Grouting

Defined as the injection of a special liquid

or slurry material called grout into the
ground for the purpose of improving the
soil or rock
Types of grouts
Cementitious grouts
Chemical grouts(fine sand and silts)

OBJECTIVES OF GROUTING
It is used in foundation works before
construction to increase bearing capacity
To get the ground surface more stronger
Grouting fills the empty spaces present
below the ground surface
It produces less permeable soil
Seepage pressure is eliminated

PRINCIPLE OF GROUTING
The principle involved in grouting is to
introduce grout materials in to the soil
either by pumping of injecting of fluidized
materials using small diameter tube

TYPES OF GROUTING
Grouting methods may be classified in to 5
categories
1.Intrusion grouting
2.Compaction grouting
3.Permeation grouting
4.Jet grouting
5.Electro grouting

Grouting methods
Intrusion grouting

Consists of filling joints or fractures with grout

Primary benefit is reduction in permeability of rock
Used to prepare foundation and abutments for dams
Usually done using cementitious grouts

Permeation grouting

Injection of thin grouts into the soil

Once the soil cures, becomes a solid mass of impermeable
Done using chemical grouts
Used to stabilise the soil before excavation

Grouting methods
Compaction grouting
Thin grout injected at high
pressure.It is applicable for
cohesionless soils.The main
effect of grout is to compact
the soil
Used to repair structures that
have excessive settlement

Grouting methods
Jet grouting
Developed in Japan
Uses a special pipe with horizontal jets that inject grout
into the ground at high pressures
Jet grouting is an erosion/replacement system that creates
an engineered, in situ soil/cement product known as
Soilcretesm. Effective across the widest range of soil types,
and capable of being performed around subsurface
obstructions and in confined spaces, jet grouting is a
versatile and valuable tool for soft soil stabilization,
underpinning, excavation support and groundwater control.

GROUTING METHODS
Electro grouting:
In electro grouting method electro osmosis process
takes place by the addition of chemicals such as
calcium chloride or sodium silicate.
When electric current is applied the chemicals
starts flowing in the opposite direction i.e at
cathode
Here anode acts as grout injection pipe