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PlaytatiousGossett

SkeletalSystemLabReport
Bonesgivesyourbodystructure.Eversinceyouwasababyyouhadbonesandtheygrew
strongerandbiggerasyougrewup.Ababybodyhaveabout300bonesandonetheygrowup
theywillenduphaving206bones.Theoutsidelayerofyourbonesiscalled,periosteum.The
periosteumcontainsbloodvesselsandnervesandhelpssustainthebones.Thecompactboneis
thenextlayeritisverysmoothandhard.Thecancellouslayerisnextitisnotashardasthe
compactbonebutitisverystronganditlookslikeasponge.Thefemurisknownasthethigh
bone.Theacquiresfromthelatinwordferowhichmeanstobearandfertuswhichmeanstobe
born.Thefemurisalongbone,itisthelongestboneintheentirebody.Itisalsothestrongest
bonethatyouneedforathleticpurposes.Italsoformsthekneebonewiththetibia.Thetibiaisa
latinwordknownastheshinbone.Thetibiaisthesecondlargestboneofthelowestlegbones.
Thetibiaisalsoalongbone.Itcarriesaportionoftheweightofthebody.Ithelpswiththe
femurwiththekneeandhelpingitbend.Itisalsoconnectedtothefibulabonethefibulais
thinnerandsmallerthanthetibiabone.Thetwoofthemhelpconnectthekneeandankle.The
patellaisthekneebone.Thepatellaisrightinfrontofthekneejoint.Thepatellaistheknotty
partinyourknees.MostpeopletoretheirACLwhichisveryclosetothepatella.Drinkingaton
ofsodacanhurtyourACL.

femurefigure1

Tibiafigure2

patellafigure3

Figure1

Figure2

Figure3

ImagesbyPlaytatiousGossett

Bonematrixiscomposedofcollagen.Cellsaresurroundedbymatrix.Youhave50%mineral
salt,25%water,and25%protein.Thenormalbonehomeostasisisdifferentfromthebone
homeostasisbecauseithasalittlebendtoitandthebonehomeostasishavenobendatallandis
alldriedout.Normalbonehomeostasisisbasicallyboneremodeling.Therearefourbonedisease
thatarehomeostaticimbalancesandtheyareosteomalaciaandthatisforadults,ricketsfor
children,osteoporosis,andPagetsDisease.Inyourbodytheyareatleastacouplebonesthat
havetwobonesputtogethertohaveanotherbonebend.


ImagebyMireyaGonzales(Figureonethereisacookedbone,arawbone,andabonesoakedin
vinegar.
BoneMatrixObservation(Figure2)

Normal

VinegarSoaked

CookedBone

CollagenMatrix

Present

Present

NotPresent

MineralSalt

Present

NotPresent

Present

DiseaseDissection

Characteristics

Itsredandrawstill
havebloodonithave
alittlebitofbendin
itmoist

Itsyellow,lookslike
itsbeenboiledno
bloodonitflexiable
andbendable

Itsdarkernobloodis
fullycookedhaveno
bendatalldriedout

Theresearchtalksaboutthebonestructureandhowtheprocessis.Italsotalksabouthowthe
tissueforms.Asinglemacromoleculecancreatedifferentworkingstructureswhen
selftemplatedunderdistinctconditions.TheyusedaM13phageastheirmodelsystem
becauseithassimilarcollagenstructuralattributeswithgeneticflexibility.

Theywereableto
producenewbiologicallyevokedhierarchicalstructures.Theyresearchwassuccessful.

Figure1(Theschrimaticprocess)
Imageby
http://leelab.berkeley.edu/research.php

Themysterywomanfoundinleadcoffin,theyfoundoutshewasawomanbasedonherbones.
Medicalpeoplecanfigureoutwhatapersonitisbasedontheirbones.Youcantellifitisa
child,man,orwomanbasedonthebones.Achildbonesisshort,awomanboneandmalebones
isdifferentinawaybutitisdifferentenoughforyoutoknowthedifferencebetweenthem.
Basedonhowlittleherbonesweretheyknewshewasonadiet.Theyknewwhoevertiedherup
knewhowtotakecareofthebones.

Citation
https://www.nlm.nih.gov/visibleproofs/galleries/cases/index.html
http://anthropology.si.edu/writteninbone/forensic_files.html
http://anthropology.si.edu/writteninbone/bone_basics.html
http://leelab.berkeley.edu/index.php
http://www.lab.anhb.uwa.edu.au/mb140/corepages/bone/bone.htm
http://teachhealthk12.uthscsa.edu/sites/teachhealthk12/files/activity/downloads/Bones%20Stu
dent%20Name%20Activity%202C.pdf
http://teachhealthk12.uthscsa.edu/sites/teachhealthk12/files/activity/downloads/Bones%20Tea
cher%20Name%20Cards%202C.pdf

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