11
: .
2
( ).
,
. , .
1922
1923
( )
-
,
-
Curr Med Res Opin. 2011 Nov;27 Suppl 3:13-20.
..
,
E ,
E
;;;
-
-
-
-
-
,
H
H
,
( - )
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T ( )
( )
BD Micro-Fine TM + 1ml
12.7mm/29G
2
.
50 .
BD Micro-Fine TM + 0.5ml
12.7mm/29G
BD Micro-Fine TM + 0.5ml
8mm/30G
1
. 30
50 .
BD Micro-Fine TM + 0.3ml
8mm/30G
1
.
.
""
(jet injector)
Insuflon,
24
bolus
;
29G x
12mm
30G x
30G x
8mm
6mm
31G x
31G x
31G x
8mm
6mm
5mm
32G x
32G x
32G x
8mm
6mm
4mm
G (Gauge);
G
mm ()
:
, ,
/
,
(5-6mm)
(6-8mm)
(8mm)
45
90
90
, stress
( < <
< ).
:
( ,
)
,
,
4
,
,
: (2-8oC)
: (
3 )
25o
(4-6 )
:
25oC
(6 )
,
.
900
450
,
10 sec,
;
()
= 2 mm
(+ )
.. 2,02 mm 4
3.0 mm
90 ?
2,5 cm,
5 cm
,
,
.
HbA1c
of patients (%)
Proportion
%
any
episode
50
10
40
Ins8
30
20
10
SU
0
12
15
2
.
10.0
7.5
kg
5.0
2.5
0.0
-2.5
4
6
8
Years from randomisation
10
UKPDS, 1996
:
: indention
:
( )
From Medline Plus, an online service of the US National Institutes of Health (NIH)
:
Incidence LH: 48.8%
3
:
1.
2.
(p=0.001),
(p=0.004),
(p=0.004)
6 mm
HME
:
)
, ,