261

A steel rod with a cross sectional area of 150 mm2 is stretched between two
fixed points. The tensile load at 20 C is 5000 N. What will be the stress at
-20 C? At what temperature will the stress be zero? Assume = 11.7 um/cm
and E = 200 x 109 N/m2.

Solution:

( a ) y=Y T +Y 1
SL
P1 L
=L T +
E
AE
S
5000
6
=( 11.7 x 10 ) (40 )+
3
200 x 10
150( 200 x 103)
S = 126.9 MPa.

( b ) Y T =Y 1

L T =

P1 L
AE

( 11.7 x 106 ) (T 20 )=

5000
150 (200 x 103 )

T = 34.2 C
262
A steel rod is stretched between two rigid walls and carries a tensile load of
5000 N. at 20 C. If the allowable stress is not exceed 130 MN/m2 at -20 C,
what is the minimum diameter of the rod? Assume = 11.7 um/ (m C) and E
= 200 GPa.

Solution

y=Y T +Y 1

SL
P1 L
=L T +
E
AE

130
5000
6
=( 11.7 x 10 ) ( 40 ) +
3
200 x 10
A (200 x 103 )

A=137.4 mm2

2
d =137.4 mm2
4

d=13.22 mm

263
Steel railroad rail 10m long are laid with a clearance of 3mm at a temperature
of 15
C. At what temperature will the rails just touch? What stress will be
induced in the rails at the temperature if there were no initial clearance?
Assume = 11.7 x 10-6 m/ (m C) and E =200 GPa.
Solution

Y T =L T

3=( 11.7 x 106 ) ( 10,000 ) (T 15)

T =40.64 C

Y=

SL
E

3=

S ( 10,000 )
3
200 x 10

S=60 MPa

264
At temperature of 90 C, a steel tire 10 mm thick and 75 mm wide that
is to be shrunk onto a locomotive driving wheel 1.8 m in diameter just
fits over the wheel, which is at temperature of 20 C. Determine the
contact pressure between the fire and the wheel after the assembly
cools to 20 C. Neglect the deformation of the wheel caused by the

pressure of the tire. Assume = 11.7um/ (m C) and E = 200 x 109

N/m2.

Solution
Y =Y T

2 P=F= pDL

PL
P1 L
=aL T +
AE
AE

2 (122 850 ) =p (1800)(75)

P
6
=( 11.7 x 10 ) ( 9020 )
3
750 (200 x 10 )

P=122 850 N

p=1.82 MPa

265.
At 130, a bronze hoop 20 mm thick whose inside diameter is 600 mm
just fits snugly over a steel hoop 15 mm thick. Both hoops are 100 mm
wide. Compute the contact pressure between the hoops when the
temperature drops to 20 C. Neglect the possibility that the inner ring
may buckle. For steel, E = 200 GPa and = 11.7 um/(m C). For
Bronze, E = 83 GPa and = 19 um/(m C)

266.
At 20 C, a rigid slab having a mass of 55 Mg is placed upon two bronze
rods and one steel rod as shown. At what temperature will the stress in
the steel rod be zero? For the steel rod, A = 6000 mm2, E = 200 x 109
N/m2, and = 19.0um/( m C )
Solution
W = (55,000 ) (9.81)

W =539,550 N
When the stressthe steel rod is 0,

P b=

W 539550
=
2
2

Pb=369 775 N
Y ts =Y tBY B

(L T )s=(L T ) B(

PL
)
AE B

( 11.7 x 106 ) ( 300 ) (T 20 )=( 19 x 106 ) ( 250 ) (T 20 )

T =129.2 C

( 269755 )(250)
( 6000 ) (83 x 10 3)