OPS Consultancy and Training Ltd

Phone : +44 (0)161 643 2259

NEBOSH International / National General Certificate

GC 2 Element 2:
Transport Hazards and Risk Controls

GC2 Slide 1
January 2014

Learning Outcomes

Explain the hazards and control measures for the safe movement
of vehicles in the workplace
Outline the factors associated with driving at work that increase
the risk of an incident and the control measures to reduce workrelated driving risk

GC2 Slide 2
January 2014

Page 1

 OPS Consultancy and Training Ltd

Phone : +44 (0)161 643 2259

Safe Movement of vehicles

GC2 Slide 3
January 2014

Hazards in vehicle operations

typical hazards causing loss of control and overturning of vehicles

collisions with other vehicles, pedestrians and fixed objects
leaving and entering any working area
conditions and environments in which each hazard may arise

GC2 Slide 4
January 2014

Page 2

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Hazards in relation to vehicle movement

Driving too fast

Reversing
Silent Operation of machinery
Poor visibility

What factors can lead to loss of control or an overturning vehicle?

What factors can increase the risk of vehicle collisions?

GC2 Slide 5
January 2014

Non movement related hazards

Loading/unloading
Sheeting - slipping or tripping on the material or strappings and
ropes when climbing on the load, trimming the load when the level is
uneven or too high; spreading or unfolding the sheet over the load;
pulling the sheet tight; inadequate access to the body of the tipper
resulting in poor positioning of the worker; high winds creating a
sail-effect of the sheeting
Coupling
Vehicle maintenance work

GC2 Slide 6
January 2014

Page 3

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Phone : +44 (0)161 643 2259

Controls for the movement of vehicles

Control strategies: Eliminate the hazard, Create a safe place, create a
safe person.
Three components: Driver, vehicle, environment / journey
Risk assessment:
Types of vehicles being used
Types of operations and activities
Volumes and patterns of traffic the route and the journey
Conditions of the road
Weather conditions
Access and egress
Lighting
Physical segregation
Identify who is at risk i.e. pedestrians, drivers, passengers etc
GC2 Slide 7
January 2014

Control Measures
suitability and sufficiency of traffic routes
management of vehicle movements
environmental considerations
maintenance of vehicles
driver protection and restraint systems
means of segregating pedestrians and vehicles
measures to be taken when segregation is not practicable
protective measures for people and structures (barriers, marking
signs, warnings of vehicle approach and reversing)
site rules
selection and training of drivers
management systems for assuring driver competence including local
codes of practice
GC2 Slide 8
January 2014

Page 4

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Phone : +44 (0)161 643 2259

Control Measures
Control of risk by vehicle operations:
Safe Site
Safe Vehicles
Safe Drivers

GC2 Slide 9
January 2014

Controls for the movement of vehicles

Safe Site

Traffic Routes
Vehicles free zones
Pedestrian free zones
Physical segregation
Separate building entrances
Walkways and crossing points
Road surface
Avoid gradients
Signage
Lighting

Barriers
Speed limits
Good visibility
Reduce need for reversing:
Turning circles
One way systems
Use of banksmen

Identify control measure that can reduce the risk of accidents while
reversing a vehicle?
GC2 Slide 10
January 2014

Page 5

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Phone : +44 (0)161 643 2259

Control Measures
Safe Vehicle
Roll over protection Systems
Falling Object Protection Systems
Suitable for its intended use inc
environment
Driven by competent trained
persons
Fitted with seats for driver /
passengers

Pre-user checks
Maintained and Inspected
Visible aids mirrors /
cameras / lights
Horn
Audible reversing alarm
Beacon / flashing light

Outline areas of a vehicle where pre-user checks should be carried out before
use?

GC2 Slide 11
January 2014

Control Measures
Safe Driver

Selection
Supervision
Training, information and instruction
Medically fit

GC2 Slide 12
January 2014

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Controls of Loading and Unloading

Ensure the Safe Working load of the vehicle and equipment is not
breached
Adequate space
Ensure loads are secured and evenly distributed
Avoid overhangs
Ensure vehicle floor is suitable for the load
Ensure the vehicle is positioned on firm level ground

GC2 Slide 13
January 2014

Driving at Work

GC2 Slide 14
January 2014

Page 7

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Phone : +44 (0)161 643 2259

Managing Road Safety

Employers must set clear policues on work related driving activities

Implement management systems and monitoring arrangements
Undertake risk assessments
Evaluate the risks associated with the driver, the vehicle and the
journey
Implement control measures to reduce the risk of driving
Elimination
Alternative means of transport
Managing risk factors

GC2 Slide 15
January 2014

Risk Factors main causes of accidents / serious injury

Speeding
Stress
Alcohol
Distance
Driving hours
Work schedule
Weather conditions
Route
Terrain
Complacency
Fatigue
Inexperience
Failure to wear seat belt
GC2 Slide 16
January 2014

Page 8

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Phone : +44 (0)161 643 2259

Managing Work related road risk

Development of several management and monitoring systems:
Driving Policy
Responsibility
Organisation and Structure
Systems
Risk Assessment
Monitoring including work related driving accidents
Legal Responsibilities Employer and Employee

GC2 Slide 17
January 2014

Risk Assessment
Five steps to risk assessment
Identify the hazards: distance to travel, driving hours, work schedules,
stress, weather conditions
Who may be harmed: employees, drivers, passengers, pedestrians,
other drivers, maintenance workers, vulnerable persons
Evaluate the risks: hierarchical eliminate, alternative transport,
manage to reduce risks
Record and implement findings
Review

The Royal College of Nursing

Page 9

GC2 Slide 18
January 2014

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Control Measures evaluating the risks

The Driver
Competency
Training / Selection
Fitness / Health

The Vehicle
Suitability / Selection
Condition
Safety Equipment
Safety Critical Equipment
Ergonomics

The Journey
Routes
Scheduling
Time
Distance
Weather conditions
GC2 Slide 19
January 2014

Sources of Reference UK Statutory Provisions

Road Traffic Act 1988 Road Traffic Act 1991
The Health and Safety (Safety Signs and Signals) Regulations 1996
The Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations 1998
Other references Driving at Work Managing Work-Related Road
Safety, INDG382, HSE Books
http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/indg382.pdf
Safe Use of Work Equipment, ACoP and guidance (part III in particular),
L22, third edition 2008, HSE Books, ISBN: 978-0-7176-6295-1
The Health and Safety (Safety Signs and Signals) Regulations 1996,
Guidance on regulations, second edition 2009, L64, HSE Books,
ISBN: 978-0-7176-6359-0 www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/priced/l64.pdf
Workplace Transport Safety Guidance for Employers (HSG136), HSE
Books ISBN 0-7176-6154-1
www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/priced/hsg136.pdf
GC2 Slide 20
January 2014

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Sources of Reference EU / International References

Graphical symbols Safety signs - registered safety signs - ISO
7010:2011, International Organisation for Standardisation (ISO)
C153 Hours of Work and Rest Periods (Road Transport) Convention
1979 (No. 153)
http://www.ilo.org/dyn/normlex/en/f?p=1000:12100:0::NO::P12100_IL
O_CODE:C153 and its accompanying R161 Hours of Work and Rest
Periods (Road Transport) Recommendation 1979 (No. 161):
http://www.ilo.org/dyn/normlex/en/f?p=NORMLEXPUB:12100:0::NO:
12100:P12100_INSTRUME NT_ID:312499:NO
Safety and Health in Construction, ILO CoP, ILO Geneva 1992, ISBN:
92-2-107104-9 http://www.ilo.org/safework/info/standards-andinstruments/codes/WCMS_107826/lang--en/index.htm

GC2 Slide 21
January 2014

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