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Lessons Objectives

By the end of this lecture, students should be able to:

Analyze a poem

Identify the Figures of Speech

Write an analysis response of the poem

Differentiate between the different types of poetry

Identify the speaker in the poem (Narrative point of view)

Examine the themes that are contributed in the poem

What is Poetry?
Poetry is a literary work in which special intensity is given to the expression of
feelings and ideas by the use of distinctive styles. Its a quality of beauty and
Intensity of emotions regarded as characteristics of poems.
Besides, Poetry tends to differ from other literary works by its sound; its use of
language. Also, poetry is produced by two main elements of language:
Senses and Sounds.
The senses of words refer to their meanings and the sounds reflect the
Rhythm and the rhyme of the poem.

What are Figures of Speech?

Alliteration: a very common type of figures of speech that involves using words that begin with the same sound.
Example: Sally sells sea shells by the seashore. This sentence creates something catchy that readers will
understand immediately.

Irony: is a literals sense that shows what has been said. Through irony, poets are able to use specific words to
provide a meaning while literally meaning something else. Example: A fire Station burns down or the babys skin
is smooth as sand paper.

Metaphor: the use of metaphor compares two different things. Example: my heart is a lonely hunter. Both, the
heart and hunter are strong.

Simile: two things are compared to each other by using words, such as Like or as. Example: Life is like a box
of chocolates; you never know what you will get.

Personification: This figure of speech gives an inanimate object, the qualities of living things. Example: the sun
smiled down on her.

Pun: Playing on words by using different senses of the words or sounds that make up the words to create more
interesting meanings. Example: Time flies like an arrow.

Understatement: This figures of speech describes a situation in which objects or people seems to look less
important than they really are. Example:
An obese person is not too thin or the temperature is five degrees; its is a bit cold today.

Common Poetry styles

Lyric Poetry: consists of a poem, such as sonnets that express the poets
thoughts and feelings of the poet. It is commonly referred to as the words to
a song. The lyric poet addresses the readers directly by portraying his own or
her own feelings, state of mind, and perceptions.

Free Verse: is a form of poetry composed of either rhymed or unrhymed lines


that have no fixed metrical pattern. The free Verse allows the poets to
break the rigidity of traditional poetry.

Sonnets: Sonnets are lyric poems that are 14 lines long falling into three
coordinate quatrains and a concluding couplet.

Ballads: Are poems that tell a story similar to a folktale or legend. A ballad is
often about love story in a poetic form.

Quatrain poetry: Is a type or literary term of stanza that is made of four lines.
In a Quatrain poetry, lines 2 and 4 rhyme and line 1 and 3 might rhyme too.

Couplet Poetry: Is a stanza that consists of two lines. The syllables of couplet
poetry are of the same length and usually rhymes to form a complete
thought.

The difference between


Rhyme, Rhythm, and Meter
1.

Rhyme: is the correspondence of sounds between words or the endings of


words; the sound of words correspond to each other.

2.

Rhythm: is a strong, regular, and repeated pattern of movements or sounds in


a poem. The movements in the poem are a systemic arrangement of musical
sounds.

3.

Meter: is a rhythm established by a poem. It is usually dependent on the


number of syllables in line and on the way those syllables are accented. Meter
is often described as a pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables.

Vital Types of Meter

Iambic Pentameter: Is a metrical foot consisting of an unaccented


syllable followed by an accented syllables.

Pyrrhic Meter: Is a metrical unit consisting of two unstressed


syllables, in accentual-syllabic verse, or two short syllables in a
quantitative meter.

Quantitative Meter: Is a dominant metrical system in poetry in which


the rhythm in this kind of poetry, depends on the number of stresses
and the length of time it takes to write a line.

Stanzas and Syllables

Stanzas: are lines in a poetry called Syllables that are grouped into single units
and separated by one double-spaced break.

Syllables: Are lines written in a poem that are made of broken and unbroken
sounds and words.

Points of View
(Identify the Speaker)
A point of view is a reflection of the poets opinions concerning any issue, situation,
or experience.
Kinds of Point of Views:
A.

first person point of view: Involves the use of either one of the two
pronouns: I and we.

B. Second person point of view, employs only the pronoun you.


C. Third person point of view, uses pronouns like: He, she, it, and they.

Tone
A Tone in poetry is an attitude that an author or poet implies in the words.
Examples of familiar tone styles:

Disrespectful

Ironic

Loving

Mocking

Pitiful

Nostalgic

Happy

Fearful

Forceful

Fanciful

Emotional

Despairing

Poetry Analysis Tips


1.

Read the poem slowly

2.

Examine the title

3.

Highlight figures of speech

4.

Examine the tone, rhythm, and meter

5.

Identify the poems themes

6.

Identify the narratives point of view

7.

Determine the qualities and emotions that the poem evokes

8.

Identify the speaker, the setting, and the style that are included in the poem

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