Professional Documents
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Formarea cererii
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FORMAREA CERERII
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la OT3, de unde rezulta punctul F.
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efect de
VHFRQVLGHU
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figura 2.7. unde sunt reprezentate OT2WXULVPXOL2*2 (alte bunuri);
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FRPSHQVDW
pentru turism
Q ILQDO HVWH ELQH V QRW P F HIHFWXO GH VXEVWLWX LH FDUH UH]XOW GLQ
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c.
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asupra cererii
turistice
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n perioada 1
bunuri n perioada
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DU SXWHD GHFLGH V FRQVXPH PDL SX LQ vQ SULPD SHULRDG SHQWUX D
5HSDUWL LD
consumului turistic
pe perioade de timp
consuma mai mult n cea de-a doua. n cazul extrem al unui individ
cDUH DOHJH V QX FRQVXPH QLPLF vQ SHULRDGD SHQWUX D-L PD[LPL]D
consumul n perioada 2, punctul optim al consumului ar fi C.
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consumului turistic
GDWRUDW
vPSUXPXWXOXL
poate avea un venit viitor mai mare, prin urmare un consum viitor
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n formarea
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gusturi sau procesul prin care se iau deciziile ntr-un anumit context
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studierii comportamentului individual privind alocarea venitului fie
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0RWLYD LLOH
comportamentale
GHF
WRULH
GHDSRUQLODGUXPGHDVHIDFHQHY ]XW
mult dimensiunea
FRPSRUWDPHQWDO
VXQW
LQIOXHQ DWH
GH
IDFWRUL
SVLKRORJLFL
GH
H[HPSOX
H[WUDYHUWLWXO HVWH PDL DYHQWXURV L vQFUH] WRU vQ VLQH vQ WLPS FH
LQWURYHUWLWXO SUHIHU ORFXULOH IDPLOLDUH OLQLWLWRDUH L vQWkOQLULOH FX
FD
PRWLYD LL
SULQFLSDOH
GH
F O WRULH
SUHIHULQ HOH
L
n primul rndFHUFHW
DERUG UL V
&HUFHW
ULOH
PRWLYD LRQDOH
sunt importante
GHFkW
GHGXFWLY
0XOWH
GLQ
LQIRUPD LLOH
IXUQL]DWH
GH
FHUFHW ULOH PRWLYD LRQDOH DX IRVW vQJOREDWH vQ FHOH PDL LPSRUWDQWH
GH
ODERUDWRU
SHQWUX
F
UHDOL]HD]
PHFDQLVPXO
GH
atunci
SURFHV
PHGLXO
VRFLDO
LQIOXHQ HD]
SXWHUQLF
LQWHQVL
tatea
GHWHUPLQDW PDL SX LQ GH YHQLWXO DFWXDO VDX YLLWRU GHFkW GH QLYHOXO L
L UHSURGXFH PRG
Concepte
psihologice privind
comportamentul
n turism
JUXSXULOH FX XQ YHQLW PDL VF ]XW XUPHD] PRGHOHOH GH YDFDQ
FHORU
ERJD L
&ODVLILFDUHD
WLSXULORU
GH
WXULWL
vQ
DOH
H[WUDYHUWL L
L
Socializarea
consumului turistic
3VLKRORJLD
HFRQRPLF
HFRQRPLF
FD
SH
XQ
L
VRFLRORJLD
GHWHUPLQDQW
FRQVLGHU
LPSRUWDQW
DO
VRFLDOL]DUHD
PRGHOHORU
GH
OHGH]YROW LvQVXHVFGHODRFXQRDWHUHDEDQLORULSRVHVLXQLORUL
SkQ
OD GLIHUHQ LHUHD VRFLDO L vQ HOHJHUHD DVSHFWHORU VRFLReconomice. Conceptul de socializare a consumului are n vedere
rolul indivizilorFKHLH VSUH H[HPSOX S ULQ LL vQ IRUPDUHD DWLWXGLQLL
copilului la diferite nivele de consum, respectiv modele de consum.
5ROXO E UEDWXOXL VDX DO IHPHLL vQ IDPLOLH SUHFXP L SURFHVXO GH
intHUDF LXQHGLQFDGUXOIDPLOLHLHVWHGHDVHPHQHDLPSRUWDQW
&HUFHW ULOH DX DU WDW F UROXO VR LLORU vQ OXDUHD GHFL]LLORU SHQWUX R
vQ FDUH VH LD DFHDVW GHFL]LH HVWH LPSRUWDQW 3HQWUX PDMRU
itatea
EXQXULORU L VHUYLFLLORU FX FkW DFHVWHD VXQW PDL FRPSOH[H GLQ SXQFW
UL
DVXSUDSURFHVHORUGHFRQVXPWXULVWLFGXUDELOHLQHGXUDELOHvQFDGUXO
VDX FKLDU vQWUH JUXSXULOH VRFLDOH 5HIHULWRU OD KRW UkULOH SULYLQG
Q OXFU ULOH VDOH FX SULYLUH OD OXDUHD GH KRW UkUL SULYLQG YDFDQ D
Socializarea
consumului
turistic
FRQVXPXO VH QXP U L YkUVWD ID]D FLFOXO YLH LL DO SURGXVXOXL FODVD
HUDX OXDWH GH F WUH VR Q FD]XO IDPLOLLORU FX XQ YHQLW PHGLX
GH LQH
SXWHUHD
ILQDQFLDU
DUH
L
LQL LDWLYD
FKHOWXLHOLORU
I FkQGX VH U VSXQ] WRDUH GH UH]XOWDW vQ FD]XO vQ FDUH FRQGL LLOH
procesul decizional.
Experimentul eFRQRPLF
Experimentul
economic
n turism
WHRULHLMRFXULORUUH]XOWDWHOHVXQWGHWHUPLQDWHGHVFRSXULOHSURSXVHL
GH VWUDWHJLD IRORVLW GH SDUWLFLSDQ L 'H H[HPSOX XQXO VDX PDL PXO L
PHPEUL DL XQHL IDPLOLL VH SRW DVRFLD vQ VFRSXO HIHFWX ULL XQHL YDFDQ H
SH OLWRUDO LDU FHLODO L PHPEUL DL IDPLOLHL FDUH GRUHVF R YDFDQ
Deciziile pentru
consumul turistic
vQVLWXD LLOH
SULYLQG YHQLWXO YLLWRU SUH XULOH LQIOD LD L GREkQ]LOH 8QLL SVLKR
diminua
de risc
GLQ QHVLJXUDQ
SULQ RE LQHUHD GH PDL PXOW LQIRUPD LH R GDW FH YD
IRVW DWLQV XQ QLYHO DFFHSWDELO GH LQIRUPD LL F XWDUHD GH LQIRUPD LL
VXSOLPHQWDUH FD L SUHOXFUDUHD DFHVWRUD vQFHWHD] $FHVW IHQRPHQ
SRDWH DYHD ORF L vQDLQWH FD SRWHQ LDOXO FRQVXPDWRU V IL DWLQV
FDQWLWDWHD PD[LP GH LQIRUPD LH SH FDUH R SRDWH DFXPXOD L FRQIRUP
VLVWHPXOGHHFXD LLDOWLSXULORUGHFHUHUHWXULVWLF
I FXWH vQWU R DOW SHULRDG /RHZHQVWHLQ $OWH FHUFHW UL DOH
modurilor
Metoda
H[SHULPHQWDO
n determinarea
SUHIHULQ HORU
pentru turism
LQIRUPD LD vQ GHFL]LLOH SULYLWRDUH OD FRQVXP VXQW HIHFWXDWH FX DMXWRUXO
DFHVWDQXDUILRPLVHXQHOHYDULDELOHLV
Rezumat
/XDUHD GHFL]LHL vQ WXULVP HVWH LQIOXHQ DW GH R VHULH GH YDULDELOH FDUH SRW IL P VXUDWH FDQWLWDWLY FXP
sunt:
P ULPHDYHQLWXOXLGLVSRQLELO
P ULPHDFRQVXPXOXL
GXUDWDLP ULPHDPXQFLLSO WLWHLDWLPSXOXLQHSO
WLW
'LIHULWHOH FRPELQD LL vQWUH DFHVWH YDULDELOH GHWHUPLQ DQXPLWH P ULPL DOH FHUHULL L FRQVXPXOXL
numite:
efectul venitului;
efectul net.
'H DVHPHQHD XQ ORF LPSRUWDQW vQ IRUPDUHD FHUHULL vO DX L YDULDELOHOH FDOLWDWLYH GH RELFHL JUHX GH
surat cantitativ, dar posibil a fi evaluate cu ajutorul modelelor comportamentale. Aceste variabile sunt:
vQFOLQD LDGHDFKHOWXLPDLPXOWSHQWUXWXULVPGHFkWSHQWUXDOWHEXQXULLVHUYLFLLLLQYHUV
SUHIHULQ DSHQWUXDQXPLWHIRUPHGHWXULVP
RS LXQHDSHQWUXGHVWLQD LLWXULVWLFHDOWHUQDWLYH
&RPELQDUHDFHORUGRX FDWHJRULLGHYDULDELOHSURGXFHDQXPLWHHIHFWHDVXSUDFHUHULLWXULVWLFH6XQWPDL
efecteLQWHUWHPSRUDOHvQVHQVXOHIHFWX
ULLVDXDPkQ ULLFRQVXPXOXLWXULVWLF
HIHFWXOvPSUXPXWXULORULvPSUXPXW ULORU
LORU
S-DXHIHFWXDWRVHULHGHVWXGLLWHRUHWLFHFDX]DOHFDUHDXFRQGXVODRFULWHUL]DUHDIRUPHORUGHWXULVPL
tipuri de WXULWL
KRLQDULLVRODUL*UD\
(Crompton, 1979)
Q VIkULW SVLKRORJLD HFRQRPLF L VRFLRORJLD FRQVLGHU VRFLDOL]DUHD HFRQRPLF FD SH XQ GHWHUPLQDQW
LPSRUWDQWDOPRGHOHORUGHFRPSRUWDPHQWDOSUHIHULQ HORULJXVWXULORUSHQWUXWXULVP
Cuvinte cheie
elasticitatea cererii =
VHQVLELOLWDWHD FHUHULL vQ YROXP L VWUXFWXU OD PRGLILF ULOH GLIHUL LORU IDFWRUL
VHFWRDUH DOH HFRQRPLHL QD LRQDOH VDX UHJLRQDOH H[SULP IDSWXO F RULFH FKHOWXLDO I FXW GH WXULVW VH
WUDQVIRUP VXFFHVLY vQ YHQLWXUL SHQWUX DOWH GRPHQLL DOH HFRQRPLHL DJULFXOWXU FRPHU FRQVWUXF LL
VHUYLFLLD
FHUHUHWXULVWLF
GHVWLQD LH
vQ DIDUD UHHGLQ HL SURSULL SHQWUX DOWH PRWLYH GHFkW SUHVWDUHD XQRU DFWLYLW
]RQ
WXULVWLF
RELHFWLYH ORFDOLW
WHULWRULX GH PDUH vQWLQGHUH GH R FRPSOH[LWDWH JHRJUDILF FDUH LQFOXGH PDL PXOWH
L VDX FRPSOH[H WXULVWLFH L FDUH SRDWH SUH]HQWD R FDUDFWHULVWLF DSDUWH ILLQG DVWIHO
SRVLELO GHOLPLWDUHDGHDOWH]RQH
SLD
WXULVWLF
L vQWU
-o ntreprindere de mari
GLPHQVLXQL FDUH RSHUHD] vQ JHQHUDO OD VFDU LQWHUQD LRQDO 8Q H[HPSOX GH FRQJORPHUDW vQ WXULVP vO
constituie asocierea unei mari companii dintr-XQ GRPHQLX RDUHFDUH FX XQ ODQ KRWHOLHU VDX FX R ILUP
tour-operatoare.
DYDQWDMH FH GHULY GLQ FUHWHUHD GLPHQVLXQLORU XQHL vQWUHSULQGHUL UHIHULWRDUH OD
( de exemplu, cheltuielile de
LL FDSLWDOXULORUSURSULLDOHXQHLvQWUHSULQGHULFDXUPDUHDHIHFWHORU
%LEOLRJUDILHVXSOLPHQWDU
CROMPTON, J.L.
DANN, G.M.S.
),/,$875$17L
RICHIE
GRAY, H.P.
SCHMOLL, G.A.
ULUHFDSLWXODWLYH
ULPHDDFHVWXLD
'HILQL LFRQFHSWHOHGH
consum;
WLPSQHSO WLW
&HUHIOHFW FXUEHOHGHLQGLIHUHQ
PDLvQGHS UWDWHGHRULJLQHDVLVWHPXOXLGHD[HFRQVXP
-timp?
itului?
&H LQIOXHQ HD] VHPQLILFDWLY GHFL]LD RSWLP GH DOHJHUH D WXULVPXOXL FD ILUP GH FKHOWXLUH D EXJHWXOXL
disponibil?
&DUHVXQWHIHFWHOHVFKLPE ULORUGHYHQLWLSUH XULDVXSUDFHUHULLWXULVWLFH"
&DUHVXQWHIHFWHOHVF GHULLFUHWHULLSUH XOXLLYHQL
turistice?
Teste de autoevaluare
(2 pct.)
(2 pct.)
(IHFWXOQHWHVWHRFRPELQD LHvQWUH
a)
b)
c)
(2 pct.)
WLW
SUHIHULQ HOHLQGLYLGXDOHLFRQVXPXOGHWLPSSO
WLWVDXQX
HIHFWXOYHQLWXOXLLSUHIHULQ HOHLQGLYLGXDOH
a)
YHQLWXOQHWLWLPSXOSO
OLWRUDOXO0
ULL1HJUHL0kQ
(2 pct.)
VWLULOHGLQ0ROGRYD
(IHFWHOHVFKLPE ULORUGHYHQLWDVXSUDFHUHULLWXULVWLFHSRWIL
(2 pct.)
a) exclusiv pozitive;
b) exclusiv negative;.
c) ambele.
CeLQGLF
vQDOHJHUHDGLIHULWHORUIRUPHGHWXULVP"
(2 pct.)
(2 pct.)
(2 pct.)
a)
b)
FXUEHOHGHLQGLIHUHQ
WXULWLU
FLW
ori
WXULWLVRODUL
(2 pct.)
a) PHWRGDH[SHULPHQWDO
b) PHWRGDFRPSRUWDPHQWDO
c) teoria jocurilor.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
c
UHSUH]HQWDUHJUDILF
b
UHSUH]HQWDUHJUDILF
c
SUHIHULQ HOHSHUVRQDOHSHQWUXGLIHULWHIRUPHGHWXULVP
b
DGRULQ DGHDSRUQLODGUXP
b. iubitori ai soarelui
9. a.
10.a.
VSXQVXUL
(1 pct.)
WRDUHOHvQWUHE UL
3UH]HQWD LFkWHYDFDWHJRULLGHWXULWLFDUHYRUvQFKHLDDFHVWFRQWUDFW
&2175$&7'(&
725,(785,67,&
NR................din.........................
6XEVHPQDWXODQ VFXW ODGDWDGHvQORFDOLWDWHD
ul n ...............
.str. ............................ nr...... bloc........... scara ........ apartament ..... etaj ... posesor al BI.......................
HOLEHUDW GH OD GDWD GH YDODELO SkQ OD GDWD GH...... salariat la .............n
IXQF LDGH
7(/()21VHUYLFLXDFDV PRELO
&RPDQG6&&5,67,$18/6$%UDRYSDFKHWXOGHVHUYLFLLSUH]HQWDWvQ
.....................
(catalog / pliant / alt nscris):.................................
-'HVWLQD LD
- PerioadDQU]LOHQUQRS LFD]DUH
-0LMORDFHGHWUDQVSRUWLFDWHJRULDORU........................
-7LSXOLFDWHJRULDVWUXFWXULORUGHSULPLUH
-6HUYLFLLGHPDV SHQVLXQHFRPSOHW GHPLSHQVLXQHPLFGHMXQI U PDV .............................
- Programul turistic ....................................................................................................................................
-$OWHVROLFLW ULVSHFLDOH................................................................................
1XP UXOGHSHUVRDQHSHQWUXFDUHVHFRPDQG SDFKHWXOGHVHUYLFLLF O WRULD
GLQFDUHFRSLLvQYkUVW GHLDF
IRVW FRPXQLFDWH
7XULWLL FDUH vQFHDUF SULQ RULFH PLMORDFH V RE LQ SH QHGUHSW GHVS JXELUL VDX FHL FDUH vQOHVQHVF
FRQILUP ULL GH F WUH DJHQ LH D VHUYLFLLORU FRPDQGDWH GH WXULVW SUH]HQWXO %21 '(
............................................
Data...................................
6HPQ WXUDDJHQWXOXL
..........................................
'DWDFRQILUP ULL
WRUXO ERQ GH FRPDQG OD ELOHWXO GH RGLKQ L WUDWDPHQW (O HVWH RIHULW GH F WUH 6&
A.
B.
6&&5,67,$18/6$%5$29
&2175$&7'(&
725,(785,67,&
LA BOT nr................/.........................
1XPHOHLSUHQXPHOHWXULVWXOXL
Adresa .........................................................................................................................................................
7HOHIRQ FRPDQG OD 6& &ULVWLDQXO 6$ %UDRY SDFKHWXO GH VHUYLFLL vQ
,,'(63
*8%,5,$VLJXUDUHDVHUYLFLLORUODQLYHOXOFDOLWDWLYLFDQWLWDWLYvQVFULV
vQ %27 UHYLQH vQ H[FOXVLYLWDWH SUHVWDWRUXOXL 'DF DFHVWD QX HVWH DVLJXUDW WXULVWXO VH DGUHVHD] vQ VFULV
ULL
7XULVWXO FDUH VH SUH]LQW OD WUDWDPHQW I U UHFRPDQGDUHD PHGLFDO VDX I U ILD PHGLFDO FRPSOHWDW
VDXFRPSOHWDW HURQDWVXSRUW WRDWHULVFXULOHFDUHGHFXUJGLQDFHVWHD
DFHVWXLDFDUHYDVXSRUWDFRQWUDYDORDUHDGHVS JXELULLSHFDUHRY
'DF VHUYLFLLOH FXPS UDWH QX VXQW FRQVXPDWH LQWHJUDO DJHQ LD QX L DVXP UHVSRQVDELOLWDWHD
GHVS JXELULL5HJXODUL]DUHDVHIDFHFXSUHVWDWRUXO
QVLWXD LDvQFDUH DSDUHRUHFODPD LHXOWHULRDU VHMXUXOXLDFHDVWD HVWH FRQVLGHUDW QHDYHQLW LQX HVWH
$JHQ LD DUH REOLJD LD V LQIRUPH]H WXULWLL GHVSUH FRQGL LLOH L VHUYLFLLOH FH XUPHD] D IL SULPLWH vQ
QX VXQW SUHY ]XWH vQ %27 VHUYLFLL VXSOLPHQWDUH WD[H GH
$POXDWODFXQRWLQ
FRQGL LLOHJHQHUDOHGHYkQ]DUHDVHUYLFLLORUWXULVWLFH
6HPQ WXUDDJHQWXOXL
............................................
6HPQ WXUDWXULVWXOXL
..........................................