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ug{ ] ;fdYo{ x' F b } g . xft yfK5f} +
k/fof;Fu . e/ k5f{+} cs{s
} f] . cfk"mn]
ug{;Sg] sfd klg ub{g} f}+ . ;Sg] sfd
klg gu/]sf] / k/lge{/ x'g vf]h]sf]
xfd|f] k/fjnDaL :jefj b]v]/ bftfn]
klg df} s fsf] kmfObf p7fpF 5 .
cN5LnfO{ aN5Ldf kf5{ . xf] ToxL
aN5Ldf k/]sf] 5 g]kfnsf] /fhgLlt
/ oxfFsf] ;/sf/ g]tf . To;}n] gfos
hlt ;a} vngfosdf kl/0ft ePsf
5g\, abgfd ePsf 5g\, uGxfPsf
5g\ . k| b " l ift 5 /fhgLlts /
;fdflhs jftfj/0f . 5}g s'g} ;xh
cjt/0f .
;'ljwfn] b'ljwfdf kf/]sf] xf]
;a}nfO{ . nf]en] n'6\k'6\ofPsf] xf]
w]/}nfO{ . cfFvf nf]eL dg kfkL .
t[i0ffsf] tLvf{n] ubf{ oxfFsf slyt
7"nfa8f / uGodfGosf 5f]/f5f]/Lsf]
lax] klg x' G 5 xft yfkLyfkL .
lngafx]s lbg ghfg]sfn] kfpg] slt
xf] ;w} < kfpg] ;Defjgf 6b{} uPkl5
x'G5 if8\oGqsf] z'?jft . hfnem]n,
lts8d, wf]sf / ljZjf;3ft t
cfw'lgs /fhgLltsf uxgf eP .
To;}n] rNb}5 ;/sf/ kl/jt{gsf]
rrf{ . slQ dtnj 5}g ltgnfO{ b]z
/ hgtfsf] dsf{;Fu . 8]9 jif{;Dd
lagfcj/f]w rNg' klg pknlAwd"ns
/ ;kmntf dfGg'kg{] eof] ;/sf/ c?
;a}df c;kmn eP klg . /fhgLlts
bnsf ;/sf/ c;kmn / bnljxLg
;/sf/ ;kmn agfpg] v]nsf] k6fIf]k
eO;s]sf] 5 lvn/fh /]UdL k|s/0fn] .
To;}n] ;ft jif{df ;+ljwfg ag]g oxfF .
;/f] s f/ ;+ l jwfglt/ eGbf klg
;/sf/;Fu /Xof] . )&@ a}zfv !@,
!# / @( sf] dxfljgfzsf/L e"sDk
/ To;n] kf/] s f] Iflt, p4f/,
k'gM:yfkgf / k'gMlgdf{0flt/ eGbf klg
;/sf/sf] arfp / kl/jt{glt/
;/f]sf/ b]lvg yfNof] . To;}n] oxfF
kl/jt{g ;/sf/sf] x}g ;+:sf/sf]
rflxPsf] xf] eGg]sf] sdL b]lvPg .
ca e"sDkLo hf]lvd If]qsf c?
ufpFh:t} sf7df8f+s
} f ;+/rgfnfO{ klg
:yfgfGt/0f ug{ h?/L 5 eGg] ljrf/
b]lvg yfn] . /fhwfgL ;fg{] s'/f klg
;txdf cfPsf] 5, Nofpg' k/]sf] 5 .
sf7df8f+}n] wfGg ;Sg] Ifdtf slt
xf] / y]U5 slt < o;kflnsf] e"sDkn]

kf/]sf] Iflt t cltsf] b'u{lt klg xf]

ls < v} Totflt/ ;f]r]sf] / ljsNk
vf]hs
] f] <
;/sf/ kl/jt{g x'g' / gx'g;
' uF

rln/x]sf] 5 / rln/xG5 lg/Gt/ .

ldlnh'nL ag]sf] Pp6} ;/sf/df a;]/,
p;}nfO{ c;kmn agfP/, ;/sf/rflxF
c;kmn . d, d]/f] kf6L{ / dGqfno dfq

kl/jt{g cfpg'k5{ lg
;'zLn sf]O/fnf / df]xg a}B ls/0f
TofuL, alnbfgL / ;bfrf/L g]tf
dflgG5g\ g]kfnL /fhgLltdf . clxn]

g/gf/fo0f cfq]o
kSs} xf], of] ;/sf/ c;kmn ePs} xf] . o;n] e|i6frf/
a9fof], b'uG{ w km}nfof], o;df ladlt 5}g . cfj/0fdf
;'zLn b]lvP klg /fdz/0f dxt / afdb]j uf}tdh:tf
rt'/ g]tfn] ;+oQ
' m?kdf g]tT[ j u/]sf] / c;kmn ePsf] of]
;/sf/ hfnf . csf{] ;j{bnLo jf ;j{kIfLo /fli6o
;/sf/ klg aGnf . cflv/ To;n] klg s] n5fnf{ < lgs6
eljiodf aGg] Tof] ;/sf/n] s'g hfb"sf] 58Lsf] k|of]u
u/]/ ;kmn x'g] 5 jf s'g a'6L vfPsf] / s'g cGt/LIfaf6
cfPsf] x'g5
] < s]xL x'g5
] g} . ;j{;fwf/0fn] w]/} cfz gu/]
x'G5 . lxhf]s} abgfd kfqsf] cbnfabnLn] s]xL km/s kfg{]
5}g . ;/sf/ gaGb} cz'e s'/f u/]sf] cf/f]k nufpg]n]
ljrf/ u?g\ ljutsf s'g ;/sf/ slxn] ;kmn ePsf
lyP / ca kl5sf] ;/sf/ klg ;kmn x'g] ljZjfl;nf]
cfwf/ s] 5 < 5}g . oxfF vfnL c;kmn agfpg] v]n dfq
rln/x]sf] 5 / rln/xG5 lg/Gt/ .
hgtfsf] ;fOgf] /xg 5f8\of] . Tof] t
/fhgLlt / g]tfsf] v]n xf], s'lGg s]
s] u5{g\, eG5g\ ;j{;fwf/0fx? .
b] z elQm / hgtfaf6 6fl9Psf]
/fhgLlt, l;4fGt / cfbz{ a f6
6fl9Psf g]tf, u'6 pku'6, AolQm /
zlQms]Gb|df laeflht kf6L{ / kf6L{
kf6L{df laeflht hgtf, ;w}F g otf
g ptf . cem To;df klg hft, ln,
If]q, j0f{, ju{ / wd{ cflb s]s] xf]
s]s]df laeflht / k|fof]lht ;dfh .
a'lemg;Sg'sf] Jojxf/ . ;+:sf/ .
;+:s[lt . las[lt . xfd|f] ;fdflhs
k|sl[ t o;}df v]ns
] f 5g\ b]zLljb]zL
tTj, s'tTj . xfdL ltgsf v]nf}gf .
uf]6L Sof/]daf]8s
{ f . :6fOs/n] h;/L
k5fl8af6 xfG5g\ / v;fN5g\
vfN6fdf, rf/} l t/sf Kjfndf .
vfN6fdf kbf{ / k/]kl5 lg:sFbf klg
xfdL cfk"m ;hLj jf lghL{j s] xf}+
eGg] x]Ssf /fVb}gf}+ . cfcfkm}df
le8\5f}+ . cs{s
} f] el/of eP/ lxF85
\ f}+ .
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cjglt afFsL 5 cem} slt <
kSs} xf], of] ;/sf/ c;kmn ePs}
xf] . o;n] e|i6frf/ a9fof], b'uG{ w km}nfof],
o;df ladlt 5}g . cfj/0fdf ;'zLn
b]lvP klg /fdz/0f dxt / afdb]j
uf}tdh:tf rt'/ g]tfn] ;+oQ' m?kdf
g]tT[ j u/]sf] / c;kmn ePsf] of] ;/sf/
hfnf . csf{] ;j{bnLo jf ;j{kIfLo
/fli6o ;/sf/ klg aGnf . cflv/
To;n] klg s] n5fnf{ < lgs6 eljiodf
aGg] Tof] ;/sf/n] s'g hfb"sf] 58Lsf]
k|of]u u/]/ ;kmn x'g] 5 jf s'g a'6L
vfPsf] / s'g cGt/LIfaf6 cfPsf]
x'g5
] < s]xL x'g5
] g} . ;j{;fwf/0fn] w]/}
cfz gu/] x'G5 . lxhf]s} abgfd kfqsf]
cbnfabnLn] s]xL km/s kfg{] 5}g .
;/sf/ gaGb} cz'e s'/f u/]sf] cf/f]k
nufpg]n] ljrf/ u?g\ ljutsf s'g
;/sf/ slxn] ;kmn ePsf lyP /
ca kl5sf] ;/sf/ klg ;kmn x'g]
ljZjfl;nf] cfwf/ s] 5 < 5}g . oxfF
vfnL c;kmn agfpg] v]n dfq

;kmn eGg] ;+ : sf/df kl/jt{ g

gcfp~h]n ;a} ;/sf/ c;kmn x'G5g\
;wF} . ;+oQ' m ;/sf/df a;]sf], ;fd]n
ePsf] kf6L{ / dGqLn] cfj/0fdf b]lvPsf]
g]tT[ jnfO{ c;kmn agfpg] sfddf cfk"m
;kmn eP/ g]tT[ j xTofpg] k/Dk/f
sfod /x'~h]n eljiodf aGg] ;/sf/
klg c;kmn x'g] x'G . olt t yf]/} a'l4
ePsf]n] klg c8\sn sf6\g;Sg] ljifo
xf] . of] ;/sf/ c;kmn ePkl5 Tof]
c;kmntfsf] lhDdf ;/sf/df ;xefuL
;a} bnn] lng'kb{g} < k5{ . t/ oxfF
g]kfndf rflxF kb{g} o:tf] crDd jf
uhasf] lgn{Hh ;+:sf/ 5 . h'g hxfh
jf 8'fdf ofqf uof], To;}df Kjfn kfof],
8'afof] clg cfk"mrflxF kf}8/] kfvf nfUof] .
km]l/ csf{] 8'fdf a:of] To;df klg
Kjfn kfof], 8'afof] . Pj+ /Ltn] ;a}nfO{
8'afpFb} hfg] xf] eg] s'g 8'f aR5 .
Tof] lg/Gt/ 8'Ag], 8'afpg] 8'f / g]kfndf
aGg] / eTsg] ;/sf/df s] cGt/ 5 <
5}g . Tof] kf6L{sf] g]tT[ jsf] ;/sf/df
hfg] / To;nfO{ c;kmn agfpg], km]l/
csf{] kf6L{sf] g]tT[ jsf] ;/sf/df hfg] /
To;nfO{ klg c;kmn agfpg] clg ckm\g}
kf6L{sf] g]tT[ jsf] ;/sf/ u7g ug{] /
To;nfO{ klg c;kmn agfpg] ;+:sf/
5 oxfF . ;kmn agfpg] ;+:sf/ t
5Fb5
} g} . o;/L c;kmn agfpg] ;+:sf/
sfod /x'~h]n ;a} ;/sf/ c;kmn
x'gx] g' \ . ;kmn x'gsf nflu ;+:sf/df

;j{ ; fwf/0f hgtf / :jtGq

a'l4hLjLsf aLrdf . ltgsf] cfbz{
hLjgz} n L, l;4fGt / ljrf/sf]
dfgdb{g ug{x] ?sf] rl/q klg b]vs
] f]
5 b'lgofFn] . Aoxf]/s
] f] klg 5 . ;'zLn
/ a}Bls/0fn] sd;]sd cfk"mn] t
abdf;L ub{g} g\ . e|i6frf/ ub{g} g,
rf] v f 5g\ cfh;Dd, c?
dftxtsfnfO{ /f]Sg g;s] klg . tL t
;bfrf/, Odfgbf/L / cfbz{sf aLpm
x'g\ :jR5 5ljo'Qm /fhgLlts v8]/L
/ clgsfnsf . ;'zLn / a}Bsf
cfkmGtx?n] klg ;Qf / eQfsf]
b' ? kof] u u/] s f] , ofn sf8] s f] ,
e[TotGqdf nLg ePsf] b]lvPsf] 5}g .
To:tf a]bfu AolQmTjnfO{ bfuLn] bfu
nufpg' c:jfefljs dfGg ;lsGg .
ck/fw gug{' c;kmn x'g' x}g .
e|i6frf/ / b'i6frf/o'Qm /fhgLlt /f]Sg
g;s]/ cfk"mdfq} eP klg rf]vf] /xg'
jf Odfgbf/ aGg' klg ck/fw
dflggyfNof] cr]n . of] t emg\ 8/nfUbf]
/ vt/gfs 5 lagfz / laklQsf
nflu . o;n] b]znfO{ sxfF k'ofpnf <
sNkgf ug{ klg ufx|f] 5 . ;fFRr} eGg]
xf] eg] g]kfnsf /fhgLlts bnsf ;a}
g]tf, ltgsf kl/jf/hg, cfkmGt,
;'zLn sf]O/fnf Pj+ df]xg j}B / pgsf
kl/jf/ / cfkmGth:t} eP, b]Vg kfP
g]kfnsf] cfwf ;d:of t cfkm} ;dfwfg
x'G5 lg

n]v, /rgf;DaGwL ;"rgf

o; ;fKtflxsdf k|sfzgfy{ /fli6o cGt/f{li6o dxTjsf
n]v, /rgf / tl:j/x pknAw u/fO{ ;xof]u k'ofpg' x'g
;DalGwt ;a}df cg'/f]w ul/G5 . k|fKt ;dfrf/ / /rgfx
k|sflzt ug]{ gug]{ ;Dk"0f{ clwsf/ ;Dkfbsdf lgxLt x'g5
] .
k|sflzt gePsf ;fdu|Lx lkmtf{ gul/g] ePsfn] cfk"m;Fu
d"nk|lt /fv]/ dfq k7fpg'xf]nf .

If]Kof:q ;fKtflxs
yfkfufp, sf7df8f},+ kmf]gM (*$!$)#*%!

E-mail : chhepyastra@gmail.com

/fatOfc t]u $@ 7h
] nf; @&)@

/fli6o ;/sf/ leqsf] c/fli6o rfn

e"sDkkl5 cfdg]kfnLx?sf] Wofg

s'lT;t /fhgLltaf6 /fxt / gofF
lgdf{0fsf] lbzfdf s]Gb|Lt ePkl5
cQflnPsf b]zLljb]zL cafl~5t
tTjx?n] hgdfg; cfk"mlt/ kmsf{P/
/fxt / lgdf{0fsf] sfdnfO{ cf]em]n
agfpg gfgfy/Lsf ljt08f drfO{/x]sf

k'us
] f] 5 .
;/sf/sf] d' 2 f s' g } plrt
Ph]G8f;lxt cfPsf] eP o;nfO{
cGoyf ljifosf ?kdf lng cfjZos
lyPg t/ oyfy{tf o:tf] xf]Og eGg]
tYonfO{ a'em\g ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf nflu
eg]/ p7fO{Psf] slyt /fli6o ;xdltsf]

cleGg ?kn] hf]l8Psf] tYo;+u

;+alGwt 5 . klxnf] k|sf/sf] k|jl[ t
afa'/fd e/fO{f/f kfun 3f]lift
ul/P/ pkrf/sf nflu /fFrL n}hfg
l;kmfl/; ul/Psf s]kL cf]nLnfO{ pg}sf]
d'vaf6 ;'zLn lj?4 k|wfgdGqLsf]
pDd]bjf/ agfO{g' xf] . of] 36gfsf]

5g\ . ;'?df k'glg{df{0fsf nflu elg

p7fO{Psf] slyt /fli6o ;xdltsf]
;/sf/sf] gf/f ljb]zLx?sf] xl/of]
alQsf] rds cg' ; f/ cF W of/f
sf]7fx?df ljleGg s'ts{ ub{} ;+ljwfg
lgdf{0f ug{sf nflu ;/sf/sf] g]tT[ jsf]
kfnf] / ldn]/ efu nufpg'kg{] s'/f;Dd

;/sf/sf] ;]/f]km]/f]df lbglbg} p7\g]

km]l/g] ub{} uPsf s]lx k|ltlglwd"ns
k|jl[ tx?dfly Wofg s]Gb|Lt ug{ ljz]if
?kn] h?/L b]lvG5 . p7\g] ablng]
36gfx?sf] vf; dxTj eg] bnx?sf
k5fl8 a;]sf e"ldut dfi6/x?sf
aLrsf] ;+aGwdf cfpg] ptf/r9fj;+u

;DaGw, sfdsfhL /fli6o ;/sf/

u7gsf] k|Zg;+u geP/ sf+u;] | Pdfn]sf
aLrsf] u7aGwgdf lr/f kf/] /
Pdfcf]jfbLdw]zjfbL u7aGwgnfO{
ef]ln aGg] s'gk} lg ;/sf/sf] lg0ff{os
zlQmsf ?kdf yflkt ug{] lbNnLsf]
klxn]bl] v kl/lrt /0fgLlt;+u 5 .

s]kLsf] k'/fgf] lbNnL gftfn] e/fOnfO{

d'v vf]Ng ;lhnf] agfPsf] 5 .
bf]>f] k|sf/sf] k|jl[ Q ;'zLnk|lt
afa'/fdsf] b[li6sf]0f xf] . afa'/fdn]
sf]O/fnfk|lt ;bfaxf/ aqmb[li6 /fVb}
cfPsf 5g\ . cfk"mn] k|wfgdGqLaf6
/flhgfdf lbg'kg{] ;do ;lsPkl5
klg pgL yk ( dlxgf;Dd To;df
6fFl;Psf lyP, h;sf] sf/0f g}
;'zLnnfO{ k|wfgdGqL l:jsf/ ug{
g;lsg] atfO{Psf] lyof]] . clxn] klg
e/fOn] ;'zLn afx]s eg]/ ls6fgL
u/]sf 5g\ . sf]O/fnf c;n zf;s
x'g\ eGg] d]/f] bfla st} 5}g t/ pgL
afa'/fdaf6 lg/Gt/ ckdflgt x'bF }
cfpg'sf] Psdfq sf/0f lbNnLsf]
d"Nodf ahf/df laSg gdfGg' xf] .
t]>f] k|sf/sf] k|jl[ tsf ?kdf
k|r08sf] af]ln xf] . afa'/fdeGbf s]lx
leGg z}lndf pgn] /fli6o ;xdltsf]
;/sf/sf] k|Zg ;+ljwfgsf] 6'u+ f]
nufpg g;Sg] cj:yfdf cy{lxg x'g]
atfPsf 5g\ . To:tf] ;/sf/k"j{
;+ljwfgsf ljifodf ;xdlt x'gk' g{]
eGb} pgn] cfk"m ;+;bjfbLx?;+u
nueu ;xdt e};s]sf] elgPsf] *
k|bz
] ;Ddsf] d'2faf6 x6]/ k'gM !)
k|bz
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cl3 ;f/]kl5 pgL lbNnL;Fu ?i6
lyP t/ k'/fgf] gftf 6'6s
] f] lyPg .
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efg kfb{} dw]zjfbLx?dfly vlgP/
lbNnL;Fu jfu{l] g ub{} cfPsf lyP .
o;n] lbNnLnfO{ cK7f/f] kf/]sf] klg
lyof] . o;} s'/fnfO{ a'em]/ lbNnLn]
afa'/fd dfkm{t\ pgsf] gfd NofPsf]
5 . s] k Lsf] Pdfcf] j fbL;F u sf]
ldqtfdf cfPsf] df}sf g5f]8\g]
cj;/jfbeGbf al9 s]lx 5}g .
kfFrf}+ k|sf/sf] k|jl[ t dw]zjfbL
u'6x? x'g\ . clxn] ltgLx? Toflu
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} g\ .
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agfpg nufP h:t} g]kfn lj/f]wL

sf7df8f}F . ef/tsf rlr{t j}1flgs

tyf ul0ft1 ;To]Gb|gfy af];n] ul0ftsf]
k/LIffdf ! ;o k"0ff{s
+ df ! ;o !)
c+s k|fKt u/]sf lyP . af]; of] b'lgofFsf
Ps dfq o:tf JolQm x'g,\ h;n] k/LIffdf
k"0ff{s
+ eGbf a9L c+s k|fKt u/]sf lyP .
aRrfb]lv g} ljnIf0f k|ltefsf wgL
af];sf] hGd snsQfdf ePsf] lyof] .
k|f/lDes lzIff 3/ glhs}sf] :s'ndf
lnPkl5 pgnfO{ lxGb' :s'ndf egf{
ul/of] . lxGb' :s'ndf k|l;4 cWofks
pk]Gb| aS;Ln] ul0ft k9fpFy] . pgn]
sIffdf lnPsf] k/LIffkl5 skL r]s
u/]/ ljBfyL{x?nfO{ lkmtf{ lbO/x]sf lyP .
ha pgn] ;To]Gb|sf] pQ/k'l:tsf lkmtf{
u/] ta pgsf] pQ/k'l:tsfdf ! ;o
k"0ff{s
+ df ! ;o !) c+s lbPsf] b]lvof] .
of] cfZro{hgs 36gf jf:tjdf
k/LIffsf] lgod ljkl/t lyof] . t/ of]
s;/L ;Dej eof] < ljBfyL{nfO{
k"0ff{s
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x+ u fdf dlRrof] . pQm :s' n sf
k|wfgfWofksn] ul0ft lzIfs pk]Gb|nfO{
o;sf] sf/0f ;f]w] . lzIfs pk]Gb|sf]
hjfkm o:tf] lyof] d}n] h] u/],F l7s
u/]F . ;To]Gb|n] lgwf{l/t ;dodf s'g}
klg ljsNk g5fl8sg ;a} k|Zgsf] ;xL
9+un] pQ/ lbg'sf ;fy} sltko

k|ZgnfO{ PseGbf al9 tl/sfaf6 ;d]t

xn u/]sf 5g\ . olb tkfOFn] lgb{z
] g g}
lbg'xG' 5 eg] t d pgsf] c+s 36fP/
;odf ;o g} agfOlbpFnf, t/ o;n]
;To]Gb|sf] k|ltef sd x'bF g} . :s'n lzIff
k"/f u/]kl5 ;To]Gb| snsQfsf] k|l] ;8]G;L
sn]hdf egf{ eP . To; ;dodf pQm

;fx bf]>f] x'Gy], ;w}F . ha pgLx?

PdP;;Ldf cWoog/t lyP To;a]nf
k/LIffdf ul0ftsf] k|Zgkqdf ;f]lwPsf]
Pp6f k|Zg s'g} klg ljBfyL{n] xn
u/]gg\ . o:tf] b]v/] sn]hsf s'nklt
cyf{t\ ul0ftsf dxfljfg\ k|fWofks
cfz'tf]ifn] c;Gt'if k|s6 ub{} ;a}
ljBfyL{ / lzIfsnfO{ e]nf kf/]/ ysf{P .
ltdLx? s] k9fpF5f}F clg ljBfyL{x? s]
k9\5f} < d}n] a'em\g ;lSbg . of] k6s
d}n] ul0ftsf] k|Zgkqdf Pp6f k|Zg
lbPsf] lyPF h;nfO{ s;}n] klg xn
u/]gg\ . lgs} nfhnfUbf] ljifo xf] of] .
cfz'tf]ifsf] s'/fnfO{ lard} sf6\g] lxDdt
s;sf] x'g] < ;a}n] d'G6f] lgx'/fP . t/
;To]Gb| eg] af]lnxfn] ;/ ha k|Zg g}
unt x'G5 eg] To;nfO{ s;/L xn ug{] <
;To]Gb|n] k|Zg g} unt ePsf]
atfPkl5 ToxfF ;Ggf6f 5fof] .
cfz'tf]ifn] tTsfn} ;f]w] k|Zg unt
lyof] eg]/ s;/L ltdLn] eGg ;S5f} <
;To]Gb|n] k|fWofks cfz'tf]ifs} ;fd'Gg]
k|ZgnfO{ unt ;fljt u/]/ b]vfOlbP .
To;kl5 cfz'tf]ifn] pgnfO{ wfk df/]/
tfl/km ug{ yfn] . pgsf] k|ltefsf] sb/
ub{} :gftsf]Q/ pQL0f{ u/];uF } cfz'tf]ifn]
;To]Gb|nfO{ snsQf ljZjljBfnosf]
k|fWofksdf lgo'Qm u/] .

sf7df8f}F . OG6/g]6 hfPG6 ofx'sL

k|dv
' sfo{sf/L clws[t Dofl/;f d]o/n]
zlgjf/ d] #) df $) cf}F hGdlbg dgfOg\ .
;g\ !(&% d] #) df cd]l/sfdf hlGdPsL
d]o/ ofx'sL l;Ocf] / cWoIf klg x'g\ .
Soflnkmf]lg{ofsf] ;gk|mflG;:sf]df a:g]
d]o/sf] lhjgz}nL lgs} eJo gx'g] s'/}
ePg . pgn] nufpg] sk8f, 38L,
u/uxgfb]lv lnP/ pgsf] ;a} nfOkm:6fOn
lgs} ozk"0f{ 5 . Dofl/;fsf] ldNg] ;fyLsf]
?kdf /x]sf rlr{t xlnp8 gflosfx?
Oaf n+uf]l/of tyf Sofd?h lbofhn]
ef]U;nfO{ s]xL ;docl3 Pp6f cGtjf{tf{
lbPsf lyP . To;df pgLx?n] cfkm\gL
ldq Dofl/;fsf nflu @) j6f sflZd/L
klx/g v/Lb u/]sf] atfPsf lyP, h;sf]
d"No k|To]ssf] em08} # nfv k5{ . Dofl/;fn]
nufpg] 38L cf]du] f 8] len] a|f08sf] xf] .
;'gaf6 ag]sf] of] 38Lsf] d"No @) xhf/
8n/ cyf{t em08} @) nfv ?k}ofF k5{ .
olt dfq sxfF xf] / < Dofl/;f / pgsf
kl5 Hofs a|fu a:g] cflnzfg 3/ 5,
h;sf] d"No # s/f]8 %) nfv 8n/
cyf{t\ em08} ;f9] # ca{ ?k}ofF k5{ .
To:t} Dofl/;fn] af]Sg] u/]sf] sfnf]
Xof08Aofusf] d"No $ xhf/ 8n/ cyf{t\
em08} $ nfv ?k}ofF k5{ .
Dofl/;f Snfl;sn gt{sL klg x'g\ .
ef]U;sf] l/kf]6{ cg';f/ pgdf aRr}bl] v gfRg]
zf]v lyof] . pgL clxn] klg xKtfdf em08}
#% 306f gfr]/} latfpFl5g\ . ;fob gfrs}

e/t bfxfn
/fHok|zf;g h:tf] 5, o:t} /xg lbg] .
bnx? h:tf 5g\, o:t} /xg lbg] .
/fxt gfdsf] c/fhstf h:tf] 5, o:t}
/xg lbg] . /fxtdf ePsf] e|i6frf/nfO{
;fdfGo cfnf]rgfsf] d'2f agfP/
cfkm\gf] efudf jfu{l] g ug{] . ;xof]usf]
kx'r
F af6 alGrt /x]sf e"sDk kLl8tx?
d/] dg{ lbg] . ;DalGwt lhNnfsf ;f+;bx?n] l;8Lcf]sf] g]tT[ jsf
ldn]/ sfd ug{ ul/Psf] ;/sf/L lg0f{osf] wHhL p8fpFb} cfcfkm\gf
e'm08sf gfddf ;'? ePsf] slyt k'g:yf{kgfsf] c/fhstfnfO{
hf/L /fv]/ l;i6d klg c:tJo:t agfO{ /xg] .
b]zdf x'bF } cfPsf] eb|uf]nsf] h8 gLlt ljlxg xf] eGg] s'/f k|i6 5
t/ s;}n] klg gLltut ;'wf/sf nflu g pRr/0f u/]sf 5}gg\ .
o:tf] cj:yfdf ca k|Zg p7\5 slyt ;xdltsf] /fli6o ;/sf/
eg]sf] s] xf] / Tof] s]sf nflu xf] < b]zhgtfk|lt ;a}sf] Pp6}
b[li6sf]0f /x]sf] ;Gbe{df ;'zLn sf]O/fnf afx]ssf] ;/sf/n] ug{]
gofF sfd s] xf] < ;Qf ;fem]bf/L gx'bF f;Dd sfdddf pmhf{ gcfpg]
eGg] Psy/Lsf] s'/fnfO{ ;lx dfGg] xf] eg] of] eGbf u}/lhDd]jf/L /
3[l0ft ;Qf lnK;fsf] gd"gf csf{] x'g ;Sb}g .

s'g} ;xdlt xft nfUg] 5fF6 b]lvof] eg]

oLgLx?nfO{ klg ;/sf/df hf]l8lbg] /
cGoyf ;+;bjfbL df]rf{ lr/f kfg{
Pdfcf]jfbLnfO{ pkof]u ug{k' g{] s'/fdf
;Lldt /x]/ v]n cl3 a9fpg'kg{] cj:yf
cfP logLx?nfO{ ;8sdf /fv]/ lglj{sNk
k|ltkIfL agfpg] lbNnLsf] /0fgLlt 5 .
5}7f}+ k|sf/sf] k|jl[ t kfgL hxfhsf
d";fx?sf] xf] . cfkm\gf] d'vdf cfFk gemg{]
kSsf b]vk] l5 logLx?sf] sfd bnleq
Kjfn kf/]/ ;+:yfkg kIfnfO{ cSs/ kfg{'
/x]sf] 5 . cfkm\gf] afXo sg]S;g
cg' ; f/ slyt /fli6 o ;/sf/sf]
cfjZostf ePsf] s'/f klg ug{] /
aflx/sfnfO{ k|:tfj ubf{ bnleq cfk"m
cK7f/f]df kg{] 8/n] ;dosf] xbDofb
/fv]/ ;/sf/ abNg'kg{] pkb]z lbg]
o:tf tTjx? sf+u;
]| Pdfn]df al9 5g\ .
logLx?sf] d'Vo Wo]o ;Qf ;lds/0fdf
cfkm\gf] xft alnof] kfg{ zlQms]Gb|x?sf]
k"/ssf] e"ldsf v]Ng' xf] .
lo ;a} ax'?kL cg'xf/sf aLrdf
b]lvg] cgf}7f] ;dfgtf logLx?sf] ;ftf}+
k|jl[ tsf ?kdf k|s6 ePsf] 5 . b]zleq
k;]sf ljb]zL ;]gf x6fpg] k|:tfj s;}sf]
5}g, e"sDk l;lh{t bL3{sflng ;d:of
;dfwfgsf] Ph]G8f 5}g, Jojl:yt a:tL
a;fpg] of]hgf 5}g, lgdf{0fsf nflu
cfjZos hgzlQmnfO{ tflnd lzIff lbg]
;f]+r 5}g, lj5[n ?kdf b]vfk/]sf]
k|zf;gnfO{ cg'zfl;t ug{] lrGtf 5}g,
p7]sf] /fxtdf a9\bf] e|i6frf/ lgoGq0f
ug{] k|lta4tf 5}g / lo ofjt ;d:of
;dfwfgsf nflu h?/L gLltut ;'wf/sf]
t s'/} 5}g .
/fHok|zf;g h:tf] 5, o:t} /xg
lbg] . bnx? h:tf 5g\, o:t} /xg lbg] .
/fxt gfdsf] c/fhstf h:tf] 5, o:t}
/xg lbg] . /fxtdf ePsf] e|i6frf/nfO{
;fdfGo cfnf]rgfsf] d'2f agfP/ cfkm\gf]
efudf jfu{l] g ug{] . ;xof]usf] kx'r
F af6
alGrt /x]sf e"sDk kLl8tx? d/] dg{
lbg] . ;DalGwt lhNnfsf ;f+;bx?n]
l;8Lcf]sf] g]tT[ jsf ldn]/ sfd ug{
ul/Psf] ;/sf/L lg0f{osf] wHhL p8fpFb}
cfcfkm\gf e'm08sf gfddf ;'? ePsf]
slyt k'g:yf{kgfsf] c/fhstfnfO{ hf/L
/fv]/ l;i6d klg c:tJo:t agfO{
/xg] .
b]zdf x'bF } cfPsf] eb|uf]nsf] h8
gLlt ljlxg xf] eGg] s'/f k|i6 5 t/
s;}n] klg gLltut ;'wf/sf nflu g
pRr/0f u/]sf 5}gg\ . o:tf] cj:yfdf
ca k|Zg p7\5 slyt ;xdltsf]

/fli6o ;/sf/ eg]sf] s] xf] / Tof]

s]sf nflu xf] < b]zhgtfk|lt ;a}sf]
Pp6} b[li6sf]0f /x]sf] ;Gbe{df ;'zLn
sf]O/fnf afx]ssf] ;/sf/n] ug{] gofF
sfd s] xf] < ;Qf ;fem]bf/L gx'bF f;Dd
sfdddf pmhf{ gcfpg] eGg] Psy/Lsf]
s'/fnfO{ ;lx dfGg] xf] eg] of] eGbf
u}/lhDd]jf/L / 3[l0ft ;Qf lnK;fsf]
gd"gf csf{] x'g ;Sb}g .
;/sf/sf] s'/f r'lxg'eGbf klxn]
kb afF8kmfF8sf nflu sf]7] a}7s x'g,]
k|wfgdGqLsf nflu cd"s JolQmsf]
ls6fgL x'g] / o;}sf axfgfddf
;+ljwfgsf ljifoj:t'df k'gM ;t{x?
/fVg] h'g k|so[ f b]lvPsf] 5, o;n]
o;sf k5fl8 cGo s'/fx? /x]sf] tYo
k|i6 kfl/;s]sf] 5 . tL s'/fx?dWo]
klxnf] xf] e"sDksf gfddf bnfnx?sf
aLrsf] emu8fnfO{ k'ghL{jg lbP/
;fd|fHojfbLx?sf] g]kfn lj/f]lw v]nnfO{
k'g;{+ul7t ug{' . e"sDk k|s/0fn]
v]nnfO{ cfem]ndf gkf/f]: eGg] s'/fdf
caflG5t tTjx? ;r]t 5g\ .
bf]>f] s'/f e"sDk k|s/0fnfO{
la;f{pg' xf] . clxn] g]kfnsf] lgdf{0fsf]
k|Zgn] cfd g]kfnLx?sf] dly+unnfO{
5f]Psf] 5 . g]kfn lgdf{0fsf] k|Zg
;fd|fHojfbL zlQmx?sf] x:tIf]k /
jr{Zjsf] cGTosf] k|Zg;+u hf]l8Psf]
5 . t;y{ , ltgLx?n] bnx?sf
aLrsf] emu8f rsf{P/ of] ;+be{nfO{
ljid[ltsf] ue{df ws]Ng rfx]sf 5g\ .
of] sfd clxn];Dd b]vfk/]sf] ;Qf
;lds/0f pN6fP/ dfq x'g;Sg]
ePsf]n] To;sf ;fd|fHojfbLx?n] cf
cfkm\gf e/kbf{ Ph]G6 / bnfnx?nfO{
ckTofl/nf] u7aGwg lgdf{0f ug{]
lbzfdf ws]n]sf 5g\ .
t]>f] s'/fsf] ;/f]sf/, ;femf
;/sf/sf] cfj/0fdf ;s];Dd ;a}nfO{
dgfP/ g]kfn k;]sf afXo ;]gf /
lj1sf] vf]nsf hf;';x?nfO{ j}wflgs
?kd}+ nfdf] ;do oxfF /fVg] s'/f
l:js[t u/fpg] / Tof] geP bnx?nfO{
;Qf l5gfemlK6df le8fP/ e"sDksf]
emNsf] ] p7\ g } glbg] of] h gf;+ u
hf] l 8Psf] 5 . ltgsf aLrdf
klxnf] d f ;xdlt x' g sf nflu
;+ljwfgsf d'2fdf cf};t ;xdlt
rflxG5, hf] ;xh 5}g . ctM /fli6o
;/sf/sf] hfn kl5Nnf] ljsNk;+u
Psbd}+ glhs b]lvG5 . bnfnx?sf]
clxn]sf] /fhgLltsf] ;f/tTj olx xf] .

sf/0f xf]nf, $) jif{sf] pd]/df klg pgsf]

lhp8fn lgs} lkm6 5 . Dofl/;f d]o/n]
ofx'eGbf cufl8 csf{] sDkgL u'undf klg

Dofl/;fsf] tna !! s/f]8 &) nfv 8n/

cyf{t\ !! ca{ &) s/f]8 ?k}ofF /x]sf] 5 .
kl5Nnf] s]xL jif{otf pgL ofx'df cfa4

sfd ul/;s]sL l5g\ . pgL u'un Dofk,

u'un cy{, Hofu]6 tyf :6L6 Eo" nufotsf
u'unsf :yfgLo tyf ef}uf]lns ;]jf;DaGwL
ljefu ;Dxfn]sL lyOg\ . ;g\ @)!$ df
kmRo{g' klqsfn] lgsfn]sf] $) jif{eGbf sd
pd]/sf k|efjzfnL dfG5]sf] ;"lrdf pgL
5}7f}F :yfgdf k/]sL lyOg\ . pgL ljZjsL
;a}eGbf zlQmzfnL dlxnfsf] ?kdf klg
5gf]6 e};s]sL l5g\ . kl5Nnf] % jif{df

l5g\ . Dofl/;f d]o/sf] ljjfx Hofs a|u;Fu

;g\ @))( sf] l8;]Da/ !@ df ePsf] xf] .
pgsf] sf]vaf6 ;g\ @)!@ ;]K6]Da/ #)
df Dofsln:6/ a|u gfdsf 5f]/f hlGdP .
Dofl/;f Joj;flosf ?kdf hlt ;kmn l5g\
pgL ;kmn cfdf klg x'g\ . clkm;af6 3/
kmls{Pkl5 pgn] 5f]/f tyf kltnfO{ kof{Kt
;do lblG5g\ . oBlk 5f]/fnfO{ ldl8ofdf
k|rf/ ug{] s'/ftkm{ eg] pgnfO{ ?rL 5}g .

;o k"0ff{+sdf ! ;o !) c+s kfpg] JolQm oL x'g\ ofx'sL xflsd Dofl/;f

sn]hdf k|l;4 j}1flgs hulbzrGb|

af]; tyf k|km'Nn rGb| /fo h:tf
lzIfsx?n] k9fpFy] . d]3gfy ;fx /
k|;fGt rGb| dxfng]le; ;To]Gb|sf
;xkf7L lyP . sIffdf ;To]Gb| k|yd /

/fatOfc t]u $@ 7h
] nf; @&)@

bb{gfs kl/l:yltdf ls+sQ{Joljd'9 /fhgLltsdL{

k|hftGq k'g:yf{kgf kZrft\ hg
ck]Iff k"/f x'g g;s]sf] cj:yfdf
hg cfGbf]ngsf eLif0f ;+3if{n] k'/ftg
/fHo Joj:yfsf] zf;g k4ltdf s]xL
km]/ abn ul/ lg/Gt/tf lbg] slyt
k|hftGqjfbLsf] df]x dfq e+u u/]g,
hg ck]Iffsf ;jfnnfO{ :yflkt g}
u/fof] . cfGbf] n gaf6 ;[ l ht
afWofTds cj:yfdf ;+ 3 Lo
nf] s tflGqs u0ftGq sf] hg
;jfnnfO{ dfg]klg /fHo k'g;{/+ rgf
ul/ hg ;jfnnfO{ :yfkgf ug{
/fHokIf tyf ljkIfsf /fhgLlts
bnx dfgl;s kn] tof/
b]lvPg . v;juL{o g]t[Tjsf kIf
ljkIfsf /fhgLlts bnxdf ;+3Lo
nf]stflGqs u0ftGqaf/]sf] pbf;Lgtf
a9\b} uPsf] cj:yf tyf ;f];+u}
;/f]sf/jfnf zlQmxnfO{ sdhf]/
kfg]{ /fHo Joj:yfsf] tLa| dgf]sfFIffn]
cGt/Ld ;+ljwfgdf ;dfj]z ;+3Lo
nf]stflGqs u0ftGq sf] eljio
cGof]nu|:t eof] .
;+ l jwfg ;efsf] :yfkgfn]
oyfl:yltjfbLsf] dgf]sfFIff k"0f{ gx'g]
ePsf]n] o;nfO{ k|efjxLg cj:yfdf
/fVg hGdfPsf /fhgLlts ult/f]w
lbgfg'lbg a9fpFb} nluof] . cfkmgf]
/fhgLlts k|lti7fnfO{ sfod ug{
cufl8 ;fl/Psf x7jfbL ljrf/sf]
kf/:kl/s 6s/fjn] /fhgLlts
bnxnfO{ /fli6o Ph]08faf6 6f9f
dfq u/fPg, ;xsfo{sf] ;DefjgfnfO{
klg ;dfKt kfl/ lbof] . cfkmgf]
:jfy{kl" t{sf] dfWod agfpg ;xsfo{
/ ;xdtLnfO{ kl/eflift ul/of] .
k]jfsf] kdf k|oQ
' m ;xdtLn] ;a}
/fhgLlts bnxaLrsf] ldng laGb'
vf]Hg ;s]g . kf/:kl/s ltQmtf tLa|
kdf a9\b} hfFbf of] Jojxf/ cZnLn
ufnL unf}hdf k'u]kl5 /fhgLlts
jftfj/0f laiffQm aGg k'Uof] .
klxnf] ;+ljwfg ;efdf y'kfl/Psf
/fhgLlts ult/f]wsf kmf]xf]/ bf]>f]
;+ljwfg ;efn] klg x6fpg ;s]g .
tfhf hgfb]zsf] kdf :yflkt bf]>f]
;+ljwfg ;efnfO{ klg !* dlxgf
lat]sf lbgdf klg ;fy{s lg0f{o lng
;Sg] l:yltdf cfpg lbO{Pg . @)&!
df3 * ut] ;+ljwfg 3f]if0ff ug]{ k"j{
lgwf{l/t ;do klg kf/:kl/s em}+
emu8f d} laTof] . /fhgLlts
ult/f]wn] ;QfkIf / k|ltkIfaLr d]n
x'g lbPg g}, lgwf{l/t ;dodf ;+ljwfg

pk]Gb| emf

cfP gcfP g]kfnL sfFu|];n] ;/sf/

5f8\g] / Pdfn]sf] g]t[Tjdf ;/sf/
agfpg] kf/:kl/s k|lta4tf cg';f/
df3 * ut] kZrft\ g]kfnL sfFu|];sf]
;/sf/n] lg/Gt/tf kfPkl5 ;QfkIf
u7aGwgdf /x] s f] Pdfn] ;d] t
c;Gt'i6 x'g k'u] : . cfkm}n] ;[hgf
u/]sf] /fhgLltsf] laiffQm jftfj/0fdf
Pdfn] cWoIf s] = kL=zdf{ cf] n L
k|wfgdGqL aGg] cj;/af6 al~rt
x'g k'uk] l5 cfkmgf] cfqmfds Jojxf/
tLa| kdf a9] k l5 k| l tkIf
cfGbf]ngdf hfg afWo eof] .
g]kfnL sfFu;
]| / Pdfn]sf] s'/fdf
;xdtL hgfpg k|ltkIfnfO{ afWo
agfPkl5 cfGbf]ngsf] cj:yf ;[hgf
eof] . ;QfkIfsf] ;fdGtL z}nLsf] of]
k/fsfi7f lyof] . k|ltkIfnfO{ zlQm
;+ro ug{ afWo agfPkl5 k|ltkIfsf]
u7aGwgdf wdfwd ;+3Lotf kIfw/
zlQmx hDdf x'g yfNof] . ;+3if{sf]
k|fk tof/ x'bF } lyof] . kmfNu'g !^
ut]sf] cfGbf]ngn] ljut cfGbf]ngsf]
ememNsf] lbPkl5 cfGbf]ngnfO{ efF8g\
g]kfnL sfFu;
]| n] k|ltkIfnfO{ jftf{sf]
cfdGq0f lbof] . kf6L{ut :jfy{, ;fdGtL
Jojxf/ / ljhof]Gdfbn] ;xdtLnfO{ t
abgfd uof] g}, 6f9f;Dd lgsfzsf
nIf0fx b]lvb}GYof] . ;+ljwfg agfpg]
k|lta4tfnfO{ la;]/{ cfkmgf] k|lti7fnfO{
;jf]k{ l/ 7fGg] /fhgLlts bnxsf]
k|ltlGtf r/d ;Ldfdf k'us
] f] lyof] .
g]kfnL sfFu|];, Pdfn]sf] ;+ljwfg
;efaf6 ;+ljwfg agfpg] lsl~rt
dg;fo g/x]sf]n] g} /fhgLlts
ult/f]wsf] ufF7f] sl:;Psf] lyof] .
;+ljwfg ;ef /x'~h]n ;+3Lo
nf]stflGqs u0ftGq sf] cfjfh p7L
/xg] ePsf]n] g]kfnL sfFu|]; Pdfn]
j}slNks kl/l:yltsf] vf]hLdf lyof] .
Pp6f o:tf] rdTsfl/s kl/l:ylt
h;af6 ;+ljwfg ;efaf6 d'lQm ldnf];\
sf] vf]hL eO{ /x]sf] lyof] . ;+3Lotfsf]
;jfndf g]kfnL sfFu|]; / Pdfn]
dfgl;s kn] s/La s/La d'Qm eO{
;s]sf] lyof] . ca cfjZostf lyof]
hg ;jfn p7fpg] ;+ljwfg ;ef
Joj:yfkgsf] . Pp6f km/s kl/l:ylt
;[hgf ug{ lxGb" /fHosf] :yfkgf ug]{
k|rf/fTds k|of; klg ePs} xf] . s]xL
lbg lxGb" /fHosf] rrf{ g] k fnL
dLl8ofdf /x]klg o;n] Jofkstf

kfpg g;s] kl5 j}slNks af6f] k|fKt

ug{ ;lsPg .
@)&@ a}zfv !@ ut] zlgjf/
lbgsf] !!=%^ df uf]/vfsf] jfkf{snfO{
s]Gb| agfP/ &=^ /]S6/sf] e"sDkn]
sf7df08f}+ nufot !$ j6f lhNnfdf
ljWj+ z dRrfPaf6 /fhgLlts
n8fO{sf] tTsfn} cGt eof] . x'gt
o:tf] ljsNk s;}n] rfx]sf] lyPg .
e"sDksf] ljgfz nLnf b]v]/ ;f/f
;+;f/ :tAw ePsf] lyof] eg] bnxsf
g]tfxsf] s] lazft\ < dfcf]jfbL
Gaf6 sxfnL nfUbf] kL8faf6 d'Qm
x'g] kvf{Od{ f /x]sf xhf/f}+ g]kfnL hgtf
ljgfzsf/L b}jL k|sf]ksf lzsf/ eP .
nfvf} + 3/x Wj:t eP . of]
ljgfznLnfn] ;[hgf u/]sf] cft+saf6
dflg;x d'Qm x'g gkfpFb} a}zfv
@( ut] bf]nvfsf] ;'gvfgLnfO{ s]Gb|
agfP/ ^=( /]S6/sf] e"sDkn] bf]nvf
nufot sf7df08f} pkTosfdf /x]sf
rs]{sf xhf/f}+ 3/x Wj:t eP .
of] 36gfn] ;a}nfO{ :tAw agfPsf]
cj:yfdf /fhgLlts n8fO{ t nfdf]
;dosf nflu aGb g} eof] . cGwf]n]
cfFvf vf]h] h:t} eujfgn] j}slNks
dfu{ k|bfg ul/ /fhgLlts kf/:kl/s
GnfO{ :ylut ul/ lbof] . hgtf,
k|a4' ju{, gful/s cu'jf, ;QfkIf jf
k|ltkIf -/fhgLlts bn_ ;a}sf]
d'vdf laiffbsf /]vfx kl/nlIft
5g\ / ;a} kLl8tnfO{ /fxt k'ofpg]
Psdfq sfddf Jo:t 5g\ . ljgfzsf]
qf;bLk"0f{ cj:yfdf hxfF nfvf}+ g]kfnL
hgtf jiff{ofd z' x'g nfUbf klg
;'/lIft jf; kfpg g;s]/ lqkfndf a:g
afWo ePsf] kL8fbfos cj:yfdf
lhDd]jf/Laf]w eP/ klg /fhgLlts
bnsf cu'jfx /fxt lbg c;Ifd eP/
cfTdUnfgLsf] kL8f ef]uL /x]sf 5g\ .
gj g]kfn lgdf{0fsf] qmddf
/fhwfgLnfO{ cGt/f{li6o dfkb08sf]
cfwf/df >[Fuf/ ul/ /x]sf] a]nf of]
b}jL k|sf]kn] ef}lts ;+/rgf dfq
Wj:t kf/]g, dflg;sf] efjgfnfO{ klg
Wj:t kf/]/ l5of l5of agfPsf] 5 .
dflg;sf] ;DklQ gfz ePsf] 5 .
dgf]an 6'6]sf] 5 . O{R5f cfsfFIff
cfxt ePsf] 5 . w}o{ 6'6]sf] 5 .
ddtf, jfT;No ddf{xt ePsf] 5 .
sf]O{ ef]u/] 6'6s
] f] 5, sf]xL x]//] 6'6s
] f]
5 . d[To';u+ sf] k|ToIf e]6+ df afFRg]x

cft+lst hLjg afFrL /x]sf 5g\ .

b]zdf ljBdfg /x]sf ljgfzsf
bb{gfs kl/l:yltdf ls+sQ{Joljd'9
ePsf /fhgLlts sdL{xdf k'jj{ t\
x7sf] /fhgLltdf lj/fd lrGx nfu]sf]
efg\ x'g yfn]sf] 5 . kf/:kl/s G
;]nfPsf] 5 . ljWj+zdf /fxt lbnfpg
;xefuL x'g] afWotfnfO{ g}ltstfaz
s;}n] OGsf/ klg ug{ ;Sb}g . clxn]
x7jfbL /fhgLltsf ck|f;fFlus uLt
ufpg] d'vt{ f klg s;}n] ug{ ;Sb}g .
ug'{ klg x'Fb}g . a ;xsfo{sf]
cEof;nfO{ cufl8 a9fpg] kl/l:ylt
cfPsf] a]nf oxL cEof; :jfefljs
kn] a9\g' kb{5 .
e"sDkn] Psflt/ ljk'n ljWj+zsf]
kdf ;a}sf] cx+sf/nfO{ tf]8]sf] 5
eg] sQ{JoRo"t ePsf /fhgLlts
cu' j fxnfO{ klg clgi6sf/L
kl/l:yltaf6 ;r] t u/] s f] 5 .
;xsfo{ s f nflu kl/l:yltn]
afWofTds cj:yf ;[hgf ul/ lbPsf]n]
/ k'glg{df{0fsf nflu nfdf] ;do;Dd
;xsfo{ ul/ /xFbf kf/:kl/s ltQmtf
x6\ g ] 5 / /fhgLltsdL{ x df
sQ{Joaf]wsf] efjgf hfUg] ;Defjgf
5 . c1fgtfjz ;a}df knfPsf
:jfy{k"lQ{sf cx+sf/ x6fP/ /fli6o
;d:ofk|lt ;Da]bgzLn aGg] ;b\al' 4
cfcf];\ kl/l:yltn] oxL l;sfO{ /x]sf]
5 . ;xsfo{sf] cEof;n] e"sDk
kLl8tnfO{ /fxt lbnfpg'sf] ;fy}
/fhgLltsf] If]qdf klg gj phf{ k|bfg
ul/ b] z df cdg r} g Nofpg
/fhgLltsdL{ n fO{ ;Ifd agfpg
;sf];\, o;}df ;xsfo{ / ;xdtLsf]
zflAbs cy{ k"/f x'g5
] cGoyf h+unL
hgfj/ h:t} h+unL sfg"gdf oL
/fhgLlts bnx xf]ldg] ;Defjgf
klg plts} 5 .
nfdf] ;do;Dd G Jof]xf]/]sf]
g]kfnL hgtfn] km]l/ b}jL k|sf]ksf]
ljgfz Jof]xf]/s
] f] 5 . ljgfzsf 3fpdf
dnxd nufpg] elgP klg nfdf]
;do;Dd klg 3fpsf] kL8f lnP/
afFRg' kbf{ Tof] slt kL8fbfos xf]nf,
/fhgLltsdL{nfO{ o;sf] cg'e"lt
ePsf] eP ;dod} g]kfnL hgtfn]
/fxt kfpg] lyP . To;f] ePg .
;DejtM e"sDksf] wSsfn] cx+sf/sf
k/tnfO{ x6fPsf] x'g' kb{5 . cfzf
u/f}+ xfdL o;kl5 cfznfUbf] gofF
jftfj/0fdf k|j]z ug]{5f}+ .
dw]z bk{0faf6

ca :df6{sf/

sf7df8f}F . ;+;f/e/ g} sf/sf]

;+Vofsf] cg'kftdf kfls{ :ynsf] cefj
ePsf] u'gf;f] ;'lgG5 . g]kfnd} klg
sf/wgLx kls{sf nflu :yfg kof{Kt
gePsf] atfpF5g\ . t/, ca clxn]
eg] o:t} ;d:ofnfO{ Wofgdf /fv]/ gofF
k|ljlwo'Qm sf/sf] lgdf{0f ul/Psf] 5 .
of] sf/n] kfls{ :yfgcg';f/ cfsf/
kl/jt{g ug{ ;S5 . lgs6 eljiodf
of] :df6{ sf/ lgs} nf]slk|o aGg]
lj1xsf] cg'dfg 5 . cfkm\gf]
cfjZostfcg';f/ /f]lsPsf] :yfgdf
rf/}lt/ 3'Dg] Ifdtf of] sf/df 5 .
:jrflnt of] sf/ h:tf];s
' } af6f]df
pkof]uL x'g] aLaL;Ln] pNn]v u/]sf]
5 . ;fy}, sf/ kfs{ ug{] lrGtf klg
lng' gkg{] atfOPsf] 5 . lsgeg], sf/n]
cfkm}F kfs{ x'g] Ifdtf /fV5 . b'Oh
{ gf
c6\g] O{cf] gfds of] l;6L sf/ xf] .
s}r
+ Lh:t} v'Ng] of] sf/sf] n"S; :kf]6L{
5 . :df6{ k|ljlwsf] k|of]u ul/Psf] of]
sf/ af]nfpFbf lkscksf nflu ;d]t
pkl:yt x'G5 . ;'/Iffsf lx;fan] ;d]t
of] sf/ lgs} pko'Qm b]lvG5 . lsgeg],
clt lrKnf] af6f]df ;d]t of] ;lhn}
/f]lsG5 . o;sf] lgdf{0f hd{gLsf]
cfl6{lkmlzon O06]lnh]G; /f]af]l6S;
OGgf]ez
] gsf] cg';Gwfg s]Gb|df ul/Psf]
xf] . of] sf/ kmf]/ xa On]lS6s df]6;{sf]

;xfotfn] rN5 . & ;o $* lsnf]uf| d

jhgsf] o;n] ^$ lsnf]ld6/ k|lt
306fsf] clwstd ult lng ;S5 .
cGo sf/sf] t'ngfdf o;sf] lgdf{0fdf
cTolws Unf;sf] k|of]u ul/Psf] 5 .
rSsf PS;nsf] cGTodf hf]l8Psfn]
of] sf/ Ps} :yfgdf /xL rf/}lt/ 3'Dg
;S5 . To;}u/L, sf/sf] rf/cf]6} kf|f
s'g} klg sf]0f -Pn_df Ps}k6s Ps}
lbzfdf 3'dfpg ;d]t ;lsG5 . ;fy},
sf/nfO{ k/Dk/fut sf/xem}+ df]8g\
;lsG5 . of] sf/sf] k|dv
' ljz]iftf s'g}

klg :yfgdf ;xh kfs{ ug{ ;lsg' g}

ePsf] aLaL;Ln] atfPsf] 5 . :jrflnt
kdf s'g} klg :yfgdf ;xh} kfs{ ug{
;lsg] of] sf/ kfls{sf] ;dodf
PS;nnfO{ dfWod agfO{ cufl8af6 p7\g
/ kmf]N8 x'g ;S5 . ctM hxfF ;fwf/0f
sf/ kfs{ ug{ *@ lkm6sf] :yfg
cfjZostf k5{, ToxfF o;nfO{ kfs{ ug{
$( lkm6sf] :yfg kof{Kt x'G5 . u"unsf]
:jrflnt sf/ ;]Nkm 8fOle sf/df em}+
o;df klg ljleGg k|sf/sf ;]G;/sf]
k|of]u ul/Psf] 5 . sf/sf] cl3Nnf] /

kl5Nnf] efudf :6]l/of] Sofd]/f, y|L8L

OGefo/f]Gd]06 :Sofg/ / Od]lh Sofd]/fsf]
k|of]u ul/Psf] 5 . o;sf] ;xfotfn] sf/n]
cfkm\gf] j/k/sf :yfgaf/] hfgsf/L lng
tyf ;hu x'g ;S5 . sf/ lgdf{0fdf
;+nUg ;d"xn] eljiodf sf/df /x]sf
k|ljlwnfO{ yk ljsl;t ug{ ;lsg] ;d]t
bfaL u/]sf] 5 .
clxn] ljsf;stf{ tyf j}1flgsx
O06]lnh]06 l;i6d xfOj]sf] ljsf;df
nfluk/]sf 5g\ . o;sf] ;xfotfn]
eljiodf cg]s sf/nfO{ Ps;fy hf]8/]
rnfpg ;lsg] pgLxn] atfPsf 5g\ .
o;sf] ;xfotfn] sf/xn] cfk"mdf
;l~rt pmhf{ cfjZostf k/]sf a]nf
cGo sf/;Fu cfbfgk|bfg ug{ ;Sg]5g\ .
o;sf] dfWodaf6 sf/df ofqf
ul//x]sfsf] e|d0f yk ;'/lIft x'g]
ljsf;stf{xn] atfP . :jrflnt
kdf rNg] sf/sf sf/0f
rfnsxnfO{ klg /fxt ldNg] atfOPsf]
5 . ;fy}, sf/df k|of]u x'g] k|ljlwsf]
;xfotfn] Ps} sf/sf] ;~rfng
k|0ffnLdfkm{t cg]s sf/ rNg]5 .
clxn]sf] ;dodf eg] of] sf/ sG;]K6
sf/sf kdf dfq k|bz{g ul/Psf] 5 .
To;}n,] cfpg] lbgxdf sf/df yk
k|fljlws ljsf;, kl/dfh{g tyf
kl/jt{g;d]t b]Vg kfOg]5 . Ph]G;L

ko{6g ljz]if
e"sDkn] kz'klt If]qsf () k|ltzt
k'/ftflTjs ;Dkbfdf Iflt
sf7df8f}F . ljgfzsf/L e"sDkn] kz'kltgfysf] d"n dlGb/df s'g} Iflt
geP cGo ;+/rgfdf eg] 7"nf] Iflt k'us
] f] 5 . ljZj ;Dkbf ;"rLdf ;"rLs[t
kz'klt If]qdf e"sDkn] elTsPsf ;+/rgf lgdf{0fsf nflu bftfsf] k|:tfj u/]sf
5g\ . e"sDkn] kz'klt If]qsf () k|ltzt k'/ftflTjs ;Dkbfdf Iflt k'us
] f]
lyof] . h;dWo] &) k|ltzt ;Dkbfsf] hu}bl] v lgdf{0f ug{k' g{] / @) k|ltzt
;Dkbf dd{t ;Def/ u/]/ ;~rfng ug{ ;lsg] k|fljlws cWoogaf6 b]lvPsf]
kz'klt If]q ljsf; sf]ifsf ;b:o ;lrj 8f uf]ljGb 6G8gn] atfP .
lnR5ljsfnLg, dNnsfnLg, dWosfnLg / pQ/ zfxsfnLg ;dodf ag]sf
;Dkbf k|foM Ifltu|:t ag]sf 5g\ . kz'kltsf] d"n dlGb/df s'g} Iflt gk'u] klg
cGo ;+/rgfdf Ps ca{ %^ s/f]8 a/fa/sf] Iflt k'us
] f] k|f/lDes cg'dfg 5 .
h+uaxfb'/ /f0ffn] lj;+ !(@! df lgdf{0f u/]sf] ljZj?k dlGb/, h+uaxfb'/sf
5f]/fn] lj;+ !(#^ df lgdf{0f u/]sf] hLth k|sfz]Zj/ dlGb/, !& cf}F ztfAbLdf
/fhf k|tfk dNnsf 5f]/f g[kG] b| dNnn] lgdf{0f u/]sf] hojfu]Zj/L dlGb/,
k~rb]jn, uf]/vgfy ;Qn, u'Xo]Zj/L ;Qn, dxf:gfg 3/, ah| 3/, zgf/fo0f
dlGb/nufot wd{zfnf / kf6Lkf}jfdf Iflt ePsf] 5 .
kz'kltgfysf] d"n dlGb/df s'g} Iflt geP klg b}lgs ef]u nufpg ef]hg
agfpg] efG;f3/ elTssf] 5 . clxn] o1zfnfdf c:yfoL efG;f3/ ;'? u/]/
lgTo k"hf ;~rfng ul/Psf] lgb{z
] s e/t d/fl;gLn] hfgsf/L lbP .
afnef]unufot kz'kltdf lgTo Pj+ b}lgs ?kdf r9fOg] ef]u agfpg o1zfnfd}
eP klg c:yfoL efG;f ;~rfng u/]sf xf},+ pgn] eg] . e"sDkn] kz'klt If]qdf
k/fk"j{ sfnb]lv ;~rfngdf cfPsf ;Qndf klg Iflt ePsf] 5 . eid]Zj/3f6
;Fus
} f] ;'/z
] sfGt]Zj/ ;Qn eTsFg] cj:yfdf k'us
] f] 5 .
hojfu]Zj/L dlGb/ clxn] Oltxf;s} sl7g cj:yfaf6 u'lh|Psf] k"j{ sf]iffWoIf
Pj+ :yfgLojf;L g/f]Qd j}Bn] atfP . uh'/;lxt Kofuf]8f z}nLdf lgld{t tLgtn]
dlGb/sf] dflyNnf] tnf elTsPsf] 5, h;sf sf/0f lgTo k"hfsf ;dodf ;d]t
kfgL / w'nf] d"n dlGb/d} l5g{ yfn]sf] 5,pgn] eg] . hojfu]Zj/L dlGb/sf] sn]j/
km]g]{ sfd ut jif{ dfq @% nfv vr{ u/]/ ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . k|To]s !@ jif{df
sn]j/ km]g] { ul/Psf] dlGb/ e"sDkn] k'gMlgdf{0f ug{k' g{] u/L elTsPsf] 5 . e"sDkn]
kz'klt If]qsf] alQ;k'tnLdf /x]sf] /fddlGb/ klg k"0f{?kdf Iflt ePsf] 5 . lj;+
!(@* df sdflG8 sg{n] ;gsl;+x 608gn] lgdf{0f u/]sf] /fhsLo u'Dah
z}nLsf] eJo dlGb/sf] rf/}lt/sf] dlGb/ 9n]sf] 5 . kf~rfog z}nLsf] rf/j6f
eTs]sf ;+/rgf k'/ftTj ljefusf] ;Nnfx / g]kfnL ;]gfsf] ;xof]udf eTsfPkl5
aLrsf] d"n dlGb/ klg eTsg] cj:yfdf k'us
] f] 5 .
o;}aLr kz'klt If]qsf] k'gMlgdf{0fsf nflu eQmhgaf6 k|:tfj cfpg ;'?
ePsf] sf]ifn] hfgsf/L lbPsf] 5 . :yfgLo sNof0f zdf{n] hojfu]Zj/L dlGb/
hu}bl] v k'gMlgdf{0f ul/lbg] k|:tfj u/]sf 5g\ . u'? gfgsb]j ;]jf ;f];fO6L
OG6/g];gn Soflnkmf]lg{ofn] hLth k|sfz]Zj/ dlGb/ / To; j/k/ elTsPsf
wd{zfnf lgdf{0f u/L lgoldt cGo If]q ;~rfng ug{ cg'dlt dfu u/]sf] 5 .
o; If]qsf] lgdf{0fdf gf} s/f]8 nfUg] k|f/lDes cg'dfg 5 . ljZj?k dlGb/ /
o; j/k/sf] wd{zfnfsf] lgdf{0f ug{] OR5f g]kfn dxifL{ j}lbs kmfpG8];gn]
hfx]/ u/]sf] 5 . ljZj?k dlGb/sf] k'gMlgdf{0fsf nflu !# s/f]8 nfUg] k|f/lDes
cg'dfg ul/Psf] 5 . of] /sd ljleGg bftfaf6 h'6fP/ klxn]s} snfdf lgdf{0f
ug{] kmfpG8];gsf] k|:tfj 5 . cfgGb v]/ kmfpG8];g a}s
+ sn] klg kz'klt
If]qdf elTsPsf] s]xL ;+/rgf k'gMlgdf{0fsf nflu k|:tfj u/]sf] 5 . kz'kltsf]
e]6L3f6Laf6 hDdf ePsf] !! s/f]8 sf]ifdf ;l~rtL /x]sf] sf]ifsf n]vfzfvf
k|dv
' k|d] xl/ 9'fgfn] hfgsf/L lbP .

;+/If0fsf] kvf{Odf 9s]/L kfs{

sf7df8f}F . afFs] lhNnfs} k|dv

' ko{6sLo If]qsf ?kdf kl/lrt dxfb]jk'/Lsf]
9s]/Ldf cjl:yt jg:ktL pBfg s]Gb| cyf{t 9s]/L kfs{sf] plrt ;+/If0f x'g
g;Sbf pBfg s]Gb| lh0f{ cj:yfdf k'us
] f] 5 . pBfg s]Gb|nfO{ ;'wf/ ug{sf nflu
;DalGwt lgsfon] s'g} kxn gubf{ pBfg s]Gb| s]an aflx/af6 uPsf of}jg
hf]l8x?sf] dg axnfpg] s]Gb| dfq} aGg] u/]sf] 5 . lhNnf jg:ktL sfof{no
afFsn
] ] ;~rfng u/]sf] pBfg s]Gb| ;+/If0fsf] cefjdf emg\emg\ hL0f{ alg/x]sf]
5 . % x]S6/ If]qkmndf km}lnPsf] pBfg s]Gb|sf nflu cfjZos hgzlQm ;d]t
gx'bF f pBfg s]Gb|n] cfk\mgf] d'xf/ km]g{ ;s]sf] 5}g . s]Gb|df xfn % hgf g;{/L
gfos dfl;s Hofnfbf/Lsf ?kdf lgo'Qm ul/Psf] 5 . t/, klg lgoldt ?ddf
/]vb]v / ;+/If0f x'g g;Sbf pBfgs]Gb| cf]em]ndf kb{} u}/x]sf] 5 . pBfg s]Gb|df
/x]sf cgfjZos ?v / ;'ss
] f ?vx? x6fpg g;Sbf cGo jg:ktLx?nfO{
x'sg{ ;d]t ;d:of e}/x]sf] 5 . pQm pBfg s]Gb|df aiff{} klxnfb]lv ;'ss
] f
?vx? x6fpg g;Sbf ;+;f/d} nf]k x'bF } uPsf ag:ktLsf la?jfx? dg{] cj:yfdf
k'us
] f 5g\ .
pBfg s]Gb|df g;{/L gfossf] ?kdf sfo{/t lzj/fh l3ld/]n] cfjZos
hgzlQmsf] cefj / plrt ;+/If0fsf] cefjdf pBfg s]Gb|sf] dxTj g} x/fpg]
cj:yfdf k'Ug yfn]sf] u'gf;f] AoQm u/] . pgn] eg] Jojl:yt tf/ hfnLsf]
Joj:yf 5}g, h'g;'s} a]nf :yflgosf ufO{ e};L cfP/ pBfg s]Gb|df cft+s
dRrfO/xG5g\ . xfdL yf]/} 5f}, xfdLn] dfq} s;/L lgoGq0f ug{] < lj=;+= @)$^
;fnb]lv g;{/Lsf ?kdf lasl;t ul/Psf] pBfgnfO{ lj=;= @)%^ ;fndf
pBfg s]Gb|sf ?kdf :yfkgf ul/Psf] lyof] . clt g} nf]kf]Gd'v hftsf af]6la?jfx?
kfO{g] 9s]/L pBfg s]Gb| kl5Nnf] ;dodf ;+/If0fs} cefjdf nf]k x'g] cj:yfdf
k'us
] f 5 . 9s]/Ldf /x]sf] pBfg s]Gb| canf]sgdf nflu lbgxF' ;of}s
+ f] ;+Vofdf
dflg;x? cfphfp ug{] ub{5g\ . xfd|f] Aofkf/sf] d'Vo cs{if0f g} 9s]/Ldf /x]sf]
pBfg s]Gb| xf] . t/ kl5Nnf] ;dodf pBfg s]Gb| ;+/If0fsf nflu s;}n] klg
kxn gubf{ xfd|f] Aofkf/ ;d]t w/fzoL aGg] cj:yfdf k'us
] f] 5, 9s]/L ;'wf/
;ldltsf cWoIf laZj/fh vgfnn] atfP . pQm pBfg kfs{ ko{6sLo lx;fan]
dfq} dxTjk"0f{ geO{ ;+;f/d} nf]kf]Gd'v k|hftLsf la?jf pTkfbg x'g] 7fpFsf
?kdf klg kl/lrt 5 . ToxfF s'l/nf] cdnf ;k{uGwf, o' s'df/L nufotsf
@*% k|hftLsf la?jfx? kfO{g] ub{5 .
wfld{s dxTjsf b[li6sf]0fn] lgs} g} dxTjk'0f{ dflgPsf la?jfx? a]nkq,
;dL ?b|fIf, knf;, >Lv08 rGbg, sk'/, ;'uGw sf]lsnfnufotsf la?jfx?
kgL ;f] pBfg kfs{df kfO{G5 . t/ hlt g} dxTj af]ss
] f] eP klg ;DalGwt
lgsfon] 9s]/Lsf] jg:klt pBfg kfs{sf] ;+/If0fdf s'g} jf:tf gubf{ dxTjk'0f{
?v la?jfx? ;d]t gi6 x'g] vt/f a9]sf] 5 .

/fatOfc t]u $@ 7h
] nf; @&)@

e"sDkn] /f0ffsfnLg b/af/x? Wj:t

sf7df8f}F . ut a}zfv !@ ut]
uPsf] ljgf;sf/L e"sDkn] k|foM
P]ltxfl;s ;+/rgf Wj:t agfPsf]
5 . a}zfv !@ ut]sf] ljgf;sf/L
e"sDkn] /f0ffsfndf lgld{t ef}lts
;+/rgfx? k|foM ;a} 9fn]sf] 5 .
l;+xb/af/df /x]sf] k|wfgdGqL
sfof{nosf] d'Vo ejg;d]t k"0f{?kdf
Ifltu|:t ePsf] 5 . of] e"sDk;Fu}
ca /f0ffsfnLg ef}lts ;+/rgfsf]
o'u ;dfKt ePsf] 5 . e"sDkn]
/fhwfgLdf /x] s f clwsf+ z
/f0ffsfnLg b/af/x? Ifltu|:t
ePsf 5g\ . P]ltxfl;s dxTj
af]s]sf clwsf+z b/af/ k|j]z ug{}
g;lsg] cj:yfdf k'u]sf 5g\ .
/f0ffx?n] lgdf{ 0 f u/] s f oL
b/af/x?s} e/df clxn];Dd 7"nf
;/sf/L sfof{no l6s]sf lyP .
/fi6 k lt lgjf; / k| w fgdGqL
sfof{nob]lv ;/sf/sf] s]Gb|Lo
9's'6L /x]sf] /fi6 a}+s;d]t ca
gofF agfpg'kg{] ePsf] 5 . k'/fgf]
jf:t'snfsf] k|ltlglwTj ug{s
' f ;fy}
g]kfn ;/sf/sf] d'Vo k|zf;lgs
lgsfosf ?kdf /x]sf /f0ffsfnLg
ejgx? pkTosfdf s:tf] xfntdf
k'us
] f 5g\ . uta}zfv !@ ut] uPsf]
ljgf;sf/L e"sDkn] Wj:t agfPsf]
/f0ffsfnLg b/af/x? o; k|sf/ /x]sf
5g\
l;+ x b/af/ d' V o ejg
rGb| ;d;] / n] agfPsf]
l;+xb/af/sf] d'Vo k|zf;sLo ejg
e" s Dkn] elTsPsf] 5 . /Iff
dGqfno;d] t /x] s f] of] ejg
elTsPkl5 glhs hfg ;"rgf 6fF;/]
/f]s nufOPsf] 5 . /]8 l:6s/ kfPsf]
of] ejgaf6 /Iff dGqfnonfO{ ;fl/Psf]
5 . l;+xb/af/sf] d'Vo ejgsf] 5fgf
v;]sf] 5 . jfnx? elTsPsf 5g\,
6f9}af6 lrl/Psf] 5 . d'n'ss} zf]
s]; sf ?kdf lnOg] of] ejg
k'glg{df{0f ;d]t ug{ gldNg] u/L
elTsPsf] ToxfF sfo{/t sd{rf/L
atfpF5g\ . ejgaf6 e'OF d{ f O{6+ f v;]sf
5g\ . leq hfg} g;lsg] u/L jfn /
l;lnx? elTsPsf] sd{rf/Ln] atfP .
aa/ dxn
;8s ljefu / dxfn] v f
k/LIfssf] sfof{no /x]sf] aa/dxn
e"sDkn] nueu Wj:t ePsf] 5 .
rGb| ;d;]/sf kfnfdf ag]sf] aa/
dxnsf] O{6+ fdf O:jL ;+jt\ !()(
n] l vPsf] e] l 6Psf] 5 . aa/
;dz]/sf] lgjf; ePsfn] o;sf] gfd
aa/dxn ePsf] xf] . dxns} sf/0f
of] 7fpFsf] gfdnfO{ g} aa/dxn
elgGYof] . t/, ca o:tf] cl:yTj
nf]k x'g] l:ylt b]lvPsf] 5 . ;8s
ljefusf sd{rf/Lsf cg';f/ ejg
leqaflx/ b'a}lt/af6 l5ofl5of
ePsf] 5 . l;ln em/]sf] 5, jfnx?
v;]sf 5g\, cfs{ :6fOndf /x]sf
em\ofnx?df klg el6{sn qmfs
ePsf 5g\, 9f]sfx? efFlrPsf 5g\ .
tLg tnf /x]sf] aax/ dxnsf] bf];|f]
tnf em/]/ sfd gnfUg] cj:yfdf
k' u ] s f] 5 . dxfn] v f k/LIfssf]
sfof{no klg sfd} gnfUg] u/L
elTsPsf] 5 . ToxfF sfo{/t sd{rf/L
8/fP/ leq k:g ;s]sf 5}gg\ . of]
ejg k"/} eTsfP/ gofF agfpg'kg{]
cj:yfdf k'u]sf] sd{rf/Lsf] egfO
5 . sfof{nosf] sfd glhs} /x]sf
gofF ejgdf ;f/]/ ug{ yflnPsf] 5 .
k' t nL au} + r f, l;+ x b/af/
o'jf tyf v]ns'b dGqfno / >d
tyf /f]huf/ dGqfno /x]sf] of] ejg
e"sDkn] Ifltu|:t agfPsf] 5 . /ftf]
l:6s/ 6fFl;Psf] of] ejgdf leq
a;]/ sfd ug{ g;lsg] ePkl5
sd{rf/L aflx/} 6]G6 6fFu/] a;]sf 5g\ .
ejgsf] 5fgf] v;]sf] 5, O{+ fx? v;]sf
5g\, leQfx? k'm6]sf 5g\, ;du|df
eGg'kbf{ ejg k"0f{?kdf 8\ofd]h ePsf]

5 . ejg eTsfP/ gofF agfpg'kg{]

cj:yfdf k'u]sf] sd{rf/L atfP .
l;+ x dxn, yfkfynL
yfkfynLl:yt g]kfn /fi6 a}s
+ sf]
sfof{nosf] cufl8sf] efu elTsP/
e'OF d{ f v;]sf] 5 . of] ejg l;+x;dz]/n]
agfPsf] x'gfn] o;sf] gfd l;+x dxn
/x]sf] xf] . elTsPsf] OFfdf !(*$
n]lvPsf] x'bF f ;f]xL ;fndf ejg lgdf{0f
ePsf] cg'dfg ug{ ;lsG5 . rf/

elTsPsf] / rls{Psf] cj:yfdf b]lvg]

of] ejgleq uOg;Sg' ePsf] Ps
l;kfxLn] atfP . n8fO{Fdf Hofg
u'dfpg] ;k'tx?sf] ;Demgfdf !(*@
;fndf rGb| ;d;]/n] of] ejg lgdf{0f
u/]sf x'g\ . ejgsf leQf rls{Psf
5g\ . 7fpF7fpFdf O{6+ f v;]sf 5g\ tL
l;kfxLn] eg] a:g t k/} hfcf];\,
lxF8g\ ;d]t ldNb}g .
axfb' / ejg, sflGtky

tn] of] ejg e"sDksf] 7"n} k|efj

k/]sf] 5 . rf}yf] tnf v;]sf] 5,
leq leQfx? k"/} elTsPsf lrl/Psf
5g\ Ps sd{rf/Ln] eg] ejg
lahf]u cj:yfdf k'u]sf] 5, clkm;
klg ;fl/Psf] 5 . sd{rf/Lx? gofF
ejg / cGoq ;/]sf 5g\ . ejg
aflx/af6} x] b f{ klg IftljIft
cj:yfdf b]lvG5 . ejgsf] cj:yf
ljhf]u 5, leq uP/ x]l/;Sg' 5}g
sd{rf/Ln] eg] . ejg k"0f{ ?kdf
Ifltu|:t ePkl5 ;/sf/n] /ftf]
l:6s/ 6fFl;lbPsf] 5 .
/fi6 a} + s , afn' j f6f/
g]kfn /fi6 a}s
+ sf] afn'jf6f/l:yt
k|zf;lgs ejg ;'j0f{ ;dz]/n]
agfPsf x'g\ . aflx/af6 x]bf{ lgs}
cfsif{s b]lvg] of] ejg e"sDkkl5
s'?k ag]sf] 5 . e"sDkn] cufl8sf]
cfsif{s efu k"/} v;]sf] 5 . leq
klg leQfx? elTsPsf] sd{rf/Ln]
atfP . of] ejgsf tnfx? ;d]t
v;]sf 5g\ . k'/} ejg Ifltu|:t
ePsf] aflx/af6} k| i 6} b] l vG5 .
ejgsf] 5t v;]kl5 e'OFel/ O{+6f
5l/Psf 5g\ . leq a;]/ sfd ug{
;Sg] cj:yf gePkl5 aflx/} 6]G6
6fFu]/ sd{rf/L a;]sf 5g\ .
xl/x/ ejg, k' N rf] s
xl/x/ ejgdf e"sDkaf6 7"nf]
Iflt k'u]sf] 5 . jxfnjfnf tyf
cjsfzk|fKt sd{rf/Lx?sf] clen]v
/ k'/ftflTjs dxTjsf clt dxTjk"0f{
x:tlnlvt u|Gy;lxtsf k':tsx?
/x]sf] xl/x/ ejgdf ;/sf/L lg/LIf0f
6f]nLn] /ftf] l:6s/ 6fF;]sf] 5 . of]
ejg rGb| ;d;]/sf 5f]/f z+s/
;d;]/n] agfPsf x'g\ . pgL !(*^
;fnb]lv of] ejgdf a:g ;'? u/]sf
lyP . xl/x/sf] d"lt{ /flvPsf] x'Fbf
o; ejgsf] gfd xl/x/ ejg
/flvPsf] 5 . lghfdlt lstfj vfgf,
g] k fn /fli6 o k' : sfno /
dfgjclwsf/ cfof]usf] sfof{no /x]sf]
of] ejgdf sfo{/t sd{rf/Lx? aflx/}
6]G6 6fFu/] al;/x]sf 5g\ . aflx/af6
x]bf{ ejgdf lr/}lr/f b]lvG5 . blIf0f
/ pQ/klsf] efu tNnf] tnfdf
v;]sf] 5, blIf0flt/sf] efu Goflos
k|lti7fgtkm{ v;]sf] 5 . leq %
;]lG6ld6/sf lr/fx? slt 5g\ slt,
leQf / e'OF +{ RofltP/ sfuhh:tf]
ag]sf] 5 . k|fljlwsx?n] e"sDk cfpg'
cl3 g} of] ejgnfO{ vt/fsf] ;"rLdf
/fv] klg ;/sf/L sfof{ n ox?
ha/h:tL ;~rfng ul/Fb} cfPsf]
lyof] . t/, ca a:g} gx'g] ePsf] 5 .
lqe'jgrGb| ldln6/L c:ktfn,
dxf+ s fn
of] ejg e"sDkdf k/L sfd
gnfUg] ePsf] 5 . aflx/af6} x]bf{

lgjf{rg cfof]u / pk/fi6kltsf]

sfof{no /x]sf] axfb'/ ejgdf ;/sf/L
lg/LIf0f 6f] n Ln] kx] + n f] l:6s/
6fFl;lbPsf] 5 . cGo ejgx?sf]
t'ngfdf sd Iflt k'us
] f] o; ejgdf
sd{ r f/Lx? 8/fO8/fO{ sfd
ul//x]sf 5g\ . ejgsf] cufl8 efu
7fpF7fpFdf lrl/Psf] 5 . k5fl8sf]
efu ToxfF lgdf{0ffwLg !% tn] cUnf]
xf] 6 nsf sf/0f efl;Psf] Ps
sd{rf/Ln] atfP . pgn] eg], k5fl8
a:g} gldNg] u/L elTsPsf] 5 .
ejgsf] dflyNnf] tnfdf /x] s f]
o'Pg8LkLsf] sfof{no a:g gldNg] eGb}
efu]sf] sd{rf/Ln] atfP . ejgsf
sltko 7fpFdf leQf rls{Psf 5g\
eg] hf]OG6x? 5'lPsf 5g\ . cfof]usf
sd{rf/Lx? leq a;]/ sfd u/] klg
pk/fi6klt sfof{nosf sd{rf/L eg]
aflx/ lgl:sPsf 5g\ .
s] z / dxn
rGb| ;d;]/sf ;fOFnf 5f]/f s]z/
;d;]/n] sl/j ! ;o !% jif{ cufl8
lgdf{ 0 f u/] s f] s] z / dxn klg
e"sDkaf6 Ifltu|:t ePsf] 5 . s]z/
dxndf /x]sf] k':tsfno elTsPkl5
sd{rf/L aflx/} a;]sf 5g\ . s]xL jif{
cufl8 lzIff dGqfno /x]sf] o;
ejgdf clxn] s]z/ k':tsfno,
;DklQ z' 4 Ls/0fsf] sfof{ n o,
o'g]:sf]sf] lgldQ sfof{no, lzk
ljsf; kl/of]hgfsf sfof{no 5g\ .
kx]n
+ f] l:6s/ 6fFl;Psf] o; ejgdf
leQfx? rls{Psf 5g\, sltko 7fpFdf
jfn tyf l;ln em/]sf] 5, tnf
efl;Psf] 5 . tLg tnfsf] of] ejg
a:g gldNg] cj:yfdf k'us
] f] 5 .
k' / fgf lstfax? /x] s f] ejg
elTsPkl5 jiff{df kfgLaf6 hf]ufpg
d'l:sn x'g] b]lvG5 . s]z/;dz]/
O+Un}G8sf] nfOa|]/Laf6 k|efljt eP/
oxfF k' : tsfno vf] n ] s f lyP .
/f0ffsfnkl5 ;/sf/L lgoGqdf cfPsf]
of] ejgdf ;/sf/n] klg
k':tsfnonfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbPsf] xf] .
ejg k'glg{df{0f gu/Lleq k:g ;Sg]
cj:yf g/x] s f] sd{ r f/Lx?
atfpF5g\ . of] ejgsf] k5fl8sf] efu
v;]sf] 5 . 5fgf;d]t r'lxg] ePkl5
jiff{sf] kfgL k;]/ k'/} ejg 9Ng]
;Dejgf /x]sf] sd{rf/L atfpF5g\ .
;] t f] b/af/, nflhDkf6
rf/ tf/] z+s/ xf]6n / cfGtl/s
/fhZj sfof{no /x]sf] ;]tf] b/af/sf]
5tsf] tnf k"/} elTsPsf] 5 . of]
b/af/df h'4 ;d;]/sf gfltx?
a;f]af; uy{] . ;]tf] b/af/ aflx/af6
x]bf{ k'/} rls{Psf] b]lvG5 eg] leqkl
;a} sf]7fx? rls{Psf] Ps sd{rf/Ln]
atfP . cfGtl/s /fhZj sfof{nosf
sfuhkq ;fl/;lsPsf] 5 . rf/

tnfsf] of] ejg rls{P/ a;L g;Sg'

ePsf] 5 . t/, z+s/ xf]6n eg] ejg
k'glg{df{0fdf h'l6/x]sf] 5 . z+s/
xf]6n ejg k'glg{df{0fdf h'6] klg w]/}
vr{ nfUg] / ejg klg alnof] gx'g]
hfgsf/x?n] atfP .
afndlGb/ -;Ltf dxn_, gS;fn
g]kfn nlntsnf k|1f k|lti7fg
/x]sf] ;Ltf dxnn] e"sDkkl5 /]8
l:6s/ kfPsf] 5 . ejg elTsP/
v;]kl5 ;/sf/L lg/LIf0f 6f]nLn]
/]8 l:6s/ nufOlbPsf x'g\ .
;Ltf dxn eLd ;d;] / n]
agfPsf x'g\ . of] ejgdf ef/tLo
;f+ : s[ l ts s] G b| / g] k fn
afn;+u7g ;d]t /x]sf] 5 . oxfF
/x]sf cgfy afnaflnsfnfO{
:yfgfGt/0f ul/Psf] 5 . tLg
tn] of] dxndf cufl8 / 5]psf]
efu v;]sf] 5 . leQfx? k"/}
rls{ P sf 5g\ . ejg sfd
gnfUg] cj:yfdf k'u]sf] ToxfF
sfo{ / t sd{ r f/L k' i k/fd
clwsf/Ln] atfP . sd{rf/Lx?
aflx/} a;]/ sfd ul//x]sf 5g\ .
leqsf] ufx|f;
] d]t elTsPsf], rls{Psf]
/ O{+6fx? v;]sf] clwsf/Ln] atfP .
of] ejg k"/} eTsfP/ gofF agfpg'kg{]
cj:yfdf k'u]sf] 5 .
>Ldxn, k' N rf] s
:yfgLo k"jf{wf/ ljsf; tyf s[lif
;8s ljefu / /fli6o cfjf; sDkgL
/x] s f] nlntk' / sf] k' N rf] s l:yt
>Ldxn e"sDkn] k"0f{?kdf Ifltu|:t
ePsf] 5 . kfF r tn] of] b/af/
/f0ffsfndf >L b/af/sf] gfdn]
kl/lrt lyof] . lj; !(&^ ;fndf
agfpg ;'? ul/Psf] of] ejg !(&*
;fndf lgdf{0f ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] .
tTsfnLg >L # rGb| ; dz] / n]
5f]/fx?sf nflu of] ejg agfOlbPsf
lyP . /f0ffsfn cGTokl5 of] 3/
;/sf/Ls/0f ePsf] xf] . e"sDkaf6
ejgsf] aflx/ / leq b'a} 7fpFdf
Iflt k'us
] f] 5 . ;/sf/n] of] b/af/df
;/sf/n] /ftf] l:6s/ 6fF;]/ k|j]zdf
k|ltaGw nufPsf] 5 . ca of] ejg
e'ta+unfh:t} aGg] l:yltdf k'u]sf]
5 . >Ldxndf s]xL jif{ cufl8
:yfgLo ljsf; dGqfno a;]sf] lyof] .
ejgsf] glhs;d]t hfg 8/fpg'kg{]
cj:yf 5 . ejg k'/} rls{Psf] 5 /
7fpF7fpFdf leQfx? v;]sf] ljefusf
jl/i7 l8lehg Ol~hlgo/ hLjg
u'/fufO{+n] hfgsf/L lbP . of] ejg
dd{t ug{ g;lsg] cj:yfdf k'us
] f]
pgn] atfP . >Ldxndf
ljefucGtu{t ;~rflnt k|f]h]S6sf
ljb]zL sG;N6\ofG6x?sf] sfof{no;d]t
lyof] . e" s Dkn] ejg Ifltu| : t
ePkl5 ljb]zLx? ;d]t aflxl/Psf
5g\ .
hfjnfv] n b/af/
lghfdtL sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ k|lzIf0f
lbg] :6fkm sn]h /x]sf] hfjnfv]n
b/af/ klg e"sDkaf6 rls{Psf] 5 .
;/sf/n] kx]+nf] l:6s/ 6fF;]sf] 5 .
jL/;dz] ] / n] cfkm\ g f efO h' 4
;d;]/sf nflu O:jL ;+jt !***
df of] b/af/ agfOlbPsf x'g\ . of]
b/af/sf] O:jL ;+jt !(#@ df
k'glg{df{0f ul/Psf] lyof] . e"sDksf
sf/0f ejgsf] leqaflx/ b'a}lt/
rls{Psf] 5 . leQfx? elTsPsf
5g\ . c;'/lIft dx;'; u/]kl5 ;a}
sd{rf/LnfO{ ;'/lIft 7fpFdf ;fl/Psf]
k|zf;sLo pklgb{z
] s lzj/fds[i0f
s];Ln] atfP .
gf/fo0f ejg, hfjnfv] n
gf/fo0f ;dz]/n] lgdf{0f u/]sf]
of] ejg e"sDkaf6 Ifltu|:t ePsf]
5 . ;/sf/L lg/LIf0f 6f]nLn] kFx]nf]
l:6s/ 6fF;s
] f] 5 . elTsPsf] ufx|fd
] f
!((@ / )(@ df ag]sf O{6+ f e]l6Psf
5g\ . o;sf cfwf/df x]bf{ of] ejg
!(() ;fnsf] e"sDkkl5 ag]sf] :ki6

x' G 5 of] ejg elTsPkl5 ;a}

sd{rf/Lx? ;'/lIft 7fpFdf ;/]sf
5g\ . ejg Ift ljIft cj:yfdf
k'u]sf] 5 . tflnd xn tn em/]sf]
5, leQfx? em/]sf 5g\ s]Gb|sf
lgb{]zs xl/s[i0f sf]O/fnfn] eg]
ejg k'glg{df{0f x'g] cj:yfdf 5}g,
k'/} eTsfP/ gofF agfpg'k5{ . of]
ejgdf dlxnf ljsf; k|lzIf0f s]Gb|,
kl~hs/0f ljefu, k|hftGq ;Da4{g
s]Gb|sf ;fy} ;'ljwfljxLg afnaflnsf
Pj+ lhof]u|fkmL OGkm/d];g l;i6dsf]
sfof{no lyP .
cfgGb lgjf;, k' N rf] s
cfgGb ;dz]/n] lgdf{0f u/]sf]
cfgGb lgjf;df clxn] k' N rf] s
Ol~hlgol/ sn]hsf] k|zf;lgs
sfof{no 5 . t/, of] ejg klg
e"sDksf] em8\sfn] Ifltu|:t ePsf]
5 . of] ejg o;cl3 klg k'glg{df{0f
ul/Psf] lyof] . ejgleq k:g nfos
gePsf] atfpFb} Ps sd{rf/Ln]
sfof{no ;fl/;s]sf] hfgsf/L lbP .
ejgsf] 5fgf] s f ;fy} sf] 7 fx?
elTsPsf 5g\ . leQfdf wfFhf kmf6]sf
5g\ . aflx/}af6 7fpF7fpFdf elTsPsf]
/ lr/f k/]sf] b]lvG5 .
a;Gtk' / b/af/
e"sDksf] ;a}eGbf 7"nf] k|efj
a;Gtk'/ b/af/df k/]sf] 5 . j}zfv
!@ ut] e'OFrfnf] cfpFbf of] b/af/
g/fd|f]l;t elTsPsf] 5 . b/af/
elTsFbf 7"nf] ef}lts tyf dfgjLo
Iflt ;d]t ePsf] lyof] . a;Gtk'/
b/af/ /fhwfgLsf cGo b/af/eGbf
lgs} rlr{t lyof] . g]kfn e|d0fdf

cfpg] ljb] z L ko{ 6 s Psk6s

a;Gtk' / b/af/ k' U g] ub{ y ] .
a;Gtk'/ b/af/ 9n]kl5 of] If]qsf]
;'Gb/tf x/fPsf] 5 .
lztn lgjf;, dxf/fhu~h
/fi6 k lt sfof{ n o /x] s f]
dxf/fhu~hl:yt lztn lgjf; klg
e" s Dkn] elTsPsf] 5 . /f0ff
k|wfgdGqL rGb| ;dz]/n] cfkm\gf] 5f]/f
s[ i 0f ;dz] / sf nflu of] ejg
agfOlbPsf x'g\ . e"sDkn] lztn
lgjf; elTsPkl5 /fi6klt 8f=
/fdj/0f ofbj ;'/lIft ejgdf ;/]sf
5g\ . j}zfv !@ ut] e"sDk uPkl5
/fi6klt ofbj aflx/} ;'t]sf lyP .
ejg 7fpF7fpFdf rls{Psf] 5 .
lztn lgjf; e"sDkn] a:g} gldNg]
u/L rls{Pkl5 /fi6klt ejg gofF
agfpg'kg{] b]lvPsf] 5 . ejgdf a;]/
sfd ug{ c;'/lIft b]lvPsf] ToxfF
sfo{/t Ps sd{rf/Ln] atfP .
k' N rf] s sf]
>Ldxnb] l v
l;+xb/af/;Dd e"sDkn] Ifltu|:t
ePkl5 ;/sf/n] nueu ;a}df /ftf]
l:6s/ 6fFl;Psf 5g\ . afFsL s]xL
b/af/x?df cf+lzs Iflt k'u]kl5
kx]+nf] l:6s/ 6fFl;Psf 5g\ . x]bf{
;Unf]h:tf b]lvg] s]xL ejgx? klg
ca e"sDkLo hf]lvddf k/]sf 5g\ .
/ftf] l:6s/wf/L oL b/af/x?
k'glg{df{0f ug{ g;lsg] cj:yfdf 5g\ .
oL b/af/x? k"0f{ ?kdf eTsfP/ gofF
agfpg'kg{] x'G5 . kx]+nf] l:6s/
6fFl;Psf ejgx? dd{t ug{ ;lsg]
eP klg csf{] e"sDkdf tL ejgx?
d[To'sf] sf/s aGg ;Sg] vt/f 5 .

Joj;flos s[lif tyf Jofkf/ cfof]hgfsf] k|lta4tf

sf7df8f}F . Joj;flos s[lif tyf Jofkf/ cfof]hgfsf] d'Vo p2]Zo g]kfnsf
@% j6f lhNNff -wg'iff, ;nf{xL, dxf]Q/L, /f}tx6, af/f, k;f{, lrtjg, wflb,
sf7df8f},F nlntk'/, sfe]kn
| f~rf]s, gjnk/f;L, tgxF,' ndh', sf:sL, :ofhf,
kfNkf, kGb]xL, slknj:t', bf, ;'vt{] , afFs,] alb{of, s}nfnL / s~rgk'/_
lglb{i6 s[lif pkhxsf] d"No z[v
\ nfdf cfa4 ;fgf s[ifs, s[lif Joj;foL tyf
pBdLsf] k|lt:kwf{Tds Ifdtfdf ;'wf/ ug{' /x]sf] 5 . of] cfof]hgf @)^%
>fj0faf6 ;~rflnt 5 . of] p2]Zo k|fKt ug{ cfof]hgfaf6 ;Dkfbg ul/g]
sfo{x lgDg s'/fdf s]lGb|t x'g5
] g\
!_ s[ifs ;d"x / ;xsf/L ;+:yfxnfO{ nfek|b ahf/d'vL pTkfbgdf ;xefuL
x'g ;xof]u ug{] . ;fy} cfjZos k|ljlw, ;"rgf, ;]jf / ;fj{hlgs k"jf{wf/sf]
Joj:yfdfkm{t\ ahf/df kxFr
' / s[lif Joj;fo cfa4tfdf ;'wf/ Nofpg] .
@_ d"No z[v
\ nfsf] b[li6n] pTkfbs, Jofkf/L, k|zf]wgstf{ / cGo ;/f]sf/jfnfxnfO{
;d]t ;d]6L pBf]udf cfwfl/t ;fem]bf/Ltfsf] ljsf; ug{] .
#_ s[lif / vfB Jofkf/df ljBdfg afwf Jojwfg 36fpg] Pj+ s[ifsx / s[lif
Joj;foLxsf] bIftf clej[l4 ub{} cfGtl/s Pj+ cGt/f{li6o ahf/sf] u'0f:t/
cg'ksf] :jR5 / :j:y vfB j:t'xsf] pTkfbg ug{ ;xof]u ug{] .
;Nnf3f/L, dxf/fhuGh, sf7df8f}F
kmf]g M (&&)!$)!&&^%, ofS; M (&&)!$#&#@#^
Email:mail@pact.gov.np,Website:www.pact.gov.np

ldxg]tsf] sdfOsf] ;Ddfg

ug]{ afgL a;fnf},+
e|i6frf/d'Qm ;dfhsf]
lgdf{0fdf d2t k'ofof}+ .

g] k fn ;/sf/
;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ dGqfno

;"rgf ljefu

o:tf 5g\ dw'd]xaf6 hf]ufpg] of]uf;g

sf7df8f} + . dw' d ] x /utdf
lrgLsf] dfqf a9L x'g] /f]u xf] .
OG;'lng gfds xdf{g] sf] pTkfbgdf
sdL cfpFbf jf OG;'lngn] sfd ug{
g;Sbf dw'd]x x'G5 . OG;'lngn]
/utsf] Un'sf]hnfO{ zlQmsf kdf
k|of]u ug{ ;xof]u ub{5 . ;fy} a9L
ePsf] Un'sf]hnfO{ UnfOsf]hgdf
kl/0ft u/L ;~ro u5{ . t/,
OG;'lngsf] sdL ePkl5 z/L/n]
Un'sf]hnfO{ k|of]u ug{ / UnfOsf]hgsf]
kdf ;~ro ug{ ;Sb}g / /utdf
Un'sf]hsf] dfqf cgfjZos a9\g
hfG5 . laxfg vfnL k]6df /ut
hfF R bf lrgLsf] dfqf !@^
ldlnu|fdeGbf a9L b]lvof] eg] An8
;'u/ a9]sf] dflgG5 . olb !)) b]lv
!@^ ldlnu|fdsf] aLrdf b]lvof] eg]
dw'd]x /f]u nfUg] ;Defjgf ePsf]]
dflgG5 . To:t} vfgf vfPkl5 ;'u/
b'O{ ;o ldlnu|fdeGbf a9L b]lvPdf
klg An8 ;'u/ a9]sf] dflgG5 eg]
!$) b]lv !(( ;Dd ePdf dw'dx] sf]
hf]lvd dflgG5 . /utdf Un'sf]hsf]
dfqf !*) ldlnu|fdeGbf a9L k'us
] f]
cj:yfdf dfq lk;fa hfFr/] dw'dx]
kQf nufpg ;lsG5 . Pp6f :j:y
JolQmsf] /utdf Un'sf]hsf] dfqf
lgolGqt x'G5 . *!) 306f dflg;
ef]s} /xFbf klg /utdf Un'sf]hsf]
dfqf &)!)) ldlnu|fdsf] aLrdf
/xG5 eg] vfgf vfPsf] @ 306fdf
hfF R bf of] dfqf sl/a !$)
ldlnu|fd;Dd k'Ug ;S5 .
dw' d ] x nfO{ rf/ lsld;dsf
juL{s/0f ug{ ;lsG5 6fOk jfg,
6fOk 6', h]:6]:gn / ;]s]G8/L .
dw'd]xsf] pkrf/sf nflu dflg;x?
ljleGg c:ktfn wfpg] u5{g\ .
c:j:y hLjgz}nL, Jofofdsf] sdL,

w'd|kfg, df]6f]kg, j+zf0f'nufotsf

sf/0fn] dw'd]x x'g] ub{5 . dw'd]x
ePsf la/fdLn] Jofofd / vfglkgdf
Wofg lbg] xf] eg] w]/} xb;Dd hf]lug
;lsG5 . dw'dx] ePsf la/fdLn] of]uf
ug{] xf] eg] klg of] ;d:ofaf6
5'6sf/f kfpg ;lsG5 . dw'd]xaf6
hf]lug] ^ of]uf;g o;k|sf/ 5g\ . oL
of]uf;gnfO{ b}lgs ?kdf ug{] xf] eg]
w]/} dflg;x? dw'dx] af6 aRg ;S5g\ .
!= ;zf+s cf;g -x/] kf]h_
cfkm\gf] cg's'ntfcg';f/ of]
cf;gdf tLg ldg]6;Dd a:g' kb{5 .
b} l gs of] cf;gnfO{ # b] v L %
k6s;Dd ug{ ;s]df /fd|f] x'G5 . of]
cf;gdf a:bf z'?df 3'F8f 6]s]/
ah|f;gdf a:b} b'j}xftnfO{ dfly
/fVg] . xft dfly nUbf nfdf] ;f;
lng] . To;kl5 lj:tf/} xftnfO{ tn
n}hfg] . xft tn u/]/ hldglt/
em'Sbf ;f; lj:tf/} 5f8\b} em'Sg] .
s]xL a]/ /f]lsFb} k'g dfly p7\g] . of]

cf;gnfO{ tLg b]vL % k6s;Dd ug{

;lsG5 .
;fjwfg M 9f8 tyf sDd/sf]
xLdf ;d:of ePsf, rSs/ cfpg]
/ pRr /Qmrfksf la/fdLn] of] cf;g
ug{' x'Fb}g .
@= of] u d' b | f cf;g
;'?df kf;gdf a:g] . To;kl5
xftnfO{ lj:tf/} k5f8L 9f8df nu]/
/fVg] . lj:tf/} tnlt/ em'Sb} hfg] .
lgwf/n] hldgdf 5'g] k|of; ug{] .
dflylt/ hfg] a]nfdf nfdf] ;f; lng]

/ tn em'Sg] qmddf lj:tf/} ;f;

5f]8\b} hfg' k5{ . lrqdf b]vfPsf]
h:t} cf;gdf @ ldg]6;Dd a:g] .
of] c;fgnfO{ cfkm\gf] cg's'ntf
cg';f/ bf]xf]/fP/ ug{ ;lsG5 .

;fjwfg M d'6', cfFvf / 9f8sf]

;d:of ePsf la/fdL tyf ue{jtL
dlxnfn] of] cf;g ug{' x'Fb}g .
#= cw{ d T;] G b| cf;g
v'f / xftnfO{ lrqdf b]vfPh:t}
ul/ /fVg] . of] cf;gdf sl/a b'O{
ldg]6;Dd a:g ;lsG5 . of] klg

cfkm\gf] cg's'ntf cg';f/ # b]vL %

k6s;Dd bf]xf]ofP/ ug{ ;lsG5 .
;fjwfg M ue{jtL, k]lK6s cN;/,
xlg{of / xfOkf] yfO/fO8sf] ;d:of
ePsfn] of] cf;g ug{' x'Fb}g .
$= klZrdf] Q g cf;g
v'fnfO{ l;wf kf/]/ /fVg] . xftn]
v'fsf] cf}Fnf ;dfpg] / lj:tf/}
6fpsf]n] 3'F8f 5'g] . s]xL ;]s]G8

tfGb} n}hfg] / tn Nofpg] qmddf

;f; 5f8\b} hfg'k5{ . of] cf;gnfO{
kfFr k6s;Dd bf]xf]of{pg ;lsG5 .
;fjwfg M 9f8sf] ;d:of ePsf
/ ue{jtLn] of] cf;g ug{' x'Fb}g .
%= e'h+u cf;g
e'OdF f 3f]K6f] k/]/ ;'Tg] / lj:tf/}
6fpsf]nfO{ lrqdf b]vfPem}F p7fpFb}
dflylt/ n}hfg] . lrqdf b]vfPs} kf]hdf

a9LeGbf a9L ;do a:g] k|of; ug{] .

;fjwfg M k]lK6s cN;/, xlg{of
/ xfOkf] yfO/f8sf] ;d:of ePsfn]
of] cf;g ug{' x'Fb}g .
^= ;" o { j ] b f k| 0 ffofd
cWoflTds lx;fan] a:g] . cfFvf
lrlDng] / bfofF xftn] gfssf] afofF
Kjfn / afofF xftn] gfssf] bfofF
KjfnnfO{ lyr]/ ;f; tfGg] / 5f8\g]
ug{] . b;k6s;Dd of] cf;gnfO{
bf]xf]ofpg] .
;fjwfg M d'6s
' f la/fdL, pRr
/Qmrfk / Olkn]lK;sf la/fdLn] of]
cf;g ug{' x'Fb}g .

/fatOfc t]u $@ 7h
] nf; @&)@

hldg d'lg a:tL

sf7df8f}F . blIf0f c:6l] nofdf s"a/ k]8L gfdsf] Ps ;fgf] ufpF 5 . h'g
ufpFsf clwsf+z dflg; hldg d'lg c08/u|fp08 eP/ a:5g\ . oxfF ;]tf rfgL
9'u+ fsf] sof}+ vfgL 5g\ . PSn} s"a/ k]8Ldf dfq} &) eGbf a9L ;]tf 9'uf+sf d}bfg
5g\ . / ;]tf 9'u+ fsf] pTvggsf nflu of] ljZjs} ;a}eGbf 7"nf] If]q xf] . oxfF a9Lh;f]

c08/u|fp08 k|0ffnLaf6 vfgL pTvgg\ x'G5 . cyf{t hldgd'lg a;]/ pTvgg

ul/G5 . vfgL pTvgg\nfO{ Wofgdf /fv]/ dhb'/x?n] s]xL jif{ klxn] 3/ agfP/ a:g
;'? u/]sf lyP . clxn] hdLgsf] d'lg oL 3/x?df ;a} ;'v;'ljwfx? pknAw 5g\ .
oxfF sl/a !%)) j6f o:tf 3/x? lgdf{0f ul/Psf 5g\ . h;df #%)) eGbf
a9L kl/jf/x? a:g] u5{g\ . oL 3/x?nfO{ 8u cfp6\; elgG5 . oxfF udL{ df g t
P;L rflxG5 . g lxpFbdf lx6/ rflxG5 . hdLgd'lg ;w} tfkqmd Pp6} cg'sn' x'g]
ub{5 . c08/u|fp08 3/x?sf ;fy} oxfF :6f]/, af/, Sof;Lgf], Do"lhod / rr{sf ;fy}
w]/} ;+/rgfx? lgdf{0f ePsf 5g\ . oxfF sof}+ xlnj'8 lkmNd ;d]t z'l6 ePsf 5g\ .
lkr An}s gfdsf] lkmNd klg oxL z'l6 ePsf] lyof] . lkr An}s z'l6 ePkl5 of]
7fpFsf] ljz]iftf aflx/ cfPsf] ;dfrf/ Ph]G;Ln] hgfPsf 5g\ . clxn] of] If]q
ko{6sLo gu/L ag]sf] 5 . oxfF lbgx'F ko{6s k'Ug] u/]sf 5g\ . Ph]G;L

kfgLdfly bf}l8g ;Sg] o'jtL

sf7df8f}F . kfgLdfly lxF8g\ ] eg]kl5 s'g} hfb'sf] sfd eGg] ;f]RF g'xf]nf .
t/ n]Gsf 6\ofg/ s'g} hfb'u/ xf]Ogg\ . g t pgn] hfb'u/n] h:t} a/kmsf]
l9Ssf jf kfgLdf t}l/g] j:t'sf] k|of]u ul5{g\ . :nf]eflsofsL oL @* jif{]
kf}8Lafh l;+qmf]gfOH8 l:jd/ x'g\ / pgsf] Ifdtfsf] /fh eg]s} pgL kfgLd'lg
pN6f] eP/ klg lxF8g\ ;lS5g\ / kfgLsf] ;txdf klg bf}l8g ;lS5g\ . ;g\
@)!) b]lv a]nfotsf] gl6+3ddf a:b} cfPsL n]Gsfn] kl5Nnf] @) jif{bl] v

3' F 8 fdf 6fpsf] n ] 5f] P kl5 k' g

6fpsf]nfO{ lj:tf/} dflylt/ n}hfg] .
6fpsf] dfly n}hfg] qmddf ;f;nfO{

yfO/fO{8af6 aRg] eP=====

sf7df8f}F . cr]n tgfju|:t /

efubf}8sf] hLjgdf yfO/fO{8 ;d:of
a9L /x]sf] 5 . of] ;d:of dlxnf
k'?if b'j}df b]lvP klg ljz]ifu/L
dlxnfdf a9L b]lvG5 . cfhef]ln t
yfO/fO{8sf] ;d:ofn] ;fgf pd]/sf
dlxnfnfO{ klg ;tfPsf] b]lvG5 .
cWoogsf cg';f/ !)) hgfdf *)
dlxnfnfO{ yfO/fO{sf] ;d:of x'G5 .
xfd|f] 3fF6Lsf] cuf8Lsf] efudf
yfO/fO8 u|GyL x'G5 . h;n] yfO/fO8
xdf{]g gfds xdf{]g pTkfbg u5{ .
;f]xL xdf{]gn]g} xfd|f] zl//sf] c+usf]
lqmofsnfknfO{ lgoGq0f u5{ . t/
ha yfO/fO{8 u|GyLsf] k|0ffnLdf afwf
pTkGg x'bF f ljleGg :jf:Yo ;d:of
cfpg] ub{5g\ . tYof+sn] nfvf}+ dflg;
yfO/fO{8n] k|efljt ePsf] b]vfpF5 .
t/ ;d:of s] 5 eg]
w] / } n fO{ cfk" m nfO{
yfO/fO{8 ePsf] kQ}
kfpFb}gg\ . olb yf]/}
vfgf vfFg] ubf{ klg
jhg al9/x] s f] 5,
;fgf ;fgf s'/fn] klg
tgfj lbO{/x]sf] , ;Gtfg
k|flKtsf] nflu ;d:of
5 / k6s k6s
ue{tl' xg] ;d:of 5 eg]
xfdLnfO{ yfO/fO8 klg
ePsf] x'g;S5 .
yfO/fO8 u| G yL
3fF6Lsf] cl3lNt/ x'G5 .
vKk/df lbdfueGbf
tn /x] s f] lk6' o ' 6 /L
u|GyLn] yfO/fO8nfO{
lgoGq0f
u5{ .
lk6\ o ' 6 /Ln] /utdf
yfO/fO8 xdf{]gsf] :t/
dfkg u5{ / yfO/fO8
l:6d' n ] l 6 xdf{ ] g
6LP;Pr lgsfN5 . o;
xdf{]gn] yfO/fO8nfO{

yfO/f]lS;g 6Lkmf]/ / l6ln8f]yfof]l/g

6Ly|L xdf{g] pTkfbg ug{ ;xof]u u5{ .
yfO/fO8nfO{ 6Ly|L / 6Lkmf]/ xdf{]g
pTkfbg ug{ cfof]l8gsf] cfjZostf
k5{ . t/ cfof]l8gsf] dfqf w]/} jf
yf]/} x'Fbf yfO/fO8 dnkm+Szg x'g]
8fS6/ g' k ' / lqmzg atfpF 5 g\ .
cfof]l8g / l;n]lgod vfgfdf kof{Kt
ePg eg] unufF8 pTkGg x'G5 .
zl//df cfof]l8gsf] sdL x'bF f unufF8
lg:sG5 . yfO/fO8n] zlQm kl/rfng
ug{ yfO/f]lS;g xdf{]g k}bf u5{ .
s]6fs]6Lsf] zf/Ll/s j[l4 / ljsf;sf]
nflu yfO/flS;gsf] Hofb} cfjZostf
x'G5 . s'g} lsl;dsf] ljs[lt geO{
/fd|f] aRrf hGdfpg / cfdfsf] b'w
cfpgsf] nflu klg of] xdf{]gsf] 7"nf]
dxTj x'G5 . xfd|f] b}lgs cfxf/df

cfof] l 8gsf] sdL x' + b } uof] eg]

yfO/f]lS;g xdf{g] ;xL 9+uaf6 pTkfbg
x'g ;Sb}g, h;n] ubf{ /utdf o;sf]
kl/df0f sd x'Fb} hfG5 . clg of]
xdf{g] a9L k}bf ug{sf nflu yfO/fO8
u|GyLn] w]/} kl/>d ug{k' 5{, kmn:j?k
u|GyL km'n]/ cfpF5, o;nfO{ unufF8
elgG5 . xfOkf]yfO/f]l8hd ePsfnfO{
elh{g gl/jnsf] t]n nfebfos x'G5 .
o;df r]g km\of6L Plz8 x'G5 h;n]
d] 6 faf] n ] l 6HdnfO{ a9fP/ jhg
36fpg d2t u5{ .
!= s[lqd rLgLsf] k|of]uaf6 aRg] .
@= abfd nufotsf lrNnf 8fOkm'6
gvfg] , w' d kfgaf6 aRg] /
kf]if0fsf cf}ifwLx? gvfg] .
#= cfjZos dfqfdf cfof]l8g /
le6fldg P sf] ;]jg ug{] . Ps

jo:s JolQmsf nflu ! ;o %)

dfOqmf]uf| d cfof]l8g k|ltlbg lng
cfjZos 5 .
$= aGbf, sfpnL, a|f]sf]nL h:tf
t/sf/Laf6 ag]sf sfFrf] ;nfb
gvfg] . oL t/sf/Ldf kfOg]
uf] 6 f ] h ] G ; gfdsf] tTjn]
yfO/fO8nfO{ k|efj kf5{ . a?
ksfP/ vfgfn] vf;} c;/ ub{g} .
%= ;fd'lb|s df5f k|z:t vfg] .
To:t} xl/of] kQ]bf/ t/sf/L /
b'UwhGo kbfy{df klg k|z:t
cfof]l8g kfpg ;lsG5 .
^= c08f, kx]nf] kfs]sf] kmnk"mn /
xl/vf ;fu;AhLn] le6fldg Psf]
dfq kl/k"lt{ u5{ .
&= ue{jtL dlxnfnfO{ k|ltlbg @ ;o
@) dfOqmf]uf| d cfof]l8g cfjZos
kg{] x'gfn] o;df ljz]if ljrf/
k'ofpg] .
cfhef]ln sd pd]/sf dlxnfnfO{
klg ;tfpF5 . O08f]lqmgf]nf]lhi6 8f=
cNtfdf; ;fOvn] !% @) jif{ pd]/
;d"xsf dlxnfdf klg yfO/fO8
b]lvPsf] atfpF5g\ . of] pd]/ ;d"xsf
dlxnfn] klg pd]/cg';f/sf] jhg,
ysfg / ;'lGgg] ;d:ofnfO{ dWogh/
u/]/ yfO/fO8sf] ;d:of kQf nufpg
;S5g\ . yfO/fO8sf sf/0f
afFemf]kgsf] ;d:of klg cfpg
;S5 . yfO/fO8n] k' ? ifdf
of}gOR5fdf sdL / jLo{df sdL
b]lvG5 eg] dlxnfdf c08f pTkfbg
ug{df sl7gfO{ / l56f] /hgf]j[lQ
x'g ;S5 . yfO/fO8sf nIf0fdf
c:jfefljs jhg a9\g', unufF8
cfpg', tgfj, l56f] l56f] dlxgfjf/L
x'g' / cTolws /Qm>fj, skfn emg{,'
5fnf km';f| ] x'g,' d'6s
' f] ult ;':t x'g,'
rfF8f] ysfO{ nfUg', d'8 l5gl5gdf
kl/jt{ g eO{ / xg' / sdhf] /
:d/0fIfdtf, lr;f] nfUg' / cfjfhdf
ef/Lkg a9\gn
' ufot /x]sf 5g\ .

kfgLdf lxF8g\ ] of] :6G6sf] tflnd lnO/x]sL l5g\ / cfkm\gf] of] ;LknfO{ ca
kf}8Lv]nsf] k|j4{gd} k|of]u ug{;Sg] cfzf pgdf 5 .
d]/f] nflu kfgLdf bf}l8g' s'g} ufx|f] sfd xf]Og, lsgsL d}n] @) jif{bl] v
of] cEof; ub{} cfPsL 5' pgL elG5g\, d]/f] nflu dxTjk"0f{ s'/f eg]sf] d]/f]
v]nnfO{ a9fjf lbg' xf] . n]Gsf ^ jif{sL x'bF fb]lv g} kf}8Lv]ndf ;xefuL x'bF }
cfPsL lyOg\ . n]Gsfn] clxn] cSjf:6f;{ gfds ;fd'lxs kf}8L ;d"xsf] u7g
u/]sL l5g\ . of] ;d'xn] gl6+3ddf lgoldt ?kdf kf}8L cEof; ub{} cfPsf]
5 . cfkm\gf] of] ;Lk cfkm\gf ;xsdL{x?df klg l;sfpg] nIo pgsf] 5 .

ca sk8fd} 6rl:qmg

sf7df8f}+ . 6rl:qmgsf nflu :df6{kmf]gsf] kbf{df cf}nF f 3'dfO/xg' gkg{] b]lvPsf]

5, lgs6 eljiod} . lsgsL u'unn] tkfO{+ xfdLn] klxl/g] sk8fnfO{ g} 6rl:qmgjfnf
agfpFb5
} . u'unn] Pp6f o:tf] :df6{ km\ofla|ssf] ljsfz ul//x]sf] 5 h;af6
aGg] sk8fn] 6rl:qmgn] h:t} sfd ug{5
] . u'unsf] P8efG:8 6]Sgf]nf]hL P08
k|fh
] S] 6\; -P6LPkL_ k|of]uzfnfsf] Hofsf8{ gfds kl/of]hgf cGt/ut o:tf] /]zfsf]
ljsfz e}/x]sf] 5 h'g :kz{ ;+jb] gzLn -6r ;]lG;l6e_ x'gs
' f ;fy} lgs} dha't
;d]t x'g5
] , h;af6 dflg;n] klxl/g] h'g;'s} sk8f tof/ ug{ ;lsg]5 .
6r ;]G;]l6e /]zfdf ktfnf] wft'ld>0f jf skf; tyf /]zdsf] wfuf] ;d]t

ldnfOg]5 . u'unsf] pQm kl/of]hgfsf] j]a;fO6sf cg';f/ ;"rfns /]zfnfO{

sk8fsf] lglZrt 7fpFdf a'g/] /fVg ;lsg]5 / sk8fnfO{ 6rl:qmgdf abNg
;lsg]5 . u'unsf cg';f/ Hofsf8{ km];g pBf]usf nflu Ps vfnL Sofgef;
h:t} x'g5
] . l8hfOg/x?n] o;sf] k|of]u cGo km\ofla|sx?nfO{ h:t} u/L ug{ ;Sg]
u'unsf] bfaL 5 .

/fatOfc t]u $@ 7h
] nf; @&)@

e"sDksf ;sf/fTds lzIffx?

hLjgdf l;Sg rfxg] dfG5]n] cfk"m
lrlKnP/ n8\of] eg] klg slDtdf klg
xf] z k' ofP/ glxF 8 \ b f lrlKnP/
nl8g] / x] 5 To;} n ] xf] z k' ofP/
lxF8\g'k5{ eGg] s'/f l;S5 . gl;Sg]
dfG5]nfO{ ljZjljBfnosf ljzfn
sIffx?df /fv]/ lbgsf] ;ft 306fsf

b]lvof] . e"sDk cufl8 h;n] cUnf

3/ agfpg ;s]sf lyPgg\ ltgLx?
cfk"mn] cUnf] 3/ agfpg g;s]sf]n]
tgfjdf lyP . e"sDkdf 7"nf 3/x?
d[To'sf] k|tLs ag]kl5 7"nf 3/wgLx?
7" n f] 3/ agfPsf] d f cfk" m nfO{
lwSsfl//x]sf 5g\ . lxhf] cUnf] x'g

d' 8 df 5} g g\ . ;fob e" s Dksf]

qf;bLn] xf]nf . dfG5]n] clt u/]kl5
Pslbg p;sf] x}l;ot lgwf{/0f x'g]
lbg cfpF5 . lgoltn] ha p;sf]
jf:tljs x}l;ot lgwf{/0f u5{ ta
p;n] l/;/fu ;a lal;{G5 . emu8f
/ ufnL unf}h eg]sf] pGdfbsf]

gkfPsf] tgfj cfh w] / } cUnf]

ePsf]df tgfj . dfG5] lxhf]] 3/sf]
prfOnfO{ cfkm\gf] prfO 7fGYof] . t/
cfh 3/ agfpFbf cfk"mn] ;fgf] 3/
gagfPsf]df k5'tfO/x]sf] 5 . cfk"mn]
78\ofPsf] s+lqm6sf] dxnnfO{ od/fh
b]lv/x]sf] 5 . dfG5]sf] prfO cUnf]
dxn xf]Og, a? w/ftnLo oyfy{k/s
hLjgaf]w xf] eGg] s'/f of] e"sDkn]
xfdLnfO{ lzIff lbP/ uPsf] 5 .
e" s Dk cufl8 g] k fnsf
/fhgLlts bnx? Ps csf{sf] pl5tf]
sf9\g nfluk/]sf lyP . Ps bnsf]
g]tf / csf{] bnsf] g]tfaLr kfgL
af/faf/sf] l:ylt lyof] . cfa]u /
pQ]hgfdf Ps csf{sf] dfgdb{gdf
olt;Dd plqb} lyP ls slxn]sfxL+
708f lbdfu x'Fbf Tof] cfk"mn] af]n]sf]
efiff cfkm}FnfO{ nfhdbf{] x'GYof] . t/
cfh tL g]tf c?nfO{ ufnLunf}h ug{]

cleJolQm afx]s s]xL xf]Og . of] s'/f

e" s Dkkl5 g] t fx?df b] l vPsf]
df}gtfn] l;sfO/x]sf] 5 .
kl5Nnf] ;do g]kfnLx?aLr
c:j:Yo k|lt:kwf{sf] efjgf cToGt}
k|an x'Fb} uO/x]sf] lyof] . xfdL ;a}
g]kfnL xfd|f cfkm\g} bfh'efO xF+} eGg]
s'/f :jo+ xfdL g]kfnLn] a'em]sf
lyPgf}+ . ;+s6df xfdLnfO{ xfd|}
bfh'efO rflxG5 eGg] s'/f hfg]sf
lyPgf}+ . ljZjsf wgL d'ns
' sf] k|z;
+ f
ug{] t/ cfkm\gf] b]zdf a;]/ cfkm\g}
b]znfO{ ufnL ug{], xfd|} g]kfnL
bfh'efOsf] lvNnL p8fpg] sfd xfdLn]
uof}+ . t/ cfh cfkt lakt kbf{
cflv/ ljb]zL xf]Og :jb]zL g} sfd
nfu] . k/sf 5f]/f5f]/L klg sfd
nfu]gg\ a? glhssf l5d]sL hf]
lxhf]sf lbgdf kfgL af/faf/ lyof]
ltgLx? g} sfd nfu] . 6f9fsf]

b]jtfeGbf glhssf] 9'u+ f g} hLjgsf]

cfwf/ aGof] . p4f/ sfo{df klg
k/sfn] k|of; t u/] t/ glhss}n]
lg:jfy{ eP/ w]/} sfd u/] .
xfdLn] nfdf] ;dob] l v b] z
agfPgf}+ . kl5Nnf] ;do g]kfn lsg
ag]g < s;n] agfPg < / s;/L
agfpg ;lsG5 eGg] ax; rn]sf]
5 . g]kfn agfpg] gofF ;"qsf] vf]hL
ub{} ubf{ pN6f] g]kfn Wj:t eof] .
ca !)!% jif{df g]kfn aGnf eg]sf]
t e"sDkn] g]kfnnfO{ pN6f] !)!%
jif{ k5fl8 kf] ws]lnof] . t/ cufl8
a9\g clnslt k5fl8 gw]lslnO
x'Fb}g . ca g]kfnnfO{ agfpg] u]o/
lyRg] a]nf eof] . ljsf;sf] ult
a9fpg] a]nf eof] . To:tf] ult lbg]
rfnssf] dfq vfFrf] 5 .
;+;f/df ljsl;t d'n's To;}
ag]sf x}gg\ . ljgfzkl5 ljsf;
ePsf x'g\ . w]/} ptf/r9fj kl5
lzv/ r9] s f x' g \ . lx/f] l ;df
gfuf;fsLdf ad gem/]sf] eP ;+ejt
hfkfg cfhsf] /f]ndf]8n
] hfkfg x'g]
lyPg . dWoo'udf g;'ts
] f] eP o'/f]k
olt dfly p7]/ ;a}nfO{ ;Eotfsf]
kf7 l;sfpg] lyPg . a]nfotL bf;Tj
ga]xf]/]sf] eP ef/t olt l56f]
dxfzlQm /fi6 x'g] nfOgdf nfUg ;Sg]
lyPg . cfhsf zlQmzfnL /fi6x?
cd] l /sf, rLg, hfkfg, k| m fG;,
a]nfot, blIf0f sf]l/of, hd{g s'g
rflxF d' n ' s df ;+ s 6 / laklQ
cfPg < s'g rflxF d'n'sn] b'/fj:yf
ef]Ug' k/]g < To;}n] /fd|f;
] uF aGgnfO{
Ps k6s /fd|f];Fu lau|g'k5{ . ca
;fFRr} g]kfnn] km8\sf] dfg{] a]nf ePsf]
5 . e" s Dkn] xfdLnfO{ of] kf7
l;sfPsf] 5 .
lau|k] l5 agfpg'k5{ . t/ agfpg]
s;n] < xfdL g]kfnLsf] c?sf] d'v
tfSg] afgL 5 . laufg{ cfkm} laufg{]
/ agfpg rflxF c?n] agfOlbg'kg{] .
of] k/hLjL dfgl;stf g} xfd|f]
ul/aLsf] d"n sf/0f xf] . k/hLjL
dfgl;stfn] b]z aGb}g . ;+;f/sf]
Oltxf; x]of] eg] sxLF, st} klg s'g}
b]znfO{ c? b]zn] agfOlbPsf] Oltxf;
5}g . To;}n] uPsf] e"sDkaf6 xfdLn]
of] kf7 l;sf}+ laufg{] xfdL xf},+ xfdLf/f
lgld{t ;+/rgfx?n] cf7 xhf/eGbf
a9L xfd|} cfkm\gfx?nfO{ u'dfof}+ .
xhf/f} + x hf/nfO{ 3fOt] agfof} + .
lat]sfx? sxL+ cfkm}n] agfPsf]
lrxfg?kL dxndf lylrP/ d/] . sf]xL
c?n] agfPsf] lrxfgdf k'l/P . h]
eP klg xfdLn] / xfd|f cfkm\g}n]
agfPsf ;+/rgf Wj:t eP/ d/] .
To;}n] ca agfpg] sfd klg xfdLn]
g} ug{'k5{ . xfd|f] ;d:of xfdL cfkm}F
;dfwfg u/f}+ . xf] agfpg ;fy /
;xof]u ;a}sf] rflxG5 . t/ xft
cfkm\g} cufl8 a9\g'kb{5 . e"sDksf]
lagfzn] ljsf; kSs} NofpF5 .
lsgls ljgfzlagf ljsf; ;Dej
5}g . ljgfz ljsf;sf] 9f]sf xf], f/
v'ln;s]sf] 5 . ca gjlgdf{0fsf]
laxfgLdf k|j]z u/f}+ .

sf7df8f}F . dfOqmf];km\6 sDkgLsf]

gofF ;+:s/0fsf] ck/]l6 l;:6d ljG8f]h
!) csf{] dlxgf ;fj{hlgs x'g] ePsf]
5 . dfOqmf];km\6n] cfpFbf] h'nfO{ @(
b]lv ljG8f]h !) ck/]l6 l;:6do'Qm
k;{gn sDKo'6/ tyf 6\ofan]6sf] laqmL
;'? x'g] hfgsf/L lbPsf] 5 / ;f]xL
lbgb]lv ljG8f]h k|of]ustf{nfO{ ljG8f]h
!) sf] lgMz'Ns 8fpgnf]8 ;'ljwf ;d]t
pknAw u/fOg]5 . t/ :df6{kmf]g,
PS;aS; u]D; pks/0f tyf cGo
ls6x?sf nflu eg] s]xLkl5 dfq
ljG8f]h !) pknAw x'g] atfOPsf] 5 .
ljZn]ifsx?sf cg';f/ ljG8f]h !) sf]
;fj{hgLlss/0f dfOqmf];km\6sf] efUo

lgwf{/0fdf dxTjk"0f{ x'g5] . clxn];Ddsf]

;a}eGbf kl5Nnf] ck/]l6 l;:6d
ljG8f] h * sf sf/0f ljG8f] h
k|of]ustf{af6 lgs} cfnf]rgf a]xf]l//x]sf]
dfOqmf];km\6n] ljG8f]h !) sf] k|of]ukl5
pkef]Qmfx? ;Gt'i6 aGg] ljZjf; u/]sf]
5 . lgs} nf]slk|o ljG8f]h & df pknAw
/x]sf sltko lkmr;{x? ljG8f]h * df
x6fOPsf] d f dfOqmf] ; km\ 6 n] tL
lkmr;{x?nfO{ ljG8f]h !) df k'g/fudg
ub{} pkef]Qmfsf] dg kmsf{pg] sf]l;;
u/]sf] 5 .
dfOqmf];km\6sf] ck/]l6 l;:6d
ljefusf pkfWoIf 6]/L d];g{ n] Ps Anu
kf]i6df n]vs
] f 5g\, xfdLn] ljZjsf !

;o () b]zsf 8]9 ca{ ljG8f]h

k|of]ustf{sf nflu gofF k':tfsf] ljG8f]h
l;h{gf ug{] clek|fosf ;fy ljG8f]h
!) l8hfOg u/]sf xf}F . pgsf cg';f/
ljG8f]h !) df ljG8f]h & df h:t}
:6f6{ d]g' /xg]5 . To:t} dfOqmf];km\6sf]
gofF j] a a| f ph/ Phsf ;fy}
PS;aS;af6 lk;L tyf 6\ofAn]6df
lel8of] u]d l:6ld ug{] gofF Pk klg
ljG8f]h !) df pknAw x'g] atfOPsf]
5 . dfOqmf];km\6sf] ljG8f]h !) PG8fO] 8
tyf PKknsf] cfOcf]P;n] sAhf u/]sf]
6\ofAn]6sf] ck/]l6 l;:6dsf] ahf/df
ha/h:t k|jz
] ug{] clGtd cj;/
x'g] ljZn]ifsx?n] atfPsf 5g\ .

8f= 6Lsf/fd kf]v/]n

lau|k] l5 agfpg'k5{ . t/ agfpg] s;n] < xfdL
g]kfnLsf] c?sf] d'v tfSg] afgL 5 . laufg{ cfkm}
laufg{] / agfpg rflxF c?n] agfOlbg'kg{] . of]
k/hLjL dfgl;stf g} xfd|f] ul/aLsf] d"n sf/0f
xf] . k/hLjL dfgl;stfn] b]z aGb}g . ;+;f/sf]
Oltxf; x]of] eg] sxLF, st} klg s'g} b]znfO{ c?
b]zn] agfOlbPsf] Oltxf; 5}g . To;}n] uPsf]
e"sDkaf6 xfdLn] of] kf7 l;sf}+ laufg{] xfdL xf},+
xfdLf/f lgld{t ;+/rgfx?n] cf7 xhf/eGbf a9L
xfd|} cfkm\gfx?nfO{ u'dfof}+ . xhf/f}x+ hf/nfO{ 3fOt]
agfof}+ . lat]sfx? sxL+ cfkm}n] agfPsf] lrxfg?kL
dxndf lylrP/ d/] . sf]xL c?n] agfPsf]
lrxfgdf k'l/P . h] eP klg xfdLn] / xfd|f
cfkm\gn
} ] agfPsf ;+/rgf Wj:t eP/ d/] .
To;}n] ca agfpg] sfd klg xfdLn] g} ug{k' 5{ .
xfd|f] ;d:of xfdL cfkm}F ;dfwfg u/f}+ .
b/n] ;fthgf k|f]km];/n] 7"nf7"nf
bz{gsf 7]nL cufl8 /fv]/ jiff{+} n]Sr/
lbP klg s]xL l;Sb}g . l;Sgsf nflu
l;Sg] OR5f x'g'k5{ . d}n] ;a} s'/f
hfg]sf] 5' eGg] e|daf6 d'Qm x'gk' 5{,
ta x/]s 36gfaf6 s]xL g s]xL
l;lsG5 . rfx] Tof] /fd|f] 36gf xf];\
jf g/fd|f] g} lsg gxf];\ . e"sDkaf6
xfdLn] klg s]xL u'dfof},+ To;sf] ;f
s]xL l;Sof}+ klg . e"sDksf] wSsf;Fu}
;fdflhs ;~hfn km];a'sdf w]/}n]
qf;k"0f{ / p8Gt] :6f6; xfn] klg
Pshgfn] eg] clnslt Jo\o /
clnslt oyfy{ldl>t o:tf] :6f6;
n]v] e"sDkn] w]/} g/fd|f] sfd u/]
klg Pp6f sfd eg] /fd|f] uof],
dfG5]nfO{ dfG5]sf] x}l;ot l;sfof] .
ca{klt klg kfr ld6/ kfnd'lg,
;8s 5fk klg ToxL kfr ld6/
kfnd'lg . e"sDkkl5 ;fDojfbL
;dfhsf] jf:tljs :j?k g]kfnsf]
kfn ;+ ; f/df b] l vof] . Pshgf
dfG5]nfO{ slt hldg rflxG5 eg]/
syf n]Vg] dxfg\ syfsf/ 6N;6f]onfO{
kfn lhGbuLdf w]/}n] ;lDemP .
uLtf bz{gn] eG5 ltdLn] lxhf]
o; wtL{df s] lnP/ cfPsf lyof}+ /
h'g j:t'nfO{ u'dfpFbf cfh ltdL
lrlGtt b]lvG5f}+ < h] kfof}+ oxL+ kfof},
h] 5f]8]/ hfg]5f}+ Tof] klg o;} wtL{df
5f]8/] hfg]5f}+ . t/ uLtfsf] of] dxfg\
bz{gnfO{ dfG5]n] nTofof] / wg hDdf
ug{] xf]8afhLdf nfUof] . x'Fbfx'Fbf
cfjf; h:tf] cfjZostfsf] j:t'nfO{
;DklQ dfGg yfNof] . 7" n f] 3/
;DkGgtfsf] k|tLs 7fGg yflnof] .
cflv/ e"sDk hfbf ToxL ;DkGgtfsf]
k|tLs d[To'sf] k|d'v sf/0f ag]sf]

ljG8f]h !) h'nfOdf ;fj{hlgs x'g]

cg'xf/sf] klg k|Tof/f]k0f

sf7df8f}F . tkfO{n
+ ] dflg;sf] d'6' k|Tof/f]k0f, cfFvfsf] gfgL k|Tof/f]k0f of
cGo s'g} c+u k|Tof/f]k0fsf] af/]df ;'Gg'ePsf] lyof] xf]nf . t/, Pp6f crDdsf]
k|Tof/f]k0f xfn} ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . xf], of] crDdsf] k|Tof/f]k0f cg'xf/sf] xf] . of]
cg'xf/sf] k|Tof/f]k0f syf ^) ldg]6 ci6l] nofdf k|zf/0f x'bF 5
} . crDdsf]
;+of]u eGg'k5{ ha cfkm\gf] efO{sf] cg'xf/ csf{] s;}nfO{ lbg] lg0f{o u/]sL p;sL

alxgL Tof] gofF cg'xf/sf ;fd' k'lU5g\ ta ;f]lW5g\ d s] of] cg'xf/nfO{ 5'g
;S5' < clg p;n] eG5, cjZo . ha cfkm\gf] d[t efO{sf] cg'xf/ cfkm\g} ;fd'
b]v/] pgL elG5g\, jfp . @! jifL{o hf];j' f ce/;fgf]n] cfkm\gf] efO{ Ps ;8s
b'36{ gfdf Hofg u'dfpg k'uk] l5 pgsf] cg'xf/ bfg ug{] lg0f{o u/]sL lyOg\ .
ut ;g\ @)!@ sf] dfr{ dlxgfdf of] zNolqmof ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . /,
Tolta]nf #& jif{sf] pd]/sf gf]l/zn] of] ;f}efUo kfPsf lyP . pgn] aGb'ssf]
uf]nLaf6 cfkm\gf] k"/} cg'xf/ u'dfPsf lyP . olt;Dd ls pgsf] lrpF8f], gfs,
lgwf/ ;a} p8]sf] lyof] . o'lgel;{6L ckm d]l/Nof08sf] d]l8sn ;]G6/sf
ljz]if1x?n] of] ck/]zg ;DkGg u/] h;sf nflu #^ 306f nfUof] . gf]l/z
eG5g\, d}n] ljt]sf] !% jif{bl] v h'g lhGbuL afFrs
] f] 5', of] ;lDemg klg rfxGg .
d /flt dfq} ;lk+u ug{ hfGy], lsgls Tolta]nf eL8 sd x'GYof] . dflg;x?
dnfO{ n'sL n'sL x]l//x]sf x'Gy] t/ s'/f ug{ 8/fpFy] . ca To:tf] x'g] 5}g, pgn]
ljZjf; JoQm u/] . pgn] cfkm\gf] 5f]/fsf] cg'xf/ bfg lbg] kl/jf/k|lt s[t1tf
klg JoQm u/] . lrlsT;sx? eG5g\, of] lgs} dxFuf] k|ljlw xf] / pgL efUodfgL
lgl:sP . ha ck/]zg eof] pgLx?n] cfFvfafx]s cg'xf/sf ;a} lrh km]l/lbP .
olt;Dd ls pgsf] lrpF8f] / bfFt klg k"/} km]l/Psf] 5 .

r'/f]6 k|of]ustf{nfO{ klg Ifltk"lt{

sf7df8f}+ . Sofg8fsf Ps GofofwLzn] So'as

] sf r'/f]6 k|of]ustf{n] tLg
7"nf r'/f]6 sDkglj?4 xfn]sf] d'4fdf pgLxnfO{ !% ca{ Sofg]l8og 8n/ -!@
ca{ cd]l/sL 8n/ a/fa/_ Ifltk"lt{ lbg] lg0f{o u/]sf 5g\ . of] Sofg8fdf
;fd"lxs kdf btf{ ePsf] ;a}eGbf clws d"Nosf] d'4f ePsf] 7flgPsf] 5 .
ToxfFsf] dflyNnf] cbfntsf GofofwLz a|fofg l/cf]/8fgn] r'/f]6 sDkgLn] cfk"mn]
hfg]sf s'/f :jf:Yo clwsf/L jf hgtfnfO{ k|ToIf kdf gatfP/ cfkm\gf]
pTkfbgsf pkef]Qmfsf] :jf:Yo lauf/]/ kmfObf sdfpg] sfd u/]sf] pNn]v
u/]sf 5g . o; lg0f{odf oL sDkgLn] o; lg0f{odf k'g/fj]bg u/] klg cfpFbf]
^) lbgleq oL pkef]QmfnfO{ Ps ca{ Sofg]l8og 8n/ pknAw u/fpg cfb]z
lbOPsf] 5 . h]6LcfO{ Dofs8f]gfN8, ODk]l/on 6f]afsf] / /f]ydfG;, a]g;g P08
x]hn] o; lg0f{odf k'g/fj]bg lbOg] atfPsf 5g\ . Sofg8fdf r'/f]6 sDkgLx
b]jfgL d'2fdf cbfnt;Dd k'us
] f] of] klxnf] k6s xf] . o;df lgj]bssf b'O{
;d"x /x]sf 5g\ . o;df s]xL r'/f]6 ;]agsf sf/0f uDeL/ kdf la/fdL k/]sf
JolQmx 5g\ eg] csf{ JolQmx cfk"mn] r'/f]6 5f]8g\ g;s]sf] eGg] JolQmx
k/]sf 5g\ .
Gofoflwz l/cf]/8gn] oL sDkgLk|lt eT;{gf u/]sf 5g\ . pgn] oL sDkgLn]
cfkm\gf pkef]Qmfsf] kmf]S;f], 3fF6L tyf :jf:YonfO{ hf]lvddf kf/]/ c/af}F

8n/ sdfPsf] cf/f]k nufPsf 5g\ . pgn] oL sDkgLnfO{ s'g} klg sf/jfxL
gul/g] xf] eg] ef]lnsf lbgdf o:t} g}lts G l;h{gf ug{] pBf]unfO{ s:tf]
;Gb]z hfg]5 eGg] s'/f Wofgdf /fVg'kg{] atfP . o; d'4fsf ;DaGwdf
So'as
] sf !) nfv JolQmn] oL sDkgLnfO{ ahf/df cfk"mn] xflgsf/s pTkfbg
laqmL u/]sf] s'/f yfxf ePsf] / pgLxn] ;'tL{sf] :jf:Yodf kg{] k|efj
n'sfPsf] egL pNn]v u/]sf 5g\ . ;g\ @)!@ df kmf]S;f]sf] SofG;/af6
cfkm\gf klt hfF oE; An]; u'dPsL nfO; An];n] cfk"mn] !& jif{;Dd of] lg0f{o
s'/s
] L atfOg\ . pgsf kltn] kfFr b]lv 5 k6s;Dd r'/f]6 5f]8g\ k|of;
u/]sf] t/ g;s]sf] atfOPsf] 5 . oL pBf]un] eg] r'/f]6 pkef]QmfnfO{ cfkm\gf]
sfo{sf] hf]lvdsf ljifodf yfxf ePsf] / pTkfbg ;Lo ;/sf/sf] :jLs[lt
tyf s8f sfg'g cg';f/ laqmL ul/Psf] bfaL u/]sf 5g\ . cf/aLPrsf
k|jQmf Pg P8j8\;n
{ ] Ps lj1lKt k|sfzg u/L cfk"mxn] cbfntsf] lg0f{odf
zlQmk"js
{ k'g/fj]bg lbOg] atfPsL 5g\ . h]6LcfO{ Dofs8f]gfN8n] Sofg]8fnL
hgtfxnfO{ ;g\ !(%) b]lv g} r'/f]6 ;]jg ubf{ :jf:Yo hf]lvddf kg{] s'/f
yfxf ePsf] bfaL ub{} r'/f]6sf afdf ut $) jif{bl] vg} r]tfjgL lbOg]
ul/Psf] hfgsf/L lbPsf] 5 . cbfntn] ODk]l/on 6f]afsf]n] ^& k|ltzt,
/f]ydfG; a]g;g P08 x]hn] @) k|ltzt tyf h]6LcfO{ Dofs8f]gfN8n] !#
k|ltzt Ifltk"lt{ ltg{k' g{] lhDd]jf/L tf]ss
] f] 5 . lgj]bssf Ps jlsn cfGb|]
n];k/]G;n] oL tLg sDkgLn] %) jif{;Dd cfkm\gf pkef]QmfnfO{ em'6f] s'/f
af]nL pgLxsf] hLjgsf] clwsf/df Iflt k'ofPsf] bfaL u/] . pgn] of]
kLl8t tyf ;dfhsf nflu 7"nf] ljho ePsf] atfP . o;;DaGwL b'O{ d'2f
;g\ !((* df btf{ ePsf] lyof] / To;nfO{ ;g\ @))% df hf]8 lbOPsf] 5 .
o;;DaGwdf ;g\ @)!@ df ;'gj' fO cf/De ePsf] xf] .

/fatOfc t]u $@ 7h
] nf; @&)@
ls;fgnfO{ wfgsf] ljpm lat/0f
ul/Psf] xf] . /fxt :j?k afF8]sf]
pGgt hftsf] wfg dWo] ;'Vvf wfgsf]
aLp kf]sd
} f pd|s
] f] kfO{Psf] gLns07
gu/kflnsf & sf ls;fg 5ljnfn
clwsf/Ln] atfP . ls;fgx?n] eg]
e'sDk kLl8tx?sf] nflu kf]s}df
pd|s
] f] wfgsf] aLp /fxt :j?k afF8L
ls;fgx?nfO{ em'Sofpg] sfd ePsf]
u'gf;f] u/]sf 5g\ . cl3Nnf] aif{ klg
lat/0f u/]sf] ljp wfg gkmn]sf] /
o; aif{ emg} pd|]sf] aLp afl8Fbf
lapg} gpd|g] ls;fgx?sf] lrGtf 5 .
lhNnf s[lif lasf; sfof{no wflbn]
eg] ls;fgx?sf] nflu /fxt :j?k
NofOPsf] pGgt hftsf] ;'Vvf wfgsf]
aLp Knfli6sdf nfdf] ;do;Dd /fVbf
pd|]sf] x'g ;Sg] jtfPsf] 5 . e'sDk
kl5 kLl8t ePsf wflbsf *)
k|ltzt ls;fgx?n] o; aif{ ;dod}
wfg /f]Kg kfpg\ egL lap ljt/0f
ul/Psf] lhNnf s[ l if lasf;
sfof{nosf s[lif k|;f/ clws[t
b'uf{bQ kGyLn] atfP .

ck/fwdf
===
ck/fwdf===
k|x/L k|jQmf 8LcfO{hL sdnl;+x
ad o'jfdf g}lts lzIff cefjn]
ck/fwdf ;+nUgtf a9]sf] atfpF5g\ .
ljBfno txdf g}lts lzIffnfO{
clgjfo{ ;dfj]z u/fpg'kg{] pgsf]
;'emfj 5 . g}ltstf cefj, cfly{s
k| n f] e gpS;fx6, k| l tzf] w ,
Oiof{nufotn] ck/fwnfO{ a9fjf
lbO/x]sf x'G5g\, pgL eG5g\, csf]
nx}nx}df ck/fw ug{] / ck/fwkl5sf]
hLjg k4lt s;/L cl3 a9\5 eGg]
wf/0ff a'em\g g;Sg] k|j[lQ clxn]sf]
d'Vo ;d:of xf] . k|x/Ln] rfn]sf
ck/fwlj/f]wL sbddf o'jfnfO{ nlIft
u/L hgr]tgfd"ns cleofg ;dfj]z
ul/Psf] pgsf] egfO 5 . Ps
dlxgfotf d'ns
' sf ljleGg :yfgdf
ljefun] o' j fnfO{ nlIft u/L
zflGtb"t sfo{qmd ;~rfng u/]sf]
5 . /fHon] o'jfnfO{ nlIft u/L
b]zJofkL kdf gLlt tyf sfo{qmd
th{'df gu/];Dd ck/fwlj?4 ;'/Iff
lgsfon] rfn]sf sbd ;kmn gx'g]
atfpF5g\ u'? . ;dfh kl/jt{gsf
d'Vo cfwf/;d]t !^@% jif{sf]
pd]/df lgdf{0f x'g] pNn]v ub{} pgL
eG5g\, ljBfno / ljZjljBfnosf
lzIffnfO{ ;}4flGtseGbf Jofjxfl/s
/ g}ltsd'vL agfpg' cTofjZos 5 .

dfcf] j fbLsf
===
fbLsf===

hgf l;lgo/ :jf:YosdL{sf] g]tT[ jdf

rf/b]lv kfFr hgfsf] 6f]nL kl/rfng
u/]sf] 5 . al9 k|efljt 7fpFdf
ljz]if1 lrlsT;ssf] ;xeflutfdf
ljz]if :jf:Yo lzlj/ klg ;+rfng
u/]sf] dxf;+3sf cWoIf 8Da/ /fjnn]
atfP . cleofgcGtu{ t hLjg
aNsf] 6 L uf] / vf, uf] l jGb lji6
l;Gw'kf~rf]s, e}/j af]x/f sf7df8f}F,
/fds'df/ >]i7 nlntk'/, g]q s6'jfn
eQmk'/, nf]sz
] hf]zL g'jfsf]6, hgs
cj:yL sfe|], s}nfz nfdf bf]nvf,
nId0f zfxL /;'jf, ldgf u}/] wflb,
g/axfb' / lji6 /fd] 5 fk / 8f=
czf] s rGb| >] i 7n] dsjfgk' / sf]
g]t[Tj ul//x]sf 5g\ .
To;}u/L ljgf]b /fjn cf]vn9'f,
e'jg k'/L ndh', ldgf l3ld/] tgx'F
/ e" s Dk kLl8tnfO{ lrtjgdf
ul/Psf] k' g jf{ ; lzlj/df eLd
nfdfsf] g]t[Tjdf :jf:Yo lzlj/
rln/x]sf] 5 . dxf;+3n] l;Gw'nLdf
klg :jf:YosdL{sf] 6f]nL kl/rfng
u/]sf] 5 . g'jfsf]6df cWoIf /fjnsf]
g]tT[ jdf ljz]if :jf:Yo lzlj/ ;+rfng
u/]sf] 5 . hfklgh gful/s 8f=
Ol;bfsf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] pQm
:jf:Yo lzlj/ /;'jfdf klg ;+rfng
ul/g] atfOPsf] 5 . 8f= Ol;bf
cyf{]k]l8s ;h{g x'g\ . lzlj/df
ck|]zg, PS;/] / lel8of] PS;/]
;lxtsf] ;]jf k|bfg ul/Psf] 5 .
dxf;+3sf dxf;lrj hgs cj:yLsf
cg';f/ k|To]s 6f]nL;Fu k|fylds
pkrf/sf] nflu cTofjZosLo cf}ifwL
/ pks/0fsf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 .
e" s Dkn] dgf] l j1fgdf kf/] s f]
k|efjaf6 d'Qm u/fO{ k'/fg} cj:yfdf

kmsf{pg dgf];fdflhs k|fylds

pkrf/, dxfdf/L km}lng ;Sg] cj:yfdf
aRg pkfox?sf] hfgsf/L;lxtsf] krf{
klg k|To]s 6f]nL;Fu 5 . krf{ cleofg
k'us
] f] 7fpFdf ljt/0f ug{s
' f] ;fy}
;fj{hlgs :yndf pQm krf{ 6fFl;g]
atfOPsf] 5 .
cWoIf /fjnn] g' j fsf] 6
lzlj/:yndf lbPsf] hfgsf/L
cg';f/ cleofgn] tTsfnsf] pkrf/
ug{'kg{] ;d:of, ef]nLsf lbgdf /f]s
jf ;d:of km}ng glbg] pkfo /
e" s Dkkl5 dgf] l j1fgdf kf/] s f]
gsf/fTds k|efjaf6 d'Qm u/fO{
dflg;x?nfO{ klxn]sf] cj:yfdf
s;/L kmsf{pg] eGg]df cleofg
s]Gb|Lt ePsf] 5 . dxf;+3sf] g]tT[ jdf
o;cl3 a}zfv @( ut]sf] e"sDksf]
s] G b| l jGb' bf] n vfsf l;+ u 6L /
sf7df8f}s
F f ljleGg :yfgdf ljz]if1
;]jf;lxt lzlj/ ;+rfng u/]sf] lyof] .
cleofgdf sl/a lt; nfvsf] cf}ifwL
/ pks/0f kf7OPsf] s]Gb|Lo sfof{no
;lrj a?0f ltldlN;gfn] atfP .

Pgcf/Pg===

k/Dk/f xf] . ;+3sf] ljwfgadf]lhd

dxfclwj]zg tf]lsPs} ldltdf ug{]
lgisif{ a}7sn] lgsfn]sf] kGtn]
hfgsf/L lbP . dxfclwj] z gn]
u} / cfjf;Lo g] k fnL ;+ 3 sf]
cWoIfnufot gofF sfo{;ldltsf]
rog ug{] 5 . u}/cfjf;Lo g]kfnL
;+3n] cfufdL ;Dd]ngsf] d'Vo Ph]G8f
e"sDk k|efljt If]qsf] k'glg{df0f{nfO{
agfpg] ePsf] 5 . Pgcf/Pgn] ljZj
;Dd]ngdf e"sDk k|efljt If]qsf]
k'glg{df0f{sf] sfo{qmd Nofpg] tof/
u/]sf] kGtn] atfP . $ lbg;Dd
rNg] ;f] ;Dd]ngsf] lgjf{rg / ;dfkg
sfo{qmd afn'jf6f/df /x]sf] lgdf{0fwLg
ejg k|fuF 0fleq kfn 6fu]/ ug{] tof/L
Pgcf/Pgn] u/]sf] 5 . o;cl3
Pgcf/Pgsf ;a} ljZj ;Dd]ng
sf7df8f}+sf kfFr tf/] xf]6ndf x'Fb}
cfPsf lyP . kfFr tf/] xf]6ndf x'g]
To:tf ;Dd]ng lgs} vlr{nf] ePsf]
u'gf;f] Pgcf/Pgleq}af6 cfpg] u/]sf]
lyof] . e"sDksf sf/0f u}/cfjf;Lo
g]kfnL ;+3sf ljleGg b]zdf x'g]
elgPsf] /fli6 o ;ldltsf]
lgjf{rg;d]t k|efljt ePsf 5g\ .

!% jif{b]lv===

;b:o k|ltlglw / ljefus} lgb{]zs

;b:o 5g\ . gofF 6\ofS;L yKbf
Joj;foLxn] ;:tf] kf6k'hf{ / a9L
dfOn]h lbg] 6\ofS;L df?tL cN6f] *
;o ;L;L g} Nofpg l;kmfl/; ug{
sfo{bnnfO{ ef}lts k"jf{wf/ tyf
oftfoftdGqL ljdn]Gb| lglwdfkm{t
bafa lbO/x]sf 5g\ . Joj;foLn]
dGqLdfkm{t bafa lbP/ k'/fg} vfnsf]
* ;o ;L;Lsf] 6\ofS;L leq\ofpg
rflx/x] s f 5g\ . ;| f ] t n] eGof] ,
kf]v/fdf clxn] Ps xhf/ ;L;Lsf]
6\ofS;L u'85
\ g\ . sf7df8f}d
+ f * ;o
;L;Lsf] dfq 5g\ .
oftfoft Joj;foL / ef}lts
k"jf{wf/ tyf oftfoftdGqL ljdn]Gb|
lglwsf] ?lrsf sf/0f sfo{bnsf]
a}7s xfn;Dd Ps k6s dfq a:g
;s]sf] ;|ft] atfpF5 . Joj;foLx;Fu
ldn] / dGqL lglwn] pgLxs}
rfxgfcg';f/ lg0f{o ug{ sfo{bnnfO{
bafa lbPsf sf/0f sfo{bnsf] a}7s
a:g g;s]sf] ;|f]tn] pNn]v uof] .
;'ljwf ;DkGg / a9L ;L;Lsf 6\ofS;L
Nofpg glbO{ Joj;foLn] sf6{]lndf
sd l;;Lsf ;:tf 6\ofS;L Nofpg
vf]h]sf x'g\ . To;sf nflu 6\ofS;L
Joj;foLn] g]kfn oftfoft Joj;foL
/fli6o dxf;+3sf cWoIf lbg]z
e08f/L, jl/i7 pkfWoIf 8f]ngfy
vgfn / ;lrj ;/f]h l;6f}nfdfkm{t
;/sf/L ;+oGqnfO{ bafa lbO/x]sf]
;|f]tn] hgfPsf] 5 .

e" s Dksf] = ==

kL8f;d] t ef] U g' k /] s f] cfof] u n]

hgfPsf] 5 . cfof]un] laxLaf/
sf7df8f}+df kqsf/ ;Dd]ng u/L
e"sDksf] c;/ ;a}eGbf a9L dlxnf
/ afnaflnsfdf k/]sf] ;d]t lhls/
u/]sf] 5 . cfof]usf] 6f]nLn] e"sDk
k|efljt lhNnfx? l;Gw'nL, /fd]5fk,

l;Gw'kfNrf]s, sfe|,] sf7df8f},+ eQmk'/,

nlntk'/, wflb, g'jfsf]6, uf]/vf,
dsjfgk'/, ndh' / tgxFd
' f k'u/]
ToxfF /x]sf dlxnfx?sf] cj:yfaf/]
cg'udg u/]sf] lyof] . ;f] qmddf
ljleGg c:yfoL lzlj/ -lqkfn, 6]G6,
6x/f_ df a;] s f dlxnf tyf
aflnsfx? of}glx+;fsf] lzsf/ x'gs
' f
;fy} s]xL lhNnfx?df dlxnf tyf
aflnsfx? dfgj a]rlavgdf ;d]t
k/]sf] kfOPsf] cfof]usf] egfO 5 .
k|efljt lhNnfx?df ;'Ts]/L, ue{jtL,
:tgkfoL, tyf a[4f Pj+ ckf+utf
ePsf dlxnf / afnaflnsfx?sf]
vG8Ls[t tYof+s ;+sngsf] sfo{
k| f yldstfleq k/] s f] gb] l vPsf]
cfof]un] hgfPsf] 5 .
e" s Dk k| e fljt dlxnfx?df
zf/Ll/s dfgl;s tyf dgf]]j}1flgs
c;/ k/]sf] / :yfgLo lgsfox?df
dlxnf sd{rf/Lsf] ;+Vof cToGt sd
/x]sf sf/0f klg /fxt ljt/0f
sfo{nfO{ dlxnfd}qL agfpg g;lsPsf]
b]lvPsf] ;d]t cfof]un] ;fj{hlgs
u/]sf] 5 . /fxt tyf Ifltk"lt{ ljt/0f
u/fpg] sfo{df dlxnf ;xeflutf
u/fpg c:yfoL lzlj/df /x]sf
dlxnfx?nfO{ kl/jf/ lgof]hgsf]
c:yfoL ;fwg pknAw u/fpg
dlxnfnfO{ nlIft u/L k7fOPsf /fxt
;fdu|L ;dod} ljt/0f ug{ ;d]t
cfof]un] dfu u/]sf] 5 .
ljgfzsf/L e" s Dksf sf/0f
xfn;Dd * xhf/ ^ ;o (& hgfsf]
d[To' ePsf]df $ xhf/ * ;o hgf
dlxnfsf] d[To' ePsf] ;d]t cfof]un]
hgfPsf] 5 . @@ xhf/ @ ;o @)
hgf dlxnf 3fOt] ePsf] ;/sf/L
tYof+s /x] klg a]kQf x'g]sf] ;+Vof
olsg gePsf] cfof]usf] egfO 5 .
/fxt afF8g\ hfg] 6f]nLdf dlxnfeGbf
klg k'?ifx? w]/} ePsf] / sltko
6f]nLdf dlxnf x'Fb} gePsf] b]lvPsf]
5cof]usL cWoIf z]ifrfFb tf/fn]
elgg\ o;n] ubf{ /fxt dlxnf d}qL
x'g ;s]g .
e" s Dk kLl8t dlxnfx?sf]
;'/Iffsf nflu dlxnf k|x/Lsf] ;d]t
Joj:yf ug{ h?/L b]lvPsf] dlxnf
cfof]usf] egfO 5 . sltko 7fpFdf
dlxnfx? Ps;/f] sk8f dfq} nufP/
a:g afWo ePsf] cWoIf z]ifrfFbn]
atfOg\ . cGo lhNnfsf] t'ngfdf
sf7df8f} + , nlntk' / , eQmk' / /
uf]/vfnufotdf dlxnfx?sf] a;fOF
cln Jojl:yt /x]sf] cfof]usf] 7x/
5 . ;a}eGbf a9L l;Gw'kfNrf]sdf
dlxnfx?n] ;d:of ef]Ug'k/]sf] 5 .
dlxnfx?n] ef]Ug'k/sf ;d:of ;'gfpg]
7fpFsf] ;d]t cefj b]lvG5 . kLl8t
dlxnfn] lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no,
lhNnfl:yt dlxnf ljsf; sfof{nodf
uP/ cfkm\gf u'gf;f /fVg ;S5g\ .
Tolt geP /fli6o dlxnf cfof]udf
cfP/;d]t pgLx?n] cfkm\gf ;d:of
l6kfpg ;Sg] cfof]usL cWoIf
z]ifrfFbn] atfOg\ .

vf8Ldf===

hgk|ultzLn df]rf{sf cWoIf /fhg

l3ld/] / dxf;lra lbks lai6n]
;+o'Qm ?kdf x:Iftf/ u/L la1lKt
lgsfn]sf 5g\ eg], la1lKtdf elgPsf]
5 b]; Pp6f eofgs b}ljs k|sf]k
/ zf]sfs'n 38Ldf u'lh|/x]sf] of] ljifd
kl/l:ytnfO{ s]xL bnfn tyf dfga
t:s/x?n] gfhfoh kmfObf p7fpFb}
ef/tLo af6f] x'Fb} ca}wlgs ta/n]
vf8Lsf ljleGg b];x?df 3/]n' g]kfnL
dlxnf sfdbf/x? cfpFb} u/]sf]
hfgsf/L cfPsf] x'Fbf ;DalGwt
lgsfonfO{ sf/afxL jf o:tf xs{t
/f]Sg g]kfnL hgk|ultzLn df]rf{ s'jt]
xflb{s cg'/f]w ub{5 . cGoyf o;nfO{
a] j :tf ul/P xfd| f ] kf6L{ d fkm{ t
cfjZos cg';Gwfg / cg'udg u/L
bnfn tyf dfga t:s/x?nfO{
sf/afxL ug{ cg'/f]w ul/g] 5 .

lnk' n ] s ===

To;}u/L l;dfljb a'l4gf/fo0f

>] i 7n] l5d] s L d' n ' s xaf6
/fi6lxtljk/Lt sfo{ x'bF f klg ;/sf/
jf /fhgLlts bnx r'k a:g'nfO{
gfnfosLkg atfpFb} lnk'ns dfq
geO{ lnlkofw'/f;Dd g]kfnL e"ld /x]sf]

tYo cfk"mn] lbg ;Sg] atfP . pgn]

klg rLg / ef/tn] ;fgf] b]z eg]/
k]n/] hfg gldNg] eGb} To;sf nflu
g]kfn ;/sf/n] lj/f]wkq lbg'kg{]
atfP . pgn] sfn]sfn] ldn]/ vfpF
efn]sf] l:yltdf l5d]sL d'n'sx
nfu]sf] cfz+sf u/] .
k|fWoks ;'/]Gb| s];L eg] of]
ef/trLgsf] lnk'ns
] ;Demf}tfn] s'g}
xfntdf g]kfnsf] lxt gug{] bfaL ub{}
o;df g]kfn ;/sf/;fd" s8f k|ltjfb
ug{'sf] ljsNk g/x]sf] atfP . pgn]
eg] lnk'n]sdflysf] ef/trLg
;Demf} t f tTsfn vf/] h ug{
s' 6 gLlts kxn h?/L /x] s f] ,
cfjfZos k/] ;+3if{df pqg' k5{ .
rLgsf nflu g] k fnL k" j { / fhb' t
/fh]Zj/ cfrfo{n] g]kfnsf] Ps OGr
e"eu s;}n] x8Kg s'r]i6f u5{ eg]
r'k nfu]/ a:g' k"vf{xsf] ckdfg
x'g] atfP .
To:t} lj1x 8f= 4fl/sfgfy
9']n, l;dfljb\ r]t]Gb|h+u lxdfnL,
kml0fGb| g]kfn, ;"og{ fy jf:tf]nfnufot
aQmfn] lnk' n ] s dfq geO{
lnlkofw'/f;Dd g]kfnsf] e"ld ePsf]
oy]i7 k|df0f ePsfn] /fli6otflj/f]wL
;Demf}tfsf] lj/f]w ug{'kg{] atfP .
o;df ;/sf/n] ef/t / rLg;Fu l;wf
jf s'6gLlts kxnsbdL lng'kg{]
wf/0ff /fv] .
o;}aLr, g]skf dfcf]jfbLsf
dxf;lrj g]qljqmd rGb ljKnjn]
rLg / ef/tn] g] k fnnfO{ s' g }
hfgsf/L g} glbP/ g]kfnL e"ld
lnk'n]snfO{ Aofkfl/s gfsf agfpg]
af/] u/]sf] LkIfLo ;Demf}tfk|lt s8f
cfkQL hgfPsf 5g\ . cGt/f{li6o
dfGotfsf] ;d]t Vofn gu/L b'O{ b]zn]
u/]sf] pQm Aofkf/ ;Demf}tfn] g]kfnsf]
/fli6o :jfwLgtfdfly cfFr k'ofPsf]
dxf;lrj ljKnjn] atfpFb} o;nfO{
tTsfn k'glj{rf/ ug{ cfu|x u/] .
a} z fv !@ / @( ut] cfPsf]
dxfljgf;sf/L e'sDkaf6 k|efljt
lhNnfxdf
v6fOPsf
sfo{stf{xnfO{ ;Daf]wg ug{] qmddf
dxf;lrj ljKnjn] ;f] s'/f atfPsf
x'g\ . pgn] eg], lnk"ns
] xfd|f] e"ld
xf] eGg] s'/f yfxf x'Fbfx'Fb} dgf]dfgL
ug{' ;/f;/ unt sfo{ xf] . of]
dgf]dfgLk|lt xfd|f] kf6L{sf] uDeL/
Wofgfsif{0f ePsf] 5 . dfcf]jfbLn]
laleGg 6f]nL agfpFb} e'sDk k|efljt
If]qsf hgtfnfO{ ;xof]u ug{sf nflu
p4f/, /fxt ljt/0f tyf k'glg{d{f0f
cleofg yfn]sf] 5 . ;f] qmddf
dfcf]jfbLn] ## j6f 6f]nL agfP/
v6fPsf] 5 . cfkm\ g f b] z e/sf
sfo{stf{x e'sDk k|efljt !&
lhNnfdf s]lGb|t u/L clxn] lj:yflkt
hgtfsf c:yfoL 3/ lgdf{0fsf ;fy}
cGo ;'v b'Mvdf ;fy lbg nflu k/]sf]
5 . !& lhNnfdf klxnf] r/0fdf
kl/rflnt sfo{stf{xnfO{ lkmtf{
af]nfP/ bf];|f] r/0fdf csf{] l6dnfO{
k7fpg] qmddf dfcf]jfbLn] pQm
sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf u/]sf] xf] .
sf7df8f}+sf] yfgsf]6l:yt lqe'jg
kfs{df cfkm\gf sfo{stf{xnfO{ hDdf
kfb{} g]tf ljKnjn] ;a}nfO{ ;Daf]wg
u/] s f x' g \ . e' s DkLo Wj;+ n fO{
lgdf{0fdf abnf}, ljklQnfO{ ;d[l4sf]
cfwf/ agfcf} F eGg] d" n gf/f
dfcf]jfbLn] pQm cleofg yfn]sf] xf] .
;f] qmddf kf6L{ n ] !& cf] 6 }
lhNnfxdf /fxt tyf k"glgdf{0fdf
vl6Psf sl/a & ;o g] t f
sfo{stf{nfO{ k|z+;fkqn] ;Ddfg
;d]t u/]sf] lyof] .
o;}u/L, g]skf dfcf]jfbL lgs6
b]zeQm ;+3Lo hgjfbL df]rf{n] ef/t
/ rLglar ePsf] lnk' n ] s
;Demf}tsf] lj/f]w ub{} ;f] ;Demf}tf
tTsfn vf/]h ug{ dfu ub{} g]kfn
;/sf/ / ef/tLo b' t fjf;df
1fkgkq a'emfPsf] 5 . ef/t / rLg
lar ePsf] $! a' F b ] Aofkf/
;Demf}tfsf] a'bF f g+= @* df xfn ef/t
cltqmldt g]kfnL e"ld lnk'n]sdf
Jofkfl/s gfsf lj:tf/ ug{ ]
;Demf}tfaf6 ;fj{ef}ldstf ;DalGw
cGt/f{li6o sfg'g 7f8} pNn3g ePsf]
eGb} ;Demf}tf tTsfn vf/]h ug{ dfu
ul/Psf] 5 . 1fkg kqdf elgPsf]
5 ef/t / rLglar ePsf] pQm

ls;fgnfO{ = ==

sf= lh= k|= sf= b= g+= !^#@)^#^$

P;Pn;Lsf] glthf c;f/sf] bf];f| ] ;ftf

sf7df8f}F . ut jif{ @)&! sf] P;Pn;Lsf] k/LIffsf] glthf cfufdL
c;f/sf] bf];|f] ;ftfleq k|sfzg ug{] tof/L ePsf] atfOPsf] 5 . o;}qmddf
k/LIffsf] ;Dk/LIf0f ul/Psf pQ/k'l:tsf clwsf+z lhNnfaf6 k/LIff lgoGq0f
sfof{no, ;fgf]l7dL eQmk'/df NofOPsf 5g\ . e"sDksf sf/0f k/LIff k|sfzgdf
c;/ kg{] lrGtf b]lvP klg ;ft lhNnfafx]s ;a} lhNnfsf pQ/k'l:tsf
cfO;s]sf] / afFsL lhNnfsf] klg rfF8} s]Gb|df cfpg] k/LIff lgoGqs lji0f'axfb'/
f/]n] atfP . afFsL lhNnfdf wgs'6f, nlntk'/, wg'iff, dxf]Q/Lnufot 5g\ .
pxfFn] xfn glthf k|sfzgsf qmddf ;Dk/LIf0f ul/Psf pQ/k'l:tsfnfO{
sDo'6/df r9fpg] sfo{ eO/x]sf] / cfufdL c;f/sf] bf];|f] ;ftfleq glthf
k|sfzgsf] tof/L ePsf] pgn] hfgsf/L lbP . ut jif{ r}t % ut]b]lv
ePsf] ;f] k/LIffdf s'n kfFr nfv &$ xhf/ ^*% ljBfyL{ ;xefuL lyP .
o;}aLr, e"sDk k|efljt lhNnfsf ljBfyL{n] cfpFbf] k|j]lzsf k/LIff
lbgsf nflu tf]lsPsf] eGbf cGoq lhNnfsf s]Gb|df hfg rfx]df kLl8tsf]
klxrfg;lxt :yfgLo lgsfo / lhNnf lzIff sfof{nosf] l;kmfl/; cfPdf
To:tf] Joj:yf ug{ ;lsg] lgoGqs f/]n] hfgsf/L lbP .

cl:6off/f z/0ffyL{ cfj]bg v'Nnf

sf7df8f}F . cl:6ofn] z/0ffyL{ cfj]bg v'Nnf u/]sf] 5 . o; jif{

cl:6ofdf z/0fsf] nflu sl/a &) xhf/ z/0ffyL{n] cfj]bg ug{] cg'dfg
ul/Psf] cl:6ofnL u[xdGqfnon] hfgsf/L lbPsf] 5 . o;cl3 ;g\ @)!% df
%) xhf/ z/0ffyL{n] dfq cfj]bg ug{] cg'dfg ul/Psf] lyof] . xfn ul/Psf]
of] cg'dfg gofF ePsf] atfOPsf] 5 . o;df g]kfnL klg z/0ffyL{ ag]/
cl:6of hfg] u/]sf 5g\ . h;df clwsf+z cWoog le;fdf hfg] u/]sf 5g\ .
xfn ul/Psf] of] cg'dfg ;g\ !(^* otfs} ;j}eGbf pRr ePsf] hgfOPsf]
5 . ;g\ !(^* df Ps nfv ^@ xhf/ z/0ffyL{n] ci6]lnofdf z/0f kfPsf
lyP . z/0ffyL{ cfj]bg eg{ ;DalGwt b]zsf] /fhb"tfjf;df ;Dks{ /fVg'kg{5
] .

k'gs{hf{ ljt/0fdf l9nfO{

sf7df8f}F . ;/sf/n] e'sDk kLl8tsf nflu k|bfg ug{ nfu]sf k'gs{hf{

c;f/ d;fGt;Ddsf nflu /f]lsPsf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)&!&@ sf] c;f/
d;fGt leq ;/sf/n] cfkm\gf lgsfonfO{ s'g} klg gofF ejgsf] gS;f kf;df
/f]s nufPkl5 k'gs{hf{ klg /f]lsPsf] xf] . ;/sf/n] gofF ejgsf] gS;f kf;
ug{ /f]s nufPsf sf/0f e'sDk kLl8tx? klg o;sf] df/df k/]sf 5g\ .
pgLx?n] cfkm\gf] 3/sf] gS;f kf; ug{ ;s]sf 5}gg\ . gS;f kf; /f]lsP;Fu}
a}Fsaf6 @ k|ltzt Jofhb/df kfpg] shf{ klg /f]lsPsf] 5 . gS;f kf;
u/]kl5 shf{sf] dfu ug{] ul/G5 . To;sf/0f e'sDk kLl8tn] rfx]/ klg
c;f/ d;fGt;Dd 3/ agfpg ;Sg] 5}gg\ . gS;f kf; gug{] lg0f{osf sf/0f
k'gs{hf{ tTsfn pknAw u/fpg] l:ylt g/x]sf] / gS;f kf; ;'? ePkl5 dfq
shf{ lbOg] a}+s;{x? atfpF5g\ .

;/sf/L ;+:yfgxdf Aofks clgoldttf

sf7df8f}+ . g]kfnsf ;/sf/L ;+:yfgx Aofks clgoldttf /

nfk/jfxLaf6 rn]sf 5g\ eGg] s'/f dxfn]vf kl/Ifssf] sfof{non] xfn}
k|sflzt u/]sf] jflif{s k|ltj]bgn] k'l:6 u/]sf] 5 . dxfn]vf kl/Ifssf]
sfof{non] xfn} k|sflzt u/]sf] jflif{s k|ltj]bgsf cg';f/ ;+:yfgxn] pknJw
u/fPsf] C0f nufgL / cy{ dGqfnon] pknJw u/fPsf] nufgL ljj/0fdf
u+eL/ vf8n e]l6Psf] 5 . ;/sf/sf !% ;+:yfg dWo]df gf} ;+:yfgn] dfq}
;ft ca{ (@ s/f]8 eGbf 36L ;/sf/L C0f nufgL ePsf] b]vfP/
clgoldttfsf] lrq k|:t't u/]sf 5g\ .
To:tf ;:yfxdf pbok'/ l;d]G6, g]kfn kf/jxg tyf uf]bfd, g]kfn
gful/s p8\oog, k|flws/0f, ;f+:s[lts ;+:yfg, hgs lzIff ;fdfu|L s]Gb|,
g]kfn vfg]kfgL ;+:yfg, b"/;~rf/ ;+:yfg, s[lif ljsf; a}+s, /fli6o jfl0fHo
a}s
+ nufot 5g\ . o; dWo] 5 ;+:yfn] eg] x'g'kg{] eGbf a9L /sdsf] ljj/0f
k]z u/]sf 5g . oL ;+:yfgn] nufgL ePsf] eGbf (& s/f]8 $& nfv a9L
ljj/0f b]vfP/ ;/sf/L clwsf/LxnfO{ g} u'd/fxdf /fVb} cfPsf 5g\ .
To:tf ;+:yfgxdf hl8j'6L pTkfbg tyf k|zf]wg sDkgL, hgsk'/ r'/f]6,
lb l6Da/ skf{]/];g, g]kfn jfo";]jf lgud, uf]/vfkq ;+:yfg nufot 5g\ .
o;}u/L, ;/sf/L ;+:yfgxn] ;/sf/L nufgL /x]sf ljleGg ;+:yfgxdf
;/sf/n] u/]sf] z]o/ nufgL ;d]t ;+:yfxn] s]xLn] a9fpg] / s]xLn]
36fpg] sfd u/]sf] kfOPsf] 5 . ;+:yfgxn] b]vfPsf] z]o/ nufgL /sd;Fu
sfo{nosf] nufgL le8fg ePsf] 5}g dxfn]vfsf] k|ltj]bgdf elgPsf] 5 . !$
;+:yfdf ePsf] z]o/ nufgLsf] cfly{s ljj/0fdf pNn]veGbf & ;+:yfn] # cj{
@) s/f]8 ! nfv jl9 / & ;+:yfn] !$ cj{ @@ s/f]8 &* nfv 3l6 z]o/
nufgL ePsf] b]vfPsf 5g\ . jl9 z]o/ nufgL b]vfP/ ;/sf/L clwsf/LxnfO{
crDddf kfg{] ;+:yfgxdf PgcfO{8L;L lasf; a}s
+ , /fli6o jfl0fHo a}s
+ /
ladf ;ldlt /x]sf] 5 . To:t} sd z]o/ nufgL /x]sf] ljj/0f b]vfP/ u'd/fxdf
kfg{] sDkgLxdf b'Uw ljsf; ;+:yfg, hl8j'6L pTkfbg tyf k|zf]wg sDkgL,
cfon lgud, g]kfn jfo";j] f, gful/s p8\oog k|flws/0f, vfg]kfgL ;+:yfg,
ljB't k|flws/0f /x]sf 5g\ . o;/L ;/sf/sf] C0f / z]o/ nufgLsf] cfFs8fdf
km/s kg{' g} ;/sf/L ;+:yfgxdf /x]sf] eb|uf]nsf] cj:yf xf] .
Jofkf/ ;Demf}tfn] g]kfnsf] /fli6otf
/ /fli6o cv08tfdf ulDe/ cf3ft
k'Ug uPsfn] o; ljifodf ;Demf}tf
ug{] b'j} kIf ef/t / rLg ;/sf/n]
tTsfn pQm ;Demf}tf vf/]h ug{'
k5{ . ef/tLo b'tfjf;df g+= !!, )$
)^)!% df btf{ ePsf] 1fkg kqdf
ut jif{ ef/tLo k|wfgdqLn] g]kfn
e|d0fsf qmddf sfnfkfgL Ifq, dxfsfnL
gbLsf] d'xfg tyf cGof ljjflbt
ljifodf b:tfa]h x]/L lg0f{o ug{] elg
u/]sf] jfrf klg ;Demg cjut u/fPsf]
5 . ef/t / rLgljr ePsf] Jofkf/
;Demf}tfaf6 g]kfnL e"ld lnk'ns
] nfO{
x6fpgsf] nflu s'6gLlts kxn ug{
g]kfn ;/sf/sf d'Vo ;lra lnnfdf0fL
kf}8n
] nfO{ klg kq a'emfO{ ;lsPsf]
df]rf{sf ;+of]hs ltns kl/of/n]
atfP . To:t}, of] ljifodf rLgnfO{ klg
1fkgkq lbg rLgLofF b'tfjf;;Fu klg
;do dfluPsf] kl/of/n] atfP .

lnk'ns
] g]kfnsf] ;'b/" klZrd If]qsf]
bfr{'nf lhNnfsf] pQ/L e"efudf
cjl:yt 5 . xfn of] gfsf;Dd rLgn]
cfkm\gf] e"efudf df]6/ af6f] ;d]t
agfO{;s]sf] atfO{Psf] 5 .

/fxtdf===

x:tIf]k s'g} xfntdf dfGo gx'g]

atfP . pgn] kf6L{n] b]z}e/sf
:jo;]jsxnfO{ e"sDk k|efljt ;a}
lhNnfdf lg/Gt/ v6fO{/xg] eGb}
clxn] hg:t/af6 kf6L{sf] sfdk|lt
/fd| f ] d' N ofs+ g ePsf] atfP .
eQmk'/df ljleGg :jo;]js 6f]nLn]
u|fld0f tyf zx/L If]qsf hgtfsf]
nflu 6x/f agfpg] sfd ub}{ cfPsf]
5 . ;f] sfo{ q mddf dfcf] j fbL
kf]ln6Jo"/f] ;b:o O{Zj/L bfxfn c;f/]
sfsf, s]Gb|Lo ;b:o df]xg sfsL{
hLjGt nufotsf g] t f tyf
sfo{stf{x ;xefuL lyP .

If]Kof:q k|sfzg s]Gb|f/f k|sflzt, ;Dkfbs M /fh]Gb|k|;fb lrdf}l/of, sfof{no M yfkfufpF, sf7df8f}F, df]afOn M (*$!$)#*%!,
E-mail : chhepyastra@gmail.com,website: www.janakhabar.com d'bs
| M lwDn] ckm;]6 k|;
] , b]jLgu/, kmf]gM $$^$!%%