maiss qalaq rusTavis sakrebulos Tavmjdo-
marem gamosca brZaneba, romlis safuZvelzec eklesias
samSeneblod miwis nakveTis gamoyenebis pirobebi daum-
tkicda. mSeneblobis meore etapze, 2013 wlis 26 ivliss,
kaTolike eklesiam sakrebulos gancxadebiT mimarTa da
kanoniT gaTvaliswinebuli yvela dokumenti waradgina.
adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis organo kaTolike ekle-
siis warmomadgenlebs zepiri SeTanxmebis farglebSi da-
pirda, rom pasuxs male acnobebda, Tumca religiur orga-
nizacias mSeneblobis nebarTvis meore etapis dasrulebis
Sesaxeb werilobiT pasuxi eqvsi Tvis ganmavlobaSi ar mi-
uRia. 2014 wlis Tebervlis bolos eklesiam qalaq rusTavis
sakrebulos Tavmjdomares gancxadebiT kidev erTxel
mimarTa, Tumca gancxadebas reagireba arc amjerad moh-
yolia.
45.
#3-11-2013 (130370413187587), 30 , 2013
46. -
3/1025-13, 29 , 2013
43
2.2.2. adgilobrivi mosaxleobis winaaRmdegoba
mSeneb lobis nebarTvis gacemasTan dakavSirebiT TviTm-
marTvelobis organoebis gadawyvetilebaze adgilobrivi
mosax leobis protestic axdens gavlenas. marTlmadidebe-
li mrev lisa da sasuliero pirebis zewoliT sajaro pire bi
umciresobebis mimarT diskriminaciul politikas axor ci-
eleben.
zogierT SemTxvevaSi marTlmadidebeli eklesiis mrev-
li xelmowerebis Segrovebis gziT cdilobs, religiur
umci resobebs xeli SeuSalos sakulto Tu samoqalaqo
daniSnule bis nagebobis mSeneblobaSi. magaliTad, 2013
wels xaSurSi samefo darbazis mSeneblobis winaaRmdeg mu-
nicipalitetis gamgeobaSi Sevida werili, romelsac 200 mo-
qalaqe awerda xels. xelmomwerebi iehovas mowmeTa sakul-
to nagebobis mSeneblobas ewinaaRmdegebodnen im motiviT,
rom aRniSuli nageboba maxloblad mdebare qristianul
sasaflaos Seu racxyofda.
2013 wlis zafxulSi TerjolaSi, adgilobrivi mosaxleo-
bisa da marTlmadidebeli sasuliero pirebis zewoliT,
municipalitetis sakrebulom iehovas mowmeebs qalaqis
centr Si, oTxi Zmis quCaze, erTsarTuliani sacxovrebeli
saxlis mSeneblobis nebarTva SeuCera. erTsarTuliani,
martivi kategoriis sacxovrebeli saxlis mSeneblobis ne-
barTva religiurma gaerTianebam 2014 wlis 19 Tebervals
moipova. Tumca mSeneblobis dawyebidan ori kviris Tavze,
1 ivniss, marTlmadidebelma moqalaqeebma adgilobrivi sa-
suliero piris, dekanoz spiridon cqifuriSvilis xelmZ-
RvanelobiT municipalitetis gamgeobisgan mSeneblobis
Sewyveta moiT xoves. saprotesto aqciaze JurnalistebTan
saubarSi erT-erTma moqalaqem aRniSna: es ar aris sarwmu-
noeba. es aris seqta... Tu mSenebloba ar Sewydeba, aSenebuls
davungrevT da saerTod gamovasaxlebT saxlidan.
47
ie-
hovas mowmeTa cnobiT, aqciaSi monawileobdnen me-2 sajaro
47. -
, , 03.06.2014, : http://
topnews.com.ge/index.php?newsid=2567
44
skolis moswavleebi da pedagogebi, maT Soris, skolis di-
reqtoric.
48
saprotesto aqciebis periodSi iehovas mowmeTa mimarT
adgilobrivi xelisuflebis warmomadgenlebi diskrimi-
naciul damokidebulebas amJRavnebdnen. magaliTad, Ter-
jolis gamgebelma malxaz gurgeniZem mSeneblobis mimarT
negatiuri ganwyoba sajarod gamoxata. JurnalistebTan
interviuSi man aRniSna, rom samSeneblo samuSaoebi dar-
Rvevebis gamo Sewydeba da yvelaferi marTlmadideblebis
sasargeblod dasruldeba.
49
gamgeblis gancxadeba mo-
cemul momentSi iyo dausabuTebeli da mikerZoebuli,
radgan zedamxedvelobisa da infrastruqturis samsaxurs
arc mSeneblobis nebarTvis gacemamde da arc mis Semdeg
darRvevebis Sesaxeb daskvna ar warmoudgenia.
aqciebis paralelurad, mSenebare obieqtis mezoblad
mcxov rebma kaxaber makariZem gamgeobas administraciuli
saCivriT mimarTa da iehovas mowmeTa saxlis mSeneblobis
SeCereba moiTxova. werilSi ar iyo miTiTebuli winaaR-
mdegobis reli giuri motivi. ganmcxadeblis TqmiT, teri-
toria warmoadgenda cicabo daRmarTs; mcocavi niada-
gis gamo ki iehovas mowmeTa nagebobis mSenebloba saxlis
mdgradobas safrTxes uqmni da. makariZis gancxadebiT,
aRniSnuli garemoebebidan gamom dinare, mSenebloba Sesa-
bamisi sainJinro-geologiuri kvlevis Catarebamde unda
SeCerebuliyo.
2014 wlis 3 ivniss Terjolis municipalitetis sakrebu-
los Tavmjdomarem mtkicebulebis gareSe, romelic teri-
toriis sainJinro-geologiur gamokvlevas unda dafuZne-
boda, ieho vas mowmeebs mSeneblobis nebarTva SeuCera
48. -13
, ,
.
49.
, 03.06.2014, : http://pia.ge/show_news.
php?id=15676&lang=geo
45
(brZaneba #244). adgilobrivi xelisuflebis warmomadgen-
lebma ar ganixiles iehovas mowmeTa dakveTiT Catarebuli
eqspertizis daskvna, romelic asabuTebda, rom terito-
ria, sadac gaTvaliswinebuli iyo erTsarTuliani, martivi
kategoriis nagebobis mSeneb loba, imyofeboda damakmayo-
filebel pirobebSi da ar SeiniSneboda uaryofiTi fizi-
kur-geologiuri movlenebi (mewyeri, Caqceva, Cajdena da
sxva.).
sakrebulos Tavmjdomarem da gamgebelma gadawyvetilebis
miRebis dros ugulebelhyves iehovas mowmeTa kanonieri
interesebi da usamarTlod mianiWes privilegia marTl-
madidebeli mrevlis moTxovnebs. Sesabamisad, sajaro
pirTa qmedebebi samarTaldarRvevas warmoadgens (samsa-
xurebrivi uflebamosilebis borotad gamoyeneba/gadame-
teba; religiuri saqmianobisTvis ukanonod xelis SeSla)
da maTSi ikveTeba sisxlis samarTlis danaSaulis niSnebi.
aRniSnul konteqstSi sainteresoa kaxaber makariZis pa-
suxi iehovas mowmeTa SekiTxvaze - Tuki yvela eqsperti
daaskvnis, rom mSenebloba SeiZleba gagrZeldes, eqneba Tu
ara mas pretenzia, razec iehovas mowmeTa TqmiT, makariZem
ganacxada, rom igi mSeneblobis winaaRmdegi iqneba, radgan
is aris xalxis mxares da ar unda, iehovas mowmeebis saxli
mis gverdiT da saerTod mis raionSi aSendes.
unda aRiniSnos, rom TerjolaSi mSeneblobis SeCerebis
Semdeg gaxSirda iehovas mowmeTa Seuracxyofis, religi-
uri niSniT devnisa da muqaris faqtebi.
mSeneblobasTan dakavSirebuli problema SeeqmnaT meS-
vide dRis qristian-adventistTa eklesiis transkavkasi-
uri iu nionis warmomdgenlebsac, rodesac daba manglisis
sofel algeTSi maT sakuTrebaSi arsebul miwis nakveTze
sportul-gamajansaRebeli centris (sacxovrebeli saxli,
sportuli darbazi da gaTbobis wertili) mSeneblobis ne-
barTvis misaRebad TeTriwyaros municipalitetis gamgeo-
bas mimarTes.
46
werilis Cabarebis dros municipalitetis infrastruq-
turisa da teqnikuri daxmarebis samsaxurSi ganacxades,
rom moce mul teritoriaze centris mSeneblobisTvis
garkveuli dab rkolebebi arsebobda. mogvianebiT gair-
kva, rom TeT riwyaros municipalitetis gamgeblis saxel-
ze 200-ze meti moqalaqis mier xelmowerili saCivari iyo
Sesu li - manglisis mosaxleoba sportuli centris mSeneb-
lobas religiuri motiviT ewinaaRmdegeboda.
adventistTa religiuri gaerTianebis warmomadgenlebis
Se fasebiT, xSirad adgilobrivi mrevlis agresia mar Tl-
madidebeli sasuliero pirebis mier umciresobebis mimarT
siZulvilis enis gamoyenebiT aris gamowveuli.
samSeneblo nebarTvis gacemis procesSi administraciuli
organos mier mosaxleobis azris gaTvaliswineba konkre-
tul proeqtTan an mis daniSnulebasTan dakavSirebiT
moklebulia raime samarTlebriv safuZvels.
mTavrobis #57 dadgenilebis 42-e muxlis me-2 punqtis
mixed viT, dauSvebelia miwis nakveTis samSeneblod gamo-
yenebis pirobebSi iseTi moTxovnebis CarTva, rac kanon-
mdeblobiT ar aris dadgenili. kanonmdeblobiT arsad ar
aris dadgenili miwis nakveTis samSeneblod gamoyenebis
pirobebis damtkicebaze uaris Tqma im mizeziT, rom adgi-
lobrivi mosaxleobisTvis proeqti, misi damkveTi an miwis
mesakuTre miuRebelia.
miwis nakveTis gamoyeneba mesakuTris prerogativaa.
samSeneblo procesis regulireba da am mxriv mesakuT-
ris uflebebSi Careva gamarTlebulia sazogadoebis
usafrTxoebisa da urbanuli ganviTarebis miznebiT.
Tumca rodesac pirs dausabuTeblad, mxolod sxva mesa-
kuTreebis religiuri Sexedulebebis an iracionaluri
mosazrebebis gamo, erTmeva Tavisi sakuT rebis gamoyenebis
SesaZlebloba, maSin amgvari SemTxveva sa kuTrebis iseT
SezRudvas warmoadgens, romelic araviTar sasargeblo
mizans ar emsaxureba, sakuTrebis uflebis aSkara ugule-
47
belyofaa da iseve, rogorc gansaxilvel SemTxvevaSi, Se-
iZleba mxolod umravlesobis mxridan diskriminaciul
ganwyobebs efuZnebodes.
daba manglisis mosaxleobis saCivari meSvide dRis
qristian-adventistTa transkavkasiuri iunionis
mier sportul-gamajansaRebeli centris aSenebis
Taobaze: viTvaliswinebT ra saqarTvelos kanon-
mdeblobas, kon stituciasa da konkordatis moT-
xovnebs prozelitizmis - axali religiebis Tavs
mo xvevisa da gavrcelebis SeuZleblobis Sesaxeb,
aseve saqar TveloSi arsebul daZabul politikur-
socialur fonsa da sainformacio saSualebebiT
gavrcelebul dapirispirebis faqtebs religiur
niadagze, Cven, mosaxleoba, romlebic tra diciuli
religiebis war momadgenlebi varT, vcxovrobT saqar-
Tvelos uZveles istoriul kuTxeSi, sadac pir velad
aSenda qristianuli taZari, ar davuSvebT mSeneblo-
bas da moviTxovT, aRkveTl iqnas zemoT aRniSnuli
religiuri jgufis mcdeloba, raTa awmyosa da uax-
les momavalSic Tavidan aviciloT konfliqtebi da
davicvaT Cveni konstituciuri uflebebi.
2.2.3. baTumSi axali meCeTis mSenebloba
kvlevis far glebSi aWaris regionSi gamokiTxuli qarTve-
li muslime bis Tanaxmad, qalaq baTumSi axali meCeTis
mSenebloba maT erT-erT mTavar saWiroebas warmoadgens.
arasamTavrobo organizaciis qarTvel muslimTa kav-
Siris warmomadgenlebis TqmiT, axali meCeTis aSenebas
Temi 1995 wlidan iTxovs, radgan baTumis orTajames meCe-
Ti, romelSic dRes muslimebi loculoben, mrevls veRar
itevs. orTajames meCeTi baTumSi sabWoTa periodidan moq-
medebs. 1990-iani wlebidan igi warmoadgens, rogorc sakre-
bulo meCeTs, ase ve 1995 wlidan samufTos centralur
48
samlocvelosac.
50
amJamad qarTveli muslimebi meCeTis
aSenebasTan dakavSirebiT molaparakebas mTavrobis war-
momadgenlebTan awarmoeben.
2012 wlis 8 aprils mufTma jemal paqsaZem oficialuri
weriliT mimarTa premier-ministrs da baTumSi meCeTis
asaSeneblad miwis nakveTis gamoyofa sTxova. Temma miwis
nakveTis gamoyofis TxovniT centralur xelisuflebas
2013 wlis 22 martsac, xolo 11 seqtembers aWaris mTavro-
bas mimarTa. mTavrobis warmomadgenlebis mxridan mravali
dapirebis miuxedavad, samlocvelos mSenebloba dRemde
ar dawyebula. gaurkvevelia meCeTis adgilmdebareoba da
mSeneblobis dawyebis TariRic. wlebis ganmavlobaSi ba-
TumSi axali meCeTis aSenebaze xelisuflebis negatiuri
an ukeTes SemTxvevaSi, orWofuli pozicia muslimTa re-
ligiuri niSniT diksriminaciis erT-erTi yvelaze mkafio
magaliTia.
james asaSeneblad daviwyeT fulis Segroveba, me
gavyide Cemi kuTvnili niva 4,500 larad. vagrovebT
Semowirulobas da Semosul Tanxas aRvricxavT. Tuki
survili iqneba, rom erTad avaSenoT da amas premier-
ministri dagvpirda [biZina ivaniSvili], winaaRmdegi
ar varT. gvinda, Cveni [qarTvelebis] fuliT avaSenoT,
rom isev ar dagvabralon, Turqebis agentebi xarTo,
- aslan abaSiZe, xulos raionis mufTi.
aucilebelia, adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis or-
ga noebma daicvan religiur umciresobaTa uflebebi
da sakulto Tu arareligiuri daniSnulebis nagebo-
50. ,
(19912012 ), , XXI, , 2014
49
bebis mSenebelobis nebarTva kanonier vadebSi drou-
lad gascen.
aucilebelia, pozitiurad gadawydes baTumis meCe-
Tis mSeneblobis sakiTxi da am kuTxiT aRar dairRves
muslimTa konstituciuri uflebebi.
saministrom saqarTvelos saxalxo damcvelis, avto-
ritetuli arasamTavrobo, adgilobrivi da saer-
TaSoriso organizaciebis warmomadgenlebTan er Tad
unda Caataros saganmanaTleblo, axsna-gan mar tebiTi
RonisZiebebi municipalitetebsa da sxva regionul
struqturebSi sajaro moxeleebis eTikuri stan-
dartebis, religiuri neitralitetis dacvisa da
tolerantuli cnobierebis amaRlebis mizniT.
2.3. qonebis sakuTrebis uflebiT gadacema/
regis tracia
problema: religiur gaerTianebebs winaaRmdegoba eqm-
nebaT maT sargeblobaSi (mflobelobaSi) arsebul qoneba-
ze sa kuTrebis uflebis registraciisas, radgan, rogorc
wesi, religiur gaerTianebebTan mimarTebiT sajaro samar-
Tlis iuridiuli piris Sesaxeb arsebul regulaciebs sa-
xelmwifo uwyebebi araswori interpretaciiT iyeneben.
damatebiT unda aRiniSnos, rom saqarTvelos kanonis sa-
xelmwifo qonebis Sesaxeb Tanaxmad, saxelmwifo qonebis
SemZeni SeiZleba iyos fizikuri piri an kerZo samarTlis
iurdiuli piri da saqarTvelos mTavrobis gadawyvetile-
biT, pirdapiri miyidvisas - saqarTvelos samociqulo
avtoke faluri marTlmadidebeli eklesia.
51

51. , 3512-, 2010
21 , 2, 1
50
aRniSnuli kanoni marTlmadidebel eklesias, sxva religi-
uri organizaciebisgan gansxvavebiT, aZlevs eqskluziur
uflebas pirdapiri miyidvis wesiT saxelmwifo qonebis
SemZeni iyos. sapatriarqos ufleba aqvs, usasyidlod
moaxdinos saxelmwifo sakuTrebaSi arsebuli sasoflo
sameurneo miwis privatizebac.
problemis aRwera
2.3.1. sakanonmdeblo regulirebis safuZvliT
SezRudva
saqarTvelos evangelur-protestantuli eklesia q. gor-
Si, moiTxovs, rom Senoba, sadac xsenebuli religiuri
gaerTia ne ba msaxurobs, sakuTrebis uflebiT gadaeces.
ramdenadac ekle siis teritoria SemouRobavia, bolo
dros gaxSirda Tavdas xmis, Seuracxyofisa da diskrimina-
ciis faqtebi. 2013 wels Seno bis mflobelobaSi gadacemis
TxovniT eklesiam Serigebisa da samoqalaqo Tanasworobis
sakiTxebSi saxelmwifo minis tris aparats mimarTa. sakiTxi
gansaxilvelad gadaegzavna saqarTvelos ekonomikisa da
mdgradi ganviTarebis sami nistros.
2014 wlis ianvarSi gairkva, rom ssip saxelmwifo qonebis
erovnuli saagento mzad aris, ganixilos eklesiisTvis
obieqtis sargeblobis da ara sakuTrebis uflebiT gada-
cemis sakiTxi. evangelur-protestantuli eklesiisTvis
qonebis sakuTrebis uflebiT gadacemaze uaris mizezad
ekonomikis saministrom saxelmwifo qonebis Sesaxeb
saqar Tvelos kanonis me-3 muxlis pirveli punqti
52
daa-
saxela, romlis Tanaxmadac, sajaro samarTlis iuridiul
52. :
,

25%- , ,

() ,
,
.
51
pirze pirdapiri miyidvis wesiT saxelmwifo qoneba ver
gadaicema, gamonakliss ki ssip-is statusis mqone saqar-
Tvelos samociqulo avtokefaluri marTlmadidebeli
eklesia warmoadgens.
saxelmwifos mier religiuri gaerTianebis statusis
amgvari ganmarteba umciresobebisadmi diskriminiciul
midgomad Se iZleba Sefasdes, radgan 2011 wlis 5 ivliss
saqarTvelos parlamentis mier samoqalaqo kodeqsSi
(muxli 1509) miRebuli cvlilebebis mixedviT, s(s)ip-ebad
daregistrirebul reli giur organizaciebze ar vrcel-
deba sajaro samarTlis iuridiuli piris Sesaxeb saqar-
Tvelos kanoni, riTac reli giuri gaerTianebebi kerZo
samarTlis iuridiuli piris Sesaxeb arsebuli regula-
ciebis sivrceSi rCebian. amgvarad, religiuri gaerTiane-
bebis registraciasTan dakavSirebiT samoqalaqo kodeq-
sSi arsebuli muxli, misi Sinaarsidan da miznebidan
gamomdinare, saxelmwifos ar unda ganemarta imgvarad,
rom evangelur-protestantul eklesiaze sajaro samar-
Tlis iuridiuli pirebisTvis dawesebuli SezRudvebi
gavrcelebuliyo.
saqarTvelos evangelur-protestantul eklesiis war mo-
madgenlebis TqmiT, maTTvis sajaro samarTlis iuridi-
uli piris statusi mniSvnelovania, radgan es saxelmwifos
mier yvela religiuri gaerTianebis Tanasworuflebi-
anobis aRiarebs niSnavs. garda amisa, aRniSnuli sakiTxis
mogvarebis erT-erT gzad SesaZloa saxelmwifo qonebis
Sesaxeb saqarTvelos kanonis me-3 muxlSi Sesabamisi cvli-
lebis ganxorcielebac ganvixiloT, romlis mixedviTac,
ssip sta tusis mqone yvela religiur gaerTianebas miecema
maTTvis pirdapiri miyidvis formiT sakuTrebis gadacemis
ufleba.
52
2.3.2. iuridiuli daxmarebis saWiroeba
kvlevis Sedegebma aCvena, rom sakuTrebis registraciisa
da privatizaciis procesi ukavSirdeba religiuri umci-
re sobebisTvis kvalificiuri iuridiuli daxmarebis saWi-
ro ebas.
ramdenime religiuri organizacia, samarTlebrivi xa-
siaTis problemebis mougvareblobis gamo, sargeblobaSi
arsebul qonebaze sakuTrebis uflebis registracias ver
axerxebs.
ase magaliTad, problemis winaSe dgas saqarTvelos saxa-
rebis rwmenis eklesia, romelsac quTaisSi maT sargeblo-
baSi arsebuli miwis nakveTis privatizeba surs. 1176 kv.m
nakveTis nawili - 576 kv.m, saxelmwifos sakuTrebaSi arse-
buli qonebaa, romliTac eklesia 1998 wlidan sargeblobs.
saqarTveloSi, religiuri niSniT devnisa da arsebuli
diskriminaciuli fonis gamo, nakveTis SeZenisas eklesiam
qoneba germaniis qristianuli daxmarebis misiis, neemias
saqarTvelos warmomadgenlobis saxelze daaregistri-
ra. 2007 wels fizikuri da kerZo samarTlis iuridiuli
pirebis mflobelobaSi (sargeblobaSi) arsebul miwis na-
kveTebze sakuTrebis uflebis aRiarebis Sesaxeb saqarT-
velos kanonis miRebis Semdeg ki religiurma gaerTianebam
gadawyvita sacxovrebeli farTi da ezo, sadac eklesia
mdebareobs, sakuTari organizaciis saxelze, kavSir ga-
naxlebaze gadaeformebina.
eklesiis warmomadgenlebis TqmiT, isini sajaro re-
estrSi daarwmunes, rom qonebaSi maT aravin ecileboda
da sakuTre bad daregistrirebis aucileblobac, aqedan
gamodinare, ar arsebobda. magram, amasobaSi, 2012 wlis 1
ianvars, marTlzomier mflobelobaSi arsebul qonebaze
sakuTrebis aRiarebis kanoniT dadgenili xandazmulobis
vada amoiwura.
53
drouli iuridiuli konsultaciis SemTx-
53.
()
53
vevaSi, religiuri organizacia Sesabamis vadaSi qonebaze
sakuTrebis uflebis registracias moaxerxebda. amJamad
religiuri gaerTianeba sajaro samarTlis iuridiuli
piris statusiT aris re gistrirebuli. maT, nakveTis pri-
vatizebis mizniT, TxovniT mimarTes ekonomikisa da mdgra-
di ganviTarebis saministros, Tumca, didi albaTobiT,
samarTlebrivi statusis gamo (iseve, rogorc evangelur-
pro testantuli eklesiis SemTxvevaSi), saxarebis rwmenis
ek lesia kvlavac ver SeZlebs am qonebis sakuTrebis ufle-
biT registrirebas.
54
qonebis registraciasTan dakavSirebiT msgavsi problema
Seeqmna evangelur eklesias sicocxlis sityvasac. or-
ganizaciam im vadaSi, romelSic amis saSualebas kanoni
aZlevda, ver moaswro TbilisSi, sargeblobaSi arsebuli
samlocvelo saxlis irgvliv, miwis mcire nakveTze sa-
kuTrebis ufleba moepovebina.
sakuTrebasTan dakavSirebuli samarTlebrivi xasiaTis
prob lemis mosagvareblad iuridiuli konsultacia sWir-
deba malaknebis rusulenovan Tems. amJamad salocavi, ro-
melic TbilisSi, daisis q. 99-Si mdebareobs, sadavo kerZo
sakuTrebas warmoadgens.
xSirad religiuri umciresobebisTvis qonebis registra-
ciis procesi Wianurdeba, radgan maT sajaro reestris
Ta namSromlebi saWiro informacias droulad ar awvdian.
magaliTad, aRmosavleT evropis somex kaTolikeTa ordi-
nariati ramdenime Tvea cdilobs daadginos, vis saxelzea
maT sargeblobaSi arsebuli qoneba registrirebuli. re-
, 74,
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() ,
.

.
54.
(EMC)
.
54
ligiuri gaerTianeba saqarTveloSi 17 moqmedi eklesiis
sakuTrebis uflebiT daregistrirebas iTxovs.
ramdenadac sajaro samarTlis iuridiuli piris
sta tusis mqone religiur gaerTianebebze ar vrcel-
deba sajaro samarTlis iuridiuli piris Sesaxeb
arsebuli kanonmdebloba, maT mimarT kerZo samar-
Tlis iuri diul pirTan dakavSirebuli regula-
ciebi moqme debs. norma, romelic sajaro samarTlis
iuridiul pi rebze sakuTrebis pirdapiri miyidvis
wesiT gada cemas krZalavs, saerTod ar unda vrcel-
debodes sajaro samarTlis iuridiuli piris statu-
sis mqone religiur gaerTianebebze. orazrovani in-
terpretaciis SesaZleblobis gamosaricxad saWiroa,
saxelmwifo qonebis Sesaxeb saqarTvelos kanonis
me-3 muxlSi Sevides cvlileba, romlis mixedviTac,
pirdapiri miyidvis formiT sakuTrebis gadacemis
uflebis akrZalva ar gavrceldeba s(s)ip statusis
mqone religiur gaer Tianebebze.
55

55.
; . 2013 .
: http://www.ombudsman.ge/uploads/other/1/1563.pdf
55
3. diskriminacia sajaro saganmanaTleblo
dawesebulebebSi
problema: TiTqmis yvela religiuri gaerTianebis warmo-
madgeneli aRniSnavs, rom moqmedi sakanonmdeblo normebis
miuxedavad
56
, sajaro saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebebSi
re li giuri niSniT diskriminacia maTi erT-erTi yvelaze
mwvave problemaa.
sajaro skolebSi xSiria prozelitizmi, administraciisa
da pedagogebis iniciativiT marTlmadideblur eklesieb-
Si RvTismsaxurebaze moswavleebis gayvana, koleqtiuri
loc va, araakademiuri daniSnulebiT gamofenilia religi-
uri simbolika, mowyobilia salocavi kuTxeebi; adminis-
traciis mier damkvidrebul praqtikad iqca qadagebisa da
ritua lebis Sesasruleblad (dalocva, kurTxeva, para-
klisi) sam Rvdelo pirebis skolebSi mowveva; pedagogebi
da mos wavleebi religiur umciresobebs damamcireblad
ep yro bian, gamovlenilia indoqtrinaciis SemTxvevebi,
scades gansxvavebuli aRmsareblobis moswavleTa marTl-
ma di debluri wesiT monaTvlac.
qarTuli enisa da literaturis, istoriis saxel mZRva ne-
loebSi iSviaTadaa gamaxvilebuli yuradReba tole ran-
tobasa da `gansxvavebulis pativiscemaze. rogorc we si,
saxelmZRvaneloebi ki ar asaxaven, aramed Cqmalaven saqa-
rTveloSi aradominanturi aRmsareblobebis did isto-
riul da kulturul mniSvnelobas.
religiuri umciresobebis kanonieri interesebi ar aris
gaTvaliswinebuli saskolo kalendris Sedgenis drosac.
56. 2005 8
13 2 ,
,
.
56
yovelive amasTan erTad, religiuri umciresobebis war-
momadgeneli mSoblebi, umeteswilad, Tavs ikaveben prob-
lemis gasajaroebisgan, radgan miaCniaT, rom winaaRmde-
gobis gawevis SemTxvevaSi kidev ufro metad damZimdeba
maTi Svilebis mdgomareoba. wlebis ganmavlobaSi es gare-
moeba sajaro skolebis totaluri ukanono klerikaliza-
ciis mniSvnelovan mizezad iqca.
problemis aRwera. kvlevis farglebSi gamokiTxuli
res pon dentebis TqmiT, sajaro skolebSi erT-erTi prob-
lemuri sakiTxi marTlmadidebluri wesiT koleqtiuri
locvis praqtikaa, romelSic, Zalauneburad, religiuri
umciresobebis warmomadgenlebic monawileoben.
[goris me-12 sajaro skolaSi] iyo masobrivi zi-
arebis SemTxvevebi; nebayoflobiT waiyvanes bavS-
vebi eklesiaSi ziarebaze. amboben, nebayoflobiTo,
magram vinc ar midis, is xom stigmatizirebulia,-
evangelur-protestantuli eklesiis pastori Smagi
WankvetaZe.
***
erTi wlis win Cemma ZmisSvilma Tqva, paraskevs
skolaSi SarvliT ar unda wavideo. aRmoCnda, rom
paraskevobiT, roca hqondaT fizkulturis gakveTi-
li, maswavlebeli sistematurad xsnida am gakveTils
da bavSvebi mihyavda axlomdebare eklesiaSi, - evan-
gelur-baptisturi ekle siis episkoposi rusudan go-
ciriZe.
respodentebi acxadeben, rom saswavlo dawesebulebebSi
xSirad gvxvdeba erTgvari ierarqiuli dayofa konfesi-
uri niSniT. gansakuTrebiT, agresiis msxverpli arian is-
toriulad SedarebiT gvian damkvidrebuli religiuri
gaerTianebis warmomadgeneli moswavleebi. pedagogebi da
moswavleebi, damamcirebeli konotaciiT, xSirad iyeneben
epiTetebs - seqtanti, ieRoveli. religiur umcireso-
bebs Soris yvelaze marginalizebuli jgufi iehovas mow-
57
meebia, romlebsac xSirad moixsenieben siZulviliT da
Seuracxyofen, rogorc skolis administracia da pedago-
gebi, aseve moswavleebi.
Tumca, Seuwynarebloba gamoixateba e.w tradiciuli
religi uri aRmsareblobebis misamarTiTac. magaliTad,
adigenis muni cipalitetis soflebSi adgilobrivi marTl-
madidebeli qristianebi kaTolikebs zogjer uaryofiT
konteqstSi, pa pistebad moixsenieben. araerTi faqtia
gamovlenili eT nikurad qarTveli muslimi moswavleebi-
sadmi pedagogebisa da skolis administraciis warmomad-
genlebis mxridan da mamcirebeli da Seuracxymyofeli
damokidebulebisa, maT uwodeben xolme TaTrebs, ur-
juloebs, mtrebs, mouwodeben mama-papaTa sarwmunoe-
baSi dabrunebisken.
seqtantoba samSoblos Ralatia - ase uTxra skolis
maswavlebelma Cveni mrevlis Svils, - evangelur-
protestantuli eklesiis pastori Smagi WankvetaZe.
Cven vicodiT [sofel TianeTSi] erTi siRaribis
zRvars miRma myofi mravalSviliani ojaxis Sesaxeb.
maTi ojaxis wevrebi Cveni eklesiis mrevli arian.
gadav wyviteT, rom televiziisTvis gveTxova ma-
Tze siuJeti gakeTebuliyo, rom am ojaxs Sesabamisi
struqturebi daxmarebodnen. amasobaSi, gavigeT,
rom skolis direqtorma bavSvi daibara da uTxra,
sir cxvilia, rom seqtanti xar, Tu ginda, rom gadace-
ma gakeTdes, marTlmadideblad unda moinaTloo.
soflis mcxovreblebisganac xSirad yofila aseTi
mimarTvebi, ai, gzas rom acdiT, amitom xarT gaWirve-
bulebio, - saqarTvelos saxarebis rwmenis eklesiis
sazogadoebasTan urTierTobis ganyofilebis xel-
mZRvaneli lela xoneliZe.
udis meore saSualo skolaSi iyo SemTxveva, roca
istoriis gakveTilze monazoni qadagebda, rom ka-
Tolikebi mwvaleblebi arian. mSoblebma unda moi-
58
nanion, Torem TaobebiT dawyevlilebi iqnebiTo,
- la Tin kaTolikeTa kavkasiis samociqulo adminis-
tracia, mama mixeil surmava.
TDI-is mier warmoebuli gamokiTxvis SedegebiT, saqar-
Tvelos sajaro skolebis maswavleblebi, rogorc we si,
religiuri simbolikis gamoyenebas zogadi ganaTlebis
Sesaxeb kanonisa da neitralitetis principis darRvevad
ar ganixilaven. maTTvis skolis teritoriaze reli giuri
simbolikis sajarod gamofena legitimur mizans emsa-
xureba.
ramdenime saklaso oTaxSi moswavleebs sakuTari
sur viliTa da nebiT mowyobili aqvT xatebis kuTxe.
vfiq rob, mcxeTaSi qarTveli bavSvebisTvis amis
akrZalva gaumarTlebelia, - s(s)ip qalaq mcxeTis #2
sajaro skolis direqtori nana boxua.
1998 wlidan, maSin, rodesac skolaSi iswavleboda
sagani religia, 12 kv. m farTobis mqone oTaxSi ga-
nuTavsebiaT religiuri xasiaTis simboloebi, ker-
Zod: karibWis RvTismSobelis xati, ufali ieso
qriste, wminda giorgi, Tamar mefis xati, mTavarange-
lozis, wminda nikolozis da bzobis xati. aRniS-
nuli religiuri simboloebis arseboba emsaxureba
dResaswaulebisa da istoriuli TariRebis aRniS-
vnas, agreTve iseTi Ro nisZiebis Catarebas, romelic
mimarTulia erovnuli da zogadsakacobrio Rire-
bulebebis damkvidrebisaken, - s(s)ip qalaq Tbilisis
213-e sajaro skolis direqtori a. burWulaZe.
moswavleTa surviliT saklaso oTaxebSi aris reli-
giuri kuTxe, skolis teritoriaze aris wm. gabri-
elis saxelobis eklesia, - s(s)ip qalaq quTaisis 11-e
sajaro skola, direqtori nugzar CakvetaZe.
...skolis pirvel sarTulze ganTavsda mcire zomis
samlocvelo, romelic, rogorc saswavlo resursi,
xels uwyobs esg-s saz. mecnierebis Sedegebisa da
59
standartebis ganxorcielebas, - q. Tbilisis 126-e
skolis direqtori qeTevan abulaZe.
sajaro skolebSi, religiur niadagze diskriminaciis mas-
Staburobisa da sistemuri xasiaTis miuxedavad, kanon-
dar Rvevebis identificirebas arTulebs is faqti, rom
mSoblebi, umeteswilad, Tavs ikaveben, saCivriT mimarTon
ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saministros da uflebadam-
cvel organizaciebs.
57
maTi azriT, es mdgomareobas gaar-
Tulebs da bavSvebis stigmatizacias gamoiwvevs.
viTarebis zust aRweras isic uSlis xels, rom ganaTlebisa
da mecnierebis saministro, zogadi ganaTlebis Sesaxeb
saqarTvelos kanonis me-13 muxlis me-2 punqtis Sesaba-
misad, maswavleblis mier Cadenil samarTaldarRvevasTan
dakav Sirebul saCivrebze statistikas ar awarmoebs.
aqedan gamomdinare, saministro ar flobs maswavleblis
ukanono qmedebis gamo dakisrebuli pasuxismgeblobis
Sesaxeb aranair informacias.
58
TDI-is mier saqarTvelos
masStabiT gamokiTxuli ormoci skolidan maswavleblebis
winaaRmdeg Sesuli saCivrebis arsebobas arc erTi maTgani
ar adasturebs.
saswavlo kalendarSi religiuri umcireso-
bebis intere sis gaTvaliswineba
zogadi ganaTlebis Sesaxeb kanonis aS kara darRvevis garda
arsebobs kidev erTi problema - saganmanaTleblo dawese-
bulebebSi saswavlo kalendris Sed gena. zogierTi respon-
denti acxadebs, rom saxelmwifo gamocdebisa da saskolo
olimpiadebis daniSvnisas ganaTlebis saministro garkveu-
57. 12
,
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58. TDI- , : #120792, 04.03.14.
2010- 2014 .
60
li religiis mimdevarTa interess ar iTvaliswinebs. maga-
liTad, meSvide dRis qristian-adventis tTa religiur
organizaciaSi SabaTi dRe uqmedaa gamocxade buli da am
dRes morwmuneebi saero saqmeebSi ar monawileoben. ekle-
siis pastoris, boris Waraias TqmiT, gamocdebi xSi rad
swored SabaT dRes emTxveva. saxalxo damcvelTan arse-
buli religiaTa sabWos mier ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis
saministrosTvis gaweuli rekomendaciebis miuxedavad,
gamoc daze gamoucxadeblobis sapatiod CaTvlis an gamoc-
dis gadatanis Sesaxeb TxovniT mimarTva religiur orga-
nizacias yovel SemTxvevasTan dakavSirebiT individualu-
rad uwevs.
59
sajaro skolebSi prozelitizmis, indoqtrinacii-
sa da religiuri simbolikis araakademiuri daniS-
nulebiT gamofenis SemTxvevebis gamovlenis mizniT,
saWiroa, ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saministroSi,
saxalxo dam cvelisa da dainteresebuli avtorite-
tuli ara sam Tavrobo organizaciebis monawileobiT,
Seiqmnas monitoringisa da reagirebis specialuri
jgufi;
59. 2012
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,
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,
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.
61
monitoringis jgufma religiis niSniT diskrimina-
ciis SemTxvevebze informacia unda miawodos Sesa-
bamis samarTaldamcav organoebs;
monitoringisa da reagirebis jgufma, Sesabamisi
eq spertebis monawileobiT, unda SeimuSavos gzam-
kvle vi sajaro skolebis direqtorebisa da maswav-
leb lebisTvis, sadac mocemuli iqneba zogadi ga-
naTlebis kanonis moTxovnebis, sajaro skolaSi
religiuri ne itralurobis dacvisa da toleran-
tuli garemos xel SewyobisTvis saWiro konkretuli
instruqciebi;
aRniSnulma jgufma yovelwliurad unda warmoadgi-
nos angariSi sajaro skolebSi arsebuli mdgomareo-
bis Sesaxeb;
ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saministrom unda Seimu-
Savos samoqmedo gegma sajaro skolebSi religiis
Tavisuflebis dacvis mimarTulebiT aqtiuri muSao-
bisa da tolerantobis kulturis damkvidrebisTvis;
maT Soris, uzrunvelhyos tolerantobis kulturis
wa ma xalisebeli RonisZiebebis - moswavleTa da mas-
wavlebelTa konferenciebis, konkursebis, viqtori-
nebis, diskusiebisa da a.S. gamarTva;
s(s)ip maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis cen-
tris maswavlebelTa gadamzadebis programaSi unda
gaZlierdes interkonfesiuri da interkulturuli
komponenti;
saWiroa maswavlebelTa sasertifikacio gamocdebis
testSi tolerantobis kuTxiT maswavlebelTa gan-
wyo bebis Sefaseba;
saWiroa, direqtoris standartSi aisaxos moTxovna
in terkulturuli ganaTlebisa da tolerantuli ga-
remos SeqmnisTvis saWiro unarebis flobis Sesaxeb;
62
saWiroa, qarTuli enisa da literaturis, isto riis,
kulturis, samoqalaqo ganaTlebis saxel mZRva ne-
loebis revizia da maTi saSualebiT moswavleebisTvis
neitraluri, dabalansebuli informaciis miwodeba;
maTSi tolerantuli ideebisa da reli giur-eTnikuri
mravalferovnebis asaxva. istoriiis, literatu-
ris, kulturis, samoqalaqo ganaTlebis, xelovnebis
saxel mZRvaneloebi Seuwynareblobis qadagebis nac-
vlad, unda aCvevdes gansxvavebulis pativiscemas da
yuradRebas amaxvilebdes tolerantobis mniSvnelo-
baze.
grifirebis wesSi Setanili cvlilebis monitorin-
gisTvis, saWiroa, Seiqmnas saeqsperto jgufi, rome-
lic iTanamSromlebs saxalxo damcvelTan da dain-
teresebul arasamTavrobo organizaciebTan. jgufi
Seafasebs, Tu ramdenad asaxavs saxelmZRvaneloebi
kulturul da konfesiur mravalferovnebas da moam-
zadebs rekomendaciebs saxelmZRvaneloebis Semdegi
gamocemisTvis.
63
4. saxelmwifos religiuri politika
problema: religiur umciresobaTa warmomadgenlebis
TqmiT, bolo periodSi aSkarad SeimCneva, rom mTavro-
bas maTze kontrolis meqanizmis gaaZliereba surs. amis
gamoxatulebad SeiZleba miviCnioT axali saxelmwifo
struqturis, religiis sakiTxTa saxelmwifo saagentos
Seqmnac.
religiuri gaerTianebebis warmomadgenelTa umravlesoba
acxadebs, rom saxelmwifo maTTan dakavSirebul sakiTxebs
religiuri umciresobebis farTo speqtrTan SeuTanxmeb-
lad wyvets. am mimarTulebiT mTavrobis mier bolo peri-
odSi gadadgmuli nabijebi religiuri gaerTianebebis Ta-
visuflebaSi Carevis survilad SeiZleba Sefasdes.
gansakuTrebiT SemaSfoTebeli saxe miiRo muslimebisadmi
saqarTvelos saxelmwifos politikam, romelic am kuTxiT
sakuTar rols, rogorc Cans, usafrTxoebis metad Tavise-
bur, eqskluziurad gagebul konteqstSi xedavs da ara yve-
la adamianisa da konkretulad, muslimebis konstituci-
uri uf lebebisa da Tavisuflebebis dacvis garantorad.
respodentebis TqmiT, saxelmwifo undobloblad ekideba
muslim moqalaqeebs, rac gamoixateba muslimTa sistemur
diskriminaciasa da maTTvis konkretuli barierebis Seqm-
naSi, maTi uflebebis masStabur Selaxvasa da muslimuri
Temis Sida saqmeebSi CarevaSi.
kidev erTi seriozuli problema, romelsac pirdapiri da
uaRresad negatiuri gavlena aqvs umciresobebis mimarT
saxelmwifos politikaze, xelisuflebis mikerZoebuli
da mokidebulebaa dominanturi religiuri gaerTianebi-
sadmi, rac xSirad sapatriarqos nebisadmi daqvemdebare-
biTa da sekularizmis konstituciuri principis darRve-
viT gamoixateba.
64
xelisufleba, rogorc wesi, sapatriarqos aSkarad gamo-
xatul interess maqsimalurad SeizRudos religiuri
umci resobebis samoqmedo areali, kanonis uzenaesobasa
da ada mianis uflebebisa da Tavisuflebebis dacvaze upi-
ratesad ganixilavs.
problemis aRwera
4.1. religiis sakiTxze momuSave saxelmwifo
struq ture bis formireba
2014 wlis TebervalSi, saqarTvelos mTav robis gadaw yve-
tilebiT dafuZnda religiis sakiTxTa saxelmwifo sa a-
gento. aRsaniSnavia, rom religiis Temaze momuSave uw ye ba
mTavrobam Camoayaliba erTpirovnulad, religi uri gaer-
Tianebebis farTo speqtrTan, saxalxo damcvel Tan, re-
ligiuri umciresobebis uflebaTa damcvel ara sam Tav-
robo organizaciebTan konsultaciebis gareSe.
60
arc erT
saerTaSoriso Tu adgilobriv organizacias re li gi is
specialuri saxelmwifo uwyebis Seqmna arasdros Semou-
Tavazebia.
am gadawyvetilebas win uZRoda, 2014 wlis noemberSi,
religi ur gaerTianebebTan dakavSirebuli calkeuli
sakiTxebis Sem swavleli uwyebaTaSorisi komisiis Seqmna,
romlis debule bac, misi miznebisa da amocanebis formu-
lirebidan gamomdina re, religiis Tavisuflebis SezRud-
visa da sekularobis prin cipis darRvevis riskebs Seicav-
60. 2014 30
,
,

.
: http://bit.ly/1jmJrnZ.
-, ,
, 2013
-
- ,
, , 10.02.2013,
: http://www.myvideo.ge/?video_id=1925806
65
da. komisias, sakuTari mandatis mixedviT, unda Seeswavla
religiuri gaerTianebebis dafinansebis wyaroebi, sagan-
manaTleblo saqmianoba, sajaro RvTismsaxurebisa da saja-
ro religiuri msvlelobis, agreT ve sakuTrebis sakiTxe-
bi; SeemuSavebina sakulto da arareligi uri daniSnulebis
konstruqciebis maregulirebeli normebi. komisiis Tavm-
jdomared dasaxelda saxelmwifo ministri Serigebisa
da samoqalaqo Tanasworobis sakiTxebSi.
61
niSan doblivia
isic, rom mTavrobis warmomadgenlebis arc erT sajaro
gancxadebaSi ar yofila miniSneba imis Sesaxeb, rom saagen-
to sapatriarqos dafinansebis wyaroebisa da sabiujeto
Tanxebis xarjvis miznobriobis kvleviT dainteresde-
boda.
4.2. muslimuri Temis Sida saqmeebSi Careva
zogierTi muslimuri gaerTianebis warmomadgenlis gan-
martebiT, mTavroba uxeSad ereva muslimTa Sida saqmeebSi,
Ss saministros meSveobiT akontrolebs maT saqmianobasa
da awesebs axal, araformalur regulaciebs.
2014 wlis 9 ianvars, sruliad saqarTvelos muslimTa sam-
marTvelos damfuZnebeli krebis gadawyvetilebiT, sa-
mu fTo orad, aRmosavleTis da dasavleTis samufToebad
gaiyo, calke darCa Seixis instituti. dasavleT saqarT-
velos sunitTa mufti gaxda jemal paqsaZe, xolo aRmosav-
leT saqarTvelos sunitTa axali mufTi ki iasin alievi.
61. (TDI)

.
( 153-, 20.02.2014),
2013 13 2014 24 5
2 :

-
.
2014 27 , - 2014 19 .
66
muslimi Temis warmomadgenlebis TqmiT, 2014 wels axal-
ma xelisuflebam araTu gaimeora wina xelisuflebis
dros daSvebuli Secdoma da uxeSad Caeria muslimTa Sida
sakiTxebSi, man aseve eTnikuri niSniT dayo saqarTvelos
moqalaqe muslimebi, amiT muslim TemSi Sida dapiris-
pirebis riski gazarda da saxelmwifosadmi ndoba Seamcira.
mTavrobam TviTneburad gadaayena saqarTvelos Siitebis
Zveli lideri, vagif aqberovi (Seixma religiur sabWos,
xelisuflebis warmomadgenlebis miTiTebiT, gadadgomis
TxovniT Tavad mimarTa) da daniSna axali Seixi ramin igi-
dovi, xolo saqarTvelos sunit muslimebs isev ar misca
mufTis Tavisuflad arCevis saSualeba.
kvlevis farglebSi gamokiTxuli qarTveli muslimebis
TqmiT, isini mufTis arCevnebis gziT daniSvnas moiTxovd-
nen. miT umetes, rom adgilobriv TemSi muslimTa sammar-
Tvelosadmi ukmayofileba bolo or weliwadSi muslimebis
winaaRmdeg religiuri Seuwynareblobisa da eqstremizmis
gamovlinebebis Semdeg gaizarda, radgan mas xSirad mTav-
robisadmi loi alobaSi adanaSauleben.
arasamTavrobo organizacia qarTvel muslimTa kavSiris
Tavmjdomaris moadgile, tariel nakaiZe acxadebs, rom
maTTvis miuRebelia sruliad saqarTvelos muslimTa sam-
marTvelos amJamindeli SemadgenlobiT arseboba, radgan
aRniSnuli organizacia ar gamoxatavs muslimTa Temis in-
teresebs da religiasTan daukavSirebeli adamianebisgan
aris dakompleqtebuli.
4.3. sazRvris gadakveTis problema
aWaraSi mcxovrebi muslimebis TqmiT, maT sazRvris
gadmok veTisas xSirad eqmnebaT problemebi, rodesac
TurqeTidan an arabulenovani qveynebidan saqarTveloSi
brundebian. Tavsaburavian gogoebs sarfis sabaJoze eWvis
TvaliT uyureben, uwyoben dakiTxvas da sazRvarze did-
67
xans aCereben. analogiur problemaze sa ubroben ltolvi-
li CeCnebic. ilias saxelmwifo uni ver sitetis student
r. g.-is TqmiT, mas xSirad uwevs CeC neTSi axloblebis
mona xuleba, saqarTveloSi avto man qaniT dabrunebisas
sabaJoze yo velTvis daaxloebiT or saaTs aCereben. ga-
mo kiTxuli muslimebis TqmiT, sabaJo de partamentis Ta-
nam Sromlebi maTi dayovnebis konkretul mizezs ar asa-
xeleben xolme.
religiuri niSniT diskriminacias xSirad ganicdian pan-
kisis xeobis mkvidri qisti da CeCeni muslimebi. sofel
duisSi mcxovrebi imam amir xangoSvilis TqmiT, qistebi,
romelTac ganaTleba arabul qveynebSi aqvT miRebuli,
pankisis xeobaSi adgilobrivi xelisuflebis mier poten-
ciur teroristebad aRiqmebian. qistebis ganmartebiT,
aRniSnuli problema ar sebobda wina xelisuflebis dro-
sac, Tumca axali xeli suflebis pirobebSi maT mimarT un-
dobloba sagrZnoblad gaizarda. amir xangoSvilis TqmiT,
arabuli saxelmwifoebidan ramdenime biznesmens hqonda
iniciativa, sofel duisSi gane xorcielebina sxvadasxva
infrastruqturuli proeqti, Tumca xelisuflebam maT
amis saSualeba ar misca.
4.4. religiuri literaturis gavrcelebasTan
da kav Sirebuli problemebi
religiuri umciresobebisTvis zogjer problemuria saz-
Rvarze religiuri Sinaarsis literaturis Semotanac.
aRmosavleT evropis somex kaTolikeTa ordinariatis
warmomadgenlebi aRniSnaven, rom saeklesio kalendrebis
ganbaJebisas sirTuleebs awydebian. kalendrebi ibeW-
deba somxeTSi da somxurenovania. sabaJos TanamSrom-
lebma gaerTianebis warmomadgenebs ramdenjerme ar mis-
ces saSualeba, rom literatura SemoetanaT. aRniSnuli
problemis gadaWraSi dasaxmareblad somex kaTolikeTa
arqiepiskoposma rafael minasianma 2013 wlis 24 dekem-
68
bers saqarTvelos Serigebisa da samoqalaqo Tanasworo-
bis sa kiTxebSi saxelmwifo ministris aparats mimarTa.
religiur ma gaerTianebam werilze pasuxi 2014 wlis 19
Tebervals mii Ro. Semosavlebis samsaxuris sabaJo depar-
tamentis ganmartebiT, miuxedavad imisa, rom sagadasaxado
kodeqsis 168-e muxlis o qvepunqtis Tanaxmad, wignebis,
Jurnal-gazeTebisa da notebis miwodeba gadasaxadisgan
gaTavisuflebulia, Semo tanili saqoneli saWiroebda sa-
baJo procedurebis gavlas da Sesabamisi dokumentebis
wardgenas, razec saqonlis Semomtanebi uars acxadebdnen,
amitomac, literatura ukan gabrunda. sabaJo departamen-
tis werilSi ar aris miTiTebuli, konkretulad ra saxis
dokumentebs iTxovdnen sabaJo departamentis TanamSrom-
lebi. eklesiis warmomadgenlebis TqmiT, maT dRemde ver
daadgines, ratom eqmnebaT problemebi literaturis gan-
baJebasTan dakavSirebiT.
saxelmwifosa da religiis gamijvnis, religi-
is Ta visuflebisa da Tanasworuflebianobis kon-
stituciu ri principebis dacvisa da gadawyvetile bis
miRebaSi de mokratiuli CarTulobis aucileb lo-
bidan gamom dinare, uaRresad mniSvnelovania, rom
saqarTvelos mTavrobam Sewyvitos religiur umci-
resobebTan dakav Sirebuli gadawyvetilebebis dax-
urul reJimSi mi Reba;
aucilebelia, saxelmwifom gaiTvaliswinos saxalxo
damcvelTan arsebuli religiaTa sabWosa da ara-
samTavrobo organizaciebis pozicia saxelmwifo
saa gentos mandatis, miznebisa da strategiis saja-
ro gan xilvasTan dakavSirebiT. mniSvnelovania, gan-
xilvis procesSi uzrunvelyofili iyos yvela re-
ligiuri organizaciisa da dainteresebuli pirebis
69
monawileoba da es procesi gamWvirvaled, Sesabamis
aqtorebTan konsultaciis gziT warimarTos;
62
saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi, mTavrobam unda gadaxedos
ukve miRebul gadawyvetilebebs da saqarTveloSi
samoqalaqo integraciis xelSewyobisa da toleran-
tuli garemos gaumjobesebis mizniT Tanmimdevru-
lad Seasrulos saxalxo damcvelis, saxalxo dam-
cvelTan arsebuli religiaTa sabWosa da rasizmisa
da diskri minaciis winaaRmdeg evropuli komisiis
(ECRI) reko mendaciebi;
saWiroa, samarTaldamcavma organoebma Seiswavlon
muslimebis gadaadgilebis SezRudvisa da sabaJo
pun qtebSi religiuri literaturis gavrcelebas-
Tan da kav Sirebuli problemebi da maTze droulad
moaxdi non reagireba.
62.

, : http://bit.ly/1lJQMjf
70
5. religiuri organizaciebis dafinanseba
problema: religiuri gaerTianebebis dafinansebis ar-
sebu li forma diskriminaciuli xasiaTisaa. miuxedavad
imisa, rom mTavrobam saqarTvelos biujetidan pirdapiri,
dotaciuri dafinanseba gamouyo saqarTvelos sapatri-
arqos garda kidev oTx religiur gaerTianebas, man ver
gadaWra dafinansebis manamde arsebul diskriminaciul
wesTan dakavSirebuli prob lema.
dafinansebis gareSe darCa sxva religiuri gaerTianebebi,
rac saxelmwifos mxridan konfesiebis ranJirebis mankier
praqtikas waaxalisebs, xels Seuwyobs sxva religiuri ga-
erTianebis kidev ufro met marginalizaciasa da maTdami
diskriminaciuli damokidebulebis gaZlierebas.
garda amisa, uaRresad problemuria Tavad dafinansebis
wesi, radgan am formiT saxelmwifom igi religiuri gaer-
Tianebebis kontrolisa da maTze gavlenis mopovebis meqa-
nizmad SeiZleba gamoiyenos.
aseve bundovania religiuri gaerTianebebis dotaciuri
da finansebis sabWoTa periodSi miyenebuli zaralis anaz-
Raure bis aucileblobiT motivireba maSin, rodesac Tavad
religiu ri gaerTianebebi finansur mxardaWeraze metad
komunisturi represiebis gamo moralur aRiarebasa da
CamorTmeuli sa kulto nagebobebis dabrunebas moiTxoven.
problemis aRwera
5.1. religiuri gaerTianebebisTvis sabWo-
Ta period Si mi yenebuli materialuri da
moraluri zaralis anazRaurebis gadaw-
yvetilebasTan dakavSirebuli xar vezebi.
saqarTvelos mTavrobam, 2014 wlis 27 ianvris dadgenilebis
Tanaxmad, miiRo gadawyvetileba, sajaro samarTlis iuri-
diuli piris samarTlebrivi formiT re gistrirebul is-
71
lamur, iudeur, romaul-kaTolikur da som xuri samoci-
qulo aRmsareblobis mqone religiur ga erTianebebs
au naz Rauros sabWoTa periodSi miyenebuli materialuri
da moraluri ziani.
saqarTvelos mTavrobis 2014 wlis 19 Tebervlis #177 dad-
genilebis mixedviT, Tanxis ganawilebaze pasuxismgebel
struqturad ssip - religiis sakiTxTa saxelmwifo saa-
gento dasaxelda. mTavrobis 2014 wlis 13 martis (#437)
gankargulebis Tanaxmad, oTxi religiuri gaerTianebis
dasafinanseblad saqarTvelos mTavrobis sarezervo fon-
didan 3,5 milioni lari gamoiyofa.
63
amave gankargulebiT,
Tanxis ganawilebis pirobebis SemuSaveba daevala religi-
is sakiTxTa saxelmwifo saagentos saqarTvelos finansTa
saministrosTan SeTanxmebiT. Tumca, am etapze, religiuri
gaerTianebebis warmomadgenlebis TqmiT, maTTvis ucno-
bia, rodis da ra meqanizmiT gadaunawildebaT mTavrobis
mier gamoyofili subsidia.
mTavrobis inicitiva - damatebiT oTxi konfesiis dafinan-
sebis Sesaxeb - ramdenime mniSvnelovani xarvezis gamo ata-
rebs usamarTlo da diskriminaciul xasiaTs:
64
1. mTavrobam aRniSnuli gadawyvetileba religiuri gaer-
Tianebebis farTo speqtrTan konsultaciis gareSe da
saxalxo damcvelis rekomendaciebis gverdis av liT
miiRo;
2. gaurkvevelia, ra kriteriumebze dayrdnobiT SeirCa
mxolod oTxi konfesia, maSin, roca sabWoTa kavSirSi
iezidebi, luTerelebi, saxarebis rwmenis qristianebi
(ormocdaaTianlebi), iehovas mowmeebi, kriSnaidebi da
63. 2014 27
,
,
4,5 . http://www.tabula.ge/ge/
story/79517-zaqareishvili-religiuri-konfesiebi-daaxloebit-45-milion-lars-miigheben
64.
(TDI) .
72
sxva religiuri jgufebi analogiurad idevnebodnen.
saxelmwifos mier gamorCeuli oTxi religiuri jgufi
aRiqmeba rogorc privilegirebuli statusis mqone
gaerTianebebi. religiuri organizaciebis dafinanse-
bis amgvari modeli saxelmwifos mxridan uTanasworo
mopyrobis gamovlinebaa. unda aRiniSnos, rom mTav-
robis iniciativis Sesaxeb ukmayofilebas zogierTi
religiuri organizacia sajarod gamoTqvams;
65

3. saxelmwifos mier SemoTavazebuli materialuri da
moraluri zianis anazRaurebis modeli samarTleb-
rivad absurdulia. realurad, masSi Camoyalibebu lia
oT xi religiuri aRmsareblobis yovelwliuri da fi-
na nsebis wesi, romelsac, Tvisobrivad, zia nis anaz-
RaurebasTan aranairi kavSiri ar aqvs. mTavrobas ar
SeumuSavebia obieqturi kriteriumebi, romelTa mixed-
viTac dadgindeboda sabWoTa dros daza ra lebuli re-
ligiuri gaerTianebebis istoriuli da instituciuri
memkvidreebi; aseve gaurkvevelia asa nazRaurebeli
zianis odenoba da vada, romlis ganmavlobaSic reli-
giuri gaerTianebebi aRniSnuli principiT unda dafi-
nansdnen.
unda iTqvas, rom, zogadad, problemuria saxelmwifos mi-
er religiuri gaerTianebebis pirdapiri dafinansebis we-
si, romliTac ar aris winaswar gansazRvruli, Tu ra da-
niSnulebiT iyenebs saxelmwifo biujetidan gamoyofil
resursebs esa Tu is religiuri organizacia.
66
aRniSnuli
65. -
, : http://tolerantoba.ge/index.
php?news_id=556
66. ,
-

, -
-
, -
,
. - -
,
,
73
iniciativiT, saxelmwifom, Zveli uTanasaworo samarT-
lebrivi reJimis dekonstruqciis nacvlad, faqtobrivad,
imave reJimSi mxolod umniSvnelo cvlileba Seitana.
5.2. saqarTvelos sapatriarqosTvis miniWebuli
finansuri privilegiebi
aT welze metia, saqarTvelos sapatriarqo saxelmwifos
mxridan finansuri privilegiebiT sargeblobs. mis daq-
vemdebarebaSi Semavali eparqiebi da eklesia-monastrebi
saxelmwifo biujetidan subsidiis saxiT, 25 milioni la-
ris garda, yovelwliurad finansdebian adgilobrivi
TviTmmarTvelobis organoebidanac, aseve saxelmwifo
fon debidan da saministroebidan.
67
2013 wels, mTliano-
baSi, saxelmwifo biujetidan sapatriarqom 29.220.349.7
laris odenobis Tanxa miiRo. dafinansebis amsaxveli dia-
grama qvemoT aris warmodgenili:
68

.
-
, .
67. -
2002 2013
200
. ,
:http://transparency.ge/blog/mokle-mimokhilva-sakartvelos-sapatriar-
kos-dapinansebis-shesakheb?page=1
68. .

.
74
diagrama #1
: (TDI)
(EMC)

tolerantobis da mravalferovnebis institutis (TDI)

da adamianis uflebebis swavlebisa da monitoringis cen-
tris (EMC) mier Catarebul kvlevaSi saqarTveloSi re-
ligiuri gaerTianebebis saxelmwifo dafinansebis Ses-
axeb municipalitetebisa da TviTmmarTveli qalaqebis
mier re ligiuri organizaciebis saxelmwifo dafinansebis
amsax veli monacemebi aCvenebs, rom saqarTvelos sapatri-
arqo sxva religiur organizaciebTan mimarTebiT absolu-
turi pri vilegiiT sargeblobs. 2013 wels TviTmmarTveli
qalaqebisa da municipalitetebis mier gamoyofili jamuri
Tanxis 99.2% - 3.896.139 lari marTlmadidebel eparqiebsa
da eklesiebze gadanawilda, danarCeni konfesiebisTvis
gaweuli finansuri daxmareba ki, 31.268.16 lars, mTliani
Tanxis 0.8%-s Seadgens.
municipaletetebis 69.5% adgilobrivi biujetidan Tanxas
spe cialurad religiuri organizaciebis dasaxmareblad
75
gan sazRvruli qveprogramebidan gamoyofs. sainteresoa,
rom municipalitetebs Soris sapatriarqos dafinansebis
yvelaze didi moculoba fiqsirdeba Sereuli religiuri
kompoziciis municipalitetebSi, bolnissa da marneulSi,
sadac mosaxleo bis didi nawili aramarTlmadidebelia.
xazgasasmelia isic, rom municipalitetebis gamgeobebis
mier gamoyofili Tanxa zogjer eparqiebisa da eklesia-
monastrebis garda, sasuliero pirebis pirad sabanko
angariSebze iricxeba. sapatriarqos dafinanseba aseve
gaTvaliswinebulia xuTi TviTmmarTveli qalaqidan sami
qalaqis meriis biujetSi.
sapatriarqos saxelmwifo dafinansebis modelSi gan-
sakuTrebiT problemuria dafinansebis miznobriobis
gansazRvris sakiTxi. ucnobia, Tu ra miznebisTvis ixarje-
ba municipalitetebis mier sapatriarqosTvis gamoyofili
subsidiis naxevarze meti. zogjer municipalitetebis
gamgeobebisa da TviTmmarTveli qalaqebis meriebisgan sa-
jaro informaciis saxiT gamoTxovil dokumentebSi Tan-
xis gadaricxvis daniSnuleba miTiTebulia. am dokumen-
tebis mixedviT, sapatriarqo municipalur da finansebas
ZiriTadad religiuri miznebisTvis iyenebs, maSin roca
socialur proeqtebs saerTo Tanxis mxolod 1% xmardeba.
miznobrivi kategoriebidan yvelaze didi xvedriTi wili
modis eklesiebis aSeneba/restavraciasa da dekoratiul
samuSaoebze (19%). saeklesio daniSnulebis nivTebis SeZe-
nasa da religiuri Sinaarsis RonisZiebebze saerTo Tanxis
8% ixarjeba. sapatriarqos prioritetebi TviTmmarTveli
qalaqebis SemTxvevaSic ar icvleba, meriebis mier gamoyo-
fili Tanxis TiTqmis 55% ixarjeba eklesiebis mSenebloba/
restavracia/keTilmowyobaze. Tanxis 44%-is miznobrivi
daniS nuleba dokumentebSi miTiTebuli ar aris.
sainteresoa, rom municipalitetebi da Tbilisis gam-
geobebi Tanxis gamoyofis safuZvlad konkretuli ekle-
siebis warmomadgeneli sasuliero pirebis mimarTvebsa da
werilebs asaxeleben. aRniSnuli dokumentebis analizis
safuZvelze irkveva, rom Tanxis moTxovnis mizani, xSirad
76
arc sasuliero piris werilSia miTiTebuli da igi yovel-
gvari dasabuTebis gareSe iTxovs, magaliTad, 25.000 laris
odenobis subsidias.
finansuri daxmarebis garda, sapatriarqo municipa li-
te tebisa da TviTmmarTveli qalaqebis meriebisgan sxva-
dasxva saxis materialur sikeTesac iRebs: miwis nakve-
Tebs, skverebs, Senoba-nagebobebsa da moZrav qonebas. 2013
wels municipalitetebisa da TviTmmarTveli qalaqebis
mier sapatriarqosTvis gada cemuli arasasoflo-sameur-
neo daniSnulebis miwis nakveTebis farTobi mTlianobaSi
32.479 kv.m-s Seadgens, xolo ara sa soflo-sameurneo da-
niSnulebis miwis nakveTebisa da masze ganTavsebuli Seno-
bebis farTi 1.584.65 kv.m-ia.
rac Seexeba moZrav qonebas, 2013 wels maTi Rirebuleba
mTlianad Seadgens 192.742 lars (175.042.09 laris Ri-
rebulebis dekoratiuli sanaTebi, sabaRe skamebi, nagvis
urnebi, sayvavileebi da meoradi samSeneblo masala; 1.500
laris Rirebulebis sawvavi masala; 16.200 laris Rireb-
ulebis avtobusi), xolo 2014 wels - 13.400 lars (2 avto-
manqana).
gasaTvaliswinebelia uZravi qonebis gadacemis zrdis ten-
dencia: TviTmmarTveli qalaqebisa da municipalitetebis
mi er sapatriarqosTvis 2013 wels gadacemuli uZravi qo-
nebis mTliani farTobi (moicavs mxolod arasasoflo da-
niSnulebis miwis nakveTebsa da skverebs kv.m-is daangariSe-
biT) 2009-2012 wlebis jamur maCvenebels aRemateba.
saxelmwifosa da eklesiis finansuri urTierTobis ar-
sebuli forma ewinaaRmdegeba saqarTvelos konstitu-
ciiT aRiarebul sekularobis princips da konkretuli
religiuri doqtrinis mxardaWeris saxes iRebs. dafinan-
sebis arsebuli wesi mkafiod diskriminaciul praqtikas
warmoadgens, radgan uTanasworo mdgomareobaSi ayenebs
sxva religiur gaerTianebebs, romlebic finansuri privi-
legiebiTa da ideologiuri mxardaWeriT ar sargebloben.
77
yovelive amasTan erTad, sapatriarqosa da calkeuli
ekle siebisTvis gadacemuli Tanxis gankargva xdeba gaum-
Wvirvaled, saxelmwifo saTanadod ar akontrolebs xar-
jebs da aqedan gamomdinare, ucnobia, ramdenad mizno-
brivad ixarjeba gamo yofili saxsrebi.
religiuri gaerTianebebisTvis zianis anazRaure-
baze, dafinansebis formasa da mizanSewonilobaze
daiw yos konsultaciebi religiuri gaerTianebebis
far To speqtrTan, saxalxo damcvelTan da reli giis
Tavisuflebis damcvel arasamTavrobo organi za ci-
ebTan; konsultaciebis Sedegad, saWiroebis SemTxve-
va Si, mTavrobam gadaxedos ukve miRebul gadaw yve-
tilebebs;
sekularobis principis dacvis mizniT, mniSvnelova-
nia, saxelmwifom SeimuSavos sapatriarqosa da sxva
re ligiuri gaerTianebebisTvis gamoyofili Tanxis
gan kargvis gamWvirvalobisa da xarjvis miznobrio-
bis kon trolis saWiro meqanizmebi.
78
6. sagadasaxado uTanasworoba
problema: religiuri umciresobebi, saqarTvelos saga-
da saxado kanonmdeblobis mixedviT, saqarTvelos samo-
ciqulo avtokefalur marTlmadidebel eklesiasTan
Seda rebiT uTanasworo mdgomareobaSi imyofebian.
69
2011
wlidan sa qarTveloSi amoqmedda axali sagadasaxado ko-
deqsi, romlis Tanaxmad religiuri saqmianoba
70
ar warmoad-
gens ekonomikur saqmianobas (me-9 muxli), rac religiuri
69.
2012 .
70. -11 :
11.
1.
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33. - -
,
-
.
79
organizaciebisTvis garkveuli SeRavaTebis dawese bas gu-
lisxmobs. Tumca, sagada saxado reJimi diskrimina ciulia
religiur umciresobaTa gaerTianebebisTvis, radgan saga-
dasaxado kodeqsi ramdenime SemTxvevaSi gansxvavebuli
wesiT mxolod saqarTvelos sapat riarqos dabegvras iT-
valiswinebs.
71
problemis aRwera: kvlevis procesSi gamokiTxuli re-
ligi uri umciresobebis warmomadgenlebi saWiroebebs
Soris gamoyo fen Tanaswori sagadasaxado pirobebis Seqm-
nasa da garkveul SeRavaTebs. aseT SemTxvevaSi, religiur
organizaciebs mniS vnelovnad SeumcirdebodaT danaxar-
jebi da amavdroulad TavianT saqmianobaSi socialuri da
saqvelmoqmedo msaxurebis komponentis gaZlierebas Se-
Zlebdnen.
mogebis gadasaxadi: saqarTvelos sagadasaxado ko deq -
sis mixedviT (muxli 99, d qvepunqti), mogebis gadasaxa-
diT dabegvrisgan gaTavisuflebulia saqarTvelos sa-
patriarqos mier religiuri daniSnulebiT gamoyenebuli
jvrebis, sanTlebis, xatebis, wignebisa da kalendrebis re-
alizaciiT miRebuli mogeba.
aRniSnuli norma ori saxis interpretaciis saSuale-
bas iZleva: 1) sapatriarqo gaTavisuflebulia mogebis
gadasaxadisgan Tu is awarmoebs xsenebuli normiT gaT-
valiswinebul religiuri daniSnulebis nivTebs. kanonis
amgvari ganmartebis SemTxvevaSi, am Canaweris arseboba
azrs moklebulia, radgan religiuri organizaciis mier
religiuri daniSnulebis produqciis gayidviT miRebu-
li mogeba isedac gaTavisuflebulia amave kodeqsis me-
11 (religiuri saqmianoba) da 96-e muxlebis safuZvelze.
2) mogebis gadasaxadisagan gaTavisuflebulia sxva sawar-
mos mier damzadebuli, zemoT xsenebuli religiuri da-
niSnulebis nivTebis realizaciiT miRebuli mogeba, Tu es
nivTebi gamoyenebulia saqarTvelos sapatriarqos mier. am
71. . , 2011
80
SemTxvevaSi, is sawarmoebi, romlebic TavianT produqcias
sapatriarqos miawvdian, ar daibegrebian mogebis 15%-iani
ganakveTiT.
damatebiTi Rirebulebis gadasaxadisgan (dRg)
gaTavi suf le bulia (CaTvlis uflebis gareSe) saqarT-
velos sapat riarqos mier jvris, sanTlis, xatis, wignis,
kalendrisa da sxva saRvTismsaxuro sagnebis miwodeba
72
,
romlebic gamoiyeneba mxolod religiuri mizniT (mux-
li 168). aseve CaTvlis uf lebis gareSe dRg-sagan gaTavi-
suflebulia saqar Tvelos sapatriarqos dakveTiT taZ-
rebisa da eklesiebis mSenebloba, restavracia da moxatva
(muxli 168).
aRniSnuli muxlis mixedviT, Tu sapatriarqo sxva pirs re-
ligiuri daniSnulebis mqone uZravi nivTis saremonto sa-
muSaoebs ukveTavs, es ukanaskneli dRg-s ar ixdis. xolo
Tu imave momsaxurebas aRniSnul pirs sxva religiuri
organiza cia ukveTavs, igi valdebulia gadaixados damate-
biTi Rire bulebis gadasaxadi. aqedan gamomdinare, saqarT-
velos sapat riarqos dakveTiT taZris mSenebloba, moxatva
da restavracia SesaZlebelia 18%-iT iafi Rirdes.
miwis gadasaxadi: saqarTvelos sagadasaxado kodeqsi
ar Sei cavs Canawers sapatriarqos mier araekonomikuri
daniSnule biT gamoyenebuli miwis gadasaxadisgan gaTa-
visuflebis Ses axeb. Tumca, es privilegia mas miniWebuli
aqvs ufro maRali Zalis mqone normatiuli aqtiT, kon-
stituciuri SeTanxmebiT saqarTvelos saxelmwifosa da
saqarTvelos samociqulo avtokefalur marTlmadidebel
eklesias Soris (muxli 6). sapatriarqosgan gansxvavebiT,
sxva religiuri organizaciebi msgavs SemTxvevaSi miwis
gadasaxads ixdian.
72.
( , ,
, ) .
81
saWiroa, saqarTvelos parlamentma izrunos religuri
gaer TianebebisTvis uTanasworo sagadasaxado reJimis
aRmof xvraze, amisTvis aucilebelia:
yvela religiuri organizacia, marTlmadidebeli ek-
le siis msgavsad, Tanabrad daibegros.
82
7. religiuri organizaciebis komunaluri
ga da sa xadebi
problema: saqarTveloSi arsebuli religiuri organi-
zaciebis didi nawili beneficiarebs sTavazobs sxvadasx-
va daniSnulebis saqvelmoqmedo momsaxurebas - dRis
centrebi, bavSvTa da moxucTa TavSesafrebi. miuxeda-
vad imisa, rom aR niSnuli gaerTianebebi ar ewevian same-
warmeo saqmianobas, isini eleqtroenergiisa da wylis
gadasaxadebs komerciuli organizaciisTvis dadgenili
tarifis mixedviT ixdian.
saqarTveloSi xsnis armiis warmomadgenlebis
TqmiT, sagadasaxado SeRavaTebi maT saqvelmoqmedo
samsaxuris gafarToebaSi daexmareba.
Cven gvaqvs proeqti samrecxao. xalxs visac uWirT,
gansakuTrebiT xanSiSesulebs, visac momvleli ar
hyavs, moaqvT TavianTi sarecxi. vyidulobT sarecx
fxvnils. Cvens manqanebSi recxaven. amasobaSi yavas
daleven, namcxvars SeWamen da Tan erTobian. magram
wyalSi vixdiT iseTi tarifiT, rogorc restorani...
kargi iqneba komunaluri SeRavaTebi gvqondes. rac
ufro meti Tavisufali Tanxa gveqneba, miT ufro
meti sikeTis gakeTebas SevZlebT,- xsnis armiis re-
gionuli oficeri irma nebieriZe.
***
evangelur-baptistur eklesias saqarTveloSi aqvs
dRis centri socialurad daucveli bavSvebis Tvis,
sadac skolis Semdeg 15-mde bavSvi sadilobs da
skolis gakveTilebs amzadebs. aseve aqvT TavSesafa-
ri quCis bavSvebisTvis, sadac bavSvebi sadiloben da
swavloben wera-kiTxvas.
83
sagadasaxado SeRavaTebi saSualebas mogvcemda, rom
yo veli TeTri isev am bavSvebis dasaxmareblad ga mog-
veyenebina, - mTavarepiskoposi ilia osefaSvili.
saqarTvelos sapatriarqosa da azerbaijanis navTobkom-
pania sokars Soris 2013 wlis 19 oqtombers gaformda
memorandumi, romlis mixedviTac, saqarTveloSi arsebul
yvela religiuri konfesiis obieqtebs sokaris mier mi-
wodebuli bunebrivi airi erT wlis ganmavlobaSi ufa-
sod unda mieRo.
73
kompania sokarma tolerantobis da
mravalferovnebis instituts aRniSnul iniciativasTan
dakavSirebiT informacia ar miawoda. gamokiTxuli re-
ligiuri organizaciebis warmomadgenlebma aRniSnes, rom
jerjerobiT zustad ar ician, aunazRaurdebaT Tu ara
srulad bunebrivi airis xarjebi.
74
iehovas qristianuli
organizaciis warmomadgenels saqarTvelos energetikis
sa ministroSi ganucxades, rom maTi religiuri gaerTiane-
ba sapatriarqos TanxmobiT Sedgenil siaSi ar aris da Se-
sabamisad, bunebriv airs ufasod ver miiRebs.
sxva komunalur gadasaxadebze Sesabamisi resursis momwo-
debeli kompaniebis mier SeRavaTebi arc erTi religiuri
organizaciisTvis gaTvaliswinebuli ar aris, maT Soris
arc saqarTvelos sapatriarqosTvis. Tumca, rogorc praq-
tika aCvenebs, marTlmadidebel eklesiebs komunaluri
gada saxadebis ZiriTad nawils saxelmwifo ufaravs. mag.
2013 wels sapatriarqosTvis municipalitetebis gamgeo-
bebis mier gamoyofili Tanxis (2.198.336 lari) 7% swored
komunaluri xarjebis gadasaxdelad aris gamoyofili.
75
aqve unda aRi niSnos, rom municipalitetebis mier sapatri-
arqosTvis gada ricxuli Tanxis mxolod 1% aris gankuT-
73. http://www.netgazeti.ge/GE/105/News/24597/
74. -
, -
, .
75. -
-
.
84
vnuli socialuri msaxurebisa da saqvelmoqmedo saqmiano-
bisTvis.
sasurvelia, komisiam gaiTvaliswinos saxalxo dam-
cvelTan arsebuli religiaTa sabWos rekomendaciebi
komunalur gada saxadebTan daavSirebiT SeRavaTebis
dawesebis Taobaze da im religiuri organizaciebis-
Tvis, romlebic saqvelmoqmedo saqmianobas ewevian,
daawesos komerciuli organizaciebisTvis gaTva-
liswinebuli tarifisgan gansxvavebuli tarifi.
76. 2012
,

.
85
8. sajaro sivrcis SezRudva
problema: kvlevis procesSi Cawerili interviuebis ana-
lizi da bolo dros ganviTarebuli movlenebi gviCvenebs,
rom saqarTveloSi mudmivad izRudeba religiuri um-
ciresobebis konstituciuri ufleba sajaro sivrceSi
gaacxadon TavianTi rwmena, gaavrcelon religia da Seas-
rulon religiuri ritualebi.
damkvidrebuli praqtikiT, erTi SexedviT, iqmneba STabeW-
dileba, rom religiur umciresobebs aqvT arsebobis uf-
leba, Tumca, isini ar unda Cndebodnen sajaro sivrceSi,
ro melic erTmniSvnelovnad umravlesobis sakuTrebad
aRiq meba, radgan amiT religiuri umravlesobis ideolo-
giur paradigmas upirispirdebian, romelSic qarTveloba
da marTlmadidebloba gaigivebulia erTmaneTTan.
xelisuflebis warmomadgenlebi, romlebisTvisac mniSvne-
lovania dominanti religiuri jgufis mxridan legitima-
cia, ver axerxeben, daicvan religiuri umciresobebis fun-
damenturi uflebebi da uzrunvelyon yvela moqalaqis
mier saerTo sajaros sivrciT sargebloba.
problemis aRwera: marTlmadidebeli eklesiis mier
sajaro sivrcis monopolizebis mcdelobas adasturebs
TbilisSi 2014 wlis ivnisSi imedis saerTaSoriso fes-
tivalTan dakavSirebiT ganviTarebuli movlenebi.
Ronis Zieba, romelSic adgilobrivi da saerTaSoriso
qris tianul-evangeluri gaerTianebebi da mravali sxva
stumari iRebda monawileobas, sportis sasaxleSi 6-8
ivniss unda gamarTuliyo. Tumca, sabolood, festivali
eklesiis gareT, sajaro sivrceSi ver Catarda.
festivalisTvis mzadebis procesSi, organizatorebs -
saqarTvelos saxarebis rwmenis eklesiis warmomadgen-
lebs, uamravi dabrkoleba SexvdaT, maT Soris qalaqSi
sareklamo banerebisa da droSebis ganTavsebis Tvalsaz-
risiT. magaliTad, festivalis gamarTvamde ramdenime
86
dRiT adre sareklamo kompania auTdor.jim, SeTanxmebis
miuxedavad, Camoxsna gare reklamis didi nawili.
mniSvnelovania, rom RonisZiebamde erTi kviriT adre sa-
qar Tvelos sapatriarqo festivalis Catarebis sakiTxs
ga moexmaura. gancxadebaSi naTqvami iyo, rom marTlma di-
de beli eklesia emijneba ormocdaaTianelTa religiuri
mim dinareobis mier mowyobil RonisZiebas da masTan ara-
nairi kavSiri ar aqvs.
77
arsad Tqmula, rom sapatriarqo
mxars uWers saxarebis qadagebas da pativs scems gansxvave-
buli religiuri gaerTianebebis uflebas, sajaro sivrce-
Si gaacxadon TavianTi rwmena.
SeiZleba iTqvas, rom sapatriarqos orazrovanma gancxade-
bam, fundamentalistur jgufebSi religiuri umcireso-
bebis mimarT arsebuli agresiuli ganwyobebi gaaZliera.
eqstremistuli qmedebebis monawile pirebma marTlma-
didebel mrevls RonisZiebis CaSlisken mouwodes da fes-
tivalze daswrebis msurvelebs daemuqrnen, rom sportis
sasaxleSi mimsvlel moqalaqeebs sircxvilis kordons
mouwyobdnen.
78
sabolood, RonisZiebis sportis sasaxleSi gamarTva,
fes tivalis gaxsnamde 3 dRiT adre erT-erTi fligelis
saxu ravze gaCenili xanZris gamo CaiSala. rogorc Sss-s
war momadgenlebma medias ganucxades, momxdar faqtTan
da kavSirebiT gamoZieba sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 187-e
muxliT mimdinareobs, rac sxvisi nivTis dazianebisTvis pa-
suxismgeblobas iTvaliswinebs.
amave dros, organizatorebs xanZris mizezis dasadgenad
damoukidebeli eqspertizis Catarebaze uari uTxres.
77. : ,
. 30.05.2014. : http://www.tabula.ge/ge/story/83833-
sapatriarqo-tbilisshi-dagegmil-imedis-festivaltan-kavshiri-ar-gvaqvs
78. : ,
, , 02.06.2014. : http://netgaze-
ti.ge/GE/105/News/32114/
87
saxarebis rwmenis eklesiis warmomadgenlebs alterna-
tiul sajaro adgilebSi sivrce arc erTma organizaciam
ar dauTmo (lokomotivis stadioni, dinamo, cirki da aS.).
sabolood, samdRiani festivali eklesiis ezoSi mowi-
naaRmdegeTa aq ciebis fonze Catarda. unda aRiniSnos, rom
religiis sa kiTxTa saxelmwifo saagentos, romlis man-
datSic, wesiT, re ligiuri SeuwynareblobiT motivirebul
qmedebebze rea gireba unda Sediodes, aRniSnul faqteb-
Tan dakavSirebiT araviTari gancxadeba ar gauvrcelebia.
miuxedavad imisa, rom xelisufleba informirebuli iyo
festivalis CaSlisken mimarTuli faqtebis Taobaze, mas
festivalis mxardaWeris mizniT efeqturi RonisZiebebi
ar ganuxorcielebia.
sajaro sivrceSi religiuri Sinaarsis RonisZiebis Ca-
tarebasTan dakavSirebiT, saqarTvelos saxarebis rwmenis
eklesias adrec Seqmnia dabrkolebebi.
79
religiuri umciresobebisTvis sajaro sivrcis SezRudvas
hqonda adgili 2013 wlis 4 dekembers xanuqas dResaswaul-
ze momxdari incidentis drosac, rodesac religiuri um-
ravlesobis war momadgenlebma Camoxies sadResaswaulo
bilbordebi da monawileebs ar misces RonisZiebis mSvido-
bian garemoSi Cata rebis saSualeba. imave saRamos marTlma-
didebeli eklesiis mRvdlebisa da mrevlis jgufma sapro-
testo aqcia gamarTa israelis saelCosTanac. erT-erTma
79. , 2013 -
; -
. ,
,
.
, , ,
. ,
, . -

, ,

. ,

.
88
sasuliero pirma medi asTan saubarSi aRniSna: verasodes
miviRebT imas, rom Cvens quCebSi aseve Riad iqadagebodes
Cveni RmerTis Seuracxyofa.
80
analogiuri problema warmoiSva muslimTa Temis winaSe
sof. nigvzianSi, winwyarosa da samTawyaroSi. yvela am re-
gionSi konfliqtis dros qristianebi uTiTebdnen, rom
muslimebs SeeZloT elocaT privatulad, sakuTar saxleb-
Si, magram sajaro sivrcis dakavebas isini ver SeZlebdnen.
81

sofel Welas meCeTis minareTis demontaJi ki religiis Ta-
visuflebis SezRudvisa da muslimTa uflebebis darRve-
vis erT-erTi yvelaze TvalsaCino SemTxveva iyo.
arsebuli problemebidan gamomdinare, religiuri umcire-
sobebis warmomadgenlebi saqarTveloSi pluralisturi
sivrcis saWiroebaze saubroben. maTi TqmiT, sajaro sivr-
cis indoqtrinaciis gamo, marTlmadidebeli eklesiis
gavlena SemdgomSi kerZo pirebis, organizaciebis, saxel-
mwifo struq turebisa da maTi warmomadgenlebis miker-
Zoebul da mokidebulebaze aisaxeba. pirdapiri da iribi
diskrimina ciis SemTxvevebi vlindeba rogorc interper-
sonalur, aseve instituciur doneze, rac, sabolood,
xels uSlis umciresobis warmomadgenelTa religiur da
socialur saqmianobas.
80. , 05.12.2013.
http://www.interpressnews.ge/ge/sazogadoeba/262306-israelis-saelchosthan-sasuliero-
pirebma-mrevlthan-erthad-aqcia-gamarthes.html?ar=A
81. . -
2012-2013
, -
(EMC), , 2013
89
ganxvavebuli konfesiebis centraluri, didi reli-
gi uri dResaswaulebi aRiarebuli iyos saxelmwifo
dRe saswaulebad;
sxvadasxva konfesias maTi dResaswaulebi miulocon
ara mxolod saxelmwifos meTaurebma, aramed adgi-
lobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis struqturebis xelmZR-
vanelebmac.
90
9. marTlmadidebeli sasuliero pirebis
mier ga movlenili Seuwynarebloba
problema: kvlevis farglebSi gamokiTxuli responden-
te bis umravlesoba aRniSnavs, rom marTlmadidebeli mrev-
lis agresiis mizezi xSirad sasuliero pirebis mier um-
ciresobebisadmi siZulvilis qadageba da stereotipuli
ganwyobebis kultivaciaa, rac religiuri da arareligi-
uri daniSnulebis nagebobebis mSeneblobis, saqvelmoq-
medo pro eqtebisa da saganmanaTleblo saqmianobis winaaR-
mdeg mi marTul qmedebebSi vlindeba.
problemis aRwera: adigenis raionis sofel aralSi
mcxov rebi kaTolikebi Civian, rom marTlmadidebeli sa-
suliero pirebi maT mimarT xSirad iyeneben damamcire-
bel epiTetebs, qadageben, rom kaTolikebi mwvaleblebi
arian da marTlmadidebeli aRmsareblobis moswavleebs
urCeven, kaTolikuri saqvelmoqmedo organizaciis mier
dafinanse bul inglisuri enisa da kompiuteris Semswav-
lel kursebze ar iaron.
aq arigebdnen adre broSurebs, rom Cven pedofilebi
varT, rom ar unda gauSvan bavSvebi Cvens banakebSi.
qadageben Cvens mrevlSi, rom arasworad aRvniSnavT
Sobas. yofila SemTxvevebi, roca raRac socialuri
proeqti gvaqvs, gvekiTxebian, ai meufe Teodoresgan
[igulisxmeba axalcixis, tao-klarjeTisa da lazeTis
eparqiis mitropoliti] aiRe kurTxeva? - mama mixeil
surmava, sofeli arali, amierkavkasiis laTinuri we-
sis kaTolikeTa samociqulo administracia.
2010 wels sofel aralis kaTolikuri eklesiis mRvdels,
mixeil surmavas adgilobrivi sabavSvo baRis adminis-
traciasTanac Seeqmna problema. saqvelmoqmedo fond
karitasis warmomadgenlebs surdaT, sabavSvo baRis mo-
swavleebisTvis saSobao saCuqrebi daerigebinaT, razec
surmavas TqmiT, baRis administraciam, marTlmadidebeli
91
sasuliero pirebis zegavleniT, uari ganacxada. orga-
nizacia iZulebuli gaxda, baRSi Seewyvita konkretuli
socialuri proeqtebis ganxorcieleba - sapirfareSoebis
ganaxleba, bavSvebisTvis saSobao da saaRdgomo saCuqrebis
gacema, bavSvTa oTaxis inventariT aRWurva da aS.
saqvelmoqmedo da socialur msaxurebaSi marTlmadide-
beli sasuliero pirebis mier indoqtrinaciis gamo, prob-
lemebi ara erTxel Seqmnia saerTaSoriso saqvelmoqmedo
orga nizacias xsnis armias. organizacias saqarTveloSi
rva korpusi aqvs (lagodexi, rusTavi, Tbilisi, baTumi)
da sxva dasxva Sinaarsis socialur da saqvelmoqmedo pro-
eqts axor cielebs. regionaluri oficris, irma nebieriZis
TqmiT, marTlmadidebeli sasuliero pirebis miTiTebis
gamo, xSirad beneficiarebi socialuri daxmarebis miRe-
baze uars amboben.
quTaisSi gvindoda gagvexsna Cveni centri, magram
ar migviRes. marTlmadidebeli mRvdlebi iyvnen wi-
naaRmdegi. axali centri Tu Sendeba, akontroleben.
viRac xom unda movides, rom daexmaro, [igulisxmeba
socialuri servisis beneficiarebi] iq usazRvraven,
rom Tu mixval, cudi raRac moxdeba... erTi weli viya-
viT quTaisSi, movida xalxi, Zalian moswondaT. magram
mere mirekavdnen, rom ai, mamaom mosvla amikrZala. am
mxriv quTaisi Zalian Caketilia. eTnikurad Sereul
mosaxleobasTan ufro advilia muSaoba... lagodexSi
iyo kidev aseTi SemTxveva, rom marTlmadidebeli
mRvdlebi Cvens beneficiarebs eubnebodnen, protes-
tantebis centrebSi ar mixvideT, Torem sikvdilis
mere wess ar agigebTo, - xsnis armiis regionaluri
oficeri irma nebieriZe.
marTlmadidebeli sasuliero pirebis mxridan gansakuTre-
buli agresia igrZnoba iehovas mowmeebisadmi. 2013 wels
iehovas mowmeebis mimarT Cadenili 46 samarTaldarRvevi-
dan sam SemTxvevaSi marTlmadidebeli sasuliero pirebi
monawileobdnen (Tbilisi, kaspi, wyaltubo).
92
2013 wlis 13 agvistos, TbilisSi RvTismsaxurebisas,
iehovas mowmeebis l. m. da n.s.-is mtkicebiT, sasuli-
ero pirma, mama Tomam maT miayena sityvieri Seura-
cxyofa da saxeSi gaartya. saqmeze daiwyo gamoZieba
da braldebulis vinaoba dadginda. amJamad saqmes
saqalaqo sasamarTlo ganixilavs.
meore incidenti kaspSi 6 oqtombers moxda. marT-
l madidebelma sasuliero pirma i. x.-ma iehovas or
mow mes sityvieri da fizikuri Seuracxyofa miayena.
saqme aRiZ ra sisxlis samarTlis 156-e muxliT gaT-
valiswinebuli danaSaulebrivi qmedebis arsebobis
safuZvelze.
mesamed, 11 dekembers, wyaltuboSi iehovas mowmeebma
l.m.-m da s. b.-m RvTimsaxurebisas SemTxveviT karze
daukakunes marTlmadidebel sasuliero pirs, m.m-s.
rodesac sasuliero pirma gaigo, rom stumrebi ie-
hovas mowmeebi iyvnen, daiwyo yvirili, lanZRva da
daxia maTi literatura. dazaralebulebma gamoiZa-
xes policia. m.m-s CamoarTves xelwerili, im piro-
biT, rom momavalSi igi iehovas mowmeebis religiur
msaxurebas xels ar SeuSlida. Tumca, am incidentis
Semdeg sasuliero pirma Seuracxyofa miayena iehovas
kidev erT mowmes. iehovas mowmeTa iuristebis TqmiT,
am incidentis Semdeg imave sasuliero pirma quCaSi
gaaCera iehovas erT-erTi mowme, waarTva mas CanTa
da wixli daartya. Tumca, dazaralebulma ar isurva
aRniSnuli faqtis Sesaxeb sa marTaldamcavebisTvis
ecnobebina.
marTlmadidebeli sasuliero pirebis mxridan Seuwyna-
reb lobaze saubrobs saqarTveloSi asiriul-qaldeuri
ka To likuri eklesiis xelmZRvaneli beniamin beTiadegari.
eklesiis Senoba TbilisSi, qavTaraZis quCaze mdebareobs.
eklesiis gaxsnam 2009 wels marTlmadidebeli mrevlis
93
protesti gamoiwvia.
82
gaxsnis dRes marTlmadidebel mSo-
belTa kavSiris wevrebi da sasuliero pirebi plakatebiT -
vgmobT vatikanis agresias! - kaTolike sasuliero pirebs
SenobaSi Sesvlis saSualebas ar aZlevdnen.
beniamin beTiadegaris TqmiT, marTlmadidebeli mrevlis
wevrebi dRemde dadian bibliiT xelSi da eklesiis dangre-
visTvis loculoben. Tavidan eklesiisTvis maRali galav-
nis aSenebas ar apirebdnen, magram, sabolood, sami metris
simaRlis galavniT SemosazRvres, rom teritoria agresi-
uli mowinaaRmdegeebisgan daecvaT.
gamomdinare iqidan, rom qveyanaSi erT-erT yvelaze
serio zul problemas warmoadgens religiis niadag-
ze Seuwynarebl o ba da diskriminacia, dauSvebelia,
Ss saministro moeridos ka nonis safuZvelze re-
agirebas Tu sasuliero piris mier Cadenili qmedeba
danaSaulis niSnebs Seicavs.

82. 2 - , : http://www.
myvideo.ge/?video_id=642981
94
kvlevis mTavari aqcentebi
- religiuri Seuwynareblobis safuZvelze
Cadenili samar TaldarRvevebis zrda
bolo ori wlis ganmavlobaSi SemaSfoTeblad gazrdilia
muslimebisa da iehovas mowmeebis mimarT religiuri niS-
niT devnis, maTze fizikuri da sityvieri Zaladobis, re-
ligiuri wesis aRsrulebisTvis ukanonod xelisSeSlis
faqtebis rao denoba. religiuri siZulviliT ganpirobe-
buli qmedebebis zrda umciresobebis mimarT saxelmwifos
araswori politikis Sedegia. sagamoZiebo struqturebi
eridebian gamoZiebis war marTvas Sesabamisi muxlebiT,
romlebic sisxlis sa mar Tlis danaSaulisTvis pasuxismge-
blobas iTvaliswinebs. samar Tal damrRvevebis, maT Soris,
marTlmadidebeli sasuliero pirebisa da sajaro pirebis
dausjeloba ki religiuri niSniT diskriminacias axali-
sebs.
- sabWoTa dros CamorTmeuli qonebis
restitucia
xuTi religiuri gaerTianeba: somexTa samociqulo mar-
Tl madidebeli wminda eklesiis eparqia saqarTveloSi,
laTin kaTolikeTa kavkasiis samociqulo administracia,
muslimTa Temi, evangelur-luTeruli eklesia da iuda-
uri Temi 20 welze metia ver ibrunebs sabWoTa periodSi
CamorTmeul qonebas. amasTan erTad, saxelmwifo ver an
ar iCens saTanado yuradRebas mniSvnelovani istoriul-
kulturuli Zeglebis mimarT, romelTa did nawils ier-
saxe mizanmimarTulad ecvleba an dangrevis pirasaa.
- sakulto da arareligiuri daniSnulebis
nagebobebis mSenebloba
religiuri umciresobebis warmomadgenlebs sistematu-
rad eq mnebaT problemebi sakulto da arareligiuri
daniS nulebis nagebobebis asaSeneblad saWiro nebarTvis
miRebasTan dakavSirebiT. nebarTvis gamcemi Sesabamisi
95
uwyebebis mxridan xSiria gaWianurebis, dausabuTebelad
uaris Tqmis an mSe neblobis nebarTvis SeCerebis SemTxveve-
bi. religuri gaer Tianebebis mier sakuTar miwaze mSene-
blobis nebarTvis mi Rebis gancxadebas, xSirad religi-
uri umravlesobis wev rebi marTlmadidebeli sasuliero
pirebis mowodebiT upirispirdebian da mSeneblobis sawi-
naaRmdego xelmowerebs agroveben. TviTmmarTvelobis
organoebi iTvaliswineben umravlesobis nebas da Sede-
gad, religiuri umciresobebis mimarT diskriminaciul
praqtikas axorcieleben.
- qonebis sakuTrebis uflebiT gadacema/
registracia
religiur gaerTianebebs barierebi eqmnebaT maT sar-
geblobaSi (mflobelobaSi) arsebul qonebaze sakuTrebis
uflebis registraciisas, radgan, rogorc wesi, religiur
gaerTianebebTan mimarTebiT sajaro samarTlis iuridiu-
li piris Sesaxeb arsebul regulaciebs Sesabamisi uwyebebi
Sec domiT iyeneben.
- diskriminacia sajaro saganmanaTleblo
dawesebule bebSi
sajaro skolebSi arsebuli arasekularuli garemo, re-
ligiuri neitralitetis darRvevis, indoqtrinaciisa da
prozelitizmis mudmivi praqtika axalgazrdebSi religi-
uri umciresobebis mimarT stereotipuli ganwyobebisa
da aratolerantuli ideebis gavrcelebis erT-erTi mTa-
vari mizezia. aucilebelia, saxelmwifom sajaro skolebSi
religiis Tavisuflebis dacvis mimarTulebiT aqtiuri
muSaobisa da tolerantobis kulturis damkvidrebisTvis
SeimuSavos samoqmedo gegma, romelSic gaTvaliswinebu-
li iqneba prozelitizmis, indoqtrinaciisa da religi-
uri simbolikis araakademiuri daniSnulebiT gamo fenis
SemTxvevebis gamovlenis mizniT, monitoringisa da spe-
cialuri jgufis Seqmna, saswavlo saxelmZRvaneloebis
revizia, maswavleblebisa da direqtorebis gadamzadeba,
sa sertifikacio gamocdebis testSi tolerantobis kuT-
96
xiT mas wavlebelTa ganwyobebis Sefaseba, saxelmZRvanelo-
Ta gri firebis wesSi arastereotipuli da mravalmxrivi
azrovnebis ganviTarebisTvis saWiro Sinaarsobrivi kri-
teriumebis dak mayofileba.
- saxelmwifos religiuri politika
bolo ori wlis ganmavlobaSi xelisufleba religiuri um-
ciresobebis mimarT kontrolze dafuZnebul intervenci-
ul politikas axorcielebs - ereva muslimTa Sida saqmeeb-
Si, eqskluziurad afuZnebs religiis sakiTxebze momuSave
sajaro struqturebs, romelTa Seqmnisa da mandatis
gansazRvris Sesaxeb gadawyvetilebas erTpirovnulad, re-
ligiur umci resobebTan, religiis Tavisuflebis sakiTxe-
bze momuSave orga nizaciebsa da saxalxo damcvelTan kon-
sultaciis gareSe iRebs.
bolo periodSi islamofobiuri ganwyobebis momZlavrebis
fonze, aseve gaxSirda qarTveli da qisti muslimebis sazR-
varze dausabuTeblad dayovnebisa da Cxrekis SemTxvevebi.
- religiuri organizaciebis dafinanseba
miuxedavad imisa, rom mTavrobam saqarTvelos biujetidan
pirdapiri, dotaciuri dafinanseba gamouyo saqarTvelos
sapatriarqos garda kidev oTx religiur gaerTianebas,
man ver gadaWra dafinansebis manamde arsebul diskrimi-
naciul wesTan dakavSirebuli problema. materialuri da
moraluri zianis anazRaurebis Sesaxeb iniciativas, Tvi-
sobrivad, zianis anazRaurebasTan kavSiri ar aqvs, radgan
mTavrobam gaurkveveli kriteriumebis mixedviT SearCia
mxolod oTxi gaerTianeba maSin, roca sabWoTa reJimis
dros materialuri da moraluri ziani sxva religiur
gaerTianebebsac miadga. zogadad, prob lemuria saxelm-
wifos mier religiuri gaerTianebebis pirdapiri dafinan-
sebis wesi, romliTac ar aris winaswar gansazRvruli, Tu
ra daniSnulebiT iyenebs saqarTvelos sapatriarqo saxel-
mwifo biujetidan gamoyofil Tanxas.
97
- sagadasaxado uTanasworoba
saqarTveloSi arsebuli religiuri umciresobebi,
saqar Tvelos sagadasaxado kanonmdeblobis mixedviT,
saqarTve los sapatriarqosTan mimarTebiT uTanasworo
mdgomareo baSi imyofebian.
- komunaluri gadasaxadebi
religiuri organizaciebi eleqtroenergiisa da wylis
ga dasaxadebs komerciuli organizaciisTvis dadgeni-
li tari fis mixedviT ixdian maSin, roca sapatriarqos
daqvemdebare baSi arsebuli eklesiebis komunaluri xar-
jebi xSirad mu nicipalitetebis biujetidan ifareba.
- sajaro sivrcis SezRudva
bolo periodSi ganviTarebuli movlenebi (muslimebisTvis
locvis uflebis xelyofa, incidenti xanuqas dResaswaul-
ze, imedis saerTaSoriso festivalis CaSlis mcdelobe-
bi, iehovas mowmeebis mier sakulto nagebobis aSenebisTvis
xelis SeSla) gviCvenebs, rom xelisufleba sapatriarqos
da masTan afilirebuli eqstremistuli jgufebis mier
sajaro sivrce ebis indoqtrinaciis verc erT mcdelobas
efeqturad ver gaumklavda. gamudmebiT izRudeba religi-
uri umciresobebis fundamenturi ufleba sajaro sivrce-
Si gaacxadon TavianTi rwmena, gaavrcelon religia da Sea-
srulon religiuri ritualebi.
- sasuliero pirebis mier gamovlenili
Seuwynarebloba
rogorc interviuebis, aseve sajaro gancxadebebis anal-
izi gviCvenebs, rom marTlmadidebel mrevls, gansxvave-
buli religiuri mrwamsis mqone moqalaqeebisTvis re-
ligiuri Tavisuflebis SezRudvisken xSirad sasuliero
pirebi mou wodeben. zogjer sasuliero pirebi religiuri
Seuwynareb lobiT motivirebul samarTaldarRvevebSic
monawileoben. aseT SemTxvevebSi, aucilebelia, samarTal-
damcavma organoeb ma sasuliero pirebis mier Cadenil
qmedebebze adekvaturi reagireba moaxdinon.
98
danarTi
kvelevis farglebSi gamokiTxuli religiuri
gaerTianebebis CamonaTvali
83
1. aRmosavleT evropis somex kaTolikeTa
ordinariati
samarTlebrivi statusi: 2011 wlidan registrirebulia, ro-
gorc sajaro samarTlis iuridiuli piri (ssip)
mrevlis raodenoba: 30 000
geografiuli ganawileba: Tbilisi, samcxe javaxeTi: axal-
cixe, axalqalaqi, ninowminda.
veb-gverdi: http://www.armeniancatholic.org/
interviu: mama mixeil xaWkaliani (Tbilisi)
mama poRosi (axalcixe)
mrevlis erTi warmomadgeneli
2. bahais sazogadoeba saqarTveloSi
gorc arasamewarmeo (arakomerciuli) iuridiuli piri (aaip)
mrevlis raodenoba: 300-mde
geografiuli ganawileba: Tbilisi, baTumi, rusTavi.
veb-gverdi: www.bahai.ge
interviu: raian rohani, erovnuli ofisis xelmZRvaneli
83.
2002

99
3. duxoborebis Temi
samarTlebrivi statusi: ar aris registrirebuli
mimdevrebis raodenoba: 500-mde
geografiuli ganawileba: javaxeTi
interviu: ala beJenceva, mkvlevari
4. evangeluri eklesia `uryevi safuZveli~
samarTlebrivi statusi: araregistrirebuli
geografiuli ganawileba: baTumi
interviu: nino SaTiriSvili, xelmZRvaneli
eklesiis 2 wevri
5. evangelur-baptisturi eklesia `madli~
gorc arasamewarmeo (arakomerciuli) iuridiuli piri (a(a)ip)
mrevlis raodenoba: 80
geografiuli ganawileba: Tbilisi, baTumi
interviu: merab oragveliZe, xelmZRvaneli
6. ezidTa sasuliero kreba saqarTveloSi
gorc sajaro samarTlis iuridiuli piri (ssip).
mrevlis raodenoba: 20, 000
geografiuli ganawileba: Tbilisi, wnori, yvareli.
interviu: dimitri firbari, Temis lideri
100
7. Tbilisis saientologiuri eklesia
samarTlebrivi statusi: arasamewarmeo (arakomerciuli) iu-
ridiuli piri (aaip)
wevrebis raodenoba: 3
geografiuli ganawileba: Tbilisi
veb-gverdi: http://www.scientology.org/
interviu: marine kalandia, aRmasrulebeli direqtori
8. iehovas mowmeTa qristianuli organizacia
saqarTve loSi
gorc arasamewarmeo (arakomerciuli) iuridiuli piri. aseve,
2003 wlidan saqarTveloSi registrirebulia pen silvaniis
aSS saguSago koSkis, bibliis da traqtatebis sazogadoebis
filiali.
mrevlis raodenoba: 20,000
geografiuli ganawileba: saqarTvelos masStabiT aqvT 75
samefo darbazi.
vebgverdi: http://www.jw.org/en/
interviu: manuCar cimintia - organizaciis iuristi
Tamaz xuciSvili - warmomadgeneli
9. kavkasiis muslimTa sammarTvelo
samarTlebrivi statusi: sajaro samarTlis iuridiuli piri
(ssip)
interviu: aivaz mardanovi, sunit muslimTa lideri
10. kriSnas cnobierebis saerTaSoriso
sazogadoeba - veduri kulturis centri
101
interviu: anTimoz nacvliSvili, prezidenti
daviT TuTberiZe, warmomadgeneli
11. laTin kaTolikeTa kavkasiis samociqulo
admi nis tracia
mrevlis raodenoba: 34,727
geografiuli ganawileba: eklesiebi: Tbilisi, axalcixe, vale,
arali, ude, vargavi, WiaTura, axalSeni, ozurgeTi, baTumi,
rusTavi, xizabavra (kaxeTi)
samlocveloebi: ivlita, gori, axalxiza, borjomi, quTaisi,
Sroma, mTisZiri (kaxeTi), sanavardo (kaxeTi).
vebgverdi: http://www.catholicchurch.ge/
interviu: mama gabriele bragantini, episkopaluri vikari
giorgi cxomeliZe, kuriis wevri, mrCveli,
mama akaki WeliZe, kancelariis gamge,
mama mixeil surmava (wm.iosebis eklesia, sof. arali)
mama paata qomoSvili (sofeli vale)
12. malaknebi
geografiuli ganawileba: ZiriTadad gvxvdebian Tbilissa da
kaxeTis sofel iliawmindaSi (uilianovka);
TbilisSi amJamad oTxi saxlia, sadac malaknebi ikribebian: sa-
burTalos, didubis, navTluRisa da RrmaRelis.
interviu: Teodore neudaxini
102
13. marTlmadidebeli eklesia saqarTveloSi
geografiuli ganawileba: Tbilisi, quTaisi, guria
interviu: gelasi aroSvili, winamZRvari
14. megobarTa sazogadoeba kvakerebi
samarTlebrivi statusi: 2012 wlidan organizacia registri-
rebulia, rogorc sajaro samarTlis iuridiuli piri (ssip)
veb-gverdi: http://www.quakerinfo.org/index
interviu: mixeil elizbaraSvili
15. meSvide dRis qristian-adventistTa ekle-
siis tran skavkasiuri iunioni
gorc arasamewarmeo (arakomerciuli) iuridiuli piri
geografiuli ganawileba: qarTli; kaxeTi; imereTi; aWara;
yvelaze didi raodenoba TbilisSia.
veb-gverdi: http://adventist.ru/en
interviu: aleqsandr Svarci, iunionis xelmZRvaneli
boris Waraia, pastori, sazogadoebasTan urTi-
erTobisa da religiuri Tavisuflebis ganyo-
filebis xel mZRvaneli
grigol wamalaSvili, pastori
103
16. msoflio mSvidobis federacia
samarTlebrivi statusi: 2008 wlidan daregistrirebulia,
rogorc arasamewarmeo (arakomerciuli) iuridiuli piri.
veb-gverdi: http://www.upf.org/chapters/list/GE
interviu: vitali maqsimovi
17. sruliad saqarTvelos muslimTa sammar-
Tvelo
veb-gverdi: http://www.amag.ge/
interviu: dasavleT saqarTvelos mufti jemal paqsaZe
xulos raionis mufti aslan abaSiZe
yofili Seixi vagif aqperovi

18. qarTvel muslimTa kavSiri
veb-gverdi: http://www.islam.ge/
interviu: tariel nakaiZe, Tavmjdomaris moadgile
mrevlis oTxi wevri (baTumi)
19. sofel duisis muslimi Temi
interviu: imami amir xangoSvili,
adgilobrivi muslimi omar xangoSvili
e.w. tradiciuli islamis mimdevrebi: sof. dui-
sis sufisturi meCeTis imami omar aldamovi
104
20. protestantuli eklesiebis gaerTianeba
`gedeoni~
`gedeoni~ warmoadgens protestantuli eklesiebis wev rebis
mier dafuZnebul organizacias.
ridiuli piri (a(a)ip)
wevrebis raodenoba: 150-mde
geografiuli ganawileba: quTaisi, baTumi
interviu: genadi malaymaZe, gaerTianebis wevri
21. saerTaSoriso saqvelmoqmedo organizacia
xsnis ar mia-s warmomadgenloba saqarTveloSi
wevrebis raodenoba: 600-mde
geografiuli ganawileba: organizacias rva korpusi aqvs
saqarTveloSi (Tbilisi, rusTavi, lagodexi, baTumi)
interviu: besik nebieriZe, xsnis armiis regionaluri oficeri
irma nebieriZe, xsnis armiis regionaluri oficeri
22. saqarTvelos evangelisturi eklesia
mrevlis raodenoba: 150-mde.
interviu: zaal tyeSelaSvili, pastori
23. saqarTvelos evangelur-baptisturi eklesia
105
geografiuli ganawileba: Tbilisi, qarTlis regioni (xaS-
uris, fcis, borjomis, kaspis, metexis, axalcixis eklesiebi),
dasavleTis mxare (baTumi, foTi, zugdidi, ozurgeTi, saCxere
da quTaisi), kaxeTis regioni (lagodexi, oJio, (axmetis raio-
ni), axalsofeli, Telavi, wnori, dedoflis wyaro)
veb-gverdi: http://www.ebcgeorgia.org/
interviu: episkoposi rusudan gociriZe
24. saqarTvelos evangelur-luTeruli eklesia
samarTlebrivi statusi: 2011 registrirebulia, rogorc sa-
jaro samarTlis iuridiuli piri (ssip)
geografiuli ganawileba: Tbilisis, rusTavis, bolnisis,
gardabnis, borjomis municipalitetebi, sofeli elizabet-
tali (asureTi)
veb-gverdi: http://elkg.ge/
interviu: episkoposi hans ioaxim kiderleni
pastori irina solei
25. saqarTvelos evangelur-protestantuli
eklesia
mrevlis raodenoba:1000-mde
geografiuli ganawileba: Tbilisi, q. rusTavi, q. gori, q. xa-
Suri da q. qareli; aRniSnuli qalaqebis mimdebare soflebi.
eklesiis administraciuli centri mdebareobs gorSi.
veb-gverdi: http://www.protestant.ge/
interviu: pastori Smagi WankvetaZe
106
26. saqarTvelos evangelur-protestantuli
eklesia `RvTis eri~
samarTlebrivi statusi: sajaro samarTlis iuridiuli piri
(ssip)
geografiuli ganawileba: Tbilisi, gardabani, marneuli.
interviu: selvio oganesiani (pastori)

27. saqarTvelos mTavari rabinati
gorc arasamewarmeo (arakomerciuli) iuridiuli piri.
mrevlis raodenoba: 3,541 (0,1%)
interviu: mTavari rabini aviSai baTaSvili
mTavari rabinis TanaSemwe naTan (dima) TafliaSvili
28. saqarTvelos saxarebis rwmenis eklesia
mrevlis raodenoba: 10,000-mde
geografiuli ganawileba: Tbilisi, ozurgeTi, foTi, senaki,
zugdidi, gori, zestafoni, samtredia, quTaisi da aS. saqarT-
velos masStabiT sul 120 eklesia
veb-gverdi: www.qristiani.ge
interviu: lela xoneliZe, sazogadoebasTan urTierTobis
ganyofilebis xelmZRvaneli
spartak WankvetaZe, quTaisis eklesiis pastori
mrevlis oTxi wevri
107
29. saqarTvelos sicocxlis sityvis eklesia
ridiuli piri (a(a)ip)
geografiuli ganawileba: qareli, Tbilisi, gori, baTumi,
qobuleTi, sarTiWala, zugdidi, orsantia,
interviu: pastori mamuka jebisaSvili
30. saqarTveloSi asiriul-qaldeuri
kaTolike Temi
mrevlis raodenoba: aqtiuri - 350-mde, pasiuri (dResaswau-
lebs eswrebian) - 2000-mde.
interviu: xelmZRvaneli beniamin beTiadegari
31. somexTa samociqulo marTlmadidebeli
wminda eklesiis saqarTvelos eparqia
mrevlis raodenoba:171,139
geografiuli ganawileba: Tbilisi, q. baTumi, axalcixis, ax-
alqalaqis, apinZis, borjomis, TeTriwyaros, marneulis, wal-
kis, ninowmindis municipalitetebi
vebgverdi: http://armenianchurch.ge
interviu: arqimandriti babgen salbiani - saqarTvelos
somexTa eparqiis samcxe-javaxeTis regionis
saerTo eparqialuri vikariusi
mRvdeli narek RuSCiani- Tbilisis kaTedraluri
surb gevorg eklesiis moZRvari
108
mRvdeli taTev manukiani - moZRvari, saqarTvelos
somexTa eparqia samcxe-javaxeTSi
levon isaxaniani - iuridiul sakiTxTa, saxelmwi-
fosTan urTierTobisa da interreligiuri Tanam-
Sromlobis ganyofilebis xelmZRvaneli
32. ufali Caitanias misia
interviu: aleqsandre SuRlaZe, vaxtang ServaSiZe
33. wmida samebis eklesia
mrevlis raodenoba:300
geografiuli ganawileba: baTumi, qobuleTi, foTi
vebgverdi: http://www.stecclesia.org/
interviu: varlam ramiSvili, pastori, eklesiis winamZRvari
mrevlis oTxi wevri

რელიგიური გაერთიანებების საჭიროებების კვლევა საქართველოში

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რელიგიური გაერთიანებების საჭიროებების კვლევა საქართველოში

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Tbilisi, 2014

tolerantobis da mravalferovnebis instituti

tolerantobis da mravalferovnebis institutis (TDI)

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