BTEC 2012

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Unit 1 The Online World

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Lesson 9 Data Exchange

(Student Book B Pg 11 - 14)

Starter What is the role of a CODEC? What is a CODEC another name for?

1. Explain what VoIP stands for and how it works.

VoIP is a group of internet protocols which provide a means of sending voice and
Multimedia communication over the internet rather than by a public telephone networks,
Real-time communication has become more and more common, with communication
By Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) growing in popularity more and more.
2. There are three transmission modes used in communication, these are shown in the
diagram below. Explain what each is and how it operates.

Transmission Mode

Simplex

Half Duplex

Duplex (Full Duplex)

Description
Refers to transmission in only one direction. Note the difference between
simplex and half-duplex. Half-duplex refers to two-way communications
where only one party can transmit at a time. Simplex refers to one-way
communications where there is only one party this is the transmitter and the
other one is the receiver. For an example of simplex communications is a
simple radio, which you can receive data from stations but can not transmit
any data.
A half duplex Refers to the transmission of data in just one direction at a
time. For a example, a walkie-talkie is on of a half-duplex device because
only one part can talk at a time. In contrast, a telephone is a full-duplex
device because both parties can talk simultaneously. Duplex modes often
are used in reference to network data transmissions.

Refers to the transmission of data in two directions simultaneously.

For example, a telephone is a full-duplex device because both parties
Can talk at once. In contrast, a walkie-talkie is a half-duplex device because only one
party can transmit at the same time.

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BTEC 2012
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Unit 1 The Online World

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3. The table below shows the main transmission methods that are used. Complete the table
to find out the key details, benefits and limitations of each.

Wired
Type
Cable used

Max Speed

UTP / STP
Unshielded twisted
pair (UTP) cables are
basic pairs of cables
twisted together.
Shielded twisted
pair (STP) cables are
similar but have a
foil shielding.
250 Mbps

Max Distance
Benefits

100m
Twisting cancels out
Interference and very
Low cost and a
Adaptable
Limitations
Slower and with less
Capacity than other
Cables and only be
used over short
distances
Susceptible to
Noise.
Example of use Analogue telephone
network.

Coaxial
. Solid wire core
separated from a
copper-braided outer
cable by a plastic
insulation sheath. The
inner cable transmits
the data and the
outer cable connects to earth.

1,000 Mbps ( or more for

Category 7 cable)
100
Fast and reliable

Fibre Optic
Glass or plastic cables
which use total internal
refection of light to
transmit data. Normally
uses LED or laser visible
light, although infrared
has also been used.
2.4 Gbps (higher has
been achieved in
laboratory testing)
50km
Fast, works over long
Distances.
Little inferences.

Costs more than UTP/

STP.
Susceptible to noise.

Complex connection
and termination
equipment.

Connection to cable
TV networks.
Aerial/dish
connection to TV.

The cable networks use

!bre from their source to
the distribution panels
in the street. From there
they use coaxial cable to
individual households

Wireless
Type
Cable used

Microwave
Short wavelength radio
transmissions working at
very high frequencies.

Satellite
Data is transmitted from
Earth to a satellite, which
relays it to the relevant
receiving station back on
Earth.

Max Speed

Infrared
Short range data
transmissions using
infrared light (just beyond
visible light). This is the
same technology as is
used in TV handsets.
4mbs

300gbs

huge

Max Distance

100m

100m

Benefits

Tends to be reliable

Limitations

Short range.
Devices must be in a

Between circa 500km

to 36,000 km
Signal degrades very little over
Can increase a
long distances
Distance, a network can
reach
Devices must be in direct line
Expensive
of
sight Can be affected by

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BTEC 2012
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Unit 1 The Online World

Example of use

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direct line of sight.

rain,
Can suffer from external pollen and sun spot
interference
Activity.
Can suffer from external
Interference.
Keyboard, printer,
Earth to satellite
mouse
Communication.
to processor unit.
Bluetooth.
Handsets.

Global communication
Systems.

Plenary How many geostationary satellites are there in orbit and what do they provide?
A geostationary orbit, geostationary Earth orbit or geosynchronous equatorial orbit (GEO), is an orbit
whose position in sky remains the same for a stationary observer on earth. This effect is achieved with a
circular orbit 35,786 kilometers (22,236 mi) above the Earth's equator and following the direction of the
Earth's rotation

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