Analysis and Control of River Pollution

A Presentation by :
Aditya B.Deshpande
Ashish A.Bhalerao
Automobile Engg. Department,
M.M.Polytechnic,Pune-33. 1
Contents
 Present Global River pollution – Short Study
 Roots of this pollution
 What can be done?
 Analysis
 Water Treatment
 Conclusion
 References

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 Present Global River Pollution
 In cities we the people, are just enjoying the benefits.

 By just opening a small tap we get plenty full of water may be for drinking or
for other purposes but just imagine the rural life, the women in rural areas have
to carry huge vessels on their head and travel long distances by walk.

 Don’t we have plenty of water? Where this water has gone? or is water level
increasing?

 All this can be considered up to a limit but main problem is arisen from
RIVER WATER POLLUTION. Because as mainly water from seas and
oceans is saline only the fresh water from rivers is useful.

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 So problems caused due to river pollution are:

1) Scarcity of drinking water.

2) Scarcity of aquatic organisms- fishes, crabs, crocodiles, snakes

and other species which are on extinct.

3) Scarcity of useful aquatic vegetation- which help in reducing pollution by

absorbing harmful gases.

4) Spreading of various diseases- diarrhoea, jaundice, cholera, dengue, some

of which cause because of mosquitoes taking birth from rivers.

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Fig 1 : it shows fishes dying due to industrial pollution

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 Roots of this pollution
 Population: Population is most important and responsible
factor for causing pollution. With constant & considerable
increase of population, their demands are also increasing too
much.
– For controlling such a huge population it becomes hard for
government so undisciplined behavior and lack of awareness
regarding pollution increases.

 Industries : To fulfill basic needs of growing population

industrialization is need & for one more reason it is needed
that is globalization.. This can be good but it leads to
negligence towards awareness of river pollution.

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Fig 2 : It shows polluted river due to waste water from industries
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 What can be done?
 Many resources and control measures are available today.

 But before using such river pollution control methods a strong

change is needed in respect of public discipline, environmental
awareness.
 As government invests funds for various development
projects, it should also should give equal importance for river
pollution control.
 If now in this stage if this increasing river pollution is ignored
then it will be very hard for upcoming next generation. They
will face many hazardous problems.

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Fig 3: A man gathering useful things from a enormously polluted 9
river
 Analysis
 Analysis is the first and very important step of river pollution
control.

 It is basic & first stage.

 Before analysis nothing can done. i.e.

analysis gives information about nature of polluted water, its
toxicity, its response with various treatments etc.

 With advancement of technology there are many ways or river

pollution analysis. These are simulation/computer based, artificial
based and also nature based.

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 Analysis Tests
1) Simulation/ Computer based : This technique works as a spy. It
constantly keeps an eye on each and every action of river cycle which
gives results like a survey. This becomes very useful for judging which
type of water treatment method should be used. However it is costly
method so it is not suitable for economically weak nations.
Reference : fig 4

2) Artificial based : There are two types-

a) Carbon-Oxygen Demand (COD) test
b) Nitrogen detection test.

3) Nature based : There are again two types-

a) Biological-Oxygen Demand (BOD) test
b) PH test

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Fig 4 : Simulation/ Computer based analysis
Techniques

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 Water Treatment
 After analysis the actual water treatment starts as per the
results & it is totally depended on analysis results.
 During water treatment there should be strict following of
rules that pollution should not enter the river by any way
otherwise the war-level efforts can go in vain.
 There should be total ban on industries to allow waste
water or other products to enter river.
 Area around rivers should be like a curfew place where
only people working on river pollution control project
should be allowed to visit.

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 Types of Water

treatments
Microbial and Bacterial Method- It is one of the most easy and
cheaper water treatment method. It requires a slow & steady water
current flow. Bacteria are produced in the river. These bacteria with
their natural power purify the river water & waste products are
collected aside.
Reference :Tanabe city, Wakayama prefecture, Japan.

 Electrolysis: This is a scientific way. River water treatment by this

method may be complicated so such treatments can be used for
industrial waste and domestic sewage before entering into rivers.

Many other treatment methods like sewage treatment plants,

centrifugal water treatment plants, etc are also available but the
above stated are common.

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Conclusion
 If sincere efforts are taken in a planned manner, then it is very easy for
controlling river pollution.
 Just there is need of awaking people and educating them about how river
pollution is caused, what are its effects, what can be done & also they
should know that many people are daily loosing their lives because of
this pollution.
 Rivers are treated as sacred and holy & yes these are god gifts but
people are taking this in different way & perform many rituals and many
things which pollute river. This should stop first. Refer fig 5.
e.g. Ganges, India. Yangtze, China & many rivers of Egypt & Greece.

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 Fig 5 : it shows people performing their rituals on
banks of river which is one of the most ancient &
sacred rivers of the world. But now is one of the most
polluted river. 16
References
1) www.wikipedia.org
2) www.google.com/images
3) www.bikanken.org
4) http://www.wildlifetrust.org.uk/facts/rivers
4) www.rainwaterharvesting.org/crisis/RiverPollution
5) http://www.clean-flo.com/river_improvement.html

 BBC Reports

 River life project, Finland

 Kanpur leather industries

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THANK YOU !

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