Drug Data

Generic Name
Ranitidine
Trade Name
Apo-Ranitidine,
DomRanitidine,
Gen-Ranitidine,
NovoRanitidine, NuRanitidine,
PHL-Ranitidine,
PMSRanitidine,
RatioRanitidine,
Riva-Ranitidine,
Zantac, Zantac
75, Zantac 150
Patients Dose
35 mg IVTT q
12hours
Minimum Dose
PO (Adults):
150 mg/day
PO (Children 1
mo-16 yr):
600mg/day
PO
(Neonates): 2
mg/kg/day in 2
divided doses.
IV, IM (Adults):
200mg/day
IV, IM
(Children 1
mo-16 yr):
200 mg/day
IV (Neonates):
1.5mg/kg/day
divided every

Classificatio
n
Therapeutic:
Antiulcer
agents
Pharmacolo
gic
Hitamine H2
Antagonists
Pregnancy
Category
B

Mechanism of
Action
Inhibits the action
of histamine at the
H2-receptor
site located
primarily in gastric
parietal cells,
resulting in
inhibition of gastric
acidsecretion.
Pharmacokinetic
s
A: 50% absorbed
after PO
andIMadministrati
on.
D: Enter breast
milk and
cerebrospinal
fluid.
M&E: Metabolized
by the liver, mostly
on first pass; 30%
excreted
unchanged by the
kidneys after PO
administration,
70% after
parenteral
administration.
Onset
PO: Unknown
IM: Unknown
IV:Unknown
Peak
PO: 1-3hr
IM:15min
IV: 15min
Duration
PO: 8-12hr
IM: 8-12hr
IV: 8-12hr

Indication

Contraindications

General Indications
Short-term treatment
of active duodenal of
benign gastric ulcers;
maintenance
treatment of
duodenal or gastric
ulcers; GER; Erosive
esophagitis, Gastric
hypersecretory
conditions

Hypersensitivity;
Some
products contain
alcohol and should be
avoidedin patients
with known
intolerance; Some
productscontain
aspartame and should
be avoided inpatients
with phenylketonuria.

Unlabeled Use:
Management of GI
symptoms associated
with the use of
NSAIDs. Prevention
of
acid inactivation of
supplemental
pancreatic enzymes
in patients with
pancreatic
insufficiency.
Management of
urticaria.

Precaution
Renal impairment
(more
susceptible to adverse
CNS reactions);Geri
(More susceptible to
adverse CNS
reactions); decreased
doserecommended;
pregnancy, lactation

Patients Actual
Indication
For management of
erosive esophagitis
caused by increased
vomiting due to wild
berry poisoning

Drug interaction
drug to drug
Ranitidne may
decrease absorption
of ketoconazole,
itraconazole,
atazanavir,
delavirdine, and
geftinib.
Ranitidine may
decrease absorption
of triazolam,
midazolam, and
glipizide.
Ranitidinemay
decrease
procainamidelevels
andmay decrease

Adverse Reaction
CNS:
Confusion, dizziness,
drowsiness,
hallucinations,
headache
CV:
ARRHYTHMIAS
GI:
Constipation, diarrhea,
nausea
GU:
Low sperm count
Endo:
Gynecomastia
Hemat:
AGRANULOCYTOSIS
, APLASTIC ANEMIA,
anemia,
neutropenia,thromboc
ytopenia.
Local:
Pain at IM site
Misc:
Hypersensivity
reactions, vasculitis

Nursing
Responsibilities
Before
1. Assess patient
for epigastric
or abdominal
pain and frank
or occult blood
in the stool,
emesis, or
gastric
aspirate.
2. Know that it
may cause
false-positive
results for
urine protein;
test with
sulfosalicylic
acid.
3. Check the
doctors order
4. Review rights
in drug
administration
5. Monitor
patients status
and vital signs
During
1. Verify clients
identity
2. Inform Client
about purpose
of the drug
3. Give right
dose at right
ordered time
4. Administer
over at least 5
minutes as
rapid
administration
may cause
hypotension

12 hr
Maximum
Dose
PO (Adults):
6g/day
PO (Children 1
mo-16 yr):
600mg/day
PO
(Neonates): 2
mg/kg/day in 2
divided doses.
IV, IM (Adults):
200mg/day
IV, IM
(Children 1
mo-16 yr):
200 mg/day
IV (Neonates):
2mg/kg/day
dividedevery
12 hr
Contents
Ranitidine
Availability
and color
Tablet, Solution
for injection
Routes of
administration
IV,PO,IM

Drug Half Life

2-2.5hr

the effects of warfarin.

and
arrhythmias
5. Assess IV site
frequenty;
diazepam
causes
phlebitis and
venous
thrombosis
6. Monitor vital
Signs
After
1. Instruct patient
to take
medication as
directed for the
full course of
therapy, even
if feeling
better.
2. Inform patient
that it may
cause
drowsiness or
dizziness.
3. Inform patient
that increased
fluid and fiber
intake may
minimize
constipation.
4. Advise patient
to report onset
of black, tarry
stools; fever,
sore throat;
diarrhea;
dizziness;
rash;
confusion; or
hallucinations
to health car
professional
promptly.

5. Inform patient
that
medication
may
temporarily
cause stools
and tongue to
appear gray
black.

Source:

Deglin, J. et. Al. 2009. Daviss Drug Guide for Nurses. 12th ed. F.A. Davis. pp 660-666