Chapter 4/5 Review: Cell Reproduction and Heredity

Name________________________________

Date_________

Hour_______

Match the description in the first column with the item in the second column by writing the correct letter in
the space provided. Some items in the second column may not be used.
____ 1. reproduction in which a new organism is produced
when sex cells from two parents combine

a. asexual
b. chromosomes
c. DNA

____ 2. cell that forms in fertilization

d. egg
e. fertilization

____ 3. the division of organism into two equal parts

f. gene
g. clone

____ 4. the joining of an egg and a sperm

h. mutation
i. sexual

____ 5. when an organism re-grows a missing part

j. sperm
k. fission

____ 6. any permanent change in a gene or chromosome

l. budding
m. regeneration

____ 7. an individual that is genetically identical to one of its

n. zygote

parents
____ 9. the female sex cell
____ 10. the male sex cell
For each of the following, write the letter of the term or phrase that best completes the sentence.
____11. Each human skin cell has ____________ pair of chromosomes.
a. 13

b. 18

c. 23

d. 46

____12. All of the following are made up of body cells EXCEPT _______________.
a. bone

b. kidney

c. liver

d. egg

____13. In sexual reproduction, a new organism is produced when ________________.

a. cells divide into two equal parts

c. budding occurs

b. sex cells from two parents combine

d. a new organism regenerates

____ 14. All organisms go through a ______________ ______________ when they are alive.
a. atom change

b. molecule change c. life cycle

d. electron cycle

____ 15. When a cell makes a copy of itself, it copies the _____________ in the cells nucleus.
a. RNA

b. NBA

c. WNA

d. DNA

____ 16. An example of an organism that reproduces using the process of budding is a:
a. cow

b. human

c. mushroom d. yeast cell

____ 17. Every healthy adult has __________ pair of chromosomes in their regular body cells.
a. 13

b. 23

c. 36

d. 46

____ 18. When a geckos tail falls off, it can grow back. What type of asexual reproduction is this showing?
a. fission

b. regeneration

c. budding

d. fusion

____ 19. Which of the following is NOT a type of asexual reproduction?

a. fission

b. joining of egg and sperm c. regeneration

d. budding

____ 20. A ______________ was the first animal to be successfully cloned.

a. cow

b. pig

c. dog

d. sheep

____ 21. What are the only two cells in the human body that have 23 chromosomes?
a. bone/muscle

b. sperm/egg

c. brain/kidney

d. blood/liver

_____ 22. A __________________ cell is a cell that has developed into a specific or particular type of cell.
a.

unspecialized

b. specialized

c. embryo

d. stem

_____ 24. ____________ cells are unspecialized cells capable of renewing themselves through cell division.
a. unspecialized

b. specialized

c. embryo

d. stem

_____ 25. When cells differentiate, they could develop into

a.

bone cells

b. nerve cells

c. muscle cells

d. all answers are correct

_____ 26. A disadvantage of asexual reproduction is

a. large colonies form

c. large colonies can be killed by temperature or other simple factors

b. fast reproduction

d. no energy is required

_____ 27. _________________ reproduction allows us to predict some of the offspring.

a.

Sexual

b. Asexual

c. Genetic

d. Artificial

_____ 28. Which of the following is NOT an advantage of sexual reproduction?

a. greater chance of survival

c. more advanced species

b. several genetic variations

d. large amounts of energy required

Fill in the blanks:

29. The passing of traits from parent to offspring is called ______________________.
30. The form of a trait that appears least often in offspring is called __________________.
31. _______________ was considered the father of genetics.
32. A ________________ trait seems to dominate or mask another form of the same trait.
33. The study of how alleles affect generations of offspring is called _______________.
34. A genetic disorder in which one cannot see red or green colors is called __________ _______________.
35. A ________________ is a map that shows the location of individual genes on every chromosome in a
person.
36. The ___________ ____________ project is where scientists mapped all the genes in the human body.
37. _________________ _________________ is the genetic disorder that blocks oxygen from getting
through the lungs.

Please use complete sentences to answer the following questions:

38. When we surveyed the 7th grade class on hair color, what were the FOUR alleles for hair color?

39. What is one advantage and one disadvantage of the possibility of human cloning someday?

40. What are the letter shapes for the female chromosome pairs and the male chromosome pairs?

41. Why do people with sickle-cell anemia have difficulty getting enough oxygen in their cells?

42. Why would a person with hemophilia need to be careful around sharp objects?

43. Why is stem cell research important?