18 I 19262l 1982

Rea5rmed 2004
1989 ))
(( Reaffirmed

Indian Standard
RECOMMENDED GUIDELINES FOR
CONCRETE MIX DESIGN
Fifth Reprint MARCH 1998

UDC 666.972.1.031.1

BUREAU

OF

MANAK BHAVAN,

Gr 6

INDIAN

STANDARDS

9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG

NEW DELHl 110002

Fehcary

1983

IS:10262-

1982

(Reaffirmed

1989)

Indian Standard
RECOMMENDED GUIDELINES FOR
CONCRETE MIX DESIGN
Cement and Concrete Sectional Committee, BDC 2
CJtairman
Rafmsmting
DR H. C. VXEIVESVABAYA
Cement Research Institute of India, New Delhi
Members
ADDITIONAL DI~~OTOB,SFANDARD~ Research, Designs & Standards Organization
( Ministry of Railways ), Lucknow
(B&S)
DEPUTY DIBXOTOB,STANDARDI
SHE1 d BPY.!:&~r
)
Lamon & Toubro Ltd, Bombay
SE& ri~nrau N. MA~ANI ( Altemtts )
SH~I S. IL BANE~JEE
National Test House, Calcutta
SERI R. N. BANEAL
Beas Designs t+gan.zzation, Nangal Township
DR N. S. BHAL
Structt~rengmeerrng
Research Centre ( CSIR) ,
CHIEB ENCUNEER( DES~NE)
EXEO~TIVZQ EN~IN~PER
( DELU~NS) III ( Altmuts )
CHIEF ENOINEE~( PROJEOTE
)

Central Public Works Department, New Delhi

Irrigation Department,
Chandigarh

Government

of Punjab,

DIREOTOR,IPRI ( Alternate )
Central Water Commiraion, New Delhi
DI~ECTOB(CSMRS )
DEPUTY DIBEOTO~( CSMRS )
( Alternate )
SHBI T. A. E. DSA
The Concrete Association of India, Bombay
SHR~ N. C. DUGGAL( Al&mute )
SHRI V, K. GUPTA
Engineer-in-Chief I Branch, Army Headquarters,
New Delhi
Sam S. N. PANDZ ( Allmala )
Hyderabad
Asbestos Cement
Products Ltd,
SERI A. K. GUPTA
Hyderabad
Engineering Research Laboratories, Hyderabad
Dn IQBAL ALI
The Associated Cement Companies Ltd, Bombay
SERI P. J. JAWS
M. N. Dartur 8: Co Pvt Ltd, Calcutta
Sam S. R. KUCKARNX
The Institution of Engineers ( India ), Calcutta
SHRI S. K. LAIIA
SEW B. T. UNWALLA ( Affmafr )
( Conlinucdon Poga 2 )
0

wiht

1983

BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS

Thia publication ir protected under the Indiaa Cofryrilif Act ( XIV of 4957 ) and
reproduction in whole or in part hy any mean8 except with written permission of the
puhlieher shall be deemed to be an infringement of copyright under the raid Act.

18 I 10262 - 1982
( Confinucdjrom
pugs1 )
Rqmscnling

Memhers
Cent;o~r3e$lding

Dn MOEIAN RAI
DR S. S. RzHSt ( &rfnotc

SHRI K. K. NAMBIAR

SERI H. S. PABRICEA
SRRI C. S. MISHRA ( Alfnnatc)
SERI ?I. R. PHoLL
SERI Y. R. PHULL

Research

Institute

(CSIR),

In personal capacity
( Romnnolnya II First Cresreat
Park Road, Gandhinagar, Adyar, Madras )
Hindustan Prefab Ltd, New Delhi

Indian Roads Congress, New Delhi

Central Road Research Institute ( CSIR ), New
Delhi
SIIRI M. R. CEATTERJZE ( Altnaarc I )
SERI K. L. SETEI ( Alternuts II )
Structural Engineering Research Centre (CSIR),
DR M. RAMAIAH
Madras
_
SHRI A. V. RA~ANA
Dalmia Cement ( Bharat ) Ltd, New Delhi
SERI G. RAUDAS
Directorate General of Supplies and Disposals,
New Delhi
DR A. V. R. RAO
National Buildings Organization,
New DCIhi
SHRI J. SEN GUPTA ( Alternate )
SARI R. V. CHALAPAT~Z RAO
Geoloeical
Survev of India. Calcutta
SERI S. ROY ( Alternate )
SHRI T. N. S. RAO
Gammon India Ltd, Bombay
SERI ARJUN R~JHSIN~~ANI
Cement Corporation of India Ltd, New Delhi
SHEI K. VITHAL RAO ( Alternate )
SECRETARY
Central Board of Irrigation and Power, NW
Delhi
DEPUTY SZORETARY (I) ( Alfcrnate )
SERI
N. thVAQUP.U
Roads Wing, Ministry of Shipping and Transport,
New Delhi
SHRI R. L. KAPOOR ( A~ferna~c)
The India Cements Ltd, Madras
PHRI
K1 A. SUBRAMANIAM
SHRI P. S. RAMACEANDRAN ( Alfcrnate )
Works
Department,
Government
01
S u P E n I N T E N D I N o ENGINEER Public
( DIXU~NS )
Tamil Nadu, Madras
EXECUTIVE RNOINEER ( SM & R
DIVISION ) ( Alrarnaf~)
SHRI L. SWAROOP
Orissa Cement Ltd, New Delhi

SHRI (3. RAYAN,

Director ( Civ Engg )

Director

General,

IS1 ( Ex-o$icio Mcrnber )

Secretory
SARI M. N. NE~LAKANDHAN
Assistant Director ( Civ Engg ), IS1

( Confinasd on page 21 )

IS 8 10262- 1912

Indian Standard
RECOMMENDED GUIDELINES FOR
CONCRETE MIX DESIGN
0. FOREWORD
0.1 This Indian Standard
was adopted by the Indian Standards
Institution
on 30 July 1982, after the draft finalized
by the Cement and Concrete
Sectional Committee
had been approved by the Civil Engineering
Division
Council.
0.2 Considerable
need has been felt for formulating
standard
recommendThe need has
ations for guidelines
on proportioning
of concrete mixes.
been further emphasized
by the importance
given to design mix concrete
Having recognized
this need, Cement and
according
to IS : 456-1978*.
Concrete Sectional Committee
decided to evolve a standard recommended
guidelines for concrete mix design.
043 The proportioning
of concrete mixes consists of determination
of the
quantities
of respective ingredients
necessary
to produce concrete
having
adequate,
but not excessive, workability
and strength for the particular
loading
and durability
for the exposure
to which it will be subjected.
Emphasis is laid on making the most economical
use of available materials
so as to produce concrete of the required attributes
at the minimum
cost,
0.4 Concrete has to be of satisfactory quality in both the fresh and hardened
states.
The task of proportioning
concrete mixes is accomplished
by the
use of certain
established
relationships
which afford reasonably
accurate
guidance for selecting the best combination
of ingredients
so as to achieve
the desirable properties
of the fresh and hardened
concrete.
Out of all the
physical characteristics
of concrete, compressive
strength is often taken as
an index of its quality in terms of durability,
impermeability
and waterTherefore,
the mix design is generally
tightness and is easily measurable.
carried out for a particular
compressive
strength of concrete, coupled with
adequate
workability,
so that the fresh concrete
can be properly
placed
In addition,
the mix proportions
are also checked against
and compacted.
the requirements
of adequate durability
for the type of exposure condition
anticipated
in service.
*Code of practice

for plain and reinforced

concrete

( bird mision ).

IS : 10262 - 1982
0.5 The basic assumption
made in mix design is that the comprrssive
strength
of workable
concrete is, by and large, governed
by the waterAnother most convenient
relationship
applicable
to normal
cement ratio.
concretes is that for a given type, shape, size and grading
of aggregates,
the amount
of water determines
its workability.
However,
there are
various other factors which affect the properties
of concrete,
for example,
the quality and quantity
of cement, water and aggregates;
batching;
transportation;
placing; compaction;
curing; etc. Therefore,
the specific relationships that are used in proportioning
concrete
mixes should be considered
only as a basis for trial,, subject to modifications
in the light of experience
as well as for the particular
materials
used at the site in each case.
0.6 This standard
does not debar
methods of mix design.
0.7 For
standard
sing the
with IS
off value

the

adoption

of any

other

accepted

the purpose of deciding whether a particular

requirement
of this
is complied with, the final value, observed or calculated,
expresresult of a test or analysis,
shall be rounded
off in accordance
: 2-1960. The number of significant
places retained in the rounded
should be the same as that of the specified value in this standard.

1. SCOPE
1.1 This standard
lays down the recommended
procedure
for desi.gning
concrete
mixes for general
types of construction
using the concreting
materials
normally
available.
The design is carried out for a desired
compressive
strength and workability
of concrete, using continuously
graded
aggregates.
This standard
does not include the design of concrete mixes
for flexural strength or when gap-graded
aggregates
or various admixtures
and pozzolana
are to be used.
1.2 All requirements
of IS : 456-1978t
and IS : 1343-1980:,
they apply, shall be deemed
to form part of this standard
otherwise
laid down in this standard.
2. DATA

in so far as
except where

FOR MIX DESIGN

2.1 The following

concrete mix:

basic data

are required

to be specified

for design

of a

a) Characteristic
compressive
strength ( that is, below which only a
specified proportion
of test results are allowed to fall ) of concrete
at 28 days (fck ),
b) Degree of workability
desired,
*Rules for rounding off numerical values ( raGed).
*Code of practice for plain and reinforced concrete ( third r&ion
#Code of practice for prestressed concrete (jr~t reoision ).

).

c) Limitations on the water-cement ratio and the minimum cemcn~

c&tent to eusure adequate durabiJity (GM Appeadii A OS
IS : 456.1978+ ),
d) Type and maximum size of aggregate to be used, and
e) Standard deviation ( s ) of compressive strength of concrete.
NOTE - Standard deviation of concrete of each grade shall be determined separately accor&ing ta IS : 4561978e.
When, results of sufficiaat number of teats (at
least 30) are not available, then, depending upon the degree of quality control
expected to be exercised at .the site, the value of standard deviation given in Table 1
may be adopted for guidance,

GRADE OB

CONCRsra?

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

M 10
M 15
M 20
,M 25
M 30
M 35
M 40
M 45
M50
M 55
a4603

2.0

2.3
3.5
4-6
5.3
6.0
6.3
6.6
7.Q
7.4
7-7
7.8

3.3
4.5
5.6
6.3
7-O
7.3
7.6
8*0
8.4
a-7
a.8

2.5
3.6
4.3
5.0
5.3
5.6
6-O
6.4
67
6%?

NOTE - Appendix
control to be expected,
the construction site.

A provides guidance regarding the different degrees ofquaIity

depending upon the infrastructure
and practices adopted at

8.2 Target Strength for IHis Deei

- In order that not more than the
specified proportion of test results are likely to fall below the charactz&tic
strength,
the concrete
mix has to be designed
for a sornewkat
higher target
average compressive strength (fok ). The margin over the characterirtic
strength depends upon the quality control (expressed by the stlodrad
*Code of practice

for plain and reinforced

concrete

( &rd rrnL&o~),

IS I lo262 - 1982
deviation ) and the accepted proportion of results of strength
the characteristic strength (for ), given by the relation:
%k

tests

Wow

-fcr + t x J

where

f\k = target average compressive strength at 28 days,

f ek=

characteristic

s - standard

compressive strength at 28 days,

deviation,

and

t = a statistic, depending

upon the accepted proportion of low

results and the number of tests; for large number of tests,
the value of c is given in Table 2.

to IS : 456-1978*
and IS : 134%1980t,
the characteristic
NOTE -According
strength isdefined
as that value below which not more than 5 percent ( 1 in 20 )
results are expected to fall.
In such case, the above equation will reduce to:
r-

-fos

+ 1.65 8

TABLE 2 VALUES

OF I

( cIou.se 2.2 )
f

ACOE~TED PROPORTION
OF Low REWJLTS

3. SELECTION

1 in 5

0.84

1 in 10

1.28

1 in 15

150

1 in 20

165

1 in40

1.86

1 in 100

233

OF MIX PROPORTIONS

3.1 Selection of Water Cement Ratio- Since different cements and

aggregates of different maximtim size, grading, surface texture, shape and
other characteristics
may produce secretes
of different compressive
strength for the same free water-cement ratio, the relationship between
stren,ath and free w-cter-cement ratio should preferably be established for
the materials actually to br; used. in the absence of such data, the preliminary free water-cement ratio ( by mass ) corresponding
to the target
strength at 28 days may be selected from the relationships shown in Fig. 1.
*Code
t&de

of practice
of practice

for plain and reinforced

for prestressed concrete

concrete ( third reuision ),

(Jrsf rerki~ I-

0.30

0.35

040

045

0.50

0.60

WATER-CEMENT RATIO
Fm. 1

GENERALISED RELATION BETWEEN FREEWATER-CEMENT

RATIO AND COMPRESSIVESTREN&H OF CONCRETE

3.1.1 Alternately, the preliminary free water-cement ratio (by mass )

corresponding to the target average strength ,may be selected from the
relationships shown in Fig. 2 using the curve corresponding to the 28 days
cement strength to be used for the purpose.
NOTE -The
method described in A pendix B involving determination of compressive strength of concrete cubes cureB by accelerated method, may be uaed for

rapid estimation of free water-cement

ratio.

3.1.2 The free water-cement ratio selected according to 3.1 or 3.1.1

should be checked against the limiting water-cemeat ratio for the requirements of durability, and the iowcr of the two values adopted.
7

0.30

0.35

0-m

O.&S
WATER-CEMENT

MY

~m&of
d =
B=
C9 E =
F -

om

045

RATIO

cnrmt,TMod Aucsrsfh 40 a : 4&v-1968

31*9-36.8 N/ntm~ ( 325-515tgpma )

36.8-41.7 .N/mtri* ( 3B425 kg/~&)
4J*7-466 N/mm8 ( 425-475 kg/cd J
G,EJ15 N/rnmr ( 4%!i& kg~czn~)
51*5-56.4 N/md ( &?5&54/.zd
)
%X-61*3 N/mm% ( 575-625 kgjcmr )

0.60

0.65

IS I 10262 - 1982
3.2 astirnation

to be expected

of Air Content

in normal
TABLE

amount of entrapped
air
) concrete is given in Table 3.

APPROXIMATE

NOMINAL MAXIMUX
OF AQQREQATE
mm

3.3 Selection

-Approximate

( non-air-entrained

SIZE

AIR CONTENT

ENTRAPPPDAIR,A~PEXCENTAOE
OB VOLuMEQFCO?UXETE

10

3.0

20

2.0

40

1.0

of Water

Content

and Pine to Total

Aggregate

Ratio

3.3.1 For the desired workability,

the quantity
of mixing water per unit
volume of concrete and the ratio of fine aggregate
to total aggregate
by
absolute volume are to be estimated
from Tables 4 or 3 as applicable,
depending
upon the nominal maximum
size and type of aggregates.
TABLE

APPROXIMATE
SAND AND WATER CONTENTS
PER CUBIC
METRE
OF CONCRETE
FOR GRADES UPTO M 35

NOMINAL MAXI~IUM
SIZEOF AQDREQATE
mm

WATERCONTENT*,PER
CUBIC METIIP: OB CO~CIIETE
kg

SANI)

As

hIICRNT

40

10

208

20

186

35

40

I65

30

*Water content corresponding to saturated surface dry aggregate.

TABLE

APPROXIMATE
SAND
METRE
OF CONCRETE

AND WATER CONTENTS

PER CUBIC
FOR GRADES
ABOVE M 35

( Clanscs 3.3.1, 3.3.3,3.3.4

NOMINAL MAXK+UJM
SIZEOFAQQREQATE
mm

*Water

and Table 6 )

WATERCONTENT',
PEP.
CUBIC METREOFCONCRETE
k

SAND AB PERCENTOF
TOTALAOGREQATEBY
ABSOLUTE VOLUME

10

200

28

20

180

25

content

corresponding

Or

TO'I'ALi\nc1cvonwX BY
ABSOI~U~FIXVOLUME

to saturared surface dry aggregate.

IS : 10262 - 1982

3.3.2 Iablc .I, is to be used fc.rr concretes

on the followin~ conditions:
( angular)

Crushed
1970*,

b)

Fine aggregate consisting of natural sand

zone 11 of Table 4 of IS : 383-1970*,

4
d)

Water-cement

ratio

aggregate,

up to M 35 and is Lvsed

a)

Workability

coarse

grade

( angular

conforming

g to compacting

) coarse

factor

of grades

aggregate

c) Water-cement

ratio

to grading

of 0.80.

above

conforming

b) Fine aggregate
consisting of natural sand
zone II of Table 4 of IS : 383-lQiU*,
d) Workability

IS : 383-

to

of 0 6 ( by mass ), and

correspondin

3.3.3 Table 5 is to be used for concretes

based on the following conditions:

a) Crushed
1970*,

conforming

M 35 and

IS : 383-

to

conforming

is

to grading

of 0 35 ( by mass ), and

corresponding

to compacting

factor

of 0.80.

3.3.4 For other conditions

of workability,
water-cement
ratio, grading
of fine aggregate,
and for rounded aggregates,
cet tain adjustments
in the
quantity
of mixing water and fine to total aggregate ratio given in Tables 4
and 5 are to be made, according
to Table 6.
NOTE - Aggregates should be used in saturated surface dry ( SSD ) condition.
If otherwise, when computing the requirement of mixing water, allowance shall be
made for the free ( surface ) moisture contributed by the fine and coarse aggregates.
The amount of mixing watt=r obtnincd from Tables 4 and 5 shall be reduced by an
amount equal to the free moisture contributed by the coarse and fine aggregates.
On the other hand, if the aggregates are dry, the amount of mixing water should be
increased by an amount equal to the moisture likely to be absorbed by the aggregates.
The surface water and percent watrr absorption of aggregates shall be determined according to IS : 2386 ( Part III )-19631.

3.4 Calculation
of Cement
Content - The cement
content
per unit
volume of concrete may be calculatrd
from the free water-cement
ratio
( see 3.1 and 3.1.1 ) and the quantity
of water per unit volume of concrete
( scle 3.3.1 ).
The cement
content
so calculated
shall
minimum
cement content
for the requirements
greater of the two values adopted
YSpecification

for coarse and fine aggregates

revision ) .
+Methods of test for aggregates

absorption

and bulking.

for concrete

be checked
against
of durability
and

from natural

sources for concrete

the
the

( second

: Part III Specific gravity, density, voids,

lS:10262c,TABLE

ADJUSTMENT
OF VALUES
IN WATER CONTENT
SAND PERCENTAGE
FOR OTHER CONDITIONS
( Clauses 3.3.4

CHANGE

IN CONDITION
FOR TABLES~

STIPULATED
5

AND

1982

AND

and 4.1 )

ADJUSTMENT
~--_--_----h_---__-__-~
Water Content

REQUIRED

IN

Percent, Sand in Total

Aggregate

(1)

(2)

(3)

For sand conforming

to grading
Zone I, Zone III or Zone IV 01
Table 4 of IS : 383-1970*

+ 1.5 percent for Zone I

- l-5 percent for Zone III
- 3.0 percent for Zone IV

rfr 3 percent

Increase or decrease in the value of

compacting factor by 0.1
Each 0.05 increase
free water-cement
For rounded

or decrease
ratio

in

aggregate

*Specification

1 percent

- 15 kg/m3

7 percent

for coarse and fine aggregates

from natural sources for concrete

( second

ii?vision ).

3.5 Calculation

of Aggregate

Content

3.5.1 With the quantities

of water and cement per unit volume of concrete and the ratio of fine to total aggregate
already determined,
the total
aggregate
content per unit volume of concrete may be calculated
from the
following equations:

where
V = absolute
volume

w=

volume of fresh concrete, which is equal to gross

( ms ) minus the volume of entrapped
air,
mass of water ( kg ) per ms of concrete,

C= mass of cement

so-

specific gravity

( kg ) per ma of concrete,
of cement,

P = ratio of fine aggregate

89

to total aggregate
by absolute
volume,
and coarse aggregate
( kg )
Ca a total masses of fine aggregate
per ms of concrete respectively,
and
specific gravities of saturated surface dry fine aggregate and
coarse aggregate respectively.

Siarsea
-

11

IS : 10262 - 1982
3.6 Combination

of Different
Coarse
Aggregate
Fractions -;,The
coarse aggregate used should conform
to IS : 383-1970*.
Coarse aggregates of different sizes should be combined in suitable proportions
so as to
result in an overall grading conforming
to Table 2 of IS : 383-1950* for
the particular
nominal maximum
size of aggregate.

3.7 Calculation of Batch Masses - The masses of the various

for concrete of a particular
batch size may be calculated.
3.8 An illustrative
4. TRIAL

example

of concrete

mix design

is given

ingredients

in Appendix

C.

MIXES

4.1 The

calculated
mix proportions
shall be checked by means of trial
batches.
Quantities
of materials worked out in accordance
with 3.1 to 3.7
shall comprise Trial Mix No. 1. The quantity
of materials
for each trial
shall be sufficient for at least three 150 mm size cube concrete specimens
and concrete required to carry out workability
test according to IS : 119919597.
Workability
of the Trial Mix No. 1 shall be measured. The mix shall
be carefully observed for freedom from segregation
and bleeding
and its
If the measured
workability
of Trial Mix No. 1 is
finishing properties.
different
from the stipulated
value, the water content shall be adjusted
according
to Table 6 corresponding
to the required change in compacting
With this adjusted water content,
the mix proportions
shall be
factor.
recalculated
keeping the free water-cement
ratio at the pre-selected
value
two more Trial Mixes
which will comprise Trial Mix No. 2. In addition,
No. 3 and 4 shall be made with the water content same as Trial Mix No. 2
and varying the free water cement ratio by f 10 percent of the pre-selected
value.
For these two additional
Trial Mixes No. 3 and 4, the mix proportions are to be recalculated
for the altered condition
of free water-cement
ratio with suitable adjustments
in accordance
with Table 6.
The procedure
for trial mixes is explained
by an illustrative
example
in Appendix
D, where the starting mix is arrived at according
to 3. Mix
No. 2 to 4 normally
provides sufficient information,
including the relationship between compressive
strength
and water-cement
ratio, from which
the mix proportions
for field trials may be arrived at.
Using the relationship so obtained between the compressive
strength and water-cement
ratio,
any change needed in the water-cement
ratio to get the required
target
compressive
strength may be easily obtained.
The concrete mix proportions
shall, however, be recalculated
for this changed water-cement
ratio, taking
*Specification for coarse and fine aggregates from natural
( iwond revision ).
tMethods of sampling and analyak of concrete.
12

sources for concrete

fS t 10262 -1982
the water content same as that determined in Trial Mix No. 2. If the
size and special requirement of the work so warrant, the trial may be
extended to cover larger ranges of mix proportions as well as othrr variables, such as alternative sources of aggregates, maximum sizes and grading
of aggregates, and different types and brands of cements.

APPENDIX

( Note Below Table 1 )

DEGREE

OF QUALITY
DIFFERENT

CONTROL
EXPECTED
SITE CONDITIONS

UNDER

Conditions of Production

Degree of Control
Very good

Fresh cement from single source and regular tests, weighbatching of all materials, aggregates supplied in single
sizes, control of aggregate grading and moisture content,
control of water added, frequent supervision, regular
workabil,ity and strength tests, and field laboratory
facilities.

Good

Carefully
stored cement and periodic tests, weighbatching of all materials,
controlled
water, graded
aggregate supplied, occasional grading and moisture tests,
periodic check of workability and strength, intermittent
supervision, and experienced workers.
.

Fair

Proper storage
gates allowing
cement, water
and occasional

of cement, volume batching of all aggrefor bulking of sand, weigh-batching

of
content controlled by inspection of mix,
supervision and tests.

IS I 10262 - 1982

APPENDIX

( Clawe 3.1.1 )
METHOD OF RAPID ESTIMATION OF WATERCEMENT RATIO
B-l. Use of Fig. 2 will necessitate testing of the cement for its 28 day comand another 28 days are
pressive strength
according
to IS : 4031-1968*
needed
to obtain the compressive
strength
of concrete according
to the
As an alternative,
a rapid method of concrete mix design
trial mixes.
The procedure
which will take only 3 days for trials is described
in B-2.
is based on the use of accelerated
curing ( boiling water ) method for determination
of compressive
strength of concrete according
to IS : 9013-19787.
B-2. PROCEDURE

B-2.1 Determine

the accelerated
strength
( boiling water method ) of a
reference concrete mix having water-cement
ratio c 0.35 and workability ( compacting
factor ) c 0.80 with the cement proposed to be used,
The nominal maximum
size of aggregate
of
on 150 mm cube specimens,
the c reference concrete shall be 10 mm and fine aggregate used shail cotiform to Zone II of Table 4 of IS : 383-1970f.
B-2.2 Corresponding
cement ratio for the
Fig. 3.

to this accelerated
strength,
determine
required
target strength
of the concrete

B-2.3 Work out the remaining

check the workability

mix proportions
of the trial mix.

according

the watermix from

to 3.2 to 3.7 and

B-2.4 Determine
the accelerated
compressive
strength
of the trial mix
( boiling water method ) and estimate the 28 day compressive
strength
with the help of correlations
between .accelerated and 28 day strengths
of
concrete, of the type of Fig. 2 of IS : 9013-1978t.

-*Methods of physical tests for hydraulic cement.

TMethods of making, curing and determining
compressive
strength of acceleratedaxed concrete test specimens.
SSpecificatioo
for coarse and fine aggregates
from natural sources for concrete
( sscond rmisim ) .

14

18-: 10262- 1982

0.35

0.30

O-40

0.45

0.50

WATER-CEMENT

0*55

O-60

0.

AAllC

Accelerated Strength ( Tested According to IS : 9013-1978 ) of Reference Mix

A = 12*3-15.2 N/mmS ( 125.155 kg/cmS )

B = 15.2-18-l N/mti
( 155-185 kg/cm*
C = 18.1-21-l N/mmS ( 185-215 kg/cmS
D = 21.1-24-O N/mmS ( 215 245 kg/cm
E = 2&O-27*0 N/mms
( 245-275 kgjcmS
F = 27-O-29.9 N/mmS ( 275-305 kg/cmS

)
)
)
)
)

RELATXONBETWEEN FREE WATER-CEMENT RATIO AND

COMPRESSIVE
STRENGTHOF CONCRETEFORDIFFERENTCEMENT
STRXNQTHS
DETERMINEDON REFERENCECONCKBTEMIXES
( ACC;TJX.RATED
TEST-BOILINGWATER METUOD )

FIG. 3

15

KS : 16262 -

l!MJ2
APPENDIX

( Clause 3.8 )
ILLUSTRATIVE
C-O. An example
is given below:

EXAMPLE ON CONCRETE MIX DESIGN

illustrating

the mix design

for a concrete

of M 20 grade

C-l. DESIGN STIPULATIONS

Characteristic
compressive
strength
red in the field at 28 days
Maximum
size of aggregate

b)
Cl Degree

of workability

d)

of quality

Degree

e) Type

requi-

20 N/mms
20 mm ( angular)
0.90 compacting
factor
Good

control

Mild

of exposure

C-2. TEST DATA FOR MATERIALS

Portland
cement
a) Cement used -ordinary
satisfying the requirements
of IS : 269-1976*
b)

Specific

gravity

3.15

of cement

c) Specific gravity
1) Coarse aggregate
2) Fine aggregate

2.60
2.60

d) Water absorption
1) Coarse aggregate
2) Fine aggregate

0.5 percent
1 *Opercent

e) Free ( surface ) moisture

1) Coarse aggregate

Nil ( absorbed
moisture
also
nil )
2.0 percent

2) Fine aggregate
f)

Sieve analysis
1) Coarse aggregate

#Specjfication

for ordinary

and low heat Portland

16

cement

( third reoision )4

IS t 10262- 1982

IS Sieve

Percentage of D$rent
Fractions
h-_----_~
c-------

Analvris of Coarse
Agpegute Fraction
( Percent Passing )
I
II

Sizes

mm

20
10
4.75
2.36

100
0

2) Fine

100
71.20
9.40
0

II
40 per\cent

100 percent
Conforming
to Table 2
of IS : 3831970*

100
28.5
37

40
28.5
3.7

Remark

Fine Aggregate
( Percent Passing )

4.75 mm

100

2.36 mm

100

1.18 mm

93

600 micron
300 micron

60

Conforming
to grading
Zone III of Table 4 of
IS : 383- 1970*

12

150 micron
TARGET

Combined

I
60 percent
60
0

Aggregate

IS Sieve Sizes

C-3.

Remark

MEAN

2
STRENGTH

OF CONCRETE

C-3.1 For a tolerance factor of 1.65 and using Table

1, the target mean
strength for the specified characteristic
cube strength is 20 + 4.6 x 1.65 27.6 N/mm:.
C-4. SELECTION

OF WATER

CEMENT

RATIO

C-4.1 From Fig 1, the free water-cement

ratio required
for the target
mean strength of 27.6 N/mm* is 0.50.
This is lower than the maximum
value of 0.65 prescribed
for Mild exposure in Appendix A of IS : 4561978t.
C-5.

SELECTION

OF WATER

AND SAND CONTENT

C-5.1 From Table

4, for 20 mm nominal
maximum
size aggregate
and
sand conforming
to grading
Zone II, water content
per cubic metre of
concrete = 186 kg and sand content
as percentage
of total aggregate
by
absolute volume = 35 percent.
(

*Specification for coarse and fine aggregatea

secondrcvisivn ) .
Wade

of practice

for plain

ad

reinforced

17

from

conctete

natural

( tid

sources

revSen ).

for

concrete

IS I 10262- 1982
For change in values in water-cement
sand belonging
to Zone III, the following
Change in Condition
( RPf Table 6 )

ratio, compacting
factor
adjustment
is required:
Adjustment Required in
r--__---h--__---_-~

Water Content
Percent
For decrease in water-cement
ratio
by (0.60 - 0.50 ) that is 0.1
For increase
in compacting
( O-9 - 0.8 ) that is 0.10

Required

factor

content

C-6. DETERMINATION
Water

0
0

+ 3 percent

OF CEMENT
ratio

of total

186 x 3
loo= 106 + 5.58 =

186 +

cement

2.0

f3

required sand content as percentage

- 35 - 3.5 = 31.5 percent

water

Percentage
Sand in Total
Aggregate

For sand conforming

to Zone III of
Table 4 of IS : 383-1970
Total
Therefore,
absolute volume

and

1.5

3.5

aggregate

by

191.6 l/ms

CONTENT

= 0.50

Water

191.6 1

191.6
= -5 383 kglms
0.50
content is adequate for mild exposure condition,
A of IS : 456-1978*.

Cement
This cement
ding to Appendix
C-7.

DETERMINATION
CONTENT

OF COARSE

AND FINE

accor-

AGGREGATE

C-7.1 From Table 3, for the specified

maximum
size of aggregate
of
20 mm, the amount
of entrapped
air in the wet concrete is 2 percent.
Taking this into account and applying equations from 3.5.1,

and 0.98 ms pi
orfa

191.6 +

= 546 kg/ms,

c, =

A.
0.683

>
2.60

x -!1000

and

1 187 kg/ma

Code of practice for.plain and reinforced concrete (third mision ).

18

IS : 10262 - 1982
The mix proportion

then becomes:

Water

Cement

191.6 1

383 kg

or 0.50

Fine Aggregate

Coarse Aggregate

546 kg

1187 kg

1.42

3.09

C-S. ACTUAL QUANTITIES

OF CEMENT

REQUIRED

FOR THE MIX PER BAG

C-8.1 The mix is 0.50 : 1 : 1.42 : 3.09 ( by mass ).

the quantity of materials are worked out as below:

For 50 kg of cement,

a) Cement = 50 kg
b) Sand

= 710kg

c) Coarse aggregate

= 154.5 kg ( Fraction I = 92.7 kg,

fraction II c 61.8 kg )

d) Water
1) For water-cement
of water

ratio of 0.50 quantity

= 25.0 litres

2) Extra quantity of water to be added for = ( + )0*77 1

absorption in case of coarse aggregate, at 0.5 percent by mass
3) Quantity of water to be deducted for = ( free moisture present in sand, at 2 percent by mass
4) Actual quantity

of water to be added

) 1.42 1

= 25.0 + 0.77 -

1.42

= 24.35 1
e) Actual quantity of sand required
allowing for mass of free moisture

after

= 71 *O + 1.42
-

72.42 kg

f) Actual quantity of coarse aggregate required:

1) Fraction I - 92.7 - 0.46 = 92.24 kg
2) Fraction II = 61.8 - 0.3 1 = 61.49 kg
Therefore,
the mix are:

the actual quantities

Coarse aggregate:

of different constituents

Water
:
Cement :
Sand
:
Fraction I
Fraction II

24.35 kg
50.00 kg
72*42 kg
c 92.24 kg
= 61.49 kg

19

required for

ISr10262.1982

APPENDIX

( Clause 4.1 )
DETAILS

OF TRIAL

MIX

D-I. A typical test programme

to establish concrete
making
materials obtained
from the site of construction
by means
trials is given below:

properties
of
of laboratory

Mix No. 1 ( derived according

to procedure given in 3 ) consists
of the calculated
hatch quantities
required per ms of concrete.
Since
in actual trial, the mix did not have the desired workability
of 0.90
in terms of compacting
factor, and the mix was undersanded
with
31 5 percent sand, adjustments
in water and sand contents have been
made in subsequent
Mix No. 2. Mix No. 3 and 4 have higher and
lower water-cement
ratio than Mix No. 2 ( by -& 10 percent ), but
the water content is held constant.
Details of the four trial mixes
and observations
on the mixes are given in Table 7.
TABLE 7
No.

.-A

p---m-----

Water

Cement

(1
1.

2.

(2)

(3)

kg

383
191.6
( W/C = 0.50 )
394.6
( W/C+

3.

358.7
( W/C*

4.

TYPICAL TEST RESULTS OF TRIAL MIXES

QUANTITIES OB MATERIAB PEE CUBIO

METRE 0~ Concn~~~

Mm

(5)

CHARACTERIBTIOB
Visual
Observation
fob!,

(8)

(6)

28-day
Compressive
Strength

(9)
N/mm%

kg

kg

kg

i53Y5

712

475

0.80

undersanded

687

458

0.9i

Cohesive

28.8

688

459

0 90

Cohesive

26.0

682

455

0.89

Cohesive

31.2

percent

564
( 33

197.3

591

= 0.55 )

Coarse
Aggregate Type
I-----?
I
II

(4)

197.3

= 0.50 )

percent

( 34

percent )

438.4
197.3
( w/c* - 0.45 )
*Water-cement

----------y

Sand

CONCRBTE
_--)L--Workability
in Terms of
Compacting
Factor

535
( 32

percent

ratio.

20

IS:10262-1982
Costiwedfroti

page 2 )

Concrete Subcommittee,

Repesentin,o

Members
c. R. ALIMCHANDANI
SHRI
M. C. TANUON (Alternate )
D E P u T Y DIIUXT~I~, STANDARDS
kRI

(B&S)

BDC 2 : 2

Stup Consultants

Lrd, Bomtay

Designs and Standards Organization

Research,
( Ministry of Railways ), Lucknow

DIRECTOR,
STAN~AI~DS ( M/C ) ( Alternate )
Engineering Research Laboratories, Hyderabad
DIRECTOR
Central Water Commission,
New Delhi
DIRECTOR
(C & MDD)
DEPUTY DIRECTOR ( C & MDD )
( Alternate )
The Concrete Association of India, Bombay
SHRI T. A. E. DSA
SHIU N. C. DUQQAL ( Alternate )
Public Works and Housing Department,
Bombay
SHRI M. P. GAJAPATHY RAO
Structural Engineering Research Centre
(CSIR),
Ssxz V. K. GHANEEA~
Roorkee
Engineer-in-Chiefs
Branch, Army Headquarters,
SHRI V. Ii. GUPTA
New Delhi
SHRI D. K. DINKAR ( Alternafe )
Associated Consulting Services, Bombay
SARI J. S.. HINQO~ANI
SEIRI A. P. REX~EDIOS(Alternate)
The Associated
Cement Companies
Ltd, Bombay
SHRI P. J. JAGUS
SHIU M. I<. VJNAYA~A (Altcrnatc 1
SHRI K. c. KAnAMoilANnANr
Engineers India Ltd, New Delhi
SRRI N. K. G~PTA ( Alternate )
National Buildings Organization,
Ntw Deihi
SllRI K. K. KIIANNA
SHRI K. S. SXINIVASAN (Alkmat~ )
Hindustan Prefab Ltd, New Delhi
SHRI G. K. MAJUMDAR
SIIRI hi. KUNDU ( AlterflUte)
The Hindustan Construction Co Ltd, Bombay
SURI P. V. NAIK
SHRI V. M. MAD~E ( Alternate )
In personal capacity ( Ramonolq~a II First Crescent
SHRI K. K. NAMBIAR
Park Roan, Gandhinogar, Adyar, Madras )
Central Road Research Institute (CSIK),
New
SURI Y. R. PnnLL
Delhi
SHRI M. R. CHATTERJEE ( Aifernote )
StrugayJaingineering
Research Centre (CSIR),
SARI A. S. PRASADA RAO
ASSISTANT

DR S. S. RE~SI

Cent;iador~,lding

Research

Institute

( CSIR ),

Snar B. S. GUPTA ( Alternate )

Gammon India Ltd, Bombay
SIIRI G. P. SAIIA
Roads Wing, Ministry of Shipping and Transport
SHR~ S. SEET~A~AM.~~
Slrnx PRAFU~.LA KUMAR ( Alternate )
Central Public Works Department, New Delhi
SUPENINTEN~IN~EN~INEER
( DESIGNS )
EXECUTIVE
ENQINEER
DR H (,~~~pNEd,b~~~~lt~~t~
)
Cement Research Institute of India, New Delhi
Drs di. K. MIJLLICX { Alternate )

21

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