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lgsfoxnfO{ cfcfkm\gf Uof\df
ljeflht u/]/ ljlw / k4ltnfO{ k"/}
e+u ul/;s]sf 5g\ . o:tf lu/f]xxsf]
sfd eg]sf] Pp6f lu/f]xn] u/]sf] lg0f{odf
aN5L xfg]/ cj/f]w l;h{gf ug{' /
g]kfnnfO{ slxNo} l:y/tf jf lgsf;sf]
af6f]df hfg glbg' xf] . $ bnsf gfddf
Pp6f lu/f]xn] h] ug{ vf]hs
] f] lyof],
To;df csf]{ lu/f]xn] ;jf]R{ rsf gfddf
PDa'; k8\sfPsf] xf] eGg] tYo o;sf
k|To]s k6ssf lj/f]wfefifk"0f{ lg0f{oxn]
;flat ub{5g\ .
k4lt gi6 e};s]sf] cj:yfdf
;Qf /fhgLltdf lu/f]xxsf] jfu{l] g\
dfq afFsL /xG5 . d'Vo kIf of] jf Tof]
lgsfo geP/ ;Qfsf] rl/q xf] . of]
/fHodf r/]z t:s/;+u 3'; vfP/
dxfleof]uaf6 aRg efu]sf] JolQmnfO{
pk/fi6klt agfOPsf] 5 . lvn/fhsf]
k| w fgdGqL k| s /0fb] l v Gofofno
;fd|fHojfbsf] k'ln; rf}lsdf kl/0ft

e};s]sf] 5 . e"sDk cfPkl5sf]

cj:yfdf ;]gf / ;/sf/, d'Vo ;lrj
/ ;lrjx, Pp6f / csf]{ dGqfno,
/fHo / u};;x cflbsf aLrsf]
jr{Zjsf] gf\uf] G xfdLn] x]l/;s]sf
5f}+ . Pp6f Oio'df dfq x]bf{ c+z klg
k"0f{ h:tf] b]lvg] e|d l;h{gf x'G5 .
t;y{ ;jf]R{ rsf] xfnsf] lg0f{onfO{
bnxsf] ;xdlt h:t} ;du|
/fhgLlts k|so[ fleqsf] Pp6f v]n
7fGg' pko'Qm x'G5 . s'g} j}wflgs
x}l;ot gePsf] / s]jn bnxsf]
OR5fsf kdf l;ldt /x]sf] blno
;xdltsf af/]df ;jf]{Rrsf] t's
ljgfsf] g]tflul/n] To;sf] /fhgLlts
s'G7feGbf a9L s]xL b]vfpFb}g .
;jf]R{ rsf gfddf ePsf] km};nfsf]
rl/q a'em\g Ps dlxgf klxn] ck/
s0ff{nL ;Demf}tfsf lj/f]wdf xfNg uPsf]
/L6nfO{ To;n] k6sk6s b/lk7
u/]sf] 36gf x]gk'{ 5{, lsgls Tof] ;+emf}tf
ef/tLo sDkgL;+u ePsf] xf] .

p4f/ / k'glg{df{0fdf g]kfnL ;]gf;u ;xsfo{ ubf{

1fgaxfb' / v8\ s f
d cfkm}F klg e"sDk kLl8t . d]/f]
3/ klg eUgfjz]ifdf kl/0ft eof] .
3/af6 s]xL lgsNg ;lsPg . b'O{ 5f]/f
sf7d8f}dF f c?sf] z/0fdf 5g\ . j}zfv
!@ ut]sf] e"sDkn] cfwf Wj:t agfPsf]
bf]nvfnfO{ . j}zfv @( ut] oxL s]Gb|
agfP/ cfPkl5 t bf]nvf k"/} Wj:t
dfq ePg s'?k g} aGof] . dfgja:tL
eUgfjz]if, hldg / 8fF8fkfvfdf lr/f
/ klx/f] . dflg;x?sf] cj:yf x]bf{ lgs}
bolgo . a:gnfO{ 3/, vfgnfO{ cGg
5}g . v'nf cfsfzd'lg klg a:g] 7fpF
vf]Hg'kg]{ cj:yf .
cf]t nfUg] 7fpF / e/f];f ug]{
JolSt gkfP/ lg/f; bf]nvfaf;L .
of] cj:yf b]vk] l5 g]skf dfcf]jfbLn]
;Dk"0f{ g]tf sfo{stf{nfO{ kLl8t;Fu
hfg lgb]{zg lbof] . lhNnf kf6L{sf]
of]hgfcg';f/ xfdL !@ ut]b]lv g}
vl6/x]sf lyof}F . kf6L{ s]Gb|n] e"sDkLo
IfltnfO{ k'glg{df{0fdf abnf},F ljkltnfO{
;Da[l4sf] cfwf/ agfcf}F eGb} p4f/,
/fxt / k'glg{df{0fsf] nflu cleofgf
;Grfng uof] .
d}n] klg :jo;]jf ug]{ ca;/ kfPF .
xftdf xtf}8f af]s/] ;fyLx?;Fu} clt
k|efljt ufpFdf uPF . e"sDkn] 3/df
;a} ;fdu|L RoflklbPsf], 3/x? cfwf
eTs]/ w/fk ePsf], 3/x? eUgfjz]ifdf
kl/0ft ePsf w]/} b[Zo b]Vof}F . xfdL

k'glg{df{0fsf] sfd ;'? uof}F . ljBfno,

JolStut 3/, ;fd'bfos ejgnfO{

k|wfgfWofks bfxfnn] ljbfO{sf] qmddf

eGg'eof] . xl/s[i0f pk|t] Lsf] ;xof]uL

klg lgdf{0fdf nfUof}F . xfdL;Fu

dsjfgk'/af6 cfPsf sd/]8x?

kG;fpFb} gofF a;f]af; k7gkf7gsf]

nflu gofF 6x/f agfpFb} uof}F . xfdLn]
l;D6]l:yt k|fljsf] gofF 6x/f lgdf{0f
uof}F . lzIfs / ljBfyL{x?n] km]/L
cfpg'xf]nf eGb} ljbfO{ u/]sf] If0f d]/f]
dfg;k6ndf slxn} gd]l6g] u/L
v]ln/x]sf] 5 .
xfd|f] 6f]nL ;ToZj/ pRr dfWolds

efjgf klg :d/0fof]Uo 5 .

/fxt :j?k ufpFdf cfPsf] lrpF/f
vfFbf lttf], rfdn ksfpFbf l9F8f] x'g,]
sk8f d}nf / kmf6]sf, h'Qf RofltPsf
/ uGxfpg] u/]sf] xl/k|;fb pk|t] Ln]
xfdL;Fu eg]sf] s'/fn] /fxtsf] gfddf
s:tf] v]n eO/x]sf] 5 eGg] s'/f k|i6
kf/]sf] 5 . c? kf6L{ klg ufpFdf

ufpFdf hfFbf w]/s

} f] cg'xf/df v'zLsf
ls/0fx? km}lnPsf b]lvGy] . htftt}
p:t} 5 . xfdLn] 3/df >d zlSt
gePsf] / cfly{s ?kdf ljkGgnfO{
klxnf] k|fyldstf /fVof}F . ToxL cg';f/
aflx/ lhNnfaf6 cfPsf / bf]nvfdf
ePsf xfdL ;a} g]tf sfo{stf{ led]Zj/
gu/kflnsfaf6 p4f/, /fxt /

ljBfnosf] afF;sf] c:yfoL k|sl[ tsf]

gofF ejg lgdf{0f uof}F . ;ToZj/sf
k|wfgfWofks afns[i0f bfxfnn] xfd|f]
6f]nLnfO{ clegGbg ug'e{ of] . ;f] qmddf
cleefjs / ljBfyL{sf] klg ;xeflutf
lyof] . tkfO{x?n] xfdLnfO{ slxn}
ge'Ng] u'g nufOlbg'eof] . ;+s6df
cfP/ ;fy lbg'eof] o;df wGofjfb .

cfPsf eGg] ;dfrf/df dfq ;'of}F t/

clxn];Dd b]Vg kfPsf 5}gf}F . tkfO{x?
xfd|fd] f cfP/ p4f/ ub}{ a:gsf] nflu
gofF 6x/f agfO{lbg'ePsfdf] xfdL v'zL
5f}F . ca tkfO{x?sf] kf6L{n] s]xL u5{
ls eGg] cfzf nfu]sf] 5 pgn] xfdL
ToxfFaf6 a'n' hfg]an
] f eg]sf lyP .
klxn]h:t} u/L a'n' uflj;df

5g\ . h;sf] g]t[Tj sd/]8 lj1fgn]

ug'{ePsf] 5 . xfdLn] km]l/ klg
ljBfno g} lgdf{0f ug{ ;'? uof}F .
oxfF g]kfnL ;]gf klg p4f/sf] nflu
eGb} cfPsf] /x]5 . xfdLn] nuftf/
ljBfno lgdf{0f ul//xFbf g]kfnL ;]gfsf
;fyLx? cfP/ cfk"mx? xfdL;Fu}
k'glg{df{0f nfUg rfx]sf] atfP . xfdL
klg tof/ eof}F / xfdL;Fu} k'glg{df{0f
h'6\of}F . g]kfnL ;]gfsf ;fyLx? klg
sl:;P/ lgdf{0fdf nfUg'eof] . ;]gfsf
;fyLx?n] xfd|f] sfd u/fOFaf6 lgs}
k| e fljt ePsf] atfPsf lyP .
hgo'4sf a]nf n8]sf] ;]gf;Fu ;xsfo{
ubf{ gofF cg'e"lt klg eof] .
xfdLn] a'n' uflj;df $ ljBfno,
! ;d"x ejg / cfwf bh{g hlt
c:yfoL a;f]af;sf] nflu 6x/f lgdf{0f
uof}F . hg:jo;]jssf] 6f]nL km]l/
cf]/f uflj; uof] . oxfF klg @
ljBfnosf] gofF ejg lgdf{0f ug's
{ f
;fy} w/fksf] ?kdf /x]sf cfwf bh{g
3/sf] p4f/ ul/of] . cleofgsf]
qmddf k'glg{df{0f;Fu} sdhf]/ cj:yf
ePsf] kl/jf/nfO{ /fxt / lqkfn klg
ljt/0f ul/P .
xfdL hxfF k'Ubf klg dflg;x?n]
s'lxPsf] rfdn / lrp/f xf]Og xfd|}
3/af6 cGgkft lgsflnlbpF ,
Knfl:6s xf]Og 6x/f lgdf{0f ul/b]p
elg/x]sf lyP . x'g klg 3/df
RoflkPsf] vfBfGg lgsfNg] xf] eg]
p;nfO{ /fxtsf] gfddf xft yfKg'kg]{
s;}nfO{ x'Fb}g . kf6L{ dxf;lrj
ljKnjn] led]Zj/af6 pb\3f6g u/]sf]
p4f/, /fxt / k'glg{df{0fsf] nflu ;'?
u/]sf] cleofg clxn] klg lhNnfdf
rln/x]sf] 5 .

@)&@ ;fn c;f/ ^ ut] cfOtaf/

dxfhfndf km;]sf k|r08nfO{ v'nf kq

sd/]8 k|r08 tkfO+n

{ fO{ lxhf] cfh
;fob emNemnL ofb cfpF5 xf]nf k'/fgf
tL lbgsf] . hlta]nf xhf/f}+ dfG5]x
tkfO{s
+ f] sf]6z
] g cufl8 gegL efif0f
ub{}gy] . ;of+} dfG5]x tkfO{+sf]
sf]6z
] g g/fvL n]v n]Vb}gy] . g]kfnsf
ufpF ufpFdf dfq xf]Og, ljZjsf

g} /xg' eof] . tLa| o'4sf aLr klg

tkfO+{ ;'/lIft /xg'eof] . cfkm\gf]
d'6e
' Gbf klg a9L dfof u/]/ tkfO+n
{ fO{
5fDg rfxg], x]g{ rfxg] / tkfO+n
{ fO{
b]Vbf v';Ln] cfFz' emfg{] hgtf, sfo{stf{
/ g]tf lyP . t/, s:tf] lj8Djgf x}
cfh . tkfO{ s] ToxL dfG5] xf]nf /

hgtfsf] 3/cfFugdf ;'gfOPsf tL

syfx / tkfO{sf af/]df ul/Psf
sNkgfx ;a} unt /x]5g\ . dnfO{
of] s'/f pRrf/0f ug{ klg ;fFlRrs}
cK7]/f] dxz'; eO/x]sf] 5 . ;fFlRrs}
egf} sd/]8, tkfO{ To:tf] x'bF } x'gx' G' y]g
lxhf] < s] ldTYof k|rf/ ul//x]sf lyP

b]j]Gb| e/fO{
tkfO{n] b]vfPsf] ;kgfdf
ljZjf; u/]/ b;f} xhf/
alnbfg u/]sf lyP . nfvf}
hgtf !) jif{] hgo'4df
uf]naGb ePsf lyP . !^ a'bF ]
;xdlt ug{a] n
] f s] tkfO{nfO{ !)
cf}+ xhf/ alnbfg / laleGg
r/0fsf g]kfnL hgtfn] u/]sf cfgbf]ngsf] ofb ePg <
hgo'4sf] a]nf p7fPsf qmflGtsf/L e"dL;'wf/, ;+;bLo
Joj:yfnfO{ Wj:t ug{] x/]s ju{, If]q, hflt, efiffefifLsf]
d'Qm gofF g]kfnsf] lgdf{0f ug{] eg]/ tkfO{n] u/]sf] efif0fsf]
klg tkfO{nfO{ dWo/ftdf ofb ePg < of t dWo /ftdf
tkfO{ lgbfP/ hgtfsf] clwsf/dfly axf];df ;Demf}tf
ug'e
{ of] < of] k|Zg tkfO{nfO{ g]kfnL hgtfn] ug{5
] g\ .
tkfO{n] s;/L g]kfnL hgtfn] laleGg r/0fdf u/]sf
cfGbf]ng / hgtfsf Ph]08f 5f]8g\ k'Ug'eof] /
;+;bjfbL;Fu xft ldnfpg hfg'eof] .
s'gfs'gfdf tkfO{sf u'0fufg ufOGy] .
tkfO+n
{ fO{ ljZjqmflGtsf dxfgfossf]
ljDj lbOPsf] lyof] . rr{} rrf{,
u'0fufg} u'0fufg ;j{q . h;n] tkfO{d+ f
cbe"t / cGwljZjf; u/], ltgn]
tkfO+n
{ fO{ ;fFlRrs} b]jTjs/0f g} u/]sf
lyP . Tof] afXo dgaf6 dfq xf]Og,
bob]lv g} u/]sf lyP . csf{l] t/ s]xL
dfG5]xn] tkfO{n
+ fO{ /fIf;Ls/0f klg
u/]sf lyP . tkfO{s
+ f af/]df cgluGtL
e|dx km}nfOPsf lyP . xTof/fsf]
;Lg cf/f]k nufOPsf] lyof] . ljsl;t
Plgd]zg k|ljlwsf] k|of]u u/]/ tkfO+s
{ f
nfdf nfdf bfx|f g|f ;lxtsf] /fIf;L
tl:j/ ePsf] lel8of] klg agfOPsf]
lyof] . tkfO{n
+ fO{ lhpFb} dfG5]sf df;'
vfg] qm"/ /fIf; elgPsf] lyof] .
tkfO+s
{ f] 6fpsfsf] d'No 3f]if0ff ul/Psf]
lyof] . tkfO+n
{ fO{ ;dfTg / xTof ug{
g]kfnL zf;sx dfq xf]Og, cd]l/sL
;fd|fHojfbn] ;d]t s/f]8f}+ 8n/ g}
vr{ u/]sf] lyof] g]kfnL ;]gf dfkm{t\ .
;/sf/Lb]lv lghL ;+rf/dfWofdn] ;w}
;w} tkfO+n{ fO{ cftsf/Lsf] gfOs] eGb}
ljb\?k agfpc:g] u/L k|rf/ uy{] .t/,
s:tf] lj8Djgf x}, Toqf] tfst, k|ljlw,
an nufpFbf klg Tof] k|rf/n], 6fpsfsf]
d'No 3f]if0ffn], ljsl;t o'4 k|ljlwb]lv
;~rf/ k|ljlwn] ;d]t tkfO{k|lt
hgtfsf] dfof eg] slxNo} l;lWwPg .
tkfO{ hgtfsf] gh/df eg] ;fFlRrs}
gfos g} /xg'eof] . tkfO+n
{ fO{ ef/tb]lv
/f]Nkf, /f]Nkfb]lv ef/t af]s/] k'ofpg]
hgtf sfo{ s tf{ x n] arfO/fv]
cfFvfsf] gfgL em} u/L . /f]NkfnL
hgtfsf 3/cfFugdf tkfO{+ a:bf;Dd
tkfO{+ qmflGtsf] dxfgfos / d'lQmbftf

eGg] k|Zg ug'k{ g{] l:ylt 5 . hgtf

cfh tkfO{nfO{ dfofn] xf]Og, 3[0ff u/L
u/L x]g{ cfpF5g\ . hgtf tkfO{nfO{
x]//] v';Ln] xf]Og, l/;n] cfFz' v;fNg]
eP . Toqf] ;fd|fHojfbL o'4 / ;~rf/
k|ljlwn] l;Wofpg g;s]sf] tkfO{nfO{
cfh ;lhn} l;WofOof] . tkfO{sf]
sf]6z
] g /fv]/ n]v n]Vg], tkfO{sf]
sf]6z
] g ljgf efif0f gug{x] cfh
3[0ff ug{] eP .
sd/]8 k|r08
tkfO{nfO{ u/]sf] dfof tkfO{sf]
ef}lts zl//nfO{ lyPg . tkfO{sf]
k|r08 gfdk|lt bzf{OPsf] dfof lyPg
Tof] . Tof] t tkfO{n] af]ss
] f] Ph]08fk|lt
lyof] . hgtfsf nflu n8\g] tkfO{n]
u/]sf] k|lta4tfsf nflu lyof] . tkfO{
ef]]s]ef]s} hgtfsf nflu lbg/ft
nl8/xg'ePsf] 5 eGg] eP/ Tof] dfof
/ cbe"t ljZjf; hlGdPsf] lyof] .
/, tkfO{ ;fFlRrs}sf] d'lQmbftf clg
qmflGt gfossf ?kdf :yflkt x'ge' Psf]
lyof] . tkfO{sf] ;dk{0f efj, tkfO{sf]
Tofu efu clg tkfO{sf] ljrf/sf]
prfOn] ubf{ tkfO{nfO{ b]v/] dfG5]x
v' ; Ln] cfF z ' emfy{ ] . tkfO{ s f]
cleofgaf6 Ps lbg zf]if0f /lxt
;dfh :yflkt x'G5, ;dfgtfdf
cfwfl/t /fHo hlGdG5, ef]sfgff,
pTkLl8t, ls;fg, dhb'/, HofdL,
blnt, dw];L, hghfltsf] cgk9 5f]/f
klg Tof] /fHosf] pRr txdf k'Ug;Sg]
zf;g Joj:yf Nofpg tkfO{ nfUg'ePsf]
5 eg]/ dflg;x tkfO{kl| t uj{ uy{] .
;f]Rbf kTof/ nfUb}g cfh . t/
sd/]8 tkfO{sf] Tof] k|ltj4tf, tkfO{sf]
Tof] x's
F f/ vf]qmf] /x]5 . tkfO{sf af/]df

/ tkfO{sf kl5 nfUg]xn] < s]

tkfO{nfO{ clt b]jTjs/0f ul/Psf]
lyof] < s] tkfO{n] cfk"mnfO{ g]kfnsf]
k| w fgdGqL agfpg jf /fi6 k lt
agfpgsf nflu dfq hgtfsf
5f]/f5f]/LxnfO{ o'4df xf]ldg cfb]z
lbg' e Psf] lyof] < s] tkfO{ n fO{
clxn]h:t} dx+uf dx+uf ;fdfg k|of]u

ug{,] 7"nf 7"nf dxn 78\ofpg] /

rrf{df 5fO/xg] wf]sf] lyof] o'4sfndf
klg . s] asf{n
] ] 5f]ks
] f] la/f]nf]n]
clxn] cfP/ Dofp u/]sf] xf] / <
sd/]8, tkfO{n] ;+;bLo Joj:yf
eg]sf] v;Lsf] 6fpsf] /fv]/ s's/' sf]
df;' a]Rg] 7fpF xf] eGb} of] >dhLjL
hgtfsf nflu Gofo ug{} g;lsg]
Joj:yf xf] eg]/ clGtd lgisif{
lgsfn]sf] xf]Og / < tkfO{n] 3';vf]/L,
e| i 6frf/L, sld;gvf] / L bnfn
/fHo;QfnfO{ Wj:t u/]/ lh/f]df
emf/L Gofo, ;dfgtfdf cfwfl/t /fHo
:yfkgf ug{] eg]sf] xf]Og / < hgtfn]
cfkm} cfkm\gf] k|ltlglw 5fGg kfpg],
To;n] /fd|f] sfd u/]g eg] lkmtf{
af]nfpg kfpg], hgtf g} ;j{clwsf/
;DkGg x'g] /fHo agfpg] eg]sf] xf]Og
/ < wgL / ul/asf] vf8n k'//] /fHo
To;sf] cleefjs dfq aGg] eg]sf]
xf]Og / < ToxL eg]/} xhf/f}n] cfkm\gf]
hLjg Ps cfb]zsf e/df alnbfg
u/]sf xf]Ogg / < t/, sd/]8 tkfO{
t clxn] Gjf/fgb]lvsf] an nufP/
k'/fg} ;+;bLo Joj:yfnfO{ arfpg
nflu/xg' ePsf] 5 . tkfO{ t clxn]
hf]8tf]8n] k'/fgf] ;+;bLo Joj:yfsf]
;'wf/df nflu/xg'ePsf] 5 . lxhf]
dfcf]jfbLsf] d eGg] cIf/ ;'Gbf ;d]t
3[0ff ug{] s]kL cf]nLnfO{ hf]8tf]8n]
k|wfgdGqL agfpg nfUg'ePsf] 5 .
/fd|/L cfk"m jl/kl/sf] kl/l:ylt a'em\g
g;Sg] / cfk"mn] s] af]Ng] eGg] s'/fsf]
e] p gkfpg] cj:yfsf ;' l zn
sf]O/fnfnfO{ b]zsf] pRr kb /fi6klt
agfpg nfUg'ePsf] 5 . clg cfk"m of]
Joj:yf hf]ufPsf] h; ;a} cfk"mn] lng
lgs} d]xgt ul//xg'ePsf] 5 . lsg <
lxhf]cfh cho ;'dfuL{x h:tf bnfn
k'h
F Lsf k|ltlglw kfqx tkfO{sf
;Nnfxsf/ 5g\ . csf{] b]zsf] v'lkmof
Ph]G;Lsf nflu sfd ug{] cd/]z
l;+xx tkfO{sf skmL kf6{g/ 5g\ .
xhf/f} s f] /utaf6 ag] s f]
hgd'lQm ;]gfnfO{ tkfO{n] ?Fb} ?Fb} 3/
hfg afWo kfg'e
{ of] . o'4 n8]sf]
tkfO{sf] kf6L{sf] s]GLo ;b:o tyf
sdf08/x clxn] g]kfnL ;]gfsf]
hflu/ vfO/x]sf 5g\ . tkfO{n] Tof]
xltof/df hgtfsf] t s] cfkm\g}
;xsdL{ c? g]tfxsf] ;/f]sf/ g}
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cf]8f/df a:g] ul//x]sL l5g\ .
afx| } dlxgf cf] 8 f/sf] af;
al;/x]sL v8\sfn] cfuf]sf] dfq
;fx/f lng] ul//x]sL nxF ^ sf cd/
jnLn] atfP . vfgkfgsf] hf]x ug{
glhssf ufpF 3/ / bf]sfg k;ndf
h+unaf6 bfp/f af]s]/ ul//x]sf]
jnLsf] egfO{ 5 .
x]bf{ k|s[ltnfO{ g} lhtL ;lsg
sL h:tf] b]lvg] sflnsfsf] ;fydf
Pp6f xl;of dfq 5 . ToxL xl;ofn]
h+undf bfp/f agfpg] / sf6\g] u/]sf]
:yflgoxsf] egfO{ 5 .
pDd]/n] $) aif{ k'us
] L sflnsfsf]
cfly{s cefj sf/0f pgsf >Ldfg
/ 3/ kl/jf/n] pkrf/ u/fpg
g;s]sf] ;'g;/f vqLn] atfOg\ .
sflnsfsf nf]Ug] dSs/axfb'/ v8\sfn]
xfn csf{] ljjfx u/]/ sflndf6Ldf
a:b} cfPsf 5g\ . lbkaxfb'/ 3lt{

;sf]; . ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ ;'/IffsdL{af6

c;'/Iffsf] dxz'; gxf];\ . of] ;Fu}
;Dk"0f{ ;'/Iff ;+oGqnfO{ s'g} klg
k|sf/sf] k|fs[lts ljkbsf] a]nf Tof]
lakbnfO{ y]Ugsf] nflu bIf hgzlQm
hf] tflnd k|fKt 6f:s kmf];s
{ f] ?kdf
-bdsn, clUg lgoGqs, bIf p4f/
6f]nL_ O{sfOut kmf];{ tof/ ug'{
{ uF
cfjZos 5 . tfls tL ;'/Iff kmf];;
807Ldfq gxf];\ . o;/L cfjZoQmf
cg';f/ ;fdfu|L geO{ 807Ldfq af]sL
ufpF3/ jf 36gf :yndf ;'/Iff ;+oGq
k'Ug] x'gfn] g]kfnL ;'/Iff lgsfosf]
lvNnL p8fO{ 807] ;'/Iff lgsfo,
k'ln; eGg] afgLsf] ljsf;nfO{ g]kfn
;/sf/ / ;DalGwt lgsfon]
lg?T;flxt ug{ cfjZos 5 .
@= s'g} klg e"uf]nnfO{ s'g}
k|fs[lts k|sf]kaf6 pRr hf]lvdaf6
hf]ufpgsf] nflu s'g :yfgsf] df6f]
s:tf] k|sf/sf] 5 < slt ef/jxg
y]Ug ;S5 < s'g :yfgsf] df6f]n] kfgL
;f]:g ;S5 < s'g 7fpFsf] df6f] yf]/}
jiff{df klg axG5 < s'g e"uf]n j:tL
lj:tfsf] nflu pko'Qm x'G5 < s'g
:yfg zx/Ls/0fsf] nflu pko'Qm
x'G5 < slt e"uf]ndf sltsf] hg;+Vof
a:g ;lsG5 / lt e"uf]ndf s:tf]
k|sf/sf 3/ lgdf{0f ubf{ l7s x'G5
eGg] ;Dk"0f{ hfgsf/L jf OlGhlgol/
k/LIf0fkl5 jf e"ue{ljbsf] ;Nnfx /
ltgn] k|dfl0ft u/]sf] :yfgdf j:tL
tyf ahf/ lj:tf/ ug'{ cfjZos 5 .
lsg eg] clxn]sf] k|fs[lts k|sf]knfO{
x]g{] xf] eg] a}zfs !@ ut] cfPsf]
dxfe" s Dkdf klg k' / fgf /
dfkb08eGbf aflx/ afgfO{sf 3/ tyf
Knfhfxdf ;a}eGbf a9L dfgjLo
/ ef} l ts Iflt ePsf] kfO{ G 5 .
cJojl:yt zx/ tyf j:tL
lj:tf/sf] sf/0f cfunfuL, af9Lklx/f]
/ k|fs[lts k|sf]kaf6 w]/} dfgjLo
tyf ef}lts Iflt ePsf] / p4f/
tyf lgoGq0fdf ;d:of ePsf] tYo
pbfx/0fx 5g\ . To; k|sf/sf]
lzsf/ tfKn]h' lhNnfsf] ;b/d'sfd
nufot xfn;fn} leif0f jiff{kl5
cfPsf] afl9klx/f]n] kf/]sf] 7"nf]
Ifltsf] c;/nfO{ lng ;lsG5 .
#= ef}lts ;fdfu|Lsf] Joj:yf ug'{
klg csf{] k|fs[lts ljkbsf] ;fdgf
ug{;Sg] Pp6f alnof] cfwf/ xf] .
ljleGg k|fs[lts ljklQx h:t} s'g}
klg :yfgdf cfunfuL ePsf] v08df
cfwf/e"t cfjZoQmf af6f]sf] cj:yf
/fd|f] jf km/flsnf] jf gu/kflnsf jf
;8s ljefusf] dfkb08df lj:tf/
tyf Joj:yf ug{ cfjZos 5 tfsL
s' g } klg k| f s[ l ts ljkb tyf
cfunfuL e}xfn]sf] v08df ;lhn};uF
bdsn, PDa'nG] ;, ;jf/L ;fwg tyf
hgzlQm k'Ug ;lhnf] xf];\ . p4f/
;fdfu|Lx x]lnsK6/, ;jf/L ;fwg

/ pTvggsf] nflu ;Dk"0f{ cfjZos

;fdfu| L x oy] i 6dfqfdf x' g
cfjZos 5 . cfunfuLsf] ;fdgf
ug{ n fO{ x/] s gu/kflnsf jf
;b/d'sfd jf ahf/ jf ;fgf ahf/
jf afSnf] a:tL ePsf] :yfgdf
slDtdf klg ! PDa'nG] ; / ! bdsn
/ k|To]s gful/snfO{ hgr]tgf
km}nfP/ kmfo/ Uoff; vl/b ug{
cfJxfg ug{ clt cfjZos 5 .
$= k|To]s ;+efjgfsf] klxrfg u/L
s'g e"uf]ndf s:tf] ;+efjgf a9L 5
To;sf] ljsf;df g]kfn ;/sf/ /
:yfgLo k| ; fzgx h' 6 \ g ' k 5{ .
ljsf;Lo If]q / ;Defjgfsf] klxrfg
s;/L ug{] t < ;j{k|yd ljleGg
If]qsf] klxrfg ug{sf] nflu g]kfn
;/sf/n] ljleGg If]qnfO{ ;d]6]/
agfPsf] lgodfjnL, P] g , tyf
Joj:yfnfO{ cfwf/ dfgL ljsf; ug{
;lsG5 . tfKn]h'sf] xsdf ko{6g
ljsf;df hf]8 lbO{of] eg] oxfFsf]
cfly{s ljsf;sf] ;Defjgf a9L 5 .
oxfF kfyLe/f dftf, ljZjsf] t]>f]
lzv/ s+rgh+3f lxdfn, km'\km']
em/gf / ljleGg lxd>[+vnfxsf]
ljsf;df hf]8 lbg'k5{ h;n] ef]nL
aGg] ;+ljwfgsf] cfwf/df k|b]znfO{
cly{s ?kdf d'e x'g ;lhnf] x'G5 .
hasL lhNnfsf] cfly{s cj:yf
;Gtf]ifhgs jf ;Ifd eof] eg] s'g}
klg k|fs[lts k|sf]ksf] ;fdgf ug{
;lhnf] x'G5 .
%= cg';fzg / st{Jo JolQmsf]
klxnf] kl/ro xf] . x/]s JolQm,
kl/jf/, ;dfh, ;+ 3 ;+ : yf,
;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ ;';l" rt u/fpg] ;+rf/
u[x, k|;fzg, ;'/Iff ;+oGq, ;DalGwt
;/f]sf/jfnfn] k|fs[lts k|sf]kdfq
geP/ h'g;'s} cj:yfdf cfkm\gf]
bfloTj OdfGbf/Ltf axg ug{
cfjZos 5 / st{Jo klg xf] .
^= / wfld{s dfGotf, ;+:sf/
;+:s[lt / dfGotfnfO{ cfwf/ dfGg]
xf] eg], kfyLe/f b]jLaf6 ljutsf
jif{df e]6L NofP jf s;}n] nu]df
clgi7 x'g] egfO{ lyof] . t/ s]xLjif{
otf kfyLe/f If]q ljsf; ;ldlt /
kfyLe/f b]jL dlGb/ ;+/If0f tyf
;Dj4{g ;ldlt4f/f e]6L ;+sng
ul/Psf] 5 . ls kfyLe/f b]jL dftfsf]
;lx tl/sfn] k"hf cf/fwgf kf] k'u]g
sL < ;f]Rg' cfjZos 5 .
olt dfq xf]O{g a}1flgs a:tL
lj:tf/ ;a} e"uf]nsf] df6f] k/LIf0fkl5
dfq ahf/ lj:tf/ -zx/Ls/0f_ /
ef}lts ;+/rgf alnof], k|fs[lts
k|sf]ksf] ;fdgf ug{;Sg] bIf hgzlQm
g]kfn ;/sf/n] Joj:yf ug{ tfKn]h'
dfq geP/ ;a} If]q, lhNnfdf clt
cfjZos 5 .
k|lts[ofsf] nflu :
alok_kingkong@yahoo.com

a? vfg' sf]bf] ds} a?

vfg' kmfk/, 3"; vfg]nfO{
sfg'gn] nfp5 7"nf]
emfk8 .

g] k fn ;/sf/
;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ dGqfno

;"rgf ljefu

@)&@ ;fn c;f/ ^ ut] cfOtaf/

An8 u|'kcg';f/ dflg;sf] :jefj

sf7df8f}+ . Ps cg'zGwfg cg';f/
dflg;xsf] /ut ;d'x cg';f/ p;sf]

x'g ;S5 . oxfF /ut ;d'x;Fu ;DalGwt

s]xL afgLsf] af/]df lbOPsf] 5 .

u/L s/La $& k|ltzt dflg;df of]

/ut ;d'x /x]sf] x'G5 h;df $)

tyf Ifdtf ePsf, cfk"mn] z'? u/]sf]

sfd kmQ] u/L 5f8\g], ;Totfdf
ljZjfz ug{ ] , dfofn' / cfTd
ljZjfzn] el/Psf x'G5g eg] of]
/ut ;d' x ePsf dflg;xsf]
sdhf]/L eg]sf] 8fxf ug{] afgL / w]/}
k| l tikwf{ T ds x' g vf] H g] ePsf]
cg'zGwfgsf] qmddf kfO{Psf] lyof] .

b'lgofs} 7"nf] lxk / lgtDa ePsL dlxnf

sf7df8f}+ . clxn]sf] hdfgf l:ndsf] 5 . cem dlxnf / o'jtLx t
l:nd aGgsf nflu 8fOl6sf ;fy} of]uf / Jofofddf ;d]t ;do vlr{G5g\ .
t/ cd]l/sfsf] n; PGhN;sL Ps dlxnfsf nflu eg] cfkm\gf] ledsfo
lhpdf uj{ 5 / l:nd aGg] s'g} nf]e 5}g . lds]n ?lkmg]nL gfdsL oL
dlxnfsf] lhp lslt{dfgL ePs} sf/0f pgnfO{ cfkm\gf] lhpk|lt olt;f/f]
df]x ePsf] xf] . jf:tjdf pgsf] lxk / lgtDasf] uf]nfO{ * lkm6 5 . of]
b'lgofFs} ;a}eGbf 7"nf] lxk tyf lgtDa xf] .
% lkm6 $ OGr cUnL oL #( jifL{of dlxnfsf] tf}n ! ;o () lsnf] 5 .

Group A

of] /ut ;d'x s/La $) k|ltzt

dflg;xdf x'G5 h;df #$ k|ltztdf
A+ / ^ k|ltztdf A- kfO{G5 . of]
/ut ;d'x ePsf dflg;x zfGt /
;fdflhs vfnsf, c? ;Fu sfd ug{
dgk/fpg], sensetive / sdhf]/Lsf]
?kdf em'Sg grfxfg] / cf/fd ug{
g;Sg] jf grfxfg] afgL ePsf x'G5g .
Group B

of] ;d'xsf] /ut sd dflg;xdf

dfq kfO{G5 h;df s/La * k|ltztdf
B+ / ! k|ltztdf dfq B- x'G5 . of]
/ut ;d' x ePsf dflg;x
PsnsfF6,] h] klg PSn} ug{ rfxg]
/rgfTds v'aL ePsf em'Sg ;Sg] v'aL
ePsf x'G5g h;n] ubf{ slxn] sfxL
sfd lau|g ;d]t ;S5 .
Group AB

rfnrngsf] af/]df yfxf kfpg ;lsG5

/ /ut ;d'x km/s ePdf dflg;sf]
ljrf/ / afgL km/s x'g] ;Defjgf w]/}

Group O

;+;f/sf ;a}eGbf a9L dflg;df

of] /ut ;d'x kfOG5 . o- / o+

k|ltzt htL )+ / & k|ltzt htLdf

o- /x]sf] x'G5 . of] /ut ;d'xsf
dflg;x g]tT[ j ug{ rfxgf /fVg]

of] dflg;df kfO{g] ;a}eGbf sd

kfO{g] /Qm ;d'x xf] . of] $ k|ltztdf
dfq kfO{G5 h;df # k|ltzt AB+ /
! k|ltztdf AB- kfO{G5 . of] /ut
;d' x ePsf dflg;x g/d,
controlled / 7f /dfO{nf] ug{]
vfnsf x'G5g t/ lg0f{o ug{] Ifdtfsf]
sdL x'G5 .

kfgL cf];fg{ w]/} >LdtL

sf7df8f}F . ef/tsf] dxf/fi6l:yt

8]u+ fFdfn ufpF ;fob b'lgofFd} Psdfq
o:tf] ufpF xf] hxfF kl/jf/nfO{ kfgL
v'jfpgsf nflu k'?ifxn] w]/} >LdtL
leqfpF5g\ . dflg;n] b'v;'v ;Fu}
latfpg] / ;f+;fl/s rqm wfGgsf

nflu lax] u5{g\ . sltko ;dfhdf

k'?ifsf nflu Ps eGbf al9 >LdtL
leqfpg] 5'6 5, wfld{s jf ;f+:s[lts
?kd} . t/ ef/tsf] Pp6f o:tf] ufpF
5 hxfF kfgLsf sf/0f k'?ifx
ax'kTgL leqfpg afWo 5g\ . ufpFsf]
glhs kfgLsf] s'g} >f]t gePsf] /
kxf8sf] km]bF Ldf /x]sf b'Oj6f s'jfaf6
kfgL e/]/ Nofpg' kg{] afWotf 5 Tof]
ufpFdf . lgs} 6f9fsf] s'jfdf k'Ug
klg nfdf] ;do nfUg] / s'jfdf kfgL
eg{] kfnf] s'bf{ ;d]t w]/} g} ;do
laTg] ePsf] x'Fbf Ps hgfn] lbgdf
Ps b'O ufu|f] eGbf al9 kfgL Nofpg

;Dej x'Fb}g . Ps b'O ufu|f] dfq

kfgLn] kl/jf/sf] 3fF6L lehfpg klg
;lsg] cj:yf /xFbg} . To;}n] k'?ifx
w]/} dlxnf;Fu lax] ub{5g\ tf sL
pgLxn] w]/} kfgL cf];fg{ ;s'g\ /
3/df kof{Kt kfgL xf];\ . d'DaO eGbf

%) dfOn 6f9f kg{] of] ufpFsf :yfgLo

;fv/fd eut nufotsf y'k}| k'?ifx
kfgL >LdtL sf wgL 5g\ . ^^ jif{]
;fv/fdsf # >LdtL 5g\, ;fv|L, 6'sL
/ efuL . pgLx ltg}hgf b}lgs
?kdf kfgL eg{ s'jfdf hfG5g\ /
6fpsf]df ;s]hlt ;+Vofdf l:6nsf
ufu| f ] vK6fP/ kfgL cf] ; f5{ g .
;fv/fdn] # j6L >LdtL lax] ug'{sf]
c? sf/0f 5}g . kl/jf/sf nflu lkpg
tyf vfgf ksfpg] nufotsf nflu
kof{Kt kfgL k'uf];\ eGgs} nflu pgn]
# j6L >LdtL leqfPsf x'g\ . ufpF
glhs}sf] v]taf/Ldf b}lgs dhb'/L

ug{] ;fv/fd eG5g\, kl/jf/sf] nflu

kfgL cf];fg{ dnfO{ sf]xL g sf]xL
cfjZos lyof] . / k6sk6s lax]
ug'{ o;sf] Psdfq ljsNk /Xof] .
cfkm\gL klxnf] >LdtL aRrf kfPkl5
Jo:t ePsf] / kfgL cf];fg{] dflg;

gePkl5 bf]>L >LdtL lax] u/]sf]

pgL atfpF5g\ . t/ bf]>L >LdtL
klg la/fdL k/]/ kl/jf/ g} sfsfs'n
x'g yfn]kl5 t]>L >LdtL lax] u/]sf]
pgsf] bfaL 5 .
;f]xL ufpFsf gfdb]p gfdsf
k'?ifsf klg lzjtL{ / afufafO gfdsf
b'O >LdtL 5g\ .
ef/t ;/sf/sf cg' ; f/
dxf/fi6sf !( xhf/ eGbf al9 ufpFdf
vfg]kfgLsf] kx'Fr 5}g . dxf/fi6
/fHodf kl5Nnf] bzsotf v8]/L
;d]t kg{] u/]sf] 5 / of] k6s klg
dg;'g cf}ift eGbf sdhf]/ /xg]

lj1xn] atfPsf 5g\ . em08} ! ;o

j6f em'k3
]| / /x]sf] 8]u+ fFdfn ufpF klg
kfgL cefj / v8]/Ln] ;a}eGbf
k|efljt ufpFdWo]sf] Ps ufpF xf] .
of] ufpFdf kfgLs} nflu w]/} >LdtL
lax] ug{] rng jiff{}Fb]lv ;+:sf/s}

?kdf :yflkt ePsf] 5 . ;fv/fdsf

ltgj6L >LdtL Pp6} 3/leq
a:b5g\ . t/ ;'Tg] sf]7f / efG;f
eg] cnu cnu /x]sf] 5 . ;f}tf ;f}tf
klg afWotfs} sf/0f xf]nf lgs} ldnLh'nL
a;]sf 5g\ / Psk|sf/n] v';L 5
kl/jf/ . ef/tsf] sfg"gn] ax'ljjfx lgif]w
u/]sf] 5 . t/ kfgLsf] cefjn] k'?ifx
kfgL >LdtL hDdf ug{ afWo 5g\ .

5f]/f;/x 5f]/LnfO{
klg :s'n k9\g
k7fcf} + .

xfn} l6Pn;L 6]lnlehgsf] Ps 8s'd]G6Ldf k|:t't ePsL lds]nn] cfk"m

k"0f{?kdf :j:y /x]sf] / l:nd ag]/ lhp 36fpg 8fOl6 ug'k{ g{] s'g} sf/0f
gePsf] lhls/ ul/g\ .
cfkm\gf] lxksf] cfsf/ (( OGr /x]sf] t/ sDd/ hDdf $) OGrsf]
/x]sf] eGb} pgn] cfk"mn] lgoldt ?kdf Jofofd ug{] / vfgkfgdf ;d]t
Wofg lbg] u/]sf] sf/0fn] cfkm' :j:y /x]sf] bfaL ul/g\ . t/ pgsL 5f]/Ln]
eg] cfdfsf] Tof] bfaLnfO{ cl:jsf/ ub{} 7"nf] lhpsf sf/0f cfdfnfO{ b}lgs
lhjgdf lgs} ;s; e}/x]sf] atfOg . cfdf s]xL a]/ pleg' kof] eg] lgs}
;s; x'g] b}lgs hLjg lhpgsf nflu ;d]t 7"n} ;+3if{ ug'{k/]sf] b]Vbf
cfk"mnfO{ b'v nfUg] u/]sf] pgsL 5f]/L 8]l:6gL atfpFl5g\ .
oBlk g'xfOw'jfO nufotsf b}lgs lqmofsnfk ug{ cfkm'nfO{ lhpsf
sf/0f lgs} cK7]/f] kg{] u/]sf] s'/f lds]n l:jsfl5{g\ . pgnfO{ cfk"mk|lt
s]6fx cfslift{ x'g] u/]sf]df v';L nfUg] /x]5 . s]6fx b'AnL s]6Lk|lt
eGbf cfkm'h:tf df]6L s]6Lxk|lt cfslift{ x'g] u/]sf] pgsf] cg'ej /x]5 .
pgsf >Ldfg /]UuL of] s'/fdf ;xdt 5g\ . pgn] 76\of}nL kf/fdf eg]sf
5g\, d}n] dflg;xnfO{ ;w}F eGg] u/]sf] 5': d ;Fu x]eL pks/0fn] sfd
ug{] nfO;]G; 5 .

cfDd} slt nfdf v'f <

sf7df8f}+ . cfkm\gf em;Fu} kfg{] vfnsf nfdf v'fsf sf/0f @) jif{sL

Pshgf df]8]n clxn] OG6/g]6 :6f/ ag]sL l5g\ . lrlgof df]8]n 8f]+u n]O
OG6/g]6df efO/n aGb} uPsL x'g\ . rLgsf] cGx'O k|fGtsL 8f]+usf] k"/}
lhpsf] prfO % lkm6 !! OGr 5 . k"/} lhpsf] prfOsf] clwsf+; efu t
v'fn] cf]u6]sf] 5 . pgsf] v'f $% OGr nfdf 5g\ . pgsf] v'fsf] prfO
rLgsf & jif{] aflnsfxsf] cf}ift prfO hlQs} xf] .
xfn} Ps 6]lnlehg zf] ;'k/df]8]n df k|:t't ePsL 8f]+un] cfkm\gf]

cgf}7f] lkmu/sf sf/0f lg0ff{os d08nnfO{ klg k|efljt ug{ ;kmn eOg .
pgsf t:jL/x cgnfOgdf cknf]8 ePkl5 tL t:jLx lgs} rlr{t
alg/x]sf 5g\ . pgsf km\ofgsf] ;+Vof al9/x]sf] 5 / sltkon] pgnfO{
v'fsf] ;'/Iffug{ / lulgh a'sdf gfd n]vfpg] k|of; ug{ ;Nnfx klg
lbPsf 5g\ . !^ jif{sL 5Fb} % lkm6 ( OGr cUnL ePklg pgL cfkm\gf]
lhpsf] prfOnfO{ lnP/ lgs} lrlGtt eOg\ . To;}n] pgnfO{ lzi6frf/
sIffdf k7fOPsf] lyof] . 8f]u+ sf cg';f/ pgsf a'jf / cfdf klg o:t} ln+u]
5g\ . a'jfsf] prfO ^ lkm6 ! OGr / cfdfsf] prfO % lkm6 & OGr 5 .
pgsf a'jfcfdfn] pgnfO{ ljZjljBfnodf k|fWofks agfpg] of]hgf agfPsf
ePklg cfkm\gf] :gfts tx k"/f u/];Fu} pgL df]8ln If]qtkm{ cfslift{
eOg\ / pgnfO{ Ps df]8ln Ph]G;Ln] cg'aGw klg u/]sf] 5 .
6]lnlehg sfo{qmd ;'k/ df]8]ndf k|j]z u/]kl5 t pgsf] b]ze/ g}
rrf{ r'lnof] . pgnfO{ rLgdf t'O t'O sf] gfdn] lrlgG5 . o;sf] cy{ x'G5
nfdf v'f . cfk"m x7ft OG6/g]6 ;]lna|]6L ePsf] kfpFbf cfkm}nfO{ cgf}7f]
nfUg] u/]sf] pgL atfpFl5g\ .
olt nfdf v'f ePklg pgL ljZjd} ;a}eGbf nfdf v'f ePsL dlxnfsf]
tfh eg] klxl/g kfpg] cj:yf 5}g . uPsf] jif{ dfq} cd]l/sL df]8]n A?s
afGs/n] cfkm\gf v'f $& OGr nfdf ePsf] bfaL u/]sL lyOg\ . ljZjdf
;a}eGbf nfdf v'f ePsL dlxnf eg] ?;L k"j{ af:s]6an v]nfl8 :j]Tnfgf
kf+qmf6f]ef x'g\ . lulgh a'ssf cg';f/ pgsf v'f %!=( OGr nfdf 5g\ .

@)&@ ;fn c;f/ ^ ut] cfOtaf/

g]kfnL uLtx? lxGbLeGbf sof}+ a9L

:t/Lo
5g\
sNkgf cfa'xf, /rgfsf/
sNkgf cfj'xf a]nfotdf
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p7fpg cys ?kdf nflu k/]sL
l5g\ . tfKn]h'df hGd]sL / x's]{sL
sNkgf xs x'Fb} a]nfotdf a:g
yfn]sf] cfwf bzseGbf a9L ePsf]
5 . pgL clxn] ToxfF uLt n]Vg] / tL
em k'ofpg] sfddf
uLtnfO{ g]kfnLdfe
;lqmo 5g\ . pgn] cfkm} n]v]sf
uLtx? ;d]l6Psf gf}F j6f Do'lhs
lel8of] ;d]t ahf/df NofO;s]sL
5g\ . s]xL ;do klxn] ahf/df
cfPsf cfdf gfds Do' l hs
lel8of]af6 kfPsf] dfofn] clxn] pgL
cfdf @ tof/Ldf 5g\ . u}/ cfjf;Lo
g]kfnL ;+3 a]nfotsL s]Gb|Lo ;b:o,
e"k' ;}lgs ;+3sL s]Gb|Lo ;lrj,
ofSy' dfu]gf r'Dn'sf] a]nfotsf]

pkfWoIf ;d] t /x] s L sNkgf

cfj'xf;Fu ul/Psf] s'/fsfgLM
) tkfO{ s f] afNosfn sxf F
laTof] <
d]/f] k"vf}n
{ L 3/ tfKn]h' xfkf
j8f g+= * xf] . d]/f] afNosfn ToxL
laTof] . ufpFn] kl/j]zdf x'ls{PF .
ufpFaf6 Ps jif{sf] w/fgsf] a;fO{af6
xs x'Fb} clxn] a]nfotdf a:b}
cfPsf] 5' .
) ;flxlTos ofqf slxn] a f6
;' ? ug' { e of] <
ufpFd} k9\g] a]nf /]l8of]af6 uLt
;'Gg] ul/GYof] . /]l8of] g]kfnaf6 ;'gs
] f
uLtsf zAb no ptf/]/ Kof/f]8L
sf] ?kdf :s'ndf ufpFYof}F . To;df
d}n] zAb ptfy]{ ;fyLx?n] ufpFy] .
sDo'lg:6sf] k|efj ePsfn] xf]nf

xfd|f] ufpF3/df hgjfbL uLtx?

ufOGy] . xfdL klg :s'n, 3/ /
jgkfvfdf hgjfbL uLtx? ufpFYof}F .
:s'ndf qmflGtsf/L uLt ufpFYof}+ .
hgtfsf] hLjg Jojxf/;F u
hf]l8Psfn] xf]nf lgs} /dfOnf] nfUYof]
qmflGtsf/L uLt ufpg .
) zAb /rgflt/ s;/L
nfUg' e of] <
;fg}af6 d]/f] ?lr g} n]vg jf
zAb ;+snglt/} lyof] . :s'ndf klg
c? ;fyLx?n] ufpFg] / d}n] zAb
;+sng uy]{ . slxn]sxLF :s'ndf
ufpFy] klg . clxn] klg ufpF5' klg .
) tkfO{+ xs lsg / s;/L
hfg' e of] <
d]/f] a'af la|l6; cfdL{ x'gx' G' Yof] .
uf]vf{h\sf] kl/jf/nfO{ cfO8Ldf hfg

kfpg] Joj:yf lyof] . cfO8Ldf d

xs !# jif{ a;] . ToxfF klg d}n]
uLt ;+uLtdf /dfpg] uy]{ . xs
a:bf klg s]xL n]v] t/ o;}df nfu]sf]
eg]sf] o's]sf] a;fOkl5 xf] . o's]df
eL8ef8 5}g . PsfGtkg / PSnf]kgn]
dnfO{ aRrfb]lvsf] ?lr ePsf] If]qdf
nfUg ;xof]u uof] .
) clxn];Dd sltj6f uLt n]Vg'
ePsf] 5 <
clxn];Dd #& j6f uLt n]v]sf]
5' . h;df !% /]sl8{df uO;s]sf]
5 / ( j6f lel8of] PNad ahf/df
cfO;s]sf] 5 . cfdf PNaddf d}n]
kfPsf] dfofn] clxn] cfdf @
tof/Ldf 5' . uLtx? ;a} /]sl8{
eO;s]sf] 5 . tLg uLtsf] lel8of]
klg tof/ eO;s]sf] 5 .
) PNadsf] gfd cfdf lsg
/fVg' e of] / o;sf s:tf
uLtx? ;d]6\g' ePsf] 5 <
d hGdlbg] cfdf / d]/f] wtL{
cfdfnfO{ ;Ddfg u5{ / ;dlk{t 5'
To;}n] of] gfd cufl8 cfof] . cfdfnfO{
;Daf]wg ug]{ g/f]P cfdf af]ns} uLt
g} klxnf] uLt xf] . o;df cfw'lgs,
nf]s, kk uLtnfO{ ;d]6]sL 5' .
) ;a} e Gbf a9L v' z L ePsf]
uLt s'g xf] <
of] /rgf eg]sf] s'/f cfk"mn]
hGdfPsf] aRrf eG5g\, To;} nfU5
dnfO{ klg . cfdfnfO{ cfkm\gf ;a}
;Gtfgsf] dfof x'G5 . oltdfq xf]
s'g} ;Gtfn] /fd|f] sfd u/]sf] / s'g}
;Gtfgn] /fd|f] sfd ul/lbPsf] eP
x'GYof] eGg] nfU5 . of] lhGbufgL leIff
eP, g/f]P cfdf af]nsf] uLtn]
cfkm}FnfO{ 5'G5 . w]/} k6s ;'G5' .
) ufossf] t' n gfdf /rgfsf/
/ ;+ u Ltsf/ cf] e m] n df 5g\
elgG5 tkfO{ + n
fO{ s:tf ]
nfO{
nfU5 <
xf], Tof] ;To s'/f xf] . ufos
cufl8 cfpg] ePsfn] pxfFx?sf]
e"ldsf ;a}n] b]V5g\ / xfd|f] e"ldsf
b]Vb}gg\ . xfdL /rgsf/ / ;+uLtsf/
k5fl8 k/]sf] ulx/f] dx;'; x'G5 .
ufosn] cfk"mn] ufPsf] uLt s;sf]
/rgf / ;+uLt xf] elglbPsf] eP
;fob xfdL cf]em]ndf kg'k{ g]{ lyPg .
sltko ufosn] t d]/f] uLt eGb}
ufpg klg kl5 kb}{gg\ . Tolta]nf
b'Mv nfU5 . /rgfsf/, ;+uLtsf/ /
ufos Ps csf{sf k"/s xf}F eGg] s'/f
ufosn] a'em\g'k5{ .
) g]kfnL uLt ;+uLtsf] eljio
s:tf] b]Vg' ePsf] 5 <
g] k fnL uLt ;+ u Ltsf] If] q
lg/fzfhgs 5 . /rgfsf/,
;+uLtsf/ / ufos a9L ;|ft] f / bz{s
sd ePsf] cj:yf 5 . ;a} /rgfsf/,
;+uLtsf/ / ufos ePsf] cj:yf 5 .
;'?df /rgfsf/, ;+uLtsf/ / ufos
eGg] 7"nf] x'GYof] . t/ cfhef]ln p, d,
Tof] ;a} /rgfsf/, ;+uLtsf/ /
ufos . ;|ft] f sd ePsf] cj:yf 5 .
) o;f] lsg ePsf] xf] n f <
aflx/ ;+:sf/ / ;+:s[ltsf k|efj
d'Vo sf/0f xf] . g]kfnL uLt ;+uLt
/ x/fpFb} hfG5 ls eGg] lrGtf klg
nfU5 . ;a}lt/ lxGbL / c+u|]hL dfq
;' l gG5 . ;~rf/ dfWod,
sfo{qmd:yn, ;fj{lhgs oftfoftdf
klg g]kfnL uLt ;'Gg kfOFbg} . xfdL
g]kfnL a9L cfofltt s'/fsf] kl5
nfU5f}F . d]/f] kl/jf/df d}n] n]v]sf]
uLt ;'Gb}gg\ / lxGbL / c+uh
]| L ;'G5g\ .
g]kfnLx?n] g]kfnL uLt ;+uLt ;'Gg]
afgL a;fn]sf] eP x'GYof] .
) g] k fnL uLt ;+ u Ltsf] :t/
sd ePsfn] ;|f]tfx? lxGbL
;'Gg afWo ePsf x'g\ ls <
dnfO{ To:tf] nfUb}g . g]kfnL
uLtx? lxGbLeGbf sof}F u'0ff a9L

:t/Lo 5g\ . g]kfnLx? g]kfnL uLt

;'Gb}gg\ clg s;/L yfxf x'G5 :t/ .
h;/L cfofltt uLt ;+uLtnfO{ ;'G5f}F
To;/L g]kfnL uLt ;+uLtnfO{ ;'gf}F t
clg yfxf x'G5 s;sf] :t/ slt 5

) ljb] z df a;] / klg g] k fnL

snf / ;+:s[ltnfO{ lg/Gt/tf
lbO/xg' ePsf] 5, ToxfF s f]
jftfj/0fn] tkfO{+nfO{ 5f]Pg <
klxnf] s'/f xfdL g]kfnL xf}F . hxfF

eGg] s'/f . lxGbLsf] pb|]sf rf]nLsf

lk5] Sof x} h:tf uLtx? lx6 ePsf
5g\ . To;sf] s] :t/ 5 / <
) g]kfnL uLt ;+uLtnfO{ s;/L
dfly p7fpg ;lsG5 <
g]kfnL uLt ;+uLt dfq xf]Og
rnlrq If]q klg ;:sFbf] 5 . g]kfnL
lkmNd nfu]sf xnx? vfnL x'G5g\ eg]
aflx/ lkmNd nfu]eg] l6s6 kfOFbg} .
;|f]tfn] klxn] g} dgdf g]kfnL uLt
;+uLtsf] :t/ sd x'G5 eGg] a'emfO
/fv]sf] x'G5 clg p;n] s;/L g]kfnL
uLt ;+uLtsf] :t/ b]V5 . xfd|f
snfsf/ klg snf / Ifdtf ePsf
5g\ eGg] a'emfOsf ;fy uLt ;+uLt
/ rnlrq ;'Gg] / x]g]{ u/]df g]kfnL
snfsf/leq ePsf snf / Ifdtf
g]kfnL ;|f]t / bz{sn] b]V5g\ .
g]kfn / g]kfnLnfO{ dfof ug]{
efjgfsf ljsf; x'gk' 5{ . g]kfnL snf
/ ;+:s[ltnfO{ dfof ug'{k5{, cfkm\g}
uLt ;+uLt ;'Gg'k5{ . d'Vo s'/f t
xfdL cfkm\gf] /fi6 / /fli6otfk|lt
k|ltj4tf xf] . g]kfnL sfnfsf/sf
sdL sdhf]/LnfO{ ;'wfg{ kxn ug'{
kof] ;| f ] t f / bz{ s n] . g] k fnL
snfsf/sf sdhf]/L 5g\, :t/ k'u]g
eGb} cfofltt snf / ;+:s[ltnfO{
dfof ug'{ x'Fb}g .

a;] klg g]kfn / g]kfnLnfO{ dfof

ug'{k5{ . g]kfnnfO{ dfof uof] eg]
cfkm\gf] snf / ;+:s[ltsf dfof
nfUbf]/x]5 .
) a] n fotdf
a:g ]
g] k fnLx?dfem uLt ;+ u Ltsf]
k| e fj s:tf] 5 <
aflx/ a;]/ xf] lsg xf] g]kfndf
a:g] sltko dflg;x?eGbf nfdf]
;dob]lv a]nfotdf a:b} cfPsfx?n]
g]kfnL uLt ;+uLtnfO{ dfof u/]sf]
kfOG5 . a]nfotdf uLt n]Vg], ;+uLt
eg],{ rnlrq agfpg], sljtsyf
n]Vg] w]/} 5g\ . ;|ft] f, bz{s / kf7sn]
g] k fnL uLt, rnlrq, k' : ts
vf]hLvf]hL ;'G5g\, x]5{g / k9\5g\ .
g]kfnL snfsf/nfO{ dfof klg u5{g\ .
) afNosfndf hgjfbL uLt
;+uLtaf6 k|efljt x'g'eof] /
clxn] cfw' l gs / nf] s lt/
nfUg' e of] lsg <
clxn] klg dnfO{ hgjfbL uLtx?
dg k5{g,\ ;'G5' klg . of] ;a} ;do
/ kl/l:ylt ug]{ s'/f /x]5 . :s'n
k9\bf / ;+utn] To;sf] k|efj k/]sf]
lyof] . dnfO{ kl5;Dd klg To;sf]
k|efj lyof] . t/, d}n] g]kfn 5f8]
ToxfFsf jftfj/0fsf] dfunfO{ k"/f ug'{
d]/f] afWotf ag]/ cfof] .

n]v, /rgf;DaGwL ;"rgf

o; ;fKtflxsdf k|sfzgfy{ /fli6o cGt/f{li6o dxTjsf
n]v, /rgf / tl:j/x pknAw u/fO{ ;xof]u k'ofpg' x'g
;DalGwt ;a}df cg'/f]w ul/G5 . k|fKt ;dfrf/ / /rgfx
k|sflzt ug]{ gug]{ ;Dk"0f{ clwsf/ ;Dkfbsdf lgxLt x'g5
] .
k|sflzt gePsf ;fdu|Lx lkmtf{ gul/g] ePsfn] cfk"m;Fu
d"nk|lt /fv]/ dfq k7fpg'xf]nf .

If]Kof:q ;fKtflxs
yfkfufp, sf7df8f},+ kmf]gM (*$!$)#*%!

E-mail : chhepyastra@gmail.com

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zf]ef/fd yfkfn] ;f] lj1KtL hf/L
u/] s f x' g \ . pgn] a} B n] bf] ; | f ]
lgjf{rgsf] alx:sf/ cfGbf]ngsf] g]tT[ j
klg ug{ g;s]sf] / To;kl5 klg
;Gtf]ifhgs ultljlw gu/]sf] eGb}
df]rf{af6} x6fPsf] hfgsf/L u/fPsf
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lj1KtLdf a}Bn] alx:sf/ ug{ g}
grfx]sf] cf/f]k nufPsf] 5 . ;fy}
df]rf{n] df]xg a}Bn] /fli6otfsf] d'2f
cf]em]ndf kf/]sf] cf/f]k nufPsf] 5 .
o; ;Gbe{df lnk'n]sdfly ef/t /
lrgn] u/]sf] x:tIf]ksf af/]df a}Bn]
s'g} s'/f gaf]n]sf] eGb} df]rf{n]
cfklQ;d]t hgfPsf] 5 .
df]rf{n] nufPsf cf/f]k o:tf
5g\M df]xg j}BHo"nfO{ ## bnLo
/fli6o df]rf{ g]kfnsf] ;+of]hsaf6
cnu ug'{sf sf/0fxM
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g]skf cfjf]jfbL kf6L{sf x:tL dflgg]
df]xg j}Bn] bf]>f] ;+ljwfg ;efsf]
lgjf{rg OdfGbf/Lk"js
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rfx]sf] eP ;+;f/sf] s'g} klg tfutn]
g]kfndf bf]>f] ;+ljwfg ;efsf] lgjf{rg
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;+ljwfg ;efsf] lgjf{rg lj/f]wL h]
hlt ultljlwx eP tL ;a} df]rf{df
cfj4 cGo bnxn] u/]sf x'g\ t/
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cfjZos 7fGg' ePg . lsg 7fGg' ePg
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:j?k ## bnLo df]rf{sf] lj/f]wsf
afah'b klg bf]>f] ;+ljwfg ;efsf]
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g]kfnL e"ldsf] e":jfldTj / g]kfnL
hgtfsf] ;fj{ef}d :jflwgtf ;dfKt
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## bnLo /fli6o df]rf{ g]kfnsf]
a}7s;Dd af]nfpg' ePg . g]kfnL
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df}g /xg'n] pxfFsf] ;dy{g /x]sf]
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lagf lgdf{0f x'g] ;+ljwfgdf xfd|f]

c;xdtL /x]sf] s'/f ;ef cWoIf
Ho"nfO{ hfgsf/L u/fPsf 5f}F .

k| r 08n] = ==

dxL eQf ! xhf/, ;a} u/]/ k|dv

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k|ltkIfL bnsf g]tfsf] x}l;otn] dfl;s
;+;b ;lrjfno dfkm{t ! nfv & xhf/
* ;o ** ?k}oF f k|lt dlxgf a'em\5g\ .
k|r08nfO{ k|dv
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x}l;otn] :jlso ;lrjfno ;'ljwf
pknAw 5 . h;df Ps hgf pk;lrj,
Ps hgf gfoa ;'Aaf, b'O{ xn'sf ;jf/L
rfns / Ps hgf sfof{no ;xof]uL
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nflu ;lrjfnon] dfl;s ** xhf/ $
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ub{5 . of] /sdaf6 pk;lrjn] dfl;s
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kfpF5g\ .
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;ef;bn] :jsLo ;lrjfnosf] vr{
;'ljwf;lxt dfl;s emG8} ! nfv a'em\g]
u5{g\ . ;ef;bn] ljleGg zLif{sdf kfpg]
/sd;d]t hf]8b\ f dfl;s (( xhf/ $
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kfpg] kfl/>lds tyf ;'ljwfsf] ljj/0f
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lah'nL !,@$*., 6]lnkmf]g @,))).,
cfjf; ^,%))., d;nGb !,))).,
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a}7s eQfafkt b}lgs b'O{ ;o ?k}ofF
kfpF5g\ . ;+;b tyf ;+ljwfg;efsf
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If]q jf af;:yfgaf6 clwj]zg jf
;ldltsf a}7sdf efu lng cfpFbf
hfFbf b'Oh
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/x]sf] 5 . Ps sfo{sfndf kmlg{r/
;'ljwfafkt !% xhf/ ?k}ofF kfpF5g\ .
dx+uL eQfafkt dfl;s ! xhf/ ?k}ofF
kfp5g\ .

bh{ g eGbf===

;Defjgf 5, hlta]nf h] klg x'g

;S5, pgn] eg], jiff{tdf af6f] ;'rf?
/fVg / ofqLnfO{ ;'/lIft :yfgdf k'o{ fpg]
tof/Laf/] 5nkmn ub{5
} f}+ .
c/lgsf] /fhdfu{ v08sf]
bf]nfn3f6afx|la;]sf]bf/L ;8s,
nfdf];fF3' v08sf] rl/sf]6lh/L
;8s, tfdfsf];L v08sf] dGynL
v'sf{]6 ;8s clt hf]lvdk"0f{ 5g\ .
k|ltj]bgcg';f/ 6f]vf5x/] ;8s,
kf;f Nxfd' /fhdfu{sf] afnfh'
ssgLlqz"nL ;8s, lqz"nL v08sf]
w'Gr]:ofk|m'a];L/;'jfu9L ;8s /
k[YjL /fhdfu{sf] sf7df8f}+d'lUn
8'd|] ;8s klg e"sDkn] lr/f k/]sf]
5 . uf]vf{sf] P3f/lsnf]af/kfs
;8s, d'lUng ;8s, ;fFv' ef]6]rf}/
;8s, l;4fy{ /fhdfu{, kf]v/f ;8s
v08sf] afun'a]gLhf]d;f]d ;8s
/ x]6f}+8f ;8s v08sf] eLdkm]bL
s'n]vfgLl;:g]/L5}dn]blIf0fsfnL
;8sdf klg klx/f]sf] hfg ;Sg]
;Defjgf 5 . /;' j f, bf] n vf /
l;Gw'kfNrf]s / uf]vf{nufot ;8sdf
e"sDk uPsf a]nf klx/f]n] cj?4
ePsf] eGb} xfn ;'rf? ePsf] pgn]
atfP . Tof] a]nf ljleGg pks/0f
k|of]u u/L ;'rf? uof}+, t/ jiff{tdf
klx/f] hf]lvdrflxF lgs} 5, pgn]
eg] , dg;' g ;' ? gx' F b } ljleGg
ljsNksf] tof/L u/]sf 5f}+ .
ljefun] % ljsNk ;8saf6
oftfoft ;'rf? ug{] tof/L u/]sf] 5 .
ljsNk ;8ssf] klg dd{t ;Def/
cl3 a9fPsf] sfsL{n] atfP . lqe'jg
/fhky, sflGt /fhky, aLkL /fhdfu{
v08sf] ag]kfl;Gw'nLalb{af; ;8s,
;LtfkfOnfwfs{] ;8s / uN5L
lqz"nL ;8snfO{ ljsNksf kdf
k|of]u ug{ ;lsg] pgn] atfP .
pRr hf]lvdk"0f{ ;8sdf Ps};fy
klx/f] uP af6f] v'nfpg ljefu;Fu
kof{Kt pks/0f gePsf] pgn] atfP .
dxflgb{z
] s sfsL{n] pks/0f vl/baf/]
;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfo;Fu 5nkmn
eO/x]sf] atfP . xf]Og clt g}

;fjwfgL cj:yfdf a;]sf 5f},+ ljleGg

:yfgdf ljz]if1;lxtsf] p4f/ 6f]nL
/fV5f},+ a9L ;jf/L;fwg cfjthfjt
x'g] ;8snfO{ clt ;+jb] gzLn 3f]if0ff
u5f{}+, h;/L klg cfjfudg cj?4
x'Gg lbGgf}+, pgn] eg], jiff{tcl3 g}
cTofw'lgs pks/0f Nofpg] tof/L
klg ul/;s] s f 5f} + . pks/0f
vl/bsf nflu sl/a %% s/f]8 ?k}ofF
cy{ dGqfnon] ljlgof]hg ul/;s]sf]
pgn] hgfP . pRr hf]lvddf /x]sf]
;8sx o; k|sf/ /x]sf 5g\ .
c/lgsf] /fhdfu{ v08sf] bf]nfn3f6
afx|la;]sf]bf/L, nfdf];fF3' v08sf]
rl/sf]6lh/L (#) tfdfsf];L v08sf]
dGynLv'sf{]6, 6f]vf5x/] (%)
kf;fNxfd' /fhdfu{sf] afnfh'ssgL
lqz"nL, lqz"nL v08sf] w'Gr]
:ofk| m ' a ] ; L/;' j fu9L (&)
k[YjL/fhdfu{sf] sf7df8f}+ d'lUn8'd,]|
uf]vf{sf] P3f/lsnf]af/kfs, d'lUn,
;fFv' ef]6r
] f}/, l;4fy{ /fhdfu{, kf]v/f
;8s v08sf] afUn'a]gLhf]d;f]d,
x]6f}+8f ;8s v08sf] eLdkm]bL
s'n]vfgLl;:g]/L5}dn]blIf0fsfnL
cflb ;8s pRr hf]lvdsf k/]sf
;8s x'g .

!^ a'b]nfO{===

lagfsf * k|b]z agfpg] ;xdlt

ePsf] lyof] . ;Ldf+sgsf nflu ;+3Lo
cfof]u agfpg] / k|bz
] ;efn] gfdf+sg
ug{] ;xdlt klg bnx?aLr ePsf]
lyof] . pQm ;xdlt cGtl/d
;+ljwfgsf] !#* sf] Joj:yfsf] k|lts'n
/x]sf] bfaL l/6df ul/Psf] 5 .
;+ljwfgsf] pQm wf/fdf :jfoQ
k|b]zx?sf] ;Ldf, ;+Vof, gfd /
;+/rgfnufot /fHosf] k'gM;+/rgf
tyf ;+ 3 Lo zf;g k| 0 ffnLsf]
:j?k;DaGwL ljifo ;+ljwfg;efn] u/]
adf]lhd x'g]5 elgPsf] 5 .

g]skf dfcf]jfbL===
/utsf] cefj eO/xF b f kf6L{ s f]
cfof] h gfdf j} z fv !* ut]
e[s6' Ld08kl:yt /]8qm;df /Stbfg
sfo{qmd ;DkGg eof] . dxf;lrj
ljKnjn] /Stbfg u/]/ sfo{qmdsf]
pb\3f6g u/]sf lyP . To;}u/L a}zfv
!( ut] / sflndf6L / cf;kf;sf]
If]qsf ;fy} eStk'/ / nlntk'/sf
a9L rfk eO/x]sf] :yfgsf] klg
;/kmfO ug]{ sfo{ ;DkGg eof] .
e"sDkaf6 3/af/ljxLg ag]sf
kLl8tsf] c:yfoL a;f]af;sf] nflu
dxf;lrj ljKnjs} g]tT[ jdf j}zfv
@) ut] sf7df8f}Fsf] 6f]vfaf6 6x/f
lgdf{0f sfo{sf] ;'jft eof] . To;}u/L
j} z fv @! ut] eStk' / sf]
rfFug' f/fo0fsf kLl8tsf] a;f]af;sf]
nflu 6x/f lgdf{0f sfo{sf] ;'jft
eof] .
oltj]nf;Dd s'g} klg /fhgLlts
kf6L{n] cfkm\gf] ;+u7g kl/rfngsf]
s'/f;d]t u/]sf lyPgg\ . ljKnj
kLl8tsf] 3/cfFugdf k'Ubf pgLxn]
7"nf] /fxtsf] dx;'; u/]sf lyP .
dflg;x lg/f;faf6 cfzfdf kms{g
yfn] . ljKnjn] 6f]vf / rfFug' f/fo0fdf
k'Ubf e"sDkn] l5ofl5of ePsfx
dgxdf cfzfsf ls/0fx b]lvP .
;a}lt/ :yflgo kf6L{ kl/rflnt
ePsf] lyof] . klxnf] r/0fsf] sfo{qmd
;lsof] .
bf];f| ] r/0fdf g]skf dfcf]jfbL a9L
k|efljt !@ lhNnfdf p4f/sf] nflu
;]tLdxfsfnL / d]rL sf]zLaf6 o'jf
b:tf k7fof] . p;n] Jojl:yt p4f/
/ k' g lg{ d f{ 0 fsf] nflu vl6g]
o' j fxnfO{
sf7df8f} F s f]
l8NnLahf/l:yt kb\d sGo pRr
dfWolds ljBfnodf OlGho/af6
k|lzIf0f lbg nufof] . kfFr hgf
OlGhlgo/n] a:g ldNg / a:g gldNg]
3/ s;/L 5'6\ofpg] / 6x/f lgdf{0f
;DalGw tflnd tyf k|lzIf0f lbPsf
lyP . oltj] n f;Dd s' g } klg
/fhgLlts kf6L{sf g]tfsf] lbdfudf
cfkm\gf] ;+u7g kl/rfngsf] sNkgf
;d] t lyPg . ha /ftf] l6;6{
nufPsf tflnd k|fKt o'jfx e"sDk
k|efljt lhNnf k'Ug yfn] cGo
/fhgLlts kf6L{xnfO{ 7"nf] bafa
eof] . To;kl5 cGo /fhgLlts
kf6L{n] klg xf]xNnf ug{ yfn] .

pgLxnfO{ g p4f/;DaGwL 1fg g}

lbPsf] lyof] .
tflnd k|fKt o'jfxnfO{ g]skf
dfcf] j fbLn] uf] / vfsf] af/kfs,
l;Gw' k fNrf] s , bf] n vf, g' j fsf] 6 ,
wflbnufot a9L k|efljt lhNnfdf
k7fof] . pgLxn] klxnf] dfgjLo
p4f/ u/] / a;f] a f;sf] nflu
k'glg{df{0fdf h'6] . kf6L{n] /fxt
gk'us
] f s]xL 7fpFxdf /fxt ljt/0f
;d]t uof] . g]skf dfcf]jfbLn]
dxf;lrjsf] g]tT[ jdf dsjfgk'/sf]
b]p/fnL uflj;sf] uf]ugLdf klxnf]
/fxt ljt/0fsf] ;'jft uof] .
dxf;lrj ljKnj / k| a Stf
k|sf08 /fxt / k'glg{df{0fsf] nflu
o'jf b:tf lnP/ e"sDksf] s]Gb|ljGb'
uf]/vfsf] af/kfs k'u] . k}bnaf6
af/kfs klg klxnf] k6s ljKnj g}
k'u] . Tof]eGbf klxn] k|wfgdGqL ;]gfsf]
x]lnsf]K6/ r9]/ ToxfF k'u]sf lyP .
kLl8t;Fusf] e]6df jiff{kl5 k'glg{df{0f
x'G5 eg]kl5 af/kfsLn] alx:sf/
u/] . k}bn k'u]sf ljKnjn] Wj:t
af/kfssf] rf/ 306fsf]
cjnf]sgkl5 k'glg{df{0fsf] pb\3f6g
u/] .
j} z fv @( ut] s f] 7" n f]
k/fsDkgkl5 g]skf dfcf]jfbLn]
kl/rfngnfO{ 7"nf] :s]ndf k'ofpg]
of]hgf agfof] . s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf]
a}7sn] e"sDkLo Wj+;nfO{ k'glg{df{0fdf
abnf}F ljklQnfO{ ;d[l4sf] cfwf/df
agfcf}F eGg] d'Vof gf/f to ub}{ csf]{
r/0fsf] p4f/, /fxt tyf
k'glg{df{0fnfO{ cleofgfTds kdf
cufl8 a9fof] . o; k6s p;n] !&
lhNnfdf PsPs lhNnfdf Ps hgf
s]Gb|Lo ;b:osf] g]t[Tjdf 6f]nL
k7fof] . a9L Iflt ePsf] lhNnfdf
b'O{ ;d"x ;d]t u/L @% ;d"xnfO{
of]hgfa4 kdf kl/rfng uof] .
k|To]s ;d"xdf !) hgf /xg] / p;n]
!) lbg;Dd clgjfo{ kdf sfd
ug'k{ g]{ gLlt agfof] .
j}zfv @( ut]sf] e"sDkn] s]Gb|
agfPsf] bf]nvfsf] l;+u6Ldf klg
klxnf] k6s g] s kf dfcf] j fbLs}
pkl:ylt eof] . j}zfv #! ut] clvn
g]kfn hg:jf:YosdL{ dxf;+3sf
cWoIf 8Da/ /fjnsf] g] t [ T jdf
lgMz'Ns :Jf:Yo lzlj/sf] ;' eof] .
oxfF cGo s'g} klg /fhgLlts kf6L{sf
g]tf sfo{stf{sf] pkl:ylt lyPg .
:yflgo sfo{stf{ klg ;'/lIft :yfgsf]
vf] l h ul//x] s f lyP t/ g] s kf
dfcf]jfbL cfj4 :jf:YosdL{x eg]
;a}eGbf r'gf}ltsf] 7fpFdf k'u] .
bf]nvf hg:jf:Yo k|d'v vu]Zj/
u]nfnn] rl/sf]6df l;+u6L klxnf]
k| f yldstf eP klg vt/fo' S t
ePsfn] cfk"m ToxfF hfg'xf];\ eGg g;Sg]
atfPsf lyP . l;+ u 6L k' u ] s f
:jf:YosdL{n] g]kfnL p4f/df /x]sf]
g]kfnL ;]gf / k|x/LnfO{ :jf:Yo ;]jf
k|bfg u/]sf] lyof] .
p4f/sf] nflu cfPsf] ef/tLo
;]gfn] dgkl/ ul//x]sf] rrf{kl/rrf{
eP klg s;}n] cf}krfl/s kdf eGg
;s]sf] lyPgg\ . g]skf dfcf]jfbL h]7
# ut] v'nf d~rdf kqsf/ ;Dd]ng
u/]/ h]7 dlxgfleq ;Dk"0f{ ljb]zL
;]gfnfO{ cfcfkm\gf] b]z kms{ eGof] .
To;sf] ef]lnkN6 g]kfnL ;]gfn]
lj1flKt lgsfn]/ cfk"mx casf]
ljklQsf] ;fdgf ug{ g]kfnL ;]gf ;Ifd
ePsf] eGb} 3'dfp/f] efiffdf ef/tLo
;]gfnfO{ kms{g cfu|x uof] . x'g klg
h]7leq} pgLx kms]{ .
g]kfndf e"sDkLo ljklQsf] a]nf
rLg / ef/tn] ;Ldf Jofkf/ ;Demf}tf
u/] . $! a'Fb] pSt ;Ldf Jofkf/
lj:tf/ ;Demf}tfsf] @* g+= a'Fbfdf
g] k fnL e" d Ldf kg] { lnk' n ] s nfO{
Jofkfl/s k|of]hgsf] nflu k|of]u ug{]
eGg] pNn]v u/] . /fli6otfk|lt
;+jz
] gzLn s]xL JolStafx]s c s'g}
kf6L{n] o;sf] lj/f]w ug{ ;s]sf]
lyPg . h]7 @) ut] g]skf dfcf]jfbL
lgs6 g]kfn /fli6o a'l4hLaL ;+u7gn]
;Ldfljb\ , Oltxf;ljb\ /
;/f]sf/jfnfaLr ef/trLg gofF
Jofkf/ ;Demf}tf, lnk'n]s / g]kfnL
/fli6otf ljifoddf a[xt\ cGt/lqmof
uof] . h]7 @! ut] b]zeSt ;+3Lo
hgjfbL df]rf{sf] tkm{af6 ef/tsf

k|wfgdGqL / g]kfnsf k|wfgdGqLnfO{

;Demf}tfsf] pSt a'bF f vf/]hLsf dfu
ub} { 1fkgkq a' e mfof] . g] s kf
dfcf]jfbLn] Oltxf;d} klxnf] k6s
rLgsf] /fi6kltnfO{ 1fkgkq lbg]
tof/L ul//x] s f] a' l emPsf] 5 .
lakbsf] a]nf /fli6otfdfly ePsf]
cfqmd0fsf] la/f]w klxnf] k6s g]skf
dfcf]jfbLn] g} uof] . kl5 c kf6L{
o;af/] af]Ng afWo eP .
g]skf dfcf]jfbLn] csf]{ gofF sfd
uof] . p;n] e"sDk k|efljt If]qdf
:jod;]jf ug]{ g]tf sfo{stf{nfO{ ljz]if
sfo{qmd u/]/ awfO;lxt k|;+zfkq
lbPsf] 5 . kf6L{n] ;' u/]sf] p4f/,
/fxt / k' g lg{ d f{ 0 f cleofgdf
v6]sfxsf] ;Ddfgsf] nflu kf6L{n]
;f] k|;+zfkq k|bfg u/]sf] xf] . of]
klg g]skf dfcf]jfbLn] dfq u/]sf]
5 . h]7 !* ut] lqe'jgkfs{ yfgsf]6
/ h]7 @( ut] sLlt{k'/sf] rf]ef/df
pSt sfo{qmd ;DkGg ul/;s]sf] 5 .
k|efljt !& lhNnfdf @% ;d"xdf
g]tf sfo{stf{ p4f/ / k'glg{df{0f
vl6/x]sf 5g\ . dxf;lrj ljKnj,
k|aStf k|sf08, :yfoL ;ldlt ;b:o
wd]G{ b| af:tf]nfnufot g]tf sfo{stf{
e"sDk k|efljt lhNnfdf uP/ >ddf
hf]l8Psf 5g\ . p4f/sf] qmddf
/fd]5fk ;]qm]6/Lnufot cfwf bh{g
g]tf sfo{stf{ 3fOt] eO;s]sf 5g\ .
e"sDk k|efljt lhNnfsf hgtfn]
kf6L{ x'g' t ljKnj dfcf]jfbL h:tf]
x'g'k5{ eGg] u/]sf 5g\ .
g]skf dfcf]jfbL ;|f]tsf cg';f/
#) xhf/ g]tf sfo{stf{nfO{ e"sDk
k|efljt lhNnfdf k'ofpg] of]hgf
agfPsf] 5 . clxn] klg k|To]s
lhNnfdf Pshgf s]Gb|Lo ;b:osf]
g]tT[ jdf p4f/ / k'glg{df{0f hf/L 5 .

lnk' n ] s ===

/0fgLlts
lx;fan]
lnlDkofw'/fIf]qdfly x:tIf]ksf] gLlt
lnPsf] xf] . dxfsfnLsf] l;FlrtIf]q
ef/tsf k|efjzfnL /fhgLlts bn
tyf e"tk"j{ k|wfgdGqLxsf] r'gfjL
If] q cGtu{ t kg{ ] ePsf] n ] klg
dxfsfnLn] ef/tLo s] G b| L o
/fhgLltdf dxTjk"0f{ :yfg cf]u6]sf]
5.
To;} u /L k~r] Z j/ cfof] h gf
lgdf{0f u/L dxfsfnLsf] kfgL ef/tn]
gbL hf]8\g] of]hgfcGtu{t lbNnLsf]
vfg]kfgL cfk"lt{ ub{} /fh:yfg tyf
u'h/ft;Dd k'ofpg] vfsf o;cl3
g} sf]l/;s]sf] 5 . log} sf/0fn] ubf{
klg ef/t dxfsfnL gbL
hnfwf/If] q sf] cTolws e" efu
cfkm\gf] If]qdf kfg{ rfxG5 . ef/tn]
dxfsfnLsf] k|dv
' hnfwf/If]qdf kg{]
lnlDkofw'/f / lnk'dfly sAhf hdfpg
vf]Hg' o;sf] k|d'v sf/0f xf] .
To;}u/L s}nfzdfg;/f]j/ hfg
g;Sg] x
g] k fnsf]
lnlDkofw' / fcGtu{ t hf] l ng
kj{tdfnfdf cjl:yt cflb s}nfz 5f]6f s}nfz_ sf] bz{g u/L To;}sf]
km]bLdf /x]sf] kfj{tL tfndf :gfg
u/]/ kms{g] k|rng 5 . x'g klg 5f]6f
s}nfz / kfj{tL tfnsf] b[Zo s}nfz
dfg;/f]j/nfO{ la;f{pg] vfnsf] 5 .
wfld{s ls+jbGtLcg';f/ ;+;f/e/
/x]sf ;ftj6f s}nfzdWo] rLgsf]
ltAatdf /x]sf] s}nfzsf] gfd klxn]
cfpF5 . To;kl5 dl0fdx]z, >Lv08,
>Ls}nfz, lsGgf}/ lnlDkofw'/f If]qdf
cjl:yt 5f] 6 f s} n fzsf] gfd
cfpF 5 . csf{ ] l t/ o; If] q df
k|fs[ltskd} cf]d n]lvPsf]
kj{tsf] cg'kd Pj+ cnf}lns b[Zo
/x]sf] 5 .
k~r]Zj/ cfof]hgf lgdf{0f u/L
dxfsfnLsf] kfgL ef/tn] gbL hf]8g\ ]
of]hgfcGtu{t lbNnLsf] vfg]kfgL
cfk" l t{ ub{ } /fh:yfg tyf
u'h/ft;Dd k'ofpg] vfsf o;cl3
g} sf]l/;s]sf] 5
dxlif{ j]bAof;n] tk:of u/]sf]
Aof;u'kmf, kfFrkf08jkj{t, gfu
gflugLkj{t, a|Dxfkj{t, kf08j s'6L
cflb kljq lxGb" lty{:yn /x]sf
5g\ . j]bAof;sf] tkf]e"ld ePs}
sf/0f o; If]qnfO{ Aof; pkTosf eGg]
ul/G5 . To;}u/L kf08jx :ju{
hfg] qmddf o; If] q df s' 6 L

agfOa;]sf] / kl5 ToxL s'6Lsf

gfdaf6 Pp6f ufpFsf] gfd s'6L /x]sf]
xf] eGg] egfO 5 . o;/L of] If]q
;fdl/s dxTj, cb\e"t k|fs[lts
;f}Gbo{sf] vfgL, ko{6g ljsf;sf] k|r/'
;Defjgf af] s ] s f] If] q , lxdfnL
jgk}bfjf/, of;f{uD' afnufot ax'dN" o
hl8a' 6 L e08f/ tyf wfld{ s
b[li6sf]0fn] ;d]t plQs} dxTjk"0f{
:yfg /x]sf] x'Fbf ef/tn] o; kljq
g]kfnL e"ldnfO{ ;}Goansf cfwf/df
x8Kg vf]h]sf] b]lvG5 .

d' V o;lrjsf
===
o;lrjsf===

g]tfxsf] gh/df /fd|f] ;lrj g}

d' V o;lrjdf lgo' Q m x' g ] 5 g\ .
t'ngfTds ?kdf eg] k|zf;gdf
vgfn Ifdtfjfg\ ;lrjsf ?kdf
lrlgG5g\ .
To:t} k|zf;gdf ;lrjsf klg @
kb l/Qm ePsf 5g\ . g]kfn 6i6sf]
sfof{ n osf g/axfb' / /hjf/n]
cjsfz kfPsf 5g\ . >d
dGqfnosf ef]nf lzjfsf]6Ln] klg
cfufdL dlxgf cjsfz kfpFb}5g\ .
cjsfz x'g] a]nfdf pgL sdfpg]
wGbfdf nfu]sf 5g\ . csf{ ;lrj
z/brGb| kf}8]n lgnDagdf 5g\ .
cWofudg ljefusf] dxflgb{z
] s x'bF f
ko{6g af]8s
{ f] a}7sdf ;xefuL ePsf]
36gfdf pgnfO{ clVtof/ b'?kof]u
cg';Gwfg cfof]un] d'2f bfo/ u/]sf]
lyof] .

rf/===
eg] ;+;bjfbLx?n] xfd|f] Tofu, tk:of
/ alnbfgLsf] cjx]ngf ug]{ / zflGt
;Demf}tfsf] / !@ a'Fb] ;xdltsf]
3]/feGbf aflx/ uP cfufdL lbgdf
km]l/ eofgs G lglDtG5 .
o;/L dfcf]jfbL cfGbf]ng sdhf]/
ePsf] df}sf 5f]k/] kZrufdL zlQmx?n]
hgo' 4 n] :yflkt u/] s f d" N o
dfGotfnfO{ ;dfKt ub}{ nu]sf] pgsf]
7x/ 5 . olb Pdfn]sfFu;
]| !@ aFb' a] f6
efu] of !^ a'bF n
] fO{ g} !@ a'bF ] ;xdlt
/ lj:t[t zflGt ;Demf}tfsf] ?kdf
JofVof ug{ yfn] g]kfnL hgtfn] pgLx?
la?4 s8f ;+3i{ f ug]{ atfP .
o;} sfo{qmddf dfcf]jfbL g]t[ v'df
;'jb] Ln] tTsfnLg ;/sf/n] sfkL /
snd af]s]sf o'jf ljBfyL{x?nfO{
aGb'swf/L ;Dem]/ j]kQf kf/]sf] eGb}
!# aif{ lalt;Sbf klg 5fgaLg gug{'
lgGbgLo ePsf] atfOg\ . j]kQf ePsf
clvn qmlGtsf/Lsf ;lrjfno ;b:o
ljlkg e08f/Lsf a' a f Ps/fh
e08f/Ln] d]/f h:tf xhf/f}F 5f]/fx?
a]kQf kfl/P ;lxb eP t/ cfh
tTsfnLg dfcf]jfbL g]tfx? pgL?sf]
;Ddfg ug{e' Gbf Aofh vfP/ /dfO/x]sf]
k|lt b'Mlvt ePsf] atfP .
To;} u /L PsLs[ t g] s kf dfcf]jfbL_sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o b]a]Gb|
k/fh'nLn] clxn] klg ;/sf/ /
;Qfdf tTsflng /fhfn] ;~rfng
u/]sf] h:t} kZrufdL zlQm /x]sf]
atfpFb} eg] of] !^ a'bF ] ;xdlt klg
afWofTds xf] .
sfo{qmddf g]kfnL sfFu;
]| sf o'jf
g]tf dgf]hd/l0f cfrfo{n] hgo'4n]
p7fg\ u/]sf w]/} d'2fx? cu|ufdL
/x]sf] / g]kfnL sfFu;
]| sf o'jfg]tfx?sf]
klg sltko laifodf ;xdlt /x]sf]
hgfpFb} pgn] eg] clxn]sf] ;dodf
xfdL o'jfx? vf; :yfgdf k'lug;s]sf]
/ cfufdL lbgx?df ;fy lbG5f}F t/
!^ aF'b] la?4 ghfg cfu|x ub{5f}F .
ljKnj lgs6 dfcf]jfbLsf e|ft[ ;+u7g
clvn qmflGtsf/Lsf cWoIf z/b
/;fOnL ;lxb / j]kQfx?sf nf; of
s+sfn e]6] klg ge]6] klg pgLx?n]
b]vfPsf] af6f] / p2]Zo eg] kSs}
e]6g\ ] k|lta4tf hgfP .
To;}u/L Pdfcf]jfbL lgs6 clvn
qmlGtsf/Lsf cWoIf /d]z dNnn]
cfgf kf6L{ cWoIf k|r08n] ;xdlt
hgfPsf] !^ a'Fb] ;xdltk|lt cfklQ
hgfpFb} eg] k|r08n] hgo'4sf] l:k|6
lj?4 ;xdlt hgfpg' eP klg xfdL
cfddfcf] j fbL o' j fx?sf] uDeL/
c;xdlt 5 . a}B lgs6 clvn
qmflGtsf/Lsf cWoIf ;'/]z uf}tdn]
eg] dfcf]jfbL d"No dfGotf cfbz{nfO{
g]tf sfo{stf{x?n] e'Nb} hfFbfsf]
kl/0ffd xf] ;+;bjfbLsf] afx'Notf .

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