4.

Differentiate Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) from Digital Light

Processing. Give their advantages and disadvantages.
LCD projectors project light onto mirrors which split it up into its 3 primary colours:
red, green and blue. The colours then pass through three separate glass panels
(actually prisms), which is why this technology is referred to as 3LCD. When light is
projected through the LCD panels, individual pixels are opened or closed to allow
light through or block it. The separate colours are then converged using another
prism and projected on to the screen.
What are the advantages of LCD Projectors?
LCD projectors have historically had three main advantages over DLP projectors.
More accurate colours
DLP projectors often have a clear section in their colour wheel which boosts
brightness but reduces colour saturation. LCD projectors do not have a colour
wheel.
Sharper image
LCD projectors have a slightly sharper image than DLP projectors at equal
resolutions. This can actually be a drawback which we will come to below.
More light-efficient
This means that the same wattage lamp in an LCD and DLP would produce a
brighter image in the LCD.
The disadvantages of LCD Projectors
The historical disadvantages of LCD are more relevant to video than data
applications.
Screen door effect
The sharper image produced by LCD projectors can actually be a
disadvantage, since the more precise focusing makes the pixilation (chicken
wiring or screen door effect) of an image more obvious.
Contrast
LCD contrast may not be as good compared to DLP, meaning that LCDs
cannot produce completely black images. Both of the above are less of a
problem with newer, higher resolution 3LCD models.
Portability
LCD projectors have more parts and so are bulkier and less portable than
DLPs.
Image degradation
More parts means more parts which can go wrong. LCD panels can
experience long term image degradation where colour balance shifts and
overall contrast is reduced. LCD panels can be expensive to replace.
Dead pixels
Dead pixles can become a problem in LCD projectors, where one or more
pixels turn permanently on or off. With one pixel, the effect is hardly
noticeable, but it can become an annoyance if this happens in clusters of
pixels.
Digital Light Processing is a proprietary system developed by Texas Instruments,
and works differently to LCD projection. Most DLP projectors have a single chip
instead of glass panels through which light is passed, and this chip has a reflective

surface composed of thousands of tiny mirrors which correspond to individual pixels.

These mirrors can move back and forth when light is beamed onto the chip to direct
the light from individual pixels either towards the projector lens or away from it. In
order to define colours, DLP projectors have a colour wheel that consists of red,
green and blue filters. This wheel spins between the light source and the DLP chip
and alternates the colour of the light hitting the chip between red, green and blue.
The mirrors tilt away from or into the lens path depending on how much of each
colour is required for each pixel at any given moment.
What are the advantages of DLP?
DLP projectors are a favourite amongst road warriors and home theatre enthusiasts
for several reasons:
Portability
DLP projectors tend to be smaller and easier to transport since they have one
chip compared to the LCDs 3 panels.
Higher Contrast
The deep blacks achievable with DLP projectors make them very popular for
home cinema applications.
Reduced Pixilation
This is especially noticeable in comparisons of lower-end LCD and DLPs, and
makes DLP a popular choice for smooth video applications.
Reliability
DLPs tend to fail less often due to fewer parts and are less expensive to
repair. DLP projectors have sealed optics, making them ideal for use in dusty
environments.
The disadvantages of DLP Technology
The Rainbow effect
When looking away from the projected image of a DLP projector to an offscreen object, or when looking quickly from one side of the screen to the
other, you may experience a rainbow effect a momentary flash of
rainbow-coloured stripes around brighter objects. This is typically only a
problem in older DLP projectors without modern, faster 6-colour wheels.
Light leakage
Some people may also experience light leakage from their DLP projector in
the form of a grey band around the outside of the image. This is caused by
stray light reflecting off the edges of the mirrors on the DLP chip. This can be
avoided by installing black borders around the screen. Again, light leakage is
generally only a problem in older DLP projectors.

13. Dramatization in class is very effective now a days. Lists all the
forms of drama and describe each.
COMEDY - A comedy makes us laugh when the play is well-composed with the
humorous elements. The story is usually based on real-life characters, funny
experiences in life, or any type of fun-provoking situation.
FARCE - it is a comic dramatic piece that uses highly improbable situations,
stereotyped characters, extravagant exaggeration, and violent horseplay. Farce,

although a sub-category of comedy, is intellectually inferior to comedy because the

plots and the characters are substantially crude, ambiguous, and unimaginative.
TRAGEDY - It is one of the oldest forms of drama. It exposes the plight and
suffering of humans to the audience.
MELODRAMA - Melodrama is exaggeration of emotions. It's marked by a surge of
emotions, which is a technique to make the character and the plot more appealing
to the audience. A melodrama can sometimes fail to derive applause, because
excessive display of emotions can become sheer monotonous. On the contrary, a
superbly executed melodramatic plot can absorb you completely.
FANTASY - It is a complete fictional work where characters virtually display
supernatural skills. It is more appealing to children as fairies, angels, superheroes,
etc., are embedded in the plot. Use of magic, pseudo-science, horror, and spooky
themes through various kinds of technical devices create a perfect world of fantasy.
The modern version of drama incorporates a great deal of special effects.
MUSICAL - Music, melody, and dance play a significant role in a musical drama.
Here, the story is conveyed through music and dance along with dialogues and
acting. The music should be in sync with the actions, and the performer often uses
dance as a means of self-expression. The stage may be equipped with an orchestra,
well-rehearsed with the plot and the use of music. Musical drama became popular
as opera, which is still considered to be intensely sensuous.

15. What is simulation? How it is different from dramatized

experiences?

Answer:
Simulation is an acting out or mimicking an actual or probable real life condition,
event, or situation to find a cause of a past occurrence (such as an accident), or to
forecast future effects (outcomes) of assumed circumstances or factors. It is
different from Dramatized Experiences because dramatized experiences can be
very useful and can be applied by any one especially Plays which depicts life,
character or culture or a combination of all three and a very good opportunities to
portray one's life. The other dramatized experiences are Pageant which are dramas
usually based on history, Tableau- is a picture-like scene composed of people
against a background, Puppets - are usually figures that are used to make up a story
telling activities and Role Playing is a spontaneous dramatization of a situation.