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Arriba
Capitulo 43: Insercindecatterescortosvenosos
Capitulo43
Capitulo44 $XWRUHV
Capitulo45
JordiTorralbasOrtega
Capitulo46
&RUUHRjorditorralbas@hotmail.com
Capitulo47
7LWXODFLyQDFDGpPLFD'LSORPDGRHQ(QIHUPHUtD
Capitulo48
Capitulo49
&HQWURGH7UDEDMRCPT.HospitaldeSabadell.Barcelona.Espaa
Captulo50
CarmeAlbertMallafr
Capitulo51
&RUUHRcalbert@cspt.es
Capitulo52
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&HQWURGH7UDEDMRCPT.HospitaldeSabadell.Barcelona.Espaa
FranciscaMolinaPacheco
&RUUHRpaquitades@hotmail.com
7LWXODFLyQDFDGpPLFD'LSORPDGDHQ(QIHUPHUtD
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Lautilizacindecatteresperifricossiguesiendounclaroreferenteparalaadministracindefrmacososueroterapiaenpediatra
enlamayoradeprocesospatolgicosaquenosenfrentamos.Dostiposdecattersonlosmsutilizados:palomitaycattercorto,
realizados con distintos materiales y con distintas tcnicas de insercin y fijacin, pero que precisan de cuidados de Enfermera
similares para su mantenimiento y control. En este captulo se describirn las principales indicaciones y complicaciones de estos
procedimientos,ascomolatcnicadeinstauracinymanipulacindelosaccesosvenososperifricos.

Insercin de catteres cortos venosos

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en Gauges (G) cuyo valor es inversamente equivalente al grosor de la aguja y a su longitud. Los ms utilizados en
pediatrasuelenserdel18al26G.(imagen1:cnulas)

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con una ligera traccin de estos dedos y puncionamos la piel con el bisel de la aguja hacia arriba o hacia el lado
(algunosautoresaseguranqueesmenosdolorosa),conunngulode1030hastallegaralavena,encuyomomento
refluir sangre por el mandril del catter corto o por la tubuladura de la palomita, introduciendo de medio a un
centmetroelsistemadevenoclisis.Enelcattercortoretiraremoslentamenteelfiadorintroduciendoalmismotiempo
el catter plstico hasta dejarlo en la posicin deseada. El mandril ser desechado en el contenedor de material
punzante. En la palomita (imagen 3: insercin palomita), intentaremos introducir al mximo la cnula metlica para
mejorfijacindelsistema.

,magen3:insercinpalomita
Una vez canalizada la vena, se retira el torniquete. En el catter corto podemos extraer el fiador completamente

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