Bao - Cao - DTM Tram XLNT BV Cho Ray

Benh Vien Ch Ray .
Bao Cao anh

Gia Tac ong Moi Trng.
D An Xay Dng Mi He Thong Thu Gom va Tram X Ly Nc Thai Benh
Vien Ch Ray
MUC LUC
M AU
Xuat x cua d an
Can c phap luat va ky thuat cua viec thc
hien TM
To chc thc hien bao cao TM
1.
2.
3.
4
4
4
5
Chng I:
MO TA D AN
1.1.
Ten d an
1.2.
Chu d an
1.3.
V tr a ly cua d an
1.4.
Cac noi dung chu yeu cua d an
7
7
7
8
8
8
9
9
1
6
2
2
2
3
1.4.1. Noi dung thc hien d an

1.4.2. Cong nghe thi cong.
1.4.3. Phng an thu gom va quy trnh X Ly Nc Thai.
1.4.4. May moc, thiet b.
1.4.5. Hoa chat s dung
1.4.6. To chc nhan s.
Chng II:
IEU KIEN T NHIEN, MOI TRNG VA
KINH TE-XA HOI
2.1.
ieu kien t nhien va moi trng
2.1.1.
ieu kien ve a ly, a chat
2.1.2.
ieu kien ve kh tng-thuy van
2.1.3.
Hien trang cac thanh phan moi trng t nhien
2
4
2
4
2
4
2
7
2
7
2
7
2
9
2
9
2
9
3
0
3
1
2.1.3. Hien trang moi trng khong kh

1.
2.1.3. Hien trang moi trng nc
2.
a. Hien trang he thong cap nc trong benh vien
b. Hien trang he thong thu gom, x ly nc thai cua
benh vien
c. Hien trang he thong cong thoat nc thai khu vc
xung quanh benh vien
d. Hien trang chat lng nc ngam Tp Ho Ch Minh
Trung tam T van & Chuyen giao Cong nghe

Nc sach va Moi trng
Benh Vien Ch Ray .

Bao Cao anh
Vien Ch Ray
e. Hien trang chat lng nc mat Tp Ho Ch Minh
3
1
3
2
3
3
3
3
3
3
2.1.3. Hien trang chat lng at

3.
2.2.
ieu kien kinh te-xa hoi
2.2.1.
ieu kien ve kinh te
2.2.2.
ieu kien ve xa hoi
Chng III:
ANH GIA TAC ONG CUA D AN EN
MOI TRNG
3.1.
Nguon gay tac ong .
3.1.1.
3
4
3
4
3
4
3
4
3
5
3
8
3
8
3
8
3
9
3
9
3
9
3
9
4
0
4
0
4
0
4
1
4
1
Cac nguon gay tac ong
3.1.1. Tac ong do qua trnh lap at he thong thu gom

va xay dng Tram X Ly
1
3.1.1. Khi Tram x ly i vao hoat ong
2
3.1.2.
3.2.
D bao nhng rui ro ve s co moi trng do d an

gay ra.
oi tng, quy mo b tac ong
3.2.1.
Cac thanh phan t nhien
3.2.2.
Yeu to con ngi
3.3.
anh gia tac ong
3.3.1
Cac tac ong ve kinh te, xa hoi cua d an
3.3.2
Cac tac ong trong qua trnh xay dng
3.3.3
Cac tac ong khi tram x ly i vao hoat ong.

Tieng on- o rung
3.3.3.
1.
3.3.3. Kh thai
2.
3.3.3. Nc thai
3.
3.3.3. Chat thai ran (bun thai)
4.

Nc sach va Moi trng
Benh Vien Ch Ray .

Bao Cao anh
Vien Ch Ray
3.3.3. Chat thai nguy hai

5
3.4
4
1
4
2
anh gia ve phng phap s dung
Chng IV:
4.1.
4.1.1.
4.1.2.
CAC BIEN PHAP GIAM THIEU, PHONG

NGA TAC ONG XAU VA NG PHO S
CO MOI TRNG
Cac bien phap giam thieu va phong nga
tac ong xau
Cac bien phap giam thieu tac ong trong giai oan
xay dng he thong thu gom va tram XLNT
Cac bien phap giam thieu tac ong khi Tram x ly
i vao hoat ong.
oi vi hoat ong cua cac phng tien chuyen
ch.
oi vi hoat ong lu tr hoa chat x ly, bun
thai.
oi vi hoat ong cua tram x ly.
4
3
4
3
4
3
4
4
4
4
4
4.1.2.
1.
4.1.2.
2.
4.1.2.
3.
4.1.2. Cac bien phap khac
4.
4.2
4
4
4
4
5
4
5
Bien phap ng pho vi s co moi trng
Chng V Chng V:
CAM KET THC HIEN BIEN PHAP BAO
VE MOI TRNG
4
6
Chng VI: Chng VI:

CAC THIET B X LY MOI TRNG,
CHNG TRNH QUAN LY VA GIAM SAT
MOI TRNG
6.1
Cac thiet b x ly moi trng
6.2
Chng trnh quan ly va giam sat moi trng
6.2.1.
Chng trnh quan ly moi trng
6.2.2.
Chng trnh giam sat moi trng
4
7
4
7
4
7
4
7
4
8
Chng VII: D TOAN KINH PH CHO CAC THIET B BAO

VE MOI TRNG
Chng VIII THAM VAN Y KIEN CONG ONG
8.1.
5
0
5
1
5
1
Y kien cua UBND Phng 12, Quan 5.

Nc sach va Moi trng
Benh Vien Ch Ray .

Bao Cao anh
Vien Ch Ray
8.2.
Y kien cua UBMTTQ Phng 12, Quan 5.
9.1.
CAC NGUON CUNG CAP D LIEU VA

PHNG PHAP ANH GIA
Nguon cung cap d lieu, so lieu
9.1.1.
Tai lieu tham khao.
9.1.2.
Tai lieu d lieu chu d an cung cap.
9.1.3.
Cac so lieu o ac
9.2.
Cac phng phap ap dung trong qua trnh thc

hien TM
Nhan xet ve mc o chi tiet, o tin cay cua
cac anh gia
5
1
Chng IX
9.3.
5
2
5
2
5
2
5
2
5
2
5
2
5
3
KET LUAN VA KIEN NGH
5
4
PHU LUC

Nc sach va Moi trng
Benh Vien Ch Ray .

Bao Cao anh
Vien Ch Ray
M AU
1. XUAT X CUA D AN.
Benh Vien Ch Ray la mot n v s nghiep trc thuoc
BoY Te, benh vien c thanh lap nam 1900 vi chc nang
kham, cha benh, phong benh va cham soc, phuc hoi sc
khoe cho ngi dan moi o tuoi va moi oi tng thuoc
cac tnh, thanh pho khu vc mien Nam tuyen cao nhat.
ay cung la c quan ch ao cao nhat ve chuyen mon ky
thuat cho cac benh vien khac, cac c s y te tuyen trc
cho toan khu vc mien Nam. T ngay thanh lap ti nay oi
ngu y, bac s cua benh vien a khong ngng no lc trong
cong tac nghien cu, cham lo, cha tr cho cac benh nhan
cua mnh. Ben canh viec cai tao, xay mi c s vat chat,
tang so ging benh e giai quyet tnh trang qua tai th van
e bao ve moi trng la nhiem vu cap bach.
Qua trnh hoat ong cua benh vien tiem an nhieu yeu
to co the gay tac ong ti moi trng, trong o nc thai
la nguon gay o nhiem hang au. Nc thai benh vien ben
canh cac ac tnh o nhiem thong thng con co nhng chat
ban khoang va hu c ac thu nh cac che pham thuoc,
cac chat kh trung, cac dung moi hoa hoc, cac ong v
phong xa c s dung trong qua trnh chuan oan va ieu
tr. ac biet nc thai benh vien cha rat nhieu vi trung
gay benh co the gay ra nhng anh hng nghiem trong ti
moi trng va sc khoe cong ong.
Vi muc tieu gi gn moi trng trong sach ben trong benh
vien cung nh khu vc xung quanh, am bao nc thai benh
vien khi xa vao he thong cong chung cua thanh pho khong
cha cac vi trung gay benh va khong gay o nhiem. c s
quan tam khuyen khch cua Bo Y Te, UBND Tp Ho Ch Minh va
cac ban nganh lien quan Benh vien Ch Ray quyet nh au
t xay dng mi He thong thu gom va Tram x ly nc
thai cong suat: 4.200 m3/ngay em) tai a ch: 201B,
ng Nguyen Ch Thanh, Phng 12, Quan 5, Tp. HCM.
2. CAN C PHAP LUAT VA KY THUAT CUA

VIEC THC HIEN TM
Bao cao anh gia Tac ong Moi trng (TM) D
anXay Dng Mi He Thong Thu Gom va Tram X Ly

Nc sach va Moi trng
Benh Vien Ch Ray .

Bao Cao anh
Vien Ch Ray
Nc Thai Benh Vien Ch Ray c lap can c theo

cac van ban phap luat va cac van ban ky thuat sau:
- Luat bao ve moi trng do Quoc hoi nc Cong Hoa
Xa Hoi chu Ngha Viet Nam thong qua va c ban hanh ngay
29/11/2005.
- Ngh nh so 80/2006/N-CP ngay 9/8/2006 cua Chnh Phu
ve viec quy nh chi tiet va hng dan thi hanh mot so ieu
cua luat bao ve moi trng .
- Thong t so 08/2006/ TT-BTNMT ngay 08/09/2006 cua Bo
Tai Nguyen va Moi Trng hng dan ve anh gia moi
trng chien lc, anh gia tac ong moi trng va cam ket
bao ve moi trng.
- Cac tieu chuan Nha nc Viet Nam ve moi trng do
Bo Khoa Hoc Cong Nghe va Bo Tai Nguyen Moi Trng ban
hanh.
- Cac tieu chuan quy nh hien hanh ve x ly nc thai,
kh thai va chat thai.
- Quyet nh giao at so 6446/Q-UB-QLT do Uy Ban Nhan
Dan Thanh pho Ho Ch Minh cap cho Benh vien Ch Ray ngay
28/11/1998.
- Quyet nh ban hanh ieu le to chc va hoat ong so
4175/Q-BYT cua Benh vien Ch Ray do Bo Y te cap ngay
22/11/2004.
3. TO CHC THC HIEN TM.

Theo tinh than cua luat bao ve moi trng, Ngh nh so
80/2006/N-CP ngay 9/8/2006 cua Chnh Phu ve viec quy nh chi
tiet va hng dan thi hanh mot so ieu cua Luat bao ve
moi trng, Thong t so 08/2006/ TT-BTNMT ngay 08/09/2006
cua Bo Tai Nguyen va Moi Trng hng dan ve anh gia
moi trng chien lc, anh gia tac ong moi trng va
cam ket bao ve moi trng, Benh vien Ch Ray can lap
bao cao TM cho d an Xay Dng Mi He Thong Thu Gom
va Tram X Ly Nc Thai Benh Vien Ch Ray.
Benh vien Ch Ray a ky hp ong thue n v t van
e thc hien bao cao la: Trung Tam T Van & Chuyen Giao
Cong Nghe Nc Sach va Moi Trng (CTC).
Trung Tam T Van & Chuyen Giao Cong Nghe Nc Sach va
Moi Trng (CTC) trc thuoc Ban Ch ao Quoc Gia ve Cung
Cap Nc Sach va Ve Sinh Moi Trng.
Nc sach va Moi trng
Benh Vien Ch Ray .

Bao Cao anh
Vien Ch Ray
Tru s chnh: so 1001 - ng Hoang Quoc Viet - Quan

Cau Giay - TP Ha Noi.
Chi nhanh pha nam: 334/2 Bis, ng Dng Quang Ham, Q
Go Vap,TP. HCM.
Giam oc: PGS.TSKH Nguyen Xuan Nguyen.
Danh sach cac can bo tham gia xay dng bao cao TM:
1. PGS.TSKH Nguyen Xuan
Nguyen
Giam oc Trung Tam CTC
2. KS. Dng Hai Au
Trng chi nhanh CTC 2
3. KS. Tran Van Sc
Chi nhanh CTC 2
4. KS. Vng Hu Ngha
Phong d an TT CTC
5. KS. Vu c Chung
Phong d an TT CTC
6. KS. Nguyen Th Hong DiemNhan vien PTN chi nhanh CTC 2

7. KS. Tran Quoc Hung
Nhan vien PTN chi nhanh CTC 2
8. KTV. Tran nh Thanh
Nhan vien PTN chi nhanh CTC 2
Ngoai ra bao cao c thc hien vi s ho tr cua cac

can bo Benh Vien.
* Muc ch cua bao cao nay la:
- anh gia mot cach tong quan ve ieu kien t nhien,
kinh te xa hoi. Xac nh hien trang moi trng khu vc trien
khai d an.
- D bao ve cac rui ro, s co moi trng co the xay ra
trong qua trnh xay dng cung nh khi tram x ly nc thai i
vao hoat ong.
- Phan tch, anh gia mot cach khoa hoc cac tac ong co
the xay ra trong qua trnh xay dng, van hanh tram x ly ti
moi trng xung quanh.
- Xay dng va e xuat cac bien phap tong hp e giam
thieu cac tac ong xau, bao ve moi trng.
- e xuat chng trnh quan ly, giam sat va khong che o
nhiem moi trng khi tram x ly i vao hoat ong.

Nc sach va Moi trng
Benh Vien Ch Ray .

Bao Cao anh
Vien Ch Ray
Chng I
MO TA D AN
1.1. TEN D AN:
Ten d an: Xay Dng Mi He Thong Thu Gom va
Tram X Ly Nc Thai Benh Vien Ch Ray.
1.2. CHU D AN:

BENH VIEN CH RAY
a ch:
5, Tp. HCM.
201B,ng Nguyen Ch Thanh, Phng 12, Quan
T: 08.8554137-38.
Fax: 08.8557267.
Email: bvchoray@hcm.vnn.vn
www.choray.rog.vn
Ngi ai dien: PGS.TS. Trng Vn Viet
oc Benh Vien.
Website:
Chc vu: Giam
* Lch s hnh thanh va phat trien:

- Bnh vin Ch Ry c thnh lp nm 1900 vi tn chnh thc l Hospital Municipal
de Cholon Ri ln lt bnh vin c i tn thnh Hospital Indigene de Cochinchine
(1919), Hospital Lalung Bonnaire (1938), Hospital 415 (1945). Sau bnh vin c
tch ra lm 2 phng khm l Hm Nghi v Nam Vit. Hai phng khm ny st nhp li
vo nm 1957 tr thnh Bnh vin Ch Ry cho ti ngy ngay. Trong thc t, ngi
dn vn dng tn Ch Ry gi Bnh vin t ngy thnh lp.

Nc sach va Moi trng
Benh Vien Ch Ray .

Bao Cao anh
Vien Ch Ray
- Nm 1971, Bnh vin Ch Ry c ti xy dng trn mt din tch 53.000m 2 vi

trang thit b hin i tr thnh mt trong nhng bnh vin ln nht ng Nam .
Cng trnh c hon thnh vo thng su nm 1974, bng vin tr khng hon li ca
chnh ph Nht Bn. Ta nh mi ca Bnh Vin Ch Ry ngy nay gm 11 tng.
- Bnh vin Ch Ry l mt trong 3 bnh vin c B Y t u t tr thnh bnh
vin a khoa hon chnh. Hin nay, bnh vin c 35 khoa lm sng, 11 khoa cn lm
sng v 8 phng chc nng. Bnh vin ang xy dng y cc chuyn khoa.
- Chc nng chnh ca bnh vin Ch Ry l iu tr cho bnh nhn cc tnh pha Nam,
o to i hc v sau i hc, nghin cu khoa hc v ch o tuyn.
- Bnh vin Ch Ry l c s thc hnh i hc v Sau i hc ca trng i hc Y
Dc Thnh ph H Ch Minh. Ngoi ra, bnh vin ch ng o to cng ngh v o
to li cho Bc s khu vc pha Nam. Hng nm bnh vin nhn trn 2.500 sinh vin Y
khoa n thc tp v hn 600 Bc s n d cc kha hun luyn sau i hc.
- Di s ch o trc tip ca B Y T, Bnh vin Ch Ry vi i ng cn b cng
chc hn 2590 ngi, trong c 535 bc s, dc s v 1070 iu dng, nm 2004
bnh vin iu tr hn 657.900 bnh nhn ngoi tr trong c khong 85.800 trng
hp cp cu; v 83.800 bnh nhn ni tr. Bnh vin Ch Ry thc s l c s h
tr v l tuyn sau cng ca 37 tnh thnh pha Nam, k c Thnh ph H Ch Minh vi
tng s dn khong 40 triu ngi.
Bnh vin Ch Ry c Nh nc trao tng:
- Hun chng Lao ng hng I, nm 1999.
- Danh hiu Anh hng lao ng, nm 2000.
- Hun chng c lp hng III, nm 2005
* Hnh 1: Hnh anh Benh vien Ch Ray xa va nay.

* Ban ve 01: mat bang hien trang benh vien Ch Ray.
1.3. V TR A LY CUA D AN:

D an c trien khai ben trong khuon vien Benh Vien
Ch Ray.
Benh vien Ch Ray toa lac tai 201B, ng Nguyen Ch
Thanh, Phng 12, Quan 5, Tp. Ho Ch Minh co tong dien tch la
53.065m2 va co can gii nh sau:
- Pha Bac: Giap vi ng Trieu Quang Phuc.
- Pha ong
: Giap vi ng Pham Hu Tr.
- Pha Nam : Giap vi ng Thuan Kieu.

- Pha Tay : Giap vi ng Nguyen Ch Thanh.
Khu at d kien xay dng Tram X Ly Nc Thai nam
gia Benh vien. Tong dien tch khu at (d kien): 1.163,40
m2.

Nc sach va Moi trng
Benh Vien Ch Ray .

Bao Cao anh
Vien Ch Ray
Cac cong trnh tiep giap vi v tr khu at xay dng tram

x ly nc thai:
- Pha Bac giap vi khu B3 (cach khoang 15m).
- Pha ong giap vi khoa ong v phong xa (cach khoang
18m).
- pha Nam giap vi ng noi bo va trai 22.
- Pha Tay giap vi khu at trong .
* Hnh anh khuon vien Benh vien Ch Ray (hnh 02).
1.4. NOI DUNG CHU YEU CUA D AN:

1.4.1. Noi dung thc hien d an Xay Dng Mi He
Thong Thu Gom va Tram X Ly Nc Thai Benh
Vien Ch Ray.
- Tien hanh ao, lap at he thong thu gom nc thai
hoan chnh cho toan bo khuon vien Benh vien. He thong thu
gom nc thai c xay dng tach biet hoan toan vi ng
thoat nc ma.
- Xay dng tram X ly nc thai tap trung theo cong
nghe x l sinh hc trong thit b hp khi AAO: ket hp ong thi cac
qua trnh x ly k kh (anaerobic), thieu kh (anoxic) va hieu kh
(oxic). Toan bo tram c at ngam di at (ngoai tr nha
ieu hanh).
Cac phan viec chnh bao gom:
Chuan b mat bang, d bo tram cu tng phan cho
en khi tram mi hoan thanh.
ong c mong, ao ho thi cong.
o be tong, xay cac be x ly.
Lap at thiet b , he thong ien, ieu khien cho
tram x ly
Lap at pha tren tram, trong cay xanh khoi phuc
canh quan ban au.
- Tien hanh au noi he thong thu gom nc thai ve Tram
x ly va au noi xa nc thai sau x ly vao he thong
cong chung cua thanh pho.
* S o mat bang tong the he thong thu gom (ban ve 0
2).
* S o mat bang tram x ly (ban ve 03).

Nc sach va Moi trng
10
Benh Vien Ch Ray .

Bao Cao anh
Vien Ch Ray
* Tong so von au t cho d an: 39 t VN (Ba mi chn

t ong).
Trong o:
- Von au t cho xay dng he thong x ly :
35.000.000.0000 (VN)
- Von au t cho xay lap he thong thu gom nc thai:
4.000.000.0000 (VN)
* Cong suat tram x ly: 4.200 (m3/ngay em)
* T le s dung at cua d an. Ngoai tr nha ieu
hanh, con lai toan bo tram x ly nc thai c xay ngam
di mat at. Sau qua trnh xay dng dien tch pha tren tram
se c lap at, khoi phuc tr thanh cong vien. T le dien
tch tram x ly tren tong dien tch Benh vien: 1/53 (khoang
2%).
* Tien o cua d an.
- Giai oan chuan b thu tuc phap ly (xin phep au t, xin
phep xay dng, ky hp ong vi n v thi cong, xay lap... ):
03 thang.
- Thc hien qua trnh xay dng, lap at he thong thu gom
va Tram x ly nc thai: 07 thang.
1.4.2. Cong nghe thi cong.
Qua trnh thi cong se c c gii hoa toi a.
S dng phng n bm b tng trn sn nhm rt ngn thi gian, hn ch ti a
ting n, bi.
1.4.3. Phng an thu gom va Quy trnh x ly nc
thai.
* Tnh chat chung cua nc thai benh vien
iem ac thu cua nc thai benh vien phat sinh t cac
khau kham cha benhkhi cha phan huy co mau o nau,
co mui tanh kho chu, co cha vo so cac mam benh, mau,
te bao, hoa chat, dc pham va cac chat hu c, cac tac
nhan gay oc. Cac chat nay co kha nang gay ra cac tac
hai nh:
Chat ran l lng se tng tac vi cac chat ban khac
trong nc thai y te gay o nhiem th cap cho moi trng
nc lam tch tu cac chat oc anh hng en i song cua
ong thc vat thuy sinh neu thai ra moi trng va khong
c x ly.

Nc sach va Moi trng
11
Benh Vien Ch Ray .

Bao Cao anh
Vien Ch Ray
Cac loai vi sinh va mam benh trong nc co kha nang

lam lay nhiem benh tat tren dien rong cho con ngi va
ong vat.
Cac loai dan xuat co trong dc pham nh chloroform,
toluen, formandehit, phenol khi hoa tan trong nc gay mui hoi
va o oc rat cao.
Chat tay ra kh trung co trong nc thai y te nh
cloride, NaOH, cac muoi Clo lam cho tang o kiem va tnh
oc cho cac vi sinh vat trong nc.
V vay, neu khong kiem soat va x ly tot nguon nc
thai nay se lam lan truyen o nhiem trong nc mat cung
nh nc ngam, gay nen dch benh cho vung b nhiem khuan,
gay ra cac thiet hai to ln cho sc khoe cua con ngi song
trong va xung quanh benh vien.
* Phng an xay dng he thong thu gom nc thai
Nc thai c thu gom t tat ca cac khoa, phong,
buong benh tap trung vao cac ho ga ky thuat roi chay
vao he thong ong dan. Toan bo lng nc thai c dan
ve be ieu hoa tram x ly (theo c che t chay).
He thong thu gom nc thai co chieu dai tong
cong:1.431m , bao gom cac cap ong (D400: 82m; D300: 517m;
D200: 832m; ong nhanh khac : 135m).
* Quy trnh X ly nc thai

Nc
thai
May thoi
kh
Nc sach
va
Moi trng
Song
Be
Be
phan
ieu
lang
chan
Bun xa
12
Benh Vien Ch Ray .

Bao Cao anh
Vien Ch Ray
Khong kh
Be k kh
Khong kh
Khong kh
PAC
NaClO
Be thieu
kh
Bun tuan
hoan
Be hieu
kh
Be lang
cap 2
Bun xa
Nc tuan
hoan
Be nen
bun
Be kh
trung
Nc
thai sau
x ly
May ep
bun
DD PAA
Bun
kho
* Thuyt minh qu trnh:

Toan bo nc thai cua benh vien c dan ve be ieu
hoa. Trc khi vao be nc thai c a qua may tach
Nc sach va Moi trng
13
Benh Vien Ch Ray .

Bao Cao anh
Vien Ch Ray
rac t ong e loai bo rac (co the gay tac nghen bm,
ng ong, cac he thong loc khac nhau va lam giam hieu
qua cua qua trnh x ly).
Tai Be ieu hoa nc thai c ieu chnh pH nh he
thong ieu chnh pH t ong. He thong nay bao gom mot
au o pH lay tn hieu o, a qua bo chuyen oi transmiter. Bo
chuyen oi nay se t ong ieu khien cac bm nh lng
hoa chat kiem va axit e a pH cua nc thai ve mc trung
tnh. Ngoai ra Be ieu hoa con c bo tr he thong phan
phoi kh dang ong uc lo nham tranh lang can va tang
cng qua trnh on nh ve nong o trong be.
Nc thai t be ieu hoa se chay qua Be phan ng.
Tai ay hon hp phen nhom hoac phen sat se c them
vao. Trong be phan ng co bo tr he thong canh khuay
nham tang kha nang hoa tron.
Nc thai sau o c bm len Be lang cap 1 nh cac
bm chm. Qua trnh bm c ieu khien t ong nh lu
lng ke ien t va bo x ly tn hieu trung tam PLC.
Do vay lu lng bm luon c xac nh va kiem soat. Tai be
lang cap 1 mot phan can l lng (SS) c lang xuong e
giam tai cho khoi x ly sau.
Nc thai sau o tiep tuc chay tran sang khoi Be x ly
chnh AAO (A:Anaerrobic; A:Anoxic; O:oxic) kieu aeroten va
biofilter ket hp co lp em vi sinh. Trong cac ngan nay
nc thai c phan phoi eu nh he thong dang ong uc
lo. Tai be AAO nh kha nang cua cac chung vi sinh vat co
trong lp bun hoat tnh l lng va vi sinh bam dnh tren lp
vat lieu loc ma cac chat o nhiem co trong nc thai c
hap thu.
Kh cap cho vi sinh vat trong be c phan phoi eu di
ay be nh he thong phan phoi kh dang a (disc
diffuser) at ay be. Kh c lay t cac may thoi kh
can (Air Blower) at trong gian may thoi kh.
Khoi be x ly chnh AAO bao gom (ngan yem kh, ngan
thieu kh, ngan hieu kh). Nc thai sau khi qua ngan hieu kh
th mot lng nc c tuan hoan lai nham chuyen hoa NO 3sinh ra qua trnh trc thanh kh N 2 thoat len.Viec ket hp
x ly Ni, Photpho, BOD a giup chat lng nc au ra am
bao at tieu chuan thai.
Tai cac ngan cua khoi be AAO co at cac au o DO.
Cac au o nay lay tn hieu o nong o oxy hoa tan trong be
c duy tr trong khoang thch hp cho hoat ong cua vi sinh vat
thong qua cac van ien va bien tan.
Hon hp bun nc t be AAO c dan sang Be lang
th cap. Tai ay bun (te bao vi sinh vat) c lang xuong

Nc sach va Moi trng
14
Benh Vien Ch Ray .

Bao Cao anh
Vien Ch Ray
ay be, nc trong c cho chay tran qua mang va chay

vao Be kh trung.
Bun lang c thu di ay doc cua be lang. Mot phan
bun c bm tuan hoan tr lai khoi be AAO e bu ap lai
s thieu hut cua bun hoat tnh trong be. Phan bun d c a
sang Be nen bun. Tai ay trong ieu kien khong co thc
an, cac vi sinh vat se phan huy noi bao lam giam lng
bun thai. Bun tr sau qua trnh phan huy c bm ti May
ep bun e ep tach nc lam kho bun. Phan nc thai d
t be nen bun va t cong oan ep bun c dan quay ve
be ieu hoa.
Qua trnh bm bun cung c ieu khien t ong thong
qua lu lng ke ien t, bien tan va bo chuyen oi trung
tam PLC.
Nc trong sau lang se chay sang Be kh trung e tieu
diet cac vi sinh vat gay benh trc khi xa vao mang li
that nc. Chat kh trung thng dung la dung dch NaClO
hoac dung dch Ca(ClO)2 c a t he thong cap dung dch
kh trung vao be nh bm nh lng.
Nc thai sau x ly at mc 1 (TCVN 6772-2000).
Cac thiet b ieu khien toan bo la: Bm nc thai be
ieu hoa, bm nc thai be kh trung, bm nc thai tuan
hoan, may thoi kh, bm bun tuan hoan,thong qua bo
chuyen oi trung tam PLC, cac au o cho tn hieu va bien
tan, van ien.
He thong cap hoa chat cho be ieu hoa, be kh trung
c ieu khien t ong thong qua cac bm nh lng va bo
ieu khien chuyen dung (Bo o va ieu khien pH, bo o va
ieu khien Clo).
Cac thiet b con lai c van hanh theo che o ong,
m thong qua man hnh hien th PLC.
* S o quy trnh cong nghe x ly nc thai (ban ve 04).
Bang1-1: Cac hang muc xay dng
STT
I
1.1
II
2.1
2.2
2.3
N V
S
LNG
Mng thot nc t
D110-D400
chy
TRM X L NC THI
HT
R tch rc mng
phn phi nc
B iu ho
B phn ng ho l
ci
ci
ci
2
1
HNG MC
QUI CCH
H THNG THU GOM
LxBxH: 20,2x4,85x6,5m
LxBxH: 9,7x4,0x6,5m

Nc sach va Moi trng
15
Benh Vien Ch Ray .

Bao Cao anh
Vien Ch Ray
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
2.10
2.11
2.12
2.13
2.14
2.15
2.16
2.17
2.18
2.19
2.20
2.21
2.22
2.23
2.24
2.25
2.26
2.27
2.28
2.29
2.30
2.31
2.32
B lng 1
B ym kh 1
B thiu kh 1
B hiu kh 1
B thiu kh 2
B hiu kh 2
B lng cp 2
B kh trng
B phn hy bn hiu
kh
B nn bn
B cha bn
Ngn t my thi
kh
Nh cp ho cht
Nh kho
Nh t my p bn
Nh iu hnh
Nh giao ban
Khu vc m
Hnh lang cng tc
Gian t thit b kh
mi
H cu thang
H ng ng dn
nc thi
H ng ng dn
bn
H ng ng cp
kh
H ng ng cp
nc k thut
H ng ng ht
kh mi
H ng ng cp
ho cht
H cp in cho cng
trnh
H thng gi ng
LxBxH: 6,95x5,3x6,5m
LxBxH: 6,8x4,4x6,5m
LxBxH: 6,8x7,7x6,5m
LxBxH: 6,8x3,9x6,5m
LxBxH: 6,8x3,2x6,5m
LxBxH: 6,8x4,8x6,5m
LxBxH: 7,4x5,6x6,5m
LxBxH: 7,4x4,1x6,5m
LxBxH: 9,7x9,4x6,5m
ci
ci
ci
ci
ci
ci
ci
ci
ci
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
LxBxH: 4x4x6,5m
LxBxH: 4x3,1x6,5m
LxBxH: 6,8x3,1x6,5m
ci
ci
ci
1
1
1
75 m2
21 m2
49 m2
22 m2
14,8 m2
45,8 m2
161 m2
18,6 m2
ci
ci
ci
ci
ci
ci
m2
m2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Vt liu: SUS304, PVC
h
h
1
1
Vt liu: SUS304
Vt liu: SUS304
Vt liu: ng trng km,

PPR
Vt liu: ng PVC
Vt liu: ng PVC
Vt liu: Thp CT3
Cong nghe AAO a c Bo Y Te cung cac c quan

khac tham nh va cong nhan. en nay a c ap
dung e x ly nc thai cho 98/250 Benh vien cua Bo
Y Te.

Nc sach va Moi trng
16
Benh Vien Ch Ray .

Bao Cao anh
Vien Ch Ray
Benh vien 69 Lang Ho Ch Minh thc hien nam 1998,

quy mo 100 m3/ngay em.
Benh vien a khoa tnh Ninh Bnh thc hien nam 20002001, quy mo 800 m3/ngay em
Benh vien a khoa Hng Yen thc hien nam 2000-2001,

quy mo 400 m3/ngay em
Benh vien Hai Ba Trng Ha Noi thc hien nam 2005,

quy mo 800 m3/ngay em
Bang 1-2: anh gia cac ch tieu ky thuat gia cac

loai hnh cong nghe
Cong
nghe
Ho
sinh
hoc
SBR
Aerotan
k cao
tai
Tai
trong
BOD
(kg/m3.ng
ay)
0,085
0,016
0,24
0,5
1 ,35
1,75
3,75
50
30
25
23
16
15
17
Thi
gian x
ly nc 8,333
thai
(gi)
1,000
0,833
0,750
0,625
0,417
0,25
0
The tch 18,16

(m3)
8
6,893
4,729
2,552
1,225
0,892
0,46
1
Dien tch
210,4
(m2/1m3N
5
T)
2,25
1,54
0,83
0,40
0,29
0,15
65,839
65,839
65,83
9
56,204
40,428
31,1
4
Tuoi
bun
(ngay)
Cong
suat
ien
(KW/h)
18,31
8
Aerotan
Bioditc
k keo
h
dai
Biofilte CN
r
AAO

Nc sach va Moi trng
17
Benh Vien Ch Ray .

Bao Cao anh
Vien Ch Ray
So
Cong
nhan
Dill-O2
1,75
1,75
1,75
1,75
2,05
2,85
3,7
Ngoai ra cong nghe nay con c ap dung e x

ly nc thai cho nhieu d an. ien hnh trong o la
tram x ly nc thai Trung tam hoi ngh quoc gia
(NCC).
Bang 1-3: Tnh toan lng nc thai cua benh vien
Ch Ray
STT
I
I.1
I.2
I.3
I.4
I.5
I.6
I.7
I.8
I.9
CNG THC
GI TR
TNH
THEO QUI CHUN CA B XY DNG
TN THNG S
S ging bnh
3,400.0
Lng nc
thi theo qui
chun
Lng nc
thi
Lng nc
thi thc t (do
pht sinh v qu
ti)
Lu lng thit
k
L/ging*ngy
I3 = I2*I1/1000
3,230
m3/d
I4 = I3*1,3
4,199
m3/d
4,200.0
m3/d
Lm trn
1.0
I7 = I5/I6
4,200.0
24
I9 = I7/I8
175.0
GHI CH
ging
950.0
S h thng x
l
Cng sut cho
mt h x l
Thi gian hot
ng ca h
thng x l
Cng sut h
thng x l
N V
Theo Qui chun

h thng cp
thot nc trong
nh v cng trnh
- B xy dng.
Ph lc K. H
thng x l nc
thi - Trang 288
Ton b nc
thi ca bnh
vin c tp
trung mt trm
x l
m3/d
h
m3/h
Qui i th
nguyn
1.4.4. May moc, thiet b.

Nc sach va Moi trng
18
Benh Vien Ch Ray .

Bao Cao anh
Vien Ch Ray
Bang 1-4: Cac thiet b, may moc chnh cua tram x

ly nc thai
TT
LOI HNG HO
XUT X
V TNH
S
LNG
V TR B
BNG 1.4.1: DANH SCH THIT B CHNH
1
2
3
4
10
11
Song chn rc th
Vit nam
EU, M,
Thit b nh cn,
Nht hoc
khuy trn
tng
ng
R chn rc
Vit nam
EU, M,
Nht hoc
Palng ko rc
tng
ng
Nht, M,
Bm nc thi t
EU, hoc
iu ho sang b
tng
phn ng
ng
Nht, M,
My khuy cho b
EU, hoc
phn ng
tng
ng
EU, M,
My khuy ngn ym Nht hoc
kh cho b x l AAO tng
ng
Bm nc thi tun
Nht, M,
hon (t b lng cp
EU, hoc
2 v ngn thiu kh
tng
ca b AAO cp I)
ng
Bm nc thi t b
Nht, M,
kh trng vo mng
EU, hoc
thot nc ca bnh
tng
vin
ng
My thi kh (cp kh Nht, i
cho khi b x l
Loan, hoc
chnh AAO, b iu
tng
ho, b x l bn)
ng
Nht, Italia,
Bm bn thi cho b Ty ban
lng cp I v b phn nha, hoc
hu bn
tng
ng.
Bm bn thi cho b Nht, Italia,
lng cp II v b
Ty ban
phn hu bn v tun nha, hoc
Ci
B iu ho
Ci
B iu ho
Ci
B iu ho
Ci
B iu ho
Ci
B iu ho
Ci
B phn ng
Ci
Ngn ym kh
AAO cp 1 (02
ci cho mt n
nguyn)
Ci
B lng (02 cho

mt n nguyn)
Ci
B kh trng
Ci
Nh my kh
Ci
B lng cp I
Ci
B lng cp II

Nc sach va Moi trng
19
Benh Vien Ch Ray .

Bao Cao anh
Vien Ch Ray
hon bn
12
Bm bn thi cho b
phn hu bn sang b
nn bn
13
Bm bn nn cho b
nn bn
14
Bm bn t b nn
bn vo my p bn
15
My p bn
H thng phn phi
kh b iu ho
H thng phn phi
kh b phn ng
H thng phn phi
kh b phn hu bn
16
17
18
19
H thng phn phi

kh b AAO
20
Palng ko thit b
tng
ng.
Nht, Italia,
Ty ban
nha, hoc
tng
ng.
Nht, Italia,
Ty ban
nha, hoc
tng
ng.
Nht, Italia,
Ty ban
nha, hoc
tng
ng.
i Loan
hoc tng
ng
Ci
Ci
B phn hu
bn
Ci
01 lp trong
hnh lang thao
tc, 01 d
phng kho
Ci
Nh p bn
Vit Nam
H thng
B iu ho
Vit Nam
H thng
B phn ng
Vit Nam
H thng
B phn hu
bn
Ci
350
Ngn thiu kh,

ngn hiu kh
Ci
B iu ho
M, i
Loan, hoc
tng
ng
EU, M,
Nht hoc
tng
ng
BNG 1.4.2: DANH SCH THIT B CHO H THNG CP V PHA HO CHT
H thng pha
trn, cha, cp
cht Polyme cho
x l bn
My khuy cho
+
bn pha ho cht
+ Bn pha ho cht
Bn cha ho
+
cht
Nht, Italia,
i Loan,
hoc tng
ng
Vit Nam
Vit Nam
H thng
Ci
Ci
Ci
Nh ho cht

Nc sach va Moi trng
20
Benh Vien Ch Ray .

Bao Cao anh
Vien Ch Ray
+ Bm nh lng
My khuy cho
bn pha ho cht
+ Bn pha ho cht
Bn cha ho
+
cht
+ Bm nh lng
H thng
Ci
Ci
Vit Nam
Ci
Italia, M,
c, hoc
tng
ng
Ci
H thng
Ci
Ci
Vit Nam
Ci
Italia, M,
c, hoc
tng
ng
Ci
H thng
Ci
Ci
Vit Nam
Ci
Italia, M,
c, hoc
tng
ng
Ci
Nht, Italia,
i Loan,
hoc tng
ng
Vit Nam
H thng pha
trn, cha, cp
ho cht iu
chnh pH
My khuy cho
+
bn pha ho cht
+ Bn pha ho cht
Bn cha ho
+
cht
+ Bm nh lng
Ci
H thng pha
trn, cha, cp
ho cht cht kh
trng
Italia, M,
c, hoc
tng
ng
Nht, Italia,
i Loan,
hoc tng
ng
Vit Nam
H thng pha
trn, cha, cp
cht tr lng cho
b lng cp II
My khuy cho
+
bn pha ho cht
+ Bn pha ho cht
Bn cha ho
+
cht
+ Bm nh lng
Nht, Italia,
i Loan,
hoc tng
ng
Vit Nam
Nh ho cht
Nh ho cht
Nh ho cht

Nc sach va Moi trng
21
Benh Vien Ch Ray .

Bao Cao anh
Vien Ch Ray
H thng pha
trn, cha, cp
cht dp bt cho
b AAO, b lng
My khuy cho
+
bn pha ho cht
+ Bn pha ho cht
Bn cha ho
+
cht
+ Bm nh lng
My khuy cho
bn pha ho cht
+ Bn pha ho cht
Bn cha ho
+
cht
+ Bm nh lng
Ci
Ci
Vit Nam
Ci
Italia, M,
c, hoc
tng
ng
Ci
H thng
Ci
Ci
Vit Nam
Ci
Italia, M,
c, hoc
tng
ng
Ci
Nht, Italia,
i Loan,
hoc tng
ng
Vit Nam
H thng pha
trn, cha, cp
cht keo t (cho
b lng cp I)
H thng
Nht, Italia,
i Loan,
hoc tng
ng
Vit Nam
Nh ho cht
Nh ho cht
BNG 1.4.3: DANH SCH THIT B O - IU KHIN

Thit b o mc cho
EU, M,
B pht, b iu
b pht, b iu ho, Nht hoc
Ci
4
ho, b lng cp
b lng cp II, b kh tng
II, b kh trng
trng
ng
EU, M,
Thit b o v iu
Nht hoc
Ci
1
B iu ho
chnh pH
tng
ng
Thit b o v iu
EU, M,
chnh DO cho b
Nht hoc
Ci
8
B AAO
AAO
tng
ng
EU, M,
Thit b o v iu
Nht hoc
Ci
1
B kh trng
khin clo
tng
ng

Nc sach va Moi trng
22
Benh Vien Ch Ray .

Bao Cao anh
Vien Ch Ray
Thit b o v kim
sot lu lng nc
thi (tun hon nc
thi)
EU, M,
Nht hoc
tng
ng
Trn dng tun

hon nc thi
(01 lu lng k
cho mt n
nguyn)
Thit b o v kim
sot p sut
EU, M,
Nht hoc
tng
ng
Ci
ng cp kh
Thit b o v kim
sot lu lng bn
thi (tun hon bn
thi)
EU, M,
Nht hoc
tng
ng
Trn dng tun

hon bn thi
(dng chung cho
c hai n
nguyn)
BNG 1.4.4: DANH SCH THIT B O HIN TRNG V PHNG TH NGHIM

EU, M,
Nht hoc
1
My o DO cm tay
Ci
2
Nh iu hnh
tng
ng
EU, M,
Nht hoc
2
My o pH cm tay
Ci
2
Nh iu hnh
tng
ng
EU, M,
Nht hoc
3
My o Clo d
Ci
2
Nh iu hnh
tng
ng
EU, M,
Nht hoc
4
Cn phn tch in t
Ci
1
Nh iu hnh
tng
ng
EU, M,
Nht hoc
5
T sy
Ci
1
Nh iu hnh
tng
ng
EU, M,
Thit b lc chn
Nht hoc
6
Ci
1
Nh iu hnh
khng
tng
ng
EU, M,
Thit b phn tch
Nht hoc
7
Ci
1
Nh iu hnh
COD
tng
ng
Vit Nam,
Dng c thy tinh, v Trung
cc dng c chuyn
Quc,
8
L
1
Nh iu hnh
dng dng cho
...hoc
phng th nghim
tng
ng
Nc sach va Moi trng
23
Benh Vien Ch Ray .

Bao Cao anh
Vien Ch Ray
Ha cht th nghim
dng cho 1 thng
hot ng ca h
thng x l
Vit Nam,
Trung
Quc,
...hoc
tng
ng
Nh ho cht
BNG 1.4.5: DANH SCH THIT B IN - IU KHIN
Van iu khin cho

ng kh
Phn mm SCADA
H thng PLC
My tnh
Vt t cho t iu
khin
T iu khin
H thng cp iu
khin v mng cp
iu khin cho ton
h thng
EU, M,
Nht hoc
tng
ng
EU, M,
Nht hoc
tng
ng
EU, M,
Nht hoc
tng
ng
ng Nam
hoc
tng
ng
Nht, Hn
Quc, Vit
Nam, hoc
tng
ng
Vit Nam,
hoc tng
ng
Vit Nam,
hoc tng
ng
Vit Nam,
Cc v bo v thit b
hoc tng
hin trng
ng
EU, M,
Nht hoc
H thng bin tn
tng
ng
H thng
V tr kh vo
ca cc b
Nh iu hnh
H thng
Nh iu hnh
Ci
Nh iu hnh
H thng
Nh iu hnh
Ci
Nh iu hnh
H thng
H thng
BNG 1.4.6: DANH SCH THIT B KHC

H thng x l mi:
Bao gm c ng
Vit Nam,
ng, ph kin thu
hoc tng
H thng
1
mi, qut ht mi,
ng
thit b kh mi,
Nh iu hnh
Nh ho cht
hoc nh p bn

Nc sach va Moi trng
24
Benh Vien Ch Ray .

Bao Cao anh
Vien Ch Ray
H thng thng gi:

Bao gm c ng
ng,, qut ht,
H thng n chiu
sng
H thng cu ho
trong trm x l
H thng cp kh nn
cho van in iu
khin
H thng cp nc
sch
H thng cp in
cho h thng x l
Vit Nam,
hoc tng
ng
Vit Nam,
hoc tng
ng
Vit Nam,
hoc tng
ng
i Loan,
Vit Nam
hoc tng
ng
Vit Nam,
hoc tng
ng
Vit Nam,
hoc tng
ng
H thng
H thng
H thng
H thng
H thng
H thng
* Tat ca cac may moc eu la cac thiet b mi

100%.
1.4.5. Hoa chat s dung cho qua trnh x ly.
Bang1-5: Danh sach cac hoa chat s dung
Ten hoa
chat
Natri
Cacbonat
Cong thc
hoa hoc
Na2CO3
Axit Sunfuric
H2SO4
Natrihypoclori
t
NaClO
Polyme
(PAC+PAA)
Xuat x
Viet Nam
Viet Nam
Viet Nam
Viet Nam
So lng
(kg/ngay)
7
7
42
15,7
1.4.6. To chc nhan s cua tram x ly.

- Sau khi xay dng va i vao hoat ong Tram X Ly Nc
Thai la mot bo phan cua Benh vien Ch Ray.
- Tong so nhan vien van hanh tram: 10 ngi gom 01
tram trng va 09 nhan vien ky thuat.
- Tram se c van hanh lien tuc.
Nc sach va Moi trng
25
Benh Vien Ch Ray .

Bao Cao anh
Vien Ch Ray
Chng II
IEU KIEN T NHIEN, MOI TRNG VA KINH
TE XA HOI
2.1. IEU KIEN T NHIEN VA MOI TRNG.
2.1.1. ieu kien ve a ly, a chat.

Nc sach va Moi trng
26
Benh Vien Ch Ray .

Bao Cao anh
Vien Ch Ray
Khu at d kien xay dng tram x ly nc thai nam ngay

tai v tr a xay dng tram x ly nc thai cu (c xay
ngam). Pha tren hien la cong vien nho.
Da vao tai lieu bao cao ve cong tac khao sat a
chat cong trnh khoa ung bu (gan khu at d an) thc hien
vao thang 09-2000 cua Trung Tam T Van Thiet Ke Kien Truc
a thc hien 05 lo khoan o sau 15m cho thay cac lp tai
khu vc co nhng ac iem sau:
- Lp 1: Lp be tong tren mat cung xa ban, gach a va
cat san lap mau xam trang, thanh phan hat mn. Lp nay
phan bo t mat at cho ti o sau 1,6m (HK1-4), 1,7m (HK2-5)
va 1,8m (HK3). Vi be day at 1,6-1,8m. Lp nay khong tien
hanh lay mau e th nghiem v thc te khi xay dng se ao
bo.
- Lp 2 (CL): Lp set lan san soi Laterite mau nau o.
Trang thai deo mem. Lp nay phan bo ngay di lp 1 t
o sau 1,6m (HK1-4), 1,7m (HK2-5) va 1,8m (HK3) en 2,5m (HK2),
2,6m (HK1-4-5) va 2,8m (HK3). Vi be day at t 0,8-1,0m.
Cac ch tieu c ly ac trng cua lp nay nh sau:
+ Dung trong t nhien, (g/cm3):
+ Goc ma sat trong, (o):
+ Lc dnh, C (kg/cm2):
1,94
150
0,370
- Lp 3 (CL): Lp set pha mau nau o, xam trang, om

vang b Laterite hoa nhe (mc o phong hoa giam theo chieu
sau). Trang thai deo cng en na cng. Lp nay phan bo
ngay di lp 2 t o sau 2,5m (HK2), 2,6m (HK1-4-5) va 2,8m
(HK3) cho en 9,6m (HK2), 9,8m (HK1), 10,5m (HK3) va 11,2m (HK45) vi be day at t 7,2-8,6m.
1,93
160
0,184
- Lp 4 (SC): Lp cat pha mau vang, xam trang, hong,

om nau o. Thanh phan hat mn. Trang thai deo. Lp nay
phan bo ngay di lp 3, t o sau 9,6m (HK2), 9,8m (HK1),
10,5m (HK3) va 11,2m (HK5) cho ti het chieu sau ho khoan
van cha qua het lp nay.
Nc sach va Moi trng
27
Benh Vien Ch Ray .

Bao Cao anh
Vien Ch Ray

1,92
200
0,112
Nhn chung khu vc nghien cu nam khu vc phat trien

tram tch phu sa co, cac lp at ben di a trai qua qua
trnh nen chat t nhien nen co cng o chu lc tng oi
tot. Khu vc nay co be day cac lp kha on nh, ong nhat
ve thanh phan va tnh chat, do vy khi tin hnh xy dng tuy theo
loai va tai trong cua cong trnh e chon nn mong va gia c cho
ph hp.
2.1.2. ieu kien ve kh tng - thuy van.
* Nhiet o khong kh
Nam tren a ban TP.Ho Ch Minh, ieu kien kh tng
thuy van cua khu vc Q5 mang cac ac tnh ac trng cua
TP.HCM: Kh hau on hoa, can nhiet i, gio mua cua vung
ong bang. Hang nam co hai mua ro ret la mua kho va
mua ma. S chenh lech nhiet o trung bnh gia hai mua tai
khu vc la khong ln (khoang 30C). Tuy nhien dao ong nhiet
gia ban ngay va ban em la kha ln.
So lieu o tai tram TP. Ho Ch Minh (tram Tan Sn Nhat)
trong nhng nam gan ay cho thay khong co s khac biet
nhieu ve nhiet o. Nhiet o khong kh trung bnh ngay trong
nam noi thanh Tp. HCM cao hn cac ni khac tren a ban
khu vc phia Nam la 1,0-1,50C. Di ay la dien bien cac
mc nhiet o o tai tram Tan Sn Nhat quy I nam 2007:
- Nhiet o trung bnh nam: 27,30C.
- Nhiet o cc ai o c: 32,80C.
- Nhiet o cc tieu o c: 24,00C.
(Nguon: Vien Kh Tng Thuy Van, Quy I-2007).
* o am khong kh.
Do s chi phoi cua kh hau nhiet i gio mua nen hien
tng phan mua a tao ra can can am kha sau sac. Trong
nam 2004 o am trung bnh vao cac thang mua ma o c
tai tram Tan Sn Nhat dao ong trong khoang 68-81%. o am
khong kh cung bien oi ro ret vao mua ma va mua kho,
cu the la thng cao vao mua ma cac thang 6, 7, 8, 9
Nc sach va Moi trng
28
Benh Vien Ch Ray .

Bao Cao anh
Vien Ch Ray
(trung bnh 80%) va thap vao cac thang mua kho, thap nhat
la thang 1 (68%).
* Lng nc boc hi.
Lng boc hi hang nam tai khu vc Tp. HCM la tng oi
ln. Cac thang mua kho co lng boc hi ln nhat trong
nam. So lieu o tai tram Tan Sn Nhat trong nhng nam gan
ay nh sau:
- Lng nc boc hi trung bnh cao nhat ghi nhan c la:
111 mm/nam (nam 2002).
- Lng nc boc hi trung bnh thap nhat ghi nhan c
la: 98 mm/nam (nam 2001).
- Cac thang co lng nc boc hi cao thng ghi nhan
c vao mua kho (khoang 5-6mm/ngay vao thang 3 va
thang 4).
- So vi lng ma, lng boc hi chiem 60% tong lng
ma.
* Lng ma.
Ma Tp. HCM mang tnh ma rao nhiet i, ma en nhanh
va ket thuc cung nhanh, thng mot cn ma khong keo dai
nhng cng o ma lai kha ln va don dap, co nhng cn
ma ln gay ngap ng pho, nhng ni thap trung co the
b ngap sau khoang t 20-80cm. Lng nc ma chu yeu
tap trung vao 6 thang mua ma (thang 6,7,8,9,10,11), chiem t
65- 95% lng ma ri ca nam. Lng ma trung bnh trong nam
2006 khoang 1.671 mm, ba thang co ma ri cao nhat la thang
VI, VII, VIII khoang 657mm. Cac thang con lai (thang 12, 1, 2, 3,
4, 5) hau nh khong co ma hoac neu co th lng ma nho
khong ang ke.
* Bc xa mat tri.
Khu vc TP. Ho Ch Minh nam v o thap, v tr mat tri
luon cao va t thay oi qua cac thang trong nam, do vay che
o bc xa rat phong phu va on nh.
- Tong lng bc xa trong nam khoang 145-152 kcal/cm 2.
- Lng bc xa cao nhat ghi nhan c vao thang 3 (15,69
kcal/cm2).
- Lng bc xa thap nhat ghi nhan c vao cac thang
mua ma (11,37 kcal/cm2).

Nc sach va Moi trng
29
Benh Vien Ch Ray .

Bao Cao anh
Vien Ch Ray
- Lng bc xa bnh quan ngay khoang 417 kcal/cm 2.

- So gi nang trong nam la 2.488 gi, so gi nang cao
nhat thng co trong cac thang 1-3 (bnh quan 8h/ngay, cao
nhat 12,4h/ngay), thap nhat vao cac thang 7-10 (bnh quan
5,5h/ngay).
(Nguon: Vien Kh Tng Thuy Van nam 2006 va quy 1 nam 2007).
* Che o gio.
- Van toc gio tnh trung bnh tai TP. Ho Ch Minh vao khoang
2,2-2,3 m/s.
- Trong vung khong co hng gio nao la chnh trong nam,
hng ong xuat hien vao cac thang 1 en thang2, hng
gio ong Nam va ong xuat hien vao thang 3 en thang 5,
hng gio Tay xuat hien vao thang 6 en thang 10, hng
gio Bac xuat hien vao thang 11 en thang 12. Toc o gio
chenh lech t 2,6-3,6 m/s (gio Tay), t 2,4-2,8 m/s (gio ong)
(Nguon: Vien Kh Tng Thuy Van nam 2006 va quy 1 nam
2007).
* ac iem ve che o thuy van cua khu vc thc hien

d an.
- a ban thanh pho Ho Ch Minh noi chung va quan 5 noi
rieng co mang li song ngoi, kenh rach tng oi day ac,
lien quan mat thiet vi nhau.
- Ln nhat va quan trong nhat la song Sai Gon. Con song
nay co vai tro quan trong bao quanh mat ong Nam cua Thanh
Pho. ay la ni tiep nhan cua hau het cac nguon nc
trong toan thanh pho va t cac tnh lan can chay vao e
dan ra bien ong.
- Song Sai Gon b chi phoi bi cac dong chay:
+ Nc thai cua tat ca cac nha may, x nghiep va nc
thai sinh hoat cua nhan dan song trong toan thanh pho.
+ La ni tiep nhan trc tiep nc t song ong Nai.
+ Chu anh hng cua che o thuy trieu t bien ong.
- Ve mua ma, ngoai cac dong chay tren, song Sai Gon
con tiep nhan them nc ma chay tran t lu vc cua he
thong cac kenh rach tren toan a ban thanh pho cung nh
cac tnh khac o ve.
Nc sach va Moi trng
30
Benh Vien Ch Ray .

Bao Cao anh
Vien Ch Ray
- Ngoai ra tren a ban thanh pho con co nhng tuyen

kenh rach khac nh: he thong kenh Tau Hu, kenh Nhieu LocTh Nghe, he thong kenh Tham Lng
- Khu vc trien khai d an cach kenh Tau Hu khoang
1,3km.
2.1.3. Hien trang cac thanh phan moi trng t
nhien.
2.1.3.1. Hien trang moi trng khong kh.
* Moi trng khong kh thanh pho Ho Ch Minh.
Do chu tac ong bi cac hoat ong san xuat, giao thong
van taimoi trng khong kh cua thanh pho noi chung ang
co dau hieu b o nhiem.
Bang 2.1 Mot so ket qua quan trac chat lng

khong kh thang 7/ 2007.
Ngy
AQI
25/7
26/7
27/7
28/7
29/7
30/7
31/7
Ven
ng
165
170
135
179
199
128
186
Dn
c
127
111
121
58
102
102
112
Ch thch
0-50 cht lng tt, 51-100: trung bnh, 101-200: km, 201-300: xu,
301-500: nguy hi
(Nguon: Chi Cuc Bao Ve Moi Trng Tp HCM-thang 8 nam 2007)

* Ghi chu: AQI (Air Quality Index): l ch s i din cho nng ca mt nhm cc
cht gy nhim gm CO, NO2, SO2, O3 v bi, c s dng dnh gi tnh trng cht
lng khng kh khu vc ven ng hoc khu dn c trong thnh ph.
AQI c tnh ton da trn kt qu o c lin tc nng cc cht nhim bi h thng
quan trc t ng cht lng khng kh ca thnh ph.
e phuc vu cho cong tac anh gia hien trang moi trng
khong kh tai khu vc d an, Phong th nghiem TT T Van
Chuyen Giao Cong Nghe Nc Sach va Moi Trng thanh pho
Ho Ch Minh (CTC2) a tien hanh lay 02 mau ve phan tch cho
thay hau het tai cac v tr o ac co cac ch tieu phan tch
eu thap, ieu nay chng to chat lng moi trng khong
kh trong toan benh vien noi chung va tai khu vc thc hien d
an la tng oi sach va cha co dau hieu o nhiem.
Cac thong so o ac moi trng khong kh bao gom:
Tieng on, bui l lng, NO2, SO2, CO, H2S tai khu vc xay dng D
an trong ieu kien tri nang nang gio nhe. Da vao ac

Nc sach va Moi trng
31
Benh Vien Ch Ray .

Bao Cao anh
Vien Ch Ray
iem, a hnh, hng gio chnh trong ngay khao sat va a

chon cac iem lay mau nh sau:
- iem KK1: Gia khu at d kien xay dng he thong x
ly nc thai.
Thi iem lay mau: luc 10 gi 15 phut.
- iem KK2: Bai au xe (cach khu at d kien xay dng
khoang 50m)..
Thi iem lay mau: luc 10gi 55 phut.
Ket qua khao sat c trnh bay bang 2-1.
Bang 2-2: Ket qua phan tch chat lng khong kh
moi trng nen tai khu vc xay dng d an.
Ch tieu
KK1
KK2
TCVN 53972005
On (dBA)
63,1
65,8
75
(TCVN
59491998)
Bui l
lng(mg/m3)
0,079
0,086
0,3
CO (mg/m3)
2,04
2,17
30
NO2(mg/m3)
0,064
0,077
0,2
SO2(mg/m3)
0,056
0,083
0,35
H2S(mg/m3)
KPH
KPH
0,042
Ghi chu: KPH: Khong phat hien.

(Nguon: CTC 2, ngay 06 thang 08 nam 2007)
Ket qua khao sat va phan tch cho thay:
Cac ch tieu phan tch eu thap hn gii han cho phep.
ieu nay cho thay chat lng khong kh tai khu vc thc hien
d an cung nh khu vc lan can la kha sach.
* S o v tr cac iem lay mau khong kh (ban ve 05).
2.1.3.2 Hien trang moi trng nc.
a. Hien trang he thong cap nc trong benh vien.
Hien nay nguon nc cung cap chu yeu cho benh vien
c lay t nguon nc cap cua thanh pho. Lng nc s
Nc sach va Moi trng
32
Benh Vien Ch Ray .

Bao Cao anh
Vien Ch Ray
dung vao khoang 4.200 m3/ngay em chu yeu dung vao muc
ch nghien cu, kham cha benh va sinh hoat.
Ve chat lng nc ngam tai benh vien, Trung Tam T Van
Thiet Ke Kien Truc a tien hanh khoan tham do va lay
mau ve phan tch cho ket qua nh trong bang 2.2:
Bang 2-3. Ket qua phan tch mau nc ngam tai
khoa ung bu
Ten mau
pH
o
cng
theo
CaCO3
(mg/l)
Nc ngam tai
khoa ung bu
5,9
30,6
Cl(mg/l
)
Ton
g
sat
(mg/l
)
Sulfat
(mg/l)
NH4+
(mg/l)
17,3
0,30
0,20
0,55
(Nguon: Trung Tam T Van Thiet Ke Kien Truc, thang 82000)

Ket qua phan tch cho thay chat lng nc ngam tai khu
vc nay la kha tot. Tuy nhien benh vien khong s dung
nc ngam e phuc vu cho nhu cau cua benh vien.
b. Hien trang he thong thu gom, x ly nc thai
cua benh vien.
- Hien nay benh vien Ch Ray cha co he thong thu gom
nc thai rieng biet vi ng thoat nc ma (ieu nay
khong hp ly v lam tang chi ph van hanh, ngoai ra khi tri
ma to he thong se xa tran, nc thai se chay thang ra
cong thoat cua thanh pho gay o nhiem moi trng xung
quanh). Nc thai va nc ma c dan ti be thu tap trung
roi qua tram x ly cu cua benh vien. He thong x ly nc
thai cu nay c xay dng t kha lau (trc nam 1975) va
a xuong cap nghiem trong.
- Nc thai au tien c thu gom t cac ho ga cua cac
phong chc nang, cac khoa, cac khu kham benhc dan
ve be cha. T be cha nc thai c a qua ba ngan
lang, sau o a qua ngan kh trung, tai ngan nay co cap
chat kh trung la NaClO. Nc thai sau khi qua ngan kh
trung c xa trc tiep ra mang cong thanh pho, bun thai
cua he thong c nh ky hut em i x ly.
- e anh gia hien trang nc thai, Trung Tam CTC a
tien hanh lay va phan tch 02 mau nc thai trc, sau x
ly. Ket qua nh trong bang:
Bang 2-4: Nc thai trc va sau x ly.
n v
Ten mau

Nc sach va Moi trng
33
Benh Vien Ch Ray .

Bao Cao anh
Vien Ch Ray
Ch tieu phan
tch
Nc thai
trc x
ly
Nc thai
sau x ly
Gia tr gii
han
(TCVN 67722000, mc 1)
pH
Chat ran l
lng
BOD5
COD
Sunfua
NO3Phot phat
Coliform
7,0
7,2
5-9
297
126
372
514
6,86
32,1
16,2
271
325
6,43
29,5
13,6
120*103
6*103
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
MPN/100
ml
50
30
1
30
6
1000
(Nguon: CTC 2, ngay 06 thang 08 nam 2007).

Qua ket qua phan tch mau nc thai sau x ly cua
Benh vien Ch Ray cho thay ngoai tr ch tieu pH, NO3-,
cac ch tieu phan tch con lai eu vt qua tieu chuan
thai (TCVN 6772-2000, mc 1). ieu nay chng to he
thong x ly nc thai cu cua Benh vien a xuong
cap va khong con kha nang x ly.
Do vay s can thiet e co mot he thong thu gom
x ly nc thai mi at tieu chuan trc khi xa ra
moi trng tiep nhan ben ngoai cua Benh vien la
mot ieu rat can thiet.
-
c. Hien trang he thong cong thoat nc thai khu

vc xung quanh benh vien.
- He thong thoat nc thai tai khu vc quan 5 noi rieng
va he thong cong thoat nc cua thanh pho noi chung c
xay dng t kha lau.
- Nc thai sinh hoat t cac ho dan va cac c s dch vu
se c thu gom roi xa ra he thong song, kenh rach cua
thanh pho. Hien tai nc thai khu vc quan 5 cha co tram
x ly tap trung.
- Theo so lieu cua Cong ty Thoat Nc o Th thanh pho,
nc thai cua Benh vien Ch Ray sau khi chay ra he thong
cong chung se c dan ra cac hong xa chay vao kenh Tau
Hu trc khi o ra song Sai Gon.
d. Hien trang chat lng nc ngam Tp Ho Ch Minh.
Do nhu cau khai thac, s dung nc ngam tren a ban
thanh pho rat ln va cha c quan ly mot cach chat che
nen mc nc ngam ngay cang suy giam, tai mot so khu vc
nc ngam a co dau hieu o nhiem (sat, mangan, amoni).

Nc sach va Moi trng
34
Benh Vien Ch Ray .

Bao Cao anh
Vien Ch Ray
e. Hien trang chat lng nc mat Tp Ho Ch Minh .

- Do phai tiep nhan trc tiep nc thai sinh hoat cha c
x ly cung nh nc thai cua cac c s san xuat nen he
thong kenh rach tren a ban thanh pho cang ngay cang co
dau hieu o nhiem nghiem trong.
Bang 2-5: Cac so lieu quan trac nc mat tren
tuyen kenh Tau Hu-Kenh oi-Kenh Te-Ben Nghe cua
thanh pho.
Stt
Ten mau
(V tr lay
mau)
Ket qua phan tch
Ch tieu phan
tch
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Giao R,Nc
len-R.Ch
em
Cau Ba
Tang
Cau so 1
Cau Hiep
An
Ca xa
Nguyen Tri
Phng
Cau Ch Y
Cau Ong
Lanh
Ton an
Cau tan
Thuan
Nhie
t o
(0C)
pH
SS
(mg/l)
COD
(mg/l)
BOD5
(mg/l)
NH4+
(mg/l)
Coliform
(MPN/100m
l)
31
7,05
54
75
20
33,5
19*104
31,5
7,45
75
100
14
16,9
31
7,1
100
89
31
26,5
30,5
7,16
182
75
20
15,1
64*104
36*104
>14*104
11*105
30
6,96
72
575
130
34,2
31
7,08
75
210
50
45,5
30,5
7,28
110
102
74
35,2
31
7,24
157
82
16
11,1
30
7,19
445
52
34
8,3
15*105
>16*104
64*104
26*105
(Nguon: Cong ty thoat nc o th (07-2007).

Bang 2-6. Chat lng nc mat tai mot so tram quan
trac tren song Sai Gon-ong Nai.
Ten tram
Phu
Nhn
TCVN
5942mc
A
TCVN
5942mc
B
7,03
7,23
6-8,5
5,5-9
4,10
4,1
2,9
4,24
4,76
4,1
5,03
4,92
1,5
6
<10
<4
2
<35
<25
0,032
0,024
0,042
0,026
Khon
g
0,3
3.757.5
00
29.00
0
13.150
13.650
5000
10.000
Phu
Cn
g
Hoa
An
Phu
An
pH
5,74
7,20
DO (mg/l)
COD (mg/l)
BOD5 (mg/l)
Dau
khoang
(mg/l)
Coliform
(MPN/100ml)
2,55
4,31
3,0
Thong so
Nha
Be
Tam
Thon
Hiep
6,67
6,80
5,75
4,15
1,5
1,48
6,36
4,8
0,045
0,055
14.150
16.650

Nc sach va Moi trng
35
Benh Vien Ch Ray .

Bao Cao anh
Vien Ch Ray
(Nguon: Chi Cuc Bao Ve Moi Trng Tp HCM (thang 07 nam

2007).
- Cung trong thi gian nay Trung Tam CTC a tien hanh
khao sat va lay 01 mau nc tren kenh Tau Hu(oan cach
benh vien khoang 1,3km) ve phan tch cho ket qua nh sau:
Bang 2-7:Ket qua phan tch mau nc mat tai kenh Tau
Hu (oan cach benh vien khoang 1,3km).
V tr lay mau
pH
SS
(mg/l)
COD
(mg/l)
BOD5
(mg/l)
N-NO3(mg/l)
N-NO2(mg/l)
Tai khu vc tiep

nhan nc thai
cua d an
6,7
125,2
103
79
1,25
0,09
20
<10
<4
10
0,01
80
<35
<25
15
0,05
(TCVN 59421995)
Cot
A
Cot
B
68,5
5,59

Qua ket qua phan tch cho thay chat lng nc mat tai
kenh Tau Hu ang b o nhiem nghiem trong, cac ch tieu SS,
COD, BOD5, N-NO2- eu vt tieu chuan cho phep ca cot A va
cot B (TCVN 5942-1995).
2.1.3.3. Hien trang chat lng at.
e anh gia chat lng at tai khu vc d an, chi nhanh
Phong th nghiem CTC2 a tien hanh lay 01 mau at tren
tang mat tai khu vc d an ve phan tch cac ch tieu kim loai
nang:
Bang 2-8:Ket qua phan tch mau at tai khu vc thc hien
d an.
V tr lay mau
As
(mg/kg
at
kho)
Cd
(mg/kg
at
kho)
Cu
(mg/kg
at
kho)
Pb
(mg/kg
at
kho)
Zn
(mg/kg
at
kho)
Gia khu at d
an
KPH
KPH
0,17
0,79
1,28
Ghi chu: KPH: Khong phat hien.

Qua ket qua phan tch cho thay ham lng cac ch tieu
kim loai nang trong at la rat thap va khong co dau hieu b
o nhiem.

Nc sach va Moi trng
36
Benh Vien Ch Ray .

Bao Cao anh
Vien Ch Ray
* Nhan xet: Ve ieu kien t nhien va moi trng

- Cac thanh phan t nhien, moi trng tai khu vc
trien khai d an kha on nh va khong qua nhay cam.
- Khu vc nay cung a co c s ha tang hoan
chnh (ng giao thong, he thong cap thoat nc...).
ay cung la iem thuan li cho viec trien khai d an.
2.2. IEU KIEN KINH TE XA HOI.

2.2.1. ieu kien ve kinh te.
- Quan 5 la mot quan thuc khu vc trung tam cua thanh pho
Ho Ch Minh. Lch s hnh thnh v pht trin ca vng t Qun 5 gn lin vi s hnh
thnh, pht trin ca khu vc Ch Ln v lch s hn 300 nm Si Gn - thnh ph H Ch
Minh, V mt kinh t, xa v nay th ay la quan co toc o phat trien
kinh te kha cao. Qun vn c xem l mt trung tm thng mi dch v quan trng
ca thnh ph. ac biet hoat ong kinh te khu vc nay rat nhon
nhp vi cac ch au moi, cac trung tam thng mai ln (Ch

Ln, ch Bnh Tay, ch An ong... hng ha cc loi t cac ch nay
c bn bun, bn l ta i khp cc vng t nc v cc nc ln cn). Ngoai ra
con co rat nhieu cac nha hang, khach san, c s dch vu.
- Khu vc nay co he thong ng giao thong hoan chnh
bao gom:
+ Giao thong ng bo kha thuan tien cho viec van
chuyen hang hoa vao trung tam thanh pho cung nh i cac
tnh mien tay. Hin nay, qun ang tin hnh n b gii ta thc hin cc d n
xy dng i l ng - Ty, cu v ng Nguyn Vn C ca thnh ph.
+ Giao thong ng thuy: H thng giao thng ng thy ch yu qua rch

Bn Ngh (knh Tu H), c chiu di cng vi chiu di ca qun l khong 4 Km.
- Phng 12 l ni tap trung nhiu c quan qun l Nh nc, 06 bnh vin, 07
trng hc nn vic trin khai t chc thc hin cc hot ng trn lnh vc kinh t - vn ha x
hi - an ninh quc phng c nhiu thun li v t kt qu cao.
- Dien tch phng 0,378 km2, dan so 6.814 ngi.

2.2.2. ieu kien xa hoi.
- La quan co mat o dan c cao. ac biet ay la khu
vc co rat ong ngi goc Hoa sinh song. Vi hoat ong kinh
te luon nhon nhp, quan 5 noi rieng va thanh pho Ho Ch
Minh noi chung ang ngay cang thu hut c nhieu nha au t
trong va ngoai nc.

Nc sach va Moi trng
37
Benh Vien Ch Ray .

Bao Cao anh
Vien Ch Ray
- Hien nay cung vi s tien bo cua vn ha x hi, i sng cua

ngi dn trong quan cung nh cac khu vc lan can eu c ci
thin ve mi mt, cc chng trnh chm sc sc khe ban u cho nhn dn c m rng.
* Vi nhng ac thu ve ieu kien kinh te, xa hoi,
khu vc quan 5 noi chung va khu vc trien khai d an
noi rieng oi hoi nhng yeu cau nghiem ngat ve
moi trng. Do o viec x ly nc thai cua Benh
vien Ch Ray la nhiem vu cap bach.
Chng III
ANH GIA TAC ONG CUA D AN EN
MOI TRNG.
3.1. NGUON GAY TAC ONG.
3.1.1. Cac nguon gay tac ong
3.1.1.1. Tac ong do qua trnh lap at he thong thu
gom va xay dng tram x ly.
+ Cac tac ong chu yeu gay ra bi:
- Hoat ong ao at, d bo tram x ly nc thai cu
(sau khi a hoan thanh tram x ly nc thai mi)
- Hoat ong cua cac may moc nh may xuc, may tron
be tong, may ong coc, may khoan, cat...
- Qua trnh chuyen ch nguyen, vat lieu xay dng.
- Hoat ong sinh hoat cua cong nhan xay dng.
+ Nhng tac ong tat yeu t cac cong oan xay dng
se sinh ra oi vi moi trng xung quanh nh sau:
* Tieng on-o rung.
- Trong qua trnh thi cong xay dng, viec van chuyen thiet
b, vat lieu... cung nh cac hoat ong khac eu phat ra tieng
on. Ngoai ra viec van hanh cac loai thiet b nh may xuc,
may ong coc, may tron be tong, may khoan, may cat, may
ca,... se gay ra tieng on.

Nc sach va Moi trng
38
Benh Vien Ch Ray .

Bao Cao anh
Vien Ch Ray
* Kh thai.
- Bui sinh ra do hoat ong cua cac phng tien van chuyen
vat lieu xay dng, hoat ong cua cac may moc va cac
cong oan ao mng at ng thoat nc thai, ao ham
xay tram x ly..
- Kh thai phat sinh t cac phng tien van tai va hoat
ong cua cac may moc xay dng. Kh thai nay co cha cac
tac nhan nh: NOx, SOx, CO...
- Mui hoi cua nc thai, phat sinh do qua trnh lap at,
au noi he thong thoat nc.
* Nc thai.
- Chu yeu sinh ra do qua trnh hoa tron vat lieu xay dng
khi thi cong va qua trnh ve sinh mat bang xay dng, nc
thai nay co ham lng chat vo c tng oi cao, khi i vao
he thong cong thoat nc chung co the gay tac nghen, lam
can tr dong chay .
- Ngoai ra con co mot lng nho nc thai sinh hoat phat
sinh cua cac cong nhan xay dng.
* Chat thai ran.
- Mot lng ln chat thai ran phat sinh trong qua trnh thi
cong xay dng: vo bao b, phe thai cng, xa ban va rac
thai t cac hoat ong hang ngay cua cong nhan.
- Khoi lng at ao theo c tnh vao khoang 11.860 m 3,
mot phan trong o se c lap tr lai sau khi lap at xong
he thong ong dan. Lng at chuyen i vao khoang 9000 m 3.
3.1.1.2. Cac tac ong khi tram x ly i vao hoat
ong.
+ Cac tac ong gay ra bi:
- Ban chat qua trnh x ly nc thai.
- Hoat ong cua cac thiet b tram x ly: may nen kh,
may ep bun, cac bm, quat thong gio.
- Qua trnh chuyen ch bun thai, hoa chat x ly
- Hoat ong sinh hoat cua nhan vien van hanh tram.
+ Nhng nhan to moi trng b anh hng:
* Tieng on-o rung.
Nc sach va Moi trng
39
Benh Vien Ch Ray .

Bao Cao anh
Vien Ch Ray
- Hoat ong cua cac thiet b trong tram x ly va cac

tram bm nang se phat sinh tieng on. Vi may thoi kh: 80-85
dB, may ep bun: 78-83 dB.
- Ban than qua trnh van hanh cua may moc cung gay
rung ong mc o nhat nh. Tuy vay anh hng nay
khong ln va co the giam thieu bang nhng c cau be,
mong phu hp.
* Kh thai.
- Mui hoi: nc thai trong qua trnh thu gom cung nh
trong cac giai oan x ly phat sinh mui rat ln (ac biet
trong cac cong oan s dung quy trnh suc kh). Mui nay khong
nhng rat kho chu ma con cha cac thanh phan gay hai
nh: H2S, Sunfua..
- Bui: Bui co the sinh ra do hoat ong cua cac phng tien
van chuyen hoa chat x ly, bun thai. c tnh moi tuan se
co mot xe ch hoa chat (xe 1T), va mot xe chuyen ch bun
thai (xe 2T).
Viec lu tr, pha che hoa chat x ly cung co the gay
bui, mui.
* Nc thai.
- Ban chat qua trnh thu gom va x ly khong lam phat
sinh them nc thai. Tuy nhien neu xay ra s co tran hay ro
r nc thai th nhng anh hng ti moi trng la rat nguy
hiem (Nc thai benh vien khong x ly ben canh cac ac
tnh o nhiem thong thng con cha rat nhieu vi trung gay
benh neu chay thang vao he thong cong chung hay tham
thau xuong at eu co the gay ra nhng anh hng
nghiem trong ti moi trng va sc khoe cong ong).
- Ngoai ra con co mot lng nho nc thai sinh ra khi tien
hanh ve sinh nh ky cac thiet b hay cac be trong tram. Toan
bo lng nc thai nay c thu gom va a ve Be ieu hoa.
* Chat thai ran.
- Chat thai ran phat sinh gom: vo bao b ng cac hoa
chat x ly, rac sinh hoat cua cong nhan van hanh tram.
Lng chat thai ran nay c tnh vao khoang: 20 kg/thang.
* Chat thai nguy hai.

Nc sach va Moi trng
40
Benh Vien Ch Ray .

Bao Cao anh
Vien Ch Ray
- Chat thai nguy hai chu yeu la bun sinh ra sau qua trnh
x ly. Bun nay co cha nhieu thanh phan nguy hai (kim loai
nang ). Lng bun sinh ra vao khoang 386,4 kg/ngay.
Tnh toan lng bun thai
THNG S U VO
St
t
Kt
qu
n v
Q
SS
4,200
300
m3/day
mg/l
tH
30
15
BOD5
COD
350
450
Tn thng s
K hiu
10
11
12
Cng sut ca b
Hm lng cn l lng
Nhit nc thi ma
h
Nhit nc thi ma
ng
Hm lng BOD u vo
Hm lng COD u vo
Hm lng cn hu c
trong SS
tro ca cn
H s ng hc
Tc phn hu bn
13
Nng bn hot tnh
14
Lng bn hot tnh u

vo
X0
15
Nng cn b lng 2
Xth
16
17
T trng ca cn
Thng s u ra
1
3
5
6
7
8
9
z
Y
Kd
19
20
21
22
0.2
0.46
0.06
8,000
10,000
1.20
50
30
BODe
SSe
Quan h BOD5 &

BOD20(BOD5/BOD20)
BOD20 trong t bo 1,42
nng t bo cht
Ch thu lc ca b l
khuy trn hon ton
Thi gian lu ca bn
hot tnh
BOD5:N:P
Quy i
th
nguyn
175 m3/h
mg/l
0.65
BOD20
18
Cng thc
BOD20 =
SS*0.65
BOD5 =
BOD20*0.68
19.5
g/g
day-1
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
0.68
1.42
10
day
100:5:1
KT QU TNH TON THIT K

St
t
1
Tn thng s
Xc nh x l tnh
theo BOD5
K hiu
E=(BOD5voBOD5ra)/BOD5
vo
BOD5ra =
Cng thc
Kt qu
n v
Quy i th
nguyn
91.4%
30.00

Nc sach va Moi trng
41
Benh Vien Ch Ray .

Bao Cao anh
Vien Ch Ray
BOD5ht +
BOD5 trong SS
SShc
Lng cn hu c tnh
theo COD
COD
Lng BOD5 c trong

cn ra khi b lng
BOD5
Gbn hc l lng sinh ra

kh 97,2%
a.Tc tng trng ca
bn
b.Lng bn sinh ra
trong 1 giy
SShc = SS*0.65
COD =
SShc*1.42*(1Z)
BOD5 =
BOD20*0.6
19.50
22.15
9968.40
G bn
yb
G bn
Yb = Y/
(1+Kd*c)
Gbn =
Yb*Q*(S0-S)
0.288
386400
g/ngy
386.4
Kg/n
gy
- Mot dang bun thai khac se sinh ra khi tien hanh nao vet
nh ky cac ho ga thoat nc thai. Lng bun nay cung can
co cac bien phap thu gom x ly phu hp.
- Ngoai ra mot lng nho chat thai nguy hai khac la dau
nht (hay cac gie lau dau nht) sinh ra trong qua trnh van
hanh thiet b tram x ly. Lng chat thai nay vao khoang:
2,5 kg/thang.
-
Cac can ng axit sulfuric (H2SO4) (dung e trung hoa

nc thai khi can thiet) hay can ng chat kh trung
(NaClO) cung co the xep vao loai chat thai nguy hai .
Tuy vay tat ca cac can nay se c oi, tra cho nha
cung cap.
3.1.2. D bao nhng rui ro ve s co moi trng do

d an gay ra.
- Vi quy mo x ly mc 4.200(m 3/ngay em), dien tch
xay dng khong ln va nam hoan toan trong khuon vien
Benh vien. Kha nang xay ra cac s co ve moi trng trong
qua trnh xay dng va ca khi tram x ly i vao hoat ong la
rat nho.
- Tuy nhien Benh vien cung can phai lu y va lng
trc nhng s co co the xay ra nh sau:
+ He thong cong thu gom nc thai b tac nghen hay
b v gay tran nc thai cha x ly ra ngoai. Cac vach be
tong tram di long at b ro r hay tham.

Nc sach va Moi trng
42
Benh Vien Ch Ray .

Bao Cao anh
Vien Ch Ray
+ Xay ra cac s co ve chay no do chap ien, set

anh : se dan en h hong cac he thong may moc, thiet
b, gay chay no.
3.2. OI TNG, QUY MO B TAC ONG.
Qua trnh xay dng va trien khai d an se tac ong ti
nhng oi tng sau:
3.2.1. Cac thanh phan t nhien.
* Moi trng khong kh:
- Qua trnh ao ap, van chuyen at a khi thi cong He
thong thu gom va Tram x ly se lam phat sinh bui, kh thai,
mui gay o nhiem moi trng khong kh .
- Hoat ong cua cac phng tien thi cong, xe van tai hay
may moc thiet b tram se lam phat sinh tieng on, rung.
* Moi trng tiep nhan nc thai:
- He thong thoat nc chung cua thanh pho se phai
tiep nhan nc thai cua Benh vien. Neu qua trnh x ly
khong tot th ay se la nguon gay o nhiem nghiem trong.
- Trong qua trnh thi cong khi tri ma at cat co kha nang
b loi quan gay tac nghen cong thoat nc thai.
* Moi trng at, nc ngam:
- Trong qua trnh thi cong cung nh khi he thong i vao van
hanh neu xay ra tnh trang tran hay ro r nc thai th lng
nc thai nay co nguy c ngam qua cac tang at lam o
nhiem at va nguon nc ngam.
* My quan phong canh:
- Qua trnh ao ng, ao at lam mat my quan benh
vien.
- Qua trnh van chuyen vat lieu xay dng, bun thai cua
cac phng tien c gii se gay ra bui ban lam anh hng ti
canh quan ben trong va khu vc lan can benh vien.
3.2.2. Yeu to con ngi.
- Tap the Y-Bac sy, cac benh nhan trong benh vien va
ngi dan khu vc xung quanh se chu nhng tac ong trc
tiep do qua trnh thi cong gay ra: Bui, mui, khoi thai, tieng
on...

Nc sach va Moi trng
43
Benh Vien Ch Ray .

Bao Cao anh
Vien Ch Ray
3.3. ANH GIA CAC TAC ONG.

3.3.1. Cac tac ong ve kinh te, xa hoi cua d an
Khi d an i vao hoat ong se em lai nhng li ch thiet
thc cho Benh vien va khu vc xung quanh:
- Gop phan lam moi trng benh vien them sach, xanh,
khong kh trong lanh.
- Nc thai sau x ly at tieu chuan thai khong con gay
o nhiem va khong mang cac mam benh.
- Tao ieu kien e can bo, benh nhan benh vien cung
nh ngi dan khu vc lan can c lam viec, song trong
moi trng trong lanh, tinh than thoai mai.
3.3.2. Cac tac ong trong qua trnh xay dng.
Qua trnh lap at he thong thu gom va xay dng Tram x
ly se gay phat sinh: bui, tieng on, kh thai, nc thai, chat
thai ran.
Do d an trien khai trong khuon vien benh vien nen cac
yeu to tren co the gay ra nhng anh hng trc tiep en
cong tac kham, cha benh. ac biet bui, kh thai, tieng on
se co tac ong tieu cc ti qua trnh phuc hoi sc khoe
benh nhan.
Tuy nhien quy mo xay dng khong nhieu ,trong qua tnh thi
cong khong s dung cac phng tien thi cong c ln : Vi
viec xay dng he thong thoat nc ch s dung cuoc, seng
va qua trnh ao at ch s dung mot may xuc loai trung
bnh, cac xe tai van chuyen xa ban, vat lieu xay dng co
trong tai khong qua hai tan nen cac anh hng la khong
qua nghiem trong.
Nc thai, rac thai phat sinh t qua trnh thi cong cung
nh cac hoat ong sinh hoat cua cong nhan xay dng neu
khong co bien phap quan ly co the gay tac nghen he
thong cong chung cua Benh vien va lam mat ve sinh moi
trng va my quan phong canh trong khu vc.
Vi muc tieu am bao sc khoe cho ngi benh
la tren het, benh vien se phoi hp vi n v thi
cong ap dung nhng bien phap chat che nhat nham
giam ti mc toi thieu cac nguon gay o nhiem.
Cac tac ong trong qua trnh xay dng la ro rang
tuy nhien nhng tac ong nay khong qua ln va
Nc sach va Moi trng
44
Benh Vien Ch Ray .

Bao Cao anh
Vien Ch Ray
khong keo dai .Co the giam thieu bang nhng bien
phap cu the.
3.3.3. Cac tac ong khi Tram x ly nc thai i vao
hoat ong.
3.3.3.1. Tieng on- o rung.
- Tieng on la mot trong nhng dang o nhiem moi trng
rat co hai cho sc khoe con ng, anh hng cua tieng on
oi vi c the phu thuoc vao nhng tnh chat vat ly nh
cng o, tan so, thi gian.
- Rung ong anh hng en c the con ngi nh lam thay
oi nhp tim, roi loan dinh dng... khi lam viec vi cac thiet
b may moc c kh, vi bo phan chuyen ong ien hoac kh
nen cung la nguon rung ong gay tac dung cuc bo len c
the con ngi. Ngoai ra trong nhng ieu kien nhat nh anh
hng cua s rung ong co the tang len gay thanh benh
run nghe nghiep.
- Trong moi trng Benh vien van e on, rung lai cang
can phai quan tam.
- Khi van hanh cac thiet b tram x ly (may bm, may
thoi kh, may ep bun) eu phat sinh tieng on, o rung.
- Theo thiet ke toan bo tram c at di mat
at vi lp betong thanh day 30 cm. ieu nay (cung
vi vi viec s dung cac thiet b mi, hien ai) cho
phep triet tieu gan nh hoan toan tieng on, o rung.
Khu vc benh vien pha tren tram x ly se khong con
cam thay on, rung ong.
3.3.3.2.Kh thai.
* Bui: thng co kch thc nho, de khuech tan trong
khong kh la mot trong nhng nguyen nhan chnh lam anh
hng nghiem trong ti sc khoe cua con ngi, no co the
gay ra cac benh ve ng ho hap (neu mc o o nhiem
cao co the gay ra benh bui phoi), cac benh ngoai da, benh
ve mat .Trong moi trng benh vien bui con co the la tac
nhan phat tan vi khuan.
Tram x ly at ngam nen hoan toan khong phat
sinh bui.
* Mui: Nc thai trong qua trnh thu gom cung nh x ly
co kha nang phat sinh mui. Mui nay rat kho chu va cha
mot so tac nhan gay hai cho sc khoe.
- He thong thu gom nc thai s dung ong uPVC, c
thiet ke tach biet vi ng thoat nc ma vi cac ho ga

Nc sach va Moi trng
45
Benh Vien Ch Ray .

Bao Cao anh
Vien Ch Ray
betong kn. Nhng yeu to nay am bao khong e phat sinh

mui trong qua trnh thu gom nc thai.
- Cac be x ly c at ngam di at va xay kn nen
hien tng khuech tan mui trong qua trnh x ly se khong
xay ra.
-
Mot lng hi thoat t cac be ieu hoa va be x ly

hieu kh, be k kh c dan chu ong qua he thong x
ly kh thai bang than hoat tnh. Lu lng kh khoang 3.500
m3/h. Kh sau x ly am bao sach va khong con mui
c dan xa ra ngoai.
3.3.3.3. Nc thai.
- Vi c cau ng ong dan bang uPVC cung he thong
ho ga xay kien co khong co kha nang xay ra hien tng ro
r nc thai.
- Nc thai sau qua trnh x ly se at tieu chuan (TCVN
6772-2000, mc 1). Nc thai nay khi xa vao he thong cong
chung se khong gay o nhiem.
3.3.3.4. Chat thai ran
- Chat thai ran sinh ra bao gom: bao b, thung cha hoa
chat, cac tui, goi ng thc pham, thc an d tha cua
cong nhan van hanh. Neu khong c thu gom, tap ket ung
ni quy nh va x ly hieu qua se gay o nhiem, mat my
quan cho khu vc.
- Lng chat thai ran sinh hoat phat sinh t hoat ong cua
Tram t (ch khoang 1 kg/ngay) khong co kha nang gay tac
ong xau. Tuy vay van can thu gom ung ni quy nh e gi
gn canh quan benh vien.
3.3.3.5. Chat thai nguy hai
Chat thai nguy hai chu yeu la bun sinh ra sau qua trnh x
ly (386,4 kg/ngay). Lng bun nay cha nhieu thanh phan co
hai neu khong c thu gom, x ly se gay ra cac tac ong
xau: lam o nhiem at, o nhiem nguon nc mat, nc
ngam.
Tuy nhien do lng bun phat sinh khong nhieu ong thi
vi cong nghe ep bun hien ai. Lng bun thai sinh ra o
dang kho, c cha trong cac bao kn roi chuyen giao cho n
v co chc nang em i x ly.
Nc sach va Moi trng
46
Benh Vien Ch Ray .

Bao Cao anh
Vien Ch Ray
Vi quy trnh chat che va khep kn nh tren kha nang gay

o nhiem cua bun thai la rat nho.
* Cong nghe AAO vi nhng tnh nang u viet trong viec
x ly nc thai a c ng dung trong nhieu d an. ac
biet nhng d an oi hoi cac tieu chuan khat khe ve moi
trng nh Benh vien nhi ong 2. e co thong tin tham
khao chung toi xin a ra nhng thong so ve mot d an tieu
bieu ap dung cong nghe nay- o la d an x ly nc thai
Trung Tam hoi ngh Quoc Gia-NCC Ha Noi (TT CTC la n v
thiet ke ky thuat va ao tao chuyen giao cong nghe van
hanh).
Cong suat x ly : 1.000 m3/ngay em.
Dien tch xay dng tram : 1000 m2. (toan bo tram c xay
ngam di at, pha tren trong co lam cong vien).
Chat lng nc thai sau x ly : at tieu chuan mc
1(TCVN 6772-2000).
Khuon vien pha tren tram x ly hoan toan khong thay
dau hieu on, rung, mui.
Tram x ly nc thai Trung tam hoi ngh quoc gia c
a vao hoat ong t T11/2006 a van hanh rat on nh,
c s anh gia cao cua gii chuyen mon.
* (Hnh 05: Mat cat mo hnh tram x ly) .
3.4. ANH GIA VE PHNG PHAP S DUNG.
Viec anh gia cac tac ong gay ra khi trien khai d an
da tren cac thong tin, so lieu sau.
- Cac so lieu ve hien trang moi trng khu vc trien khai
d an (Benh vien Ch Ray noi rieng va khu vc TpHCM noi
chung) tai thi iem gan ay nhat.
- Cac so lieu o ac do chnh trung tam CTC thc hien tai
hien trng.
- Cac thong so ky thuat lien quan en quy trnh x ly
nc thai, hoat ong cua cac may moc thiet b do cac hang
san xuat cung cap. Cac thong so nay c kiem chng
va the hien thc te nhieu d an x ly nc thai
khac nhng cung ap dung cong nghe AAO xay ngam.
* D an Xay Dng Mi He Thong Thu Gom va Tram

X Ly Nc Thai Benh Vien Ch Ray co quy mo
Nc sach va Moi trng
47
Benh Vien Ch Ray .

Bao Cao anh
Vien Ch Ray
khong ln, dien tch xay dng nho do vay theo

chung toi cac anh gia a ra trong bao cao nay
eu co tnh sat thc va o tin cay cao.
Chng IV
CAC BIEN PHAP GIAM THIEU, PHONG NGA
TAC ONG XAU VA NG PHO S CO MOI
TRNG
4.1. CAC BIEN PHAP GIAM THIEU VA PHONG
NGA TAC ONG XAU.
Vi phng cham am bao sc khoe cua benh nhan va
y-bac sy phai c at len hang au. Lanh ao benh vien
e ra muc tieu phai am bao an toan , han che ti mc
thap nhat nhng anh hng gay ra bi qua trnh xay dng
va trien khai d an.
4.1.1. Cac bien phap giam thieu tac ong trong giai
oan lap at he thong thu gom va xay dng tram x
ly nc thai.
Benh vien se chon n v thi cong chuyen nghiep, co oi
ngu cong nhan lanh nghe va may moc hien ai am bao
Nc sach va Moi trng
48
Benh Vien Ch Ray .

Bao Cao anh
Vien Ch Ray
thi gian thi cong nhanh, chat lng va khong e xay ra s co

moi trng.
Vi he thong thu gom :
- Chon phng an thi cong tng oan (khong ao tran lan),
sau khi lap at ng ong thoat nc moi oan se tien
hanh lap at, khoi phuc mat ng ngay. n v thi cong se
tien hanh ao mot he thong thu gom mi song song vi he
thong cu.
- Tien hanh che chan khu vc thi cong bang vai bat.
- Tao cac ho thu tam bang be tong tai cac iem xa cu.
Tai ay benh vien van se duy tr viec kh trung nc thai
bang dung dch NaOCl (trong suot thi gian thi cong).
Vi viec xay dng tram x ly
- Khuon vien xay dng tram c rao kn bi cac tam
ton. Chieu cao hang rao 2,5m.
- Chon phng an ong coc khoan nhoi e han che toi a
tieng on, bui.
- Thue n v chuyen nghiep e tien hanh o betong.
Ngoai ra Ban quan ly d an se thng xuyen giam sat,
nhac nh n v thi cong thc hien cac bien phap cu the sau:
-Yeu cau cac phng tien van chuyen vat lieu xay dng
ch ung trong tai, co phng an che chan khong e vat
lieu ri vai. Ch s dung cac xe chuyen ch co trong tai t
2,5 T tr xuong e han che on, rung.
- Phun nc thang vao lp bui hoac phun vao khu vc
ng giao thong noi bo e am bao u o am lam cho
bui lang, ri xuong at va han che bui cuon theo gio.
- Trang b ay u dung cu bao ho cho cong nhan xay
dng.
- Ch tien hanh xay dng vao thi iem ban ngay. Tien
hanh ve sinh cong trng ngay sau moi ngay lam viec.
- Quan ly chat che cac hoat ong cua cong nhan (co
iem thu gom rac sinh hoat, i ve sinh tap trung. Cong nhan
xay dng se khong lai cong trnh vao ban em (ngoai tr
bao ve) e han che toi a lng chat thai sinh hoat phat
sinh.
- Hp ong vi n v co chc nang thu gom kp thi xa
ban, vat lieu xay dng.
4.1.2. Cac bien phap giam thieu tac ong khi d
an i vao hoat ong.
4.1.2.1. oi vi cac phng tien chuyen ch hoa
chat x ly, bun thai.
- Yeu cau cac phng tien van chuyen phai ve sinh
trc khi vao benh vien.
- Ch s dung cac xe tai nho (di 1,5T)
- Co phng an che chan thung xe.
Nc sach va Moi trng
49
Benh Vien Ch Ray .

Bao Cao anh
Vien Ch Ray
- Khong cho xe no may khi xep d.

- Thng xuyen ve sinh, xt nc ng noi bo xung
quanh tram x ly.
4.1.2.2. oi vi hoat ong lu tr hoa chat x ly,
bun thai.
- Yeu cau nha cung cap phai ve sinh sach se cac bao
cha, thung cha. am bao cac bao, thung phai kn.
- Hoa chat x ly c sap xep ngan nap trong kho
cha hoa chat. Sau khi s dung, pha che cac thung, bao
hoa chat phai c ay, bt kn.
- Cac bao, thung ng hoa chat eu c oi tra lai cho
nha cung cap ngay khi nhap t hoa chat mi.
- Thng xuyen ve sinh kho cha va khu vc pha hoa
chat x ly.
- Bun thai sinh ra sau khi c ep kho se c cho vao
cac bao (30 kg), buoc kn. Cac bao bun c cha tam gan
khu vc may ep bun roi nh ky c xe cua n v co
chc nang x ly chat thai nguy hai em i x ly.
- Vi cac bien phap cu the tren qua trnh van chuyen,
lu tr hoa chat, bun thai se khong the gay ra nhng tac
ong xau ti moi trng benh vien.
4.1.2.3. oi vi hoat ong cua tram x ly.
V tram x ly c at ngam di mat at (ngoai tr
nha ieu hanh t ni, ch co bon cha hoa cht, may ep
bun, kho cha cht, gian h thng in iu khin t ong)
nhng anh hng ti khu vc ben tren la rat t. Tuy nhien e
loai tr toi a nhng tac ong tieu cc benh vien van se
ap dung nhng bien phap nghiem ngat sau :
- S dung cac thiet b mi 100% t cac nha san xuat
co uy tn.
-Thng xuyen co ke hoach bao tr, bao dng may moc
bang cach tra dau nht, thay mi linh kien...
- May thoi kh, may ep bun, may bm bun eu c at
tren cac be mong ln gan kem vi c cau giam chat bang
em cao su.
- Tram x ly nc thai se khong s dung may phat ien
rieng (trong trng hp mat ien ot xuat, tram se s dung
ien t may phat ien chung cua benh vien) gop phan han
che tieng on gay anh hng en sc khoe benh nhan.
-He thong thong, hut gio c thiet ke am bao moi
trng lam viec thong thoang trong tram.
- Toan bo lng kh thai cua tram (t be ieu hoa, be
x ly hieu kh, cac buong van hanh) eu c thu gom bi
quat hut trong cac ng ong kn dan ti he thong x ly kh
thai tap trung. Quat hut co cong suat 3.500m 3/h.

Nc sach va Moi trng
50
Benh Vien Ch Ray .

Bao Cao anh
Vien Ch Ray
- He thong x ly kh thai tap trung c thiet ke dang

thap vi lp than hoat tnh. day 120 cm (ng knh thap
100cm).
* (S o he thong x ly kh : ban ve 06)
- Dong kh sau x ly se khong con mui hoi va am bao
o sach theo tieu chuan TCVN 5937-2005.
- Than hoat tnh se c nh ky thay mi (03 thang/1lan).
- Benh vien se ky hp ong vi n v co chc nang thu
gom, x ly chat thai nguy hai e thu gom bun thai cung nh
lng than hoat tnh sau moi chu ky s dung.
- He thong thu gom se c nao vet nh ky tai v tr cac
ho ga. Bun nao vet sau o cung se c giao cho n v co
chc nang em i x ly.
- Yeu cau cong nhan van hanh e rac thai sinh hoat
ung ni quy nh. Cac hoat ong ve sinh cua cong nhan
(ngoai tr ra tay chan) phai c tien hanh tai cac khu ve
sinh cua cac khoa gan o (ni a co san he thong be t
hoai).
4.1.2.4. Cac bien phap khac:
Ngay sau khi xay dng xong tram x ly nc thai n v thi
cong se lap at, trong co tai tao canh quan ban au. Khu
vc pha tren tram se tr thanh mot cong vien xanh, sach, tao
ve my quan va moi trng trong lanh cho benh vien.
4.2. BIEN PHAP NG PHO VI S CO MOI
TRNG
* Cac bien phap phong chong s co tran, ro r nc
thai:
- nh ky tien hanh cong tac nao vet cac ho ga thoat
nc thai.
- Be ieu hoa, tram x ly c thiet ke vi dung tch d
e co the cha lng nc thai o ve tang ot bien.
- Trang b mot so bm lu ong kem ong dan mem e co
the bm thoat nc khi can thiet.
- Toan bo he thong thanh cac be tram x ly khi o be
tong eu c tron them phu gia chong tham.
* Cac bien phap phong chong s co do chap ien, chay
no:
- Cac may moc thiet b phai co ly lch kem theo va
phai c kiem tra, theo doi thng xuyen cac thong so ky
thuat.
- Thiet lap cac he thong bao chay, en hieu va thong
tin tot, xay dng cac hong cap nc cha chay hoac cac
phng tien cha chay khac nh bnh kh CO 2, cat... va am
bao u thiet b e phong chong chay no.

Nc sach va Moi trng
51
Benh Vien Ch Ray .

Bao Cao anh
Vien Ch Ray
- nh ky kiem tra o an toan cac thiet b phong chong

chay no.
Chng V
CAM KET THC HIEN CAC BIEN PHAP
BAO VE MOI TRNG
Benh Vien Nhi ong 2 - Chu d an Xay Dng Mi He
Thong Thu Gom va Tram X Ly Nc Thai Benh Vien
Ch Ray cam ket:
* Thc hien ay u, nghiem tuc cac bien phap giam
thieu cac tac ong xau ti moi trng nh a neu trong
bao cao. Cu the:
- Cac bien phap trong qua trnh xay dng he thong thu
gom va tram x ly nc thai.
+ am bao nc thai van c kh trung (trong qua trnh
thi cong).
+ am bao cac phng tien giao thong van tai khi chuyen
ch cac nguyen vat lieu trong qua trnh xay dng va van
chuyen cac bun thai phai s dung cac bien phap ky
thuat e han che toi a tieng on phat sinh gay o nhiem
moi trng.
- Cac phng an cong nghe x ly, may moc thiet b.
- au t cac thiet b, hang muc x ly moi trng (he
thong x ly kh thai).
- Moi trng khong kh tai khu vc trien khai d an at tieu
chuan (TCVN 5937-2005).
Nc sach va Moi trng
52
Benh Vien Ch Ray .

Bao Cao anh
Vien Ch Ray
- Nc thai sau x ly at tieu chuan (TCVN 6772-2000,

mc 1).
- Bun thai (phat sinh t qua trnh ao cac ng thu gom
nc thai cu, t qua trnh x ly nc thai cua tram x
ly mi) va cac chat thai nguy hai khac c thu gom va
chuyen cho n v co chc nang em i x ly.
- Cac bien phap tong the khac.
* Thc hien tat ca cac bien phap, quy nh chung
ve bao ve moi trng co lien quan en qua trnh
trien khai thc hien d an theo quy nh cua Bo Tai
Nguyen & Moi Trng cung nh cua cac c quan quan
ly Nha Nc.
Chng VI
CAC HANG MUC X LY MOI TRNG,
CHNG TRNH QUAN LY-GIAM SAT MOI
TRNG
6.1. CAC HANG MUC X LY MOI TRNG.
ST
T
Ten hang muc, cong trnh
He thong x ly kh thai.
Tao lap canh quan cay xanh pha

tren tram x ly
Tien o lap at,

thi cong
Tat ca cac hang
muc nay se c
a vao van
hanh cung luc khi
tram x ly i vao
hoat ong.
6.2. CHNG TRNH QUAN LY, GIAM SAT MOI

TRNG.
6.2.1. Chng trnh quan ly moi trng.
* Trong qua trnh thi cong xay dng:
- Thng xuyen theo doi, nhac nh nha thau thi cong
tuan thu cac bien phap bao ve moi trng. Benh vien se
lap ban quan ly d an, c hai can bo ky thuat giam sat tai
hien trng trong suot qua trnh thi cong xay dng .
* Khi d an i vao hoat ong:
Nc sach va Moi trng
53
Benh Vien Ch Ray .

Bao Cao anh
Vien Ch Ray
- e ra noi quy cu the ve viec thc hien van hanh thiet

b, gi gn ve sinh moi trng am bao an toan phong chay
cha chay.
- Tram x ly nc thai khi van hanh se c thng
xuyen theo doi cac thong so tng cong oan.
Cong oan
Be ieu hoa
Thong so theo
doi
pH
Be x ly hieu kh,
thieu kh, k kh
Be kh trung
Nc thai au ra
DO, COD
Clo d
Ghi chu
nh ky vt rac tai
song chan, kiem tra
bang au o t ong
Sau moi ca se lay
mau e phan tch .
Kiem tra bang au
do.
pH, SS, COD,
02 lan lay mau/ca.
pH, SS, COD,

BOD, NO3-,
Photphat, Coliform
nh ky lay mau gi
phan tch
- Thng xuyen kiem tra tnh trang hoat ong cua cac
may moc thiet b.
- Qua trnh pha hoa chat c tien hanh theo ung hng
dan ve nong o, lng s dung.
- Thc hien cac quy nh ve quan ly moi trng cua S
Tai Nguyen Moi Trng, Tp. Ho Ch Minh nh lam bao cao moi
trng nh ky, lam so khai bao theo doi chat thai ran, chat
thai nguy hai...
- Bo tr nhan s cho cong tac quan ly moi trng trong
toan benh vien noi chung va cho tram x ly nc thai noi
rieng.
- Ky hp ong vi cac n v co chc nang thu gom rac
thai sinh hoat va chat thai ran, chat thai nguy hai.
- Thng xuyen tuyen truyen, nhac nh can bo Y Bac sy
va benh nhan trong benh vien ve y thc bao ve moi
trng.
6.2.2. Chng trnh giam sat moi trng.
Benh vien se tien hanh thc hien chng trnh giam sat
moi trng ( kh thai, nc thai, chat thai ran, chat thai nguy
hai), long ghep chng trnh quan trac cua tram x ly vi
chng trnh quan trac chung cua benh vien. Cu the nh sau:
Noi dung
Ch tieu
So lng,
Tan
Kinh ph

Nc sach va Moi trng
54
Benh Vien Ch Ray .

Bao Cao anh
Vien Ch Ray
giam sat
Giam sat
moi trng
khong kh
xung quanh
Giam sat
kh thai t
he thong
x ly kh
thai cua
tram x ly
Giam sat
moi trng
nc thai
Chat thai
ran va
chat thai
nguy hai
phan tch
Bui, Tieng
on, NO2,
SO2, CO, H2S,
Mui...
v tr lay
mau
05 mau
(cac khu
vc khoa,
phong
benh vien)
Bui, NO2, SO2,

Mercaptan,
CO, H2S, NH3,
mui
01 mau
pH, SS, COD,

BOD, Sunfua,
NO3-,
Photphat,
Coliform
02
(01 mau
nc thai
trc x
ly, 01 mau
nc thai
sau x ly)
suat
thc hien
Khoang
3
28.000.000/
thang/lan
lan
3
thang/lan
Khoang
2.000.000/l
an
3
thang/lan
Khoang
1.300.000
/lan
Benh vien se tien hanh thu gom va phan loai tai

nguon cac loai chat thai rieng biet, sau o
chuyen cho n v co chc nang thu gom em i x
ly.
* e thc hien chng trnh giam sat moi trng benh vien
se thue cac n v co chc nang khao sat, o ac va phan
tch.
* Ghi chu: Viec thue n v o ac, phan tch nc thai (03
thang/1 lan) e benh vien co them thong so tham khao,
oi chieu. Ban than tram x ly nc thai khi i vao hoat
ong se c trang b ong thi cac thiet b kiem nghiem
e co the kiem soat chat lng nc thai sau x ly hang
ngay.

Nc sach va Moi trng
55
Benh Vien Ch Ray .

Bao Cao anh
Vien Ch Ray
Chng VII
D TOAN KINH PH CHO CAC HANG MUC BAO
VE MOI TRNG
* Cac hang muc bao ve moi trng :
ST
T
1
2

He thong x ly kh thai than hoat
tnh
Lap at, trong co, tao canh quan
pha tren tram
Tong cong
Von au t
(VN)
30.000.000
25.000.000
55.000.000
* Chi ph van hanh cac hang muc moi trng :

Nc sach va Moi trng
56
Benh Vien Ch Ray .

Bao Cao anh
Vien Ch Ray
Stt
He thong x ly kh
Ti cay, duy tr canh quan pha
tren tram x ly.
Chi ph (ong/thang)
500.000
500.000
Chng VIII
THAM VAN Y KIEN CONG ONG
8.1. Y kien cua UBND Phng 12, Quan 5, Tp Ho Ch
Minh.
UBND Phng 12 ong thuan vi chu trng xay dng
tram x ly nc thai cua Benh vien Ch Ray. e ngh chu
au t tien hanh ung cac thu tuc va am bao nc thai
cua Benh vien sau khi x ly at tieu chuan hien hanh, ong
thi co cac bien phap gi gn an ninh trat t, bao am ve
sinh moi trng trong qua trnh thi cong.
UBND Phng 12 e ngh cac c quan chc nang ho tr
e d an sm c trien khai.
8.2. Y kien cua UBMTTQ Phng 12, Quan 5, Tp Ho Ch
Minh.
Thng trc UBMTTQVN Phng 12 hoan toan nhat tr va
hoan nghenh chu trng xay dng tram x ly nc thai cua
Nc sach va Moi trng
57
Benh Vien Ch Ray .

Bao Cao anh
Vien Ch Ray
Benh vien Ch Ray. e ngh chu au t tien hanh ung cac

thu tuc va am bao nc thai cua Benh vien sau khi x ly
at tieu chuan hien hanh.
Trong qua trnh thi cong, e ngh chu au t co cac bien
phap gi gn an ninh trat t, bao am ve sinh moi trng,
khong gay on ao trong gi ngh cua nhan dan.
Chng IX
NGUON CUNG CAP D LIEU VA PHNG
PHAP ANH GIA
9.1. NGUON CUNG CAP D LIEU, SO LIEU
9.1.1 Cac tai lieu tham khao:
1. Bao cao khao sat a chat cong trnh khoa ung bu.
Trung Tam T Van Thiet Ke Kien Truc-2000.
2. Bao cao au t he thong thu gom va tram x ly nc
thai Benh vien Ch Ray. Trung tam CTC.
3. Bao cao thong bao va d bao kh hau- Trung Tam
Nghien Cu Kh Hau-Kh Tng-Vien Kh Tng Thuy Van.
4. Bao cao TM d an xay dng he thong x ly nc
thai benh vien nhi Nghe An- Trung tam CTC.
5. Bao cao TM d an xay dng khu kho cang xang dau
PETECHIM-1997- Vien Moi Trng & Tai Nguyen.
Nc sach va Moi trng
58
Benh Vien Ch Ray .

Bao Cao anh
Vien Ch Ray
6. Giao trnh ky thuat o va kiem soat chat lng nc TTKHTNVCNQG 2004.

PGS-TSKH Nguyen Xuan Nguyen.
7. Nc thai va cong nghe x ly nc thai- NXB KHVKT
2003
PGS-TSKH Nguyen Xuan Nguyen.
8. O nhiem khong kh va x ly kh thai - NXB KHVKT 2001
GS-TS Tran Ngoc Chan.
9.1.2. Cac tai lieu, d lieu chu d an cung cap:
- Cac ban ve, thong tin ve tnh hnh hoat ong cua benh
vien.
9.1.3. Cac so lieu o ac tai hien trng.
- Trung tam CTC a tien hanh lay 02 mau khong kh, 01
mau nc ngam, 01 mau at va 01 mau nc mat tai
khu vc tiep nhan nc thai cua d an.
- Qua trnh lay mau va phan tch c tien theo tieu
chuan Bo Y Te, TCVN, s dung cac thiet b o hien ai.
9.2. CAC PHNG PHAP AP DUNG TRONG QUA TRNH
THC HIEN TM
* Phng phap liet ke so lieu moi trng: Phan
tch qua trnh thc hien d an, ac biet la giai oan i vao
van hanh day chuyen cong nghe cua he thong.
* Phng phap thong ke: Thu thap cac so lieu kh
tng-thuy van, so lieu phan tch moi trng, so lieu ve
ieu kien t nhien-xa hoi tai a iem xay dng d an va
khu vc xung quanh.
* Phng phap phan tch, kiem tra va tnh toan: Lay
mau, o ac mot so thong so ngoai hien trng, ong
thi phan tch tnh toan va xac nh cac so lieu trong
phong th nghiem.
* Phng phap so sanh: Tnh toan nong o cac chat
o nhiem co trong nc thai, so sanh vi cac ch tieu trong
Tieu chuan moi trng Viet Nam.
* Phng phap phong oan: Da vao c s ly luan
va kinh nghiem e phong oan cac tac ong co the co,
tren c s o xem xet cac tac ong cua d an en chat
lng moi trng va con ngi khu vc xung quanh.
9.3. NHAN XET VE MC O CHI TIET, O TIN CAY
CUA CAC ANH GIA.

Nc sach va Moi trng
59
Benh Vien Ch Ray .

Bao Cao anh
Vien Ch Ray
Bao cao TM d an Xay Dng Mi He Thong Thu

Gom va Tram X Ly Nc Thai Benh Vien Ch Ray
cua benh vien Ch Ray c lap da tren:
- Cac nguon c s d lieu sau:
+ Cac thong so trong bao cao TM va bao cao
hien trang moi trng tren a ban thanh pho. ay la
cac so lieu cu the co o tin cay cao.
+ Cac so lieu lien quan en cong nghe x ly c
Trung Tam CTC thuyet minh mot cach cu the va chi tiet,
phan ln cac thong so nay a c kiem chng tai
tai nhng d an trien khai theo cong nghe nay.
- Cac phng phap anh gia s dung la cac phng phap
thong dung, pho bien thc hien cac TM.
- oi ngu nhan vien thc hien ng au la PGS-TSKH
Nguyen Xuan Nguyen - Giam oc Trung Tam T Van Chuyen
Giao Cong Nghe Nc Sach Va Moi Trng a co nhieu kinh
nghiem trong lnh vc lam bao cao TM cung nh thiet ke,
xay dng cac he thong x ly nc thai cho nhieu d an.
Vi mot d an co quy mo pham vi trien nho

nh d an Xay Dng Mi He Thong Thu Gom va
Tram X Ly Nc Thai Benh Vien Ch Ray cua
benh vien Ch Ray th cac anh gia TM c trnh
bay trong cuon bao cao nay la ay u chi tiet
va co o tin cay.

Nc sach va Moi trng
60
Benh Vien Ch Ray .

Bao Cao anh
Vien Ch Ray
KET LUAN VA KIEN NGH

T ket qua khao sat, nghien cu TM khoa hoc, nghiem
tuc cho d an Xay Dng Mi He Thong Thu Gom va
Tram X Ly Nc Thai Benh Vien Ch Ray cua Benh
vien Ch Ray co the neu ra cac ket luan nh sau:
- V tr d kien xay dng he thong x ly tai benh vien
co nhieu thuan li (c s ha tang, ng giao thong...).
- Viec trien khai d an co tac ong tch cc gop phan
vao viec lam giam kha nang gay o nhiem nguon nc, tao
moi trng tron lanh cho Benh vien.
- D an trien khai se gay ra nhng tac ong nhat nh
en moi trng. Tuy nhien co the loai bo, giam thieu cac
tac ong nay bang cac bien phap khong che thch hp.
- Cac bien phap phong chong o nhiem cua d an co
tnh kha thi va hieu qua cao.
* D an trien khai se khong gay ra nhng anh
hng xau ti moi trng.
Tren c s nhng ket luan a neu benh vien Ch
Ray knh e ngh: S Tai Nguyen & Moi Trng thanh
pho Ho Ch Minh xem xet phe duyen bao cao TM cua
d an ong thi chap thuan cho d an c trien khai
thc hien trong thi gian sm nhat.

Nc sach va Moi trng
61

Bao - Cao - DTM Tram XLNT BV Cho Ray

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Bao - Cao - DTM Tram XLNT BV Cho Ray

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Benh Vien Ch Ray .

Bao Cao anh

1.4.1. Noi dung thc hien d an

ieu kien ve a ly, a chat

ieu kien ve kh tng-thuy van

Hien trang cac thanh phan moi trng t nhien

2.1.3. Hien trang moi trng khong kh

Trung tam T van & Chuyen giao Cong nghe

Benh Vien Ch Ray .

e. Hien trang chat lng nc mat Tp Ho Ch Minh

2.1.3. Hien trang chat lng at

ieu kien kinh te-xa hoi

ieu kien ve kinh te

ieu kien ve xa hoi

Cac nguon gay tac ong

3.1.1. Tac ong do qua trnh lap at he thong thu gom

D bao nhng rui ro ve s co moi trng do d an

Cac thanh phan t nhien

Yeu to con ngi

anh gia tac ong

Cac tac ong ve kinh te, xa hoi cua d an

Cac tac ong trong qua trnh xay dng

Cac tac ong khi tram x ly i vao hoat ong.

Trung tam T van & Chuyen giao Cong nghe

Benh Vien Ch Ray .

3.3.3. Chat thai nguy hai

anh gia ve phng phap s dung

CAC BIEN PHAP GIAM THIEU, PHONG

Bien phap ng pho vi s co moi trng

Chng VI: Chng VI:

Chng trnh quan ly va giam sat moi trng

Chng trnh quan ly moi trng

Chng trnh giam sat moi trng

Chng VII: D TOAN KINH PH CHO CAC THIET B BAO

Y kien cua UBND Phng 12, Quan 5.

Trung tam T van & Chuyen giao Cong nghe

Benh Vien Ch Ray .

Y kien cua UBMTTQ Phng 12, Quan 5.

CAC NGUON CUNG CAP D LIEU VA

Tai lieu tham khao.

Tai lieu d lieu chu d an cung cap.

Cac phng phap ap dung trong qua trnh thc

KET LUAN VA KIEN NGH

Trung tam T van & Chuyen giao Cong nghe

Benh Vien Ch Ray .

2. CAN C PHAP LUAT VA KY THUAT CUA

Trung tam T van & Chuyen giao Cong nghe

Benh Vien Ch Ray .

Nc Thai Benh Vien Ch Ray c lap can c theo

3. TO CHC THC HIEN TM.

Benh Vien Ch Ray .

Tru s chnh: so 1001 - ng Hoang Quoc Viet - Quan

Giam oc Trung Tam CTC

2. KS. Dng Hai Au

Trng chi nhanh CTC 2

3. KS. Tran Van Sc

Chi nhanh CTC 2

4. KS. Vng Hu Ngha

6. KS. Nguyen Th Hong DiemNhan vien PTN chi nhanh CTC 2

Nhan vien PTN chi nhanh CTC 2

8. KTV. Tran nh Thanh

Nhan vien PTN chi nhanh CTC 2

Ngoai ra bao cao c thc hien vi s ho tr cua cac