Question 3 (Max = 25 marks)

A steel cylinder has a 160 mm internal diameter and a 200 mm outer diameter and is subjected to
an internal pressure of 50 MPa. The cylinder is of length 500 mm and has closed ends which are
free to move. Assume E = 200 x 109 MPa.
3.1 - Determine the radial ( r ) and tangential ( ) stress distributions and show the results on a
plot with an interpretation. (Hint: Draw up a table and calculate both stresses at intervals, and
plot in a graph) (13 Marks)
(a) Given:
ri 0.08m; ro 0.1m; P 50 MPa; l 0.5m E 200 x109 MPa

From the boundary conditions we have

At r 0.08m; r P 50 MPa

[1]

Using

r A

B
r2

and A

B
r2

[1]

Gives
50 106 A

0.08

and
0 A

0.1

Subtracting the two equations we have:

50 106

0.08

0.1

B 888.9 kN
and A 88.89 MPa

[1]
[1]

Thus:

r 88.89 106

888.9 103
r2

88.89 106

888.9 103
r2

and

[1]

[1]

r ( m)
r MPa

0.080
-50.0

0.085
-34.1

0.090
-20.8

0.095
-9.6

0.100
0

MPa

227

212

198

187

177

[1]

[1]

[1]

[1]

[1]

Marks

[5]

250
Hoop stress,
200
Tensile
150
100
50
0
25
Compressive
50

0.080

0.085

0.090

0.095

0.100m

[2]

Radial stress r

3.2 - Determine the maximum shear stress ( max ) in the cylinder. (2 Marks)

Maximum shear stress to occur on the inside surface:

r
max
2
227 50
max
2
max 138.5MPa

[1]

[1]

3.3 - Determine the axial stress ( z ). (5 Marks)

z ro2 ri 2 pi ri 2 0
z

pi ri 2
ro2 ri 2

50 MPa 0.082
z
0.12 0.082

z 88MPa

[5]

3.4 - When the cylinder is pressurized, the length was measured to have increased by 0.1 mm.
Determine Poissons Ratio ( v ). (5 Marks)

z
E

l z

r
l
E E
0.0001m 88 106
v

50 106 227 106

9
9
0.5m
200 10 200 10
v 0.27

[5]