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Risk Assessment
Diagram
Risk Assessment
Diagram
Mining Facilities with
Approved Closure Design
Risk identification
Risk Assessment
People
Natural Events
Technical
Factors
Control
Measures
Facility
Conditions
Control
Measures
Consequences
Probabilities
Environ_
ment
RisK Evaluation
Significant
Risk?
NO
End of the
Process
YES
Variables
Risk Treatment
Requires
New Measures
Components
Control
Measures
Mining Facilities
Focus in on the infrastructure which will remain once the
minerals explotation and processing is completed.
Cod.
UM
OP
TI
LW
WR
SD
Facilities
Underground Mine
Open Pit Mine
Tailings Dams
Leaching Wastes
Waste Rock Deposits
Slag Deposits
Risk Identification
Name of the
facility
Cod.
Probabilities
Naturals Events
Facility Conditions
Earthquake
Precipitation
Wind
1
Very Low
Control
Measures
N1
Technical
Factors
Avalanches
Factors
a
b
Existence of
erodible
particles
% surface
moisture
0,25
0,5
0,75
Not
present
Ocurr
Saturated
100%
Dry 0%
Final Value
100
Level of Effectiveness
in the Closure
Measure
Index of
Effectiveness of the
Closure Measure
Closure measure n1
Tailings Cobert
100%-81%
80%-61%
0.5
0.65
0.5
60%-21%
0.8
20%-0%
0.95
Index
MC1
0.5
100
Natural
events
Technical
factors
X
MC1 Index
0,5
Probabilities
Facility
Conditions
Results of the CI
Formula
Value levels
80-100
VERY HIGH
60-79
HIGH
40-59
MODERATE
20-39
LOW
0-19
VERY LOW
50
Example:
- FACILITY
- RISK
: Tailings Dams
: Air contamination
Probability
Example:
- NATURAL EVENT : Wind.
- FACILITY
: Tailings Dams.
- RISK
: Air contamination.
Natural events
Very High
High
Medium
Low
Very low
High
Very high
Very high
probability
probability
Very high
probability
Very high
probability
High probability
High probability
High probability
Medium
probability
Medium
Medium
probability
probability
Medium
Low
Very low
High
Medium
probability
probability
Medium
Medium
Low
probability
probability
probability
Medium
Medium
Low
probability
probability
probability
Low probability
Low probability
High probability
Low probability
Very low
probability
Very low
Very low
probability
probability
Consequences
Mining Facilities with
Approved Closure Design
Risk identification
Risk Assessment
People
Natural Events
Technical
Factors
Control
Measures
Facility
Conditions
Control
Measures
Consequences
Probabilities
Environ_
ment
RisK Evaluation
Significant
Risk?
NO
End of the
Process
YES
Variables
Risk Treatment
Requires
New Measures
Components
Control
Measures
Consequences
Variables of People
1. Intensity
2. Proximity
3. Fragility
4. Damage to Health
5. Recoverability
6. Response Capacity
Intensity
DESCRIPTION
VERY LOW
(1)
Intensity or
degree of
destruction
No Potential to
affect residential,
ceremonial,
recreational, or
productive zones.
Proximity of the
mining facilities
Proximity to human site
or human
activities.
LOW
(2)
Potential to
affect one of
following;
residential,
ceremonial,
recreational, or
productive
zones.
Mining facility
located away from
human sites or
activities.
MEDIUM
(3)
HIGH
(4)
Potential to
Potential to affect affect three of
two of following; following;
residential,
residential,
ceremonial,
ceremonial,
recreational, or
recreational, or
productive zones. productive
zones.
VERY HIGH
(5)
Potential to
affect all of
following;
residential,
ceremonial,
recreational,
or productive
zones.
Mining facility
located near
human sites or
activities.
Mining facility
located within
human sites or
activities.
Proximity
Fragility
Damage to
Health
Recoverability
Response
Capacity
Index
11
100%-81%
80%-61%
60%-21%
20%-0%
0.5
0.65
0.8
0.95
IMC2
0.5
0.5
We use the following formula SCp= SCp x IMC2 to define the level of
consequences on people taking into account the characterisitics of people and
the effectiveness index. Finally, the resulting quantitative level will be converted
to a qualitative value through the use of ranges.
Results of
formula SCp
Characteristics
SCp = 11
Level of Consequences
25 30
VERY HIGH
20 24
HIGH
15 19
MODERATE
10 14
LOW
59
People
MC2=Index
IMC2
0,5
5,5
VERY LOW
Air
Soil
Surface water
Groundwater
Flora and fauna
Protected areas
5 variables
for each one
Extension
Duration
Reversibility
Intensity
Environmental Relevance
Applicable
(Yes/No)
Extension
(E)
Duration
(D)
Reversibility
(Rev)
Intensity
(I)
Env. Relevance
(Rel)
TOTAL
YES
12
components
Air Quality
Soil
(Edaphology)
YES
Surface water
NO
Groundwater
NO
NO
100%-81%
80%-61%
60%-21%
20%-0%
0.5
0.65
0.8
0.95
IMC3
Tailings coverage
0.5
0,5
Level of
Consequences
21 25
VERY HIGH
17 - 20
HIGH
13 - 16
MODERATE
9 - 12
LOW
5-8
VERY LOW
Components
SCma
= 12
Environment
MC3=Index
IMC3
0,5
Risk Assessment
Risk Evaluation
- Results Diagram
Mining Facilities with
Approved Closure Design
Risk identification
Risk Assessment
People
Natural Events
Technical
Factors
Control
Measures
Facility
Conditions
Control
Measures
Consequences
Probabilities
Environ_
ment
RisK Evaluation
Significant
Risk?
NO
End of the
Process
YES
Variables
Risk Treatment
Requires
New Measures
Components
Control
Measures
Probability of
occurrence of an
event
Very high
Very high
Very high
High
Very high
Medium
High
Low
Very low
Severity
of consequences
Consequences
High
Medium
Low
People
Very low
Very high
High
High
Medio
High
High
Medio
Medio
High
Medio
Medio
Low
High
Medio
Medio
Low
Low
Medio
Medio
Low
SIGNIFICANT RISK
Case Study :
- FACILITY : Tailings Dams
- RISK
: Air Contamination
- RESULT :
Low Risk for the people
Low Risk for the environment
NONLow
SIGNIFICANT RISKLow
Conclusion
1. This new guideline provide a well defined methodology for a
periodical review of risk assessment of closure works that did
not exist before.
2. This methodology establishes conservative criteria.
3. Focus is on the control by the government of relevant
variables.
4. This Guideline is a contribution to the actual ongoing process in
the Chilean mining industry.
5. The next challenge for the mining industry and the Government
will be to enrich this methodology with new technical
contributions/ information that may appear during its use over
the following years.