Morfologi dan Struktur Sel

Bakteri
Drh. Rahmat Hidayat Harahap, M.Si
Bagian Mikrobiologi Medik
FKH IPB
2 Maret 2009

Topik Bahasan

Morfologi Sel
Ukuran Sel
Dinding Sel
Kapsul, Flagella, Pili dan Fimbria
Struktur di dalam Dinding Sel

Gambaran Umum

a typical bacterial cell illustrating

structural components

Morfologi Sel

Kokus (bulat)
Basil (batang)
Spirilum (spiral)
Filamen
Bentuk koma
Bentuk helikal

Ukuran dan Dinding Sel

Ukuran : Diameter 0,2-2,0 um

Panjang 2,0-8,0 um
Lapisan dinding bersifat kaku
Fungsi : pelindung, bentuk

Beda Gram Positif vs Negatif

Property

Gram-positive

Gram-negative

Thickness of wall

thick (20-80 nm)

thin (10 nm)

Number of layers

Peptidoglycan (murein) content >50%

10-20%

Teichoic acids in wall

present

absent

Lipid and lipoprotein content

0-3%

58%

Protein content

9%

Lipopolysaccharide content

13%

Sensitivity to Penicillin G

yes

no or low

Sensitivity to lysozyme

yes

no or low

Structure of the Gram-positive bacterial cell

wall

Dinding Sel

Structure of the Gram-negative cell wall

Dinding Sel

Struktur di Luar Dinding

Kapsul dan Lapisan Lendir

Flagella
Fimbria dan Pili

Profiles of the cell envelope the Gram-positive and

Gram-negative bacteria

Bacterial capsules outlined by India ink

viewed by light microscopy

Kapsul

Flagella

Flagella are filamentous protein structures

attached to the cell surface that provide the
swimming movement for most motile
procaryotes
The diameter of a procaryotic flagellum is
about 20 nanometers

The ultrastructure of a bacterial

flagellum (after J. Adler)

Flagellar stains of three bacteria a. Bacillus cereus b.

Vibrio cholerae c. Bacillus brevis. (CDC)

Fimbria dan Pili

Lebih kecil, lebih pendek dan lebih banyak

dari flagella
Dilihat dengan mikroskop elektron
Pili mirip fimbria, tapi lebih panjang dan
jumlahnya lebih sedikit
Pilus F (pilus seks) gerbang masuk bahan
genetik selama konjugasi/perkawinan antar sel

Fimbriae (common pili) and flagella on

the surface of bacterial cells

Struktur di Dalam Dinding

Membran sitoplasma
Mesosom
Sitoplasma
Ribosom
Kromosom/struktur genetik
Spora