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INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON

SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND MAGNETISM


25-30 April 2010, Antalya, TURKEY
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Abstract Book
INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON
SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND MAGNETISM
ICSM-2010
25-30 APRIL 2010
Antalya, TURKEY

25 April 2010

Dear Colleagues,

I am very pleased to extend you all a very warm welcome to ICSM-2010 on behalf of Local Steering
Committee for the conference. It is particularly pleasing to see participation of so many overseas
colleagues as session chairs, invited speakers and participants. We are very grateful to you for your
contributions and support. We should also like to thank our sponsors for their generous contributions
and the exhibitors for their valuable role in this conference.

The organizers have put together and pushed very hard for very exciting scientific and social
programmes for our conference guests and I am very grateful to them for all their hard work. We
believe that the conference provides a forum where all matters of interest to the community of
Superconductivity and Magnetism can be debated. We also thank Professors Vladimir Kresin and
Annette Bussmann-Holder for their generous contributions from the editorial board of Journal of
Superconductivity and Novel Magnetism to publish the proceedings as a special issue. The committees
for the conference are listed on our web site- please do contact us or Dr. Ali Bozbey with any query
during the conference. This year conference is also jointly held with Spring School and Educational
Courses (SSEC-2010) between 20-25 April, 2010 at the same venue to give young talents an
opportunity to advance their knowledge and skills with the help of world experts on Superconductivity
and Magnetism.

Thank you again for your participation. We wish you all a successful and enjoyable conference and a
very happy visit to Antalya, one of the most beautiful and attractive parts of Turkey.
Yours Sincerely,

Prof. Dr. Ali GENCER


On Behalf of Organising Committee
for ICSM-2010- Conference Director
INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON
SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND MAGNETISM
ICSM-2010
25-30 APRIL 2010
Antalya, TURKEY

25 April 2010

Dear Guests,

On behalf of Ankara University I am very pleased to extend you a very warm welcome to ICSM to be
held in Antalya between 25-30 April 2010. This conference has been very successful and growing in
popularity over the last years and we hope that our conference will be equally enjoyable and rewarding
for you. The feature of this conference is the special sessions placed in each day together with 8
parallel sessions in the halls in addition to plenary sessions.

We are very grateful to conference organizers who have arranged such a varied and interesting
programme. Professor Ali Gencer and his colleagues in the local steering committee have done so
much to make this conference run smoothly with a very high level of participation from many
countries. The conference committees are listed in the following pages:

Please do contact Prof. Dr. Ali Gencer or Dr. Ali Bozbey with any query.

We wish you a successful conference and an enjoyable visit to Antalya!

Yours Sincerely

Prof. Dr. Cemal TALUĞ


Rector of Ankara University
GENERAL INFORMATION

CAR PARKING

Delegates staying at Porto Bello Hotel are urged to park their cars in the Car Park of the Hotel where
there is a private car park for hotel guests. Parking on the other places is severely limited and without any
parking permits, cars are likely to be towed away.

REGISTRATION DESK OPENING TIMES

The ICSM2010 Conference Registration desk will be open at the following times:

DAY OPEN BETWEEN LOCATION

Sunday 25th April 14:00-23:00 Porto Bello Hotel-Lobby

Monday 26th April 08:00-18:00 Porto Bello Hotel-Lobby

Tuesday 27th April 08:00-18:00 Porto Bello Hotel-Lobby

Wednesday 28th April 08:00-13:00 Porto Bello Hotel-Lobby

Thursday 29th April 08:00-13:00 Porto Bello Hotel-Lobby

MESSAGES AND MAIL FOR DELEGATES

A message board for delegates will be situated in the Lobby of Porto Bello Hotel. Mail for delegates
should be addressed to:

Name of the delegate clearly marked.

c/o International Conference on Superconductivity & Magnetism(ICSM2010)

25-30 April 2010

Porto Bello Hotel Resort & SPA,

Akdeniz Bulvarı,6. Sokak, Konyaaltı/Antalya

TÜRKİYE

Contact details:

Telephone :+90-242-259 40 41 (30 Lines)

Fax :+90-242- 259 24 47

e-mail: info@portobello.com.tr
BREAKFAST AND MEAL TIMES

07:00- 10:00, Breakfast

10:00-11:00- Late Breakfast

12:30-14:00- Lunch

19:00- 21:00- Dinner


CONFERENCE VENUE LOCATION
EXHIBITORS / SPONSORS
The ICSM2010 Conference has received very genereous Sponsorship from the following
organizations in the form of exhibitor packages:

COMPANY NAME LOCATION (FOYER)


TUBITAK (MAIN SPONSOR)

ANKARA UNIVERSITY

ANTALYA GREATER CITY MUNICIPALITY

AMERICAN MAGNETICS

ATTOCUBE

BIOSTAR

CRYOGENIC LTD

CRYOZONE

CS ANALITIK

GLOBAL

IMTEK

LOT

NANOMAGNETICS

OXFORD INSTRUMENTS

QUANTUM DESIGN

STIRLING CRYOGENICS, INC.

TEKNIS

THEVA

The Conference Organising Committee expresses its very sincere thanks for their support.

EXHIBITION OPENING TIMES:

MONDAY 26 APRIL 08:30 – 20:00


TUESDAY 27 APRIL 08:30 – 20:00
WEDNESDAY 28 APRIL 08:30 – 14:00
THURSDAY 29 APRIL 08:30 – 20:00
EXHIBITION& POSTER AREA FLOOR PLAN
FLOOR PLAN OF LECTURE HALLS & FOYER FOR POSTER SESSIONS &
EXHIBITIONS
SPECIAL EVENTS:

SUNDAY 25 APRIL

You are kindly invited to attend the welcome reception with cultural presentations.
Conference Directors & Organising Committee will kindly host a Welcome Reception for
delegates which will take place at Porto Bello Hotel on Sunday, 25 April 2010, between
20.00-22.00. This will provide delegates with the opportunity of meeting one another before
the scientific program begins the following day.

MONDAY 26 APRIL

You are kindly invited to attend the live music and entertainment on Monday, 26 April 2010,
between 20:00-22:00

TUESDAY 27 APRIL

You are kindly invited to attend the Turkish Night with the Turkish Folk (Traditional, Public)
Music Concert on Tuesday, 27 April 2010, between 20:00-23:00

WEDNESDAY 28 APRIL

You are kindly invited to attend the excursion of the conference all afternoon of 28 April
Wednesday: 1) visit to minicity between 14:00-16:00, 2) 16:00- 19:00 Boat Tour with live
entertainment.

THURSDAY 29 APRIL

You are kindly invited to attend the Conference Dinner given by conference organization, on
Thursday, 29 April 2010, between 20:00-24:00. Location will be announced later depending
on weather conditions.
INTERNATIONAL
CONFERENCE
ON SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
AND MAGNETISM
(ICSM 2010 )

25-30 April 2010

Scientific Programme

SCHEDULE FOR PRESENTATIONS

ANTALYA - TURKEY
ICSM2010

TECHNICAL SCIENTIFIC PROGRAMME

Requirements for Presentations


Oral Presentations:

* Presentation time for plenary lectures is 40+5=45


minutes, for invited speakers is 25+5=30 minutes or
15+5=20 minutes depending on the session template.
Presentation time for oral presentations is 15+5= 20
minutes.

* PC projectors will be available for all oral presentations.

* Presentation must be virus-checked first and up-loaded


on pc before talk by using CD or usb memory. (Internet
will not be available at the presentation PCs due to
security reasons.)

* MS Windows and MS Office 2007 will be available at all


the presentation PCs.

Poster Presentations:

* For poster presentations, a poster size should not


exceed 95 cm wide and 150 cm height.
Abstract Code Legend:

X1 - X2 - No

X1:
S: Superconductivity
M: Magnetism
SM: Superconductivity and
Magnetism
LSA: Large Scale Applications
ELA: Electronics Aplications
LS: Late Submission

X2:
I: Invited
O: Oral
P: Poster
I-PLENARY SESSIONS

PAMFILYA 1 & 2 26 April, Monday


Abs.
Time Presenter Presentation Title
Code

08:45 OPENING ADDRESSES BY THE ORGANIZATION


09:15 COMMITTEE
PLENARY TALKS
Superconducting state of metallic
clusters: Potential for room
09:15 Vladimir PLN
temperature superconductivity,
10:00 Kresin novel nano-based tunneling 004
networks
10:00 Paul Intermetallic superconductivity in PLN
10:45 Canfield the post copper-oxide age 002
A New Paradigm for Exchange Bias
11:00 Kevin in Polycrystalline Films (IEEE PLN
11:45 O'Grady Magnetics Society distinguished 007
lecture)
The fundamentals of
11:45 Archie PLN
electromagnetism in ferromagnets
12:30 Campbell and superconductors 001

PAMFILYA 1 27 April, Tuesday


08:30 Victor V. PLN
Type-1.5 Superconductivity
09:15 Moshchalkov 006
PAMFILYA 1 28 April, Wednesday
Spin torque switching and dielectric
08:30 Guenter PLN
breakdown in MgO based Tunnel
09:15 Reiss Junctions 008

PAMFILYA 1 29 April, Thursday


08:30 Ruslan Experimental Studies of the PLN
09:15 Prozorov Superconducting Gap Structure 005
PAMFILYA 1 30 April, Friday
10:15 Akira Recent Progress in Single Flux PLN
11:00 Fujimaki Quantum Integrated Circuits 003
11:00 Lenar PLN
Superconducting triplet spin valves
11:45 Tagirov 009
II-ORAL PRESENTATIONS
PAMFILYA-1 : Iron-based Superconductors:Fundamental Properties
and Mechanisms- I (Chair: Ruslan Prozorov) 26 April-MONDAY
Abs.
TIME P. Author Presentation Title
Code
13:50 RUSLAN
PROZOROV
SESSION INTRODUCTION
14:00

14:00 ANDREY Interplay between magnetism and S-I


14:30 CHUBUKOV superconductivity in Fe-pnictides 024
Anisotropy of the normal and
14:30 MAKARIY superconducting states of iron S-I
15:00 TANATAR pnictides: Charge and heat transport 019
measurements
Multigap superconductivity evidenced
by the point contact Andreev
15:00 S-O
P. SAMUELY Reflection Spectroscopy. The cases of
15:20 048
magnesium diboride and iron
pnictides
Predictions of multiband strong-
15:20 G. A. coupling Eliashberg theory compared S-O
15:40 UMMARINO with experimental Andrev reflection 040
data in iron pnictides

15:40 - 16:00 COFFEE BREAK

ANTONY Normal state electronic structure of S-I


16:00 CARRINGTON iron-pnictides investigated by the de 016
16:30
Hass-van Alphen Effect
16:30 Optical Investigation of the Charge S-O
L. DEGIORGI
16:50 Dynamics in Ba(CoxFe1-x)2As2 046
Global and granular critical currents of
16:50 VADIM A. S-O
GRINENKO
LaO0.9F0.1FeAs and LaO0.9F0.1FeAs1-
17:10 058
δ
New challenging negative-U centers
17:10 A. I. S-O
KAPUSTIN
approach to transport properties
17:30 037
problem of High-Tc cuprates

17:30 ATHENA S. Synthesis and Doping of Parents of Fe- S-O


17:50 SEFAT Superconductors 111

17:50
18:10
PAMFILYA-2 : Magnetization Dynamics and Resonance
(Chair: Bekir Aktaş) 26 April-MONDAY
Abs.
TIME P. Author Presentation Title
Code
13:50
BEKİR AKTAŞ SESSION INTRODUCTION
14:00

14:00 Magnetic Properties of Exchange LS


BEKİR AKTAŞ
14:30 Coupled Py/Cr/Py trilayer films 004

Precise probing spin wave dynamics in


14:30 FARKHAD G. circular magnetic dots: influence of M-I
15:00 ALIEV dots aspect ratio, magnetic field and 041
direction of microwave field pumping
Imaging and manipulation of magnetic
15:00 JOSE M. DE domain walls in cobalt nanowires and M-O
15:20 TERESA nanoconstrictions grown by focused- 047
electron-beam-induced deposition
ABDULLAH Magnetic properties and Gilbert
15:20 M-O
NURETTIN damping constant study of Co2MnAl1-
15:40 KOCBAY 023
xSnx Heusler Alloy thin films

15:40 - 16:00 COFFEE BREAK

16:00 BULAT Z. Magnetic resonance studies of thin M-O


16:30 RAMEEV films for spintronic applications 081
16:30
16:50

16:50 MASAHIKO Magnetic Properties of Ru-rich Ru2- M-O


17:10 HIROI xFexCrZ (Z= Si, Ge) 043
Anisotropic ferromagnetism in Fe-
17:10 SUMEYRA M-O
GULER
implanted TiO2 rutile single crystals
17:30 101

17:30 YUKSEL Superparamagnetic resonance studies M-O


17:50 KOSEOGLU on ZnFe2O4 nanoparticles 058
Temperature evaluation of
17:50 ANDREI A. incommensurate magnetic structure in M-O
18:10 GIPPIUS quantum spin-chain compound 041
LiCu2O2 as monitored by NMR
PAMFILYA-3 : Stongly Correlated Electrons and Systems
(Chair: Tuson Park) 26 April-MONDAY
Abs.
TIME P. Author Presentation Title
Code
13:50 TUSON
PARK
SESSION INTRODUCTION
14:00
Field-induced quantum critical point
14:00 TUSON SM-I
PARK
and unconventional superconductivity
14:30 004
in CeRhIn5
NMR study of magnetically-ordered
14:30 KEN-ICHI S-O
KUMAGAI
state and spatially-modulated
15:00 033
superconducting gap in CeCoIn5
Quantum oscillations reveal the role of
15:00 AMALIA S-O
COLDEA
structure and Fe in ternary iron and
15:20 081
ruthenium pnictides

The effects of 5f localization on the


15:20 AMINOLLAH M-O
VAEZ
structural, electronic and magnetic
15:40 104
properties of UFe2 and PuFe2

15:40 - 16:00 COFFEE BREAK

Reentrant superconductivity and the


16:00 S-I
DAI AOKI field-induced magnetic instability in
16:30 015
ferromagnetic superconductors

16:30 ZAHRA The effects of 5f localization on M-O


16:50 NOURBAKHSH magnetic properties of UAl3 111

Effect of f electron excitations in heavy


16:50 PETER S-O
THALMEIER
fermion and unconventional
17:10 035
superconductors

17:10 POORAN Coexistence of superconductivity and S-O


17:30 SINGH ferromagnetism 036
OLYMPOS : Superconductivity and Magnetism in Perovskite Oxides
(Chair: Chang Uk Jung) 26 April-MONDAY
Abs.
TIME P. Author Presentation Title
Code
13:50 CHANG UK
JUNG
SESSION INTRODUCTION
14:00
Simultaneous r-space and k-space
14:00 JIN HO LS
LEE
probing of emergent phenomena in
14:30 002
oxides and pnictides using STM
Misfit strain accommodation in
14:30 ARTURAS M-I
VAILIONIS
epitaxial ABO3 perovskites: Lattice
15:00 031
distortions and lattice modulations

15:00 CHANG UK The relation between magnetism and M-I


15:20 JUNG Structure in SrRuO3 thin film 033

Crystal and electronic structures and


15:20 ALEKSANDR magnetic properties of the unique M-O
15:40 KURBAKOV colossal magnetoresistive Sm1- 002
xSrxMnO3 manganites

15:40 - 16:00 COFFEE BREAK

Charge-mediated magnetoelectric
16:00 CARLOS M-I
VAZ
coupling in all-oxide multiferroic
16:30 032
heterostructures
Magnetic and electronic structure in
16:30 YOUNG JUN M-I
CHANG
epitaxial ABO3 perovskite ultrathin
16:50 034
films

Mapping the phase diagram of the


16:50 STEFANO SM-I
GARIGLIO
LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interface using the
17:10 003
electric field effect

Long range odd triplet order


17:10 BOAZ M-O
ALMOG
parameter with equal spin pairing in
17:30 112
diffusive Co/In contacts

17:30 MAJA Structure and electric transport in M-O


17:50 DLOUHA LaCo2/3Cu1/3O3 114

Coherent states of charge carriers on


17:50 LJUDMILA SM-O
two-dimensional system of magnetic
18:10 SHCHUROVA 007
ions
TERMESSOS : Superconductivity Theory
(Chair: Vladimir Kresin) 26 April-MONDAY
Abs.
TIME P. Author Presentation Title
Code
13:50 VLADIMIR
KRESIN
SESSION INTRODUCTION
14:00
LS
14:00 RAJEEV Superconductivity in transition metals
AHUJA
003
14:30 and rare-earths trihydride: Theory
(INV)
Study of underdoped Y1-
14:30 ALESSIO xCaxBaCuO6+y: Hole pockets and S-O
15:00 FILIPPETTI chain formation described by First- 002
Principles band theory
Intercalation- and pressure- driven
15:00 AMINE S-O
SELLAM
stabilization of superconductivity In
15:20 003
1T-TaS2
Numerical analysis of bulk
15:20 superconductors magnetized by S-O
QUAN LI
15:40 thermally actuated periodical 025
magnetic waves

15:40 - 16:00 COFFEE BREAK

The pseudogap phase of ultracold


fermi atoms: Quantitative comparison
16:00 ANDREA S-O
PERALI
between theory and experiment and
16:30 014
connections with underdoped
cuprates
16:30 RANJAN Mechanism for superconducting S-O
16:50 CHAUDHURY pairing in layered systems 075
Comparison of the optically measured
vaporization energy by ultrafast laser
16:50 LJUPKA S-O
spectroscopy and the condensation
17:10 STOJCHEVSKA 100
energy determined from specific heat
measurements
High-Tc superconductivity mechanism
17:10 TAREK S-O
GUERFI
controlled by electric dipole
17:30 020
correlation and charge correlation
Influence of intra cell coupling and
17:30 inter cell resonant tunneling on the S-O
AJAY
17:50 electronic spectra in bilayer high Tc 118
cuprates
La2CuO4 properties predicted by
17:50 ALEJANDRO Hartree-Fock symmetry breaking S-O
18:10 CABO BIZET effects: Hints for clarifying the Mott- 001
Slater debate
ASPENDOS : Terahertz Emission and Josephson Junctions
(Chair: Lütfi Özyüzer) 26 April-MONDAY
Abs.
TIME P. Author Presentation Title
Code
13:50 LÜTFİ
ÖZYÜZER
SESSION INTRODUCTION
14:00

14:00 PAUL Tuning superconductivity by carrier ELA-I


14:30 MULLER injection 007

Intrinsic Josephson junctions:


Bridging the gap between
14:30 PAUL ELA-I
WARBURTON
underdamped and overdamped
15:00 006
Dynamics

Novel features of vortex motion in Bi-


15:00 KENSUKE ELA-I
NAKAJIMA
2212 intrinsic Josephson junctions
15:20 003
affected by resonance effects

15:20 NIELS THz radiation due to fluxon dynamics ELA-I


15:40 PEDERSEN in stacked Josephson junctions 005

15:40 - 16:00 COFFEE BREAK

The IcRn product in Intrinsic


16:00 JOHN ELA-I
ZASADZINSKI Josephson Junctions of
16:30 002
Bi2S2CaCu2O8+d Mesas
Frequency dependence of spectral
16:30 LÜTFİ ELA-I
ÖZYUZER
features in terahertz wave emitting
16:50 004
Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+d mesas
16:50 YASUHIRO Unusual Cooper pairs in ELA-I
17:10 ASANO superconducting proximity structures 001

17:10 GABRIEL Analytical Calculation of the Excess ELA-O


17:30 NIEBLER Current in the OTBK theory 012

Reactive ion etching of


17:30 HASAN superconducting Bi2212 using S-O
17:50 KÖSEOĞLU PRʹ /Ta/PR mask for the generation of 007
THz waves
Emission of THz waves from large
17:50 FULYA area mesas of superconducting S-O
18:10 TÜRKOĞLU Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ by spin polarized 006
tunneling
SIDE : Ferrites
(Chair: Muhammad Anis-Ur Rehman) 26 April-MONDAY
Abs.
TIME P. Author Presentation Title
Code
13:50 M. ANIS-UR-
REHMAN
SESSION INTRODUCTION
14:00

14:00 M. ANIS-UR- Synthesis and thermophysical studies M-I


14:30 REHMAN of nano ferrites 039

14:30 SUJEET Growth of Fe3O4 nanowires and films M-O


15:00 CHAUDHARY by electrochemical deposition 034

15:00 JORN INGE Striped ferrite garnet films as M-O


15:20 VESTGARDEN micromagnetic manipulators 067

X-ray absorption spectroscopy: A tool


15:20 GIULIANA M-I
AQUILANTI
for tailoring the properties of spinel
15:40 043
nanoferrites

15:40 - 16:00 COFFEE BREAK

16:00 U.BOVENSIE Ultrafast Magnetization Dynamics of M-I


16:30 PEN Lanthanide Surfaces 040

Effect of temperature on the


polycrystalline hard barium hexaferrite
16:30 SUBHASH M-O
C.KASHYAP
in a single mode (H-field) microwave
16:50 033
processing

16:50 KASHIF Exchange bias, memory and freezing M-O


17:10 NADEEM effects in NiFe2O4 nanoparticles 027
Magnetic and dielectric
17:10 HÜSEYİN characterization of alginic acid-Fe3O4 M-O
17:30 SÖZERİ nanocomposite 026

Preparation of magnetic field assisted


17:30 YAVUZ CoFe2O4 nanoparticle by wet M-O
17:50 ÖZTÜRK chemical route 035

Development of FeSiB/CoSiB bilayered


17:50 AMITAVA M-O
MITRA
Ribbons by Melt Spinning Technique
18:10 003
PAMFILYA-2 : Spintronics-I (Chair: Guenter Reiss) 27 April-TUESDAY
Abs.
TIME P. Author Presentation Title
Code
09:30 STUART M-I
Novel materials for spintronic applications
10:00 WOLF 027
10:00 CLAUDIA Heusler compounds: From spintronics via SM-I
10:30 FELSER thermoelectrics to new superconductors 001
OKSANA Photoreflectance study of the fundamental
10:30 M-O
YASTRUBCH optical properties of (Ga,Mn)As epitaxial
10:50 AK films 010
10:50 ANKIT Annealing effects on the antiphase M-O
11:10 KUMAR boundary in Fe3O4 thin films 098
11:10 11:20 COFFEE BREAK
Electrical control of room temperature
11:20 T. M-I
ferromagnetism in magnetic oxide
11:50 FUKUMARA 028
semiconductor
Manganese-doped CdGeAs2, ZnGeAs2 and
11:50 LUIDMILA M-O
ZnSiAs2 chalcopyrites: New advanced
12:10 KOROLEVA 099
materials for spintronics
12:10 S. C. Room temperature ferromagnetism in LS
12:30 KASHYAP doped oxide semiconductors 006
Structural, optical and magnetic
12:30 ABDUL M-O
MAJID
properties of Ce-GaN based diluted
12:50 102
magnetic semiconductor
12:50 14:00 LUNCH BREAK
Spintronics Cont. (Chair: Stuart Wolf )
Large magnetoresistance in half-metallic
14:00 KOKI Heusler alloy Co2MnSi-based current- M-I
14:30 TAKANASHI perpendicular-to-plane magnetoresistive 004
devices
14:30 NUMAN ZnO-based diluted magnetic M-I
14:50 AKDOĞAN semiconductors for spintronic applications 003
14:50 DANIELA Fe/MgO/Ge(001) heterostructures for spin M-O
15:10 PETTI dependent transport 117
15:10 SNEHAL Study of magnetic properties of granular ELA-O
15:30 JANI Heusler alloy (Fe2CrAl) thin film 007
Interplay btween interference and Coulomb
15:30 M-O
T. NOVOTNY interaction in the ferromagnetic Anderson
15:50 model with applied magnetic field 096
15:50 16:10 COFFEE BREAK
16:10 R.WIESEND Spin mapping and magnetometry on the M-I
16:40 ANGER atomic scale 009
16:40 TOMAS Band character of itinerant holes and M-I
17:00 JUNGWIRTH magneto-transport phenomena in GaMnAs 018
Transport and magnetism in GaMnAs layers:
17:00 IVAN COSTA The roles of the localized and the extended M-O
17:20 LIMA hole states in the metallic and the hopping 006
conduction channels
SQUID magnetometry investigations of Co
17:20 SIMON M-I
and Co+Cu doped electrodeposited ZnO
17:40 GRANVILLE 029
nanowires
17:40 Magnon lifetimes in 2D and 3D M-O
S. BAYRAKÇI
18:00 antiferromagnets 095
PAMFILYA-1 :Pnictides-2 (Chair: Ruslan Prozorov) 27 April-TUESDAY
Abs.
TIME P. Author Presentation Title
Code
09:30 KENJI NMR studies on iron-pnictide S-I
10:00 ISHIDA superconductors 018
Local enhancement of diamagnetic
10:00 BEENA S-I
KALISKY
susceptibility in pnictide
10:30 026
superconductors
10:30 Transport properties of iron pnictides: S-O
I.SEGA
10:50 A phenomenological theory 043
10:50 Magnetic and transport properties of S-O
Kh. A. ZIQ
11:10 FeAs and RhAs 045
11:10 11:20 COFFEE BREAK
Non-fermi liquid transport properties
11:20 TAKASADA S-I
SHIBAUCHI
and non-universal gap structure in
11:50 022
iron-pnictide High-Tc superconductors
Energy and temperature dependence
11:50 D.N. S-O
INOSOV
of spin fluctuations in electron-doped
12:10 039
iron arsenide superconductors
Critical currents through HTS grain
12:10 GUY S-I
DEUTSCHER
boundaries: Evidence for a strain
12:30 001
sensitive pairing mechanism
12:30
12:50
12:50 14:00 LUNCH BREAK
MARCIN Flux pinning regimes in pristine and
14:00 S-I
KONCZYKO ion irradiated BaFe2(As1-xPx)2 crystals
14:30 WSKI 025
First observation of well-ordered
14:30 H.KAWANO- S-O
FURUKAWA
vortex lattice in non-doped KFe2As2
14:50 042
superconductor by SANS technique
14:50 Jc anisotropy in 122 and 1111 pnictide S-O
J. HANISCH
15:10 thin films 044
15:10 Magnetic phase diagram of iron S-O
S. HAINDL
15:30 pnictide thin films 051
15:30 Anisotropy and vortex matter of S-O
M. KIDSZUN
15:50 LaFeAs(O,F) 047
15:50 16:10 COFFEE BREAK
Phase diagrams and physical
16:10 SERGEY S-I
BUD’KO
properties of Ba(Fe1-xTMx)2As2 (TM =
16:40 021
Co, Ni, Cu, Rh, Pd)
Quasiparticle relaxation dynamics in
16:40 S-O
T. MERTELJ undoped and near-optimally doped
17:00 052
SmFeAsO1-xFx single crystals
17:00 Lattice dynamics of 122 pnictides from S-O
ROLF HEID
17:20 first principles 049
Lattice dynamical and electronical
17:20 S-O
C. PARLAK properties of superconductor
17:40 038
SrNi2As2 from first principles
17:40 SARITA High-Tc and quasi-local lattice modes S-O
18:00 KHANDKA in Iron Pnictides 050
PAMFILYA-3 : Superconductor Ferromagnet Hybrids - I
(Chair: Alexander Bouzdine) 27 April-TUESDAY
Abs.
TIME P. Author Presentation Title
Code
09:30 Odd triplet superconductivity in SM-I
K. EFETOV
10:00 superconductor/ferromagnet hybrids 012
10:00 Spin-triplet superconductivity in Co- SM-I
N. BIRGE
10:30 based Josephson junctions 010
Y. Experimental observation of the inverse
10:30 SM-O
KHAYDUKO proximity effect in the superconductor /
10:50 V ferromagnet bilayer 013
10:50 Superconducting Proximity Effect in SM-O
A.JENKINS
11:10 Non-Homogeneous Ferromagnets 008
11:10 11:20 COFFEE BREAK
11:20 On odd-frequency spin triplet SM-I
J. AARTS
11:50 supercurrents 016
11:50 G.OVSYANNI Proximity effect and current transport in the SM-O
12:10 KOV oxide superconductor/magnetic interfaces 009
12:10 J. Josephson junctions with composite SM-O
12:30 ROBINSON magnetic barriers 010
Neutron reflectometry and infrared
12:30 C. SM-I
BERNHARD
ellipsometry studies of
12:50 007
heterostructures from complex oxides
12:50 14:00 LUNCH BREAK
14:00 M. Josephson junctions with SM-I
14:30 BLAMIRE inhomogeneous magnetic barriers 009
Andreev reflection in FEBID-Co –
14:30 SORAYA ELA-O
SANGIAO
FIBID-W nanocontacts for current-in-
14:50 022
plane measurements
Effective spin-flip scattering in
14:50 SM-O
Y. FOMINOV diffusive superconducting proximity
15:10 012
systems with magnetic disorder
Superconducting states with mixed
15:10 spin and time symmetries in intrinsic SM-O
P. GENTILE
15:30 and hybrid structures of ferromagnets 011
and superconductors
Development of superconductivity
15:30 WEN-HSIEN SM-O
LI
through interparticle interactions in Sn
15:50 005
nanoparticle assemblies
15:50 16:10 COFFEE BREAK
Charge transport in hybrid
16:10 SM-I
M. HOUZET superconducting/ferromagnetic junctions
16:40 with precessing magnetization 014
Superconductor/Ferromagnet
16:40 SM-I
G. PEPE proximized nanostructures for
17:00 013
advanced optical applications
17:00 C. Electric transport properties in S/F SM-I
17:20 ATTANASIO hybrids 006
NMR studies on antiferromagnetism
17:20 SUANO and superconductivity in multilayered S-O
17:40 SHIMIZU High-Tc cuprates Ban-2Can- 012
1CunO2n(FyO1-y)2
ASPENDOS : Magnetism of Molecules, Nanoparticles and
Nanostructures (Chair: Dino Fiorani) 27 April-TUESDAY
Abs.
TIME P. Author Presentation Title
Code
09:30 Eugene M. Collective quantum dynamics of molecular M-I
10:00 Chudnovsky magnets 021
10:00 BERNARD New coherence effects in magnetism: M-I
10:30 BARBARA Nanometer-size qubits and spin-orbit qubits 001
10:30 MIGUEL M-O
Exchange bias in patterned systems
10:50 KIWI 052
10:50 S. N. Magnetoresistance of multilayer M-O
11:10 VDOVICHEV ferromagnetic nanoparticles 119
11:10 11:20 COFFEE BREAK
11:20 IMRE Giant magnetoresistance in M-I
11:50 BAKONYI (electrodeposited) magnetic nanostructures 015
11:50 K. ZUZEK Electrodeposited Fe-Pd-based magnetic M-O
12:10 ROZMAN nanostructures with reduced dimensionality 050
12:10 CHANDANA Magnetic phase transitions in cobalt M-O
12:30 RATH chromite nanoparticles 049
New Method to Synthesize Magnetic
12:30 ALİ R. M-I
Diamond Nanoparticles and Possible
12:50 KÖYMEN 010
Applications
12:50 14:00 LUNCH BREAK
14:00 H.U.HABER Complex Oxide Interfaces – A Laboratory for SM-I
14:30 MEIER Generating Novel Quantum States 002
A high resolution FEG-SEM investigation of
14:30 PAUL anisotropic hydrogen decrepitation and M-O
14:50 McGUINESS corrosion in Nd-Fe-B-based sintered 045
magnets
Wet chemical synthesis and characterization
14:50 MANI M-O
of agarose polysaccharide coated Fe
15:10 ALAGIRI 051
nanoparticles
15:10 VIOREL Magnetite development in Fe- M-O
15:30 SANDU containing glass 055
Synthesis, Raman, near band edge and
15:30 JAVED ferromagnetic properties of Mn doped ZnO M-O
15:50 IQBAL dilute magnetic semiconductor 057
nanostructures
15:50 16:10 COFFEE BREAK
Thin Films and Mutilayers (Session Chair - Young Jun CHANG)

16:10 CoPt-based films for perpendicular M-I


D. FIORANI
16:40 magnetic recording 012
Evolution of ferromagnetic domains
16:40 M-O
H.J. HUG over a distribution of uncompensated
17:00 046
antiferromagnetic spins
17:00 Exchange bias enhancement by Cr addition M-O
SEVİL ÖZER
17:20 to CoO in a CoO-Co/Pt multilayer system 063
17:20 A. Magnetic studies of evaporated Co/Si M-O
17:40 Kharmouche (100) and Co/glass thin films 001
Magnetic properties of FeCo thin films and
17:40 M-O
A.KAMZIN L10 Fe/Pt multilayers of new generation for
18:00 ultrahigh-density recording 008
OLYMPOS : Vortices and Nanostructured Superconductors-I
(Chairs: Adrian Crisan and Milorad Milosevic) 27 April-TUESDAY
Abs.
TIME P. Author Presentation Title
Code
09:30 FRANCOIS Tuning superconductivity in S-I
10:00 PEETERS nanomaterials 062
10:00 TRISTAN Vortex confinement studied by S-I
10:30 CREN scanning tunneling spectroscopy 063
Nanosized superconductors: A new
10:30 ARKADY S-I
SHANENKO
type of the BCS-BEC crossover induced
10:50 058
by quantum-size effects
10:50 C.J. DE S-O
MATOS
Physical vacuum in superconductors
11:10 077
11:10 11:20 COFFEE BREAK
Manipulation of quantum vortex
11:20 AKINOBU S-I
KANDA
states by local current injection into
11:50 056
mesoscopic superconductors
11:50 BOLDIZSAR Andreev bound states in S-I
12:10 JANKO superconductor ferromagnet hybrids 061
Vortex-Antivortex dynamics in a
12:10 J. ALBINO- LS
AGUIAR
mesoscopic superconducting prism
12:30 009
with a centered anti-dot
12:30
12:50
12:50 14:00 LUNCH BREAK
14:00 DANIEL Magneto-optical measurements of S-I
14:30 GOLUBCHIK spontaneous creation of vortices 070
Phase slip phenomena in
14:30 VICTOR S-I
KABANOV
inhomogeneous two dimensional
14:50 059
superconducting film
Mapping the vortex pinning-depinning
14:50 ALEJANDRO S-I
transition via scanning ac-susceptibility
15:10 SILHANEK 068
technique
15:10 GAIA Non linear flux flow resistance of type- S-I
15:30 GRIMALDI II superconducting films 074
Visualization of the critical state formation
15:30 JOFFRE S-O
at the microscopic level in a superconductor
15:50 GUTIERREZ 090
with periodic array of antidots
15:50 16:10 COFFEE BREAK
Anisotropic superconductivity and
16:10 G.KARAPET- S-I
ROV
vortex dynamics in magnetically
16:40 075
coupled F/S and F/S/F hybrids
Local probing of the vortex-antivortex
16:40 JORIS VAN S-O
DE VONDEL
dynamics in superconducto/
17:00 095
ferromagnet hybrid structures
Continuously tunable high magnetic field-
17:00 XAVIER induced superconductivity In NbN obtained S-O
17:20 HALLET by template grown ferromagnetic 097
nanowires array
Retardation of the Magnetic
17:20 M.S. S-O
ZAKHAROV
Relaxation in a Superconductor near a
17:40 091
Ferromagnet
SIDE : MgB2 (Chair: Rene Flukiger) 27 April-TUESDAY
Abs.
TIME P. Author Presentation Title
Code
09:30 H. Development of high performance S-I
10:00 KUMAKURA MgB2 tapes and wires 047
Formation, flux pinning, connectivity, and
10:00 E.W. the evolution of structural and S-I
10:30 COLLINGS superconducting properties with heat 042
treatment time in in-situ-C-doped MgB2
10:30 L. Boron isotope effect on the E2g S-O
10:50 SIMONELLI phonon mode in Mg1−xAlxB2 system 068
10:50 V.V. Thermo-magnetic instability in S-O
11:10 YURCHENKO composite superconductors 096
11:10 11:20 COFFEE BREAK
11:20 Effects of high pressure on the S-I
T. PRIKHNA
11:50 physical properties of MgB2 083
Superconducting properties of
11:50 S-O
M. KULICH MgB2/Ti wires with oxidized
12:10 116
precursors
Electrophoretic deposition of the
12:10 M.B. S-O
KADAM
MgB2 coils and their superconducting
12:30 069
properties
12:30 Heat capacity of pure and carbon S-O
M. MUDGEL
12:50 doped MgB2 071
12:50 14:00 LUNCH BREAK
Chemical doping and strain effect for
14:00 S-I
S.X. DOU improvement in Jc and Hirr and Hc2 in
14:30 MgB2 082
Recent progress in cold high pressure
14:30 S-I
R. FLUKIGER densified (CHPD) in situ MgB2 wires
14:50 046
with square cross section
Mechanically alloyed MgB2: A
14:50 M. S-O
HERRMANN
reasonable precursor for technical low
15:10 070
temperature superconductors
High energy milled ex situ MgB2
15:10 S-O
A.KARIO precursors for powder in tube
15:30 064
conductors
Analysis of current noise produced in
15:30 Eugino stationary conditions in MgB2 films at S-O
15:50 Monticone different stages of the superconducting 065
transition
15:50 16:10 COFFEE BREAK
Enhanced superconducting properties
16:10 S-I
C.SENATORE of in situ MgB2 wires after Cold High
16:40 041
Pressure densification
Fluctuational specific heat jump of
16:40 I.N. S-O
ASKERZADE
two-band superconductors:
17:00 067
Applications to MgB2
17:00 P. J. UADRA- Vortex dendritic avalanches induced S-O
17:20 SOLIS by microwave pulses in MgB2 072
17:20 SERAP AC loss measurement of S-O
17:40 SAFRAN multifilamentary MgB2 wires 112
TERMESSOS : Wires, Tapes and Coated Superconductors
(Chair: Wilfred Goldacker) 27 April-TUESDAY
Abs.
TIME P. Author Presentation Title
Code
09:30 WILFRED Properties of ROEBEL cables from LSA-I
10:00 GOLDACKER coated conductors 007
10:00 AREND Progress in testing and analysis of LSA-I
10:30 NIJHUIS Nb3Sn wires and cables for ITER 006
10:30 Sonja HTS cables for high-current S-I
10:50 Schlachter applications 065
10:50 Study for AC loss reduction in Bi2223 LSA-O
AKIO OOTA
11:10 tapes by introducing oxide barriers 008
11:10 11:20 COFFEE BREAK
11:20 PAVOL S-I
KOVAC
Wires and cables from MgB2
11:50 045
R. NATH Electrodeposited Cu-stabilization layer
11:50 LSA-O
BHATTACHA for high temperature superconducting
12:10 RYA 005
coated conductors
12:10 Hybrid physical-chemical vapor deposition LSA-I
X.X. XI
12:30 for MgB2 coated-conductors 008
Korean industrial standard on DC critical
12:30 DONG HO LSA-I
current measurement method for
12:50 KIM 005
superconducting power cables
12:50 14:00 LUNCH BREAK
Effect of strain on the critical current and
14:00 DANKO VAN LSA-I
flux pinning in YBa2Cu3O7-
14:30 DER LAAN 009
conductors and Bi2Sr2Ca2Cu3Ox tapes
14:30 VADIM A. LSA-O
GRINENKO
YBCO pancake coils with low AC losses
14:50 003
Investigation of the transport properties of
14:50 PIERRE coated conductors and comparison to that S-O
15:10 BERNSTEIN of YBCO films deposited on single crystal 015
substrates
Investigation of current limiting mechanism
15:10 Z. BINTI in IBAD based filamentary hts coated ELA-O
15:30 ZULKIFLI conductor using spatially resolved 018
measurement technique
Evaluation of MCDM techniques for optimal
15:30 LSA-O
H. HEIDARI design of superconducting fault current
15:50 007
limiters in electrical systems
15:50 16:10 COFFEE BREAK
Bulk Superconductivity -1 (Session Chair: Andres Sotelo)

16:10 New possibilities in microstructural design S-I


PAVEL DIKO
16:40 of REBCO bulk superconductors 006
16:40 J. G. Development of shaping textured YBaCuO S-I
17:00 NOUDEM superconductors 066
AC losses in multilayered
17:00 MUSTAFA S-O
Bi1.8Pb0.4Ca2.2Sr2Cu3Ox/Ag
17:20 AKDOĞAN 023
superconductor
Influence of Gd addition on magnetic and
17:20 S. POLAT structural properties of Bi1.6Pb0.4Sr2Ca2- S-O
17:40 ALTINTAŞ xGdxCu3Oy superconductors by means of ac 010
susceptibility
PAMFILYA-1 : New Superconductors
(Chair: Jun Akimitsu) 28 APRIL-WEDNESDAY
Abs.
TIME P. Author Presentation Title
Code

09:30 J. New superconductors recently S-I


10:00 AKIMITSU developed by our group 048

10:00 P. Cu, Pu and Fe high Tc superconductors: S-I


10:30 WACHTER All the same mechanism 049

Are vortices in rotating superfluids


10:30 J.C. DE S-O
MATOS
breaking the weak equivalence
10:50 088
principle?

New superconductivity produced by


10:50 S. S-O
ISHIGURI
electrostatic field and diffusion current
11:10 078
in semiconductor

11:10 11:20 COFFEE BREAK

11:20 R. Suprafroth and topological hysteresis S-I


11:50 PROZOROV in Type-I Superconductors 051

Topological hall effect in


11:50 SATOSHI S-O
FUJIMOTO
inhomogeneous pairing states of
12:10 076
noncentrosymmetric superconductors

Superconducting behavior of interfaces


12:10 P. S-O
ESQUINAZI
in graphite: Transport measurements
12:30 032
of micro-constrictions

12:50 14:00 LUNCH BREAK


EXCURSION ALL AFTERNOON
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PAMFILYA-2 : Spintronics-2
(Chair: Claudia Felser) 28 APRIL-WEDNESDAY
Abs.
TIME P. Author Presentation Title
Code

A large tunnel magnetoresistance at


09:30 KOUCHIRO room temperature in epitaxial magnetic M-I
10:00 INOMATA tunnel junctions using Co2FeAl Heusler 026
Alloy electrodes

10:00 M-I
A. SERGA Spin wave logic
10:30 025

10:30 NEJAT DFT+QMC Approach to Ferromagnetic M-I


10:50 BULUT Semiconductors 022

Magnetization Process near the Curie


10:50 HIRONORI M-O
Temperature of a Ferromagnetic
11:10 NISHIHARA 066
Heusler Alloy Co2VGa

11:10 11:20 COFFEE BREAK

Manganites
(Session Chair: Koki Takanashi)

A.WAHEB
11:20 Magnetocaloric effects in manganites M-I
CHEIKHROU
11:50 HOU with perovskite structure 035

11:50 L. Magnetocaloric effect in M-O


12:10 KOROLEVA Sm0.55Sr0.45MnO3 manganite 082

12:10 PINAKI Using disorder for phase control in the M-O


12:30 MAJUMDAR manganites 115

12:50 14:00 LUNCH BREAK


EXCURSION ALL AFTERNOON
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PAMFILYA-3 : Superconductor Ferromagnet Hybrids - II
(Chair: Alexander Bouzdine) 28 APRIL-WEDNESDAY
Abs.
TIME P. Author Presentation Title
Code

Interplay of superconductivity and


09:30 T. SM-I
TAMEGAI
magnetism in
10:00 011
superconductor/ferromagnet bilayer

V. Combined domain structures in


10:00 SM-I
VLASKO- superconducting/ferromagnetic
10:30 VLASOV 015
hybrids

Re-Entrant Superconductivity
10:30 ANATOLI SM-I
Phenomenon in SF-Hybrids
10:50 SIDORENKO 005

10:50 MARKO Cavity sideband cooling of the S-O


11:10 APRILI Josephson phase 113

11:10 11:20 COFFEE BREAK

Proximity and stray magnetic field


induced effects in
11:20 J. SM-I
VILLEGAS
superconducting/ferromagnetic
11:50 008
hybrids

11:50 Magnetic moment manipulation by a SM-O


A.BUZDIN
12:10 Josephson Current 014

Coexistence of superconductivity,
12:10 RAMINDER SM-O
GILL
ferromagnetism and
12:30 002
antiferromagnetism

12:50 14:00 LUNCH BREAK


EXCURSION ALL AFTERNOON
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OLYMPOS : Junctions & SQUIDS
(Chair: Francesco Tafuri) 28 APRIL-WEDNESDAY
Abs.
TIME P. Author Presentation Title
Code

Coherent phenomena in high


09:30 ELA-I
F. TAFURI critical temperature
10:00 009
superconductor nano-structures

10:00 ELA-I
F. LOMBARDI HTS devices at the nanoscale
10:30 011

Dispersive magnetometry with a


10:30 ELA-I
I.SİDDİQİ noiseless SQUID parametric
10:50 010
amplifier

10:50 S. Proximity effect in electron-doped ELA-O


11:10 CHARPENTIER cuprate josephson junctions 016

11:10 11:20 COFFEE BREAK

Hot quasiparticle control of


11:20 ELA-I
S. RODDARO supercurrent in nanowire
11:50 012
Josephson transitors

Low-temperature scanning laser


11:50 ELA-I
S. GUENON microscopy of intrinsic Josephson
12:10 008
junctions

An efficient SQUID NDE defect


12:10 MEHDI ELA-O
FARDMANESH
detection approach by using an
12:30 015
adaptive finite element modeling

Coinciding metal-insulator and


12:30 MINTU superconductor-insulator transition S-O
12:50 MONDAL in homogenously disordered 3D- 022
NbN films

12:50 14:00 LUNCH BREAK


EXCURSION ALL AFTERNOON
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TERMESSOS : Bio-inspired Magnetic Nanomaterials and Biomagnetism
(Chair: Tanya Prozorov) 28 APRIL-WEDNESDAY
Abs.
TIME P. Author Presentation Title
Code

Iron et al.: The incorporation of


09:30 T. M-I
manganese into the crystal lattice of
10:00 PROZOROV 006
magnetosome magnetite

10:00 Biomagnetite: A promising nanoparticle M-I


C.J. LOPEZ
10:30 and biomarker 005

10:30 T.H. Mobile magnetic walls as particle M-O


10:50 JOHANSEN manipulators 024

10:50 Magnetic micro- and nanomaterials for M-I


H. CHIRIAC
11:10 biosensing applications 011

11:10 11:20 COFFEE BREAK

On chip manipulation of biological


11:20 R. M-I
BERTACCO
entities carried by magnetic beads via
11:50 007
domain wall conduits

11:50 M.P. Synthesis of magnetic nanoparticles for M-I


12:10 MORALES NMR imaging of liver and brain 036

Structural and magnetic properties of


12:10 NAEM M-O
AHMAD
ferromagnetic nanowires and
12:30 061
nanotubes

12:50 14:00 LUNCH BREAK


EXCURSION ALL AFTERNOON
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ASPENDOS : Carbon Related Superconductivity
(Chair: Junji Haruyama) 28 APRIL-WEDNESDAY
Abs.
TIME P. Author Presentation Title
Code

09:30 Superconductivity in carbon- LS


J. HARUYAMA
10:00 nanotubes 001

Search for superconductivity at Van


10:00 S-I
P. BARBARA Hove Singularities in carbon
10:30 013
nanotubes

10:30 Electronic structures of boron- or S-I


T. KORETSUNE
10:50 nitrogen-doped carbon nanotube 014

Pressure-induced enhancement of
10:50 S-I
A.GAUZZI superconductivity and instability of
11:10 009
the Ca-sublattice in CaC6

11:10 11:20 COFFEE BREAK

Local structure and


11:20 S-I
H. MUKUDA superconductivity in boron-doped
11:50 011
diamond: 11B-NMR study

Superconductivity at 32-38 K and


11:50 S-I
I.FELNER peculiar magnetism in amorphous
12:10 012
(and sulfur doped) carbon

Spin dependent superconducting


12:10 S-I
H. BOUCHIAT proximity effect in metallo
12:30 010
fullerenes and carbon nanotubes

12:50 14:00 LUNCH BREAK


EXCURSION ALL AFTERNOON
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SIDE : Numerical Methods for ac Losses
(Chair: Fedor Gömöry) 28 APRIL-WEDNESDAY
Abs.
TIME P. Author Presentation Title
Code

09:30 An introduction to numerical S-I


A. CAMPBELL
10:00 methods in superconductors 055

Numerical simulation of magnetic


10:00 S-I
F. GÖMÖRY flux penetration and AC loss in
10:30 053
HTSC coated conductor tapes

10:30 E.H. Continuum computation of vortex S-I


10:50 BRANDT dynamics for various geometries 072

Transport ac Loss Measurements


10:50 S-O
O. ÇİÇEK and Simulations in Bi-2223/Ag Tape
11:10 021
with Ni-Cover at the Edges

11:10 11:20 COFFEE BREAK

Some key issues in numerical AC


11:20 N. LSA-I
AMEMIYA
loss calculations in coated
11:50 003
conductors

Study of AC loss characteristics of


11:50 D. HTS coated conductor with S-I
12:10 MIYAGI magnetic substrate using FEM 052
analysis

Coupling and hysteresis AC loss for


12:10 S-I
ENRIC PARDO superconducting windings made of
12:30 054
coated conductors

12:50 14:00 LUNCH BREAK


EXCURSION ALL AFTERNOON
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PAMFILYA-1 : Lattice and Isotope Effects in Layered Superconductors
(Chair: Annette Bussmann-Holder) 29 April-THURSDAY
Abs.
TIME P. Author Presentation Title
Code
Isotope effects and multi-band
09:30 HUGO S-I
superconductivity in layered high-
10:00 KELLER 039
temperature superconductors
Lattice anomalies and HTSC in pnictides and
10:00 HIROYUKI S-I
cuprates studied by XAS: Polaron resonance
10:30 OYANAGI 037
as a common clue
Resonant multicomponent
10:30 ANTONIO superconductivity in heterostructures S-I
10:50 BIANCONI at atomic limit from high to room 057
temperature superconductors
10:50 J. M. DE Isotope effect and role of pressure in a S-I
11:10 LEON polaronic model 038
11:10 11:20 COFFEE BREAK
11:20 E. S-I
Liarokapis
Lattice effects in diborides
11:50 043
A. S. Key pairing interaction in cuprate and
11:50 S-I
ALEXANDR related superconductors
12:10 OV 040
HOSSEIN Phonon Softening of Bond Stretching Mode in
12:10 S-O
KHOSROA Ba1-xKxBiO3 Superconductor
12:30 BADI 061
12:30
12:50
12:50 14:00 LUNCH BREAK
A. Charge, Spin and Lattice dynamics in
14:00 S-I
SHENGELA YBa2Cu3Ox studied by Electron
14:30 YA 081
Paramagnetic Resonance
14:30 A.B. Lattice effects and two-component physics in S-I
14:50 HOLDER layered high temperature superconductors 036
Electron-boson coupling constant of oxygen-
14:50 CHIH WEI S-O
deficient Y0.7Ca0.3Ba2Cu3O7-δ measured by
15:10 LUO 059
ultrafast spectroscopy
15:10 ERAN Why do similar superconductors have S-O
15:30 AMIT different phase diagrams? 062
A study of the thallium-, and bismuth-based
15:30 GULSHAN S-O
high-temperature superconductors in the
15:50 P. MALIK 060
framework of the generalized BCS equations
15:50 16:10 COFFEE BREAK
Hard Magnetics (Session Chair N. Lupu)
Spark plasma sintered NdFeB-based
16:10 NICOLETA M-I
nanocomposite hard magnets with enhanced
16:40 LUPU 008
magnetic properties
Microstructure and coercivity variation in Ball
16:40 M. FAISAL Milled 2-17 type M-O
17:00 RATHORE Sm(CobalFe0.1Cu0.1Zr0.033)6.93 high 044
temperature magnetic alloy
17:00 Physical Properties of Nd1-xGdxNi4B M-O
B. OZCELIK compounds
17:20 020
M-O
17:20 F. M. Microstructure and magnetic properties of
AHMED Nd-Fe-B alloys by Nb and Co additions
019
17:40
PAMFILYA-2 : Iron-based Pnictide Superconductors: Materials and
Potential Applications (Chair: Carlo Ferdeghini) 29 April-THURSDAY
Abs.
TIME P. Author Presentation Title
Code
09:30 ALEX Impurity effects and current transport
GUREVICH
S-I
10:00 in oxypnictides at high magnetic fields
10:00 DIRK Chemical and structural aspects of iron S-I
10:30 JOHRENDT pnictide superconductors 017
Single crystal growth and superconducting
10:30 JANUSZ S-I
properties of LnFeAsO (Ln=La, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd)
10:50 KARPINSKI 032
and AFe2As2 (A=Ba, Ca, Rb, Eu)
10:50 HIRAKU Iron pnictide oxides with thick S-I
11:10 OGINO perovskite-type blocking layers 034
11:10 11:20 COFFEE BREAK
11:20 MARINA Role of disorder on Fe based S-I
11:50 PUTTI oxypnictides superconductors 020
11:50 A. Inter- and intra-granular critical current S-I
12:10 Yamamoto in iron-pnictides 027
Critical currents enhancement due to
12:10 K. J. S-O
ROGACKI
the peak effect in REFeAsO1-xFx (RE =
12:30 056
Sm, Nd) single crystals
Structural and electric transport
properties of epitaxially grown
12:30 B. S-I
superconducting iron based pnictide
12:50 Holzapfel 035
thin films prepared by Pulsed Laser
Deposition
12:50 14:00 LUNCH BREAK
Transport and superconducting
14:00 YANWEI properties of Sr0.6K0.4Fe2As2 S-I
14:30 MA superconductors: The role of silver 033
addition
Growth of epitaxial Ba(Fe1-xCox)2As2
14:30 S-O
K. IIDA thin films and their superconducting
14:50 055
properties
14:50 Carlo Tc=21K in epitaxial FeSe0.5Te0.5 thin S-I
15:10 Ferdeghini films with biaxial compressive strain 029
A comparative study of Fe1+Te1-xSex single
15:10 S-O
C.T. LIN crystals grown by Bridgman and self flux
15:30 techniques
054
Microstructural characterisation of
15:30 S. LS
SPELLER
Fe(Se,Te) thin films grown using an ex-
15:50 007
situ process
15:50 16:10 COFFEE BREAK
Pauli-limiting behavior at high fields versus
16:10 GUNTER enhanced upper critical fields near Tc in S-I
16:40 FUCHS several disordered FeAs based 030
superconductors
Appearance and disappearance of
16:40 VEER P.S. S-I
superconductivity with Fe site Co substitution
17:00 AWANA 023
in SmFe1-xCoxAsO (x = 0.0 to 1.0)
17:00 SUJA Phase Co-existence in superconducting S-O
17:20 ELIZABETH chalcogenide single crystals 057
17:20 E. Fermi surface shrinking and band shifts in S-O
17:40 Cappelluti iron-based pnictides 082
PAMFILYA-3 : Vortices and Nanostructured Superconductors - II
(Chairs: Adrian Crisan and Milorad Milosevic) 29 April-THURSDAY
Abs.
TIME P. Author Presentation Title
Code
09:30 E.H. Attractive vortex interaction and the S-I
10:00 BRANDT intermediate-mixed state 005
10:00 M. Vortex matter in two-band mesoscopic S-I
10:30 MILOSEVIC superconductors 077
Exotic vortex matter: Pancake vortex
10:30 molecules and fractional-flux molecules S-I
A.CRISAN
10:50 in some exotic and/or two-component 067
superconductors
A new ground state for the two
10:50 S-I
M. DORIA component order parameter
11:10 050
superconductor
11:10 11:20 COFFEE BREAK
11:20 P.MIKHEE Nano techniques for enhancing critical ELA-I
11:50 NKO current in superconducting YBCO films 013
11:50 Flux pinning in chemical solution YBCO S-I
A.PALAU
12:10 films with tailored nanostructures 079
The effect of the pinning center size on
12:10 ALI S-O
CHIRGUI
the vortex pinning by embedded ZrO2
12:30 087
nano-particles
12:30 M.I.TSINDL AC response of the single crystals S-O
12:50 EKHT niobium in a swept magnetic field 092
12:50 14:00 LUNCH BREAK
Study and application of controlled
14:00 F. S-I
LAVIANO
vortex dynamics in patterned YBCO
14:30 073
films
Controlling the critical current in
14:30 V.R. S-I
MISKO
superconductors with quasiperiodic
14:50 060
pinning arrays
V. The Hall effect and the AC power
14:50 S-I
A.SHKLOV absorption by vortices in a
15:10 SKIJ 078
superconductor with a periodic
Temperature and current dependent
15:10 M. S-O
KAMRAN
matching field in superconducting NbN
15:30 093
film of square array of holes
15:30 G. Oscillatory dynamics in vortex matter S-O
15:50 PASQUINI near the order-disorder transition 089
15:50 16:10 COFFEE BREAK
Vortex dynamics in YBa2Cu3O7 films and
16:10 S-I
L. MIU superlattices: A magnetization relaxation
16:40 study 076
16:40 Vortex dynamics in noncentrosymmetric S-I
C. MICLEA superconductors
17:00 069
M. On the defect density dependence of the
17:00 S-I
ZEHETMAY fishtail effect in superconductors
17:20 ER 080
Vortex structure in superconducting
17:20 L. S-O
VINNIKOV
iron pnictide single crystals 122 and
17:40 117
1111 type
OLYMPOS : Multiferroics and Magnetic Oxides
(Chair: Reinhard Kremer) 29 April-THURSDAY
Abs.
TIME P. Author Presentation Title
Code
09:30 M.MOSTO Unified theory of magnetoelectric M-I
10:00 VOY effects 042
10:00 M.KENZEL Magnetically-driven electric polarization M-I
10:30 MANN in magneto-electrics and multiferroics 016
Bi 6s2 lone-pair-induced magnetic order and
10:30 M-O
A.GAUZZI center of symmetry breaking in the
10:50 quadruple perovskite BiMn7O12 079
10:50 SUJA Study of low temperature glassy phase M-O
11:10 ELIZABETH in Gd0.5Sr0.5MnO3 single crystals 121
11:10 11:20 COFFEE BREAK
11:20 Reversible Strain Dependence of Ferroic M-I
K.DÖRR
11:50 Orders in Oxide Films 002
11:50 YOUNG Electrically driven magnetic relaxation M-O
12:10 SUN in multiferroic LuFe2O4 086
Magnetoelectric effects in
12:10 RICCARDO M-O
BERTACCO
Fe/BaTiO3(001) interfaces for
12:30 118
spintronics devices
12:30 F.MIKAILZ Magnetoelectric effects in Co implanted M-O
12:50 ADE surface layer of perovskite BaTiO3 crystal 083
12:50 14:00 LUNCH BREAK
14:00 P. Multiferroicity in Cu2OSeO3 studied by M-I
14:30 LEMMENS Raman scattering 017
14:30 M. Magnetoelectricity in a novel M-O
14:50 PREGELJ multiferroic FeTe2O5Br system 084
Spin-charge coupled phenomena in
14:50 N.FURUKA R2Mo2O7: Monte Carlo study of double- M-O
15:10 WA exchange model on a frustrated pyrochlore 085
lattice
15:10 R.K. Search for multiferroic behavior in new M-I
15:30 KREMER spin spiral chain Cu systems 019
15:30 FRANZ D. Giant magnetic anisotropy changes in M-O
15:50 CZESCHKA Sr2CrReO6 thin films on BaTiO3 122
15:50 16:10 COFFEE BREAK
Soft Magnetic Materials / Special-new Magnetic Materials
(Session Chair: Arcady Zhukov)
Tailoring of magnetic properties of
16:10 ARCADY M-I
magnetostatically-coupled glass-covered
16:40 ZHUKOV 023
magnetic microwires
16:40 FAUSTO Energy losses in soft magnets from DC to M-I
17:00 FIORILLO radiofrequencies: Theory and experiment 020
Effect of microwave annealing on the
17:00 I. E. M-O
structure and magnetic properties of Co-
17:20 SULIMAN 090
based amorphous ribbons
Study of Fermi Surface of HTS by Magnetic Quantum Oscillations
17:20 P.GRIGORI Angular dependence of magnetoresistance in S-O
17:40 EV layered metals and superconductors 085
Probing the Fermi surface of an electron
17:40 TONI S-O
doped cuprate superconductor by high-field
18:00 HELM 083
magnetotransport
TERMESSOS : Rare Earth Magnetic Materials
(Chair: Bekir Ozcelik) 29 April-THURSDAY
Abs.
TIME P. Author Presentation Title
Code
J. Magnetic structure and induced charge
09:30 M-O
HERRERO anisotropies in EuFe2As2 revealed by
10:00 MARTIN magnetic and resonant x-ray scattering 105
10:00 T.ALTSHUL Magnetic ordering and phase separation in M-O
10:30 ER EuB5.93C0.07 072
10:30 Effect of Cr-doping on the magnetic M-O
K. ZIQ
10:50 properties of Er0.55Sr0.45Mn1-xCrxO3 073
10:50 P. A. Physics of the Kondo-insulators: Neutron M-O
11:10 ALEKSEEV scattering study 011
11:10 11:20 COFFEE BREAK
11:20 ANIL Observation of spin glass behavior in M-O
11:50 KUMAR La0.85Sr0.15CoO3 single crystals 036
11:50 A. Synthesis and structural properties of M-O
12:10 ABDULLAH Ce(OH)3 for useful applications 025
The influence of target rotating and substrate
12:10 S.M. M-O
temperature on the properties of pulsed laser
12:30 HAMIDI 032
deposited Bi substituted garnet thin films
12:30 Magnetic properties and magnetocaloric M-O
H. AĞIL effect of Ce2GdCo11B4 boride
12:50 123
12:50 14:00 LUNCH BREAK
Superconducting Devices, Circuits and Computing
(Session Chair: Mehdi Fardmanesh)
14:00 STEFAN Entanglement of superconducting qubits in ELA-I
14:30 FILIPP circuit QED 015
Effects of Junction and Bias Parameters on
14:30 HASEM ELA-O
the State Measurement of a Leaking Phase
14:50 ZANDI 024
Qubit
14:50 SHABNAM High-fidelity gates for phase qubits through ELA-O
15:10 SAFAEI full optimization 025
15:10 AKIRA Single Flux Quantum Signal Processing for a ELA-O
15:30 FUJIMAKI Compact Neutron Diffractometer 026
Design and circuit analysis of quasi one
15:30 ALİ ELA-O
junction SQUID comprators for low
15:50 BOZBEY 010
temperature detector array read-out
15:50 16:10 COFFEE BREAK
M.G. Experiments on a superconducting qubit
16:10 ELA-I
CASTELLA manipulated by fast flux pulses:The issue of
16:40 NO non-adiabaticity 014
Proximity effect in a quantum dot system
16:40 PIOTR SM-O
coupled to ferromagnetic and
17:00 TROCHA 006
superconducting leads
17:00 O.V. Implementation of molecular transistor ELA-O
17:20 SNIGIREV electrodes by electromigration 002
Development of a Full Wafer Fabrication
17:20 ILBEYI LS
Process for Tantalum Based Superconducting
17:40 AVCI 010
Tunnel Junction (STJ) X-ray Detectors
The calculatation and fabrication of new
17:40 SANSHENG ELA-O
ultra-sensitive superconductor and GMI
18:00 WANG 009
hybrid magnetic sensor
ASPENDOS : Bulk Superconductivity - II
(Chair: Ekrem Yanmaz) 29 April-THURSDAY
Abs.
TIME P. Author Presentation Title
Code
Precursor influence on the electrical
09:30 ANDRES S-I
properties of textured Bi-2212
10:00 SOTELO 004
superconductors
10:00 DANIJEL Ag5Pb2O6/CuO composite, an approach to S-O
10:30 DJUREK ambient temperature superconductivity 019
Microwave measurements in the model high-
10:30 NEVEN Tc material HgBa2CuO4+δ: Discriminating S-O
10:50 BARISIC between superconducting fluctuations and 030
pseudogap effects
10:50 YUSUF S. High temperature insulation systems for bulk
applications of superconductors S-O 028
11:10 HASÇİÇEK
11:10 11:20 COFFEE BREAK
11:20 TSUYOSHI Study of the onset of superconductivity in S-I
11:50 TAKAMI underdoped La2-xSrxCuO4 008
Dynamic studies on the influence of strain on
11:50 S.TROMML S-O
superconducting properties using
12:10 ER 086
piezoelectric substrates
Behaviour of superconducting properties of
12:10 VITALIY S-O
Al doped TSMG YBCO bulk superconductors
12:30 ANTAL 026
after different oxygenation process
12:30 AMIT Insensitivity of the Superconducting gap in S-O
12:50 KANIGEL Zn-substituted Bi2212 to variation in Tc 004
12:50 14:00 LUNCH BREAK
14:00 G. F. de la S-I
Laser shaping of oxide superconductors
14:30 FUENTE 064
Effect of heat treatments and Zr doped on
14:30 AZHAN S-O
superconducting properties of
14:50 HASIM 017
Light induced evaporation and subsequent
14:50 PRIMOZ S-O
condensation of superconducting condensate
15:10 KUSAR 024
in cuprates
15:10 MURAT Investigation of superconducting properties S-O
15:30 ERDEM of Gd added Bi-2223 099
On pseudogap and the doping dependent
15:30 SALEH S-O
magnetic properties of Zn substituted La2-
15:50 NAQIB 106
xSrxCuO4
15:50 16:10 COFFEE BREAK
Superconducting Thin Films (Session Chair: Dogan Abukay)
16:10 IVAN Insight in high-temperature superconductivity S-I
16:40 BOZOVIC from cuprate heterostructures 003
16:40 M. ABDEL- Abnormal behavior of the angular S-O
17:00 HADI dependence of resistivity in YBCO thin films 105
Transport properties of superconducting
17:00 R. S-O
amorphous W-based nanowires fabricated by
17:20 CORDOBA 098
focusedion-beam-induced-deposition
Discontinuous propagation of stabilized
17:20 ADAM ELA-O
normal hotspots in superconducting NbN
17:40 SEBASTIEN 003
multicontacts microstrips
Preparation and characterization of
17:40 A.M. nanometer grained high temperature S-O
18:00 SALEM superconducting high-quality epitaxial Bi- 104
2223 thin films grown by DC sputtering
SIDE : Magntetization Dynamics (Chair: L. Tagirov) 29 April-THURSDAY
Abs.
TIME P. Author Presentation Title
Code
09:30 DANIEL M-I
Fe/Ag/Fe(001) spin torque vortex oscillators
10:00 BÜRGLER 013
10:00 C. M-I
Spintronics at magnetic domain walls
10:30 MARROWS 038
Ultrafast element-selective demagnetization
10:30 ROMAN M-O
measurements of Ni and Fe employing a
10:50 ADAM 070
tabletop high-harmonic soft X-ray source
SEBASTIAN Angular dependence of domain wall
10:50 M-O
VAN dynamics in magnetic films with in-plane
11:10 DIJKEN uniaxial anisotropy 071
11:10 11:20 COFFEE BREAK
11:20 HERMANN Vortex-antivortex mediated vortex core M-I
11:50 STOLL reversal in magnetic nanodots 014
11:50 ULRICH Theoretical investigation of thermally assisted M-I
12:10 NOWAK magnetization reversal 037
Magnetization Reversal Mechanism in Cobalt
12:10 Nanowires Prepared by Chemical M-O
M. USMAN
12:30 Electrodeposition in Ion Track Etched 064
Membranes
12:30
12:50
12:50 14:00 LUNCH BREAK
Magnetism Miscel. (Session Chair: Bernard Barbara)
14:00 S.V. M-O
Spin helixes in magnetic field
14:30 MALEYEV 016
14:30 YURI V. Clausius-Mossotti Approximation in SM-O
14:50 KORNYUSHIN Superconductivity and Magnetism 001
EVGENIJ
14:50 The Hybrid Cryogenic Magnet with a S-O
KRASNOPER
15:10 Logaritmic in Time Field Deviation 108
OV
Critical behavior of the Pauli spin
15:10 S.KRAVCHEN M-O
susceptibility of strongly correlated 2D
15:30 KO 110
electrons
15:30 MING LUN Decoherence of the Kondo Singlet caused M-O
15:50 CHEN by phase-sensitive detection 077
15:50 16:10 COFFEE BREAK
Theoretical Magnetism / (Session Chair: Nejat Bulut)
16:10 Magnetic and half-metallic properties of TiPo, M-I
ALI ZAOUI
16:40 VPo, CrPo, MnPo and FePo compounds 024
16:40 RADU Quantum phase transition in a ferromagnetic M-O
17:00 COLDEA Ising chain in transverse field 040
17:00 Collective dipole excitations in sodium M-O
A.RADUTA
17:20 clusters 048
17:20 FARHAD M-O
Tetra-critical transition in Pyrochlore-FeF3
17:40 SHAHBAZI 037
Angle dependent exchange interaction in
17:40 M-O
FİKRET IŞIK some dinuclear Cu2+ complex:
18:00 ferromagnetism versus antiferromagnetism 038
Hubbard model with hopping interaction and
18:00 JERZY M-O
intersite kinetic correlations: Scattering
18:20 MIZIA 106
correction effect
PAMFILYA-1: Miscellaneous – I
(Chair: Eyyüphan Yakıncı) 30 April-FRIDAY
Abs.
TIME P. Author Presentation Title
Code

09:00 B. A. Hydrogen cryomagnetic a possible way LSA-I


09:30 GLOWACKI forward for applied superconductivity 002

Modern Trends in Superconductivity


09:30 ALEXANDER LSA-O
KOVALENKO and Nuclotron-based Ion Collider
10:00 001
Facility NICA at Dubna

10:00 - 10:15 BREAK

ASPENDOS : Miscellaneous – II
(Chair: Yusuf Hasçiçek) 30 April-FRIDAY
Abs.
TIME P. Author Presentation Title
Code
Status of high temperature
09:00 YOUNG KIL
superconducting motor development in LSA-I
09:30 KWON 004
Korea
09:30 The current status of superconductivity- S-O
RYU
10:00 based industrial application in Korea 119

10:00 - 10:15 BREAK

PAMFILYA-1
(Chairs: Eyüphan Yakıncı & Yusuf Hasçiçek) 30 April-FRIDAY
TIME P. Author Presentation Title

10:15 Akira Recent Progress in Single Flux PLN


11:00 Fujimaki Quantum Integrated Circuits 003
11:00 Lenar PLN
Superconducting triplet spin valves
11:45 Tagirov 009

11:45 ALI National Centre for Superconductivity Project at


12:00 GENCER Turkey

12:00 - 12:20 CLOSING REMARKS


III. POSTER PRESENTATIONS
POSTER PRESENTATIONS
26 APRIL – MONDAY
BETWEEN 18:00-19:30 LOCATION : FOYER
Presenting Abstract
Presentation Title
Author Code
Characterization of silicon carbide (SiC) thin
MUKESH ELA-P
1 films deposited by physical vapor
KUMAR 001
deposition
Performance enhancement of the solid
RAAD SH. ELA-P
2 saturable absorber for laser passive-
ALNAYLI 024
switching at 1.353 μm
The temperature dependence of electrical
SUKRU ELA-P
3 properties in the metal semiconductor
KARATAS 003
structures
Mössbauer and electrical studies of
H.M. M-P
4 MnxCo1-xFe2O4 compounds prepared via
ABDALLAH 033
glycothermal route
Antiferromagnetic solitons in carbon ELA-P
5 M.BELONENKO
nanotubes 029
Synthesis, Structural and Conductivity
HUSEYIN M-P
6 Characterization of Alginic Acid-Fe3O4
SOZERI 035
Nanocomposite
Effect of Gd3+ doping on the electric and
JAGDISH dielectric properties of Mg ferrite M-P
7
CHAND processed by conventional ceramic 036
technique
Effect of Mn substitution on magnetic and
M-P
8 R.C.KAMBALE dielectric properties of cobalt ferrite
139
synthesized by an autocombustion route
Synthesis of Zr-Co substituted M-type
MUHAMMAD strontium hexaferrite nanomaterials for M-P
9
NAEEM ASHIQ potential application in high density 137
recording media
P. ABDUL AJIJ Magnetic properties of Co1– M-P
10
SHAIKH xNixFe1.9Mn0.1O4 ferrite 138
Magnetic properties of Mn0.4Ni0.6Fe2O4
M-P
11 MEHMET BAY nanoparticles synthesized by PEG assisted
143
hydrothermal method
XRD, magnetic and Mössbauer spectral
M-P
12 JUSTICE MSOMI studies of AgxNi1-xFe2O4 ferrite
037
nanoparticles
Synthesis, magnetic and dielectric
MUHAMMAD M-P
13 properties of Al-Cr substituted M-type
NAEEM ASHIQ 039
strontium hexaferrite
Magneto-electric phenomena in
V.E. M-P
14 temperature-influensed yttrium iron
KORONOVSKYY 038
garnets
Microwave Impedance Characterization of
ALEXANDER A. S-P
15 BARANNIK
Single Crystal Ba(Fe1-xCox)2As2 Using
055
Sapphire Disk Quasi-Optical Resonator
Superconductivity in iron silicide Lu2Fe3Si5 S-P
16 A.E.. KARKIN
probed by radiation-induced disordering 056
High-pressure X-ray absorption
S-P
17 JIN-MING CHEN spectroscopy study on β-Fe1.01Se
058
superconductor
AC loss measurements of tapes and YBCO
LSA-P
18 C. STIEHLER double-pancake racetrack coils and the
026
effect of soft magnetic shielding
V. Magnetic State of an Assembly of Magnetic LS
19 DIMITROV Dipoles 008
POSTER PRESENTATIONS
26 APRIL – MONDAY
BETWEEN 18:00-19:30 LOCATION : FOYER

Presenting Abstract
Presentation Title Code
Author
Superconductive and magnetic
MOHAMED S-P
20 properties of Bi2Sr2Ca2Cu3O10+δ
MAHTALI 010
ceramics doped by Pb
Scanning Tunneling Microscopy and
S-P
21 TAKUYA KATO Spectroscopy on Iron Chalcogenide
057
Superconductor Fe1+δSe1-xTex
Synthesis and Superconductivity of S-P
22 ANAND PAL
FeTe1-xSex (0.0 ≤ x ≥ 0.50) 059
M.Y.HACISALIHOG Structural and magnetic properties of S-P
23
LU FeSe and FeSe0.5Te0.5 superconductors 099
DAULET Influence of anharmonicity current-
ELA-P
24 MAKSATULY phase dependence on properties weak
010
SERGEYEV links of Josephson type
Resonant behaviour of the barrier of
MARIA ANGELES YBa2Cu3O7 grain boundary Josephson ELA-P
25
NAVACERRADA Junctions fabricated on bicrystalline 011
substrates with different geometries
Hybrid Graphene-Superconductor ELA-P
26 GAVIN BURNELL
Devices 012
Development of ultra low field nuclear
OLEG VASILJEVICH ELA-P
27 magnetic resonance imaging system
SNIGIREV 013
using HTS rf SQUID
Detection and manipulation of
S-P
28 TARAS GOLOD Abrikosov vortices in mesoscopic
089
josephson junctions
The effective-field theory of the mixed
M-P
29 SALIH AKBUDAK Spin-1 and Spin-3/2 Ising Ferrimagnetic
145
System on a bilayer honeycomb lattice
Ferromagnetic resonance in double
M-P
30 ALIYE INTEPE perovskite La2NiMnO6 epitaxial thin
003
films
Room-temperature Ferromagnetisms in M-P
31 CENGIZ OKAY
Ni-implanted ZnO Thin Films 005
ASIYE GONCA Magnetic Resonance Studies of Co M-P
32
SALE Implanted BaTiO3 004
Electrodeposition and Study of Magnetic
DUMITRITA M-P
33 and Transport Properties of [Fe/Pt]n
PINZARU 024
Multilayers
ESR OF the paramagnetic centers
formed in 5,5 dimethyl-1,3-
M-P
34 ERDAL ARAS cyclohexanedione using gamma and UV-
123
rays, and investigation with simulation
technique
M-P
35 H. GHOLIZADE Ferromagnetism of electron gas
006
Paramagnetic to Ferromagnetic to
KHALAF ABDEL M-P
36 Reentrant Paramagnetic and spin-glass
AZEZ 012
behavior
Magnetic and Structural Properties of M-P
37 LAVINIA VLAD
Nanogranular Co/Zn-ZnO Films 013
Micrstructure Analysis of Co and Zn
MAMDOUH A. M-P
38 ferrites nanopowders by means of XRD,
AHMED 014
SEM and Mossbauer Spectroscopy
POSTER PRESENTATIONS
26 APRIL – MONDAY
BETWEEN 18:00-19:30 LOCATION : FOYER

Presenting Abstract
Presentation Title Code
Author
MEVLANA Studies on Surface Morphology, Structural
M-P
39 CELALETTIN and Magnetic Properties of
015
BAYKUL Electrodeposited NiFeCu/Cu Thin Films
Effect of Ca2+ substitution on Dielectric
MUHAMMAD M-P
40 and Electrical properties of barium M-type
ATHAIR 016
hexa-ferrites at room temperature
MUHAMMED Investigations of ZFS parameters for Fe3+ M-P
41
ACIKGOZ and Mn4+ ions in rutile TiO2 crystals 017
A Hybrid algorithm for the Identification of
NOUICER M-P
42 the Parameters of the Preisach Hysteresis
ABDELMADJID 019
Model
OZNUR The Effect of Electrolyte pH on M-P
43
KARAAGAC Electrodeposited Cobalt Films 020
Interlayer coupling in multilayer wedge
PATRIK systems studied by resonant reflectivity M-P
44
GRYCHTOL measurements in the extreme ultraviolet 022
range
Influence of Zn or Co seed layers on the
PETRONELA M-P
45 magnetotransport properties of [Co/Zn]
PASCARIU 021
multilayers
SEYMA AKKAYA Spin-2 ising model on the bilayer bethe M-P
46
DEVIREN lattice 027
Experimental determination of the Curie M-P
47 PETR VASEK
temperature in Ga(Mn)As 023
JAMIL Electronic structure calculations of M-P
48
KHALIFEH Fe3−xMnxSi heusler Alloy 131
Superspin Glass Like Memory Effects in Sol-
SHILPI M-P
49 Gel Derived La0.7Ca0.3MnO3
KARMAKAR 135
Nanomanganite
PRABHAT Effect of external perturbation on the
M-P
50 KUMAR nature of ferromagnetic transition in
133
MANDAL narrowband manganites
RACHID Magnetic and electronic properties of M-P
51
MASROUR semimagnetic semiconductors 134
ANJANA Neutron diffraction and magnetization M-P
52
DOGRA study of La0.7Ca0.3FeO3 130
Synthesis and characterization of
MAHARAM Z. perovskite like La2/3Ag1/2MnO3 thin films M-P
53
ZARBALIYEV produced on pyrex glass by sol-gel dip 132
coating method
Point contact Andreev reflection
ADAM DAVID SM-P
54 measurements on an exchange-biased spin
NAYLOR 001
valve
ALY MOHAMED Effect of Li substitution on the resistivity M-P
55
AHMED and magnetoresistance of LaMnOy 070
Magnetoresistance of the domain wall in a
M-P
56 ROYA MAJIDI magnetic nanowire in the presence of
071
pulsed magnetic field
The investigation of hysteresis properties
UMUT on metal-ferroelectric-semiconductor M-P
57
AYDEMIR structures by using capacitance-voltage (C- 127
V) measurements
Electrically tunabile transadmittance-mode ELA-P
58 M.A. IBRAHIM
lowpass and bandpass filter suitable…. 030
POSTER PRESENTATIONS
26 APRIL – MONDAY
BETWEEN 18:00-19:30 LOCATION : FOYER

Presenting Abstract
Presentation Title Code
Author
The orientation dependences of
TAHIRA HAZI M-P
59 magnetoresistance in compounds of
KERIMOVA 072
АV2BVI3 type
The dependence of tunneling
M-P
60 YEN FU HSIAO magnetoresistance on different device
073
area fabricated by self-aligned technique
Annealing effect on Au/SrTiO3/n-Si
M-P
61 ILKE TASCIOGLU structures prepared by RF magnetron
125
sputtering
Application of optimal filtering in
ELA-P
62 R.KHUSNUTDINOV multipulse NQR detection of the
015
nitrogen-based compounds
The dielectric characteristics of
M-P
63 SEDA BENGI Au/PVA/n-Si structure at various
126
temperature
Impact of CNT addition on
JAGDISH KUMAR S-P
64 superconducting critical parameters of
BAINS 007
Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8
Design of Low Phase Noise 3rd Order
DIARY R. ELA-P
65 Phase Locked Loops for Computer
SULAIMAN 023
Systems
The investigation of thermal and
CANAN AKSU magnetic properties and microstructure M-P
66
CANBAY analysis of Cu-Al-Mn shape memory 121
alloys
Field dependence of the orbital
MEHMET AKIF M-P
67 contribution to the magnetic moment of
SABANER 057
3d6 octahedral complexes
Influence of barrier width on values of
SM-P
68 PAWEL WOJCIK spin polarization measured by point
002
contact Andreev reflection
Magnetic Properties of Molecular Beam
JANUSZ ELA-P
69 Epitaxy Grown GaMnAs/GaAs and
SADOWSKI 019
MnAs/GaAs Nanowires
Anomalous Hall effect arising from the
ELA-P
70 Md. AL-AMIN injected spin current in nonmagnetic
020
semiconductors
Magneto-optical transmission
measurements of thin NbN S-P
71 M. SINDLER
superconducting films in Faraday and 084
Voigt orientation at THz frequencies
Investigation of mechanical properties of
ELA-P
72 UTKAN ALP RuSr2RECu2O8 (RE=Eu, Gd, Ho) bulk
022
superconductors with different models
ANTONIO S.T. Spin and Heat Transport in Low M-P
73
PIRES Dimensional Magnetic System 098
TN shift of Mott insulator MnS induced M-P
74 G.M.ABRAMOVA
by Fe-substitution 099
Magnetic ordering anisotropy in
M-P
75 JENH -YIH JUANG epitaxial orthorhombic multiferroic
100
HoMnO3 thin films
POLINA M-P
76 Magnetic properties of YTiO3
AGZAMOVA 111
POSTER PRESENTATIONS
26 APRIL – MONDAY
BETWEEN 18:00-19:30 LOCATION : FOYER

Presenting Abstract
Presentation Title Code
Author
MAHBOOBE Zero-temperature study of the
M-P
77 SHABANI Anisotropic Tetrameric Spin-1/2 Chain in
102
ARBOSARA a transverse magnetic field
MOSTAFA One-dimensional quantum compass M-P
78
MOTAMEDIFAR model in an out-plane magnetic field 103
MOUSSA Electronic structure of new RENiAsO (RE
M-P
79 MOHAMED EL = Rare Earth Elements) compounds: Ab
104
AMINE initio spin-density functional theory
A novel plateau in the magnetization
M. SHAHRI M-P
80 curve of the the alternating Heisenberg
NASERI 101
Chain
Structural, magnetic and electrical
M-P
81 NEILA DHAHRI properties of La0.67Pb0.33Mn1-
105
xCoxO3(0≤x≤0.3)
Products of Landau and Plane Wave
M-P
82 ORION CIFTJA Functions for even-denominator
106
quantum hall states
ROGHAYYEH Low-dimentional gapped Spin-1/2 M-P
83
NEMATI systems in a transverse magnetic field 107
ILKNUR Effective Surface Resistance of S-P
84
OZGUR HAMZA Superconductors: Numerical Simulation 121
The electronic and magnetic properties
ZAHRA M-P
85 of half-metal type MnFe2Co2-xSi
NOURBAKHSH 129
(withx=0,0.25,0.5,0.75 and 1) alloys
Adjustment of doping level of as-grown
YASEMIN S-P
86 Bi2212 single crystals for the generation
DEMIRHAN 014
of terahertz radiation
Doping-dependent phase diagram of Ca-
S-P
87 YU-JEN CHEN doped YBCO observed by femtosecond
015
spectroscopy
Josephson effect in point contacts
Y. SERGEEVICH S-P
88 between different two-band
YERIN 017
superconductors
Ultrafast dynamics in optimally doped
YU -TING S-P
89 YBa2Cu3O7-δ observed with white light
WANG 016
pump-probe spectroscopy
c-axis tunneling of round mesas in high
S-P
90 ZEYNEP MERIC temperature superconductors for
018
terahertz emission
MOUMITA Anisotrpic magnetocaloric effect in M-P
91
PATRA single crystalline Pr0.48Sr0.52MnO3 116
Impurity-related local density-of-states
TADASHI modulation in Bi2Sr2Ca(Cu1-xZnx)2O8+δ S-P
92
MACHIDA probed by scanning tunneling 013
spectroscopy
HESHMAT Specific heat of spin-polarized Fermi S-P
93
YAVARI superfluid in the BEC region 025
The influence of magnetic stray field on
JAN S-P
94 the critical current in NbN/SmCo5-
ENGELMANN 008
bilayers
Transition temperature and
HESHMAT S-P
95 superconducting energy gap of single-
YAVARI 113
wall carbon nanotubes
POSTER PRESENTATIONS
26 APRIL – MONDAY
BETWEEN 18:00-19:30 LOCATION : FOYER

Presenting Abstract
Presentation Title Code
Author
Andreev reflection and granular
JOSE BARZOLA superconductivity features observed in SM-P
96
QUIQUIA mesoscopic samples using amorphous 003
tungsten carbide superconductors
PRASANNA Superconductivity in La1.84Sr0.16CuO4 / S-P
97
KUMAR ROUT La1.48Nd0.4Sr0.12CuO4 bilayers 096
Spin-glass features in magnetic and
VLADIMIR M-P
98 transport properties of La0.8Ca0.2MnO3
MARKOVICH 109
nanoparticles
A. IVANOVNA Magnetic properties of system La1- M-P
98
RYKOVA xSmxMnO3 at low temperature 110
Mössbauer and magneto caloric effect M-P
99 IL JIN PARK
for La0.7Ca0.3Mn0.9957Fe0.01O3 113
CHUL SUNG The magnetic properties for europium M-P
100
KIM doped BiFeO3 114
VALERY Stimulation of superconductivity in
SM-P
101 EVSTAFIEVITCH submolecular structures with weak
009
GRISHIN josephson junction
The YBa2Cu3O7-based film with defect
OLGA S-P
102 comprised of self-assembled
BOYTSOVA 124
nanoinclusions
Crossed Andreev Reflection in Nanoscale SM-P
103 JAMES WEBB
Ferromagnet-Superconductor Devices 006
Pure spin current injection into a SM-P
104 KOHEI OHNISHI
superconducting wire 007
Investigations of radar absorbing activity
HUSNUGUL M-P
105 of barium hexaferrite reinforced
YIMAZ ATAY 155
polymer composite coatings
Matching effects and hysteretic
GABRIELA SM-P
106 response in superconducting films with
PASQUINI 004
arrays of magnetic nanodots
Effect of Magnetic Ordering of HoNi5 on
GYANENDRA SM-P
107 Superconducting Transition of NbN in
SINGH 005
NbN-HoNi5 Bilayers
L. d–d excitations and charge ordering in LS
108
SIMONELLI La5/3Sr1/3NiO4 005
Oxygen vacancy induced room
R.K. M-P
109 temperature ferromagnetism in Co
SINGHAL 157
doped TiO2
Electron Density Lattices of Ultrashort
ELA-P
110 ELENA GALKINA Period in Models Described by
028
the Hubbard Hamiltonian
SAIDUR Effect of the frozen magnetic flux on the
SM-P
111 RAHMAN electrical transport characteristics of
008
BAKAUL superconductor-ferromagnet junction
AAO template-assisted fabrication of Nb S-P
112 N TASALTIN
nanohillock arrays 027
Effect of nickel doping on the magneto-
M.M. M-P
113 transport properties of Sm0.55Sr0.45MnO3
ABDEL-HADI 158
manganites
Chaotic Properties and its applications in M-P
114 ARPITA DAS
nonlinear magnetized plasma system 160
POSTER PRESENTATIONS
27 APRIL – TUESDAY
BETWEEN 18:00-19:30 LOCATION : FOYER
Abstr
Presenting
Presentation Title act
Author Code
Performance optimization of
ROBERT LSA-P
1 ROSSMANITH
superconducting undulators with nested
025
HTSC loops
Cryogen-free 23 T superconducting magnet
KAZUO LSA-P
2 WATANABE
employing YBa2Cu3O7 coated conductor
001
insert coil
Optimization of a gap between pancake
MYUNGHUN LSA-P
3 KANG
windings in a superconducting magnet by
006
using Response Surface Method
Properties of a BSCCO superconducting
MYUNGHWAN LSA-P
4 KU
magnet with an gap between pancake
007
windings
A ferromagnetic shimming method for
NMR/MRI magnets adopting two consecutive LSA-P
5 SANGJIN LEE
optimizing techniques: Linear programming 008
and evolution strategy
Pulse field magnetization of a 75 YBCO bulks LSA-P
6 WEI XIAN
surface mounted rotor of HTS motor 009
Magnetooptic characterization of
LEV M-P
7 DOROSINSKII
microstructured FePt and CoPd thin films for
048
quantitative magnetic force microscopy
Monte Carlo study of the magnetic behavior M-P
8 AHMED ZAIM
of a ferrimagnetic nanoparticle Ising model 049
DMITRY Size-Dependent Magnetic and Structural M-P
9 MOGILYANSKY Properties of La0.8Ca0.2CoO3 Nanoparticles 050
Determination of covalency effect in some M-P
10 FİKRET IŞIK
nearly perfect octahedral Co2+ complexes 051
Synthesis of Iron-oxide Nanoparticles at M-P
11 HAKAN KOÇKAR
Different Temperatures 052
Phase Identification of Nanocrystalline La-
M-P
12 ILKER KUCUK Doped Hard Magnetic Barium Hexaferrite
053
using Artificial Neural Network
Magnetic Field Effect on Growth of M-P
13 JAEUN YOO
Ferromagnetic Thin Films and Nano Clusters 054
Structure and magnetic properties of
KHALIL M-P
14 GHEISARI
nanocrystalline Fe–50% Ni alloys produced by
055
mechanical alloying
L. PAVLOVNA Effects of the interacting nanoparticles M-P
15 OLKHOVIK BaFe12O19 056
PAWAN
Room temperature ferromagnetic ordering in M-P
16 KUMAR
lanthanum substituted nano cobalt ferrite 058
SHARMA
Understanding the role of EGBE solvent in the
M-P
17 SEDA BEYAZ thermal decompositon of iron-oleate: From
059
low to high oleic acid concentration
Structure, electronic and magnetic properties
M-P
18 SEPIDE IZADI of nanolayer and bulk of MnCo2Si and
060
MnFeCoSi compounds
Synthesis and magnetic properties of Mn12
VALERIA S. single-molecule magnet M-P
19 ZAGAYNOVA Mn12O12(O2CC6H4CN(-p))16(H2O)4 with 061
enhanced magnetic anisotropy
POSTER PRESENTATIONS
27 APRIL – TUESDAY
BETWEEN 18:00-19:30 LOCATION : FOYER
Abstr
Presenting
Presentation Title act
Author Code
Synthesis, structure and magnetic properties M-P
20 WEI LU
of FePt nanoparticles 062
Preparation, Growth, and Magnetic
YASEMIN M-P
21 AKTAS
properties of Al doped ZnMgAlO
063
nanopowders and thin films
Magnetic heating in nanoparticles La1- M-P
22 ZDENEK JIRAK
xSrxMnO3 064
Size effect on magnetic stability of M-P
23 SAHIN AKTAS
nanoparticles 141
Magnetic properties of Mn0.6Ni0.4Fe2O4
MUHAMMED M-P
24 TAN
nanoparticles synthesized by PEG assisted
144
hydrothermal method
SYED KHURSHID Magnetism in oxide nanoparticles: Size and M-P
25 HASANAIN oxygen vacancy effects 142
Impact of Mn substitution at Ru site in
S-P
26 ANUJ KUMAR RuSr2(Eu1.4Ce0.6)Cu2O10-δ magneto-
112
superconductor
The next generation Thermally Actuated Flux S-P
27 YU YAN
pump for High Temperature Superconductors 092
TUBA G. Synthesis and magnetic characterization of M-P
28 ALTINCEKIC CuFe2O4 nanorods by Polyol Method 026
TUBA G. Polyol synthesis of PVP – Mn3O4 M-P
29 ALTINCEKIC nanocomposite 025
Influence of magnetic field to dielectric
properties of nanocomposites on the base of M-P
30 RASIM ALI ZADE
magnetite nanoparticles and polymer 032
matrices: Collagen, polystyrene
Comparative study for magnetic properties of M-P
31 KISUNG KWAK
ferromagnetic bulks, films and nano clusters 066
MATHIAS M-P
32 WEILER
Spin mechanics with surface acoustic waves
067
Role of defects on domain wall propagation in
VALENTINA M-P
33 ZHUKOVA
magnetically bistable glass-covered
069
microwires
VIKTOR S. M-P
34 GERASIMCHUK
Motion of domain walls in crossed fields
068
GEORGY Multi-frequency Nuclear Quadrupole M-P
35 MOZZHUKHIN Resonance 152
NORA The transport properties of Bi-2212 ELA-P
36 BOUSSOUF superconducting doped by Mg 014
Magnetic characterization of SiC doped bulk S-P
37 DIDEM BUMIN
MgB2 superconductor 052
S-P
38 ERCAN ERTEKİN Carbon addition in Bulk MgB2
050
The magnetic and structural properties of SiC-
S-P
39 TUĞBA DİLEK doped MgB2 bulks prepared by the standard
053
ceramic processing
AHMED FATEHI AC Magnetic Susceptibility of MgB2 Samples S-P
40 SALEM Doped with Al 068
Impact of Sintering Temperature on
ARPITA S-P
41 VAJPAYEE
Superconducting Properties of n-SiC added
060
Bulk MgB2 Superconductor
POSTER PRESENTATIONS
27 APRIL – TUESDAY
BETWEEN 18:00-19:30 LOCATION : FOYER
Presenting Abstract
Presentation Title Code
Author
Ambiance Dependent Influence of Heavily
BHAVESH S-P
42 BHARAT SINHA
Blended Mg on MgB2 Samples Synthesized
061
by Solid State Synthesis Technique
Synthesis and characterization of MgB2
S-P
43 DENIZ YAKINCI thin films prepared by 2.4 MHz ultrasonic
104
spray pyrolysis system
Thickness dependence of critical current
S-P
44 DENIZ YAKINCI density in MgB2 films prepared by thermal
103
evaporation method
MgB2 thin films prepared in situ by using
DOGAN S-P
45 ABUKAY
pulsed laser deposition technique and
067
characterization
Fabrication of MgB2 Thin Films on MgO
EZGI TAYLAN S-P
46 KOPARAN
Substrace by Electron Beam Evapuration
069
Technique and Superconducting Properties
LAURA Mitigation of magnetic fields by MgB2 bulk S-P
47 GOZZELINO samples of different geometries 063
MOHAMED Surface characterization of MgB2 and AlB2 S-P
48 FAIZ by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy 064
Effect of substrates on superconducting
MURAT S-P
49 OZABACI
properties of MgB2 thick films fabricated
065
by spraying method
Calculation of the β-material for bulk MgB2 S-P
50 NUSRET GUCLU
superconductor 066
AHMED FATEHI Reversible and irreversible properties of S-P
51 SALEM MgB2 Samples Doped with Al 119
Empirical critical current density model for
JONNA MAARIT S-O
52 VILJAMAA
undoped monofilamentary Ti-sheathed
115
MgB2 tapes
MILOSLAV Superconducting properties of MgB2/Ti S-O
53 KULICH wires with oxidized precursors 116
SERGEY New methods for creation of large- M-P
54 USHERENKO dimension electrical composite materials 147
VLADIMIR Losses in coated conductors under non- LSA-P
55 SOKOLOVSKIY sinusoidal currents and magnetic fields 002
AC loss evaluation of MgB2
KAZUHIRO superconducting windings located in a S-P
56 KAJIKAWA stator core slot with a finite element 073
method
AC Loss of a Multi-layer per Phase Tri-axial
AHMET NURI LSA-P
57 OZCIVAN
HTS Cable with Balanced Current
010
Distribution
Measurement and separation of magnetic
ANABELA
losses at room and cryogenic temperature LSA-P
58 GONCALVES
for three types of steels used in HTS 020
PRONTO
transformers
Development of a simplified biaxially
RONALD LSA-P
59 GARTNER
textured buffer architecture based on
005
IBAD-TiN for coated conductor applications
Studies of textured La2Zr2O7 buffer layers LSA-P
60 LUTFI ARDA
for YBCO coated conductors 004
DONG CHUL Design of Improve Matrix Type SFCL with 1 LSA-P
61 CHUNG x 3 Matrix Module and 2 x 3 Matrix Module 013
POSTER PRESENTATIONS
27 APRIL – TUESDAY
BETWEEN 18:00-19:30 LOCATION : FOYER
Presenting Abstract
Presentation Title Code
Author
Current distribution in YBCO coated
MAKOTO LSA-P
62 TSUDA
conductors of a toroidal coil composed of
014
multiple pancake coils
Design of ferromagnetic parts in practical
MICHAL LSA-P
63 VOJENCIAK
high temperature superconductor
015
applications
HTS SMES applied for the frequency
LSA-P
64 MINWON PARK stabilization of wind power generation
016
system
A finite element analysis on the magnetic
NASRI A. LSA-P
65 HAMID
flux distribution of a synchronous DC
017
superconducting electric motor
Superconductor losses and damping effects
at zero field cooling and field cooling LSA-P
66 PAULO BRANCO
conditions in a HTSC-magnet levitation 018
system
SEUNGKYU 3 dimensional electromagnetic analysis of LSA-P
67 BAIK a superconducting homopolar motor 021
Development of new superconducting fault
YONG -SUN LSA-P
68 CHO
current limiter integrated into the power
019
transformer
DIARY R. Microprocessor Temperature and Power LSA-P
69 SULAIMAN Management Using DTM-DVS Technique 024
Dependence of a percolation threshold on
ADLER M-P
70 GAMZATOV
concentration potassium in La1-xKxMnO3
092
manganites
Temperature dependence of transport
AYAZ ARIF M-P
71 KHAN
properties of Co-Fe-B/MgO/Co-Fe-B
093
magnetic tunnel junctions
Perpendicular magnetic anisotropy of M-P
72 HAEIN YIM
amorphous CoSiB/Pt multilayers 094
Study of TCR/MR responses of
La0.7Ca0.2Ba0.1MnO3+Ag and
RAHUL M-P
73 TRIPATHI
La0.7Ca0.2Sr0.1MnO3+Ag compounds: A
146
promising candidate for infrared/magnetic
sensing devices
ALEXANDER M-P
74 GOIKMAN
Magnetic properties of Fe/Fe3O4 bilayers
153
High temperature DC-magnetization
SUDESH M-P
75 SHARMA
investigation on pure and 5 at% Cobalt
154
incorporated TiO2
The effect of substrate and annealing
RAMAZAN M-P
76 TOPKAYA
temperatures on magnetic properties of
097
Cu2MnAl Heusler Alloy films
Nonlinear electrical transport through the
KALYANASHIS M-P
77 DE
grain boundary tunneling in La-deficient
095
compound La0.9Mn0.9Co0.1O3
Giant tunneling magnetoresistance at
SORIN IULIAN M-P
78 TANASE
room temperature in Al/Co-Ni-N granular
096
thin films
A different calcination process to prepare
A.AMIRABADIZ S-P
79 ADEH
polycrystalline Bi-based superconductor
102
with improved Bi(2223) phase
POSTER PRESENTATIONS
27 APRIL – TUESDAY
BETWEEN 18:00-19:30 LOCATION : FOYER
Presenting Abstract
Presentation Title Code
Author
Nano-sized spherical MgB2
EYYUPHAN superconducting powder fabrication using S-P
80 YAKINCI MHz range ultrasonic spray pyrolysis (USP) 105
system
Effects of in-situ and ex-situ heat
treatment procedures on the transport
EYYUPHAN S-P
81 YAKINCI
properties of the MgB2 superconducting
106
thin films fabricated by ultrasonic spray
pyrolysis
ALEXANDR A Vortex pairs in inhomogeneous S-P
82 KOSTIKOV superconductors films 001
ANITA Transport properties of over-doped S-P
83 GUARINO epitaxial NCCO films 002
Structural and transport properties of
different doping states induced by varying S-P
84 AUREL V POP
oxygen in Bi2Sr2Ca2 (Cu0.99Zn0.01)2O 6+d 003
thin film
Characterization of YBCO Thin Film by AC S-P
85 SERIFE TOZAN
susceptibility measurements 011
Characterization of Lu Doped YBCO thin
S-P
86 SIRVAN SEZER films prepared by Pulsed Laser Deposition
012
in situ Tecnique (PLD)
Effect of Vanadium-Titanium co-doping on S-P
87 BEKIR OZCELIK
the BPSCCO Superconductor 100
Effect of high valancy cations on the S-P
88 BEKIR OZCELIK
(BiPb)2Sr2Ca3Cu4O12+δ compounds 101
Improvement of high Tc phase formation in
S-P
89 DUYGU YAZICI BPSCCO superconductor by adding
098
Vanadium and Titanium
EL HARBI Properties of the YBaCuO superconducting S-P
90 BOUDJEMA ceramic doped by Ca and Co 005
Improved critical current densities in
S-P
91 ASIS SARKAR YBa2Cu3O7-d multilayer films interspaced
077
with Palladium nanodots
ATLE JORSTAD Intermittent flux penetration in YBCO on S-P
92 QVILLER miscut substrates 078
A Model for Temperature Effect on
S-P
93 FEDAI INANIR Levitation Force of High-Temperature
079
Superconductors
Structural and electrical characterization of
ASGHARI M-P
94 MAQSOOD
Ni-Co Nanoferrites, Fabricated by Co-
128
precipitation route
Fabrication of artificial anisotropic pinning
OLEKSANDR V. S-P
95 DOBROVOLSKIY
structures in thin niobium films sputtered
087
onto sapphire substrates
Detailed elaboration method and magnetic S-P
96 SAMIR KHENE
study of nano-metrical YBCO/YIG system 086
LEONID
Surface impedance in inhomogeneous S-P
97 VASILYEVICH
superconductors in mixed state 081
BELEVTSOV
Quantum oscillations and the effect of spin
A.I. SM-P
98 COLDEA
fluctuations on the ground state of a
011
frustrated antiferromagnetic metal
POSTER PRESENTATIONS
27 APRIL – TUESDAY
BETWEEN 18:00-19:30 LOCATION : FOYER
Presenting Abstract
Presentation Title Code
Author
Grain structure and irreversibility line
MARIA RAMOS of bronze route Nb3Sn S-P
99
SANDIM superconducting multifilamentary 082
wire
Quasimultilayers of YBa2Cu3O7−x and S-P
100 MARIA SPARING
gas-phase condensated nanoparticles 083
Influence of the AC current on the
OLEKSANDR V. S-P
101 nonlinear DC resistive response in a
DOBROVOLSKIY 085
tilted washboard pinning potential
A model for temperature effect on
S-P
102 SUKRU YILDIZ levitation force of high-temperature
079
superconductors
A comparative study of peak effect in S-P
103 SUKRU YILDIZ
microwave surface resistance 088
Combination of Ag substrate
decoration and BaZrO3 nano- S-P
104 VAN SON DANG
inclusions for enhancing critical 090
current density of YBa2Cu3O7 films
Flux pinning in nanostructured YBCO
S-P
105 VICTOR ROUCO films grown by chemical solution
091
deposition
Fabrication and superconducting
properties of ex-situ processed S-P
106 ERSIN YUCEL
MgB2/Fe/Cu multifilament wires 062
without any intermediate annealing
Modification in Many-layers
EVGENII
YBCO(123) Tapes under the Action of LSA-P
107 IVANOVICH
Irradiation by High Energy Electron 022
DEMIKHOV
and Heavy Ion Beams
New type of low loss MgB2 wires –
LSA-P
108 LAURI ROSTILA First sight to hysteretic AC losses with
023
numerical simulations
The Zr-doped REBCO Films Grown by LSA-P
109 ISIL BIRLIK
TFA-MOD Method 003
Nanostructural high-pressure
S-P
110 T.PRIKHNA synthesized MgB2-based materials
109
with extremely high SC performance
Behavior of trapping flux from minor
S-P
111 JINCANG ZHANG hysteresis loops in superconducting
019
Y0.928Pr0.072Ba2Cu3O7-x single crystal
Tunneling conductance in two-
dimensional electron gas/d-wave S-P
112 P. PAIROR
superconductor junctions with Rashba 028
spin-orbit coupling
Magneto-resistance, thermal
conductivity, thermoelectric power
S-P
113 ASHOK RAO and specific heat of superconductor
031
Gd0.95Pr0.05Ba2Cu3-x MxOy (M= Fe,
Mn, Zn and Ni)
A.F. Magnetic characterization of home M-P
114
MOUSTAFA made strontium hexaferrite 159
Spin and phase Dynamics in S-P
115 M.APRILI
ferromagnetic Josephson junctions 125
POSTER PRESENTATIONS
29 APRIL – THURSDAY
BETWEEN 18:00-19:30 LOCATION : FOYER
Presenting Abstract
Presentation Title Code
Author
CARLA Superconductor-Insulator Transition and
ELA-P
1 CARBONELL Matching Effects in Nanoperforated thin TiN
004
CORTES Films
Structure and properties of TiAlN and
ELA-P
2 LING CHEN TiAlN/TiN films produced by magnetic filter
005
assisted cathodic arc vapor deposition
Magnetic and electrical properties of
MOHAMED S-P
3 MAHTALI
superconducting ceramic YBa2Cu307-δ co-
009
doped by Ca and Zn
KI-SEOG Structural and Optical Characteristics of S-P
4 CHANG ZnS/CdS Thin Films 114
SELCUK Magnetic properties of the MnB boride by M-P
5 KERVAN density functional theory 119
BEKIR Physical properties of Sm1-xGdxNi4B M-P
6 OZCELIK compounds 118
BEKIR Physical Properties of Sm1-xTbxNi4B M-P
7 OZCELIK compounds 030
WONCHOON M-P
8 LEE
c-axis anisotropy of ErNi2B2C single crystal
118
Structural and transport properties of Bi(Pb)-
ABDERREZAK S-P
9 AMIRA
2212 superconductors doped by low content
029
of yttrium
ARTJOM Effect of interband interaction on the thermal S-P
10 VARGUNIN fluctuations in two-band superconductors 030
S-P
11 W.C. LEE c-axis anisotropy of ErNi2B2C single crystal
028
AYSE BELKIS The Effect of Lu Doping on Y1- S-P
12 KARCI xLuxBa2Cu3O7-δ Superconductors 032
Magnetic Levitation of YBaCuO
CAFER MERT S-P
13 YESILKANAT
Superconductor Prepared by Top Seeded
033
Melt Growth Process
EKATERINE
Physical- Mechanical Properties of Y 1-2-3 S-P
14 ENUKI
Superconductor Ceramics Doped by Gallium 034
SANAIA
Excess conductivity studies in
FATEN BEN S-P
15 AZZOUZ
Zn0.95Mn0.05O and ZnO added YBa2Cu3Oy
035
superconductors
Influence of pelletization pressure on the
FIKRET nanomechanical behavior of TlCaBaCuO S-P
16 YILMAZ superconductor 048

A model for nucleation-crystallization in the


OLCAY S-P
17 KIZILASLAN
glass-ceramic Bi2Sr2Ca2Cu3O10+d
040
superconducting system
Influence of diffusion-annealing temperature
OZGUR S-P
18 OZTURK
on the physico-mechanical properties of Au-
051
doped Bi-2223 superconductors
Oxidation Behaviour of Bi(Pb,Ga) SrCaCuO S-P
19 YAKUP BALCI
System 049
Development of high performance (RE)BCO
HARI BABU S-P
20 NADENDLA
bulk nanocomposites for high field
111
engineering applications
POSTER PRESENTATIONS
29 APRIL – THURSDAY
BETWEEN 18:00-19:30 LOCATION : FOYER
Presenting Abstract
Presentation Title Code
Author
Milling effect of Y2BaCuO5 precursor
powder with 1 wt.% CeO2 addition on the
ASIF S-P
21 MAHMOOD
critical current density of liquid infiltration
117
growth processed YBa2Cu3O7-y bulk
superconductors
Influence of Ce substitution on
superconducting properties of S-P
22 RECEP OZTURK
Bi2Sr2Ca2Cu3O10+x Material Fabricated 022
by Glass-Ceramic Technique
New superconducting Tl-based 1212
ABDUSSALLAM S-P
23 N ELDEWIK
cuprates containing Selenium, (Tl1-x Sex)
120
Sr2Ca Cu2 O7- δ
Effect of Yb211 doping on the critical
S-P
24 KEMAL OZTURK current Jc and susceptibility of (Sm123)1-
036
x(Yb211)x bulk superconductor
Magnetoresistive effect in polycrystalline
MOHAMED S-P
25 BEN SALEM
1-2-3 YBaCuO embedded with nano-
037
YBaCuO particles
MOHAMED Effect of Zn doping on magnetic and
S-P
26 FAYCAL structural properties of Bi(Pb)2223 ceramic
038
MOSBAH superconductors
Low field AC susceptibility study of YBCO S-P
27 NUSRET GUCLU
prepared by Top Seeded Melt Growth 039
RAMADAN
Magnetorsisance studies of (Bi,Pb)-2223 S-P
28 KAHAMIS
added SnO2-nano Oxide 041
AWAD
JOSE ERINALDO Continuous Models for Two-Dimensional M-P
29 FONSECA Spin Ice 042
Levitation force density in different
thicknesses of YBa2Cu3O7-x bulk S-P
30 SEZAI KUTUK
superconductor fabricated by FQMG 044
Process
Microstructure study in different
S-P
31 SEZAI KUTUK thicknesses of disc shaped YBa2Cu3O7-x
046
prepared by FQMG method
SHERIF GAMAL Thermal analysis studies of (Bi, Pb)-2223 /
S-P
32 MOHMAED linear low density polyethylene composite
047
ELSHARKAWY materials
SHIVA K. Superconductivity and solubility of Co ion S-P
33 KUMAR in Cu(BaSr)2YCu2O7-δ 043
Formulation of the experimental levitation
S-P
34 SUKRU CELIK force results of the (Sm123)1-x(Yb211)x
045
superconductor samples
Size effect of insulating nano-inclusions in
NAHED S-P
35 MOUTALBI
Y-Ba-Cu-O bulk superconductors fabricated
123
by seeded infiltration growth
A.K.M. A. Superconductivity in Undoped Diamond- S-P
36 ISLAM like BC3 Phase 118
MIKHAYLO
Superconductivity of molybdenum with S-P
37 OLEGOVICH
surface carbided 054
DZYUBA
Fabrication and characterization of YBCO
M. ELA-P
38 FARDMANESH
thin films prepared by
033
non-fluorine metal-organic method
POSTER PRESENTATIONS
29 APRIL – THURSDAY
BETWEEN 18:00-19:30 LOCATION : FOYER
Presenting Abstract
Presentation Title Code
Author
SONIA DE Investigations for the growth of large
S-P
39 ALMEIDA underdoped Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+d single crystals
115
DIDRY and neutron scattering measurements
A.V. Quantum limit of electron refrigeration in ELA-P
40 TIMOFEEV superconducting - normal metal structures 006
EUGENIO ELA-P
41 MONTICONE
Ti/Au TESs For Single Photon Detection
008
Radiation hardness of nanostructured
ROBERTO ELA-P
42 GERBALDO
YBa2Cu3O7 film-based detectors operating in
007
harsh environments
OZER Portative time-domain NMR device for ELA-P
43 ONEREN testing various substances 027
Low frequency Characterization Setup for
ELA-P
44 YASIN GENC Superconductor Digital Circuits Based on a
026
Closed Cycle Refrigerator System
Design of a 4-bit Time to Digital Converter
ELA-P
45 YIGIT TUKEL Circuit for Use in a Superconducting Flash
025
Analog-Digital Converter
Analysis of a new architecture of
PASCAL superconducting analog-to-digital converters ELA-P
46 FEBVRE for improved resolution and large dynamic 009
range
Design of Relaxation Oscillator Based Ultra-
BILGIDAY ELA-P
47 YUCE
wideband SFQ Amplifier for the X-ray
002
Sensitive Detector Array
VALERY Nonlinear TE and TM –polarized guided
S-P
48 EVSTAFIEVIT waves in coplanar superlattice transmission
107
CH GRISHIN lines
Antiferromagnetic thickness impact on the
M-P
49 GUIXIN CAO exchange bias field in FM/AFM bilayers
040
system
HAMID J1 − J2 anti-ferromagnetic quantum M-P
50 MOSADEQ Heisenberg model on honeycomb lattice 041
BAHRUZ
Magnetic phase transition in generalized M-P
51 RASHID
inhomogeneous ‘cubic’ systems 140
GADJIEV
Levitation force properties in different
SENOL cooling conditions of (Sm123)1-x(Yb211)x S-P
52 AKBULUT bulk superconductor fabricated by MPMG 042
Process
Three-magnon bound states in exactly rung- M-P
53 P.N. BIBIKOV
dimerized spin ladders 043
Novel spin correlations, fractionalisation in
SAPTARSHI Kitaev Model and emergent Fermionic and M-P
54 MANDAL Bosonic excitations in a generalized Kitaev 044
model
The effect of demagnetizing loop squareness
MUHAMMA
on high temperature magnetic properties of M-P
55 D FAISAL
Sm (CobalFe0.1Cu0.1Zr0.033) 6.93 047
RATHORE
permanent magnets
Chemical solution deposition of YBa2Cu3O7-δ
S-P
56 G.E. JANG thin films on STO substrates with Au
075
nanoparticles
POSTER PRESENTATIONS
29 APRIL – THURSDAY
BETWEEN 18:00-19:30 LOCATION : FOYER
Presenting Abstract
Presentation Title Code
Author
SELCUK Molecular field theory analysis of TbCo3-xCux M-P
57 KERVAN compounds 046
Surfactant-assisted milling of Gd-Ge-Si flake-
PAUL M-P
58 McGUINESS
like nanoparticles for composite
156
magnetocaloric elements
The magnetic properties of the spin-1 Ising
ABDELMAJID M-P
59 AINANE
System with the effect of the transverse
001
crystal field
ABDELMAJID Effects of biaxial crystal-field on the magnetic M-P
60 AINANE properties on a spin-1 Ising system 002
XRD, AC susceptibility and DSC studies of M-P
61 AHMET KILIC
NdMn2-2xNixGe2 compounds 122
Dynamic phase transitions in the kinetic
BAYRAM mixed Spin-1/2 and Spin-5/2 Ising Model M-P
62 DEVIREN under a time-dependent oscillating magnetic 028
field
The (kBTc/J, K/J) phase diagram for the D/J=1
M-P
63 AYSE DURAN on the four dimensional Blume-Emery-
029
Griffiths (BEG) Model
HASAN Magnetic behavior of Polycarbosilazane –CoII,
M-P
64 MOHAMAD -CoIII and mixed valence –CoII-III chloride
007
EL GHANEM metallopolymers
Computational Modelling of Glass Forming
M-P
65 ILKER KUCUK Ability and Critical Diameter of Magnetic Bulk
009
Amorphous Alloys
Effects of Mo and W on Soft Magnetic
M-P
66 ILKER KUCUK Properties of Melt-Spun Fe-Co-B-Si-Mo-W
010
Amorphous Ribbons
KALENGAY Structural and Magnetic properties of (Sn, M-P
67 MBELA Mn)-CrFe compounds 011
VLADIMIR Positive and negative magnetocaloric effect
M-P
68 SOKOLOVSKI in Heusler Ni50Mn34In16 shape memory
090
Y alloy: Monte Carlo study
The magnetic behavior and physical
YILDIRIM M-P
69 AYDOGDU
characterization of Cu-Mn-Al ferromagnetic
031
shape memory alloy
ATSUSHI Design and Fabrication of Superconducting ELA-P
70 SAITO Transmit Filter using Gd-Ba-Cu-O Bulks 016
GIANLUCA Switching response of MgB2 thin-film ELA-P
71 GHIGO microwave resonators 017
Superconducting filter and module for deep ELA-P
72 TAO ZUO
space network in China 018
ABDALLA
Effect of anisotropy and particle – particle M-P
73 AHMAD
interaction in one dimensional trimer model 074
OBEIDAT
Magnetic and magnetoelectric properties of
ALDULKARIM M-P
74 A AMIROV
multiferroic composites хPb(Ti0,53Zr0,47)O3
076
– (1-х)Mn0,4Zn0,6Fe2O4
AKHMED
Thermal and Magnetocaloric properties of A- M-P
75 BATDALOVIC
site ordered manganites 075
H BATDALOV
The Role of A-Site Cation Variance in Deciding
ARCHANA M-P
76 SRIVASTAVA
the Thermal and Elastic Properties of Half
077
Doped Perovskite Manganites
POSTER PRESENTATIONS
29 APRIL – THURSDAY
BETWEEN 18:00-19:30 LOCATION : FOYER
Presenting Abstract
Presentation Title Code
Author
Normal state electronic properties under
SERDAR S-P
77 ALTIN
applied magnetic fields of whiskers fabricated
024
by Bi, Ga and Sb doping
Improvement of Magnetic and Structural
CENGIZ M-P
78 BIRLIKSEVEN
Properties of Some Ferric Compounds with
079
Boron Addition
HUSEYIN Sonochemical Synthesis and Characterization M-P
79 SOZERI of Mn3O4 Nanoparticles 081
IVAN Magnetostructural Phase Separation in M-P
80 BOBRIKOV R0.5Sr0.5MnO3 082
Polaron Dynamics and Coherent Acoustic
Phonons in La0.45Ca0.55MnO3 Thin Films M-P
81 K.H. WU
Studied by Ultrafast Pump-Probe 083
Spectroscopy
LONG YI Ultrafast dynamics in (111) BiFeO3 thin films M-P
82 CHEN observed by femtosecond spectroscopy 084
Microstructure and magnetic properties of
M-P
83 LUTFI ARDA multiferroic ErCoO3 nanoparticles and thin
085
films
NEERAJ Sintering Time Effect on Dielectric and M-P
84 KUMAR Magnetic Properties of BiFeO3 086
The investigation of isothermal entropy and
VASILIY
adiabatic temperature changes of Heusler M-P
85 BUCHELNIKO
Ni2.18Mn0.82Ga alloy by Monte Carlo 089
V
simulations
Novel and original features on the model M-P
86 B. DKHIL
multiferroic BiFeO3 under strain effects 148
H.
Superconductivity in Pd17Se15 as contrasted S-P
87 RANGANATH
with Rh17S15 070
NAREN
ABUZER Some transport properties of high S-P
88 YAMAN temperature superconductors 023
ROBERTO Superconductivity and magnetism in In2O3- S-P
89 ESCUDERO ZnO observed in bulk and nano-samples 072
MIKHAIL Microwave Surface Impedance of κ-(BEDT- S-P
90 TRUNIN TTF)2Cu[N(CN)2]Br Single Crystals 122
ELENA A. Magneto-Optical Investigations of Magnetism M-P
91 GAN’SHINA in Diluted Magnetic Oxides TiO2-d:Co 151
BALASAHEB Ferromagnetism in Carbon doped Zinc Oxide M-P
92 J. NAGARE Systems 150
AKHMED Direct Measurements of Magnetocaloric
M-P
93 MAGOMEDO Effect in Mn50Ni40In10 and Ni50Mn37Sn13
136
VICH ALIEV melt spun ribbons
Spin-reorientation and Mössbauer studies of M-P
94 W.KIM
orthoferrites TbFe0.75Mn0.25O3 088
HAKAN Effect of Co on microstructure and magnetic M-P
95 GUNGUNES properties in Fe-Ni-Si-Co alloys 120
Investigation of polyoxometalates and crown
ANATOLI S. M-P
96 DIMOGLO
ethers based supramolecular complexes by
124
means of FI-IR-EPR-spectroscopy methods
Coexistence of Ferromagnetism and S-P
97 UGUR TOPAL
Diamagnetism in Y-Ba-Zn-O compound 094
Atomic force microscopy study of PS/PMMA ELA-P
98 A.MUMTAZ
blend thin films 031
POSTER PRESENTATIONS
29 APRIL – THURSDAY
BETWEEN 18:00-19:30 LOCATION : FOYER
Presenting Abstract
Presentation Title Code
Author
Effect of glassification by adding Bi2O3
S-P
99 SERDAR ALTIN on the BiSrCaCuO whiskers fabrication
076
and their properties
Consistent description of magnetic
ENRICO excitations and phase diagram of High- S-P
100 ARRIGONI Tc cuprates within a strong-coupling 095
approach
Static and dynamic quadrupolar M-P
101 RIZA ERDEM
susceptibility for a Spin-1 Ising model 091
DEVINA Influence of Grain Size on the S-P
102 SHARMA Superconductivity of La1.85Sr0.15CuO4 004
Power law dependences on I-V of Bi- S-P
103 EMINE ALTIN
2212 whiskers at low magnetic fields 026
Magnetic field-tuned superconductor-
insulator transition in interface
OLGA I. S-P
104 YUZEPHOVICH
superconducting nanostructures based
071
on PbTe/PbS and PbTe/YbS
heterostructures
HIROSHI Effect of Zn, Ni and Fe Impurities on S-P
105 NAKAMURA Bi2Sr1.6La0.4CuO6+δ 006
Low fields high harmonic response of
IOSEB ROBERT
the PMS polycrystalline superconductor S-P
106 METSKHVARISH
in linearly polarized and circularly 020
VILI
polarized ac fields
I.R.METSKHVAR Influence of Boron Doping on Transport S-P
107 ISHVILI Properties of YBa2Cu3O7-y HTS 021
Enhancement of transport and
mechanical properties of alloyed in situ S-P
108 M.S.A. HOSSAIN
MgB2 wires after cold high densification 108
(CHPD)
Observation of higher suppression of
superconducting transition temperature

109
P.S. ANIL
KUMAR
in YBa2Cu3O7-  / La0.5Sr0.5CoO3 as S-P
110
compared to YBa2Cu3O7- / 
La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 bilayers
NAZMİYE Magnetic properties of Ce3-xGdxCo11B4 M-P
110 KERVAN borides 008
Cluster glass behavior of
M-P
111 H. BHARGAWA Cu0.25Co0.25Zn0.25Fe2O4 ferrite: A magnetic
034
and Mossbauer study
S. Ground state magnetic phase diagram of
M-P
112 MAHDAVIFAR the one-dimensional quantum compass
108
model
Magnetoresistance of A-site ordered Pr1-
S.V. M-P
113 TRUKHANOV xBaxMnO3 (x=0.20, 0.25, 0.30)
112
manganites
A. M-P
114 AJAYAGHOSH
Self-assembly of molecular wires
117
Triplet superconductivity induced in SM-P
115 M.S. ANWAR
ferromagnetic CrO2 010
Influence of Y2O3 inclusions in YBCO film
ELA-P
116 M. MOYZYKH on film orientation and superconducting
032
properties
POSTER PRESENTATIONS
29 APRIL – THURSDAY
BETWEEN 18:00-19:30 LOCATION : FOYER
Presenting Abstract
Author
Presentation Title Code
Effect of Y2BaCuO5 precursor refinement on
A.MAHMO the critical current density of liquid S-P
117 OD infiltration growth processed YBa2Cu3O7-y 116
bulk superconductors
Effects of Mo, W, Nb Additions and heat
treatments on thermal and magnetic M-P
118 I.KUCUK
properties of Fe-Co-B based bulk metallic 149
glass alloys produced by centrifugal casting
PLENARY TALKS
PLN-001

The fundamentals of electromagnetism in ferromagnets and superconductors

A.M.CAMPBELL

Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Trumpington St. Cambridge CB2 1PZ UK


amc1@hermes.cam.ac.uk

The understanding of magnetic fields in materials has been bedevilled by a number of wrong
turnings taken by the early pioneers. The main problem at that time was that nobody knew about
atoms and electrons, so that they had to work in terms of macroscopic variables and the forces on
bodies. A second problem was that they tried to include free space and materials in the same all
embracing theory. Also they ascribed magnetic forces to magnetic poles and tried to make the
magnetic equations analogous to the electrostatic ones. Finally forces could only be measured in
magnetic fluids, and there weren‘t any, so the theoreticians said what they thought the experiments
would show, but they could not agree on the results.
These problems should have been resolved by Lorentz, who knew about atoms and defined
fields in materials in terms of averages of local fields. However this advance was not taken on board
by electrical engineers, and even many physicists, to the great confusion of most undergraduates right
up to the present day. Even in the twenties there was a long standing and completely pointless
controversy over the force on a magnet in a fluid and in my own department the lectures in
electromagnetism still do not define what is meant by the electric or magnetic field in a material.
The discovery of Type II superconductors created a completely new type of magnetic material
which could not be fitted into conventional magnetic theory, as then understood. This led to two
theoretical treatments, one by Josephson and the other by Evetts. Josephson treated the general case of
any material in thermodynamic equilibrium, including superconductors. Evetts treated
superconductors in terms of flux lines. These are not in conflict and are in fact more similar than
appears at first sight.
This work shows the astonishing intuition of Maxwell and Faraday who described concepts
which were made flesh and observable by vortices in superconductors. Even the vector potential
becomes real, it is the distance the flux lines move. The result is a lot of new physics. For example the
thermomagnetic effects in the Onsager theory of irreversible thermodynamics in superconductors can
be described entirely in terms of the forces and flows of flux lines.
The use of averages implies a length scale over which the average is taken and this has led to a
lot of confusion over the Ginzburg –Landau equations. G-L, as one would expect, go it right by
defining a Helmholtz free energy which is entirely local, but many texts quote a ‗Gibb‘s Function‘
which can include a magnetisation, a local H or an external field. This limts the application to long
thin cylinders in a parallel filed. Changes in magnetic energy can be described by H DB or B dH as
well as in terms of external fields but magnetic energies remain a minefield. For example the
extension by Braunbeck of Earnshaw‘s theorem to diamagnets is invalid because he does not
distinguish between internal energy and mechanical energies. I hope the talk will make all this clear.
PLN-002

Intermetallic superconductivity in the post copper-oxide age

PAUL C. CANFIELD1,2
1
Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011 USA
2
Department of Physics, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011 USA

In this talk, I will present a broad overview of humanity's 100 year search for higher transition
temperature, and generally more useful, superconductors. Particular emphasis will be placed on the
past 20 years [1-4]. The talk will start with an introduction to superconductivity (historically,
phenomenological, and theoretically) and then progress through several of the key discoveries of the
past one-score years. The basic conclusion is that this is a field that is still dominated by highly
intuitive searches and sudden discoveries. That being said, the past decade has seen several
discoveries that seem to point toward a very promising and rich phase space. The talk is intended to be
a light and fluffy [5,6] review of an exciting field. Mildly off colour jokes about one and all will be
included free of charge.

[1] P.C. Canfield, P.L. Gammel, D.J. Bishop, New magnetic superconductors: a toy box for solid-state
physicists… Physics Today 51, 40-46 (1998).
[2] P.C. Canfield, S.L. Bud'ko, Magnesium diboride: one year on… Physics World 15, 29-34 (2002).
[3] P.C. Canfield, G.W. Crabtree, Magnesium diboride: better late than never… Physics Today 56, 34-
40 (2003).
[4] P.C. Canfield, S.L. Bud'Ko, Low-temperature superconductivity is warming up… Scientific
American 292, 80-87 (2005).
[5] P.C. Canfield, Fishing the Fermi sea… Nature Physics 4, 167-169 (2008).
[6] P.C. Canfield, A cook's tale… Nature Physics 5, 529-530 (2009).
PLN-003

Recent Progress in Single Flux Quantum Integrated Circuits

A. FUJIMAKI

Department of Quantum Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan


fujimaki@nuee.nagoya-u.ac.jp

I report the recent progress in superconductor single flux quantum (SFQ) integrated circuits
(ICs). SFQ signals appear in the impulse shape of voltage with height of about 1 mV and width of a
few pico-seconds. These features enable ultra high-speed operations up to a sub-tera-hertz range with
ultra low power consumption.
We have demonstrated a lot of SFQ ICs such as microprocessors, routers, analog-to-digital
converters based on the 2.5-kA/cm2 Nb/AlOx/Nb Josephson junction process named the SRL
(Superconductivity Research Laboratory) standard process [1]. Typical operating frequency is 20 GHz
for SFQ ICs made up of more than 10000 junctions. As an example, I will introduce an accelerator
prototype used for future scientific high-end computers. The number of Josephson junctions in the
prototype reaches 14040, which is one of the largest SFQ-ICs.
Recently, SRL has developed the new fabrication process named the advanced process 2 (ADP2)
with the critical current density of 10 kA/cm2 [2]. This process provides 8-10 Nb layers including 2
layers dedicated to interconnects, while there are only 4 Nb layers in the standard process. SFQ signals
propagate at the speed of light along strip lines formed utilizing 2 dedicated layers, enabling 100-GHz
operation even in large-scale integrated circuits. In addition, increased number of Nb layers leads to
remarkable reduction in occupied area of the circuit. This also contributes to high-speed operation
because of the reduction in the distance between logic gates. I will show experimental results of a 4x4
switch based on the ADP2. The switch operated at 89 GHz and had 20% area compared to the 4x4
switch designed with the standard process.
Main direction of the development is to apply the SFQ ICs to future IT devices such as high-end
routers, high-end computers, digital-RF radio transceivers. However, even in such SFQ devices, we
should reduce power consumption for obtaining much advantage to semiconductor devices under the
times of greening information technology. Note that reducing power consumption is also essential in
the application fields related to superconductive sensors, detectors, and qubits.

The developments were partly supported by CREST, JST and by SENTAN, JST.

[1] A. Fujimaki, M. Tanaka, T. Yamada, Y. Yamanashi, H. Park, and N. Yoshikawa, IEICE Trans.
Electron. 342, E91-C (2008).
[2] M. Hidaka, S. Nagasawa, K. Hinode, and T. Satoh, IEICE Trans. Electron. 318, E91-C (2008).
PLN-004

Superconducting state of metallic clusters: Potential for room temperature superconductivity,


novel nano-based tunneling networks

VLADIMIR KRESIN

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California at Berkeley, CA 94720, USA


vzkresin@lbl.gov

The nanoclusters form a new family of high temperature superconductors. We focus on small
metallic nanoclusters Mn (n is a number of atoms) which contain delocalized electrons (N 102-103; N
is a number of free carriers). These electrons form energy shells similar to those in atoms or nuclei
(e.g.,s,p,d,..). Presence of the shell structure and corresponding orbital degeneracy 2(2L+1) leads to an
increase in the effective density of states and great strengthening of the pairing interaction. Under
special, but perfectly realistic conditions, the superconducting pairing is very strong and leads to high
Tc. For some specific clusters, e.g., Al56, Zn83, there arise Tc~ 150-200 K and the energy spectrum
becomes strongly modified. With a realistic set of parameters, it should be possible to raise Tc up to
room temperature. Specific experiments capable of detecting this phenomenon can be identified
(spectroscopic, magnetic and thermodynamic measurements). The observation of a heat capacity jump
for the specific Al clusters at Tc200K (Cao et al.,2008) yielded first experimental support for the
phenomenon; the amplitude, width and position of the jumps are in good agreement with the theory .
Pairing raises the possibility to observe the Josephson tunneling between the clusters. The
discrete nature of the spectrum makes the analysis very different from that for conventional
superconductors. Especially interesting is the case of resonant tunneling. The effect is promising for
the creation superconducting tunneling networks with current densities greatly exceeding those of
usual superconductors.
PLN-005

Experimental Studies of the Superconducting Gap Structure

RUSLAN PROZOROV

Ames Laboratory and Department of Physics & Astronomy


Iowa State University

Knowing the structure of the energy gap is essential for understanding the microscopic pairing
mechanism in superconductors. Various thermodynamic and electromagnetic properties depend
sensitively on the presence of nodes, anisotropy and the existence of multiple gaps in the electronic
density of states. I will review the major experimental methods capable of obtaining at least some
information about the gap structure. While phase sensitive techniques provide a direct test of the
symmetry-imposed nodal structure, other approaches are required to study anisotropy, residual in-gap
states and multigap superconductivity. Only the combination of different experimental tests performed
on high-quality samples can give reliable and objective information. However, the interpretation of the
experimental data is usually not straightforward and, first, requires isolating the quantity of interest
from the raw data. The next step is the use of (semi)-phenomenological models to provide a link
between microscopic theory and experiment. Some of the often used approaches will be discussed.
PLN-006

Type-1.5 Superconductivity

VICTOR V. MOSHCHALKOV

INPAC-Institute for Nanoscale Physics and Chemistry, K.U. Leuven,


Celestijnenlaan 200 D, B-3001, BELGIUM
victor.moshchalkov@fys.kuleuven.be

The existence of the novel superconducting state has been demonstrated in two-component
high quality MgB2 single crystalline superconductors where a unique combination of both type-1 and
type-2 conditions is realized in a single material: λ1/ξ1<1/√2 for the first component of the order
parameter and λ2/ξ2>1/√2 for the second one. Such materials are, in fact, type-1.5 superconductors
(PRL 102, 117001 (2009)), since they combine simultaneously both type-1 and type-2
superconductivity. This leads to a drastic change in the vortex-vortex interaction, which results in the
appearance of stable vortex stripes, clusters and gossamer-like vortex patterns. We have directly
visualized these novel patterns by using Bitter decoration and scanning SQUID microscopy. The
observed patterns are in a good agreement with the molecular dynamics simulations based on the
vortex-vortex interaction corresponding to the type-1.5 superconductivity.

In collaboration with: A.V. Silhanek, W. Gillijns, J. Van de Vondel, M. Menghini, J. Fritzsche,


R. Kramer, T. Nishio, Q.H. Chen, V. H. Dao, L. F. Chibotaru, N. D. Zhigadlo, J. Karpinski, and V.
Metlushko.
PLN-007

A New Paradigm for Exchange Bias in Polycrystalline Films

KEVIN O'GRADY

The University of York

The phenomenon of exchange bias has remained something of a mystery since it was discovered in
core-shell particles in 1956 [1]. Over the subsequent years many different models have been proposed
to explain this effect, most of which agree with some experimental data that can be found in the
literature. No single theory, however, has been able to explain the data consistently for different
systems.

In this lecture the reason for our inability to explain exchange bias will be reviewed, and a new
paradigm to explain the phenomenon in sputtered polycrystalline films will be presented. This new
paradigm is based on an original granular model described by Falcomer and Charap [2]. Its premise is
that very careful thermal and magnetic cycling is required to ensure that the order in the
antiferromagnetic grains is controlled. Without such careful control, reproducible data cannot be
obtained.

These time-consuming and complex measurement procedures, to which we refer as the York protocol,
have been developed over the last 9 years. Using the York protocol and an extension of the former
granular model, effects such as the film thickness dependence and grain size dependence of exchange
bias can be fully explained with an excellent fit between theory and experiment [3]. The York protocol
also allows for the measurement of the anisotropy constant of antiferromagnetic grains [4]. This model
provides an understanding of the behavior of the individual antiferromagnetic grains in detail. Since
the behavior of the "bulk" of the antiferromagnetic grains is now known, preliminary data describing
the behavior of the interface spins can now be distinguished from the behavior of the bulk. Possible
mechanisms for the behavior of the interfaces themselves will also be presented.

[1] W. H. Meiklejohn and C. P. Bean, Phys. Rev., vol. 102, pp. 1413-1414, June 1956; IEEE Trans.
Magn., vol. 37, pp. 3866-3876, November 2001.
[2] E. Fulcomer and S. H. Charap, J. Appl. Phys., vol. 43, pp. 4190-4199, October 1972.
[3] G. Vallejo-Fernandez, L. E. Fernandez-Outon, and K. O‘Grady, J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys., vol. 41,
112001, June 2008.
[4] G. Vallejo-Fernandez, L. E. Fernandez-Outon, and K. O‘Grady, Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 91, 212503,
November 2007.

2010 Distinguished lecturer of IEEE by Magnetics Society


PLN-008

Spin torque switching and dielectric breakdown in MgO based Tunnel Junctions

AYAZ A. KHAN1, J. SCHMALHORST1, A. THOMAS1, O. SCHEBAUM1,


V. DREWELLO1, M. SCHÄFERS1, A. WEDDEMANN1, G. REISS1, G. EILERS2,
M. MÜNZENBERG2, K. THIEL2, M. SEIBT2, H.-W. SCHUMACHER3 and
S. SERRANO-GUISAN3
1
Bielefeld University, Physics Department, P.O. Box 100131, 33501 Bielefeld, GERMANY
2
IV. Physikalisches Institut der Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, D-37077 Göttingen,
GERMANY
3
Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Bundesallee 100, 38116 Braunschweig, GERMANY
reiss@physik.uni-bielefeld.de

The magnetic switching of the soft electrode in magnetic tunneling junctions is one of the major
challenges in the development of both Magnetic Random Access Memory as well as Field Programmable
Logic Gate Arrays. Here, we show that the spin torque of the spin polarized current driven through a
magnetic tunneling junction with low resistive MgO barriers can switch the free layers magnetization quasi
ballistically within a very short time without magnetic ―ringing‖ (CIMS, Current Induced Magnetization
Switching). This can be obtained, by using a precise timing of the current pulses sent through the tunnel
junction.
The natural limit of CIMS is reached, when the voltage or the current applied for switching destroys the
tunnel barrier. We therefore also discuss the intrinsic failure due to voltage stress-in-duced degradation,
which is characterized by an abrupt decrease in resistance at the breakdown. In high resolution TEM cross
sections, a remarkable difference occurred when comparing Al 2O3 and MgO based junctions. Whereas only
a small number of local breaks were found in the first case, numerous ―hot spots‖ could be identified for
the MgO. The results can well be explained by the E-model relating the breakdown to a field induced
displacement of atomic bonds at the oxide barrier.
PLN-009

Superconducting triplet spin valves

M.YU. KUPRIYANOV1, T.YU. KARMINSKAYA1, YA.V. FOMINOV2, A.A. GOLUBOV3,


R.G. DEMINOV4 and L.R. TAGIROV 4
1
Institute of Nuclear Physics, Moscow State University, Moscow, 119992, RUSSIA
2
L.D. Landau Institute for Theoretical Physics RAS, 117940 Moscow, RUSSIA
3
Faculty of Science and Technology and MESA+ Institute of Nanotechnology, University of Twente,
7500 AE Enschede, THE NETHERLANDS
4
Solid State Physics Department, Kazan State University, Kazan, 420008, RUSSIA
ltagirov@mail.ru

The current status of investigations of the spin valve effect in ultrathin heterostructures comprising
superconducting (S), normal (N) and ferromagnetic (F) layers is briefly reviewed. New kinds of
superconducting spin valves are proposed which utilize the long-range spin-triplet pairing.
Since the superconducting spin-valve effect was proposed [1-3], the physics of the superconductor-
ferromagnet hybrids was intensively investigated and clarified [4-6]. It appeared that the odd-in-frequency,
long-range triplet component of the superconducting pairing plays an essential role in the superconducting
properties of the hybrids (see details in Ref. [6]). The striking difference in the decay length of the singlet
components of the superconducting wave function (of the order of 1 nanometer) and the projection-one triplet
component (up to dozens of nanometer) in a ferromagnetic metal can be utilized to manage superconductivity in
the structure, generating the long range odd triplet component of the superconducting pairing.
The idea was implemented in Josephson spin valves [7-10] where FNF weak links were used to control
the critical current through the junction. The implementation has several advantages against conventional FIF or
FSF links. In the S-FNF-S Josephson spin valve devices the superconducting correlations in N layer are induced
by the proximity effect with S electrodes rather than by its own superconductivity. As a result, the N layer
thickness can be small enough to provide necessary interaction between the F layers. Even a small misalignment
between magnetizations of the F layers against the initial antiferromagnetic configuration is sufficient to
generate the odd triplet component and modulate the critical current by orders in magnitude.
Another strategy to manage superconductivity using magnetism is to control the superconducting
transition temperature TC [1-3]. Depending on the choice of material properties and thickness of the layers the
FNFS structure can be switched between the superconducting and resistive normal states rotating
magnetizations of the F layers on a few dozens of degree [11]. It seems that unconventional ―inverse‖ switching
effect observed in [12] can be explained by generation of the odd triplet component of superconductivity in the
certain range of magnetic field.
The work was partially supported by RFBR grants No 09-02-12176-ofi_m and No 09-02-12260-ofi_m.

[1] L.R. Tagirov, Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 2058 (1999).


[2] A.I. Buzdin, A.V. Vedyayev and N.V. Ryzhanova, Europhys. Lett. 48, 686 (1999).
[3] Ya.V. Fominov. A.A. Golubov, and M.Yu. Kupriyanov, JETP Lett. 77, 510 (2003).
[4] A.A. Golubov, M.Yu. Kupriyanov, and E. Ilichev. Rev. Mod. Phys. 76, 411 (2004).
[5] A.I. Buzdin. Rev. Mod. Phys. 77, 935 (2005).
[6] F.S. Bergeret, A.F. Volkov, and К.В. Efetov, Rev. Mod. Phys. 77, 1321 (2005).
[7] Т.Yu. Karminskaya and M.Yu. Kupriyanov, JETP Lett. 85, 286 (2007).
[8] T.Yu. Karminskaya and M.Yu. Kupriyanov, JETP Lett. 86. 61 (2007).
[9] T.Yu. Karminskaya, M.Yu. Kupriyanov, and A.A. Golubov, JETP Lett., 87, 570 (2008).
[10] T.Yu. Karminskaya, M.Yu. Kupriyanov, and A.A. Golubov, Phys. Rev. В 79, 214509 (2009).
[11] M.Yu. Kupriyanov, Ya.V. Fominov, R.G. Deminov, T.Yu. Karminskaya, A.A. Golubov, and L.R. Tagirov
(submitted).
[12] G. Nowak, H. Zabel et al., Phys. Rev. В 78, 134520 (2008).
SUPERCONDUCTIVITY

INVITED TALKS
S-I-001

Critical currents through HTS grain boundaries: Evidence for a strain sensitive pairing
mechanism

G. DEUTSCHER

School of Physic and Astronomys, Tel-Aviv University, ISRAEL


guyde@post.tau.ac.il

The reduced critical current at grain boundaries of HTS is arguably the most serious obstacle
that stands in the path of large scale applications of these materials, such as power cables and rotating
machines. Converging experiments on all cuprates and more recently on the pictnides point out to the
fundamental nature of this problem in perovskite superconductors. Here we develop the proposition
that its origin lies in the pairing mechanism itself, which is very sensitive to the Cu-O bond length.
According to a model recently proposed by Deutscher and de Gennes, pairing requires a contraction of
these bonds. Because Grain Boundaries in the HTS are the site of tensile strain generated by edge
dislocations, pairing becomes energetically unfavorable in their vicinity up to distances of several
nanometers. At misalignment larger than about 7 degrees, these non-pairing regions overlap all along
the boundary, resulting in low critical current and weak pinning. For the successful large scale
application of HTS such misalignments must be eliminated. Ways to achieve this objective will be
discussed.
S-I-003

Insight in high-temperature superconductivity from cuprate heterostructures

IVAN BOZOVIC

Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton NY 11973, USA


bozovic@bnl.gov

Using a unique molecular beam epitaxy system (see Figure) , we synthesize atomically smooth HTS
thin films, multilayers and superlattices [1]. Such heterostructures enable novel experiments that probe
the basic physics of HTS. For example, we have established that HTS and antiferromagnetic phases
separate on Ångstrom scale, while the pseudo-gap state apparently mixes with HTS over an
anomalously large length scale (―Giant Proximity Effect‖) [2].

In this talk, I will review our most recent experiments on such films and superlattices, including
XRD, AFM, angle-resolved TOF-ISARS, transport measurements, high-resolution TEM, resonant X-
ray scattering, low-energy muon spin resonance, ultrafast photo-induced RHEED, COBRA surface
crystallography, and ultra-high magnetic field spectroscopy. The results include an unambiguous
demonstration of strong coupling of in-plane charge excitations to out-of-plane lattice vibrationS [3], a
discovery of interface HTS [4], and evidence that HTS occurs in a single CuO2 plane [5].

[1] I. Bozovic et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 89, 107001 (2002); P. Abbamonte et al., Science 297, 581 (2002).
[2] I. Bozovic et al., Nature 422, 873 (2003); Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 157002 (2004).
[3] N. Gedik et al., Science 316, 425 (2007); Z. Radovic et al., Phys. Rev. B 77, 092508 (2008); H.
Shim et al., Phys.
Rev. Lett. 101, 247004 (2008).
[4] A. Gozar et al., Nature 455, 782 (2008); S. Smadici et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. (2009) 102, 107004
(2009), V. Butko
et al, Adv. Mater. 21, 1 (2009).
[5] G. Logvenov et al., Science 326, 699 (2009).
S-I-004

Precursor influence on the electrical properties of textured Bi-2212 superconductors

A. SOTELO, SH. RASEKH, M. A. MADRE and J. C. DIEZ

Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragón (ICMA) (CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza), C/Mª de Luna, 3 50018 Zaragoza.
Spain
asotelo@unizar.es

Bulk high temperature superconductors are being used in several high power applications, as
for instance, hybrid current leads or superconducting fault current limiters. Due to the intrinsic
granularity and anisotropy of these materials, their superconducting properties are strongly determined
by current percolation problems. This depends on several factors as the characteristics and properties
of individual grains and the quality of the grain boundaries. In consequence, to obtain bulk materials,
adequate for high power applications, it is necessary to develop fabrication techniques that control the
material microstructure and shape.
There are several processing techniques that induce texture in the superconducting material.
They are used to orientate High Temperature Superconducting (HTS) grains with their a-b planes
parallel to the growth direction. Some techniques produce the grain orientation through a directional
growth from the melt. One of them is the Laser Floating Zone (LFZ) method has demonstrated to be
very effective to obtain a good grain alignment and, as a consequence, high critical current densities
[1].
In this technique, laser radiation produces a small melt volume, on top of the precursor ceramic
bar, which is displaced throughout the material leading to well textured rods. The final characteristics
of the textured materials are determined by the growth conditions (growth speed, rotation, atmosphere,
etc) as well as the precursor characteristics (diameter, composition, homogeneity, etc).
In this work it has been studied the influence of the synthetic methods used to obtain the
ceramic precursors (solid state, sol-gel, polymer solution method [2]). On the other hand, it has also
been used mixtures of secondary phases [3] and amorphous ceramic precursors.

[1] L. A. Angurel, J. C. Diez, E. Martínez, J. I. Peña, G. F. de la Fuente and R. Navarro, Growth rate
effects on thin Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+ textured rods, Physica C 302, 39-50 (1998).
[2] A. Sotelo, H. Szillat, P. Majewski and F. Aldinger, Rapid synthesis of the Bi-2212 phase by a
polymer matrix method, Supercond. Sci. Technol. 10, 717-720 (1997).
[3] A. Sotelo, P. Majewski, H.-S. Park and F. Aldinger, Synthesis of highly pure Bi-2223 ceramics
using defined precursors, Physica C 272, 115-124 (1996).
S-I-005

Attractive vortex interaction and the intermediate-mixed state of superconductors

ERNST HELMUT BRANDT1 AND MUKUNDA P. DAS2


1
Max Planck Instuitute for Metals Research, 70506 Stuttgart, Germany
ehb@mf.mpg.de
2
Department of Theoretical Physics, Research School of Physics and Engineering
The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
mukunda.das@anu.edu.au

The existence of magnetic vortices in type-II superconductors was predicted from Ginzburg-
Landau Theory in 1957 by A. A. Abrikosov, each vortex carrying one quantum of magnetic flux Φ0.
From the measured magnetization curve it was obvious that these Abrikosov vortices repel each other.
When the applied magnetic field Ha reaches the lower critical field Hc1, the first vortex penetrates the
superconductor (if vortex pinning, surface barrier, and demagnetization effects are absent). With
increasing Ha more vortices penetrate, their density n increases and also the magnetic induction B = n
Φ0. When Ha reaches the upper critical field Hc2 one has B = μ0Hc2 and the magnetization M = Ha-
B/μ0 reaches zero and superconductivity vanishes. The repulsive vortex interaction can be derived
from London theory, which applies at low B << μ0Hc2 when the Ginzburg-Landau parameter κ is
large.

However, soon after the first decoration experiments had shown a triangular vortex lattice on the
flat surface of a Nb crystal [1], further decoration showed that very clean Nb crystals at temperatures T
< Tc exhibit islands of vortex–free Meissner state embedded in a vortex lattice or islands of vortex
lattice embedded in Meissner state (intermediate-mixed state) [2]. It was also observed that the
magnetization curves B(Ha) of clean Nb crystals exhibit a jump (or a straight part) of height B0. This
unexpected observation is explained by a minimum in the vortex interaction at an equilibrium distance
1/2
a0 ~ (Φ0/B0) , where we have a short-range repulsion and a long-range attraction of the vortices. In
view of attractive interaction the Ginzburg-Landau and London theories do not apply to these
experiments, therefore microscopic BCS-Gor´kov theory has to be used. Computations based on this
theory indeed explain [3] the observed attraction, which occurs in clean type-II superconductors when
κ is near 0.71, i.e., when the superconductor is almost of type I.

Recently attractive interaction of vortices has been reported in thin crystals of the 2-band
superconductor MgB2 [4], see also the comments [5]. Decoration images taken after field-cooling
claims the occurrence of vortex-chains, vortex-clusters, and vortex-free islands, which are ascribed to
simultaneous type-I and type-II behavior of the 2-band superconducting MgB2. In this talk we shall
provide some critical analysis of the observed features of the recent work [4].

[1] U. Essmann and H. Träuble, Sci. American 224, 75 (1971).


[2] E. H. Brandt, Rep. Prog. Phys. 58, 1465 (1995).
[3] E. H. Brandt, J. Low Temp. Phys., 24, 427 (1976); phys. stat. sol (b) 77, 105 (1976).
[4] V. Moshchalkov et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 117001 (2009).
[5] E. H. Brandt and Shi-Ping Zhou, Physics 2, 22 (2009).
S-I-006

New possibilities in microstructural design of REBCO bulk superconductors

P. DIKO

Institute of Experimental Physics, SAS, Watsonva 47, 04001 Košice, Slovakia


dikos@saske.sk

Although the permanent magnets based on YBCO bulk single-grain superconductors (BSS)
prepared by the Top-Seeded Melt-Growth (TSMG) process can trap magnetic field much higher than
the best permanent magnets, they are still deeply below the theoretical limit for the YBa2Cu3O7 (Y123)
superconductor. Reserves are mainly in the improvement of critical current density in high magnetic
fields by better flux line pinning and in elimination of oxygenation cracks. Effective pinning produced
in YBCO BSS is limited by pushing of Y2BaCuO5 (Y211) particles with subcritical size by growing
Y123 crystal. The pushing effect causes macroscopic inhomogeneity of pinning centers in the bulk and
induces macroscopic stresses. The promising solutions of this problem are focused on the formation of
new nonsuperconducting submicron nanoparticles [1] or formation of nanosize pining centers trough
chemical doping [2-3].
As-grown YBCO bulks have low oxygen content, YBa2Cu3O6.3, are not superconducting, and
must be oxygenated to form YBa2Cu3O7. During standard oxygenation at 400 - 450 ºC the shortening
of crystal lattice parameters causes intensive cracking [4]. The created cracks allow oxygen penetration
into the bulk and cause the oxygenation time to be technologically acceptable but the effective cross
section of the bulk is significantly reduced to the value about 30 % of the original sample cross section
[5]. It was recently shown that it is possible to eliminate the formation of oxygenation cracks and to
reach a critical current density 2.5 – 3 times higher than in the YBCO BSS oxygenated in a standard
way [6]. The oxygenated crack-free samples were obtained by high pressure, high temperature
oxygenation with progressively increasing oxygen partial pressure [7].

Acknowledgements
This work was performed within the frame of the project ―Centre of Excellence of Advanced
Materials with Nano- and Submicron- Structure‖, and the project NFP26220220056 (ITMS
26220220041), supported by the Operational Program ―Research and Development‖ financed through
the European Regional Development Fund, by the VEGA project No.- 2/7052/27, the APVV projects
No. 51-061505 and LPP-0334-06, the EU Marie Curie network NESPA, and by the Centre of
Excellence of the Slovak Academy of Sciences NANOSMART.

[1] Hari Babu N, Kambara M, Shi Y, Cardwell DA, Tarrant CD and Schneider KR Physica C 392–396 110
{2003).
[2] Y. Ishii, J. Shimoyama, Y. Tazaki, T. Nakashima, S. Horii, and K. Kishio, Appl. Phys. Lett. 89 202514
(2006).
[3] P. Diko, V. Antal, M. Kanuchova, M. Sefcikova and J. Kovac, Supercond. Sci. Technol. 22 065005 (2009).
[4] Diko P Supercond. Sci. Technol. 17 R45 (2004).
[5] M Eisterer, S Haindl, M Zehetmayer, R Gonzalez-Arrabal, H W Weber, D Litzkendorf, M Zeisberger, T
Habisreuther, W Gawalek, L Shlyk and G Krabbes Supercond. Sci. Technol. 19 S530 (2006).
[6] P. Diko, X. Chaud, V. Antal, M. Kaňuchová, M. Šefţíková and J. Kováţ, Supercond. Sci. Technol. 21
11508 (2008).
[7] X. Chaud, J. Noudem, T. Prikhna, Y. Savchuk, E. Haanappel, P. Diko, C.P. Zhang Physica C 469 1200
(2009).
S-I-008

Study of the onset of superconductivity in underdoped La2-xSrxCuO4

T. TAKAMI1,2, J.-S. ZHOU1, J.-G. CHENG1, J. B. GOODENOUGH1, K. MATSUBAYASHI3 and


Y. UWATOKO3
1
Texas Materials Institute, University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station, C2201, Austin, TX 78712, USA
2
Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science,Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
3
Institute for Solid State Physics, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
takami.tsuyoshi@g.mbox.nagoya-u.ac.jp

The origin of the appearance of superconductivity in the high-transition-temperature (high-Tc)


copper oxides has remained the subject of active inquiry. In order to address this issue, we chose La 2-
xSrxCuO4, which has no charge reservoir, as a model system and studied how superconductivity takes
place as a function of doping density. Systematic magnetization measurements at ambient pressure and
under high pressure (P) have been performed on a series of underdoped samples [1].
Figure1 shows the schematic phase diagram for La2-xSrxCuO4. We focused in this study on how
superconductivity evolves around the critical doping by investigating Tc for 0.050 ≤ x ≤ 0.060,
indicated by the circle. As shown in the
inset of Fig. 1, Tc did not emerge smoothly
at a critical hole concentration, pc, ---i.e., Tc
emerges abruptly at a pc. This result
indiactes that a critical doping instead of a
bandwidth is needed to introduce
superconductivity in the cuprates. Tc and
the absolute value of the Meissner signal
below Tc increased progressively with Sr
content. Furthermore, Tc shifted to higher
temperatures with increasing P. A linear
relationship between Tc and P was found at
least up to  1 GPa. The determination of
dTc/dP in this work and the data reported by
Zhou et al.[2] provide a complete dTc/dP
versus x over the entire phase diagram. Figure 1. Schematic phase diagram for La2-xSrxCuO4.
One of the important observations is that Inset: Tc versus x obtained by using a SQUID
3
dTc/dP peaks out within the range where magnetometer down to 1.7 K and an Oxford He
Uemura‘s relationship between Tc and refrigerator down to 0.4 K. The arrows in the inset
superfluid density ns(0) holds. These represent the absence of superconductivity and the T
experimental findings support that range below 0.4 K is described by gray color.
superconductivity emerges within a single
phase at a critical hole concentration.

[1] T. Takami, J.-S. Zhou, J.-G. Cheng, J. B. Goodenough, K. Matsubayashi and Y. Uwatoko, New J.
Phys.11, 013057 (2009).
[2] J.-S. Zhou, H. Chen and J. B. Goodenough, Phys. Rev. B 49, 9084 (1994).
S-I-009

Pressure-induced enhancement of superconductivity and instability of the Ca-sublattice in CaC6

A. GAUZZI1, N. BENDIAB1, M. D‘ASTUTO1, B. CANNY1, M. CALANDRA1, F. MAURI1, G.


LOUPIAS1, S. TAKASHIMA2, H. TAKAGI2, N. TAKESHITA3, C. TERAKURA3, N. EMERY4, C.
HEROLD4, PH. LAGRANGE4, M. HANFLAND5 and M. MEZOUAR5
1
IMPMC, Université Pierre et Marie Curie and CNRS, 4, place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, FRANCE
2
Department of Advanced Materials Science, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, JAPAN
3
CERC, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8562, JAPAN
4
Laboratoire de Chimie du Solide Minéral-UMR 7555, Université Henri Poincaré Nancy I, 54506 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy,
FRANCE
5
European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, BP 220, 38043 Grenoble, France
andrea.gauzzi@upmc.fr

The discovery of superconductivity above 10 K in the graphite intercalated compound (GIC)


CaC6 [1,2] has renewed the interest in superconductivity in GIC‘s as well as in other carbon-based
compounds. This breakthrough opens the possibility of further increasing the superconducting critical
temperature, Tc, and raises the question of the factors limiting Tc in these systems. Since high pressure,
P, is known to be an important control parameter of the superconducting state, in order to address the
above points, we have carried out an electrical resistivity and synchrotron x-ray diffraction study as a
function of pressure up to 16 GPa on high-quality CaC6 bulk samples. We found that CaC6 exhibits
two important pressure effects: 1. a large P-induced Tc enhancement up to 15.1 K at 7.5 GPa, the
highest Tc value hitherto reported for GICs; 2. a dramatic Tc drop down to ~3 K at a critical pressure of
~9 GPa suggestive of a structural instability. We show that our combined electrical resistivity and x-
ray diffraction study under high pressures provides a comprehensive account of both phenomena
within the frame of the BCS theory in terms of a P-induced softening of the in-plane Ca mode relevant
to the electron-phonon coupling. Our data analysis indicates that, below ~8 GPa, the softening
contributes to the Tc enhancement whilst, at higher pressures, it drives the system to a disordered phase
presumably characterized by a disordering of the Ca sublattice. Thus, pressure induces a simultaneous
order-disorder and lattice-softening phase transition from a good metal phase with high Tc to a bad
metal phase with low Tc.

[1] Th. E. Weller et al., Nature Physics 1, 39 (2005).


[2] N. Emery et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 087003 (2005).
[3] A. Gauzzi et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 067002 (2007)
[4] A. Gauzzi et al., Phys. Rev. B 78, 064506 (2008).
S-I-010

Spin dependent superconducting proximity effect in metallo fullerenes and carbon nanotubes

HÇLÈNE BOUCHIAT, RICHARD DEBLOCK, S.GUÇRON and A. KASUMOV

Université Paris Sud Orsay, FRANCE


bouchiat@lps.u-psud.fr

Proximity induced superconductivity constitutes a powerful tool for the investigation of


coherent transport through a normal conductor connected to superconducting electrodes. The
conversion of Cooper pairs into Andreev pairs in the normal region is a very sensitive probe of phase
breaking events such as spin flip or electron phonon scattering.
In particular coherent transfer of Cooper pairs is a very sensitive probe of magnetism at the
single molecule level. In this spirit, we discuss experiments on metallo-fullerenes trapped between
suspended superconducting electrodes and on nanotubes in the Kondo transport regime.

Collaborations: Riken Institute and University of Basel.


S-I-011

Local structure and superconductivity in boron-doped diamond: 11B-NMR study

H. MUKUDA1, T. TSUCHIDA1, Y. KITAOKA1,


Y. TAKANO2, T. TAKENOUCHI3, H. KAWARADA3 and T. OGUCHI4
1
Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, JAPAN
2
National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047, JAPAN
3
School of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Shinjyuku-ku, Tokyo 169-8555, JAPAN
4
Department of Quantum Matter, ADSM, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima 739-8530, JAPAN
mukuda@mp.es.osaka-u.ac.jp

We have investigated the superconductivity discovered in boron-doped diamonds by means of


11
B-NMR on heteroepitaxially grown (111) and (100) films[1-3]. 11B-NMR spectra for all of the films
are identified to arise from the substitutional B(1) site as single occupation and lower symmetric B(2)
site probably substituted as boron+hydrogen (B+H) complex or B+B dimer, respectively. Clear
evidence is presented that the effective carriers introduced by B(1) substitution are responsible for the
superconductivity, whereas the charge neutral B(2) sites does not offer the carriers effectively[4]. The
result is also corroborated by the density of states deduced by 1/T1T measurement, indicating that the
evolution of superconductivity is driven by the effective carrier introduced by substitution at B(1) site.
We will discuss the relation between the superconductivity and the local structure of doped boron from
microscopic points of view.

[1] E. A. Ekimov et al., Nature 428, 542 (2004)


[2] Y. Takano et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 85, 2851 (2004)
[3] H. Umezawa et al., condmat/ 0503303.
[4] H. Mukuda et al., Phys. Rev. B 75, 033301(2007).
S-I-012

Superconductivity at 32-38 K and peculiar magnetism in amorphous


(and sulfur doped) carbon

ISRAEL FELNER

Racah Institute of Physics, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, 91904, ISRAEL


email:israela@vms.huji.ac.il

DC magnetic studies performed on commercial (75 years old) amorphous carbon (AC) revealed
traces of inhomogeneous superconductivity (SC) at TC=32 K. The AC powder contains a tiny amount
of sulfur (S). The non- superconducting AC samples, exhibit a large zero-field-cooled (ZFC) and field-
cooled (FC) thermal hysteresis in the magnetization curves up to room temperature. A paramagnetic-
like behavior at low temperatures and a pronounced peak at 65-80 K were observed in the ZFC
branches. These peaks may imply spin orientation of carbon atoms with localized electrons.
A mixture of AC and S synthesized at 250 C (AC-S) shifts TC to 38 K and increases
significantly the SC volume fraction. The SC state in AC-S is manifested by the shielding and
Meissner states. It is proposed that in both the pristine AC and AC-S materials, SC stems from an
unknown C-S phase immersed in the AC powder. The H-T phase diagram of AC-S resembles that of
type-II superconductors. However, the anomalies observed, such as: (1) a non-monotonic behavior of
the lower critical field Hc1(T); (2) a pronounced positive curvature of the ―upper critical field
boundary‖ that is associated with the flux lattice melting line Hm(T); (3) a spontaneous ferromagnetic-
like magnetization coexisting with SC, propose a non-standard SC state in AC-S. No SC was found in
a mixture of AC and S synthesized at 400 C. Similar to the non-SC AC materials, a complex inter-
relation between the ZFC and FC branches is observed. The ZFC curves show a pronounced peak
around 70 K and in some cases the FC curves cross these ZFC peaks. The magnetic features observed
are unstable and change within a few hours. The origin of the peculiar phenomena is not yet known.
S-I-013

Search for superconductivity at Van Hove Singularities in carbon nanotubes

Y. YANG1, G. FEDOROV1, S. SHAFRANIUK2, R. M. LEWIS3, B. COOPER3, C. J. LOBB3 and


P. BARBARA1
1
Department of Physics, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
2
Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
3
Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
barbara@physics.georgetown.edu

Single-walled carbon nanotubes are one-dimensional conductors consisting of a layer of carbon


atoms wrapped in the shape of a cylinder, with diameter of a few nanometers and length of several
micrometers. Although it is well known that a carbon nanotube can be semiconducting or metallic
depending on its chirality, the occurrence of superconductivity in this system with a very small number
of conducting channels is still not understood.
Measurements of intrinsic superconductivity in ropes [1] and arrays [2] of carbon nanotubes, as
well as multi-walled carbon nanotubes (carbon nanotubes nested into each other) [3] and films of
boron doped carbon nanotubes [4], show a wide range of critical temperatures, from 500 mK to 12 K.
One possible cause for the large spread in critical temprature is the fact that samples with multiple
nanotubes may contain tubes with different chiralities and thus different electronic properties. Here we
discuss samples made of isolated single-walled carbon nanotubes and relate the occurrence of
superconductivity to their density of states. We measure anomalous transport features indicating that
nanotubes may become superconducting when the gate voltage shifts the Fermi energy into van Hove
singularities of the electronic density of states. In this scenario, the transport features are caused by
proximity effect at the interface between the superconducting nanotube and the normal electrode [5]
and the superconducting properties can be tuned by chemical doping or by applying an electric field.

[1] M. Kociak, et al., Superconductivity in ropes of single-walled carbon nanotubes, Phys. Rev. Lett.
86, 2416-2419 (2001).
[2] Z. K. Tang et al., Superconductivity in 4 angstrom single-walled carbon nanotubes, Science 292,
2462-2465 (2001).
[3] M. Takesue et al., Superconductivity in entirely end-bonded multiwalled carbon nanotubes, Phys.
Rev. Lett. 96, 057001-057004 (2006).
[4] N. Murata et al., Superconductivity in thin films of boron-doped carbon nanotubes, Phys. Rev.
Lett. 101, 027002-027005 (2008).
[5] J. Zhang et al., Zero-bias anomaly and possible superconductivity in single-walled carbon
nanotubes, Phys. Rev. B 74, 155414-155422 (2006).
S-I-014

Electronic structures of boron- or nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes

T. KORETSUNE and S. SAITO

Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, JAPAN


koretune@stat.phys.titech.ac.jp

Carbon nanotubes are considered to be attractive materials for nanoscale electronic device in
the next generations. To control transport properties, impurity doping will play an important role.
Besides, the possibility of superconductivity in carbon nanotube [1,2] by carrier doping is a promising
issue because of high Debye frequency. In fact, several carbon allotropes show superconductivity with
high transition temperatures by carrier doping. Thus, to clarify the effect of impurity doping in carbon
nanotubes, we study boron- or nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes using the density functional theory.
First, we calculate the formation energy to discuss the stability of impurity-doped carbon
nanotubes. It is found that thinner tube needs smaller energy cost for both boron- and nitrogen-doped
nanotubes. Compared to the case of diamond, nitrogen doping is found to be easier than boron doping.
Next, we obtain the electronic structures for various doping rate. From the extrapolation to the low
density limit, we estimate the ionization energy of the boron acceptor state and the nitrogen donor
state. Furthermore, we calculate the density of states at the Fermi level to discuss the possibility of
superconductivity. The result indicates that in boron-doped nanotubes, the density of states at the
Fermi level can be understood as a rigid-band picture [3], whereas in nitrogen-doped nanotubes, there
tends to be only an impurity state at the Fermi level. We will also discuss the effect of three
dimensionality [4] and the electron-phonon interactions.

[1] I. Takesue et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 057001 (2006).


[2] N. Murata et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, 027002 (2008).
[3] T. Koretsune and S. Saito, Phys. Rev. B 77, 165417 (2008).
[4] T. Koretsune and S. Saito, Sci. Technol. Adv. Mater. 9, 044203 (2008).
S-I-015

Reentrant superconductivity and the field-induced magnetic instability in ferromagnetic


superconductors

D. AOKI, T.D. MATSUDA, A. MIYAKE, V. TAUFOUR, E. HASSINGER, G. KNEBEL


and J. FLOUQUET

INAC/SPSMS, CEA-Grenoble, 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054 Grenoble, FRANCE


dai.aoki@cea.fr

The coexistence of ferromagnetism and superconductivity has attracted much attention in the
strongly correlated electron systems. In the past, it had been believed that superconductivity is
antagonistic to ferromagnetism, since the Cooper pairs are easily destroyed by the strong internal field
due to the ferromagnetism. The first breakthrough was the discovery of UGe2 [1], where the
superconductivity emerges in the ferromagnetic phase under pressure, and the superconducting critical
temperature Tsc is lower than the Curie temperature TCurie.
Soon after that, the weak ferromagnet URhGe was found to show superconductivity at ambient
pressure [2]. Tsc (=0.25K) is much lower than TCruie (=9.5K). In spite of this small Tsc, the upper
critical field Hc2 is very large, exceeding the Pauli paramagnetic limit. Thus the nonunitary spin-triplet
paring is most likely realized as a paring symmetry. Surprisingly, the field-reentrant superconductivity
was found between 8 and 13T in URhGe, when the field is applied along the hard magnetization b-
axis, where the metamagnetic transition occurs at HR=12T [3]. Thus the field induced quantum critical
point is discussed. Recently we found the enhancement of effective mass near HR, which can explain
the reentrant superconductivity by adopting the McMillan-type formula [4].
Another ferromagnetic superconductivity was recently found in UCoGe [5,6]. We performed
magnetoresistivity measurements with fine tuning of the field direction on high quality single crystals
[7]. Hc2 is quite anisotropic. Hc2 for H∥b-axis is strongly enhanced with decreasing temperature with an
S-shape and reaches nearly 20T at 0K. These results indicate that the field-induced ferromagnetic
instability or magnetic quantum criticality reinforces superconductivity.

[1] S.S. Saxena, P. Agarwal, K. Ahilan, F.M. Grosche, R.K.W. Haselwimmer, M.J. Steiner, E. Pugh,
I.R. Walker, S.R. Julian, P. Monthoux, G.G. Lonzarich, A. Huxley, I. Sheikin, D. Braithwaite and J.
Flouquet, Nature 406, 587 (2000).
[2] D. Aoki, A. Huxley, E. Ressouche, D. Braithwaite, J. Flouquet, J.-P. Brison, E. Lhotel and C.
Paulsen, Nature 413, 613 (2001).
[3] F. Lévy, I. Sheikin, B. Grenier and A.D. Huxley, Science 309, 1343 (2005).
[4] A. Miyake, D. Aoki and J. Flouquet, J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 77, 094709 (2008).
[5] N.T. Huy, A. Gasparini, D.E. de Nijs, Y. Huang, J.C.P. Klaasse, T. Gortenmulder, A. de Visser, A.
Hamann, T. Görlach and H.v. Löhneysen, Phys. Rev. Lett. 99, 067006 (2007).
[6] E. Hassinger, D. Aoki, G. Knebel and J. Flouquet, J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 77, 073703 (2008).
[7] D. Aoki, T.D. Matsuda, V. Taufour, E. Hassinger, G. Knebel and J. Flouquet, J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 78,
113709 (2009).
S-I-016

Normal state electronic structure of iron-pnictides investigated by the de Hass-van Alphen Effect

A. CARRINGTON1, A.I. COLDEA1, H. SHISHIDO3, J.A. ANALYTIS4, A. BANGURA1,


K. HASHIMOTO1,3, P. ROURKE1, M. YAMASHITA2, S. KASAHARA3, Y. SENSHU2,
N. NAKATA2, S. TONEGAWA2, K. IKADA2, T. TERASHIMA3, H. IKEDA2, T. SHIBAUCHI2,
Y. MATSUDA2, Y. ONUKI5, D. VIGNOLLES6, C. PROUST6, B. VIGNOLLE6,
A. MCCOLLAM7, J.-H. CHU4, I.R. FISHER4 and R.D. MCDONALD8
1
H. H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, UK
2
Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, JAPAN
3
Research Center for Low Temperature and Materials Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, JAPAN
4
Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, USA
5
Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, JAPAN
6
Laboratoire National des Champs Magnétiques Pulsés, UMR CNRS-UPS-INSA 5147, Toulouse, FRANCE
7
Radboud University Nijmegen, High Field Magnet Laboratory, Faculty of Science, 6500 GL Nijmegen, NETHERLANDS
8
Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA

Discovering how the Fermi surface of the Iron-pnictides evolves as a function of the various
material parameters which drive the material from an antiferromagnetic spin density wave state,
through the superconducting dome and eventually towards a paramagnetic non-superconducting metal,
should be an important step towards a theory of the mechanism that drives high temperature
superconductivity in these materials. Measurements of the de Hass-van Alphen effect give a unique
insight into the bulk three dimensional normal state electronic structures of these materials. Here I will
discuss measurements of the Fermi surface of several different iron-pnictide materials using the dHvA
effect. Measurements of stoichiometric phosphide materials including superconducting LaFePO [1]
and non-superconducting SrFe2P2 [2] reveal that their band-structure is generally in good overall
agreement with band-structure calculations but with some important differences. It is found that the
sections of Fermi-surface which are closest to fulfilling a nesting condition are significantly shifted in
energy and reduced in size compare to the calculations. The quasiparticle masses are enhanced by a
factor of around 2. This trend is clearly demonstrated in measurements of the BaFe2(As1-xPx)2 family
[3]. In this series the isoelectronic cross-substitution of As and P does not cause too dramatic an
increase in the scattering rate (at least on the electron Fermi surface sheets), so is it is possible to
observe quantum (dHvA) oscillations even in samples with Tc as high as 25 K. These measurements
show that as x is decreased from the non-superconducting compositions (x>0.75) towards the optimal
value for superconductivity (x=0.33, Tc=30 K), the Fermi surface sheets shrink in size and the quasi-
particle effective mass is significantly enhanced. These effect are likely not due to simple one-
electron band-structure effects but rather originate from the same many-body effect which lead to high
temperature superconductivity as the quantum critical point of the phase diagram is approached.

[1] A.I. Coldea et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, 216402, (2008)
[2] J.A. Analytis et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 076401, (2009)
[3] H. Shishido et al., arXiv:0910.3634 (2009).
S-I-017

Chemical and structural aspects of iron pnictide superconductors

D. JOHRENDT

Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, GERMANY


johrendt@lmu.de

BaFe2As2 is the parent compound of the 122-type iron arsenides [1] where superconductivity
up to 38 K can be induced by several kinds of doping [2-4] or by pressure [5]. It is widely accepted
that superconductivity in iron arsenides is unconventional and a number of experiments agree with the
s±-scenario [6]. The latter relies on Fermi surface nesting which depends on both the electron count
and the crystal structure. However, the coincidence of doping and pressure effects on the structure as
well as a remarkable scaling of the Tc with the As-Fe-As bond angle of BaFe2As2 emphasizes the role
of the structure [7]. Another open issue is the co-existence of superconductivity and antiferromagnetic
ordering. 57Fe-Mössbauer experiments with underdoped Ba0.8K0.2Fe2As2 (Tc = 24 K) revealed full
magnetic splitting, which indicates such a co-existence [8].
Recently reported compounds like Sr2VO3FeAs (Tc = 37-45 K) are promising candidates for
higher Tc due to the stronger anisotropy of the crystal structure, but their crystal chemistry is not yet
understood. By neuton diffraction experiments with non-superconducting Sr2CrO3FeAs, we have
detected a significant non-stoichiometry of the Fe-site according to Fe0.93(1)Cr0.07(1) and C-type
antiferromagnetic ordering of the Cr3+-layers [9]. The Cr-doping of the FeAs layer is probably
detrimental to superconductivity in Sr2CrO3FeAs as it is known from Cr-doped BaFe2As2. A similar
non-stoichiometry may also play a vital role in superconducting Sr2VO3FeAs.

[1] M. Rotter, M. Tegel, I. Schellenberg, et al., Phys. Rev. B 78, 020503 (2008).
[2] M. Rotter, M. Tegel, and D. Johrendt, Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, 107006 (2008).
[3] S. Jiang, C. Wang, Z. Ren, et al., J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 21, 382203 (2009).
[4] A. S. Sefat, R. Jin, M. A. McGuire, et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, 117004 (2008).
[5] P. L. Alireza, Y. T. C. Ko, J. Gillett, et al., J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 21, 012208 (2009).
[6] I. Mazin, D. J. Singh, M. D. Johannes, et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, 057003 (2008).
[7] M. Rotter, M. Pangerl, M. Tegel, et al., Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 47, 7949 (2008).
[8] M. Rotter, M. Tegel, I. Schellenberg, et al., New J. Phys. 11, 025014 (2009).
[9] M. Tegel, Y. Su, F. Hummel, et al., arXiv0911.0450.
S-I-018

NMR studies on iron-pnictide superconductors

K. ISHIDA1,2, Y. NAKAI1,2, S. KITAGAWA1,2, T. IYE1,2, Y. KAMIHARA2,3, M. HIRANO3,


H. HOSONO3,4, S. KASAHARA5, T. SHIBAUCHI1, Y. MATSUDA1 and T. TERASHIMA5
1
Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, JAPAN
2
TRIP, JST, Sanban-cho, Chiyoda, Tokyo 102-0075, JAPAN
3
Materials and Structures Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8503, JAPAN
4
Frontier Research Center, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8503, JAPAN
5
Research Center for Low Temperature and Materials Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606, 8502, JAPAN
kishida@scphys.kyoto-u.ac.jp

We present NMR results on iron-pnictide superconductors of LaFeAs(O1-xFx) and BaFe2(As1-


P )
x x 2 . In LaFeAs(O1-xFx), 1/T1 in the undoped LaFeAsO exhibits a distinct peak at TN ~ 142 K below
which NMR spectra become broadened due to the internal magnetic field attributed to an
antiferromagnetic (AFM) ordering. In the x=0.04 sample, 1/T1T of 75As exhibits a Curie-Weiss
temperature dependence down to 30 K, suggesting the development of AFM spin fluctuations, and
decreases below superconducting(SC)-transition temperature Tc ~ 16 K. The AFM fluctuations are
significantly suppressed with F-doping, and a pseudogap behavior is observed in 1/T1T in the x=0.11
sample with a maximum Tc ~ 23 K in LaFeAs(O1-xFx) [1]. The spin dynamics vary markedly with F-
doping, which is ascribed to the change of the nesting between hole and electron Fermi-surfaces by
the electron doping, and the pseudogap behavior in 1/T1T is shown to originate from the
characteristic energy dependence of the density of state around the Fermi energy. The significant
suppression of 1/T1T upon F doping while Tc remains nearly unchanged suggests that the low-energy
AFM fluctuations probed by the NMR measurements do not play an important role in the
superconductivity in LaFeAs(O1-xFx)[2].
On the contrary, 1/T1T in BaFe2(As0.67P0.33)2 with a maximum Tc ~ 30 K in BaFe2(As1-xPx)2
continues to increase down to Tc, indicating the development of the AFM fluctuations, and sharply
decreases below Tc due to opening of the SC gap. The AFM fluctuations are suppressed and Tc also
decreases with increasing P content. From the analyses of 1/T1T in the normal state, it is shown that
the maximum Tc sample is located in the vicinity of the quantum critical point of the AFM ordering,
and that the AFM fluctuations are intimately related to the superconductivity in BaFe2(As1-xPx)2. It
was found that the relationship between the AFM fluctuations and superconductivity are quite
different between LaFeAs(O1-xFx) and BaFe2(As1-xPx)2.
We also show that the SC gap in BaFe2(As0.67P0.33)2 revealed by 1/T1 below Tc possesses the
residual density of state near EF, suggesting the presence of the nodes in the SC gap[3]. This is
different from other iron-pnictide superconductors. We discuss possible SC state in
BaFe2(As0.67P0.33)2 and other iron pnictides, and the similarity between BaFe2(As0.67P0.33)2 and
heavy-fermion superconductors.

[1] Y. Nakai, K. Ishida, Y. Kamihara, M. Hirano, and H. Hosono, J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 77, 073701
(2008).
[2] Y. Nakai, S. Kitagawa, K. Ishida, Y. Kamihara, M. Hirano, and H. Hosono, New Journal Of
Physics 11, 045004 (2009).
[3] Y. Nakai, T. Iye, S. Kitagawa, K. Ishida, S. Kasahara, T. Shibauchi, Y. Matsuda, and T. Terashima,
arXiv. 0908.0625.
S-I-019

Anisotropy of the normal and superconducting states of iron pnictides: Charge and heat
transport measurements

M. A. TANATAR1, N. NI1,2, S. L. BUD‘KO1,2, P.C.CANFIELD1,2 , J.-P. REID3,


H. SHAKERIPOUR3, X.-G. LUO3, N. DOIRON-LEYRAUD3, L. TAILLEFER3,4 and
R. PROZOROV1,2
1
Ames Laboratory US DOE, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
2
Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
3
Departement de Physique, Universite de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec J1K 2R1, CANADA
4
Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Toronto, Ontario, CANADA
tanatar@ameslab.gov

Anisotropy of the electronic transport is used to characterize the electronic structure and
superconducting pairing mechanism of electron-doped iron arsenide superconductors Ba(Fe,Co)2As2.
The anisotropy of electrical resistivity in the normal state is very modest at room temperature, but
increases on cooling [1,2]. The temperature dependence of the inter-plane resistivity is found to be
different from that for the resistivity for current flow along the tetragonal plane.
In the superconducting state, measurements of thermal conductivity reveal systematic evolution
of the anisotropy of the superconducting gap with doping [3]. The gap evolves from being big of all
Fermi surface into highly anisotropic for the compositions with doping level higher than optical.
Implications of these finding for the superconducting pairing mechanism will be discussed.

[1] M. A. Tanatar, N. Ni, C. Martin, R. T. Gordon, H. Kim, V. G. Kogan, G. D. Samolyuk,S. L.


Bud‘ko, P. C. Canfield, and R. Prozorov, Phys. Rev. B 79, 094507 (2009).
[2] M. A. Tanatar, N. Ni, G. D. Samolyuk, S. L. Bud'ko, P. C. Canfield, and R. Prozorov, Phys. Rev. B
79, 134528 (2009).
[3] M. A. Tanatar, J.-Ph. Reid, H. Shakeripour, X. G. Luo, N. Doiron-Leyraud, N. Ni, S. L. Bud'ko, P.
C. Canfield, R. Prozorov, and Louis Taillefer, arXiv:0907.1276.
S-I-020

Role of disorder on Fe based oxypnictides superconductors

M.PUTTI1, M.TROPEANO1, I.PALLECCHI1, G.LAMURA1, C.FERDEGHINI1, A.MARTINELLI1,


A.PALENZONA1, M.R.CIMBERLE2, C.TARANTINI3, A.GUREVICH3 , D.C.LARBALESTIER3,
Y. SHEN4 , R.K.SINGH4, J.M. ROWELL4, N. NEWMAN4, P. CHENG5, Y. JIA5 and H.H.WEN5
1
CNR-INFM-LAMIA, University of Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, I-16146 Genova, ITALY
2
CNR-IMEM, Dipartimento di Fisica, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genova, ITALY
3
Applied Superconductivity Center, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, FSU, Tallahassee, FL, USA
4
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, ASU, Tempe, AZ, USA
5
Institute of Physics, National Laboratory of Condensed MatterPhysics, Beijing, CHINA
putti@fisica.unige.it

The strong dependence of structural, electronic and magnetic properties of Fe based


superconductors on chemical substitution makes rather complex to separate the effects of disorder,
doping and magnetisms on the superconducting properties of these compounds. For this reason the role
of disorder has not yet been clarified.
In this work we investigated the suppression of Tc in a NdFeAsO0.7F0.3 single crystal irradiated
with 2MeV -particles and in a series of SmFe AsO0.85F0.15 in which Fe has been progressively
substituted by isovalent Ru. Our results indicate that irradiation defects produce both nonmagnetic and
magnetic scattering, resulting in a significant Kondo-like excess resistance (T)  lnT above Tc over
2 decades in temperature, whereas isovalent substitution produces only nonmagnetic scattering.
With introducing disorder Tc progressively decreases and the upper critical field evolves in
both the series indicating that the dirty limit condition is established. However, despite very high
densities of defects, the rate at which Tc is suppressed to zero is far lesser than that observed for
cuprates and similar to that found for the s-wave two-band superconductor MgB2. This is even more
remarkable taking into account that irradiation increases significantly magnetic scattering, which is
considered strongly pair-breaking also in s-wave superconductors.
The observed resilience of multiband superconductivity in pnictides to strong magnetic and
nonmagnetic disorder presents a challenge to the existing theories.
S-I-021

Phase diagrams and physical properties of Ba(Fe1-xTMx)2As2 (TM = Co, Ni, Cu, Rh, Pd)

SERGEY L. BUD‘KO

Ames Laboratory, US DOE and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
budko@ameslab.gov

A brief overview and summary of the effects of transition metal (Co, Ni, Cu, Pd, and Rh)
doping on physical properties of BaFe2As2 will be presented. A comparison of the phase diagrams for
different dopants will be examined in detail. A range of experimental parameters that allow for the
stabilization of superconductivity will be outlined [1-3]. The evolution of physical properties with
doping, in particular, a possible Lifshitz transition at low doping as inferred from thermoelectric power
and Hall measurements (as well as ARPES) will be examined [4,5]. In addition, a "universal" behavior
of specific heat jump at Tc and peculiarities of thermal expansion in Ba(Fe1-xCox)2As2 for a wide range
of Co-concentrations will be discussed [6,7].
In collaboration with P. C. Canfield, N. Ni, E. D. Mun, A. Kracher and A. Thaler. Work at the
Ames Laboratory was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy — Basic Energy Sciences under
Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11358.

[1] N. Ni, et al., Phys. Rev. B 78, 214515 (2008).


[2] P.C. Canfield, et al., Phys. Rev. B 80, 060501 (2009).
[3] N. Ni, et al., Phys. Rev. B 80, 024511 (2009).
[4] E.D. Mun, et al., Phys. Rev. B 80, 054517 (2009).
[5] C. Liu, et al., arXiv:0910.1799.
[6] S.L. Bud‘ko, et al., Phys. Rev. B 79, 220516 (2009).
[7] S.L. Bud‘ko, et al., Phys. Rev. B 79, 054525 (2009).
S-I-022

Non-fermi liquid transport properties and non-universal gap structure in iron-pnictide High-Tc
superconductors

T. SHIBAUCHI1, K. HASHIMOTO1, M. YAMASHITA1, S. KASAHARA2, Y. SENSHU1,


N. NAKATA1, S. TONEGAWA1, K. IKADA1, A. SERAFIN3, A. CARRINGTON3,
H. SHISHIDO2, T. TERASHIMA2, H. IKEDA1 and Y. MATSUDA1
1
Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, JAPAN
2
Research Center for Low Temperature and Materials Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, JAPAN
3
H. H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
shibauchi@scphys.kyoto-u.ac.jp

The discovery of Fe-pnictide superconductors with transition temperature Tc exceeding 55 K


raises fundamental questions about origin of high-Tc superconductivity. The microscopic pairing
interactions with give rise to superconductivity are intimately related to the structure of the
superconducting energy gap. Recent single-crystal studies in several Fe-arsenide compounds [1,2]
have suggested that the energy gap is fully formed in all directions. This is in sharp contrast to the
high-Tc cuprate superconductors where zeros (nodes) in the energy gap are found at some points on the
Fermi surface.
Here we report normal-state transport properties [3] as well as bulk measurements of the
magnetic penetration depth and heat transport in high-quality single crystals of BaFe2(As1-xPx)2 [4]. In
the normal state at the critical doping near the SDW phase boundary, we find the non-Fermi liquid
transport properties including T-linear resistivity, strong temperature dependence of Hall coefficient,
and violation of Kohler‘s rule in magneto-resistance. These anomalous properties become less
pronounced with x, which points to an important role of antiferromagnetic fluctuations in the non-
Fermi-liquid transport properties in the Fe-pnictides. In the superconducting state, the linear-in-
temperature superfluid density, finite residual normal fluid in the zero-temperature limit and the
striking enhancement of the quasiparticle excitations out of the condensed electrons by magnetic
fields, consistently provide unambiguous evidence for line nodes in the order parameter, where the gap
changes its sign at some lines on the Fermi surface. This is distinctly different from the nodeless gap
found for (Ba,K)Fe2As2 [2] which has similar Tc, electronic structure, and phase diagram. Our results
indicate that repulsive electronic interactions play an essential role for Fe-based high-Tc
superconductivity but that uniquely there are quasi degenerate pairing states, with and without nodes,
which have similar Tc.

[1] K. Hashimoto et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 017002 (2009).


[2] K. Hashimoto et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 207001 (2009).
[3] S. Kasahara et al., arXiv:0905.4427.
[4] K. Hashimoto et al., arXiv:0907.4399.
S-I-023

Appearance and disappearance of superconductivity with Fe site Co substitution in


SmFe1-xCoxAsO (x = 0.0 to 1.0)

V.P.S. AWANA, ANAND PAL and H. KISHAN

National Physical Laboratory (CSIR), Dr. K.S. Krishnan Marg, New Delhi-110012, INDIA
awana@mail.nplindia.ernet.in

We report synthesis, structural details and magnetization of SmFe1-xCoxAsO with x ranging from
0.0 to 1.0 at close interval of 0.10. It is found that Co substitutes fully at Fe site in SmFeAsO in an
iso-structural lattice with slightly compressed cell. The parent compound exhibited known spin density
wave (SDW) character below 150K. Successive doping of Co at Fe site suppressed the SDW transition
for x = 0.05 and later induced superconductivity for x = 0.10, 0.15 and 0.20 respectively at 14, 15.5
and 9K. The lower critical field as seen from magnetization measurements is below 200Oe. The
appearance of bulk superconductivity is established by wide open isothermal magnetization M(H)
loops. For higher content of Co i.e. x  0.30, superconductivity is not observed and instead weak
magnetic order starts appearing at around 300 K. For further higher values of x i.e. for x = 0.80 and 1.0
the magnetic transition becomes slightly prominent and ferromagnetic (FM) like but with a lower
temperatures of around 230 and 130 K respectively. Clearly the Co substitution at Fe site in SmFe 1-
xCoxAsO diminishes the Fe SDW character (x = 0.05), introduces bulk superconductivity for x from
0.10 to 0.20 and finally becomes a non-superconducting FM for x = 0.50, 0.80 and 1.0. The SmCoAsO
also exhibits a secondary AFM like transition at below 30K (Fig.1). The reported AFM ordering of Sm
spins is seen from heat capacity Cp(T) at 4.5 K and the same remains invariant with Co doping in
SmFe1-xCoxAsO. Further the FM ordering of Co-spins (seen in magnetization measurements) is not
evident in Cp(T) studies, suggesting weak correlation between ordered Co-spins in these systems
(Fig.2).

Figure 1. Magnetization of SmCoAsO. Figure 2. Heat capacity of SmCoAsO.


S-I-024

Interplay between magnetism and superconductivity in Fe-pnictides

A.V. CHUBUKOV

Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA


chubukov@physics.wisc.edu

I will share with the audience the excitement in condensed-matter community about the
discovery of a new class of superconductors – Fe-pnictides, with Tc as high as 55 K. The phase
diagram of Fe-pnictides is quite similar to that for high-temperature cuprates, and this fueled early
speculations that the physics should be similar. However, Fe-pnictides differ from the cuprates in one
important aspect – these systems are metals even without doping. I plan to review recent experiments
on three different families of Fe-pnictides, and discuss various theoretical proposals for the pairing
mechanism and the symmetry of the pairing gap. I also plan to discuss magnetically ordered phase in
undoped and weakly doped pnictides, type of magnetic order, and possible co-existence between
magnetism and superconductivity.
S-I-025

Flux pinning regimes in pristine and ion irradiated BaFe2(As1-xPx)2 crystals

M. KONCZYKOWSKI1, C. J VAN DER BEEK1, R. OKAZAKI2, S. KASAHARA2,


T. SHIBAUCHI2 and Y. MATSUDA2
1
Laboratoire des Solides Irradiés, Ecole Polytechnique, 91128 Palaiseau, FRANCE
2
Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, JAPAN
marcin.konczykowski@polytechnique.edu

Semi-metallic pnictides, obtained by partial substitution of arsenic by isovalent phosphorus,


manifest peculiar flux pinning properties. While weak collective pinning description seems to apply
for the other families of charge-doped pnictides, only residual "strong" pinning by extended defects
was identified in isovalently substituted BaFe2(As1-xPx)2. Local magnetic measurements by Hall array
technique were realized on pristine single crystals of BaFe2(As1-xPx)2. Irreversible magnetization loops
show very pronounced central peak. The magnetic field dependence of the irreversible magnetization
and it invariance with thickness (for thin samples) are compatible with model of strong collective
pinning (SCP).1,2
In order to modify pinning properties, we exposed the samples to the beam of 5.8 GeV Pb ions.
Such irradiation is expected to create correlated defects along ion trajectories and induce strong
pinning centers surpassing preexisting disorder. Indeed, magnetic hysteresis was strongly enhanced
after irradiation and the signatures of SCP were depressed. However, the irreversibility line, identified
from the onset of 3rd harmonic generation in AC susceptibility, was essentially unchanged after
exposure to the fluence equivalent to the matching fields of 6T.
In my presentation, I will discuss the implications of those experimental results to the
understanding of the carrier scattering and pairing mechanism of pnictide superconductors.

[1] Yu. N. Ovchinnikov and B. I. Ivlev, Phys. Rev. B 43, 8024 (1991).
[2] C.J. van der Beek et al. Phys.Rev. B 66, 024523 (2002).
S-I-026

Local enhancement of diamagnetic susceptibility in pnictide superconductors

B. KALISKY

Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-4045, USA
Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-4045, USA
beena@stanford.edu

Scanning magnetic probe microscopy is a powerful tool for investigating the pnictides.
Superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) microscopy shows increased diamagnetic
susceptibility on the twin boundaries in underdoped, but not overdoped, single crystals of Ba(Fe1-
xCox)2As2. Vortices avoid pinning on the twins, and prefer to travel parallel to them. These results
indicate a relationship between superfluid density, local strain, and frustrated magnetism, and
demonstrate two mechanisms for enhancing critical currents [1,2]. Scanning SQUID microscopy can
be used to measure locally changes in the a-b plane penetration depth λ(T), with the advantage of
minimizing effects of inhomogeneity and sample-geometry-dependent errors [3]. Magnetic force
microscopy (MFM) can measure the absolute value of the penetration depth, as well as probe the
mechanics of individual isolated vortices [4].

[1] B. Kalisky, J.R. Kirtley, J.G. Analytis, J.-H. Chu, A. Vailionis, I.R. Fisher, K.A. Moler,
arXiv:0906.5184v2
[2] J.R. Kirtley, B. Kalisky, Lan Luan, K.A. Moler, arXiv: 0912.1032
[3] C. W. Hicks, T. M. Lippman, M. E. Huber, J. G. Analytis, J. H. Chu, A. S. Erickson, I. R. Fisher,
and K. A. Moler, Phys. Rev. Lett. 103 127003 (2009).
[4] L. Luan, O. M. Auslaender, T. M. Lippman, C. W. Hicks, B. Kalisky, J. H. Chu, J. G. Analytis, I.
R. Fisher, J. R. Kirtley, and K. A. Moler, arXiv:0909.0744v1
S-I-027

Inter- and intra-granular critical current in iron-pnictides

A. YAMAMOTO1, J. JIANG1, A. POLYANSKII1, F. KAMETANI1, D. ABRAIMOV1,


E. HELLSTROM1, D. LARBALESTIER1, A. PALENZONA2, M. TROPEANO2 and M. PUTTI2
1
1Applied Superconductivity Center, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory
2031 E. Paul Dirac, Dr., Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA
2
Physics Department, University of Genova and CNR/INFM-LAMIA
Via Dodecaneso, 33 - I16146 – Genova, ITALY
yamamoto@asc.magnet.fsu.edu

The iron pnictide superconductors have very high upper critical field Bc2(0) of over 100 T for
1111 and 50-70 T for 122. We have shown [1] that polycrystalline 1111 samples exhibit
electromagnetic granular behavior, perhaps in an analogous way to that seen now to be intrinsic to the
HTS cuprates. Studies of magneto-optical imaging and the field dependence of remanent
magnetization showed that global currents over the whole sample does exist but that the intergranular
and intragranular currents have distinctively different current density and temperature dependence.
Meanwhile it appears that all present polycrystalline oxypnictides are multi-phase. Especially a normal
metal Fe-As impuirty phase wets superconducting grains and produces a dense array of SNS contacts
[2]. On the other hand, very high intra-grain critical current due to the strong pinning reminiscent of
Nb-Ti is observed in the Co doped Ba122 pnictide [3]. In this talk we report our efforts to synthesize
more single phase polycrystalline Sm-1111 samples by employing hot isostatic pressing (HIP) as well
as detailed investigation of the two currents. In particular we are using combinational remanent
magnetization analysis and magneto-optical imaging to study the local variation of current density and
then performing detailed microstructural analysis by SEM, TEM and grain orientation analysis to
understand intergranular current flow in samples synthesized at different temperatures and pressure.

[1] A. Yamamoto et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 92, 252501 (2008); Supercond. Sci. Technol. 21, 095008
(2008).
[2] F. Kametani et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 142502 (2009).
[3] A. Yamamoto et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 94, 062511 (2009).
S-I-028

Impurity effects and current transport in oxypnictides at high magnetic fields

ALEX GUREVICH

National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA
gurevich@magnet.fsu.edu

The effect of impurity scattering and the pairing symmetry on the upper critical fields H c2(T) and
critical temperatures of oxypnictides is discussed with the emphasis on the role of multiband effects on
the observed anomalous temperature dependencies of anisotropic Hc2(T) significantly exceeding the
BCS paramagnetic limit. The results of recent  particle irradiation experiments [1], which show an
unusual resilience of multiband superconductivity in Nd-1111 single crystals to strong magnetic and
nonmagnetic scattering produced by irradiation defects are presented. We also discuss results of recent
experiments on current transport in oxypnictides at high magnetic fields, particularly the effect of
strong thermal activation of vortices [2] and current-blocking effect of grain boundaries [3].

[1] C. Tarantini, M. Putti, A. Gurevich, Y. Shen, R.K. Singh, J.M. Rowell, N. Newman, D.C.
Larbalestier, P. Cheng, Y. Jia, and H-H Wen. arXiv:0910.5198
[2] J. Jaroszynski, L. Balicas, Youn-jung Jo, F. Hunte, I. Raivcevic, A. Gurevich, D. C. Larbalestier, F.
F. Balakirev, Ying Jia, Peng Cheng, Lei Fang, Huiqian Luo, Huan Yang, Cong Ren, Lei Shan,
Changzhi Gu, Hai-Hu Wen. Physical Review B 78, 174523 (2008).
[3] S. Lee, J. Jiang, J. D. Weiss, C. M. Folkman, C. W. Bark, C. Tarantini, A. Xu, D. Abraimov, A.
Polyanskii, C. T. Nelson, Y. Zhang, S. H. Baek, H. W. Jang, A. Yamamoto, F. Kametani, X. Q. Pan,
E. E. Hellstrom, A. Gurevich, C. B. Eom, and D. C. Larbalestier. Applied Physics Letters, 95, 212505
(2009).
S-I-029

Tc=21K in epitaxial FeSe0.5Te0.5 thin films with biaxial compressive strain

E. BELLINGERI1, I. PALLECCHI1, R. BUZIO1, A. GERBI2, D. MARRÈ1,2, M.R. CIMBERLE3,


M. TROPEANO1,2, M. PUTTI1,2, A. PALENZONA1,2 and C.FERDEGHINI1
1
CNR/INFM-LAMIA corso Perrone 24, 16152 Genova, ITALY
2
Dipartimento di Fisica, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genova, ITALY
3
CNR-IMEM, Dipartimento di Fisica, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genova, ITALY
4
Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Via Dodecaneso 31, 16146 Genova, ITALY
carlo.ferdeghini@lamia.infm.it

High purity epitaxial FeSe0.5Te0.5 thin films with different thickness were grown by Pulsed
Laser Ablation on different substrates. By varying the film thickness, T c up to 21K were observed,
significantly larger than the bulk value. Structural analyses indicated that the a axis changes
significantly with the film thickness and is linearly related to the Tc. The latter result indicates the
important role of the compressive strain in enhancing Tc. Tc is also related to both the Fe-(Se,Te) bond
length and angle, suggesting the possibility of further enhancement.
S-I-030

Pauli-limiting behavior at high fields versus enhanced upper critical fields near Tc in several
disordered FeAs based superconductors

G. FUCHS1, S.-L. DRECHSLER1, N. KOZLOVA1, A. KAUFFMANN1, M. BARTKOWIAK2,


G. BEHR1, C. HESS1, R. KLINGELER1, A. KÖHLER1, V. GRINENKO1, K. NENKOV1,
B. BÜCHNER1 and L. SCHULTZ1
1
IFW Dresden, Leibniz-Institut für Festkörper- und Werkstoffforschung Dresden, P.O. Box 270116, D- 01171 Dresden,
GERMANY
2
Hochfeld-Magnetlabor Dresden, Forschungszentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, GERMANY
fuchs@ifw-dresden.de

We report resistivity and upper critical field Bc2(T) data for polycrystalline arsenic-deficient
(AD) LaO0.9F0.1FeAs1- samples and Ba(Fe0.925Co0.075)2As2 (Ba-122) single crystals in a wide
temperature and field range up to 60 T. These disordered samples exhibit significantly enlarged slopes
dBc2/dT = –5.4 T/K (AD sample) and dBc2/dT = –6.2 T/K (Ba-122 for fields H||ab) near Tc which is in
the case of the AD samples combined with a slightly enhanced transition temperature of Tc = 29.0 K.
The high-field Bc2(T) data obtained for H||ab from resistance measurements in pulsed magnetic fields
follow up to about 30 T the WHH (Werthamer-Helfand-Hohenberg) curve for the orbital limited upper
critical field, but show a clear flattening above 30 T. This flattening evidences Pauli limiting behavior
(PLB) with Bc2ab(0)  63 T for the AD sample [1] and Bc2ab(0)  57 T for the Ba-122 single crystal. We
compare our results with Bc2(T) data reported in the literature for clean and disordered samples.
Whereas clean samples show no PLB for fields below 70 T [2] as measured so far, the hitherto
unexplained flattening of Bc2(T) for applied fields H||ab observed for several disordered closely related
systems [3] is interpreted as a manifestation of PLB. Meanwhile, at present in total at least seven
different ferro-pnictide superconductors exhibit PLB which now seems to become a rather general
feature.
The improved superconductivity found in the AD sample and the Ba-122 single crystal at high
temperatures and low fields can be understood within conventional s++-wave superconductivity by
enhanced disorder. In contrast, for clean FeAs superconductors an unconventional s -wave scenario
has been proposed. Based on our results, two alternative scenarios of opposite disorder effects are
suggested: (i) an impurity-driven change of the pairing state from s to conventional s++-wave
superconductivity and (ii) a special impurity-driven stabilization of the s state where the As-vacancies
are assumed to scatter mainly within the bands only, but not between them.
The vortex matter phase diagram of an AD sample and a reference sample without arsenic
vacancies was studied by magnetization measurements. In both cases, a significant variation of the
transition temperature (of about 2.5 K) was detected within the polycrystalline samples. Remarkably,
the grains of the AD sample had slightly higher Tc values than those of the reference sample.
Furthermore, the AD sample exhibits a much more extended vortex lattice range which is due its rather
steep irreversibility line. This is in accord with a strong intragrain pinning effect observed for the AD
samples which contrasts with the very small intergranular current density found for these samples.

[1] G. Fuchs, S.-L. Drechsler, N. Kozlova et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, 237003 (2008).
[2] Y. Kohama, Y. Kamihara, S.A. Baily et al., Phys. Rev. B 79, 144527 (2009).
[3] G. Fuchs, S.-L. Drechsler, N. Kozlova, M. Bartkowiak et al., New J. Physics 11, 075007 (2009).
S-I-032

Single crystal growth and superconducting properties of LnFeAsO (Ln=La, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd) and
AFe2As2 (A=Ba, Ca, Rb, Eu)

J. KARPINSKI1, N.D. ZHIGADLO1, S. KATRYCH1, Z. BUKOWSKI1, R. PUZNIAK1,


K. ROGACKI1, P. MOLL1, B. BATLOGG1, S. WEYENETH2, H. KELLER2, M. TORTELLO3,
R. GONNELLI3 and F. BALAKIREV4
1
Laboratory for Solid State Physics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, SWITZERLAND
2
Physik-Institut der Universität Zürich, 8057 Zurich, SWITZERLAND
3
Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, ITALY
4
High Magnet. Field Lab. Los Alamos, USA
karpinski@phys.ethz.ch

Growth, structure, and superconducting properties of LnFeAsO (Ln=La, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd) and
AFe2As2 (A=Ba, Ca, Eu) single crystals are presented and compared. LnFeAsO single crystals were
grown from flux at high-pressure of 30 kbar. Superconductivity in LnFeAsO has been induced by
partial substitution of O by F, Ln by Th or As by P. Superconducting single crystals of Ba1-xRbxFe2As2,
CaFe2-xCoxAs2 and EuFe2-xCoxAs2 were grown in quartz ampoules from flux at low pressure. X-ray
diffraction studies confirmed high structural perfection of the studied crystals. Four-probe magneto-
resistivity measurements on SmFeAs(O,F) were performed with in- and out-of-plane current flow in
magnetic field up 65 T applied along both the c-axis and the ab-plane. The critical current density was
found to be remarkably high and at low temperature almost independent on field and current direction
and exceeds 106 A/cm2 measured both magnetically and by transport. Isotropic character of critical
current seems to be very promising for practical application of pnictides. The penetration depth
anisotropy γλ and upper critical field anisotropy γH are different and temperature dependent, what
indicates multigap electronic structure. Ba1-xRbxFe2As2 crystals are electronically more isotropic than
LnFeAsO1-xFx, indicative of better coupling of the FeAs layers by the (Ba,Rb) layers than by the
Sm(O,F) layers. Point-Contact Andreev-Reflection spectroscopy studies show the existence of two
gaps in the SmFeAsO1-xFx crystals, which energy varies with doping level. Magnetic field dependence
of the superfluid density in SmFeAsO1-xFx was determined. This experimental observation can be
reliably described theoretically, invoking a two-gap mechanism, where the superfluid density to the
large gap is field independent, whereas that of the small gap is strongly suppressed with increasing
magnetic field.
S-I-033

Transport and superconducting properties of Sr0.6K0.4Fe2As2 superconductors: The role of silver


addition

YANWEI MA, L. WANG, Y. P. QI, D. L. WANG, X. P. ZHANG and Z. S. GAO

Key Laboratory of Applied Superconductivity, Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences,
P. O. Box 2703, Beijing 100190, CHINA
ywma@mail.iee.ac.cn

We present our recent progress in Sr0.6K0.4Fe2As2 bulks and tapes in this talk, especially on the
efforts to improve Jc by silver addition. The bulks and tapes, fabricated by the in-situ powder in tube
(PIT) method, were heat treated at 800-900C. We found that the transition temperature Tc was not
depressed, and the irreversibility field Hirr, magnetic and transport critical current density Jc were
much enhanced upon Ag addition. Most interestingly, we also demonstarted that significant
improvement of transport Jc in 122 type tapes is attributed to the absence of reaction layer between the
silver sheath and superconducting core, as well as an improved connectivity between grains. The
utilizing of Ag sheath as well as Ag addition can be very beneficial in the fabrication of Fe-based
superconducting tapes for potential applications.
S-I-034

Iron pnictide oxides with thick perovskite-type blocking layers

H. OGINO1,2, K. KISHIO1,2 and J. SHIMOYAMA1,2


1
Department of Applied Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, JAPAN
2
JST-TRIP, Sanban-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0075, JAPAN
tuogino@mail.ecc.u-tokyo.ac.jp

Since the discovery of high-Tc superconductivity in REFeAsO system (abbreviated as 1111)[1],


development of new materials containing iron tetragonal lattice become subject of study. From ten years
before, we have developed materials composed by antifluorite Cu2S2 layers and perovskite-type oxide
layers[2], and last year similar compound (Sr3Sc2O5)Fe2As2[3] has been reported. Because of flexibility of
perovskite-type structure, there is a possibility of new materials in this system by changing elements and/or
structure of the perovskite layers. We have discovered new system of iron pnictides (Fe2Pn2)(Sr4M2O6) by
systematic investigation of the system. As shown in Fig. 1, the structure of the compounds consists of
stacking of FePn layers and perovskite-type oxide layers, and interlayer Fe-Fe distances of about 16 Å are
the longest ever reported in iron pnictides. Many cations can be introduced to the oxide layer such as
Sc3+[4], Cr3+[5], V3+[6] and combination of the cations(Mg2+/Ti4+[7]). Moreover, perovskite-based system
tends to have lower Pn-Fe-Pn angle and higher pnictogen height compared to 1111 system as shown in the
fig. 2. Those structural features indicate the potential of higher Tc in this system. Superconductivity at 17 K
in (Fe2P2)(Sr4Sc2O6), which is the highest in FeP-based materials, strongly suggests that this system is a
new family of iron-based superconductors. Though its arsenic relatives (Fe2As2)(Sr4Sc2O6) and
(Fe2As2)(Sr4Cr2O6) did not show superconductivity until now, (Fe2As2)(Sr4(Mg,Ti)2O6) show high Tc
superconductivity above 30 K at ambient pressure and above 40 K under high pressure. Moreover,
superconductivity in (Fe2As2)(Sr4(Mg,Ti)2O6) can be induced by Co substitution of Fe like 1111. These
facts indicate that at least second highest Tc after 1111 system is possible and control of carrier
concentration is also important in this system. The large variety of structures and elements in perovskite-
type layers will open new windows for search of iron pnictide superconductors and we believe still there
are rooms for development of new materials. Summary of our research in this system as well as recent
progress will be presented.

1] Kamihara et al., JACS 130 (2008) 3296.


[2] Otzschi et al., J. Low Temp. Phys. 117 (1999) 729.
[3] Zhu et al., Phys. Rev. B 79 (2009) 024516.
[4] Ogino et al., SUST 22 (2009) 075008.
[5] Ogino et al., SUST 22 (2009) 085001.
[6] Zhu et al., Phys. Rev. B 79 (2009) 220512(R).
[7] Sato et al., arXiv:0909.2945
Fig. 1 Crystal structure of (Fe2Pn2)(Sr4M2O6). Fig. 2 Relationship between pnictogen height, Pn-Fe-
Pn angle and a axis length of iron pnictides. Chemical
formulas are abbreviated such as M426 for
(Fe2Pn2)(Sr4M2O6).
S-I-035

Structural and electric transport properties of epitaxially grown superconducting iron based
pnictide thin films prepared by Pulsed Laser Deposition

B. HOLZAPFEL, M. KIDSZUN, S. HAINDL, K. IIDA, T. D. THERSLEFF, S. BAUNACK,


A. KAUFFMANN, K. NENKOV, G. FUCHS, N. KOZLOVA, J. FREUDENBERGER, J. WERNER
and L. SCHULTZ

B.Holzapfel@ifw-dresden.de

Since the discovery of high-temperature superconductivity in LaFeAsO1-xFx by Kamihara et al.


an intensive investigation of this material system has started. We report on the progress in
superconducting thin film fabrication of the so called 1111 and 122 phase superconductors. Both
polycrystalline and epitaxial thin films were successfully grown by a two step Pulsed Laser Deposition
approach for the 1111-LaFeAs(O,F) superconductors. For Co substituted 122-BaFeAs thin films in-
situ epitaxial growth is possible on a number of substrate materials. Structural investigations by XRD
and TEM indicate a nearly phase pure and homogeneous film growth. For the 1111 films resistive
measurements show a high superconductive transition temperature up to 28 K and pulsed field
investigations up to 40 T demonstrate a steep slope of the upper critical field. An overview on the
current status with regard to the obtained magnetic phase diagram including the results of U(I)-
measurements, critical current and anisotropy for both systems will be presented. Further, the role of
flux pinning and possible applications will be discussed.
S-I-036

Lattice effects and two-component physics in layered high temperature superconductors

ANNETTE BUSSMANN-HOLDER
1
Max-Planck-Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstr. 1, D-70569 Stuttgart, GERMANY
a.bussmann-holder@fkf.mpg.de

The occurrence of high temperature superconductivity in layered cuprates or pnictides is


frequently attributed to strong electronic correlations. However, a variety of unusual lattice and isotope
effects [1] strongly suggest that a purely electronic mechanism fails in capturing the basic properties of
these material classes.
Here we show that both systems are multi component materials with multiple order parameters.
While one subsystem shows strong polaronic effects, the other exhibits the properties of the undoped
parent compounds. The interaction between both is through the lattice where especially strong strain
fields enhance the interaction. As a consequence pressure is crucial in enhancing or suppressing the
superconducting transition temperature.
The polaronic nature of the carriers has two complementary effects since the electronic degrees
of freedom are exponentially renormalized whereby various unconventional isotope effects are
induced [2]. On the other hand the lattice degrees of freedom experience a rigid oscillator shift which
leads to local mode softening and novel temperature dependences in the local Debye-Waller factor [3].
Further consequences of the above detailed model are discussed and applications to cuprates
and pnictides demonstrated.

[1] For a recent review see: H. Keller, A. Bussmann-Holder and K. A. Müller, Materials Today 11, 38
(2008).
[2] A. Bussmann-Holder and H. Keller, Europ. Phys. J. 44, 487 (2005).
[3] A. Bussmann-Holder, A. R. Bishop, H. Keller, A. Simon, and K. A. Müller, J. Supercond., in press.
S-I-037

Lattice anomalies and HTSC in pnictides and cuprates studied by XAS: Polaron resonance as a
common clue

H. OYANAGI and C. J. ZHANG

Photonics Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology,
1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba 305-8568, JAPAN
h.oyanagi@aist.go.jp

The mechanism of newly discovered iron pnictide superconductors RFeAsO1-xFx (R=La, Sm) [1]
is still unclear. DFT calculations indicated a weak electron-phonon coupling while mechanisms based
on strong electron correlation are also unlikely as Hubbard U is small (U<W). We studied temperature-
dependent local lattice structures in RFeAsO1-xFx (R=La, Sm) by extended x-ray absorption ※ne
structure (EXAFS) [2] and compared with cuprates [3]. As electron carriers are introduced by doping
with F ions in iron pnictides, pnictgen coordination around Fe atom shows unusual lattice distortion,
described as anomalous behaviour of the mean-square relative displacement below T*. Such a local
lattice displacement (leading to two distinct Fe-As bond lengths R1 and R2 where R= R1-R2~0.1 Å),
is a signature of localized polaron formation [4] rather than stripe order [5]. In pnictides and cuprates,
onset of lattice anomalies coincides the opening of pseudogap, followed by a sharp polaron resonance
(tunneling) [6-8] at the critical temperature of superconductivity. Although magnitude of bond
disproportionation is smaller in pnictides than in cuprates, dependences on carrier doping and
temperature are quite similar. Recent magnetic impurity effects in cuprates [3] further indicate that
planar anti-Jahn Teller (JT) lattice distortion modes suppress magnetic pair breaking, suggesting strong
coupling between polaronic distortion and HTSC. Carrier-induced local lattice distortions observed in
cuprates and pnictides may serve as a common clue to microscopic HTSC mechanis although how
polaronic resonance drives Cooper pairing or supercurrent arising from spin vortices [9] is still an open
question. Presence of polaronic lattice and resonance is revealed by local lattice studies which is
considered as a common clue to the unsolved problem of HTSC.

[1] Y. Kamihara et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 130, 3296 (2008).


[2] C. Zhang et al., Phys. Rev. B 78, 214513 (2008).
[3] C. Zhang et al., Phys. Rev. B 79, 064521 (2009).
[4] S. Miyaki et al., J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 77, 034702 (2008).
[5] A. Bianconi et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 76, 3412 (1996).
[6] A. Bussmann-Holder et al., Europhys. Lett. 72, 423 (2005).
[7] J. Mustre de Leon et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 65, 1675 (1990)
[8] J. Ranninger et al. Phys. Rev. B 78, 054527 (2008).
[9] H. Koizumi, J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 77 (2008) 034712.
S-I-038

Isotope effect and role of pressure in a polaronic model

J. MUSTRE DE LEÓN1 and A.R. BISHOP 2


1
Departamento de Física Aplicada, Cinvestav-Mérida, Mérida, 97300 MÉXICO
2
Theory Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos NM,87545 USA
mustre@ cinvestav.mx

We present an electron-phonon model Hamiltonian on a three-site cluster. The three-site


cluster was identified with the O(4)-Cu(1)-O(4) present in YBa2CuO7, in order to interpret the
presence of local lattice distortions from x-ray absorption fine structure experiments However, the
results obtained with the use of this model have a more general applicability. The model Hamiltonian
contains an electronic part represented by a single band Hubbard model with onsite electronic
correlations and a phononic part consisting of non-interacting Raman and infrared active phonons. For
strong electron-phonon coupling this model generates polaron formation. Both the electron-electron
correlation and electron-phonon interaction play a crucial role in polaron formation. Using this model
we have compared excitation spectra, and the isotopic effect on the spectra with available experimental
data in YBa2CuO7 and La2CuO4.1. We have simulated the effect of application of hydrostatic pressure
in the polaron formation using this model. Finally, we discuss the effect of the superconducting
transition on the experimentally observed lattice distortions and relate these to recent two component
models of superconductivity.
S-I-039

Isotope effects and multi-band superconductivity in layered high-temperature superconductors

H. KELLER

Physik-Institut der Universität Zürich,Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zürich, SWİTZERLAND


keller@physik.uzh.ch

High-temperature superconductors (HTSs) such as cuprates, MgB2, and the iron-based


superconductors appear to have some common features: 1) they have a layered structure with strongly
anisotropic properties, 2) they show pronounced isotope effects (on various physical quantities in the
cuprates, including the superconducting transition temperature, the superconducting gap, the in-plane
penetration depth, the pseudogap temperature, the antiferromagnetic transition temperature, and the
spin-glass freezing temperature, 3) they are multi-band superconductors with mixed order parameters.
In the first part some isotope effect results obtained for cuprate HTSs, MgB2, and iron-based HTSs are
discussed. These results clearly demonstrate that lattice effects play an essential role in the basic
physics of these layered HTSs and are the origin of these isotope effects. In the second part it is shown
that the cuprate and iron-based HTSs are multi-band superconductors, similar to MgB2. Magnetic
penetration depth measurements in cuprate HTSs reveal that the in-plane superconducting order
parameter is a mixture of s+d-wave symmetry, whereas it is mainly s-wave along the c-direction.
Various experiments indicate that the iron-based HTSs are also multi-band superconductors.
S-I-040

Key pairing interaction in cuprate and related superconductors

A.S. ALEXANDROV

Department of Physics, Loughborough University, UNITED KINGDOM


a.s.alexandrov@lboro.ac.uk

It has been now over 20 years since the discovery of the first high temperature superconductor by
Georg Bednorz and Alex Müller and yet, despite intensive effort, no universally accepted theory exists
about the origin of superconductivity in cuprates. A controversial issue on weather the electron-phonon
interaction (EPI) is crucial for high-temperature superconductivity or weak and inessential has been one of
the most challenging problems of contemporary condensed matter physics. First-principles calculations
based on density functional theory (DFT) often predict a rather weak EPI insufficient to explain high
transition temperatures in the framework of the conventional (BCS) theory. Hence many researchers
maintain that the repulsive electron-electron interaction in novel superconductors is pairing and provides
high transition temperatures without phonons.
We as some other researchers are of the opinion that EPI is considerably enhanced by correlation
effects beyond DFT. Here I present our recent theoretical results, which in conjunction with a number of
experimental observations provide a definite answer to the fundamental question on a key pairing
interaction in high-temperature superconductors. Theoretical studies using advanced numerical (QMC)
techniques have shown that purely repulsive models do not account for high-temperature superconductivity
[1]. On the other hand our recent QMC studies have found that even a relatively weak finite-range EPI
induces substantial d-wave superconducting order in strongly-correlated Mott-Hubbard insulators [2],
while a strong finite-range EPI provides superlight small bipolarons, which bose-condense at high
temperatures [3]. Besides, there is direct experimental evidence that EPI is an important player, e.g. from
isotope substitution experiments, high resolution angle resolved photoemission (ARPES), earlier optical,
neutron-scattering, recent pump-probe [4,5] and tunnelling [6] spectroscopes. Some time ago I proposed
that the true origin of high-temperature superconductivity is found in a proper combination of strong
electron-electron correlations with the significant finite-range EPI, so that low energy quasi-particles are
small mobile polarons and bipolarons in cuprate superconductors [7]. We have shown that the conventional
finite-range EPI explains the unconventional symmetry of the superconducting order parameter both in the
weak-coupling (BCS) and in the strong-coupling (bipolaronic) regimes [8], and localization of quasi-
particles below the mobility edge in the impurity band of doped charge-transfer Mott insulators accounts
for the giant normal state Nernst effect [9] and diamagnetism [10], unusual ARPES [11] and tunnelling
[12] spectra of cuprates.

[1] T. Aimi and M. Imada, J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 76 (2007) 113708.


[2] T. M. Hardy, J. P. Hague, J. H. Samson, and A.S. Alexandrov, Phys. Rev. B79, 212501 (2009).
[3] J. P. Hague, P. E. Kornilovitch, J. H. Samson, and A. S. Alexandrov, Phys. Rev. Lett. 98 (2007) 037002.
[4] Z. Radoviš, N. Boţoviš, and I. Boţoviš, Phys. Rev. B77 (2008) 092508.
[5] C. Gadermaier et al., arXiv:0902.1636.
[6] H. Shim, P. Chaudhari, G. Logvenov, and I. Bozovic, Phys. Rev. Lett. 101 (2008) 247004.
[7] A. S. Alexandrov, Phys. Rev. B53 (1996) 2863.
[8] A. S. Alexandrov, Phys. Rev. B77 (2008) 094502.
[9] A. S. Alexandrov and V. N. Zavaritsky, Phys. Rev. Lett. 93 (2004) 217002.
[10] A. S. Alexandrov, Phys. Rev. Lett. 96 (2006) 147003.
[11] A. S. Alexandrov and K. Reynolds, Phys. Rev. B76 (2007) 132506.
[12] A. S. Alexandrov and J. Beanland, to be published (2009).
S-I-041

Enhanced superconducting properties of in situ MgB2 wires after Cold High Pressure
densification

C. SENATORE, M.S.A. HOSSAIN and R. FLUKIGER

Department of Condensed Matter Physics & MaNEP/NCCR, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva 4, SWITZERLAND
carmine.senatore@unige.ch

The cold high pressure densification technique (CHPD) was recently developed in Geneva for
improving the in-field critical current density Jc in in situ binary and alloyed MgB2 wires and tapes [1,
2]. For wires alloyed with malic acid (C4H6O5), the highest Jc values reported so far in in situ wire
were found, reaching 104 A/cm2 at 13.4 T.
In order to understand the fundamental mechanism behind this improvement of Jc, the pinning
properties of binary and alloyed MgB2 wires have been investigated before and after CHPD, using
resistivity and magnetization measurements in the temperature range 5-35 K at magnetic fields up to
15 T.
The effect of this process on the electrical transport properties is related to the enhancement of
the MgB2 filament mass density and thus to the improved grain connectivity. A model is proposed for
explaining the reported enhancement of Jc on the basis of the Tc distribution measured on binary and
alloyed MgB2 wires and bulk samples.

[1] R. Flükiger, M.S.A. Hossain, C. Senatore, Strong enhancement of Jc in binary and alloyed in-situ
MgB2 wires by a new approach: Cold High Pressure Densification, arXiv: 0901.4546.
[2] M.S.A. Hossain, C. Senatore, M.A. Rindfleisch, M.J. Tomsic, J. H. Kim, S. X. Dou , R. Flükiger,
Enhancement of Jc and Birr of in situ MgB2 wires and tapes alloyed with C4H6O5 (malic acid) after cold
densification, submitted to Supercond. Sci. Technol.
S-I-042

Formation, flux pinning, connectivity, and the evolution of structural and superconducting
properties with heat treatment time in in-situ-C-doped MgB2

E.W. COLLINGS, M.A. SUSNER, S.D. BOHNENSTIEHL and M.D. SUMPTION

The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA


collings.2@osu.edu

Magnesium diboride pellets and strands may be C-doped by heat treating stoichiometric
mixtures of Mg and B powders with additions (10 mol% more-or-less) of SiC and malic acid powders,
respectively. DSC measurements of various binary and ternary mixtures of the three constituents
revealed violent exothermic reactions of Mg with SiC at 520oC and with malic acid at 138oC (slightly
above its MP) both below the binary MgB2 formation temperature (~625oC). Either of these reactions
present the remaining mixture of Mg and B with free C for incorporation into the B lattice. Carbon
substitution (whose level is determined by calibrated a-lattice-parameter measurement) enhances Bc2 at
all temperatures and by so doing enhances the grain-boundary (GB) pinning force density (Fp), hence
Jc(B). Increases in the GB surface area density (hence reductions in grain size, typically averaging 50
nm) also improve Jc(B) for which reason grain growth should be restricted by making the heat
treatment (HT) time as short as possible. It is suspected that the products of dopant-reduction by Mg
(Mg2Si and MgO) in the early stages of the HT add to the impurities that already decorate the grain
boundaries of MgB2 and, together with the intrinsic porosity of in-situ-formed material, reduce the
overall connectivity. Rowell-method-analyzed resistivity measurements revealed connectivities in the
range of 6~10% for SiC-doped MgB2 and 10~12% after malic-acid doping. Clearly connectivity
increases into the 70% range by chemical methods (if possible) or by intense densification would
results in correspondingly large increases in Jc(B). It turns out that the connectivity of in-situ MgB2
strand can be treated at two levels – microstructural and macrostructural. During wire drawing, the Mg
component of the mixture elongates into cigar-shaped stringers typically 25 µm x 2.5 µm; then during
the HT MgB2 forms by an infiltration reaction leaving behind elongated pores occupying the former
Mg positions. Thus the resulting MgB2 is a ―brick-wall‖ assembly (macrostructure) of polycrystalline
―bricks‖ each consisting of a very large number of randomly oriented grains. The evolution of this
macrostructure with HT time at temperature is easily observable at 750X in BSE SEM. The anisotropic
macrostructure gives rise to an anisotropic strand-averaged Jc i.e. Jc,transverse < Jc,longitudinal which
manifests itself as a deviation at high fields of the magnetic- and transport measured Jc(B)s. The
deviation is a result of a field dependent reduction in transverse connectivity between the MgB2
―bricks‖, combined of course with the finite length/diameter ratios of the magnetically measured strand
samples.
S-I-043

Lattice effects in diborides

E. LIAROKAPIS1, P. PARISIADES1 and J. KARPINSKI2


1
Department of Physics, Nationl Technical University of Athens, Zografos 15780,GREECE
2
Laboratory for Solid State Physics, ETH, 8093 Zurich, SWITCHERLAND
eliaro@central.ntua.gr

The lattice effects in diborides have been investigated by Raman spectroscopy using several
atomic substitutions for Mg and B. The doping dependence of Tc can be associated with the gradual
filling of the ζ- and the π- bands and the modifications in the Fermi surface. The data show that C
doping for B induces a much faster reduction in Tc than Al for Mg, while the simple Li substitution has
a minor effect. On the other hand, the double Li-C substitution reduces Tc faster than the simple C
doping, which can be attributed to the different role of hole and electron doping for the π- and ζ- bands
[1]. Finally, Mn ions have a drastic effect on superconductivity apparently acting as magnetic pair
breaking centers [2].
In the Raman spectra of the mixed compounds two modes of E2g symmetry appear at ~600 cm-1
and ~850 cm-1 (defined as the renormalized and hard modes respectively), which do not evolve one to
the other with doping, but they coexist in a typical two-mode behavior for both Mg(B1-xCx)2 and Mg1-
xAlxB2 sets of compounds. MgB2 appears to be metastable with intrinsic structural and electronic phase
competition, close to topological electronic transitions of the Fermi surface that can be tuned by
doping or internal strain from the atomic substitutions. The analysis of the phonon frequency
dependence on doping indicates that the behavior of the renormalized mode can explain the reduction
of Tc in the phase coexistence level but, beyond that where the ζ-bands have a three-dimensional
topology, the variation of Tc cannot be reproduced. This signifies that other effects, such as phase
separation, play some role in the superconductivity of diborides.
The activation of the B1g mode in all substitutions and its intensity variation with the amount of
doping proves the disorder and the internal strains introduced with the substitutions. The Raman data
indicate an appreciable contribution of anharmonicity to the E2g mode at ~600 cm-1 and that electron-
phonon interaction alone cannot justify its very large bandwidth. On the other hand, anharmonicity
does not seem to contribute to the hard E2g mode. Finally, the low temperature Raman spectra have
revealed the pair breaking 2Δζ peak below Τc. This band has been observed at low doping levels, but
its temperature dependence shows deviations from the expected behaviour.

[1] F. Bernardini and S. Massidda, Phys. Rev. B. 74, 014513 (2006).


[2] A. A. Abrikosov and L. P. Gor'kov, ZETF 39, 1781 (1960).
S-I-044

Properties of irradiated MgB2

M.PUTTI1, P.BROTTO1, C.FERDEGHINI1, E.GALLEANI D‘AGLIANO1, P.MANFRINETTI1,


A.MARTINELLI1, A.PALENZONA1, I.PALLECCHI1 and C.TARANTINI2
1
CNR-INFM-LAMIA, University of Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, I-16146 Genova, ITALY
2
Applied Superconductivity Center, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, FSU, Tallahassee, FL, USA
putti@fisica.unige.it

Neutron irradiation has shown to be a powerful tool to vary systematically the superconducting
properties of MgB2. We irradiated Mg11B2 polycrystals [1] and MgB2 thin films [2]. These samples
have been deeply studied in order to understand the kind of disorder introduced by irradiation as well
as the mechanisms which suppress the superconductivity. Increasing progressively the irradiation
level, the residual resistivity increases by more than two orders of magnitude and consequently the
critical temperature, Tc decreases. The suppression of Tc comes out to be related to the increase of
interband scattering with impurities that progressively isotropize the two gap features [3] and to the
intraband scattering that smears the density of states [4].
In an intermediate range of fluence, when Tc is not strongly suppressed we observed a strong
enhancement of the upper critical field due to atoms displacements and great improvement of the in
field critical current. Transmission electron microscopy study gives clear evidence that neutron
irradiation creates also nanometric amorphous regions within the crystal lattice whose density correctly
scales with the neutron dose [5]. The size of these defects matches with the coherence length so that
they act as pinning centers and are responsible for the strong increase of the critical current density at
high field and for shifting the maxima of the pinning force curves toward higher fields.

[1] Tarantini C et al Phys. Rev. B 73 134518 (2006).


[2] Ferrando V et al J. Appl. Phys. 101 043903 (2007).
[3] Putti M, et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 96 077003 (2006).
[4] Putti M, et al., Europhys. Lett. 77 57005 (2007).
[5] Martinelli A, et al., Supercond. Sci. Technol. 21 012001 (2008).
S-I-045

Wires and cables from MgB2

P. KOVÁŢ, I. HUŠEK, T. MELIŠEK and L. KOPERA

Institute of Electrical Engineering, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravska cesta 9, 841 04 Bratislava, SLOVAKIA
Pavol.Kovac@savba.sk

Copper stabilized multi-core composite wires of variable design have been made by powder-in-
tube technique. Their transport current properties are influenced by the used precursor powders,
sheaths material and applied deformation. MgB2 wire need to have well deformable metallic materials
playing different roles: (i) barrier - separating reactive MgB2 filaments against not chemically inert
materials (ii) stabilizer – allowing good thermal and electrical conductivity and (iii) reinforcement –
providing sufficient stress to densify the powdered filaments during deformation and protecting the
filament against all acting mechanical stresses. Critical current densities Jc of MgB2 wires with
different barrier and reinforcement materials were compared [1-3].
Multi-strand cables and continually transposed conductor (CTC) have been assembled from
selected MgB2 wires. It was shown that the engineering current densities Je and the window current
densities Jw depend strongly on the cable composition and play important role for future applications in
superconducting windings [3-5]. MgB2 cables show apparently lower sensitivity to bending strain than
monolithic wires. The measurement of the resistance to tensile strain has shown the best performance
for wires and cables with stainless steel reinforcement, while the lowest irreversible strain is measured
for cables having low fill factor and no reinforcing element.

[1] P. Kováţ, W. Pachla, I. Hušek, T. Melišek, M. Kulczyk, T. Holubek, R. Diduszko and M. Reissner,
Physica C 468, 2356 (2008).
[2] P. Kováţ, T. Melišek, L. Kopera, I. Hušek, M. Polák and M. Kulich, Sup. Sci. and Technology 22,
075026 (2009).
[3] P. Kováţ, I. Hušek, T. Melišek, L. Kopera and M. Reissner, will be published by Sup. Sci. and
Technology 23 (2010).
[4] P. Kováţ, I. Hušek, and T. Melišek, Sup. Sci. and Technology 21, 125003 (2008).
[5] I. Hušek, P. Kováţ, T. Melišek and L. Kopera, Cryogenics 49, 366 (2009).
S-I-046

Recent progress in cold high pressure densified (CHPD) in situ MgB2 wires with square cross
section

R. FLUKIGER1,2, M.S.A. HOSSAIN2, C. SENATORE1,2 and M. RINDFLEISCH3


1
Department of Condensed Matter Physics (DPMC), University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, SWITZERLAND
2
Department of Applied Physics (GAP), University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, SWITZERLAND
3
Hyper Tech Research Incorporated, Columbus, OH 43212, USA
rene.flukiger@physics.unige.ch

A considerable enhancement of the superconducting parameters of in situ MgB2 wires has


recently been obtained by a new method: Cold High Pressure Densification (CHPD). The relative
MgB2 mass density df of binary MgB2 monofilaments was enhanced from 43 to ~ 60% after applying 2
Gpa [1]. The enhancement of Jc and Birr was observed after applying homogeneous pressures of >1.0
GPa on the wires at 300K before the final heat treatment. The enhancement was observed in both
binary and alloyed monofilamentary wires, regardless of the nature of the additives. The results for the
additives C4H6O5 (malic acid) and SiC are presented, with a particular emphasis on C 4H6O5, which
showed the highest critical current densities.
Rectangular wires with aspect ratios ≤ 2 exhibited an almost isotropic behavior of Jc and Birr.
Our best values measured so far were obtained on a C4H6O5 added wire of 1.0 x 0.5 mm2 cross section,
densified at 1.8 GPa and reacted 4 hours at 650°C. At 4.2K, the fields B(104)// and B(104) at which Jc//
and Jc reach 1x104A/cm2 were determined as 13.4 and 13.0T, respectively (criterion of 0.1 V/cm).
These are the highest values reported so far for in situ MgB2 wires (using 1.0 V/cm, used in most
publications, B(104)// was 13.8 T). The corresponding values for B(104)// and B(104) at 20K were 6.4
and 6.2 T, respectively, while Birr(20K) was raised to ~10 T.
Low temperature specific heat measurements on binary MgB2 wires show unambiguously that
the filaments of densified MgB2 wires exhibit a narrower Tc distribution: the onset point remains
almost unchanged, while the low temperature tail is shifted to higher temperatures. This reflects a
higher homogeneity in densified wires, which explains not only the enhancement of Jc, but also of Birr
and Bc2.
The positive effects of cold high pressure densification (CHPD) have also been observed on
MgB2wires up to 15 cm length, with overlapping pressure regions. This is a first step in view of the
application of CHPD to industrial wire lengths.

[1] R. Flükiger, M.S.A. Hossain, C. Senatore, SuSt 22, 085002 (2009).


[2] M.S.A. Hossain, C. Senatore, R. Flükiger, M.A. Rindfleisch, M.J. Tomsic, J.H. Kim, S.X. Dou,
SuST 22, 095004 (2009).
S-I-047

Development of high performance MgB2 tapes and wires

H. KUMAKURA

National Institute for Materials Science, 1-2-1, Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, JAPAN
KUMAKURA.Hiroaki@nims.go.jp

Powder-In-Tube (PIT) method is now the most popular method to fabricate MgB2 tapes and wires.
The microstructure and critical current density Jc are much influenced by many factors related to the tape
and wire fabrications. In the case of in situ PIT process impurity addition is one of the effective methods to
improve Jc values, and many impurity additions are now being tried out in the world. Among many kinds
of impurities, nano-SiC powder is the most popular additive. Carbon substitution for boron is introduced by
the SiC addition. This substitution enhances Hc2 and hence Jc in high magnetic fields. Unfortunately
however, the connectivity of MgB2 grains is deteriorated by this SiC addition, which decreases Jc values in
low magnetic fields. Some organic material additions are also effective in enhancing Jc values. We found
that ethyltoluene (C9H12) addition was much effective in enhancing Jc value in spite of small amount of
carbon substitution for boron site. This suggests that the dominant mechanism of Jc enhancement for
C9H12-added tape is different from carbon substitution for boron. The analysis by the Rowell‘s method
indicated that the connectivity of MgB2 grains was enhanced by the C9H12 addition. The addition of both
C9H12 and SiC was much more effective in increasing Jc values. This is because both mechanisms of Jc
improvement--one comes from the addition of C9H12 and the other comes from the carbon substitution for
boron by the SiC addition--work together. The highest Jc values at 4.2K reached 32kA/cm2 in 10T for
10mol% C9H12 and 10mol%SiC-added tape. However, this Jc is still below the practical level due to the
low density of MgB2 cores.
Recently, we succeeded in the fabrication of MgB2 wires having high density MgB2 core applying
an internal Mg diffusion (IMD) process. A pure Mg rod with a diameter of 2 mm was placed at the center
of a metal tube with an outer diameter of 6mm and inner diameter of 3.5 mm, and space between the Mg
rod and the metal tube was filled with Boron powder or B+SiC mixed powder. The composite was
successfully cold worked into 1.3 mm wire at room temperature without any breakage. Multicore wires can
also be fabricated by a similar method. The wires were heat treated at 600 ~ 700 oC for 1 hr under Ar gas
atmosphere. During the heat treatment, Mg diffused into the Boron layer and reacted with Boron to form
MgB2. SEM analysis of the heat treated wire clearly indicated that the density of MgB 2 reacted layer in the
wire was higher than that of a PIT processed wire. However, the reacted layer contained some amount of
impurity phases such as MgB4. Transport Jc values (calculated for the reacted layer) of 7-core wire reached
100kA/cm2 in 10T at 4.2K and 130kA/cm2 in 3T at 20K for the SiC added wire. These Jc values are much
higher than those of PIT processed wires, and should be attributed to the high density MgB 2 layer obtained
by this diffusion process.
Another useful method to increase MgB2 core density is the application of cold high pressure before
the heat treatment. Hot pressing is also an effective method to increase MgB 2 core density. We applied hot
pressing to PIT processed precursor tapes under 100MPa at 630oC and under an Ar gas atmosphere for 1-
10hr. A 16-18% decrease of the MgB2 core thickness was obtained by this hot pressing compared to the
sample heat treatment under 1atm.. This indicates the increase of the MgB 2 core density from ~50% for
the heat treatment under 1atm. to ~70% for hot pressing. MgB 2 grain connectivity was also improved from
17.4 to 21.7 by the hot pressing. This hot pressing enhanced Jc from 3kA/cm2 to 9kA/cm2 at 4.2K and 10T
for the pure tape and from 25kA/cm2 to 45kA/cm2 for the C9H12 and SiC co-added tape.
S-I-048

New superconductors recently developed by our group

JUN AKIMITSU

Department of Physics and Mathematics, Aoyama-Gakuin University,


Fuchinobe, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 229-8558, JAPAN
jun@phys.aoyama.ac.jp

In this conference, we review the three kinds of superconductors recently developed by our
group.
(I) Superconductivity in carrier-doped wide gap semiconductors
We report the recent works on a carrier-doped semiconductors (SiC and AlN), Al-doping SiC
(3C-SiC:Al) and carrier-doped AlN (AlNx). 3C-SiC:Al exhibits zero resistivity and diamagnetic
susceptibility below a critical temperature Tc of ~1.5 K with an effective hole-carrier concentration, n,
higher than 1020 cm-3. We present the H-T phase diagram of these superconductors determined from H-
scan and T-scan of resistivity, revealing no hysteresis and supercooling in 3C-SiC:Al.These indicate,
3C-SiC:Al reveals type-II superconductivity. In AlNx, zero resistivity and diamagnetic susceptibility
below Tc of ~2.8 K. AlNx show type-II superconductivity with an upper critical field Hc2(0)~0.9 T and
a lower critical field Hc1(0)~40 Oe.
(II) Tm-based reentrant superconductor Tm5Rh6Sn18
We report here the magnetic properties of the thulium-based reentrant superconductor
Tm5Rh6Sn18 (Tc=2.2 K), which were determined by magnetization and µSR measurements. The
spontaneous oscillation signal in the µSR spectra gradually develops under zero magnetic field below
13 K. The development of a quasi-static local magnetic field is also observed even below Tc, indicating
the coexistence of magnetism and superconductivity at zero magnetic field. From the analysis of
longitudinal µSR measurements, magnetic ordering can be considered to be not truly long range but
short range order.
(III) Ag, Cu-clathrate compounds Ag6O8MX and Cu6O8MX (M = cation, X = anion)
Ag6O8MX and Cu6O8MX (M = cation, X = anion) compounds are clathrate-type structure
which consists of face sharing Ag6O8- or Cu6O8-cage containing X anions at their centers. Family of
silver oxide Ag6O8AgX (X = NO3, HF2, and BF4) show the superconductivity below 1.5 K as previous
reported by M.B. Robin et al. (Phys. Rev. Lett. 17 (1966) 917.). We successfully synthesized the high
quality samples of Ag6O8AgX (X = NO3-, HF2-) and Cu6O8MCl (M = rare earth, Pb, Y, Sc, and In). In
Ag6O8AgX (X = NO3-, HF2-), we determined the H-T phase diagram and obtained the superconducting
parameters. The superconductivity in Ag6O8AgX (X = NO3-, HF2-) has an isotropic gap symmetry by
means of the specific heat data. In Cu6O8MCl, the ground state of these compounds changes from
metallic to semiconducting state by changing the valence state of M site ion.
S-I-049

Cu, Pu and Fe high Tc superconductors: All the same mechanism

P. WACHTER
Laboratorium für Festkörperphysik, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, SWITZERLAND

The more than 20 years old Cu high Tc superconductors exhibit as undoped parent materials
antiferromagnetism. Upon doping the long-range antiferromagnetism disappears and only short-
range antiferromagnetic clusters remain which show a spin pseudo gap. There are no good ideas why
long-range antiferromagnetism disappears upon the appearance of superconductivity because
antiferromagnetism and superconductivity are compatible.
A breakthrough has come about with the discovery of a Plutonium Pu containing alloy
PuCoGa5 with a Tc of 18.5 K. In principle not very exciting, but in the field of actinides Tc‘s are not
more than 3 K because of the high mass and corresponding low phonon energies. The compound is a
high Tc material in the field of actinides. But also this Pu containing compound is a short-range
antiferromagnet with a spin pseudo gap. A pattern starts to develop! As well in the Cu as in the Pu
compounds the magnetic ions Cu2+ and Pu3+ are replaced upon doping with nonmagnetic Cu3+ and
Pu2+ ions, thus a mixed valence configuration appears with spin holes in antiferromagnetic clusters.
The newly discovered Fe pnictide superconductors, however, have only one valence, Fe2+
above and below TN, the Nèel temperature of 150 K, as well above and below Tc., as judged by the
isomer shift of the Mössbauer effect. However, doping with fluorine, replacing oxygen, not only
introduces electrons, but it changes locally the crystal field acting on the iron ions. Divalent iron 3d6
has a high spin configuration t24e2 in a magnetic 5 configuration and a nonmagnetic low spin
configuration t26 in a 1 state. So with the same valence we can have a magnetic and a nonmagnetic
configuration, triggered by variation of the local crystal field induced by doping, causing again spin
holes.
We show that these spin holes in antiferromagnetic clusters have an attractive interaction and
combine to make nonmagnetic bipolarons, which can condense and lead to superconductivity.
S-I-050

A new ground state for the two component order parameter superconductor

MAURO DORIA1 and ANTONIO R.DE C. ROMAGUERA2


1
Departamento de Física dos Sólidos, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-972 Rio de Janeiro, BRAZIL
2
Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, 52171-900 Recife, Pernambuco, BRAZIL
mmd@if.ufrj.br

The phenomenological Ginzburg-Landau (GL) approach to Normal-Superconductor phase


transitions relies on the assumptions of an order parameter and of a free energy expansion in its powers
such that, near the critical temperature, the order parameter becomes small and the free energy
becomes a sum of just a few terms. A superconducting state with two distinct complex orders
parameters has been considered since long ago, e.g., the heavy fermion compound U 1-xTh xBe 13 [1,2].
Recently a two order parameter GL expansion was proposed for the compound MgB2 [3], which has
two electronic bands that carry the superconductivity. Evidence for two energy gaps has also been
found in the pnictide Ba0.6K0.4Fe2As2 [4]. For the high-Tc cuprates the superconducting order
parameter is an admixture of s and d wave, the last one caused by the presence of lines of nodes along
the diagonal directions in momentum space. To discuss the physics of the vortex state of the high-Tc
cuprates one must consider an admixture of the s-wave component induced by spatial variations in the
dominant d wave [5,6]. Moreover a second kind of admixture is present in the high-Tc cuprates as two
distinct orders coexist below and above the critical temperature [7], namely, the superconducting gap
and the so-called pseudogap, the last one with a still unclear origin.
Our theoretical considerations start with the one component GL expansion, known to have just
a single coupling parameter, , that at a critical value (c=0.707) splits superconductors into two
families, type I and II. Interestingly, this critical value also appears in the Abrikosov treament of the
GL theory near the upper critical field. We obtain families of two component GL free energies with
well defined  and from them unveil the existence of a new ground state. We discuss here several
properties of this new ground state, such as the surface energy cost, the vortex patterns near the upper
critical field, the thermal fluctuations and others. We apply the present results to the above materials
according to their layered structure or not.

[1] P. Kumar and P. Wolfle, Phys. Rev. Lett. 59, 1954 (1987).
[2] H. R. Brand, M. M. Doria and H. Pleiner, Phys. Rev. Lett. 60, 2810 (1988).
[3] V. Moshchalkov et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 117001 (2009).
[4] C. Ren et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, 257006 (2008).
[5] A. J. Berlinsky, A. L. Fetter, M. Franz, C. Kallin, and P. I. Soininen, Phys. Rev. Lett. 75, 2200
(1995).
[6] Y. Ren, J. H. Xu and C. S. Ting: Phys. Rev. Lett. 74 3680 (1995).
[7] M.R Norman and C. Pepin, Rep. Prog. Phys. 66, 1547 (2003).
S-I-051

Suprafroth and topological hysteresis in Type-I Superconductors

RUSLAN PROZOROV

Ames Laboratory
Department of Physics & Astronomy, Iowa State University, U.S.A.
prozorov@ameslab.gov

Most macroscopic measurements yield integrals of the quantities of interest and as such rely on
certain assumptions regarding the spatial distribution of those quantities. For example, magnetic
moment is an integral of the magnetic induction over the sample volume. However, in finite systems
with complex patterns one cannot use energy minimization to determine which pattern corresponds to
the energy minimum. Furthermore, imperfections and defects in the crystal structure result in a
hysteretic behavior due to pinning of the magnetic flux in superconductors or domain walls in
ferromagnets. The hysteresis may also be caused by shape and surface - related barriers that lead to a
spatially non-uniform free energy and corresponding metastable states of the system.
First, I will describe a different type of magnetic hysteresis that is only observed in clean,
pinning-free type-I superconductors where structure of the intermediate state patterns becomes a
variable in finding the ground state. This hysteresis cannot be annealed or removed by any sample
improvement. We call this phenomenon a ―topological hysteresis‖ to indicate that the difference in the
topologies can lead to a measurable hysteretic response of the macroscopic magnetization.
Next, I will show that the structure of the intermediate state in type-I superconductors maps
onto a 2D froth – the ―suprafroth‖. However, unlike usual soap foam where time – driven coarsening is
irreversible (via drainage and drying), coarsening of the suprafroth is driven by easily manageable
parameters – temperature and magnetic field. Similarities and differences between the suprafroth and
conventional froths will be discussed.

Movies and images will be a substantial part of the presentation…

[1] R. Prozorov, R. W. Giannetta, A. A. Polyanskii and G. K. Perkins, "Topological hysteresis in the


intermediate state of type-I superconductors", Phys. Rev. B 72, 212508 (2005).
[2] R. Prozorov, "Equilibrium topology of the intermediate state in type-I superconductors of different
shapes", Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 257001 (2007).
[3] R. Prozorov, A. F. Fidler, J. Hoberg and P. C. Canfield,"Suprafroth in Type-I Superconductors",
Nature Physics 4, 327 (2008).
S-I-052

Study of AC loss characteristics of HTS coated conductor with magnetic substrate using FEM
analysis

D. MIYAGI1, M. UMABUCHI1, S. YAMASHITA1, N. TAKAHASHI1 and O. TSUKAMOTO2


1
Department of Eectrical and Electronic Engineering, Okayama University, Okayama, JAPAN
2
Division of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Yokohama National University, Yokohama, JAPAN
miyagi@elec.okayama-u.ac.jp

Compared with Bi/Ag sheathed wires, the HTS (high-Tc superconducting) coated conductors
potentially have higher critical current density at higher magnetic field. Recently, HTS coated
conductors with ferromagnetic Ni-alloy substrates are promising as low-cost conductors because the
Ni-alloy can be well-texturized by a simple process. On the other hand, it has been reported that the
magnetic property of the substrate strongly affects the AC transport current losses and the AC
magnetization losses. The AC transport current loss is increased until the magnetic saturation in the
substrate, because the current distribution changes in superconducting layer due to the concentration of
magnetic flux in the substrate [1]. The AC magnetization loss of the coated conductor with the
magnetic substrate is smaller than that of the coated conductor with non magnetic substrate under the
external magnetic field perpendicular to the wide face of a conductor [2-3]. AC losses in HTS wire are
the major losses in the AC HTS apparatuses and dominate their efficiency and the economic
feasibility. Therefore, the knowledge of AC loss characteristic of coated conductors with magnetic
substrate is important for designing highly-efficient apparatuses.
In this paper, the AC loss and the current distribution in the superconducting (SC) layer of the
HTS coated-conductor with magnetic substrate are analyzed using the edge-based hexahedral finite
element method (FEM) taking account of both the nonlinear E-J characteristics and the nonlinear
magnetic property of the substrate at 77 K [3-4]. The magnetization loss of the substrate is calculated
using the flux distribution obtained by FEM analysis and the measured flux density vs. iron loss curve.
The characteristic of the total AC losses which are the sum of the AC loss in a SC layer and the
magnetization loss in a magnetic substrate is examined and the effect of the thickness and the width of
the magnetic substrate on the AC magnetization loss and AC transport current loss. Furthermore, the
characteristic of total AC losses of the HTS coated-conductor with the magnetic substrate assembled in
the plane or the stack are examined and the effect of the gap length between conductors on the total
AC losses is also investigated.

[1] D. Miyagi, M. Umabuchi, N. Takahshi and O. Tsukamoto, IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond., vol.18,
no.2 pp.1297-1300 (2008).
[2] Y. Mawatari, Phys. Rev. B 77, 104505 (2008).
[3] D. Miyagi, M. Umabuchi, N. Takahashi and O. Tsukamoto, IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond., vol.19,
no.3 pp.3336-3339 (2009).
[4] D. Miyagi, Y. Yunoki, M. Umabuchi, N. Takahashi and O.Tsukamoto, Physica C 463-465
pp.1743-1746 (2008).
S-I-053

Numerical simulation of magnetic flux penetration and AC loss in HTSC coated conductor tapes

F. GOMORY

Institute of Electrical Engineering, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 841 04 Bratislava, SLOVAKIA
elekgomo@savba.sk

Tapes prepared by the deposition of thin (~1 μm) layer of high temperature superconductor
(HTSC) on a metallic substrate are considered in the design of some key elements of the electricity
network, e.g. power transmission cables and fault current limiters. Strong pinning of magnetic vortices
secures high values of critical current density (in the range of 1010 A/m2), on the other hand it is
responsible for significant dissipation in AC transport, generally called the AC loss.
To predict the AC loss in hard superconductors, the critical state model has been developed
nearly 50 years ago by C. P. Bean [1]. Analytical solutions have been found for the magnetization of a
superconducting slab in parallel field and for a thin strip in perpendicular field, as well as the transport
of AC current by a tape with elliptic or strip-like cross-section. The use of these models is often
problematic for currently available HTSC coated conductor tapes, because of several factors:
 Dependence of critical current on the magnitude of magnetic field and its orientation
 Non-uniformity of superconductor properties across the tape width or thickness
 Magnetism of the substrate
Plausible solution is a numerical model for the process of magnetic flux penetration and
associated time evolution of current density distribution. State-of-the-art commercial codes for finite
element calculations allow to resolve this problem.
Numerical method based on the relation between the current density and the change of vector
potential of magnetic field in two-dimensional geometry is presented and the results obtained for two
kinds of coated conductor tapes are reported. The influence of two arbitrary factors of the model is
analyzed. These are the shape of the mesh elements and the thickness of boundary between opposite
current densities. The values suitable for practical simulations are discussed.

[1] C. P. Bean, Phys. Rev. Lett. 8, 250 (1962).


S-I-054

Coupling and hysteresis AC loss for superconducting windings made of coated conductors

E. PARDO, M. EISTERER and H.W. WEBER

Atominstitut, Vienna University of Technology, Stadionallee 2, 1020 Vienna, AUSTRIA


epardo@ati.ac.at

AC applications with superconducting windings are very promising, like motors, generators
and transformers. The most advanced high-temperature superconductors are ReBCO coated
conductors. Unfortunately, the AC loss in coated conductors is too large. Therefore, it is imperative to
find routes to decrease it. In this contribution we study different ways of reducing the AC loss by
means of simulations and measurements. In particular, we study the AC loss reduction due to striations
and magnetic diverters. First, we simulate the coupling loss effects in striated conductors. These
calculations enlighten our AC Hall scan measurements. Afterwards, we predict the hysteresis loss in
windings with striations and magnetic diverters with a very quick simulation method. We found that at
power frequencies the coupling effects cancel the loss reduction by the striations. This is avoided by
transposition, like in Roebel cables. In conclusion, the AC loss in a winding can be reduced by
transposed cables and magnetic diverters. The resistance between filaments and the shape of the
diverters can be optimized with our simulations.
S-I-055

An introduction to numerical methods in superconductors

A.M.CAMPBELL

Department of Engineering, Trumpington St., Cambridge, UK

Superconductors present quite different problems from conventional conductors, and a wide
range of methods have been used. In this talk some of the most popular methods will be compared and
a number of questions raised. Most methods are one of two types, either a direct solution of the Bean
model or an eddy current method using a non-linear V-I characteristic. Another distinction can be
made between methods using conventional finite element methods and those using constrained
minimisation methods. For two dimensional magnetic fields a number of techniques make use of the
mutual inductance between current elements. This runs into problems at large sizes due to the limited
memory of computers. The most general problem requires three field components, a scalar potential
and three space dimensions as well as a time variable. However nearly all published results are much
more limited than this. Two problems require particular attention. One is where the currents are not
perpendicular to the field, where we do not have enough experimental data to verify a model. Another
is the effect of cycling a field many times where it is difficult to eliminate the accumulation of
numerical errors.
This talk is intended to set the scene for more the detailed papers to follow, rather than to
provide answers.
S-I-056

Manipulation of quantum vortex states by local current injection into mesoscopic


superconductors

A. KANDA1, M.V. MILOŠEVIŠ2, S. HATSUMI1, Y. KURODA1, Y. OOTUKA1


and F.M. PEETERS2
1
Institute of Physics, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8571, JAPAN
2
Departement Fysica, Universiteit Antwerpen, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerpen, BELGIUM
kanda@lt.px.tsukuba.ac.jp

The quantum vortex is a common matter in quantum-mechanical systems such as


superconductors, superfluids, and Bose-Einstein condensates. Usually vortices are singly quantized
and form a triangular lattice. However, when vortices are confined in a small space, they take a
formation which is quite different from that of bulk samples; the vortices tend to be arranged to fit the
sample shape (multivortex state (MVS)), and/or, when the confinement is strong enough, a multiply-
quantized vortex called a giant vortex may appear (giant vortex state (GVS)).
The confinement effect of the quantum vortices is best studied in type-II superconductors;
theoretically, by solving the Ginzburg-Landau equations numerically, the mesoscopic vortex states
have been studied for more than a decade, while experimentally the vortex arrangements peculiar to
mesoscopic superconductors have confirmed recently.
It should be noted that in most studies transitions between vortex states take place by the
change in magnetic fields or temperature. For the manipulation of the vortex states, however,
temperature or magnetic fields are not necessarily suitable parameters.
In this talk, I report a trial to induce vortex state transitions by local supercurrent injection into
mesoscopic superconductors. Samples are thin mesoscopic superconducting square made of
Aluminum, and the multiple-small-tunnel-junction (MSTJ) method is used to detect the vortex states
[1]. We have succeeded in inducing vortex penetration/expulsion, and transitions between a GVS and
an MVS or between different MVSs with a fixed vorticity. I will discuss the details of the transitions
and possible applications of current-induced transitions.

[1] A. Kanda, B. J. Baelus, F. M. Peeters, K. Kadowaki and Y. Ootuka, Phys. Rev. Lett. 93 257002
(2004).
[2] M. V. Milosevic, A. Kanda, S. Hatsumi, F. M. Peeters, and Y. Ootuka. Phys. Rev. Lett., 103
217003 (2009).
S-I-057

Resonant multicomponent superconductivity in heterostructures at atomic limit from


high to room temperature superconductors

ANTONIO BIANCONI
1
Department of Physics, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome 00185 Roma, ITALY
antonio.bianconi@roma1.infn.it

High-Tc superconductivity in metallic multilayers, cuprates, diborides and pnictides evading


temperature decoherence effects in a quantum condensate, is assigned to a Feshbach resonance (called
also shape resonance) in the exchange-like interband pairing. The resonance is switched on by tuning
the chemical potential at an electronic topological transition (ETT) near a band edge, where the Fermi
surface topology of one of the subbands changes from 1D to 2D topology. We show that the tuning is
realized by changing i) the misfit strain between the superconducting planes and the spacers ii) the
charge density and iii) the disorder. The system is at the verge of a catastrophe i.e. near a structural and
magnetic phase transition associated with the stripes (analogous to the 1/8 stripe phase in cuprates)
order to disorder phase transition. High resolution micro X-ray diffraction studies and photoinduced
effects in superoxigenated La2CuO4.1 will be discussed as evidence for the proximity to a strain critical
point. Finally we show that borides and pnictides are pratical realization of high Tc superconductors in
heterostructurres at atomic limit like it has been described in the patent: Antonio Bianconi, European
Patent No. 0733271: ―High Tc superconductors made by metal heterostructures at the atomic limit‖
(published in European Patent. Bulletin 98/22, May 27 1998)) (priority date 7 Dec 1993).
S-I-058

Nanosized superconductors: A new type of the BCS-BEC crossover induced by


quantum-size effects

A. A. SHANENKO1, M. D. CROITORU2, A. VAGOV2 and F. M. PEETERS1


1
Condensed Matter Theory Group, Antwerp University, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020, Antwerpen, BELGIUM
2
University of Bayreuth, Institute of Theoretical Physics, D-95440 Bayreuth, GERMANY
arkady.shanenko@ua.ac.be

The Cooper-pair size (i.e., the BCS coherence length) in low-dimensional superconductors is
dramatically modified by quantum-size effects. In particular, for nanowires made of conventional
superconducting materials, we show that the coherence length exhibits size-dependent drops by two-
three orders of magnitude and reaches values found in high-T_c superconductors. This phenomenon is
surprisingly similar to the well-known BCS-BEC crossover but with one important exception: it is
driven by the transverse quantization of the electron spectrum rather than by the strength of the
fermion-fermion interaction. Similar results can be expected for other systems with the same structure
of the single-particle spectrum, e.g, for superfluid Fermi gases confined in a quantum-wire or
quantum-well geometry.
S-I-059

Phase slip phenomena in inhomogeneous two dimensional superconducting film

V.V. KABANOV1 and M. M. LU-DAC


1
Jozef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, SLOVENIA
viktor.kabanov@ijs.si

We analyze phase the kinetics of the phase slip phenomena in two dimensional
inhomogeneous superconducting films by solving time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau equation. It is
shown that there are two values of critical currents jc1 and jc2. When local currents is larger then jc1 the
phase slip is governed by the superfluid velocity discontinuity instability. In that case the number of
vortex-antivortex pairs is determined by the number of phase slip processes. Very often the local phase
slip Kinetics is determined by the creation of kinematic vortex-antivortex pairs.
When local current exceeds jc2 value the vortex generation is governed by the Kibble-Zurek
quench mechanism. The Kibble-Zurek vortices annihilate relatively quickly and then instability
develops as in the case of the small current.
S-I-060

Controlling the critical current in superconductors with quasiperiodic pinning arrays

V. R. MISKO

Department of Physics, University of Antwerp (UA), Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerpen, BELGIUM
Vyacheslav.Misko@ua.ac.be

The increase of the critical current in superconductors is one of the main goals of applied
superconductivity. The motion of magnetic flux lines, or vortices, driven by an external current in type
II superconductors leads to the energy dissipation and thus to the deterioration of the superconducting
properties. Therefore, the critical depinning current Jc can be enhanced by pinning the magnetic flux
lines. Recent progress in fabrication of nanostructures has provided a wide variety of well-controlled
vortex confinement topologies, including different regular arrays of pinning sites (APS). Periodic APS
are efficient only for matching flux 1 (and n1, where n is an integer) corresponding to one trapped
vortex per pinning site resulting in a sharp peak in Jc. However, this peak in Jc is too narrow and not
very robust against changes in . We studied [1] the critical depinning current Jc(in quasiperiodic
(QP) pinning arrays, including one-dimensional (1D) chains and two-dimensional (2D) APS placed on
the vertices of a five-fold Penrose tiling. In 1D QP chains of pinning sites, the peaks in Jc() are
determined by a sequence of harmonics of long and short periods of the chain. This sequence includes
as a subset the sequence of successive Fibonacci numbers. The critical current Jc() in QP APS has a
remarkable self-similarity. This effect is demonstrated both in real space and in reciprocal k-space. In
2D QP pinning arrays (e.g., Penrose tiling), the pinning of vortices is related to matching conditions
between the vortex lattice and the QP APS. We predicted analytically and numerically the main
features of Jc() for Penrose-tiling APS. Comparing the Jc's for QP (Penrose), periodic (triangular)
and random APS, we found that the Penrose-tiling provided an unusually broad critical current Jc(),
that could be useful for practical applications demanding high Jc's over a wide range of fields. The
predicted broad peak in Jc() was verified in experiments with APS of antidots [2] and magnetic dots
[3] placed on the vertices of the Penrose tiling. We studied theoretically and experimentally Jc() in
various non-periodic APS and we found that QP APS are superior to other APS with many built-in
periods [4,5]. We will also discuss our recent findings on the enhancement of Jc() for magnetic
fluxes > 1.
This work was done in collaboration with F. Nori and S. Savel'ev (RIKEN, Japan),
D. Bothner, M. Kemmler, and D. Koelle (U.Tübingen, Germany), and F.M. Peeters (UA).

[1] V. Misko, S. Savel'ev, and F. Nori, Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 177007 (2005); V.R. Misko, S. Savel'ev,
and F. Nori, Phys. Rev. B 74, 024522 (2006).
[2] M. Kemmler, C. Gürlich, A. Sterck, H. Pöhler, M. Neuhaus, M. Siegel, R. Kleiner, and D. Koelle,
Phys. Rev. Lett. 97, 147003 (2006).
[3] A.V. Silhanek, W. Gillijns, V. V. Moshchalkov, B.Y. Zhu, J. Moonens and L. H. A. Leunissen,
Appl. Phys. Lett. 89, 152507 (2006).
[4] V.R. Misko, Abstracts of the 10th International Conference on Quasicrystals ICQ10, Zürich,
Switzerland, July 6-11, 2008.
[5] V.R. Misko, Abstracts of the 5th Asian International Workshop on Quasicrystals (AIWQ5), Tokyo,
Japan, June 1-4, 2009.
S-I-061

Andreev bound states in superconductor ferromagnet hybrids

S-H. LIN1, M.V. MILOŠEVIŠ2, F.M. PEETERS2 and B. JANKÓ1


1
Department of Physics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
2
Department of Physics, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerpen 2020, BELGIUM
bjanko@nd.edu

We investigate the electronic structure of a superconductor in proximity of nanoscale


ferromagnets (SC/FM hybrids) and find that a wide variety of superconducting order parameter
landscape can be achieved by varying the parameters and the magnetic state of the nanomagnets. In
particular, we propose an energy-angular momentum dispersion ε(l) with the energy minimum at l ≠ 0
in systems with superconductivity suppressed in a ring. This resembles to Landau's energy-momentum
dispersion ε(k) for the roton in superfluid, a dispersion that also exhibits a local minimum at k≠0. We
show how such structures will emerge in specific examples SC/FM hybrids and investigate these
systems via Ginzburg-Landau and Bogoliubov-de Gennes calculations. Our results show that the low-
lying bound states correspond to a non-zero angular momentum. In the presence of injected current,
our system becomes analogous to an inverted pendulum, which could be driven towards equilibrium
with an AC magnetic field.
S-I-062

Tuning superconductivity in nanomaterials

FRANCOIS PEETERS

Departement Fysica, Universiteit Antwerpen, B-2020 Antwerpen, BELGIUM

Quantum confinement of electrons in metallic clean nanowires and nanofilms results in the
formation of a series of subbands that move in energy with changing thickness. When the bottom of
such a subband moves throught the Fermi surface, the density of states changes and a shape resonance
appears leading to oscillations in the critical temperature, the critical magnetic field, the critical current
and the size of the Cooper pairs as function of the wire/film width. Our theoretical formulation is based
on a numerical solution of the Bogoliubov-de Gennes equations. A quantitative description is given of
recent experimental data on the thickness dependence of Tc in Al and Sn nanowires and Pb nanofilms.
At a shape resonance the density of the superconducting condensate in a superconducting
nanowire is very inhomogeneous, leading to new Andreev-type of states.
The longitudinal distribution of electrons in a Cooper pair becomes strongly localized when the
lower edge of one of the single-electron subbands is close to the Fermi surface. For nanowires made of
conventional superconducting materials, the coherence length drops by two-three orders of magnitude
and reaches values found in high-Tc superconductors. The underlying physics of this phenomenon
suggests it will also be found in other superconducting/superfluid systems with a similar single-
fermion spectrum, e.g. in ultrathin metallic nanofilms and atomic Fermi gases confined in a quantum-
wire or quantum-well geometry.
In the presence of a parallel magnetic field we predict that the superconductor-to-normal
transition at zero temperature occurs as a cascade of subsequent jumps in the order parameter (this is
opposed to the smooth second-order phase transition in the mesoscopic regime). Each jump is
associated with the depairing of electrons in one of the single-electron subbands. Pronounced
quantum-size oscillations of the critical magnetic field with giant resonant enhancements are predicted.

* Work done in collaboration with A. Shanenko and M. Croitoru.


S-I-063

Vortex confinement studied by scanning tunneling spectroscopy

T. CREN, D. FOKIN, F. DEBONTRIDDER, V. DUBOST and D. RODITCHEV

Institut des Nanosciences de Paris, Université Pierre et Marie Curie – Paris 6 and CNRS-UMR 7588, 4 place Jussieu,
75252 Paris, France
dimitri.roditchev@insp.jussieu.fr

We report a detailed scanning tunneling microscopy study of a superconductor in a strong


vortex confinement regime. This is achieved in a thin nano-island of Pb having a size d about 2-3
times the effective coherence length, and a thickness h such that h << d << λ , where λ is the effective
London penetration depth. In this geometry the magnetic field evolution of local tunneling spectra
reveals only two superconducting configurations to exist: zero and single vorticity. The normal state is
reached at HC ≈ 0.46 T, about 6 times the critical field of bulk Pb, with no higher order vorticity
observed [1]. The comparison of the acquired Scanning Tunneling Spectroscopy data with the
numerically resolved Usadel equations allowed us to reveal the fundamental role played in both
configurations by the circulating supercurrents.

a)

Figure 1. (a) Constant current STM image of the Pb island grown on Si(111) substrate that was
selected for the study. (b) In non-zero magnetic field the tunneling spectra become spatially
inhomogeneous over the island: the color-coded Zero-Bias Tunneling Conductance (ZBC) map of the
island (here at H= 180 mT) shows the radial distribution of ZBC values with higher ZBC observed
close to the island border due to the pair-breaking effect of the circulating supercurrents.

*This work supported by French ANR Project GAPSUPRA.

[1] T. Cren et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 127005 (2009).


S-I-064

Laser shaping of oxide superconductors

L.A. ANGUREL1, C. LÓPEZ-GASCÓN2 and G. F. DE LA FUENTE1


1
ICMA (CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza), Zaragoza, SPAIN
2
Instituto Tecnológico de Aragón, Zaragoza, SPAIN
xerman@unizar.es

Lasers are ideal for shaping oxide superconductors, regardless of their degree of texture, as
long as emission parameters are adequately controlled [1-3]. This starts with a convenient choice of
emission wavelength, pulse width and irradiance levels. In principle, short pulse widths should provide
ideal conditions to machine these materials in a satisfactory manner, althogh this may be accomplished
at the expense of overall process efficiency [4].
Textured oxide superconductors have been machined into different shapes using CO2 ( = 10.6
µm) and Nd:YAG ( = 1064 nm) lasers with different pulse widths (from ms to ns). Laser processing
parameters and their relationship with the final shaped interfaces of the superconductor have been
studied using scanning electron microscopy and transport property measurements.
Heat affected zones and microstructural changes associated to the machining interfaces are
correlated with the superconductor transport properties, and the potential use of different available
commercial lasers for superconductor shaping and processing will be discussed.

[1] L. A. Angurel, J. C. Diez, G. F. de la Fuente, F. Gimeno, F. Lera, C. López-Gascón et al, Physica


Status Solidi (a) 203 2931-2937 (2006).
[2] M. Mora, J. C. Diez, C. I. López-Gascón, E. Martínez and G. F. de la Fuente, IEEE Trans. Appl.
Supercon. 13 3188-3191 (2003).
[3] L. A. Angurel, J. C. Diez and G. F. de la Fuente, Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 635 (2009) 1767-1772.
[4] C. López Gascón, Ph. D. Thesis, University of Zaragoza (2005).
S-I-065

HTS cables for high-current applications

S.I. SCHLACHTER, A. DRECHSLER, B. RINGSDORF, W. GOLDACKER, F. GRILLI, R.


HELLER, A. KUDYMOW and S. TERZIEVA

Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Technical Physics, GERMANY


sonja.schlachter@kit.edu

Many technical superconductor applications like transformers, rotating machinery, and ramped
magnets require conductors with high current carrying capability and low ac losses. Round or
rectangular strands of low-temperature superconductors like NbTi or Nb3Sn can easily be cabled in
different geometries with transposed strands and small twist pitches. MgB2 conductors, which are
sometimes referred as high-temperature superconductors (HTS) due to the relatively high transition
temperature, allow similar cabling processes when having a round geometry. For tape-like high-
temperature superconductors like Bi-2223 tapes or RE-Ba-Cu-O coated conductors, however, cabling
is a challenge due to the poor bending properties in the tape plane. As we demonstrated in the past, a
possibility to cable RE-Ba-Cu-O tapes is the Roebel technique with meander-shaped tapes. We
successfully developed Roebel cables with currents up to 2.6 kA with different width, strand number
and transposition length. The realization of high-current cables with low ac-losses and current carrying
capabilities exceeding 10 kA, however, requires more than a simple scale-up with higher strand
numbers. Especially for magnet applications also thermal and mechanical stability or jointing are
important issues.
We present an overview on the properties of MgB2 cables prepared with a cable-and-react
method that allows realization of small twist pitches without degradation of the superconducting
properties. Furthermore, we present the status of Roebel cables and show how a scale-up towards
higher current-carrying capabilities in progressed cable designs could be realized. First results of a
Rutherford cable structure with a single Roebel strand will be shown.
S-I-066

Development of shaping textured YBaCuO superconductors

J.G. NOUDEM

CRISMAT, ENSICAEN/CNRS UMR 6508, Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, 6 Bd Maréchal Juin, 14050 CAEN Cedex,
FRANCE
jacques.noudem@ensicaen.fr

The recently reported superconducting YBa2Cu3Oy (Y123) with artificially patterned holes is highly
interesting in view to improve the material quality and also promising for a wide variety of
applications. It is well known that, the core of plain bulk superconductors needs to be fully oxygenated
and some defects like cracks, pores and voids must be suppressed in order that the material can trap
high magnetic field or carry high current densities. To minimize the above defects, we have used the
combination of a standard superconducting ceramic processing and an infiltration technique, to prepare
(i) regular YBa2Cu3Oy (Y123) bulk superconductors with multiple holes and (ii) Y123
superconducting foams. This process involves negligible shrinkage and a uniform distribution of Y211
inclusions. Flux mapping was used to verify the homogeneity of the samples and to investigate the
field trapping ability. Large increase of the trapped field in pulse magnetization up to 60% in
comparison to the hole-free parent sample with the same thermal history has been obtained. In
addition, the textured drilled samples were reinforced using resin and metal impregnation and the
mechanical properties have been investigated.
S-I-067

Exotic vortex matter: Pancake vortex molecules and fractional-flux molecules in some exotic
and/or two-component superconductors

ADRIAN CRISAN1,2, YASUMOTO TANAKA3 and AKIRA IYO3


1
School of Metallurgy and Materials, University of Birmingham, B15 2TT, Birmingham, UNITED KINGDOM
2
National Institute of Materials Physics, Bucharest 077125, ROMANIA
3
Nanoelectronics Research Institute of AIST Tsukuba, 305-8568 JAPAN
I.A.Crisan@bham.ac.uk

The discovery of superconductivity in MgB2 and, more recently, in iron pnictides, revived the
interest in two-component and other exotic superconductors, including in the field of vortex matter, as
was shown recently by the discovery of ―type 1.5‖ superconductivity [1]. However, even some exotic
cuprates grown by high-pressure technique showed interesting anomalies related to the interplay
between Josephson and magnetic coupling and/or two-gap superconductivity [2-3]. Here we will
present two such examples of exotic vortex matter: magnetically-coupled pancake-vortex molecules in
super-multi-layered cuprates, and vortex molecules composed of fractional flux quanta glued by an
interband phase difference soliton.
It was recently shown that in HgBa2Can-1CunOy (Hg:12(n-1)n), Tc (of about 100 K) becomes
independent of n for n ≥ 6 and vortex melting lines are the same for all Hg:12(n-1)n phases (n = 6-14),
and looks qualitatively the same as the theoretically-simulated melting lines of magnetically-coupled
pancakes (with zero Josephson coupling). By comparing with melting lines of Hg:1234 and Hg1245,
the fact that the addition of an extra CuO2 Inner Plane (IP) does not change the melting line means
that, for n=6 already, the short-range Josephson coupling becomes negligible compared to the (usually
weaker) long-range magnetic coupling. In this scenario, there are two types of pancake vortex pairs in
the CuO2 Outer Plane: those separated by the thick block of (n-2) IPs, which are weakly coupled by
the magnetic interaction, and, respectively, those separated by the thin HgBa2Ox charge reservoir layer,
which are much stronger coupled by the Josephson coupling. The melting line common to all Hg:12(n-
1)n phases (n ≥ 6), separates two new vortex phases, pancake-molecule-solid, and pancake-molecule-
liquid.
Multilayer cuprate superconductors with CuO2 layers ≥ 3 can also be considered as novel
multi-band superconductor. It is theoretically proposed that there is a soliton in a superconductor
having two bands (two gap superconductors), when the inter-band interaction is much smaller than
intra-band interaction. The relative phase difference between two components is an important
parameter and theoretically its magnitude can grow up to 2 and makes a stable soliton. This is the
inter-component phase difference soliton (i - soliton). Gurevich and Vinokur [3] proposed possible
ways to seek the i-soliton experimentally. Recently we have observed a lower temperature second peak
in the out of phase ac magnetic susceptibility of multi-component cuprate superconductors, which we
attributed to the dissipation due to rotation of a vortex molecule, composed of fractional vortices due
to the two components, glued by an i-soliton bond. Basic properties of vortex molecule and i-soliton in
multilayer cuprates, and their phase diagram will be discussed.

[1] V. Moshchalkov et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 117001 (2009).


[2] A. Crisan et al., Phys. Rev. B 74, 184517 (2006); Phys. Rev. B 76, 212518 (2007); Phys. Rev. B
77, 144518 (2008), Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 46, L451-L453 (2007).
[3] Y. Tanaka et al., Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 46, 134-145; Supercond. Sci. Technol. 21, 085011 (2008).
[4] A. Gurevich and V.M. Vinokur, Phys. Rev. Lett. 90, 047004 (2003).
S-I-068

Mapping the vortex pinning-depinning transition via scanning ac-susceptibility technique

A. V. SILHANEK, R. B. G. KRAMER, G. W. ATAKLTI and V. V. MOSHCHALKOV

INPAC – Institute for Nanoscale Physics and Chemistry, Nanoscale and Superconductivity Group, K.U. Leuven,
Celestijnenlaan 200D, Leuven, BELGIUM
alejandro.silhanek@fys.kuleuven.be

In order to map the pinning-depinning transition in superconducting materials we have


developed an entirely novel technique which consist on recording locally the in-phase and out-phase
magnetic response under a homogeneous magnetic ac-excitation. This ac-susceptibility scanning
microscopy has been combined with standard scanning Hall probe microscopy in order to spatially
map simultaneously the static and the dynamic response of the system with single vortex resolution.
This non-invasive technique was applied to study the stability of vortex-chain formations in narrow
superconducting ribbons. Surprisingly, although the vortex arrangement in a one dimensional confined
potential has attracted the attention of physicist for more than 20 years [1], so far all experimental
evidences are indirect. Here we report the first direct visualization of the buckling transition from
linear chains of vortices to a zig-zag vortex distribution as the external field is increased. In addition,
we show that vortices pinned at random defects oscillate around a mean value when the system is
excited with an ac-magnetic field of small amplitude. This so called Campbell regime of intra-pinning-
potential motion can be switched to inter-pinning-potential hoping when the ac-amplitude is increased
above a certain value. Furthermore, these investigations provide the first reliable estimation of the
temperature at which the vortex lattice is frozen in a typical field cooling experiment. This temperature
is a crucial parameter to understand and interpret most of the results obtained for instance using Bitter
decoration techniques.

[1] J. Guimpel, L. Civale, F. de la Cruz, J.M. Murduck, I.K. Schuller, Phys. Rev. B 38, 2342 (1988).
S-I-069

Vortex dynamics in noncentrosymmetric superconductors

C.F. MICLEA1,2, A.C. MOTA2, M. NICKLAS2, F. STEGLICH2, M. SIGRIST3, M.B. MAPLE4 and
E. BAUER5
1
Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
2
Max-Planck-Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, 01187 Dresden, GERMANY
3
Institute for Theoretical Physics, ETH Zürich,CH-8093 Zürich, SWITZERLAND
4
Department of Physics and Institute for Pure and Applied Physical Sciences, University of 5California–San Diego, La
Jolla, California, USA
5
Institut für Festkoerperphysik, Technische Universität Wien, A-1040 Wien, AUSTRIA
miclea@lanl.gov

Vortex dynamics studies in non-cetrosymmetric superconductors Li2Pt3B [1] and CePt3Si [2]
revealed unconventional behavior for both compounds; extremely slow movement of the flux lines in
conjunction with modest critical currents. The initial decays of the remanent magnetization display
logarithmic time dependence as expected from the Kim-Anderson theory. The creep rates are lower
than observed in any other centrosymmetric superconductor and are not caused by high critical
currents. In addition, for the Li2Pt3B which has the highest critical current among the two
superconductors (i.e. higher vortex density), the slow decay of the remanent magnetization is followed,
in a certain temperature range, by avalanche-like relaxation.
The apparent contradiction of extremely low relaxation rates in spite of low critical currents
could be explained by the existence of an unconventional and very effective flux trapping mechanism.
A possible understanding of such pinning mechanism could be based on fractionalized vortices. Since
the superconducting phases for both CePt3Si and Li2Pt3B conserve time reversal symmetry, the
fractionalized vortices would be localized in the twin boundaries of the crystals which would then
introduce strong planar barriers for flux-line motion without affecting the critical current. However,
this scenario needs independent verification.
This extreme flux pinning observed in both compounds might indicate a characteristic of a
certain class of non-centrosymmetric superconductors.

[1] C.F. Miclea, A.C. Mota, M. Sigrist, F. Steglich, T.A. Sayles, B.J. Taylor, C.A. McElroy and M.
B. Maple, Phys. Rev. B 80, 132502 (2009).
[2] C.F. Miclea, A.C. Mota, M. Nicklas, R. Cardoso, F. Steglich, M. Sigrist, A. Prokofiev and E.
Bauer, to be published
[3] M. Sigrist and D. Agterberg, Prog. Theor. Phys. 102, 965 (1999).
S-I-070

Magneto-optical measurements of spontaneous creation of vortices

D. GOLUBCHIK, E. POLTURAK and G. KOREN

Department of Physics, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 06100, ISRAEL


daniel.golubchik@gmail.com

According to a prediction by Kibble and Zurek [1,2], vortices are spontaneously created during
a conductor-superconductor phase transition under nonequilibrium conditions. This prediction (the
Kibble-Zurek model) is relevant both to cosmology and to nonequilibrium thermodynamics. Several
conflicting predictions exist with respect to the spatial density of vortices and the correlations within
the vortex array.
In order to test this model we developed a new magneto-optical system with single vortex
resolution. Kerr effect in thin EuSe film is used to measure locally magnetic field above the surface of
superconductor.
The sample (thin film of niobium) heated above critical temperature by 10 ns laser pulse, and
then the heat transferred from the film to the sapphire substrate. In this setup cooling rates are in the
order of magnitude of 108 K/sec. During phase transition vortices are created in the sample even at
zero external field. We will present new measurements of total density and spatial distribution of
spontaneously created flux lines. Surprisingly, we found that in the vortex array, there exist long range
correlations which extend well beyond the nearest neighbor distance.

[1] W. H. Zurek, Nature 31, 505 (1985).


[2] T.W. Kibble and A. Rajantie, Phys. Rev. B 68, 17451 (2003).
S-I-071

Manipulating a vortex by the tip of a magnetic force microscope

ERNST HELMUT BRANDT1 and GRIGORII P. MIKITIK1,2


1
Max Planck Institute for Metals Research, 70506 Stuttgart, GERMANY
2
B. Verkin Institute for Low Temperature Physics & Engineering, Kharkov 61103, UKRAINE
ehb@mf.mpg.de

In a recent paper [1] a magnetic force microscope (MFM) was employed to image and
manipulate individual vortices in a thick single crystal of YBa2Cu3O7. A dramatic enhancement of the
response of a vortex to pulling by the magnetic tip of the MFM was discovered when the tip is wiggled
transversely. To obtain some insight into the nature of this effect, we consider the vortex as an elastic
string with a driving force applied to the vortex by the tip. We also account for vortex pinning by point
defects by adding a uniform pinning force [2,3]. When the tip moves with wiggles, the vortex is not
only curved but also twisted. The shape of the vortex, described by two functions x(z), y(z), and the
position x(0), y(0) of its end on the upper surface z=0 of the superconducting crystal, depend on the
trajectory of the tip at previous times. Our calculations show that even for isotropic flux-line pinning
(in-plane anisotropy δ=1) the wiggle of the tip (along x) indeed leads to an enhanced shift of the vortex
end in the direction y perpendicular to the oscillations, see Fig.1.

Path of vortex end, ζ = 1.3


Vortex shape
fast scan slow scan

[μm]

Fig.1. Left and middle: Computed zig-zag path of the vortex end when the magnetic tip of the MFM
oscillates along x and slowly moves along y starting at x=y=0. The in-plane anisotropy of the pinning
force is chosen as δ =1.3. Right: Inside the superconductor the vortex line oscillates along x with
small amplitude but the excursion along y can be large. At depths z < z0 the vortex remains rigidly
pinned. Shown is the vortex shape at a time t and at some previous times (dashed).

[1] O. M. Auslaender et al., Nature Physics 5, 35 (2009).


[2] G. P. Mikitik and E. H. Brandt, Phys. Rev. B 79, 020506(R) (2009).
[3] E. H. Brandt, G. P. Mikitik, and E. Zeldov, Phys. Rev. B 80, 054513 (2009).
S-I-072

Continuum computation of vortex dynamics for various geometries

ERNST HELMUT BRANDT

Max Planck Instuitute for Metals Research, 70506 Stuttgart, GERMANY


ehb@mf.mpg.de

In type-II superconductors the distribution and motion of magnetic vortices determines the
electromagnetic response of the specimen, i.e., the magnetic moment and electric resistance as
functions of the applied magnetic field and/or applied current. An important feature of each such
experiment is the ―geometry‖, i.e., the size and shape of the specimen and the orientation and space
and time dependence of the applied magnetic field or current. Usually continuum theory can be used to
describe such problems, assuming the vortex distance to be small. The very useful critical state model
of pinned vortices stating that the local current density everywhere is zero or has the critical value j c
(with jc independent of the induction B in the Bean model of 1964), usually was applied to
―longitudinal geometry‖, e.g. long cylinders in parallel field, where demagnetization effects are absent
[1]. The analytical solutions of the Bean model for thin circular discs [2] and thin long strips [3] in
perpendicular magnetic field Ha where obtained only in 1993.
Problems with other geometries usually have to be solved numerically. This was done by
numerous authors, see the present session. My own work comprises the following cases. For thin
superconducting strips and disks and rectangular films or plates in perpendicular H a see [4], for films
of arbitrary shape (e.g. SQUIDs) and for strips with applied ac current see [5]. These theories where
applied to linear SQUIDs in [6]. Thick strips and thick disks where considered in [7]. The equations
which have to be solved if the current density j(r) is not exactly perpendicular to B(r) are presented in
[8]. In all these theories it was assumed that B = μ0H, equivalent to assuming B >> Bc1, the lower
critical field, and typically a power-law electric field-current density E ~ (j/jc)n (n >>1) was used to
describe the thermally activated depinning and flux creep. Finite Bc1 can lead to edge barriers for
vortex penetration and to geometric irreversibility of pin-free superconductors [9]. Finite London
penetration depth λ in problems of several geometries is allowed for in [10]. The Meissner-London
surface currents in superconductors with rectangular cross section are given in [11]. The present talk
discusses the application of these various numerical methods (using matrices) to the ac response. Also
discussed are various effects of the edge barrier for flux penetration.

[1] A. M. Campbell and J. E. Evetts, Adv. Phys. 21, 199 (1972).


[2] P. N. Mikheenko and Yu. E. Kuzovlev, Physica C 204, 229 (1993).
[3] E. H. Brandt, M. V. Indenbom, and A. Forkl, Europhys. Lett. 22, 735 (1993).
[4] E. H. Brandt, Phys. Rev. B 49, 9024 (1994); B 50, 4093 (1994); B 52, 15442 (1995).
[5] E. H. Brandt, Phys. Rev. B 72, 24529 (2005); B 73, 92511 (2006).
[6] J. R. Clem and E. H. Brandt, Phys. Rev. B 72, 174511 (2005).
[7] E. H. Brandt, Phys. Rev. B 54, 4246 (1996); B 58, 6506, 6523 (1998).
[8] G. P. Mikitik and E. H. Brandt, Phys. Rev. B 71, 12510 (2005); B 76, 64526 (2007).
[9] E. H. Brandt, Phys. Rev. B 60, 11939 (1999).
[10] E. H. Brandt, Phys. Rev. B 64, 2505 (2001).
[11] E. H. Brandt and G. M. Mikitik, Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 4164 (2000).
S-I-073

Study and application of controlled vortex dynamics in patterned YBCO films

F. LAVIANO1.2, R. GERBALDO1.2, G. GHIGO1.2, L. GOZZELINO1.2, B. MINETTI1.2 and


E. MEZZETTI1.2
1
Department of Physics, Politecnico di Torino, c.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, ITALY
2
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sez-To, Via P. Giuria 1, 10134 Torino, ITALY
francesco.laviano@polito.it

Quantitative imaging of the local magnetic field and of current density distribution in
superconductors (with microscopic resolution over macroscopic length scales), is achieved by means
of the magneto-optical imaging technique with an indicator film [1]. We exploit this technique to study
the vortex arrangement and the corresponding supercurrent distribution in high temperature
superconducting YBa2Cu3O7-x films. Several patterned superconducting films were studied, either non-
simply connected structures, which imply macroscopic flux quantization, and superconductors whose
local properties were tailored by means of confined heavy-ion irradiation. Moreover, by means of
electrical transport measurements coupled with the real-time imaging of the magnetic pattern [2], it is
directly shown how the local current distribution in patterned superconductors is affected by the
electrical transport both in the Meissner and in the vortex regimes. The relevance of a controlled and
localized dissipation induced by the confined vortex motion in tailored superconducting films is
demonstrated for direct applications of this phenomenology to superconducting devices, such as
magnetic field and photon detectors.

[1] F. Laviano, D. Botta, A. Chiodoni, R. Gerbaldo, G. Ghigo, L. Gozzelino, S. Zannella and E.


Mezzetti, Supercond. Sci. Technol. 16 (2003) 71-79; F. Laviano, D. Botta, A. Chiodoni, R. Gerbaldo,
G. Ghigo, L. Gozzelino, and E. Mezzetti, Phys. Rev. B 68, 014507 (2003).
[2] F. Laviano, R. Gerbaldo, G. Ghigo, L. Gozzelino, B. Minetti and E. Mezzetti, Applied Physics
Letters 89 (2006) 082514.
S-I-074

Non linear flux flow resistance of type-II superconducting films

G. GRIMALDI1, A. LEO1, C. CIRILLO1, C. ATTANASIO2, A. NIGRO2, S. PACE2


and R. P. HUEBENER3
1
CNR-INFM, Regional Laboratory SuperMat, Via S. Allende 84081, Baronissi (SA), ITALY
2
Physics Department E. R. Caianiello, Università di Salerno, I- 84081 Baronissi (SA), ITALY
3
Physikalishes Institut, Universitaet Tuebingen, D-72076 Tuebingen, GERMANY
grimaldi@sa.infn.it

Non linear effects in the vortex motion of type-II superconductors in the mixed state have been
studied so far both from theoretical and experimental point of view [1]. Here we focus our analysis on
the flux-flow regime in materials exhibiting quite strong pinning properties. By driving the vortex
lattice (VL) up to high dissipative states, the moving VL undergoes an abrupt change from the flux
flow state to the normal resistive one, which is reflected in the current-voltage characteristics as a
sudden voltage jump at a critical vortex velocity v*. Several mechanisms have been proposed to
explain this non linear flux flow behavior. As shown by Larkin and Ovchinnikov (LO), the energy
increase of the quasiparticles in the vortex core due to the electric field generated by vortex motion,
results in a shrinking of the vortex core, a corresponding reduction of the damping coefficient and an
instability of the flux-flow resistance [2]. We study the dependence of vortex critical velocity v* on
temperature and magnetic field in Nb superconducting strips of different widths and thicknesses [3, 4].
We observe an original behavior, unpredictably within the LO model, in the magnetic field
dependence of the vortex critical velocity. A new crossover magnetic field is found between the
commonly observed decreasing dependence v*(B)~B-1/2 at higher fields and an opposite increasing
dependence in the lowest magnetic field range investigated [5]. This observation has been also
confirmed in Al type-II superconducting thin film by varying its pinning properties with an artificial
magnetic pinning structure [6].
In addition, the vortex dynamics shows a non linear flux flow resistance before the vortex
velocity instability takes place. This non linear behavior displays a ―peak effect‖ in the current
dependence of the flux flow dynamic resistance Rff(I) as function of the magnetic field in a well
defined temperature dependent magnetic field range. The occurrence of such peak in the flux flow
dynamic resistance of Nb films is compatible with a current dependence of the pinning force, and a
dynamic transition from a disordered VL to an ordered moving one [7].
Finally, we conclude that pinning plays the crucial role in determining both the observed
unusual effects: the low field crossover in v*(B) and the Rff(I) peak.

[1] R. P. Huebener, Vortices in Unconventional Superconductors and Superfluids (Springer, Berlin


2002) p 341.
[2] A. I. Larkin and Yu. N. Ovchinnikov, J. Low Temp. Phys. 34, 409 (1979).
[3] G. Grimaldi, A. Leo, A. Nigro, S. Pace, C. Cirillo, C. Attanasio, Physica C 468, 765 (2008).
[4] G. Grimaldi, A. Leo, A. Nigro, S. Pace, A. A. Angrisani, C. Attanasio, Jour. Phys. C. S. 97, 012111
(2008).
[5] G. Grimaldi, A. Leo, C. Cirillo, C. Attanasio, A. Nigro, S. Pace, J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 21,
254207 (2009).
[6] A. Leo, G. Grimaldi, A. Nigro, S. Pace, N. Verellen, A. V. Silhanek, W. Gillijns, V. V.
Moshchalkov, V. Metlushko, B. Ilic, Physica C (2009) in press.
[7] G. Grimaldi, A. Leo, A. Nigro, S. Pace, and R. P. Huebener, Phys. Rev. B 80, 144521 (2009).
S-I-075

Anisotropic superconductivity and vortex dynamics in magnetically coupled F/S and F/S/F
hybrids

G. KARAPETROV1, A. BELKIN1,2, M. IAVARONE1,3, J. FEDOR1, V. NOVOSAD1,


M.V. MILOSEVIC4 and F.M. PEETERS4
1
Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory,Argonne, IL 60439, USA
2
Physics Division, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Il 60610, USA
3
Physics Department, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
4
Departement Fysica, Universiteit Antwerpen,Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerpen, BELGIUM
goran@anl.gov

Magnetically coupled superconductor-ferromagnet hybrids offers advanced routes for


nanoscale control of superconductivity. Magnetotransport characteristics and scanning tunneling
microscopy images of vortex structures in superconductor-ferromagnet hybrids reveal rich
superconducting phase diagram. Focusing on particular combination of a ferromagnet with a well-
ordered periodic magnetic domain structure with alternating out-of-plane component of magnetization,
and a small coherence length superconductor, we find directed nucleation of superconductivity above
domain wall boundaries. We show that near the superconductor-normal state phase boundary the
superconductivity is localized in narrow mesoscopic channels.
In order to explore the Abrikosov flux line ordering in F/S hybrids, we use a combination
scanning tunneling microscopy and Ginzburg-Landau simulations [1]. The magnetic stripe domain
structure induces periodic local magnetic induction in the superconductor, creating a series of pinning-
antipinning channels for externally added magnetic flux quanta. Such laterally confined Abrikosov
vortices form quasi-1D arrays (chains). The transitions between multichain states occur through
propagation of kinks at the intermediate fields. At high fields we show that the system becomes non-
linear due to a change in both the number of vortices and the confining potential.
In F/S/F hybrids we demonstrate the evolution of the anisotropic conductivity in the
superconductor that is magnetically coupled with two adjacent ferromagnetic layers [2]. Stripe
magnetic domain structures in both F-layers are aligned under each other resulting in directional
superconducting order parameter in the superconducting layer. The conductance anisotropy strongly
depends on the period of the magnetic domains and the strength of the local magnetization. The
anisotropic conductivity of up to three orders of magnitude can be achieved with spatial critical
temperature modulation of 5% of Tc.
Induced anisotropic properties in the F/S and F/S/F hybrids have a potential for future
application in switching and non-volatile memory elements operating at low temperatures.

[1] G. Karapetrov, M.V. Milosevic, M. Iavarone, J. Fedor, A. Belkin, V. Novosad, and F.M. Peeters,
accepted in Phys. Rev. B - Rapids
[2] A. Belkin, V. Novosad, M. Iavarone, R. Divan, J. Hiller, T. Proslier, J.E. Pearson, and G.
Karapetrov, submitted to APL.
S-I-076

Vortex dynamics in YBa2Cu3O7   films and superlattices: A magnetization relaxation study

L. MIU

National Institute of Materials Physics, 77125 Bucharest-Magurele, P.O. Box MG-7, ROMANIA
elmiu@infim.ro

Vortices in clean superconductors arrange into a lattice, which melts with increasing
temperature T through a first-order transition. When the random quenched disorder is significant, at
least in the high magnetic field H region the vortex system is disordered. The nature of the disordered
vortex phase at high H is not yet clarified.
Analyses of standard current-voltage (I-V) characteristics of various high-temperature
superconductors (HTS) have led to the conclusion that the disordered vortex phase should be an elastic
vortex glass [1] in the low-T region, with diverging pinning barriers at low current densities, where the
linear resistivity should vanish. On the other hand, magnetization relaxation experiments performed
on the same HTS reveal the presence of nondiverging pinning barriers well below the vortex-glass
transition line predicted by the I-V curve scaling [2].
We measured the relaxation of the irreversible magnetization for a series of optimally doped
YBa2Cu3O7   (YBCO) films and YBCO/PrBCO superlattices with H oriented along the c axis. The
observed common behavior is dominated by the presence of a crossover elastic (collective) vortex
creep at low T – plastic creep at high T generated by the T dependent current density J of the
macroscopic currents induced in the specimen during experiments. Magnetization relaxation in the
―flux-creep annealing‖ regime shows the drastic reduction of the creep-crossover temperature with
decreasing J, which indicates that in static conditions (J  0) the disordered vortex phase at high H
behaves like a plastically pinned vortex assembly, rather than an elastic vortex glass. We show that
the often reported I-V curve scaling in agreement with an elastic vortex glass – vortex fluid transition
originates from the crossover plastic creep – elastic creep generated by an increasing transport current.

[1] D. S. Fisher, M. P. A. Fisher, and D. A. Huse, Phys. Rev. B 43, 130 (1991).
[2] L. Miu, Phys. Rev. B 72, 132502 (2005); L. Miu, D. Miu, T. Petrisor, A. El Tahan, G. Jakob, and
H. Adrian, Phys. Rev. B 78, 212508 (2008).
S-I-077

Vortex matter in two-band mesoscopic superconductors

M. V. MILOŠEVIŠ, R. GEURTS, L. KOMENDOVA and F. M. PEETERS

Departement Fysica, Universiteit Antwerpen, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerpen, BELGIUM


milorad.milosevic@ua.ac.be

Using two-band Ginzburg-Landau theory, we discuss the effect of Josephson coupling and the
mutual drag between two interacting superconducting condensates in mesoscopic samples (disks,
polygons, and films) exposed to a homogeneous magnetic field. We show that the drag between
condensates in combination with order parameter coupling strongly affects the interband vortex-vortex
interaction. This leads to a unique set of possible vortex configurations, comprising asymmetric, non-
composite, even dynamic vortex states. We also calculate the demagnetization properties of the
samples, and show how latter exotic vortex states can be detected by magnetometry [1]. Finally we
introduce the magnetic coupling between condensates, and study in particular the case where one band
is type II and the other type I, i.e. the sample is effectively of I.x type [2]. Both the found vortex states
and the calculated M(H) loops show a clear signature of the mixed type of superconductivity, which
we find to be strongly affected by the ratio of coherence lengths in two condensates.

[1] A. Oral, S. J. Bending, and M. Henini, Appl. Phys. Lett. 69, 1324 (1996);
[2] V. V. Moshchalkov, M. Menghini, T. Nishio, Q. H. Chen, A. V. Silhanek, V. H. Dao, L. F.
Chibotaru, N. D. Zhigadlo, and J. Karpinski, Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 117001 (2009).
S-I-078

The Hall effect and the AC power absorption by vortices in a superconductor with a periodic
pinning potential

VALERIJ A. SHKLOVSKIJ 1,2


1
Institute of Theoretical Physics, NSC-KIPT, 61108, Kharkov, UKRAINE
2
Department of Physics, Kharkov National University, 61077, Kharkov, UKRAINE
shklovskij@univer.kharkov.ua

The theoretical analysis of a two-dimensional (2D) nonlinear guided vortex motion in a


tilted cosine pinning potential at zero temperature in the presence of a subcritical dc and a small ac
current is presented at arbitrary value of the dimensionless Hall constant ε and anisotropic vortex
viscosity. The influence of the weak ac current of arbitrary frequency on the dc and ac
magnetoresistivity tensors is considered. Analytical formulas for complex 2D linear impedance tensor
which depends on the angle α between the current density vector and the direction of the pinning
potential channels are derived and analyzed. Influence of the dc current density j , viscosity and the
pinning anisotropy , and the Hall parameter on the frequency dependence of linear power absorption
by vortices in terms of( j, α, ε )-dependence of the well-known [1] depinning frequency ωp is
elucidated and its decreasing with j and ε increasing is proved. It is shown that only in transverse and
longitudinal geometry of experiment (α=0 and α=π/2, respectively) the absorbed power P does not
depend on the reversal of the magnetic field direction, i.e. P( B )=P( -B )=P( B ) where B= | B |
.However, for α ≠ 0, π/2 the abovementioned dependence appears, i.e. P( B ) = P+( B )+ P-( -B ) where
P±( B ) = [ P+( B ) ± P( -B ) ] /2 are even (+) and odd (-) power absorption with respect to the B
inversion. In contradistinction to a more general stochastic approach to the same problem (discussed
recently in Ref. [2]) the results at zero temperature allow us to obtain simple analytical formulas for
frequency-dependent ac magnetoresistivity responses and power absorption which have simple
physical structure and interpretation.

[1] J.I. Gittleman and B. Rosenblum, Phys. Rev. Lett. 16, 734 (1966).
[2] V.A. Shklovskij and O.V. Dobrovolskiy, Phys. Rev. B 78, 104526 (2008).
S-I-079

Flux pinning in chemical solution YBCO films with tailored nanostructures

A. PALAU, C. MONTÓN, V. ROUCO, R. LUCCAS, T. PUIG, P. ABELLÁN, J. ZABALETA,


A. LLORDÇS, M. GIBERT, A. CARRETERO, F. MARTÍNEZ, R. VLAD, F. SANDIUMENGE,
S. RICART, N. MESTRES, X. GRANADOS and X. OBRADORS

Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Barcelona, SPAIN


palau@icmab.es

Nano-engineering the defect structure in YBCO thin films and coated conductors appears as a
formidable task, allowing to improve their vortex pinning properties and to open a new frontier in the
use of superconductors. However, the complexity of vortex matter in high temperature
superconductors poses tantalizing questions to the objective of correlating nanostructure and vortex
properties. The major challenge is faced in the ability to tailor novel nano-structures (based on non-
superconducting oxides or ferromagnetic materials) efficient in the immobilization of the magnetic
flux and in the understanding of the vortex-pinning mechanisms involved.
Our group has devoted much effort on using chemical routes to grow successful nanostructured YBCO
films, by following two general approaches transferable to long length coated conductors. The first
methodology consists of growing YBCO films on top of oxide nanostructured substrates (including
nanodots, nanowires and nanopyramids of different composition, crystal structrure, sizes and density).
The other approach comprises the generation of YBCO nanocomposites with secondary phases
embedded in the YBCO matrix, again with different composition, crystal structure, size, distribution
but also crystal orientation. The pinning mechanisms associated to these nanostructured films have
been thoroughly evaluated and correlated with the particular nanostructure. Moreover, we have used
high resolution nanolithography techniques (Focused Ion Beam, Electron Beam Lithography and nano-
indentation) in order to create model systems with specific pinning nanostructures in the YBCO films.
The analysis of these systems, with very well controlled pinning potentials, enables us to manipulate
and gather knowledge on vortex motion in YBCO films. In particular, we have observed vortex ratchet
effects in YBCO films with asymmetric pinning sites.
S-I-080

On the defect density dependence of the fishtail effect in superconductors

M. ZEHETMAYER and H.W. WEBER

Vienna University of Technology, Atominstitut, 1020 Vienna, AUSTRIA


zehetm@ati.ac.at

The fishtail effect in superconductors, which denotes the second maximum of the critical
current density as a function of magnetic field, is assumed to result from the different field and
temperature dependences of the pinning energy and the elastic energy of the flux line lattice. The
pinning energy depends also on the defect matrix, and thus we expect the position of the second peak
to change significantly with the defect density. The defect density is, however, usually not known in
as-grown single crystals. The problem may be sloved by introducing defects in an artificial way, as
provided, e.g., by neutron irradiation.
We investigate single crystals, which are very clean, i.e. show an almost reversible magnetization and
do not exhibit a second peak in the as-grown state, and show that the fishtail emerges when adding
defects by neutron irradiation. The defect dependence of the fishtail effect can be studied by irradiating
the same sample successively. "Dirtier" materials, e.g. high temperature superconductors that show a
fishtail in the as-grown state, usually lead to quite different results, namely to the disappearance of the
fishtail upon irradiation. We present neutron irradiation results on MgB2, NbSe2 and some high
temperature superconductors, discuss the effect on the fishtail effect and compare the results with
theory.
S-I-081

Charge, Spin and Lattice dynamics in YBa2Cu3Ox studied by Electron Paramagnetic Resonance

A. SHENGELAYA1, A. MAISURADZE2, K. POMJAKUSHINA3, K. CONDER3, H.KELLER2 and


K. A. MULLER2
1
Department of Physics, Tbilisi State University, GE-0128 Tbilisi, Georgia
2
Physik-Institut der Universiät Zürich, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
3
Laboratory for Developments and Methods, Paul Scherrer Institute,
CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland

Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) of Yb3+ was used to study fluctuating electric and magnetic
fields in Y0.98Yb0.02Ba2Cu3Ox from undoped insulating to optimally doped, superconducting region
(6  x  7).

Measurements of the temperature dependence of Yb3+ EPR linewidth demonstrated that both electronic
and phononic mechanisms contribute to relaxation. We were able to separate these processes and
studied their relative contributions as a function of oxygen doping. As expected, electronic
contribution decreases with decreasing oxygen doping, while phononic part is practically doping
independent. It was found that traditional Raman and Orbach mechanisms involving acoustic phonons
can not explain the temperature dependence of the Yb3+ EPR linewidth. Instead, a Raman process via
the coupling to high-energy (~450 K) optical B1g phonons is responsible for the phononic part of Yb3+
relaxation in YBa2Cu3Ox.

A drastic broadening of the EPR line was observed below oxygen doping level x=6.4, showing that the
spin fluctuations are strongly modified near the critical value for superconductivity in agreement with
recent neutron scattering measurements. Implications of obtained results will be discussed.
S-I-082

Chemical doping and strain effect for improvement in Jc and Hirr and Hc2 in MgB2

S. X. DOU

Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, University of Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, Wollongong, NSW
2522, Australia

Chemical doping has proved to be the most effective means to modify and enhance the
superconducting properties of MgB2. More than 100 different forms of dopants have been investigated
over the past 8 years. The most effective dopants have been identified to be C, SiC, CNT,
carbohydrates, hydrocarbon. A significant improvement on the critical current density, Jc,
irreversibility field, Hirr, and the upper critical field, Hc2 of doped MgB2 have been achieved. A dual
reaction model was proposed to classify, evaluate and explain the effect of all dopants. According to
this model the optimal doping effect can be achieved when the C substitution and MgB2 formation take
place at the same time at low temperatures. The understanding of dual reaction model has led to the
discovery of the advantages of carbohydrate doping in MgB2, resulting in an achievement of
benchmarking Jc, Hirr, and Hc2. The chemical doping has also been responsible for the achievement in
high Tc and Hc2 in the newly discovered Fe-As superconductors as well as for the achievement of room
temperature spintronic materials. A strain engineering has offered an alternative strategy that does not
alter the materials intrinsic properties but achieve a significant improvement in desired properties. The
strain can be controlled by both lattice mismatch and residue thermal stress. By making SiC-MgB2
composite a strong residue thermal strain is caused by the huge difference in thermal expansion
coefficients (α) of the MgB2 and SiC. The thermal strain in the MgB2 phase was demonstrated with
XRD, Raman spectroscopy, and TEM. By taking advantage of residual thermal strains, we are able to
design a composite with only a small decrease in Tc, and little increase in ρ, but a significant
improvement in Jc and Hirr.
S-I-083

Effects of high pressure on the physical properties of MgB2

T. PRIKHNA

Institute for Superhard Materials of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev 04074, UKRAINE
prikhna@mail.ru, prikhna@iptelecom.net.ua

The main advantages of the use of high-pressure synthesis and sintering (0.5-2 GPa, 600- 1050
o
C, 1 h) to manufacture polycrystalline MgB2 are the possibility to get almost theoretically dense (99
%) nanostructural (15-37 nm average grain sizes) materials with high critical current densities, fields
of irreversibility, upper critical fields, thermoconductivity and mechanical characteristics. High density
prevents the materials from fast degrading and the attained characteristics can be maintained for at
least 5-6 years even if high-pressure manufactured materials are kept in air. The modern high-pressure
equipment available allows manufacturing blocks of 60 – 100 mm in diameter and the developed
technologies of cutting bulk dense blocks make it possible to produce intricate products thus opening
the possibilities for practical applications of the above materials. Hot pressing (up to 30 MPa) and
spark plasma sintering (up to 50 MPa) techniques can be used to manufacture of blocks much larger in
size and despite the fact that attained SC properties of materials are somewhat lower and the
manufacture is somewhat longer than those of high-pressure produced materials, their practical
application is challenging as well. Recently the high SC properties have been attained for MgB2 wires
produced using high-pressure (3.9 GPa) densification before sintering. The MgB2-based materials are
very promising for SC fault current limiters, electromotors, pumps, generators, shields of magnetic
fields, etc. that operate at 4.2-30 K. For high-pressure (2 GPa) synthesized materials in self field at 20
K jc=1.8106 A/cm2 (with 10% Zr), jc=1.0106 A/cm2 (without additions) and at 35 K jc=1.5105 A/cm2
(without additions); Tc=39.4 K have been attained even for materials with 10% of Ti addition. For
materials without additions HC2=15 T at 22 K, Hirr =13 T at 20 K and jc=103 A/cm2 in 8 T field at 20 K
have been registered. The highest mechanical properties are as follows: the Vickers hardness under a
148.8 N-load Hv=10.120.2 GPa and fracture toughness under the same load K1C=7.6 2.0 MPa m0.5,
Young modulus E=273 GPa.
The structure of all MgB2-based materials manufactured under high or elevated pressure
contains small amount of MgO (detected by X-ray) and 5-14 wt% oxygen seems bonded to Mg and B,
the presence of which could not be determined by X-ray analysis. No correlations were found between
the amount of oxygen in initial B or MgB2 and its amount in synthesized or sintered materials as well
as between amount of oxygen in material structure and its Tc and jc. But distribution of oxygen bonded
to Mg and B essentially influences SC characteristics. In parallel with grain boundaries oxygen-
enriched Mg-B-O inclusions and grains of higher borides (with near MgB12 stoichiometry, in
particular) can be responsible for increase of pinning in nanocrystalline high-pressure produced
materials. It is highly probable that the positive effect of additives such as Ti, Ta, Zr, SiC on SC
characteristics of MgB2 can be due to their influence on distribution of oxygen and hydrogen in the
material structure as well as on the formation of larger amount of higher borides. The formation of
TiH2, Ta2H and ZrH2 due to the adsorption of admixture hydrogen can lead to the improvement of
mechanical properties because of preventing cracks from forming during synthesis and sintering. The
most pronounced role in attaining of high SC characteristics is played by the quality of initial boron or
magnesium diboride powders. The high critical current densities (commensurable with that for the
materials with additions) can be attained in materials produced only from Mg and B or from MgB2.
This supports the view of the primary importance of distribution of oxygen, higher borides, hydrogen
and carbon admixture in the material structure for SC characteristics of MgB2-based materials.
SUPERCONDUCTIVITY

ORAL PRESENTATIONS
S-O-001

La2CuO4 properties predicted by Hartree-Fock symmetry breaking effects:


Hints for clarifying the Mott-Slater debate

A. CABO-BIZET 1 and A. CABO MONTES DE OCA2


1
Departamento de Física, Centro de Aplicaciones Tecnológicas y Desarrollo
Nuclear (CEADEN), Calle 30, esq. a 5ta, La Habana, CUBA.
2
Departamento de Física Teórica, Instituto de Cibernética, Matemática y Física (ICIMAF),
Calle E, No. 309, entre 13 y 15, Vedado, La Habana, CUBA.
cabo@icmf.inf.cu

It is argued that a Hartree-Fock (HF) solution for Coulomb interacting electrons in a simple
model of the Cu-O planes in La2CuO4 is able to predict some of the most interesting properties of this
material, such as its insulator character and the antiferromagnetic order. Moreover, the natural
appearance of pseudogaps in their paramagnetic and superconductor phases is also suggested by the
discussion. These results follow after the elimination of some symmetry restrictions which are usually
imposed on the single particle HF orbitals. One of them is the simplification of their spinor
dependence to be of the so called α or β types. This constraint seems to strongly reduce the largest
space of orbitals corresponding to the rotational invariant HF formulation originally introduced by
Dirac. We also remove the demand on the HF orbitals of having a Bloch structure in the Bravais lattice
of the crystal. This procedure allows for the consideration of HF solutions having the same symmetry
than the known (symmetry breaking) antiferromagnetic structure of the material. It turns out that the
most stable HF solution of the problem corresponds to an antiferromagnetic and insulating state (IAF).
Encouragingly, the evaluated magnetic moment per cell is 0.67 μB, a result that satisfactorily
reproduces the experimentally measured value: 0.68 μB. Another HF solution having a slightly higher
energy arises and corresponds to a paramagnetic state showing a pseudogap (PPG). It follows after
only imposing the Bloch structure on the single particle states. Finally a third paramagnetic but
metallic solution (no gap) is also obtained by including both of the mentioned restrictions. The
interesting result follows that this state only differs from the PPG pseudogap state in the form of
excited empty orbitals. That is, the occupied single particle states and the HF energy at T = 0 for both
solutions, are identical. In general, the discussion helps to clarify the role of the antiferromagnetic
correlations in the physics of the HTSC materials. In addition, these initial results indicate a promising
way for start conciliating the Mott and Slater pictures in the physics of the strongly correlated electron
systems. This possibility could directly result from checking the suspicion about that the same
procedure can also describe the similar properties of the transition metal oxides. This search will be
considered elsewhere.
S-O-002

Study of underdoped Y1-xCaxBaCuO6+y: Hole pockets and chain formation described by First-
Principles band theory

A. FILIPPETTI, D. PUGGIONI and V. FIORENTINI

Sardinian Lab for Computational material Science (SLACS-INFM CNR), Department of Physics, University of Cagliari,
Monserrato 09042, Cagliari, ITALY
alessio.filippetti@dsf.unica.it

Theoretical investigation of strong-correlated materials, such as magnetic and superconducting


oxides, requires accurate and computationally affordable First-Principles methods. Standard theories
such as LSDA and GGA are not adequate to this aim, and innovative approaches are needed. The
pseudo-self-interaction corrected local spin density functional theory (pSIC) [1, 2] is based on a smart
approximation which makes the method conceptually and computationally manageable. Furthermore,
it does not make use of adjustable parameters and is universally applicable to Mott insulators and
metals alike
Here we present results of applications to superconducting Y1-xCaxBa2Cu3O6+y at low-doping,
that is a paramount challenge for First-Principles theories. The pSIC possesses the unprecedented
capability of correctly describing the system in both Mott insulating and metallic limit, thus allowing
the reliable description of the doped system at any doping concentration. Our study delivers important
insights on several aspects of chain formations and the relation between order-disorder and metal-
insulating transitions within the CuOy chains [3]. Furthermore, we have calculated the Fermi surface
(FS) at low doping for several magnetic and non magnetic phases [4]. In Fig.1 we illustrate our
calculated FS for antiferromagnetic (AF, left) and paramagnetic (PM, right) ordering at hole doping
h=0.125. Our results show, for the first time by First-Principles, that AF ordering gives rise to small
pockets with area consistent with the Shubnikov-de Haas measurement, while the PM ordering shows
the large Fermi cylinder compatible with the Fermi liquid behavior. This result is a strong indication
that the pockets-arcs dichotomy can be resolved in terms of coexistent AF-PM nanoscopic domains.

Figure 1

[1] A. Filippetti and N. Spaldin, Phys. Rev. B 67, 125109 (2003).


[2] A. Filippetti and V. Fiorentini, Eur. Phys. J B, 71, 139 (2009).
[3] A: Filippetti, G. Lopez, M. Mantega, and V. Fiorentini, Phys. Rev. B 78, 233103 (2008).
[4] D. Puggioni, A. Filippetti, and V. Fiorentini, Phys. Rev. B 79, 064519 (2009).
S-O-003

Intercalation- and pressure- driven stabilization of superconductivity In 1T-TaS2

A. SELLAM1, M. D‘ASTUTO1, M. CALANDRA1, F. MAURI1, Y. LE GODEC1, G. ROUSSE1,


D. TAVERNA1, G. LOUPIAS1, A. SHUKLA1, E. GILIOLI2 and A. GAUZZI1
1
IMPMC, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6 and CNRS, Paris, FRANCE
2
Istituto Materiali per Elettronica e Magnetismo, CNR, Parma, ITALY
amine.sellam@upmc.fr

By means of high resolution neutron powder diffraction, magnetization and electrical resistivity
measurements as a function of temperature, we studied the structural, magnetic and transport
properties of pure and intercalated 1T-TaS2 samples synthesized under high pressure up to 6 GPa. Our
data analysis shows that high-pressure synthesis stabilizes sizable changes in the 1T structure, thus
controlling the competition between charge density wave (CDW) and superconducting ground states.
These changes mainly consist of an expansion of the out-of-plane (c)-axis and a shrinking of the in-
plane (a)-axis, thus enhancing the two-dimensional character of the electronic structure, concomitant
to a stabilization of the SC state at Tc ~ 4 K, in agreement with a previous transport study under high
pressure [1]. With the help of ab initio calculations of the electronic structure and of the phonon
dispersion within the Density Functional Theory, we discuss the link between the above structural
changes measured experimentally and the onset of phonon or Peierls-like instabilities that may be
responsible for the CDW state. We finally discuss the relationship between the Tc changes measured
experimentally and the above instabilities in order to elucidate the role of the electron-phonon coupling
on superconductivity in layered dichalcogenides.

[1] B. Sipos et al., Nature Materials 7, 960 (2008).


S-O-004

Insensitivity of the superconducting gap in Zn-substituted Bi2212 to variation in Tc

Y. LUBASHEVSKY and A. KANIGEL

Department of Physics, Technion, Haifa 32000, ISRAEL


amitk@physics.technion.ac.il

There are two energy scales that govern the phase diagram of the High-Tc cuprates, the
superconducting temperature, Tc, and the pseudogap temperature- T*. The doping affects both energy
scales and makes it difficult to identify the role each of them play in determining the low-temperature
gap shape. In our work, we use Zn-substitution to, effectively, separate the energy scales. The Zn
atoms replaces Cu in the planes, and reduces Tc, while T* stays unchanged. We used high resolution
ARPES to measure the momentum-dependent gap-shape in a series of optimally doped Zn-Bi2212
samples, with different Zn levels. We find no change in the gap shape, although Tc is changed by about
20%. Our results indicate that Tc plays no role in the determination of the gap-shape at low
temperatures.
S-O-006

Emission of THz waves from large area mesas of superconducting Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ by spin
polarized tunneling

F. TURKOGLU1, L. OZYUZER1, H. KOSEOGLU1, Y. DEMIRHAN1, Y. SIMSEK2,


S. PREU3, D. PLOSS3, S. MALZER3, H.B. WANG4 and P. MULLER2
1
Department of Physics, Izmir Institute of Technology (IZTECH), 35430, Izmir, TURKEY
2
Physical Institute III, University of Erlangen-Nurnberg, Erlangen, GERMANY
3
Max Planck Optics Group, University of Erlangen-Nurnberg, Erlangen, GERMANY
4
National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, JAPAN
fulyaturkoglu@iyte.edu.tr

There is an increasing interest in science and technology of electromagnetic waves in terahertz


frequency range (0.1-10 THz) because of their emerging application areas including physics, biology,
chemistry, astronomy, medicine etc. The observation on generation of THz radiation emitted from lateral
dimension of high temperature superconductor (HTS) Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ (Bi2212) and responses to THz
waves increase the importance of these HTSs [1]. Single crystal of HTS Bi2212 forms natural
superconductor-insulator-superconductor (SIS) layered junctions, which are called intrinsic Josephson
junctions (IJJ). The stacks of IJJs in Bi2212 can be used such a voltage-frequency converter and their large
energy gap allows the emissions at THz frequency range. Recently, it is demonstrated that rectangular IJJ
mesa structures of Bi2212 can be used as a source of continuous, coherent and polarized THz radiation [1].
It is shown that all THz emitting mesas are below a certain underdoped level, which has relatively small
critical current in contrast to optimally doped and overdoped Bi2212 [2]. In this work, we deposited Au (8
nm)/Co (60 nm)/Au (100 nm) multilayer top of mesa and obtained small critical current from mesas
fabricated by as-grown Bi2212 single crystals due to injection of spin polarized current. Mesa shaped
photoresist mask was patterned by using optical photolithography process and the rectangular mesa
structures with required sizes (60x300 to 100x300 µm2) were fabricated using Ar-ion beam etching. In
order to characterize the Bi2212 mesas, c-axis resistance versus temperature (R-T) and current-voltage (I-
V) tunneling characteristics were investigated. During I-V characterization, we used a Si composite
bolometer to detect the THz emission. The c-axis R-T measurements of the mesas exhibit near underdoped
behavior of Bi2212 single crystal. Some of the hysteretic quasiparticle branches are observed in the I–V
characteristics of as-grown Bi2212 crystals. The magnitude of Josephson critical current of one of the as-
grown Bi2212 single crystal is 18 mA for 60x300 µm2 mesa when spin polarized current is injected through
the c-axes of the mesa. At high bias (> +1.5 V), back bending of the I-V curve is observed because of high
doping level and the large volume of the mesa. THz emission was obtained before heating severely affects
the local mesa temperature, near 0.61 V. Michelson interferometer setup was used to form an interference
pattern. Signals detected by bolometer indicate that the emission frequency is 0.537 THz for 60 µm wide
mesa.
The research is partially supported by TUBITAK (Scientific and Technical Research Council of
Turkey) project number 108T238.

[1] L. Ozyuzer, A. E. Koshelev, C. Kurter, N. Gopalsami, Q. Li, M. Tachiki, K. Kadowaki, T.


Tamamoto, H. Minami, H. Yamaguchi, T. Tachiki, K. E. Gray, W. K. Kwok and U. Welp, Science 318,
1291 (2007).
[2] L. Ozyuzer, Y. Simsek, H. Koseoglu, F. Turkoglu, C. Kurter, U. Welp, A. E. Koshelev, K. E.
Gray, W. K. Kwok, T. Yamamoto, K. Kadowaki, Y. Koval, H. B. Wang, P. Müller, Supercond. Sci. and
Technol. 22,114009 (2009).
S-O-007

Reactive ion etching of superconducting Bi2212 using PRʹ/Ta/PR mask for the generation of
THz waves

H. KOSEOGLU, F. TURKOGLU, Y. DEMIRHAN, Z. MERIC and L. OZYUZER

Department of Physics, Izmir Institute of Technology (IZTECH), 35430, Izmir, TURKEY


hsnkoseoglu@gmail.com

High temperature superconducting Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ (Bi2212) single crystals have natural


junctions called intrinsic Josephson Junctions (IJJs). They play an important role for generation of THz
radiation when a static voltage applied along the c-axis of Bi2212 (ac Josephson Effect) [1].
Generation of powerful THz radiation requires mesas with large lateral dimension but there are
difficulties in fabrication of perfect rectangular mesa. It should be close to 90 degrees to obtain IJJs
with same planar dimensions for synchronization of IJJs [2]. Since thick photoresist layer shades the
lateral dimension of mesa during ion beam etching, we patterned a PRʹ/Ta/PR mask on Bi2212 and
used selective ion etching to overcome this problem [3]. Firstly, thin gold (Au) layer was evaporated
on Bi2212 in vacuum chamber, then photoresist (PRʹ) was coated onto the gold layer by using spin
coater but for this photoresist layer (PRʹ) the spinner was rotated for 25 s giving a 750 nm layer of
resist and then hard baked at the 200 °C for 40 minutes to get strongest photoresist layer. After that Ta
layer was deposited on PRʹ/Au/Bi2212 using DC magnetron sputtering system. Finally, photoresist
layers with required sizes (from 40x300 to 100x300 µm2) were patterned on Ta layer using standard
optical photolithography process. By using PRʹ/Ta/PR mask, reactive ion beam etching have done with
ion beam of Ar, N2 and O2 and we have obtained mesas taller than 1 µm with lateral angle of
approximately 60 to 75° which is better than the previous studies. Atomic Force Microscopy,
Profilometer and SEM were used to measure the lateral angle and heights of the mesas. Moreover,
continues flow liquid He cryostat was used to examine electrical properties of mesas. The
resistance versus temperature (R-T) measurements of the Bi2212 single crystals was obtained between
300 and 10 K. The current-voltage (I-V) tunneling behavior of the Bi2212 mesas was obtained and
multi-branch structures were observed. During I-V measurements, we have also searched for THz
emission from mesas using Si bolometer.
The research is partially supported by TUBITAK (Scientific and Technical Research Council of
Turkey) project number 108T238.

[1] L. Ozyuzer, A. E. Koshelev, C. Kurter, N. Gopalsami, Q. Li, M. Tachiki, K. Kadowaki, T.


Tamamoto, H. Minami, H. Yamaguchi, T. Tachiki, K. E. Gray, W. K. Kwok and U. Welp, Science
318, 1291 (2007).
[2] A. E. Koshelev and L. N. Bulaevskii, Phys. Rev. B 77, 014530 (2008).
[3] Y. Nagai, K. Tsuru, A. Terada and K. Yanagisawa, IEEE Trans. on Mag. 27 1622 (1991).
S-O-010

Influence of Gd addition on magnetic and structural properties of Bi1.6Pb0.4Sr2Ca2-xGdxCu3Oy


superconductors by means of ac susceptibility

A.VARILCI, C.TERZIOGLU and S.ALTINTAS

Abant Izzet Baysal University, Department of Physics, Material Science Laboratory, 14280 Bolu, TURKEY
polat_fs@windowslive.com

We report the results of the influence of ac magnetic fields on hysteretic ac losses on Gd-
added Bi1.8Pb0.35Sr1.9Ca2.1Cu3GdxOy superconductors with x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5 by means of
home made ac susceptibility measurements, scanning electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction
investigations. Ac magnetic field and temperature dependent of the susceptibility measurements was
carried out in the range of 270-1352 A/m with the frequency of 800 Hz and no dc part. The critical on
set temperatures were estimated from the temperature dependence of the ac susceptibility curves. To
estimate the intergrain critical current density value for each sample, the ac susceptibility versus
temperature plots is used by applying Bean‘s model. We have also employed X-ray diffraction,
scanning electron microscopy techniques to investigate the effect of Gd addition on the microstructural
properties. We have also discussed the observed changes in microstructure and superconducting
properties due to Gd-addition.
S-O-012

NMR studies on antiferromagnetism and superconductivity in multilayered High-Tc cuprates


Ban-2Can-1CunO2n(FyO1-y)2

S. SHIMIZU1, S. TABATA1, H. MUKUDA1, Y. KITAOKA1, P.M. SHIRAGE2, H. KITO2 and


A. IYO2
1
Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Osaka 560-8531, JAPAN
2
National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba 305-8568, JAPAN
shimizu@nmr.mp.es.osaka-u.ac.jp

Despite of more than 23 years of research, there is still no universally accepted theory for mechanism
of cuprate high-Tc superconductors. A relationship between antiferromagnetism (AFM) and
superconductivity (SC) is believed to be a key to understand the origin of their remarkably high SC
transition. Experimentally, it is important to unravel the intrinsic property of underdoped cuprates, where
AFM and SC approach in the phase diagram. As a resent progress, interesting phenomena, such as the
reconstruction of the Fermi surface [1] and field-induced magnetic order [2], have been reported in under-
doped region, which urges us to focus on the relationship between the antiferromagnetism (AFM) and
high-Tc SC. Here we discuss particularly on the issues, (i) can AFM order coexist with high-Tc SC? and
(ii) where is the quantum critical point of the AFM order? These are keys to understanding of cuprate-
superconductivity.
Ban-2Can-1CunO2n(FyO1-y)2 is known as a relatively new family of multilayered copper oxides with
apical-fluorine. The crystal structures are shown in Figure 1 for n=2-4; n is the number of the CuO2 layers.
Substitution of oxygen (O-2) for apical fluorine (F-1), i.e. a decrease in nominal fluorine content (y) results
in increasing the carrier density (Nh) and Tc from
under-doped to optimally-doped region [3,4]. This
system provides an opportunity to investigate the
characteristics of CuO2 layers over a wide range of Nh.
We report on magnetic and superconducting
characteristics in the apical-fluorine system, Ban-2Can-
63
1CunO2n(FyO1-y)2, through Cu- and 19F-NMR. The
NMR studies reveal that AFM order, which can
uniformly coexist with superconductivity, exists up to
Nh  0.16 and 0.18 when n = 4 and 5, respectively
[4,5]. On the other hand, such an AFM order has not
been observed at Nh  0.15 when n = 2; the magnetic
quantum critical point (QCP) would be smaller than, at
most, Nh  0.15. The fact that the QCP moves to a
region of larger carrier density with increasing n
ensures that an interlayer magnetic coupling, which
stabilizes an AFM order, increases with n.

[1] N. Doion-Leyraud et al., Nature 447, 565 (2007);


C. Jaudet et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 187005 (2008);
T. Helm et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 157002 (2009).
[2] J. Chang et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 177006 (2009).
[3] P.M. Shirage et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 92, 222501 (2008).
[4] S. Shimizu et al., J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 78, 064705 (2009).
[5] H. Mukuda et al., J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 77, 124706 (2008).
S-O-014

The pseudogap phase of ultracold fermi atoms: Quantitative comparison between theory and
experiment and connections with underdoped cuprates

A. PERALI

Universita` di Camerino, Dipartimento di Fisica, I-62032 Camerino, ITALY


andrea.perali@unicam.it

The microscopic origin of the pseudogap phase observed in underdoped high-temperature


cuprate superconductors has long being a central issue in both theoretical and experimental
investigations. As the origin of the pseudogap opening remains unclear, one possible candidate is the
occurrence of strong pairing fluctuations above the critical temperature Tc. It is therefore relevant to
clarify whether pairing fluctuations alone could unambiguously lead to the existence of a pseudogap
above Tc. Ultracold Fermi atoms appear as ideal system for the purpose, being free of structural
complications of cuprate superconductors and where only pairing fluctuations are present, with the
possibility of tuning the inter-particle coupling. We present here momentum resolved RF spectroscopy
data for couplings close to resonance at Tc, obtained at JILA by the Jin's group and analyzed by us
using a t-matrix approach to pairing fluctuations in the normal state. The good agreement that results
from this combined experimental and theoretical analysis confirms the occurrence of a pseudogap
phase at and above Tc in a range of couplings close to resonance, and evidences remnants of a Fermi-
liquid behavior in these strongly non-Fermi-liquid systems in which only pairing fluctuations are
active. Our results, therefore, leaves further open the possibility that the pseudogap found in
underdoped cuprate superconductors might have a similar origin.
S-O-015

Investigation of the transport properties of coated conductors and comparison to that of YBCO
films deposited on single crystal substrates

P. BERNSTEIN1, Y. THIMONT1 and C. MCLOUGHLIN1,2


1
CRISMAT (UMR-CNRS 6508) -ENSICAEN and Université de Caen-Basse Normandie, Boulevard du Maréchal Juin
F14050 Caen cedex, FRANCE
2
National Centre for Plasma Science and Technology, School of Physical Sciences, Dublin City University, Glasnevin,
Dublin 9, IRELAND
pierre.bernstein@ensicaen.fr

The existence of non-superconducting zones in YBa2Cu3O7- (YBCO) films below the


transition temperature to the non-resistive state can limit the performances of YBCO devices,
especially of coated conductors for power transportation. In this work, we present detailed
measurements of the temperature dependence of the surface critical current density of commercial
YBCO coated conductors, that we compare to measurements carried out by other authors [1] on the
same type of samples and to measurements carried out on films deposited on SrTiO 3 single crystal
substrates. The main results obtained can be summarised as follows:
i) The investigated coated conductors, whoever the manufacturer and the fabrication process,
show the same maximum critical current density at low temperature. The same conclusion applies to
films deposited on single crystals, but the maximum critical current density of these films is about
twice as large as that of the coated conductors.
ii) The superconducting thickness of the samples, ds, can be different from dd, their deposited
ds
thickness. In the case of the films deposited on SrTiO3 single crystals, the ratio can be related to
dd
the substrate temperature during deposition.
iii) For both types of samples, the superconducting critical temperature, Tc, is modulated and
shows steps along the c-axis of the sample (see Fig.1). In most of the measured coated
ds
superconductors, the width of the high Tc step is equal to about . The 200-350 A/cm surface current
2
density measured at 77K on the coated conductors is due to this part of the films only. The possible
improvement of the performances of the YBCO devices suggested by these results will be discussed.

90 Figure1. Critical temperature distribution along


80
the thickness of a coated conductor
SUBSTRATE

70
[
1] A. O. Ijaduola, J. R. Thompson, R. Feenstra,
Tc(K)

60
D. K. Christen, A. A. Gapud and X. Song,
50 Phys.Rev.B 73, 134502 (2006).
40 American Superconductor

30
0 200 400 600 800 1000
z(nm)
S-O-017

Effect of heat treatments and Zr doped on superconducting properties of Bi1.6Pb0.4Sr2Ca2Cu3O


ceramics

H. AZHAN, R. F. FARIESHA and S. KHALIDA

Faculty of Applied Sciences


Universiti Teknologi Mara
Lintasan Semarak, 26400 Bandar Jengka
Pahang, Malaysia
dazhan@pahang.uitm.edu.my

The effects of heat treatments and the role of Zr have been studied using x-ray diffraction
(XRD) method, resistance measurement technique and FESEM equipment for the structural
identification, determination of critical temperature, Tc and morphologies characteristics respectively.
Generally, all samples displayed a normal metallic behavior above Tconset. The values of Tc(R=0) have
been found to decrease as Zr concentration increases. Heat treatments at 830 oC and 860 oC however
have increased the critical temperature, Tc and elongates the c-lattice for samples x = 0.15 and x =
0.20. The volume of 2223-phase ratio on 2212-phase has decreased gradually towards Zr
concentration. However for samples x = 0.15 and x = 0.20, the ratio of 2223-phase were improved
after applying heat treatment processes. The crystallographic structure remains in tetragonal form
where a = b  c. A few Zr is still exist in sample x = 0.15 and x = 0.20 although after sintering and heat
treated at 830 oC implies that the excess Zr cannot incorporated into crystalline structure of BSCCO
system. After heat treatment process at 860 oC, all these Zr peaks suddenly disappeared and hence
improved the volume of 2223 phase. The c-parameter that contributes to the superconducting
properties has shortened obviously in sample x = 0.15 and x = 0.20 and therefore contracted the
volume of cell unit.
S-O-019

Ag5Pb2O6/CuO composite, an approach to ambient temperature superconductivity

D. DJUREK

Alessandro Volta Applied Ceramics (AVAC), 10 000 Zagreb, Kesten brijeg 5, Croatia
danijel.djurek@zg.t-com.hr

Byström-Evers compound Ag5Pb2O6 [1] is highly conducting oxide metal, prepared from the
components Ag2O and PbO2 fired in 300 bar O2 atmosphere and 350 °C. Compound was then milled,
and particles of the size 11-300 nm were dispersed in powdered CuO matrix. Pellets of a given density
exhibit peculiar electric and magnetic properties. For low concentrations (< 40 w/w percents) material
is semiconductor or insulator, while for concentrations > 50 w/w percents composite is metallic, down
to liquid helium temperatures.
Intermediate concentrations exhibit properties characteristic for superconductors with transition
temperatures 178 < Tc < 350 K, depending on the size of dissolved metallic particles and their mutual
distance. Magnetic data support a presumption of the novel superconducting material.
By a careful increase of the concentration samples are prepared crossing from the semiconducting to
SC state with the onset temperature 178 K. For temperatures T > 178 K electric resistivity obeys the
temperature dependence ~ exp (T–1/2) up to 800 K, which sounds for the possibility of one
dimensional conduction mechanism [2] that assists appearance of the SC state. Low dimensionality
could be introduced by a phonon assisted tunnelling between the grains.

[1] A. Byström and L. Evers, Acta Chem. Scand. 4, 613 (1950).


[2] N. Mott, Phil. Mag. 19, 835 (1969).
S-O-020

High-Tc superconductivity mechanism controlled by electric dipole correlation and charge


correlation

T. GUERFI

Department of Physics, M'hamed bougara University, Boumerdes 35000, Algeria


tarek.guerfi@gmail.com

It is well known that the properties of high-temperature superconductors HTSC vary in an


unusual way when a moderate density of holes is introduced into the material by chemical doping.
Correlations show the parent undoped compound to be Mott insulator and, upon doping the
underdoped compounds displays unusual metallic behaviour with increasing Tc. Doping beyond the
optimal level yields normal metals with Fermi liquid behaviour and with decreasing Tc. This is one of
the reasons why, despite large experimental and theoretical efforts, the nature of superconductivity in
these materials remains unexplained.
Superconductivity is of course a quantum phenomenon. However, classical arguments can shed
important light into the fundamental physics of superconductors. In the sense of Bohr‘s
correspondence principle, one can argue that the macroscopic quantum manifestations of
superconductivity should be also understandable from a classical point of view. In this paper, a new
approach explaining the phenomenon of superconductivity, straightforwardly based on Coulombic
framework interaction without invoking phonons, and leading to a unified description of low and high
Tc superconductivity, with a point of view differing from that of BCS theory, is presented. The model
is based on parity and time broken symmetries phase transition leading to a particle antiparticle
condensation. It is strongly argued that high-temperature superconductors transform to an anti-
ferroelectric state (long range order) prior to the onset of superconductivity, whereas in conventional
materials, the material‘s crystal structure symmetry is the key to understand the mechanism of pairing
by introducing a mirror plane polarization effect in the lattice. This effect is responsible for strong
coupling and of two dimensionality aspect of HTSC.
S-O-021

Transport ac Loss Measurements and Simulations in Bi-2223/Ag Tape with Ni-Cover at the
Edges

Ö. ÆİÆEK1,2, F. GÖMÖRY1 and A. GENCER2


1
Institute of Electrical Engineering, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 842 39, Bratislava, Slovakia
2
Physics Department, Faculty of Sciences, Ankara University, Tandogan, 06100, Ankara, Turkey
ozlemthecicek@gmail.com

Measurements on Bi-2223 multifilamentary tapes covered on edges by nickel showed a substantial ac


loss reduction [1] and an increasement in the critical current of the tape. Samples prepared by Ni
deposition on commercial Bi-2223 tape with different cover properties. After measuring the critical
current and the transport ac loss of the tapes, cross-section photos of these tapes are taken. According
to these photos, the properties of nickel cover determined. These geometrical properties used in the
calculations for simulations. Measurements on the samples with the different thickness of Ni layer
shows; with increasing thickness the transport ac loss of the wire is decreasing except in the region less
than 40A. In this region because of the contribution of the Ni (ferromagnetic) cover, transport ac loss
of the Ni-covered tapes are larger than the bare one. Our calculations according to the method which is
detailed in [1], shows a good agreement with the measurements and the potential distribution of
current in the wire is plotted.

[1] Gömöry F, Vojenciak M, Pardo E and Souc J 2009 Supercond. Sci. Technol. 22 034017
S-O-022

Coinciding metal-insulator and superconductor-insulator transition in homogenously disordered


3D-NbN films
1 1 1
MINTU MONDAL , MADHAVI CHAND1, ANAND KAMLAPURE , JOHN JESUDASAN ,
1 1, 2 1 3
VIVAS C. BAGWE , ARCHANA MISHRA , S. P. PAI , VIKRAM TRIPATHI and
1
PRATAP RAYCHAUDHURI
1
Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha
Road, Mumbai 400005, India
2
Institute Instrumentation Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667, India
3
Department of Theoretical Physics, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400005, India
mondal@tifr.res.in

We present the evolution of superconductivity in epitaxial homogeneously disordered 3D-NbN


films down to the Metal-Insulator transition. The Ioffe-Regel parameter calculated from the resistivity
measured using standard 4-probe techniques and Hall coefficient measured using standard Hall bar
geometry, varies between kFl~1-10. The effective disorder is tuned by controlling the deposition
parameter. The superconducting energy gap () and magnetic penetration depth () are measured
using planar tunnel junction and standard ―Two Coils Mutual Inductance‖ techniques respectively.
As we approach towards metal-insulator transition, the superconducting transition temperature
(Tc) decreases and we observe a coinciding metal-insulator and superconductor-insulator transition at
kFl~1. In the lower disorder limit superconducting energy gap () and magnetic penetration depth ()
follows BCS behavior. However, as we approach the metal-insulator transition, the superconductivity
is characterized by suppression of coherence peaks in the differential conductance spectra of planar
tunnel junctions and a linear temperature dependence of superfluid density (ns-2). Our results
indicate that close to the quantum critical point the elementary excitations are different than that of a
conventional superconductor.

[1] S. P. Chockalingam, M. Chand, J. Jesudasan, V. Tripathi, and P. Raychaudhuri, Phys. Rev. B 77,
214503 (2008).
[2] S. P. Chockalingam, Madhavi Chand, Anand Kamlapure, John Jesudasan, Archana Mishra,Vikram
Tripathi, and Pratap Raychaudhuri1, Phys. Rev. B 79, 094509 (2009).
[3] Madhavi Chand, Archana Mishra, Y. M. Xiong, Anand Kamlapure, S. P. Chockalingam, John
Jesudasan, Vivas Bagwe, Mintu Mondal, P. W. Adams, Vikram Tripathi, and Pratap Raychaudhuri,
Phys. Rev. B 80, 134514 (2009).
S-O-023

AC losses in multilayered Bi1.8Pb0.4Ca2.2Sr2Cu3Ox/Ag superconductor

M. AKDOGAN, A. VARILCI, C. TERZIOGLU and I. BELENLI

Department of Physics, Abant Izzet Baysal University, 14280, Bolu, Turkey


akdogan_m@ibu.edu.tr

We have investigated the effect of field amplitude and orientation of the field on AC losses in
Bi1.8Pb0.4Ca2.2Sr2Cu3Ox/Ag superconductor with 2, 4 and 8 layers. These measurements performed
using a handmade ac susceptometer. The susceptibility measurements were carried out for ac field
amplitudes of 200, 400, 600, 800 and 1000 A/m with the frequency of 1 kHz and no dc part. The
critical temperatures were estimated from the temperature dependence of the ac susceptibility curves.
We have also employed X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive X-ray spectrum and scanning electron
microscopy techniques to investigate the effect of Ag layers between the Bi1.8Pb0.4Ca2.2Sr2Cu3Ox
superconductors on structural properties. The experimental results show that the ac losses depend on
field amplitude, temperature and orientation of the field.
S-O-024

Light induced evaporation and subsequent condensation of superconducting condensate in


cuprates

PRIMOŢ KUŠAR, TOMAŢ MERTELJ, LJUPKA STOJŢEVSKA and DRAGAN MIHAILOVIŢ

Department of Complex Matter, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, SLOVENIA
primoz.kusar@ijs.si

Ultrafast optical spectroscopy has been intensively used for studying conducting electron
relaxation for more than a decade. With the pump-probe technique the relaxation rates of fast
processes have been studied. It has been shown that small superconducting energy gap and the
biparticle nature of superconducting bosons (Cooper pairs) must be taken into account to model the
temperature and excitation fluence behavior of the relaxation.
Recently we used the method to measure the absorbed light energy needed for destruction of
superconducting condensate in La2-xSrxuO4. The energy required to destroy the superconducting state
is 2.0±0.8 and 2.6±1.0 K/Cu for x = 0.1 and 0.15, respectively. This is significantly larger than the
thermodynamic condensation energy density, indicating that the quasiparticles share a large amount of
energy with the boson glue bath within a few picoseconds. With detailed study of the possible
relaxation pathways through spin and lattice system on the relevant time scale of 10 -12 s, the
experiments appear to show that phonons must accept most of the energy.
We additionally performed measurements on other high temperature cuprate superconductors.
The optical evaporation energy was found to be proportional to square of the critical temperature and
is more than 10 times greater than the condensation energy extracted from specific heat measurements
making the previous conclusions more general.
We also used a three pulse pump probe experiment with one pulse used to destruct/evaporate
superconducting condensate and the remaining two to observe the relaxation back to the
superconducting state. This method gives a more detailed insight in the condensation process and
enabled us to monitor the heating effects in our experiments.
S-O-025

Numerical analysis of bulk superconductors magnetized by thermally actuated periodical


magnetic waves

Q. LI, C. RAWLINGS and T. A. COOMBS

Electrical Division,Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge,Trumpington Street, Cambridge, CB2 1PZ, UK


ql229@cam.ac.uk

High Temperature Superconducting (HTS) bulks, such as YBCO bulks, have the potential to trap
extremely high magnetic flux densities. Therefore, HTS bulks have been broadly applied as strong field magnets
[1]. According to the Bean model, a strong magnetic field, twice as high as the critical magnetic field HC, is
needed to fully magnetize superconductors, which is called the full penetration field. Hence, for conventional
magnetization methods, strong magnetic pulses are generated as the source in order to increase the magnetic
flux density trapped by HTS bulks [2]. The devices used to generate these pulses are usually solenoid coils,
which are big in size, high in cost and high in energy consumption. To avoid this problem, it is desirable to
make the magnetic field applied to HTS bulks as small as possible.
In this paper, a detailed numerical analysis of a YBCO bulk superconductor magnetized by the Thermally
Actuated Superconductor Magnetization System (TASMS) [3] is presented. Instead of using strong applied
pulses, the TASMS uses a rare-earth bulk magnet to magnetize a YBCO bulk. The rare-earth bulk magnet,
together with a Gadolinium (Gd) bulk and a heating/cooling switch system, composes a thermally actuated
magnet, which is developed to generate periodical magnetic waves. The magnetic waves travel from the
periphery to the center of the YBCO bulk and get trapped little by little, as shown in Figure 1. In this way, the
YBCO bulk can be gradually magnetized. Experimental results show that, after a number of magnetic waves, a
notable accumulation of magnetic flux density in the YBCO bulk can be achieved, which proves the possibility
of magnetizing bulk superconductors using multiple magnetic pumps and has the potential to produce strong
superconducting magnets.
Firstly, the details of the thermal actuated magnet are described. Modelling of the thermal actuated
magnet was carried out with COMSOL software and the simulation results are analyzed. Following this, a
model of the YBCO bulk under the periodical magnetic waves is built in MATLAB. A clear process of the
accumulation of magnetic flux trapped by the YBCO bulk is presented and a detailed analysis is completed.

Figure 1. Periodical magnetic waves, which are generated by the thermally actuated magnet, travel from the
periphery to the center of the YBCO bulk.

[1] T. Kiyoshi, S. Choi, S. Matsumoto, T. Asano and D. Uglietti, ―Magnetic Flux Concentrator Using Gd-Ba-
Cu-O Bulk Superconductors,‖ IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond., vol. 19, pp. 2174-2177, Jun. 2009.
[2] G. P. Lousberg, J-F Fagnard, E. Haanappel, X. Chaud, M. Ausloos, B. Vanderheyden and Ph.
Vanderbemden, ―Pulsed-field magnetization of drilled bulk high-temperature superconductors: flux front
propagation in the volume and on the surface,‖ Supercond. Sci. Technol., vol. 22, 125026, 2009.
[3] Q. Li, Y. Yan, C. Rawlings, T. A. Coombs, ―Magnetization of Bulk Superconductors Using Thermally
Actuated Magnetic Waves,‖ IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond., being published.
S-O-026

Behaviour of superconducting properties of Al doped TSMG YBCO bulk superconductors after


different oxygenation process

V. ANTAL 1,2, K. ZMORAYOVÁ 1, M. KAŇUCHOVÁ 1, M. ŠEFŢIKOVÁ 1, J. KOVÁŢ 1,


V. KAVEŢANSKÝ 1, P. DIKO 1, M. EISTERER 2, H.W. WEBER 2 and X. CHAUD 3
1
Institute of Experimental Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Watsonova 47, 04001 Košice, Slovakia
2
Vienna University of Technology, Atominstitut, Stadionallee 2, 1020 Vienna, Austria
3
CNRS/CRETA, 25, Avenue des Martyrs, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
antal@saske.sk

Effective nanosized pinning centres were created in TSMG YBCO bulk superconductors by
introduce of Al atoms which substitute Cu atoms in CuO chains. The influence of different
thermochemical treatments on the superconducting properties of Al doped TSMG YBCO bulk
superconductors were studied. Three oxygenation processes, such as standard oxygenation (SO), high
– pressure oxygenation (HPO) and preannealing in argon, were used. A significant increase of the
critical current density was observed by a factor of 3 in Al doped samples after HPO compared to
samples subjected to SO. Completely different pinning behaviour and microstructural properties were
observed in the samples after preannealing in argon in comparison to SO and HPO.
S-O-028

High temperature insulation systems for bulk applications of superconductors

Y.S. HASCICEK
Turksat AS, Konya Yolu 40. Km Golbasi-Ankara, Turkey
IEMM, Innovative Environmental Magnets and Materials Inc. 314 White Dr. Tallahassee,
Florida 32304, USA
UN-SPIDER, Langer Eugen UN Campus, Hermann-Ehlers-Str. 10, D-53113 Bonn, Germany
fairtradeysh@gmail.com

Almost all of the superconductor applications which use superconductors as conductors, require
good insulating systems. Except very few superconductors, most are brittle, and in a lot of applications
necessitate the Wind-and-React (W&R) process. Superconducting conductor is insulated, put into final
form (eg: wound into coil etc.) and then reacted, heat treated at appropriate temperatures depending on
the superconductor type. Then the gadget (eg: coil, reactor, transformer etc) is cured with minimal
handling.
Therefore high temperature, robust, thin enough insulating coatings had been in great demand
for a very long time. We have developed a thin, oxide, easy to apply insulation coating systems by
using chemical solution coating process. These insulation systems, their microstructural and electrical
characterizations, and examples of their uses in various applications will be presented.
S-O-030

Microwave measurements in the model high-Tc material HgBa2CuO4+δ: Discriminating between


superconducting fluctuations and pseudogap effects

N. BARIŠIŠ 1,2 , M. S. GRBIŠ3 , A. DULŢIŠ3 , I. KUPŢIŠ3 , Y. LI4 , X. ZHAO1,5 , G. YU4 ,


M. DRESSEL2 , M. GREVEN6,7 and M. POŢEK3
1
1. Physikalisches Institut, Universität Stuttgart, D-70550 Stuttgart, Germany
2
Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
3
Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, P.O. Box 331, HR-10002 Zagreb, Croatia
4
Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
5
State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699
Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
6
School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
7
Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
barisic@pi1.physik.uni-stuttgart.de

Superconducting fluctuations belong to fundamental properties of high-Tc superconductors.


They precede the superconducting long range order and carry important information about the
dimensionality of the superconducting phase. Although studied by various experimental techniques the
highest temperature at which the superconducting fluctuations can be observed, is not yet
unambiguously determined. Consequently, its relation with the pseudogap temperature T* and thus the
connection between T* and Tc is not yet understood. Moreover, it has been recently shown that the
Nernst effect, considered a pivotal experiment for the determination of the fluctuation regime, should
be interpreted with care. Thus, an alternative experimental verification of the SC fluctuation regime is
desirable. We are proposing a novel approach to microwave conductivity measurements to elucidate
the phase diagram of high-Tc cuprates. Measurements are performed on HgBa2CuO4+δ which is
considered to be a model high-Tc material due to its high-symmetry tetragonal crystal structure,
relatively simple unit cell with a small number of atoms, its record superconducting transition
temperature among all single Cu-O layer materials, and its property of confining chemical disorder to
the Hg-O layers which are relatively far away from the pivotal superconducting Cu-O layers. By
magnetic susceptibility and resistivity measurements we demonstrate the very high-quality nature of
the studied crystals [1]. The microwave loss measurements [1/(2Q)] were made in an eTE112 resonant
mode (13.1 GHz) of an elliptic copper cavity, using a resonant method. From a set of the single c-axis
data for a sample close to optimal doping we can clearly discern the opening of the pseudogap at
T*=185 (15) K, the appearance of the superconducting fluctuations at a much lower temperature
T'=105 (2) K, and the full transition to the superconducting state at the critical temperature Tc=94.3 K.
Thus, with the presently acquired high sensitivity we establish that the superconducting fluctuations
extend only to about 10 K above Tc. By applying a uniform magnetic field, we demonstrate that T‘ is
associated with the SC fluctuations. This is consistent with the notion that the onset of SC fluctuations
is distinct from the pseudogap phenomenon [2].

[1] N. Barišiš, Y. Li, X. Zhao, Y.-C. Cho, G. Chabot-Couture, G. Yu, and M. Greven Phys. Rev. B 78,
054518 (2008).
[2] M. S. Grbiš, N. Barišiš, A. Dulţiš, I. Kupţiš, Y. Li, X. Zhao, G. Yu, M. Dressel, M. Greven, and
M. Poţek, Phys. Rev. B 80, 094511 (2009).
S-O-032

Superconducting behavior of interfaces in graphite: Transport measurements of micro-


constrictions

S. DUSARI, J. BARZOLA-QUIQUIA and P. ESQUINAZI

Division of Superconductivity and Magnetism, University of Leipzig, D-04013 Leipzig, GERMANY


esquin@physik.uni-leipzig.de

The possibility of having granular superconductivity in graphite has been discussed recently
based on magnetization data obtained in bulk [1] as well as transport results in nanometer thin
mesoscopic graphite samples [2,3]. It has been found that this superconducting-like behavior appears
to be related to internal interfaces between crystalline regions inside oriented samples [4], an effect
similar to that found in the semi-metal Bi [5], a twin of graphite. The possible reason for triggering
superconductivity at temperatures T > 10K at the interfaces appears to be related to the increase in
carrier density of the graphene sheets due to disorder and/or hydrogen influence [6].
However, due to the granular nature of the superconductivity, transport measurements directly
at or of a single interface or superconducting ―grain‖ is extraordinarily tough [3]. In this study we used
a novel approach based on high-resolution measurement of the resistance of micro-constrictions
prepared in tens of nanometers thick graphite samples. These constrictions have been done using a
focused ion beam on graphite samples previously covered with a 300 nm thick resin in order to avoid
any change in the intrinsic properties of the sample during the cutting procedure.
We have measured clear hysteresis loops in the magneto-resistance as a function of magnetic
field applied perpendicular to the graphene planes. These loops are anomalous and reflect the behavior
expected for granular superconductivity [2,7]. Due to the localization of the current path through the
interface regions, an increase in the sensitivity of the measured voltage drop to the superconducting
effects is achieved. We observed that the smaller the constriction width the clearer the hysteresis in the
magneto-resistance observed up to temperatures T~50K, the temperature where the resistance vs.
temperature shows a maximum. The overall results support the existence of superconductivity at high
temperatures in internal regions of oriented graphite. They also indicate that the metal-like behavior of
the resistivity in oriented bulk graphite sample is not intrinsic and not related to the commonly
assumed scattering of conduction electrons with phonons.

[1] Y. Kopelevich and P. Esquinazi, J. Low Temp. Phys. 146, 629 (2007).
[2] P. Esquinazi et al, Phys. Rev. B 78, 134516 (2008).
[3] J. Barzola-Quiquia and P. Esquinazi, J Supercond Nov Magn DOI: 10.1007/s10948-009-0596-0
[4] J. Barzola-Quiquia et al., phys. stat. sol. (a) 205, 2924 (2008).
[5] F. M. Muntyanu et al., Solid State Commun. 147, 183 (2008) and Refs. therein.
[6] N. García and P. Esquinazi, J Supercond Nov Magn 22, 439 (2009).
[7] J. Li et al., Phys. Rev. B 47, 470 (1993).
S-O-033

NMR study of magnetically-ordered state and spatially-modulated superconducting gap in


CeCoIn5

K. KUMAGAI1, H. SHISHIDO2 and Y. MATSUDA2


1
Division of Physics, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, JAPAN
2
Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, JAPAN
kumagai@phys.sci.hokudai.ac.jp

A heavy-fermion superconductor, CeCoIn5, is believed to host a Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-


Ovchinnkov (FFLO) [1] state at a restricted region at high field and at very low temperature. [2] This
compound is also located near at the field induced quantum critical point. Recent NMR [3] and
neutron scattering [4] studies discover an anomalous modulated magnetic order within the novel
superconducting phase. We direct our attention to NMR measurement in order to clarify a puzzling
interplay between novel superconducting state and modulated magnetism of CeCoIn5.
NMR of the In(1), In(2) and Co site in the direction of both H//a and H//c-axis have been
measured in the low temperature range down to 40mK. In the case of H//a-axis, NMR spectra change
dramatically below T(Hc) in all the sites upon entering the novel SC state. The most striking future is
that a well-separated peak structure and characteristic broadening of the spectra of the In(2) site are
observed only in the novel superconducting phase. The experimental fact indicates an appearance of
finite hyperfine fields coupled to magnetically-ordered Ce moments. The magnetic ordering is never
observed in the normal state and also in the BCS superconducting phase. Based on our detail magnetic
and temperature dependences of the NMR results, we will discuss a possible magnetic structure
coupled inhomogeneous superconducting order parameter expected in the FFLO phase.
In the case of H//c-axis, well-separated peaks of the NMR spectra are observed at the Knight
shift positions expected for the normal and superconducting state for 4.75T<H<4.95T, suggesting the
appearance of a nordal plane structure as expected for the FFLO phase. However, apparent magnetic
ordering is not confirmed down to the lowest temperature (~40mK), different from the case for H//a-
axis.
We obtain also the temperature and field dependences of the Knight shift in the
superconducting state, and will discuss strong Pauli paramagnetic effects on the spatial distribution of
the spin susceptibility in the vortex state of CeCoIn5.

[1] P. Fulde, R.A. Ferrell, Phys. Rev. 135 (1964) A550, and A. I. Larkin and Y.N. Ovchinnikov, Sov.
Phys. JETP 20, 762 (1965).
[2] A. Bianchi et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 187004 (2003).
[3] B. L.Young et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 036402 (2007).
[4] M. Kenzelmann et al., Science 321, 1161818 (2008).
S-O-035

Effect of f electron excitations in heavy fermion and unconventional superconductors

P. THALMEIER1, A. AKBARI2, I. EREMIN2 and P. FULDE2


1
Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, 01187 Dresden, GERMANY
2
Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, 01187 Dresden, GERMANY
thalm@cpfs.mpg.de

The low energy spin fluctuations and crystalline electric field (CEF) excitations of f electrons
play a double role in many unconventional or anisotropic superconductors. They may act as a glue for
the formation of Cooper pairs and simultaneously as a probe to investigate the symmetry of the order
parameter. The former has been found in the skutterudite heavy fermion compound PrOs4Sb12 where a
singlet-triplet CEF excitation contributes to the pair formation and enhances Tc with respect to the La
homologue. The symmetry probing may be achieved by investigating the superconducting feedback
effect below Tc on the dynamical magnetic response. Interaction of quasiparticles may lead to the
formation of a spin exciton around wave vector Q and within the superconducting gap if the order
parameter fulfils (k+Q)=-(k). Striking feedback resonance effects were found in Ce- and U- heavy
fermion superconductors [1] like CeCoIn5 and UPd2Al3 as well as Ce-based Fe-pnictides [2]. These
observations are both intriguing many body effects and give a powerful tool to identify the symmetry
of the superconducting gap function.

[1] I. Eremin, G. Zwicknagl, P. Thalmeier and P. Fulde, Phys. Rev Lett. 101, 187001 (2008).
[2] A. Akbari, I. Eremin, P. Thalmeier and P. Fulde, Phys. Rev. B 80, 100504(R) (2009).
S-O-036

Coexistence of superconductivity and ferromagnetism

P. SINGH

Physics Department, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, P. O. Box 1176 ETHIOPIA
psinghgbpup@yahoo.com

An overview of the problem of the coexistence of superconductivity and ferromagnetism in


Uranium based superconductors such as UGe2, URhGe, UIr2 , UCoGe and ZrZn2 will be briefly
presented. Starting with a pairing Hamiltonian with equal spin superconducting triplet pairs and using
quantum field theory Green function formalism the coexistant ferromagnetic order with
superconductivity will be shown to be a very distinct and real possibility. The singlet
superconductivity coexisting with ferromagnetism in these systems is against the experimental
observations [1,2]. It will be argued that the superconductivity can be destroyed at two points as a
result of magnetic fields both intrinsic and/or extrinsic and thus establishing re-entrant
superconductivity as observed most recently in URhGe [3]. In the absence of consensus on the
mechanism the same is not highlighted [4,5] although magnetic fluctuations emanating from a
quantum critical point could provide the pairing [6]. The limitations of the model will also be
discussed.

[1] H. Suhl Phys. Rev. Lett.87. 167007 (2001).


[2] A. A. Abrikosov J. Phys. Conden.13, 943 (2001).
[3] K. P. Sinha and P. Singh J. Low Temp. Phys. 37, 389 (1979).
[4] P. Singh and K . P. Sinha J. Sol. Stat. Commun.73, 45 (1990).
[5] K. Sarita and P. Singh J. Physica Stat. Solidi 277b, 699 (2007).
[6] F. Levy et al., J. Phys. Cond. Matter 21,16421 (2009).
S-O-037

New challenging negative-U centers approach to transport properties problem of High-Tc


cuprates

S.V. BARYSHEV1, A.I. KAPUSTIN2, K.D. TSENDIN1, F.YU. SOLDATENKOV1 and


A.V. BOBYL1
1
Ioffe Institute, St. Petersburg, RUSSIA
2
Saint-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Saint-Petersburg, RUSSIA
kapustinalex@yandex.ru

One of the ways to describe properties of HTS cuprates is negative-U centres (NUC) model [1].
In the present work, at various x values, normal phase temperature dependence (T -dependence) of
Hall coefficient for YBa2Cu3O7−x [2] and La2−xSrxCuO4 [3] films was described in the framework of
NUC model. Model parameters were received for each x : effective mass of charge carriers m (several
tens of free electron mass), NUC concentration (~1021-1022 1/cm3), Δ value - energy distance between
Fermi level and the top of valence band (|Δ | ~ 100 K), and T -dependence of chemical potential.
Obtained data coupled with proposition that main contribution to carriers scattering is due to acoustic
phonons [4] were used to describe T-dependencies of resistivity of the HTS films. The results of model
calculation suggest that
(i) NUCs are the base units of HTS cuprate materials rather than crystal lattice defects;
(ii) NUC charge states D+,0,− correspond to states Cu3+,2+,+ of copper ions in local
environment of oxygen and cations [5];
(iii) it describe temperature dependences of Hall coefficient and resistivity self-congruent;
(iv) changing of conductivity type (from metallic to semiconducting) is due to changing
of Δ.

[1] Tsendin K.D. et al. SUST 16 , 80 (2003).


[2] Jones E.C. et al. PRB47 , 8986 (1993).
[3] Suzuki M. PRB 39 , 2312 (1989).
[4] Micnas R. et al. PRB 36 , 4051 (1987).
[5]Possible structure of NUC is widely discussed, but mainly the authors concur as we‘ve done in (ii)
(see e.g. Mitsen K.V. et al. Physics-Uspekhi 47, 493 (2004).
S-O-038

Lattice dynamical and electronical properties of superconductor SrNi 2As2 from first principles

C. PARLAK and R. ERYIGIT

Department of Physics, Abant Izzet Baysal University, 14280, Bolu, TURKEY


Parlak_c@ibu.edu.tr

The recent discovery of superconductivity in family of FeAs based compounds has opened an
intensive research interest for high-Tc noncuprate superconductors with possibly different
superconductivity mechanism. After iron-pnictides, a large number of similarly structured materials
have been investigated and found to be superconducting. We have investigated the properties of
recently reported "122 phases" superconductor SrNi2As2 using first-principles calculations. The
calculations have been carried out within the local density functional approximation (LDA) using
norm-conserving pseudopotentials and a plane-wave basis. Full phonon dispersions and electron-
phonon interaction parameters are calculated using density functional perturbation theory. The band
structure, total and partial densities of states and Fermi surface topology for SrNi2As2 are discussed.
S-O-039

Energy and temperature dependence of spin fluctuations in electron-doped iron arsenide


superconductors

D.S. INOSOV1, J. T. PARK1, P. BOURGES2, D.L. SUN1, Y. SIDIS2, A. SCHNEIDEWIND3, 4,


K. HRADIL5, 4, D. HAUG1, C. T. LIN1, B. KEIMER1 and V. HINKOV1
1
Max-Planck-Institut für Festkörperforschung, Heisenbergstraße 1, 70569 Stuttgart, GERMANY
2
Laboratoire Léon Brillouin, CEA-CNRS, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, FRANCE
3
Institut für Festkörperphysik, Technische Universität Dresden, D-01062 Dresden, GERMANY
4
Forschungsneutronenquelle Heinz Maier-Leibnitz (FRM-II), TU München, D-85747 Garching, GERMANY
5
Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, GERMANY
d.inosov@fkf.mpg.de

The proximity of superconductivity and antiferromagnetism in the phase diagram of iron


arsenides, the apparently weak electron-phonon coupling and the ―resonance peak‖ in the
superconducting spin excitation spectrum have fostered the hypothesis of magnetically mediated
Cooper pairing. However, since most theories of superconductivity are based on a pairing boson of
sufficient spectral weight in the normal state, detailed knowledge of the spin excitation spectrum above
the superconducting transition temperature Tc is required to assess the viability of this hypothesis.
Using inelastic neutron scattering we have studied the spin excitations in optimally doped
BaFe1.85Co0.15As2 (Tc = 25 K) over a wide range of temperatures and energies [1]. We present the
results in absolute units and find that the normal state spectrum carries a weight comparable to
underdoped cuprates. In contrast to cuprates, however, the spectrum agrees well with predictions of the
theory of nearly antiferromagnetic metals [2], without complications arising from a pseudogap or
competing incommensurate spin-modulated phases. We also show that the temperature evolution of
the resonance energy follows the superconducting energy gap, as expected from conventional Fermi-
liquid approaches. Our observations point to a surprisingly simple theoretical description of the spin
dynamics in the iron arsenides and provide a solid foundation for models of magnetically mediated
superconductivity.

[1] Inosov D S, Park J T, Bourges P, Sun D L, Sidis Y, Schneidewind A, Hradil K, Haug D, Lin C T,
Keimer B and Hinkov V, arXiv:0907.3632 (2009), to be published in Nature Phys.
[2] Moriya T, Spin Fluctuations in Itinerant Electron Magnetism (Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg,
1985).
S-O-040

Predictions of multiband strong-coupling Eliashberg theory compared with experimental


Andrev reflection data in iron pnictides

G.A. UMMARINO, D. DAGHERO, M. TORTELLO and R.S. GONNELLI

Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Torino and CNISM, 10129 Torino, ITALY


giovanni.ummarino@infm.polito.it

The experimental critical temperatures and the gap values of the superconducting materials
LaFeAsO1-xFx, SmFeAsO1-xFx and Ba1-xKxFe2As2, which are exponent of the most important families
(1111 and 122) of iron pnictides, can be reproduced by a s-wave three-band Eliashberg model.
According to the most widely accepted theoretical proposals for the coupling mechanism in pnictides,
in this model the dominant role is played by interband interactions and the order parameter undergoes
a sign reversal between hole and electron bands (s±-wave symmetry) [1]. The values of all the gaps
(and their temperature dependence as determined by point-contact Andreev reflection experiments
[2,3]) can be obtained by using high values of the electron-boson coupling constants and small typical
boson energies (in agreement with neutron diffraction experiments). The upper critical field, the
penetration depth and other physical quantities can be calculated as well and compared to experimental
data. Finally, the energy-dependent gap functions Δi(ω,T), obtained by solving the three-band
Eliashberg equations, can be inserted in the Blonder-Tinkham-Klapwijk model [4] to calculate the
Andreev-reflection spectra to be compared with experimental point-contact results.

[1] G.A. Ummarino, M. Tortello, D. Daghero and R.S. Gonnelli, Phys. Rev. B. 80, 172503 (2009);
G.A. Ummarino, Advances in Condensed Matter Physics. 2010, 1 (2009).
[2] R. S. Gonnelli et al., Phys. Rev. B 79, 184526 (2009).
[3] D. Daghero et al., Phys. Rev. B 80, 060502(R) (2009).
[4] G. E. Blonder, M. Tinkham and T. M. Klapwijk, Phys. Rev. B 25, 4515 (1982).
S-O-042

First observation of well-ordered vortex lattice in non-doped KFe2As2 superconductor by SANS


technique

H. KAWANO-FURUKAWA1, C. J. BOWELL2, E. M. FORGAN3, A. CAMERON3, R. W. HESLOP3,


K. KIHOU4,5, C. H. LEE4,5, A. IYO4,5, H. EISAKI4,5, T. SAITO6, H. FUKAZAWA5,6, Y. KOHORI5,6
and R. CUBITT7
1
Division of Natural/Applied Science, G.S.H.S., Ochanomizu University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8610, JAPAN
2
Dep. of Materials Science and Metallurgy, Univ. of Cambridge, Pembroke Street, Cambridge CB2 3QZ, UK
3
School of Physics and Astronomy, Univ. of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
4
National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8562, JAPAN
5
JST, TRIP, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0075, JAPAN
6
Dep. of Physics, Chiba Univ., Chiba 263-8522, JAPAN
7
Institut Laue-Langevin, 6 rue Jules Horowitz, 38042 Grenoble, FRANCE
furukawa.hazuki@ocha.ac.jp

Since the discovery of new Fe-based quaternary oxypnictide superconductor [1] much effort has
been expended to lay bare the nature of these new exotic materials. Six families have been revealed,
categorized by the structures 1111-, 122-, 111-, 11-, 21113- and 32225-type. Superconductivity with
transition temperatures as high as 56 K [2-4] has been achieved. The technique of small angle neutron
scattering (SANS) is ideal for studying the field profile of the superconducting vortices. Recently, the
vortex state in Ba(Fe0.93Co0.07)2As2 was studied at D22 ILL by Eskildsen et al. [5]. However, they could
only observe powder-ring patterns. Furthermore, K.-F. has performed SANS measurements at CG2 ORNL
on another Fe-based superconducting member, FeTe0.6Se0.4 but she has not been able to see clear Bragg
peaks on that material either. Powder ring patterns indicate that the vortices are not well ordered in a real
space due to strong pinning, which is introduced by local defects and/or disorder of the crystals and this can
obscure intrinsic features. It is therefore desirable to study new systems. Note that the most important point
here is to study systems which have a very clean electronic state and no structural disorder to minimize
pinning effects.
In order to clarify the nature of the vortex state of Fe-based superconductors, we have chosen the
KFe2As2 compound, which shows superconductivity without doping and no mixed sites exist. Very
recently we have succeeded in growing high quality large single crystals, with superconducting transition
temperature Tc (0) = 3.9K. It should be stressed here that a tested crystal shows a transition width of 0.2 K,
RRR is over 500, and that a de Haas–van Alphen signal is observable; this indicates that the sample is ultra
clean and ultra high quality. We have performed SANS measurements with H // c at D11 and D22 ILL on a
mosaic of these crystals and succeeded in observing clear Bragg spots for the first time. We also measured
temperature and field dependences of the scattering pattern and integrated intensity. We shall discuss the
observed behaviour and what they imply for the symmetry of the superconducting order parameter.

[1] Y.Kamihara, T.Watanabe, M.Hirano, and H.Hosono: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 130, 3297 (2008).
[2] Z.-A.Ren, J.Yang, W.Liu, W.Yi, X.-L.Shen, Z.-C.Li, G.-C.Che, X.-L.Dong, L.-L.Sun, F.Zhou, and Z.-
X.Zhao: Europhys. Lett. 83, 17002 (2008).
[3] X.H.Chen, T.Wu, G.Wu, R.H.Liu, H.Chen, and D.F.Fang:Nature 453, 761 (2008).
[4] M.Rotter, M.Tegel, and D.Johrendt: Phys. Rev. B78, 020503(R) (2008).
[5] M. R. Eskildsen, L. Ya. Vinnikov, T. D. Blasius, I. S. Veshchunov, T. M. Artemova, J. M. Densmore,
C. D. Dewhurst, N. Ni, A. Kreyssig, S. L. Bud'ko, P. C. Canfield, A. I. Goldman, Phys. Rev. B 79,
100501(R) (2009).
S-O-043

Transport properties of iron pnictides: A phenomenological theory

I. SEGA1 and P. PRELOVŠEK1,2


1
Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, SLOVENIA
2
Faculty for Mathematics and Physics, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, SLOVENIA
igor.sega@ijs.si

We present a phenomenological theory of the anomalous normal state transport properties of


superconducting iron pnictides. A simplified two-band model coupled via spin flusctuations is first
introduced [1] on which the calculation of the quasiparticle relaxation to lowest order in coupling is
based. Vertex corrections are neglected. Temperature dependence of resistivity, thermopower and Hall
constant are calculated under the marginality assumption [2,3] for the dynamical spin susceptibility
‖(), which enters the interaction kernel. In analogy with anomalous transport properties in cuprates
it is shown that here also similar anomalous properties emerge in qualitative agreement with
experimental data. In the region of optimal (electron) doping, as appropriate e.g. for Ba(FeCo)As
compound, a linear-in-temperature resistivity ρ(T)  T results, while a large (negative) thermopower
S(T) emerges from a combined effect of a pronounced asymmetry in energy dependence of the
quasiparticle damping Г(T,) and the change in the density of states close to the chemical potential. It
is also shown that the above (anomalous) effects require rather large interband coupling since as one
approaches the region of small density of minority carriers (holes) the response approaches the normal,
i.e. Fermi-liquid-like behavior of majority carriers (electrons). Open questions are also briefly
discussed.
S-O-044

Jc anisotropy in 122 and 1111 pnictide thin films

J. HÄNISCH1, K. IIDA1, M. KIDSZUN1,3, S. HAINDL1, T. THERSLEFF1,2, A. KAUFFMANN1,2,


F. KURTH1,2, B. HOLZAPFEL1 and L. SCHULTZ1,2,3
1
IFW Dresden, Institute for Metallic Materials, P.O. Box: 270116, 01171 Dresden, GERMANY
2
Dresden University of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Institute for Materials Science, 01062
Dresden, GERMANY
3
Dresden University of Technology, Department of Physics, Institute for Physics of Solids, 01062 Dresden, GERMANY
j.haenisch@ifw-dresden.de

We have successfully grown epitaxial, superconducting films in two families of iron pnictides,
Ba(Fe1-xCox)2As2 (122) [1] and LaFeAs(O1-x,Fx) (1111) [2]. Detailed investigations of their critical
current density Jc with respect to temperature as well as both the applied magnetic field magnitude and
orientation will be shown in this contribution. Both films grow very clean and without observable
correlated defects parallel to the c-axis, as confirmed by TEM. This is also reflected in the absence of a
c-axis peak in Jc(). In contrast to cuprate high-Tc superconductors such as YBCO or even Bi2223, the
pnictides have very low anisotropies in their Jc() behaviour as well as in their characteristic and
critical fields, such as Hirr and Hc2. Both families show the same anisotropy behaviour, 122 having
slightly lower anisotropies.

[1] K. Iida, J. Hänisch, R. Hühne, F. Kruth, M. Kidszun, S. Haindl, J. Werner, L. Schultz and B.
Holzapfel, Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 192501 (2009).
[2] M. Kidszun, S. Haindl, E. Reich, J. Hänisch, K. Iida, L. Schultz and B. Holzapfel, Supercond. Sci.
and Techn., in print.
S-O-045

Magnetic and transport properties of FeAs and RhAs

KH. A. ZIQ and A. F. SALEM

Department of Physics, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals


Dhahra, 31261, SAUDI ARABIA
kaziq@kfupm.edu.sa

Magnetic and transport measurements have been performed on FeAs and RhAs samples
prepared in a sealed quartz tube. Magnetic measurements on FeAs sample revealed a transition to
ferromagnetic state below 80K, while the RhAs sample reveals paramagnetic behavior down to 4.2K.
Arrot-Kouvel plots were used to reveal the presence of spontaneous magnetization in FeAs sample.
The resistivety of RhAs drops to a minimum at about 245 K, then rises suddenly to a maximum at
215K, revealing sharp metal-insulating-like transition with a mid point at 230K. The resistivity shows
another drop at low temperature with a broad minimum 125K. Within this temperature range~150-200
K, the parent superconducting materials RO1-xFxFeAs (R = rare earth) undergo structural distortion,
from tetragonal (P4/nmm) to orthorhombic at low temperatures.
S-O-046

Optical Investigation of the Charge Dynamics in Ba(CoxFe1-x)2As2

F. PFUNER1, A. LUCARELLI1, J.G. ANALYTIS2, J.-H. CHU2, I.R. FISHER2 and L. DEGIORGI1
1
Laboratorium für Festkörperphysik, ETH - Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, SWITZERLAND
2
Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University,
Stanford, California 94305-4045, U.S.A.

We report on a thorough optical investigation of Co-doped BaFe2As2 over a broad spectral


range (from the far infrared up to the ultra-violet) and as a function of temperature. We focus first our
attention on the spin-density-wave (SDW) phase transition at TSDW=135 K for the undoped compound
[1]. While the title compounds remain metallic at all temperatures, we observe a depletion below
TSDW in the far infrared energy interval of the optical conductivity for the x=0 material (Fig. 1),
ascribed to the formation of a pseudogap-like feature in the excitation spectrum. This is accompanied
by the narrowing of the Drude term consistent with the dc transport results and is suggestive of a
suppression of scattering channels in the SDW state. About 20% of the spectral weight in the far
infrared energy interval is affected by the SDW phase transition. Second, we will present novel
optical data on Ba(CoxFe1-x)2As2 collected for various Co-doping in the energy intervals of relevance
for the pseudogap excitation as well as the superconducting gap. We will address their evolution when
mapping the phase diagram of Ba(CoxFe1-x)2As2 and discuss the optical fingerprints due to the
interplay between structural/magnetic and superconducting phase transitions.

Figure 1. Real part 1() of the optical conductivity as a function of temperature in the far infrared
spectral range for the x=0 compound.

[1] F. Pfuner et al., Eur. Phys. J. B67, 513 (2009).


S-O-047

Anisotropy and vortex matter of LaFeAs(O,F)

M. KIDSZUN, S. HAINDL, J. HÄNISCH, A. KAUFFMANN, L. SCHULTZ and


B. HOLZAPFEL

IFW Dresden, Institute for Metallic Materials, PO - Box 270116, D-01171 Dresden, GERMANY
M.Kidszun@ifw-dresden.de

The successful growth of epitaxial LaFeAs(O,F) thin films opens the way to study intrinsic
properties of this novel superconductors. Exploring the magnetic phase diagram up to 42 T we were
able to investigate the temperature dependence and anisotropy of the upper critical field as well as the
irreversibility field in this iron oxypinictide. The anisotropy of the irreversibility field was determined
using a combination of resistive measurements in high magnetic fields and critical current density
measurements. A substantial report about the anisotropy and the vortex matter will be given in this
contribution.
S-O-048

Multigap superconductivity evidenced by the point contact Andreev Reflection Spectroscopy.


The cases of magnesium diboride and iron pnictides

P. SAMUELY1, P. SZABÓ1, Z. PRIBULOVÁ1, J. KAŢMARŢÍK1, S.L. BUD‘KO2, P.C. CANFIELD2


and J. MARCUS3
1
Centre of Ultra Low Temperature Physics at the Institute of Experimental Physics of the Slovak Academy of Sciences and
P.J. Šafárik University, Watsonova 47, 04001 Košice, SLOVAKIA
2
Ames Laboratory and Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50111, U.S.A.
3
Institut Néel, CNRS, BP 166, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, FRANCE
samuely@saske.sk

The point contact Andreev reflection spectroscopy experiments brought one of the first direct
evidences of the two band/two gap superconductivity in magnesium diboride [1]. Moreover the point
contact measurements on MgB2 in magnetic fields have shown that the two bands contribute
differently at different parts of the Magnetic field versus Temperature phase diagramme. Indeed,
unusual temperature [2] and magnetic field dependence [3] of the superconducting anisotropy has been
found as one of the peculiar characteristics of a two band/two gap system.
Our recent point contact measurements performed on the iron pnictides also show a presence of
multigap superconductivity underlying the multiband character of this new class of the high
temperature superconductors. On the hole doped Ba1-xKxFe2As2 single crystals two s-wave gaps are
found where the smaller gap has a size below the BCS value while the large gap reveals much higher
coupling strength [4]. In the optimally electron doped Ba(Fe1-xCox)2As2 our measurements indicate
that if there are two gaps present they are very close to each other both having a strong coupling 2
Tc between 5 and 6 [5]. We will present new results focused on a role of doping on the
superconducting energy gaps in these systems.

[1] P. Szabó, P. Samuely, J. Kaţmarţík, T. Klein, J. Marcus, D. Fruchart, S. Miraglia, C. Marcenat,


A.G.M. Jansen, Phys. Rev. Lett. 87, 137005 (2001).
[2] S.L. Bud‘ko and P.C. Canfield, Phys. Rev. B 65, 212501 (2002); L. Lyard et al., Phys. Rev. B 66,
180502 (R) (2002).
[3] L. Lyard et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 057001 (2004).
[4] P. Szabó, Z. Pribulová, G. Pristáš, S. L. Bud‘ko, P. C. Canfield, and P. Samuely, Phys. Rev. B 79,
012503 (2009).
[5] P. Samuely, Z. Pribulová, P. Szabó, G. Pristáš, S.L. Bud‘ko, P.C. Canfield, in Superconductivity
of Iron Pnictides, eds. Alexei Koshelev, Wai Kwok, Igor Mazin, Ulrich Welp, Hai-Hu Wen, Special
issue of Physica C 469, 507 (2009).
S-O-049

Lattice dynamics of 122 pnictides from first principles

ROLF HEID and KLAUS-PETER BOHNEN

Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Solid-State Physics, 76021 Karlsruhe, GERMANY
rolf.heid@kit.edu

The pnictide superconductors exhibit a complex interplay of structural and magnetic degrees of
freedom, which also has a significant impact on the lattice dynamics properties. Here, we present a
first-principles study of the phonon dispersion of 122 pnictides using density-functional based linear-
response theory within a mixed-basis pseudopotential approach. We focus in particular on the
dependence of the phonon spectra on structural parameters and magnetic order, and also consider the
impact of pressure and doping. The accuracy and potential shortcoming of this first-principles
approach are discussed by detailed comparison with experimental phonon measurements on CaFe2As2
(both at ambient pressure and in the collapsed phase [1,2]) and on BaFe2As2 (both pure and doped [3]).

[1] Mittal et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 217001 (2009).


[2] Mittal et al., arXiv0911.1665 (2009).
[3] Reznik et al., arXiv0908.4359 (2009).
S-O-050

High-Tc and quasi-local lattice modes in Iron Pnictides

SARITA KHANDKA1 and K. P. SINHA2


1
Uttarakhand Council of Science & Tech., Dehradun, 248006 INDIA
2
Dept. of Physics, Indian Institue of Science, Bangalore, 560012 INDIA
1
saritakh@rediffmail.com & 2 kpsinha@gmail.com

A new mechanism involving transition between nearly degenerate levels of iron pnictides [1], a
new class of high Tc superconductors, is suggested. This mechanism along with phonon mediated
pairing is considered in the present model and an expression of Tc is obtained. This combined
mechanism is able to give the right order of Tc in this class of superconductors. Earlier also, local
structural excitations were considered which provide strong coupling for the pair formation [2-3], but
we have considered the quasi-local lattice modes arising from the transition of electrons between two
nearly degenerate levels which comes into play only after distortion and is relevant to the iron
pnictides.
The Hamiltonian for the system of conduction electrons interacting with phonons and quasi –
local lattice field modes can be written as-

k kk  m kq

H=   k ak ak - V  ak ak  a k  ak  +   m cm cm + Vd  ak q ak cm1cm 2  h.c (1) 
Here ak  ak  and Cm  Cm  are the creation (annhilation) operators of conduction and
localized electrons respectively. The first term in eq. (1) is the energy of free charge carriers within the
FeAs layers , the second term is the BCS type attractive interaction due to phonons and the third term
is the energy of localized electrons. The last term represents the new interaction.Tc for the combined
mechanism (ie. Phonons and quasi-local lattice modes) comes out to be
 1   ph   ph l
Tc=1.14  ph
rp
lrl exp    , Where rp  and rl 
    ph  l  ph  l
 ph l 
Table 1 gives the value of Tc for different values of l for iron pnictides . Following values of
the parameters are used during the calculations ph = 0.25, l = 0.75,ph = 317K. The calculated values
of Tc gives the correct order found in pnictides. Further, calculation of magnetic moment associated
with iron, based on this model will give further understanding. This will be attempted somewhere else.
Table 1.
l (k) 40 50 60 80 100 120 130
Tc(k) 22 26 30 37 44 50 53

Acknowledgment: One of the authors (SK), acknowledges IASc-INSA-NASI fellowship to carry out
the present work at IISc., Bangalore.

[1] Y. Kamihara, T. Watanabe, M. Hirano and H. Hosono, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 130 3296 (2008).
[2] K. P. Sinha (2009) arXiv: 0903.1181
[3] G. M. Vujicic, V. L. Aksenov, N. M. Plakida and S Stamenkovic, J. Phys. C: solid state phys. 14
2377 (1981).
S-O-051

Magnetic phase diagram of iron pnictide thin films

S. HAINDL, M. KIDSZUN, F. KURTH, K. IIDA, A. KAUFFMANN, N. KOZLOVA,


J. FREUDENBERGER, J. HÄNISCH, K. NENKOV, L. SCHULTZ and B. HOLZAPFEL

IFW Dresden, Institute for Metallic Materials, PO - Box 270116, D-01171 Dresden, GERMANY
S.Haindl@ifw-dresden.de

The new iron pnictide superconductors with transition temperatures up to 55 K and high upper
critical fields are found to be candidates for multiband superconductivity as it has been suggested by
theory and experiment. A serious investigation, however, is restricted to single crystals and epitaxial
thin films. Latter offer a defined current path (two-dimensionality) and a higher voltage resolution in
transport measurements.
Epitaxial LaFeAsO1-xFx and Co-doped BaFe2As2 thin films have been successfully grown by
pulsed laser deposition (PLD). We have performed transport measurements in static fields up to 14 T
and pulsed fields up to 42 T for different crystallographic directions. The upper critical field and its
temperature dependent anisotropy are discussed in terms of a two gap superconductivity scenario. In
addition, the vortex matter has been studied using a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM).
S-O-052

Quasiparticle relaxation dynamics in undoped and near-optimally doped SmFeAsO1-xFx single


crystals

T. MERTELJ1, V.V. KABANOV1, L. STOJŢEVSKA, N.D. ZHIGADLO2, S. KATRYCH2,


J. KARPINSKI2 and D. MIHAILOVIC1
1
Complex Matter Dept., Jozef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, Ljubljana, SI-1000, Ljubljana, SLOVENIA
2
Laboratory for Solid State Physics, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, SWITZERLAND
tomaz.mertelj@ijs.si

We use femtosecond spectroscopy to investigate the quasiparticle relaxation and low-energy


electronic structure in undoped and near-optimally doped SmFeAsO1-xFx iron-pnictide superconductor
single crystals (SC).
In the undoped SC a single relaxation process with a divergent relaxation time at the spin density
wave (SDW) transition is observed. From the relaxation time at the room temperature the second
moment of the Eliashaberg function is determined to be    2 = 135  10 meV2. Below TSDW the
temperature dependence of the relaxation indicates appearance of a bottleneck due to opening of a
SDW gap with a BCS-like temperature dependence and the amplitude of 2SDW /kBTSDW = 5 at 4.2 K.
In the superconducting SC multiple relaxation processes are present, [1,2] with distinct
superconducting state quasiparticle (QP) recombination dynamics exhibiting a T-dependent
superconducting (SC) gap consistent with 2/kBTc = 3.5 , and a pseudogap (PG)-like feature with an
onset above 180K consistent with the existence of a temperature-independent gap of magnitude 2ΔPG =
120 meV. At high pump fluence a complete destruction of the superconducting state is observed with
the critical optical excitation density U p /kB  1.8 K/Fe which is similar to the value observed in
(La,Sr)CuO4.[3]

Figure 1 Temperature dependence of the optical reflectivity transients ΔR/R in undoped (a) and
near optimally doped (b) SmFeAsO1-xFx single crystals

[1] T. Mertelj, V. Kabanov, C. Gadermaier, N. Zhigadlo, S. Katrych, J. Karpinski, and D. Mihailovic,


Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 117002 (2009).
[2] T. Mertelj, V. Kabanov, C. Gadermaier, N. Zhigadlo, S. Katrych, Z. Bukowski, J. Karpinski, and
D. Mihailovic, Journal of Superconductivity and Novel Magnetism 22, 575 (2009).
[3] P. Kusar, V. Kabanov, J. Demsar, T. Mertelj, S. Sugai and D. Mihailovic, Physical Review Letters
101, 227001, (2008).
S-O-054

A comparative study of Fe1+Te1-xSex single crystals


grown by Bridgman and self flux techniques

Y. LIU and C. T. LIN

Max-Planck-Institut für Festkörperforschung, Heisenbergstraße 1, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany

Single crystals of Fe1+Te1-xSex ( 0  x  0.50 ) were grown by Bridgman and self flux techniques,
respectively. Large crystals of size 10  50 mm could be obtained with Bridgman method. The excess
of iron,  ~ 0.07 , at interstitial sites was observed to deteriorate the superconductivity of the samples.
Study of semiconducting and Curie-Weiss-like behavior indicates that an appearance of hump for
FeTe0.60Se0.40 is more pronounced for the self flux growth than Bridgman method. This was observed
by the measurements of the normal state of resistivity and magnetic susceptibility decreasing with
lower temperatures. Furthermore, our results give evidence that the phase with x~0.40 is readily
formed in self flux method despite the use of various ratios of initial mixtures.

PACS numbers: 74.70.Dd, 81.10.-h, 74.25.-q


S-O-055

Growth of epitaxial Ba(Fe1-xCox)2As2 thin films and their superconducting properties

K. IIDA, J. HÄNISCH, R. HÜHNE, T. THERSLEFF, F. KURTH, M. KIDSZUN, S. HAINDL,


L. SCHULTZ and B. HOLZAPFEL

IFW-Dresden, Institute for Metallic Materials (IMW), P.O. Box 27 01 16, 01171 Dresden, GERMANY
k.iida@ifw-dresden.de

High-quality, epitaxial thin films have been a mandatory requirement for both investigating
their intrinsic properties and exploring possible device applications. On such demand, epitaxial Ba(Fe1-
xCox)As2 thin films have been successfully deposited on various substrates, such as SrTiO 3 (STO),
(La,Sr)(Ta,Al)O3 (LSAT), and LaAlO3 (LAO) by pulsed laser deposition.[1] The key to epitaxial
growth was to optimise and control the substrate temperature precisely during deposition. A thin
epitaxial Fe layer of ~2 nm thickness was observed between the Ba(Fe1-xCox)2As2 thin film and LSAT
substrate. Despite the presence of such an Fe layer, the Ba(Fe1-xCox)2As2 thin film grows epitaxially
with the relation (001)[100]Ba(Fe1-xCox)2As2 || (001)[110]Fe || (001)[100]LSAT. Detailed studies on
microstructures and superconducting properties on other substrates will be discussed in this
contribution.

[1] K. Iida, J. Hänisch, R. Hühne, F. Kruth, M. Kidszun, S. Haindl, J. Werner, L. Schultz and B.
Holzapfel, Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 192501 (2009).
S-O-056

Critical currents enhancement due to the peak effect in REFeAsO1-xFx (RE = Sm, Nd)
single crystals

K. ROGACKI1,2, B. BATLOGG1, N. D. ZHIGADLO1, S. KATRYCH1 and J. KARPINSKI1


1
Laboratory for Solid State Physics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, SWITZERLAND
2
Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research, Polish Academy of Sciences,
P.O. Box 1410, 50-950 Wroclaw, POLAND

In addition to presenting intriguing physics, the FeAs based superconductors revive our hopes
for large scale applications due to their high upper critical fields and relatively low anisotropy. An
important question arises if the pinning properties of these compounds are sufficient to provide high
critical currents at elevated temperatures.
In this work the superconducting critical currents jc > 106 A/cm2 have been measured
magnetically for the SmFeAsO1-xFx (Sm111) single crystals in the ab-plane at temperatures T ~ 5 K
and magnetic fields B ~ 7 T. Results for Sm111 single crystals with two different F substitution levels
and thus superconducting transition temperatures Tc  46 and 51 K are reported, together with results
for a Nd111 single crystal (Tc  47 K) for comparison. The highest jc has been observed for the Sm111
crystal with Tc  46 K, which shows slightly lower Bc2(T) if compare to the Sm111 crystals with higher
Tc and to the Nd111 crystal.
Clear evidence for an increase of the pinning force Fp with increasing field has been observed
as a pronounced peak in jc(B). The pinning force has been analyzed by a scaling procedure using
Kramer´s approach. For a wide range of fields and temperatures, all Fp(B) results can be expressed as a
single function of a reduced field bk = B/Bk, where Bk has been related to the irre-versibility field or the
filed where a maximum of Fp(B) appears. For temperatures higher than 7 K, the peak in jc(B) occurs in
a magnetic field Bpeak available in our experiments. Extrapolating the measured peak field to lower
temperatures, where it exceeds the range accessible in our measurements, we estimate Bpeak  10 T at 2
K. This large value, together with the measured critical currents, is indeed promising for applications.
S-O-057

Phase Co-existence in superconducting chalcogenide single crystals

S. ELIZABETH1, D. CHERIAN1, S. HARIKRISHNAN1, S. ROESSLER2, H.L. BHAT1,


F. STEGLICH2, S. WIRTH2 and L. H. TJENG2
1
Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, INDIA
2
Max Planck Institute for ChemicalPhysics of Solids, Nothnitzer Strasse40, 01187 Dresden, GERMANY
liz@physics.iisc.ernet.in

The discovery of superconductivity in iron based pnictides has triggered intense search for
new superconductors of similar crystal structure. Several new superconducting phases have been
found, a recent one being tetragonal FeSe0.82 with a Tc ~ 8 K [1]. Differently doped single
crystals (Fe1+yTe1-x Sex) with three different Fe concentrations (y = 0.26, 0.15, 0.12 and x =0.32, 0.34,
0.36 respectively) have been grown in our laboratory by horizontal Bridgman method. Structural,
magnetic and transport properties of these crystals are investigated and results are discussed.
Rietveld refinement of XRD data confirmed the tetragonal structure for all three compositions
with a small change in lattice parameters. The influence of Fe excess on the electrical transport
properties of these crystals is discernible from the temperature variation of the resistivity, as measured
by the four probe method. All three samples exhibit sharp superconducting transitions with critical
temperatures Tc (onset) ~ 15K. However, the temperature dependence of the resistivity in the normal
state changes from metallic to semiconducting behavior with increasing Fe concentration. DC
magnetization studies indicate that the superconducting volume fraction is about 60%. Linear and
non-linear responses of the ac-susceptibility of these samples suggest that the superconducting state
remains inhomogeneous. It is reported that a magnetically ordered state co-exists with
superconductivity [2]. Our results on these three compositions are suggestive of a phase co-existence, a
possible origin of this being due to a magnetic coupling between the interstitial Fe in the chalcogen
planes with those in the Fe-square lattice. It is inferred that excess Fe occupying interstitial sites in the
chalcogen planes suppresses superconductivity.

[1] F. C. Hsu, J.Y. Luo, K. W. Yeh, T. K. Chen, T.W. Huang, P. M. Wu, Y. C. Lee, Y.L. Huang,
Y.Y. Chu, D.C. Yan and M.K. Wu, PNAS 105, 14262 (2008).
[2] R. Khasanov, M. Bendele, A. Amato, P. Babkevich, A. Boothroyd, A. Cervellino, K. Conder, S.N.
Gvasaliya, H. Keller, H.H. Klauss, H. Luetkens, V. Pomjakushin, E. Pomjakushina and B. Roessli,
eprint. arXiv:0907.3429 (2009).
S-O-058

Global and granular critical currents of LaO0.9F0.1FeAs and LaO0.9F0.1FeAs1-δ

V. GRINENKO, K. NENKOV, G. BEHR, A. KÖHLER, G. FUCHS and B. HOLZAPFEL

Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research Dresden, P.O. Box 270116, D-01171 Dresden, GERMANY
v.grinenko@ifw-dresden.de

High magnetic fields measurements have shown that the iron-based superconductors have very
high upper critical fields, [1] what is very important for potential applications. On the other hand, their
layered structure, the rather high anisotropy and short coherence length can lead to small critical
currents in polycrystalline bulk samples which are limited by weak intergranular links. It was observed
that in SmFeAsO0.85 and NdFeAsO0.94F0.06 the ratio between global (intergranular) and local
(intragranular) currents never exceeded ~0.004 [2], whereas in LaO0.89F0.11FeAs the global currents
even were not observed at all [3].
In this work inter- and intra- granular critical currents and irreversibility fields of two
polycrystalline samples LaO0.9F0.1FeAs and LaO0.9F0.1FeAs1-δ have been investigated. Data obtained
from remanent magnetization measurements and from the initial slope of magnetization curves m(H)
show that global currents over the whole sample do exist only in LaO0.9F0.1FeAs. In contrast, only
intragranular currents were observed in LaO0.9F0.1FeAs1-δ from these measurements. Global and
intragranular currents in LaO0.9F0.1FeAs have different temperature dependence and the ratio between
these currents is about 1000. The field and temperature dependence of global currents obtained from
magnetization measurements show that intergranular links in LaO0.9F0.1FeAs are dominated by
Josephson junctions of the SNS type. Intragranular currents for the two samples have a different
temperature and field dependence, but nearly the same magnitude of about 106A/cm2 at T=5K and
B=0T. It is supposed that the absence of Josephson currents in LaO0.9F0.1FeAs1-δ is related to a
admixture of (<0.1 volume %) FM iron nano-particles within this sample. These particles have local
moments which dump Josephson currents. Transport current measurements of LaO0.9F0.1FeAs1-δ show
in contrast to magnetization measurements that global currents over the whole sample do exist, but
with a very low magnitude of about 12A/cm2 at self field.
The irreversibility field Hirr for the two samples was determined from magnetization
measurements. Nearly linear temperature dependence was found for Hirr (T) for both samples, but the
irreversibility line is significantly steeper for LaO0.9F0.1FeAs1-δ than for LaO0.9F0.1FeAs.
The DC magnetic susceptibility of two samples was investigated in the normal state up to
300K. The temperature dependence of susceptibility for LaO0.9F0.1FeAs is very weak and shows a
behavior which was described in Ref. [4] wile the temperature dependence of susceptibility of
LaO0.9F0.1FeAs1-δ is completely different. The high field susceptibility of LaO0.9F0.1FeAs1-δ (higher
than the saturation field of iron) is paramagnetic and consists of a Curie like temperature-dependent
part and a Pauli paramagnetic susceptibility which is independent of temperature in the measured
temperature range. This Pauli susceptibility might be responsible for the high-field Pauli limiting
behavior of the upper critical field Hc2 observed in this superconductor [1].

[1] G. Fuchs, S.-L. Drechsler, N. Kozlova et al, Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, 237003 (2008).
[2] A. Yamamoto, A. A. Polyanskii, J. Jiang et al, Supercond. Sci. Technol. 21, 095008 (2008).
[3] A. Yamamoto, J. Jiang, C. Tarantini et al, Appl. Phys. Lett 92, 252501 (2008).
[4] R. Klingeler, N. Leps, I. Hellmann et al, Preprint at http://arxiv.org/abs/0808.0708v1.
S-O-059

Electron-boson coupling constant of oxygen-deficient Y0.7Ca0.3Ba2Cu3O7-δ measured by ultrafast


spectroscopy

C.W. LUO1, J.-Y. CHEN1, T.C. HUANG1, K.H. WU1, J.-Y. LIN2, J.Y. JUANG1 and T.M. UEN1
1
Department of Electrophysics, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, R.O.C.
2
Institute of Physics, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, R.O.C.
cwluo@mail.nctu.edu.tw

The ultrafast dynamics in a single (001) oxygen-deficient Y0.7Ca0.3Ba2Cu3O7-δ thin film were
measured by using the ultrafast spectroscopy. According to the two-temperature model [1], the
electron-boson coupling constant λ could be directly obtained from the relaxation time of the transient
reflectivity change (ΔR/R). For the overdoped case with Tc = 61.3 K (i.e. in a oxygen-full
Y0.7Ca0.3Ba2Cu3O7-δ thin film), the relaxation time of ΔR/R is around 6.24 ps and corresponds to the
λ~0.03. However, the λ become larger ~0.15 in the optimal doped region with Tc = 82.3 K (i.e. in a
oxygen-deficient Y0.7Ca0.3Ba2Cu3O7-δ thin film) while the relaxation time of ΔR/R shrinks to ~1.51 ps.
These results indicate that the electron-boson coupling constant λ is strongly hole doping-dependent,
which may govern the Tc of cuprates.

[1] S. D. Broson, A. Kazeroonian, J. S. Moodera, D. W. Face, T. K. Cheng, E. P. Ippen, M. S.


Dresselhaus and G. Dresselhaus, Phys. Rev. Lett. 64, 2172 (1990).
S-O-060

A study of the thallium-, and bismuth-based high-temperature superconductors


in the framework of the generalized BCS equations

G.P. MALIK1,# and USHA MALIK2


1
Theory Group, School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University
New Delhi 110067, INDIA
2
Physics Department, Miranda House, University of Delhi
Delhi 110007, INDIA
gulshanpmalik@yahoo.com; malik@mail.jnu.ac.in

We present here - in the framework of the generalized1 BCS equations (GBCSEs), which are
based on multiple phonon exchange mechanisms for the formation of Cooper pairs (CPs) – a study of
the principal members of the Tl-, and Bi- based high-Tc superconductors (HTSCs). For any of these
SCs, we show that with the inputs of its Debye temperature and any two superconducting parameters
from the set {critical temperature, the smaller gap, the larger gap}, one can calculate the remaining
parameter without any arbitrariness. This is similar to what normal BCS equations achieve for a simple
SC: given its Tc (and the Debye temperature), one can calculate its gap, and vice versa. Further, we
show that these equations enable one to derive upper bounds on the gap and the Tc values of a HTSC,
beyond which one must employ 2/3-phonon mechanism for the formation of CPs. A new and rather
interesting insight that we are led to is: the senior members of the said families of cuprates may well be
three-gap SCs. Since the approach followed here has already been employed2 to deal with such
superconductors as MgB2, Nb3Sn and YBCO, it follows that, as of this day, GBCSEs constitute the
only viable framework that can deal in a unified manner with all HTSCs.

[1] G.P. Malik, On the equivalence of the binding energy of a Cooper pair and the BCS energy gap: a
framework for dealing with composite superconductors, IJMPB (in press).
[2] G.P. Malik, Generalized BCS equations: Applications, Accepted for publication in IJMPB.

# Present address: B-208 Sushant Lok I, Gurgaon 122002, INDIA.


S-O-061

Phonon softening of bond stretching mode in Ba1-xKxBiO3 superconductor

H. KHOSROABADI1,2, J. KOBAYASHI1, K. TANAKA1, S. MIYASAKA1, S. TAJIMA1


H. UCHIYAMA3 and A.Q.R. BARON3
1
Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyamacho, Toyonaka, 560-0043 JAPAN
2
Department of Physics, Sharif University of Technology, 11365-9161, Tehran, IRAN
3
RIKEN/SPring-8, JASRI/SPring-8 Mikazuki, Hyogo, 679-5148, JAPAN
hkhosroa@tagen.tohoku.ac.jp

Recently, anomalous softening of some phonon mode has been intensively studied in relation
to superconductivity for high temperature cuprtae superconductors [1] and MgB2 [2]. The strong
softening of zone center E2g mode in MgB2 is the distinct evidence for the phonon mediated
superconductivity in this system. However, the relation between superconductivity and the softening
of bond stretching mode in the cuprtae superconductors is not clear yet. Similar phenonema have also
been observed in Ba1-xKxBiO3 (x=0.4) system [3] where the phonon plays an important role in
insulator and superconducting properties. A precise doping dependence of the phonon softening in this
system should give an insight to the mechanism of metal-insulator transition and superconductivity in
this system. It is expected to help the understanding of a simmilar phenomenon in the cuprates.
In this study inelastic x-ray scattering was applied to study the softening in Ba1-xKxBiO3
system near metal to insulator transition at room temperature. Single crystals of Ba1-xKxBiO3 for
0<x<0.6, from insulator to metallic (superconducting) region, have been grown by electrochemical
method. The momentum dependence of the phonon modes has been investigated for various x value.
The phonon dispersions for low energy phonons are almost consistent with the published neutron
data[3]. However, anomalous phonon softening has been observed for the high energy modes only
when the system is a metal (superconductor). This is a sign for the correlation between the phonon
softening and metal-insulator transition (and perhaps superconductivity) in this system.

[1] D. Reznik et al., Nature (London) 440, 1170 (2006).


[2] A.Q.R. Baron et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 197004 (2004).
[3] M. Braden et al., J. Supercond. 8, 595 (1995).
S-O-062

Why do similar superconductors have different phase diagrams?

E. AMIT and A. KEREN

Physics Department, Technion- Israel Institute of Technionlegy, Haifa 32000, ISRAEL


erana@physics.technion.ac.il

There are several critical doping levels in the phase diagram of the cuprates where the ground
state changes its nature. These are the levels where: antiferromangetisem is destroyed and replaced by
a spin glass state, where superconductivity emerges, where the spin glass is destroyed, and, finally,
where superconductivity is destroyed. These levels are not universal and the physical parameter that
determines them is not clear. In this work we address this problem by studying the density of oxygen
Pζ holes in the CuO2 planes of the high temperature superconductor (CaxLa1-x)(Ba1.75-xLa0.25+x)Cu3Oy
(CLBLCO) using the oxygen 17 nuclear quadrupole resonance parameter νQ. The two compounds we
compare are of x=0.1 and 0.4 since they have a significant difference in the critical doping levels. We
find that the efficiency of hole injection into the Pζ orbital in the CuO2 planes is x dependent. In fact,
the phase diagram is universal when using the Pζ hole density rather than the total oxygen level. This
allows us to generate a unified phase diagram across the entire doping range, with no adjustable
parameters, for the CLBLCO system even though the maximum Tc varies by 30%.
S-O-064

High energy milled ex situ MgB2 precursors for powder in tube conductors

A. KARIO1, W. HÄßLER1, M. HERRMANN1, C. RODIG1, M. SCHUBERT1, B. HOLZAPFEL1,


L. SCHULTZ1, S. SCHLACHTER2, B. RINGSDORF2 and W. GOLDACKER2
1
Institute for Metallic Materials, IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstrasse 20, D-01069 Dresden, GERMANY
2
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institut für Technische Physik, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, D-76344 Eggenstein-
Leopoldshafen, GERMANY

MgB2 is a promising material for superconducting magnet application, but therefore long
length conductors are needed. A lot of effort has already been made to increase the critical current
density (Jc) in tapes and wires, but only in the laboratory scale. Now additional effort must be made to
make long length conductors with higher critical current. The main problem in obtaining long tapes
and wires is the deformation, which is complicated for powder in tube (PIT) technique with fine
grained in situ powder.
In these paper two different routes of preparation for the ex situ precursor powders will be
discussed: high energy milled commercial Alfa Aesar powder and so called in-ex situ powder. This
second method consists of home made ex situ powder from mechanically alloyed magnesium and
boron - mixture followed by a heat treatment at 700°C/30 min in argon atmosphere. Monofilament
wires and tapes of 2 m length were prepared with those powders by PIT technique using Monel sheath
material with niobium or titanium chemical barrier. Microstructural and superconducting properties for
green conductors as well as sintered ones were measured.
X-ray examination and Rietveld analysis show, that the amount of secondary phases as MgO
and MgB4+x is increasing with increasing time and temperature of sintering. Conductors with both
precursor powders showed good deformation behavior and a dense microstructure. J c measurements
were performed in liquid helium in both parallel and perpendicular field. For the tape with commercial
milled powder, sintered at 900°C/1 h, critical current density of
4 2 4 2
10 A/cm was obtained at 8.3 T. In green wire with in-ex situ powder Jc=10 A/cm at 7 T was
measured.
S-O-065

Analysis of current noise produced in stationary conditions in MgB2 films at different stages of
the superconducting transition

E. MONTICONE1, C. PORTESI1, E. TARALLI, M. RAJTERI, V. ANDREOLI2, C. GANDINI3 and


A. MASOERO3
1
Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica (INRIM), Strada delle Cacce 91, 10135 Torino, ITALY
2
Politecnico di Torino, Dipartimento di Fisica, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, ITALY
3
Università del Piemonte Orientale 'Amedeo Avogadro', Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Avanzate-Centro
Interdisciplinare Nano-SISTEMI, Viale Michel 11, 15121 Alessandria, ITALY
e.monticone@inrim.it

In previous papers [1,2] the mechanism of transition from the superconductive to the resistive
state of MgB2 films has been investigated by the analysis of the non-stationary noise produced during
the transition process. The model, developed to interpret the experimental results, suggested that, when
the transition occurs very near to the critical temperature at low bias current, a mixed state consisting
of normal and superconductive domains takes place. This model complements a different one,
appropriate when the transition occurs at strong bias currents and temperatures much lower than the
critical one. In this case the transition occurs by depinning and motion of fluxoids, generated by the
current and/or by an external field. The purpose of this paper is a further investigation of the transition
process at low bias currents by detecting and analysing the 1/f power spectra of the noise, taken in
stationary conditions at different values of the specimen resistance along the R vs.T transition curve.
Preliminary measurements, show that these spectra, when renormalized, are practically coincident, a
fact that is in agreement with the above cited model.

[1] P. Mazzetti, C. Gandini, A. Masoero, M. Rajteri and C. Portesi, Phys. Rev. B 77, 064516 (2008).
[2] L. Ponta, A. Carbone, M. Gilli and P. Mazzetti, Phys. Rev. B 79, 134513 (2009).
S-O-066

Structural transition and superconductiviy of Mg1-xAlxB2: Compared with high pressure effect

F.L. TANG1,2, W.J. LU2 and Z.Y. MA2


1
State Key Lab. of Gansu Advanced Non-ferrous Metal Materials, Lanzhou Uni. of Tech.,Lanzhou 730050 CHINA
2
Key Lab. of Non-ferrous Metal Alloys and Processing of Ministry of Education,Department of Materials Science and
Engineering, Lanzhou Uni. of Tech.,Lanzhou 730050 CHINA
tfl03@mails.tsinghua.edu.cn

Al-doping effect in MgB2 was investigated by lattice statistics and lattice dynamics with newly
fitted AlB2 and previously fitted MgB2 classical potentials. Our simulated lattice parameters c, a (Fig.
1), volume (Fig. 2), and c/a ratio (inset of Fig. 3) agree well with experimental data [1-3] of Mg1-
xAlxB2.

3.5
c 29.0
40
This work N=0.46 G=2.55
This work N=0.46 G=3.59
35
Ref. [3]
Lattice parameters (A)

3.4 This work 28.5


Ref. [1] Ref. [4]
Lattice volume (A )

30
3

Ref. [2] Ref. [5]


Ref. [3] 28.0
25
Ref. [2]

Tc
1.14
3.3 Ref. [3]
3.10 1.13
27.5 20

c/a
1.12
Ref. [1]

3.05
a Ref. [2]
15
1.11
Ref. [1]
27.0
Ref. [3] 1.10 This work
This work 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4
10 Al doping density x
0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4
Al-doping density x 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4
Al doping density x Al doping density x

Figure 1. Lattice parameters a and Figure 2. Lattice volume. Figure 3. Critical temperature Tc.
c.

With simulated lattice structure, the superconductivity critical temperature Tc of Mg1-xAlxB2


was calculated with McMillan expression: the lattice stiffening dominants the behavior of Tc upon Al-
doping, just like that under high pressure. The calculated Tc (Fig. 3) agrees well with experimental
results [3-5] when Grüeisen parameter γG = 3.59 (2.25 for high pressure effect). Additionally
considering the difference of c/a-Tc relation (not shown here), we suggest that lattice transiton effect
on Mg1-xAlxB2 introduced by doping is different from that by high pressure.

Total DOS
Mg contribution
x=0
B contribution
x = 1/16 Al contribution
x = 1/4 x = 1/4
1.72 1.74 1.76 1.78
RDF (B-B)

200 400 600 800 1000 1200

x = 1/8
Phonon DOS

2.60 2.62 2.64 2.66 2.68 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200

x=0
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200
r (A) Frequence (cm )
-1

Figure 4. RDF of B-B bood lengths. Figure 5. Phonon density of states (DOS) of Mg1-xAlxB2
A critical factor to Tc is E2g phonon vibration mode (Fig. 4: the high friquency part). Only
containing B contribution, E2g splits itself and its frequency increases as x increases. Changes in E2g
phonon mode has a close relation to B-B bond lengths [its radial distribution function (RDF) is shown
in Fig. 5].

[1] M. Mudgel, V.P.S. Awana, H. Kishan and G.L. Bhalla, Physica C, 467, 31 (2007).
[2] J.S. Slusky et.al., Nature 410, 186 (2001).
[3] J.Y. Xiang, Phys. Rev. B. 65, 214536 (2002).
[4] M. Mudgel et al., J. Phys. Cond. Matt. 20, 095206 (2008).
[5] J. Karpinski et al., Physica C, 408, 81 (2004).
S-O-067

Fluctuational specific heat jump of two-band superconductors: Applications to MgB2

I.N.ASKERZADE 1,2
1
Department of Computer Engineering, Ankara University, Tandoğan 06100, Ankara, TURKEY
2
Institute of Physics Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences,Baku, AZERBAIJAN
iasker@science.ankara.edu.tr & iaskerzade@yahoo.com

The energy spectrum of many superconductors exhibits a complicated character; in particular


there are several overlapping energy bands near the Fermi level. In recent years a generalized e-ph
Eliashberg theory for two-band superconductors was used to study nonmagnetic borocarbides [1] and
magnesium diboride [2]. Up to now Ginzburg-Landau theory remains powerful method in study of
some physical properties of superconductors. Ginzburg-Landau theory was generalized fort he case
two-band superconductors [3,4]. In this study three-dimensional two-band Ginzburg-Landau theory
applied for the calculation fluctuational specific heat jump of two-band superconductors. It is shown
that fluctuational specific heat jump of two-band superconductors is enhanced in comparison with
single band isotropic superconductors. Results in qualitative agreement with theoretical calculations
for MgB2 [5]. Two-band Ginzburg-Landau theory gives nonlinear temperature dependence of
fluctuational specific heat near critical temperature. Similar result observed experimentally in [6].
This work partially supported by CNRS-ANAS (2009) research grant.

[1] S.V. Shulga et al, Phys. Rev. Lett.. 80, 1730 (1998).
[2] S.V.Shulga et al , condmat 0103154 (2001).
[3] I. N. Askerzade, A.Gencer et al , Supercond. Sci. Technol. 15, L13 (2002).
[4] I. N. Askerzade, Physics Uspekhi 49, 1003 (2006).
[5] A.E. Koshelev, A.A. Varlamov, V.M.Vinokur, Phys. Rev. B72 , 064523 (2005).
[6] T. Park, M.B. Salamon et al , Phys. Rev. B66 , 134515 (2002).
S-O-068

Boron isotope effect on the E2g phonon mode in Mg1−xAlxB2 system

L. SIMONELLI1, V. PALMISANO2, M. FILIPPI2, P. PARISIADES3, D. LAMPAKIS3,


E. LIAROKAPIS3, M. FRATINI4, and A. BIANCONI4
1
European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, BP220, F-38043 Grenoble Cedex, FRANCE
2
Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam,
THE NETHERLANDS
3
Department of Physics, National Technical University of Athens (NTUA), Zografou Campus, Athens GR157 80, GREECE
4
Department of Physics, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 2, 00185 Roma, ITALY

The MgB2, with its high Tc around 40 K [1], is a very interesting system in the study of the high
Tc superconductivity due to its simple crystal and electronic structure. The value of the isotope
coefficient, lower respect the one expected from the standard BCS theory [2], up to now was one of the
most important unresolved issues in the physics of MgB2 [3].
Many theoretical works have identified the intraband electron-phonon coupling between the
holes in the ζ band and the E2g mode in MgB2 as the driving mechanism for the highest
superconducting critical temperature Tc (40K) in intermetallics [4].
Here we report the study of the boron isotope effect on the E2g phonon mode by micro-Raman
spectroscopy on the ternary Mg1−xAlxB2 system, synthesized with pure isotopes 10B and 11B, in a wide
range of Al content (0 < x < 0.57) [5].
The crystal structure evolution as a function of doping and isotope substitution has been studied
by high resolution x-ray powder diffraction [6].
We find that the isotope coefficient on the E2g mode frequency is nearly 0.5 in the full range (0
< x < 0.57), decreasing near x = 0.
The intraband electron-phonon coupling, for the electrons in the sigma band, has been extracted
from the E2g line-width and frequency softening. The results suggest a minor role of the intraband
phonon mediated pairing in the control of the high critical temperature in Mg1-xAlxB2.

[1] J. Nagamatzu, N. Nagakawa, T. Muranka, Y. Zenitanim, and J. Akimitzu, Nature 420, 63(2001).
[2] S. L. Bud’ko, G. Lapertot, C. Petrovic, C. E. Cunningham, N. Anderson, and P. C. Canfield, Phys.
Rev. Lett. 86, 1877-1880 (2001); D. G. Hinks, J. D. Jorgensen, Physica C 385, 98–104 (2003).
[3] Matteo Calandra, Michele Lazzeri, Francesco Mauri, Physica C 456, 38 (2007).
[4] Y. Kong, O. V. Dolgov, O. Jepsen, and O. K. Andersen, Phys. Rev. B 64, 020501 (2001).
[5] L. Simonelli, V. Palmisano, M. Fratini, M. Filippi, P. Parisiades, D. Lampakis, E. Liarokapis, A
Bianconi, Phys. Rev. B 80, 014520 (2009).
[6] V. Palmisano, L. Simonelli, A. Puri, M. Fratini, Y. Busby, P. Parisiades, E. Liarokapis, M.
Brunelli, A N Fitch and A. Bianconi, J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 20, 434222 (2008).
S-O-069

Electrophoretic deposition of the MgB2 coils and their superconducting properties

M.B. KADAM1,2 , B.B. SINHA1 and S.H. PAWAR2


1
Superconductivity Lab, Department of Physics, Shivaji University, Kolhapur 416004
Maharashtra, INDIA
2
Department of Technology, D. Y. Patil University, Kolhapur 416006 INDIA
kmahadeo2003@yahoo.co.in

Initially commercially available MgB2 powder is studied for its superconducting properties.
Also attempts have been made to study the oxidation behavior of superconducting MgB2 powder with
and without addition of Mg in the wide range of temperature in air as well as in argon atmosphere.
TGA-DTA studies were used to investigate the oxidation kinetics of these powder samples. The
oxidation activation energy of MgB2 powder is estimated by using the Freeman–Carroll method based
on the Arrhenius relation and it is found to be in the range of 60 -81 KJ mol−1. The effects of addition
of Mg in MgB2 powder and effect of gaseous atmosphere on the stability of superconducting MgB2
powder is studied and reported for the first time in the literature. Electrophoretic deposition of the
commercially available MgB2 powder on stainless steel base from methanol dispersion media and is
also is reported for the first time. Various deposition parameters such as deposition media, quantity of
powder loading, deposition potential and the time of deposition have been optimized. Coils were
subjected to heat treatment in flowing argon ambience and excess magnesium powder. The Coils are
found to be adherent, uniform and no traces of MgO. XRD, SEM and SQUID measurements revealed
the structural, morphological, superconducting properties of the coils.
S-O-070

Mechanically alloyed MgB2: A reasonable precursor for technical low temperature


superconductors

M. HERRMANN1, W. HAESSLER1, C. RODIG1, M. SCHUBERT1, A. KARIO1, K. NENKOV1,


J. SCHEITER1, L. SCHMOLINGA2, A. AUBELE2, B. SAILER2, K. SCHLENGA3, B. HOLZAPFEL1
and L. SCHULTZ1
1
IFW Dresden, Institute for Metallic Materials, 01069 Dresden, GERMANY
2
Bruker HTS GmbH, Development HTS, Alzenau, GERMANY
3 Bruker EAS GmbH, Hanau, GERMANY
m.herrmann@ifw-dresden.de

To face the challenge of introducing MgB2 wires and tapes into low temperature applications, it
is essential to adapt its preparation to the industrial scale. Only a reasonable interplay of both key
parameters, current carrying capability and an appropriate preparation route, will allow for a
widespread use of MgB2 conductors. As shown previously, mechanical alloying is an excellent
technique to adjust the microstructure in the MgB2 precursor [1,2]. The resulting nanocrystalline
particle size is beneficial to obtain high critical current densities in MgB2 conductors. Due to the
milling treatment, the morphology and flowability of the powder is affected. As a consequence the
deformability of the conductor will differ when used in the powder-in-tube approach. To allow for an
easy and reliable production of MgB2 wires on the kilometer scale, it is essential to make use of a
precursor which can be deformed properly within the sophisticated architecture of a conductor as
required for all different aspects of the application.
In this paper, the influence of different milling parameters on the microstructure and the
superconducting properties of MgB2 is discussed. With increasing milling energy, a refined
microstructure and improved homogeneity of the powder and subsequently improved critical current
densities are observed. At the same time the changing flowability of the precursor requires for an
appropriate modification of the wire processing and an adaption of intermediate heat treatment is
necessary. Finally the capability of mechanically alloyed MgB2 as a precursor for long length
superconductor fabrication will be illustrated.

[1] W. Häßler, O. Perner, C. Fischer, K. Nenkov, C. Rodig, M. Schubert, M. Herrmann, L. Schultz, B.


Holzapfel and J. Eckert, Superconductivity Research Horizons (Nova Science Publisher, 2007) p 193
[2] M. Herrmann, W. Häßler, C. Mickel, W. Gruner, B. Holzapfel and L. Schultz, Supercond. Sci.
Technol. 20, 1108 (2007).
S-O-071

Heat capacity of pure and carbon doped MgB2

MONIKA MUDGEL1, 2, ARPITA VAJPAYEE1, 2, RAJVEER JHA1, V. P. S. AWANA1,


H. KISHAN1 and G.L. BHALLA2
1
National Physical Laboratory, Dr K.S. Krishnan Road, New Delhi-110012, INDIA
2
Deptartment of Physics and Astrophysics, University of Delhi, New Delhi-110007, INDIA
mudgelmk@mail.nplindia.ernet.in

The behavior of heat capacity with temperature is studied for MgB2 superconductor under applied
magnetic field of up to 7 Tesla (Fig. 1). The Cp(T) with and without applied magnetic field is being
measured on a Quantum design (Q.D.) Physical property measurement system (PPMS). MgB2 shows a
clear and dominant peak at transition temperature under zero field. With the increment in field value,
both the transition temperature and dominance of this peak decreases. The magnitude of jump in
specific heat at superconducting transition temperature (39 K) is calculated by subtracting the non-
superconducting contribution. The non-superconducting behavior is brought out by applying a
magnetic field of 7 Tesla and thus reducing the Tc below 30 K. The net change (Cp=Cp (0)-Cp
(7Tesla)) at Tc decreases monotonically with increase in carbon content (Fig. 2). It is concluded that
carbon doping not only decreases the Tc but also induces disorder in host MgB2.
S-O-072

Vortex dendritic avalanches induced by microwave pulses in MgB2

P. J. CUADRA-SOLÍS 1, J. M. HERNÁNDEZ1, A. GARCÍA-SANTIAGO1, J. TEJADA1,


J. NOSKOVIC2, A. PIDIK2 and M. GRAJCAR2
1
Grup de Magnetisme, Departament de Física Fonamental, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, 08028,
Barcelona, SPAIN
2
Department of Experimental Physics, Comenius University, Mlynská Dolina, 84248, Bratislava, SLOVAK REPUBLIC
jcuadra@ubxlab.com

The discovery of the superconductivity at 39 K in magnesium diboride (MgB2) [1] has


stimulated a great deal of interest in studying both its fundamental properties and potential application.
One critical issue of thin-film superconducting devices designed for real applications is the
pronounced instabilities in the magnetic flux penetration, which in MgB2 occurs in the form of
dendritic vortex avalanches [2]. It is well accepted that a vortex avalanche with a dendritic shape
develops as a result of a thermomagnetic instability driven by heat generated by moving vortices [3].
Different experimental techniques as dc magnetization [4] and magneto-optical imaging [2], have been
extensively used in order to get qualitative and quantitative information on these patterns.
Here we report the evidence of magnetic flux penetration via dendritic patterns of flux
avalanches obtained by pulsed microwave frequency fields in superconducting MgB2 films. The main
feature consists of abrupt dips in the variation of the output voltage signal of the SQUID magnetometer
used in the experiments as a function of temperature, magnetic field, pulse width and applied nominal
power. The existence of avalanches has also been detected through the formation of noise in low-
temperature magnetic hysteresis loops. Flux shaking provided by the microwave induced currents and
local heating produced by vortex motion are suggested to explain the origin of these phenomena.

[1] J. Nagamatsu, et al., Nature 410, 63 (2001).


[2] T. H. Johansen, et al., Europhys. Lett., 59 599 (2002).
[3] D. V. Danisov, et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 97, 077002 (2006).
[4] Jae-Yeap Lee, et al., J. Appl. Phys. 105, 083904 (2009).
S-O-075

Mechanism for superconducting pairing in layered systems

R. CHAUDHURY
S.N. Bose National Centre For Basic Sciences, Kolkata (Calcutta) , INDIA
ranjan@bose.res.in

The interplay of charge fluctuations and spin fluctuations in the low-dimensional conducting
electron systems is studied theoretically in both strong and weak correlation regimes. In the Fermi-
liquid regime, the static charge and spin response functions can be related in a rather straightforward
manner. More precisely, the longitudinal dielectric function, the spin susceptibility and the
polarizability function for an itinerant system in the usual metallic density limit get connected through
the various perturbative corrections to the total energy, which includes exchange and correlation
contributions as well [1]. For the strongly correlated electronic systems however, such connection is
highly non-trivial, as the intra-site correlation energy plays the most dominant role. Nevertheless, the
spin and charge responses for the strongly correlated systems expressed in terms of the corresponding
stiffness constants, can be linked to each other [2,3].
An attempt is made to unify these different approaches used for the weakly and strongly
correlated systems. Calculational results for the static response functions for these two types of
systems are briefly presented. The consequences of these results are extended to explore possible
cooperation, coexistence and competition between superconductivity, charge ordering or phase
separation and magnetism in layered systems, as a function of various parameters including the carrier
concentration. This study is carried out for both weak correlation and strong correlation regime. Both
long range and short range orderings are considered. This analysis is based upon the determination of
intra-layer effective couplings between the itinerant charge degrees of freedom and the spin degrees of
freedom, which are themselves governed by the various relevant response functions. The emergence of
attractive interaction between the charge degrees of freedom is crucial for the superconducting pairing.
These calculations also exhibit the possibilities of the intra-layer particle-particle pairing arising or
being facilitated by the enhancement of the spin fluctuations and / or the charge fluctuations under
certain conditions for both strongly correlated and weakly correlated systems in general. In addition, a
modeling for the inter-layer pair transfer is introduced to describe the final occurrence of
superconductivity of 3-dimensional character. The theoretical results are discussed in the light of
observations from various novel experimental systems like the transition metal oxypnictides and the
cuprates.

[1] R. Chaudhury, Cond-mat/0901.1438 (2009).


[2] R. Periyasamy and R. Chaudhury, Theoretical Studies of Charge Stiffness Constant for the t-J
Model on Low-dimensional Lattices, Unpublished (2009).
[3] R. Chaudhury, J. Phys. Cond. Mat. 19, 496203 (2007).
S-O-076

Topological hall effect in inhomogeneous pairing states of noncentrosymmetric superconductors

S. FUJIMOTO

Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, JAPAN


fuji@scphys.kyoto-u.ac.jp

For noncentrosymmetric superconductors which lack inversion center in their crystal structures,
various exotic superconducting properties raised by broken inversion symmetry have been investigated
extensively from both theoretical and experimental sides [1]. Here, we propose a novel mechanism of
the Hall effect for quasiparticles which is realizable in inhomogeneous pairing states of
noncentrosymmetric superconductors. It has been discussed by many authors that in
noncentrosymmetric superconductors under applied magnetic fields, inhomogeneous pairing states
called the Helical vortex phase can be stabilized because of antisymmetric spin-orbit interactions
which break parity and induce Cooper pairs with finite center of mass momentum [2]. Such
inhomogeneous states are characterized by spatially-varying order parameters as in the case of the
Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov (FFLO) state which are also attracting much interests in connection
with the recent experimental studies on heavy fermion systems. We demonstrate that in the
inhomogeneous superconducting states, the slowly varying order parameter fields give rise to a
topological Berry phase effect which produces a fictitious ―Lorentz force‖ acting on quasiparticles, and
leads to the Hall effect. This effect is akin to the topological Hall effect theoretically predicted for
magnetic systems with nontrivial spin textures [3,4]. We discuss distinct features of the topologically-
induced Hall effect in inhomogeneous pairing states including experimental implications, which are
remarkably different from conventional properties of the Hall effect due to magnetic fields. Our basic
idea for the topological Hall effect in inhomogeneous superconducting states is not restricted to
noncentrosymmetric superconductors, but is applicable to more general classes of the FFLO states
mentioned above. We would like to furthermore extend our argument to such FFLO states and clarify
the condition for the realization of the topological effect in the inhomogeneous pairing states.

[1] E. Bauer et al., Phys. Rev. Lett 92, 027003 (2004); P. A. Frigeri et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 097001
(2004); S. Fujimoto, J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 76, 051008 (2007); Y.Tada, N. Kawakami, and S. Fujimoto,
Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, 267006 (2008).
[2] R. P. Kaur, D. F. Agterberg, and M. Sigrist, Phys. Rev. Lett. 94, 137002 (2005); K. Samokhin,
Phys. Rev. B70, 104521 (2004); C. K. Lu and S. K. Yip, Phys. Rev. B77, 054515 (2008); S. Fujimoto,
Phys. Rev. B72, 024515 (2005).
[3] P. Bruno, V. K. Dugaev, and M. Taillefumier, Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 096806 (2004).
[4] S. Fujimoto, Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 047203 (2009).
S-O-077

Physical vacuum in superconductors

CLOVIS JACINTO DE MATOS

European Space Agency (ESA, Head Quarter), 8-10 rue Mario Nikis,75015 Paris, FRANCE
clovis.de.matos@esa.int

Although experiments carried out by Jain et al. [1] showed that the Cooper pairs obey the
strong equivalence principle, The measurement of the Cooper pairs inertial mass by Tate et al. [2]
revealed an anomalous excess of mass. In the present paper we interpret these experimental results in
the framework of an electromagnetic model of dark energy for the superconductors' vacuum [3]. We
argue that this physical vacuum is associated with a preferred frame. Ultimately from the conservation
of energy for Cooper pairs we derive a model for a variable vacuum speed of light in the
superconductors‘ physical vacuum in relation with a possible breaking of the weak equivalence
principle for Cooper pairs.

[1] A. K. Jain, J. Lukens, and J. S. Tsai, Phys. Rev. Lett., 58, 1165 (1987).
[2] J. Tate, B. Cabrera, S.B. Felch, J.T. Anderson, "Precise determination of the Cooper-pair mass",
Phys. Rev. Lett. 62 (8) 845–848 (1989).
[3] C. J. de Matos, C. Beck, "Possible measurable effects of dark energy in rotating superconductors",
Advances in Astronomy, 2009, 931920, (2009) (also available as arXiv:0707.1797).
S-O-078

New superconductivity produced by electrostatic field and diffusion current in semiconductor

S. ISHIGURI

Fukui National College of Technology, JAPAN


kckyg592@ybb.ne.jp

This paper proposes a unique polarization superconducting device that is considerably different
from conventional superconductors. This device, which uses a constant current source, demonstrates the
potential of a new superconductivity concept. The device is based on the idea that the voltage that produces
Joule heating can be in proportion to the voltage derived from the line integral of an internal electric field
using a condenser when the current is supplied to a doped semiconductor by a current source. In this case,
charge carrier concentration is spatially non-uniform. The concentration gradient of the current source
leads to diffusion of the charge carriers, and the motion of these carriers contributes to current density. An
electric field is not needed to move the charge carriers, because they move by diffusion and not by drift.
Because the voltage associated with Joule heating is in proportion to the voltage from the internal electric
field, the total voltage in the semiconductor is zero; however, the current carried from the current source
prevents the total current from being zero. This study demonstrates that the above phenomenon results in
superconducting state from the diffusion-current state. In the theory, it is demonstrated that two electrons in
the device form a pair and Bose-Einstein (BE) condensation of all pairs is produced. From this, we obtain
the superconducting current without voltage. Furthermore, we developed an experimental setup and
confirmed a reproducible drop in the electrical resistance and production of an energy gap: In Fig. 1, a
result of the experiments using our proposed superconducting device is indicated. As shown in this figure,
we can confirm that the sample voltage dropped almost to zero. However, the transport current was not
zero but constant. Fig. 2 indicates another result of the experiments. Sample voltages in this figure also
drop almost to zero. In this figure, some data points are not shown. These points were measured as negative
voltages despite dc current. In general, when dc current is supplied to a substance, a positive voltage is
generated, and this substance consumes energy (i.e., generation of Joule heating). However, in this study,
negative voltages were generated although the direction of the current was constant. This means that,
similar to the function of a battery in a circuit, the sample of the experiment emitted energy (not consumed
it), i.e., it did not generate Joule heating despite current being supplied. Because this emitted energy was
not heat, it must be the magnetic field energy in the semiconductor, which resulted in the Meissner effect
and the phase transition to BE condensation. At this time, we can mention that the electric resistance in the
semiconductor was completely zero. Note that electrons at the minimum-level energy neither consume nor
emit energy, as they have no kinetic energy. Thus, energy emission in this experiment means that the free
electron energy drops to lower levels than the minimum-energy level and that an energy gap in terms of
superconductivity was produced. Note that the experiments in Figs. 1 and 2 were conducted on different
days to confirm the reproducibility of the phenomenon. From our many experiments, the dropping of the
sample voltage to zero was certainly observed when the conditions of the experiments were the same.
0 .6 0 .7
Sample Voltage (mV)

Sample Voltage (mV)

0 .5 0 .6

0 .4 0 .5

0 .3 0 .4

0 .2 0 .3

0 .2
0 .1
0 .1
0
7 7 .1 7 .2 7 .3 7 .4 7 .5 0
Time (min) 12 1 2 .2 1 2 .4 1 2 .6 1 2 .8

Time (min)
Fig. 1 A result of the experiments to confirm our proposed device. Fig. 2 Another result of the experiment.
S-O-081

Quantum oscillations reveal the role of structure and Fe in ternary iron and ruthenium pnictides

A.I. COLDEA1, C.M.J. ANDREW1, A. CARRINGTON1, J. ANALYTIS2,3, J.-H. CHU2, 3,


I.R. FISHER2, 3 and A. MCCOLLAM4
1
H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TL, UK
2
Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences
SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
3
Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, USA
4
Radboud University Nijmegen,High Field Magnet Laboratory,Faculty of Science,6500 GL Nijmegen,
THE NETHERLANDS
amalia.coldea@bristol.ac.uk

We present quantum oscillations obtained using torque measurements in high magnetic fields
(45T) and low temperatures (0.3K) in non-magnetic iron pnictides which allow mapping out of an un-
reconstructed Fermi surface characteristic to ternary iron pnictides. We find that in systems with
reduced c/a ratio or when the bonding between the pnictogen ions becomes relevant, like in CaFe2P2
[1] or the collapsed tetragonal phase of CaFe2As2, the Fermi surface is three dimensional and suffers a
topological change from the usual two warped electron and hole cylinders, as found in the
paramagnetic phase of BaFe2As2 or LaFePO [2]. A similar effect is found when replacing Fe by an
isolectronic 4d ion, Ru, but this time the effective masses are strongly reduced compared with the Fe
related systems. The role of electronic correlations, dimensionality and Fermi surface warping and its
relevance to superconductivity will be discussed.

[1] A. I. Coldea et al ., Phys. Rev. Lett., 103, 026404 (2009).


[2] A. I. Coldea et al ., Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, 216402 (2008)

(a) (b) BaFe2As2

(c) CaFe2P2

Figure 1. a) Torque signal in SrRu2P2 at 1.3 K and 30 T. b) Calculated Fermi surface of BaFe2As2
in the paramagnetic state and CaFe2As2, the latter being well described by the experimental data [1].
S-O-082

Fermi surface shrinking and band shifts in iron-based pnictides

E. CAPPELLUTI1,2, L. ORTENZI2, L. BENFATTO2 and L. PIETRONERO2


1
SMC Research Center, INFM-CNR, Rome, ITALY
2
Department of Physics, University “La Sapienza”, Rome, ITALY
emmanuele.cappelluti@roma1.infn.it

The new superconducting iron-based pnictides represent a new challenge in the field of condensed
matter. First-principle calculations identify four main bands at the Fermi level with two-dimensional
character: two hole-like pockets around the  point and two electron-like pockets around the M point, so
that these systems present an interesting multiband phenomenology. Although a qualitative agreement is
found between LDA calculations and experiments, interesting discrepancies remain. In particular de Haas-
van Alphen measurements observe Fermi areas which are systematically much smaller than the theoretical
predicted [1,2,3]. This discrepancy can be reconciled by assuming a systematic shift of the bands, whose
origin has been not so far not assessed. Notably, such effects must be band-sensitive, since they give a
downward shift of the hole-bands and an upward shift of the electronic ones.
In this contribution we present a comprehensive explanation for the origin of the band shifts
observed in de Haas-van Alphen experiments. Using a four band Eliashberg analysis, we show that they are
a natural consequence of the multiband character of these systems and of the strong particle-hole
asymmetry of the bands. We also show that the relative sign of such shifts provides a direct experimental
evidence of a dominant interband scattering [4]. A quantitative analysis in LaFePO yields a spin-mediated
interband coupling of the order V  0.46 eV which corresponds to a mass enhancement Z  1.4 [4]. We
show also how the present framework can account for the momentum-selective band shift observed in
SrFe2P2 [3] where quantum oscillations report a significant shift for the minimal Fermi area and negligible
shift for the maximal Fermi area within the same band. This feature appears as a natural consequence in our
analysis of the different nesting properties for different momenta.

Figure 1. Iintensity map of the spectral function for the interacting hole bands (left panel) and for the two
degenerate electron bands (right panel). The dashed lines represent the non-interacting parabolic bands.

[1] D.H. Lu et al., Nature 455, 81 (2008).


[2] A.I. Coldea et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, 216402 (2008).
[3] J.G. Analytis et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 076401 (2009).
[4] L. Ortenzi, E. Cappelluti, L. Benfatto, L. Pietronero, Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 046404 (2009).
S-O-083

Probing the Fermi surface of an electron doped cuprate superconductor by high-field


magnetotransport

T. HELM1, M.V. KARTSOVNIK1, M. BARTKOWIAK2, F. WOLF-FABRIS2, I. SHEIKIN3,


M. LAMBACHER1, A. ERB1, J. WOSNITZA2 and R. GROSS1
1
Walther-Meißner-Institut, Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, D-85748 Garching, GERMANY
2
Hochfeld-Magnetlabor Dresden, Forschungszentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, D-01328 Dresden, GERMANY
3
Grenoble High Magnetic Field Laboratory, CNRS, F-38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, FRANCE
mark.kartsovnik@wmi.badw.de

We present results of high-field studies of the interlayer magnetoresistance of high-quality


electron-doped Nd2-xCexCuO4 single crystals at different doping levels x. In pulsed magnetic fields, the
magnetoresistance displays Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations for optimally doped (x = 0.15) and
overdoped (x = 0.16 and 0.17) compositions, thus providing direct evidence for a well-defined
continuous Fermi surface [1]. At the highest doping level, the oscillations reveal a large cylindrical
Fermi surface consistent with band structure calculations and ARPES results [2]. Most interestingly,
the oscillation spectrum changes dramatically upon reducing the Ce concentration below 0.17. The
corresponding Fermi surface reconstruction can be explained by a (;) superlattice potential which
likely originates from an magnetic ordering in CuO2 layers. Remarkably, this superlattice emerges
deep in the overdoped regime, by contrast to what was expected from the recent ARPES [2] and
neutron scattering studies [3].
Besides quantum oscillations, the semiclassical magnetoresistance component is found to
display the so-called angle-dependent magnetoresistance oscillations (AMRO). The latter phenomenon
has been widely used in other layered systems like organic conductors for mapping their Fermi
surfaces [4]. It has also been observed on the hole-overdoped cuprate superconductor Tl2Ba2CuO6+
[5], although its interpretation in this case becomes complicated due to relatively short scattering
lifetimes. We discuss the AMRO features in Nd2-xCexCuO4 in connection with the Shubnikov-de Haas
data and argue that the superlattice potential survives most likely over the entire superconducting
doping range. This suggests an intimate relation between magnetic ordering and superconductivity.

[1] T. Helm, M. V. Kartsovnik, M. Bartkowiak, et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 157002 (2009).
[2] N. P. Armitage, P. Fournier, and R. L. Greene, Arxiv:0906.2931; unpublished.
[3] E. M. Motoyama, G. Yu, I. M. Vishik, et al., Nature 445, 186 (2007).
[4] M. V. Kartsovnik, Chem. Rev. 104, 5737 (2004).
[5] N. E. Hussey, M. Abdel-Jawad, A. Carrington, et al., Nature 425, 814 (2003); M. Abdel-Jawad, M.
P. Kennett, L. Balicas, et al., Nature Phys. 2, 821 (2006).
S-O-085

Angular dependence of magnetoresistance in layered metals and superconductors

P.D. GRIGORIEV

Landau Instituute for Theoretical Physics, Chernogolovka, 142432, RUSSIA


grigorev@itp.ac.ru

The systematic theoretical study of the angular dependence of magnetoresistance and magnetic
quantum oscillations in layered metals is performed [1]. Both these effects are traditionally used to
extract the Fermi surface geometry and the electron dispersion in various compounds. The Fermi
surface in layered metals is a corrugated cylinder, and the extraction of the parameters of this
corrugation and of the in-plane electron dispersion from the experimental data requires the reliable
and simple theoretical formulas for the angular dependence of magnetoresistance. The knowledge of
the electron dispersion and of the Fermi-surface geometry is especially useful for the understanding of
the ground state and many-electron properties in high-temperature cuprate superconductors. The
analytical and numerical results on the angular dependence of magnetoresistance, illustrating the
calculation procedure and its pitfalls, will be presented. The results are applied to analyze the
electronic dispersion in layered cuprate superconductors and organic metals.
The differences between magnetotransport in the coherent and incoherent limits will be
discussed. Very unusual angular and temperature dependence of magnetoresistance has been observed
in several layered compounds with weak interlayer coupling. In particular, contrary to the standart
theory of magnetoresistance, in strong magnetic field the interlayer conductivity was found to be
almost independent on the magnetic field perpendicular to the conductivity, but depends strongly on
the magnetic field component along the conductivity. This unusual interlayer conductivity is not
thermally activational, but has almost metallic temperature dependence at low temperature. The model
is proposed [2] to explain this anomalous angular and temperature dependence of magnetoresistance in
the incoherent case, observed in several layered metals and superconductors. This model includes the
interlayer electron hopping via the local crystal defect, as, e.g., resonance impurities, with in-sequence
transport along the conducting layers. The predictions of this model are thouroghly compared with the
experimental data.

[1] P.D. Grigoriev, ―Angular dependence of the Fermi-surface cross-section area and
magnetoresistance in quasi-2D metals‖, in preparation.
[2] .M. V. Kartsovnik, P. D. Grigoriev, W. Biberacher, and N. D. Kushch, "Magnetic field induced
coherence-incoherence crossover in the interlayer conductivity of a layered organic metals", Phys.
Rev. B 79, 165120 (2009).
S-O-086

Dynamic studies on the influence of strain on superconducting properties using piezoelectric


substrates

S. TROMMLER1, R. HÜHNE1, K. IIDA1, P. PAHLKE1, T. THERSLEFF1, L. SCHULTZ1 and


B. HOLZAPFEL1
1
IFW Dresden, P.O. Box 270116, D-01171 Dresden, Germany
s.trommler@ifw-dresden.de

It is known that the application of strain has a significant influence on the functional properties
of superconducting materials. Typically, thin films are prepared on substrates with a different lattice
misfit inducing a biaxial tensile or compressive strain to study this effect. Unfortunately, this approach
is often restricted to very thin films. Furthermore, it is difficult to correlate strain and
superconductivity directly, as the preparation conditions and the resulting microstructure may severely
affect the superconducting properties. An alternative approach is the preparation of superconducting
films on single crystalline piezoelectric substrates enabling a dynamical variation of the induced strain
by applying an electric field on the substrate. This approach is used to study the strain dependence of
superconducting properties in different materials. Therefore, thin epitaxial YBCO, La1-xSrxCuO4 and
BaFe2-xCoxAs2 films were prepared on piezoelectric (001) Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)0.72Ti0.28O3 (PMN-PT)
substrates. Depending on the lattice parameter of these materials, additional buffer layers are required
to achieve an epitaxial growth of the superconductor on these substrates. The structural as well as the
electrical properties of the grown films were characterized in detail. Finally, results on the influence of
strain on superconducting properties like the transition temperature will be presented for these
materials using dynamic investigations.
S-O-087

The effect of the pinning center size on the vortex pinning by embedded ZrO 2 nano-particles

NAHED MOUTALBI, ASMA OUERGHI and ALI M‘CHIRGUI

Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, 7021 Zarzouna Bizerte TUNISIA


ali.mchirgui@fsb.rnu.tn

The pinning stability and the optimization of flux line pinning in high temperature
superconductor are of the most performed ways to improve the transport properties in these materials.
The optimization of the size and the distribution of artificial pinning centres lead to the achievement of
a high critical current density (Jc) in applied magnetic field. To this effect, the influence of pinning
centres size on the superconducting properties was investigated in this work. Through the introduction
of three batches of ZrO2 nano-particles with mean size of about D1=13nm, D2=21nm and D3=85nm,
we have succeeded in incorporating effective artificial pinning centres within the YBCO matrix of
bulk superconductor. As a result, we have achieved an enhancement in the flux pinning and a
consequent improvement in the critical current densities (transport critical current density J ct and
magnetic critical current density Jcm). The results indicate that slight inclusions of ZrO2 can greatly
enhance the flux pinning capability of samples. Moreover, the predicted dependence of the
strengthening of the resulting pinning force on the size of the incorporated pinning centres was
elucidated. Comparative analyses of the critical current densities (Jct and Jcm) and the resulting pinning
force Fp for the three diameters have shown that pinning centres with finer size are much more
efficient than those with a size larger than the coherence length ξ. Our results reveal that the
optimization of the size of the introduced nano-particles is a feasible way to solve the pinning
degradation in YBCO in applied magnetic field.
S-O-088

Are vortices in rotating superfluids breaking the weak equivalence principle?

CLOVIS JACINTO DE MATOS

European Space Agency (ESA, Head Quarter), 8-10 rue Mario Nikis,
75015 Paris, FRANCE
clovis.de.matos@esa.int

Due to the breaking of gauge symmetry in rotating superfluid Helium, the inertial mass of a
vortex diverges with the vortex size [1]. The vortex inertial mass is thus much higher than the classical
inertial mass of the vortex core. An equal increase of the vortex gravitational mass is questioned. The
possibility that the vortices in a rotating superfluid could break the weak equivalence principle in
relation with a variable speed of light in the superfluid vacuum is debated. Experiments to test this
possibility are investigated on the bases that superfluid Helium vortices would not fall, under the single
influence of a uniform gravitational field, at the same rate as the rest of the superfluid Helium mass.

[1] J. M. Duan, Phys. Rev. B, 49, 12381 (1994).


S-O-089

Oscillatory dynamics in vortex matter near the order-disorder transition

D. PÇREZ DAROCA1, G. PASQUINI1,2 , G. LOZANO 1,2 and V. BEKERIS 1,2


1
Departamento de Física, FCEyN, Universidad de Buenos Aires, ARGENTINA
2
IFIBA, CONICET, ARGENTINA
pasquini@df.uba.ar

Vortex matter in type II superconductors provides a model complex system ideal to explore the
behavior of elastic media in the presence of quenched disorder. In this system competing interactions
give rise to a complex phase diagram that, in a broad variety of materials, involves an order-disorder
(O-D) transition from a quasi-ordered Bragg glass (BG) to a disordered phase with proliferation of
topological defects. In the vicinity of this transition, vortex lattice (VL) configurations are generally
metastables and display a very complex dynamics that includes memory effects, dynamical assisted
reorganization, aging, etc.
In a recent work [1], we have explored the VL configuration (VLC) landscape in NbSe2 single
crystals. By applying a shaking ac field of moderate amplitude before measurment, we were able to
access stationary configuration that are independent of the initial VLC, at each temperature (field). We
have found a transition region between the ordered and disordered phases, where stationary VLCs
have an intermediate degree of disorder that increases with temperature.
In the present work we go into the physics underlying the effect of the shaking field. By means
of linear ac susceptibility experiments in the Campbell regime (that exclude current induced vortex
lattice reorganization), we explore the VLC landscape reached by varying the frequency and wave
form of the shaking field throughout the O-D transition. Surprisingly, in the intermediate region, at
fixed temperature and field, the VLCs reached after shaking are independent of the initial conditions
but are frequency dependent. On the other hand, numerical simulations of molecular dynamics
qualitatively reproduce the experimental results, including the independence of the initial
conditions, and allow us to propose a consistent picture.

[1] G. Pasquini, D. Pérez Daroca, C. Chiliotte, G. Lozano and V. Bekeris; Phy. Rev. Lett. 100, 247003
(2008).
S-O-090

Visualization of the critical state formation at the microscopic level in a superconductor with
periodic array of antidots

R. B. G. KRAMER1, A. V. SILHANEK1, J. GUTIERREZ1, G. W. ATAKLTI1, J. VAN DE


VONDEL1, V. V. MOSHCHALKOV1, C. NAVAU2, A. SANCHEZ2, N. DEL-VALLE2 and
D.-X. CHEN2
1
INPAC -- Institute for Nanoscale Physics and Chemistry, Nanoscale Superconductivity and Magnetism Group,
K.U.Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200D, B--3001 Leuven, BELGIUM
2
Departament de Fisica, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, SPAIN
Joffre.GutierrezRoyo@fys.kuleuven.be

The field penetration in a thin Pb superconducting film after zero field cooling under
perpendicular magnetic field is investigated by Low Temperature Scanning Hall Probe Microscopy
(LT-SHPM). Mapping the local field profile near the border of the sample allow us to determine the
characteristic length scales for field penetration in the Meissner state. The temperature dependence of
the field at which the first vortex appears (H*) in the scanning frame is also estimated. Increasing the
field above H* leads to a complete occupation of the first row of antidots before the occupation of the
next row occurs, in close agreement with the terraced critical state proposed by Cooley [1]. Further
increasing the field shows that even though the first row of antidots (parallel to the sample border)
remains populated with single quantized vortices, double quantized vortices can appear deeper into the
sample. We investigate the formation of the critical state and the effects of reversing the field
periodically, thus mimicking the vortex dynamics under perpendicular ac-excitation.

[1] L. D. Cooley and A. M. Grishin, Phys. Rev. Lett. 74, 2788 (1995).
S-O-091

Retardation of the Magnetic Relaxation in a Superconductor near a Ferromagnet

B.M. SMOLYAK, G.V. ERMAKOV and M.S. ZAKHAROV

Institute of Thermal Physics, Ural Division, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg, RUSSIA
b-smolyak@yandex.ru

The creep of a magnetic flux trapped in a bulk high-temperature superconductor has been
studied. It is found that the magnetic relaxation is retarded when the superconductor is placed near a
ferromagnet. The value of the retardation effect depends on the sequence of the magnetization and the
approach of the superconductor and the ferromagnet. If a superconducting sample first is placed near a
ferromagnet and then is magnetized, the magnetic relaxation in the sample is twice as slow as the
"free" relaxation (i.e., in the absence of the ferromagnet). If a superconducting sample first is
magnetized and then is brought close to the ferromagnet, the magnetic relaxation is almost fully
suppressed.
An interpretation of this effect has been discussed. When the sample is magnetized in the
presence of a ferromagnet, the retardation of the magnetic relaxation can be related to an increase in
the length and the curvature of the vortices. A full suppression of the creep is observed when a
ferromagnet is brought into the magnetic field of the superconductor. Being magnetized, the
ferromagnet produces its own magnetic field. While penetrating into the disk sample through its
planes, the ferromagnet field induces screening currents, which circulate in the boundary region
oppositely to the current that arises upon trapping of the magnetic flux. As a result, the stability of the
magnetic structure with respect to the creep increases sharply since opposite driving forces can act on
different sections of the vortices.
S-O-092

AC response of the single crystals niobium in a swept magnetic field

M.I. TSINDLEKHT, V.M. GENKIN, G.I. LEVIEV and I. FELNER

The Racah Institute of Physics, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem


91904, Jerusalem, ISRAEL
mtsindl@vms.huji.ac.il

We report the results of an experimental study of the low frequency ac response of two niobium
single crystals in a swept magnetic field. Both samples have the same Tc, but different magnetization
curves and Hc2. The samples with dimensions 10 by 3 by 1 mm were inserted in the pick-up coils and
the ac response at the first, second, third and fourth harmonic was measured concurrently over wide
range of exitation amplitudes and frequencies for different sweep rates. We found that the second and
fourth harmonic appeared in swept field only when the signal at third harmonic was registered also
under stationary conditions for Hc3>H0>Hc2. Transition between Abrikosov phase and surface
superconducting states accompanied by sharp jump in all harmonics. Character of magnetic field
dependencies is different for different sample. Detail description of the experimental findings together
with possible explanations will be presented.
S-O-093

Temperature and current dependent matching field in superconducting NbN film of square
array of holes

M. KAMRAN1, M. ANIS-UR-REHMAN1, KHALID MANSOOR2, S. K. HE3, W.H. CAO3 and


X.G. QIU3
1
Department of Physics, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Islamabad, PAKISTAN
2
Gomal University, Department of Physics D.I.Khan NWFP, PAKISTAN
3
Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Beijing National Laboratory of Condensed matter Physics,
Beijing100190, CHINA
muhammad_kamran@comsats.edu.pk

Patterned superconducting thin films having a periodic array of sub-micrometric pinning centers
have been of great interest due to their excellence for the studies of the flux pinning mechanisms in the
type-II superconductors. Square hole array has been fabricated over a micro-bridge of Nb thin film by
electron beam lithography. Previous works have been mainly carried out in Nb, Pb and Al thin films
where the residue pinning effect is assumed to be small. It is of great interest to carry out similar study
in superconducting samples with strong residue pinning. NbN is a type II superconductor with a bulk
Tc of 16.00 K. In this work, we study the matching pinning effect by the artificial hole array in
superconducting NbN thin films. We observed the interplay between the vortex quantization and the
artificial hole array. Magneto-resistance minima at integer matching fields up to five times of H1 (the
first matching field corresponding to one vortex inside each hole) and fractional matching fields at
1/2H1, 3/2H1 and 5/2H1 have been observed.
S-O-095

Local probing of the vortex-antivortex dynamics in superconductor/ferromagnet


hybrid structures

J. VAN DE VONDEL1, A. V. SILHANEK1, V. N. GLADILIN1,2, J. TEMPERE2, J. T. DEVREESE2,


B. RAES1, G.W. ATAKLTI1, W. GILLIJNS1 and V. V. MOSHCHALKOV1
1
INPAC-Institute for Nanoscale Physics and Chemistry, Nanoscale Superconductivity and Magnetism Group, K.U.Leuven,
Celestijnenlaan 200D, B-3001 Leuven, BELGIUM
2
Departement Natuurkunde, Universiteit Antwerpen (UIA), Universiteitsplein 1, B2610 Antwerpen, BELGIUM
Joris.vandevondel@fys.kuleuven.be

We have recently demonstrated that by properly distributing micrometer size magnets in the
vicinity of a superconducting film, it is possible to order the associated v-av lattice at will [1]. In
particular, well defined rows of vortices separated from rows of antivortices can be created using two-
dimensional arrays of in-plane ferromagnetic bars and even make them to slide in opposite directions
with a bias current flowing perpendicular to the rows [2]. More surprising is the fact that at low
magnetic fields, the external field seems to play no role as evidenced by a field-independent flux-flow
resistance and a field insensitive mode locking effect [2, 3]. The proposed models lack a clear direct
experimental verification but also a solid theoretical modeling. In order to fill this gap we have
extended the previous experimental investigations on collective ensembles of magnetic bars by
recording the dissipation produced by individual rows of vortices and antivortices. The most relevant
achievement obtained with these local measurements is the identification of the contribution of each
row to the total resistance. The obtained results confirm the earlier proposed model [3] showing an
immobilization of one type of channels, while producing little changes in the channels of opposite
polarity. In addition, simulations based on time dependent Ginzburg-Landau formalism shed new light
on the microscopic mechanism of vortex creation, hopping and annihilation. These results not only
confirm the presence of highly mobile vortex channels induced by the densely packed ferromagnets,
but also reproduce the passivation of one of the channels, by the applied magnetic field.

[1] J. Van de Vondel, A. V. Silhanek, B. Raes, W. Gillijns, R. B. G. Kramer, V. V. Moshchalkov, J.


Sautner, and V. Metlushko, Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 95, 032501 (2009).
[2] A. V. Silhanek, J. Van de Vondel, A. Leo, G. W. Ataklti, W. Gillijns and V. V. Moshchalkov,
Supercond. Sci. Technol. 22, 034002 (2009).
[3] J. Van de Vondel, A. V. Silhanek, B. Raes, W. Gillijns, R. B. G. Kramer, V. V. Moshchalkov, J.
Sautner, and V. Metlushko, Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 95, 032501 (2009).
S-O-096

Thermo-magnetic instability in composite superconductors

V. V. YURCHENKO1, A.J. QVILLER1, J.I. VESTGÅRDEN1, Y.M. GALPERIN1, E.-M. CHOI2, S.-I.
LEE3, S. S. CHAUDHURI4, M. R. NEVALA4, I. J. MAASILTA4, T.H. JOHANSEN1
1
Department of Physics, University of Oslo, P.B.1048, Blindern, 0316, Oslo, Norway
2
BK21 Physics Division and Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea
3
Department of Physics, Sogang University, Seoul 121-742, Korea
3
Nanoscience Center, Department of Physics, University of Jyvaskyla, P.O. Box 35, FIN 40014, Finland
vitaliy.yurchenko@fys.uio.no

Magneto-optical imaging (MOI) was used previously to demonstrate that dendritic flux
avalanches, which appear in superconducting thin films as a result of thermo-magnetic instability
(TMI), may be suppressed by coating the superconductor with a thin layer of metal [1]. Measurements
of magnetic hysteresis loops (MHL) confirmed this effect [2]. Besides disappearance of sharp drops on
magnetization curves, widening of the MHL was observed. It has been considered as a consequence of
the suppression of TMI, which destroys a metastable critical state on the length scale comparable with
the dimensions of the entire sample. The mechanism of the suppression of TMI is still a subject of an
active debate. Most likely it is a combination of two effects: i) a metallic layer provides an additional
heat sink for the heat dissipated by an avalanche, and ii) electromagnetic braking, i.e. stray fields of
the moving vortices induce the electro motive force in the metallic part, which acts against the rapid
change of the magnetic flux. In this work we present results of a real-time MOI of magnetic flux
distribution and dynamics in MgB2 and NbN thin films with various coating. We selected coating
materials with different electrical and heat conductivities in order to separate contributions of the
above mentioned effects, namely, the heat sink and the electromagnetic braking.

[1] M. Baziljevich, A.V. Bobyl, D.V. Shantsev, E. Altshuler, T.H. Johansen, S.I. Lee, Physica C 369,
93 (2002)
[2] E.-M. Choi, V. V. Yurchenko, T. H. Johansen, H.-S. Lee, J.Y. Lee, W. N. Kang, D.G. Jung, and S.-
I. Lee ―Effect of metallic coating on flux stability in MgB2 thin films‖. To be published.
S-O-097

Continuously tunable high magnetic field-induced superconductivity In NbN obtained by


template grown ferromagnetic nanowires array

X. HALLET1, M. MÁTÇFI-TEMPFLI1, L. PIRAUX1, J. VANACKEN2, V.V. MOSHCHALKOV2


and S. MÁTÇFI-TEMPFLI1
1.
Unité de Physico-chimie et de Physique des Matériaux (PCPM), Université Catholique de Louvain, Place Croix du Sud
1, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, BELGIUM
2.
Nanoscale Superconductivity and Magnetism & Pulsed Fields Group, Institute for Nanoscale Physics and Chemistry
(INPAC), Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200D, B-3001 Leuven, BELGIUM
xavier.hallet@uclouvain.be

Dense arrays of ordered (triangular symmetry) single-domain ferromagnetic nanowires


(100nm-spaced) have been used to create periodic magnetic pinning centers in thin superconducting
NbN films. The nanowires were electrodeposited in a highly-ordered porous alumina membrane. Then
a thin insulating layer is deposited on top of the perpendicularly oriented magnetic nanowires followed
by the thin NbN film. We studied the influence of the NbN film thickness, the insulator thickness, the
diameter of the nanowires and the ferromagnetic material (Ni, Co, CoFe). A rich variety of magnetic
field dependence was observed. For large nanowire diameters, matching effects are observed up to
2.5T (11th matching effects). For thin superconducting layers, field-induced superconductivity (FIS) is
observed at high field (0.21T) compared to the previously reported FIS (a few mT) [1,2]. Furthermore,
playing on the magnetic history, the first matching field can be arbitrarily tuned in the range 0.21T-
0.14T. This leads to a wide range of different resistive states that can be reached at fixed temperature,
current and magnetic field. These effects are interpreted in terms of interactions between the single-
domain ferromagnetic nanowires array and the thin superconducting film.

[1] M. Lange, M. J. Van Bael, Y. Bruinseraede and V.V. Moshchalkov, Phys. Rev. Lett. 90, 197006
(2003).
[2] W. Gillijns, A. V. Silhanek and V.V. Moshchalkov, Phys. Rev. B 74, 220509 (2006).
S-O-098

Transport properties of superconducting amorphous W-based nanowires fabricated by focused-


ion-beam-induced-deposition

R. CÓRDOBA 1, 2, J. M. DE TERESA 2, 3, J. SESÇ 1, 2, A. FERNÁNDEZ-PACHECO 1, 2, 3,


M. R. IBARRA 1,2,3, I. GUILLAMÓN 4, H. SUDEROW 4 and S. VIEIRA 4
1
Instituto de Nanociencia de Aragón, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, 50009, SPAIN
2
Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad de Zaragoza, Facultad de Ciencias, Zaragoza, 50009,
SPAIN
3
Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragón, Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, Facultad de Ciencias, Zaragoza, 50009,
SPAIN
4
Laboratorio de Bajas Temperaturas, Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Instituto de Ciencia de
Materiales Nicolás Cabrera, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049, Madrid, SPAIN
rocorcas@unizar.es

The creation of superconducting materials in the nanometre scale is opening interesting


research fields in Nanotechnology [1]. Focused-ion-beam-induced-deposition (FIBID) is an interesting
one-step technique that allows the local growth of nanostructures on a substrate where precursor gas
molecules are adsorbed and dissociated by the focused-ion-beam (FIB)[2]. It was found that FIBID
can produce superconducting W-based nanostructures with TC 5 K [3], closely following the BCS
theory with a well-defined Abrikosov vortex lattice that has recently allowed the direct observation of
the melting of the two-dimensional vortex lattice [4].
In the present work, we report transport measurements of superconducting amorphous W-based
nanowires (NWs) fabricated by FIBID using W(CO)6 as a precursor material. We have fabricated
superconducting NWs with widths ranging from 
technique (Figure 1). The values obtained for TC range from 5.2 K to 4.3 K, as the lateral size of the
NW decreases. The critical current density found in these NWs is in the range of 0.08 MA/cm2 at 2 K
and decreases as the lateral size of the NW decreases (Table 1) [5]. All these features open the route of
using this material in a fascinating and wide range of applications in the field of Nanotechnology.

Table 1. Summary of deposition parameters and transport


measurements results of several W FIBID NWs.

Figure 1. SEM image of a typical W FIBID NW

[1] M. Velez et al., J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 320, 2547 (2008).


[2] I. Utke, P. Hoffmann, and J. Melngailis, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B 26, 1197 (2008).
[3] E. S. Sadki, S. Ooi, and K. Hirata, Appl. Phys. Lett. 85, 6206 (2004).
[4] I. Guillamon et al., Nat Phys 5, 651 (2009).
[5] J. M. De Teresa et al., Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. Vol. 1180 (2009).
S-O-099

Investigation of superconducting properties of Gd added Bi-2223

M.ERDEM, A.VARILCI, C.TERZIOGLU, M.AKDOGAN, G.YILDIRIM and S.ALTINTAS

Department of Physics, Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, TURKEY


erdem_m@ibu.edu.tr

We have investigated the effect of addition of Gd in Bi1.8Pb0.35Sr1.9Ca2.1Cu3GdxOy


superconductor with x=0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5. The samples were prepared by standard solid-state
reaction method. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and DC electrical
resistivity measurements under DC magnetic fields up to7T are made. The resistivity versus applied
magnetic field at constant temperature for various temperatures were measured to estimate the upper
critical field (Hc2) values for the samples. The coherence length is calculated using Ginzburg-Landau
formula. The Arrhenius plots show that the electrical resistivity is thermally activated in the low
resistivity region.
S-O-100

Comparison of the optically measured vaporization energy by ultrafast laser spectroscopy and
the condensation energy determined from specific heat measurements

L. STOJCHEVSKA, P. KUŠAR, T. MERTELJ, V. V. KABANOV and D. MIHAILOVIŠ

Complex Matter Department , Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, Ljubljana, SI-1000, Ljubljana, SLOVENIA
ljupka.stojchevska@ijs.si

The condensation energy can be thought as the difference in ground state energy between the
normal state and the superconducting state of a superconductor. For better understanding of the
superconducting mechanism, an accurate measurement of the condensation energy is needed [1].
Unfortunately there are very few experimental methods which can attempt to measure the
condensation energy. One method is by measuring the thermodynamical critical field and alternatively,
the condensation energy can be found by integrating the difference in specific heats in the normal and
superconducting state from T  0 to the superconducting transition temperature Tc [2,3].
With use of femtosecond laser spectroscopy we can measure the absorbed light energy needed
to destroy the superconducting condensate. The method relies on accurate measurement of the energy
U v needed to transform the superconducting state into the normal state (i.e. vaporize the condensate).
By changing the laser pulse intensity, the superconducting state is destroyed, and the characteristic
superconducting signal saturates, which can be determined very accurately. The accuracy of the
deposited energy is thus limited only by the geometric factors related to the laser beam profile and
optical absorption length op . The first measurements in La2 x Srx CuO4 gave a vaporization energy
U v which was significantly higher than the condensation energy U c determined from the specific heat
measurements [4]. Here we report on systematic measurements of the vaporization energy in a two
different cuprates: YBa 2Cu3O7 and La2 x Srx CuO4 ranging from the underdoped to the overdoped
region.
We found that the condensate vaporization energy U v increases as a square power of Tc and is
 16-18 times greater than condensation energy extracted from specific heat
approximately
measurements, implying a significant heat capacity of the 'bosonic glue' responsible for its formation.
This study shows that the initial results reported for La2 x Srx CuO4 are valid also for YBa 2 Cu3O7 and
are a general property of cuprate superconductors.

[1] E. Demler and S. Zhang, Nature 396, 733-735 (1998).


[2] J. W. Loram, J. L. Tallon and W. Y. Liang, Phys. Rev. B 69, 060502 (2004).
[3] M. Roulin, A. Junod and E. Walker, Physica C 296, 137-152 (1998).
[4] P. Kusar, V. V. Kabanov, J. Demsar, T. Mertelj, S. Sugai and D. Mihailovic, Phys. Rev. Lett. 101,
227001 (2008).
S-O-104

Preparation and characterization of nanometer grained high temperature superconducting high-


quality epitaxial Bi-2223 thin films grown by DC sputtering

A. SALEM 1, A. E. AL-SALAMI 2 ,G. JAKOB 3 and H. ADRIAN 3


1
Physics Department, South Valley University, Qena, EGYPT
2
Physics Department, King Khalid University, Abha, SAUDI ARABIA
3
Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55099 Mainz, GERMANY
salemabouelwafa@yahoo.co.uk

Bi2Sr2Ca2Cu3O10+δ HTSC epitaxial thin films with thickness in the order of 6.0 nm were
prepared onto (100) aligned SrTiO3 single crystal substrates by DC sputtering from stoichiometric
targets. As-grown samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, AC-susceptibility and scanning
electron microscopy. X-ray diffraction patterns show that all obtained superconducting thin films were
c-axis oriented with a Bi-2223 phase. All reflections (except the substrate ones) can be assigned to the
(00l) reflections of the film material (h = k = 0, l ≠ 0), indicating that the films were grown
preferentially with the c-axis normal to the film plane. In order to investigate the crystal quality of
these Bi-2223 films, the rocking curves of the (0012) peaks were explored by ω-scans. The rocking
curve of the (0012) reflection, had a full width at half-maximum (FWHM) of 0.3°. This demonstrates
that our prepared Bi-2223 thin films have good crystalline quality and high degree of c-axis
orientation. The grain size has well known important effects in the magnetic, optical, and electrical
properties of metals and alloys. High temperature superconducting thin films, obtained in this work,
have nanometer grain size. The mean size of the grains of the samples were determined by X-ray
diffraction (XRD) and found to be in the order of 34.8 nm. The superconducting transitions
temperature of several Bi-2223 samples is about 103 °K. Surface morphology of the films and
chemical composition were studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive
X-ray microanalysis (EDX).
S-O-105

Abnormal behavior of the angular dependence of resistivity in YBCO thin films

M.M. ABDELHADI

Department of Physics, University of Hail, PO Box 2440 Hail, SAUDI ARABIA


Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G7, CANADA
maher@uoh.edu.sa

Careful investigation of the angular dependence of resistivity  (is the angle between the
magnetic field and the ab-planes) as a function of the temperature within the superconducting
transition in an applied magnetic field B up to 1 T for a series of YBa2Cu3O7- (YBCO) thin films
revealed a large variation in the shape and width of the minimum displayed in the vicinity of =0o,
from a flat to a very sharp behavior. The series of films studied included both optimally doped and
underdoped samples of different Tc , critical current density Jc , film thickness, and preparation
techniques.
measured for B close to =0o (B parallel to ab-planes) for both B parallel to J and B
perpendicular to J (J is the applied current density) showed two classes of samples; class of samples
where is independent of the direction of B relative to J and the other class where depends
on the orientation B relative to J. This unusual unique behavior motivated us to investigate its origin
by looking at the scaling of as a function of the reduced field. Scaling of ) with the reduced
field B(cos2 + sin2)1/2 allowed a quantitative determination of the value of (intrinsic anisotropy)
which varies between 7 and 400 (values never been reported before) , and is independent of film
thickness and Jc. The sharper the minimum in around =0o the larger is the anisotropy. Analysis
of the microstructure though XRD of the films studied showed that the anisotropy is somehow related
to microstrain of the films. The high anisotropy samples showed the smallest values of the
microstrain.
S-O-106

On pseudogap and the doping dependent magnetic properties of Zn substituted La 2-xSrxCuO4

S. H. NAQIB and R. S. ISLAM

Department of Physics, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi-6205, BANGLADESH


salehnaqib@yahoo.com

The effects of hole content in the CuO2 plane, p ( x), on the uniform (q = 0) magnetic
susceptibility, (T), of La2-xSrxCu1-yZnyO4 compounds were investigated over a wide range of Sr (x)
and Zn (y) contents. The non-magnetic Zn substitution strongly affects (T). The magnitude of this
effect is strongly p-dependent. The calculated apparent Zn induced magnetic moment (peff2/Zn in the
units of B2) decreases systematically as p increases. This decrement is quite sharp in the underdoped
region but flattens around p ~ 0.19 and does not change much for further overdoping. This is indicative
of a possible role of the pseudogap on the Zn induced magnetic behavior, as there are growing
evidence that pseudogap vanishes quite abruptly at p ~ 0.19  0.01. We have extracted the
characteristic pseudogap energy scale, εg, from the analysis of the (T, y) data and have found again
that (i) εg(p) falls almost linearly with increasing p and vanishes at p ~ 0.19 and (ii) Zn, the most
proficient destroyer of superconductivity, does not affect the pseudogap energy scale. Both of these
features seem to support a non-superconducting (non-precursor pairing) origin for the pseudogap
correlation.
S-O-108

The hybrid cryogenic magnet with a logaritmic in time field deviation

E.P. KRASNOPEROV, A.A. KARTAMYSHEV and D.I. PUZANOV

Kurchanov Institute, 123182, Moscow, RUSSIA


kep@isssph.kiae.ru

The pulsed field magnetization (PFM) of hybrid magnet (soft ferromagnetic and melt-grown
superconductor Y-Ba-Cu-O) was investigated at T = 78K. It is shown that choosing the pulse
amplitude; one can create a logarithmic in time field deviation near the specified value.
Original Hybrid magnet was made. Magnet has two permendyur cylinder ( 16 mm and 20
mm length) with gap 1.5mm. Each cylinder is embedded in a superconducting melt-grown Y-Ba-Cu-
O ring, which has outside diameter  38 mm and thickness 11 mm. System is immersed in liquid
Nitrogen (Т=78К). Magnetization was carry out by pulsed coil which generates field in form of a half
sinusoidal. Pulse amplitude was Ha1,2-1,4Т; duration 10 ms. Direction of magnetizing field was not
changed during experiment. In this work we investigated the field trapped behavior under multi pulse
magnetization and field stability.
As a result of multi PFM a quasi-steady field B2.2 T in the magnet gap was achieved.
Amplitudes Ha1.5 T destroyed ring‘s super currents, and trapped flux in center ring changed its
direction to opposite.
Due to flux relaxation known in superconductors as a creep, the magnetic field changes in time.
In Hybrid magnet the value and sign of relaxation rate depends on magnetization. If field in gap is less
B<1.8 T, then one increases in time! Near the magnetization maximum B reduces in time. Choosing
of pulse amplitude it is possible to make a regular field deviation near the selected value. For example
at field B ~0.74 T after pulse amplitude Ha~1.1T the field jumps down and then increases linearly in
a logarithmic time scale. Such behavior of B(t) is shown in fig.1.

Fig.1. Magnetic field deviation in Hybrid magnet at B ~0.74 T after magnetizatin Ha~1.1T

The growth of the field on fig.1 is provided that the maximum trapped fields is located inside a
ring‘s body. In this case, super currents on the inside of the ring (J in) relaxed faster with compare to
outside super currents (Jout) [1]. As a result the field in the center of the ring grows and therefore the
core magnetization increases.

[1] A.A. Kartamyshev, E.P. Krasnoperov, Yu.D. Kuroedov, N.A. Nizhelskiy, O.L. Poluschenko,
Physica C 469, 805 (2009).
S-O-111

Synthesis and Doping of Parents of Fe-Superconductors

A. S. SEFAT, M. A. MCGUİRE, B. C. SALES AND D. MANDRUS

Materials Science & Technology Division, Oak Ridgen National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37831-6114, USA
sefata@ornl.gov

This talk is an overview of the various synthesis techniques used in making the high-temperature Fe-
superconductors based on the 1111, 122, 11, 42622, 32522 parents. Some of the basic properties will
be discussed.
S-O-112

AC loss measurement of MgB2 wires

S. SAFRAN1,2, J. SOUC1, L. ROSTILA3 and A. GENCER2

1 Institute of Electrical Engineering, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia
2 Ankara University, Faculty of Sciences, Physics Department, 06 200, Tandogan, Ankara, Turkey
3 Columbus Superconductors S.p.A., Via delle Terre Rosse 30, 16133 Genova, Italy
ssafran@gmail.com

Magnesiumdiboride (MgB2) is a good candidate for some of the conventional superconductors due to
its low costs of raw materials, and to its simple production process. MgB2 wires have also been
considered for AC applications. In this work, we present the magnetization AC loss results of MgB2
tapes when magnetic fields applied perpendicular to the wire axis. Losses were measured by the
calibration free method [1] using a lock-in amplifier. To see whether there is any frequency
dependence or not, the measurements were performed at different frequencies.

[1] Souc J, Gömöry F and Vojenciak M 2005 Supercond. Sci. Technol. 18 592
S-O-113

Cavity sideband cooling of the Josephson phase

J. HAMMER1, M. APRILI2 and I. PETKOVIC2


1
Institute for Experimental and Applied Physics University of Regensburg, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany
2
Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, University Paris-Sud, CNRS, UMR 8502, 91405 Orsay, France.

The ―friction of light‖ has been used for cooling atoms, ions and more recently mechanical
oscillators. As first pointed out by Branginskii and Manukin1 the radiation pressure in a Fabry-Perrot
interferometer in which one of the mirror vibrates can reduce the Brownian motion of the mirror and
hence its effective temperature. A mm-size Josephson junction, formed by two superconducting
electrodes separated by an insulating layer is at the same time a microwave cavity and a Josephson
resonator. The coupling between the electric field across the junction and the Josephson phase arises
from the non-linear Josephson inductance and it is formally equivalent to the radiation pressure. As a
consequence photons act on the Josephson phase dynamics as the radiation pressure does on a
vibrating mirror. We show that oscillations of the Josephson phase produce side-bands in the cavity
modes. When the cavity is pumped red tuned or bleu tuned we observe respectively cooling or heating
of the Josephson phase. In a quantum view this corresponds to pump Josephson plasmons in (heating)
and out (cooling) from the junction.

[1] V.B. Branginskii and A.B. Manukin JETP 25, 653 (1967)

This work was in part supported by ERASMUS, and ANR Blanche (DYCOSMA)
S-O-115

Empirical critical current density model for undoped monofilamentary Ti-sheathed MgB2 tapes

J. VILJAMAA1, L. ROSTILA2, P. KOVÁŢ1, T. MELİŠEK1, A. HINTERBERGER3 and


M. REISSNER3
1
Department of Superconductor Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 84101 Bratislava, SLOVAKIA
2
Columbus Superconductors S.p.A., Via delle Terre Rosse 30, 16133 Genoa, ITALY
3
Institute of Applied and Technical Physics, Vienna University of Technology, Wiedner Hauptstrasse 8-10, A-1040 Vienna,
AUSTRIA
jonna.viljamaa@gmail.com

A semi-empirical model was developed to describe the Jc(B)-dependence of several different


undoped monofilamentary MgB2 tapes above 1.5 T. In addition, this model was shown to be applicable
for temperatures ranging from 4.2 to 15 K. The model, which is based on Kim model, requires only
three free parameters to fit the Jc(B) behavior acquired by both transport and magnetization
measurements. All of the parameters have clear physical interpretations; zero field critical current (Jc0),
irreversibility field (Birr), and steepness factor (α). The temperature dependence of these parameters for
obtaining critical surfaces for the samples is further discussed. The series of samples were all
previously manufactured without any additions and the precursor powder was either in situ or a 60%-
40% mixture of in situ and ex situ powders, respectively. All the samples were monofilamentary tapes
in a titanium sheath. In addition to the differences in core composition, various fabrication routes were
utilized in manufacturing. After rotary swaging and two-axial rolling, some of the tapes were
uniaxially or cold isostatically pressed. All the samples went through the same heat treatment at 650
°C for 30 minutes. The first results indicated that the simple Jc(B)-model is usable for different kinds
of tapes and measurement methods in various temperatures. It also enables the reconstruction of the
Jc(B)-dependence even from a limited number of data points or a short measurement range.
S-O-116

Superconducting properties of MgB2/Ti wires with oxidized precursors

M. KULICH1, P. KOVAC1, W. HAESSLER2, M. HERRMANN2, A. KARIO2 and I. HUSEK1


1
Institute of Electrical Engineering of Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, SLOVAKIA
2
Institute for Metallic Materials, Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research Dresden, GERMANY
miloslav.kulich@savba.sk

Effect of different types of precursor condition before filling of Ti tubes was studied by
transport, magnetic and structural analyses. We compared each behavior between milled (M) and just
mixed (X) precursors, all done in Ar atmosphere. First type – reference precursor (RM and RX) – was
handled and filled into Ti tube in the inert atmosphere of glove-box. Second type was oxidized
precursor which was expressed to air for 2 days at room temperature (AM and AX). The oxidation of
the last precursor was performed by heating at 400oC for 2 hours in air. Importance of using inert
atmosphere during preparation of in situ MgB2 samples was discussed.
S-O-117

Vortex structure in superconducting iron pnictide single crystals 122 and 1111 type

L.YA. VINNIKOV1, T.M. ARTEMOVA1, I.S. VESHCHUNOV1, N.D. ZHIGADLO2,


J. KARPINSKI2, P. POPOVICH3, G.L. SUN3, CH.T. LIN3 and A.V. BORIS3,4
1
Institute of Solid State Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow Region, 142432 RUSSIA
2
Laboratory for Solid State Physics, ETH Z¨urich, 8093 Z¨urich, SWITZERLAND
3
Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research Heisenbergstr. 1, D-70569 Stuttgart, GERMANY
4
Department of Physics, Loughborough University, Loughborough, LE11 3TU, UNITED KINGDOM
veshchunov2009@yandex.ru

The vortex structures were observed in a new family of FeAs based superconductors on 122
type Ba1-xKxFe2As2, Sr1-xKxFe2As2 single crystals and 1111 type SmFeAsO1-xFx single crystals by
decoration method [1]. Strongly disordered vortex lattices were revealed at all the magnetic fields
investigated (up to 200 Oe). The decoration patterns are very similar to what was observed recently in
Ba(Fe0.93Co0.07)2As2 single crystals [2,3]. This highly disordered vortex configuration, most likely due
to strong pinning in these materials, is discussed.

[1] L. Ya. Vinnikov, T. M. Artemova, I. S. Veshchunov, N. D. Zhigadlo, J. Karpinski, P. Popovich, D.


L. Sun, C. T. Lin, A. V. Boris, ―Vortex structure in superconducting iron pnictide single crystals‖,
JETP Lett. Vol.90, 4, 299 (2009).
[2] M. R. Eskildsen, L. Ya. Vinnikov, T. D. Blasius, I. S. Veshchunov, T. M. Artemova, J. M.
Densmore, C. D. Dewhurst, N. Ni, A. Kreyssig, S. L. Bud‘ko, P. C. Canfield, and A. I. Goldman,
Phys. Rev. B 79, 100501(R) (2009).
[3] M.R. Eskildsen, L.Ya. Vinnikov, I.S. Veshchunov, T.M. Artemova , T.D. Blasius, J.M. Densmore,
C.D. Dewhurst, N. Ni, A. Kreyssig, S.L. Bud‘ko, P.C. Canfield, A.I. Goldman,
Physica C 469, pp. 529–534 (2009).
S-O-118

Influence of intra cell coupling and inter cell resonant tunneling on the electronic spectra in
bilayer high Tc cuprates

AJAY 1, B.S.TEWARI 2 and GOVIND 3


1
Department of Paper Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Saharanpur Campus-Saharanpur -247001,
U.P., INDIA
2
Department of Physics, Skyline Institute of Engineering and Technology, Greater Noida-201306, U.P., INDIA
3
National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K.S.Krishnan Marg, New Delhi-110012, INDIA
ajphyfpt@iitr.ernet.in ajay_phys@yahoo.co.in

The role of intra unit cell coupling along with inter unit cell resonant tunneling between the
copper-oxygen planes on the electronic spectral function in normal state of bilayer high Tc cuprates
like Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x is investigated[1-3]. The Hubbard model including terms representing hopping
between the planes within the unit cell, and resonant tunneling between the planes in two adjoining
cells is used along with the Green‘s function equation of motion approach to obtain an expression of
spectral function. The spectral function at (π,0) point of the Brillouin zone is numerically calculated. It
is found that the intra unit cell coupling lead to splitting of spectral peak especially close to (π,0) point,
while the inter unit cell resonant tunneling lead to a broadening in the spectral function and
suppression of bilayer splitting in the normal state. In the presence of finite electron correlations the
inter unit cell tunneling induce strong broadening in the spectral features. The electron correlations and
inter unit cell tunneling play a role in determining the shape of the spectral function in optimal doped
bilayer cuprates[4,5]. These results are viewed in terms of the existing ARPES measurements.

[1] A. Damacelli, Z. Hussain and Z.X. Shen, Rev. Mod. Phys. 75, 473 (2003).
[2] R. Lal, Ajay, R.L. Hota, and S.K. Joshi, Phys. Rev. B 57, 6126 (1998).
[3] Ajay, A. Pratap and S.K. Joshi, Physica C 371, 139 (2002).
[4] A.A. Abrikosov , Phys. Rev. B 55, 11735 (1997).
[5] B.S. Tewari, A. Dhyani and Ajay, Eur. Phys. J. B 66, 67 (2008).
SUPERCONDUCTIVITY

POSTER PRESENTATIONS
S-P-001

Vortex pairs in inhomogeneous superconductors films

L.V.BELEVTSOV and A.A.KOSTIKOV

Department of Applied Mathematics, Donbass Engineering Academy, 84313 Kramatorsk, UKRAINE


alex.kostikov@dgma.donetsk.ua

The dynamics of flux vortices in ordinary as well as high Tc superconducting films under the
influence of external probes and for a wide range of temperatures has been an area of vigorous
experimental and theoretical research [1]. On the other hand, the microwave power absorption in
inhomogeneous superconductors is widely studied [2]. Because of the potential applications, it is
important to study the properties of a general 2D-dimensional array of Josephson junctions shunted by
resistance (R), capacitance (C), and with inductance (L), together with inclusion of some random
variations of the junction parameters.
As a first step, in this paper we consider a hypervortex pair and a vortex-antivortex system in
order to study the motion of the hypervortex under the influence of the force due another nearby
hyperantivortex . It was shown the possibility to study of hypervortex pairs by the microwave power
absorption. The interaction energy of vortex-antivortex pair has been obtained from a distance between
the hypervortices.

[1] G. Blatter, M.V. Feigel'man, V.B. Geshkenbein, A.I. Larkin, and V.M. Vinokur, Rev. Mod. Phys.
66, 1125 (1994).
[2] J. Stankowski, P.K. Kahol, N.S. Dalal, J.S. Moodera, Phys. Rev.B 36, 7126 (1987).
S-P-002

Transport properties of over-doped epitaxial NCCO films

A. GUARINO1,2, C. CIRILLO1,2, A. LEO1, G. GRIMALDI1, A. POLCARI1,3, R. FITTIPALDI1,


C. ATTANASIO1,2, P. ROMANO1,3, A. ROMANO1,2, A. VECCHIONE1 and A. NIGRO1,2
1
CNR-INFM, Regional Laboratory SuperMat, Via S. Allende, I- 84081, Baronissi (SA) ITALY
2
Physics Department E. R. Caianiello, Università di Salerno, I- 84081 Baronissi (SA) ITALY
3
Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche ed Ambientali, Via Port’Arsa 11, Universitá del Sannio, I-82100 Benevento ITALY
guarino@sa.infn.it

The superconducting and normal state transport properties of overdoped Nd2-xCexCuO4-


(NCCO) c-axis oriented superconducting thin films, with x=0.17, have been investigated in the
temperature range from 2.5 K to 300 K and in applied magnetic fields up to 7 T oriented perpendicular
to the CuO2 planes. The films have been grown by a dc sputtering technique by using a homemade
single target of the stoichiometric compound in on axis configuration [1]. The samples have been
optimized on (001)-oriented SrTiO3 substrates in a mixed atmosphere of Argon and Oxygen and
successively annealed in pure Argon at 900°C [2]. Structural and compositional analyses were carried
out by means of X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy equipped with a wavelength
dispersive spectroscopy detector [2]. In this work, the temperature and magnetic field dependence of
the current–voltage (I–V) characteristics of the NCCO films have been measured in order to study the
critical current density Jc(T,H) [3, 4]. Moreover, the behaviour of the low-temperature magneto-
resistance in the normal state has been acquired and discussed on the basis of a field tuned
superconductor-insulator transition and weak localization [5, 6].

[1] S. Uthayakumar, R. Fittipaldi, A. Guarino, A. Vecchione, A. Romano, A. Nigro, H.-U.


Habermeier, S. Pace, Physica C 468, 2271 (2008).
[2] A. Guarino, Investigation of the electron-doped cuprate Nd2-xCexCuO4±: from thin films growth
and characterization to spectroscopic analysis, Tesi di Dottorato di Ricerca, Università di Salerno,
2009.
[3] C. Cirillo, A. Guarino, A. Nigro, and C. Attanasio, Phys. Rev. B 79, 144524 (2009).
[4] C. Attanasio, C. Cirillo, A. Guarino, A. Leo, S. L. Prischepa, A. Nigro, Proceeding in Physics
Chemistry and Application of Nanostructures 224 (2009).
[5] S. J. Hagen, X. Q. Xu, W. Jiang, J. L. Peng, Z. Y. Li, and R. L. Greene, Phys. Rev. B 45, 515
(1992).
[6] C. Barone, A. Guarino, A. Nigro, A. Romano, S. Pagano, Phys. Rev. B 80, 1 (2009).
S-P-003

Structural and transport properties of different doping states induced by varying oxygen in
Bi2Sr2Ca2(Cu0.99Zn0.01)2O6+d thin film

A.V. POP 1, I. MATEI1, M. POP2 and H. RAFFY3


1
Faculty of Physics, University Babes-Bolyai, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, ROMANIA
2
Technical University Cluj-Napoca, Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Materials Engineering
Processing, Technical University, 400641Cluj-Napoca ,ROMANIA
3
Laboratoire de Physique des Solides,C.N.R.S. Universite Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay Cedex, FRANCE
avpop@phys.ubbcluj.ro

Superconducting thin film Bi2Sr2Ca2 (Cu1-xZnx)2O 6+d (with x = 0.01), was deposited onto
SiTiO3 by RF magnetron sputtering. The optimally doped state Tc(R=0) = 78 K is obtained for the state
named in-situ, and the underdoped states are subsequently achieved by progressively removing oxygen
through repeated vacuum annealing treatments.
The orientation and phase purity of the film was analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) with θ-
2θ, ω and θ scans. The peaks symmetry and their linewidth suggest the absence of intergrowth, and the
presence only of (00l) shows the c-axis orientation of Bi-2212 film.
Different doping states of the film were attained by annealing under vacuum. To characterize
the quantitative degree of underdoping, we performed Hall effect measurements at room temperature
using a magnetic field of 1 Tesla. After each treatment, the Hall constant at 300K and R(T) were
measured. More than 21 doping states from overdoped to underdoped were performed successively
and reversibly across the phase diagram.
It was observed in Bi2Sr2CaCu2Oy and Bi2Sr1.6La0.4CuOy thin films [1,4], that in the vicinity of
critical given hole content pc there is an interval of doping where the resistance curve R(T) exhibits the
so-called reentrant resistive behavior. In the present study, the re-entrant behavior of Bi:2212 thin film
was obtained by decreasing Tc by partial substitution of Cu by Zn in CuO2 layers, and by controlling
the oxygen content in BiO charge reservoir. Transport properties were investigated in the vicinity of
the superconductor–insulator (SIT) transition by resistivity function of temperature. This re-entrant
behaviour in R(T) is discussed in relation by a phase segregation phenomenon in the presence of strong
electronic correlations and inhomogeneities. A phase diagram for the dependence of characteristic
temperatures of reentrant behavior versus doping was obtained.

[1] Z.Konstantinovic , Z.Z.Li and H.Raffy , Physica C 341-348, 859 (2000).


[2] L. Fruchter, Z. Z. Li and H. Raffy, Cond-mat. super-cond, 9 Sept.2008,arXiv 0809 1597v1
[3] I.Matei, Z.Z.Li, H.Raffy, Journal of Physics:ConferenceSeries 150, 052154 (2009).
[4] S.Oh , T.A.Crane , D.J.Van Harlingen and J.N.Eckstein, Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 107003 (2006).
S-P-004

Influence of grain size on the superconductivity of La1.85Sr0.15CuO4

DEVINA SHARMA1, RANJAN KUMAR1, V.P.S. AWANA2 and H. KISHAN2


1
Department of Physics, Panjab University, Chandigrah- 160014, INDIA
2
National Physical Laboratory (CSIR), Dr. K.S. Krishnan Marg, New Delhi-110012, INDIA
sharmadevina@yahoo.com

The superconductivity of samples with different grain size has been directly investigated and
identified in La2-xSrxCuO4 (x=0.15). La1.85Sr0.15CuO4 prepared by sol-gel method, was sintered at
various temperatures to produce samples of different grain size. Using the sol-gel method, we were
able to produce samples with improved homogeneity as compared to the solid state method. The
orthorhombic single phase of all the samples was confirmed by X-ray diffraction (Fig.1). The electrical
resistivity measurement revealed that the decreasing grain size leads to the lowering of the
superconducting transition temperature and broadening of the transition width (Fig.2). Also, the
normal state resistivity decreases with the grain size. ). The size of the particles was also examined
using scanning electron microscopy (Fig.3a,b).The grain size dependence on the superconducting
parameters is explained by a theoretical model which took the granular structure of the samples into
account.
The formation of superconductor (grain)-insulator(grainboundary)-superconductor(grain)
junctions with varying contributions of grain boundary channels due the change in particle size can
phenomenologically explain the results.
S-P-005

Properties of the YBaCuO superconducting ceramic doped by Ca and Co

E.H. BOUDJEMA 1, M. MAHTALI 1, S. CHAMEKH 1 and A. TAOUFIK2


1
Thin Films and Interfaces Laboratory, Department of Physics, University Mentouri, Constantine, 25000 ALGERIA
2
Equipe des Matériaux Supraconducteurs à Haute Tc .Université IBN ZOHR, Faculté des Sciences, BP 8106, 8000,
Agadir. MAROCCO
eh_Boudjema@yahoo.fr

In layered cuprate YBaCuO superconductors, the Superconductivity is believed to occur in the


Cu(2)–O2 sheets through hole charge carriers. The Carrier concentration can be widely changed
without introducing significant disorder. This makes them a suitable system for the study of impurity
effect on superconducting properties. It is known that few Cu atoms in Y123 can be replaced by the
Transition metals which generally have a great effect on Y123‘s properties. While, rare-earth elements
substitute for Y and Ba atoms and have a small effect on the superconducting transition temperature.
The substituent elements (as Zn atoms) mainly take the Cu (2) sites in the CuO 2 planes. While Co
atoms occupy the Cu(1) sites in the CuO chains. Such substitutions may be useful in understanding the
mechanism of superconductivity in these materials. In this paper, we have investigated on the effect of
Ca and Co substitution on the structural and physical properties for a series of (Y1-
xCax)Ba2(Cu0,98Co0,02)3O7-δ ceramic. The Ca YBC(Co)O Doped samples are prepared by conventional
solid state reaction method and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron
Microscopy (SEM), Thermogravimetry (TG), Differential Thermal Analysis method (DTA) and
resistivity measurements.
S-P-006

Effect of Zn, Ni and Fe impurities on Bi2Sr1.6La0.4CuO6+δ

H. NAKAMURA1, H. FUNAHASHI1, M. FUJIMOTO1, M. IGUCHI1, T. YAMASAKI1,


T. MACHIDA2, T. KATO1 and H. SAKATA1
1
Department of Physics, Tokyo University of Science,1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, JAPAN
2
Superconducting Materials Center, National Institute for Materials Science,1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba,
Ibaraki 305-0047, JAPAN
j1209622@ed.kagu.tus.ac.jp

The effect of Zn, Ni and Fe substitution for Cu in Bi2Sr1.6La0.4CuO6+δ were investigated both
macroscopically and microscopically: the reduction of the transition temperature was measured by the
resistivity and the susceptibility measurements, and the local density of states near the impurity sites
were observed by the scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy. Systematic reduction of the
transition temperature with increasing impurity density up to 1% was observed in each impurity doped
sample. In Zn substituted sample, the local peak in the density of states below 10 meV was observed
near the impurity site. This local electric structure is compared to that of the samples with Ni, Fe
impurities and to that of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ reported previously.
S-P-007

Impact of CNT addition on superconducting critical parameters of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8

J.K. BAINS1,2, P.K. AHLUWALIA2 , V.P.S. AWANA1 and H. KISHAN1


1
National Physical Laboratory (CSIR), Krishnan Marg, New Delhi-11001, INDIA
2
Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla-171005, INDIA
bainsjk@mail.nplindia.ernet.in

We have synthesized the samples of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8 (Bi-2212) and Carbon Nano Tune (CNT)
added Bi-2212 with varying concentrations (2, 4, 6 and 8 weight percent). The Bi-2212 samples are
prepared by solid-state synthesis route [1]. The room temperature XRD patterns confirmed the
obtained single phase. The prepared samples of Bi-2212 then are mixed with varying concentration of
CNT as given above, using ultrasonic mixing technique to ensure the proper homogeneity of CNT in
the samples. The as mixed powders are then pressed into pellets at 100N/cm2. These pellets are then
heated to 750oC at 5oC/ min and then sintered at 750oC for 24 hours and then cooled slowly to room
temperature in argon (Ar) atmosphere. Also one pellet of the Bi-2212 pure sample is processed by
usual partially melted route [2]. A comparison of superconducting properties is done between pure and
CNT added Bi-2212 samples. It is observed that addition of CNT into Bi-2212 matrix enhances the
critical current density (Jc) and Tc in magnetic field (TcR=0). The observed results can be explained in
terms of the improved pinning of vortices by CNT addition [3].

[1] V. P. S. Awana et al., J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 7, L171 (1995).


[2] V.P.S. Awana et al., J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 3, 8893-8901 (1991).
[3] Sun-Li Huang et al., Physica C 311, 172–186 (1999).
S-P-008

The influence of magnetic stray field on the critical current in NbN/SmCo5-bilayers

J. ENGELMANN, S. HAINDL, J. MOENCH, L. SCHULTZ and B. HOLZAPFEL

IFW Dresden, P. O. Box 27 01 16, 01171 Dresden, GERMANY


j.engelmann@ifw-dresden.de

The coexistence of superconductivity (sc) and ferromagnetism (fm) in artificially grown


heterostructures, sc/fm-bilayers in the simplest case, leads to new interesting phenomena like field
compensation- and stray field effects. The intermetallic permanent magnet SmCo5 is especially known
for its large magnetic anisotropy energy. Thin films of SmCo5 have been prepared with extremely high
coercivity fields up to 3 T (at room temperature) and up to 5 T at 10 K. To investigate the influence of
the magnetic stray field on a conventional superconductor, 50 nm NbN layers have been grown on
SmCo5 thin films using pulsed laser deposition (PLD). The magnetic properties were determined by
VSM and MFM measurements. Critical current measurements were made by a standard four-probe
technique. The angular-dependent critical current has been investigated.
S-P-009

Magnetic and electrical properties of superconducting ceramic YBa2Cu307-δ co-doped


by Ca and Zn

M. MAHTALI1, E. H. BOUDJEMA1, S. CHAMEKH1, L. BOUAFIA1 and A. TAOUFIK2


1
Department of Physics, Université Mentouri, Route Ain El Bey 25000, constantine, ALGÉRIE
2
Equipe des Matériaux Supraconducteurs à Haute Tc. Université Ibn Zohr, Faculté des Sciences, BP 8106, 8000, Agadir.
MAROC.
msmahtali@yahoo.fr

Ceramics type Y1-xCaxBa2(Cu0.98 Zn0.02)3O7-δ were prepared by the standard method of the
solid state reaction from a powder mixture Y2O3-BaCO3-CuO-ZnO-CaCO3. The structural, magnetic
and electrical properties of elaborated samples were studied according to Ca content ( 0  x  0.5 ) for a
Zn fixed doping. The characterization has been achieved with the help of the X-rays diffraction
(XRD), the electronic beam microscopy (SEM), the differential thermal measurements (DTA; GTA),
and the DC susceptibility. We also report measurement and calculations of the relationship between
the low field cycle and the normal state resistivity of the weak link network, the magnetic critical
current of the weak link. X-ray diffraction patterns revealed that single phase materials result only for
x<0.3. The obtained crystalline structure is mainly orthorhombic. The DC susceptibility measurements
show that the superconducting volume fraction decreases with increasing of Ca doping until x=0.3,
then increases again for x=0.4. Further, we have found that granular superconductors exhibit a low
field hysteresis cycle which related to the weak link network and to the macroscopic shape of the
sample.
S-P-010

Superconductive and magnetic properties of Bi2Sr2Ca2Cu3O10+δ ceramics doped by Pb

M. MAHTALI1, E.H. BOUDJEMA1, S. CHAMEKH1, L. BOUAFIA1 AND A. TAOUFIK2


1
Département de Physics, Université Mentouri, 25000, Constantine, ALGÉRIE
2
Equipe des Matériaux Supraconducteurs à Haute Tc. Université Ibn Zohr, Faculté des Sciences, BP 8106, 8000, Agadir.
MAROC.
msmahtali@yahoo.fr

Among the superconducting phases of bismuth-based Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O, compound


Bi2Sr2Ca2Cu3O10+δ (Bi-2223) is the most interesting because of its relatively high critical temperature
(TC = 95-110 K) and numerous applications. However, this phase is also known for its low stability
and the difficulty of purifying parasites phases including the Bi-2212. To this end, the Pb used in
relatively high proportions can stabilize, purify and improve the further enhancement of TC. The
influence of Pb on structural, superconducting and magnetic properties has been extensively
investigated in Bi-2223 phase. Polycrystalline Bi2-XPbXSr2Ca2Cu3O10+δ ceramics with 0<x< 1 have
been prepared by solid state reaction method and characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD),
scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electrical resistivity measurements and AC susceptibility versus
temperature measurements. The specimens are sintered in two sintering stages in order to enhance the
formation of the 2223 phases. Structural analysis shows that the obtained crystalline structure is
mainly tetragonal. For low Pb amounts the Bi-2223 phase is difficult to achieve without Bi-2212
phase, and for high Pb content a large fraction of secondary phases containing Pb is detected. Our
results confirm that the optimal Pb content for obtaining a Bi-2223 single phase is x= 0.3, 0.4. For
these values the critical transition temperature TC is the best with a single transition.
S-P-011

Characterization of YBCO thin film by AC susceptibility measurements

S. TOZAN, S. SEZER and D. ABUKAY

Department of Physics, Izmir Institute of Technology, Urla 35430, Izmir, TURKEY


serifetozan@iyte.edu.tr

We have fabricated YBa2Cu3O7−δ (YBCO) superconducting thin films on (100) MgO


substrates by pulsed laser deposition(PLD).The electrical property and the structural characteristics of
YBCO films have been studied by susceptibility, R–T measurement and X-ray diffraction, EDX and
AFM [1]. The temperature dependence of AC susceptibility of YBa2Cu3O7−δ thin film have been
measured as a function of frequency and AC field amplitude. The real, or in-phase component and the
imaginary, or out of-phase, component of the complex susceptibility have been measured a computer
program which is Labview designed specially for our subject. The critical temperature, T c , critical
current density, Jc , and electrical resistivity are calculate from experiment data [2,3].

[1] P.N. Arendt, S.R. Foltyn, L. Civale, R.F. DePaula, P.C. Dowden, J.R. Groves, T.G. Holesinger,
Q.X. Jia, S. Kreiskott, L. Stan, I. Usov, H. Wang and J. Y. Coulter, Physica C 412-414,795-800(2004).
[2] E. Pardo, A. Sanchez, and E. Bartolomé, Applied Physics Letters 89, 072501 (2006).
[3] H. Salamati and P. Kameli, Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 278(1),237-243(2004).
S-P-012

Characterization of Lu Doped YBCO thin films prepared by Pulsed Laser Deposition in situ
technique (PLD)

S. SEZER, S. TOZAN and D.ABUKAY

Department of Physics, İzmir Yüksek Teknoloji Enstitüsü, 35430, İzmir, TURKEY


sirvansezer@iyte.edu.tr

We have fabricated Lu doped YCBO thin films deposited on MgO substrates by using a
standard pulsed laser deposition (PLD) working with an Excimer laser of =248 nm and 125 mJ/pulse.
Pulsed laser deposition (PLD) is one of the most convenient methods to obtain thin ※lms of this
material [3].We have used an in situ process to achieve epitaxial growth of YBCO thin films, with
high Jc values and a smooth surfaces that are convenient for device applications.
It‘s known that YBCO thin films grown by in situ PLD method have high critical current
density(Jc) and high Tc around 90K.We have tried to find out the effect of Lutetium on Jc and Tc
before and after annealing process. We have used a Lu doped YBCO target during the process. After
deposition the films are annealed at temperatures between 760°C - 800°C with 250 mTorr pressure in
oxygen in the chamber [2,3]. Substrates are glued with silver paste onto a sample holder which is in
contact with a heater. We have used different laser fluencies from 2 J/cm2 to 6 J/cm2. Characterization
of the samples were done by R(T), AC-susceptibility, XRD, EDX and AFM measurements.

[1] M Li, B Ma, R E Koritala, B L Fisher, K Venkataraman, U Balachandran, Supercond.Sci.Technol.


16, 105-109 (2003).
[2] Maria Branescu, A Vailionis, I. Ward, J Huh, G Socol, Applied Surface Science 252, 4573-4577
(2006).
[3] M Branescu, I Ward, J Huh, Y Matsushita, G Zeltzer, Journal of Physics; Conference Series 94,
012007 (2008).
S-P-013

Impurity-related local density-of-states modulation in Bi2Sr2Ca(Cu1-xZnx)2O8+ probed by


scanning tunneling spectroscopy

T. MACHIDA1, T. KATO2, H. NAKAMURA2, M. FUJIMOTO2, T. MOCHIKU1, S. OOI1,


H. SAKATA2 and K. HIRATA1
1
Superconducting Materials Center, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-2-1 Sengen,
Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047 JAPAN
2
Department of Physics, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8601, JAPAN
MACHIDA.Tadashi@nims.go.jp

We have performed scanning tunneling spectroscopy on a single crystal of Bi 2Sr2Ca(Cu1-


xZnx)2O8+ (x = 0.005). We found several regions where at least two Zn impurities collect within a few
nm. In these regions, there are two dimensional local density-of-states (LDOS) modulations with the
period of about √2a0 (a0 is Cu-O-Cu distance) along the direction tilted 45˚ from Cu-O-Cu direction at
the energy of below ± 10 meV. Since these modulations are suppressed in a map of the ratio between
LDOS at a positive energy (+E) and that at its negative (-E), it can be considered that these
modulations do not stem from the quasiparticle interference whose pattern should be emphasized in the
ratio map. In the presentation, we will show the details of the LDOS modulations and discuss its
origin.
S-P-014

Adjustment of doping level of as-grown Bi2212 single crystals for the generation of terahertz
radiation

Y. DEMIRHAN1, Z. MERIC1, F. TURKOGLU1, H. KOSEOGLU1,


M. MINEMATSU2, H. ARAKI2, N. MIYAKAWA2, Y. SIMSEK3, P. MULLER3 and L. OZYUZER1
1
Department of Physics, Izmir Institute of Technology (IZTECH), 35430, Izmir, TURKEY
2
Department of Applied Physics, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo, JAPAN
3
Department of Physics, University of Erlangen-Nurnberg, GERMANY
yasemindemirhan@iyte.edu.tr

THz electromagnetic radiations are more versatile in sensing, imaging, and spectroscopy
applications across the physical and biological sciences. There is still lack of coherent, continuous,
tunable and compact solid-state sources of electromagnetic radiation at THz frequency range.
Recently, the observation of THz radiation from intrinsic Josephson junction (IJJ) made
Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ (Bi2212) single crystals better candidate to generate THz emission [1]. Bi2212 high
temperature superconductor single crystals include natural superconductor-insulator superconductor
multi-junctions called intrinsic Josephson junctions. Their energy gap intervals are available for
radiations at THz frequency range. They were used as a converter from DC-voltage to high frequency
radiation. It is shown that, all of the THz emitting rectangular mesa structures are below a certain
underdoped level of Bi2212 single crystal [2]. So in this work, we annealed the as-grown crystals
under high vacuum at 500 °C for 6 hrs and Argon flow at 400 °C for 48 hrs to obtain underdoped
Bi2212 single crystals. Crystals of a typical size of 1x1 mm2 were glued on sapphire substrates with
silver epoxy. In order to get a fresh surface, the crystal was cleaved and then a gold layer (~100 nm)
was deposited immediately using evaporation technique. To obtain natural IJJ stacks with various size
(e.g. 60 x 300 m2) and height, mesa on Bi2212 were fabricated using photolithography and argon ion
beam etching techniques. Surface profilometer was used for height measurements. We measured
temperature dependence of c-axis resistivity and I-V tunneling characteristics of mesa stacks from
room temperature to below Tc. During I-V measurements, we have also searched for the THz emission
from mesas using Si bolometer.

[1] L. Ozyuzer, A. E. Koshelev, C. Kurter, N. Gopalsami, Q. Li, M. Tachiki, K. Kadowaki, T.


Tamamoto, H. Minami, H. Yamaguchi, T. Tachiki, K. E. Gray, W. K. Kwok and U. Welp, Science
318, 1291 (2007).
[2] L. Ozyuzer, Y. Simsek, H. Koseoglu, F. Turkoglu, C. Kurter, U. Welp, A. E. Koshelev, K. E.
Gray, W. K. Kwok, T. Yamamoto, K. Kadowaki, Y. Koval, H. B. Wang, P. Müller, Supercond. Sci.
and Technol. 22,114009 (2009).

* The research is partially supported by TUBITAK (Scientific and Technical Research Council of
Turkey) project number 108T238.
S-P-015

Doping-dependent phase diagram of Ca-doped YBCO observed by femtosecond spectroscopy

Y.-J. CHEN1, K.H. WU1, C.W. LUO1, J.-Y. LIN2, J.Y. JUANG1 and T.M. UEN1
1
Department of Electrophysics, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, R.O.C.
2
Institute of Physics, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, R.O.C.
heero.ep95g@nctu.edu.tw

The quasiparticle relaxation dynamics in a single (001) Ca-doped YBCO (Y0.7Ca0.3Ba2Cu3O7-δ)


superconducting thin film was probed by using the femtosecond time-resolved spectroscopy. The
(001) Y0.7Ca0.3Ba2Cu3O7-δ thin film was prepared on a (100)STO substrate by pulsed laser deposition.
Through controlling the oxygen pressure and the annealing temperature within quartz tube, the doping
level (0.08 < p < 0.22) in the phase diagram could be widely tuned from the overdoped region to the
underdoped region with varying the hole concentration (p) in a single sample. In the overdoped region,
two different components (positive/negative) were obviously identified in the transient reflectivity
curves (R/R). The negative component in R/R emerges at T<Tc and quickly defeated by the
development of the positive component. The dramatic change in the positive component of R/R
arises well below Tc. However, this anomaly change does not appear in the underdoped region. Only
the positive R/R was clearly observed at whole temerpatures. These results indicate that the scenario
of high-Tc superconductivity in the overdoped region would be different from the underdoped region.
S-P-016

Ultrafast dynamics in optimally doped YBa2Cu3O7-δ observed with white light pump-probe
spectroscopy

Y.T. WANG1,Y.H.LEE1, Y.-J.CHEN1, W.T. TSUNG1, C.W. LUO1, A. YABUSHITA1, K.H. WU1,
J.–Y. LIN2, J.Y. JUNG1, T.M. UEN1 and T. KOBAYASHI1, 3, 4, 5
1
Department of Electrophysics, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, TAIWAN
2
Institute of Physics, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, TAIWAN
3
ICORP, JST, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, JAPAN
4
Department of Applied Physics and Chemistry and Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, 1-5-
1 Chofugaoka, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585, JAPAN
5
Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0971, JAPAN
wongmom.ep97g@nctu.edu.tw

The quasiparticle relaxation dynamics in optimal doped (001) YBa2Cu3O7-δ thin films were
measured at various temperatures by white light pump-probe technique. The ultrafast 2D spectroscopy
with broadband (~200 nm) and high time-resolution (~9 fs) performed in this study are from the non-
collinear optical parametric amplifier (NOPA) [1]. The relaxation time and the amplitude of the
transient absorbance change (ΔA) are strong probe-wavelength-dependent. The maximum ΔA appears
at around 620 nm which corresponds to the transition between the Fermi level and the UHB (upper
Hubbard band). Furthermore, the oscillations with ~150 cm-1 at 550 nm, 650 nm, and 690 nm have
been clearly observed in the Fourier transformed graph of the ultrafast 2D spectroscopy, that are
consistent with the phonon modes in Raman-scattering spectra [2,3].

[1] T. Kobayashi and A. Baltuska, Meas. Sci. Technol. 13, 1671 (2002).
[2] R. Liu, C. Thomsen, W. Kress, M. Cardona, and B. Gegenheimer, Phys. Rev. B 37, 7971 (1988).
[3] P. X. Zhang, T. Sekinger, U. Sticher, B. Leigold, H.–U. Habermeier, and M. Cardona, Physica C
282-287, 1047 (1997).
S-P-017

Josephson effect in point contacts between different two-band superconductors

A.N. OMELYANCHOUK and Y.S. YERIN

B.Verkin Institute for Low Temperature Physics and Engineering of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine,
UKRAINE
yerin@ilt.kharkov.ua

Discovery of high-temperature superconductivity in iron-based compounds have expanded a


range of multiband superconductors besides well-known magnesium diboride MgB2 with Тс=39 К.
The coexistence of two distinctive order parameters renewed interest in phase coherent effects in
superconductors. The Josephson Effect in superconducting junctions is the probe for research of these
phenomena.
In this paper we generalize KO theory [1,2] of stationary Josephson effect in point contacts for
the case of ―dirty‖ different two-band superconductors. Within the microscopic Usadel equations we
developed the microscopic theory of Josephson effect in point contacts between two-band
superconductors and obtained the general expression for the Josephson current, which is valid for
arbitrary temperatures, not only in the vicinity of Tc [3]. We calculated phase-current relations and
temperature dependence of critical current for point contacts, which connect two-band superconductors
with interband scattering effect and without one. It is shown that for both cases and for some values of
microscopic parameters of these superconductors the critical current can be negative, which means the
π-junction behavior. Moreover as have shown our calculations the situation when there is a switching
from a π-contact to ―ordinary‖ contact on increasing temperature is possible.

[1] I. О. Kulik, A. N. Omelyanchouk, Pis‘ma Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz. 21, 216 (1975).
[2] I. О. Kulik, A. N. Omelyanchouk, Fiz. Nizk. Temp. 4, 296 (1978).
[3] A.N. Omelyanchouk, Y.S. Yerin, arXiv:0910.1429.
S-P-018

c-axis tunneling of round mesas in high temperature superconductors for terahertz emission

Z. MERIC1, Y. DEMIRHAN1, F. TURKOGLU1, H. KOSEOGLU1, Y. SIMSEK2, P. MULLER2,


H. B. WANG3 and L. OZYUZER1
1
Department of Physics, Izmir Institute of Technology (IZTECH), 35430, Izmir, TURKEY
2
Department of Physics, University of Erlangen-Nurnberg, GERMANY
3
National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, JAPAN
zeynepmeric@iyte.edu.tr

The layered structure of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ (Bi2212) superconducting single crystals are natural
stacks of superconductor-insulator-superconductor (SIS) multi-junctions and are called intrinsic
Josephson junctions (IJJ). Bi2212 has large anisotropic structural and electrical properties are
considered an important source for superconductivity and device physics. IJJs can be used to generate
terahertz (THz) radiation that has potential application areas in materials characterization, biology,
communication, medicine and security. Recently, strong, continuous and monochromatic THz
radiation was generated by rectangular mesas of single crystal Bi2212 IJJ [1]. For the high power
emission of THz waves, both experimental and theoretical studies have been carried out. In this work,
we fabricated round mesas for the powerful THz emission which is proposed theoretically [2]. Round
IJJ mesas were obtained using vacuum deposition, e-beam lithography and argon ion beam etching
techniques. After the mesa fabrication, we characterized fabricated mesas. For the electrical
properties, temperature dependence of c-axis resistivity and I-V tunneling characteristics of mesa
stacks from room temperature to well below Tc were obtained. During I-V measurements, we have
also searched for the THz emission from mesas using Si bolometer.

The research is partially supported by TUBITAK (Scientific and Technical Research Council
of Turkey) project number 108T238.

[1] L. Ozyuzer, A. E. Koshelev, C. Kurter, N. Gopalsami, Q. Li, M. Tachiki, K. Kadowaki, T.


Tamamoto, H. Minami, H. Yamaguchi, T. Tachiki, K. E. Gray, W. K. Kwok and U. Welp, Science
318, 1291 (2007).
[2] X. Hu and S. Lin, Phys. Rev. B 80, 064516 (2009).
S-P-019

Behavior of trapping flux from minor hysteresis loops in superconducting Y0.928Pr0.072Ba2Cu3O7-x


single crystal

JINCANG ZHANG1, ZHENGPING QIN1, GANG JIN2, MIOAQIN CHEN1, XIN YAO3,
CHUANBING CAI1 and SHIXUN CAO1
1
Department of Physics, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, Shanghai, CHINA
2
Department of Physics, Zhoukou Nomal University, Zhoukou 466000, CHINA
3
Department of Physics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, CHINA
jczhang@staff.shu.edu.cn

The properties of the flux pinning are very important both for a better understanding of the
nature of the interaction causing pair formation in high-Tc superconductors and also for the material
applications. Among high-Tc superconductors, YBCO crystals with Pr ions doping are of particular
interest, providing a continuous variation of most superconducting properties by varying the structure
deficiency in the system. Particularly, the reduction of the critical temperature Tc, as compared with the
crystals without doping, allows a study of their rich magnetic phase diagram (H,T). And literatures
lack in flux dynamics studies of the temperature dependence of this feature in a wider range of the (H,
T) phase diagram for YBCO with Pr doped. Such study will certainly contribute to a better
understanding of the vortex dynamics in HTS‘s and is the subject of this work. In this paper, we
present our results of the minor magnetic hysteresis loop in superconducting Y0.928Pr0.072Ba2Cu3O7-x
(YPBCO) bulk single-crystal. The grown crystal was characterized by using XRD technique (Cu-Kα,
40 kW generator). The single diffraction peak of the (005) face was found for the crystal at room
temperature. The single crystal with a θ-scan full width at half maximum of 0.5° is also presented. Our
study shows that high-quality Pr-doped YBCO single crystal can be obtained by the TSSG method.
The critical temperature Tc was measured to be 86.2 K for the experimental YBCO single crystal. The
electric and magnetic measurements were made with the field parallel to the c axis. The single vortex
pinning regime has been obtained much more accurately than in previous work. In this work, The
minor magnetic hysteresis loops was systemically studied from the evolvement of magnetization
obtained in the whole range of measurement magnetic fields at 40 and 77 K for superconducting
Y0.928Pr0.072Ba2Cu3O7-x single crystal. The experimental single crystal sample was grown by the Top-
Seeded Solution Growth Method. The behavior of trapped flux was also shown as the magnetic field at
ascending and descending branches of the virgin loop. In order to explain the present experimental
results of the minor hysteresis loop, an average collectivity magnetization model is devised and a
certain crossover field Hcross was analyzed corresponding to the transition from the single vortex
pinning to the vortex-vortex interaction region. By introducing Hcross and an average magnetization of
the entire sample, substituting the actual flux distribution in the sample without considering flux jump,
creep, and the sample geometry, these make us to understand reasonably the difference between the
single vortex pinning and collectivity pinning easily. Furthermore, the collectivity magnetization, the
peak effect becomes reasonable for the existence of the repulsive force fr among vortex lines.These
make us to understand reasonably the difference between the single vortex pinning and collectivity
pinning. The present results will be very meaningful for understanding of the vortex dynamics in high-
Tc superconductor.
S-P-020

Low fields high harmonic response of the PMS polycrystalline superconductor in linearly
polarized and circularly polarized ac fields

I. METSKHVARISHVILI1, N. MARGIANI2, T. LOBZHANIDZE1, M. METSKHVARISHVILI3 and


Z. MIKAVA1
1
Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, Iv. Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi, 0128, Chavchavadze Ave.3,
GEORGIA
2
Department of Coherent and Quantum Optics, Institute of Cybernetics, S. Euli 5 st., Tbilisi, 0186, GEORGIA
3
Department of Physics, Georgian Technical University, Kostava st. 77, Tbilisi, 0175, GEORGIA
ioseb.metskhvarishvili@tsu.ge

PbMo6S8 polycrystalline superconductors have been studied in weak linearly polarized and
circularly polarized ac magnetic fields (0-1 Oe) with existence of constant dc field (0-8 Oe).
In order to study the behavior of the critical current density of the Josephson junctions in a
linearly and circularly polarized ac fields, the method of high harmonics is used. We consider an
infinitely large slab in yz-plane having a thickness d along x-axis. We assume that the dc field is
directed along z-axis, while the ac field h(t)=cost lies in yz-plane and makes an angle  with respect
to H. In case of rotating ac magnetic field, the dependencies of z and y components of the odd and
even harmonics on the inclination angle y are different in the anisotropic and isotropic theoretical
models [1].
Numerical results of our Experiments with a linearly polarized oscillating field orientated at
various angles to a constant field and also with a rotating oscillating field superimposed on a constant
field have shown that the isotropic model is preferable for investigated sample.

[1] S. L Ginzburg et al, Supercond. Sci. Technol. 11, 255 (1998).


S-P-021

Influence of boron doping on transport properties of YBa2Cu3O7-y HTS

N.G. MARGIANI1, I.R. METSKHVARISHVILI2, I.A. MZHAVANADZE1, N.A. PAPUNASHVILI1


and V.V. ZHGAMADZE1
1
Department of Coherent and Quantum Optics, Institute of Cybernetics, S. Euli str. 5, Tbilisi, 0186, GEORGIA
2
Department of Physics, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, Iv. Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, Chavchavadze
Ave. 3, Tbilisi 0128, GEORGIA
nmargiani@gmail.com

The nominally pure and boron-doped YBa2Cu3BxO7-y samples with B-doping level x varying
between 0 and 0.15 were prepared by the solid state reaction. X-ray diffraction analysis shows that all
the obtained compounds are single YBa2Cu3O7-y phase. Temperature dependence of resistivity was
measured by the four-probe method. Superconducting transition and grain boundary critical current
density measurements were performed using contactless method of high harmonics. The small
additives of boron in YBa2Cu3BxO7-y (x= 0.025 and 0.05) does not essentially affect the critical
temperature Tc and it remains near 90 K. The high-level boron doping causes degradation of Tc and tail
remains on the (T) curve for x=0.15 at 65K. Lowest-level boron doping applied leads to a significant
improvement in Jc compared to the undoped sample (from 100 A cm-2 for a control sample to 147 A
cm-2 for a B-doped sample with x=0.025). Grain boundary critical current density decreases with
increasing boron doping amount. The obtained results indicate possibility of added dopant being
entered into the lattice-sites.
S-P-022

Influence of Ce substitution on superconducting properties of Bi2Sr2Ca2Cu3O10+ material


fabricated by glass-ceramic technique

R. OZTURK, M.A. AKSAN, M.E. YAKINCI and Y.BALCI

Inonu Universitesi, Fen Edebiyat Fakultesi, Fizik Bolumu 44280 Malatya, TURKEY
maksan@inonu.edu.tr

In this study, the samples with nominal composition of Bi2-xCexSr2Ca2Cu3O10+, where x=0,
0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 were fabricated by using conventional glass-ceramic technique. Effects of
the Ce substitution on the thermal, structural/microstructural and electrical properties of the Bi-2223
system have been investigated in detailed. The Ce substitution caused a glassification problem in the
system. The crystallization kinetics has been studied by non-isothermal DTA and TG analysis.
Crystallization activation energy, Ea, of the samples prepared was calculated between 410 and 345
kJ/mol, depending on the Ce concentration. XRD and SEM-EDX investigations showed that the Ce-
substituted samples had multiphase, complex and deformed structure. It was found that electrical
properties degraded with increasing the Ce concentration. Especially in high substitution level,
superconductivity was destroyed and an insulating behavior obtained.

This work was supported by the Research Fund of Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey, under
grant contracts no. 2008/42.
S-P-023

Some transport properties of high temperature superconductors

ALI IHSAN DEMIREL, ABUZER YAMAN, TUBA SARICA and HILAL SENEL

Yüzüncü Yıl University, Faculty of Sciences, Van, TURKEY


yaman@yyu.edu.tr & aidemirel@yyu.edu.tr

Charge transport mechanism includes electron and Cooper pair tunneling phenomena in
superconductors, and beyond that, in high temperature superconductors there are some processes,
occurring both above and below Tc, which provide additional information on transport in
superconductors. In this work we firstly investigated a model for ac current flow and then related this
subject parallel inductances, inductors, alternating current (ac) impedance, current density
equilibration, critical current, magnetoresistance, Hall effect (above Tc and below Tc), thermal
conductivity (in the normal state and below Tc), thermoelectric and thermomagnetic effects,
photoconductivity and transport entropy. These processes are also quite important to characterize
superconducting material and studied intensively by worldwide superconductor researchers on many
different superconductors. We present some useful collected data on this topic to help for interested
people for high temperature superconductivity.
S-P-024

Normal state electronic properties under applied magnetic fields of whiskers fabricated by Bi,
Ga and Sb doping

S. ALTIN, M. A. AKSAN, Y. BALCI, E. ALTIN and M. E. YAKINCI

Inonu Universitesi, Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi Fizik Bölümü, Süperiletkenlik Araştırma Grubu, 44280, Malatya, TURKEY
saltin@inonu.edu.tr

In this work, superconducting Bi-2212 whiskers have been fabricated by using Bi2(Bi, Ga,
Sb)Sr2Ca2Cu3O8+ compositions. Electronic properties of whiskers fabricated were investigated under
0-4 T applied magnetic fields. Tc values of whiskers fabricated were found to be dependent on applied
magnetic field and doping. Normal state resistivity of whiskers showed nonlinear dependence of
temperature. Resistivity of whiskers deviated above a certain temperature depending on doping
element and applied magnetic field. Zero resistivity after extrapolation on the normal state resistivity
gave at 1.1-11.8 K depends on doping element and applied magnetic fields.
S-P-025

Specific heat of spin-polarized Fermi superfluid in the BEC region

H. YAVARI

Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, IRAN


hs_yavary@phys.ui.ac.ir

The temperature dependence of the specific heat of an ultracold atomic Fermi gas with spin population
imbalance is investigated. To determine the specific heat of the system first we calculate the
thermodynamic of the system by using a many-body functional integral formalism. By separating of
the fermionic and bosonic parts of the thermodynamic potential the temperature dependence of
specific heat is evaluated. We show that the ferminic part of specific heat change exponentially while
bosonic part varies as power low (T 3) with temperature.
S-P-026

Power law dependences on I-V of Bi-2212 whiskers at low magnetic fields

S. ALTIN, M. A. AKSAN, Y. BALCI, E. ALTIN and M. E. YAKINCI

Inonu Universitesi, Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi Fizik Bölümü, Süperiletkenlik Araştırma Grubu, 44280, Malatya, TURKEY
saltin@inonu.edu.tr

Bi-2212 whiskers were fabricated by using glass-ceramics process. Tc value of whiskers


fabricated was found to be 80 K. I-V characteristics of Bi-2212 whiskers were determined at the range
of 5-75 K under low magnetic fields. The transport critical current density of whiskers was calculated
between 19-0.63 x104 A/cm2 at 5-50 K. I-V results were fitted using Levenberg-Marquardt technique.
Calculated results showed a deviation above certain magnetic fields from experimental data. Results
were discussed depend of on magnetic and electrical properties of superconductors.
S-P-027

AAO template-assisted fabrication of Nb nanohillock arrays

N. TASALTIN, S. OZTURK, N. KILINC and Z.Z. OZTURK

Gebze Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, 41400 Gebze-Kocaeli, TURKEY


ntasaltin@gmail.com

A fundamental problem in the field of nano-science research is to understand the nature of the
nanostructured materials. Especially, if the material such as Nb is superconductor a number of
interesting things happen which include superconductor-insulator transition, superconducting
transition temperature (Tc) and other superconducting parameters like upper critical field. Despite a
large number of theoretical as well as experimental works, a complete understanding of such system is
yet to be achieved. Niobium nanostructures compared to Nb thin films are ideal for several
superconducting devices for their robust superconductivity. Over the last several years, Nb
nanostructures have been fabricated by various methods. In this study, Nb nanohillock arrays were
fabricated with high surface area using AAO/Nb template. At first, AAO template was fabricated by
using a two-step anodization of an Al film deposited on Nb foil using evaporation method. Then, Nb
nanohillocks were obtained via anodization process as a nature of the Al-Nb binary. Fabrication of
AAO/Nb template and Nb nanohillocks were reported in details. The morphologies of the AAO/Nb
template and Nb nanohillock arrays were studied by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy
Dispersive X-Ray (EDX). As fabricated AAO/Nb template was observed approximately 55 nm in
diameters with 80 nm interpore distances, Nb nanohillocks were obtained approximately 50 nm in
diameters with high surface area. We could calculate the Nb nanohillocks density is approximately
1,2.1010 cm-2. We believe that, this method offers a new and convenient route to fabricate
superconductor nanostructure arrays and find potential applications.
S-P-028

c-axis anisotropy of ErNi2B2C single crystal

W.C. LEE

Department of Physics, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 140-74l, KOREA


wclee@sookmyung.ac.kr

The resistivities along c-axis ρc(H,T) of ErNi2B2C have been measured with applied magnetic
field H ┴ c and H∥c-axis for temperatures 2K < T < 300K and the superconducting upper critical
field Hc2(T) curves were constructed for each applied magnetic field directions. From these, we
estimated the dHc2/dT┃T=Tc values to be (-1.67 kG/K) and (-2.50 kG/K) for H ┴ c and H∥c-axis,
respectively and by using the relation of Hc2(0) = - 0.69Tc(dHc2/dT┃T=Tc ), the extrapolated Hc2(0)
values are obtained as 12.10 kG and 18.11 kG, which are estimated values ignoring the existence of
the antiferromagnetic ordering below Tc and its influence on Hc2. The estimated superconducting
coherence lengths, ξ = [φo/2πHc2(0)]1/2, are found to be 165 Å and 135 Å for H ┴ c and H∥c-axis,
respectively and the anisotropic factor defined as γ = (dHc2Hllc/dT┃T=Tc ) /( dHc2 H┴ c /dT┃T=Tc) is
1.50. The anisotropy in Hc2(T) curves from ρc(H,T) is similar to the result from ρab(H,T), which
explains the anisotropy and its temperature dependence of Hc2(T) are thought to arise from magnetic
pair breaking and the anisotropic field dependence of Neél temperature TN originated from Er+3
sublattice. Since the antiferromagnetic ordering in ErNi2B2C is 3-dimensional long range ordering, all
electrons in ρc(H,T) measurement are still under influence of magnetic Er+3 sublattice ,which means
the anisotropy and shapes of Hc2(T) curves in our ρc(H,T) maybe, also, can be explained by the
magnetic pair breaking and the anisotropic field dependence of TN originated from Er+3 sublattice, too
(depending on H ┴ c or H∥c-axis). However, more theoretical and experimental works are needed to
clarify the antiferromagnetic magnetic ordering effect quantitatively in Hc2(T) curves at low
temperature region (T ≤ 6 K).
S-P-029

Structural and transport properties of Bi(Pb)-2212 superconductors doped by low content of


yttrium

Y. BOUDJADJA1, A. AMIRA1, A. SAOUDEL1, A. VARILCI2, M. AKDOGAN2,


C. TERZIOGLU2, F. BOUAÏCHA3, N. BOUSSOUF3 and M.F. MOSBAH3
1
LEND, Faculty of Science and Technology, Jijel University, BP 98, 18000 Jijel, ALGERIA
2
Departement of Physics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Abant Izzet Baysal University, 14280 Bolu, TURKEY
3
LCMI, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Mentouri University, 25017 Constantine, ALGERIA
amira@mail.univ-jijel.dz & amira_abderrezak@yahoo.fr

In this work, a comparative study of the effect of doping by low content of Y3+ between (Ca
site) and out of (Sr site) the CuO2 planes of Bi(Pb)-2212 phase is presented. Ceramics of
Bi1.6Pb0.4Sr2Ca1-xYxCu2O8+ (called CY series) and Bi1.6Pb0.4Sr2-xYxCaCu2O8+ (called SY series) with
x=0, 0.025, 0.05, 0.075 and 0.1 are elaborated in air by conventional solid state reaction. They are
characterized by X ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electronic Microscopy (SEM), density, Vickers
microhardness and resistivity measurements.
The XRD analysis shows that the samples are of high purity. The refinement of cell parameters
is done by considering the structural modulation. In comparison with the undoped sample (x=0), the
cell parameters a, b and c are reduced by the doping for both series. This decrease is associated with
the lower ionic radii of Y3+ than those of the substituted Ca2+ and Sr2+ cations. The intensity of the
modulation vector increases as x is increased, a result which is in agreement with the oxygen model [1]
and other results obtained in La3+ [2] and Eu3+ [3] doped Bi-2201 phase. For all values of x, this vector
is higher for SY series. A good correlation between the variations of the bulk density and the Vickers
microhardness with x is obtained. These parameters are improved by Y3+ doping and are
approximately constant for 0.025≤x≤0.075. For both series, the SEM analysis shows that the doped
samples exhibit a reduced grain size than that of the undoped one, similarly to the result seen in Eu 3+
[4] and La3+ [5] doped phase at Sr and Ca sites, respectively. The variation of resistivity with
temperature shows that all samples exhibit a metallic-like character in the normal state. For all doping
levels, the CY series present higher onset critical transition temperature than that of the undoped
sample which is equal to 85.43 K. The opposite is obtained for SY series. The highest value of this
temperature is obtained for x=0.075 in the doped samples and is about 92.15 K and 79.96 K for CY
and SY series, respectively. These values may correspond to a near optimally doped state since the
slope (d/dT) of resistivity shows a maximum at the same value of x=0.075. For both series, when Y 3+
is introduced into the samples, the residual resistivity decreases first for x=0.025, and increases after
this value in an approximately linear manner until x=0.1. This resistivity is slightly greater for SY
series. A correlation between the structural and the transport properties is presented.

[1] H. W. Zandbergen, W.A. Groen, F.C. Mijlhoff, G.Van Tendelloo, S. Amelinckx, Physica C 156,
325 (1988).
[2] N.R. Khasanova, E.V. Antipov, Physica C 246, 241 (1995).
[3] A. Amira, F. Bouaïcha, N. Boussouf, M.F. Mosbah, Solid State Sciences, in press.
[4] P.M. Sarun, S. Vinu, R. Shabna, A. Biju, U. Syamaprasad, Materials Letters 62, 2725 (2008).
[5] A. Ait Kaki, F. Benmaamar, M.F. Mosbah, A. Amira, International Journal of Materials Researsh
100, 1226 (2009).
S-P-030

Effect of interband interaction on the thermal fluctuations in two-band superconductors

A. VARGUNIN, T. ÖRD and K. RÄGO

Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, 4 Tähe Street, 51010, Tartu, ESTONIA


bh@ut.ee

The extensions of BCS theory for multiple bands were known since the 1950s, but only recently,
after the general acceptance of the multi-gap superconductivity in MgB2, cuprates and iron-arsenic
systems, multi-component theoretical schemes become an object of growing interest. In connection
with the presence of interacting order parameters, the superconducting ordering, kinetics and
fluctuational properties of the multiband systems are quite different from the corresponding
characteristics in one-band superconductors. Nowadays, the examinations of the superconducting
peculiarities by means of the multiband models become very popular.
In the present contribution, we derive the partition function of the finite two-band superconductor
by means of the Hubbard-Stratonovich transformation and consider its thermodynamic properties in
the static path approximation. The heat capacity ∆c=c(T)-cn(T) of a bulk two-band superconductor
shows considerably non-monotone behavior in the temperature scale as a function of interband
interaction (see Figure). In case of small interband interactions, the additional maximum of the heat
capacity appears in the superconducting phase, pointing at the memory about autonomous phase
transition at the corresponding temperature. As the interband interaction increases, the latter feature
disappears and the behavior of heat capacity resembles the one-band case. However, the quantity
∆c/γTc differs at temperature Tc from the one-band value 1.43 and increases with interband interaction.
In the finite systems the behavior of the heat capacity becomes more rounded as volume decreases
(thermal fluctuations increase). The effect of the interband interaction on the thermal fluctuations
appears to be temperature dependent. The thermal fluctuations decrease with the increase of the
interband interaction at low temperatures in the superconducting phase. This occurs due to ―losing
sight‖ of the autonomous phase transition in the corresponding temperature range. By contrast, in the
vicinity of the critical temperature the thermal fluctuations increase with interband interaction. Thus,
there is a redistribution of the fluctuations in the temperature scale driven by the interband interaction
in a finite two-band superconducting system.
S-P-031

Magneto-resistance, thermal conductivity, thermoelectric power and specific heat of


superconductor Gd0.95Pr0.05Ba2Cu3-xMxOy (M= Fe, Mn, Zn and Ni)

ASHOK RAO1, TIRTHANKAR CHAKRABORTY2, BHASKAR GAHTORI3, A. SONI4 and


G.S. OKRAM4
1
Department of Physics, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal-576104, Karnataka, INDIA
2
Department of Electronics and Telecommunication, Jadhavpur University, Kolkatta, INDIA
3
Superconductivity and Cryogenics Division, NPL, New Delhi-110012, INDIA
4
UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, Indore-452017, INDIA
ashokanu_rao@rediffmail.com

It is well known that Pr-123 compounds are non-superconducting, but the underlying
mechanism for suppression of superconductivity is not known till now [1]. There are many studies on
partial substitution of Y by Pr, along with co-doping of Fe, Co, Zn for Cu [2-4]. To the best of our
knowledge, no work seems to have been done on co-substitution of Pr by other rare-earths, such as Gd,
Eu etc. It would thus be interesting to study such a system. We have chosen Gd system, in particular,
as the concentration of Pr required to suppress superconductivity in Gd-123 system is less compared to
that in Y- 123 system[5].
In the present communication, we present thermal and electrical transport properties of pristine
and co-doped samples of high temperature superconductors Gd0.95Pr0.05Ba2Cu3-x MxOy (M= Fe, Mn, Zn
and Ni). All the samples were prepared using solid state reaction technique. Thermal conductivity and
thermo-power measurements were performed using a heat pulse technique in a helium closed cycle
refrigerator from 10 – 300 K. Specific heat measurements were carried out using high resolution ac
calorimeter, using chopped light as a heat source.
It is found that all the samples, except the Mn co-doped sample, show metallic behaviour in the
normal state and the transition temperature decreases with increasing impurity content. The XRD
patterns of powder specimens indicate that the samples were formed in a single phase. It is observed
that the upper critical field increases with co-doping. Thermal conductivity κ(T) of all the samples,
except the one with Zn co-doping, exhibit hump like structure around their respective transition
temperatures. A negative sign of the measured thermo-power (S) in Gd-123 indicates that electron-like
carriers dominate the heat transport in the pristine sample; whereas a sign reversal in S as a
consequence of the change of dominant carrier upon doping is observed. It may be mentioned that we
have employed theoretical models for thermal conductivity and thermo-power and the experimental
results match well with the theoretical ones. Specific heat measurements on Gd-123 and Gd-Pr5%
samples exhibit a jump around the transition temperature; however the anomalous feature in specific
heat is strongly suppressed in the co-doping samples.

[1] M. Akhavan, Physica B 321 265(2002).


[2] M. R. Mohammadizadeh, H. Khosroabadi and M. Akhavan, Physica B 321 301(2002).
[3] T. Harada and K. Yoshida, Physica C 383 48(2002).
[4] F. M. Barros, V. N. Vieira, F. W. Fabris, M. P. Cantão, A. R. Jurelo, P. Pureur and J. Schaf,
Physica C 408-410 632(2004).
[5] V. Daadmehr, M. D. Niry and A. T. Rezakhani, Iranian Journal of Physics Research 6 3(2006).
S-P-032

The effect of Lu doping on Y1-xLuxBa2Cu3O7-δ superconductors

A.B. KARCI and M. TEPE

Department of Physics, Ege University, Bornova 35100, Izmir, TURKEY


belkis.karci@ege.edu.tr

We have investigated theY1-xLuxBa2Cu3O7-δ (x=0; 0.1; 0.2; 0.3; 0.4; 0.5) bulk superconducting
compound. The samples have been produced by using solid state reaction method. Powder compounds
calcinated at 920 oC for 24 hours and sintered at 950 oC for 50 hours. The effect of Lu doping
concentration on the microstructure, electrical and magnetic properties of the Y1-xLuxBa2Cu3O7-δ bulk
superconducting compound was analyzed through the resistance-temperature (R-T), ac magnetic
susceptibility (-T), scanning electron microscope (SEM), x-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements.
XRD analysis showed that the samples show c-axis growth and SEM pictures indicated that grain size
becomes small while Lu doping increases. The change in the Lu doping concentration slightly affected
the transition temperatures (Tc,zero), whereas, the magnetic susceptibility of the samples and their
magnetic field (B) dependencies were noticeably affected.
S-P-033

Magnetic levitation of YBaCuO superconductor prepared by top seeded melt growth process

C.M. YESILKANAT 1, S. YILDIZ 2, F. DOGAN 3, F. INANIR 4, U. KOLEMEN 2 and S. KUTUK 5


1
Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Arts, Artvin Çoruh University, 08000 Artvin, TURKEY
2
Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Arts, Gaziosmanpaşa University, 60240 Tokat, TURKEY
3
Department of Materials Sciences and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
4
Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Arts, Rize University, 51100 Rize, TURKEY
5
Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Arts, Karadeniz Teknik University, 61080 Trabzon, TURKEY
cmyesilkanat@artvin.edu.tr

Bulk YBaCuO superconductor was manufactured with the top seeded melt growth process.
Levitation measurements have been carried out for both the zero-field-cooled (ZFC) and field cooled
(FC) regimes at liquid nitrogen temperature (77 K). We have also introduced the theoretical
calculations exploiting critical state model to fit experimental data [1,2]. Features of the high
temperature superconducting levitation to a permanent magnet are also discussed with verification
made by experimental measurements [3,4]. Experimental values were in good agreement with
theoretical values. Losses in the levitation process in this system are analyzed. It was attributed that the
changes in levitation force are related to decreases of first penetration field. Time relaxation force of
the levitation force was also studied [5].

[1] Carles Navaua and Alvaro Sanchez, Physical Review B, 58, 2 (1998).
[2] Gang Li, Meng Jun Quin, Hua Kun Liu, and Shi Xue Dou, IEEE Transactions on applied
superconductivity, 13, 2 (2003).
[3] Xing-Yi Zhang, You-He Zhou, Jun Zhou, Physica C 468, 369 (2006).
[4] G. E. Jang, W. S. Oh, C. J. Kim, Y. H. Han, S. Y. Jung, T. H. Sung, Physica C 468, 1411 (2008).
[5] You-He Zhou, Xing-Yi Zhang, and Jun Zhou, Journal of Applied Physics, 103, 123901 (2008).
S-P-034

Physical-mechanical properties of Y 1-2-3 superconductor ceramics doped by gallium

E. SANAIA1, E. KUTELIA2 and G. DARSAVELIDZE 1


1
Ilia Vekua Sokhumi Institute of Physics and Technology, 0160, Tbilisi, GEORGIA
2
Republic Cener for Structure Reseaches, Georgian Technical University, 0175 Tbilisi, GEORGIA
esanaia@gmail.com

The temperature and amplitude dependence of the dynamic shear modulus, and the elastic
energy dissipation coefficient Q-1 has been studied between 300 and 1000 K in ErBa2Cu3O7-x
superconductor ceramics doped with various amount of Ga (0.05, 0.10, 0.15 mass% Ga). Near 700 and
775K occur two unusual peaks. Increase of activation characteristics, intensity and temperature of
maxima of internal friction (IF) are observed in the doped specimens. These are explained by blocking
of twinning dislocation by gallium atoms. Investigation of amplitude dependence IF and shear
modulus reveals superposition of three different processes at the amplitudes: <1×104; 1×104’5×104;
<5×104, which significantly changes by retardation of full dislocation in gallium doped materials.
The IF spectra of non doped ErBa2Cu3O7-x ceramics exhibits relaxation maximum near a
temperature of 475K and the shear modulus exhibits softening at about this temperature also.
Considering the tendency of structure ErBaCuO type ceramics to twinning, it is possible to suppose,
that relaxation IF and defect of shear modulus are caused by motion of the polysynthetic twin grain
boundaries which interacted with the oxygen atoms. The non relaxation maximum revealed at 875K
coincides with the temperature of the polymorphic phase transformation (O→T).
S-P-035

Excess conductivity studies in Zn0.95Mn0.05O and ZnO added YBa2Cu3Oy superconductors

I. BOUCHOUCHA, F. BEN AZZOUZ and M. BEN SALEM

L3M, Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, 7021 Zarzouna, TUNISIA


faten.benazzouz@fsb.rnu.tn & Mohamed.bensalem@fsb.rnu.tn

We report electrical conductivity fluctuation analyses on YBa2Cu3Oy (denoted asYBCO)


granular samples added with nano-size Zn0.95Mn0.05O and ZnO (30 nm) particles. Nano-particles are
added to the precursor powders during the final sintering cycle of a two-step preparation process.
Phase analysis by X-ray diffraction and granular structure examination by transmission electron
microscopy (TEM) were carried out. When Zn Mn O and ZnO are added to the YBCO, the
0.95 0.05
orthorhombic structure is maintained. TEM and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis show
the presence of inhomeginities embedded in the superconducting matrix. The temperature dependence
of electrical resistivity in zero magnetic field has been measured on free 1 wt. % Zn Mn O and 1
0.95 0.05
wt. % ZnO added samples and the effect of microscopic inhomogeneities in the paraconductivity
region has been reported. Data about the dimensionality of the thermodynamic fluctuation is obtained
T
by analyzing the excess of conductivity Δζ as a function of the reduced temperature   ln  - 1 on
Tcmf
the basis of the Aslamazov–Larkin theory. In the means field region a crossover from 3D to 2D was
observed for each sample. 1D behaviour of fluctuation conductivity was found at high temperatures
(above the 2D regime) for nanoparticles added samples.
S-P-036

Effect of Yb211 doping on the critical current Jc and susceptibility of (Sm123)1-x(Yb211)x


bulk superconductor

S. AKBULUT1, K. OZTURK1, S. CELIK2, S. KUTUK1, M. BASOGLU1, S. BOLAT1 and


E. YANMAZ1

1
Department of Physics, Faculty of Arts & Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080, Trabzon, TURKEY
2
Department of Physics, Faculty of Arts & Sciences, Rize University, 53100, Rize, TURKEY
senol.akbulut@ktu.edu.tr

We have investigated the improvement of the critical current properties in Yb211 doped Sm123
superconductor prepared by Melt-Powder-Melt-Growth method. The magnetization properties were
measured using a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) made by Quantum Design PPMS system for
the respective constant temperatures such as 5, 50 and 77K with the magnetic field along the
perpendicular to the surface. The magnetization and AC susceptibility measurements show that the
critical transition temperature, Tc, decreases from 93.7 to 90.2 K when the doping level increases.
S-P-037

Magnetoresistive effect in polycrystalline 1-2-3 YBaCuO embedded with nano-YBaCuO


particles

F. BEN AZZOUZ, A. HIMRITTA and M. BEN SALEM


L3M, Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, 7021 Zarzouna, TUNISIA
Mohamed.bensalem@fsb.rnu.tn

We have studied the magnetoresistive in polycrystalline 1-2-3 YBaCuO embedded with nano-
YBaCuO particles which generated by the high-energy ball milling technique. Bulk samples were
synthesized from a precursor powder YBaCuO, which prepared from the commercial high purity
Y2O3, Ba2CO3 and CuO via a one-step annealing process in air at 950°C. After the high-energy ball
milling process of the precursor, the obtained powder was uniaxial pressed and subsequently annealed
at 950°C in air. Phase analysis by X-rays diffraction (XRD), granular structure examination by
scanning electron microscopy (SEM), microstructure investigation by transmission electron
microscopy (TEM) coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) were carried out.
Electrical resistance as a function of temperature ρ( T) revealed that the zero resistance temperature,
Tc0, is 90 and 84.5 K respectively for unmilled and milled samples. We have found that the milled
ceramics exhibit a large magnetoresistance in weak magnetic fields at liquid nitrogen temperature, this
attractive effect is of high practical significance, it makes them promising candidates for practical
application in magnetic field sensor devices.
S-P-038

Effect of Zn doping on magnetic and structural properties of


Bi(Pb)2223 ceramic superconductors

M. HAMEL1, M.-F. MOSBAH1, F. BENMAAMAR1, N. BOUSSOUF1, F. BOUAICHA1 and


A. AMIRA2
1
Laboratoire Couches Minces et Interfaces, Université Mentouri Constantine, ALGERIA
2
Laboratoire des Essais Non Destructifs, Université de Jijel, ALGERIA
faycalmos@yahoo.fr

Doping with Zn change strongly the superconducting properties of high temperature


superconductors reducing the critical temperature and the critical density of current. Explanations have
been proposed based on very strong quasi-particle scattering rates and dramatic reduction in the order
parameter near the Zn site. Scanning Tunneling Measurements in Zn doped Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+d (Bi2212)
crystal seems to confirm suppression of superconductivity at the Zn site[1]. Doping by Zn on Cu site
of whiskers of Bi2Sr2Ca2Cu3O10+d (Bi2223) phase has the same effect on the superconducting
properties and particularly the transition temperature Tc which is reduced [2]. On the other hand, co
doping by addition of ZnO in a lead doped Bi2223 phase (Bi2-xPbxSr2Ca2Cu3O10+d) shows no influence
on the Tc but a reduction of the critical current density Jc [3].
The samples of Bi1.6Pb0.4Sr2Ca2Cu3-yZnyO10+d where y varies from 0 to 0.05, have been
prepared using the conventional solid-state reaction technique. Microstructure of the prepared samples
was investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM). AC
susceptibility measurements were made on a SQUID magnometer. Indexation of the peaks and
determination of cell parameters has been made by use of CELREF software. The results show an
effect of the doping on the microstructure and the critical temperature Tc. Cell parameters c diminishes
when the rate y of zinc increases. Zn doping has an effect on the critical temperature Tc and on the
apparent superconducting volume fraction.

[1] Pan S. H., Hudson E. W., Lang K. M., Eisaki H., Uchida S., Davis J. C., Nature 403, 746 (2000).
[2] Kuo Y. K., Schneider C. W., Skove M. J., Nevitt M. V. and Tessema G. X.; Phys. Rev. B 56,
6201 (1997).
[3] Kozuka T., Ogawa H., Kan A., Suzumura A., J. Eur. Cer. Soc. 21, 1913 (2001).
S-P-039

Low field AC susceptibility study of YBCO prepared by Top Seeded Melt Growth

N.GUCLU1, C.M. YESILKANAT2, H. AGIL3, F. DOGAN4, A. GENCER3 and U.KOLEMEN1


1
Gaziosmanpaşa University, Department of Physics, 60240, Tokat, TURKEY
2
Artvin Çoruh University, Department of Physics, 08000, Artvin, TURKEY
3
Ankara University, Department of Physics, 06100, Ankara, TURKEY
4
University of Washington, Department of Materials Sciences and Engineering, 98195, Washington, USA
guclu06@hotmail.com

The superconducting bulk YBCO was prepared by the top-seeded melt growth. The produced
sample was then characterized by AC susceptibility measurement. The measured susceptibilities show
a dependence on the ac and dc fields. The observed  n  T curves were analyzed by the simplified
Kim Model. We have obtained an empirical function for the penetration field Hp= H 1  t  , where t is
the reduced temperature. The experimental value agrees well with the model calculations.
S-P-040

A model for nucleation-crystallization in the glass-ceramic Bi2Sr2Ca2Cu3O10+ superconducting


system

O. KIZILASLAN, M.A. AKSAN and M.E. YAKINCI

Inonu Universitesi, Fen Edebiyat Fakultesi, Fizik Bolumu, 44280 Malatya, TURKEY
maksan@inonu.edu.tr

In the present study, the nucleation-crystal growth in the system with Bi2Sr2Ca2Cu3O10+
nominal composition prepared by conventional melt-quenching technique was investigated. The
fabricated Bi2Sr2Ca2Cu3O10+ glass materials were heat treated at 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800,
830 oC for 60 h, respectively. The nucleation centers started to form on the surface of the glass
materials at 200 oC, Figure 1. It was seen that branchs occurred on the nucleation centers. The crystal
growth was observed with increasing the temperature (Figure 2); especially at temperatures higher
than 800 oC, single crystal superconducting Bi-2212 whiskers were obtained, Figure 3. A theoretical
model was applied to nucleation and crystal growth [1]. It was found that this type of nucleation
centers strongly depends on increase of surface tension anisotropy and that the results obtained on
materials heat treated at different temperatures are good agreement in the applied theoretical model.

Figure 1. The nucleation centers (200 oC Figure 2. The nucleation centers and crystal growth
for 60 h). (800 oC for 60 h).

Figure 3. Whiskers formed on the material surface (830 oC for 60 h).

[1] S. Li, J.S. Lowengrub, P.H. Leo and V. Cristini, J. Crystal Growth, 267, 703-713 (2004).
[2] S. Li, J.S. Lowengrub and P.H. Leo, Physica D, 208, 209-219 (2005).
S-P-041

Magnetorsistance studies of (Bi,Pb)-2223 added SnO2-nano Oxide

N.H. MOHAMMED, W. ABDEEN, R. AWAD and A.I. ABOU-ALY

Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, EGYPT


rawad64@yahoo.com

In this work, we studied the effect of weak magnetic fields up to 0.5 T on the electrical
resistivity of (Bi,Pb)-2223 added by SnO2-nano Oxide. The nano oxide SnO2 varied from 0.0 to 2.0
wt.% from the total sample mass. The electrical resistivity data showd that the superconducting
transition temperature enhaned for lower SnO2–nano oxide concntratons. On the other hand, the higher
SnO2-nano oxide concentration reduced the phase formation of (Bi,Pb)-2223 and the superconducting
transition temperature. The applide magnetic field showed a little effect on the supercoducting
transition temperature in the first stage of the transition, whereas it had a significant effect in the
second stage of trasition. The experimental data, in the second stage of superconducting transition, fit
well with the thermally activated flux creep model and the activation energy U(B) shows a power law
dependence on magnetic field as B−β. Also, the transition width is related to the magnetic field
according to the relation ΔT αBn. Furthermore, the effect of SnO2-nano oxide addition on the flux
pinning of (Bi,Pb)-2223 was reported.
S-P-042

Levitation force properties in different cooling conditions of (Sm123)1-x(Yb211)x bulk


superconductor fabricated by MPMG Process

S. AKBULUT1, K. OZTURK1, S. CELIK2, S. KUTUK1, M. BASOGLU1, S. BOLAT1 and


E. YANMAZ1
1
Department of Physics, Faculty of Arts & Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080, Trabzon, TURKEY
2
Department of Physics, Faculty of Arts & Sciences, Rize University, 53100, Rize, TURKEY
senol.akbulut@ktu.edu.tr

The (Sm123)1-x(Yb211)x superconductor samples were prepared by the melt-powder-melt-


growth (MPMG) method. The levitation force measurements were determined during vertical traverse
in zero field cooling (ZFC) and field cooling (FC) regime for various doping levels (x= 0.00; 0.05;
0.10; 0.15; 0.20; 0.25; 0.35). It was determined that the vertical force density of the samples increases
generally when the doping level increases and reached the maximum value for x=0.25 doping level for
both repulsive and attractive levitation force density. The pinning properties were enhanced up to a
certain Yb211 doping level both ZFC and FC regime by introducing locally suppressed
superconducting regions. The results show that, optimization of the fabrication conditions and sample
size of the Sm123 superconductor should be further investigated in different cooling process to
improve technological and electronic applicability.
S-P-043

Superconductivity and solubility of Co ion in Cu(BaSr)2YCu2O7-δ

SHIVA KUMAR1,2, M. HUSAIN2, H. KISHAN1 and V. P. S. AWANA1


1
National Physical Laboratory (CSIR), Dr. K.S. Krishnan Marg, New Delhi-110012, INDIA
2
Department of Physics, Jamia Millia Islamia University, New Delhi-110025, INDIA
sighsk@mail.nplindia.ernet.in

We have studied series of compounds Cu1-xCoxBaSrYCu2O7-δ (CuCoBaSr) (x=0.0 to 1.0) and


Cu1-yCoyBa2YCu2O7-δ (CuCoBa) (y=0.0 to 1.0). Noticeable changes are observed in structure and
electrical behavior with increasing Co concentration in both series. Rietveld Refinement of X-ray
diffraction pattern of studied samples shows that the orthorhombic Pmmm structure of pristine samples
changes to tetragonal P4/mmm structure with x>0.10 and with y>0.30. The samples of CuCoBa series
are crystallized in mixed phase of Pmmm and P4/mmm within concentration 0.05≤y≤0.30. While Co
substitutes Cu completely in CuCoBaSr, whereas it substitutes only up to y=0.80 in CuCoBa series.
Superconductivity is observed up to x=0.20 above 25 K in both series (Fig.1). The resistivity (R-T)
behavior of CuCoBaSr series samples, show that oxygen annealed samples at 650 C loses
superconductivity whereas CuCoBa series samples remained superconducting. The disappearance of
superconductivity is attributed to overdoing of oxygen in Cu/CoOx chains. Magnetic measurement (M-
T) shows that there is antiferromagnetic ordering in non superconducting samples. The solubility of Co
at Cu-site in parent YBa2Cu3O7 system is controlled by Ba site Sr substitution in the host unit cell.
Further the Ba site Sr substitution also controls the O-T transition and appearance of superconductivity
in the system.

Fig. 1 R-T of Cu1-xCoxBaSrYCu2O7-δ.

[1] F. Maury, I. Mirebeau, J. A. Hodges, P. Bourges, Y. Sidis, A. Forget Phy. Rev. B 69, 094506
(2004). [2] J. A. Hodges, Y. Sidis, P. Bourges, I. Mirebeau, M.Hennion, X. Chaud Phy. Rev. B 66,
020501 (2002).
S-P-044

Levitation force density in different thicknesses of YBa2Cu3O7-x bulk superconductor fabricated


by FQMG Process

S. KUTUK1, S. BOLAT1, K. OZTURK1, S. AKBULUT1 and O. CAKIR2


1
Department of Physics, Faculty of Arts & Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080, Trabzon, TURKEY
2
Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080, Trabzon,
TURKEY
sezaikutuk@ktu.edu.tr

A precursor YBCO in the stoichiometric ratio of 1:2:3 was prepared by the flame-quench-melt-
growth (FQMG) method. Both the superconducting and non-superconducting regions were decided by
measuring the magnetic levitation force per unit volume as a function of thickness of the
superconducting sample. It was determined that superconducting forming ratio depends on where it
forms in the sample and thus a region near the top surface of the sample contains more
superconducting forming ratio than the other regions. The levitation force density measured at
different thicknesses of the sample ranging from 6.54 to 1.58 mm firstly increased and then reached a
saturation point of maximum value for both repulsive and attractive levitation force density. It was
found that the maximum values of the repulsive and attractive levitation forces were 125 mN/cm3 and -
23 mN/cm3, respectively. The considerably improved FL-d performance in FQMG sample can be
translated to large-scale Y123 blocks intended for real superconducting levitation applications.
S-P-045

Formulation of the experimental levitation force results of the (Sm123)1-x(Yb211)x


superconductor samples

S. CELIK1 and K. OZTURK2


1
Department of Physics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Rize University, 53100, Rize, TURKEY
2
Department of Physics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, 61000, Trabzon, TURKEY
sukrucelik@yahoo.com

The nominal compositions of (Sm123)1-x(Yb211)x for x=0.00, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20 and 0.25
were prepared to examine experimentally the effect of x in the composition on the levitation force
density after the preparation of Sm123 and Yb211 by melt-powder-melt-growth and solid-state-
reaction techniques, respectively. Although the amount of Yb211 increased on increasing the content
x, the levitation force density increased because the Yb211 phase structure decomposed into Yb123
and liquid phase. Owing to the fact that Yb123 welded the Sm123 grains under a slow-cooling regime,
the increasing of the interaction between Sm123 grains gave rise to high potential barriers of the flux
pinning and resulted in increasing of the levitation-force density with the content x. The results of the
obtained general functions of the levitation-force density for all samples are in good agreement with
the experimental data. This new formulation of the levitation-force density is very useful for material
optimization to other researchers.
S-P-046

Microstructure study in different thicknesses of disc shaped YBa2Cu3O7-x prepared by


FQMG method

S. KUTUK, S. BOLAT, K. OZTURK, S. AKBULUT and E. YANMAZ

Department of Physics, Faculty of Arts & Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080, Trabzon, TURKEY
sezaikutuk@ktu.edu.tr

The flame-quench-melt-growth (FQMG) method was used for the preparation of bulk
YBa2Cu3O7-x (Y123). Both the superconducting and non-superconducting regions changing with
thickness of superconducting sample were observed by the polarized optical microscope and
determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern. It was observed that superconducting forming ratio
which was examined for different thicknesses of the sample ranging from 6.54 to 1.58 mm strongly
enlarged. This means that a region near the top surface of the sample contains more superconducting
phase than the other regions. These observations would be helpful in designing and manufacturing the
practical applications of YBCO systems.
S-P-047

Thermal analysis studies of (Bi,Pb)-2223/ linear low density polyethylene composite materials

S.G. ELSHARKAWY1, N.H. MOHAMMED2, A.I. ABOU-ALY2 and R. AWAD2


1
Basic and Applied Sciences Department, College of Engineering and Technology, Arab Academy for Sciences and
Technology and Maritime Transport, Alexandria, EGYPT
2
Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Moharam Bek, Alexandria 21511, EGYPT
ssharkawy@hotmail.com

A series of superconductor/polymer composites was prepared using high-temperature superconductors


Bi1.8Pb0.4Sr2Ca2.1Cu3.2O10+δ phase and Linear Low Density Polyethylene (LLDPE). The LLDPD varied
from 0.0 to 50 wt. % of the sample's total mass. The composite materials were characterized using x-
ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), whereas the crystallization point of
LLDPE and its composite was determined using differential scanning calorimetery (DSC).
Furthermore, the thermal expansion measurements for composite materials were measured from room
temperature up to 180°C. The results showed that the thermal expansion coefficient increases with the
increasing of the percentage of LLDPE
S-P-048

Influence of pelletization pressure on the nanomechanical behavior of TlCaBaCuO


superconductor

F. YILMAZ1, S. YILDIZ1, U. TOPAL2, U. KOLEMEN1 and O. UZUN1


1
Gaziosmanpaşa University, Department of Physics Tokat, TURKEY
2
TUBİTAK-UME (National Metrology Institute), TURKEY
fyilmaz@gop.edu.tr

Nanohardness test and AFM imaging were applied to characterize the mechanical properties of
the TlCaBaCuO samples with nominal composition of Tl2Ca2Ba2Cu3O10-x pelletized different
pressures. In order to evaluate nanohardness and reduced modulus of the samples, load-depth curves
were analyzed by Oliver-Pharr method. A remarkably increase in hardness and reduced modulus was
observed as the pelletization pressure increased. This can be attributed to the stronger links between
grains as a result of increasing of pelletization pressure.
S-P-049

Oxidation behavior of Bi(Pb,Ga)SrCaCuO system

Y. BALCI1, M. CEYLAN2, M. A. AKSAN1 and M.E YAKINCI1


1
İnönü Üniversitesi, Fen Edebiyat Üniversitesi, Fizik Bölümü, 44069 Malatya, TURKEY
2
Firat Üniversitesi, Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi, Fizik Bölümü, Elaziğ, TURKEY
ybalci@inonu.edu.tr

A nominal compositions of BiSrCaCuO (3:2:2:3), (2:2:2:3), (4:3:3:4) and BiPbGaSrCaCuO


(3:0.5:2:2:3), (3:0.3:0.3:2:2:3) have been prepared by conventional melt-quenching method. The
oxidation behaviors of samples prepared were analyzed using a thermogravimetric analyze system,
TGA. Total mass gains of samples, average oxidation rates and maximum oxidation rates were
calculated separately. TGA measurements of all samples were carried out under the normal
atmosphere pressure.
S-P-050

Carbon addition in bulk MgB2

ERCAN ERTEKIN1, EKREM YANMAZ2 and ALI GENCER1


1
Faculty of Science, Department of Physics, Ankara University, Tandoğan 06100, Ankara, TURKEY,
2
Department of Physics, Faculty of Arts&Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, TURKEY
ercan.ertekin@science.ankara.edu.tr

Flux pinning is an important issue to enhance critical current density in MgB2 for large scale
applications, for example wires and tapes. In this study we have done a systematic study of C
inclusions in the main matrix of MgB2 . To study the effect of C doping in MgB2, various powders of
C were added to the main matrix of MgB2 as MgB2-xCx with varying from 0 to 0.1 and optimum
sample preparation techniques with solid state reaction method were then applied in Ar atmosphere.
For structural characterization, XRD patterns were measured. With increasing C content, minor phases
were reported to be formed. For magnetic characterization, M-T, M-H, and AC susceptibility
measurements were performed on structurally characterized samples. Magnetization measurements for
C doped samples showed that, critical current density decreases uniformly with Carbon content, while
negligible variation in critical temperature have been observed. We compared our magnetic data with
the theoretical models in cases where analytic solutions are impossible to the governing equations of
flux dynamics related with flux pinning. In addition, classic critical state model of Bean will also be
compared with experimental data. Discrepancies and consistencies between experimentally measured
data and model simulations will be presented.
S-P-051

Influence of diffusion-annealing temperature on the physico-mechanical properties of Au-doped


Bi-2223 superconductors

O. OZTURK1, I. BELENLI2 and C. TERZIOGLU2


1
Department of Physics, Kastamonu University, 37100 Kuzeykent, Kastamonu, TURKEY
2
Department of Physics, Abant Izzet Baysal University, 14280 Golkoy, Bolu, TURKEY
oozturk@kastamonu.edu.tr

In order to investigate the influence of Au doping and diffusion-annealing temperature on the


mechanical and superconducting properties of Bi-2223, Bi1.8Pb0.35Sr1.9Ca2.1Cu3Oy superconductors
were prepared by standard solid-state reaction methods. Doping of Bi-2223 was carried out by means
of gold diffusion during sintering from an evaporated gold film on pellets. The investigation consisted
of scanning electron microscopy, dc resistivity and hardness measurements. Electrical resistivity
measurements indicated that the room temperature resistivity value decreased with decreasing
diffusion-annealing temperature from 830 to 500  C and these samples (G830, G800, G750, G700,
G600 and G500) show the resistive behavior above the onset critical transition temperature with the
zero-resistivity transition temperatures of 104 K, 80 K, 98 K, 95 K, 102 K and 103 K, respectively. To
investigate mechanical properties of the samples, we have measured the diagonal length as a function
of test load in the range of 0.245-2.940 N. Mechanical properties (microhardness, Young‘s modulus,
yield strength and fracture toughness) of the samples are found to be load and diffusion-annealing
temperature dependent. In addition, we have calculated the load independent hardness, Young‘s
modulus, yield strength, and fracture toughness of the samples. The possible reasons for the observed
changes in superconducting and mechanical properties due to Au diffusion and diffusion-annealing
temperature were discussed.

This work is supported by the Scientific and Technological Council of Turkey (Project no:
104T325).
S-P-052

Magnetic characterization of SiC doped bulk MgB2 superconductor

D. BUMIN1, E. YANMAZ2 and A. GENCER1


1
Faculty of Science, Department of Physics, Ankara University, Tandoğan 06100, Ankara, TURKEY
2
Department of Physics, Faculty of Arts&Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080-Trabzon, TURKEY
dbumin@science.ankara.edu.tr

Flux pinning is very significant tool to improve critical current density in MgB2 in many
applications, such as developing the performance of wires and tapes. In this study we have done a
systematic study of SiC inclusions in the main matrix of MgB2. Sample production in the form of
MgB2-x(SiC)x are carried out by using solid state reaction method (x=0, 0.01, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.10) in
the argon atmosphere. Main structure and the diffraction patterns of the MgB2 are observed by the X-
ray diffraction patterns of the samples. SEM measurements also showed that MgB2‘s structure is
particulate and increasing the doping ratio makes grains smaller and causes agglomeration. Magnetic
properties were determined by M-H, M-T measurements and AC susceptibility measurements. M-H
curves performed at 10K, 20K, and M-H curve at 10K of at x=0.04 SiC doped MgB2 indicated a local
flux jumping, it is known that this is a problem for the application of superconductivity. M-H curves
are broadened when doping ratio is at x=0.04 SiC, then narrowed at higher ratios and maximum J c
value is observed for the x=0.04 doped sample. The critical current density (Jc) is determined by the
M-H measurements while the critical temperature (Tc) of the samples is determined by the M-T
measurements. Introduction of defects, grain boundaries and impurities act as effective flux pinning
centers in MgB2. We report that the critical current density, Jc , increases with SiC content up to x=0.04
SiC doped sample, then decreases immediately for the higher values, in rather contradiction with XRD
data. M-T results showed that, Tc is decreased with increasing the doping dose. The harmonic
susceptibilities of the samples are measured depending on the applied AC field‘s magnitude. It is also
observed that increasing applied fields do not change transition to the superconductivity significantly
and superconductivity of the domain between the particles and peaks of the imaginary parts of the
main harmonic susceptibility observed at the lower temperatures.
S-P-053

The magnetic and structural properties of SiC-doped MgB2 bulks prepared by the standard
ceramic processing

T. DILEK and E. YANMAZ

Department of Physics, Faculty of Arts & Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, TURKEY
tgbdilek@gmail.com.tr

According to general formula MgB2-xSiCx (x=0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2), MgB2 and SiC-doped bulk
superconductors were prepared by the standard ceramic processing. The mixtures of the corresponding
powders were sintered at 750 0C for 0.5 h under pressure of 8 bar Argon. X- ray diffraction patterns
show that all the samples have MgB2 as the main phase with a very small amount of MgO; further,
with SiC- doped the presence of Mg2Si is also noted. The magnetization-temperature measurements
showed a transition temperature of 37.5K for undoped sample which indicates the typical transition
temperature of MgB2. When the content of SiC increased in the sample, the transition temperatures
decreased to the lower temperatures systematically. The M-H loops measured using a VSM showed
very large magnetization value at low temperature for SiC doped samples. The largest M-H loops were
taken from the sample contains %5 SiC.. The critical current density of samples calculated from M-H
loops indicated a value of around 4x105 A/cm2, which is in good agreement with the literature.
S-P-054

Superconductivity of molybdenum with surface carbided

YU.N. CHIANG1, M.O. DZYUBA1, A.V.SEMENOV2, O.G. SHEVCHENKO1 and


V.PH. KHIRNYI2
1
B.Verkin Institute for Low Temperature Physics and Engineering, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkov
61103, UKRAINE
2
Institute of Single Crystals, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkov 61072, UKRAINE
chiang@ilt.kharkov.ua

The molybdenum carbide possessing superconducting properties is synthesized in surface


layers of massive molybdenum by ionic-plasma bombardment of molybdenum surface by carbon and
silicon ions. Character of the resistive superconducting transition on temperature of molybdenum
samples with carbided surface depending on a thickness and integrity of this layer is studied. It is
revealed that the critical temperature and width of superconducting transition specify in realization of
Mo2C - phase in the carbided layers and display a non-uniform superconductivity.
S-P-055

Microwave impedance characterization of single crystal Ba(Fe1-xCox)2As2 using sapphire disk


quasi-optical resonator

A. BARANNIK1, N. CHERPAK1, N. NI2, M. A. TANATAR3, S. VITUSEVICH4,


K. TOROKHTII5,V. SKRESANOV1, V. GLAMAZDIN1, P.C. CANFIELD2,3 and R. PROZOROV2,3
1
Institute of Radiophysics and Electronics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv, UKRAINE
2
Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA50011, USA
3
Ames Laboratory USDOE, Ames, IA50011, USA
4
Institute of Bio- and Nanostructures, Forschungszentrum Juelich, Juelich, GERMANY
5
National Technical Institute-KhPI, Kharkiv, UKRAINE
a.a.barannik@mail.ru

Iron arsenide Ba(Fe1-xCox)2As2 represents a new class of high-Tc superconducting materials. In this
communication we report results of the temperature-dependent microwave surface impedance, Zs=Rs+iXs,
measurements in optimally doped single crystals Ba(Fe 1-xCox)2As2 (x=0.074). Microwave measurements
were performed in Ka-band (35-40GHz) range using sapphire disk quasi-optical resonator excited on
whispering gallery modes. The resonator with conducting endplates (CEPs), developed earlier for
millimeter-wave impedance characterization of the cuprate HTS films [1], was modified into the disk
resonator with a radial slot. This resonator geometry, using CEPs made of cuprate Y-123, was developed
specifically for precision measurements of superconductors with Tc lower than that of the cuprate HTS. We
also developed a novel technique for processing the frequency response for the resonators with partial
removal of mode degeneration, which allowed us precise determination of both the resonance frequency and
the Q-factor, and thus surface impedance.

The value of Xs(Tc) in the N-state was


determined from the dependence Xs(T)
1
Surface impedance ( Ohm)

measured in our experiment, calibrated using


the value of the penetration depth (0)=210nm
known from the literature [2]. The Rs(T) was
X
determined from measured Rs(T) in the S-state
0,1 s
by calibrating Xs(T)=Rs(T) in the N-state. The
results allow one to evaluate the value of the
residual resistance, Rres=Rs(T=0)=9m.The
0,01
R s London penetration depth (T), as determined
from microwave data, demonstrates the power
5 10 15 20 25 law temperature dependence at low
Temperature (K) temperatures, similar to radiofrequency range
measurements [2]. Obtained dependences for
Figure 1. Temperature dependence of the surface concentration of quasiparticles and Cooper pair
impedance in single crystal Ba(Fe1-xCox)2As2. as a function of temperature are discussed.

[1] N. Cherpak, A. Barannik, Y. Filipov, Y. Prokopenko and S. Vitusevich, IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond.
13, 3570 (2003).
[2] R. T. Gordon, N. Ni, C. Martin, M. A. Tanatar, M. D. Vannette, H. Kim, G. D. Samolyuk, J. Schmalian,
S. Nandi, A. Kreyssig, A. I. Goldman, J. Q. Yan, S. L. Bud'ko, P. C. Canfield, and R. Prozorov, Phys. Rev.
Lett. 102, 127004 (2009)
S-P-056

Superconductivity in iron silicide Lu2Fe3Si5 probed by radiation-induced disordering

A.E. KARKIN, YU.N. AKSHENTSEV and B.N. GOSHCHITSKII

Institute of Metal Physics UB RAS, 18 S. Kovalevskoi Str., Ekaterinburg 620219, RUSSIA


aekarkin@rambler.ru

Resistivity (T), Hall coefficient RH(T), superconducting temperature Tc and the upper critical
field slope dHс2/dT were studied in Fe-based superconductor Lu2Fe3Si5 disordered by fast neutron
irradiation. Atomic disordering leads to increase in residual resistivity 0 (from ~15 to ~400 cm)
and decrease in d/dT, similar to the behavior observed in an irradiated A-15 compound such as Nb3Sn
[1]. The changes in RH(T) are relatively small. Tc decreases linear with 0, Tc  0 at 0 ~100 cm.
The same dependence of Tc as a function of 0 was observed in Lu2Fe3Si5 doped with magnetic (Dy)
and non-magnetic (Sc, Y) impurities [2]. The fast suppression of superconductivity under irradiation
was observed also in a novel FeAs-based superconductor La(O-F)FeAs [3].
Instead of a linear increase in  dHс2/dT with 0, as it might be expected from conventional
superconductors [1], an opposite behavior is observed. Like in many novel FeAs-based
superconductors [4], the relation  dHс2/dT  aTc is realized in disordered Lu2Fe3Si5 with
approximately the same coefficient a. Such a relation is interpreted as being caused by strong pair
breaking [4] arising from scattering by non-magnetic impurities or radiation defects in unconventional
superconductors in which the sign of the order parameter changes between different Fermi sheets (s
model) [5].

[1] A. E. Karkin et al., Phys. stat. sol. (a) 46, k87 (1978).
[2] T. Watanabe, H. Sasame, H. Okuyama, K. Takase, and Y. Takano, ArXiv:0906.5569.
[3] A. E. Karkin, J. Werner, G. Behr and B. N. Goshchitskii, Phys. Rev. B 80, 174512 (2009).
[4] V. G. Kogan, ArXiv:0910.4728.
[5] I. I. Mazin et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, 057003 (2008).
S-P-057

Scanning Tunneling Microscopy and Spectroscopy on Iron Chalcogenide


Superconductor Fe1+δSe1-xTex

T. KATO1, Y. MIZUGUCHI2,3,4, H. NAKAMURA1, T. MACHIDA2,


Y. TAKANO2,3,4 and H. SAKATA1
1
Department of Physics, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, JAPAN
2
Superconducting Materials Center, National Institute for Materials Science,
1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047, JAPAN
3
Japan Science and Technology Agency–Transformative Research-Project on Iron-Pnictides (JST–TRIP),
1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047, JAPAN
4
Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba,
1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, JAPAN
tkato@rs.kagu.tus.ac.jp

We report on the investigation of the quasiparticle local density of states and superconducting
gap in the iron-chalcogenide superconductor Fe1+δSe1-xTex (Tc ~ 14 K). The surface of a cleaved
crystal revealed an atomic square lattice, superimposed on the inhomogeneous background, with a
lattice constant of ~ 3.8 Å without any reconstruction. Tunneling spectra measured at 4.2 K exhibit the
superconducting gap, which completely disappears at 18 K, with a magnitude of ~ 2.3 meV,
corresponding to 2Δ/kBTc = 3.8. In stark contrast to the cuprate superconductors, the value of the
observed superconducting gap is relatively homogeneous, following a sharp distribution with a small
standard deviation of 0.23 meV. Conversely, the normal state local density of states observed above Tc
shows spatial variation over a wide energy range of more than 1 eV, probably due to the excess iron
present in the crystal.

[1] T. Kato, Y. Mizuguchi, H. Nakamura, T. Machida, H. Sakata, Y. Takano, Phys. Rev. B 80,
180507(R) (2009).
S-P-058

High-pressure X-ray absorption spectroscopy study on β-Fe1.01Se superconductor

S.C. HAW1, J.M. LEE1,2, T.L. CHOU1, S.A. CHEN1, W.T. CHUANG1, K.T. LU1, H.S. SHEU1,
J.F. LEE 1, C.M. LIN3, N. HIRAOKA1, H. ISHII1, K.D. TSUEI1 and J.M. CHEN1
1
National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center (NSRRC), Hsinchu, Taiwan, R.O.C.
2
Department of Electrophysics, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, R.O.C.
3
Department of Applied Science, National Hsinchu University of Education, Hsinchu, Taiwan, R.O.C.
jmchen@nsrrc.org.tw

The electronic structures, spin states, and structural transformation of β-Fe1.01Se


superconductor under high pressure have been investigated by x-ray diffraction, x-ray emission
spectroscopy, and lifetime-broadening-suppressed x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). The peak
position of the Fe K1,3 emission is shifted toward lower energy by about 0.6 eV and the Fe K‘
satellite intensity is significantly reduced as the pressure increases up to 65 Gpa, indicating a reduced
magnetic moment of β-Fe1.01Se superconductor. Based on high pressure X-ray diffraction study up to
20 GPa, there is clearly a phase transition above 12.5 GPa . The tetragonal form is dominant below 6
GPa. Above 6 GPa, the sample contains a mixture of tetragonal and hexagonal forms. The very wide
two-phase hexagonal and tetragonal phase region is observed. According to the XAS under high
pressures, the intensity of white line in Fe K-edge x-ray absorption decreases progressively and the
pre-edge peak of Fe K-edge spectra gradually shifts towards higher energy with increasing external
hydrostatic pressure, indicating semiconducting behavior in hexagonal phase of Fe1.01Se.
S-P-059

Synthesis and superconductivity of FeTe1-xSex (0.0 ≤ x ≥ 0.50)

ANAND PAL1, M.HUSAIN2, VPS AWANA1 and H.KISHAN1


1
Superconductivity Div. National Physical Laboratory, New Delhi-110012, INDIA
2
Department of Physics, Jamia Millia Islamia University, New Delhi-110025, INDIA
sandhuanand@mail.nplindia.ernet.in

After the discovery of Iron based pnictides superconductors, recently superconductivity is


discovered in α–phase FeSex system. Here we report the pure phase synthesis and structural analysis of
FeTe1-xSex (0.0 ≤ x ≥ 0.55) compound. All the samples were synthesized by conventional single step
solid state reaction route along with vacuum encapsulation method. Titular samples ie., FeTe1-xSex
compound crystallized (Fig.1) in P4/nmm space group with lattice cell parameters a = 3.8219 Ǻ, c =
6.2868 Ǻ for FeTe and a = 3.8015 Ǻ, c= 6.0280 Ǻ for FeTe0.50Se0.50. It is found that Se substitutes Te
ionic site in parent compound (FeTe) with an isostructural lattice producing slightly compressed unit
cell. Successive doping of Se at Te ion site induces superconductivity with highest Tc (12 K) for
FeTe0.5Se0.5, however the parent compound is non superconductor. Resistivity under magnetic field of
these compounds shows that dTc/dH are barely decrease (Fig.2) in comparison with Nb based BCS,
HTSC and Borides or even the recently invented FeAs superconductors. The estimated upper critical
field Hc(2) appears to be over 180 Tesla (Fig.3). Magnetization of the FeTe0.5Se0.5exhibited bulk
superconductivity (Fig.4).
S-P-060

Impact of sintering temperature on superconducting properties of n-SiC added bulk MgB2


superconductor

RAJVEER JHA, ARPITA VAJPAYEE, V.P.S. AWANA and H. KISHAN

Superconductivity & Cryogenics Division, National Physical Laboratory, New Delhi-12, INDIA
vajpaya@mail.nplindia.ernet.in

We study the impact of sintering temperature on the crystal structure, critical temperature (Tc),
critical current density (Jc) and flux pinning in n-SiC added bulk MgB2 superconductor. We reported
that by n-SiC addition the superconducting parameters like critical current density (Jc), upper critical
field (Hc2), irreversible field (Hirr) and flux pinning strength improves significantly for the samples
sintered at 850oC via solid-state reaction route [1]. Dou et al [2] demonstrated that the n-SiC added
samples synthesized at lower temperature shows the better improvement in Jc and Hc2 values in
comparison to the samples synthesized at higher temperature. Keeping this in mind four batches of
samples of MgB2+(n-SiC)x; x=0.0, 0.05 & 0.10 were prepared at four different sintering temperatures
i.e. 850, 800, 750, and 700oC with the heating rate 10oC/min.
XRD measurements reveals that the samples sintered at higher sintering temperature have the
less impurity/unreacted peaks in XRD pattern as compared to the samples, which are sintered at lower
temperature. An increase in sintering temperature improves the critical temperature (Tc). The lower
sintering temperature has a significant advantageous effect on Jc(H) for pristine and n-SiC added
samples. It seems that C substitution together with low-temperature processing results in reduction in
grain size, extra defects and embedded inclusions that enhance flux pinning behavior of pristine and n-
SiC added MgB2 samples.

[1] A. Vajpayee, V.P.S. Awana, G.L. Bhalla and Hari Kishan, Nanotechnology 19, 125708 (2008).
[2] S. X. Dou, O. Shcherbakova, W. K. Yeoh, J. H. Kim, S. Soltanian, X. L. Wang, C. Senatore, R.
Flukiger, M. Dhalle, O. Husnjak and E. Babic, Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 097002 (2007).
S-P-061

Ambiance dependent influence of heavily blended Mg on MgB2 samples synthesized by solid


state synthesis technique

B.B. SINHA1, M.B. KADAM1,2 and S.H. PAWAR2


1
Superconductivity Lab, Department of Physics, Shivaji University, Kolhapur 416 004
Maharashtra, INDIA
2
Department of Technology, D. Y. Patil University, Kolhapur 416006 INDIA
Bhavsinha@yahoo.co.in

The influence of heavy Mg blending was studied by varying the amount of Mg systematically
in the samples synthesized under innovatively employed carbon virtual inert (CVI) environment and
under argon environment. The heavy Mg blending captivatingly assisted in the formation of MgB2
phase in the samples synthesized under CVI environment, and was also found to be carbon doped. The
resistivity behavior with decrease in temperature was studied and the sample showed the
superconducting transition at 33.5K along with the critical current density of the order of 105 A/cm2
under self field at 10K. The charge carriers in these samples encountered boundary scattering instead
of phonon scattering which led to a linear behavior of resistivity with decrease in temperature.
The effect of heavy Mg blending was also studied for both carbon doped and undoped samples
synthesized under argon environment. Both doped and undoped samples showed a slight decrease in
superconducting transition with increase in the Mg content. But unlike the carbon doped samples, the
undoped samples showed enhancement in flux pinning as well as critical current density from 1.5x104
to 6.4x104 A/cm2 under self field at 10K with increase in amount of Mg.
S-P-062

Fabrication and superconducting properties of ex-situ processed MgB2/Fe/Cu multifilament


wires without any intermediate annealing

E. YUCEL1, A. GENCER2 and I. BELENLI3


1
Department of Physics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Abant I zzet Baysal University, 14280 Bolu, TURKEY
2
Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Ankara University, 06100 Ankara, TURKEY
3
Hakkari University, 30000 Hakkari, TURKEY
ersin_yucel@msn.com

We have fabricated superconducting MgB2/Fe/Cu 6 and 7 filament wires by ex-situ powder-in-


tube (PIT) method using Cu-sheath without any intermediate annealing.
MgB2/Fe/Cu 6 and 7 filament wires were annealed at 900oC for 120 minutes in high purity
argon (Ar) gas atmosphere. Critical current densities (Jc) of the wires were measured at 20 K with the
standard four-probe method under self-field. The critical current density (Jc) values of the MgB2/Fe/Cu
6 and 7 filament wires were obtained 447.74A/cm2 and 188.18 A/cm2 respectively. The wires were
characterized using scanning electron microscope (SEM), electron dispersive spectroscopy (EDS),
optical microscopy, Quantum Design Physical Property Measurement System (PPMS) and Vibrating
Sample Magnetometer (VSM) System.
S-P-063

Mitigation of magnetic fields by MgB2 bulk samples of different geometries

R. GERBALDO1, G. GHIGO1, L. GOZZELINO1, F. LAVIANO1, G. LOPARDO1, B. MINETTI1,


A. AGOSTINO2 and E. MEZZETTI1
1
Department of Physics, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, ITALY
2
Department of General and Organic Chemistry, Università di Torino, 10125 Torino, ITALY
laura.gozzelino@polito.it

Magnetic shielding properties of MgB2 bulk samples with different geometries were
experimentally studied. This bulk is less brittle and less affected by weak-link presence than high-Tc
cuprate superconductors and its working temperature is easily attainable by single stage cryocooler.
These properties make this compound very suitable for the fabrication of magnetic shields where, as in
the medical sector, controlled magnetic shielding and low magnetic field background are required. In
such framework a research program centred on analysis and modelling of components of magnetic
field shielding structures is in progress. The needed measurement equipment was designed and
calibrated. Then first measurement runs were performed to compare experimental results with
predictions of suitable models.
In detail, a dedicated cryogenic insert, equipped by a moving sample holder where a GaAs Hall
probe array was mounted, was designed and developed. The sample holder is moved by means of a
motorized actuator along a linear travel of 100 mm with a spatial resolution of 1 m. Magnetic fields
up to 35 mT are generated by a copper coil whereas a superconducting magnet is used for larger fields.
The applied magnetic field as well as the sample holder position and the Hall probe voltage acquisition
system are controlled by a user LabviewTM interface.
For what concerns measurements, passive shielding of homogeneous disk- and tube-shaped
samples are investigated. In particular the effect on the shielding properties of the interconnection
junctions between superconducting elements of single components is evaluated. Experimental spatial
distributions of magnetic field are then compared with those predicted for circular disks [1-3] or
superconducting tubes [4], aiming at suitable rescaling to real equipments.

[1] J. Clem and A. Sanchez, Phys. Rev. B 50, 9355 (1994).


[2] E. H. Brandt, Phys. Rev. B 54, 4246 (1996).
[3] A. Sanchez and C. Navau, Phys. Rev. B 64, 214506 (2001).
[4] S. Denis, L. Dusoulier, M. Dirickx, Ph. Vanderbemden, R. Cloots, M. Ausloos and B.
Vanderheyden, Supercond. Sci. Technol. 20, 192 (2007).
S-P-064

Surface Characterization of MgB2 and AlB2 by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy

M. FAIZ1, Kh. A. ZIQ1, A. F. SALEM1, MONIKA MUDGEL2 and V. P. S. AWANA2


1
Department of Physics, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
2
National Physical Laboratory(CSIR), Dr. Krishnan Marg, New Delhi 110012, India
mmfaiz@kfupm.edu.sa

Samples of MgB2 and AlB2 were prepared by solid state reaction method. The samples were
then characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), resistivity, thermoelectric power, magnetic
susceptibility versus temperature measurements, and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS). The
XRD analysis revealed a minor phase MgO as well as a major phase closed to MgB2 in the MgB2
sample. The AlB2 sample was entirely of AlB2 phase. The resistivity, thermoelectric power and
magnetization measurements showed that MgB2 was superconducting below 38 K [1] while AlB2 was
not [2]. The XPS analysis revealed that both samples had carbonate and oxide over layers. These
oxides were identified as B2O3 and MgO or Al2O3. Traces of B and Mg were also detected. B 1s
spectral region suggests a surface state at about 185.8 eV as well as a bulk state at about 187.4 eV in
MgB2, whereas only the bulk state was present at about 186.6 eV in AlB2. Interestingly both MgB2 and
AlB2 crystallize in same space group with a slight change in c/a being 1.14 for the former and 1.07 for
the later. Both are two band systems, former being dominated with B driven Sigma band and later with
Al driven Pi band [2]. The appearence of superconductivity in MgB2 is controlled by sigma band and
role of B plane is important. Our XPS results clearly identifying the B 1s surface and bulk states for
MgB2 and shifted bulk state for AlB2 shed some light on the appearence/disappearence of
superconductivity in MgB2/AlB2.

[1]. V. P. S. Awana, Arpita Vajpayee, Monika Mudgel, V. Ganesan, A.M. Awasthi, G.L. Bhalla, and
H. Kishan " Physical property chracterization of bulk MgB2 superconductor" Eur. Phys. J. B 62, 281-
294 (2008)

[2]. Monika Mudgel, V.P.S. Awana,G. L. Bhalla, H. Kishan, L.S. Sharath Chandra, V. Ganesan, and
A.V. Narlikar "Anomalous thermoelectric power of Mg1-xAlxB2 system with x = 0.0 to 1.0" J. Phys.
Cond. Matt. 20, 095205 (2008)
S-P-065

Effect of substrates on superconducting properties of MgB2 thick films fabricated by spraying


method

M. OZABACI1, M.A. AKSAN1,2 and M.E. YAKINCI1,2


1
Scientific and Technological Research Center (IBTAM), Inonu University 44280-Malatya, TURKEY
2
Department of Physics, Faculty of Arts & Sciences, Inonu University 44280-Malatya, TURKEY
ozabacim@yahoo.com

MgB2 thick films have been prepared on Al2O3, MgO and SrTiO3 ceramic substrates using the
spray method with two different heat treatment cycles, 925 cC with 10 min (Group A) and 610 oC with
24 h (Group B). The structural/microstructural (XRD, SEM) and transport (R-T, MR-T) properties of
the films prepared were investigated.
XRD analysis showed that the films in Group A and Group B consisted mainly of MgB2, but
the peaks originated from the substrates were also observed in films fabricated on Al 2O3 substrate.
From scanning electron microscopy, it was seen that the surface of MgB2 thick films prepared is not
sufficiently homogeneous. Some cracks and heaps with different sizes were observed.
The best electrical results were obtained for films in Group A on Al 2O3 substrate. The Tc value for
films in Group A was found 36.1 K, 36 K and 35 K, for Al2O3, MgO and SrTiO3 substrates,
respectively. Any superconducting state was not reached for films in Group B on SrTiO 3 substrate. In
all the films which showed superconducting state, the magnetic field strongly affected Tc. A tail in
resistance curves was observed with increasing the magnetic field for films in Group A on MgO and
SrTiO3 substrate. At magnetic fields above 1 T for films in Group A on SrTiO3 substrate and above 2
T for films in Group A on MgO substrate, zero resistance temperature, T0, was not obtained.
S-P-066

Calculation of the -material for bulk MgB2 superconductor

N. GUCLU, O. UZUN and U. KOLEMEN

Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Arts, Gaziosmanpaşa University, 60240, Tokat, TURKEY
guclu06@hotmail.com

Vickers microindentation tests were carried out on a bulk MgB2 superconductor with the load
of ranging from 300 to 1500 mN at room temperature [1]. The load-penetration depth curves were
analyzed. The  -material for bulk MgB2 is determined.

[1] O. Uzun, N. Güçlü, U.Kölemen, O.Şahin, Mater. Chem. and Phys, 112 5-10 (2008).
S-P-067

MgB2 thin films prepared in situ by using pulsed laser deposition technique and characterization
of their superconducting parameters and Josephson Junctions made with various barrier
materials

D. ABUKAY, S. TOZAN and S. SEZER

Department of Physics, İzmir Yüksek Teknoloji Enstitüsü, 35430, İzmir, TURKEY


doganabukay@iyte.edu.tr

We have fabricated thin film samples of MgB2 by using a standard pulsed laser deposition
(PLD) working with an Excimer laser of =248 nm and 125 mJ/pulse. We have used an in situ
technique allowing to get films with high transition temperatures and a surface smoothness acceptably
good for device applications. We have also tried to form Josephson Junctions by using a planar
junction approach and we have tried out some barrier materials to obtain a good junction behavior in
multilayer configuration.
Due to its high vapor pressure and low sticking coefficient at temperatures higher than
~300°C of Mg metal, the fabrication of MgB2 thin films is considerably difficult. To overcome these
difficulties many experimental ways have been reported [1,2,3]. We have used an in situ technique in
which the samples after deposited by PLD they are annealed at temperatures between 600° - 700°C in
the presence of Mg vapor in a closed metal box within the same chamber and argon gas at ~200 Torr
pressure. We have used various laser fluency values ranging from 2.3 J/cm2 to 6.0 J/cm2. We also used
different target elements as mixtures of MgB2+ Mg or Mg +B. Characterization of the samples were
done by R(T), AC-susceptibility, XRD, EDX and AFM measurements.
The Josephson junctions (JJs) are made by employing AFM scratching over the micro bridges
who formed weak links to get Josephson behavior. We also have tried AlN and MgO barriers for the JJ
structures to form multilayer features. The results obtained are discussed in comparing with the
common literature [ 4,5].

[1] A. Heinrich, C Leirer and B Stritzker, Supercond. Sci. Technol. 18, 1215-1217 (2005).
[2] D Mijatovic, A Brinkman, H Hilgenkamp, H Rogalla, G Rijnders, D H A Blank, Appl. Phys. A 79,
1243-1246 (2004).
[3] Y S Wu, Y Zhao, D Wexler, J H Kim, S X Dou, Physica C 468, 218-222 (2008).
[4] A Brinkman, D Mijatovic, H Hilgenkamp, G Rijnder, I Oomen, D Veldhuis, F Roethuis, H Rogalla
and D H A Blank, Supercond. Sci. Technol. 16, 246-253 (2003).
[5] A Brinkman, J.M Rowell, Physica C 456, 188-195 (2007).
S-P-068

AC magnetic susceptibility of MgB2 samples doped with Al

A. F. SALEM1, KH. A. ZIQ1, M. SHAHABUDDIN2 and A. A. BAHGAT3


1
Department of Physics, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, SAUDI ARABIA
2
Department of Physics, P.O. Box 2455, King Saud University, Riyadh11451, SAUDI ARABIA
3
Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11884, Cairo, EGYPT
afsalem@kfupm.edu.sa

Samples of Mg1-xAlxB2 (x = 0, 0.025, 0.045 and 0.065) were prepared by solid state reaction
method. The samples were then characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD). The real and the complex
parts of AC susceptibility have been measured at different frequencies and amplitudes of the applied
AC field.
The critical temperatures of the samples were determined using the real part of AC susceptibility
curve. The results are approximately the same as the one extracted from VSM measurements (within
the experimental error). The lower critical field Hc1 is found to be enhanced with Al doping. The
highest Hc1 value is achieved with the 4.5 % concentration of Al. We have proved that grain
boundaries in MgB2 pure and doped samples are highly transparent to current flow. MgB2 can carry a
large amount of current across grain boundaries. This was evident from Cole-Cole plots.
S-P-069

Fabrication of MgB2 thin films on MgO substrates by electron beam evaporation technique and
superconducting properties

EZGI TAYLAN KOPARAN and EKREM YANMAZ

Karadeniz Technical University, Science &Arts Faculty, Physics Department,61080 Trabzon, TURKEY
etaylan@pamukkale.edu.tr

MgB2 thin films were prepared on MgO (001) single crystal substrates without a buffer layer by using
electron beam evaporation technique (EB) and in situ annealing procedures. Our precursor films had a
multilayered structure of B/Mg/B/MgO (001) by depositing Mg and B alternately on MgO substrates.
The precursors were annealed in the same vacuum chamber (about 10-7 mbar). It was founded that
after annealing process the peaks belongs to main phase of MgB2. Some amount of MgO phase was
also observed. The magnetic properties of MgB2 thin films were measured using VSM and displayed a
transition temperature of 34K.
S-P-070

Superconductivity in Pd17Se15 as contrasted with Rh17S15

H.R. NAREN, A. THAMIZHAVEL and S. RAMAKRISHNAN

Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Material Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, INDIA
nareni@tifr.res.in

Pd17Se15 crystallizes in a cubic structure in the space group Pm3m (Ref. [1]). It has two formula
units and hence 64 atoms in a unit cell arranged in a cage-like structure. It provides for an interesting
study in comparison with the iso-structural Rh17S15 in which strongly correlated superconductivity (Tc
= 5.4K) was reported by us (Ref. [2]). We have observed superconductivity below 2K in a poly-
crystalline sample of Pd17Se15. We report here the Resistivity, Susceptibility and Specific Heat
Capacity data on Pd17Se15 and contrast it with that of Rh17S15. Our preliminary investigations reveal a
greatly reduced Upper Critical Field (Hc2) and Sommerfeld Coefficient (Gamma) as compared with
Rh17S15 which could be attributed to a reduction in strong correlations. The smallest Rh-Rh distance in
Rh17S15 is around 4% lesser than the smallest Rh-Rh distance in elemental Rhodium and we had earlier
argued that strong Rh-Rh interactions could be a reason for the strongly correlated nature (Ref. [2]). In
comparison, the smallest Pd-Pd distance in Pd17Se15 is around a percent more than that in elemental
Palladium and this could be the cause for the absence of strong correlations here. There is a remarkable
difference in the dc susceptibility data as well where Pd17Se15 displays a diamagnetic crossover at
higher temperatures.

[1] S. Geller, Acta Cryst. 15, 713 (1962).


[2] H. R. Naren, A. Thamizhavel, A. K. Nigam and S. Ramakrishnan, Phys. Rev. Lett. 100,
026404 (2008).
S-P-071

Magnetic field-tuned superconductor-insulator transition in interface superconducting


nanostructures based on PbTe/PbS and PbTe/YbS heterostructures

O. YUZEPHOVICH1,2, S. BENGUS1,2, A. SIPATOV3, E. BUCHSTAB4 and N. FOGEL4


1
Institute for Low Temperature Physics and Engineering, 61103 Kharkov, UKRAINE
2
International Laboratory of High Magnetic Fields and Low Temperatures, 53-421 Wroclaw, POLAND
3
National Technical University “Kharkov Polytechnical Institute” Kharkov 61002, UKRAINE
4.
Solid State Institute, Technion, 32100 Haifa, Israel
yuzephovich@ilt.kharkov.ua

Here we report on observation of the magnetic field-tuned superconductor-insulator transition


(SIT) found in a new type of superconductors. Recently new kind of intrinsically 2D superconductors
arising on the interface of epitaxially grown semiconducting AIVBVI heterostructures has been
discovered [1]. Superconductivity is inherent only to the layered systems, while individual films
constituting them are not superconducting. The metallic-type conducting (and correspondingly,
superconducting) layers are adjacent to the interfaces.
We present results of experimental studies of the SIT transition in two-layer PbTe/PbS and
PbTe/YbS heterostructures in magnetic fields H up to 14T. For these samples all typical features of
the SIT have been observed: the fan-like set of R(T) dependences, the crossing of R(H) curves in a
single point obtained at different T for both perpendicular and parallel to the interface magnetic fields
and the negative magnetoresistance. The resistance increase is usually in a limit of about 10% in a
magnetic field 14T at temperatures about 1.7K.
As was shown earlier [2], in a case of heterostructures studied we deal with dislocation-
induced superconductivity. Due to such origin, the superconducting layers have periodical nano-net
structure.
We found that the presence of defects in superconducting interfacial nano-nets, which are due
to the defects in dislocation grids, essentially influences features of SIT in these systems. As follows
from the TEM study [1, 3], such defects are always present in the samples with thin semiconducting
layers (at the layer thickness d less than 80nm). For heterostructures with more perfect nano-nets
(values of d > 100nm), SIT is not observed. The nature of the SIT in studied systems is most probably
associated with percolation phenomenon, but its detailed interpretation requires additional
experiments at the lower temperatures.
This work was supported by the grant for young scientists of NAS of Ukraine ―Magnetic field
induced phase transitions in magnetic and nonmagnetic nanostructures‖ (N15-2009).

[1] N.Ya. Fogel et al., Phys. Rev. B 73, RC161306 (2006).


[2] N.Ya. Fogel et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 512 (2001).
[3] O.I. Yuzephovich et al., Low Temp. Phys. 34, 985 (2008).
S-P-072

Superconductivity and magnetism in In2O3-ZnO observed in bulk and nano-samples

FRANCISCO ASCENCIO1, KARLA HERNANDEZ2 and ROBERTO ESCUDERO1


1
Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico. A. Postal 70-360.
Mexico, D. F. 04510. MEXICO
2
Universidad de Sonora, Escuela de Quimica. Hermosillo, Sonora, MEXICO
escu@servidor.unam.mx

We prepared and studied compounds with In2O3 powders and ZnO nanoparticles. Samples were
prepared under different stoichiometric conditions and reacted at different temperatures. The initial
temperatures where the oxides are mixed were in the range of 300 0C, final temperatures are close to
1100 0C. Samples were annealed in oxygen and argon atmospheres. The resulting black compounds
present superconducting behavior with maximum transition temperatures above 4.5 K. Magnetic
measurements show bulk superconducting diamagnetism to the maximum value about -1/4. This
type II superconducting material presents a critical magnetic file HC1 of 55 Oe and HC2 of 345 Oe, at
1.7 K. Isothermal magnetic measurements, below and above the superconducting transition
temperature show that the compounds are also ferromagnetic.
S-P-073

AC loss evaluation of MgB2 superconducting windings located in a stator core slot with a finite
element method

K. KAJIKAWA1, R. OSAKA2, T. NAKAMURA3, M. SUGANO4,


M. TAKAHASHI5 and T. WAKUDA5
1
Research Institute of Superconductor Science and Systems, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, JAPAN
2
Department of Electrical Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, JAPAN
3
Department of Electrical Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8510, JAPAN
4
Department of Electronic Science and Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8510, JAPAN
5
Hitachi Research Laboratory, Hitachi, Ltd., Hitachi 319-1292, JAPAN
kajikawa@sc.kyushu-u.ac.jp

The superconducting induction/synchronous motor to drive a pump for transportation or


circulation of the liquid hydrogen has been proposed in order to utilize it at the hydrogen supply
station in the near future [1]. Both the rotor and stator windings of the motor are composed of an MgB2
superconducting wire. The prospective advantages of such a motor are (1) the coexistence of slip and
synchronous modes, (2) low loss and high efficiency, (3) large torque output, (4) compact size and
light weight, (5) robust control for overload, (6) self-field application of superconducting wires and (7)
freedom from the penalty factor of refrigeration [1].
In the present study, the AC losses in the stator winding of motor with MgB2 wire are
numerically evaluated by means of a finite element method [2]. It is assumed that the transport
property of the MgB2 wire is given by Bean's critical state model [3], in which the critical current
density is independent of the local magnetic field. The critical current density of the MgB2 wire at the
liquid hydrogen temperature is obtained from the extrapolation of the experimental results for higher
temperatures [4]. The influences of core slot sizes and turn number of windings on the AC losses are
discussed quantitatively toward the optimum design of the stator winding with the MgB2 wire.

This work was supported by the Industrial Technology Research Grant Program in 2008
(08B38006a) from the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO) of
Japan.

[1] K. Kajikawa and T. Nakamura, IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. 19, 1669 (2009).
[2] K. Kajikawa, T. Hayashi, R. Yoshida, M. Iwakuma and K. Funaki, IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond.
13, 3630 (2003).
[3] C. P. Bean, Phys. Rev. Lett. 8, 250 (1962).
[4] Y. Yamada, T. Nakamura, M. Sugano, K. Kajikawa, M. Takahashi and M. Okada, 2009 Annual
Meeting Record I.E.E. Jpn., 5-120 (2009).
S-P-075

Chemical solution deposition of YBa2Cu3O7-δ thin films on STO substrates with Au


nanoparticles

S.K. OH1, G.E. JANG1 and O.B. HYUN2


1
Department of Advanced Materials Engineering, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 361-763, Korea
2
Korea Electric Power Research Institute, Daejeon, 305-380, Korea
gejang@chubgbuk.ac.kr

A number of methods have been reported to be enough effective for magnetic flux
immobilization in YBa2Cu3O7-δ (YBCO) films. We studied the microstructural properties of YBCO
thin films with Au nanoparticles. Au nanoparticles were synthesized on STO substrates with self
assembled monolayer YBCO films were grown by chemical solution deposition technique on STO
substrates with Au nanoparticles. Microstructural analysis of the obtained YBCO films was performed
by using cross-section transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Phase and textural analysis was done
using X-ray diffraction. The surface morphology and surface roughness (Ra) of the layers were
measured by atomic force microscopy (AFM). The electrical and magnetic properties on the film with
or with Au nanoparticles will be systematically investigated.
S-P-076

Effect of glassification by adding Bi2O3 on the BiSrCaCuO whiskers fabrication and their
properties

S. ALTIN, M. A. AKSAN, Y. BALCI and M. E. YAKINCI

Inonu Universitesi, Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi Fizik Bölümü, Süperiletkenlik Araştırma Grubu, 44280, Malatya, TURKEY
saltin@inonu.edu.tr

Bi-2212 Superconducting whiskers have been fabricated by annealing a melt quenched


Bi3Sr2Ca2Cu3O8+ (Bi2O3)x/2 materials where x=1 and 2. Approximately 1-3 mm long whiskers were
obtained and their physical, electrical and magnetic properties were investigated. Crystallization
activation energy of the materials fabricated were calculated using Kissinger and Auguss-Bennet
method from DTA data. Microstructural changes from glass to heat treated materials at different
temperatures were studied with SEM-EDX and XRD measurments. From XRD analysis, the whiskers
have high c-axis oriented and single crystalline Bi-2212 phase. The whiskers fabricated were very
smooth surface without cracks and dislocation. The Tc values of the whiskers were found to be 83.2 K
and 79.8 K for x=1 and 2 respectively. M-H properties were investigated for 10-40 K and Jcmag was
calculated by using Bean model.
S-P-077

Improved critical current densities in YBa2Cu3O7- multilayer films interspaced


with Palladium nanodots

A. SARKAR1, V.S. DANG1, P. MIKHEENKO1, M.M. AWANG KECHIK1, J.S. ABELL1 and
A. CRISAN1,2

1
School of Metallurgy and Materials, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UNITED KINGDOM
2
National Institute of Materials Physics, Bucharest 077125, ROMANIA
a.sarkar@bham.ac.uk

Power applications of superconducting coated conductors in high magnetic fields require thick
films with high critical current densities Jc and strong artificial pinning centres. Here we report on the
artificial pinning centres induced in YBCO quasi-multilayer films interspaced with Palladium
nanodots.
Quasi-multilayered (QM) YBa2Cu3O7- (YBCO) films composed of YBCO layers interspaced
with quasi-layers of Palladium nano-dots were grown by Pulsed Laser Deposition on SrTiO3 (100)
substrates. Frequency-dependent Jc (77.3 K, µoHDC) measurements for these thick films showed
significant improvement as compared to pure YBa2Cu3O7- films of same or even smaller thickness.
In order to obtain structural information about the crystal imperfections, TEM studies were
conducted on samples similar to those investigated in the Jc measurements. We observed regions of
planar defects, columnar defects and a-axis oriented grains, with dimensions commensurate with
pinning centres effective for immobilizing the vortices. These defects significantly contribute to the
pinning of magnetic flux and increase critical current in the films.
S-P-078

Intermittent flux penetration in YBCO on miscut substrates

A.J. QVILLER, V.V. YURCHENKO and T.H. JOHANSEN

Department of Physics, University of Oslo NORWAY


atleq@fys.uio.no

Yttrium barium copper oxide (YBCO) is an important high-temperature superconductor (HTS).


YBCO grown on tilted substrates has commercial applications such as manufacture of HTS wires and
Josephson junctions.
Flux penetration into a series of YBCO samples grown on tilted NdGaO3 substrates has been
visualized with magneto-optical imaging. These systems are already known to show anisotropic flux
penetration and a flux penetration pattern consisting of thin filaments in one direction. In samples with
small and large miscut angles, a smooth penetration is seen as the applied magnetic field is increased.
However, in several samples with intermediate miscut angles (8°-14°), an intermittent penetration of
flux bundles is seen. This intermittency can potentially be a source of noise in commercial
applications. We have studied the reproducibility, relaxations and the statistical distribution of sizes of
flux jumps at different temperatures in order to understand the causes and dynamics of the intermittent
penetration.
S-P-079

A model for temperature effect on levitation force of high-temperature superconductors

S. YILDIZ1, F. INANIR2, U. KOLEMEN1 and S. CELEBI3


1
Gaziosmanpaşa University, Department of Physics Tokat TURKEY
2
Rize University, Department of Physics 53100 Rize, TURKEY
3
Kradeniz Technical University, Department of Physics, Trabzon, TURKEY
inanir@ktu.edu.tr

We have investigated the temperature influence on levitation force employing critical state
model. Temperature versus Levitation force curves was obtained. Some superconducting parameters
were determined. The results were compared with the experiment and reproduced Refs. [1, 2].

[1] T. Suzuki. et al, Physica C, 463-465, 283 (2007).


[2] E. Ito et al, Physica C 445-448 412 (2006).
S-P-081

Surface impedance in inhomogeneous superconductors in mixed state

L.V. BELEVTSOV

Department of Applied Mathematics, Donbass Engineering Academy,


Kramatorsk 84313, UKRAINE
apmath@dgma.donetsk.ua

.High-temperature superconductors consist of a large number of granular boundaries, which


locally decreases the order parameter due to the short coherence length. The grain boundaries are a
great interest both in fundamental physics and in applied superconductivity and play a significant role
in the microwave response and surface resistance of high-temperature films.
It was study the joint influence of granule boundaries and Abrikosov vortices on the behavior
of surface impedance of type-II superconductors. Two-liqued model and vortex model for
intragranular transport current on granules [1], as well as the model of intergranular Josephson
junction have been considered. A limit of low-density Abrikosov vortices is analysed when their
interaction can neglected. It follows that in contrast to the Mawatari vortex-free model [2] the surface
resistance monotonously depends on critical-current density at the intergranular boundaries and on
granule size. The presence of Abrikosov vortices results in a more intensive microwave dissipation
with increazing both the critical current and grain size.

[1] L.V. Belevtsov , Europhys. Lett. 59, 768 (2002).


[2] Y. Mawatari, Phys. Rev. B71, 64507 (2005).
S-P-082

Grain structure and irreversibility line of bronze route Nb3Sn


superconducting multifilamentary wire

M.J.R. SANDIM1, D. STAMOPOULOS2, M. TASSI2, S. ZAEFFERER3, D. RAABE3,


S. AWAJI4 and K. WATANABE4
1
Escola de Engenharia de Lorena – USP – 12600-970 – Lorena – SP, BRAZIL
2
Institute of Materials Science, NCSR Demokritos, 153-10, Athens, GREECE
3
Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforshung, D-40237, Düsseldorf, GERMANY
4
Institute of Materials Research – Tohoku University – 980-8577 – Sendai, JAPAN
msandim@demar.eel.usp.br

Nb3Sn is one of the most important superconducting materials used in the manufacture of high
field magnets operating above 10 T. It is well known that for the superconducting A15 phase the grain
boundaries are the major flux pinning centers. However, it remains unclear how grain boundary
pinning in Nb3Sn occurs in detail. In this scenario the detailed knowledge of the grain structure can
give useful information in order to elucidate the grain-boundary pinning force issue for the A15 phase.
In this work we present results of microstructural and magnetic characterization in a
commercial multifilamentary wire of Nb3Sn. The investigated wire was produced by Furukawa
Electric Co. Ltd (Japan) by the bronze method. The 1-mm in diameter wire contains 11,457 Nb3Sn
individual filaments in a bronze matrix. This wire was heat treated at 670oC for 96 h. It must be
noticed that this wire has excellent superconducting properties with J c  300 A/mm2 at 16 T and Bc2 
23.9 T at 4.2 K, where Jc is the critical current density and Bc2 is the upper critical field. Each filament
in this conductor is comprised by a Nb core surrounded by an A15 layer with a typical thickness of
about 1.5 m. The microstrucutral characterization of the Nb3Sn phase was performed using high-
resolution electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) based on field emission gun scanning electron
microscopy (FEG-SEM). The obtained mean grain size of the Nb3Sn phase is about 135 ± 70 nm.
Concerning the misorientation distribution for the Nb3Sn phase, the EBSD data reveals a random
distribution of orientations with a large fraction of high angle boundaries. Such distribution is essential
to improve pinning at the grain boundaries. A more complete study of the Nb3Sn phase using the
EBSD technique can be found in [1]. DC magnetization measurements were performed using a
SQUID magnetometer (Quantum Design), with magnetic field applied perpendicular to the wire axis.
Isofield magnetization curves, m(T), were obtained for zero field (ZFC) and field (FC) cooled
condition in the temperature range 4 < T < 20 K, for several values of DC magnetic field up to 50
KOe. Concerning FC and ZFC magnetization curves, we have identified a temperature range below the
critical temperature, Tc, for which the flux motion is reversible. The magnetization-field dependence of
the lower-boundary of this temperature region is the so-called irreversibility temperature, Tr(H) [2].
Such observation is in agreement what it was observed for another Nb3Sn multifilamentary wires
obtained from the bronze method [2-3]. According to [3], the observation of such IL, clearly distinct
from Tc(H) confirms that the pinning is due to grain boundaries.

[1] M.J.R. Sandim, H. R. Z. Sandim, S. Zaefferer, D. Raabe, S. Awaji and K. Watanabe, Scripta
Mater. (2009), doi:10.1016/j.scriptamat.2009.10.002.
[2] M. Suenaga, A. K. Ghosh, Y. Xu and D. O. Welch, Phys. Rev. Lett. 66, 1777 (1991).
[3] M. G. Adesso, R. Flukiger, D. Uglietti, M. Polichetti and S. Pace, IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond.
17, 2619 (2007).
S-P-083

Quasimultilayers of YBa2Cu3O7−x and gas-phase condensated nanoparticles

M. SPARING 1,2, T. THERSLEFF 1,2, J. HÄNISCH 1, R. HUHNE 1, B. RELLINGHAUS 1,


L. SCHULTZ 1,2,3 and B. HOLZAPFEL 1,3
1
IFW Dresden, Institute for Metallic Materials, P.O. Box: 270116, 01171 Dresden, GERMANY
2
Dresden University of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Institute for Materials Science,
01062 Dresden, GERMANY
3
Dresden University of Technology, Department of Physics, Institute for Physics of Solids, 01062 Dresden, GERMANY
m.sparing@ifw-dresden.de

The application of superconducting YBa2Cu3O7−x (YBCO) thin films in external magnetic


fields is limited by their critical current density Jc.. Since Jc strongly depends on the density and
structure of pinning defects in the material, it can be increased by the introduction of artificial pinning
centers, e.g. non-superconducting nanoparticles and surrounding defects and strain states. In order to
tailor YBCO films for applications it is important to understand the correlation between the particle
properties, the defect structure and the superconducting characteristics of YBCO. Therefore a
controlled preparation of nanoparticles with adjustable properties is required.
A technique which allows for the preparation of isolated particles with a predefined diameter in
the range of 10 nm and an independently chosen areal density is the condensation of nanoparticles via
DC-magnetron sputtering in an inert gas atmosphere. We already reported that YBCO thin films
grown on substrates decorated with this kind of particles show an improved Jc(B) behavior [1]. The
incorporation of such particles in YBCO thin films is a very promising tool for the systematic study of
the particle influence on the pinning properties.
Here we present the integration of gas phase condensated Hafnium nanoparticles in PLD-grown
YBCO thin film quasimultilayers in a combined PLD-Sputtering system. These heterostructures were
investigated by TEM on cross sectional FIB lamella. The influence of the areal density and the particle
volume content on the structural and superconducting properties of YBCO thin films is discussed.

[1] Sparing M, Backen E, Freudenberg T, Hühne R, Rellinghaus B, Schultz L and Holzapfel B


Supercond. Sci. Technol. 20 S239 (2007).
S-P-084

Magneto-optical transmission measurements of thin NbN superconducting films in Faraday and


Voigt orientation at THz frequencies

M. ŠINDLER1,2, R.TESAŘ 1,2, J.KOLÁŢEK2 and L. SKRBEK1


1
Department of Low-TemperaturePhysics Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles Universityin Prague, Prague,
CZECH REPUBLIC
2
Instituteof Physics of the AS CR, Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC
sindler@fzucz

The terahertz transmission of a thin NbN superconductor layer with the critical temperature 16
K at several frequencies within the (0.40 – 2.52) THz range was observed in Faraday and Voigt
orientation for several magnetic fields up to 10 T. Both temperature scans in a fixed static magnetic
field and magnetic field scans at fixed temperature have been measured. In addition, for several
temperatures down to 10 K without magnetic field complex conductivity have been measured by time-
domain terahertz spectroscopy. Transmission observed in zero magnetic fields can be explained by the
theoretical model based on the BCS theory [1]. Superconductor in magnetic field H (H c2>H>Hc1) is in
Abrikosov state which can be thought of as inhomogeneous state with the presence of vortex lattice
which greatly influences superconductor behavior. Transmission of THz radiation presents suitable
tool for investigating this system. In order to describe Abrikosov state Clem model [2] was used to
describe single vortex. Vortex core can be thought as normal-state inclusion of cylindrical shape in
superconducting matrix. Such composite system can be effectively described by Bruggeman theory
[3]. The mentioned model does not include the vortex motion due to the interaction with THz radiation
which leads to absorption and consequently affecting transmission as well. Even without vortex
dynamics the model successfully describes the basic features of experimentally observed transmission
even for the highest magnetic fields.

[1] W. Zimmermann, E.H. Brandt, M. Bauer, E. Seider, L. Genzel, Physica C 183, 99 (1991).
[2] J.R. Clem, Journal of Low Temperature Physics 18, 427 (1975).
[3] Tuck C. Choy, Effective medium theory Principles and Applications (Oxford University Press,
1999) p10-15.
S-P-085

Influence of the AC current on the nonlinear DC resistive response


in a tilted washboard pinning potential

O.V. DOBROVOLSKIY 1,2


1
Department of Physics, Kharkov National University, 61077 Kharkov, UKRAINE
2
Physikalisches Institut, Goethe-Universität, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, GERMANY
Dobrovolskiy@Physik.uni-frankfurt.de

One of the unsolved problems in the temperature-dependent pinning-mediated vortex dynamics


is the influence of an ac current of arbitrary amplitude and frequency on the static current-voltage
characteristics (CVC's) of type-II superconductors. Here this problem is discussed in context of the
previously solved dc nonlinear guiding problem in the presence of the Hall effect for the washboard
planar pinning potential (PPP) within the frames of the Langevin equation [1]. In the presence of
dc+ac current directed under the angle α to the PPP channels this problem can be solved exactly in
terms of a matrix continued fraction without the recourse to the Fokker-Planck approach [2]. The
influence of ac current on the longitudinal and transverse (with respect to the dc current direction)
even and odd (with respect to the magnetic field reversal) α-dependent nonlinear anisotropic
magnetoresistivities  , is considered. The current and frequency dependence of the number and
position of the Shapiro steps on the CVC's is calculated and analyzed for the transverse geometry (the
current density vector is perpendicular to the pinning channels) at low temperatures. In particular, in
the adiabatic limit three distinct regions on the CVC curves and two different types of the Shapiro
steps in the low-frequency regime for the vortex problem under discussion are obtained exactly. A
simple physical picture of the vortex motion in a tilted (due to the presence of the dimensionless dc
driving force) washboard PPP is elucidated.

[1] V.A. Shklovskij and O.V. Dobrovolskiy, Phys. Rev. B, 78, 104526 (2008).
[2] V.A. Shklovskij, A.A. Soroka, and A.K. Soroka, Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz. 116, 2103 (1999).
S-P-086

Detailed elaboration method and magnetic study of nano-metrical YBCO/YIG system

S. KHENE1, M. GASMI1 and G. FILLION2


1
Physics Department, Badji Mokhtar University, PO box 12, 23000, Annaba, ALGERIA
2
LCMI, CNRS, 38042, Grenoble cedex 9, FRANCE
samirkhene@yahoo.fr

The blending of magnetic elements or compounds into a superconducting matrix has a direct
effect on the physical properties of this later and provides precious information on the
superconductivity mechanisms, the spins/vortices interaction and the vortices pinning. In our
knowledge, any study on the addition of nano-particles of yttrium iron garnet Y3Fe5O12 (called
commonly YIG) in the copper, barium and yttrium oxide YBa2Cu3O7  (well known under the YBCO
appellation) nano-metrical matrix has performed up to the present time. In this work, a detailed
description of the used ways to elaborate the nano-metrical YBCO/YIG system is given and the results
on the vortices pinning to which this study has lead are displayed. The interaction spins/vortices study
will be dealt with in another article. The YBCO and YIG powders have been elaborated by
conventional ceramic process. The obtained products have been characterized by magnetization
measurements, X-rays diffraction and optical microscopy. The used ways to reduce their grains sizes
below of the fifty of nanometers and to mix them avoiding the formation of grains crowds have been
explained. Their nano-metrical sizes have been confirmed by an atomic force microscope analysis.
Eight pellets, of 5 mm in diameter and a half millimeter in thickness, squeezed under two tons, have
been elaborated and have been dealt with in a deepened magnetic study. The thermal variations of
Zero Field Cooled magnetizations, in a residual field of 44 G, have shown that the introduction of 5
and 9% in weight of a non superconductor material (YIG) into a superconducting matrix (YBCO) has
reduced the TC only of 1°K for ybcoyig5% pellet and 1.57°K for ybcoyig9% one, comparatively with
the ybcopur reference pellet TC. The superconducting quality of our samples has been thus well
preserved from beginning to end of elaboration process. By another way, our results have shown that
the incorporation of YIG in very low quantities, between 0 and 0.5% in weight of YIG, increases the
value of critical current JC. of ybcopur pellet (and so, the vortices pinning). By fitting our experimental
points starting from 0.5% in weight of YIG, an empirical law of the JC variation versus of added YIG
percentage has been suggested.
S-P-087

Fabrication of artificial anisotropic pinning structures in thin niobium films sputtered onto
sapphire substrates

O.V. DOBROVOLSKIY 1,2, M. HUTH 2 and V.A. SHKLOVSKIJ 1,3


1
Department of Physics, Kharkov National University, 61077 Kharkov, Ukraine
2
Physikalisches Institut, Goethe-Universität, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
3
Institute for Theoretical Physics, NSC-KIPT, 61108 Kharkov, Ukraine
Dobrovolskiy@Physik.uni-frankfurt.de

We demonstrate a possibility to realize various types of the anisotropic periodic pinning


potentials (PPP) in thin niobium films sputtered onto α-alumina (11-20) substrates. Arrays of the
highly periodic channels as well as ferromagnetic cobalt lines were fabricated using focused ion beam
etching and gas-assisted focused electron beam deposition techniques [1], respectively. During the
patterning three different nanostructure profiles were used. By this way either uniaxial or
bianisotropic, or asymmetric (ratchet) pinning structures have been fabricated. Niobium films with
such pinning structures (described by the corresponding PPP) exhibit guided vortex motion in the
Shubnikov phase under perpendicular field orientation with regard to the film plane [2].
A thorough theoretical description of the nonlinear two-dimensional vortex dynamics in a
washboard [3], bianisotropic [4] or ratchet [5] PPP was carried out as well as the influence of point-
like disorder and ac transport current on the guiding of vortices was previously analyzed [6]. The
experimental realization of artificial anisotropic pinning structures in thin-film geometry opens up a
controlled pathway for a variety of experimental studies of directed motion of vortices by measuring
longitudinal and transverse voltages.

[1] M. Huth in ―Nanofabrication using focused ion and electron beams: principles and applications‖
(Oxford University Press, to be published 2010).
[2] O. K. Soroka, V. A. Shklovskij and M. Huth, Phys. Rev. B 76, 014504 (2007).
[3] V. A. Shklovskij, A. A. Soroka and A. K. Soroka, J. Exp. Theor. Phys. 89, 1138 (1999).
[4] V. A. Shklovskij, Phys. Rev. B 65, 092508 (2002).
[5] V. A. Shklovskij and V. V. Sosedkin, Phys. Rev. B 80, 214526, 2009.
[6] V. A. Shklovskij and O. V. Dobrovolskiy, Phys. Rev. B 74, 104511 (2006); 78, 104526 (2008).
S-P-088

A comparative study of peak effect in microwave surface resistance

F. INANIR1, S. YILDIZ2 and U. KOLEMEN2


1
Rize University, Department of Physics 53100 Rize, TURKEY
2
Gaziosmanpaşa University, Department of Physics Tokat TURKEY
sukruyildiz@gop.edu.tr

We have studied the temperature dependence of in-plane microwave surface resistance


employing critical state model. in order to obtain the high field peak (or so-called fish-tail ), we added
a Gaussian term to the exponential model for the field dependence of critical current density. Our
results can repreduce the experimental data obtained by Bonn et al [1].
This study has been supported by Scientific Research Projects Commission of Gaziosmanpasa
University (Project No: 2009/10).

[1] A. Hosseini, Saeid Kamal, D. A. Bonn, Ruixing Liang, and W. N. Hardy, Phys. Rev. Lett. 81, 1298
(1998).
S-P-089

Detection and manipulation of Abrikosov vortices in mesoscopic josephson junctions

T. GOLOD, A. RYDH and V.M. KRASNOV

Department of Physics, Stockholm University, Albanova University Center, SE-106 91 Stockholm, SWEDEN
taras.golod@fysik.su.se

In this work we study phase shifts in a Josephson junction induced by Abrikosov vortices in
superconducting mesoscopic electrodes. We use two types of Josephson junctions as phase sensitive
detectors of vortices: Nanoscale Nb/PtNi/Nb junctions of the overlap type made by Focused Ion Beam
(FIB) sculpturing and planar Nb/CuNi(Cu)/Nb junctions of the ―variable thickness‖ type made by
cutting CuNi(Cu)/Nb double layers by FIB. The positions of vortices in the overlap-type junction are
controlled by suitable sample geometry. In order to have a favorable vortex location near the planar
junction we make a small hole with diameter ~ 30 nm, working as a vortex trap. Vortices are
introduced into the superconducting electrode by applying an external magnetic field and kept outside
the junction, parallel to the junction plane, to avoid formation of fluxons. The vortex induces a
different flux shift  in the measured Fraunhofer modulation of the Josephson critical current
depending on the position of the vortex and/or geometry of the junction. When the vortex is close to
the junction it induces  equal to leading to switching of the junction into the 0- state. By
changing the bias current through the junction at constant magnetic field the vortices can be
manipulated and the system can be switched between two consecutive vortex states which are
characterized by different critical currents of the junction. A mesoscopic superconductor thus acts as a
non-volatile memory cell in which the junction is used both for reading and writing information
(vortex).
S-P-090

Combination of Ag substrate decoration and BaZrO3 nano-inclusions for enhancing critical


current density of YBa2Cu3O7 films

V.S. DANG1, A. SARKAR1, P. MIKHEENKO1, M.M. AWANG KECHIK1, J.S. ABELL1,


P. PATURI2, H. HUHTINEN2 and A. CRISAN1,3
1
School of Metallurgy and Materials, The University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
2
Wihuri Physical Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, FI-20014, University of Turku, FINLAND
3
National Institute of Materials Physics, Bucharest 077125, ROMANIA
v.dang@bham.ac.uk

First cost-effective method for introducing artificial pinning centres in superconducting films
was the substrate decoration, in which nanoislands of certain materials (e.g., Ag) are grown on
substrates prior to the superconducting films deposition.[1]. Recently, nanoscale additions in the
targets was also shown to increase critical current density (Jc) of YBa2Cu3O7-(YBCO) films. BaZrO3
(BZO) has been most commonly used as an impurity addition to YBCO target [2] and has been shown
to be able to self-organize into correlated nano-rods within the film microstructure.
We have investigated the combination of Ag substrate decoration and BZO nano-inclusion in
YBCO films by using a 4% wt. BZO-doped YBCO target and a Ag target, the nanostructured films
being fabricated by pulse laser deposition (PLD) method. BZO doped YBCO films were deposited on
single crystal SrTiO3 (STO) substrate decorated with few laser pulses on Ag target. We have studied
the diameter and density of Ag nano-dots on STO substrate as function of number of laser pulses on
Ag target. 15 laser pulses gave optimum results in increasing of Jc in comparison with BZO-doped
YBCO films of the same thickness, in all applied magnetic fields, while higher number of Ag laser
pulses led to increasing critical current density only in high applied magnetic field. We have studied
films with thickness from 0.3 m to 3 m and found that the highest Jc at all applied field is for the1.2
m thick film.
The structure of the films was characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope
and atomic force microscope. The films show very good epitaxy even though of 4% BZO doped and
Ag substrate decoration. Transmission electron microscope and angle-dependent transport
measurement show BZO nano-inclusion induced strong, mainly isotropic, pinning centres.

[1] A. Crisan, S. Fujiwara, J.C. Nie, A. Sundaresan, H. Ihara, Appl. Phys. Lett. 79, 4547 (2001).
[2] J. L. MacMannus-Driscoll, S. R. Foltyn, Q. X Jia, H. Wang, A. Serquis, L. Civale, B. Maiorov, M.
E Hawley , M. P. Maley and D. E. Peterson, Nat. Mater. 3, 439 (2004).
S-P-091

Flux pinning in nanostructured YBCO films grown by chemical solution deposition

V. ROUCO, A. PALAU, C. MONTON, T. PUIG and X. OBRADORS

Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, CSIC, 08193, Barcelona, SPAIN


vrouco@icmab.es

High critical current YBa2Cu3O7- (YBCO) coated conductors are nowadays a reality.
However, their application in most power devices still depend on improving vortex pinning
capabilities at high magnetic fields and temperatures. This implies a fine control of the nano-defects
induced in the YBCO films which can be modified by tailoring their nanostructure. Understanding
vortex pinning mechanisms and correspondingly the interaction between vortices and defects is then, a
crucial issue to optimize properties of nanostructured YBCO films. For this purpose we have used
transport critical current measurements at different field orientations and temperatures. We have
studied films with different interfacial nanostructures and nanocomposites with nano-particles
distributed on the YBCO matrix. Results will be discussed in terms of capability of the different vortex
pinning centers (isotropic and anisotropic) with different strain (strong and weak) which have been
separated and quantified in a wide temperature and magnetic field range, resulting in a general
methodology to analyze the relevant vortex pinning contributions.
S-P-092

The next generation thermally actuated flux pump for high temperature superconductors

Y. YAN, Z. HONG, W. XIAN, W. YUAN and T. A. COOMBS

Superconductivity Group, Engineering Department, University of Cambridge, UK


yy300@cam.ac.uk

Recent progress in material processing has showed that High Temperature Superconductors
(HTS) have the great potential to trap large magnetic fields at cryogenic temperatures. For example,
HTS are widely used in MRI scanners and in magnetic bearings. As the most commonly studied HTS,
YBCO single domains are proved to be able to trap the field up to 10 Tesla at 77K, which is the
boiling point of liquid nitrogen. However, using the traditional ways to magnetize the YBCO will
always need the applied field to be as high as the expected field on the superconductor or much higher
than it.
In this paper, we find a way of the YBCO magnetization in liquid nitrogen that only requires
the applied field to be the permanent magnet level. Moreover, rather than applying a pulsed high
current field on the YBCO, we use a thermally actuated material (Gadolinium) as an intermedia and
create a travelling magnetic field through it by changing the partial temperature to magnetize the
YBCO and build up the magnetic field on the YBCO gradually after multiple pumps.
The Gadolinium bulk are located between the YBCO and the permanent magnet and is heated
and cooled repeatedly from the outer surface to generate a travelling thermal wave inwards. In the
according experiment, an obvious accumulation of the flux density is detected on the surface of the
YBCO bulk.
Firstly, the theory of the Thermally Actuated Magnetization Method will be introduced. Then,
the design of the experiment system will be presented. Finally, the results of the experiment will be
compared to lead to the conclusion of this paper.
S-P-094

Coexistence of ferromagnetism and diamagnetism in Y-Ba-Zn-O compound

UGUR TOPAL

Tübitak-UME, P.K. 54 41470 Gebze-Kocaeli, TURKIYE


ugur.topal@ume.tubitak.gov.tr

In the present study, we investigate the magnetic properties of Y-Ba-Zn-O system in which
Y2O3, BaCO3 and ZnO powders were mixed at atomic ratios of Y:Ba:Zn=1:2:3. Abnormal magnetic
behavior has been seen on the M-H and M-T curves. At liquid nitrogen temperature, the samples expel
the permanent magnets but no levitation is observed unlike type II superconducting samples. The M-H
curves are quite dependent on the field direction (H//ab and Hab-plane). At low field regime,
ferromagnetism is clearly seen but diamagnetism appears at fields higher than 1 Tesla. We could also
see some traces of Meissner-like expulsion up to 500 Oe. The M-T curves reveal diamagnetism at 300
K and its degree increases as temperature decreases. The results seem to attract the attention of both
theoreticians and experimentalists.
S-P-095

Consistent description of magnetic excitations and phase diagram of High-Tc cuprates within a
strong-coupling approach

S. BREHM 1, E. ARRIGONI 2, M. AICHHORN 3 and W. HANKE1


1
Institute for Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, GERMANY
2
Institute of Theoretical Physics and Computational Physics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, 8010 Graz,
AUSTRIA
3
Centre de Physique Theorique, Ecole Polytechnique, 91128 Palaiseau Cedex, FRANCE
arrigoni@tugraz.at

Magnetic excitations of the high-Tc cuprate superconductors (HTSC) are shown to be correctly
reproduced within a two-dimensional Hubbard model in the appropriate strong-coupling regime. In
particular, salient properties of the magnetic resonance mode, its intensity behavior in the underdoped
regime and the ``hour glass'' dispersion display a good agreement with experiments. Our results are
obtained in an essentially parameter-free theory based on an extension of the variational cluster
approach (VCA) to treat two-particle excitations. When combined with earlier phase-diagram
calculations using the VCA, it lends further support to a Hubbard-model description of the interplay of
magnetism and superconductivity in the cuprate HTSC.

[1] S. Brehm and E. Arrigoni and M. Aichhorn and W. Hanke, http://arxiv.org/abs/0811.0552.


[2] M. Aichhorn and E. Arrigoni and Z. B. Huang and W. Hanke, Phys. Rev. Lett. 99, 257002
(2007).
S-P-096

Superconductivity in La1.84Sr0.16CuO4 / La1.48Nd0.4Sr0.12CuO4 bilayers

P.K. ROUT and R.C. BUDHANI

Condensed Matte – Low Dimensional Systems Laboratory,


Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur – 208016, INDIA
pkrout@iitk.ac.in

The physics of high-temperature superconductors is highly intriguing due to the


interplay/competition between several coexisting phases like pseudogap phase [1] and the presence of
spatially ordered charge/spin states at special doping levels [2], more colloquially known as ―stripes"
in addition to antiferromagnetism and superconductivity. We present a study of bilayer thin film
systems of nearly optimally doped La1.84Sr0.16CuO4 (LSCO) and static stripe ordered
La1.48Nd0.4Sr0.12CuO4 (LNSCO). This provides an interesting possibility of interaction between two
contrasting phases in proximity to each other at the interface. The crystallographic structure and
interface roughness of the bilayers were characterized using x-ray scattering in θ-2θ, ω, θ and grazing
angle incidence x-ray reflectivity (GIXR) modes. The dc transport measurements of bilayers show
only one superconducting transition corresponding to LSCO layer as shown in the figure. In order to
detect interfacial effects, we have used a two-coil mutual inductance technique similar to the one
described by Jeanneret et al. [3]. The pick-up coil voltage due to screening supercurrent flowing in the
film clearly shows the superconducting transition of individual layers. Apart from these two
transitions, we observe another small; but distinct transition, which we believe to be a consequence of
existence of superconductivity at the interface of LSCO and LNSCO layers (See figure).

30
-4
10
Im V
Re V, Im V (V)

-5
20 10
Re V x 4
 (m.cm)

-6
10

10
-7
10

-8
0 10
5 10 15 20 25
T (K)

[1] K. Tanaka, W. S. Lee, D. H. Lu, A. Fujimori, T. Fujii, Risdiana, I. Terasaki, D. J. Scalapino, T. P.


Devereaux, Z. Hussain and Z.-X. Shen, Science 314, 1910 (2006).
[2] J. M. Tranquada, B. J. Sternlieb, J. D. Axe, Y. Nakamura and S. Uchida, Nature (London) 375, 561
(1995).
[3] B. Jeanneret, J. L. Gavilano, G. A. Racine, Ch. Leemann and P. Martinoli, Appl. Phys. Lett.55,
2336 (1989).
S-P-097

Tunneling conductance in two-dimensional electron gas/d-wave superconductor junctions with


Rashba spin-orbit coupling

B. SRISONGMUANG 1, P. PAIROR 1 and M. BERCIU 2


1
School of Physics, Suranaree University of Technology, Muang District 30000, Nakhon Ratchasima, THAILAND
2
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia,Vancouver V6T 1Z1, CANADA
pairor@sut.ac.th

The tunneling conductance spectrum of a junction of two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) with
Rashba spin-orbit coupling (RSOC) and a d-wave superconductor is theoretically studied. The
spectrum shows strong dependence on junction orientation. The effects of RSOC strength and potential
barrier on the tunneling conductance are different for different Fermi levels of the 2DEG
S-P-098

Improvement of high Tc phase formation in BPSCCO superconductor by adding Vanadium and


Titanium

DUYGU YAZICI and BEKIR OZCELIK

Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences and Letters, Çukurova University 01330 Adana,Turkey

ozcelik@cu.edu.tr

We have produced the (BiPb)2VxSr2Ca3Cu4-yTiyO12+δ with x=0.1 and y=0.050, 0.10, 0.2 and
0.3 compounds by melt-quenching method. Structural and superconducting properties of the produced
samples were investigated by Scanning Electron Microscopy, X-ray diffraction patterns, EDAX,
electrical resistance measurements and dc-magnetic hysteresis loop measurements. The pure high-Tc
phase (2223) is nearly found with Ti substitution for x = 0.05 and 0.10. The onset critical temperature
(Tc.onset) of the samples increases up to 111 K with doping up to x = 0.20. In addition, considerable
large values of the critical current densities (jc), calculated from the hysteresis loop measurements by
using Bean‘s critical state model are obtained for the samples in the same doping range. Our data have
indicated that Jc decreases with increasing temperature and Ti concentration.

This work was supported by the Research Fund of Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey, under
grant contracts no. FEF2009D11.
S-P-099

Structural and magnetic properties of FeSe and FeSe0.5Te0.5 superconductors

E. YANMAZ1, M.Y. HACISALIHOGLU2, C. DANCER3, S. SPELLER3 and


C.R.M. GROVENOR3
1
Department of Physics, Faculty of Arts & Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, TURKEY
2
Department of Physics, Faculty of Arts & Sciences, Rize University, 53100 Rize, TURKEY
3
Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PH, UK
muammeryasinhacisalihoglu@hotmail.com

The effect of atomic substitution of Te in iron based superconductors FeSe (1:1 type), which
exhibits the simplest crystal structure among the iron-based superconductors, have been investigated in
terms of structural and magnetic properties using XRD, EDX, SEM, VSM and AC Susceptibility.
Polycrystalline samples of FeSe1-xTex in the stoichiometric ratios of x=0 and 0.5 were prepared using
the solid state reaction method. FeSe and FeSe0.5Te0.5 samples showed bulk diffraction patterns. The c
axis lattice parameters and the cell volume increased monotonically with increasing Te concentration.
S-P-100

Effect of Vanadium-Titanium co-doping on the BPSCCO Superconductor

DUYGU YAZICI1, BEKIR OZCELIK1, SERDAR ALTIN2 and M.EYYUPHAN YAKINCI2


1
Department of Physics,Faculty of Sciences and Letters, Çukurova University 01330 Adana,TURKEY
2
Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences and Letters, İnönü University 44069, Malatya, TURKEY
ozcelik@cu.edu.tr

We have produced the (BiPb)2VxSr2Ca3Cu4-yTiyO12+δ compounds for x=0.05 and y=0, 0.05,
0.10 and 0.20 by glass-ceramic method. The effects of Vanadium adding and Ti doping on the
structure have been investigated by electrical resistance, scanning electron micrographs (SEM), XRD
patterns and magnetic hysteresis loop measurements. It has been found that the high-Tc
superconducting phase, (2223), is formed in the samples annealed at 845oC for 185, with concentration
x= y=0.05. However, with increasing Ti doping the (2223) phase transforms into the (2212) phase. We
have observed no superconducting properties for x=0.05 and y=0.20 compound. It has completely
transformed to semiconductor.
The magnetization measurements have been carried out as a function of magnetic field for
fields up to 5 kOe at temperatures. The hysteresis loop areas decrease with increasing Ti concentration
y and temperature. The critical current densities (Jc) of the samples, have been calculated by using
Bean critical state model.

This work was supported by the Research Fund of Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey, under
grant contracts no. FEF2009D11.
S-P-101

Effect of high valancy cations on the (BiPb)2Sr2Ca3Cu4O12+δ compounds

DUYGU YAZICI1, BEKIR OZCELIK1, SERDAR ALTIN2 and M.EYYUPHAN YAKINCI2


1
Department of Physics,Faculty of Sciences and Letters, Çukurova University 01330 Adana, TURKEY
2
Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences and Letters, İnönü University 44069, Malatya, TURKEY
ozcelik@cu.edu.tr

We have produced the (BiPb)2VxSr2Ca3Cu4-yTiyO12+δ compounds by melt-quenching method.


The effects of Vanadium adding and Ti doping on the structure have been investigated by electrical
resistance, scanning electron micrographs (SEM), XRD patterns and magnetic hysteresis loop
measurements. It has been found that the high-Tc superconducting phase, (2223), is formed in the
samples annealed at 845oC for 185 and 192 h, with concentration x=0.2 and y=0.05. However, with
increasing Ti doping the (2223) phase gradually transforms into the (2212) phase. The magnetization
measurements have been carried out as a function of magnetic field for fields up to 5 kOe at
temperatures well below the zero resistance temperatures of the annealed samples. The hysteresis loop
areas decrease with increasing Ti concentration y and sintering time. The fast decreases in the
hysteresis loop areas related to the superconducting volume, with increasing y and/or T seem to imply
an existence of flux pinning centers in our samples. In order to support this implication the critical
current densities Jc, of the samples, have been estimated at several fixed temperatures. Our data have
indicated that the critical current, Jc, firstly increases up to critical magnetic field (Hc1) then decreases
with increasing magnetic field.

This work was supported by the Research Fund of Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey, under
grant contracts no. FEF2009D11.
S-P-102

A different calcination process to prepare polycrystalline Bi-based superconductor with


improved Bi(2223) phase

S. MEMARZADEH1, A. AMIRABADIZADEH1, N. TAJABOR2


Sh. POORMAND3 and H. FARSI4
1
Department of physics, Faculty of science University of Birjand, Birjand, IRAN
2
Department of physics, Faculty of science Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, IRAN
3
Research center of Kansaran Binalood center, Mashhad, IRAN
4
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of science University of Birjand, Birjand, IRAN
ahmadamirabadi@yahoo.com

In this research two samples of a nominal composition (Bi-Pb)2Sr2Can-1CunOx were prepared by the
solid state reaction method, using two different routes. Codes A and B are used to refer to the samples.
In preparing A sample, the standard method for calcination was used, while in B sample, SrCO3 and
CaCO3 were calcinated at 1100 ºC for 3 h. Calcination was done just separately on SrCO3 and CaCO3
in order to eliminate CO2. Then after mixing and grinding, the powders mixture of Bi2O3, CuO, PbO,
SrO and CaO were calcinated at 840 ºC for 70 h. The effects of this calcination on structure and
different superconducting phases (Bi-2212 and Bi-2223) are investigated by XRD, SEM and ac
susceptibility. The results show that the new calcination process helps us to increase the Bi-2223 phase
rather than 2212 one.
The results are as:
a) The volume fraction of Bi(2223) and Bi(2212) phases is estimated by x-ray diffraction patterns.
The XRD patterns show that the new Calcination favorite the formation of Bi(2223) phase.
b) The SEM studies of samples show that by using new Calcination process, the size of the largest
particle would be increased.
c) The ac susceptibility studies show that by using new Calcination process, the transition of the real
part of ac susceptibility for the intragranular component is sharper; indicating that new Calcination
process improves the formation of the Bi(2223) phase.
S-P-103

Thickness dependence of critical current density in MgB2 films prepared by thermal evaporation
method

Z.D. YAKINCI1 and Y. AYDOGDU2


1
İnönü Üniversitesi, Sağlık Hizmetleri MYO, 44280-Malatya, TURKEY
2
Fırat Üniversitesi, Fen Edb. Fakültesi, Fizik Bölümü, 23100-Elazığ, TURKEY
dyakinci@inonu.edu.tr

MgB2 films with the thickness of 600 nm to 1.3m have been successfully prepared on the
Al2O3 single crystal substrates from high purity B and Mg powder by thermal evaporation method.
Films were then heat treated ex-situ under Mg vapor at 8000C to achieve actual MgB2 stoichiometry.
The thickness of the films, so the deposition times, was varied to investigate its influence on critical
current density of the films. The films obtained are analyzed by means of microstructural, transport
and magnetic properties by XRD, SEM-EDX, R–T, M–H and Jmagc analysis. The best Tc and Tzero
values were obtained to be 38.5 K and 37.1 K, respectively and decreased with increasing the
thickness. We also found that the critical current density of the films prepared are highly thickness
dependent. The maximum Jmagc value was calculated to be 1.63 × 107 Acm−2 at 5 K and zero field for
700nm thick films but dropped to 1.61×105 Acm−2 for 1.3m thick films. Significantly high Jmagc
values obtained from thinner films were found to be very promising particularly for microelectronic
applications.
S-P-104

Synthesis and characterization of MgB2 thin films prepared by 2.4 MHz ultrasonic spray
pyrolysis system

Z.D. YAKINCI1 and Y. AYDOGDU2


1
İnönü Üniversitesi, Sağlık Hizmetleri MYO, 44280-Malatya, TURKEY
2
Fırat Üniversitesi, Fen Edb. Fakültesi, Fizik Bölümü, 23100-Elazığ, TURKEY
dyakinci@inonu.edu.tr

Nano-sized B and Mg powders have been successfully deposited respectively onto single
crystal MgO(100) and Al2O3 substrates using 2.4 MHz ultrasonic spray pyrolysis system and an
appropriate solution to obtain thin films of MgB2 superconductors. Substrates were heated up to 9500C
during spraying process and after this in-situ process 100-600nm thick superconductor films were
obtained. The microstructure, transport and magnetic properties were characterized by means of
particle size analyzer, XRD, SEM-EDX, R–T and M–H analysis. The effects of particle concentration
in the solution, spraying time and heating temperature on the quality of the MgB2 films were
discussed. The best Tc and Tzero results were obtained to be 37.9 K and 36.4 K, respectively. Magnetic
properties, M–H curves of the MgB2 films, were investigated at 3 different temperatures up to 5 T.
Symmetric hysteresis loops for all temperature and field cases were obtained and maximum Jmag value
was calculated to be 1.16 × 107 Acm−2 at 4.2 K for 0 T but dropped to 3.42×106 Acm−2 at 30 K for 0 T.
The results obtained were found to be highly dependent on the particle concentration in the solution,
heating temperature of substrates and carrier gas flow rate during spraying.
S-P-105

Nano-sized spherical MgB2 superconducting powder fabrication using MHz range ultrasonic
spray pyrolysis (USP) system

M.E. YAKINCI1, M.A. AKSAN1, Y. BALCI1, S. ALTIN1, Y. ONAL2 and Y. AYDOGDU3


1
İnönü Üniversitesi, Fen Edb. Fakültesi, Fizik Bölümü, 44280-Malatya, TURKEY
2
İnönü Üniversitesi, Mühendislik Fakültesi, Kimya Müh. Bölümü, 44280-Malatya, TURKEY
3
Fırat Üniversitesi, Fen Edb. Fakültesi, Fizik Bölümü, 23100-Elazığ, TURKEY
eyakinci@inonu.edu.tr

In this work, we have successfully fabricated 70-150nm in size MgB2 superconducting


spherical powders by using a 2.4 MHz ultrasonic spray pyrolysis system and consecutive high
temperature heating and powder collection chamber. Various solutions which contains different Mg, B
and ethanol concentrations and gas atmospheres were used to obtain MgB2 superconducting powders.
Microstructural, transport and magnetic characterization of the powders were performed using XRD,
SEM-EDX, XRF, R-T, M-T, M-H analysis and critical current density measurements. The most
important result were obtained on the critical current density calculation which is in the range of 107
Acm-2 indicating improved flux pinning properties.
S-P-106

Effects of in-situ and ex-situ heat treatment procedures on the transport properties of the MgB 2
superconducting thin films fabricated by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis (USP) system

M.E. YAKINCI1, Y. AYDOGDU2, M.A. AKSAN1, Y. BALCI1 and S. ALTIN1


1
İnönü Üniversitesi, Fen Edb. Fakültesi, Fizik Bölümü, 44280-Malatya, TURKEY
2
Fırat Üniversitesi, Fen Edb. Fakültesi, Fizik Bölümü, 23100-Elazığ, TURKEY
eyakinci@inonu.edu.tr

Superconducting MgB2 thin films have been prepared using Ultrasonic Spray Pyrolysis (USP)
system. 2.4 MHz USP system and various solutions which contains different Mg, B and ethanol
concentrations and gas atmospheres were used to obtain 800nm to 1.4m thick MgB2 films. Some of
the films produced were heated in-situ in the spraying chamber during deposition and some of them
were annealed in the tube furnace under Mg vapor. According to results obtained ex-situ annealed
samples have better transport performance than the in-situ produced films. The Tc of the samples were
obtained to be 38.3 K and 37.6 K for ex-situ and in-situ prepared films, respectively. The critical
current density of the films, 2.1x107 Acm-2 for ex-situ annealed films and 8.8x106 Acm-2 for in-situ
produced films, have also showed similar behavior. This indicates that ex-situ annealing process
provides an improvement for the flux pinning mechanism and that gives an increase on Hc2.
S-P-107

Nonlinear TE and TM –polarized guided waves in coplanar superlattice transmission lines

V.E. GRISHIN 1 and L.A. MURAVEY2

1
Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, AUSTRALIA
2
RSTU, RUSSIA
jefunr@hotmail.com
We have investigated the nonlinear properties of coplanar superlattice waveguide transmission
lines of the S-N(D)-S type. The system under consideration consists of layer bounded at two sides by
nonlinear medium characterized by diagonal dielectric tensor whose elements depend on the amplitude
of the electric field to e11= e22 ~|E1|^2 +|E2|^2. The power-dependent wavevector of one transverse
electric (TE) polarized mode and two transverse magnetic (TM) modes is calculated. It was shown that
besides symmetric and asymmetric there exist asymmetric modes at lower power flows exceeding
some certain minimum value. Bistable states of P-polarized nonlinear surface waves provided that the
power flow in the wave is the control parameter are also found .The phenomena of such Kerr-like
nonlinearities on the power-dependent wavevector and field distributions is given for a number of
potential devices proposed earlier for nonlinear media, including such as upper and low threshold
devices, optical layered switches, electromagnetic controlled antenna beam scanning, and perhaps
bistable layered switches. Materials in general limit the experimental relations of all the nonlinear
guided wave phenomena predicted to date.

The authors thank Dr. T. McMinn for useful discussions.

[1] V. E. Grishin , L.A.Muravey. Microwave radiation features of dissipative lattice. Journal of


Physics D: Applied Physics. Submitted in the 2009 .
[2] V. E. Grishin and M. A. Pinsky. ―Exact Solution Approach in Analysis of Resonance Properties of
Two-Dimensional Dissipative Josephson Lattice‖, Journal of Supercond. V.8, N 2, p.p.247-258
(1995).
S-P-108

Enhancement of transport and mechanical properties of alloyed in situ MgB2 wires after cold
high densification (CHPD)

M. S. A HOSSAIN1, C. SENATORE1 AND R. FLUKIGER1


1
Department of Applied Physics (GAP), University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
Shahriar.hossain@unige.ch

Binary and Malic acid doped MgB2 wires were fabricated by the in situ PIT method and were
subsequently treated by Cold High Pressure Densification (CHPD) before the final reaction of 4 hours
at 650°C [1, 2]. The sample length varied between 40 and 150 mm. The effect of pressure on Jc, Birr
and on the exponential n factor was studied at operating temperatures between 4.2 and 25 K. The
highest Jc performance so far was obtained after applying pressures of 1.5 GPa and more. The behavior
of Jc was found to be almost isotropic, the value of Jc = 1 x 104 A/cm2 at 4.2 K for the best wires being
found at 13.4 and 13.0 T in parallel and perpendicular field, respectively. The corresponding values at
20 K were 6.4 and 6.0, respectively. The exponential n factors in cold densified binary and malic acid
doped wires were also strongly increased, at 4.2 as well as at 20 and 25 K. The observed improvement
of Jc and Birr as well as the enhanced n factors in cold densified MgB2 wires were found to be
correlated to the improved connectivity, as shown by the reduction of the normal state electrical
resistivity and the higher local homogeneity, as revealed by calorimetric measurements. After
densification at various pressures, an increase of the Vickers microhardness in the filament cross-
sections and an enhancement of the mass density from 46 to 60% of the theoretical density were
observed.

The present CHPD method was successfully applied to a variety of configurations, on binary and
alloyed MgB2 wires (the additives being malic acid and SiC) and on monel and Fe sheaths. So far, wire
lengths up to 150 mm length have been successfully densified, the improvement of Jc and Birr being
confirmed in all cases, even after a succession of 6 overlapping pressure steps. This is a promising step
in view of the future application of CHPD to industrial wire lengths.

[1] R. Flükiger, M.S.A. Hossain, C. Senatore, Supercond. Sci. Technol., 22(2009)085002


[2] M.S.A. Hossain, C. Senatore, M.A. Rindfleisch, M.J. Tomsic, J. H. Kim, S. X. Dou , R. Flükiger,
Supercond. Sci. Technol., 22(2009)095004.
S-P-109

Nanostructural high-pressure synthesized MgB2-based materials with extremely High SC


performance

T. PRIKHNA1, W. GAWALEK2, YA.SAVCHUK1, M. EISTERER3, W.GOLDACKER4,


M. WENDT2, J. DELLITH 2, V. TKACH1, V. MEEROVICH5, H.WEBER3, S. DUB1,
V.MOSHCHIL1, N.SERGIENKO1, T.HABISREUTHER2, D.LITZKENDORF 2, CH. SCHMIDT2,
V.MELNIKOV1, P.NAGORNY1 and V.SVERDUN 1
1
Institute for Superhard Materials of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev 04074, UKRAINE
2
Institut für Photonische Technologien, Jena, D-07745,GERMANY
3
Atomic Institute of the Austrian Universities, 1020 Vienna, AUSTRIA
4
Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Institut für Technische Physik, Postfach 3640, D-76021 Karlsruhe, GERMANY
5
Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O.B. 653, Beer-Sheva 84105 ISRAEL
prikhna@mail.ru, prikhna@iptelecom.net.ua

Superconducting transition temperatures from 34.5 up to 39.4 K, critical current densities of 1.8–
1.010 A/cm2 in self field and 103 in 8 T field at 20 K, 3–1.5105 A/cm2 in self field at 35 K, HC2 15 T at 22
6

K and Hirr 13 T at 20 K have been registered for nanocrystalline high-pressure synthesized MgB2-based
materials. As TEM and SEM study show, dispersed higher borides and rather big amount (5-14%) of
oxygen (bonded simultaneously with Mg and B) can be present in the structure even if X-ray pattern
contains only reflexes of well crystallized MgB2 with traces of MgO. Materials with such a rather high
oxygen content demonstrated high superconducting characteristics and no regularities between a total
oxygen content and critical current density have been found. There are no clear regularities between the
structural features of the material and its superconducting characteristics (T c, jc, Bc2, Hirr), as well as
generally accepted mechanisms of the effect of specially introduced additives on these characteristics. At
present it is established that nanosized MgB12 grains provide effective pinning in polycrystalline material.
It is highly probable that the additives (Ti, Ta, Zr, SiC) together with synthesis or sintering temperature can
affect the distribution of oxygen and hydrogen in the material structure as well as the formation of grains of
higher borides, thus influencing superconducting properties. The fact that rather high critical current
densities (commensurable with that for the materials with additions) can be attained in materials produced
only from Mg and B or from MgB2 is support the idea concerning the primary importance for high
superconducting characteristic of MgB2-based materials of the character or manner of oxygen (oxygen
enriched Mg-B-O inclusions, in particular), boron (or higher borides), hydrogen, and carbon admixture
(which probably present in the starting materials) distribution in the material.
The possibility to attain a comparatively high critical current density in a material with near MgB 12
matrix points to the probability that the MgB12 phase has the SC properties (with Tc about 37 K) or that for
a flow of comparatively high percolation current it is surprisingly small amount of MgB 2 phase in the
material enough to be present. The existed uncertainty in connection with the determination of MgB12
structure (orthorhombic or hexagonal) and a mosaic structure of grains of phase with near MgB 12
stoichiometry, which are formed in polycrystalline materials, still leave the question open, despite the
mentioned in literature fact that for the orthorhombic MgB12 single crystal preliminarily measurements
showed the absence of SC down to 2 K.
The highest mechanical properties achieved for bulk MgB 2 –based materials are as follows: the
Vickers hardness under a 148.8 N-load Hv=10.120.2 GPa and fracture toughness under the same load
K1C=7.6 2.0 MPa m0.5, Young modulus E=273 GPa. The bulk MgB2–based materials can be used for
cryogenic machine-building (electromotors, pumps, generators), for magnetic shielding and fault current
limitation, in microwave devices.
S-P-110

Observation of higher suppression of superconducting transition temperature in YBa2Cu3O7-  /


La0.5Sr0.5CoO3 as compared to YBa2Cu3O7-  / La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 bilayers

D. SAMAL and P.S. ANIL KUMAR

Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science,C V Raman Avenue, Bangalore 560012, INDIA
anil@physics.iisc.ernet.in

We report the experimental investigations of suppression of superconductivity due to pair


breaking effect induced by ferromagnetic layer in YBa2Cu3O7-  / La0.5Sr0.5CoO3 and YBa2Cu3O7-  /
La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 bi-layers of various thicknesses fabricated by pulsed laser deposition. The
magnetization measurements such as M-H and M-T plots reveal the coexistence of both ferromagnetic
and superconducting diamagnetic phases present in the bilayers. The current dependent electrical
transport studies in the bi-layers exhibit a significant reduction in the superconducting transition
temperature with the increase in applied current as compared to single YBa2Cu3O7-  layer and
moreover the superconducting transition temperature in YBa2Cu3O7-  / La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 bilayer is
surprisingly found to be much larger than the YBa2Cu3O7-  / La0.5Sr0.5CoO3 bilayers. In the context of
spin polarized driven pair-breaking effect, it is highly pertinent to believe a higher suppression of
superconductivity in YBa2Cu3O7-  / La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 as compared to YBa2Cu3O7-  / La0.5Sr0.5CoO3
bilayers, since La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 has very high spin polarization at the Fermilevel. However, it appears
from our present experimental results that the current driven from a low spin polarization (-11%)
ferromagnetic material like La0.5Sr0.5CoO3 can also suppress the superconductivity to a larger extent
This indicates that the spin polarization of the ferromagnetic electrode is not the only criteria to
determine the suppression of superconductivity by pair breaking effect in superconductor/ferromagnet
hybrid structures; rather the transparency of the interface for the spin polarization, the formation of
vortex state due to the stray field of ferromagnetic layer and ferromagnetic domain patterns might play
compound significant roles to understand such effect.
S-P-111

Development of high performance (RE)BCO bulk nanocomposites for high field engineering
applications

N. HARI BABU1, Y. SHI2, K. IIDA3 and D. A.CARDWELL2


1
BCAST, Brunel University, UK
2
Department of Engineering, Cambridge University, UK
3
IFW-Dresden, Germany
mtsthbn@brunel.ac.uk

Single grain (LRE)-Ba-Cu-O (light rare earth, LRE = Nd, Sm, Eu and Gd) high temperature
superconductors (HTS) have considerable potential for engineering applications because of their
ability to trap magnetic fields significantly higher than those achievable with permanent magnets. As a
result, bulk HTS offer considerable potential for both improving the performance of existing devices
that incorporate permanent magnets and developing new, high field applications. Due to their higher
critical current density, Jc and irreversibility field, Birr, the magnetic field trapping ability of (LRE)-
Ba-Cu-O [(LRE)BCO] bulk superconductors is generally superior to that of the more commonly melt-
processed YBCO. However, potential large scale application of these materials to date has been
limited due to the lack of a practical processing technique, particularly for medium scale, batch
production levels. Such a processing route for the fabrication of (LRE)BCO single grains involving a
generic seed crystal has been developed based on a cold seeding technique and a top seeded melt
growth (TSMG) process that is performed in an air atmosphere. In addition, we have developed a
novel processing route for the introduction of nanoscale RE2Ba4CuMOy phase inclusions into the
single grain for improving magnetic flux pinning. We report these recent processing developments for
the fabrication of high performance RE)-Ba-Cu-O single grain nano-composites.
S-P-112

Impact of Mn substitution at Ru site in RuSr2(Eu1.4Ce0.6)Cu2O10-δ magneto-superconductor

ANUJ KUMAR1,2, SHAHNAWAZ1, V.P.S. AWANA2 and H. KISHAN2


1
Department of Physics & Astrophysics, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007 INDIA
2
National Physical Laborator (CSIR), Dr.K.S.Krishnan Marg, New Delhi-110012 INDIA
kumaranuj1@mail.nplindia.ernet.in

We observed the effect of Mn ion substitution on the structural, superconducting and magnetic
properties of polycrystalline series Ru1-xMnxSr2(Eu1.4Ce0.6)Cu2O10-δ. Structural analysis and
Magnetization study have been carried out on a series of compound with x = 0.0-0.50. All the samples
crystallizes with tetragonal structure in I4/mmm space group. RuSr2(Eu1.4Ce0.6)Cu2O10-δ (EuRu-1222)
is a reported magneto-superconductor with magnetic ordering at 100K and superconductivity occurs at
 40K[1,2]. The exact nature of Ru spin magnetic ordering is still being debated and no conclusion has
been reached yet. Here we found the superconducting transition temperature Tc=14K from the dc
magnetization measurements for undoped samples. The superconducting transition temperature
decreases with the Mn doping. DC magnetic susceptibility measurements exhibited ferromagnetic like
transition for all the synthesized samples. It was also observed that the net magnetic moment decreases
gradually with Mn doping, though not monotonically. It seems that doping of Mn in EuRu-1222 at Ru
site enhance the AFM of Ru spin and suppress the FM components. So the RuO6 octahedra of EuRu-
1222 may cause the frustration of magnetic ordering of the Ru ions leading to glassy behavior in this
compound. Therefore our results point out some coupling between superconductivity and magnetism.

0.5 H = 10 Oe 1/10-eum/g-Mn0%
emu/g-Mn1%
emu/g-Mn2%
emu/g-Mn5%
0.4 emu/g-Mn10%
emu/g-Mn20%
M (emu/g)

4
0.3
3 EuRu-1222
2 T = 5K
1
M (emu/g)

0.2 0
-1
-2
0.1 -3
-4-1000 -500 0 500 1000
H(Oe)
0.0

0 50 100 150
T (K)

[1] I. Felner, U. Asaf, Y. Livi and O. Millo, Phys. Rev. B 55, R3374 (1997).
[2] V.P.S. Awana, H. Kishan, O. Eshkenazi, I. Felner, R. Rawat, V. Ganesan, and A.V. Narlikar, J.
Phys.: Condens. Matter 19, 026203 (2007).
S-P-113

Transition temperature and superconducting energy gap of single-wall carbon nanotubes

HESHMATOLLAH YAVARI and MOHAMADALI ERFAN SHAHREZA

University of Isfahan, Faculty of science, Department of Physics, Hezarjerib.st, Isfahan IRAN


hs_yavary@yahoo.com

Based on the BCS mean field theory the superconducting transition temperature Tc and
superconducting energy gap of single-wall carbon nanotubes are calculated analytically. We found that
the transition temperature and superconducting paring at zero temperature decreases exponentially
with the increase of the tube diameter because the density of states near the Fermi energy is inversely
proportional to the tube diameter.
S-P-114

Structural and optical characteristics of ZnS/CdS thin films

K.S. CHANG

Department of Natural Science, Korea Air Force Academy, Cheongwon-gun, Chungbuk, KOREA
eunja59@naver.com

In order to find the optical properties of ZnS/CdS thin films compared with those of CdS thin
films, they were made using 99.99% ZnS and CdS (Aldrich) powders in 7 × 10-6 torr. The ZnS layer
was coated over the CdS layer on an AlOx membrane within a vacuum, at the average speed of 1
Å/sec. After studying the ZnS/CdS and CdS thin films (both with the dimensions of 2.52 nm), using
fluorescence spectroscopy and comparing the respective results together, we found that although both
of the resulting spectra peaked at 390 nm, the ZnS/CdS thin films showed a narrower peak, and a
higher intensity of photoluminescence than the CdS thin films. The particles of ZnS/CdS thin films
also proved to be more homogeneous in size. In addition, the ZnS layer acted as a protective layer.
Also, after studying the spectra of ZnS/CdS thin films taken 30 days after their preparation, we found
no signs of aging. These results were verified through the scanning electron microscopy (SEM), EDX
analysis, thin film X-ray diffraction, and luminescence spectroscopy.
S-P-115

Investigations for the growth of large underdoped Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+d single crystals and neutron
scattering measurements

SONIA DE ALMEIDA-DIDRY1,2, FABIEN GIOVANNELLI1, ISABELLE LAFFEZ1,


YVAN SIDIS2 and PHILIPPE BOURGES2
1
Laboratoire d’Electrodynamique des Matériaux Avancés, UMR 6157 CNRS-CEA, Université François Rabelais, Site de
l’IUT de Blois, 3 pl. Jean Jaurès, 41029 Blois, FRANCE
2
Laboratoire Léon Brillouin, CEA-CNRS, CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, FRANCE
sonia.dealmeida@univ-tours.fr

In optimally and underdoped regimes, high-Tc copper oxide superconductors exhibit a pseudo-
gap state with anomalous properties below a temperature T*, large compared to the superconducting
transition temperature, Tc. The origin of pseudogap is a challenging issue as it might eventually lead to
identify the superconducting mechanism. To explore the pseudo-gap, we have studied
Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+d (Bi-2212) system in the underdoped regime of the phase diagram.
Among high temperature superconducting copper oxide materials, Bi-2212 system has attracted
a lot of interest since this system can be easily cleaved and provides high quality surfaces. It has been
therefore widely used for the study of electronic excitations using surface sensitive techniques such as
ARPES, STM, optical conductivity and electronic Raman spectroscopy [1]. At variance, its magnetic
properties have been hardly studied by inelastic neutron scattering technique, since it is still rather
difficult to grow large underdoped single crystals.
In order to overcome this difficulty, we studied the crystal growth of Bi-2212 by travelling
solvent floating zone method (TSFZ) [2]. Then different routes have been investigated to obtain
underdoped single crystals with volumes larger than hundreds of mm3: influence of low oxygen
pressure during the growth [3], synthesis of Y-doped Bi-2212 [4] and effect of low oxygen pressure
annealing on Bi-2212 single crystals [5].
Using polarized elastic neutron diffraction on 4F1 at LLB (CE Saclay), we could identified a
hidden magnetic order in the underdoped Bi-2212 system already observed in YBa2Cu3O6+d and
HgBa2CuO4+d compounds. We have also carried out a polarized neutron scattering study on IN20 at
ILL. The energy scan performed at the antiferromagnetic wave vector (0.5,0.5,14) indicates an
excitation located at 40 meV which corresponds to the so-called magnetic resonance peak as observed
at Er~5.4kBTc in the superconducting state of optimally doped and overdoped Bi-2212 [6-9].

[1] For a review, M. Eschrig, Adv. Phys. 55, 47 (2006).


[2] J.S. Wen et al, J. Crystal Growth 310, 1401 (2008).
[3] B. Liang, C.T. Lin, J. Crystal Growth 237 (2002) 756.
[4] D. B. Mitzi, L. W. Lombardo, and A. Kapitulnik, Phys. Rev. B 41, 6564 (1990).
[5] B. Liang, C.T. Lin, A. Maljuk, Y. Yan, J. Crystal Growth 366, 254 (2002).
[6] H.F. Fong et al, Nature 398, 588 (1999).
[7] H.F. He et al, Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 1610 (2001).
[8] L. Capogna et al, Phys. Rev. B 75, 060502(R) (2007).
[9] B. Fauqué et al., Phys. Rev. B 76, 214512 (2007).
S-P-116

Effect of Y2BaCuO5 precursor refinement on the critical current density of liquid infiltration
growth processed YBa2Cu3O7-y bulk superconductors

A. MAHMOOD1, 2, B. H. JUN1 and C. J. KIM1


1
Neutron Science Division, Superconductivity Research Laboratory, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI),
Daejon 305-353, Korea
2
University of Science and Technology (UST), Yuseong-gu, Daejon 305-333, Korea
asifmahmoodawan@hotmail.com

We have succeeded in enhancing the critical current density (Jc) of liquid infiltrated Y-Ba-Cu-
O (YBCO) bulk superconductors by employing the attrition milled Y2BaCuO5 (Y211) powder as a
precursor. The milling time was optimized by milling the precursor powder for 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 h at a
rotation speed of 400 rpm using ZrO2 balls in ethanol. Single-grain YBCO samples up to 20 mm in
diameter were fabricated from the precursors containing milled Y211 powders. The microstructure
investigation was done by an optical microscope (OM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) for
the polished/etched surfaces of the infiltrated samples. The magnetization curves of the rectangular
samples with the dimensions of about 2x2.5x2 mm3 were obtained at 77 K and H//c-axis using a
superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) magnetometer. For oxygen embedding in
YBa2Cu3O7-x (Y123) samples, the infiltrated YBCO samples were annealed at 500 oC for 300 h in
flowing oxygen.
The microstructure analysis revealed that the infiltrated samples exhibited a significantly lower
porosity and crack free surfaces. A refinement and uniform distribution of the Y211 particles in the
Y123 phase matrix were achieved by using the attrition milled Y211 powder. The Jc of the YBCO
bulk superconductors fabricated in this study were observed to correlate well with the attrition milling
time of the Y211 precursor powder. The Jc increased with the increase of milling time and reached to a
maximum for the sample prepared using powder milled for 8 h without any degradation of
superconducting transition temperature.
It is concluded that the attrition milling of the precursor powder has a beneficial effect on the
morphology, the size and the distribution of Y211 inclusions, leading to microstructural and pinning
improvements.
S-P-117

Milling effect of Y2BaCuO5 precursor powder with 1 wt.% CeO2 addition on the critical current
density of liquid infiltration growth processed YBa2Cu3O7-y bulk superconductors

A. MAHMOOD1, 2, B- H. JUN1, Y. H. HAN3 and C- J. KIM1


1
Neutron Science Division, Superconductivity Research Laboratory, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI),
Daejon 305-353, Korea
2
University of Science and Technology (UST), Yuseong-gu, Daejon 305-333, Korea
3
Superconductivity and Application Group, Korea Electric Power Research Institute, Daejeon, 305-380, Korea
asifmahmoodawan@hotmail.com

We have succeeded in enhancing the critical current density (Jc) of liquid infiltration growth
(LIG) processed Y-Ba-Cu-O (YBCO) bulk superconductors by employing the milled Y2BaCuO5
(Y211) powder as a starting material. The Y211 precursor powder having 1 wt.% CeO2 addition was
milled for 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 h at a rotation speed of 400 rpm using ZrO2 balls in ethanol. All the Y211
green compacts were sintered at 1200 oC for 2 h in air prior to the LIG process. The microstructure
investigation was done by an optical microscope (OM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) for
the polished/etched surfaces of the infiltrated samples. For the measurement of superconducting
properties, the infiltrated YBCO samples with the dimensions of about 2.5x2x1 mm3 were annealed at
500 oC for 300 h in flowing oxygen. The magnetization curves of the rectangular samples were
obtained at 77 K and H//c-axis using a magnetic property measurement system (MPMS).
The microstructure analysis revealed that the infiltrated samples exhibited a significantly lower
porosity in the sample prepared using 8 h milled powder as compared to other samples. A refinement
and uniform distribution of the Y211 particles in the Y123 matrix varied as a function of milling time.
A relatively high density and uniform distribution of Y211 inclusions were in the sample prepared
using 8 h milled powder. The Jc of the LIG processed YBCO bulk superconductors achieved was
dependent on the milling time for the Y211 precursor powder. The Jc increased with the increase of
milling time and reached to a maximum for 8 h without any degradation of superconducting transition
temperature.
The results strongly indicate that the introduction of milled Y211 precursor powder having 1
wt.% CeO2 addition as well as sintering at high temperature prior to the LIG process has valuable
effects on the microstructure and the superconducting properties of single-domain YBCO bulk
superconductors.

Acknowledgement

This research was supported from Electric Power Industry Technology Evaluation & Planning
(ETEP) Center, Republic of Korea.
S-P-118

Superconductivity in Undoped Diamond-like BC3 Phase

A.K.M.A. ISLAM, M. M. ALI, F. PARVIN and M. AFTABUZZAMAN

Department of Physics, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi-6205, BANGLADESH


azi46@ru.ac.bd

Two possible phases of superhard material BC3 originating from the cubic diamond structure
are investigated by ab initio pseudopotential density functional method using generalized gradient
approximation (GGA). We calculate their structural properties, elastic constants, electronic band
structure, and density of states (DOS). The phonon frequencies, electron-phonon coupling constant and
possible superconducting Tc of the metallic phase with tetragonal symmetry (t-BC3, space group P4 2m )
formed by alternately stacking sequence of metallic CBC block and insulating CCC block have also
been investigated. The calculated electron-phonon coupling = 0.66 and the logarithmically-averaged
-1
ln,= 763 cm show superconductivity for the undoped t-BC3 at Tc = 17.5 K.
S-P-119

Reversible and irreversible properties of MgB2 Samples Doped with Al

A.F. SALEM1, KH. A. ZIQ1 and A.A. BAHGAT2


1
Department of Physics, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, SAUDI ARABIA
2
Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11884, Cairo, EGYPT
afsalem@kfupm.edu.sa

Samples of Mg1-xAlxB2 (x = 0, 0.025, 0.045, 0.065, 0.14 and 0.27) were prepared by solid state
reaction method. Magnetization measurements were performed at various temperatures below Tc and
in fields up to 9 T using VSM. The transition temperature has been found to decrease with Al content.
Two slopes of Tc vs x were observed; a small slope of Tc for low doping levels of Al (i.e. 2.5 %, 4.5 %
and 6.5%) in comparison with a steeper drop at high Al-concentrations (14% and 27%).
The irreversible properties have been studied using Beans critical state model: in particular, the
critical current density (Jc) and the pinning force (Pf) have been evaluated.
The reversible magnetization has been used to calculate the thermodynamic critical field (Hc).
Based on the behavior of Hc for different samples at different temperatures, we managed to calculate
the jump in the electronic specific heat, the lower energy gap, strength of coupling and the electronic
density of states near the Fermi level.
As far as the lower energy gap is concerned, the samples with low Al-concentration have
almost the same gap. However, the 14 % shows a large energy gap then 27 % shows the smallest gap.
Our results are compared with direct measurements done by others using high resolution scanning
tunneling spectroscopy (STS) [1].
The coupling in the pure sample, lies overall above the zero line which makes it just in the
strong phonon coupling region. The addition of Al weakens the phonon coupling, ultimately becoming
weak coupling superconductor.
The density of states near Fermi level found to decrease as the Al-concentration increases. This
is one of the reasons of the decrease of the transition temperature according to the BCS theory.
In the intermediate field region, beyond the maxima in the pinning force, low Al-doping (<5%)
causes increase in both the critical current density and the pinning force values. However, higher Al-
concentrations lead to a gradual reduction in both the critical current density and the pinning force.
A new scaling approach has been applied to obtain a universal behavior for both Jc and Pf. This
approach is based on vortex core energy (which is related to Hc2).

[1] F. Giubileo, F. Bobba, A. Scarfato, A. M. Cucolo, A. Kohen, D. Roditchev, N. D. Zhigadlo,


and J. Karpiniski, Phys. Rev. B 76, 024507 (2007).
S-P-120

New superconducting Tl-based 1212 cuprates containing selenium (Tl1-xSex)Sr2CaCu2O7-δ

A.N. ELDEWIK1, M.M. HAMZA1 and F.S. RAZAVI2


1
Chemistry Dept., Faculty of Science, 7th of April University, Zawia, LIBYA
2
Dept. of Physics, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, L2S 3A1 CANADA
beldewik@7aprilu.edu.ly

New superconducting layered cuprates of the 1212 phase have been synthesized in the (Tl 1-x Sex)
Sr2Ca Cu2 O7- δ system using sol–gel process. X-ray diffraction study shows that the almost-single
phase samples are obtained within a region of 0.0≤x ≤ 0.4. The sample with x = 0.0, 0.1 and 0.3 shows
a semiconductor-like behavior down to 10K. For the sample with x = 0.2 and 0.4 are superconductor
materials with Tc 72K, and 82K respectively. The crystal structure of sample with x = 0 has a
tetragonal symmetry with the lattice parameters of a = 0.378 nm and c = 1.209 nm.
S-P-121

Effective surface resistance of superconductors: Numerical simulation

I.O. HAMZA 1 and O. YILDIRIM 2


1
Ordu cad. Sehit Fikret Sogutler Sk. Enes Apt. No: 20/5 Bahcelievler, Istanbul, TURKEY
2
Istanbul Kultur Universitesi, Incirli Yerleskesi, Incirli, Bakırkoy, Istanbul, TURKEY
ilknurhamza@gmail.com & o.yildirim@iku.edu.tr

As it is well-known, the materials may be characterized as dielectrics, semiconductors,


magnetic materials and so on by means of electromagnetic waves. In other words, the material
properties such as permitivity, permeability, mobility, and surface impedance can be depicted by using
electromagnetic properties of the material. Dielectric properties of materials have been widely used in
a variety of applications ranging from medical devices to space technologies. This research deals with
the electromagnetic methods for material properties characterization that has used in many disciplines.
It is noted that the accurate measurements of the surface resistance of high temperature
superconductors are essential for the development and commercialization of the next generation of
high performance industrial systems. For example, a superconductor wire which works at at high
temperature offers high power density and high efficiency compared to conventional copper wire.
Similarly, superconductor generators offer higher efficiencies than conventional machines over their
full range of operation.
In this research we discuss the effective surface resistance of superconductor through numerical
simulations including the properties of the various types of superconductors used in commercial
systems. The results indicate that the effects of the substrate on the measured surface resistance of
superconducting layer must be taken into account.
S-P-122

Microwave Surface Impedance of κ-(BEDT-TTF)2Cu[N(CN)2]Br Single Crystals

A.F. SHEVCHUN1 and M.R. TRUNIN1,2


1
Institute of Solid State Physics RAS, Chernogolovka, RUSSIA
2
Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Moscow, RUSSIA
trunin@issp.ac.ru

We have performed accurate microwave measurements of the in-plane surface impedance


Zac(T)=Rac(T)+iXac(T) on two single crystals of organic superconductor κ-(BEDT-
TTF)2Cu[N(CN)2]Br in the temperature range 0.5 K ≤ T ≤ 100 K. The crystals have the approximate
dimensions 0.5×0.5×0.05 mm3. To measure the surface impedance Zac we employed a ―hot-finger‖
cavity perturbation technique at a frequency of 28 GHz.
In the normal state we find the temperature dependence of resistivity ρac(T). Just above Tc=12
K, we obtain ρac(13 K)=170 μΩ cm. At temperatures about 45 K the normal state skin-depth δ(T) is
comparable with the sample thickness, and the shape of the ρac(T) curves is influenced by the size
effect.
In the superconducting state the in-plane penetration depth λac(0) = 0.7 μm is determined. The
observed linear temperature dependence Δλac(T) ~ T at T<Tc/3 indicates d-wave order parameter
symmetry in this compound.

Figure1. Temperature dependence of the surface impedance components Rac(T) and Xac(T) in the
crystal. Inset : (a) In-plane resistivity ρac(T). (b) Penetration depth λac(T) at low temperatures.
S-P-123

Size effect of insulating nano-inclusions in Y-Ba-Cu-O bulk superconductors fabricated by


seeded infiltration growth

NAHED MOUTALBI1, ALI M‘CHIRGUI1 and JACQUES G. NOUDEM2


1
Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, 7021 Zarzouna Bizerte TUNISIA
2
CRISMAT Laboratory, CNRS UMR 6508 ENSICAEN/CNRS et Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, 6 Bd Maréchal
Juin, F-14050 Caen Cedex 04 FRANCE
nahed.moutalbi@yahoo.fr

The generation of effective artificial pinning centers can contribute to the enhancement of
pinning capability and the improvement of Jc performance under high magnetic fields. We have
conducted an experimental study on the effect of the pinning centers size on the superconducting
properties in textured YBCO samples. In this work, we investigated the effectiveness of an insulating
inclusion addition on superconducting and magnetic properties of textured YBCO bulk materials. The
purpose of this study was to ascertain whether the size of artificial pinning centers is able to affect the
superconducting properties of our samples. To this effect insulating nano-pinning centers with two
different size distributions have been successfully incorporated within YBCO matrix of bulk
superconductor by slightly doping with nano-particle alumina dispersions. Two alumina nano-particle
dispersions with mean size diameters of about 20nm and 130nm were used. The microstructure and
superconducting properties were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and SQUID.
The results indicate that slight inclusions of nano-alumina can greatly enhance the flux pinning
capability of samples. This study underlines the dependence of the pinning force on the size of the
pinning centers. We have found that the size of the pinning centers can affect considerably the Jc
performance in high magnetic fields. Our results provide a new insight towards understanding the
effect of the pinning size that can improve superconducting properties. An improved experimental and
theoretical understanding of the effect of the size of the pinning centers on the pinning force could
permit the design of the optimal size of the pinning center and lead to the achievement of a high
critical current density Jc in high magnetic field.
S-P-124

The YBa2Cu3O7-based film with defect comprised of self-assembled nanoinclusions

O. BOYTSOVA1, S. SAMOILENKOV 2, V. AMELICHEV 3, RUDNEV4 and A. KAUL3


1
Materials Sciences Department, Moscow State University, RUSSIA
2
Institute of High Temperature RAS, RUSSIA
3
Department of Chemistry,Moscow State University, RUSSIA
4
Moscow State Ingineering Physics Institute, RUSSIA
boytsova@gmail.com

Significant research activity of recent years is focused on processing of YBCO (or RBCO)
films containing nano-sized non-superconducting inclusions of secondary phases, which can act as
pinning centers. Special attention is paid to inclusions of oxides with perovskite structure, such as
BaZrO3 [1], BaSnO3 [2] and BaHfO3 [3]. The critical current of YBCO superconducting coatings in
external magnetic field can be enhanced by incorporating high density of extended nanometer-sized
defects to act as pinning centers for magnetic vortexes. One particular variant involves the deposition
superconducting film with columnar defects comprised of self-assembled BaZrO3, BaSnO3 or BaHfO3
nanoinclusions. Here we report the results of our study of YBCO films with different inclusions
prepared by MOCVD. For the first time, we succeeded in growth of YBCO films with oriented
nanoinclusions of BaCeO3 phase and demonstrate that it does not reduce Tc of YBCO, in contrast to
BaZrO3 or BaSnO3. The best composite thin films revealed the Tc value of about 88K and critical
current density at 77K above 1MA/cm2 in self-field and around 0.3 MA/cm2 in 1 T (B//c)

[1] Goyal Aet al. Supercond. Sci. Technol. 18, 1533 (2005)
[2] Varanasi C V, Barnes P N, Burke J, Brunke L et al Supercond.Sci.Technol,. 19, L37 (2006).
[3] Engel S, Thersleff T, Hühne R, Schultz L and Holzapfel B Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 102505 (2007).
S-P-125

Spin and Phase dynamics in Ferromagnetic Josephson junctions

I. PETKOVIC1, M. APRILI1, S. BARNES2,3 and S. MAEKAWA4,5


1
Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, University Paris-Sud, CNRS, UMR 8502, 91405 Orsay, France.
2
Theory of Condensed Matter Group, Cavendish Laboratory, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK.
3
Physics Department, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33124, USA.
4
Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan.
5
CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Sanbancho, Tokyo 102-0075, Japan.

We‘ll present two experiments on the coupled dynamics of the superconducting and
ferromagnetic order parameters. More precisely, we will focus on the effect of spin waves on the
phase dynamics of ferromagnetic Josephson junctions. We identify a coupling that arises within the
Fraunhofer interferential description of the Josephson effect, because the magnetic layer acts as a time
dependent phase plate. We show that the ac-Josephson current excites the ferromagnetic resonance
(FMR) that in turn reduces the Josephson current. Therefore a spinwave resonance at a frequency ws
implies a dissipation that is reflected as a depression in the current-voltage curve of the Josephson
junction when hws=2eV. Furthermore this dynamical coupling may originate hybrid spin and
electromagnetic modes in large area junctions in which the electromagnetic cavity modes have energy
comparable with the spin-waves. We have investigated the dispersion law of these modes by
measuring their strength as functions of the external applied magnetic field in a way similar to that
usually employed for the Fiske‘s steps in non-magnetic Josephson tunnel junctions.

This work was in part supported by CREST of JST, and EPSRC(UK)


MAGNETISM

INVITED TALKS
M-I-001

New coherence effects in magnetism: Nanometer-size qubits and spin-orbit qubits

B. BARBARA

Institut Néel, CNRS,


and
Institut Nanosciences et Cryogénie, CEA, Grenoble FRANCE

Rabi oscillations have been recently observed for the first time in two new species of magnetic
materials: the Single Molecular Magnets (SMMs) and the Rare-Earth ions (REs).
The SMM consisted of of 3d-transition metal ion V15 clusters embedded in a self-organized
non-magnetic environment. Coherence times__on the microsecond scale despite huge Hilbert space
dimensions__ have been studied vs molecule concentration showing the interplay between intra-
molecular nuclear-spin decoherence and inter-molecular electronic spin decoherence.
The Rare-Earth ions are simple paramagnetic ions (Gd3+, Ho3+, Er3+, Yb3+…) diluted in a non-
magnetic matrix (YLiF4, CaWO4…). Coherence times__reaching in some cases the milli-second scale
despite strong spin-orbit coupling favoring spin-lattice decoherence__have been studied vs field
orientation evidencing highly anisotropic Rabi frequencies resulting from their coupling with the
environmental crystal-field. The REs spin qubits, involving a strong spin-orbit coupling, can be called
―spin-orbit qubits‖.
The nanometer-size SMMs qubits would be particularly important in the case of self-organized one- or
two-dimensional supramolecular networks, where well separated magnetic species could be addressed
selectively, whereas the anisotropic behavior of Rabi oscillations of REs ions could be used for a new
type of spin manipulations using applied field vectors.
M-I-002

Reversible Strain Dependence of Ferroic Orders in Oxide Films

K. DÖRR1, A. D. RATA1, A. HERKLOTZ1, O. BILANI-ZENELI1, M. C. DEKKER1, L. SCHULTZ1,


M. REIBOLD2, M. D. BIEGALSKI3 and H. M. CHRISTEN3
1
IFW Dresden, Postfach 270116, 01171 Dresden, Germany
2
University of Technology Dresden, Triebenberglabor, Dresden, Germany
3
Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, PO Box 2008, Bethel Valley Rd., Oak Ridge,
TN 37831, USA
k.doerr@ifw-dresden.de

Mechanical strain is an efficient tool to control electronic properties in particular in strongly


correlated oxides with ferroelectric or magnetic orders. Recent advances in ab initio theory and
simulations of domain patterns provided meaningful predictions of strain dependences in
ferroelectrics. Even though efficient strain control is achieved by epitaxial growth on slightly
mismatching substrates, the reversible strain is a favourable complementary technique especially for
microstructure-dependent properties such as coercive fields or electrical conduction.

We investigate the continuous control of biaxial in-plane strain in epitaxial oxide perovskite
films and multilayers on piezoelectric substrates of Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)0.72Ti0.28O3 (001) (PMN-PT) by
thorough structure analysis using x-ray diffraction. Reversible strain experiments conducted in two
classes of materials will be discussed. (i) The doped LaCoO3 family is known for a pressure-dependent
spin state of the Co ions. We investigate the strain-dependent magnetization and electrical transport of
(La,Sr)CoO3 films to explore the strain control of the Co magnetic moment. (ii) The ferroelectric
polarization loops of epitaxial BiFeO3 and PbZr0.48Ti0.52O3 films in reversibly controlled strain states
are analysed. A strong and unusual strain dependence of the BiFeO3 coercivity suggests crucial impact
of strain on switching kinetics (domain nucleation or wall motion).
M-I-003

ZnO-based diluted magnetic semiconductors for spintronic applications

N. AKDOGAN

Gebze Institute of Technology, Department of Physics


Nanomagnetism and Spintronic Research Center (NASAM), TURKEY
akdogan@gyte.edu.tr

Diluted magnetic semiconductors (DMS) are promising candidates for spintronic applications
at ambient temperatures, provided that their Curie temperature (TC) is far enough above room
temperature. Therefore, a number of different semiconductor hosts have been investigated to test their
magnetic properties. In particular, the calculations of Dietl et al. [1] were the first to indicate that Mn-
doped ZnO could exhibit ferromagnetism above room temperature. Later, Sato et al. have also
investigated ZnO-based DMS by ab initio electronic structure calculations and reported ferromagnetic
ordering of 3d transition metal ions in ZnO [2]. These theoretical predictions initiated an outburst of
experimental activities of TM-doped ZnO. Actually, some of these studies indeed claim ferromagnetic
signals above room temperature. However, the origin of ferromagnetism in this system is still under
debate.
In this talk, I present a corresponding detailed study of the structural and magnetic properties of
a Co-implanted ZnO film grown on a sapphire substrate. The structural data indicate a Co cluster
formation in the sapphire substrate close to the ZnO/Al2O3 interface. However, no indication of
clustering in the ZnO layer has been found. The XAS data with a multiplet structure around the Co L3
edge clearly shows that the implanted cobalt ions are in the Co2+ oxidation state in Co-implanted ZnO
film. The magnetization measurements show that there are two magnetic phases in the Co-implanted
ZnO/Al2O3 films. One is the ferromagnetic phase due to the Co substitution on Zn sites in the ZnO
host matrix and the second magnetic phase originates from Co clusters in the sapphire substrate.
Furthermore, we have found very high magnetic moment of 2.81 µB per substituted cobalt atom with a
very high Curie temperature (TC>>400 K) in Co-implanted ZnO film [3]. The six-fold in-plane
magnetic anisotropy of the FMR signal has been observed for the first time in ZnO-based diluted
magnetic semiconductors is also a clear indication for long range ferromagnetic ordering between
substitutional cobalt ions in the single-crystalline ZnO films [4].

[1] T. Dietl, H. Ohno, F. Matsukura, J. Cibert, and D. Ferrand, Science, 287, 1019 (2000).
[2] K. Sato and H. Katayama-Yoshida, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 40, L334 (2001).
[3] N. Akdogan, A. Nefedov, K. Westerholt, H. Zabel, H. W. Becker, C. Somsen, R. Khaibullin, L.
Tagirov, J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 41, 165001 (2008).
[4] N. Akdogan, B. Rameev, S. Guler, O. Ozturk, B. Aktas, H. Zabel, R. Khaibullin, and L. Tagirov,
Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 102502 (2009).
M-I-004

Large magnetoresistance in half-metallic Heusler alloy Co2MnSi-based current-perpendicular-


to-plane magnetoresistive devices

K. TAKANASHI, Y. SAKURABA, K. IZUMI, S. BOSU and K. SAITO


1
Institute for Materials Research (IMR), Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, JAPAN
koki@imr.tohoku.ac.jp

Half-metallic materials have an energy band gap at the Fermi level only in the up or down spin-
channel. Therefore, a large spin-asymmetry of electron scattering, i.e., large difference between electrical
resistances for the up and down spin-electrons, is anticipated in current-perpendicular-to-plane (CPP) giant
magnetoresistance (GMR) devices. CPP-GMR devices consist of only metallic layers, therefore they attract
much interest as a next generation magnetic read head for higher-density hard disk drives (HDDs) above
the 1Tbit/inch2 class because of their small resistance per unit area (RA) suitable for high-speed reading.
Recently, our group has intensively studied CPP-GMR properties and interlayer exchagne coupling in
epitaxial trilayer structures using half-metallic Heusler alloy Co2MnSi(CMS) and Cr interlayer.[1-3] In this
study, we fabricated the CPP-GMR devices with fully-epitaxial CMS/Ag/CMS structures and
systematically investigated the magneto-transport properties compared with those in CMS/Cr/CMS.
CMS/Ag/CMS epitaxial trilayer films were prepared by UHV-compatible magnetron sputtering.
Both top and bottom CMS layers were annealed at 350 or 500C. The films were patterned into CPP-type
pillar structure with the size of 50 x 100 nm2 to 300 x 600 nm2 via micro-fabrication process. CPP-GMR
characteristics were investigated by a DC 4-probe method.
For the quantitative estimation of spin-asymmetries in CMS/Cr/CMS and CMS/Ag/CMS devices,
we investigated the CMS thickness dependence of RA before and after annealing (Fig.1). CMS layers
were annealed at 350C in both samples. As a result of fitting based on Valét-Fert model[4], bulk and
interfacial spin-asymmetries,  and , were evaluated to be 0.72 and 0.51, respectively, at RT for the
CMS/Cr/CMS. Interestingly,  was clearly large (~ 0.73) in the CMS/Ag/CMS compared to that in the
CMS/Cr/CMS. Furthermore, It was also found that  drastically increased to about 0.9 at low temperature
in both CMS/Ag/CMS and CMS/Cr/CMS.
In the CMS/Ag/CMS devices annealed at
500C, we found the highest MR ratio of 29.3% at RT
and 62.1% at 100K [5], which were much larger than
those observed in the CMS/Cr/CMS (8% at RT, 17%
at 10 K). The large MR ratio in CMS/Ag/CMS was
achieved by the above-mentioned large interface spin-
asymmetery which is due to good electrical band
matching of majority spin-band at the CMS/Ag
interface. Annealing temperature dependence of ,
and the MR ratio will be also discussed.

[1] K. Yakushiji et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 88, 222504


(2006).
[2] Y. Sakuraba et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 94, 012511
(2009).
[3] H. Wang et al. 90, 142510, (2007).
[4] T. Valét and A. Fert, Phys. Rev. B, 69, 144413
(2004). Fig. 1. CMS thickness dependence of RA in
[5] T. Iwase et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 2, 063003 (2009) CMS/ Cr/CMS and CMS/Ag/CMS devices.
The solid and dash lines are fitting results
based on ref. [4].
M-I-005

Biomagnetite: A promising nanoparticle and biomarker?

C. JIMENEZ-LOPEZ1, T. PEREZ-GONZALEZ1, C.VALVERDE-TERCEDOR1, T. PROZOROV2


and D.A. BAZYLINSKI3
1
Departamento de Microbiología, Universidad de Granada. Avda. Fuentenueva s/n, 18071 Granada, SPAIN
2
US DOE Ames Laboratory, Ames 50011, IA
3
School of Life Sciences, University of Nevada at Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154-4004 USA
cjl@ugr.es

Magnetite, ferrous-ferric oxide (Fe3O4), is a commonly-occurring mineral on Earth usually found in


many modern and ancient environments including sediments, soils and even meteorites. This mineral can
be produced either inorganically or biologically by a number of organisms, from prokaryotic
microorganisms to possibly humans. The biomineralization of magnetite by prokaryotes can be separated
into two mechanistic modes: 1) biologically induced mineralization (BIM), and 2) biologically controlled
mineralization (BCM) [1]. In general, BIM is a result of changes in the chemistry of the culture media
induced by the metabolic activity of microorganisms (mainly dissimilatory iron-reducing bacteria), also
helped by the fact that these microorganisms provide surfaces such as cell walls, membranes, debris and/or
polymeric materials, which act as important sites for the adsorption of ions and subsequent mineral
nucleation and growth. For both these reasons, BIM minerals are deposited external to the cell and share
much of the features of the inorganic precipitates [2], although it has been shown that some incorporate
organics within the crystal structure that alter such an structure [3]. On the contrary, BCM magnetites are
precipitated intracellularly as membrane-bounded structures called magnetosomes, suggesting that the
organism exerts a significant degree of control (probably genetic) over the nucleation and growth of the
crystals and thus, over the composition, size, habit, and intracellular location of the particles [4]. These
magnetites have unique crystal morphologies and a narrow size range, leading to their use as
magnetofossils and in nanotechnology. On one hand, and regarding the use of magnetite as a biomarker,
because of the discovery of nanometer-sized crystals of magnetite in the Martian meteorite ALH84001,
there is currently great debate over what criteria to use in the determination of whether natural magnetite
crystals are biogenic or not. In the last decade, new criteria have been established and new tools and
technologies are been developing to be able to recognize the origin of specific types of magnetite. On the
other hand, and since the nanotechnological applications of magnetite nanoparticles range from quantum
computing to cancer therapy, the synthesis of nanometer-sized magnetic particles has became one of the
most promising fields of applied nanotechnology and is a rapidly growing business that generates millions
of dollars. Magnetite biomineralization processes are a topic of intense study, due to the fact that, while
magnetotactic bacteria are able to produce magnetites that are structurally perfect, single domains, with
narrow size distribution, the production of such a magnetites by chemical means can be challenging.
Some factors not considered so far, like the presence of organics in the environment, cations
different to iron, and the presence of a magnetic field are able to alter the structure, chemical composition
and magnetic properties of magnetites and should be considered, on one hand when trying to recognize the
origin (biogenic/inorganic) of natural magnetites and, on the other hand, when trying to tune the magnetic
properties of magnetites to produce particles with novel magnetic properties.

[1] R. B. Frankel and D. A. Bazylinski, Rev. Mineral. Geochem., 54, 217-247 (2003).
[2] D. A. Bazylinski, R. B. Frankel and K. O. Konhauser, Geomicrobiol. J., 24, 465-475 (2007).
[3] T. Perez-Gonzalez, C. Jimenez-Lopez, et al., Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta (in press) (2009).
[4] D. A. Bazylinski and R. B. Frankel, Rev. Mineral. Geochem., 54, 95-114 (2003).
M-I-006

Iron et al.: The incorporation of manganese into the crystal lattice of magnetosome magnetite

T. PROZOROV1, T. PEREZ-GONZALEZ 2,3, C. JIMENEZ-LOPEZ 2,


D. A. BAZYLINSKI3, S. K. MALLAPRAGADA1,4 and R. PROZOROV1,5
1
US DOE Ames Laboratory, Ames IA 50011, USA
2
Departamento de Microbiología, Universidad de Granada. Avda. Fuentenueva s/n, 18071 Granada, SPAIN
3
School of Life Sciences, University of Nevada at Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA
4
Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
5
Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames IA 50011, USA
tprozoro@ameslab.gov

The synthesis of nanometer-sized magnetic particles, through variety of methods represents one
of the most promising fields of applied nanotechnology,and is a rapidly growing business that
generates millions of dollars. The biomineralization of magnetotactic bacterial magnetite nanoparticles
is a topic of intense research due to the particles‘ well-ordered crystal structure, narrow size range and
consistent species-specific morphologies and, as a consequence of these features, their well-defined
magnetic properties [1].
It has long been thought possible to influence the biomineralization of magnetite by controlling
culture conditions of magnetotactic and dissimilatory iron-reducing bacteria in the presence of metal
ions other than iron, in order to produce magnetic nanocrystals of complex stoichiometry with novel
magnetic properties. Recently, the incorporation of small amounts of cobalt and manganese in
magnetosome magnetite crystals in cultured and uncultured magnetotactic bacteria, respectively, was
reported [2]. Magnetic properties of the uncultured cells and their magnetosomes were not determined
while only very small changes in the magnetic properties of the cultured cells grown with cobalt and
their magnetosomes were observed. In addition, there was little to no evidence to show that these
metals were actually incorporated into the crystal lattice [2].
In the presented work, we grew cells of a magnetotactic bacterium, Magnetospirillum
gryphiswaldense strain MSR-1, in the presence of manganese, ruthenium, zinc and vanadium. While
cells grown in the presence of these ions exhibited changes in the number of magnetosomes per cell
and magnetosome size, only manganese was incorporated within the magnetosome magnetite crystals
[3]. We demonstrate, for the first time, that the magnetic properties of magnetite crystals of
magnetotactic bacteria can be significantly altered, as signaled by a major shift in the Verwey
transition, by the incorporation of metal ions, other than iron, in the crystal structure [3].

[1] R. B. Frankel, D. A. Bazylinski, Nanobiotechnology, 136 (2004).


[2] S. Staniland et al., Nature Nanotechnology 3, 158 (2008).
[3] T. Prozorov et al., Advanced Functional Materials, (2009, submitted).
M-I-007

On chip manipulation of biological entities carried by magnetic beads via domain wall conduits

R. BERTACCO1, M. DONOLATO1, A. TORTI1, D. PETTI1, M. DERYABINA2, M.F.HANSEN2,


V. METLUSHKO3 and P. VAVASSORI4
1
L-NESS – Dipartimento di Fisica Politecnico di Milano, Via Anzani 42, 22100 Como ITALY
2
DTU Nanotech, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby DENMARK
3
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607 USA
4
CIC nanoGUNE Consolider, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, SPAIN
riccardo.bertacco@polimi.it

A novel method, based on magnetic domain wall conduits, for the manipulation (capture,
transport, accumulation and release) of nanometric magnetic particles in suspension with active control
of position (at the nm scale) and time, is presented. In respect to other approaches for manipulation of
nano-particles, [1,2] our method represents a breakthrough because it combines the true single nano-
particle manipulation ability at the nanoscale and the compatibility with lab-on-chip applications
(patent application VI2009A000026).
Magnetic nanoparticles are captured by the stray field of a
magnetic domain walls (DWs) in nanoscale magnetic strips
(conduits) and their transport and release is obtained via
precise control over DW nucleation, displacement, and
annihilation processes through application of external
magnetic fields. This can be obtained in conduits made of
rectilinear segments (zig-zag), thus implementing a stepper
motor for the digital motion of magnetic particles (Fig. 1), or
in curved conduits allowing for a continuous motion with
precise control of the particle position with a precision of the
order of 100 nm. Pulsed magnetic fields with duration of 100
s in the case of the zig-zag conduits, or continuous rotating
fields in the case of circular rings, are applied through an
electromagnet monitoring in real time the beads
Fig. 1: Zig-zag conduit and potential displacement using an optical microscope.
well for a magnetic bead, originating
from the stray field from the DW. Because magnetic particles with functionalized
surfaces are commonly used as molecule carriers or labels,
our approach holds potential for several intriguing applications including single molecule or cell
manipulation, bioseparation and biomagnetic sensing.
As an example of application in this paper we present the manipulation of beads coated with
streptavidin, protein A and fluorescent antibodies (Anti-streptavidin-Cy3), as well as pairs of beads
bound by chemical affinity between streptavidin and fluorescent antibodies. Furthermore, cell
manipulation and real time remotely programmable transport in networks including bifurcations are
demonstrated.

[1] De Vries, A. H. B., Krenny, B. E., van Driel, R. & Kanger, J. S. Biophys. J. 88, 2137 (2005)
[2] Conroy, R. S., Zabow, G., Moreland, J. & Koretsky, A. P. Appl. Phys. Lett. 93, 203901 (2008).
M-I-008

Spark plasma sintered NdFeB-based nanocomposite hard magnets with enhanced magnetic
properties

N. LUPU1, M. GRIGORAS1, M. LOSTUN1,2 and H. CHIRIAC1


U U

1
National Institute of Research and Development for Technical Physics, 700050 Iasi, ROMANIA
2
”Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University, Faculty of Physics, 700506 Iasi, ROMANIA
nicole@phys-iasi.ro

Nanocomposite RE-Fe-B permanent magnets mainly consist of a fine mixture of RE2Fe14B


hard magnetic phase and one magnetically soft component with high saturation magnetization (most
commonly Fe-based), exchange coupled [1]. Recent work proved the important role played by
magnetostatic interactions in the increase of the nucleation and coercive field values of nanocomposite
permanent magnets in the detriment of the exchange coupled interactions [2].
In this paper, we will discuss our results on the magnetic properties of nanocomposite magnets
prepared by SPS method from mixtures of ball-milled powders of non-stoichiometric Nd-Fe-B
nanocrystalline melt-spun ribbons and Fe-based or Co-based crystalline or amorphous alloys. Non-
stoichiometric Nd15Fe79B6 and Nd16Fe78B6 nanocrystalline melt-spun ribbons as well as Fe2Co
crystalline melt-spun ribbons having thicknesses of 25 µm and widths of 3-5 mm were prepared.
Fe77.5Si7.5B15 and Co68.25Fe4.5Si12.25B15 amorphous wires of 100-125 µm in diameter have been
prepared by in-rotating water quenching method. The ribbons and wires have been further used as
precursors to prepare powders by high-energy ball-milling. The size of the micropowders varied
between 5 and 150 µm, depending on the milling time. Commercial Fe based micropowders (below 10
µm in diameter) have been used, too. The powders have been mixed in different weight ratios, placed
into a graphite die, and then sintered under vacuum by Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) technique at 2
different pressures of 50 and 70 MPa, respectively, applied during the heating to 600 0C. The
specimens were 1 mm in diameter and 1-2 mm in thickness.
The addition of FeSiB and CoFeSiB soft magnetic powders increases the remanent
magnetization of the SPS magnets from 4.8-5 to 6.2-6.5 kG, whilst the estimated maximum energy
product is also increased from 6-6.5 to 9.6-10.6 MGOe. The optimum magnetic properties were
obtained for NdFeB/Fe nanocomposite magnets consolidated at an applied pressure of 50 MPa: Br =
6.6 kG, iHc = 18.5 kOe and (BH)max = 10.9 MGOe for Nd15Fe79B6-5Fe and respectively Br = 6.4 kG,
iHc = 17.5 kOe and (BH)max = 10.2 MGOe for Nd16Fe78B6-4Fe. Whereas Fe2Co ball-milled powders
have Bs = 22 kG, their mixture with NdFeB followed by SPS consolidation leads to moderated values
of the magnetic characteristics (measured at 3 T), i.e. Bs = 7.4 kG, Br = 5.7 kG, iHc = 20.0 kOe and
(BH)max = 8.1 MGOe for 4 wt.% addition of Fe2Co and an applied pressure of 50 Mpa. The profile of
the demagnetizing curves is smoother for SPS nanocomposite magnets compared with ball-milled
powders, being an indication of a cooperative process in which both exchange-coupling between
grains and magnetostatic interactions between the powders of hard and soft magnetic materials are
present. All these aspects will be discussed in detail considering the composition and ratio of the
mixed powders, as well as the compaction parameters.

Support from the Romanian NUCLEU Programme (Project PN 09-43 02 01) is highly
acknowledged.

[1] E.F. Kneller, R. Hawig, IEEE Trans. Magn. 27, 3588 (1991).
[2] A.M. Gabay, M. Marinescy, G.C. Hadjipanayis, J. Appl. Phys. 99, 08B506 (2006).
M-I-009

Spin mapping and magnetometry on the atomic scale

ROLAND WIESENDANGER

Institute of Applied Physics and Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center Hamburg, University of Hamburg, D-20355
Hamburg, GERMANY
wiesendanger@physnet.uni-hamburg.de, Web: www.nanoscience.de

A fundamental understanding of magnetic phenomena requires the determination of spin structures and
spin excitations down to the atomic scale. The direct visualization of atomic-scale spin structures [1-4] has first
been accomplished by combining the atomic resolution capability of Scanning Tunnelling Microscopy (STM)
with spin sensitivity, based on vacuum tunnelling of spin-polarized electrons [5]. The resulting technique, Spin-
Polarized Scanning Tunnelling Microscopy (SP-STM) [6], nowadays provides unprecedented insight into
collinear and non-collinear spin structures at surfaces of magnetic nanostructures and has already led to the
discovery of new types of magnetic order at the nanoscale [7,8].
More recently, the development of subkelvin SP-STM has allowed studies of magnetic properties of
individual magnetic adatoms on non-magnetic substrates as well as the magnetic interactions between them
[9,10]. Based on SP-STM experiments performed at temperatures of 300 mK, indirect magnetic exchange
interactions at the sub-milli-electronvolt energy scale between individual paramagnetic adatoms as well as
between adatoms and nearby magnetic nanostructures could directly be revealed in real space up to distances of
several nanometers. In both cases we have observed an oscillatory behavior of the magnetic exchange coupling,
alternating between ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic, as a function of distance.
Moreover, the detection of spin-dependent exchange and correlation forces has allowed a first direct
real-space observation of spin structures at surfaces of antiferromagnetic insulators [11]. This new type of
scanning probe microscopy, called Magnetic Exchange Force Microscopy (MExFM), offers a powerful tool to
investigate different types of spin-spin interactions based on direct-, super-, or RKKY-type exchange down to
the atomic level.
Finally, the combination of spin state read-out and spin state manipulation, based on spin-current
induced switching across a vacuum gap by means of SP-STM [12], provides a fascinating novel type of
approach towards ultra-high density magnetic recording without the use of magnetic stray fields.

[1] R. Wiesendanger, I. V. Shvets, D. Bürgler, G. Tarrach, H.-J. Güntherodt, J. M. D. Coey, S. Gräser, Science
255, 583 (1992).
[2] S. Heinze, M. Bode, O. Pietzsch, A. Kubetzka, X. Nie, S. Blügel, R. Wiesendanger, Science 288, 1805
(2000).
[3] A. Kubetzka, P. Ferriani, M. Bode, S. Heinze, G. Bihlmayer, K. von Bergmann, O. Pietzsch, S. Blügel, R.
Wiesendanger, Phys. Rev. Lett. 94, 087204 (2005).
[4] M. Bode, E. Y. Vedmedenko, K. von Bergmann, A. Kubetzka, P. Ferriani, S. Heinze, R. Wiesendanger,
Nature Materials 5, 477 (2006).
[5] R. Wiesendanger, H.-J. Güntherodt, G. Güntherodt, R. J. Gambino, R. Ruf, Phys. Rev. Lett. 65, 247 (1990).
[6] R. Wiesendanger, Rev. Mod. Phys. 81, 1495 (2009).
[7] K. von Bergmann, S. Heinze, M. Bode, E. Y. Vedmedenko, G. Bihlmayer, S. Blügel, R. Wiesendanger,
Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 167203 (2006).
[8] M. Bode, M. Heide, K. von Bergmann, P. Ferriani, S. Heinze, G. Bihlmayer, A. Kubetzka, O. Pietzsch, S.
Blügel, R. Wiesendanger, Nature 447, 190 (2007).
[9] F. Meier, L. Zhou, J. Wiebe, and R. Wiesendanger, Science 320, 82 (2008).
[10] L. Zhou, J. Wiebe, S. Lounis, E. Vedmedenko, F. Meier, S. Blügel, P. H. Dederichs, and R. Wiesendanger,
Nature Physics (in press)
[11] U. Kaiser, A. Schwarz, and R. Wiesendanger, Nature 446, 522 (2007).
[12] S. Krause, L. Berbil-Bautista, G. Herzog, M. Bode, and R. Wiesendanger, Science 317, 1537 (2007).
M-I-010

New method to synthesize magnetic diamond nanoparticles and possible applications

ALI R. KOYMEN

Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, Box 19059, Arlington, Texas 76019 USA
koymen@uta.edu

Diamond nanoparticles are finding increasing use in biological applications and possible photo
thermal therapy of cancer. However, conventional synthesis of these nanoparticles is very cumbersome
and involves detonation of explosives. A simple method has been developed for controlled synthesis of
diamond nanoparticles using dense medium plasma generated in the cavitation field of an ultrasonic
horn surrounded by Benzene solution using two metal electrodes. In this method, the electrode
(magnetic) material is incorporated into the diamond nanoparticles, as confirmed by measurements
using a SQUID magnetometer. HRTEM images show the lattice planes of the diamond clearly and the
size of the diamond nanoparticles are in the range of 5-10nm. The size correlates with the voltage used
during the synthesis of the diamond nanoparticles. The optical absorption spectrum in the near-IR
region (900-1100nm) was measured to be of similar value as in the visible region, making these
nanoparticles a very useful candidate for photothermal therapy using a near-infrared laser in the
biological window. Since these diamond nanoparticles are hydrophobic in nature and are produced in a
surfactant-free medium, it was found that these particles aggregate and tend to form clusters. For in-
situ dispersion of these nanoparticles, use was made of the absorption property of these nanoparticles
using a focused near-IR cw laser microbeam (1064nm). We believe the magnetic property of these
nanoparticles would allow effective localization in the tumor region by application of an external
magnetic field.
M-I-011

Magnetic micro- and nanomaterials for biosensing applications

H. CHIRIAC

National Institute of Research and Development for Technical Physics, 700050 Iasi, ROMANIA
hchiriac@phys-iasi.ro

The need for low cost, reliable, high sensitive and rapid sensors for biomedical applications
continues to grow as the complexity of the application areas enlarges. In the following 4 types of
biosensors based on magnetic micro- and nanowires will be discussed.
(1) First, a new giant magnetoimpedance (GMI) biosensor prototype based on a glass-coated
amorphous microwires array and polymer-based magnetic beads will be described. Compared with the
GMR biosensors used for similar purposes, GMI sensors are more sensitive to low magnetic fields and
present smaller power dissipation per unit area. The highest relative change in MI response, i.e., about
35% was obtained when all the glass-coated microwires in the array were active, and for the highest
concentration of polymer-based magnetic beads. Due to the exposed particular characteristics, the
magnetoimpedance-based biosensors could be used for target bio-molecules detection, i.e. from
antibodies to DNA detection.
(2) A different detection system is based on multilayer metallic nanowires. The aim was to
realize, characterize, functionalize and detect a number of multilayer metallic nanowires made of
consecutive sequences of magnetic and non-magnetic layers (so called code bar nanowires structures),
and their use in identification of biomolecules by optical or magneto-optical methods, combined or not
with magnetophoresis. Magnetic metallic nanowires are also used as supports for the immobilization
of the enzymes to be involved in the electrochemical biosensor functions: (i) manipulation of the
immobilized enzymes by the magnetic field and their uniform orientation towards the working
(detection) electrode surface and (ii) decreasing the detection level (the best results ever have been
obtained with gold nanowires).
(3) A novel and complex approach at the interface between physics, chemistry, engineering and
medicine, is the development of acoustic microsensors based on magnetostrictive nanowire arrays to
be used in cochlear implants. The acoustic microsensors, single or in arrays, receive the sound signals
from the environment and are converting them into electrical signals, through direct and inverse
magnetoelastic effects and magnetoresistive effects, which are then transmitted to the brain.
(4) Detection and quantification of biomolecules (analytes) represent an important objective for
medicine and genetics, both for the diagnosis of different novel diseases and for the discovery of new
drugs. Our goal was to realize three types of magnetic sensors for analytes detection, based on the
following nanostructures: (i) one magnetic particle with double function: (a) sensor‘s sensing element,
and (b) targeting receptor for biomolecules; (ii) one magnetic nanoparticle with only sensing element
function; (iii) one nanosize magnetic sensing element (for example a magnetic nanowire single or
multilayered), obtained in-situ, with one function (sensing element only) or double function (sensing
element and receptor).
Further perspectives in the field of magnetic biosensors development and implementation will
be presented, too.

Financial support from the following PN II-Partnership Programme projects is highly acknowledged:
NANOBIODET (Contract No. 11-072/2007), SENAN (Contract No. 12-109/2008), SANAM
(Contract No. 12-114/2008), as well as from NUCLEU Project PN 09-43 01 02.
M-I-012

CoPt-based films for perpendicular magnetic recording

D. FIORANI, G. VARVARO, S. LAURETI, E. AGOSTINELLI and A.M. TESTA

ISM - CNR, Area ROMA 1, Via Salaria km 29.500, 00016 Roma, ITALY
dino.fiorani@ism.cnr.it

Magnetic recording represents one of the most rapidly developing high technology areas in the
word today. In particular, the computer hard disk drives have experienced an exponential increase in
data capacity over time making it the preeminent storage system for digital data [1]. This high growth
rate has imposed more and more pressing requirements for the recording media and has driven the
research and the development of new materials (e.g. L10-Co(Fe)Pt films, [Co/Pd]n multilayers), new
architectures (e.g. AFC systems, tilted and exchange spring media), new recording modes (e.g.
perpendicular recording, thermally assisted writing) and new designs (e.g. patterned media) in order to
get the better trade-off among three fundamental requirements (recording trilemma): thermal stability,
medium signal-to-noise ratio and writibility.
In this work, we will report on the investigation on the magnetic properties of two different
systems for perpendicular recording: tilted easy axis L10-CoPt(111)/Pt(111)/MgO(100) films and
perpendicular easy axis [(Co90Cr10)80Pt20]92:(SiO2)8 media. The magnetic measurements were
performed by using a vector VSM with a non-conventional design, i.e. both the sample and the 4
magnetization pick-up coils are stationary, while the field rotation is accomplished by rotating the
electromagnet.
(111) oriented films of the L10-CoPt alloy have been deposited by using a conventional frontal
Pulsed Laser Deposition. A very thin Pt (111) underlayer has been grown on MgO(100) and used to
favour the epitaxial growth of the magnetic layer along the [111] direction, i.e. with the c-axis tilted at
an angle of 36° with respect to the film plane. From the analysis of the angular dependence of the
remanent magnetization, it has been found that the system presents 4 out-of-plane 36° easy axes with
orthogonal in-plane projections. Such a system can be used, like a common single-axis tilted medium,
to record information in perpendicular mode at a sensibly lower writing field, while maintaining a high
thermal stability due to the high anisotropy of the L10 CoPt phase. Moreover, in agreement with
theoretical work [2], the compensation of the in-plane moments may favor a media noise reduction so
that better performances can be achieved with respect to a conventional single-axis tilted system.
[(Co90Cr10)80Pt20]92@(SiO2)8 films have been grown by magnetron sputter deposition onto
thermally oxidised Si wafers. A complex seed layer stack – Cr(5nm)/Ru(8nm)/Ru(12nm) – has been
used to promote a perpendicular anisotropy. The effects of the magnetic layer thickness and the
addition of oxygen in the reactive gas during the growth process has been investigated. The
experimental data indicate that both Stoner-Wohlfarth and Kondorsky reversal mechanism are present,
with a predominance of the Kondorsky character with decreasing magnetic layer thickness. The
formation of domain walls at low thickness is due to a stronger exchange coupling between grains at
the initial stage of the film growth, as confirmed by the TEM analysis as well as the higher value of the
slope of the hysteresis loop at the coercive field observed at lower film thickness. The addition of
oxygen, on the contrary, does not affect significantly the magnetization reversal mechanism.

[1] H. J. Richter and A. Y. Dobin, J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 287, 41 (2005).


[2] L. Guan and J.G. Zhu, J. Appl. Phys. 93, 7735 (2003).
M-I-013

Fe/Ag/Fe(001) spin torque vortex oscillators

D.E. BÜRGLER
Institut für Festkörperforschung, Elektronische Eigenschaften (IFF-9) and
Jülich-Aachen Research Alliance, Fundamentals of Future Information Technology (JARA-FIT),
Forschungszentrum Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, GERMANY
d.buergler@fz-juelich.de

A spin-polarized current entering into a ferromagnetic material exerts a torque on the


magnetization by transferring spin angular momentum from the current to the ferromagnet. This so-
called spin-transfer torque (STT) gives rise to current-driven magnetization dynamics with
unprecedented properties like the switching of the magnetization without applying an external field or
the excitation of persistent large-angle precessions of the magnetization with frequencies in the GHz
range, which are the basis of spin-transfer oscillators (STO) devices.
STOs have originally been realized in nanopillars comprising two largely uniformly
magnetized ferromagnetic layers separated by a non-magnetic spacer layer [1], where the STT excites
standing-wave modes in the free layer. A more recent approach makes use of the dynamics of a
magnetic vortex in the free layer. The gyrotropic motion of a vortex, which is its lowest excitation
mode, can be driven by spin-polarized currents [2], too, and thus allows using vortices as nano-
oscillators [3].
Here we report on nanopillar-type samples made of a 20 nm Fe/ 6 nm Ag/ 2 nm Fe multilayer.
The 20 nm-thick Fe layer is structured into a circular disc of 230 nm diameter. Due to its size and
shape we are able to prepare two distinctly different magnetization states, namely (i) the uniform in-
plane magnetization state and (ii) the vortex state. Both can serve as oscillating structures for STOs.
We are able to switch by applying a current perpendicular to the layers (CPP geometry) between these
two states that we identify based on the comparison to giant magnetoresistance (CPP-GMR)
measurements and micromagnetic calculations. Thus, we can directly compare the critical current,
agility, emitted power, and line width of the high-frequency (HF) output signals of both states. There
are significant differences concerning the oscillator agility, the spanned frequency range, and in
particular the emitted power, which is nearly three times larger for the vortex state [4]. The latter is an
intrinsic feature of the gyrotropic mode: At each spot within the trajectory of the vortex core, the
magnetization rotates during one period of the gyrotropic cycle by full 2π about the sample normal.
Thus, for a vortex core moving on a trajectory close to the rim of the sample the product of oscillation
amplitude times area, where oscillations take place, is maximized.
Additionally, we study the coupling of the vortex‘ dynamic mode to externally applied electric
HF signals of different frequencies and amplitudes. The observed phase-locking is a prerequisite to
achieve synchronization of a large number of STOs in order to further increase the output power for
applications.

[1] S. I. Kiselev et al., Nature, 425, 380 (2003).


[2] S. Kasai et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 97, 107204 (2006).
[3] V. S. Pribiag et al., Nature Physics 3, 498 (2007).
[4] R. Lehndorff, D. E. Bürgler et al., Phys. Rev. B 80, 054412 (2009).
M-I-014

Vortex-antivortex mediated vortex core reversal in magnetic nanodots

HERMANN STOLL

Max Planck Institute for Metals Research, Stuttgart, GERMANY


stoll@mf.mpg.de

The reversal of the vortex core polarization in ferromagnetic nanodots via excitation of vortex
gyration was discovered by time-resolved X-ray microscopy [1]. Derived from micromagnetic
simulations, a model was suggested based on dynamic vortex-antivortex (VA) creation and
annihilation [1]. Meanwhile this model is generally accepted for magnetic vortex core switching
initiated by the excitation with in-plane Oersted fields (linear and circular fields, continuous and
pulsed) and also by spin polarized currents. Now, other experimental techniques have also been used
to study the magnetic vortex core reversal [2-4]. However, in all of these experiments the vortex core
polarization was only determined ‗before‘ and ‗after‘ the vortex core reversal and the evidence for the
VA model is only indirect, by comparing the experimental parameters with micromagnetic
simulations. No direct support for the VA model has been given so far.
We will present data supporting the VA model directly. According to this model, the vortex
core switching process happens in distinct steps [1]:
(i) Excitation induced gyration leads to a deformation of the out-of-plane core profile,
i.e. a region with opposite magnetization is formed near the original vortex core.
(ii) When the deformation reaches full out-of-plane magnetisation, a vortex-antivortex
pair is nucleated.
(iii) Finally the antivortex annihilates quickly with the original vortex, dissipating the
excess energy in spin waves.
Time-resolved imaging of the out-of-plane vortex core magnetization has given direct evidence
for the first step, the deformation of the vortex core [5]. A region with opposite magnetization becomes
visible at sufficiently high excitation power when the vortex is gyrating fast and its velocity is
approaching the critical velocity [2,6]. Here, the deformation reaches a maximum and can nucleate a
VA pair, leading to core reversal. We evaluated the vortex core velocities under different excitations
and could confirm the existence of a ‗critical velocity‘ for the vortex [5].
Additionally, this time-resolved X-ray microscopy has enabled us to directly observe vortex
core switching and localize it in space and time [7]. It was used the investigate vortex core switching
by short magnetic field pulses. By ‗coherent excitation‘, i.e., by taking advantage of the rising and the
falling edge of a magnetic field pulse for acceleration, the field amplitude needed for vortex core
reversal could be lowered significantly [7].

[1] Van Waeyenberge et al., Nature 444, 461-464 (2006).


[2] Yamada et al., Nature Materials 6, 269-273 (2007).
[3] Bedau et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 99, 146601 (2007).
[4] Moriya et al., Nature Physics 4, 368 -372 (2008).
[5] Vansteenkiste et al., Nature Physics 5, 332-334 (2009).
[6] Guslienko Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 027203 (2008).
[7] Weigand et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 077201 (2009).
M-I-015

Giant magnetoresistance in (electrodeposited) magnetic nanostructures

I. BAKONYI and L. PÇTER

Research Institute for Solid State Physics and Optics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences
H-1525 Budapest, P.O.B. 49, Hungary
bakonyi@szfki.hu

In recent years, we have presented experimental results which enabled us to reveal that the
strongly non-saturating behaviour of the field-dependence of the giant magnetoresistance (GMR) of
electrodeposited multilayer films originates from the presence of superparamagnetic (SPM) regions in
the magnetic layers. A new procedure has also been presented how to separate the SPM contribution to
the GMR from the conventional ferromagnetic GMR contribution. More recently, we have identified a
physical model elaborated originally for granular metals [1,2] that could be well adapted for the case
of electrodeposited multilayers [3]. This represents a significant progress in understanding the
underlying physical processes.
In the present contribution, we intend to give a description of the spin-dependent scattering
processes occurring in various magnetic nanostructures which form the basis for explaining the
phenomenon of GMR. The two limiting cases are (i) classical granular metals in which nanoscale non-
interacting ferromagnetic (FM) particles with SPM characteristics are embedded in a non-magnetic
matrix and (ii) perfect nanoscale metallic multilayers in which FM layers are separated by non-
magnetic layers. In the first case, the field dependence of the magnetoresistance is proportional to the
square of the Langevin function L(x) describing the field dependence of the magnetization where x =
H/kT with  as the average SPM particle moment. In perfect multilayers, the field dependence of the
GMR is governed by that of the antiferromagnetic coupling between the FM layers via the non-
magnetic spacer layers.
Due to a distribution of SPM particle size in granular metals, there may be larger particles
which exhibit FM behaviour, i.e., their magnetization orientation does not fluctuate as was for the
SPM state. In such cases, the GMR field dependence was found [1] to be proportional to L(x) and not
to the square of [L(x)] and this could be explained [2] by taking into account spin-dependent electron
transport processes for electrons travelling between a FM and a SPM particle. At the other end, in
magnetic/non magnetic multilayers, SPM regions can often occur and then applying the same model,
we can observe a GMR term with a field dependence proportional to L(x) [3].
Besides the general overview of spin-dependent transport processes in magnetic nanostructures,
we present our recent results on the GMR of electrodeposited multilayers which are discussed in terms
of the above described model [3,4]. More details about GMR in electrodeposited multilayers can be
found in our recent review [5].

[1] B.J. Hickey, M.A. Howson, S.O. Musa and N. Wiser, Phys. Rev. B 51, 667 (1995)
[2] N. Wiser, J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 159, 119 (1996)
[3] I. Bakonyi, L. Péter, Z. Rolik, K. Kiss-Szabó, Z. Kupay, J. Tóth, L. F. Kiss and J. Pádár, Phys. Rev.
B 70, 054427 (2004)
[4] L. Péter, Z. Rolik Z, L.F. Kiss, J. Tóth, V. Weihnacht, C.M. Schneider, I. Bakonyi, Phys. Rev. B
73, 174401 (2006)
[5] I. Bakonyi, L. Péter: Electrodeposited multilayer films with giant magnetoresistance (GMR):
progress and problems. Progr. Mater. Sci. 55, 107-245 (2010)
M-I-016

Magnetically-driven electric polarization in magneto-electrics and multiferroics

M. KENZELMANN

Laboratory for Developments & Methods, Paul Scherrer Institute, CH-5232 Villigen-PSI, SWITZERLAND
michel.kenzelmann@psi.ch

Magneto-electric materials are currently attracting much attention. These materials, which exhibit
magnetic and electric order in the same phase, can give rise to interesting coupling effects between two
order parameters, with great potential for technological applications. Currently, a large research effort in
multiferroics is directed towards a class of materials in which ferroelectricity is induced by magnetism, as
observed in Ni3V2O8 or TbMnO3 [1,2,3]. These oxides are magnetic insulators, displaying a sequence of
phase transitions between incommensurate and commensurate magnetic phases, some of which are
ferroelectric and can be tuned with magnetic fields. We did a number of experiments in order to investigate
why materials develop multiferroic ground states, while very similar materials do not. For Ni 3V2O8 we find
that the degree of magnetic frustration is suppressed with hydrostatic pressure. Ferroelectricity is reduced
and ultimately suppressed as the magnetic ground state adopts a simpler symmetry at high pressure [4].
This underlines the important role that competing magnetic interactions play in magnetically-induced
ferroelectrics. On the other hand, neutron diffraction shows that the magneto-electric interactions in spiral
ferroelectrics such as Ni3V2O8 are most probably related to magnetoelastically induced Dzyaloshinskii-
Moriya interactions. A magneto-electric hysteresis curve (magnetically-driven ferroelectric hysteresis)
shows that multiferroic domains can be controlled by magnetic fields [5].
Because the microscopic interactions in spiral ferroelectrics are mediated by spin-orbit interactions,
the observed ferroelectric polarizations are relatively small. However, there have also been theoretical
suggestions that exchange-striction can lead to ferroelectricity even in the absence of spin-orbit interactions
[6,7]. Studying a powder sample of orthorhombic TmMnO3, we find the theoretically predicted
commensurate magnetic order, and a spontaneous electric polarization that is larger than in all other
magnetically-induced ferroelectrics [8]. Our study confirms that exchange-striction mediated magneto-
electric interactions can lead to large electric polarization.
We also showed that the magneto-electric effect in LiNiPO4 relies on the magnetic tuning of the
magnetic structure that breaks inversion symmetry and generates electric polarization, although the electric
polarization is not spontaneous in this case [9]. We also observed magnetic-induced switchable electric
polarization in an organo-metallic quantum magnet [10]. This suggests that the magneto-electric effect in a
wide range of materials may be related to magnetically-driven electric polarization. Finally, the low
magnetic energy scale in organo-metallic antiferromagnets allows the study of quantum magnetically-
driven electric quantum phase transitions. The study of multi-order quantum phase transition may be
fruitful for the understanding of more complex materials.

[1] T. Kimura, et al, Nature 426, 55 (2003).


[2] M. Kenzelmann, et al, Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 087206 (2005).
[3] G. Lawes, et al, Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 087205 (2005).
[4] B. Padmanabhan, Th. Strässle, M. Kenzelmann et al, unpublished.
[5] I. Cabrera, et al, Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 087201 (2009).
[6] I. A. Sergienko, et al, Phys. Rev. Lett. 97 227204 (2006).
[7] S. Picozzi, et al, Phys. Rev. Lett. 99, 227201 (2007).
[8] V.Yu. Pomjakushin, et al, New Journal of Physics 11, 043019 (2009).
[9] T.B.S. Jensen, et al, Phys. Rev. B 79, 092412 (2009).
[10] V. S. Zapf, et al, arXiv:0904.4490.
M-I-017

Multiferroicity in Cu2OSeO3 studied by Raman scattering

P. LEMMENS1, V. GNEZDILOV1,2, D. WULFERDING1 and H. BERGER4


1
IPCM, TU Braunschweig, GERMANY
2
ILTP, Kharkov, UKRAINE
3
IPMC, Lausanne, SWITZERLAND
p.lemmens@tu-bs.de

Raman scattering is a powerful tool to investigate the interplay of structural and electronic
degrees of freedom in correlated transition metal oxides. This is especially true for compounds with
multiple ferroic states that couple via local electronic polarizabilities or incommensurate spin states.
The lone pair piezoelectric ferrimagnet Cu2OSeO3 is a unique example of a metrically cubic material
that allows linear magnetoelectric as well as piezoelectric and piezomagnetic coupling [1]. The metric
cubic lattice excludes a magnetoelectric coupling mechanism involving spontaneous lattice strains. In
our Raman study we demonstrate the evolution of drastic changes below Tc, namely the appearance of
new lines, the splitting of some phonon lines, and anomalies in their temperature behavior. These
observations are discussed in terms of a symmetry reduction and magnetic excitations.

[1] J.-W. G. Bos, C. V. Colin, and T. T. M. Palstra, Phys. Rev. B. 78, 094416 (2008).
M-I-018

Band character of itinerant holes and magneto-transport phenomena in GaMnAs

TOMAS JUNGWIRTH

Institute of Physics ASCR, v.v.i., Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC


University of Nottingham, UNITED KINGDOM
jungw@fzu.cz

We will discuss the band character of itinerant holes in ferromagnetic semiconductor GaMnAs.
The discussion will be based on ab-initio and microscopic model description of Mn in GaAs over a
wide doping range and on a collection of experimental data. From the variety of magneto-transport
phenomena of the strongly spin-orbit coupled holes in GaMnAs valence band we will focus on the
anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR) effects. We will provide an intuitive physical picture of the bulk
AMR in macroscopic ohmic devices. We will also discuss the utility of AMR effects in nano-scale
devices for realizing spintronic sensors and transistors. Implications of these studies in GaMnAs for
spintronics in other magnetic materials, including room-temperature transition metal ferromagnets and
antiferromagnets will be also briefly discussed.
M-I-019

Search for multiferroic behavior in new spin spiral chain Cu systems

R.K. KREMER

Max-Planck-Institut für Festkörperforschung, Heisenbergstrasse 1,


D-70569; Stuttgart, GERMANY
r. kremer@fkf.mpg.de

In the past years there has been growing interest in magnetic ferroelectrics because of their
potential applications in magnetoelectric and magnetooptical devices. In multiferroic systems, the
electrical polarization appears at the transition to a magnetically ordered phase, which removes
inversion symmetry thereby generating a polar electric field. Recently, multiferroicity was discovered
in Cu-O chain systems which contain CuO4 edge sharing rectangular plaquettes. The Cu2+ magnetic
moments exhibit spiral magnetic order along the chains due to competition of nearest and next-nearest
neighbor ferro- and antiferromagnetic exchange interactions. I review some basic features of these
systems and report new results on structurally closely related spin-spiral chain systems which contain
anions other than oxygen.
M-I-020

Energy losses in soft magnets from DC to radiofrequencies: Theory and experiment

FAUSTO FIORILLO

Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Torino, ITALY


f.fiorillo@inrim.it

The energy loss is the fundamental technical parameter by which the quality of soft magnets is
evaluated by materials producers and users. The overall phenomenological picture of losses is a complex
one, reflecting the intrinsically complex nature of the magnetization process, and covers an increasing
variety of applicative contexts, types of excitation and frequencies, and available materials. Its physical
understanding is at the core of the development of improved materials and optimal design of
electromagnetic devices. In this communication, we summarize and discuss the basic experimental
properties of energy losses in soft magnets in a wide range of frequencies, from quasi-static excitation to
the radiofrequency regime. We shall focus our discussion on two model materials, namely amorphous
alloys and sintered spinel ferrites, taken as representative of the conducting and insulating soft magnets,
respectively. An example of their loss properties as a function of frequency is given in Fig. 1. We will
show that an encompassing interpretative
framework of such behaviour can be worked out
by applying, under very general terms, the
statistical theory of losses and the associated
concept of loss separation [1]. By this theory one
100 can account for the dissipation phenomena in both
the metallic alloys, where they derive from the
10 J =10mT
p
Joule effect, and the nearly insulating soft ferrites,
where the spin damping in the ferromagnetic
Energy loss (J/m )
3

1 precession is assumed to be the predominant loss


mechanism. In all cases we need to distinguish
0.1
between the viscous motion of the domain walls,
Ni-Zn 4A11 assumed to display pure relaxation dynamics, and
Co Fe B Si
67 4 14.5
the damped rotation of the spins inside the
14.5
0.01
Mn-Zn N87 K , d = 6.1 m
u_|_
magnetic domains. The latter is associated in
ferrites with ferromagnetic resonance, while in
1E-3 metals it is lumped into the classical eddy current
loss component. Ferromagnetic resonance and the
1E-4
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
corresponding energy absorption in polycrystalline
9
10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 ferrites, as obtained in accordance with the
Fig. 1. Energy losses at Jp = 10 mT measured up to 1
Frequency (Hz)
GHz versus frequency in a thinned (d = 6.1 m) Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation, are assumed to
transverse anisotropy Co-based amorphous ribbon take place over a wide distribution of frequencies,
and in commercial Mn-Zn and Ni-Zn soft ferrites. ensuing from the amplitude distribution of the
internal effective anisotropy fields. Under the
usual weak field approximation, where the material behaves in a quasi-linear fashion, the complex
permeability and the losses and their frequency dependence are in a direct relationship and their prediction
can be interchanged in the theory. In this way one can work out a complete predicting framework for
permeability and losses in amorphous Co-based thin ribbons and in sintered Mn-Zn and Ni-Zn ferrites from
DC to 1 GHz.

[1] G. Bertotti, Hysteresis in Magnetism (Academic Press, 1998), p. 391.


M-I-021

Collective quantum dynamics of molecular magnets

EUGENE M. CHUDNOVSKY

Physics Department, CUNY Lehman College


250 Bedford Park Boulevard West
Bronx, New York 10468-1589 USA
Eugene.Chudnovsky@CUNY.Lehman.edu

Molecular magnets are novel magnetic materials that consist of weakly interacting high-spin
molecules arranged in a crystal lattice. They exhibit such spectacular magnetic properties as a stepwise
magnetization curve due to quantum tunneling of the magnetic moment, interference of spin tunneling
trajectories that can be seen in a macroscopic magnetization measurement, and magnetic deflagration.
The latter is a collective magnetization reversal that in many respects resembles chemical combustion.
Contrary to the conventional combustion, however, magnetic deflagration also shows quantum
features due to spin tunneling. These features have been observed in experiments and have been
successfully described by theoretical models [1]. Most recently it has been realized that the notorious
steps in the magnetization curve of a molecular magnet, that ignited interest to these materials, also
arise from collective quantum dynamics driven by self-organization of the dipolar field [2]. This
observation has opened the way of generating electromagnetic superradiance from molecular magnets
that is unaffected by weak inhomogeneous broadening of spin energy levels. Collective emission of
phonons by magnetic molecules (phonon superradiance) will also be discussed as a mechanism of
magnetic relaxation in molecular magnets.

[1] D. A. Garanin and E. M. Chudnovsky, Phys. Rev. B 76, 054410(17) (2007).


[2] D. A. Garanin and E. M. Chudnovsky, Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 097206(4) (2009).
M-I-022

DFT+QMC Approach to Ferromagnetic Semiconductors

N. BULUT

Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, JAPAN


nbulut@imr.tohoku.ac.jp

We study the ferromagnetic semiconductors by combining the Density Functional Theory


(DFT) with the Quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) technique [1]. In particular, we describe the dilute limit
of the ferromagnetic semiconductors with the multi-orbital Haldane-Anderson Hamiltonian, of which
model parameters are determined by DFT. The QMC technique is then used to determine the
electronic correlations. In this approach, the host band structure and the impurity-host coupling is
obtained realistically by DFT for a given host and impurity, while the resulting Hamiltonian is solved
numerically exactly by QMC. Our results emphasize the important role played by the impurity bound
state in determining the magnetic correlations [1,2]. The combined DFT+QMC approach can be
applied to a variety of ferromagnetic semiconductors.

[1] J. Ohe, Y. Tomoda, N. Bulut, R. Arita, K. Nakamura, and S. Maekawa, J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 78,
083703 (2009).
[2] N. Bulut, K. Tanikawa, S. Takahashi, and S. Maekawa, Phys. Rev. B 76, 045220 (2007).
M-I-023

Tailoring of magnetic properties of magnetostatically-coupled glass-covered magnetic


microwires

V. SAMSONOVA1,2,3, M. IPATOV2, M. ILYN2, V. ZHUKOVA2, N. PEROV1, J.GONZALEZ2 and


A. ZHUKOV 2
1
Faculty of Physics, Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, Moscow, RUSSIA
2
Dpto Física de Materiales, Facultad de Químicas, UP Vo /EHU, 10018, San Sebastián, SPAIN
3
Inst. for Theoretical and Appl. Electromagnetics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, RUSSIA
arkadi.joukov@ehu.es

Magnetic properties of thin amorphous wires can by tailored through selection of chemical
composition of the alloy, thermal treatments (with or without magnetic field and/or stress). Properties of
individual Fe-and Co based glass-coated amorphous microwires were studies elsewhere [1,2]. In our
research we are trying to tailor magnetic properties of Fe- and Co-rich microwires through magnetostatic
coupling among them. We studied hysteresis loops of the arrays containing different number of the
Co67Fe3.9Ni1.5B11.5Si14.5M0.6 and Fe74B13Si11C2 amorphous microwires. Fe74B13Si11C2 microwires have
rectangular hysteresis loop, while Co67Fe3.9Ni1.5B11.5Si14.5M0.6 with vanishing magnetostriction constant
posses inclined hysteresis loop with low coercivity. The presence of neighbouring microwire (Fe either Co-
based) significantly modifies hysteresis loop of whole microwire array (Figs.1,2). In microwire array
containing Fe-based microwires we observed splitting of the initially rectangular hysteresis loop with a
number of Barkhausen jumps correlated with number of Fe-rich microwires (Fig.2). In Co-Co arrays we
observed change of inclination of overall hysteresis loop and consequently magnetic anisotropy field under
influence of the additional of Co-based microwire. In the case of mixed arrays containing Fe and Co-rich
microwires we were able to obtain irregular hysteresis loops with unusual shape (Fig.1). In this case,
considerable increase of harmonics
has been observed.
Magnetic field Hc (FeC,804A/m) = 150 A/m
1,0 Hc (Co, 804A/m) = 7 A/m 1,0 3
2
amplitude and frequency affect Hc (Co, 90 A/m) = 5.6 A/m 804 A/m
196 A/m
4
0,5 0,5
behavior of all studied arrays. 118 A/m 1
M, arb.un.

90 A/m
M/MS

158 A/m
Increasing the amplitude the 0,0
16,5 A/m
0,0

shape of hystsresis loop of -0,5


7.6 A/m
-0,5 1- 40 A/m
microwire array containing Fe- 2- 60 A/m
3- 80 A/m
-1,0
based microwires transforms -1,0 4- 800 A/m

from multi-step to single above -900 -600 -300 0 300 600 900
-200 -100 0 100 200

certain magnetic H, A/m


field Fig.1. Hysteresis loop of array Fig.2. Hysteresis loop of array H, A/m
amplitude. In the array with Co- containing Fe- and Co-rich containing 2 Fe- rich microwires.
based microwires we observe microwires.
change of coercivity.
Observed dependences have been attributed by us to the magnetostatic interaction between the
microwires with different magnetic domain structure. Together with conventional method, such as thermal
treatment, designing of arrays containing different types of microwires can serve for tailoring of their
magnetic properties.

[1] A. Zhukov and V. Zhukova, «Magnetic properties and applications of ferromagnetic microwires with
amorphous and nanocrystalline structure‖, Nova Science Publishers, Inc. 400 Oser Avenue, Suite 1600
Hauppauge, NY 11788, 162 p. ISBN: 978-1-60741-770-5.
[2] H. Chiriac and T.A. Ovari, Progress in Material Science 40 333 (1996).
M-I-024

Magnetic and half-metallic properties of TiPo, VPo, CrPo, MnPo and FePo compounds

ALI ZAOUI

Univ Lille Nord de France, LGCgE – Lille1, Polytech’Lille. Cite Scientifique, Avenue Paul Langevin, 59655 Villeneuve
d’Ascq. FRANCE
azaoui@polytech-lille.fr

I present a theoretical study of magnetic properties of MPo (M=Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe)1-3
compounds in the zinc-blend structure using full-potential linear augmented plane wave method4-6. The
calculation indicates that MnPo and FePo are antiferromagnetic, whereas TiPo, VPo, and CrPo are
magnetic. The ferromagnetic phase is enhanced with decreasing lattice constant and increasing atomic
number along the sequence TiPo VPo CrPo. TiPo, VPo, and CrPo are predicted to be half-metal
ferromagnetic with magnetic moments of 2.0µB, 3.0µB, and 4.0µB, respectively, which is confirmed
from the calculated minority (majority) spin channel band structure showing the semiconducting
(metallic) behaviour of these compounds. The magnetism comes essentially from the d orbital of Ti, V,
and Cr atoms. In addition, I show that half-metallicity can be maintained even when spin-orbit
interaction is included for TiPo and VPo. However spin-orbit effect destroys magnetism in CrPo.

[1] L. Kahal, A. Zaoui and M. Ferhat, J. Appl. Phys. 105, 063905 (2009).
[2] A. Boukra, A. Zaoui, and M. Ferhat, Solid State Commun. 141, 523 (2007) 3M. Ferhat and A.
Zaoui, Phys. Rev. B 73, 115107 (2006).
[4] P. Blaha, K. Schwarz, G. K. H. Madsen, D. Kvasnicka, and J. Luitz, WIEN2K, an augmented plane
wave program for calculating crystal properties, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria,
2001.
[5] P. Hohenberg and W. Kohn, Phys. Rev. 136, B864 (1964).
[6] J. P. Perdew, K. Burke, and M. Ernzerhof, Phys. Rev. Lett. 77, 3865 (1996).
M-I-025

Spin wave logic

B. HILLEBRANDS 1, T. SCHNEIDER1, A.A. SERGA1, B. LEVEN1,


R.L. STAMPS 2 and M.P. KOSTYLEV 2
1
Fachbereich Physik and Forschungszentrum OPTIMAS, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, 67663, Kaiserslautern,
GERMANY
2
School of Physics, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, AUSTRALIA
hilleb@physik.uni-kl.de

In recent years a large increase of activity in the field of magnetic logic took place. Realizing
logic functions using magnetic structures provides a way to overcome the current restrictions regarding
volatility and power consumption of conventional CMOS logic. New devices are foreseen to be
realized on an economically competitive level, such as non-volatile field programmable gate arrays,
reconfigurable logic, and content addressable memory.
In this talk the magnetic logic functionality exploiting magnetostatic field dynamics is
demonstrated. In this field, which is just at the beginning of its development, we experimentally
demonstrate that microwave excited magnetostatic spin waves (SW) in a chain of spins can be used to
perform logic operations. The proposed concept of a spin-wave (SW) logic gate is based on a Mach-
Zehnder interferometer approach. The gate consists of a splitter that divides the power of the applied
SW pulses into two channels (called the interferometer arms), two controllable phase shifters or
switches integrated into the arms, as well as a combiner where the signals modified in the arms
interfere. Logical input signals applied to the gates vary either the phase or the amplitude of the spin
waves in the interferometer arms. The logical output corresponds to the amplitude of the interference
signal. By changing the phase in one of the arms and keeping the phase at the output of the second arm
constant one can implement a NOT gate. The possibility to shift the phases in both arms by π allows
for the implementation of the XNOR operation. With the additional ability to quickly manipulate the
wave amplitudes using SW switches it is possible to create a NAND gate. Implementing a universal
NAND function is generally considered being of major importance, since combining several universal
gates of the same type allows one to construct other gate types. Working prototypes of these three
gates have been produced and tested. The results will be demonstrated in this talk. The interferometer
arms are realized as longitudinally magnetized SW waveguides made from a single-crystal yttrium-
iron-garnet (YIG) film. Traveling spin waves are excited and received by microstripe antennas.
In order to develop an on-chip SW logic gate a SW splitter and a combiner were fabricated by
patterning the YIG film. The corresponding film structures have the shape of a fork and consist of two
interferometer arms (prongs of the fork) and a combiner/splitter part (handle). Interference of spin-
wave pulses in the combiner was studied using time and space resolve Brillouin light scattering
spectroscopy. The output signal can easily be read out by an optical BLS probe in the center of the
output part of the waveguide or by using a microwave transducer to sum up the amplitude over the
complete SW packet width.
At the and of the talk the ability to use caustic sub-wavelength spin-wave beams formed due to
anisotropy of wave propagation in a two-dimensional magnetic media as well as dynamically
controlled magnonic crystals to create spin-wave logic gates will be discussed.
The work has been supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (Graduiertenkolleg
792), the Australian Research Council, and the European Community within the EU-project
MAGLOG (FP6-510993).
M-I-026

A large tunnel magnetoresistance at room temperature in epitaxial magnetic tunnel junctions


using Co2FeAl Heusler Alloy electrodes

W. H. WANG, H. SUKEGAWA and K. INOMATA


1
Magnetic Materials Center, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba 305-0047, JAPAN
INOMATA.Kouichiro@nims.go.jp

Half-metallic ferromagnets (HMFs) represent a class of materials which attract a lot of attention to
their potential applications in spintronics. Especially, Co-based Heusler alloys with a chemical form of
Co2YZ (Y: transition metal, Z: main group element) have been predicted to be HMFs even at room
temperature (RT) due to much higher Curie temperatures. Achevement of giant tunneling
magnetoresistance (TMR) at RT is currently one of the most topic field in spintronics. We have
investigated TMR in magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) using Co 2FeAlxSi1-x Heusler alloy electrodes, and
reported a large TMR [1]. Here we provide another Heusler alloy of Co2FeAl (CFA), which exhibits giant
TMR over 300% at RT in MTJs fabricated using simple sputter-deposition techniques for all the layers,
while electron beam deposition was indispensable for MgO barrier fabrication in MTJs using other Heusler
alloys for obtaining a large TMR. We have also found that the TMR exhibits an oscillatory behavior as a
function of MgO barrier thickness. CFA has the lowest damping constant in Heusler alloys [2], which is a
key parameter for achieving the spin injection magnetization switching with a low current. Thus, our
finding suggests that the MTJs using CFA may play a substantial role in future spintronics devices
operating at RT. The MTJs with a structure of MgO(001) substrate/Cr(40)/CFA(30)/MgO(1.2-2.5)/
Co75Fe25(5)/Ir80Mn20(12)/Ru(7) (unit: nanometer) were fabricated using an ultrahigh vacuum magnetron
sputtering system with the base pressure of below 8 × 10 -8 Pa. The bottom CFA electrode was deposited at
RT from a stoichiometric Co-Fe-Al (Co: 50.0%, Fe: 25.0%, Al: 2.5%) target. The film was subsequently
annealed at 480 oC for 15 min to improve the crystalline quality. The MgO tunnel barrier was formed by rf
sputtering directly from a sintered MgO target under an Ar pressure of 10 mTorr. The MTJs were patterned
into an area of 10 × 10 μm2 using conventional photolithography and Ar ion milling process. Patterned
MTJs were annealed at Ta from 300 to 475 oC for 1 hour in high vacuum under 5 kOe magnetic field.
Magnetoresistance measurements were carried out using the standard dc four-point probe method from 10
to 300 K. We have investigated the structure of CFA using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and confirmed B2
structure when annealed at 480 oC. The CFA/MgO/CoFe MTJ with MgO thickness (tMgO) of 1.8 nm
exhibited giant TMR ratio of 330 % at RT and 700 % at 10 K [3]. The TMR ratio of 330 % at RT is much
higher than that of Co2MnSi/MgO/CoFe MTJs (217 % at RT) [4], suggesting that CFA electrode is more
effective in enhancing the TMR effect at RT. The TMR was further increased to 360% at 10 K and 785% at
10 K in CFA/MgO/ultrathin CoFe/CFA MTJs. We have also observed a clear oscillatory behavior of TMR
as a function of tMgO in CFA/MgO/CoFe MTJs. The oscillation can be fitted using two oscillation periods of
3 nm and 6 nm. The TMR oscillation probably indicates that the tunneling transmittance oscillates as a
function of tMgO due to an interference among the evanescent states at E F in MgO between two states,
although the mechanism of the oscillation period is still unclear. The present work opens up not only a new
arena for Heusler alloys but also provides a new material base for studying the origin of the coherent
tunneling effect.
This work was partly supported by the NEDO, CREST and JST-DFG.

[1] N. Tezuka, N. Ikeda, S. Sugimoto and K. Inomata, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 46, L454 (2007).
[2] S. Mizukami, et al., J. Appl. Phys.105, 07D306 (2009).
[3] W.H. Wang, H. Sukegawa, R. Shan, S. Mitani and K. Inomata, Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 182502 (2009).
[4] S. Tsunegi, et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 93, 112506 (2008).
M-I-027

Novel materials for spintronic applications

STUART A. WOLF 1,2, JIWEI LU 1, KEVIN WEST 1, WEI CHEN 2 and NAM DAO 1
1
Department of Materials Science and Engineering
2
Department of Physics,
University of Virginia, Charlottesville VA 229014 USA
saw6b@virginia.edu

Magnetic Random Access Memory or MRAM has progressed from the research laboratory
into the marketplace. However, there are issues with the current generation of MRAM that require
novel innovations for the future development of this universal memory. One of the key innovations
that is already helping to alleviate these issues was the discovery of spin torque switching which will
allow MRAM to scale along with the CMOS circuits that drive it. However, the value of the switching
current density is still too high and to reduce it hat requires the development of novel materials and
structures. This talk will concentrate on our efforts to find new materials and novel magnetic tunnel
junction architectures that will allow the new MRAM which is now called Spin Torque Transfer
Random Access Memory or STT-RAM to succeed. These materials include the discovery of a novel
metal, ruthenium chrome oxide that has very high spin polarization, a key ingredient for lowering the
switching current density. This novel material also has some other really novel properties including
the ability to be self biased. The novel properties of this material as well as other novel materials and
structures that we are exploring will be described in this talk.
M-I-028

Electrical control of room temperature ferromagnetism in magnetic oxide semiconductor

T. FUKUMURA 1,2
1
Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, JAPAN
2
PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi 332-0012, JAPAN
fukumura@imr.tohoku.ac.jp

Ferromagnetic semiconductor is one of the promising materials for the semiconductor


spintronics. In the ferromagnetic semiconductors, itinerant carriers intermediate ferromagnetic
coupling, hence electric field control of the carriers results in manipulation of the ferromagnetism, as
was demonstrated in III-V group based ferromagnetic semiconductors [1]. Next challenge is the
electric field control of ferromagnetism at room temperature by using room temperature ferromagnetic
semiconductor. Wide gap ferromagnetic semiconductors such as oxides have been extensively studied
because of their high TC. Among ferromagnetic oxide semiconductors recently reported [2,3], Co-
doped TiO2 [4] have been comprehensively investigated. This compound becomes ferromagnetic with
TC of ~600 K for higher n-type carrier density with a small amount of Co ions below percolation
threshold [5], showing typical signatures of ferromagnetic spin polarization such as anomalous Hall
effect (AHE) [6] and large ultraviolet-visible magneto-optical effect [7].
Here, we report on electric field control of the ferromagnetism in Co-doped TiO2 at room
temperature. An electric-double-layer transistor was used for inducing sufficiently high carrier density
[8], resulting in a systematic variation of the carrier density and anomalous Hall effect with electric
field gating. This results show that the room temperature ferromagnetism is induced by electric field
effect and also that the ferromagnetism of this compound is originated from electron carrier mediated
mechanism.
This work is in collaboration with M. Kawasaki, K. Ueno, Y. Yamada, Y. Iwasa, H. Shimotani,
and H. T. Yuan.

[1] H. Ohno et al., Nature 408, 944 (2000).


[2] S. J. Pearton et al., J. Appl. Phys. 93, 1 (2003).
[3] R. Janisch et al., J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 17, R657 (2005).
[4] Y. Matsumoto et al., Science 291, 854 (2001); Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 40, L1204 (2001).
[5] K. Ueno et al., J. Appl. Phys. 103, 07D114 (2008).
[6] H. Toyosaki et al., Nature Mater. 3, 221 (2004); K. Ueno et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 072103
(2007); T. Fukumura et al., Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 46, L642 (2007).
[7] T. Fukumura et al., Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 42, L105 (2003); H. Toyosaki et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 86,
182503 (2005).
[8] K. Ueno et al., Nature Mater. 7, 855 (2008).
M-I-029

SQUID magnetometry investigations of Co and Co+Cu doped electrodeposited ZnO nanowires

S. GRANVILLE1, E. MATEI2, I. ENCULESCU2, M.-E BELESI1 and J.-PH. ANSERMET1


1
Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, IPMC, Station 3, CH-1015 Lausanne-EPFL, SWITZERLAND
2
National Institute for Materials Physics, Bucharest, ROMANIA
simon.granville@epfl.ch

Despite the intense interest in recent years, the controversy over the intrinsic or extrinsic
character of high temperature ferromagnetism detected in materials such as ZnO doped with magnetic
elements has not yet been resolved. In order to establish that such a material is ferromagnetic without
the presence of magnetic precipitates, a wide and complementary variety of experimental techniques
are often used, combining structural, magnetic, optical and transport methods. In such studies it is
common to find that only a simple investigation of the magnetic properties is used to provide evidence
of ferromagnetism, such as with a field loop demonstrating magnetic hysteresis. In fact, additional
measurements of the magnetic properties can provide a rich panoply of evidence about the origin of
the the magnetism present.
In this talk we will present an extensive study of the magnetism in ZnCoO, ZnCuO and
ZnCoCuO nanowires made by electrodeposition. The electrodeposition technique allows the
nanowires to be grown far from equilibrium, an important step to reduce the chances of clustering of
dopants or precipitation of alternate phases. The magnetism is investigated mostly via SQUID
magnetometry, and, in addition to the usual temperature- and field-dependent magnetization,
information such as the anisotropy, temperature and time-dependent remanence are explored.
Additionally, we have performed NMR measurements to probe the magnetic state of the Co nuclei, a
technique thusfar neglected in studies of magnetically-doped semiconductors. By performing more
comprehensive investigations of the magnetic character in such materials, a clearer picture of the
intrinsic properties may be easier to determine.
M-I-030

Electric-field effects on (Ga,Mn)As

H. OHNO

Laboratory for Nanoelectronics and Spintronics, Research Institute of Electrical Communication, Tohoku University,
Sendai 980-8577, JAPAN
ohno@riec.tohoku.ac.jp

Curie temperature (TC), coercivity and related magnetic properties of thin ferromagnetic III-V
semiconductor layers, such as (In,Mn)As and (Ga,Mn)As have been shown controllable by applying
electric fields through the change of hole concentration p using metal-insulator-semiconductor
structures [1-4].
Here, we first probe the effect of electric fields on the magnetic moment of (Ga,Mn)As directly
by magnetization measurements [5]. In order to have a high enough sensitivity, we have prepared a
capacitor of 18 mm2 using 3.5 nm thick (Ga,Mn)As having nominal Mn concentration of 7%. The
results show that the magnetic moment per area ms is a function of gate electric field at low
temperature, indicating that the magnetic layer is not responding fully. By the use of modelling of
charge distribution together with modified p-d Zener model, the observed electric-field dependence of
TC and ms [5] and the TC  p0.2 relationship revealed by transport measurements [6] are well
reproduced. If time allows I will touch upon the results of (Ga,Mn)Sb.
We then investigate magnetotransport properties of (Ga,Mn)As thin channel layers using field-
effect transistor structure. It is found that samples with high conductivity (> 200 S/cm) show an
anomalous reduction of the magnitude of the anomalous Hall effect as temperature is reduced, and in
some cases result in the sign reversal of the anomalous Hall coefficient [7]. The electric-field effect on
the sign change reveals complex nature of the phenomena, most probably reflecting band crossings in
the disordered quasi-two-dimensional quantum well.

We thank fruitful collaboration with F. Matsukura, Y. Nishitani1, M. Endo, D. Chiba, M.


Sawicki, A. Korbecka, J. A. Majewski, A. Werpachowska, and T. Dietl. The work was supported in
part by the R & D for Next-Generation IT Program (MEXT).

[1] H. Ohno, D. Chiba, F. Matsukura, T. Omiya, E. Abe, T. Dietl, Y. Ohno, and K. Ohtani, Nature 408,
944 (2000).
[2] D. Chiba, M. Yamanouchi, F. Matsukura, and H. Ohno, Science 301, 943 (2003).
[3] D. Chiba, F. Matsukura, and H. Ohno, Appl. Phys. Lett. 89, 162505 (2006).
[4] D. Chiba, M. Sawicki, Y. Nishitani, Y. Nakatani, F. Matsukura, and H. Ohno, Nature 455, 515
(2008).
[5] M. Sawicki, D. Chiba, A. Korbecka, Y. Nishitani, J. A. Majewski, F. Matsukura, T. Dietl, and H.
Ohno, Nature Phys. 6, 22 (2010).
[6] Y. Nishitani, D. Chiba, M. Endo, M. Sawicki, F. Matsukura, T. Dietl, and H. Ohno, Phys. Rev. B,
to be published.
[7] D. Chiba, A. Werpachowska, M. Endo, Y. Nishitani, F. Matsukura, T. Dietl, and H. Ohno,
submitted.
M-I-031

Misfit strain accommodation in epitaxial ABO3 perovskites: Lattice distortions and lattice
modulations

A. VAILIONIS1, H. BOSCHKER2, E. HOUWMAN2, G. KOSTER2,


G. RIJNDERS2 and D.H.A. BLANK2
1
Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
2
MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, 7500 AE Enschede, THE NETHERLANDS
a.vailionis@stanford.edu

Transition-metal oxides exhibit a wide variety of exotic magnetic, electronic and structural
properties that are highly intertwined. The unusual behavior points to the presence of strong electron-
electron and electron-lattice correlations in these materials. It is known that the latter one can be
modified by hydrostatic or chemical pressure. For thin epitaxial ABO3 perovskite films the substrate-
induced biaxial stress is an effective tool to modify the electron-lattice coupling. Here we present a
microstructural study of the lattice effects in SrRuO3 and La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 thin films grown under
different tensile and compressive stresses on variety of single crystal substrates: SrTiO3, DyScO3,
NdGaO3 and (La,Sr)(Al,Ta)O3 and analyzed by x-ray diffraction and extended x-ray absorption fine
structure.[1-3] Due to the symmetry constraints, the cubic or "pseudocubic" perovskite unit cell does
not reveal the diversity of distortions and tilts of BO6 octahedra which are known to play a significant
role in magnetic and electronic properties of the ABO3 perovskites. We show that the lattice distortions
in perovskite thin films under misfit stress can be quantitatively described by assuming a lower
symmetry unit cell: tetragonal, orthorhombic or monoclinic. The results demonstrate that the misfit
strain modifies the degree and direction of BO6 octahedra distortions and rotations via structural
transitions between tetragonal and orthorhombic unit cells. Although the studied thin films are
coherently strained to the underlying substrate, the stress relief mechanism is highly anisotropic along
perpendicular in-plane directions. Such anisotropic misfit stress accommodation is believed to promote
anisotropic magnetic or electronic properties of the materials.

[1] A. Vailionis, H. Boschker, E. Houwman, G. Koster, G. Rijnders, and D.H. A. Blank, Appl. Phys.
Lett. 95, 152508 (2009).
[2] A. Vailionis, W. Siemons, and G. Koster, Appl. Phys. Lett. 93, 051909 (2008).
[3] A. Vailionis, W. Siemons, and G. Koster, Appl. Phys. Lett. 91, 071907 (2007).
M-I-032

Charge-mediated magnetoelectric coupling in all-oxide multiferroic heterostructures

C.A.F. VAZ1, J. HOFFMAN1, Y. SEGAL1, F.J. WALKER1, C.H. AHN 1,


H.J.A. MOLEGRAAF 2, J.-M. TRISCONE 2 and Z. ZHANG 3
1
Department of Applied Physics and CRISP, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
2
DPMC, University of Geneva, 24 Quai Ernest Ansermet1211 Geneva 4, SWITZERLAND
3
Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory,Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
carlos.vaz@yale.edu

Complex oxides are materials systems characterized by a wide range of functional properties,
including magnetism, ferroelectricity, and various correlated electron transport phenomena, a
consequence of the strong electron-electron and electron-phonon interactions which intimately link
charge, spin and lattice distortions. Of particular interest are systems where magnetic and ferroelectric
orders coexist (so-called multiferroics), and where the presence of magnetoelectric coupling could
enable the electrostatic control of magnetism in the solid state. While such properties are present in
some single-phase compounds, considerable focus has been placed on the design of composite
multiferroic systems tailored to exhibit a strong coupling between the magnetization and ferroelectric
polarization. Here, we present recent results demonstrating a large, charge-mediated, magnetoelectric
coupling in epitaxial Pb(Zr,Ti)O3/La1-xSrxMnO3 (PZT/LSMO) heterostructures. Using magneto-optic
Kerr effect magnetometry to probe directly the magnetic order parameter, we observe large
polarization-driven modifications in the magnetism of LSMO. The strong coupling between magnetic
and electric order parameters is a direct consequence of the sensitivity of the electronic state of LSMO
to charge, which is a hallmark of this class of strongly correlated metal oxide systems. In addition, by
directly measuring the change in the Mn cation valency by means of advanced spectroscopic
techniques, we have studied the electronic mechanisms underlying this phenomenon. Room
temperature near edge x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XANES) measurements in PZT/LSMO epitaxial
device structures reveal a large modulation in the valency of the Mn upon modulation of the
ferroelectric polarization, demonstrating the microscopic origin of the magnetoelectric coupling in
these multiferroic heterostructures [2]. From estimates of the change in magnetic moment and Mn
valency, we infer that the interfacial spin ordering is modified upon charge doping, an effect that has a
correspondence with the bulk behavior of LSMO, and which has been suggested recently to occur in
BaTiO3/LaBaMnO3 heterostructures [3]. This ability to control spin via electric fields opens a new
pathway for the development of novel spin-based technologies.

[1] H. J. A. Molegraaf, J. Hoffman, C. A. F. Vaz, S. Gariglio, D. van der Marel, C. H. Ahn, and J.-M.
Triscone, Advanced Materials 21 (2009) 3470.
[2] C. A. F. Vaz, J. Hoffman, Y. Segal, J. W. Reiner, R. D. Grober, Z. Zhang, C. H. Ahn, F. J. Walker,
unpublished (2009).
[3] J. D. Burton and E. Tsymbal, Phys. Rev. B 80 (2009) 174406.
M-I-033

The relation between magnetism and Structure in SrRuO3 thin film

B.W. LEE1, C.U. JUNG1, M. KAWASAKI2, AND Y. TOKURA2 and T.W. NOH3
1
Department of Physicss, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Kyounggi-Do 449-791, KOREA
2
Cross-Correlation Materials Research Group, RIKEN, Wako 351-0198, JAPAN
3
ReCOE & FPRD, School of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul, KOREA
cu-jung@hufs.ac.kr

SrRuO3 has been was adopted as an oxide electrode for ferroelectric device due to its low
resistivity and its interesting magnetic properties have also attracted a great deal of scientific interest.
The electronic and magnetic properties of SrRuO3 thin film have been shown to be affected drastically
by epitaxial strain and the domain behavior. For example, the SrRuO3 thin film grown on SrTiO3 (001)
and DyScO3 (110) substrates was reported to show quite different crystal structure. YTiO3 is a
ferromagnetic Mott insulator and the origin of magnetic properties are not clearly explained.
We have studied the correlation between the magnetic properties and the structural
modification in SrRuO3 thin films. The magnetic properties were found to change systematically with
the change of structural distortion of the SrRuO3 thin films. First, we demonstrated a control of the
magnetic easy axis in SrRuO3 thin films on SrTiO3 (110) substrates by introducing tunable strain.[1]
But control of the growth direction of SrRuO3 was rather limited. For example, only orthorhombic a-
axis growth could be obtained for SrRuO3 on SrTiO3 (110) substrates. Secondly, we also found that
miscut STO (001) substrate can stabilize twin-free CaHfO3 buffer layer and the SrRuO3 film grown
on top of this buffer layer was of high quality and tensile strain, and had an in-plane magnetic easy
axis.[2] Thirdly, we used (Ca,Sr)SnO3 and CaHfO3 buffer on SrTiO3 (110) substrates to change widely
the growth orientation as well as the amount of epitaxial strain of SrRuO3 on top of these buffer
layers.[3] We could obtain various film with different growth orientation such as (100)o, (010), (111)o
growth as well as with different amount of strain by using the above buffer layers having different
amount of orthorhombic distortion. High quality YTiO3 thin films were grown by using the pulsed
laser deposition.[4] The in-plane asymmetric atomic arrangements of LaAlO3 (110) substrates allowed
us to grow the epitaxial YTiO3 thin films for the first time, which have orthorhombic crystal structure
with quite different a- and b-axes lattice constants.

[1] C. U. Jung, H. Yamada, M. Kawasaki, and Y. Tokura, Appl. Phys. Lett. 84, 2590 (2004).
[2] B. W. Lee, C. U. Jung, M. Kawasaki, and Y. Tokura, J. Appl. Phys. 104, 103909 (2008).
[3] B. W. Lee and C. U. Jung, in preparation.
[4] S. C. Chae, Y. J. Chang, S. S. A. Seo and T. W. Noh, D.-W. Kim, and C. U. Jung,
Appl. Phys. Lett. 89, 182512 (2006).
M-I-034

Magnetic and electronic structure in epitaxial ABO3 perovskite ultrathin films

YOUNG JUN CHANG 1,2,3, CHOONG H. KIM1, SOO-HYON PHARK 1, AARON BOSTWICK 2,
YONG SU KIM 1,2,4, JAEJUN YU 1, T. W. NOH1, KARSTEN HORN 3 and ELI ROTENBERG 2
1
Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-747, KOREA
2
Advanvced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, Californica 94720, USA
3
Fritz-Haber-Institute der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Berlin, GERMANY
4
Department of Applied Physics, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do, 426-791, KOREA
yjchang@lbl.gov

Complex oxide materials exhibit a wide spectrum of fascinating magnetic, electronic and
structural properties that are associated each other. One fundamental question is how thin film can
maintain its own physical characteristics. On the other hand, we can expect novel properties in those
surface/interface derived regime. It has been known that many of ferromagnetic metals may become
insulating non-magnetic when the film thickness is very thin. The 4d ferromagnetic metal SrRuO3
films on the band insulator SrTiO3 provide a good model system to investigate the thickness limit of
metallic ferromagnetism with help of the excellent surface stability and the high-quality epitaxial
growth mode with very smooth surface. We carried out the first principles calculations and scanning
tunneling spectroscopic studies with the SrRuO3 ultrathin films grown in different thicknesses on
SrTiO3 (001) single crystal substrates. Due to the reduced vertical dimension, the SrRuO3 films
showed significantly reduced density of states at the Fermi level with robust metallic properties but
reducing ferromagnetic transition temperatures. We show that the quantum confinement of a vertical
t2g orbital plays a significant role in magnetic and electronic properties of the SrRuO3 ultrathin films.
The result demonstrates that the effect of surface/interface on the complex oxide materials modifies the
orbital configuration through the quantum confinement. In addition, we discuss our recent effort in the
electronic structure of SrTiO3 and related perovskite oxides by using the synchrotron-based in situ
angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy.

[1] Y. J. Chang, C. H. Kim, S.-H. Phark, Y. S. Kim, J. Yu, T. W. Noh, Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 057201
(2009).
[2] Y. J. Chang, A. Bostwick, Y. S. Kim, K. Horn, E. Rotenberg in preparation.
M-I-035

Magnetocaloric effects in manganites with perovskite structure

A. CHEIKH-ROUHOU1,2, W. CHEIKH-ROUHOU KOUBAA1 and M. KOUBAA1


1
Laboratoire de Physique des Matériaux, Faculté des Sciences de Sfax, B. P. 1171, Sfax, TUNISIA
2
Institut Néel, CNRS, B. P. 166, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, FRANCE
abdcheikhrouhou@yahoo.fr

Magnetocaloric refrigeration is a promising alternative technique for low-temperature cooling


to replace the conventional gas expansion-compression technique based on the use of toxic gases like
the CFC or the HCFC. This novel technology presents several advantages, in fact besides the property
of being environmentally friendly (it does not use coolants or emit greenhouse gases), it undergoes a
higher efficiency and it is compact in size.
Magnetocaloric materials, when subjected to a magnetic applied field at their phase transition
temperature, undergo a magnetic transition which results in the entropy change of the magnetocaloric
materials. This phenomenon is known as the magnetocaloric effect (MCE). This entropy change
results in a temperature change that can be used to heat/cool the coolant. Amongst the different
materials that exhibit MCE (Gd, Gd5Si2Ge2, Ni-Mn-Ga, Mn-As-Sb, …), the family of magnetic oxides
with perovskite structure known as manganites have also shown interesting MCE, for a large
temperature range around room temperature.
In this work, we were interested in the study of the MCE deduced from isothermal
magnetization curves in manganites with several compositions in order to achieve materials witch are
suitable to be used in magnetic refrigeration technique. Several compounds with general formula La1-
xMxMnO3 where M is a divalent alkali-earth (Ca, Ba, Sr) or monovalent (Na, Ag, K) elements have
been elaborated using the solid state reaction method at high temperature and characterized by X-Ray
diffraction and magnetization measurements versus temperature and versus magnetic applied field.
The entropy change versus temperature and versus magnetic applied field has been deduced from the
magnetic measurements and will be presented. Our results, compared to that observed in Gd or
GdSiGe for example, show that the manganites exhibit a giant MCE around or above room
temperature and are suitable for applications in the magnetic refrigeration area.
M-I-036

Synthesis of magnetic nanoparticles for NMR imaging of liver and brain

M.P. MORALES, A.G. ROCA, L. CABRERA, L. GUTIERREZ, S. VEINTEMILLAS-VERDAGUER


and C.J. SERNA

Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, CSIC, Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, 28049 Cantoblanco, Madrid, SPAIN
puerto@icmm.csic.es

Magnetic nanoparticles have the potential to revolutionize current approaches to clinical


diagnostic and therapeutic treatment [1]. In particular, the use of small superparamagnetic iron oxide
nanoparticles as contrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has gained wide acceptance for
imaging vascular leakage, macrophages and for cell tracking [2]. A particularly promising approach is
the use of these nanoparticles for the detection and treatment of active lesions in neurodegenerative
disease.
Colloidal dispersions of monodispersed and high-crystalline magnetite nanoparticles have been
used to establish a relationship between magnetic properties and relaxometric parameters in vitro [4].
Magnetite nanoparticles with diameters between 4 and 14 nm were synthesized by thermal
decomposition in different organic solvents which allows synthetic control of particle features such as
size, magneto-crystalline phases, and surface chemistry [5]. These innovative nanoparticles show
superior magnetic properties and MR contrast enhancement effects compared to those of conventional
MR contrast agents. Water stability can be attained by ligand exchange with dimercaptosuccinic acid
(DMSA), which provides high stability in aqueous media and free ligand groups for further
biomolecule conjugation. The highest relaxivity value (r2=317 s -1 mM-1) was much higher than those
for commercial contrast agents with similar hydrodynamic size and it was assigned to the higher
particle crystallinity. Relaxivity values followed the same trend as the suspension magnetic
susceptibilities, indicating that the aggregate size is an important factor governing the proton relaxation
times above a certain particle size [4]. It can be concluded that in addition to the sample crystallinity,
both particle size and aggregate size should be considered in order to explain the magnetic and
relaxivity values of a suspension.
Finally, the way in which the chemical and biophysical properties of nanoparticles define their
interaction with cells, tissues and organs will be also addressed here as well as the extent of post-
injection nanoparticle clearance and bioaccumulation in several organs.

[1] J. Kim, Y. Piao, T. Hyeon, Chem. Soc. Rev., 38, 372-90 (2009).
[2] C. Sun, J. S. Lee, M. Zhang, Adv. Drug. Deliv. Rev., 60, 1252-65 (2008).
[3] R. Mejías, R. Costo, A. G. Roca, C. F. Arias, S. Veintemillas-Verdaguer, T. Gonzalez-Carreno,
M.P. Morales, C. J. Serna, S. Mañes, D. F. Barber, J. Control. Release, 130, 168-74 (2008)
[4] A. G. Roca, S. Veintemillas-Verdaguer, M. Port, C. Robic, C. J. Serna, M. P. Morales, J. Phys.
Chem. B., 113, 7033-9 (2009).
[5] A. G. Roca, M. Morales, K. O'Grady, C. Serna, Nanotechnology, 17, 2783-2788 (2006).
M-I-037

Theoretical investigation of thermally assisted magnetization reversal

D. HINZKE 1, S. GERLACH 1, T. OSTLER 2, R. W. CHANTRELL 2 and U. NOWAK1


1
Department of Physics, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, GERMANY
2
Department of Physics, University of York, York YO10 5DD, U. K
ulrich.nowak@uni-konstanz.de

Ultrafast magnetization dynamics has been extensively studied recently as a possibility to improve
the storage density as well as the writing speed in magnetic data storage. In particular, the direct, ultrafast
manipulation of the magnetization with the aid of femtosecond laser promises to become a real alternative
to those techniques where magnetic field pulses are used in addition to laser heating. In Refs. [1,2] it was
recently demonstrated that a sub 100 femtosecond, circularly polarized laser pulse is able to reverse
magnetization on a time scale of some picoseconds, as if it acts as an equally short magnetic field pulse
pointing along the direction of light caused by the inverse Faraday effect. The relevant time-scales and
mechanisms of such optically induced magnetization reversal processes are not fully understood yet. In
femtosecond single-shot time-resolved imaging of magnetic structures [3] it has been shown that the
magnetization reverses via a so-called ultrafast linear pathway [4] and not via precession. Furthermore, it
was found that the success of the switching depends on the pump intensity of the laser as well as the field
pulse duration time.
As a first step, we perform single macro-spin simulations [5] within the framework of the Landau-
Lifshitz-Bloch (LLB) equation [6]. A phase diagram can be calculated, defining the combination of the
maximum electron temperature (gained from a two temperature model) and the field pulse duration for
which reversal occurs [3]. It can be seen from this diagram that field pulse durations as short as 250 fs can
be sufficient to trigger magnetization reversal. These findings coincide with the experimental results [3].
In a second step, we extend our approach to LLB based multi-macro spin simulations, using
methods as described in Ref. [5]. We simulate extended systems of up to 10 7 macro-spins where the
exchange coupling as well as the dipolar interaction is taken into account. Furthermore, we assume a
Gaussian electron temperature profile in order to model a more realistic laser spot as used in the
experiments. Within that model the magnetization evolution after excitation with a circular polarized laser
pulse of a film with an area of 10 μm x 10 μm can be simulated. The magnetization evolution is exactly the
same as found in the experiment [3]. This demonstrates that the opto-magnetic reversal phenomenon is
essentially a thermodynamic phenomenon since heating to around the Curie temperature is necessary in
order to establish the disordered state central to the linear reversal process.

[1] A. V. Kimel, A. Kirilyuk, P. A. Usachev, R. V. Pisarev, A. M. Balbashow, and Th. Rasing, Nature 435,
655 (2005).
[2] C. D. Stanciu, F. Hansteen, A. V. Kimel, A. Kirilyuk, A. Tsukamoto, A. Itoh, and Th. Rasing, Phys.
Rev. Lett. 99, 047601 (2007).
[3] K. Vahaplar, A. M. Kalashnikowa, A. V. Kimel, D. Hinzke, U. Nowak, R. W. Chantrell, A. Tsukamoto,
A. Itoh, and Th. Rasing, Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 117201 (2009).
[4] N. Kazantseva, D. Hinzke, R. W. Chantrell, and U. Nowak, Euro. Phys. Lett. 86, 27006 (2009) [5] N.
Kazantseva, D. Hinzke, U. Nowak, R. W. Chantrell, U. Atxitia, and O. Chubykalo-Fesenko, Phys. Rev. B
77, 184428 (2008).
[6] D. A. Garanin, Phys. Rev. B 55, 3050 (1997).
M-I-038

Spintronics at magnetic domain walls

C. H. MARROWS

School of Physics and Astornomy, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UNITED KINGDOM
c.h.marrows@leeds.ac.uk

The term spintronics is used to mean the use of the spin degree of freedom of the electron to
store and process information, much as charge is used in current microelectronics. Typically
ferromagnetic materials are involved where the electrons are spin-polarised: the magnetisation
direction of the ferromagnet provides the spin-quantisation axis. Real ferromagnets contain domain
walls and other magnetisation gradients and so the spin-quantisation axis can vary spatially over quite
short lengthscales, with profound consequences for the interactions between an electrical current and
the magnetization [1]. The domain wall can affect the current, giving rise to additional resistance to
spin-polarised carriers. The current can also affect the wall, with conservation of angular momentum
giving rise to so called spin-transfer torques. These result in domain wall motion induced by high
current densities. I will discuss our studies of both domain wall resistance and domain wall motion in a
variety of ferromagnetic metals and nanostructures, and discuss the ways in which the effects might be
optimized for exploitation in future information technologies.

[1] C. H. Marrows, Advances in Physics 57, 585 (2005).


M-I-039

Synthesis and thermophysical studies of nano ferrites

M. ANIS-UR-REHMAN

Thermal Physics Laboratory, Department of Physics, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Islamabad 44000,
PAKISTAN
marehman@comsats.edu.pk

The emergence of many new technologies and modern electronics can not be realized without
magnetic components. Soft ferrites are very useful for a wide variety of technological applications
especially in high frequency devices due to high resistivity and low eddy current losses. High surface
to volume ratio, particle size, crystallinity and distribution of cations play a very important role on the
properties of nano particles. Soft nano ferrite particles were synthesized by wet chemical methods and
characterized to understand the microstructure, electrical transport properties and magnetic properties.
The composition was varied by changing the ‗A’ concentration in Co1-xAxFe2O4 (A = Zn, Ni) nano
particles with stoichiometric proportion (x) varying from 0.0 to 1.0. Prepared samples were
characterized by X-ray diffraction at room temperature for structural analysis. X-ray diffraction patterns
confirmed the FCC spinel structure of synthesized particles. The crystallite sizes were calculated from
the most intense peak (311) using the Debye-Scherrer formula. At reaction temperature of 70°C, the
obtained crystallite size was in the range 8 – 21 nm, which were least in the range so far reported. Then
samples were sintered at 550°C for 2 hours, characterized by X-ray diffraction at room temperature and
DC electrical resistivity measurements were done as a function of temperature. The crystallite sizes and
lattice constants for all compositions were calculated before and after sintering, and compared to know
the effects of sintering on structure. Activation energy calculated from the measurements of DC
electrical resistivity as a function of temperature for all the samples were in the range from 0.505 eV to
0.676 eV. Magnetic properties of the prepared samples were characterized by Vibrating Sample
Magnetometer. It was found that the coericivity and remanence decreases with increase of ‗A’
concentration.
M-I-040

Ultrafast Magnetization Dynamics of Lanthanide Surfaces

U. BOVENSIEPEN

Department of Physics, University of Duisburg-Essen, Lotharstr. 1, 47048 Duisburg, Germany


uwe.bovensiepen@uni-due.de

Microscopic understanding of the interaction between spins and the charge and lattice degrees of
freedom can be furthered by pump-probe experiments with femtosecond time resolution because on
these ultrafast time scales the inverse rates of electron-magnon, phonon-magnon, electron-electron,
and electron-phonon scattering can be distinguished directly in the time domain [1].
In this talk such femtosecond pump-probe studies are presented for the lanthanide surfaces
Gd(0001) and Tb(0001). Lanthanides carry a strong magnetic moment in the 4f shell, which is
localized at the ion core and spin-polarizes the 5d conduction band. The electronic structure of the
respective surfaces is characterized by an exchange-split 5dz2 surface state, which is essential in the
optical excitation and detection of the dynamics presented here. The experimental work is based on
surface sensitive detection by time-resolved optical second harmonic generation (SHG), which exploits
even and odd symmetry of optical field contributions with respect to magnetization reversal [2].
Thereby, the spin dynamics and the combined electron and lattice dynamics are monitored in two
separate detection channels. In addition, time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy [3,4] gives detailed
insight into the transient electron populations and variations of the electron binding energy.
Upon optical excitation at 1.5 eV photon energy and 1 mJ/cm2 fluence by 35 fs laser pulses
electron hole pairs are generated within the exchange-split electronic structure. This way we analyze
thermalization of the excited carriers and transfer of the excess energy to lattice vibrations. In addition
a pronounced coherent dynamics is detected which is manifested by oscillations of even and odd SHG
contributions as a function of pump-probe delay. The observed frequency of 3 THz indicates that the
mode is derived from a longitudinal optical phonon, which is found to be strongly coupled to the spin
system. Excitation, coupling, and damping of this phonon-magnon mode will discussed [5,6].
Finally, the ultrafast dynamics at the surface will be contrasted to the dynamics in the bulk,
which is studied by femtosecond time-resolved analysis of the magneto-optical Kerr effect and x-ray
magnetic circular dichroism at the Gd M5 absorption edge performed at the synchrotron radiation
facility BESSY II in Berlin, Germany. Pronounced differences at the surface and bulk dynamics
indicate that spin-polarized charge carrier transfer between surface and bulk must be taken into
account to understand the change of the surface spin polarization occurring already during the duration
of the femtosecond laser pulse.
The experimental work has been conducted at the physics department of the Freie Universität
Berlin, Germany. Support by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft through priority program 1133
and the Heisenberg program is gratefully acknowledged.

[1] U. Bovensiepen, J. Phys.: Cond. Matter 19, 083201 (2007).


[2] A. Melnikov et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 227403 (2003).
[3] M. Lisowski et al, Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 137402 (2005).
[4] P. A. Loukakos et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 097401 (2007).
[5] A. Melnikov et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 247401 (2008).
[6] A. Melnikov et al., J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 41, 164004 (2008).
M-I-041

Precise probing spin wave dynamics in circular magnetic dots: influence of dots aspect ratio,
magnetic field and direction of microwave field pumping

F.G. ALIEV1, A.A. AWAD1, K.Y. GUSLIENKO2, J. F. SIERRA1, D. DIELEMAN1,


G. N. KAKAZEI3, D.-S HAN4, S.-K. KIM4, AND V. METLUSHKO
1
Dpto. Física de la Materia Condensada, CIII, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
2
Dpto. Fisica de Materiales, Universidad del Pais Vasco, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
3
Depto. Fisica da Faculdade de Ciencias, Universidade do Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
4 35
Research Center for Spin Dynamics and Spin-Wave Devices, Seoul National University, Seoul, 1510744 South Korea
Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, 60607 USA
farkhad.aliev@uam.es

Vortices are encountered many natural systems ranging from galaxies to superconductors and
superfluids. Knowledge of vortex dynamics in stratified conditions is of special importance. Spin wave
dynamics in Permalloy dots with magnetic vortex and situated in the applied external in-plain
magnetic field could be considered as a simple toy model to investigate dynamics of single vortex state
in the confined stratified media.
First we discuss dependence of spin wave modes excited by in-plane magnetic field on dots
aspect ratio [1]. The frequency splitting of two lowest azimuthal modes was observed and described by
dynamic splitting model accounting the spin waves and vortex gyrotropic mode interaction [2].
Secondly, we describe precise measurements of spin dynamics in the vortex state of the circular
magnetic dots by exciting spins in different in-plane directions with respect to applied in-plane bias
magnetic field [3]. Spin wave dynamics was measured using FMR-VNA technique [4,5]. We
unambiguously demonstrate experimentally and by micromagnetic simulations the existence of two
distinct dynamic vortex (stable and metastable) regimes. Dynamic response in the metastable state
strongly depends on relative orientation of the external rf pumping and bias magnetic fields. Parallel rf
pumping is shown to be unique tool to observe spin excitation modes localized near the strongly
shifted vortex core for the bias field between the vortex nucleation and annihilation fields. Meanwhile,
the perpendicular rf pumping which excites the spin waves throughout the entire dot, reveals crossover
between two dynamic vortex regimes near the nucleation field. Our findings open new possibilities for
development of magnetic devices with precise control over the magnetization switching process. They
also underscore importance of understanding of dynamic response in different nanostructured
materials with vortices in confined and stratified conditions.
Finally, we shall present preliminary results on spin wave dynamics of dipolar (20nm separation)
or exchange (0.9bn separation) vertically coupled Py dots.

[1] A. Awad, et al., Appl. Phys. Lett., 96, 012503 (2010).


[2] K.Guslienko, et al., Phys. Rev. Lett., 101, 247203 (2008).
[3] F.G. Aliev, et al., Phys. Rev. B 79, 174433 (2009).
[4] J. F. Sierra, et al., Appl. Phys. Lett., 93, 172510, (2008).
[5] J. F. Sierra, et al., Appl. Phys. Lett., 94, 012506 (2009).
M-I-042

Unified theory of magnetoelectric effects

MAXIM MOSTOVOY

Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4,


9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
m.mostovoy@rug.nl

I will present a semi-phenomenological theory of magnetoelectric phenomena in materials where


the dominant coupling between spins and charges originates from nonrelativistic exchange interactions
between electrons. This theory provides a unified description of magnetically-induced electric
polarization in multiferroic materials, electromagnon excitations and a linear magnetoelectric effect.

In particular, I will discuss rare earth manganites, RMnO3 and RMn2O5, showing competing
commensurate and incommensurate spin orders, both of which are ferroelectric. This competition has
important implications for the dynamic magnetoelectric coupling between spin waves and polar
phonons, resulting in electromagnon peaks in optical absorption. I will consider electromagnons in
non-collinear magnets exhibiting a linear magnetoelectric effect, such as the layered triangular and
Kagome antiferromagnets carrying monopole or toroidal magnetic moments. Finally, I will discuss the
linear magnetoelectric effect induced by thermal spin fluctuations.
M-I-043

X-ray absorption spectroscopy: A tool for tailoring the properties of spinel nanoferrites

GIULIANA AQUILANTI1 and M. ANIS-UR-REHMAN2

1
Sincrotrone Trieste, Area Science Park, s.s. 14 km 163.5 I-34149 Basovizza, Trieste – ITALY
2
Applied Thermal Physics Laboratory, Department of Physics, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Islamabad
44000, Pakistan.
giuliana.aquilanti@elettra.trieste.it

Information on local crystal and electronic structure with elemental specificity is of paramount
importance to understand many scientific problems. X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) is
particularly suited for this. Over the last four decades, XAS has progressed from being a technique
only suitable for specialists to become a mature X-ray technique, with a wide range of applications,
across many scientific disciplines.
Spinel structured ferrites exhibit a range of electrical and magnetic properties that make them
particularly appealing for many technological applications such as permanent magnets, microwave
absorbers, catalysts and chemical sensors [1-3]. Since the peculiar properties of ferrites are strictly
related to the distribution of cations between octahedral and tetrahedral sites in the spinel structure, the
control of cation distribution provides a means to tailor their properties [4-6].
EXAFS study of Co1-xYxFe2O4 nanoparticles (Y = Zn and Cd) is being presented here. Using
this technique, the information about the site distribution for Fe and Co/Y edges is determined. The
obtained information on the cation distribution is useful to understand the microstructure of spinel
ferrites and the effects on their structural, electrical and magnetic properties

[1] J. D. Adam, S. V. Krishnaswamy, S. H. Talisa, K. C. Yoo, J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 83, 419
(1990).
[2] J. G. Lee, J. Y. Park, Y.-J. Oh, C. S. Kim, J. Appl. Phys. 84 (5), 2801 (1998).
[3] S. C. Petrosius, R. S. Drago, V. Young, G. C. Grunewald, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 115, 6131 (1993).
[4] C. J. Goss, Phys Chem. Miner. 16, 164 (1998).
[5] M. Lenglet, B. Lefez, Solid State Commun. 98 (8), 689 (1996).
[6] E. Mendelovici, R. Villalba, A. Sagazarzu, Thermochim. Acta 318, 51 (1998).
MAGNETISM

ORAL PRESENTATION
M-O-001

Magnetic studies of evaporated Co/Si (100) and Co/glass thin films

A. KHARMOUCHE

Faculté des Sciences de l’Ingénieur, Université Ferhat Abbas, Sétif 19000, ALGERIA
kharmouche_ahmed@yahoo.fr

We have evaporated series of Co thin films under vacuum onto Si (100) and glass substrates, with a
perpendicular incidence. The thickness of the magnetic layer ranges from 50 to 195 nm. Microscopic
characterizations of the films are done with X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements and infer that all the
samples are polycrystalline, with an hexagonal close packed (h.c.p.) structure and show a <0001> preferred
orientation, the grain size increasing with the thickness of the magnetic layer.The computed parameters
cells values conclude to a compressive stress for the thinnest film. The static magnetic properties have been
performed by means of magnetic force microscopy (M.F.M.) and Alternating Gradient Field Magnetometer
(A.G.F.M.). The dynamic magnetic properties have been investigated by means of Brillouin Light
Scattering (B.L.S.) measurements. The MFM observations were performed after in-plane ac
demagnetization and stripe domains are observed only for the thickest films, showing the weaker
perpendicular anisotropies. Using results provided by these tools, we have computed first, second and
uniaxial magnetic anisotropy factors (K1, K2 and Ku) by way of several methods. Values of the computed
effective magnetic anisotropy factors Ku, up to 7.106 erg.cm-3, have been found. All these results will be
discussed and correlated.
Figures 1, 2 and 3 display the main results of the properties of the studied Co thin films.
2.5

0.08
2

H//
Intensity (arb.unit)

0.04
1.5
HPERP.
m(emu)

0.00
1

-0.04
0.5

-0.08
0
15 20 25 30 35 40
-1.5 -1.0 -0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5
H(kOe)
Theta (degrees)

Fig.1 XRD scans for Co/Si with thickness Fig. 2. Hysteresis curves obtained for Co (195
t = 195 nm, t = 173 nm and t = 125 nm, from top nm) film, in the polar (H perpendicular to the film
to down. The diffraction peaks in the X-ray plane) and the longitudinal configuration (H
spectra, from left to right, correspond to the <10- paralel to the film plane)
10>, <0002> and <10-11> Co peaks.

(a) Si /C o (195 nm)

Calculated spectrum
Experimental spect rum
Intensity (a.u.)

Fig. 3. Experimental and calculated Brillouin


spectra of Co/Si samples, for the tCo=195
-40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40
sample. Apllied field H=1 kOe.
Frequency shift (GHz)
M-O-002

Crystal and electronic structures and magnetic properties of the unique colossal
magnetoresistive Sm1-xSrxMnO3 manganites

A.I. KURBAKOV

Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute RAS, 188300 Gatchina, Leningrad district, RUSSIA
kurbakov@pnpi.spb.ru

In this work, we present the electronic, magnetic and structural phase diagram of perovskite
manganites Sm1-xSrxMnO3 constructed using the results of our long-term systematic studies of this system
by high-resolution neutron powder diffraction and magnetic and transport measurements reported
previously as well as new unreported data. There have been almost no neutron diffraction studies of the
crystal and magnetic structures of manganites containing samarium because of the very high neutron-
absorption cross section of natural samarium. One of the purposes of this work is to show that the
interpretation of physical processes in complex strongly correlated manganite systems based only on the
results of macroscopic measurements (without using adequate structural data) can be insufficiently deep.
Figure shows the summary phase diagram of the perovskite manganites Sm 1–xSrxMnO3
(0.16≤x≤0.67). It is constructed using the diagram from [1] with addition of our results on the crystal,
electronic and magnetic structures obtained from the neutron diffraction data.
The tendency of researched system to formation of the phase-separated states on crystallographic as
well as, in the even greater extent, on magnetic level is exhibited. It is shown that there is a clear
correlation between fine specific features and temperature evolution of crystal structures, the corresponding
types of low-temperature spin ordering of the Mn ions, and physical properties of the Sm-Sr series of
manganites obtained from temperature magnetic and transport measurements.

and AFMI, for AFM insulator). The vertical inscriptions


correspond to the neutron diffraction data: F is
homogeneous ferromagnet; A-AF is A-type homogeneous
antiferromagnet; C-AF is C-type homogeneous
antiferromagnet; and F+A-AF, A-AF+F are phase-separated
magnetic systems with a mixture of ferromagnetism and
antiferromagnetism in which the F and AF phases
dominate, respectively. The dashed areas correspond to
homogeneous magnetic states: F (horizontal hatching), A-
AF (vertical hatching), and C-AF (diagonal hatching).
Areas, corresponding to different types of crystal structure
Pbnm (O and O') and I4/mcm (at all temperatures) and a
Figure. Electronic, structural and magnetic
mixture Pbnm + P21/m (only at low temperatures), are also
phase diagram of the Sm1-xSrxMnO3 system.
indicated by arrows. The supposed types of orbital ordering
in AF phases (3x2-r2)/(3y2-r2), (3z2-r2) and (x2-y2) are shown
Close circles and triangles correspond
schematically.
accordingly to the values of TC and TN from
[1]. The arrows at the top indicate the region
of existence of CMR and phase separation [1] C. Martin, A. Maignan, M. Hervieu and B. Raveau,
(PS) [1]. The horizontal inscriptions indicate Phys. Rev. B 60, 12191 (1999).
the types of the ground state as derived from
macroscopic measurements in [1] (FMI
stands for FM insulator; FMM, for FM
metal;
M-O-003

Development of FeSiB/CoSiB bilayered ribbons by melt spinning technique

A. MITRA1, R.K. ROY1, B. MAHATO1, A.K. PANDA1,


G.VLASAK2, D. JANICKOVIC2 and P. SVEC (Sr) 2

1
Magnetics Lab, Materials Science & Technology Division, National Metallurgical Laboratory,
(Council of Scientific & Industrial Research), Jamshedpur-831009, INDIA
2
Institute of Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 9 ,84511 Bratislava, SLOVAKIA
amitra@nmlindia.org

The potentiality of bilayered sensors in applications like detection and monitoring of bending
force, displacement, temperature changes, medical (chest wall displacements, heart activity, blood
pressure) and automotive sector (angle and torque movement) has prompted the development of
amorphous bilayered materials by different research groups. Magnetostrictive amorphous bilayered
sensors have been prepared by agglutination of an amorphous ribbon on plastic / polymer sheets
welding of single layered ribbons etc. The former technique has the limitation of low sensor output due
to thickness of glue while the later one leads to inhomogeneous force distribution between the two
bilayers.
In view of the limitations pertaining to fabrication of bilayered magnetostrictive sheets
monolithic bilayered amorphous ribbon castings have been explore by rapid solidification route using
melt spinning technology. In the present technique, bilayered ribbons were prepared using a single
crucible with two chambers. The partitioned chambers have slits for melt ejection in a precise
geometry so as to follow the melt flow dynamics to form the bilayered ribbons. The alloys in the
crucible chambers and the nozzle slits was configured with respect to the spinning direction of
quenching wheel so as to cast the bilayer with Fe77.5Si7.5B15 and Co72.5Si12.5B15 alloys forming the top
and bottom layer respectively. Optimization of various processing parameter relevant to quantity of
ingots, melt ejection temperature, melt ejection gas pressure were carried out for the bilayer casting. X-
ray diffraction studies showed that both the layers of the quenched alloys were in amorphous state.
Distinct change in elemental profile across the bilayer was observed using Electron back scattered
diffraction (EBSD) technique. Differential Scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermal variation of
electrical resistivity studies manifested the phase transformation characteristics of individual
monolayers in the bilayered melt spun ribbons. The bilayered ribbons also revealed interesting soft
magnetic behavior.
M-O-006

Transport and magnetism in GaMnAs layers: The roles of the localized and the extended hole
states in the metallic and the hopping conduction channels

I.C. DA CUNHA LIMA1, E.J.R. DE OLIVEIRA1, E. DIAS DA SILVA1 and M.A. BOSELLI2
1
Institute of Physics, State University of Rio de Janeiro, BRAZIL
2
Department of Physics, Federal University of Ouro Preto, BRAZIL
ivandacunhalima@pq.cnpq.br

Since the very first GaMnAs samples [1], where ferromagnetism was observed with a transition
temperature of the order of 70 K (annealing improves this temperatures up to 170 K), the magnetic
order was associated to transport properties in a way that, as the Mn concentration increases in the
region of interest, a non-metal-to-metal transitions is followed by a metal-to-non-metal transition, the
maximum of the transition temperature occurring between them. At the same time a maximum of the
resistivity occurred at the transition temperature, for ferromagnetic samples.
We have recently calculated the average Green‘s function for holes in GaMnAs layers and with
them the density of states and the spectral density function [2]. Then, we were able to identify the
nature of the hole states for a given Mn concentration, as extended or localized, depending on the
energy, and, once obtained the Fermi level, the metallic or non-metallic character of the sample, as
well as the density of extended and localized holes.
In this work we used many-body techniques, to be specific the Lei and Ting‘s balance equations
formalism, to obtain the resistivity of the spin polarized hole gas, considering only the contribution of
the extended states for a given Mn concentration. The transport channel due to the localized states is
assumed to occur due to a hopping mechanism activated by temperature. By adding the contribution of
these two channels we obtained the total resistivity as a function of temperature. Our results show
clearly the appearance of Shubnikov-de-Haas oscillations for the extended states resistivity in thin
layers, double layers and digital layers of GaMnAs, at temperatures small compared to the transition
temperature in ferromagnetic samples. The peaks in the resistivity are smeared as the temperature
increases. In metallic samples the channel of extended states dominates at low temperature, but as the
temperature increases the spin polarization decreases, the density of localized states increases and the
hopping channel starts to dominate near the transition temperature. The resistivity reaches, then, its
maximum. Above the transition temperature no spin polarization exists, the holes states are localized,
and the transport occurs exclusively through the hopping channel. The resistivity, then, decreases with
temperature. These results, consistent with the behavior of bulk samples, are important for the
understanding of the coupled magnetic and transport properties of GaMnAs nanostructrures.

[1] F. Matsukura, H. Ohno, A. Shen, and Y. Sugawara, Phys. Rev. B 57, R2037 (1998).
[2] E. Dias Cabral, I. C. da Cunha Lima, M. A. Boselli, A. T. da Cunha Lima, Appl. Phys. Lett. 93,
112110 (2008).
M-O-008

Magnetic properties of FeCo thin films and L10 Fe/Pt multilayers of new generation for
ultrahigh-density recording

A.S. KAMZIN1, F. WEI2 and V.G. SEMENOV1


1
Ioffe Physicotechnical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 194021, RUSSIA
2
Research Institute of Magnetic Materials, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, CHINA
kamzin@mail.ioffe.ru

To increase the recording density on magnetic media, one has, on the one hand, to create magnetic
films as recording media with a high coercivity. On the other hand, in order to write information on the
high coercivity media, recording head materials with high saturation magnetization, high permeability and
low coercivity are required. In addition, the creation of the ultrahigh-density magnetic recording (UHDMR)
systems of next generation requires magnetic materials as writing media with the minimum possible
magnetic grain size, as well as miniaturization of the write/read magnetic heads. However, a decrease in the
grain size is accompanied by a superparamagnetic effect, which is a serious problem at the creation of
UHDMR media.
This report presents the results of studies of the Fe 1-xCox films for write/read magnetic heads an
UHDMR system, prepared by co-sputtering [1] on different under-layers. Also in this report are presenting
the results of investigations of methods ensuring the formation for UHDMR applicable of multilayer L 10-
[Fe/Pt]n films with controlled orientation of the easy axis and a high coercive field by means of the RF
magnetron co-sputtering method [1].
Our studies of FeCo and L10 FePt films have been focused on technological issues of high-density
recording heads and media, respectively, as well as on the fundamental magnetic properties, such as the
temperature dependence of the magnetic anisotropy constants, orientation of the easy axis and the exchange
stiffness constant.
The film composition was determined using inductively coupled plasma spectroscopy. The
magnetic properties were studied using a SQUID and vibrating-sample magnetometers. The microstructure
of the films was determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The magnetic structure of the films was studied
using Conversion Electron Mössbauer (CEM) Spectroscopy. The angle  between the light axis
orientation and the normal to the film plane determined using the relation of the 2-nd(5-th)/1-st(6-th) lines
in the Zeeman sextet: A2,5/A1,6=3(1- cos)/(4sin).
In result the FeCo nanostructured thin films with high Ms and low coercivity Hc were obtained by
utilizing suitable under-layer and optimizing the deposition conditions. It was found that the improvement
of soft magnetic properties for FeCo films with an under-layer is closely related to the film texture.
In the case of FePt L10-phase multilayer [Fe/Pt]xn thin films have been obtained. The total
thickness of multilayer [Fe/Pt]n was varied from 25 to 200 nm by changing the number n of deposited
bilayers. We have studied the dependence of the microstructure, the magnetic structure, and the easy axis
orientation in the [Fe/Pt]xn films on the substrate temperature as well as the pressure of Ar during, the
order and thicknesses of Fe and Pt layers; and the total film thickness.
These multilayers possess magnetocrystalline anisotropy (Ku) greater compared to the existing
magnetic recording media, large coercivity and saturation magnetization, high chemical stability and
corrosion resistance. The results of our studies demonstrated that prepared FeCo films and L10 [Fe/Pt]xn
multilayers meet the requirements to write/read heads and recording media, respectively, for the
perpendicular recording and can be use for future UHDMR systems.

[1] A. S. Kamzin, L. A. Grigor‘ev, A. B. Sherman, and I. S. Barash, Sverkhprovodimost: Fiz. Khim.


Tekh. 6, 64 (1993).
M-O-010

Photoreflectance study of the fundamental optical properties of (Ga,Mn)As epitaxial films

O. YASTRUBCHAK 1, H. KRZYŻANOWSKA1, J. SADOWSKI 2,3, J. ŻUK 1 and T. WOSIŃSKI 2


1
UMCS, Institute of Physics, Pl. Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej 1, 20-031 Lublin, POLAND
2
Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-668 Warszawa, POLAND
3
MAX-Lab, Lund University, 22100 Lund, SWEDEN
yastrub@hektor.umcs.lublin.pl

Ferromagnetic semiconductors (FMS), such as the thoroughly investigated (Ga,Mn)As, are


especially promising as the materials for spintronics since they interrelate both semiconducting and
magnetic properties. Extensive research activity aimed at clarifying structural features of thin
(Ga,Mn)As films grown at low temperature (LT, 230°C) on GaAs substrates caused significant
progress in the improving their magnetotransport properties. Nevertheless, the nature of the conducting
carriers mediating the ferromagnetic state in the (Ga,Mn)As material is not clear so far. The resolution
of this issue is needed for the in-depth understanding of carrier-mediated ferromagnetism in this
prototypical III-V feromagnet and also for assessment of its potential for spintronic device concepts.
In this work we have employed the complementary characterization techniques such as
photoreflectance spectroscopy, micro-Raman spectroscopy, high resolution X-ray diffractometry
(XRD) and superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) magnetometery to study the
fundamental properties of (Ga,Mn)As thin films with diverse Mn doping level (x = 0%, 1% and 6%)
such as Curie temperature (TC), hole density (p) and hole effective masses.
The low-doped Ga0.99Mn0.01As film with TC of 40 K is an isolator-like material because of low
holes density (0.9×1020cm−3). Contrary to this the Ga0.94Mn0.06As film with TC of 60 K exists in the
metallic side of the metal-isolator transition because of the high holes density (1.4×1020cm−3).
The structural quality of the LT-GaAs and Ga1-xMnxAs films was estimated from the XRD
results. The experimental data contained the clear X-ray interference fringes which prove a high-
structural perfection of the as-grown LT-GaAs and Ga1-xMnxAs films, existing under compressive
stress and fully strain to the GaAs substrate.
Our PR measurement yields the direct observation of the electronic transitions for the Ґ point
(E0) in (Ga,Mn)As. The slight UV shift of E0 transition energy position for Ga0.99Mn0.01As film
regarding E0 transition for LT-GaAs submits the idea that E0 transition in isolator-like (Ga,Mn)As
occurs from the Fermi level situated in the top of the valence band to the conduction band. A
significant red-shift of the fundamental band gap energy position with increasing of Mn doping in
Ga0.94Mn0.06As testifies that in high-doped (Ga,Mn)As the E0 transition occurs from the Fermi level
situated in the top of the valence band distorted by the Mn impurity to the conduction band. In high-
doped (Ga,Mn)As films the impurity band and the host band merge into one inseparable band whose
tail may still contain localized states, depending on the carrier concentration and disorder.

Dr Oksana Yastrubchak acknowledges financial support by the Polish Ministry of Science and
Higher Education (MSHE) under Grant POL-POSTDOC III, N PBZ/MNiSW/07/2006/33.
M-O-011

Physics of the Kondo-insulators: Neutron scattering study

P.A. ALEKSEEV1, J.-M. MIGNOT2, K.S. NEMKOVSKI1, V.N. LAZUKOV1 and I.P.SADIKOV1
1
RRC “Kurchatov Insitute”, 123182 Moscow, RUSSIAN FEDERATION
2
Laboratoire Leon Brillouin, CEA-CNRS, CEA/Saclay, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, FRANCE
paval@isssph.kiae.ru

The extended study of the magnetic and atomic excitations in valence unstable system based on
rare earth ions of Sm [1,2], Yb [3] and Eu [4], have been performed by the thermal neutron
spectroscopy method. The results obtained allow to get characteristics of the ground state for SmB6,
Sm(Y)S, YbB12, EuCu2Si2, to establish the features of the temperature driven transition from the
nonmagnetic ground to the spin fluctuative state at temperatures above 50…100K, which has been
studied in fine details for Kondo-insulator YbB12 for the first time. The interesting feature for the
systems like Sm(Y)S and YbB12 is the clear evidence of the cooperative character of the excitations for
the magnetic subsystem at low temperature, it appears as the dispersions in energy and in the q-space.
The physical models are analyzed suggested to be responsible for the properties of the systems. Special
attention is paid to the problem of the low energy excitation (in analogy with ―resonance mode‖ in
HTSC materials. The interplay of the number of basic interactions specific for such systems with f-
electrons (exchange, crystal field, etc. [1-5]) is discussed.

[1] P.A. Alekseev, V.N. Lazukov, J.-M. Mignot, I.P. Sadikov, PhysicaB 281&282 34-41 (2000).
[2] P.A. Alekseev, J.-M. Mignot, E. V. Nefeodova, K. S. Nemkovski, V. N. Lazukov, N. N. Tiden, A.
P. Menushenkov, R. V. Chernikov, K. V. Klementiev, A. Ochiai, A. V. Golubkov, R. I. Bewley, A. V.
Rybina, I. P. Sadikov, Phys. Rev. B 74 035114 (2006).
[3] K.S. Nemkovski, J.-M. Mignot, P.A. Alekseev, A.S. Ivanov, E.V. Nefeodova, A.V. Rybina, L.-P.
Regnault, F. Iga, T. Takabatake, Phys. Rev. Lett.99 137204 (2007).
[4] P.A. Alekseev, J.-M. Mignot, K.S. Nemkovski, E.V. Nefeodova, V.N. Lazukov, D.Yu.Karpunin,
R.I. Bewley, A.S.Gribanov, Physica B 403 864 (2008).
[5] J.-M. Mignot, P.A. Alekseev, K.S. Nemkovski, E.V. Nefeodova, A.V. Rybina, L.-P. Regnault,
N.Yu. Shitsevalova, F. Iga, T. Takabatake, Physica B: Condensed Matter, 383, Issue 1, 16 (2006).
M-O-016

Spin helixes in magnetic field

S.V.MALEYEV and S.V.GRIGORIEV

Peterburg NuclearPhysics Institute, Gatchina, Leningrad District.188300, RUSSIA


maleyevsv@mail.ru

The helix behavior in magnetic field is intensively studied experimentally in the multiferroics and cubic
helimagnets ( MnSi etc.). However up to now there is no complete understanding of the related phenomena.
Here we discuss them from theoretical point of view. Two types of helixes are considered: Dzyaloshinskii-
Moriya helixes in cubic helimagnets ( MnSi ) and exchange helixes such as in Dy and ZnCr2 Se4 . We
demonstrate that their behavior depends on the field direction relative the axis of the spin rotation N . If the field
is applied along this axis ( H || ) the transition to ferromagnetic state occurs at H||  H C . Below H C , the spin-
wave spectrum  q acquires addition gap:  q ( H|| )   q (0)  || ( ) where sin    H|| / H C . This gap is a
2 2 2

result of the spin-wave interaction. In the low field one has || ~ H|| / S .
2 2

The field applped in the rotation plane ( H  ) mixes spin-waves with momentums q and q  k where
k is the helix wave-vector which determines direction and period of the spin rotation. As a result at low field
we have  q ( H  )   q  H  / 2 [1]. Hence in the case of the gspless spin-waves the helical structure is
2 2 2

unstable in perpendicular field what is in clear contradiction with experiment. In the exchange helixes k
is fixed by minimum of the exchange energy and its rotation is possible in a very strong field. In this case H 
provokes the spin-wave gap || ( ) | H  | / 2 , but the spectrum remains gapless and the sample splits into
domains slightly magnetized along  N . Similar splitting occurs if | H  |  A 2 where  A is the gap caused
by the magnetic anisotropy.
In cubic magnets with the DM interaction we have k || N , magnetic anisotropy is very weak, k can
rotate almost freely and follows the field direction at weak field [3] . At the same time the spin-wave gap takes
place due the DM interaction [1,2]. As a result new parameter Z    H  / 2 appears and in narrow region
2 2

2  Z  0 the state with k || H may be unstable and the state with k  H can be realized. [1,3]. It is
named as A-phase and was observed in neutron experiments slightly below the transition temperature in
different compounds [3-6]. This high-T region of the A-phase realization was explained by thermal
fluctuations. It should be noted that she structure of the A-Phase depends strongly on the field direction: For
H || (111) we have k || (110) [3-5] but for H || (001) the six-fold peak pattern is realized with strongly
different peak intensities. It was claimed as new skyirmion phase [6]. In conclusion we note that the
quantum phase transition at high pressure observed in MnSi and FeGe may be explained by competition
between two contributions to  : positive, arising from to the spin-wave interaction and negative appearing due
2

to magneto-elastic interaction [2].

[1] S.V.Maleyev, Phys.Rev. B 73, p 174402 (2006).


[2] S.V.Maleyev, J.Phys.Condens.Matter, 21, p 146001(2009).
[3]S.V.Grigoriev et al. Phys.Rev. B 74. p 214414 (2006).
[4]S.V.Grigorievet al. Phys.Rev. B 76, p 092407, p 224424 (2007),
[5] S.V.Grigoriev et al. Phys.Rev. B 79, p 144417 (2009).
[6] S.Muelbauer et al. Science, p 323, 915 (2009).
M-O-019

Microstructure and magnetic properties of Nd-Fe-B alloys by Nb and Co additions

F.M. AHMED1 and I.R HARRIS2


1
Physics Department, Faculty of Science, University of Garyounis, P.O.Box 9480, Benghazi, LIBYA
2
School of Metallurgy and Materials, The University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K.
fathalla54@yahoo.com

The hydrogenation, disproportionation, desorption and recombination (HDDR) behavior of two


alloys: NdI3Fe8OB7 and Nd13Fe78Nb1Co1B7 (at.%) was characterized using a high resolution
scanning electron microscope (HRSEM).
The microstructure of the as-cast Nb-free alloy prior to employing the HDDR process was
found to consist of three phases, the matrix Nd2Fe14B () phase, Nd-rich phase and a significant
amount of free iron; whereas, the microstructure of the Nb-containing alloy consisted of only the first
two phases.
The grains after employing the HDDR process of both alloys appear finer and with more
rounded shapes and smaller in the niobium containing alloy.
The magnetic properties have been improved significantly and appear promising for bonded
magnets using the HDDR powder. The magnetic properties, especially the intrinsic coercivity,
improved significantly by using ~1% Nd in excess of the stoichiometric content.
M-O-020

Physical Properties of Nd1-xGdxNi4B compounds

BEKIR OZCELIK1, ONUR NANE1 and SELCUK KERVAN2


1
Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences and Letters, Cukurova University 01330, Adana,TURKEY
2
Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences and Letters, Nevşehir University, 50300, Nevşehir, TURKEY
ozcelik@cu.edu.tr

Physical properties of the Nd1-xGdxNi4B (0 ≤ x ≤ 1.0) compounds have been investigated by


means of the X-ray powder diffraction and DC magnetization techniques. All the compounds studied
crystallize in CeCo4B type structure with P6/mmm space group. The substitution of Gd for Nd leads to
a decrease of the unit-cell parameters a, c and the unit-cell volume V. The magnetic phase transition
temperatures are found as 12, 14, 18, 23, 27 and 33 K, for x= 0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0,
respectively.

This work was supported by the Research Fund of Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey, under
grant contracts no. FEF2009BAP16.
M-O-023

Magnetic properties and Gilbert damping constant study of Co2MnAl1-xSnx Heusler Alloy thin
films

A.N. KOCBAY, R. TOPKAYA, R. YILGIN, A.S. AHSEN, O. OZTURK and B. AKTAS

Gebze Institute of Technology, Science Faculty, Department of Physics, 41410 Gebze, Kocaeli, TURKEY
akocbay@gyte.edu.tr

The discovery of the giant magneto-resistance (GMR) and the large tunnel magnetoresistance
(TMR) effect at room temperature have attracted great attention to the spintronics studies. Heusler alloys
such as Co2MnAl and Co2MnSn alloys have large spin polarizations, and many scientists predict a large
potential for applications of these alloys in spin-electronics devices, especially for producing magnetic
random access memory (MRAM). Therefore intensive experiments have been carried out to determine the
magnetic properties of Heusler alloys in recent years [1]. Gilbert damping constant (G = αγ Ms, inhere α
and γ are, respectively, intrinsic damping parameter and gyro-magnetic ratio and Ms is saturation
magnetization) of ferromagnetic materials is extremely important for achieving high-speed magnetization
switching for MRAM and reduction of critical current density for spin-transfer-driven magnetic reversal
[2].
In this study, we investigated magnetic properties and magnetic damping constants of Co2MnAl1-
xSnx Heusler alloy films prepared using magnetron sputtering on a Si/SiO 2 substrate. Samples with various
thicknesses have been prepared and then annealed at various temperatures to control the structure.
Ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) technique was used to determine the magnetic properties such as g-value,
effective magnetization and magneto-crystalline anisotropy constants and intrinsic Gilbert damping
constants of the prepared films. Out-of-plane angular dependences of the resonance field (HR) and the
linewidth (Hpp) of the FMR spectra were measured and analyzed using the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert (LLG)
equation, considering the effect of magnetic inhomogeneities in the films. The magnetizations were
measured using a vibrating sample magenetometer (VSM).

Figure a) Angular dependence of peak-to-peak line width (DHPP) and resonant field (HR), big one of inset
figures, of 50 nm thick Co2MnAl0.5Sn0.5 annealed at 500 oC. Small inset figure shows the used coordinate
system. b) Annealing temperature dependence of 50 nm thick Co2MnAl0.5Sn0.5.

This work is supported by The Scientific and Technological Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) under
contract number TBAG-107T648.

[1] T. Ambrose, J. J. Krebs and G. A. Prinz, APL, 76, 3280 (2000).


[2] J.C. [ Slonczewski, J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 159, L1 (1996).
M-O-024

Mobile magnetic walls as particle manipulators

TOM H. JOHANSEN

Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Oslo 0316 NORWAY


t.h.johansen@fys.uio.no

Domain walls in magnetic films can via their localized stray field attract magnetic micro-
particles. Thus, films of low coercivity, which allows precise external control of the wall motion,
represent a playground for development of novel manipulation devices. We have found that ferrite
garnet films (FGFs) have a huge potential for manipulation of a range of particles, including
superparamagnetic micro-beads and vortices in superconductors. Our LPE-grown FGFs are optically
transparent, and have a large Faraday effect, which allows simultaneous magneto-optical observation
of the dynamics of the magnetic walls and the particles attracted to them. We report here results
demonstrating a number of novel micro-manipulation devices like magnetic tweezers, squeezers,
stirrers and ratchets including a digital shift register using polystyrene beads carrying biomolecular
cargo.
M-O-025

Synthesis and structural properties of Ce(OH)3 for useful applications

M. ANIS-UR-REHMAN and A. ABDULLAH

Applied Thermal Physics Laboratory, Department of Physics,


COMSATS Institute of Information Technology,
Islamabad, 44000 PAKISTAN
atpl@comsats.edu.pk

Rare Earth compounds are the subject of many recent experimental investigations because of
the nature and variety of their physical properties. Cerium oxide (CeO2) was the starting material for
the fabrication of nanostructures. Ce(OH)3 was synthesized and structural characterization was done.
Hydrothermal method was used to prepare the nano structures. The synthesized samples were
examined by x-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy
(SEM) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The phase of the material was confirmed by the
X-ray diffraction. Two solvents (nitric acid and sulfuric acid) were used to dissolve CeO2. The phase
and structural properties were studied as a function of the solvent. The sulfuric acid was found to be
better solvent to achieve the required phase of Ce(OH)3. Synthesized material has potential application
in bio labeling.
M-O-026

Magnetic and dielectric characterization of alginic acid-Fe3O4 nanocomposite

H. SOZERI1, Z. DURMUS2, B. UNAL3 , A. BAYKAL2 and M.S. TOPRAK4


1
TUBITAK-UME, National Metrology Institute, PO Box 54, 41470, Gebze-Kocaeli, TURKEY
2
Department of Chemistry, 3Department of Physics, Fatih University, B.Çekmece, 34500 Istanbul, TURKEY
4
Functional Materials Division, Royal Institute of Technology - KTH, SE16440 Stockholm, SWEDEN
huseyin.sozeri@ume.tubitak.gov.tr

We report on the synthesis of water dispersible alginic acid (AA) - Fe3O4 nanocomposites via a
co-precipitation route by using Fe(III) and Fe(II) chloride salts, and AA. Crystalline phase was
identified as magnetite, Fe3O4, and the crystallite size was obtained as 9±2 nm from X-ray line profile
fitting. As compared to the particle size of 9.2 nm obtained from TEM analysis these particles show
dominantly single crystalline nature. The capping of AA around Fe3O4 nanoparticles was confirmed by
FTIR spectroscopy, the interaction being via bridging oxygens of the carboxylate and the nanoparticle
surface. Dielectric analysis show that the real and imaginary parts of the permitivity of both pure AA
and AA- Fe3O4 nanocomposite obey the ionic polarization mechanism comprised of ionic conductivity
and interfacial or space charge polarization. At low frequencies of less than 1 Mhz, ionic conduction is
the most widespread mechanism and only introduces almost exponential losses into nanocomposite
network. Magnetization measurements show that saturation magnetization of AA-capped magnetite is
significantly lower than the theoretical bulk value partly due to the structural distortions on the surface
of the particles. Moreover, magnetite does not saturate and exhibits no coercivity above certain
temperature revealing superparamagnetic behaviour of the nanocomposite above the blocking
temperature, TB of ~175 K. The magnetic core size is determined by theoretical fitting to the
magnetization data at room temperature as 9.55 nm, very close to the size obtained from x-ray line
profile fitting and TEM analysis, confirming the dominantly single crystaline nature of nanoparticles in
the nanocomposite.
M-O-027

Exchange bias, memory and freezing effects in NiFe2O4 nanoparticles

K. NADEEM and H. KRENN

Institute of Physics, Karl-Franzens University Graz, Universitätsplatz 5, A-8010 Graz, AUSTRIA


kashif.nadeem@edu.uni-graz.at

Single-phase NiFe2O4 nanoparticles embedded in SiO2 matrix have been synthesized by sol-gel
method. Average particle size lies in the range 8 – 12nm. Magnetic measurements are taken by
SQUID-magnetometer with a maximum applied field of 7 Tesla and temperature down to 4.2 K. An
exchange bias effect in nanoparticles is due to the existence of strong core-shell interactions and it
vanishes as the particle size decreases (< 4nm) [1]. Spin disorder and frustration appear at the core-
shell interface due to broken bonds on the surface [2,3]. We have observed the exchange bias effect
down to 8 nm sample, when the sample is cooled in an applied field of 5 Tesla. In both AC and DC
fields, our system exhibit memory effects at the halted temperatures. Furthermore, a sharp increase of
coercivity at low temperatures (< 50 K) is observed which is attributed to increased surface anisotropy
at low temperatures [2,3]. For saturation magnetization versus temperature data, Bloch‘s T3/2 law
(M(T) = M(0).(1 – BTb)) is fitted well and yields: B = 6.10-05 and b = 1.45. All these measurements
signify the presence of core-shell interactions (exchange bias), memory effects and validation of
Bloch‘s T3/2 law in nickel ferrite nanoparticles.

[1] E. Winkler, R. D. Zysler, M. Vasquez Mansilla, D. Fiorani, D. Rinaldi, M. Vasilakaki and K. N.


Trohidou, Nanotechnology 19 (2008) 185702 (8pp).
[2] R. H. Kodama, A. E. Berkowitz, E. J McNiff and S. Foner, Phys. Rev. Lett. 77 (1996) 394.
[3] Ronald J. Tackett, Abdul W. Bhuiya and Cristian E. Botez, Nanotechnology 20 (2009) 445705
(7pp).
M-O-032

The influence of target rotating and substrate temperature on the properties of pulsed laser
deposited Bi substituted garnet thin films

S.M. HAMIDI1, M.M. TEHRANCHI1, 2, A. HASANPOUR3, M. MOZAFFARI4 and


J. AMIGHIAN4
1
Laser and Plasma Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Evin, Tehran, IRAN
2
Physics Department, Shahid Beheshti University, Evin, Tehran, IRAN
3
Depatrment of Physics, Payame nour University, Tehran, IRAN
4
Depatrment of Physics, Isfahan University, Isfahan, IRAN
m_hamidi@sbu.ac.ir

Bi substituted yttrium iron garnet (Bi:YIG) thin films have attracted much attention for various
magneto-optical applications such as magneto-optical isolators, optical switchers and magnetic-field
sensors[1]. These films require a thermal treatment either in the form of post annealing or substrate
heating with deposition procedure. In the last decade, Bi:YIG films had been prepared by radio-
frequency (rf) sputtering [2], Liquid phase epitaxy [3] and pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique [4].
Among these methods, PLD has great advantages in preparing multi-component oxide thin films. In
this respect, we studied the magnetic and structural characteristics of Bi:YIG films prepared by laser
deposition at different substrate temperature and target rotating frequency.
Nanometric magnetic garnet thin films have been deposited onto gadolinium gallium garnet
(Gd3Ga5O12) substrates using a third harmonic generation of Nd:YAG laser (355 nm, 6 ns pulse
duration, 10 Hz repetition rate and 180 mJ/pulse) which was focused on a target rotating at a frequency
of 3 Hz. All depositions were carried out in pure oxygen partial pressure of 60 mbar. Stoichiometric
target with the nominal composition of Bi0.75Y2.25Fe5O12 has been fabricated from Y2O3, Fe2O3 and
Bi2O3 powders by mechanical alloying method and finally solid state sintering at 850°C for 10h. The
resultant plasma cloud of material was condensed onto the substrate which was positioned directly in
front of the target at a distance of around 4 cm and its temperature varied from room temperature to
600 °C.
Film composition and thickness values were inferred from Rutherford backscattering
spectroscopy (RBS) spectra. The physical structure and surface of the layer was investigated using the
standard X-ray diffraction (XRD) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Also the magnetic properties
of thin films have been studied using the magneto-optical Faraday rotation measurement.
Our result showed that the film deposited at room temperature, after annealing at 700 °C
showed both X-ray peaks and the magnetic order. However, the deposited film with substrate
temperature (600°C), after annealing at 600 °C resulted in better-quality films with higher value of
magnetization and Faraday rotation. Also the films that prepared at lower rotating frequency showed
much roughness and the lower amount of Faraday rotation can be achieved in these thin films.

[1] S. Kahl, S. I. K., and A. M. Grishin, K. Kawano and G. Kong,R. A. Chakalov,J. S. Abell, J. Appl.
Phys 91, 9556 (2002).
[2] P. Johansson, S.I. Khartsev, A.M. Grishin, Thin Solid Films. 515, 477 (2006).
[3] P. Hansen, C.-P. Klages, K. Witter, J. Appl. Phys. 60, 721(1986).
[4] M. Laulajainen, P. Paturi, J. Raittila, H. Huhtinen, A. B. Abrahamsen, N. H. Andersen, R. Laiho,
JMMM, 279, 218(2004).
M-O-033

Effect of temperature on the polycrystalline hard barium hexaferrite in a single mode (H-field)
microwave processing

GEETANJALI, CHARU LATA DUBE, SUBHASH C. KASHYAP and R. K. KOTNALA

Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi-110016, INDIA


National Physical laboratory, New Delhi 110012, INDIA
skashyap62@yahoo.com

Microwave (MW) processing of materials has of late emerged as a powerful and potential
green technique for synthesis of new materials/phases with novel properties. Heating during MW
processing is volumetric, fast and occurs at lower temperature as compared to conventional heating. In
addition, MW processing of a sample modifies the structure and microstructure through
decrystallization [1], alloying [2], doping in semiconductors [3] and growth of nanostructures [4], and
can thus enable to tailor different materials to yield desired properties in a very short time.
The present paper describes our results on the phase transformation (crystalline to glassy phase)
of M- type hard barium hexaferrite (BaFe12O19) and converting it into soft ferrite by the application of
magnetic field at microwave frequency (2.45 GHz). Polycrystalline samples of the M-type hexaferrite,
synthesized by citrate precursor route, have been processed in a magnetic field in a single mode
microwave cavity for a short duration of only 10 min. The structural, micro-structural and magnetic
studies on the calcined samples have been compared with those on MW processed samples. The
powder X- ray diffractograms of the resistive sintered specimen confirm the single-phase formation of
barium hexaferrite with hexagonal structure, while that of magnetic field processed pellets reveal
different structures depending upon the temperature of MW processing.
The M-H loops of both, the resistive sintered and magnetic field processed, samples are shown
in figure 1. The observed drastic decrease in coercivity, and an increase in magnetization after the H-
field processing establish the change of hard ferrite to soft one. Higher the MW processing
temperature, lesser coercivity and more is the magnetization. These changes along with the
sructure/phase formation and microstucture will be discussed in detail in the research paper.
Interaction of MW with the starting material will also be discussed.

M W S in te r e d
Fig. 1. M-H loops of the resistively
a t H ig h e r T e m p sintered and MW processed barium
M (e m u /g )

60

40
hexaferrite pellets at different
temperatures.
20
R e s is tiv e S in te r e d
0
-9 0 0 -6 0 0 -3 0 0 0 300 600 900
-2 0 F ie ld (m T )
CMS
M W s in te r e d -4 0 C M M S -4 (9 0 0 C + 1 0 m in .)
a t lo w e r T e m p . C M M S -5 (1 0 0 0 C + 1 0 m in .)
-6 0

[1] R. Roy, P. Peelamedu, L. Hurt, J. Cheng, and D. Agarwal, Mater. Res. Innov. 6,128, (2002).
[2] C. L Dube; S. C Kashyap, D. C Dube; and D. K Agarwal, J. Alloys Com.,2009.08.122, in
[3] C. L. Dube, Subhash C. Kashyap, D. C. Dube, and D.K. Agarwal, IEEE Conf. Proc. of Intl. conf. on
Microwaves-08, pp. 126, December 2008.
[4] C. L. Dube, S. C. Kashyap, D. C. Dube, and D. KAgarwal, Appl. Phys. Lett.,.94, 213107-1 to3, (2009).
M-O-034

Growth of Fe3O4 nanowires and films by electrochemical deposition

MAMRAJ SINGH, SUJEET CHAUDHARY, SUBHASH C. KASHYAP and D.K. PANDYA

Thin Film Laboratory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, INDIA
sujeetc@physics.iitd.ernet.in

Magnetite (Fe3O4) is one of the iron oxides which have distinctive magnetic properties. This
oxide crystallizes in cubic inverse spinel form. The band structure calculations of the Fe3O4 suggest a
half-metallic nature with a gap in the density of states corresponding to majority carriers. Half metallic
materials are highly attractive for spintronics applications because of their high spin polarization.
Magnetite (Fe3O4) is superior to others owing to its high Curie temperature (TC) of 858 K with nearly
100% spin polarization at room temperature. The 100% spin ploarized character promises the
development of practical spintronic devices, e.g., MRAMs, TMR, Spin transistors, etc. Ideally, the 1D
structure of Fe3O4 are in very much demand in magnetoresistive based applications wherein the
magnetic domains, essentially single-crystalline grains or nano-crystals, are aligned in series.
In the present work, nanowires and thin films of Fe3O4 have been synthesised by
electrodeposition using the anodic alumina templates (AAT), polycarbonate track (PCT) etched
membrane and ITO coated glass substrates. An aqueous solution (containing 3g/l of
(NH4)2SO4·FeSO4·6H2O, 3g/l of KNO3, few drops per liter of HCl and N2H4·H2O, bath pH=5.56 [1])
is used to synthesize Fe3O4 nanowires inside the AAT-pores. A voltage of V = -0.85 V was applied to
the working electrode at 75 °C in the (a) AATs for 300 sec, and in the PCT for (b) 500 and (c) 400sec.
(The SEM microstructures of these samples, (a), (b) and (c) are shown in the Figure). The films are
electrodeposited at -1.16V on to ITO substrates at 65 °C for 300 sec using an alkaline aqueous solution
(pH=12.13) of Fe2(SO4)3 complexed with triethanolamine (TEA) [2]. The concentration of the
deposition bath was 0.09M Fe (III), 0.1M TEA, and 2M NaOH. The detailed DC and AC
magnetization and structural investigations on these Fe3O4 results will be presented in the conference.

[1] C. Terrier, M. Abid, C. Arm, S. Serrano-Guisan, L. Gravier, and J.-Ph. Ansermet, J. Appl. Phys.
98, 086102 (2005).
[2] H. M. Kothari, E. A. Kulp, S. J. Limmer, P. Poizot, E. W. Bohannan, and J. A. Switzera, J. Mater.
Res. 21, 293 (2006).
M-O-035

Preparation of magnetic field assisted CoFe2O4 nanoparticle by wet chemical route

Y. OZTURK1, S. KUCUKDERMENCI1, F. USLAN2 AND I. AVGIN1


1
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Ege University, Bornova 35100, Izmir, TURKEY
2
Department of Chemistry, Cakabey College, Cigli, 35621, , Izmir, TURKEY
yavuz.ozturk@ege.edu.tr

Cobalt ferrites at nanoscale are highly affected by preparation methods and thus they show
different magnetic properties that may open the way to be used in spintronics and high density
recording [1,2]. Aiming at this, CoFe2O4 nanoparticles capped with oleic acid have been prepared
with well known wet chemical route by using Cobalt and Iron chlorides and NaOH [2]. We want to see
the effect of the applied fields of 0-0.05 T range during the precipitation process. The shape and
agglomeration of nanoparticles are investigated using TEM and the magnetic properties are
characterized by the VSM.

[1] Y. Cedeno-Mettei, O. Perales-Perez, M. S. Tomar, F. Roman, P. M. Voyles, W. G. J. Stratton,


Appl. Phys., 103 (2008).
[2] V. L. Mukta,et all., J. Phys. Chem. B, 113, 9070–9076 (2009).
M-O-036

Observation of spin glass behavior in La0.85Sr0.15CoO3 single crystals

K. MANNA, D. SAMAL, S. ELIZABETH, H.L. BHAT and P.S. ANIL KUMAR

Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science, C V Raman Avenue, Bangalore 560012, INDIA
anil@physics.iisc.ernet.in

Phase separation in hole-doped cobaltites (La1-xSrxCoO3) has drawn renewed interest recently.
In particular, the magnetic behavior of La0.85Sr0.15CoO3 single crystals and polycrystals has been
subjected to a controversial debate for the last several years; while some groups show evidence for
phase separation, others show spin glass behavior. Here, we present a comprehensive investigation of
the structural, dc magnetization, ac susceptibility, and magneto-transport properties of La0.85Sr0.15CoO3
single crystals grown by float zone method. The structural analysis of XRD data by Rietveld
refinement reveals the single crystallographic phase. The dc magnetization study exhibits a kink in
field cooled magnetization, a peak in zero field cooled magnetization and slow magnetic relaxation
phenomena; all pointing towards the characteristics of spin glass behavior. The ac susceptibility results
exhibit a considerable amount (~4 K) of frequency dependent peak shift and time-dependent memory
effect below the freezing temperature. Further, the peak shift of the zero field cooling curves to lower
temperature at higher dc fields is well described by the well known de Almeida Thou less line, a
characteristic of spin glass behavior. In addition the characteristic time scale  0 calculated from the ac
susceptibility data at various frequencies is found to be of ~ 10 13 s and it matches well with typical
values observed for the canonical spin glass systems. Thus all our experimental results strongly
corroborate the existence of spin glass behavior in La0.85Sr0.15CoO3 single crystals.
M-O-037

Tetra-critical transition in Pyrochlore-FeF3

F. SHAHBAZI1 and G. GINGRAS2


1
Department of Physics , Isfahan University of Technology, 84156-83111,Isfahan, IRAN
2
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, CANADA
shahbazi@cc.iut.ac.ir

The Fe3+ ions in Pyrochlore-FeF3 reside on a lattice consists of the set of corner sharing
tetrahedrons. The anomalous critical exponent β=0.18(2), measured for this compound at its magnetic
critical transition from paramagnetic to all-in all-out phase, poses question on the universality class of
this transition. For this purpose, we investigate a nearest neighbor antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model
on the Pyrochlore lattice, under single ion easy-axes anisotropy. The mean-field theory predicts
second-order phase transition from disordered to all-in all-out state for any value of anisotropy for this
model. However, taking into account the Gaussian fluctuations by integrating out the quadratic terms,
reaches us to an effective Hamiltonian which show the change of order of transition by decreasing the
value anisotropic term. In the resulting effective Hamiltonian, the coefficients of the 6 th and 8th -order
terms are very small, when the order of transition changes from second order to first order. This
suggests the possibility of Tetra-critical behavior for this transition. At the Tetra-critical point the
value of the critical exponent β is 0.16, which is in excellent agreement with experimental
measurement.

[1] J. N. Reimers and A. J. Berlinsky, Phys. Rev. B 48, 9539 (1993).


[2] J. N. Reimers, A. J. Berlinsky and A. C. Shi, Phys. Rev. B 43, 865 (1991).
[3] J. N. Reimers, J. E. Greedan, and M.Bjorgvinsson, Phys. Rev. B 45, 7295 (1992).
[4] F. Shahbazi and S. Mortezapour , Phys. Rev. B 77, 214420 (2008).
M-O-038

Angle dependent exchange interaction in some dinuclear Cu2+ complex: Ferromagnetism versus
antiferromagnetism

FIKRET ISIK1, AHMET TUFAN AKAN1 and ALI BAYRI2


1
Trakya Üniversitesi, Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi Fizik Bölümü, Edirne, TURKEY
2
Adıyaman Üniversitesi, Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi Fizik Bölümü, Adıyaman TURKEY
isikfikret@yahoo.com

Magnetic interaction between two paramagnetic ions is still less understood phenomenon in
magnetization. This is due to some complexities in the interaction pathway. In order to get some
quantifiable understanding, we have taken some reported dinuclear Cu2+ complexes and tried to
formalize the Exchange interaction with some parameter. We found that whereas this interaction can
be related to the bridging angle in some complex, but it is quite impossible to relate it in some others.
M-O-040

Quantum phase transition in a ferromagnetic Ising chain in transverse field

R. COLDEA1, D.A. TENNANT 2, E.M. WHEELER1, E. WAWRZYNSKA3,


D. PRABHAKARAN1, M. TELLING4, K. HABICHT2, P. SMEIBIDL2 and K. KIEFER2
1
Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford Physics Department, Parks Road, Oxford,OX1 3PU,
UNITED KINGDOM
2
Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Lise Meitner Campus, Glienicker Str. 100, D-14109 Berlin,
GERMANY
3
H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TL, UNITED KINGDOM
4
ISIS, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, OX11 0QX, UNITED KINGDOM
r.coldea@physics.ox.ac.uk

Quantum phase transitions take place between distinct phases of matter at zero temperature.
One of the most theoretically studied paradigms is the one-dimensional Ising chain in transverse field
proposed to have a continuous transition bertween magnetic order and paramagnet at a critical field Bc
(Fig 1a). We have recently realized this quantum phase transition experimentally in the quasi-one-
dimensional Ising magnet CoNb2O6 [1]. Here we report single-crystal inelastic neutron scattering
measurements of the magnetic excitations in applied field. Below the critical field Bc~5.5T where the
magnetic order is supressed, a broad scattering continuum bounded by sinusoidally-dispersing
boundaries is observed near the ferromagnetic zone centre (Fig 1b), due to neutron scattering by pairs
of domain-wall quasiparticles that propagte independently on the ferromagnetically-ordered chains. In
contrast, in the paramagnetic phase above Bc the spectrum is dominated by a single sharp mode, due to
a spin-flip quasiparticle. The data will be compared with current theories of spin dynamics near
quantum criticality in quasi-one-dimensional Ising chains in transverse field.

[1] R. Coldea, D.A. Tennant, E.M. Wheeler, E. Wawrzynska, D. Prabhakaran, M. Telling, K. Habicht,
P. Smeibidl, and K. Kiefer, Science (in press 2009).

Figure a) Schematic phase diagram of an Ising magnet in transverse field showing the critical point
separating magnetic order and paramagnetic phases. Magnetic excitations in the Ising magnet
CoNb2O6 as observed by neutron scattering: b) below and c) above Bc, demonstrating a fundamental
change in the nature of the elementary spin excitations between the two phases.
M-O-041

Temperature evaluation of incommensurate magnetic structure in quantum spin-chain


compound LiCu2O2 as monitored by NMR

A.A. GIPPIUS1,2, N. BUETTGEN1, W. KRAETSCHMER1, A.M. VASILIEV3, L.E. SVISTOV3,


L.A. PROZOROVA3, A.S. MOSKVIN4 and A.A. BUSH5
1
Center for Electronic Correlations and Magnetism EKM, Experimentalphysik V, Universit¨at Augsburg,
D–86135 Augsburg, GERMANY
2
Faculty of Physics, M.V.Lomonosov Moscow State University, 19991 Moscow, RUSSIA
3
P.L.Kapitza Institute for Physical Problems RAS, 119334 Moscow, RUSSIA
4
Ural State University, 620083 Ekaterinburg, RUSSIA
5
Moscow Institute of Radiotechnics, Electronics and Automation, 117464, Moscow, RUSSIA
gippius@phys.msu.ru

The cuprate LiCu2O2 is an example of a frustrated quasi-one-dimensional quantum


antiferromagnet with incommensurate magnetic structure resulting from competition between
intrachain nearest neighbor ferromagnetic and next-nearest neighbor antiferromagnetic exchange
interactions [1-3]. The H-T diagram of such magnets is determined to a great extent by thermal and
quantum fluctuations which are particularly enhanced in the vicinity of the transition temperature.
Here we report on new results of experimental investigations of dielectric properties and 7Li
NMR studies of LiCu2O2 single crystals without twinning in the temperature range of the transition
into the magnetically ordered state. The transition into the incommensurate low temperature helical
phase occurs in two successive stages at temperatures Tc1 = 24.7 K and Tc2 = 22.8 K. The 7Li NMR
line shape evolution was studied in detail in the temperature range 22 K – 25 K in an external field
around 7.7 T applied along the main crystallographic axes. The observed 7Li NMR spectra as well as
the dielectric properties in the intermediate temperature range differ considerably from those obtained
in the low temperature phase (T < Tc2). This yields a clear signature of the different character of the
incommensurate magnetic structures of Cu2+ spins in the intermediate and low temperature phases.
The magnetic spin structure consistent with the NMR spectra obtained in the intermediate
temperature range is suggested. The temperature evaluation of the magnetic and dielectric properties of
LiCu2O2 is discussed in the frame of this structure.

[1] A. A. Gippius, E. N. Morozova, A. S. Moskvin, A. V. Zalessky, A. A. Bush, M. Baenitz, H.


Rosner, and S.-L. Drechsler, Phys.Rev. B 70, 020406R (2004).
[2] L. Capogna, M. Mayr, P. Horsch, M. Raichle, R. K. Kremer, M. Sofin, A. Maljuk, M. Jansen, and
B. Keimer, Phys. Rev. B 71, 140402R (2005).
[3] S. Park, Y. J. Choi, C. L. Zhang, and S.-.W. Cheong, Phys. Rev.Lett. 98, 057601 (2007).
M-O-043

Magnetic Properties of Ru-rich Ru2-xFexCrZ (Z= Si, Ge)

M. HIROI, S. NAKASHIMA, K. NAKAO, T. ROKKAKU, M. ITO and I. SHIGETA

Department of Physics and Astronomy,


Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-0065,JAPAN
hiroi@sci.kagoshima-u.ac.jp

From first-principles band structure calculations Heusler compounds Ru2-xFexCrSi were


predicted to be complete or nearly complete half-metals which are robust to chemical disorder [1], and
these properties are desirable for application in so-called spintronics. The properties of Ru2-xFexCrSi
were experimentally studied, and the Fe-rich compounds were found to exhibit ferromagnetism. The
saturation magnetization is close to the value which was predicted theoretically when it is a half-metal.
In the Ru-rich compounds antiferromagnetic properties appear. In Ru1.9Fe0.1CrSi a peak in
magnetic susceptibility around 30 K was found, and at lower temperatures the difference in
susceptibility between zero-field cooling process (ZFC) and field cooling process (FC) was seen.
Moreover, at further lower temperatures the difference between ZFC and FC rapidly increases, which
is regarded as the enhancement of irreversibility. Nevertheless, in specific heat any peak or anomaly
was not found at investigated temperatures [2]. This indicates that a long range antiferromagnetic order
is not formed in this compound, and a spin glass state is realized. On the other hand, it was reported
that in Ru2CrGe an antiferromagnetic transition occurs at 13 K [3].
To elucidate the nature of Ru-rich Ru2-xFexCrZ we have studied magnetic, electrical and
thermodynamic properties of Ru2-xFexCrZ (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.1, Z = Si, Ge).
The magnetic properties of Ru2-xFexCrZ (0.05 ≤ x ≤ 0.1, Z = Si, Ge) are found to be quite
similar to those of Ru1.9Fe0.1CrSi which shows spin glass behavior. In the specific heat in
Ru1.9Fe0.1CrGe also no anomaly was observed. These results suggest that in Ru-rich Ru2-xFexCrZ (0.05
≤ x ≤ 0.1, Z = Si, Ge) intrinsically the same spin-glass state as that in Ru1.9Fe0.1CrSi is realized. While
for Ru2CrGe a peak in magnetic susceptibility and a peak in specific heat at 13 K are observed, which
show the antiferromagnetic transitions as was reported.
These results indicate remarkable resemblance in the spin glass behaviors of Ru-rich
Ru2-xFexCrZ (0.05 ≤ x ≤ 0.1, Z = Si, Ge). Nonetheless, it was revealed that slight substitution of Fe for
Ru in Ru2CrGe causes the destruction of the antiferromagnetic order, and leads to the spin glass state.

[1] S. Mizutani, S. Ishida, S. Fujii, and S. Asano, Mater. Trans. 47, 25 (2006).
[2] M. Hiroi, et al., Phys. Rev. B 79 224423 (2009).
[3] H. Okada, K. Koyama, K. Watanabe, Y. Kusakari, T. Kanomata, and H. Nishihara, Appl. Phys.
Lett. 92, 062502 (2008).
M-O-044

Microstructure and coercivity variation in Ball Milled 2-17 type Sm(CobalFe0.1Cu0.1Zr0.033)6.93


high temperature magnetic alloy

M. FAISAL and C. JIANG


U U

Department of Material science and Engineering,Beihang, Beijing100083 CHINA


faisalrathore@yahoo.com

The research for novel soft and hard magnetic materials for high temperature advanced power
applications is still an active area of research. In the development of high temperature magnets the
activities concentrate on the improvement of existing hard magnetic materials, such as the precipitation
hardened Sm (Co, Fe, Cu, Zr) magnets, and on the search for new compounds with sufficient high
values of magnetization and coercive field at elevated temperatures. The microstructure and magnetic
properties in high temperature magnetic alloy have been studied systematically against various milling
times in high energy ball milling. The average particle size varies from 1µm to 50µm after ball milling
while keeping constant weight of ball to powder ratio. The Samarium loss increases in the form of its
oxide (Sm2O3) and results an additional phase in microstructure. Due to this additional phase at grain
boundaries and triple points along with Sm loss results in formation of a kink in second quadrant of
demagnetizing curve. This kink shifts from second quadrant of demagnetizing curve to first quadrant
with the increase of amount of Sm loss and additional phase in microstructure. The thermomagnetic
analysis, X-ray diffraction, microstructure and chemical composition analysis have identified the
additional phase probably be the 5:19R (Sm,Zr)(CoFeCu) phase. The best shape of demagnetizing
curve has been obtained after 60 min of ball milling time with 0.97T high temperature temperature
coercivity at 500oC, Mr 0.62T, (BH)max 60 KJm-3.

8000

7000

6000

5000 3
M (G)

4000
4 1. 15 min
1
3000 2. 30 min
5 3. 60 min
2 4. 90 min
2000 6
5. 120 min
6. 150 min
1000 7 7. 180 min

0
-20000 -15000 -10000 -5000 0 5000 10000
H (Oe)

[1] O. Gutfleisch, K.H. Muller, K. Khlopkov, M. Wolf, A. Yan, R. Scha¨fer, T. Gemming, L. Schultz,
Acta Materialia 54 997–1008 (2006).
[2] G. C. Hadjipanayis, Wei Tang, Y. Zhang, S. T. Chui, J. F. Liu, C. Chen, and H. Kronmüller, IEEE
Transactions of Magnetics, 36, 3382-3387 (2000).
[3] F.Gencer, I. R. Harris, Journal of Materials Science, 26, 6625-6630 (199l).
[4] Y.Zhang, Q. Zeng, G. C. Hadjipanayis, Journal of Applied Physics 97, 1 0H107 (2005).
[5] S.A. Romero, M.F. de Campos, H.R. Rechenberg, F.P. Missell, Journal of Magnetism and
Magnetic Materials, 320, e73-e78 (2008).
M-O-045

A high-resolution FEG-SEM investigation of anisotropic hydrogen decrepitation and corrosion


in Nd-Fe-B-based sintered magnets

M. SODERZNIK MARKO 1, P.J. MCGUINESS 1, K. ZUZEK-ROZMAN 1, G. YAN 2 and S. KOBE 1


U U

1.
Department for Nanostructured Materials, Jozef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, SLOVENIA
2.
Department of Physics, Wuhan University, Wuhan, CHINA
paul.mcguiness@ijs.si

Hydrogen decrepitation (HD), a process by which the absorption of large amounts of hydrogen
results in hard and brittle alloys disintegrating into powder, has been widely applied in the production
of Nd-Fe-B-type sintered magnets. The introduction of the HD process has led to considerable cost
savings in the industry as well as improved magnetic properties. However, one disadvantage of the HD
process is that Nd-Fe-B-type sintered magnets cannot be used anywhere that even modest amounts of
hydrogen might be present in the atmosphere. The result of exposing such magnets to hydrogen is that
they sooner or later simply fall apart. One interesting feature of this HD process, as it is applied to
anisotropic, i.e., textured, permanent magnets, is that the hydrogen decrepitation also takes place in an
anisotropic fashion, with the process invariably beginning at one of the poles of the magnet. This
anisotropic HD effect was reported and confirmed with some innovative experiments involving
partially coated magnets and electrolytic charging of aligned sintered samples; however, no direct
observation of anisotropic HD at the level of the microstructure has been reported. In this study we
have applied high-resolution field-emission-gun scanning electron microscopy to be able to look at the
progress of this hydrogen decrepitation with nanoscale resolution.
Aligned, sintered magnets based on (Nd,Dy)14(Fe,Co)79B7 were prepared by a conventional
powder-metallurgy processing route. The samples were then placed in a transparent tube in a flow of
hydrogen gas, approximately 10 ml per minute, and observed for signs of cracking. Polished samples
were then observed at high resolution using a FEG-SEM, with the focus being on the decrepitating
front, some 50-100 microns or so deep. The images from the SEM revealed that at the interface
between the already-decrepitated and the decrepitating areas is a front exhibiting intergranular
cracking as well as many transgranular cracks that extend almost parallel with the direction of particle
alignment, i.e., perpendicular to the front. Beyond this 20-30-micron-thick front is an extended region
that exhibits almost exclusively intergranular cracks.
The observed anisotropic decrepitation is
consistent with our microstructural observations of a
partially decrepitated, aligned sintered magnet. It is
clear that the hydrogen diffusion through the sample
is dominated by the very active Nd-rich intergranular
regions. However, close to the decrepitating front
where the concentration of hydrogen is high, the
Nd2Fe14B-type grains absorb enough hydrogen to
induce transgranular cracking, and these cracks tend
to be parallel to the c-axis of the crystal, so leading to
a rapidly advancing front in this direction, i.e.,
perpendicular to the poles of the magnet.
Parallel transgranular cracking during
anisotropic hydrogen decrepitation
M-O-046

Evolution of ferromagnetic domains over a distribution of uncompensated antiferromagnetic


spins

H.J. HUG1,2, I. SCHMID1,3, P. KAPPENBERGER1,4, M.A.MARIONI1, S. ROMER1,


M. PARLINSKA-WOJTAN1, O. HELLWIG4, M.A. CAREY4 and E.E. FULLERTON5
1
Empa, Swiss Federal Institute for Materials Testing and Research, CH-8600 Dübendorf, SWITZERLAND
2
Department of Physics, Univeristy of Basel, CH-4056 Basel, SWITZERLAND
3
Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villingen, SWITZERLAND
4
INFICON Ltd., LI-9496 Balzers, PRINCIPALITY OF LIECHTENSTEIN
5
Hitachi Global Storage Technologies, San Jose, CA-95135, USA
6
University of California - San Diego, La Jolla, CA-92093, USA
hans-josef.hug@empa.ch

The hallmark of exchange bias (EB) is a shift of the magnetic hysteresis curve along the magnetic field
axis by the exchange field, Hex. This shift has been variously attributed to pinned uncompensated spins (UCS) in
the antiferromagnetic (AF) film of the exchange-biased structure. Discussion about the true role of UCS still
exists [1] because there are disparate experimental results correlating UCS with EB. For instance, consider the
parallel coupling between ferromagnetic (F) and AF spins reported e.g. by Ohldag et al. [2] in contrast to the
anti-parallel coupling found by Kappenberger et al. [3] or Eimüller et al. [4], as well as the absence of UCS for
systems with good EB [5]. Here we present results from quantitative magnetic force microscopy (MFM)
measurements of Co/Pt multilayers on CoO with a magnetic lateral resolution better than 20nm. Saturation of
the ferromagnetic Co/Pt multilayer allows us to obtain the contrast due to the UCS. Because the MFM tip has
been calibrated, the frequency shift data measured can be used to calculate the surface magnetization. In
particular, we can determine the local UCS density from the measurements at saturated F. Following the
evolution of the F-domains over the UCS landscape as various fields are applied, we can see that underneath the
retreating F-domains the average UCS is oriented antiparallel to the domain‘s magnetization and the average
UCSD is linear with the applied field. This is a direct evidence of exchange-bias being proportional to the
density of UCS aligned antiparallel to the F-magnetization. We obtain comparatively high values of the average
UCS density, and evidence high granularity in it. Frustration in the coupling to the ferromagnet appears to be
the root of the (long unaccounted-for) two-order of magnitude difference between atomic-scale exchange
coupling and macroscopic experimental values. Because the stabilization by EB of a given F-domain is the
result of UCS under its whole surface, a local expansion of a domain that is shrinking with the applied field
could occur, and is observed here.

Figure. The evolution of the F-domain in magnetic field compared with the local areal density of pinned
uncompensated spins. The white (up) domains are predominately over black (down) UCS.
[1]
I. Schmid, et al., Europhys. Lett. 81 17001 (2008).
[2]
H. Ohldag, et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 017203 (2003).
[3]
P. Kappenberger, et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 267202 (2003).
[4]
T. Eimüller, et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 85, 2310–2312 (2004).
[5]
M. Tsunoda, et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 89, 172501 (2006).
M-O-047

Imaging and manipulation of magnetic domain walls in cobalt nanowires and nanoconstrictions
grown by focused-electron-beam-induced deposition

J.M. DE TERESA1, A. FERNÁNDEZ-PACHECO1,2, L. SERRANO1, R. CORDOBA2,


M.R. IBARRA1,2, M. JAAFAR3, O. IGLESIAS3, A. ASENJO3, K.W. CHOU4 and T. TYLISZCZAK4
1
Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragón, Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, Zaragoza, 50009, SPAIN
2
Instituto de Nanociencia de Aragόn, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, 50009, SPAIN
3
Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, CSIC, Madrid, 28049, SPAIN
4
Advanced Light Source, LBLN, 94720 Berkeley, California, USA
deteresa@unizar.es

Focused-electron-beam-induced-deposition (FEBID) using gas precursors containing magnetic


elements allows the direct writing of magnetic nanostructures [1]. It has been recently demonstrated that
the use of Co-based precursors allows the growth of highly-functional magnetic nanostructures by FEBID,
with Co content up to 95 at.% [2]. In particular, the coercive field has been determined in nanowires with
width down to 150 nm [3] and it has been shown that the domain-wall propagation field is lower than the
domain-wall nucleation field in L-shaped nanowires, with potential applications in magnetic logic, sensing
and storage [4]. In this contribution, we present some experiments aiming at the imaging and manipulation
of magnetic domain walls in cobalt nanowires and nanoconstrictions grown by focused-electron-beam-
induced deposition using Co2(CO)8 as precursor gas. We have grown several types of cobalt nanowires and
nanoconstrictions, with control in width down to 150 nm and varying thickness down to 10 nm: 1) linear
nanowires with high aspect ratio; 2) L-shaped nanowires; 3) linear nanowires with notches of varying
depth; 4) Nanoconstrictions formed at the touching point of a square and a linear wire with different
opening angles. The imaging of the magnetic contrast in the nanowires and nanoconstrictions has been
performed either with a Variable-Field Magnetic Force Microscope (by Nanotec) and/or a Variable-Field
Scanning-Transmission-X-Ray Microscope (at Advanced Light Source). By using these advanced
techniques, it has been possible to determine the type of magnetization state (multidomain or monodomain)
and follow the full magnetization reversal process. Here, we will describe the results regarding the coercive
field as a function of width and thickness and the pinning of domain walls at notches and
nanoconstrictions, which will be correlated with magnetotransport experiments.
H=+85 Oe H=+101 Oe H=+111 Oe
a)

H=-150 Oe H=+20 Oe H=+52 Oe


b)
Figure 1. a) MFM images of the inversion process of a 400 nm-wide 100 nm-thick nanowire; b)
STXM images of the inversion process of a 20-nm thick nanoconstriction between a 4 m-wide
square and a 1 m-wide wire.

[1] M. Gabureac, L. Bernau, I. Utke, J.M. De Teresa, A. Fernández-Pacheco, in ―Nanofabrication using focused
ion and electron beams: principles and applications‖, Editors P.E. Russell, I. Utke, and S. Moshkalev, Oxford
University Press 2010.
[2] A. Fernández-Pacheco, J. M. De Teresa et al, J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 42, 055005 (2009).
[3] A. Fernández-Pacheco, J. M. De Teresa et al, Nanotechnology 20, 475704 (2009).
[4] A. Fernández-Pacheco, J. M. De Teresa et al, Appl. Phys. Lett. 94, 192509 (2009).
M-O-048

Collective dipole excitations in sodium clusters

A.A. RADUTA1,2, R. BUDACA2 and AL. H. RADUTA2


1
Department of Theoretical Physics, Bucharest University, POB MG11, ROMANIA
2
Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest, POB MG6, ROMANIA
raduta@nipne.ro

The field of metallic clusters became a very attractive field since 1984 when Knight et al. [1]
pointed out a shell structure for the spherical clusters. Clemenger proposed a theoretical approach for
deformed clusters [2]. Using a projected spherical single particle basis [3] our group provided a
formalism which is able to treat the spherical and deformed clusters in an unified fashion. Here, some
properties of small and medium sodium clusters are described within the RPA approach using a
projected spherical single particle basis [4]. The oscillator strengths calculated with a Schiff-like dipole
transition operator and folded with Lorentzian functions are used to calculate the photoabsorbtion
cross section spectra. The results are further employed to establish the dependence of the plasmon
frequency on the number of cluster components. Static electric polarizabilities of the clusters excited in
a RPA dipole state are also calculated. Comparison of our results with the corresponding experimental
data show an overall good agreement. The energy-weighted sum rule for an electric dipole transition
operator of a Schiff type differs from the Thomas-Reiche-Kuhn sum rule by several corrective terms
which depend on the number of system components, N. One proves that the RPA results for Na
clusters obey the modified TRK sum rule [5].

[1] W. D. Knight et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 52, 2141 (1984).


[2] K. Clemenger, Phys. Rev. B 32, 1359 (1985).
[3] A. A. Raduta, Ad. R. Raduta, Al. H. Raduta, Phys. Rev. B59, 8209 (1999).
[4] A. A. Raduta, R. Budaca and Al. H. Raduta, Phys. Rev. A79, 023202 (2009).
[5] A. A. Raduta and R. Budaca, to be published.
M-O-049

Magnetic phase transitions in cobalt chromite nanoparticles

C. RATH1, L. KUMAR1 and T. SHRIPATHI2


1
School of Materials Science & Technology, Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221 005 INDIA
2
UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, Khandwa Road, Indore 452017 INDIA
chandanarath@yahoo.com

Cobalt Chromite (CoCr2O4), insulating normal spinel compound is a potential multiferroic


material. Both single crystals and polycrystalline samples develop long-range ferrimagnetic order
below Tc=94K and a sharp phase transition at Ts ~26K attributed to the onset of long-range spiral
magnetic order [1-3]. In order to study temperature dependent magnetic phase transitions in
nanoparticles, we prepared pure phase of cobalt chromite nanocrystals through conventional
coprecipitation technique at pH 8.9 from equimolar solutions of cobalt and chromium nitrates. We
used x-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy for microstructural characterization, x-ray
photoelectron spectroscopy for identification of oxidation state of cobalt and chromium, magnetic
properties by measuring temperature and field dependent magnetization and specific heat using
superconducting quantum interface device magnetometer, and Physical Properties Measurement
System. The low temperature magnetic behaviour of CoCr2O4 nanoparticles are investigated in detail.
Tc and Ts observed from magnetization and specific heat versus temperature measurements matches
well with the reported bulk value. However, we observed a transition from paramagnetic to
superparmagnetic phase instead of transition from paramagnetic to long range ferrimagnetic order at T
c. Lowering the temperature further, superparamagnetic phase transform to long range ferrimagnetic
order at ~50-60K. This new phase in between paramagnetic and long range ferrimagnetic order has not
been observed in nanoparticles synthesized by sonochemical method reported recently by Dutta et al
[4]. Coercivities of ~1.1 kOe and ~4.5 kOe at 50K and 10K respectively suggest that magnetisation
readily respond to magnetic field at 50K rather than at 10K. The later case is attributed to the
combination of spiral and ferrimagnetic ordering.

[1] Y. Yamasaki, S. Miyasaka, Y. Kaneko, J-P. He, T.Arima and Y.Tokura , Physical Review Letters
96, 207204 (2006).
[2] G.Lawes, B.Melot, K.Page, C.Ederer, M.A.Hayward, Th. Proffen and R.Seshadri Physical Review
B 74, 024413 (2006).
[3] Y.J. Choi, J. Okamoto, D.J. Huang, K.S. Chao, H.J. Lin, C.T. Chen, M. van Veenendaal, T.A.
Kaplan, and S.W. Cheong, Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 067601 (2009).
[4] D.P. Dutta, J. Manjanna and A.K. Tyagi, J. Applied Physics 106, 043915 (2009).
M-O-050

Electrodeposited Fe-Pd-based magnetic nanostructures with reduced dimensionality

K. ŢUŢEK ROŢMAN, D. PEŢKO, L. SUHODOLŢAN, P.J. MCGUINESS and S. KOBE

Department for Nanostructured Materials, Jozef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, SLOVENIA


tina.zuzek@ijs.si

Since the ordering temperature of L10 Fe-Pd (650 ºC) is much lower than that of Fe-Pt (1300
ºC), Fe-Pd might be a suitable material for nanostructured magneto-recording media. In this study,
near-equiatomic Fe-Pd films and nanotubes were prepared by electrodeposition and the effect of the
post-annealing temperature on the final magnetic properties was investigated.

Figure 1. Fe50Pd50 thin film Figure 2. Hysteresis loops of the as- Figure 3. Fe50Pd50 nanotubes
deposited Fe-Pd thin film (a) and
subsequently annealed at 400 ºC (b), 500
ºC (c) and 600 ºC (d)

Fe50Pd50 thin films (Figure 1) were prepared potentiostatically on SiO2/Au based substrates.
Afterwards, they were annealed from 400 ºC to 600 ºC in forming gas (Ar+7% H2) for 1h in order to
transform the fcc structure, characteristic for the as-deposited state, into the fct-L10 structure with high
magnetocrystalline anisotropy. The hysteresis-loop measurements, carried out on the as-deposited Fe-
Pd thin films for four stages of the thermal treatment (Figure 2), show that the easy axis of the
magnetization lies in the in-plane direction. Annealing at 400 ºC generates domains of L10 phase with
randomly orientated c-axes. This leads to a coercivity increase in the in-plane direction because the x
and y tetragonal variants give rise to magnetic inhomogeneities that represent traps for the
magnetization reversal [1]. Due to the pronounced development of the z tetragonal variants the
coercivity measured out-of-plane increases to a value of HC=870 Oe, which exceeds the coercivity
values, previously reported for electrodeposited equiatomic Fe-Pd films [2]. After annealing at 500 ºC
and above the coercivity decreases due to the grain growth and the onset of the interdiffusion reaction,
which produces soft magnetic phases based on Fe-Si.
Fe50Pd50 nanotubes (Figure 3) with an aspect ratio of ~10 were prepared via template-assisted
electrodeposition into high-aspect-ratio polycarbonate membranes. The mechanism of direct tube
formation was attributed to the appropriate relative rates of the deposition and the diffusion of the Fe2+
and Pd2+ ions into partially Au-covered pores. The highest coercivity HC=500 Oe was obtained after a
thermal treatment at 500º C for 1h in forming gas.

[1] Ch. Issro et al., Temperature-driven changes of order and magnetism in FePd thin films and thin foil, Sript.
Mater., 53, 447 (2005).
[2] S. C. Hernandes et al., Electrodeposition of iron-palladium thin films, Electrochim. Acta, 53, 5621 (2008).
M-O-051

Wet chemical synthesis and characterization of agarose polysaccharide coated Fe nanoparticles

M. ALAGIRI, C. MUTHAMIZHCHELVAN and S. PONNUSAMY

Center for Material science and Nano devices, Department of Physics, SRM University, Kattankulatthur,
Chennai-603203, Kancheepuram (Dt), TamilNadu, INDIA
selvancm@gmail.com

As compared to bulk materials, nanoscale materials (1-100 nm) exhibit large surface areas and
size-dependent quantum confinement effects. They often have distinct electronic, optical, magnetic,
chemical and thermal properties [1]. Nanosized particles of ferromagnetic metals such as Fe, Co and
Ni are the object of growing interest because of a range of interesting physical properties and potential
applications such as catalysis, high density magnetic recording media, ferrofluids, and medical
diagnostics [2]. Among these ferromagnetic metal, Fe nanoparticles have attracted much attention due
to their excellent magnetic properties (the saturation magnetization of Fe nanoparticles is twice that of
magnetite, which is a very popular magnetic material) and have found a wide range of applications
such as magnetic recording media, biomedical application and catalysis [3].
We produced, for the first time, monodisperse Fe nanoparticles through an easy and reliable
wet chemical method in the presence of agarose polysaccharide. The crystal structure, micrograph and
magnetic properties of the resulting products were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD),
Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID)
magnetometer. X-ray diffraction studies indicated that the as-obtained products were iron with a body-
centered cubic structure. TEM images showed that the Fe nanoparticles have spherical shape with
uniform size distribution around 4 nm. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic studies revealed the
agarose polysaccharide layer on the Fe nanoparticles surface. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy result
suggests that the sample is coated with polysaccharides and thin FeO layer, which protect
nanoparticles from further oxidation. The magnetic properties of the Fe nanoparticles were studied by
recording both the temperature-dependent magnetization (M-T) and hysteresis (M-H) curves at 300
and 5 K. The temperature dependence of magnetization was measured in an applied field of 100 Oe
between 5 and 300 K using zero-field cooled (ZFC) and field-cooled (FC) procedures. The ZFC curve
exhibits a maximum at a temperature defined as the blocking temperature (TB). TB values of the Fe
nanoparticles were estimated to be 12 K. This blocking temperature corresponds to a ferromagnetic to
superparamagnetic phase transition. The M-H curve measured at 300 K should exhibit no hysteresis,
indicating as-obtained products were superparamagnetic character. On the other hand, Fe nanoparticles
exhibit ferromagnetic behaviour with the saturation magnetization of 205 emu/g at 5 K, slightly lower
than that of bulk Fe ( 222 emu/g) [4], suggesting magnetism was slightly reduced by agarose
polysaccharides and thin FeO coated on the surface of iron nanoparticles.

[1] R.N. Bargava, J. Lumin. 70, 85 (1996).


[2] L. Schultz, K. Schitzke, J. Wecker, Appl. Phys. Lett. 56, 868 (1990).
[3] R.S. Molday, D. Mackenzie, J. Immunol. Methods. 52, 353 (1982).
[4] B.D. Cullity, Introduction to Magnetic Materials; Addison-Wiley: New York, pp 171-190,
(1972).
M-O-052

Exchange bias in patterned systems

MIGUEL KIWI1,2, JOSÇ MEJÍ1,2, GRISELDA GARCÍA1,2 and RICARDO RAMÍREZ1,2


1
Facultad de Fisica, Universidad Catolica de Chile, Casilla 306, Santiago, CHILE
2
Centro para el Desarrollo de la Nanociencia y la Nanotecnologia, CEDENNA, Avda. Ecuador 3493, Santiago, CHILE
mkiwi@puc.cl

A complete theoretical understanding of the exchange bias (EB) phenomenon has posed a
formidable challenge to condensed matter theorists for over five decades. The challenge has several
sources: The intrinsic interest of EB, the many supplementary physical phenomena that are involved
and the important technological applications that have been developed recently. EB was discovered
more than half a century ago, by Meiklejohn and Bean [1], and its characteristic signature is the shift
of the center of magnetic hysteresis loop from its normal position at H= 0 to HE  0. It occurs in a large
variety of systems [2] which are composed by an antiferromagnet (AF) that is in atomic contact with a
ferromagnet (F) if the sample is grown, or after the system is cooled, below the respective Neel and
Curie temperatures TN and TC, in an external cooling field Hcf. A comprehensive review, which
emphasizes experimental results and provides an up-to-date list of relevant publications, was published
by Nogues and Schuller [2], while the theory was reviewed by Kiwi [3].
In particular, the relevance of the magnetic structure of the AF for the proper description and
understanding of the exchange bias phenomenon has recently been brought to the forefront. In fact,
several experiments [4,5] have provided interesting new evidence underlining the importance of the
magnetic structure of the AF, a feature that has attracted our interest for a long time [6-8]. This is
especially true for textured systems [9,10] which might provide an important clue to improve the
theoretical models that have been developed so far. The main point that emerges from these
experimental results is the fact that some sort of rather long range ―domain‖ structure unfolds in the
antiferromagnet. We have developed a simple model, and implemented a Monte-Carlo calculation
based on it, that provides an alternative interpretation of the experiments to the one put forward in
references [9] and [10]. Several typical cases will be presented and discussed.

[1] W. P. Meiklejohn and C. P. Bean, Phys. Rev. 102, 1413 (1956).


[2] J. Nogués and I. K. Schuller, J. Magn. Magn. Mat. 192, 203 (1999), and references therein.
[3] M. Kiwi, Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 234, 584 (2001).
[4] G. Vallejo-Fernández, M. Vopsaroui, L. E Fernández-Outón and K. O'Grady, IEEE Trans. on
Magnetics 42, 3008 (2006).
[5] S. Roy et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 047201 (2005).
[6] M. Kiwi, J. Mejía-López, R. D. Portugal and R. Ramírez), Europhysics Letters 48, 573 (1999).
[7] M. Kiwi, J. Mejía-López, R. D. Portugal and R. Ramírez), Applied Physics Letters 75, 3995
(1999).
[8] M. Kiwi, J. Mejía-López, R. D. Portugal and R. Ramírez), Solid State Commun. 116, 315 (2000).
[9] Zhi-pan Li, R. Morales and Ivan K. Schuller, Appl. Phys. Lett. 94, 142503 (2009).
[10] R. Morales et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 092503 (2009).
M-O-055

Magnetite development in Fe-containing glass

V. SANDU1, S. POPA1, I. PASUK1, V. KUNCSER1, M. NICOLESCU2, S. RADICESCU2 and


E. SANDU3
1
National Institute of Materials Physic-Bucharest, 105 Atomistilor, Magurele, 077125 ROMANIA
2
National Institute of Glass SA, 47 Theodor Pallady Blv., S.3, Bucharest, 032258, ROMANIA
3
“Horia Hulubei” National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering 407 Atomistilor Str., Magurele, 077125,
ROMANIA
vsandu@infim.ro

We present the preparation and structural properties of a series of Fe-containing borosilicate


glasses as a function of the ratio SiO2/Fe2O3 which is ranging from 1.49 to 2.68. The role of nucleators
(Cr2O3 and P2O5) was also investigated. X-Ray diffraction has revealed the formation of magnetite as
the major or unique crystalline phase whereas Mössbauer spectroscopy revealed the presence of a large
amount of Fe-rich paramagnetic phases. We discuss the role of the nucleators and intermediants
(Al2O3 and MgO) on the disorder in both tetrahedral and octahedral sites of the magnetite.
M-O-057

Synthesis, Raman, near band edge and ferromagnetic properties of Mn doped ZnO dilute
magnetic semiconductor nanostructures

JAVED IQBAL1, XIAOFANG LIU1, MASHKOOR AHMAD2 and RONGHAI YU1


1
Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Department of Material Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing
100084, CHINA
2
Beijing National Center for Electron Microscopy, Department of Material Science and Engineering, Tsinghua
University, Beijing 100084, CHINA
javedsaggu73@yahoo.com & rhyu@tsinghua.edu.cn

Mn doped ZnO nanostructures have been prepared using low temperature simple, quick and
versatile synthesis approach. The structural and vibrational investigations reveal that the prepared
nanostructures have single hexagonal phase and are grown along the preferred c-axis. The x-rays
photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) demonstrate that Mn is in mixed oxidation state and is successfully
doped up to 3 % into ZnO lattice. The magnetic measurements of doped nanostructures show the room
temperature ferromagnetic behavior and its origin is discussed in detail. Furthermore, the
photoluminescence spectrum (PL) exhibits a significant red shift in the optical band gap of doped ZnO
and shows the improved luminescence properties, which makes it potential for its use in the
photocatalyst, optoelectronics and solar cell nanodevices.
M-O-058

Superparamagnetic resonance studies on ZnFe2O4 nanoparticles

YUKSEL KOSEOGLU1, HAYRETTIN YILDIZ1, H. KAVAS1 and RESUL YILGIN2


1
Fatih University, Department of Physics, Buyukcekmece 34500 Istanbul, TURKEY
2
Gebze Instıtute of Technology, Department of Physics, 41400 Kocaeli, TURKEY
yukselk@fatih.edu.tr

Superparamagnetic nanoparticles of zinc ferrite (ZnFe2O4) 2 nm in size were produced by a


microwave induced combustion method. Superparamagnetic resonance (SPR) spectra at room
temperature show a broad line with a Landé g-factor, geff ≈ 2. It was observed that, as the temperature
decreased to lower values, the apparent resonance field decreases while the line width considerably
increases. We used a theoretical formalism based on a distribution of diameters or volumes of the
nanoparticles. The nanoparticles behave as single magnetic domains with random orientations of
magnetic moments which are subject to thermal fluctuations. A Landau– Lifshitz line shape function
presents adequate results which are in good agreement with the experimental ones. A single set of
parameters provides good fits to the spectra recorded at different temperatures. At high T, the SPR line
shape is governed by the core anisotropy and the thermal fluctuations. By decreasing the temperature,
the magnetic susceptibility of shell spins increases. As a result of this, the surface spins produce an
effective field on the core leading to a decrease of resonance field, Br. Also, the effective anisotropy
increases as the shell spins begin to order. So, the results are interpreted by a simple model, in which
each single-domain nanoparticle is considered as a core–shell system, with magnetocrystalline
anisotropy on the core and surface anisotropy on the shell.
M-O-061

Structural and magnetic properties of ferromagnetic nanowires and nanotubes

NAEEM AHMAD, SHAMAILA SHEHZADI, REHANA SHARIF,


JUN-YANG CHEN and X.F HAN

Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, CHINA


naeemarfi@aphy.iphy.ac.cn

Magnetic nanowires and nanotubes[1] have received a considerable interest due to their
potential applications in the field of magnetic nanodevices, patterned recording media and
magnetoresisitive nanosensors. These nanostructures also have potential applications in racetrack
memory[2] and non-reciprocal microwave absorption devices[3].On one hand, magnetic nanowires
offer a lot of applications in nanoelectronics, magnetic nanotubes on the other hand, give an extra
degree of freedom due to the control of the tube wall thickness[4]. Nanowires and Nanotubes have
been fabricated by elctrodeposition due to its cost-effectivenss, simplicity and versatility into anodized
aluminium oxide (AAO) and track-etched Polycarbonante membranes. We have investigated an
extensive study of single element as Ni,Fe, Co and their alloys as NiFe, CoFe, CoFeB, CoPt, CoPd,
CoCrPt Nanowires and Nanotubes with variation in composition, length and diameter[4,5,6,7].A
crossover of easy axis from parallel to perpendicular direction in case of nanowires has been found for
a critical length, diameter and temperature. Magnetization reversal mechanism by curling is the
dominant process in nanowires and nanotubes. Also a transition of magnetization reversal from curling
to coherent is observed for a critical thickness and angle between NT axis and applied field. Above
study shows that shape anisotropy is dominant in nanowires and surface effects are dominant in case of
nanotubes. Magnetic field annealing causes a remarkable improvement in the magnetic properties due
to diffusional pair ordering and stress relief among grains of nanowires. This study will be helpful for
the applications of nanowires and nanotubes in ultrahigh density recording media.

[1] S. Iijima, Nature, 354, 56 (1991).


[2] S.S. Parkin , M. Hayashi, L. Thomas, Science 320, 190 (2008).
[3] B.K. Kuanr, V. Veerakumar, R.Marson, S.R. Mishra, R.E. Camley and Z. Celinski1, App. Phy.
Lett. 94, 202505 (2009).
[4] R. Sharif, S. Shamaila, M. Ma, L.D. Yao, R.C. Yu, X.F. Han and M. Khaleeq-ur-Rahman, App.
Phy. Lett. 92, 032505 (2008).
[5] J. Escrig , R Lav´ın , J.L. Palma , J.C. Denardin, D. Altbir, A. Cort´es and H. G´omez,
Nanotechnology 19, 075713 (2008).
[6] S. Shamaila, D.P. Liu, R. Sharif, J.Y. Chen, H.R. Liu and X.F. Han, Appl. Phys. Lett. 94, 203101
(2009).
[7] X.-F. Han, S. Shamaila, R. Sharif, J.-Y. Chen, H.-R. Liu and D.-P. Liu, Adv. Mater. 21, 1–6
(2009).
[8] P.M. Paulus, F. Luis, M. Kroll, G. Schmid and L.J. de Jongh, J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 224, 180
(2001).
[9] G..C. Han, B.Y. Zon and P. Luo, J. Appl. Phy. 93, 9202 (2003).
M-O-063

Exchange bias enhancement by Cr addition to CoO in a CoO-Co/Pt multilayer system

S. OZER1, N. JOSHI1, S. ROMER2, M.A.MARIONI2 AND H.J. HUG1,2


1
Department of Physics, University of Basel, CH-4056 Basel, SWITZERLAND
2
Empa, Swiss Federal Institute for Materials Testing and Research, CH-8600 Dübendorf, SWITZERLAND
sevil.oezer@unibas.ch

The main use of exchange bias [1] (EB) in magnetic thin-film systems is for causing a unidirectional
anisotropy in a ferromagnetic (F) layer, thus selecting its magnetization direction. This ability is key to enabling
a number of sensor and storage technologies [2]. In this work we present data supporting the notion that EB can
be increased by reducing the frustration of antiparallel coupling between the antiferromagnetic (AF)
uncompensated spins (UCS) and the ferromagnetic (F) spins. We studied EB in magnetron sputtered
Si/Pt(5)/{[Co(0.3)Pt(0.7)]9 Co(0.3)}/ Cu(2.2)/ [Co1-x CrxO](1.5)/ [Co(0.3)Pt(0.7)]4 Co(0.3)Pt(2) structures (numbers in
parenthesis are thickness in nm). At x=0 the coupling between the antiferromagnetic (AF) CoO layer and the
adjacent F-layer results in EB below the blocking temperature of about 200 K. Sputtering at a slightly elevated
temperature of 425 K, the addition of Cr in the AF layer (x=20%) increases the EB field by about 74% at 8.2 K.
High resolution magnetic force microscopy (MFM) images (1 x 1 um) from films with 20% Cr and without Cr
in the AF were obtained from samples cooled in zero field to 8.2K. As-cooled samples display the maze pattern
domains of the F. As a field is applied, the unfavorable domains are seen to shrink and then break up, as would
be expected. Interestingly, the break-up of the domains occurs at higher field levels in the sample with Cr.
Above saturation, the MFM contrast is due to the uncompensated spins (UCS) of the AF, which are seen to have
a granular distribution on a scale of about 20nm. Overlaying the contours of the F-domains on the distribution of
UCS shows that the latter are aligned antiparallel to the magnetization of the as-cooled F-domains, on average,
consistent with previous work [3,4]. Moreover, in the sample with Cr in the AF there are fewer spots where the
UCS are parallel to the as-cooled F-domain magnetization. This is consistent with our conjecture that Cr
contributes to decoupling the AF grains, leading to a reduced frustration of antiparallel coupling, and hence to
an improved EB.

Figure. Comparison of F-domain patterns and patterns of pinned uncompensated spins of sample with and
without Cr in CoO-antiferromagnet, respectively. Color-coding: F-domains: white/black corresponds to
up/down magnetization. UCS pattern: green/red corresponds to up/down direction of the pinned UCS.

[1] W.H. Meiklejohn and C.P. Bean, Phys. Rev. 102, 1413–1414 (1956).
[2] C. Tsang, et al., IEEE Trans. Magn. 30 (1994), 3801–3806 ; S. Parkin, et al., J. Appl. Phys. 85 (1999), 5828–
5833, R. Millen, et al., Anal. Chem. 80 (2008), 7940–7946; D. Wood, et al., Sens. Act. A: Phys. 120, 1-6
(2005).
[3] P. Kappenberger, et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 26720 (2003).
[4] I. Schmid, et al., Europhys. Lett. 81, 17001 (2008).
M-O-064

Magnetization Reversal Mechanism in Cobalt Nanowires Prepared by Chemical


Electrodeposition in Ion Track Etched Membranes

M. USMAN1, A. MUMTAZ1, S.K. HASANAIN1, K. MAAZ2 and S. KARIM2


1
Department of Physics, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, PAKISTAN
2
PINSTECH, P.O. Nilore, Islamabad, PAKISTAN
uk_phy@live.com

The magnetization reversal mechanism in electrodeposited cobalt nanowires in an array using


template has been investigated. Cobalt nanowires have been synthesized with controlled diameters
using chemical electrodeposition method in ions-track etched polycarbonate membranes. The
diameters of the nanowires lies between 50 and 450 nm, and the lengths are up to 30 microns. The
morphology of the prepared nanowires was analyzed by high resolution transmission electron
microscopy (HR-TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses. The X-ray diffraction pattern
investigations demonstrate that the prepared Co nanonowires are single crystalline in nature with
hexagonal close packed (hcp) structure. Polycrystalanity of the wires having large diameter were
observed by high resolution transmission electron microscopy. Magnetic characterization (hysteresis
loops) of the prepared samples shows a clear difference in squareness and coercivity of the nanowires
when the applied field is parallel and perpendicular to the wire axis. The direction of easy axis of
magnetization seems to be lying along the wire-axis in our sample. The magnetization reversal mode
has been identified using the magnetic hysteresis loops measured at room temperature for Co
nanowires placed at various angles between the directions of the nanowires axis and the external
magnetic field using Physical Property Measurement System (PPMS). The analysis of angular
dependence of the switching field reveals that the magnetization reversal process in the Co nanowires
is well consistent with an incoherent rotation by curling. We observed that the switching field and
coercivity strongly depends on the lateral geometry of the wires due to the magnetic shape anisotropy.
Our systematic study of the magnetization reversal process reveals that the magnetization reversal
process is due to curling mode of rotation. Our experimental results are in good agreement with
theoretical modeling of magnetization reversal.
M-O-066

Magnetization process near the Curie temperature of a Ferromagnetic Heusler Alloy Co2VGa

H. NISHIHARA1, Y. FURUTANI1, T. WADA1, T. KANOMATA2, K. KOBAYASHI3,


R. KAINUMA4, K. ISHIDA3 and T. YAMAUCHI5
1
Faculty of Science and Technology, Ryukoku University, Otsu 520-2194, JAPAN
2
Faculty of Engineering, Tohoku Gakuin University, Tagajo 985-8537, JAPAN
3
Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, JAPAN
4
Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, JAPAN
5
Institute for Solid State Physics, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8581, JAPAN
nishihara@rins.ryukoku.ac.jp

The field dependence of the magnetization of a ferromagnetic Heusler alloy Co 2VGa has been
measured close to the Curie temperature of 350 K up to an applied field of 50 kOe. The critical index
delta has been determined to be 4.8. The result is described by the theory by Takahashi for a weakly
ferromagnetic itinerant electron system [1] rather than by a conventional molecular field theory. It is
also compared with results reported for Ni2MnGa, Ni and Co2TiGa [2]. A reliable method is proposed
for determining the Curie temperature of a ferromagnetic material using M4 versus H/M plot rather
than a conventional Arrot plot.

[1] Y. Takahashi, J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 55, 3553-3573 (1986), Y. Takahashi, J. Phys.: Condense. Matter
13, 6323-6358 (2001).
[2] H. Nishihara, K. Komiyama, I. Oguro, T. Kanomata and V. Chernenko, Journal of Alloys and
Compounds 442, 191-193 (2007).
M-O-067

Striped ferrite garnet films as micromagnetic manipulators

J. I. VESTGÅRDEN1, V. V. YURCHENKO1 and T. H. JOHANSEN1


1
Department of Physics, University of Oslo, P. O. Box 1048 Blindern, 0316 Oslo, NORWAY
jornv@fys.uio.no

Ferrite garnet films are powerful magnetic manipulators because of the large field and field
gradients appearing close to the domain walls. For example, domain walls have been used to
manipulate single vortices in superconductors [1] and small paramagnetic beads dispensed in a liquid
[2]. In addition to the ability to manipulate, the ferrite garnet films have the advantage that the domains
structures can be visualized by exploiting the magneto-optical Faraday effect, hence enabling a setup
for combined manipulation and observation.
The dynamics of the manipulated objects are determined by the topology of the domain
structure in combination with the time-dependent applied field. The stripe pattern is a particularly
interesting domain topology, since the anisotropy of the pattern gives control over the direction of
motion, and the periodicity of the pattern gives control over speed and position. In the experiments of
Ref. [2], the periodic modulation of the external field caused the paramagnetic beads to jump
coherently from domain wall to domain wall, thereby creating a magnetic ratchet.
In order to understand how the manipulation works there is a need for models. We have made a
physical model for the dynamics of a paramagnetic bead, dispensed in a liquid and subjected to the
magnetic forces from the domain structure of the ferrite garnet films and the applied field. In the
presentation we will explain the model: how the domain pattern evolves, the non-trivial
hydrodynamics of a small particle in a liquid with proximity to a surface, and the role of the finite size
of the beads in the magnetic interaction. The latter matters because the field gradients are large. The
presentation will include the first results and give a comparison with experiments.

[1] P. E. Goa, H. Hauglin, Å. A. Olsen, D. Shantsev and T. H. Johansen, Appl. Phys. Lett. 82(1), 79
(2003); J. I. Vestgården, D. V. Shantsev, Å. A. Olsen, Y. M. Galperin, V. V. Yurchenko, P. E. Goa and
T. H. Johansen, Phys. Rev. Lett 98, 117002 (2007).
[2] P. Tierno, S. V. Reddy, T. H. Johansen and T. M. Fisher, Phys. Rev. E 75, 041404 (2007); P.
Tierno, S. V. Reddy, M. G. Roper, T. H. Johansen and T. M. Fisher, J. Phys. Chem. B 112, 3833
(2008).
M-O-070

Ultrafast element-selective demagnetization measurements of Ni and Fe employing a tabletop


high-harmonic soft X-ray source

R. ADAM1, CH. LA-O-VORAKIAT4, P. GRYCHTOL1, S. MATHIAS4, M. SIEMENS4, J. SHAW3,


H. NEMBACH3, T. SILVA3, M. AESCHLIMANN2, C. SCHNEIDER1, H. KAPTEYN4 and
M. MURNANE4
1
Insitut für Festkörperforschung,IFF-9, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich GERMANY
2
Technische Universität Kaiserslautern und Forschungszentrum OPTIMAS, Kaiserslautern GERMANY
3
Electromagnetics Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, ColoradoUSA
4
Department of Physics and JILA,University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado USA
r.adam@fz-juelich.de

The study of ultrafast dynamic processes in magnetic systems is a topic of strong interest due to
its high relevance for both fundamental science and technology. Further progress in our understanding
requires detailed analysis of fundamental processes in magnetic materials using nanometer spatial
resolution, femtosecond temporal resolution, as well as a sensitivity to constituents of materials with
various compositions. Pump-probe measurements of magnetization dynamics based on ultrafast lasers
demonstarted earlier an unmatched temporal resolution in the femtosecond range [1]. On the other
hand, past synchrotron measurements using long (ps) duration pulses have demonstrated that the
magnetization can be probed element-selectively at the M-edges of Fe, Co, and Ni, at photon energies
ranging from 55 eV to 68 eV [2,3]. Recently, newly developed tabletop-scale coherent light sources
based on high-harmonic up-conversion (HHG) of a femtosecond laser demonstrated that the M-edges
can be easily accessible using a table-top experimental setup [4]. Employing these new ultrafast soft
X-ray sources for probing magnetic materials promises to combine element-selectivity with a
femtosecond temporal resolution for studying magnetism at fundamental time limits.
Our experiment was set up in a transverse magneto-optic Kerr effect geometry (T-MOKE)
where the reflectivity of the surface changes depending on the magnetization of the sample. The
strength of the T-MOKE signal can be defined as A = (I+ - I-)/(I+ + I-) where I+ and I- denote the
reflected intensities recorded for the two magnetization directions perpendicular to the plane of
incidence. Reflecting the laser-generated X-ray pulses off a magnetized Ni80Fe20 grating, large changes
in the reflected intensity of up to 6% at the M absorption edges of Fe and Ni were observed upon
magnetization reversal. This strong magnetic contrast enables us to measure demagnetization
dynamics of a compound material element-selectively for the first time using a tabletop X-ray pump-
probe measurement technique. In the experiment, short laser pump pulses are first directed at the
sample to destroy the magnetic alignment. Synchronized X-ray probe pulses are then reflected from
the targeted spot to measure ultrafast element-specific demagnetization dynamics with a time-
resolution of 55 fs. First results point towards a tight exchange coupling of the magnetic moments of
Ni and Fe forming the Ni80Fe20 film. Our experiments also demonstrate that the use of high harmonics
for probing magnetic materials promises to combine elemental specificity and femtosecond time
resolution, making it possible to address important fundamental questions in magnetism.

[1] E. Beaurepaire, et al., Phys. Rev. Lett., 76, 4250 (1996).


[2] M. Sacchi, et al., Phys. Rev. B, 58, 3750 (1998).
[3] M. Hecker et al., J. Electron Spectr. Rel. Phen., 144, (2005).
[4] H. C. Kapteyn et al., Physics Today, 58, (2005).
M-O-071

Angular dependence of domain wall dynamics in magnetic films with in-plane uniaxial
anisotropy

MIKKO KATAJA and SEBASTIAAN VAN DIJKEN

Department of Applied Physics, Helsinki University of Technology, P.O. Box 5100, FI-02015 TKK, FINLAND
sebastiaan.van.dijken@hut.fi

The dynamics of driven domain walls is studied using a specifically designed magneto-optical
Kerr effect susceptometer. In this setup, the magnetic domain walls are driven by an ac field and the
complex magnetic susceptibility,  =  - i, is measured using lock-in amplification. Characteristic
dynamic modes such as domain wall creep, domain wall slide, and magnetic switching are clearly
identified by plotting the amplitude and frequency dependence of the susceptibility data in Cole-Cole
presentations,  vs  [1]. This is illustrated in Fig. 1 for a 20 nm thick Co film with growth-induced
uniaxial anisotropy and an angle of 60 between applied field and magnetic easy axis. In this plot each
curve represents a measurement from high frequency (3 kHz) to low frequency (5 Hz) at fixed field
amplitude. A Kerr microscopy image of the demagnetized domain state which is used as starting point
for each susceptibility measurement is shown in Fig. 2. Besides segments due to creep (linear variation
with slope tan(/2)), slide (adiabatic domain motion with pure imaginary susceptibility response),
and magnetic switching (quarter circle at low frequencies and/or large fields), a Debye semicircle is
observed at small susceptibility values. This dynamic mode is due to coherent spin rotation within the
domains and becomes dominant at large field angles.
In this paper we will particularly focus on the angular dependence of domain wall motion under
ac field excitation. Field and frequency dependent data of domain wall creep and domain wall slide
will be presented as a function of field angle. It will be shown that the creep exponent satisfies
theoretical prediction for a 1D domain wall in a 2D thin magnetic film and that domain wall mobility
varies strongly with the angle of applied field in the dynamic slide regime.

e.a.
H

100 m

Fig. 1. Cole-Cole plot for a 20 nm Co film measured Fig. 2. Kerr microscopy image of the domain
with an angle of 40 between the ac magnetic field state in a 20 nm Co film after sample
and the magnetic easy axis. demagnetization at an angle of 40 with
respect to the magnetic easy axis.
[1] W. Kleemann, Ann. Rev. Mater. Res. 37, 415 (2007).
M-O-072

Magnetic ordering and phase separation in EuB5.93C0.07

T. ALTSHULER1, Y. GORYUNOV1, N. SHITSEVALOVA2 and A. DUKHNENKO2


1
Kazan Physical-Technical Institute of the RAS, 420029, Kazan, RUSSIA
2
Institute for Problems of Materials Science of NAS of Ukraine, 03680, Kiev, UKRAINE
tatiana@kfti.knc.ru; goryunov@kfti.knc.ru

The relation of colossal magnetoresistance observed in a number of compounds to the


possibility of the formation of inhomogeneous spin and charge states in them, which can lead to the
magnetic phase separation, has been actively discussed in recent years (see, e.g., [1]). Unfortunately,
most such compounds have a sufficiently complex crystal structure, which complicates the
interpretation of the experimental data. The exception is europium hexaboride EuB6 with a simple
crystal structure. Similar to cesium chloride, it consists of simple cubes of europium ions and
octahedra of boron ions, which are inserted into each other and are coupled with each other by
homeopolar bonds. Europium hexaboride EuB6 is a ferromagnet. However, the magnetic structure of
europium strongly depends on its real electronic structure, presence of vacancies and impurity. Earlier
we investigated single crystal europium hexaboride about 1 % of vacancies on europium. [2]. Here we
report results of studying of single crystal europium hexaboride, in which substitution of 1 % of boron
atoms on atoms of carbon is made.
We have performed the measurement of electron spin resonance (ESR) in the europium
hexaboride single crystal doped by the carbon (EuB5.93C0.07). Tetravalent carbon ion substitutes the
trivalent boron ions in boron sub-lattice of europium hexaboride and yields n-type metallic conductors
to system. The measurements were done in X band for temperature interval T= 76-300 K. In most
experiments the magnetic field was oriented perpendicular to the sample plane. At T=300K we
observed the single line from Eu2+ ions with g~ 1.96 and with Dysonian shaper. At T=130 K there was
a splitting of one ESR line into two lines. One of the lines has the negative g-shift and another one has
the positive g-shift. We attribute this phenomenon to the formation of the magnetic polarons of two
types: Kondo- and anti-Kondo coupling of europium localized magnetic moments with the charge
carriers. The reason for the formation of magnetic polarons at a high temperature is established.
At temperature below 130 K ferrimagnetic ordering in EuB5.93C0.07 is found. Thus, even
substitution of 1% of boron atom by carbon atoms essentially changes type of magnetic ordering in
europium hexaboride.

[1] M. Yu. Kagan, A. V. Klapcov, et al., Phys. Usp. 46, 851 (2003).
[2] T.S. Al‘tshuler, Yu.V. Goryunov, et al.,. JETP Lett., 88, 224 (2008).
M-O-073

Effect of Cr-doping on the magnetic properties of Er0.55Sr0.45Mn1-xCrxO3

KH. A. ZIQ and B. AL-HARTHI

King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Department of Physics, Dhahran 31261 SAUDI ARABIA
kaziq@kfupm.edu.sa

In this project, we investigated the effects of Cr-ions doping on the newly discovered giant
magnetoresistance materials. Magnetic measurements on Er0.55Sr0.45Mn1-xCrxO3 revealed an
antiferromagnetic ground state at low temperatures (~4.K). Moreover, we found that Cr-doping
weaken the antiferromagnetic state, and the sample gradually transforms to ferromagnetic state near
x=0.1 doping level. However, Arrott-Kouvel plots did not reveal the formation of spontaneous moment
with increasing Cr-concentration. Transport measurements revealed an insulating behavior down to
about 80K, below which the resistivety reaches a saturated value reminiscent of spin glass behavior.
M-O-077

Decoherence of the Kondo Singlet caused by phase-sensitive detection

MING-LUN CHEN

Jinggangshan University, Department of Physics, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an 343009, CHINA


mlcen@126.com

To investigate the decoherence of the Kondo singlet, we once againcheck a model, an


Aharonov-Bohm interferometer with a quantum dotcoupling to left and right electrodes, which is
designed by Yacobyto measure phase sensitivity of the quantum dot. By employing the cluster
expansions, the equations of motion of Green functions are transformed into the corresponding
equation of motion of connected Green functions, which contains the correlation of two conduction
electrons beyond the Lacroix approximation. With the method we show that the Kondo singlet is
suppressed by sensitive detection function of Aharonov-Bohm interferometer. Our numerical results
have provided a qualitative explanation with the anomalous features observed in an experiment by
Avinun-Kalish et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. \textbf{92}, 156801 (2004)].
M-O-079

Bi 6s2 lone-pair-induced magnetic order and center of symmetry breaking


in the quadruple perovskite BiMn7O12

A. GAUZZI1, G. ROUSSE1, G. ANDRE2, F. BOUREE2, E. GILIOLI3, F. MEZZADRI4,


G. CALESTANI4, M. CALICCHIO3, F. BOLZONI3, R. CABASSI3, A. PRODI3 and M. MAREZIO5
1
IMPMC, Université Pierre et Marie Curie and CNRS, 4, place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, FRANCE
2
LLB, CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif Sur Yvette, FRANCE
3
Istituto Materiali per Elettronica e Magnetismo, CNR, Area delle Scienze, 43100 Parma, ITALY
4
Dipartimento di Chimica-GIAF, Università di Parma, Viale G.P. Usberti 17A, 43100 Parma, ITALY
5
CRETA CNRS, 38042 Grenoble cedex 9, France
andrea.gauzzi@upmc.fr

Manganese oxides AMn7O12 (A=Na, Ca, La) with quadruple perovskite structure display
charge, spin and magnetic orderings not observed in simple perovskites, such as LaMnO 3 and related
doped compounds [1-3]. In fact, despite the similar crystal structure and the common electronic
properties determined by the Jahn-Teller (JT) Mn ions, quadruple perovskites AA‘3B4O12, differ from
simple ones ABO3 in the following: (i) the crystal structure hosts two, instead of one, JT sites, A‘ and
B; (ii) the JT distortion of the A‘ site leads to a doubling of the a axis of the pseudocubic cell of simple
perovskites and to a larger buckling of the corner-sharing BO6 octahedra; (iii) such denser and strongly
buckled structure prevents the formation of oxygen defects.
Thanks to the absence of defects and of structural inhomogeneities inherent to simple
perovskites, quadruple perovskites constitute a model system for studying competing orderings in JT
systems with perovskite-like structure [2]. Here we study the magnetic structure of the single-valent
compounds LaMn7O12 and BiMn7O12, the quadruple perovskite counterpart of LaMnO3 and BiMnO3,
respectively. By means of a detailed neutron diffraction study, we found that in both compounds the A‘
and B ions order antiferromagnetically (AFM) at low temperatures in an independent fashion.
However, in spite of the common Mn3+ properties, the magnetic structures are strikingly different in
the two compounds. In particular, in LaMn7O12 the structure of the B-site is of C-type [1], which
contrasts the A-type structure reported for LaMnO3. In BiMn7O12, the structure of the B-site is more
complex, being characterized by two distinct propagation vectors. We discuss the origin of these
differences in terms of the polar properties of the Bi 6s2 lone pair, which also accounts for the centre of
symmetry breaking in the crystal structure of BiMn7O12 [3]. Finally, we discuss the role of symmetry
of the JT sites and of the Mn-O-Mn bond angle on the stability conditions of competing magnetic
structures.

[1] A. Prodi et al., Nature Materials 3, 48 (2004).


[2] A. Prodi et al., Phys. Rev. B 79, 085105 (2009).
[3] F. Mezzadri et al., Phys. Rev. B 79, 100106 (R) (2009).
M-O-081

Magnetic resonance studies of thin films for spintronic applications

B. RAMEEV1,2
1
Department of Physics, Gebze Institute of Technology, 41400 Gebze-Kocaeli, TURKEY
2
Kazan Physical-Technical Institute of RAS, 420029 Kazan, RUSSIAN FEDERATION
rameev@gyte.edu.tr

Ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) has been proven as unsurpassed method to probe various
properties of magnetic materials, such as the local magnetic anisotropy and exchange energies,
structural properties, dynamic damping parameters, etc. One of the most fascinating fields of
nanoscience is study of spintronic (magneto-electronic) materials, which are very important for both
fundamental science and technology applications. In this respect the properties of the magneto-
electronic materials are the subject of the intense research nowadays, and FMR technique has already
proved its effectiveness in probing the magnetism on nanoscale.
In this work we review an application of FMR technique to study the magnetic properties of
various thin films, including half metallic ferromagnets (e.g., as chromium dioxide and Heusler alloys)
and magnetic oxides (TiO2, ZnO, double perovskites and others). It is demonstrated that FMR is very
effective technique to study the magnetocrystalline anisotropies, including the effects of the strain
anisotropies due to the lattice mismatch between epitaxial half-metallic / oxide thin films and
substrates. It is shown that in some cases multiple FMR modes can be observed due to the presence of
the magnetic phases with different magnetic anisotropies. For instance, magnetic phases with different
easy axis directions are observed in the chromium dioxide and double perovskite thin films. Another
example is observation of anisotropic ferromagnetism in the oxides implanted by transition metal ions
(Co, Fe). It is shown that the anisotropy in the magnetic properties of the TiO 2 and ZnO thin films /
plates, implanted by Co+ or Fe+ ions, may appear both as result of an intrinsic (substitutional ions) and
extrinsic (magnetic nanoparticles) ferromagnetism. Moreover, multiple FMR modes have been
observed in the systems, consisting of both intrinsic ferromagnetic phase and magnetic nanoparticles.

The author acknowledges the support of DPT (State Planning Organization of Turkey) by the
project No. 2009K120730 and RFBI-TUBITAK Programme under the grant 10-02-91225_CT.
M-O-082

Magnetocaloric effect in Sm0.55Sr0.45MnO3 manganite

D.M. ZASHCHIRINSKII, L.I. KOROLEVA, A.I. MOROZOV and YU. V. DOLJENKOVA

Department of Physics, Moscow State University, Russia 119992,Moscow, RUSSIA


fiz-denis@mail.ru

The temperature change induced in magnetic material during an adiabatic magnetic field
change is the magnetocaloric effect (MCE). MCE provides the physical basis of magnetic refrigeration
technology. Magnetic cooling has a potential to reduce global energy consumption, minimize the need
for ozone depleting and green house chemicals, and may soon become an alternative to the vapor-
compression approach. In our work we studied MCE in Sm0.55Sr0.45MnO3 manganite. The ceramic
sample (C-sample) was prepared by standard ceramic techniques and two single crystals were grown
by the floating-zone method by Balbashov. One single crystal was annealed in oxygen (O-sample) and
other in air atmosphere (A-sample).Using X-ray diffraction, the all samples were found to be pure
single-phase perovskite with the orthorhombic Pnma structure. MCE was measured by straight
method. The magnetic field H for quasistatic measurement was ranged from 0 to 14.2 kOe and was
created by an electromagnet. Due to relatively large magnetic induction, the time of a field sweep from
0 to 14.2 kOe was t > 4 s. The equilibrium temperature T of the sample was measured using copper-
constantan thermocouple before and after the sweep. The MCE was determined as the difference
between the two equilibrium temperatures. The thermocouple joint was put inside the sample. It is
found that the maximum is observed on the temperature dependence of MCE at 134 K for A-sample,
244 K for O-sample and 143 K for C-sample. In these maxima MCE values are next: 0.75 K, 0.41 K
and 0.4 K respectively.
Recent neutron diffraction and electron diffraction studies of Sm0.55Sr0.45MnO3 [1,2] have
shown that a magnetic inhomogeneous state consisting of ferromagnetic (FM) clusters, A-type
antiferromagnetic (AFM) clusters and CE-type AFM clusters is present. Both FM and A-type AFM
clusters break down in the Curie temperature (TC) region and CE-type AFM clusters remain at T > TC.
The TC-value, determined from the AC initial magnetic susceptibility measurements in magnetic field
of 1Oe amplitude and 8 kHz frequency is 126 K [3]. It has been known that MCE of ferromagnetic is
positive and antiferromagnetic is negative. It is apparent that the AFM contribution decreases the total
MCE of Sm0.55Sr0.45MnO3; this decreasing is smaller in A-sample than in O- and C-samples. This
clearly demonstrates that technology of preparation of samples may be modified the relation between
FM and AFM portions of sample.

[1] V.V. Runov, D.Yu Chernyshev, A.I. Kurbakov, M.K. Runova, V.A. Trunov and A.I. Okorokov, J.
Exp. and Theor. Phys., 118, 1174 (2000).
[2] C. Martin, A. Maignan, M. Hervieu and B. Raveau, Phys. Rev. B 60, 12191 (1999).
[3] A.I. Abramovich, L.I. Koroleva and A.V. Michurin, J. Exp. and Theor. Phys. 95, 917 (2002).
M-O-083

Magnetoelectric effects in Co implanted surface layer of perovskite BaTiO3 crystal

F. MIKAILZADE 1, A.G. SALE 1, M. MAKSUTOGLU 1, S. KAZAN 1, R. KHAIBULLIN 2,


N. KHALITOV 2, JU.I. GATIIATOVA 2 and V.F. VALEEV 2
1
Department of Physics, Gebze Institute of Technology, Gebze, 41400, Kocaeli, TURKEY
2
Kazan Physical-Technical Institute, 10/7, Sibirsky Trakt, 420029, Kazan, RUSSIA
faik@gyte.edu.tr

In this paper the results of investigation of the influence of electrical field on magnetic
resonance spectra and the effect of magnetic field on the dielectric constant of Co implanted BaTiO 3
are presented. The samples were prepared by Co ion implantation into (100)- and (110)- oriented
single crystalline plates of BaTiO3 substrates with 40 kEv iron ions at the fluences of between 0.5 and
1.5×1017 ion/cm2 and with a current density of 8 µA/cm2. Magnetic resonance measurements were
carried out using commercial EMX X-Band (9.8 GHz) spectrometer. The magnetization measurements
made by J Meter (Coercivity Spectrometer) at parallel and perpendicular orientations of the applied
magnetic film with respect to the implanted surface plane at room temperature. The dielectric constant
of the samples was measured using an Agilent 4287A LCR Meter in a wide frequency range between 1
MHz – 3 GHz.
Remarkable shifts of both Electron Paramagnetic Resonance and Ferromagnetic Resonance
lines have been observed on applying electrical field on the sample. These results revealed a strong
magnetoelectric interaction between ferroelectric BaTiO3 crystal matrix and its implanted surface
layer. Additionally, the increasing of the dielectric constant of this composite structure has been
observed on applying magnetic field to the sample. These results show the promise of magnetic
nanocomposites on the base of ion implanted ferroelectric perovskites for potential magnetoelectric
applications as well as the flexibility of ion implantation as a method for introducing of transition
metal impurities into host materials for purposes of measuring their magnetic properties.
The authors from Gebze Institute of Technology are indebted to Research Projects Commission
of Gebze Institute of Technology for supporting this work by the Grant No. 2009-A11. The authors
from Kazan Physical-Technical Institute, Russia, acknowledge support through the RFFI, Grant No.
07-02-00559, OFN RAN Programme "New materials and structures'', and Russian Federal Agency on
Education, contract P902.
M-O-084

Magnetoelectricity in a novel multiferroic FeTe2O5Br system

M. PREGELJ 1, O. ZAHARKO2, A. ZORKO1, H. BEREGER3 and D. ARŢON1,4


1
Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, SLOVENIA
2
Laboratory for Neutron Scattering, ETHZ & PSI, CH-5232 Villigen, SWITZERLAND
3
Institute of Physics of Complex Matter, EPFL, 1015 Lausanne, SWITZERLAND
4
University of Ljubljana, Faculty of mathematics and physics, Jadranska 19, 1000 Ljubljana, SLOVENIJA
matej.pregelj@ijs.si

New discoveries of intriguing coupling between magnetization and electric polarization in a


family of multiferroic systems [1-4] have triggered vivid research activities in scientific and
technological community. Magnetically-driven ferroelectric response has been typically observed in
complicated incommensurate (ICM) states with broken inversion symmetry, where lattice distortions
are induced through exchange-striction, leading to the presence of electric polarization. Whereas the
ICM magnetic ordering is often a consequence of magnetic frustration due to presence of competing
exchange interactions.
Recently synthesized tetrameric FeTe2O5Br [5] system adopts a layered structure, where
individual layers consist of iron tetramer units [Fe4O16]20- coupled through [Te4O10X2]6- groups.
Negative Curie-Weiss temperature CW = -98 K, determined from magnetic susceptibility
measurements, implies strong antiferromagnetic (AFM) interactions between the (S = 5/2) Fe3+
moments. Strongly suppressed Néel temperature, TN ~ 10 K, suggests that the magnetic ground state
might be frustrated [5].
Here we present our investigation of the FeTe2O5Br low-temperature behavior. Unpolarized
and polarized single crystal neutron diffraction measurements reveal that below TN, transverse
incommensurate amplitude modulated magnetic order with the wave vector q = (1/2, 0.463, 0)
develops [6]. Dielectric measurements of electric polarization and dielectric constant show that
simultaneously with magnetic ordering, a ferroelectric order with the spontaneous polarization
perpendicular to q and to Fe3+ magnetic moments emerges. The ferroelectricity is ascribed to the
polarization of Te4+ lone-pair electrons. The magnetoelectric effect and the unusual temperature
dependence of the magnetic and ferroelectric properties are explained with the sliding of neighboring
amplitude modulation waves opening the possibility for the exchange striction in the Fe-O-Te-O-Fe
intercluster exchange bridges.
Our results suggest to look for new magnetoelectrics in the vast family of M-T-O-X
compounds (M = Cu; Ni; Fe, X = Cl; Br; I, T = Te; Se; Sb; Bi; Pb), as they frequently possess strong
magnetic frustration complemented by the presence of T ions with lone-pair electrons.

[1] W. Eerenstein et al. Nature 442, 759 (2003).


[2] T. Kimura et al. Nature 426, 6962 (2003).
[3] G. Lawes et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 087205 (2005).
[4] M. Kenzelmann et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 087206 (2005).
[5] R. Becker et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 128, 15469 (2006).
[6] M Pregelj at al. Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 147202 (2009).
M-O-085

Spin-charge coupled phenomena in R2Mo2O7: Monte Carlo study of double-exchange model on a


frustrated pyrochlore lattice

Y. MOTOME1 and N. FURUKAWA2,3


1
Department of Applied Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, JAPAN
2
Department of Physics and Mathematics, Aoyama Gakuin University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 229-8558, JAPAN
3
Multiferroics Project, ERATO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), JAPAN
furukawa@phys.aoyama.ac.jp

There have been growing interests in strongly correlated electron systems on geometrically
frustrated lattice structures. Strong electron correlation induces interplay between charge and spin
degrees of freedom. On the other hand, it has been recognized that the low-energy physics is often
severely affected by the (quasi-)degenerate manifold of the energy levels in the presence of
geometrical frustration. Hence, it is highly nontrivial how the correlated electrons behave when the
underlying lattice structure is frustrated. There, it is expected to have keen competition among
different phases, such as metal versus insulator and magnetic order versus disorder, leading to some
fascinating properties in magnetism as well as transport phenomena.
We here present our recent results of numerical studies on this issue, in particular, focusing on
spin-charge coupled phenomena in the double-exchange model on the 3D frustrated pyrochlore lattice.
This work has been motivated mainly by intriguing properties recently observed in Mo pyrochlore
oxides R2Mo2O7 under applied pressure [1]. Our results reveal that the model, which contains some
competitions between the double-exchange ferromagnetic interactions and the antiferromagnetic
superexchange couplings, exhibits distinctive aspects such as a gradual collapse of ferromagnetic
metal, an emergence of peculiar paramagnetic metal with strong incoherent transport [2], and a new
type of electronic phase separation between two different metallic states [3]. These are in sharp
contrast to the non-frustrated cases, in which a discontinuous bicritical phase transition as well as a
phase separation was obtained between ferromagnetic metal and antiferromagnetic insulator. The
results afford an understanding of the experiments in Mo pyrochlores under pressure, and moreover,
predict a heavy-fermion behavior with large residual entropy or a non-Fermi liquid state in the critical
region at low temperatures.

[1] S. Iguchi et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 136407 (2009).


[2] Y. Motome and N. Furukawa, preprint (submitted).
[3] Y. Motome and N. Furukawa, in preparation.
M-O-086

Electrically driven magnetic relaxation in multiferroic LuFe2O4

F. WANG, C. LI, Y. LIU, T. ZOU, Z. CHENG and Y. SUN

Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics,


Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PEOPLE'S REPULIC OF CHINA
youngsun@aphy.iphy.ac.cn

The demand for higher data density in magnetic information storage has triggered an intense
search for approaches to control magnetization by means other than magnetic fields. One promising
way toward this aim is to utilize the magnetoelectric effects in multiferroic materials. LuFe2O4 exhibits
multiferroicity due to charge order on a frustrated triangular lattice. We find that the magnetic state in
mutiferroic LuFe2O4 can be controlled by applying short current pulses. The magnitude of the induced
magnetization change depends on the pulse width and current density. The voltage variation during the
applied current pulses evidences an electric-field-induced breakdown of charge order and excludes the
role of Joule heating. This current-driven magnetization change can be interpreted with a three-
temperature model in which the delocalized electrons accelerate spin relaxation through a strong
electron-spin coupling inherent to multiferroicity. The electrically assisted spin relaxation in charge-
order-induced multiferroics provides a new approach for electrical control of magnetization.

200 K
0.8 120 200 K
H=1000 Oe
2
J=3.1 A/cm
voltage (V)
M (emu/g)

80
2
0.6 J=3.1 A/cm
pulse width= 4 ms
40

0.4
0

0 2 4 6 8 10 2 4 6 8 10
time (min) time (ms)

Fig. 1. Current pulse induced magnetization Fig. 2. Voltage variation during the applied
change. current pulse.
M-O-090

Effect of microwave annealing on the structure and magnetic properties of Co-based amorphous
ribbons

I.E. SULIMAN1, H. EFTEKHARI1, S.M. MOHSENI1 and M.M. TEHRANCHI1, 2


1
Laser and Plasma Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, G.C., Evin, 19839-63113 Tehran, IRAN
2
Department of Physics, Shahid Behesht University,G.C., Evin, 19839-63113 Tehran, IRAN
teranchi@cc.sbu.ac.ir

Study of magnetic properties of amorphous soft ferromagnetic alloys has attracted a lot of
attention for application in the magnetic field sensing elements [1]. One of the key issues of using
these materials is their high magnetic permeability and low magnetic coercivity in as-quenched state
which can be even improved by proper annealing techniques [2,3].
In this paper, we have investigated the structure and magnetic properties of CoFeSiB
amorphous ribbons in the present of microwave emission. Various samples with the same size have
been emitted in the microwave oven with working frequency of 2.45 GHz with certain amount of
powers and in different times of emissn. In order to study the structural properties of emitted samples,
X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern has measured with Cu-Kα radiation source. Evolution in surface of
samples was studied by atomic force microscopy (AFM). Also, magnetic properties of samples were
investigated by magneto-optical Kerr effect (MOKE) measurement.
Results show that in a certain amount of emissivity power and time, low magnetic coercivity
together with decrement in surface roughness can be achieved. XRD pattern confirms devitrification of
samples results in soft magnetic properties associated with interaction of magnetic amorphous state
with nanocrystallites. Increase in annealing time can change the structure of samples from amorphous
to crystal state which enhances the magnetic coercivity and surface roughness. This process is a
promising technique for magnetic sensor elements based on the giant magnetoimpedance effect.

[1] M.M. Tehranchi, M. Ghanaatshoar, S.M. Mohseni, H. Eftekhari, J. Non-Cryst. Solids. 354, 5175
(2008).
[2] S.E. Roozmeh, M.M. Tehranchi, M. Ghanaatshoar, S.M. Mohseni, M. Parhizkari,
H. Ghomi, H. Latifi. J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 304, e633 (2006).
[3] S.E. Roozmeh, S.M. Mohseni, M.M. Tehranchi. J. Non-Cryst. Solids. 355 2653–2656 (2009).
M-O-095

Magnon lifetimes in 2D and 3D antiferromagnets

S.P. BAYRAKCI 1, PH. LEININGER 1, T. KELLER 1, D.A. TENNANT 2, S. WILSON 3,


R. BIRGENEAU 3 and B. KEIMER1
1
Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Stuttgart, GERMANY
2
Helmholtz Center Berlin for Materials and Energy, Berlin, GERMANY
3
University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California, U.S.A.
bayrakci@fkf.mpg.de

Two-dimensional Heisenberg systems have enjoyed great interest in recent years due to the
discovery of high-temperature superconductivity. However, the nature of the magnon damping in the
2D Heisenberg antiferromagnet still remains unresolved. In initial experiments on the 3D
antiferromagnet MnF2, we demonstrated the feasibility of magnon linewidth measurements employing
the high-resolution technique of neutron resonance spin echo triple axis spectrometry (NRSE-TAS),
achieving energy resolution on the order of 1 µeV [1]. These NRSE-TAS measurements extended
over the full Brillouin zone, and were the first performed on a magnetic system. We recently
completed our comprehensive study of magnon linewidths in MnF2 by studying magnons in the plane
perpendicular to the axis of uniaxial anisotropy, again over broad ranges of temperature and
wavevector. Building upon this basis, we have now focused on magnon lifetimes in the quasi-2D
antiferromagnet Rb2MnF4. Rb2MnF4 is, like the parent materials of the family of cuprate high-Tc
superconductors, an example of a 2D square-lattice Heisenberg antiferromagnet. Comparison of the
results in 2D and 3D allows us to assess directly the influence of dimensionality on the magnon
lifetime in these related magnetic systems. We compare our results with existing theoretical
predictions [2], some of which have remained untested for decades due to the lack of available high-
resolution linewidth data. These comparisons provide insight into the microscopic processes involved
in magnon damping in 2D and 3D antiferromagnets.

[1] S.P. Bayrakci, T. Keller, K. Habicht and B. Keimer, Science 312, 1926 (2006).
[2] e.g. A.B. Harris, D. Kumar, B.I. Halperin and P.C. Hohenberg, Phys. Rev. B 3, 961 (1971) and S.
Tyc and B.I. Halperin, Phys. Rev. B 42, 2096 (1990).
M-O-096

Interplay between interference and Coulomb interaction in the ferromagnetic Anderson model
with applied magnetic field

JONAS NYVOLD PEDERSEN 1, DAN BOHR 2, ANDREAS WACKER 1, TOMÁŠ NOVOTNÝ 3,4,
PETER SCHMITTECKERT 5 and KARSTEN FLENSBERG 4
1
Department of Physics, Mathematical Physics, Lund University, Box 118, SE-22100 Lund, SWEDEN
2
Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergerstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, SWITZERLAND
3
Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Charles University, Ke Karlovu 5, CZ-12116 Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC
4
Nano-Science Center and Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Universitetparken 5, DK-2100 Copenhagen,
DENMARK
5
Institut für Nanotechnologie, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, D-76021Karlsruhe, GERMANY
tno@karlov.mff.cuni.cz

We study the competition between interference due to multiple single-particle paths and
Coulomb interaction in a simple model of an Anderson-type impurity with local-magnetic-field-
induced level splitting coupled to ferromagnetic leads. The model along with its potential experimental
relevance in the field of spintronics serves as a nontrivial benchmark system where various quantum-
transport approaches can be tested and compared. We present results for the linear conductance
obtained by a spin-dependent implementation of the density-matrix renormalization-group scheme
which are compared with a mean-field solution as well as a seemingly more advanced Hubbard-I
approximation. We explain why mean field yields nearly perfect results while the more sophisticated
Hubbard-I approach fails even at a purely conceptual level since it breaks hermiticity of the related
density matrix. Furthermore, we study finite bias transport through the impurity by the mean-field
approach and recently developed higher-order density-matrix equations. We found that the mean-field
solution fails to describe the plausible results of the higher-order density-matrix approach both
quantitatively and qualitatively, as it does not capture some essential features of the current-voltage
characteristics such as negative differential conductance.

Ref.: Phys. Rev. B 79, 125403 (2009)


M-O-098

Annealing effects on the antiphase boundary in Fe3O4 thin films

ANKIT KUMAR, SUJEET CHAUDHARY, D.K.PANDYA and SUBHASH C. KASHYAP

Thin Film Laboratory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, INDIA
sujeetc@physics.iitd.ernet.in

Magnetite (Fe3O4) is a promising half metal system not only for spin-electronic devices
applications but also from the viewpoint of fundamental physics. This oxide crystallizes in cubic
inverse spinel form with a high curie temperature (Tc) of 858 K, and possesses ~80% spin polarization
at RT [1]. The eventual utilization of magnetite in developing spintronic devices, viz., magnetic
random access memories (MRAMs), tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR), etc, has, however, certain
obstacles due to the formation of numerous antiphase boundaries (APBs) in their thin films. These
boundaries/defects arise due to stacking faults of the iron sublattice in the inverse spinel structure [2].
They play paramount role in the magnetic and magneto transport properties of Fe3O4. It is therefore
important to understand and minimise the origin of the formation of APBs.
In the present work, we have focused on the reduction of APBs in the Fe3O4 films (thickness:
10-50nm) grown by two schemes, (a) reactive sputtering at appropriate growth temperature and (b)
post deposition annealing of RT deposited Fe films on Si(100) substrates. Phase purity and crystal
structure of these films have been examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field and temperature
dependence of DC-magnetisation (M-H and M-T), resistance-temperature (R-T), and low field
magnetic AC susceptibility (ac-T) measurements. The M-H measurement revealed that the saturation
magnetization of sample (464 emu/cc) is quite close to the expected value of 471 emu/cc (See Fig.
(a)). The R-T behaviour in the reactively grown Fe3O4 films shows the presence of Verwey transition
around 126 K (See Fig (b)), indicating the formation of magnetite phase. The samples were
consecutively annealed at different conditions and XRD measurements were performed to confirm the
stoichiometry of Fe3O4 films. It was observed that Fe3O4 thin films remain stoichiometric. The effect
of annealing the Fe3O4 films on reduction in APBs via AC susceptibility investigation is presently
under progress. The detailed results will be presented in the conference.

500 (a) (b)


Fe3O4 (51nm)/Si(100) 20
400
Magnetization(emu/cc)

(T=300K)
300
R (x 10 Ohms)

200 15 Fe3O4 (33nm)/Si(100)


100 
(Tsub=400 C)
0 10
5

-100
-200
-300
5
-400
-500 0
-40000 -20000 0 20000 40000
100 200 300 400
Field(Oe) T (K)

[1] Z. Zhang and S. Satpatahy, Phys. Rev. B 44, 13319 (1991).


[2] S. Celotto, W. Eerenstein and T. Hibma, Euro. Phys. J. B, 36, 271 (2003).
M-O-099

Manganese-doped CdGeAs2, ZnGeAs2 and ZnSiAs2 chalcopyrites: New advanced materials for
spintronics

L.I. KOROLEVA1, D.M. ZASHCHERINSKII1, T.M. KHAPAEVA1, S.F. MARENKIN2,


I.V. FEDORCHENKO2, S.A. VARNAVSKII2, R. SZYMCZAK3 and B. KRZYMANSKA3
1
Department of Physics, Moscow State University, Vorobyevy Gory, 119992 Moscow, RUSSIA
2
Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry RAS, Leninskii str. 31, 119991 Moscow, RUSSIA
3
Institute of Physics PAS, Lotnicow al., Warsaw 02668, POLAND
koroleva@phys.msu.ru

A new spintronics materials with the Curie temperatures (TC) above room temperature, the
CdGeAs2, ZnGeAs2 and ZnSiAs2 chalcopyrites doped with Mn, are synthesized by solid-state reaction
technique. No traces of MnAs or related compounds were found in them by accurate X-ray
measurements. The magnetic and electrical properties of these compositions are studied. Their T C-
values are following: 355 K for the first, 367 K for the second and 337 for the third compositions. The
TC = 367 K is highest Curie point in AIIBIVCV2: Mn systems. The attractiveness of ZnSiAs2:Mn
compounds lies in that they are compatible with ―silicon technology‖, i.e. it is possibility to make on
them of epitaxy and other technological processes allowed to create the devices of the solid state
electronics. AIIBIVCV2 ternary semiconductors are crystal-chemical and electronic analogues of AIIIBV
semiconductors. These compounds mostly have covalent type of chemical bond, small carrier effective
mass, high carrier mobility and absolute minima and maxima of conduction and valence bands in the
center of Brillouin zone.
The temperature dependence of magnetization M(T) exhibits a complicated character. For low
temperatures it is characteristic of superparamagnetics. In the ZnGeAs2:Mn at more high temperature a
spin glass state occurs after that a spontaneous magnetization appears. In the CdGeAs2:Mn and
ZnSiAs2:Mn the spin glass state is absent and the transition from the superparamagnetic state to phase
with the spontaneous magnetization occurs. This latter phase has a decreased magnetic moment per
formula unit as compared to that which would be observed under complete ferromagnetic ordering of
spins of Mn2+ ions or antiferromagnetic ordering of spins of the Mn2+ and Mn3+ ions that is a frustrated
ferro- or ferrimagnetic. The measurements of an electrical resistivity r show that the transition to the
latter phase is connected with the decrease of r. The peculiarities of magnetic properties are explained
by competition of the superexchange and the exchange through the charge carriers. In work [1] was
shown that Mn ions occupying neighboring sites in GaAs:Mn –type dilute magnetic semiconductors
feel attraction, with the result that RKKI interaction modified for nanosized objects leads to the
formation of nanosized ferromagnetic clusters. One would expect a conclusion of [1] can be justly for
chalcopyrite structure since it is crystallochemical analog of A IIIBV. In this case the cluster formation
occurs in the same manner as in Ga1-x Mnx As.
Hence the new high temperature spintronics materials – CdGeAs2, ZnGeAs2 and ZnSiAs2
doped by manganese – are nonhomogeneous magnetics.

[1] E.Z. Meilikov and R.M. Farzetdinova, Phys.Rev. B 75, 052402 (2007).
M-O-101

Anisotropic ferromagnetism in Fe-implanted TiO2 rutile single crystals

S. GULER 1, B.Z. RAMEEV 1,2, B. AKTAS 1, R.I. KHAIBULLIN 2,3, I.R. VAKHITOV 3,
E.N. DULOV 3 and L.R.TAGIROV 3
1
Gebze Institute of Technology, 41400 Gebze-Kocaeli, TURKEY
2
Kazan Physical-Technical Institute of RAS, 420029 Kazan, RUSSIA
3
Kazan State University, 420008 Kazan, RUSSIA
sumeyra@gyte.edu.tr

Room temperature ferromagnetism in wide-band semiconductors, such as TiO2 or ZnO, doped


by transition-metal ions (Co, Fe, V, etc.) has attracted considerable attention due to their potential
applications in the spintronics.
In this study, single crystalline (100)- and (001)-face oriented plates of rutile (TiO2) have been
implanted with 40 keV Fe+ ions (mixture of 57Fe and 56Fe isotopes) to high doses of 0.5-1.51017
ions/cm2 at different temperatures of substrate (300 and 900 K). Magnetic properties of the implanted
TiO2 samples have been investigated by ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) and VSM magnetometry, as
well depth-resolved Mössbauer measurements.
Anisotropic room temperature ferromagnetism in the iron implanted TiO2 samples has been
observed. Strong out-of-plane anisotropy revealing the high magnetization of the rutile plates, and in-
plane magnetocrystalline anisotropy with the magnitude depending on the implantation regimes (dose
value, substrate orientation and temperature) have been revealed by FMR and VSM. Conversion
electron Mössbauer spectroscopy has shown four magnetically active phases in the Fe-implanted TiO2:
α-Fe, Fe3O4, Ti1-xFe2+xO2- and Ti1-xFe3+xO2-; and significant variations in the phase composition with
the depth.
A mechanism of anisotropic ferromagnetism in the ion-synthesized Fe:TiO2 composite system
is discussed. It is shown that the ferromagnetic properties of samples are determined essentially by the
presence of α-Fe in substrates implanted at room temperature or Fe3O4 phase in samples implanted at
high temperature of 900 K. The observed in-plane magnetic anisotropy of the samples is explained by
growth of the iron nanoparticles with the texture depending on the crystallographic orientation of the
TiO2 substrate.

The authors acknowledge support through DPT (State Planning Organization of Turkey),
project No. 2009K120730, RFBI-TUBITAK Programme, grant 10-02-91225_CT, and Russian Federal
Agency on Education, contract P902.
M-O-102

Structural, optical and magnetic properties of Ce-GaN based diluted magnetic semiconductor

ABDUL MAJID

Department of Physics, University of Gujrat, Gujrat 50700, PAKISTAN


Abdulmajid40@yahoo.com

First ever Ce based GaN diluted magnetic semiconductor is reported. Owing to exceptional
optical, semiconducing and magnetic properties, this material is expected to be a potential candidate
for spintronic devices. GaN thin films were implanted with 3x1014 cm-2 and 2x1015 cm-2 doses of
cerium ions. Photoluminescence (PL), optical transmission, Raman, high resolution X-ray diffraction
(HRXRD), measurements were performed on cerium implanted MOCVD grown GaN thin films to
study the optical and structural properties. Superconducting Quantum Interference device (SQUID)
was used in order to investigate the magnetic properties of implanted samples as a function of
temperature and applied field. Hysteresis loops were recorded at 100 K and 300 K for implanted and
as-grown samples. A significant band gap narrowing is observed in PL measurements which points to
incorporation of cerium ions into GaN host lattice. As-grown sample has not exhibited magnetic
hysteresis which ruled out the possibility of spurious transitional metal impurities to account for
observed magnetic properties.
Magnetization as a function of temperature for both the implanted samples exhibited
irreversibility between field cooled (FC) and zero field cooled (ZFC) curves is noticed for these
samples. Moreover, difference of FC and ZFC curves is observed which persist up to 250 K and 260 K
for samples having 3x1014 cm-2 and 2x1015 cm-2 doses respectively. This difference between FC and
ZFC curves is observed to be 10.7 and 2.5 emu/cm3 at 4 K for these samples respectively. Both the
samples show non-zero magnetization at highest measurement temperature of 350 K. It is well
established that presence of FC, ZFC irreversibility is not sufficient to check the existence of true spin
glass state. Steep rise in magnetization below 15K in FC curves for both samples may be due to weak
ferromagnetic behavior resulting from short range interaction of neighboring Ce ions in the DMS
lattice.
Magnetization as a function of applied field at room temperature for Ce implanted GaN
samples exhibit well defined hysteresis. The values of magnetization at applied field of 1000 Oe for
samples having dose 3x1014 cm-2 are found to be 48 and 47.6 emu/cm3 at 100 and 300 K respectively.
Similarly, values of magnetization at applied field of 1000 Oe for samples having dose 2x10 15 cm-2 are
found to be 35.6 and 34.9 emu/cm3 at 100 and 300 K respectively. The values of remanence are found
to be 6 and 3.4 emu/cm3 whereas coercivity 38 and 36 Oe for both samples respectively.
Both the samples exhibit similar trend in such a way that M vs. H/T curve at both temperatures
remains distinct and do not collapse into single curve. A classic convex hump in the medium
temperature range in FC curves has been observed which is a sign of ferromagnetic behaviour. The
absence of any cusp in ZFC for both samples ruled out the presence of spin glass behaviour in
samples.
Well defined hysteresis and presence of magnetization at room temperature designates the
existence of ferromagnetic ordering well above the room temperature. Curie point has not been
determined yet but it is expected to be beyond 350K according to our observations.
M-O-104

The effects of 5f localization on the structural, electronic and magnetic properties of


UFe2 and PuFe2

Z. NOURBAKHSH and A. VAEZ

Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, IRAN


vaez@phys.ui.ac.ir

The structural, electronic and magnetic properties of UFe2 and PuFe2 have been calculated in
the presence and in the absence of spin–orbit interaction using density functional theory by WIEN2K
package. The total energy calculations indicate that at zero pressure the ferromagnetic phase is the
most stable phase. Both the energy band calculation and the density of states curves indicate that spin–
orbit interaction has a considerable
effect and cannot be ignored. The magnetic moment calculation within local density
approximation (LDA) and generalized gradient approximation (GGA) approaches show that LDA and
GGA are not good approaches for this compound. To improve the result, we have calculated the
magnetic moment using GGA+U and LDA+U approaches. Thus the calculation of the electric field
gradient (EFG) as a function of pressure has been performed in the presence of spin–orbit coupling.
The contributions of different orbitals to the EFG show that the strongest anisotropy in the charge
distribution is due to the electrons in p orbitals. The calculation of orbital magnetic moment as a
function of unit-cell volume within LDA+U approach has been performed.
M-O-105

Magnetic structure and induced charge anisotropies in EuFe2As2 revealed by magnetic and
resonant x-ray scattering

J. HERRERO-MARTIN1, C. MAZZOLI1, V. SCAGNOLI1, Y. SU2, Y. XIAO3, T. BRUECKEL2,3, R.


MITTAL2,4, N. KUMAR5, S. K. DHAR5, A. THAMIZHAVEL5, AND L. PAOLASINI1
1
European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, BP 220, F-38043 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
2
Juelich Centre for Neutron Science, IFF, Forschungszentrum Juelich, Outstation at FRM II, Lichtenbergstrasse 1,
D-85747 Garching, Germany
3
Institut fuer Festkoerperforschung, Forschungszentrum Juelich, D-52425 Juelich, Germany
4
Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400 085, India
5
Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Material Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research,
Homi Bhabha Road, Colaba, Mumbai 400 005, India
herrerom@esrf.fr

We have exploited non-resonant and specific element magnetic resonant x-ray scattering to
determine the alignment direction of magnetic moments of Eu and Fe atoms in EuFe2As2 iron pnictide
[1].Experiments were carried out by using four and six circles single crystal diffraction geometries at a
third generation synchrotron light source [2].
Resonant measurements on magnetic reflections at the Eu L3 absorption edge allowed the direct
determination of the orientation of Eu magnetic moments: in the antiferromagnetic ordered phase
(T<TN~19 K) they lay parallel to the crystallographic a axis. In addition, non-resonant magnetic x-ray
measurements indicate that Fe magnetic moments are aligned along the same direction in the spin
density-wave phase (T<TS~190 K). The temperature dependence of integrated intensities suggests that
the Fe magnetic arrangement is fairly insensitive to the onset of Eu AFM phase.
The observation of non-zero intensity on other non-magnetic forbidden Bragg reflections still at
the Eu L3 edge but also at the As K [3] absorption edge opens the door to speculations on the actual
crystal structure.

[1] J. Herrero-Martín, V. Scagnoli, C. Mazzoli, Y. Su, R. Mittal, Y. Xiao, T. Brueckel, N. Kumar, S.


K. Dhar, A. Thamizhavel and L. Paolasini, Phys. Rev. B 80, 134411 (2009)
[2] L. Paolasini, C. Detlefs, C. Mazzoli, S. Wilkins, P. P. Deen, A.Bombardi, N. Kernavois, F. de
Bergevin, F. Yakhou, J. P. Valade, I. Breslawetz, A. Fondacaro, G. Pepellin and P. Bernard, J. Synchr.
Rad. 14, 301 (2007)
[3] unpublished results
M-O-106

Hubbard model with hopping interaction and intersite kinetic correlations:


Scattering correction effect

GRZEGORZ GÓRSKI, JERZY MIZIA and KRZYSZTOF KUCAB

Institute of Physics, University of Rzeszów, Al. Rejtana 16A, 35-959 Rzeszów, POLAND
mizia@univ.rzeszow.pl

In our recent study [1] we have analyzed the Hubbard model within the Hubbard III
approximation [2] keeping only the single site electron-electron repulsion U  ii 1 r ii  and in addition
the intersite kinetic correlation functions I   ci c j  and n̂i ci c j  . The kinetic correlation
was excluded in the Hubbard III approximation and also in the equivalent coherent potential
approximation. Including it brought two spin dependent effects: the bandwidth correction and the
bandshift correction, which both stimulate the ferromagnetic ground state. The spontaneous
magnetization was possible at some electron concentrations for highly asymmetrical density of states
(DOS) as a result of the resonance broadening effect. The scattering effect did not create the bandshift
and the spontaneous magnetization.
Now we present the model in which both the hopping interaction t  ii 1 r ij  and the inter-site
kinetic electron-electron correlation are analyzed within the Hubbard III scattering effect scheme. The
bandshift correction factor and the spin dependent bandwidth correction factors are created by the
scattering effect alone. They are enhanced by the hopping interaction. In analysis we use the bands
with symmetrical DOS (semi-elliptic or bcc like DOS) and also with the asymmetrical DOS
resembling the fcc DOS. The strongest decrease of the critical exchange interaction for
ferromagnetism ( Fincr ) was obtained for the asymmetrical DOS. This decrease was made by: the shift
of the spin bands by a factor of 2 ztI  , increase of DOS with concentration, and different change of
majority and minority spin bandwidth with magnetization. All these effects depend on electron
concentration. At concentrations below half-filling the decrease of Fincr is caused mainly by the
bandshift, as there is no bandwidth change in the lower Hubbard band. For concentrations above half-
filling, when the Fermi level is in the upper band, the decrease of Fincr is driven by the strong change in
the width of spin bands. Unfortunately for these concentrations a factor 2 ztI  acts against
ferromagnetic ordering. For the asymmetrical DOS we obtain additional decrease in Fincr when Fermi
energy is located close to the peak in the DOS at small energies. For all these reasons the spontaneous
magnetization can be created at concentrations smaller than half-filling, and indeed at large value of
the hopping interaction parameter and strong asymmetry we have obtained the self-consistent
ferromagnetic solutions in a rather small region of the band filling located around n  0.1 . For the
bands with symmetrical DOS the hopping interaction alone does not lead to the self-consistent
ferromagnetic solution, although at some values of electron concentration and interaction it causes
strong ferromagnetic enhancement.

[1] G. Górski and J. Mizia, Phys. Rev. B 79, 064414 (2009).


[2] J. Hubbard, Proc. Roy. Soc. A 281, 401 (1964).
M-O-110

Critical behavior of the Pauli spin susceptibility of strongly correlated 2D electrons

S.V. KRAVCHENKO

Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA


s.kravchenko@neu.edu

Phase transitions are often related to a change in the kinetic properties of electron systems.
Recent transport experiments performed on clean two-dimensional (2D) silicon samples have indicated
that this system possesses anomalous magnetic properties at low electron densities and undergoes an
interaction-driven metal-insulator transition (MIT) at a critical electron density [1,2]. However,
evidence for a phase transition cannot be conclusively based on results obtained by transport
experiments: it must be sought in studies of the thermodynamic characteristics. I will report
measurements of the thermodynamic magnetization and density of states in a low-disordered, strongly
correlated 2D electron system in silicon. It is found that the spin susceptibility of band electrons (Pauli
spin susceptibility) grows by almost an order of magnitude as the electron density is reduced, behaving
critically near the MIT. This provides thermodynamic evidence for the existence of a new phase
transition. The nature of the low-density phase still remains unclear being masked by the insulating
state caused by residual disorder in the electron system.

[1] S. V. Kravchenko and M. P. Sarachik, Rep. Prog. Phys. 67, 1 (2004).


[2] B. Spivak, S. V. Kravchenko, S. A. Kivelson, and X. P. A. Gao, arXiv:09050414v1 (submitted to
Rev. Mod. Phys.)
M-O-111

The effects of 5f localization on magnetic properties of UAl3

Z. NOURBAKHSH

Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, IRAN


z.nourbakhsh@phys.ui.ac.ir

The structural, electronic and magnetic properties of UAl3 have been calculated using density
functional theory by the Wien2k package within LDA, GGA, LDA+U and GGA+U approaches. The
total energy calculations indicate that at zero pressure the ferromagnetic phase is the most stable phase.
The energy band calculation and the density of states curves indicate that the localization of 5f electron
have considerable effect on electronic properties of UAl3 compound. Thus the calculation of the
electric field gradient, magnetic moment and optical properties of this compound has been performed
in LDA+U and GGA+U approaches. The contributions of different orbitals to the EFG show that the
strongest anisotropy in the charge distribution is due to the electrons in p orbitals. The spin and orbital
magnetic moment have been calculated, and it has been shown the orbital magnetic moment is directed
opposite to the spin magnetic moment. The electric field gradient and the spin and orbital magnetic
moment as a function of pressure have been performed in LDA+U and GGA+U approaches in the
presence of spin–orbit coupling.
M-O-112

Long range odd triplet order parameter with equal spin pairing in diffusive Co/In contacts

B. ALMOG, S. HACOHEN-GOURGY, A. TSUKERNIK and G. DEUTSCHER

School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel-Aviv University, ISRAEL


boazal@post.tau.ac.il

We have measured the conductance of single, double and multiple junction S/F devices made
of Co and In. The contacts are created by pinholes in the CoO which prevent local destruction of
superconductivity. The conductance of the single junctions has a V-shape cusp at zero bias typical of a
nodal order parameter such as p-wave. In the double S/F device the non-local conductance at low
energies is positive and larger in the parallel state than in the anti-parallel state by 30%. The same
effect was found in multiple S/F junctions in parallel. The results can be explained by an odd triplet
order parameter inside S, up to a distance of 150nm from the S/F interface.
M-O-114

Structure and electric transport in LaCo2/3Cu1/3O3

M. DLOUHA1, J. HEJTMANEK2, Z. JIRAK2, K. KNIZEK2, M. VEVERKA2 and S. VRATISLAV1


1
Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering, Czech Technical University, Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC
2
Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC
maja.dlouha@fjfi.cvut.cz

The interest in LaCoO3-derived systems is associated with the spin state transitions in cobalt
ions. The ground state of pure LaCoO3 is based on diamagnetic low-spin (LS, t2g6, S=0) Co3+ states
while paramagnetic high-spin (HS, t2g4eg2, S=2) or intermediate-spin (IS, t2g5eg1, S=1) Co3+ species are
populated by thermal excitation. The low-temperature LS phase is insulating with gap of about 2 eV,
but extra charge carriers can be introduced by a chemical substitution. The experiments on lightly
doped La1-xSrxCoO3 show that each hole carrier (formally Co4+) converts the neighboring LS Co3+ ions
to the paramagnetic IS ones. A mobile polaron (or droplet of IS phase) of large total spin S=5-10 is
thus formed [1-3]. With increasing doping, the droplets delocalize into larger clusters and finally, a
homogeneous metallic IS phase (t2g5ζ*(1-x)) with FM ordering is established for x>0.20. Recent
experiments on analogous hole doped system LaCo1-yMgyO3 and its electron doped counterpart LaCo1-
yTiyO3 have shown that the magnetic polarons are formed for both types of carriers [4]. A specific
property of lightly doped LaCo1-yTiyO3 is the temperature dependence of electrical resistivity, ~1/T,
observed in the range of ≈50 - 350 K where the resistivity is changed by about four orders. The
exponent in the power-law formula seems to scale inversely with the doping,  ≈ 8 and 4 for y=0.02
and 0.05, respectively. These findings are in a striking contrast with the standard Arrhenius
dependence ~exp(EA/kT), expressing the carrier density or mobility activation in semiconductors or
mixed-valency oxides, and with Mott‘s formula for ―variable range hopping‖ as well. The strongly
non-Arrhenius type of electrical resistivity should be thus related to a highly non-uniform character of
the samples, where conducting and non-conducting paths are randomly distributed. A general problem
of percolation and Anderson localization is thus evoked.
In the course of a more extensive investigation, a mixed system LaCo2/3Cu1/3O3 has been
prepared and characterized by means of the X-ray and neutron diffraction, magnetic and electric
transport measurements. The compound is found to be paramagnetic down to the helium temperature.
The average valency of the transition metals is determined to Co3.12+ and Cu2.7+. The thermopower data
indicate that the low-temperature electrical properties are dominated by the hole carrier transport in the
LS Co3+ background while electron carriers in the copper subsystem are apparently immobile.
Compared to the above mentioned systems LaCo1-yTiyO3, the resistivity in LaCo2/3Cu1/3O3 is to four
orders of magnitude lower. Nevertheless, a similar power-law dependence ~1/T ( ≈ 3), extending to
the lowest temperatures, is evidenced.

[1] S. Yamaguchi, Y. Okimoto, H. Taniguchi, Y. Tokura, Phys. Rev. B 53, R2926 (1996).
[2] D. Phelan et al., Phys. Rev. Letts 96, 027201 (2006); Phys. Rev. Letts 97, 235501 (2006).
[3] A. Podlesnyak, K. Conder, E. Pomjakushina, et al., J. Magn. Magn. Mat. 310, 1552 (2007).
[4] Z. Jirak, J. Hejtmanek, K. Knizek and M. Veverka, Phys. Rev. B 78, 014432 (2008).
M-O-115

Using disorder for phase control in the manganites

PINAKI MAJUMDAR 1, KALPATARU PRADHAN 2 and ANAMITRA MUKHERJEE 3


1
Harish-Chandra Research Institute, Chhatnag Road, Jhusi, Allahabad 211019, INDIA
2
Department of Physics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginina 23284, USA
3
Department of Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
pinaki@hri.res.in

One can generate highly inhomogeneous phase coexistent states in the manganites A_{1-
x}A'_xMnO_3 by dilute substitution on the Mn site. On suitable choice of the reference manganite
state, and the valence and magnetic character of the dopant, a cluster coexistent state of two competing
phases can be created. There is a wealth of data on such `B site' substitution on the x= 0.5 charge
ordered manganites, as well as the x \sim 0.33-0.40 ferromagnetic metal. The results of substitution
vary widely, depending on x, the bandwidth of the manganite, and the choice of dopant. While some
choice of dopants lead to a phase coexistent state, others lead to a nanoscale correlated glassy phase.
We provide a minimal model for B site impurities in manganite hosts, and solve this disordered strong
coupling problem through a real space Monte Carlo technique. In addition to the detailed numerical
results on the spatial organisation we are able to identify the hierarchy of physical effects that control
the impact of B dopants on the manganites, and organise a wide variety of puzzling experimental data.

[1] Kalpataru Pradhan, Anamitra Mukherjee and Pinaki Majumdar ―Exploiting B Site Disorder for
Phase Control in the Manganites‖ Europhys. Lett. 84, 37007 (2008).
[2] Kalpataru Pradhan, Anamitra Mukherjee, and Pinaki Majumdar ―Distinct Effects of Homogeneous
Weak Disorder and Dilute Strong Scatterers on Phase Competetion in the Manganites‖ Phys. Rev.
Lett. 99, 147206 (2007).
M-O-117

Fe/MgO/Ge(001) heterostructures for spin dependent transport

D. PETTI, M. CANTONI, C. RINALDI, S. BRIVIO and R. BERTACCO

L-NESS center, Politecnico di Milano, via Anzani, 42 22100 Como, ITALY


daniela.petti@mail.polimi.it

The injection of spin-polarized electrons from a ferromagnetic electrode (F) into non-magnetic
semiconductors (SC) has been a topic of growing importance during these years. A fundamental
obstacle to the spin filtering at F/SC interfaces is the conductivity mismatch [1] between the two
materials, responsible for the current depolarization and the decrease of spin injection efficiency. This
problem can be overcome by inserting a potential barrier between F and SC [2]. Particularly appealing
is the case of an epitaxial MgO tunneling barrier, which represents also an effective spin filter if
coupled with transition metal like Fe, FeCo or Co [3].
The aim of this work is the study and the realization of a Fe/MgO/Ge heterostructure for spin
transport measurements. The choice of Ge as semiconductor is justified by the high mobility of its
carriers, the possibility of creating a spin polarized current through optical pumping and the possibility
of spin manipulation through spin-orbit coupling.
So far, to our knowledge, epitaxial growth of the Fe/MgO/Ge heterostructure has never been
reported. For this reason, an optimization of the molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) process was required.
Three issues were addressed for the optimization of the oxide deposition: (i) Ge surface preparation
and termination; (ii) growth temperature, (iii) post-annealing treatments. Both the interfaces Fe/MgO
and MgO/Ge were characterized in situ, chemically by means of X-Ray photoelectron spectroscopy
(XPS), structurally by means of low energy electron diffraction (LEED), reflected high energy electron
diffraction (RHEED) and X-Ray photoelectron diffraction (XPD); ex situ and morphologically by
atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM). In
optimized conditions, the samples present low roughness, sharp interfaces and good epitaxy, satisfying
the fundamental requirements for effective spin dependent transport. The epitaxial relationship found
in the heterostructures is Fe[100]|| MgO[110]||Ge[100](100), different from that of very similar
systems (e.g. cube on cube growth of MgO/GaAs).
Transport measurements on tunnelling junction on substrates with different doping show the
efficacy of MgO barrier to overcome the problem of the conductivity mismatch.
Preliminary spin dependent transport measurements have been performed in photodiodes,
where a spin polarized photocurrent is induced in Ge through circularly polarized light, and then the
spin of the carriers is analyzed thanks to the Fe upper electrode.

[1] G. Schmidt, D. Ferrand, L. W. Molenkamp, A. T. Filip, B. J. van Wees, Phys. Rev. B 62 R4790
(2000).
[2] A. Fert, H. Jaffrés, Phys. Rev. B 64 184420 (2001).
[3] W. H. Butler, X.-G. Zhang, T. C. Schulthess, J. M. MacLaren Phys. Rev. B 63 054416 (2001).
M-O-118

Magnetoelectric effects in Fe/BaTiO3(001) interfaces for spintronics devices

S. BRIVIO, D. PETTI, M. CANTONI, C. RINALDI and R. BERTACCO

L-NESS center, Politecnico di Milano, via Anzani, 42 22100 Como, ITALY


daniela.petti@mail.polimi.it & riccardo.bertacco@polimi.it

The interplay between ferroelectricity and magnetism allows for the magnetic control of
ferroelectric properties and electric control of magnetic properties, opening the way to novel device
concepts, as in the case of ferroelectric and multiferroic tunnel junctions [1].
Fe and BaTiO3 are the prototypical examples of FM and FE materials, respectively, with Curie
temperatures well above room temperature, so that the study of heterostructures made of these
materials is particularly appealing. In this context, the study of magnetoelectric effects at the Fe/ BTO
interface has been carried out, stimulated by the pioneering work by Duan et al [2].
Thin Fe film of different thicknesses (2 to 8nm) have been grown on BTO crystals by
Molecular Beam Epitaxy (MBE). The magnetic characterization has been performed via Magneto
Optical Kerr Effect (MOKE) at different temperatures and with different applied voltages in order to
probe magnetoelectric effects. At room temperature we measured a significant change in the coercive
fields (up to 30%) and in the amplitudes of the hysteresis loops (up to 20%) as a function of the
applied voltage. While the coercive field variations can be ascribed to strain effects, the amplitude
(which is proportional to the magnetization) depends on the direction of the polarization of BTO,
following the FE hystheresis loop.
Fully epitaxial Fe/BTO/Nb:STO structures have been grown: the presence of thin BTO films
permit to achieve higher interface quality and to apply lower voltages, thus leading to better
reproducibility. The first results on the electric control of the magnetization of a spintronic device
grown on these thin BTO layer will be presented.

[1] M. Ye. Zhuravlev, R. F. Sabirianov, S. S. Jaswal, and E. Y. Tsymbal , Phys. Rev. Lett. 94 246802
(2005).
[2] C.-G. Duan, S. S. Jaswal, E. Y. Tsymbal, Phys. Rev. Lett. 97 047201 (2006).
M-O-119

Magnetoresistance of multilayer ferromagnetic nanoparticles

S.N.VDOVICHEV, A.A.FRAERMAN, B.A.GRIBKOV, S.A.GUSEV, A.YU.KLIMOV,


V.L.MIRONOV and V.V.ROGOV

Institute for Physics of Microstructures, Russian Academy of Science, Nizhniy Novgorod, RUSSIA
vdovichev@ipm.sci-nnov.ru

The interest to multilayer system consists from ferromagnetic layers is due to possibility of
fabrication of new type of data storage [1]. In general case, distribution of magnetization in laterally-
confined magnetic multilayer is noncollinear and strongly depends on number of magnetic layers due
to their magnetostatic interaction [2]. Magnetic anisotropy (K) of the system is determined by
eccentricity of the particles. Interaction between magnetic layers due to magnetostatic interaction leads
to their ―antiferromagnetic‖ coupling with strength J. Behavior of the system in external magnetic field
is determined by interplay of the two factors. If J>K, noncollinear phase is possible. In opposite case
(J<K), only collinear states exist.
In the report the connection between magnetic states and transport properties of such systems is
discussed. We observed the tunnel magnetoresistance in CPP geometry of the particle
CoFe/TaOx/CoFe with different lateral sizes fabricated by electron lithography. The transport
measurement of tunnel magnetoresistanse and magnetic force microscopy measurements of two layer
magnetic particle can give more information about the magnetization process of such particle. Such
information can be interested both for application and fundamental interest [3]. ―Flip-flop‖ switching
between magnetic states of two layer magnetic particle (magnetic tunnel junction) is demonstrated.
Dependence of switching process from later size of particle and magnetoresistance of multilayer
ferromagnetic nanoparticles are discussed.
The work was supported by the RFBR, by Russian Federal Educational Agency (contract № P
417), by BRHE #Y4-P-01-09, Russian Federation President's grant for support of young scientists
(Grant № МК-4508.2009.2).

[1] Jian-Gang Zhu, Proceedings of IEEE, V.96, N.11, p.1786, (2008).


[2] A. A. Fraerman et al, J. of Appl. Phys. 103, 073916, (2008).
[3] D. C. Worledge Appl. Phys. Lett. 84, 4559, (2004)
M-O-121

Study of low temperature glassy phase in Gd0.5Sr0.5MnO3 single crystals

ADITYA A. WAGH, P. S. ANIL KUMAR, H. L. BHAT and SUJA ELIZABETH

Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science, C V Raman Avenue, Bangalore 560012, INDIA
liz@physics.iisc.ernet.in

Orthorhombic Gadolinium Manganite is interesting as it has been reported to show the


development of spontaneous electric polarization in the presence of external magnetic ※elds [1]. Effect
of hole-doping in this multiferroic manganite is not well explored though one report on half-doped
polycrystalline samples revealed charge ordering at low temperature [2]. We have grown single
crystals of Gd0.5Sr0.5MnO3 (GSMO) by float zone method and investigated their magnetic and
transport properties in detail.
The crystals exhibited rapid increase in resistance as temperature is lowered, possibly due to
localization of charges [2]. In the presence of external magnetic field the charges become itinerant.
Consequent to the field induced metal insulator transition for fields above 8 Tesla, GSMO exhibited a
very high magnetoresistance, of the order of 109. Magnetization studies revealed a similar field
induced transition to ferromagnetic (FM) phase. Detailed investigations indicated that this field
induced transition from insulating to ferromagnetic metallic phase is a first order transition. However,
certain anomalies such as open hysteresis loop in field variation of magnetization and temperature
variation of resistance are observed at low temperature. The low temperature behavior is further
probed by measuring the temperature dependence of ac susceptibility under the applied ac magnetic
field of 170 mOe for five different frequencies (42, 420, 1000, 42000 and 10000 Hz). Out of phase
component of the ac susceptibility shows a cusp at about 34 K which shifts to higher temperature, with
increasing frequency. Dynamical scaling analysis was performed using the relation

 
 zv
    T f'  Tg / Tg  where, Tf‘ is the freezing temperature determined from the imaginary part of

and the
critical temperature for glass transition Tg, (Tg = Tf‘ as f tends to zero), are determined. Magnetic
relaxation measurements have been carried out to probe the glassy dynamics at low temperatures. The
results obtained will be discussed in detail.

[1] T. Kimura, G. Lawes, T. Goto, Y. Tokura and A.P. Ramirez, Phys. Rev. B 71, 224425 (2005).
[2] B. Garcia-Landa, J.M. De Terasa and M.R. Ibarra, J. Appl. Phys. 83, 7664 (1998).
M-O-122

Giant magnetic anisotropy changes in Sr2CrReO6 thin films on BaTiO3

FRANZ D. CZESCHKA, STEPHAN GEPRÄGS, MATTHIAS OPEL,


SEBASTIAN T.B. GOENNENWEIN and RUDOLF GROSS

Walther-Meißner-Institut, Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, 85748 Garching GERMANY


franz.czeschka@wmi.badw.de

The integration of ferromagnetic and ferroelectric materials into hybrid heterostructures leads
to systems with improved or even novel functionality. We here discuss the properties of the
ferromagnetic double perovskite Sr2CrReO6, deposited as a thin film onto ferroelectric BaTiO3 single
crystal substrates via pulsed laser deposition. High resolution x-ray diffraction evidences the high
crystalline quality of the epitaxial Sr2CrReO6 layers. Temperature dependent electrical transport and
SQUID measurements show abrupt changes both in resistivity and magnetization at the temperatures
of the BaTiO3 phase transitions. Furthermore, the coercive field abruptly changes by more than 1.2 T
at the BaTiO3 phase transitions. These observations reveal a giant change of the magnetic anisotropy in
the Sr2CrReO6 thin film associated with the crystalline phase transitions of the substrate. We attribute
these effects to the high sensitivity of the double perovskites to mechanical deformation.

Financial support by the DFG via SPP 1157 and 1285, GO 944/3 and the Excellence Cluster
―Nanoinitiative Munich‖ is greatfully acknowledged.

[1] F.D. Czeschka et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 062508 (2009).
M-O-123

Magnetic properties and magnetocaloric effect of Ce2GdCo11B4 boride

N. KERVAN1, H. AGIL3, S. KERVAN1, H. SOZERI2 and A. GENCER3


1
Nevşehir University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Physics Department, 50300, Nevşehir, TURKEY
2
TUBİTAK-UME, National Metrology Institute,P.O. Box 54, 41470 Gebze-Kocaeli, TURKEY
3
Ankara University, Faculty of Sciences, Physics Department, 06100, Beşevler, Ankara, TURKEY
nazmiye.kervan@nevsehir.edu.tr

Magnetic properties and magnetocaloric effects of Ce2GdCo11B4 compound were studied by


means of X-ray diffraction and magnetization measurements. The sample was prepared by arc-
melting. The compound crystallizes in a hexagonal Ce3Co11B4-type structure with P6/mmm space
group. Ce2GdCo11B4 compound orders ferrimagnetically at TC=301 K. A compensation point at
Tcomp.=40 K was found. The maximum magnetic entropy change |∆Smax| of Ce2GdCo11B4 is 0.306 Jkg–
1 –1
K for a field change of 0–5 T. The Arrott plots show that magnetic phase transition at the Curie
temperature is second-order.
MAGNETISM

POSTER PRESENTATION
M-P-001

The magnetic properties of the Spin-1 Ising System with the effect of the transverse crystal field

S. BOUHOU1, I. ESSAOUDI1, A. AINANE1, M. SABER1, M. KEROUAD1 and F. DUJARDIN2


1
Laboratoire de Physique des Matériaux et Modélisation des Systèmes
(LP2MS) unité associée au CNRST,
University of Moulay Ismail, Faculty of Sciences, Physics Department
B.P. 11201, Meknes, MOROCCO
and
2
Laboratoire de Physique des Milieux Denses (LPMD) Institut de
Chimie, Physique et Matériaux (ICPM), 1 Bd. Arago, 57070, Metz, FRANCE
ainane@pks.mpg.de

Within the framework of the effective-field theory with a probability distribution technique,
that accounts for the self spin correlations, we study the magnetic properties of the spin-1 Ising system
with the transverse crystal field and the applied external magnetic field.
The influence of the transverse crystal field on the phase diagrams, hysteresis loops and
susceptibility is discussed in detail.
M-P-002

Effects of biaxial crystal-field on the magnetic properties on a Spin-1 Ising System

H. MAGOUSSI1, I. ESSAOUDI1, A. AINANE1, 2, 3, M. SABER1, 2, M. KEROUAD1 and


F. DUJARDIN3
1
Laboratoire de Physique des Matériaux et Modélisation des Systèmes (LP2MS) unité associée au CNRST,
University of Moulay Ismail, Faculty of Sciences, Physics Department, B.P. 11201, Meknes, MOROCCO
2
Max Planck Institut für Physik Complexer Systeme, D-01187 Dresden, GERMANY
3
Laboratoire de Physique des Milieux Denses (LPMD) Institut de Chimie, Physique et Matériaux (ICPM), 1 Bd. Arago,
57070, Metz, FRANCE
ainane@pks.mpg.de

Within the effective field theory (EFT) with a probability distribution technique that accounts for the
self spin correlation functions, the magnetic properties such as the hysteresis loops, susceptibility and
magnetization of a spin-1 Ising system with effects of a biaxial crystal-field are studied. The effects of
the biaxial crystal-field on the magnetic properties are discussed and numerical results are performed
and analyzed for the cases of the honeycomb lattice. A number of interesting phenomena such as the
shape of the hysteresis loops and the susceptibility have been found
M-P-003

Ferromagnetic resonance in double perovskite La2NiMnO6 epitaxial thin films

A. INTEPE1, S. KAZAN2, B. RAMEEV2, F. MIKAILZADE2, M. ÖZDEMIR3 and A. GUPTA4


1
Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Duzce University, 81620, Düzce, TURKEY
2
Department of Physics, Gebze Institute of Technology, Gebze, 41400, Kocaeli, TURKEY
3
Department of Physics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Marmara University, Göztepe Istanbul, TURKEY
4
University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, USA
aliyeintepe@duzce.edu.tr

This paper presents the results of the first room temperature ferromagnetic resonance (FMR)
studies of epitaxial thin films of La2NiMnO6 deposited on SrTiO3 (STO) and NdGaO3 (NGO)
substrates. The La2NiMnO6 thin films were deposited on STO (cubic, with (001) orientation) and NGO
(orthorhombic, with (110) orientation) substrates by the pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique by
using a sintered, stoichiometric, and monophasic La2NiMnO6 target [1].
The field derivative of FMR spectra were taken on Bruker EMX electron spin resonance
spectrometer at X-band frequency (9.8 GHz). The angular dependence of the FMR spectra was studied
by varying the direction of the external magnetic field with respect to the crystalline axes in the two
standard experimental geometries: in the sample plane (in-plane geometry) and out of the sample plane
towards the film normal (out-of-plane geometry).
The measurements revealed the FMR spectra at room temperature above the Curie temperature
(280 K) of this compound, which confirms the suggestion about the presence of short-range magnetic
ordering in La2NiMnO6 at the temperatures up to 400 K, made in [2]. Additionally, best fitting of FMR
spectra has been made on the assumption about the coexistence of two magnetic phases in the double
perovskite crystal structure of La2NiMnO6. The FMR signals of the films on STO and NGO substrates
are characterized by four-fold and two-fold in-plane symmetries respectively, which indicates an
epitaxial growth of the La2NiMnO6 films on the substrates, where the growth process can cause
difference in magnetocrystalline anisotropy of LNMO films grown on the substrates with different
crystal symmetry and orientations.
The authors are indebted to Research Projects Commission of Gebze Institute of Technology
for supporting this work by the Grant No. 2009-A11 and to The Scientific & Technological Research
Council of Turkey (TÜBİTAK) for supporting by Project. No. 106M540.

[1] H. Guo, J. Burgess, S. Street, A. Gupta, T. G. Calvarese, and M. A. Subramanian, Appl. Phys. Lett.
89, 022509 (2006).
[2] M. N. Iliev, H. Guo, and A. Gupta, Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 151914 (2007).
M-P-004

Magnetic resonance studies of Co implanted BaTiO3

A.G. SALE1, S. KAZAN1, N. KHALITOV2, JU.I. GATIIATOVA2, V.F. VALEEV2,


R.I. KHAIBULLIN2 and F.A. MIKAILZADE1
1
Department of Physics, Gebze Institute of Technology, Gebze, 41400, Kocaeli, TURKEY
2
Kazan Physical-Technical Institute, 10/7, Sibirsky Trakt, 420029, Kazan, RUSSIA
agonan@gyte.edu.tr

This paper presents the results of magnetization and magnetic resonance studies of Co
implanted BaTiO3 single crystal. The samples were prepared by Co ion implantation into (100)
oriented single crystalline plates of BaTiO3 substrates with 40 keV Co ions at the fluencies between
0.5×1017 and 1.5×1017 ion/cm2 and with a current density of 8 µA/cm2.
Ferromagnetic Resonance (FMR) absorption spectra of Co-implanted BaTiO3 crystals were
obtained using Bruker EMX Electron Spin Resonance spectrometer at X-band frequency of 9.8 GHz.
The magnetic resonance spectra recorded at room temperature and various orientations of implanted
surface with respect to the applied DC magnetic field (H). The magnetization measurements made by J
Meter (Coercivity Spectrometer) at parallel and perpendicular orientations of the applied magnetic film
with respect to the implanted surface plane at room temperature.
It has been revealed that the implantation of Co into single-crystal BaTiO3 on different doses of
metal concentrations produces a remarkable ferromagnetic behavior. The magnetization and FMR
spectra measured at different crystalline orientations of substrate with the respect to the applied
magnetic field show an out-of-plane uniaxial magnetic anisotropy in Co-implanted BaTiO3. The
observed phenomena are discussed on the base of strong magnetic dipolar interaction between Co
nanoparticles due to diminishing of interparticle distance with increasing of implantation dose.
The authors from Gebze Institute of Technology are indebted to Research Projects Commission
of Gebze Institute of Technology for supporting this work by the Grant No. 2009-A11. The authors
from Kazan Physical-Technical Institute, Russia, acknowledge support through the RFFI, Grant No.
07-02-00559, OFN RAN Programme "New materials and structures'', and Russian Federal Agency on
Education, contract P902.
M-P-005

Room-temperature ferromagnetisms in Ni-implanted ZnO thin films

C. OKAY1, B.Z. RAMEEV2, 3, R.I. KHAIBULLIN2, R.R. KHAKIMOVA2, S. GÜLER3, B. AKTAS3,


N. AKDOGAN3 and A. NEFEDOV4
1
Marmara University, 81040 Goztepe- Istanbul, TURKEY
2
Kazan Physical-Technical Institute of RAS, 420029 Kazan, RUSSIA
3
Gebze Institute of Technology, 41400 Gebze-Kocaeli, TURKEY
4
Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie I, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D44780 Bochum, GERMANY
cokay@marmara.edu.tr

In last decades, ZnO films doped with transitions elements (Co, Ni, Fe, V, etc.) have been
widely studied as diluted magnetic semiconductors (DMS) due to their potential applications in
spintronics. This field exists between the magnetism and semiconductor electronics. The advantages of
using ferromagnetic semiconductors are based on their potential as spin polarized carrier sources and
easy integration into the conventional electronics.
In this study, the room-temperature ferromagnetism has been observed in the epitaxial (0001)
ZnO films implanted with 40 keV Ni+ ions to the fluences of 0.25-1.251017 ions/cm2. The origin of
magnetic phenomena have been investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force
microscopy (AFM), optical spectroscopy (OS), ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) and vibrating sample
magnetometry (VSM) techniques. SEM and AFM studies show that the surface of non-implanted ZnO
thin film is very smooth, while appearance of micro-cracks is observed in the Ni-implanted ZnO
samples. With increasing fluences (concentration) of the implanted nickel ions, as-implanted ZnO
films reveal sequentially paramagnetic, superparamagnetic and ferromagnetic responses at room
temperature. Spectroscopic studies (OS and FMR) indicated that the room-temperature
ferromagnetism is induced by the formation of Ni metal nanophase (nanoparticles) in as-implanted
samples. On the next stage the samples were annealed at T=1000oC during 30 minutes in air. It has
been found that annealing procedure results in diffusing the most of Ni impurity out of the ZnO matrix,
as well in the formation of antiferromagnetic phase of NiO embedded in ZnO matrix. Moreover, as a
result of post-implanting thermal treatment the samples became smooth and fully transparent.
Interestingly the weak ferromagnetism has been observed in the annealed Ni-implanted ZnO samples
too. The weak room-temperature ferromagnetism in these samples possible originates from the
presence of complex core-shell type Ni/NiO nanoparticles.

The authors acknowledge support through DPT (State Planning Organization of Turkey),
project No 2009K120730, RFBI-TUBITAK Programme, grant 10-02-91225_CT, and Russian Federal
Agency on Education, contract P902.
M-P-006

Ferromagnetism of electron gas

H. GHOLIZADE and M. MOMENI

University of Tehran, PO Box: 14395-998, Tehran, IRAN


gholizade@ut.ac.ir

In current work, we investigate the density and temperature dependence of polarization


parameter; using the relativistic formalism for the electron-electron interaction within the Fermi liquid
model. We calculate the spin dependent scattering matric elements in relativistic region, and then
obtain the non-relativistic behavior to study the magnetic properties of an electron gas. By varying the
polarization parameter, we minimized the free energy and then obtain the polarization of the system as
a function of density and temperature. At zero temperature the exact results for polarization and
magnetic susceptibility have obtained. It has been shown that for a given temperature (density) there is
critical density (temperature) that the ferromagnetic phase can appears in electron gas. Our results
show that at nonzero temperatures and in very low and very hight densities the ferromagnetism phase
can not be exist.
M-P-007

Magnetic behavior of polycarbosilazane –CoII, -CoIII and mixed valence –CoII-III chloride
metallopolymers

H.M. EL GHANEM 1, I.M. ARAFA 2 and Y.A. HAMAM 3

1- Physics Department, Jordan University of Science and Tech. 22110 Irbid JORDAN
2-Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Jordan University of Science and Tech. Irbid 22110 JORDAN
3- Physics Department, Yarmouk University, 211-63 Irbid JORDAN
hmel@just.edu.jo

The magnetization data ( M versus H and M versus T) of Bis- ethylenediamine –CoII, -CoIII and
mixed valence–CoII-III chloride complexes and poly ethylenediamine carbosilazane (PEDCSZ)
macromolecules were recorded using a computer controlled vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM)
incorporating a 9-Tesla superconducting magnet in the temperature range 2K to 300K.
The saturation magnetization at 4.2K for CoIII was higher than that for CoII and mixed valence
II-III
Co samples respectively. While at T≥40K, the M versus H was linear up to 9-Tesla. The derivative
of dM /dT at constant H calculated from the M versus T data at constant H shows a sharp minimum at
about 17K for the three samples. The plots of the inverse of the initial susceptibility at constant
magnetic field H for the three samples goes through a minimum at about17K. The plots of the inverse
of the high field susceptibility calculated in the range 7 to 9 Teslas show a minimum at about the same
temperature found previously in the plots of the initial susceptibility and dM/dT .of about 17K.
The reduced magnetization (the paramagnetic contribution) of the three samples were fitted
with a Langevin function, from which the average magnetic dipole moment of the samples was
estimated and found to be around 32 Bohr magnetons. The magnetic data for the three samples were
analyzed on the basis of weak antiferromagnetic coupling between CoIII and CoII, in consistence with
previous results on the dielectric properties of those samples (El Ghanem etal)1 and with the magnetic
behavior of FeII, FeIII and mixed valence FeII-III metallopolyemers ( Hamam et. Al)2.

[1] H.M. El Ghanem, S. Abdul Jawad, J. Aljundi, F. Afaneh and I. Arafa, Electrical properties of
macromolecular complexes of coordinated polymers with mixed valence of Co(II) , Co (III) and Co
(II-III) Poly. Int. 52. Notherland (2003).
[2] Y.A. Hamam, H.M. El-Ghanem, I.M. Arafa, M.R. Said and I. Abu-Aljarayesh, Magnetic behavior
of polycarbosilazane –FeII, –FeIII and mixed-valence –FeII – III chloride metallopolymers Polym Int
55 (2006).
M-P-008

Magnetic properties of Ce3-xGdxCo11B4 borides

N. KERVAN1, H. AGIL3, S. KERVAN1, H. SOZERI2 and A. GENCER3


1
Nevşehir University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Physics Department, 50300, Nevşehir, TURKEY
2
TUBİTAK-UME, National Metrology Institute,P.O. Box 54, 41470 Gebze-Kocaeli, TURKEY
3
Ankara University, Faculty of Sciences, Physics Department, 06100, Beşevler, Ankara, TURKEY
agil@science.ankara.edu.tr

The structure and magnetic properties of Ce3-xGdxCo11B4 borides have been studied by X-ray
powder diffraction (XRPD), magnetization and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)
measurements. X-ray analysis reveals that the compounds crystallize in the hexagonal Ce3Co11B4-type
structure with P6/mmm space group. The substitution of Gd for Ce leads to an increase of the unit-cell
parameters a and the unit-cell volume V, while the unit-cell parameter c decreases linearly. Magnetic
measurements indicate that all samples are ordered magnetically below the Curie temperature. The
Curie temperatures increase as Ce is substituted by Gd. The saturation magnetization at 4 K decreases
upon the Gd substitution up to x=1, and then increases.
M-P-009

Computational modelling of glass forming ability and critical diameter of magnetic bulk
amorphous alloys

M. KABAER and I. KUCUK

Physics Department, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Uludag University, Gorukle Campus, 16059 Bursa, TURKEY
mkabaer@hotmail.com

Recently, there are many researches to fabricate bulk amorphous alloys in different systems,
with different geometries and good magnetic characteristics for specific applications [1], because these
materials have a potential to replace the conventional Fe-Si laminations, amorphous and nano-
crystalline ribbons for design of new devices. Their main advantage consists of the ease of formation
in bulk shapes owing to their large glass-forming ability and critical diameter or thickness [2].
This study presents an artificial neural network and genetic algorithm to estimate glass forming
ability and critical diameter of magnetic bulk amorphous alloys using previously reported data in the
literature. The developed network has been trained by genetic algorithm. The model can be assist in
prediction to relation between the chemical compositions and the glass forming ability of magnetic
bulk amorphous alloys.

[1] C. Suryanarayana, I. Seki, A. Inoue, J. Non.-Cryst. Solids 355, 355-360 (2009).


[2] N. Lupu, H. Chiriac, J. Optoelectron. Adv. M. 4, 207-216 (2002).
M-P-010

Effects of Mo and W on soft magnetic properties of melt-spun Fe-Co-B-Si-Mo-W amorphous


ribbons

I. KUCUK1, O. UZUN2, M. AYKOL3, N. DUMAN3, A. O. MEKHRABOV3, F. YILMAZ2 and


M. V. AKDENIZ3
1
Physics Department, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Uludag University, Gorukle Campus, 16059 Bursa, TURKEY
2
Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Arts, Gaziosmanpasa University, 60240, Tokat, TURKEY
3
Novel Alloys Design and Development Laboratory (NOVALAB), Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering,
Middle East Technical University, 06531 Ankara, TURKEY
ikucuk@uludag.edu.tr

Soft ferromagnetic materials with the high saturation magnetization and low coercivity are
required for the commercial applications, such as, micro-inductors, transformers and sensors [1]. A lot
of compositions have been studied with the aim of improving soft magnetic properties of the
amorphous alloys in as cast bulk and melt-spun ribbon forms [2].
In this study, the effects of Mo and W additions on the soft magnetic properties of Fe-Co-B
based amorphous ribbons produced by melt spinning have been investigated. X-ray diffraction was
conducted with Rigaku D/MAX 2200 by monochromatic CuK radiation to evaluate whether the
analyzed region of the specimen is amorphous or retains crystalline phases. Magnetic measurements
were carried out with an ADE Magnetics EV9 vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) with maximum
magnetic field strength of 1750 kA/m. The room temperature saturation magnetizations (Js) and
coercivities (Hc) of Fe36Co36B19.2Si4.8Mo4-xWx (x=0, 1, 2, 3) melt-spun amorphous ribbons are
measured in the range of 1.5 T - 1.8 T and 10 A/m - 50 A/m, respectively. The results show that the
melt-spun amorphous ribbons produced by melt spinning have good soft magnetic properties.

[1] H. Chiriac, M. Tibu, A.E. Moga, D.D. Herea, J. Magn. Mag. Mater. 293, 671 (2005).
[2] A. Inoue, X. M. Wang, W. Zhang, Rev. Adv. Mater. Sci. 18, 1 (2008).
M-P-011

Structural and magnetic properties of (Sn,Mn)0.2Cr1.8-xFexO3 compounds

KALENGAY MBELA1, T. MOYO 1and J.Z. MSOMI2


1
Department of Physics, University of KwaZulu-Nata,l Durban 4000, SOUTH AFRICA
2
Department of Physics, University of Free State, phuthaditjhaba 9966, SOUTH AFRICA
mbelak@ukzn.ac.za

We have investigated single phase formation in a series of (Sn, Mn)0.2 Cr1.8 x Fe x O 3 produced
by low temperature synthesis based on hydrothermal process in a reflux system and in a stirred
pressure reactor. The evolution of the properties is investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and by
magnetic measurements. Evidence of successful Sn or Mn incorporation into the corundum structure is
obtained. 57 Fe Mössbauer spectra show the materials to be paramagnetic for Fe concentration x  0.5
and in ordered magnetic state at higher concentration. Rietveld structure refinement of the XRD
spectra is employed in the analysis.
M-P-012

Paramagnetic to ferromagnetic to reentrant paramagnetic and spin-glass behavior

K.A. AZEZ

Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Jordan Univ. of Science and Technology, Irbid, JORDAN
Khalaf@just.edu.jo

Binary Fe_1-x Al_x magnetic alloys, with x near 0.3, exhibit anomalous behavior. For x = 0.3, a
paramagnetic (PM) to ferromagnetic (T_C \simeq 430 K) to reentrant PM (T_c^inv \simeq 170 K )
sequence of phase transitions are observed, followed at even lower temperatures by a spin-glass
transition (T_f \simeq 90 K). We have studied this anomalous Fe_0.7Al_0.3 system where small
substitutions of ferromagnetic Co, and the 3d electron systems Mn, V, and Ti have been made for Fe,
i.e., Fe_0.7-x Al_0.3 M_x for (x < 0.2) and for M = Co, Mn, V, Ti. The substitution of even tiny amounts
of Co suppress completely the reentrant PM phase transition, whereas substitutions of 3d metals show
behavior similar to the reentrant PM transition for x < 0.4 and a classic PM to spin glass transition for
larger x. T_f decreases significantly with x in the latter cases. The temperature dependence of the
relaxation dynamics are determined from the ac measurements.
M-P-013

Magnetic and structural properties of nanogranular Co/Zn-ZnO films

L. VLAD, P. PASCARIU, S.I. TANASE, D. PINZARU, M. DOBROMIR and V. GEORGESCU

Faculty of Physics “Al. I. Cuza” University, Iasi 700506, ROMANIA


laviniavlad@gmail.com

Magnetic granular thin films composed of ferromagnetic metal grains embedded in


paramagnetic or diamagnetic isolator/semiconductor have attracted a great interest in recent years
owing to their magnetic and transport properties suitable for technological applications. Phase diagram
of Co-Zn alloys [1] shows the limited solubility of the components; this could be a favourable
condition for obtaining granular alloys. The electrodeposition of cobalt-zinc alloys is anomalous [2],
with preferential deposition of zinc; therefore the study of thin films preparation conditions is of
interest.
In this study, the nanogranular thin films based on the Co/Zn-ZnO system were
electrodeposited onto a copper substrate, in a single sulphate bath based on: ZnSO4 x 7H2O, CoSO4 x
7H2O, H3BO3 and some additional substances. The Co, Zn metals and a series of Co-Zn nanogranular
films were electrolytic grown under otherwise identical conditions, using potentiostatic control. We
have studied the structural, magnetic and transport properties of these samples. The samples were
characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).
The magnetic measurements were carried out at room temperature with a torsion magnetometer
in 300 kA/m maximum field and by an induction type device with data acquisition system. Magnetic
properties were strongly dependent on the cathode potential during the electrodeposition process,
which determined the film composition. Magnetoresistance (MR) measurements at room temperature
were carried out by 2-terminals method using current in plane configuration with magnetic field of 
300 kA/m applied perpendicular to the current, in the film plane. In some conditions, we have obtained
nanogranular Co/Zn- ZnO films with magnetoresistance of the order of 150%. The enhancing in GMR
in these Co/Zn-ZnO nanogranular films could be an effect of the increase in electron scattering at
interface between nano-structured magnetic Co grains embedded in Zn-Zn oxide matrix (produced
during electrodeposition and improved by thermal treatment).

[1] E. Gómez, X. Alcobe, E. Vallés, Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry 505, 54-61 (2001)
[2] Jie Zou, David N. Lambeth, David. E. Laughlin, Patent No. US 6432563 B1, Aug. 13 (2002).
M-P-014

Microstructure analysis of Co ferrite and Zn ferrite nano powders by means of XRD, SEM and
Mossbauer spectroscopy

N.Y. MOSTAFA1, S.K. MOHAMED1, G. A. EL-SHOBAKY2, N. GRAIDE1 and M.A. AHMED1


1
Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Taif University, B.O.888, KSA
2
Physical Chemistry Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, EGYPT
mamdouh_2000_2000@yahoo.com

Nano sized powder in the form of MFe2O4 (M=Co, Zn) were prepared by wet chemical co
precipitation route at pH =10 and with a range of calcination processes between 400 0C and 600 0C.
The effect of temperature on the synthesis of nano powder was investigated. Single phase
characterization by means of X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scan Electron Microscope (SEM) and
Mossbauer spectroscopy at room temperature was obtained. The particle size of cobalt ferrite samples
as calculated from XRD was increases as the temperature is increased. All Co ferrite powders, calcined
at 400 0C- 500 0C have crystallite sizes within the range 8–38 nm and those of Zn-ferrite within the
range 15-43 nm. Scan Electron Microscope (SEM) images confirm formation of nano powders for Co
and Zn ferrite samples. Moreover, it has been showed that the Mossbauer spectra of co-ferrite samples
were highly affected by the range of particle size obtained whilst Zinc ferrite samples was less.
M-P-015

Studies on surface morphology, structural and magnetic properties of electrodeposited


NiFeCu/Cu thin films

M.C. BAYKUL1, U. SARAC 1 and M. ALPER2


1
Department of Physics, Faculty of Arts and Science, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, 26480, Eskisehir, TURKEY
2
Department of Physics, Faculty of Arts and Science, Uludag University, 16059, Bursa, TURKEY
umut428@mynet.com

NiFeCu/Cu thin films have been grown on Ti substrates from a single electrolyte containing
Ni , Fe+2 and Cu+2 ions under galvanostatic control (constant current mode) at different non-magnetic
+2

layer thicknesses such as 0.7, 1.1, and 1.5 nm. However, the thickness of the magnetic layer was
designed as 2.7 nm. The number of bilayers was chosen as 1300 for all films.
Structural properties of films were studied by using (X-ray Diffraction). Preferred orientation
of the films is in the [111] direction and the structures of the thin films are fcc.
Magnetoresistance (MR) measurements were carried out by using four probe in the Wan der
Pauw geometry at room temperature. We observed that the MR characteristics change from an AMR
behavior to a GMR behavior with increasing thickness of Cu layer. MR curves exhibited a non-
saturating behavior due to SPM (superparamagnetic) contribution.
Magnetization measurements of the films were carried out using Vibrating Sample
Magnetometer (VSM) at the room temperature. Saturation magnetizations and coercive fields for non-
magnetic layers with thicknesses of 1.5, 1.1, and 0.7 nm were found to be 1370, 1115, and 1224
Emu/cm3 and 1.09, 1.12, and 0.96 Oe, respectively. The saturation fields were found as 120, 1059, and
442 Oe for 0.7, 1.1, and 1.5 nm non-magnetic layer thicknesses, respectively. The hysteresis loops of
the films have shown that a very small coercive field typical for soft magnetic materials.
The surface morphological structure of the magnetic layers was studied by using Atomic Force
Microscopy (AFM). Magnetic characterization of films was investigated by using Magnetic Force
Microscopy (MFM). AFM images indicated that the films have main grains of various sizes on the
magnetic layer. Secondary grains on the magnetic layer have been also observed from the AFM
images. AFM images have shown that main grain sizes are around 2.5 µm and secondary grain sizes
vary between 30 and 130 nm. Secondary grains that have been observed from the AFM image are due
to the SPM (superparamagnetic). MFM image indicated that secondary grains are magnetically
decoupled from the rest of magnetic layer.
M-P-016

Effect of Ca2+ substitution on dielectric and electrical properties of barium M-type hexa-ferrites
at room temperature

MUHAMMAD ATHAIR, MISBAH U. ISLAM and M.U. RANA

Department of Physics, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan; 60800 PAKISTAN


atharasad@yahoo.com

M-type Barium hexa-ferrites with substitution of Ca2+ for Ba2+ i-e Ba1-xCaxFe12O19 for different
concentration i.e x=0.0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8 0.9 have been synthesized by solid-state
reaction technique. Subsequent heat treatment at 1200 °C was carried out to complete the reaction for
16 hours. Complex dielectric constant (/,//) in the frequency range (1MHz-800MHz) was measured
and consequent tan calculated for all concentration. It was observed that with the substitution of Ca2+
and by increasing frequency both dielectric constant (/, //) and loss tangent decreased. Values of grain
resistance, grain boundary resistance, and grain capacitance, grain boundary capacitance Rg, Rgb, Cg
and Cgb respectively were calculated from Cole- Cole plot. It was also observed that all values were
strongly dependant on substitution of Ca2+. Electrical resistivity was measured at room temperature
and found a linear increase in the resistivity with the increase in substitution of Ca2+ concentration.
M-P-017

Investigations of ZFS parameters for Fe3+ and Mn4+ ions in rutile TiO2 crystals

M. ACIKGOZ and S. TIRPANCI

Bahcesehir University, Faculty of Art and Sciences, Beşiktaş, 34353, İstanbul, TURKEY
macikgoz@bahcesehir.edu.tr

In this study, Superposition model (SPM) calculations are employed to investigate the local
environment around the Fe3+ and Mn4+ centers with D2h site symmetry in rutile TiO2 crystal. As an
effective tool, Superposition model (SPM) [1, 2], which may provide more detailed information on the
crystalline environment and lattice site symmetry of paramagnetic ions, e.g. Mn+2, Fe3+, and Cr3+ [9,
10], is used for modeling zero-field splitting (ZFS) parameters by enabling correlation of the
crystallographic and spectroscopic data.
Taking into account the spin-Hamiltonian parameters measured by electron paramagnetic
resonance (EPR) at room temperature [5, 6], the ZFSPs b2q and b4q have been calculated using the
superposition model (SPM) and crystallographic data. Model parameters were taken from literature to
obtain both the second b2q and fourth-rank ZFS parameters b4q . We adjusted model parameters so to
obtain best agreement between the SPM-calculated ZFSPs and those measured by electron magnetic
resonance (EMR).

[1] D.J. Newman and W. Urban, Adv. Phys. 24, 793 (1975).
[2] D.J. Newman and B Ng, Rep. Prog. Phys 52, 699 (1989).
[3] T.H. Yeom, Y.M. Chang, S.H. Choh and C. Rudowicz, Phys. Status. Solidi b 185, 409 (1994).
[4] J.F. Clare and S.D. Devine, J. Phys. C: Solid State Phys. 13, 865 (1980).
[5] S. Güler, B. Rameev, R.I. Khaibullin, O.N. Lopatin and B. Aktas, Journal of Physics: Conference
Series 153, 012052 (2009).
[6] S. Güler, B. Rameev, R.I. Khaibullin, H. Bayrakdar, B. Aktas, Phys. Stat. sol. (a) 203, 1533 (2006).
M-P-019

A hybrid algorithm for the identification of the parameters of the Preisach Hysteresis Model

A. NOUICER

Department of elctrotechnic , Skikda University, ALGERIA


nouicer_abdelmadjid@yahoo.fr

In this paper, a new algorithm based on the artificial neural networks (ANN‘s) and the genetic
algorithms (GA) for the identification of the parameters of the Preisach hysteresis model is presented.
The principle of the identification is based on the minimization of a function criterion which represents
the difference between the measured and simulated cycles
The magnetic state of the material at a given moment is represented by magnetic entities
having two possible states of saturation ( M  1 ) and defined by the elementary cycle. These
elementary cycles are distributed in a static way according to a certain distribution function. The
magnetization M(t), resulting from the application of the field H(t) at an instant t is then [1,2]:
M( t ) =  , β)φ αβ H(t) dα dβ (1)

Where ,  is the Preisach distribution function and [H(t)] is the operator associated with
the magnetic entity by admitting that the swing fields α and β are worth (+1) in the positive state and
(-1) in the negative state.
The determination of the magnetization of material by the Preisach model requires a complete
knowledge of the distribution function of Preisach. Among these analytical expressions there is that of
Lorentz. The study of this function shows that, for a given regulation parameter k and for a given
coercitive field Hc, the distribution in space is single and entirely defined in the corresponding
Preisach plane. This implies the unicity of the hysteresis loop generated for this configuration.
However, two samples which present the same parameters (k and Hc) do not have necessarily the same
hysteresis loop [2]. For this reason the authors of reference [2] propose the introduction of two
parameters a and b which allow the taking into account of the effect of the frequency for various
materials.
k
ρ(α, β) = (2)
   
 a   - b   a  
2
b  
2

 Hc  Hc
The difficulty which arises in this new configuration is how can we know the values of the
parameters thus introduced a and b, which give a better approximation of the hysteresis loop for a
given material and for a given frequency. In the reference [2], a classic identification of the Lorentz
modified function parameters a and b is given. In this paper, we present a hybrid algorithm, based on
the neural network and the genetic algorithms, for the identification of the Lorentz modified function
parameters a and b from the measured cycles. It consists in minimizing a criterion function of the
error. This error functional represents the difference between the experimental curve and that
generated by the Preisach model whose variables are the parameters a and b.

[1] A.Nouice rand M.E.H.Latreche, A neural network model of magnetic hysteresis taking into account the
influence of the frequency and the temperature (1st International conference on manufacturing engineering
ICMEN, Sani Halkidiki Greece,2002) p847-853.
[2] Y.Ouled Amor, M.Feliachi and H.Mohellebi, A new convergence procedure for the finite element computing
associated to Preisach hysteresis model (COMPUMAG '99, Sapporo, Japan.2000) p1242-1245.
M-P-020

The effect of electrolyte pH on electrodeposited cobalt films

O. KARAAGAC1, H. KOCKAR1 and M. ALPER2


1
Physics Department, Science & Literature Faculty, Balikesir University, 10145, Cagis, Balikesir, Turkey
2
Physics Department, Science & Literature Faculty, Uludag University, 16059, Gorukle, Bursa, Turkey
karaagac@balikesir.edu.tr

In recent years, electrodeposition is greatly being used to produce ferromagnetic films because
of the advantages of the production process [1]. The electrodeposition conditions such as electrolyte
pH, deposition potential, and electrolyte concentration have significant effects on the properties of the
films [2]. In this study, the influence of electrolyte pH on the structure and magnetic properties of
cobalt films was investigated. Cobalt films were electrodeposited on polycrystalline copper substrates
at different pH values. It is observed that the crystal structure of cobalt (Co) films converts from
hexagonal close-packed (hcp) to a mixed phase of face centered cubic (fcc) and hcp as the electrolyte
pH decreases. The grain size that is calculated according to the Scherrer equation [3] decreases with
the decrease of electrolyte pH. The morphology of the films grown at high pH is more uniform than
the surface of the films grown at low pH. The saturation magnetization and the coercivity decreases as
the electrolyte pH decreases. The high coercivity value at high pH corresponds to the hcp crystal
structure of the films as well as the big grain size of Co clusters. Parallel and perpendicular magnetic
measurements reveal that in-plane hysteresis loops have a higher remanent magnetization and lower
saturation field than the perpendicular ones. This shows that the easy axis direction of magnetization is
parallel to the film plane for the films.

[1] W. Schwarzacher, D. S. Lashmore, IEEE Transactions on Magnetics Vol. 32, No.4, 3133 (1996).
[2] M. Alper, W. Schwarzacher and S. J. Lane, Journal of Electrochemical Society 144, 2346 (1997).
[3] B. D. Cullity, Elements of X-ray Diffraction (Addison-Wesley, USA, 1978), p.105.
M-P-021

Influence of Zn or Co seed layers on the magnetotransport properties of [Co/Zn] multilayers

P. PASCARIU, L. VLAD, D. PINZARU, S.I. TANASE and V. GEORGESCU

Faculty of Physics “Al. I. Cuza” University, Iasi 700506, ROMANIA


pascariu_petronela@yahoo.com

Recently, extensive theoretical and experimental studies have been devoted to multilayers
composed of alternating magnetic and nonmagnetic layers [1]. The improvement of applications based
on magnetic multilayers implies the thorough knowledge of their basic magnetic properties and
behaviour. There is an increasing demand for new low-cost types of materials with improved physical
properties to be used in miniaturized devices, especially for GMR applications. We propose [Co/Zn]
granular multilayers for such purpose. For now, we have not found published results about
electrodeposition and study of magnetic and transport properties of [Co/Zn] multilayers, nor about the
influence of the seed layer (the first layer deposited onto Cu substrate).
In this work we describe some experimental results concerning the method of preparation by
electrolysis of [Co/Zn]50 multilayers and the study of their structures, magnetic and magneto-transport
properties. Our purpose was both to study the effect seed layer (Co or Zn) and of the Zn layers
thickness concerning properties of multilayers composed of 50 periods. The thicknesses of the Zn
layers in multilayered structures were ranged from tZn = 4 nm to tZn = 45 nm, for a constant thickness
of Co layers (tCo= 30 nm). Electrodeposition was performed by using dual baths method, in
potentiostatic regime. The substrates were Cu (100) textured sheets.
Two series of multilayers of varying periods were grown, labelled
Cu/Zn(150nm)/[Co(30nm)/Zn(tZn)]50 and Cu/Co(150nm)/[Zn(tZn)/Co(30nm)]50 starting with seed (or
buffer) layers of Zn (150nm) or Co (150nm), respectively. We have studied the effects on the
morphology and, consequently, on magnetic and transport properties. X-ray diffraction patterns of
[Co/Zn]50 films shows lines for both Zn hcp and Co hcp elements that appear distinct in the pattern,
demonstrative for the multilayered structure. The shape and the slope of the magnetization curves
depend strongly on the Zn layer thickness and on the nature of the first seed electrodeposited layer.
This behaviour could be a result of the nucleation and growth processes of multilayers composed from
too immiscible elements (Co and Zn) [2]. In our multilayered films the magnetic behaviour is
influenced both by the nature of the first electrodeposited layer (Zn or Co), and by interfaces between
layers and grain boundaries.
The magnetoresistance measurements were performed by using a Corbino geometry adapted
device for disk-shaped samples, with current perpendicular to the film plane and the external magnetic
field applied in the film plane. For the multilayers, the magnetoresistance varied systematically with
Zn layer thickness, depending on the nature of the seed layer. We obtained the giant magnetoresistance
contribution of maximum value (150%) for Cu/Zn(150nm)/[Co(30nm)/Zn(30nm)]50 and minimum
value (7%) for Cu/Co(150nm)/[Zn(30nm)/Co(30nm)]50, respectively. The microstructure and magnetic
properties of these multilayers depend strongly on the design of multilayer, i.e. on the thickness of Zn
layers, and on the seed layer.

[1] J. García-Torres, L. Péter, Á. Révész, L. Pogány, I. Bakonyi, Thin Solid Films p 517 6081–6090
(2009).
[2] E. Gómez, X. Alcobe, E. Vallés, Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry, p 54, 505 (2001).
M-P-022

Interlayer coupling in multilayer wedge systems studied by resonant reflectivity measurements


in the extreme ultraviolet range

P. GRYCHTOL, R. ADAM, S. CRAMM, R. SCHREIBER, N. SCHNITZLER,


D. E. BURGLER and C. M. SCHNEIDER

Institute of Solid State Research, Forschungszentrum Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, GERMANY


p.grychtol@fz-juelich.de

Utilizing the magneto-optical Kerr effect (MOKE) in the visible spectral range is a well-established
approach for studying aspects of magnetism in space and time, ranging from fundamental phenomena to
technological devices [1]. However, at visible wavelengths above 250 nm the Kerr effect is usually
relatively weak, less than one percent upon magnetization reversal, and wavelengths are long compared to
the resolution desired for imaging cutting-edge magnetic properties on the nanometer scale [2].
In the last few decades, these shortcomings have been overcome by shifting experiments into the
soft x-ray region, but at the expense of system complexity, as large synchrotron radiation facilities are
required. By exploiting x-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) and x-ray magnetic linear dichroism
(XMLD) at the L edges of transition metals at photon energies above 500 eV, not only can a superior
contrast of a few percent and a lateral resolution down to a few nanometers be attained, but also element
and chemical selectivity [3].
In recent years, isolated attempts at exploring the XMCD and XMLD as magnetic contrast
mechanisms in the extreme ultraviolet (XUV) range addressing the M edges of transition metals at photon
energies around 50 eV have proven to be equally successful, reaching a contrast of up to 94% upon
magnetization reversal in a transversal MOKE experiment [4]. The attractiveness of this spectral region has
increased dramatically since reliable table-top light sources producing coherent ultrashort light pulses in the
XUV are now within the reach of every optical laboratory [5], thus offering a compact tool for element-
selective investigations of magnetic properties on a nanometer and femtosecond scale. As little attention
has been paid to the XUV region, its full potential as a magnetic contrast mechanism has yet to be
explored. To this end, the results presented here compare measurements of the MOKE in the visible and
XUV range by focusing on multilayer wedge systems. A polycrystalline multilayer system Co(5)/Si-
wedge(1.5–4.0)/Ni(8) and also a monocrystalline multilayer system Co 40Fe60(5)/Cr-wedge(0.6–
2.4)/Ni80Fe20(10) were prepared by thermal evaporation in ultra-high vacuum (thicknesses in nm). These
wedge systems were investigated both by measurements of the longitudinal MOKE in the visible range and
by measurements of the resonant XUV reflectivity in a transversal MOKE geometry at the synchrotron. By
exploiting the XMLD close to the Brewster angle at the M absorption edges of Co and Ni (60.2 and 67.5
eV, respectively) a magnetic contrast as large as 80% for Co and 20% for Ni can be obtained. In order to
map the magnitude of the dichroism, angular and energy-dependent scans of the magnetic asymmetry were
performed and compared with magneto-optical simulations of the multilayer response. Element-selective
hysteresis loops were recorded as a function of the interlayer thickness and reflect the switching behavior
of the individual ferromagnetic layers as a function of the interlayer coupling.

[1] J. Stöhr and H. C. Siegmann. Magnetism: From fundamentals to nanoscale dynamics. Springer Berlin, 2006.
[2] A.K. Zvezdin Modern magneto-optics and magneto-optical materials Institute of Physics Publishing,
Bristol, (1997).
[3] H.-C. Mertins, , et al., Applied Physics A, 80, 1011 (2005).
[4] M. Hecker et al., J. Electron Spectr. Rel. Phen., 144-147, 881 (2005).
[5] H. C. Kapteyn et al., Physics today, 58, 39 (2005).
M-P-023

Experimental determination of the Curie temperature for Ga(Mn)As

P. VASEK, P. SVOBODA, V. NOVAK, Z. VYBORNY, V. JURKA and L. SMRCKA

Institute of Physics v.v.i, ASCR , Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC


vasek@fzu.cz

Ferromagnetic semiconductors Ga(Mn)As opened a number of new ways to spintronic devices.


Crucial parameter for their widespread practical usage is the Curie temperature TC, indicating the
transition of the material from ferromagnetic to the paramagnetic state. The most appropriate method
to determine TC is to measure the magnetisation as a function of temperature. Ga(Mn)As is, however,
generally prepared in the form of extremely thin layers (typically around 20 nm) and magnetic signal is
therefore very small. Equipment with very high sensitivity (usually SQUID magnetometer) is required.
This method is rather complicated and a simpler determination of TC has been looked for.
Measurement of electrical resistivity  of the layers is much easier and its temperature
dependence can be employed as a tool to find the value of TC. Traditionally, the position of local
maximum on the (T) curve has been identified with TC. Recently, however, it has been suggested
[1], that the inflection point, i.e. the maximum on the d/dT vers. T curve, should provide a better
representation of the Curie temperature TC. Unfortunately, these two approches sometimes gave
different values of TC, in particular for samples with higher TC, and the difference could reach up to
several tens K.
Another method of TC determination can be based on the criterion of ferromagnetism suggested
by Arrott in 1957 [2]. He proposed to measure magnetic moment versus field isotherms. Due to the
problems with the magnetisation measurement on very thin layers, the Arrott method has been
modified to involve the measurement od electrical resistivity instead of the magnetic moment.
In this contribution, all the three resistivity-based methods of the TC determination have been
employed and compared on a series of Ga(Mn)As samples in order to find the one that provides the
best estimate of the true Curie temperature.

[1] V. Novak, K. Olejnik, J. Wunderlich, M. Cukr, K. Vyborny, A. W. Rushforth,K. W. Edmons, R. P.


Campion, B. L. Gallagher, J. Sinova and T. Jungwirth, Phys. Rev. Lett. 101,077201 (2008).
[2] A. Arrott, Phys. Rev. 108, 1394 (1957).
M-P-024

Electrodeposition and study of magnetic and transport properties of [Fe/Pt]n multilayers

D. PINZARU1, S.I. TANASE1, L. VLAD1, P. PASCARIU1, A.V. SANDU2,


A. CIRLESCU1 and V. GEORGESCU1
1
Faculty of Physics, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, Iasi 700506, ROMANIA
2
Romanian Inventors Forum
dumitritatanase@yahoo.com

Numerous studies have been carried out to develop hard magnet films of Fe/Pt multilayers due
to their potential application in high-density recording media and MEMS (micro-electromechanical)
systems. Most of these studies have used sputtering, vapour deposition, or laser ablation [1-3]. In this
paper we report the electrolytic preparation of Fe/Pt multilayers on glass substrate. We studied the
influence of the nonmagnetic layer thickness on magnetic and transport properties of multilayered
[Fe/Pt]n films, in a view to find out technological applications.
The [Fe/Pt]n multilayers were electroplated in potentiostatic regime on a glass substrate covered
with a 50 nm Ni electroless deposited layer. We used a single bath containing: Fe(NH4)2(SO4)2 ∙ 6H2O,
K2PtCl6, H3BO3 and NaCl, in double distilled water. The composition and thickness of the
electrodeposition film from solution containing Fe2+ and Pt2+ ions can by controlled by varying
deposition parameters ( concentration of the substances included in the electrolyte, time of
electrodeposition, cathode potential). The operating conditions of the bath were pH=4, temperature t=
(30 ± 1) °C, without stirring the electrolyte. We obtained by this procedure [Fe/Pt]n multilayers
composed of n=50 periods (tPt varied between 5’25nm).
The composition and microstructure of electrodeposited Fe/Pt multilayers were characterized
using EDAX and SEM techniques. From SEM analyses, we concluded that small spherical nuclei
containing Fe and Pt alternate layers grow by a Volmer-Weber nucleation mechanism during
electrodeposition. The crystalline structure was investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) using CuKα
radiation.
The magnetic behavior of the samples was studied at room temperature using an A.C. induction
method with computerized data acquisition system. The hysteresis loops showed that the magnetic
behaviour is strongly influenced by Pt layer thickness: Hc = (8.5 -13) kA/m, Br/Bs = 0.42-0.65. The
magnetoresistance measurements were performed applying the current in plane of the film (CIP
configuration), by using two-terminal gold pressure contacts, and the external magnetic field was
applied in the film plane. The Fe/Pt multilayer exhibit large values of the magnetoresistance varying in
the range MR = (2 – 15) % due to the existence of antiferromagnetic interactions between magnetic
layers.

[1] Francesca Casoli, Franca Albertini, Luigi Pareti, Simone Fabbrici, Lucia Nasi, Claudio Bocchi,
Roberta Ciprian, IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, vol. 41, no. 10, (2005).
[2] Y. H. Huang, Y. Zhang, G. C. Hadjipayanis, D. Weller, Journal of Applied Physics, vol. 93, no. 10,
(2003).
[3] T. Shima, K. Takanashi, Y. K. Takahashi and K. Hono, Appl. Phys. Lett., vol.81, pp. 1050-1052,
(2002).
M-P-025

Polyol Synthesis of PVP – Mn3O4 Nanocomposite

T.G.ALTINCEKIC2, A. BAYKAL1, N.BITRAK2, H. KAVAS3, Z. DURMUS1 and M.S. TOPRAK4


1
Department of Chemical Engineering, Istanbul University, Avcılar, 34320 Istanbul, Turkey
2
Department of Chemistry, 3Department of Physics, Fatih University, B.Çekmece, 34500 Istanbul, Turkey
4
Functional Materials Division, Royal Institute of Technology - KTH, SE-16440 Stockholm, Sweden
tubag@istanbul.edu.tr

We report on the synthesis of polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP)-Mn3O4 nanocomposites via a polyol


route by using manganese acetylacetonate (Mn(acac)3), 1,2-hexadecanediol, diethyl ether and PVP.
Crystalline phase was identified as Mn3O4 and the crystallite size was obtained as 6±1 nm from X-ray
line profile fitting. As compared to the average particle size of 6.1±0.1 nm obtained from TEM
analysis, which reveal nearly single crystalline nature of these nanoparticles. The capping of PVP
around Mn3O4 nanoparticles was confirmed by FTIR spectroscopy, the interaction being via bridging
oxygens of the carbonyl (C=O) and the nanoparticle surface[1]. Tc and TB for PVP-Mn3O4
nanocomposite were observed at 42 K and 28.5 K respectively. The sample has hystheresis with small
coercivity and remanenet magnetization at 40 K, resembling the superparamagnetic state. a.c.
conductivity measurements on PVP-Mn3O4 nanocomposite revealed a conductivity in the order of 10-7
S·cm-1 at lower frequencies. The conductivity changes with respect to frequency can be explained by
electronic exchange occuring between Mn+2 and Mn+3 existing in sublattice of spinel lattice. The ε‘ and
ε‘‘ curves of PVP-Mn3O4 as a function of frequency are found to be slightly temperature dependent.

FC (100 Oe)
0,3 ZFC
..........................321

....................................400
..........................................312
........................................004

.................224
....................................204
211

.................................220
...............................112
...............200
Magnetization (emu/g)

-dM/dT

Theoretical profile fit

FC
Experimental XRD
Intensity (a.u)

0,2
= 0.5 nm
D= 6.1 nm

0 20 40 60 80

0,1 ZFC
-dM/dT

0,0 0 20 40 60 80 20 30 40 50 60 70
0 20 40 60 80
2(Degree)
Temperature, (K)

Fig.1.a) Zero-field-cooled (ZFC) and field-cooled (FC) magnetization curves PVP-Mn3O4


nanocomposite. b) XRD powder pattern and line profile fitting of PVP-Mn3O4
nanocomposite.

[1] Z. Durmus, H. Kavas, M. S. Toprak, A. Baykal, T. G. Altınçekiç, A. Aslan, A. Bozkurt, S. Coşgun,


J.Alloys Compd. 484, 371 (2009).
M-P-026

Synthesis and magnetic characterization of CuFe2O4 nanorods by Polyol Method

T.G. ALTINCEKIC 1, Z.DURMUS 2, I. BOZ 1, A. BAYKAL 2, B.AKTAS3 and M.S. TOPRAK4


1
Department of Chemical Engineering, Istanbul University, 34320, Avcılar-Istanbul, TURKEY
2
Department of Chemistry, Fatih University, 34500, Buyukcekemece- Istanbul, TURKEY
3
Department of Physics, Gebze Institute of Technology, 41400, Gebze-Kocaeli, TURKEY
4
Functional Materials Division, Royal Institute of Technology - KTH, SE16440 Stockholm, SWEDEN
tubag@istanbul.edu.tr

Uniform, high quality, cuprospinel ferrite nanorods with high aspect ratios were synthesized by
a surfactant-free single step polyol process at 220 ºC. The structure of the product was characterized by
XRD, FT-IR and the morphology of the product was analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscopy. The
results showed that the as-prepared magnetic nanorods are monodisperse and highly crystalline.
Magnetic characterization of product was done by both EPR and VSM instruments. And also the
magnetic measurement shows that the CuFe2O4 nanorods obtained in the typical synthesis are
ferromagnetic.
1.80

1.75
Magnetic Moment, (emu/g)

TREG capped CuFe2O4


1.70
Transmission % (a.u.)

1.65

1.60

1.55

1.50 ZFC
FC (50 Oe Feld Cooled)
1.45
TREG
1.40
50 100 150 200 250 300 4000 3500 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500
-1
Temperature, (K) Wavenumber (cm )

Fig. 2 a) Zero-field-cooled (ZFC) and field-cooled (FC) magnetization curves of CuFe2O4 nanorods
capped with TREG and b) FT-IR spectra of CuFe2O4 nanorods capped with TREG and only TREG.
M-P-027

Spin-2 Ising Model on the Bilayer Bethe Lattice

SEYMA AKKAYA DEVIREN1 , ERHAN ALBAYRAK2 and SABAN YILMAZ


1
Institute of Physics, Erciyes University, 38039 Kayseri, Turkey
2
Department of Physics, Erciyes University, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey
seymaakkaya38@hotmail.com

A spin-2 system consisting of two layers of Bethe lattices each with a branching ratio of q Ising spins
was analyzed by the use of the exact recursion relations in a pairwise approach. The upper layer
interacting with nearest-neighbor (NN) bilinear interaction J1 is laid over the top of the lower layer
interacting with bilinear NN interaction J2, and the two layers are tied together via the bilinear
interaction between the vertically aligned adjacent NN spins denoted as J3. The study of the ground
state phase diagrams on the (J2=|J3|; J1=|J3|) plane with J3 > 0 and J3 < 0 and on the (J2=J1; J3=qJ1) plane
with J1 > 0 has yielded five distinct ground state configurations. The temperature dependent phase
diagrams are obtained for the case with intralayer coupling constants of the two layers with
ferromagnetic type J1 and J2 > 0, and the interlayer coupling constant of the layers with either
ferromagnetic J3> 0 or antiferromagnetic type J3 < 0 on the (kT=J1; J3=J1) planes for given values of
the J2 = J1 for various values of the coordination numbers. As a result, we have found that the model
presents both second- and first-order phase transitions, therefore, tricritical points.
M-P-028

Dynamic phase transitions in the kinetic mixed Spin-1/2 and Spin-5/2 Ising Model under a time-
dependent oscillating magnetic field

B. DEVIREN 1, 2, M. KESKIN 2, 3 and O. CANKO3


1
Department of Physics, Nevsehir University, 50300, Nevsehir, TURKEY
2
Institute of Science, Erciyes University, 38039, Kayseri, TURKEY
3
Department of Physics, Erciyes University, 38039, Kayseri, TURKEY
bayram.deviren@nevsehir.edu.tr

The two-sublattice mixed-spin Ising systems have been studied both experimentally and
theoretically due to reason that these systems mainly related to the potential technological applications
in the area of thermomagnetic recording [1]. Moreover, the mixed-spin Ising systems have less
transitional symmetry than their single spin counterparts; hence exhibit many new phenomena that
cannot be observed in the single-spin Ising systems, and the study of these systems can be relevant for
understanding of bimetallic molecular systems based magnetic materials [2]. In this work, we calculate
the dynamic phase transition (DPT) temperatures and present the dynamic phase diagrams in the
kinetic mixed spin-1/2 and spin-5/2 Ising model under the presence of a time-dependent oscillating
external magnetic field. First, we employ the Glauber transition rates [3] to construct the set of mean-
field dynamic equations. Then, we study the time variation of the average magnetizations to find the
phases in the system. We also investigate the behavior of the dynamic magnetization to characterize
the nature (continuous and discontinuous) of transitions and to obtain the DPT points. We obtain the
dynamic phase diagrams in the plane of the reduced temperature (T) versus the reduced magnetic field
amplitude (h) and we find four main distinct topological types of phase diagrams. The phase diagrams
are also calculated in the (d, T) plane, where d is the reduced crystal-field interaction, and five
different phase diagrams topologies are found. The phase diagrams are discussed and a comparison is
made with the results of the other mixed spin Ising systems.

The work was supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey
(TÜBİTAK) Grant No: 107T533 and Erciyes University Research Funds Grant No: FBD-08-593.

[1] M. Mansuripur, J. Appl. Phys. 61, 1580 (1987).


[2] O. Kahn et.al., From Molecular Assemlies to the Devices, Kluwer Academic Publishers,
Dordrecht, (1996).
[3] R.J. Glauber, J. Math. Phys. 4, 294 (1963).
M-P-029

The (kBTc/J, K/J) phase diagram for the D/J=1 on the four dimensional Blume-Emery-Griffiths
(BEG) Model

A. DURAN, B. KUTLU and A. GUNEN

Gazi University, Faculty of Science and Arts, Department of Physics, Besevler, Ankara, TURKEY
ayseduran@gazi.edu.tr & bkutlu@gazi.edu.tr & agunen@gazi.edu.tr

The spin-1 Ising (BEG) model has been simulated using a cellular automaton (CA) cooling
algorithm improved from the 3-dimensional BEG model algorithm for the four dimensional
hypercubic lattices. The ground state diagram (k, d) of the four dimensional BEG model has
ferromagnetic (F), quadrupolar (Q) and staggered quadrupolar (SQ) ordering regions. The simulations
have been made in the interval  3  k  K / J  1 through the d  D/J  1 line for the four dimensional
hypercubic lattices with L=18 lattice size. The kBTC / J , k  phase diagram has been obtained through
the d  1 line. The results show that the model has a bicritical point and the phase diagram has been
separated to the three regions as the staggered quadrupolar (SQ), the ferromagnetic (F) and the
paramagnetic (P).
M-P-030

Physical Properties of Sm1-xTbxNi4B compounds

ONUR NANE1, BEKIR OZCELIK1, SELCUK KERVAN2, UGUR TOPAL3, HASAN AGIL4,
ALI GENCER4 and M. EYYUPHAN YAKINCI5
1
Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences and Letters, Cukurova University 01330, Adana, TURKEY
2
Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences and Letters, Nevşehir University, 50300, Nevşehir, TURKEY
3
TÜBİTAK-UME, National Metrology Institute, P.O.Box 54, 41470 Gebze-Kocaeli,TURKEY
4
Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, Ankara University, 06100, Beşevler, Ankara, TURKEY
5
Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences and Letters, Inonu University 44069, Malatya, TURKEY
ozcelik@cu.edu.tr

Physical properties of the Sm1-xTbxNi4B (0≤x≤ 0.8) compounds have been investigated by
means of the X-ray powder diffraction, AC susceptibility and DC magnetization techniques. All the
compounds studied crystallize in CeCo4B type structure with P6/mmm space group. The substitution
of Tb for Sm leads to a decrease of the unit-cell parameters a, c and the unit-cell volume V. The
magnetic phase transition temperatures are found as 39, 22, 26, 30 and 15 K, for x= 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6 and
0.8, respectively. In addition, we have seen the second magnetic phase transition around 230 K, at the
ac-susceptibility results. We have concluded that this behavior may arise from the Tb-Tb interaction in
crystal structure.

This work was supported by the Research Fund of Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey, under
grant contracts no. FEF2008YL32.
M-P-031

The magnetic behavior and physical characterization of Cu-Mn-Al ferromagnetic shape memory
alloy

MERIVAN SASMAZ1, ALI BAYRI2 and YILDIRIM AYDOGDU1


1
Fırat University, Department of Physics, Elazığ, TURKEY
2
Adıyaman University, Department of Physics, Adiyaman, TURKEY
yaydogdu@firat.edu.tr

In this study, Cu-Al-Mn alloys with different weight percent were fabricated by melting metal
powders in induction furnace under argon atmosphere and then by applying rapid solidification. Due to
the changes of the alloy percentages after casting processes, alloy rates were determined by using EDX
results received from least three different zones. For four different samples the alloys percentages were
found as Cu-11.96Al-3.21%Mn, Cu-14.09%Al-10.78%Mn, Cu-13.73%Al-13.12%Mn, Cu-13.44%Al-
12.68%Mn and Cu-12.14%Al-15.67%Mn respectively. The magnetic properties of Cu-Mn-Al alloys
were investigated as a function of Mn concentration. From the measurements two important properties
were observed. One of them is the temperature dependent behavior which indicates that the Curie
temperature of the samples is high (it is in the range of 575-615 K). Another property was the
saturation magnetization, which is highly dependent to the Mn concentration. Although the Mn atoms
want to be clustering and interact antiferromagnetically, from the measurements it is observed that the
saturation magnetization is increased with increasing Mn concentration in these alloys. From these
observations it is suggested that the magnetic interactions in our samples is mostly due to the Mn
centers and interact ferromagnetically. It is also suggested that the Al concentration helps the Mn
atoms to interact ferromagnetically instead of antiferromagnetically.

This study was supported by TÜBİTAK (Project number: TÜBİTAK 106T583) and Scientific
Research Projects Unit of Fırat University (Project number: FÜBAP 1803).
M-P-032

Influence of magnetic field to dielectric properties of nanocomposites on the base of magnetite


nanoparticles and polymer matrices: Collagen, polystyrene

R. ALI-ZADE

Institute of Physics National Academy of Sciences of Azerbaijan, H.Javid str.33, Baku-Az-1143, AZERBAIJAN
alizade@lan.ab.az

Electric properties of nanocomposites depended on physical properties (electric, magnetic,


mean size, concentration) of metallic nanoparticles containing of nanocomposites and value of external
electric and magnetic fields.
Differential equation describing of polarization process of magnetite nanoparticls at external
mutually perpendicular electric (E) and magnetic (H) fields are:
dQ 1  1 1 1 
  0E2   0 H 02  E  H0 
dt E 0  4 4 4c 
4 3
r
3
This equation has been solved at following boundary conditions Q t 0  0 ,
Q tt  Qmax . As electric dipole moment of magnetite nanoparticles is d  Q  l and similarly
max , E Emax

boundary conditions have been determined for electric dipole moment. Expression for electric dipole
moment obtained:
 6ctl    0  H 0   0 H 0 
2
1
d (t , E , H 0 )   0 r E  ln  2  1  1 
3
    (1)
3  r    0  E   0 E 

0 0 H 0
2
H 
Analysis of last multiplication term С  1   0    in the equation (1) showed
0  E  0 E
0
that at H0=0 and H 0  E expression for dipole moment without influence magnetic field is
0
0 1 0
obtained. At 0  H 0  E multiplication term C is C<<1. At H 0  E term C minimum
0 2 0
3 0
and d min  d max . At H 0  E multiplication term C is C>>1 and dipole moment is increased.
4 0
Expression for dielectric susceptibility  NC  of magnetite nanocomposites is obtained
on the base of equation (1):
 2  1  d2 
 NC    1   
3  3  0 V0 kT 

where  - dielectic susceptibility of polymet matrix,  - concentartion of magnetite nanoparticles.


M-P-033

Mössbauer and electrical studies of MnxCo1-xFe2O4 compounds prepared via glycothermal route

H.M.I. ABDALLAH1, T. MOYO1 and J. Z. MSOMI2


1
School of Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 400, SOUTH AFRICA
2
Department of Physics, University of Free State, Phuthaditjhaba 9866, SOUTH AFRICA
Abdallah@ukzn.ac.za

Manganese-cobalt ferrite powders ( Mnx Co1 x Fe2 O 4 with x varying from 0.0 to 0.6), have
been produced by glycolthermal process from pure metal chlorides. Single phase cubic spinel structure
and nanophase structure of the as-synthesized samples were confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD)
and by transmission electron microscope (TEM). The results show that the produced powders have
grain sizes in the range 7.2 to 13.4 nm. Fe-57 Mössbauer spectra for as-synthesized and for annealed
samples at 700 ºC (in Ar atmosphere for 1 hour) are found to be similar. No significant changes in the
spectra are observed across the composition range studied. The variation of grain sizes, lattice
parameters and Mössbauer parameters as a function of composition and sintering temperature have
also been investigated. Bulk samples in the form of pellets were also produced from the as-synthesized
compounds for resistivity measurements. The temperature dependence of the electrical resistivity for
the samples sintered at 1050 oC were studied using the four-probe method, from room temperature to
about 110 oC in a PID controlled oven. The resistivity is observed to vary linearly with T 1 / 2 . This
result is discussed in the context of the granular nature of the compounds where electrons can be
assumed to tunnel between charged and neutral grains [1].

[1] P. Sheng, B. Abeles and Y. Arie, Phys. Rev. Lett. 31, No. 1, 44 (1973).
M-P-034

Cluster glass behavior of Cu0.25Co0.25Zn0.25Fe2O4 ferrite: A magnetic and Mossbauer study

H. BHARGAVA, N. LAKSHMI and K. VENUGOPALAN

Department of Physics, M.L. Sukhadia University, Udaipur, Rajasthan, 313001 INDIA


hinaphy@gmail.com

The spinel of the composition Cu0.25Co0.25Zn0.5Fe2O4 was prepared by chemical co precipitation


method. The seeding temperature was maintained at 333K during the precipitation. Then the sample
was dried at 373K for 24 h and then annealed at 1173K for 24 h. TEM, DC magnetization and
Mossbauer studies have been carried out to investigate the spinel ferrite Cu0.25Co0.25Zn0.5Fe2O4. TEM
analysis confirms the presence of very small particles (4nm) coating the surface of larger ones (39nm)
[1]. The room temperature Mossbauer spectrum is consist of four subspectra, two sextets
corresponding to A site and B site, one relaxation spectrum and a doublet due to the presence of fine
particles on the surface of the larger ones. The large width of B site suggests the presence of multiple
B sites. Low temperature Mossbauer at 5K confirms the presence of two B sites namely B1 and B2.
The canting angle is estimated by infield Mossbauer spectroscopy which is approximately 340. Due to
the absence of collinear structure at B site the long range ordering is not expected for the present
sample. If the distribution of ions is nonuniform or random for each type of site, then there is a
likelihood of spin-glass or cluster-glass formation. Fig. 1(a, b) plots the M versus T curve. The Curie
temperature determined from M versus T curve is 461 K. When the temperature is higher than 461 K,
moment decreases with the increase in the temperature (Fig 1(a)) because of the thermal movement of
the spin clusters. Moment decreases with the decreasing temperature when temperature is lower than
461 K, because the magnetization of the clusters decreases with the decreasing temperature because of
the compensation effect of the sublattice of the ferromagnetic clusters. Moment has minimum at
around 195 K (Fig 1(b)), indicating the compensation temperature. Moment increases again when the
temperature is lower than the compensation temperature. Hysteresis measurement taken at various
temperature also indicates the cluster spin glass behavior of the present sample.

Figure 1. (a) High temperature M-T curve taken at the field of 50 Oe, (b) Low temperature M-T
curve taken at te field of 35 Oe.

[1] H. Bhargava, N. Lakshmi, V. Sebastian, V.R. Reddy, K. Venugopalan and A. Gupta, J. Phys. D:
Appl. Phys. 42, 245003 (2009).
M-P-035

Synthesis, structural and conductivity characterization of alginic acid-Fe3O4 nanocomposite

H. SOZERI1, B. UNAL2, M.S. TOPRAK3, Z. DURMUS4 AND A. BAYKAL4


1
TUBITAK-UME, National Metrology Institute, PO Box 54, 41470, Gebze-Kocaeli, TURKEY
2
Department of Physics,4Department of Chemistry, Fatih University, B.Çekmece, 34500 Istanbul, TURKEY
3
Functional Materials Division, Royal Institute of Technology - KTH, SE16440 Stockholm, SWEDEN
huseyin.sozeri@ume.tubitak.gov.tr

Alginic acid-Fe3O4 nanocomposite is synthesized by the precipitation of Fe3O4 in the presence


of alginic acid. Structural, surface, morphological, thermal and electrical transport properties of the
nanocomposite were performed by XRD, FT-IR, TEM-SEM, TGA, and conductivity measurements
respectively. FT-IR analysis revealed that Fe3O4 NPs are strongly capped with alginic acid and TGA
analysis showed that nanocomposite have 80% of Fe3O4 content. TEM analysis of Fe3O4 NPs show an
average particle size of 9.5 nm, and upon nanocomposite formation with alginic acid these particles are
observed to form aggregates of ~150 nm. The frequency-dependency of the ac conductivity show
electrode polarization effect. Analysis of electrical modulus and dielectric permittivity functions
suggest that ionic and polymer segmental motions are strongly coupled. d.c. electrical conductivity is
strongly temperature dependent and is classified into three regions over a limited temperature range of
up to 100 oC.
M-P-036

Effect of Gd3+ doping on the electric and dielectric properties of Mg ferrite processed by
conventional ceramic technique

JAGDISH CHAND1, GAGAN KUMAR1, SANGEETA THAKUR2, PAWAN KUMAR1 and


M. SINGH1
1
Department of Physics, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla, 171005, INDIA
2
Jaypee university of Information Technology Waknaghat Solan, 173215, INDIA
jagdishlect@gmail.com

MgGd0.05Fe1.95O4 ferrite with improved electrical and dielectric properties has been synthesized by
conventional ceramic technique. The electric and dielectric properties of MgGd 0.05Fe1.95O4 ferrite have been
studied as a function of frequency and temperature. Dc electrical resistivity of MgGd0.05Fe1.95O4 ferrite was
found to increase up to 40 times more as compared to Mg ferrite. The values of dielectric constant and
dielectric loss have been reduced due to the doping of Gd 3+ ions in Mg ferrite. The dielectric loss of the
investigated ferrite is 1.1×10-2 at 3 MHz. High resistivity, low values of dielectric constant and dielectric
loss can be correlated with better compositional stoichiometry and Fe ions concentration. The mechanisms
responsible to these processes have been discussed.
Spinel ferrites have been studied extensively because they play a vital role in the technological
applications [1-5]. Gd-Mg ferrites have emerged as one of the most important material due to its high dc
resistivity and low dielectric losses [6]. Fig 1 shows the variation of dc resistivity with temperature. High
dc resistivity of ~ 5x108Ω cm is obtained at room temperature, and decreases with increase in temperature.
The higher value of dc resistivity is due to Gd3+ content in Mg ferrite. The addition of Gd3+ ions in place of
Fe3+ ions limits the degree of conduction by blocking Verwey‘s hopping mechanism, resulting in an
increase of resistivity. Gd3+ content doping reduces the number of Fe3+ ions on the octahedral sites which
play a dominant role in the mechanism of conduction. The dielectric constant decreases slowly initially
with frequency up to 1MHz and becomes almost constant up to 8 MHz. The increase in dielectric constant
above 8 MHz may indicate the beginning of presence of resonance peak which occur at higher frequency.

5000

4000

3000
x10 (cm)
5

2000

1000

280 300 320 340 360 380 400 420 440 460 480
T(K)

[1] Gagan Kumar, Jagdish Chand, Satish Verma, M. Singh J Phys D Appl Phys 42,155001 (2009).
[2] Sangeeta Thakur, S C Katyal, M. Singh J Appl Phys 105, 07A521 (2009).
[3] P Mathur, A Thakur, M. Singh J Magn Magn Mater 320, 1364-69 (2008).
[4] Sangeeta Thakur, S C Katyal, M. Singh Appl Phys Lett 91, 262501 (2007).
[5] Gagan Kumar, Meenakshi Kanthwal, B. S. Chauhan, M. Singh Indian J Pure & Appl Phys 44, 930
(2006).
M-P-037

XRD, magnetic and Mössbauer spectral studies of AgxNi1-xFe2O4 ferrite nanoparticles

J.Z. MSOMI1, T. MOYO2 and H.M.I. ABDALLAH2


1
Department of Physics, University of the Free State, Private Bag X13, Phuthaditjhaba 9866, SOUTH AFRICA
2
School of Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, SOUTH AFRICA
msomijz@qwa.uovs.ac.za

Nanophase AgxNi1-xFe2O4 (x=0, 0.2, 0.5) ferrites were prepared by glycothermal method. The
resultant powders were annealed at different temperatures until single phase cubic spinel structure was
obtained. Structural investigations of the samples were carried out by x-ray diffraction and
transmission electron microscopy. The experiment reveals that pure AgNi-ferrite materials with grain
sizes of about 10 nm can be obtained after annealing at relatively low temperature of about 500 ºC.
The ease of phase formation appears to be sensitive to concentration of Ag atoms. The nanosized
compounds produced indicate superparamagnetic behaviour. The variations coercive force (HC) and
saturation magnetization (MS) as a function of grain sizes is also discussed in this paper.
M-P-038

Magneto-electric phenomena in temperature-influensed yttrium iron garnets

V.E. KORONOVSKYY

Department of Radiophysics, Taras Shevchenko Kiev National University, 2 Prospekt Glushkova Street, 03127 Kiev,
UKRAINE
koron@univ.kiev.ua

In some materials, an external magnetic field can induce electric polarization and an external
electric field can induce changes in magnetization. This phenomenon were termed as the magneto-
electric (ME) effect (MEE) [1]. The recent interest in ME materials is stimulated by their significant
technological potential. The revival of the ME effect has been observed due to discovery of high MEE
both in single phase and composite materials [2] which show simultaneous magnetic and ferroelectric
ordering and have the potential for significantly enhanced ME responses.
There are yttrium iron garnets (YIG) among the materials in which the MEE were observed [3].
During the course of our research on YIG films, we have been successful in using optical methods for
the ME phenomena investigation at room temperature (the electromagneto-optical (EMO) effect) [4-
6].
In this study we explore the MEE due to the direct influence of a variable external electric field
on magnetic condition of YIG film before and after thermal influence on the sample. The heart of our
experimental method is the registration of the electric-field-induced changes of the Faraday rotation in
crystal (EMO effect (EMOE)). Experiments were carried out at room temperature in geometry H || E ||
k, where H – static magnetic field, E – low-frequency variable electric field, k –light wave vector.
Thermal influence on the YIG film was spent at temperature T  900 K throughout 75 minutes with
the subsequent slow cooling.
We experimentally reveal changes in electric-field and magnetic-field dependences of EMOE
in epitaxial YIG films after thermal influence - the EMOE parameter ( EМО ) is grown in value.
Thermal influense leads to increase in the electromagneto-optical effect value, because of the
temperature-stimulated relaxation of non-uniform mechanical pressure in the studied samples and
relaxation of the YIG film deformations by gadolinium gallium garnet substrate. We do not exclude
also the mechanism of impurities redistribution in the crystallographic positions under influence of
temperature.

[1] D.N. Astrov, Sov Phys—JETP. 11, 708 (1960).


[2] M. Fiebig, J Phys D: Appl Phys. 38, 123 (2005).
[3] T.N. O‘Dell, Phil. Mag. 6, 487 (1967).
[4] V.E. Koronovskyy, S.M. Ryabchenko, V.F. Kovalenko, Phys Rev B, 71, 172402 (2005).
[5] V.E.Koronovskyy, Phys. Status Soli (a), 203(8), 2007 (2006).
[6] V.E. Koronovskyy, Apl Phys A. 95(2), 351 (2009).
M-P-039

Synthesis, magnetic and dielectric properties of Al-Cr substituted M-type strontium hexaferrite

MUHAMMAD NAEEM ASHIQ

Department of Chemistry, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan-60800, PAKISTAN


Tel: +92-300-9879344
Fax: +92-61-9210068
naeemashiqqau@yahoo.com

M-type strontium hexaferrites (SrFe12O19) substituted with binary mixture of Al-Cr at iron site
are synthesized by the chemical co-precipitation method. The synthesized samples are characterized by
thermogravimetric analysis (TG/DTA), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray
diffraction (XRD), dielectric constant (έ), dielectric loss (tanδ) and hysteresis loops measurements.
The XRD patterns confirm the single phase formation of these materials. Different parameters such as
lattice constants (a & c), cell volume, X-ray density and crystallite size are calculated from XRD data.
The crystallites size is found in the range of 30-40nm and the cell volume decreases with the Al-Cr
substitution. The magnetic properties such as saturation magnetization (MS), remanence (Mr) and
coercivity (Hc) are calculated from hysteresis loops. It is observed that all the magnetic properties i.e.
Ms, Mr and Hc decrease with the increase in Al-Cr contents. The dielectric constant and dielectric loss
decrease with the frequency and are explained on the basis of Koops and Maxwell-Wagner‘s models.
The έ and tanδ decrease with the increase in Al-Cr concentration. The decrease in έ and tanδ with Al-
Cr contents suggest that the synthesized materials are suitable for applications in microwave devices,
as such devices require highly resistive materials.
M-P-040

Antiferromagnetic thickness impact on the exchange bias field in FM/AFM bilayers system

XINWEN FU1, GUIXIN CAO1,2, JINCANG ZHANG1, SHIXUN CAO1, CHAO JING1 and
XUECHU SHEN1
1
Department of Physics, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR CHINA
2
Max-Planck-Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstrasse 1, Stuttgart D-70569, GERMANY
gxcao77@shu.edu.cn

Training effect has been carried out detailed experimental studied in a series of CoO/Co
bilayers grown on Si (100) substrates with different CoO layer thickness, which have distinct initial
asymmetry of the magnetic hysteresis after field cooling to certain temperature. The studied
antiferromagnetic films thickness is 2, 5, 10, 15 and 20 nm, respectively. All samples exhibit a
pronounced asymmetry of the magnetic hysteresis at the first magnetization reversal as compared to
the second reversal. As training effect occurs, the decreased exchange bias field ΔHE keep almost
constant while exchange bias field HE varied with different CoO layer thickness. Training effect
appears due to nucleation and domain wall motion in FM layer and rotation of AFM grains‘
uncompensated magnetic moment in AFM layer. The results reveal that the uncompensated magnetic
moment rotation of AFM grains has impact on exchange bias field HE. This also demonstrates that the
training effect is independence of AFM layer thickness.
M-P-041

J1 − J2 anti-ferromagnetic quantum Heisenberg Model on honeycomb lattice

H. MOSADEQ, F. SHAHBAZI and S.A. JAFARI

Department of Physics, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156 IRAN


hamid.mosadegh@gmail.com

The S = 1/2 Heisenberg model on honeycomb lattice with anti-ferromagnetic nearest neighbor
(J1) and next nearest neighbor (J2) interactions is studied, using Exact Diagonalization (ED) and
Variational Monte Carlo (VMC) methods. For small values of J2, using resonating valence bonds
(RVB) as the variational wavefunctions in VMC method, we found the long range Neel order. The
obtained results from RVB-VMC method is in good agreement with ED method. Increasing the next
nearest neighbor interaction shortens the range of the bonds. The N´eel order remains stable up to
J2/J10.3, at which vanishes through a quantum phase transition. For J2/J1 > 0.3, we calculate the
energies of the nearest-neighbor RVB (NNRVB), Columnar dimerized and plaquette RVB states to
find which is the better candidate for the ground state. Comparing the energies of these state with the
exact results obtained by ED method, we found that the plaquette RVB is closer to the exact ground
state. Investigating various correlations by ED method also shows the existence of plaquette-plaquette
correlation in the ground state in the classically disordered phase.
M-P-042

Continuous models for two-dimensional spin ice

J.E. FONSECA and A.L. MOTA

Departamento de Ciências Naturais, Universidade Federal de São João Del Rei, BRASIL
eriminas@hotmail.com

Spin ices are materials whose possess a frustrated ground state. Those materials were
discovered only in a very recent past. It is also recent the observation of emergent magnetic monopoles
formation on three [1] and artificial two-dimensional spin ice systems [2]. In this work, we develop
continuous spin models with local interaction with frustrated ground states to represent the two-
dimensional spin ice. The states of the continuous system can be mapped onto a discrete lattice,
representing the two-dimensional spin ice system. Excited states are constructed by implementing
continuous meta-stable states that represent spin flipping on the vertexes of the discrete lattice. The
excited states are localized, and the excitation length can be computed by the minimization of the
system Hamiltonian. We also study the emerging of magnetic monopoles and the behavior of the total
energy of the system as a function of the spatial separation of the monopoles.

[1] C. Castelnovo, R. Moessner, S. L. Sondhi., ―Magnetic monopoles in spin ice‖, Nature


451(7174):42-5(2008).
[2] Mol, L. A. S. ; Silva, R. L. ; Silva R.C. ; Pereira, A. R. ; Moura-Melo, W. A. ; Costa, B. V., Journal
of Applied Physics 106 (2009) 063913.
M-P-043

Three-magnon bound states in exactly rung-dimerized spin ladders

P.N. BIBIKOV

Department of Physics, Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg, RUSSIA


bibikov@PB7855.spb.edu

Particle spectrum in rung-dimerized spin ladders models was studied in a number of papers [1-
4] with use of various approximations.
A model of an exactly rung-dimerized spin ladder first suggested in Ref. 5 gives a rise to study
this problem by Bethe Antatz and obtain some new exact results such as two-magnon spectrum [6].
However as it was shown in [7] a complete three-magnon spectrum of general exactly rung-dimerized
spin ladder can not be obtained by Bethe Ansatz except for five special completely integrable models.
Nevertheless the spectrum of bound three-magnon states can be readily obtained. The corresponding
result is presented in the report.
The obtained bound three-magnon states have dispersions very similar to the ones related to
three-magnon states in XXZ spin chain. This fact allows to make a conjecture about dispersions of all
multi-magnon states in a rung-dimerized spin ladder. A knowledge of these dispersions gives a
possibility to suggest a critical value of rung coupling related to the boundary of exactly rung-
dimerized phase.

[1] M. Reigrodtzki, H. Tsunetsugu, T. M. Rice, J. Phys.: Condens. Matter, 6, 9235 (1994).


[2] M. Muller, T. Vekua, H.-J. Mikeska, Phys. Rev. B 66, 134423 (2002).
[3] K. P. Schmidt, G. S. Uhrig, Mod. Phys. Lett., B 19, 1179 (2005).
[4] Z. Weihong, V. N. Kotov, J. Oitmaa, Phys. Rev. B 57, 11439 (1998).
[5] A. K. Kolezhuk, H.-J. Mikeska, Int. J. Mod. Phys. B 12, 2325 (1998).
[6] P. N. Bibikov, Phys. Rev. B 72, 012416 (2005).
[7] P. N. Bibikov, J. Phys. A: Theor. and Gen. 42, 315212 (2009).
M-P-044

Novel spin correlations, fractionalisation in Kitaev Model and emergent Fermionic


and Bosonic excitations in a generalized Kitaev model

SAPTARSHI MANDAL

International Center for Condensed Matter Physics, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, BRAZIL
saptarshi@imsc.res.in

We study a Frustrated Quantum Spin model on a Hexagonal lattice which was originally
proposed and analyzed by A.Kitaev [1]. This novel spin model was proposed to have possible
connections with topological quantum computations. He showed that the model has an infinite number
of conserved quantities and computed the energy eigenvalues of the ground state energy and a set of
low lying excited states exactly. Extending the Kitaev's fermionization we have introduced the concept
of bond fermion which greatly clarifies the dynamics of the spin and facilitates the computation of
spin-spin correlation function [2]. We have found, at all energy scale, fractionalization of a spin-flip
into two infinitely massive pi-fluxes and a dynamical Majorana fermion. In particular two spin
dynamical correlation function is zero beyond nearest neighbor separation. This is true for any eigen
state. Further we have applied Jordan-Wigner transformation on a torus for this model which yields a
fermionic model with local interactions. We reproduce the earlier results on the spectrum of the model
in the fermionic representation. We explicitly show that in the thermodynamic limit ground state is
four fold degenerate. We discuss some result on entanglement for this model which shows signature of
when spectrum of this model undergoes a transition from gapless to gaped region. We also present an
exactly solvable model in 3 Dimension which has Kitaev type Hamiltonian [3]. We show that in
certain region of the phase space it supports emergent fermionic and bosonic excitations along with
nontrivial loop excitations in 3 dimensions.

[1] A. Yu. Kitaev, Ann Phys, vol-2, 321, (2003).


[2] G. Baskaran, Saptarshi Mandal, R Shankar, Phys Rev Let, vol-98, p 247201(2007).
[3] Saptarshi Mandal, Naveen Surender,. Phys Rev B, vol-79, p-024426.
M-P-046

Molecular field theory analysis of TbCo3-xCux compounds

N. KERVAN and S. KERVAN


U

Nevşehir University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Physics Department, 50300, Nevşehir, TURKEY
selcuk.kervan@nevsehir.edu.tr

The molecular field theory based on two-sublattice model was employed to analyze the
temperature dependence of the magnetization and exchange interactions in TbCo 3-xCux (0≤x≤0.5)
compounds. The molecular field coefficients nCoCo, nTbCo and nTbTb were obtained by a numerical
fitting process. The exchange coupling constants JCoCo, JTbCo and JTbTb have been calculated by using
the molecular field coefficients. The Co-Co exchange energy decreases with increasing x. JCoCo
dominates the three kinds of interactions, implying that the magnetic interactions are dominated by the
exchange between 3d electrons. The copper substitution has little influence on Tb-Co exchange
interaction.
The binary intermetallic RCo3 compounds, where R is a rare earth element, crystallize in the
rhombohedral PuNi3-type crystal structure with the space group R 3 m. In this crystal structure, R
atoms occupy 3a and 6c sites, while Co atoms are distributed over three different sites 3b, 6c and 18h.
Since the exchange coupling between the R and Co magnetic moments is antiferromagnetic, they
mostly show collinear magnetic structures, ferrimagnetic with heavy R and ferromagnetic ones with
light R [1,2]. The magnetic properties of TbCo3-xCux compounds were studied by Tetean et al. [3].
According to Tetean et al., TbCo3-xCux compounds with (0≤x≤0.5) orders ferrimagnetically.

[1] N. H. Duc and T. Goto, Handbook of Physics and Chemistry of Rare Earth. In: Gschneidner KA Jr,
Eyring L, editors. Amsterdam: North Holland;1999. p. 177–264.
[2] J. J. M. Franse and R. J. Radwanski, Handbook of Magnetic Materials. In: Buschow K.H.J., Editor.
Amsterdam: North Holland;1993. p. 307–501.
[3] R. Tetean E. Burzo and I. G. Deac, J. Alloys and Comp. 442, 206 (2007).
M-P-047

The effect of demagnetizing loop squareness on high temperature magnetic properties of Sm


(CobalFe0.1Cu0.1Zr0.033)6.93 permanent magnets

M. FAISAL and C. JIANG


U U

Department of Material Science and Engineering , Beihang University, Beijing 100083 CHINA
faisalrathore@yahoo.com

The high temperature magnetic materials research is truly pervasive, as it is crucial for success of
many applications like, aircraft, aerospace and modern weapon systems. The stability of high
temperature magnetic properties depends on good loop squareness (Hk) and density of magnetic
materials. The stable value of energy product (BHmax) and coercivity have been achieved after proper
homogenizing the magnetic alloy at different combinations of solution treatment temperatures and
time. The best value of loop squareness has been found at 1185oC while the other temperature resulted
in poor demagnetization curves at high temperatures. The possible reasons for poor demagnetization
loop squareness in second quadrant are non soluble phase left after melting, porosity after pressing,
low density, 1:5 magnetic phase, oxidation and heat treatment conditions. A model has been presented
for explaining movement of domain walls during demagnetization. The microstructure and chemical
analysis conducted by scanning electron microscope attached with EDS and EPMA testing have also
confirmed the reasons for low Hk value. The macromagnetic analysis is very useful in getting best loop
squareness and magnetic properties of high temperature permanent magnetic material.

8000
7000 o
6000 AT 500 C
5000
4000
3000
2000
M (G)

1000
0
-1000
-2000
-3000
-4000 o
1185 C
o
-5000 1180 C
o
-6000 1175 C
-7000
-8000
-15000 -10000 -5000 0 5000 10000 15000

i
HC (KOe)

[1] Marcos Flávio de Campos, Materials Science Forum Vols. 591-593, 8-12 (2008).
[2] K.J. Strnat, Proc. of IEEE Vol. 78, 923 (1990).
[3] J.F. Liu, G.C. Hadjipanayis, Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials,195, 620-626 (1999).
M-P-048

Magnetooptic characterization of microstructured FePt and CoPd thin films for quantitative
magnetic force microscopy

T. SCHURIG1, S.W. SCHUMACHER1, S. SIEVERS1 and L. DOROSINSKII2


1
Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Bundesallee 100, D-38116 Braunschweig, GERMANY
2
TUBITAK-UME, Gebze-Kocaeli, TURKEY
dorosins@ume.tubitak.gov.tr

Magnetic force microscopy (MFM) is the most versatile, fast, and robust technique for the
characterization of magnetic nanostructures. However, currently it is only a qualitative technique not
capable of obtaining quantitative maps of magnetic field distribution at the nanoscale. Establishing
quantitative MFM measurements is one of the goals of the international project NanoSpin carried out
in the frame of the European Metrology Research Program (EMRP) [1]. One of the main difficulties in
achieving this goal is the invasive nature of MFM, that is the stray fields of the MFM tip disturb the
structure of the sample being studied. Therefore, hard magnetic materials with high anisotropy field
should be used as reference samples for the quantitative MFM.
To obtain reference samples for the quantitative MFM, FePt and CoPd thin films were prepared
and patterned using optical lithography and focused ion beam. These samples can be used for the
calibration of MFM using a transfer function approach. However, in order to establish a metrological
basis for this approach, the same samples should be characterized using an independent technique
directly traceable to the magnetic field standards. Magnetooptics is very suitable for such
measurements because it is a very simple technique, it can be easily calibrated using uniform magnetic
field standards and, at the same time, it provides quantitative spatially resolved magnetic field maps.
Although magnetooptics cannot achieve manometer resolution, it can be used as a reference method
for the micrometer scale.
Magnetooptic indicator films with a high saturation field above 0.6 T required for the
characterization of hard magnetic materials were prepared and used to characterize hard magnetic thin
films. Magnetooptic images having a high contrast were obtained on the samples studied. A good
correlation between magnetooptic and MFM images has been observed. Obtained quantitative maps of
magnetic field distribution will be used to verify the transfer function approach used for the calibration
of quantitative MFM. Thus metrological basis will be established for the MFM measurements, which
is required for many industrial applications of magnetic force microscopy.

[1] www.nanospin.eu
M-P-049

Monte Carlo study of the magnetic behavior of a ferrimagnetic nanoparticle Ising model

A. ZAIM and M. KEROUAD

Laboratoire Physique des Matériaux et Modélisation des Systèmes (LP2MS),


Faculté des Sciences (Unité Associée au CNRST-URAC), B.P. 11201, Zitoune, Meknes, MOROCCO
ah_zaim@yahoo.com; kerouad@fs-umi.ac.ma..

The magnetic properties and the critical behaviors of a single ferrimagnetic nanoparticle on a
simple cubic lattice are studied by Monte Carlo method. In particular, the effects of the crystal field
and the next-nearest-neighbor interaction on the compensation phenomenon are investigated. We find
that the compensation phenomenon exists in some parameter regime.
M-P-050

Size-dependent magnetic and structural properties of La0.8Ca0.2CoO3 nanoparticles

I. FITA1,2, D. MOGILYANSKY 3, A. WISNIEWSKI1, V. MARKOVICH4, R. PUZNIAK1,


L. MESHI5, L. TITELMAN4, V.N. VARYUKHIN2 and G. GORODETSKY 4
1
Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Aleja Lotnikow 32/46, 02-668 Warsaw, POLAND
2
Donetsk Institute for Physics & Technology, Academy of Sciences, 83114 Donetsk, UKRAINE
3
Institute of Applied Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105 Beer-Sheva, ISRAEL
4
Department of Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105 Beer-Sheva, ISRAEL
5
Department of Material Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105 Beer-Sheva, ISRAEL
mogily@bgu.ac.il

LaCoO3 based perovskites have attracted recently much attention due to their peculiar feature
to change the Co3+ spin state. The additional spin degree of freedom leads to unusual physical
properties of cobaltites that may be controlled also with external parameters such as pressure, strain or
electric field. Recently, a puzzling ferromagnetism with TC  85 K was found in nanocrystalline
LaCoO3 (small particles and thin films) [1,2] despite the nonmagnetic ground state of bulk material. It
was also shown recently that ferromagnetism in epitaxial LaCoO3 films may be controlled by external
electric field by tuning the strain in piezoelectric substrate [3]. In contrast to intensive research on
nanocrystalline LaCoO3 only few magnetic studies are performed as yet for nanosized half-doped
cobaltites [4].
Magnetic and structural properties of nanocrystalline low-doped La0.8Ca0.2CoO3 cobaltites with
particle size of 8, 13, 23, and 50 nm, prepared by the glycine-nitrate method, were investigated in
temperature range 5 – 320 K, magnetic field up to 50 kOe and under hydrostatic pressure up to 10
kbar. With particle downsizing, a noticeable expansion of unit cell with concomitant changes in the
rhombohedral structure towards the cubic one was observed.
It was found that the increased surface-disorder effect strongly suppresses the ferromagnetic
state in La0.8Ca0.2CoO3 nanoparticles leading to a decrease, by factor of about 2, both in spontaneous
magnetic moment, Ms, and Curie temperature, TC, when particle‘s size decreases from 23 to 8 nm. The
effective magnetic moment eff was found also to decrease distinctly due to the strong interdependence
between Co-O-Co interaction and Co spin state. The size-induced magnetic disorder drives the
La0.8Ca0.2CoO3 nanoparticles to a dominant glassy behavior for 8 nm particles. This is evidenced by
the fact that the freezing temperature varies with magnetic field in a strict conformity with the de
Almeida-Thouless law for spin glasses and also by the observation of characteristic slowing down in
the spin dynamics.
A peculiar reduction of coercive field HC observed with reducing size from 23 to 8 nm
resembles a characteristic behavior of single domain ferromagnetic particles. The applied pressure
suppresses TC, Ms, and coercive field HC, which is very similar to that observed in bulk
La0.8Ca0.2CoO3. Nevertheless in nanoparticles the pressure effect on TC is noticeably stronger, while
HC diminishes with pressure much slowly then that in bulk material.

[1] J.-Q. Yan, J.-S Zhou and J. B. Goodenough, Phys. Rev. B 70, 014402 (2004).
[2] D. Fuchs, C. Pinta, T. Schwarz, P. Schweiss, P. Nagel, S. Schuppler, R. Schneider, M. Merz, G.
Roth and H. v. Löhneysen, Phys. Rev. B 75, 144402 (2007).
[3] A. Herklotz, A. D. Rata, L. Schultz and K. Dörr, Phys. Rev. B 79, 092409 (2009).
[4] B. Roy and S. Das, Appl. Phys. Lett. 92, 233101 (2008).
M-P-051

Determination of covalency effect in some nearly perfect octahedral Co2+ complexes

FIKRET ISIK1, SEVGI GURLER1 and ALI BAYRI2


1
Trakya Üniversitesi, Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi Fizik Bölümü, Edirne TURKEY
2
Adıyaman Üniversitesi, Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi Fizik Bölümü, Adıyaman TURKEY
isikfikret@yahoo.com

Since the Co2+ ion has 3 unpaired electrons it has some magnetic moment itself. As is well
known from experiments and theoretical studies, this ion in some different surrounding has same
orbital contribution to this magnetic moment. Hence the investigation of the orbital contribution is
quite important in different environments. In this study, the amount of this contribution has been
analyzed for some recently reported complexes. It is resized that in order to get some deeper
understanding for this contribution the arrangement should be nearly perfect one.
M-P-052

Synthesis of iron-oxide nanoparticles at different temperatures

O. KARAAGAC 1, H. KOCKAR 1 and T. TANRISEVER 2


1
Physics Department, Science & Literature Faculty, Balikesir University, 10145, Cagis, Balikesir, TURKEY
2
Chemistry Department, Science & Literature Faculty, Balikesir University, 10145, Cagis, Balikesir, TURKEY
hkockar@balikesir.edu.tr

Co-precipitation is one of the most wide-spread techniques to obtain nanoparticles [1]. It is


used to synthesize magnetic nanoparticles from their metal salts in a basic medium in inert gas
atmosphere especially nitrogen. The synthesis conditions were seen to have significant effects on the
properties of nanoparticles [2]. In this study, iron-oxide nanoparticles were synthesized in air
atmosphere. The influence of the temperature on their structural and magnetic properties was
investigated. Crystal structure of the synthesized samples was investigated using x-ray diffraction
technique. It was observed that the intensity of the peaks in the patterns and crystallinity increased as
the temperature increased. As an example, the XRD pattern of the sample is given in Figure 1 and the
mean crystallite size obtained from the pattern is 10.8 nm. Morphological observation was made by
transmission electron microscope. The size of iron oxide nanoparticles was found closer to the one
obtained from XRD pattern. Magnetization curves were measured using vibrating sample
magnetometer, and the samples showed superparamagnetic behavior. The magnetic sizes calculated
according to the magnetic data were almost the same for all samples.

(311)
Intensity (a.u.)

(440)
(220) (511)
(400)
(422) (620)(533)

20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Two theta (degree)
Figure 1. XRD pattern of iron-oxide nanoparticles.

[1] A.H. Lu, E. L. Salabas, F. Schüth, Angewandte Chemie Int. Ed. 46, 1222-1244 (2007).
[2] L. Babes, B. Denizot, G. Tanguy, J. J. Le Jeune, P. Jallet, Journal of Colloid and Interface Science
212, 474-482 (1999).
M-P-053

Phase identification of nanocrystalline La-doped hard magnetic Barium Hexaferrite using


artificial neural network

I. KUCUK1, H. SOZERI2 and H. OZKAN3


1
Physics Department, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Uludag University, Gorukle Campus, 16059 Bursa, TURKEY
2
TUBITAK-UME, National Metrology Institute, PO Box 54, TR-41470 Gebze-Kocaeli, TURKEY
3
Physics Department, Middle East Technical University, 06531, Ankara, TURKEY
ikucuk@uludag.edu.tr

In this study, an artificial neural network (ANN) has been developed to compute XRD patterns
of pure barium ferrite and La-doped barium ferrite powders which have been synthesized in
ammonium nitrate melt. The input parameters were the Fe/Ba ratio, La content, sintering temperature,
HCl washing and applied magnetic field. A total of 9500 input data set from currently measured 35
different samples with different La content, Fe/Ba ratio and washed in HCl (or not washed in HCl)
samples were available in the training set to a multilayer perceptron (MLP) neural network trained by
genetic algorithm. The hyperbolic tangent and sigmoid transfer functions were used in the hidden layer
and output layer, respectively. The correlation coefficients for the XRD patterns were found to be 0. 99
after the network was trained.
M-P-054

Magnetic field effect on growth of ferromagnetic thin films and nano clusters

J. YOO1, K. KWAK1, J. RHEE1, H. Y. LEE1, D. YOUM1, C. W. AHN2, B. J. PARK3 and Y. H. HAN3


1
Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, REPUBLIC OF KOREA
2
MEMS & BioTeam,National Nanofab Center, Daejeon, REPUBLIC OF KOREA
3
Storage team, Green Growth Lab., Korea Electric Power Research Institute, Daejeon 305-380, SOUTH KOREA
jyoo@kaist.ac.kr or jaeunyoo@hotmail.com

In this report, we aim to investigate the magnetic field effect on the growth and magnetic
properties of the ferromagnetic thin films and nano clusters. The ferromagnetic thin films such as
nickel and iron were deposited using dc magnetron sputtering, and the nickel nano clusters were
deposited using the nano cluster deposition system (Mantis Deposition Ltd. Nanosys 500). During the
deposition of the thin film and nano clusters dc magnetic field was applied to the substrate in the
perpendicular or parallel direction to the substrate surface. The substrate magnetic field was varied
from 0 to 3000 G. In the Nanosys 500 system, the size and density of the nickel nano clusters were 5 ~
15 nm and 100~1000 N/m2, respectively, controlled by varying sputtering power, He/Ar ratio of the
mixture gas flow, and the length of the cooling zone. The magnetic hysteresis loops measured by using
SQUID, MFM & TEM Images, and XRD results will be compared with those results of the films and
nano clusters deposited without the substrate magnetic field.

This research was supported by a Grant from Electric Power Industry Technology Evaluation
and Planning Center (ETEP), Republic of Korea.
M-P-055

Structure and magnetic properties of nanocrystalline Fe–50% Ni alloys produced by


mechanical alloying

KH. GHEISARI1 , J. T. OH2 and S. JAVADPOUR3


1
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, IRAN
2
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, S639798, SINGAPORE
3
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Engineering, Shiraz University, Shiraz, IRAN
Ahledel227@yahoo.com

Mechanical alloying (MA) is a solid state process used to obtain a variety of equilibrium and
non-equilibrium alloy phases. This process is a powerful technique which allows the preparation of
nanostructured FeNi alloys. The alloy formation and solid phase transformation of Fe–50% Ni alloy
powders during milling process is investigated in this study. The effects of milling time on the phase
structure, microstructure properties and the magnetic properties of the ball milled powders were
studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and the
vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), respectively. The lattice parameter, lattice strain, crystallite
size and quantitative amount of γ-(Fe,Ni) phase have been estimated from Rietveld‘s powder structure
refinement analysis of XRD data. The results show that the composition of blended powders changes
gradually from the pure elemental state to the nanostructured FCC γ-(Fe,Ni) solid solution phase at the
milling time of 24h. The results also indicate that the lattice strain increases from 0.05% to 0.32%, the
grain size decreases from 248 to 12 nm and the saturation magnetization increases from 128 to 149
emu/g, when the milling time increases from 0h to 72h.

Fig 1. TEM micrograph of Fe–50 wt. % Ni powders milled at 72h milling time (a) bright field image,
(b) corresponding diffraction pattern.

[1] C. Suryanarayana, Prog. Mater. Sci. 46, 1-184 (2001).


[2] R. Hamzaoui, O. Elkedim, E. Gaffet, Mater. Sci. Eng. A 381, 363–371 (2004).
M-P-056

Effects of the interacting nanoparticles BaFe12O19

L.P.OLKHOVIK1, Z.I.SIZOVA1, E.V.SHURINOVA1 and A.S.KAMZIN2,


1
V.N.Karazin Kharkov National University, Svobody sq. 4, 61077, Kharkov, UKRAINE
2
Ioffe Physicotechnical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 194021, RUSSIA
Larisa.P.Olkhovik@univer.kharkov.ua

We proposed the new approach in the study of the specific character of the magnetic properties
of the ensembles of small particles, which is been based on the results of establishing the complex
correlations of three most important effects, namely: to sizes, to surfaces and collectivity, which is
caused by magnetic interaction between the particles.
In this report are analyzed the experimental data from the cycle of the author's papers, in which
by the subject of a study was the system of nanocrystals of BaFe12O19 with particles distribution in
diameter from 10 to 100 nm and by the volumes, which correspond to the criterion of small Stoner-
Wolfart particles. The uniqueness of this system consists in the fact that in the region of magnetic field
(H) 0-20 kOe and temperatures, (T) 300-750K, in the considered space (H-T) it realizes several
magnetic states: magnetostable (MS), superparamagnetic (SPM), paramagnetic (PM), and also mixed
(MS+PM and/or SPM+PM). The mixed state in the separately undertaken particle was discovered at
temperatures lower than Curie point for powder on 30K. Furthermore, because of the plate form of
particles and commensurability of their thickness with the structure-defective near-surface layer with
―canted‖ magnetic structure, vividly appear surface effects. In particular, with an increase in the
temperature is observed a change in the form ―surface‖ anisotropy (anisotropy of near-surface layer)
from the planar to the axial.
For the characteristic of collective effect together with the parameter Δm(H,T), introduced as
the measure for resulting magnetic interaction, was for the first time introduced the space ΔН(Т), in
which the parameter Δm≠0. This allowed via the comparison of the triple diagram (Δm-Н-Т), which
reflects the complete picture of interactions between the particles. The study of (Н-Т) diagram make it
possible reveal number critical temperature, at which collective єffect respond on proceeding change
magnetic state in system of particle both as a whole, so and in separate particle and even on its surface.
The discovered variety of the correlations of the parameters, which reflect different mechanisms of the
specific character of the magnetic properties formation of small particles and their ensembles, indicates
the undesirability of radical simplifications both at the experimental and theoretical study of this
problem.

This work supported by FRSF MES of Ukraine (F28.7/014) and by Russian Foundation for
Basic Research (09-02-90447), and by the Fundamental Researches State Fund of the Ministry of
Education and Science of Ukraine (contract F25/229-2008).
M-P-057

Field dependence of the orbital contribution to the magnetic moment of 3d6 octahedral
complexes

M. AKIF SABANER1, METIN MERIC1 and ALI BAYRI2


1
Trakya Üniversitesi, Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi Fizik Bölümü, Edirne TURKEY
2
Adıyaman Üniversitesi, Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi Fizik Bölümü, Adıyaman TURKEY
asabaner@trakya.edu.tr

It is well known that the ground term wave function of 3d6 ion in an octahedral surrounding is
5
T2g. It is also well investigated that T ground term has always bring some orbital contribution to the
magnetic moment. In this study we have considered some reported Fe2+ and Co3+ octahedral
complexes. Since the spin orbit coupling constants are different for these two ions, we have tried to get
some ideas about whether or not this contribution has some dependencies to the spin orbit coupling
constant.
M-P-058

Room temperature ferromagnetic ordering in lanthanum substituted nano cobalt ferrite

PAWAN KUMAR1, SANGEETA THAKUR2, S.K. SHARMA3 and M. SINGH1


1
Department of physics, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla INDIA
2
Sangeeta Thakur, Jaypee University Information Technology, Waknaghat, Solan INDIA
3
S. K. Sharma, Low Temperature Laboratory, Instituto de Física Gleb Wataghin (Physics Institute), Campinas, Sao Paulo
BRASIL
pawankumarsolan@gmail.com

Nano cobalt lanthanum ferrite (CoLaxFe2-x O4) with varied quantities of lanthanum (x=0, 0.1,
0.15, 0.2, 0.25, 0.3) have been synthesized via co-precipitation method. X-ray diffraction and
transmission electron microscopy confirmed the size, structure, and morphology of the ferrite samples.
The addition of lanthanum in cobalt ferrite has been shown to play important role in enhancing the
magnetic properties. Room temperature Mossbauer spectra revealed that the nano cobalt ferrite exhibit
collective magnetic excitations while lanthanum doped cobalt ferrite have the ferromagnetic phase.
The dependence of Mossbauer parameters, such as isomer shift, quadrupole splitting, line width, and
hyperfine magnetic field, on lanthanum concentration has been studied . The Mossbauer studies on
these nanosystems show that the cation distribution depends on the particle size as well as on
preparation route. These results are also supported by magnetisation data. Well defined sextets and
appearance of hysteresis at room temperature indicate the existence of ferromagnetic couplings and
this makes nano lanthanum doped cobalt ferrites suitable for magnetic storage devices.

[1] S. Thakur et al., J. Applied Phys. 105,07A521 (2009).


[2] M.A. Zinoik and E.V. Zinivik Powder Metallurgy and Metal Ceramics, 44, 66 (2005).
[3] K.S. Matirosyan Inorganic Materials 40, 527 (2004).
[4] B.P. Rao and K.H. Rao, J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 44,292 (2005).
[5] B.G.Toksha et al., Solid State Comm.479, 147 (2008).
M-P-059

Understanding the role of EGBE solvent in the thermal decompositon of iron-oleate: From low
to high oleic acid concentration

F. OZEL1, S. BEYAZ2, H.KOCKAR1 and T. TANRISEVER2


1
Department of Physics, Balikesir University, 10145, Balikesir, TURKEY
2
Department of Chemistry Balikesir University, 10145, Balikesir, TURKEY
sedacan@balikesir.edu.tr

Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles have received much attention due to their broad
applications including biomolecule tagging, imaging, sensing and separation as well as targeted drug
and gene delivery [1-3]. In this work, they were synthesized by thermal decomposition of iron oleate
using triethylene glycol monobutyl ether (EGBE) as a novel solvent at 280 oC. During the study, the
oleic acid amount was varied from 0.4 ml to 2.2 ml to be able to understand interactions between
EGBE and oleic acid. In order to investigate the sizes and shapes of the synthesized nanoparticles, high
resolution electron microscopy (HRTEM) was used and it was found that the particles size increased
from 9.2 nm to 11.4 nm with the increase of oleic acid amount. In addition it was observed that the
particle size distribution became broader and the particle shape changed from spherical to quasi-cubic
in the micrographs. The crystal structure of nanoparticles which was analysized by x-ray diffraction
method showed the composition of magnetite or maghemite. The size analysis, called crystal size, also
was calculated by Scherer equation using XRD data. The increase of particle size was confirmed by
XRD, however the particles sizes were found smaller than the ones obtained from HRTEM because of
oleic acid layer the surrounding nanoparticles. Magnetic measurements by vibrating sample
magnetometer showed the iron oxide nanoparticles are superparamagnetic with zero coercivity and
have saturation magnetisation decreasing from 65 emu/g to 31 emu/g at high concentration of oleic
acid. Infrared spectrum revealed that the characteristic band of EGBE at 1116 cm-1(-R-O-R) was
present on iron oxide nanoparticles indicating the binding of EGBE to iron oxide nanoparticles due to
esterification reaction with oleic acid. Thus the coating percentage of oleic acid, which affects surface
magnetism, on surface of nanoparticles was found highly low by thermal gravimetric analysis.
Consequently, EGBE solvent provides that the nanoparticles have fine magnetic properties.

[1] M. Muhammed, T. Tsakalakos, J. Korean Ceram. Soci. 40 11, 1027 (2003).


[2] An-Hui Lu, E. L. Salabas, and Ferdi Schutch, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 46, 1222 (2007).
[3] S. Laurent, D. Forge, M. Port, A. Roch, C. Robic, L. V. Elst, R. N. Muller, Chem. Rev.108, 2064
(2008).
M-P-060

Structure, electronic and magnetic properties of nanolayer and bulk of MnCo2Si and MnFeCoSi
compounds

S.IZADI 1 and Z.NOURBAKHSH 2


1
Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Kashan, 0361, IRAN
sepide.izadi@gmail.com
2
Department,of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Isfahan, 0311, IRAN
z.nourbakhsh@ui.ac.ir

In the present work we have investigated the structural, electronic and magnetic properties of
MnCo2Si and MnFeCoSi in bulk and nanolayer using density functional theory. The total energies are
calculated as a function of volume and thereby the bulk modulus and their pressure derivatives are
determined. We have calculated the total and partial electron density of state by considering the effect
of atoms at the surface of these nanolayers on the electron density of state in the ferromagnetic phase
[1]. The spin polarized density of states show that the half metallicity [2] confimed in the bulk
MnCo2Si and MnFeCoSi but it lost at their surfaces in nanolayer. We have investigated the effect of
pressure on the magnetic moment and electron density of state of these compounds in bulk and
nanolayer.

[1] G.H. Fecher, H.C. Kandpal, S. Wurmehl, C. Felser, and G. Schonhense, J. Appl. Phys. (to be
published)
[2] R.A. de Groot, F.M. Mueller, P.G. van Engen, and K.H.J. Buschow, Phys.Rev.Lett. 50, 2024
(1983).
M-P-061

Synthesis and magnetic properties of Mn12 single-molecule magnet


Mn12O12(O2CC6H4CN(-p))16(H2O)4 with enhanced magnetic anisotropy

T.L. MAKAROVA1,2, V.S. ZAGAYNOVA1, N.G. SPITSINA3 and E.B. YAGUBSKII3


1
Department of Experimental Physics, Umea University, 90187 Umeå, SWEDEN
2
Ioffe PTI RAS, 194021 St. Petersburg, RUSSIA
3
Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics RAS, 142432 Chernogolovka, Moscow Region, RUSSIA
valeria.zagainova@physics.umu.se

Mn12-based single molecular magnets (SMMs) have been intensively investigated during the
last 10-15 years and remain to be the best known family of SMMs. There is a huge library of ligand
modifications, and it was demonstrated that magnetic properties of SMMs are strongly dependent on
type of ligands that makes it possible to produce magnets with designed properties. Possible future
outlet of SMMs includes new types of magnetic memory, wireless communications, biological
applications, quantum computers.
For applications, blocking temperature (TB) of SMMs which typically is around 3 K should be
significantly increased. The highest reported value today is 9.6 K [1]. We report on the synthesis and
magnetic properties of new Mn12 complex substituted by 4-cyanbenzoic acid and its
tetraphenylphosphonium salts, [Mn12O12(O2CC6H4CN(-p))16(H2O)4].
DC magnetic measurements were performed at a Quantum Design SQUID magnetometer
(MPMS-XL-1) on microcrystalline powder samples. The dc magnetic susceptibility ( M) data were
collected in the 1.76 -300 K range in a 0.01 T magnetic field.
The produced complex demonstrates unusual magnetic behaviour, notably, sharp increase in
blocking temperature TB: FC and ZFC magnetization curves are split below TB ~15 K while common
blocking temperatures for previously reported Mn12-based SMMs are around 3.5 K. The non-linearity
of magnetization, presence of remnant magnetization and coercive force is also present above 10 K
(Fig. 1). Experimental results indicate that the magnetic anisotropy of [Mn12O12(O2CC6H4CN(-
p))16(H2O)4] significantly differs from previously studied SMMs; the characteristics of this Mn12
complex are promising for possible future applications.

Figure 2. M(H) magnetization loops.

[1] D.M. Seo, V. Meenakshi, W. Teizer, H. Zhao and K.R. Dunbar, Enhanced magnetic anisotropy of
Mn12-acetate. J. Mag. Magn. Mater. 301 31-36 (2006).
M-P-062
Synthesis, structure and magnetic properties of FePt nanoparticles

WEI LU1 and BIAO YAN1


1
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Lab. of D&A for Metal-Functional Materials, Tongji
University, Shanghai 200092, CHINA
weilu@tongji.edu.cn

Since 2000, great efforts have been made to produce monodisperse face-centered-tetragonal
(fct) FePt nanoparticles driven by potential applications of the magnetically anisotropic nanoparticles
in high-density recording media and high-performance nanocomposite magnets. Preparation of high
quality FePt nanoparticles with desired size and shape is a prerequisite to investigate and utilize their
properties. Relatively simple and reproducible approaches for the synthesis of FePt nanoparticles of
controllable size are of great fundamental and technological interest. In this presentation, the synthesis,
structure and magnetic properties of FePt nanoparticles with small grain size and uniform distribution
are investigated. Monodisperse FePt nanoparticles were synthesized by co-reduction of different
precusors. The structural and magnetic properties were investigated with TEM, XRD, EDX, and
AGFM, respectively. Post-annealing was performed under vacuum ( ~10-7Torr) at 550oC for 30 mins.
Si (100) wafer was used as substrate.
The composition of obtained nanoparticles is around Fe52Pt48, as characterized by EDX. From the
XRD patterns, it is shown that the as-prepared FePt nanoparticles have a typical chemically disordered
face-centered-cubic (fcc) structure with FePt (111) and (200) peaks. The long range chemically
ordered fct structure is clearly observed in the annealed FePt nanoparticles, which indicates that the
disordered fcc structure transforms to ordered fct structure in FePt nanoparticles after annealing at 550
o
C for 30 mins. Fig.1 and Fig.2 show the high resolution TEM images of as-prepared and annealed
Fe53Pt47 nanoparticles, respectively. It can be seen that in the as-prepred sample, FePt nanoparticles
with grain size around 2~3nm are uniformly ditributed in the matrix. After annealing, large size of
particles are formed and HRTEM image shows that the large particles is consisted of small
particles.There is no significant grain size change on the original particles after heat treatment. AGFM
measurement indicates that the as-prepared FePt nanoparticles are of soft magnetic state while after
annealing, the FePt nanoparticles become hard with a coercivity around 1.8kOe. The change in
magnetic properties mainly dues to the phase transformation from disordered fcc to ordered fct phase
in FePt nanoparticles before and after annealing.

Fig. 1. TEM image of as-prepared FePt Fig. 2. TEM image of annealed FePt nanoparticles.
nanoparticles.
M-P-063

Preparation, growth, and magnetic properties of Al doped ZnMgAlO nanopowders and


thin films

Y. AKTAS1, C. BOYRAZ2, N. DOGAN3 and L. ARDA4


1
Institute for Graduate Studies in Pure and Applied Sciences, Marmara University, Goztepe, 34722, Istanbul, TURKEY
2
Department of Physics, Marmara University Goztepe 34722 Istanbul, TURKEY
3Department of Physics,Gebze High Technology Enstitute,Gebze, Kocaeli, TURKEY
4
Department of Sciences, Bahcesehir University, Besiktas, 34349, Istanbul, TURKEY
lutfi.arda@bahcesehir.edu.tr

In this study; preparation, growth, microstucture and magnetic properties of Al-doped ZnMgO
nanoparticles and thin films were investigated. Precursor solutions of Zny-x MgzAlxO with different
ratio (y=0.95, 0.90, 0.85, 0.80, 0.75), (x=0.0, 0.01, 0.02, 0.05, 0.1) and (z=0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25)
were prepared by using sol-gel synthesis to produce nanopowders and thin films. Coating thickness for
5, 10, 15 and 20 dips of samples were determined. The sol-gel Al doped ZnMgO thin films were
grown on glass substrate. To understand the relationship between temperature and time, with different
dip number thin film samples annealed in air furnace at various temperatures such as 600, 575 and 550
C for 10, 30, 60, 120, 300, 600 and 1200 min. The particle size and crystal structure of nanopowders
were characterized by Scanning Electron miscroscope and X-Ray diffraction. Microstructure, surface
morphologies and magnetic properties of Zn0.8-xMg0.2AlxO were also examined by XRD, SEM, EDS,
AFM, and Quantum design PPMS measurement system. Surface morphologies of Zn0.79 Mg0.2Al0.01O
and Zn0.75 Mg0.2Al0.05O thin films are dense, without porosity, uniform, crack and pinhole free.
M-P-064

Magnetic heating in nanoparticles La1-xSrxMnO3

O. KAMAN, Z. JIRAK, M. MARYSKO, M. VEVERKA, P. VEVERKA and E. POLLERT

Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC


jirak@fzu.cz

One of the applications of magnetic nanoparticles is hyperthermia - a therapeutic method of


cancer treatment which utilizes heating effects of the particles deposited in a tumor and subjected to a
high-frequency magnetic field. A particular attention should be paid to the risk of local overheating
which may damage surrounding healthy tissues. An effective approach to rule out this undesirable
effect is the self-controlled heating mechanism based on the use of a hyperthermia mediator having
Curie temperature of the transition from the ferro- or ferrimagnetic to the paramagnetic state closely
above the therapeutic temperature. For this sake the mixed-valency perovskite manganites La1-
xSrxMnO3 in the compositional range x=0.2-0.5 appear suitable.
The La1-xSrxMnO3 nanoparticles of the controlled size were prepared employing the sol - gel
citrate method, followed by the thermal treatment and mechanical processing. On the basis of static
magnetic measurements, the nanoparticles of composition x=0.25 with size of dXRD = 20-60 nm
possessing TC = 335-350 K and M750kA/m = 20-60 Am2kg-1 at room temperature were selected for
further studies. The La0.75Sr0.25MnO3 magnetic cores were subsequently coated by the silica shell,
which provided the colloidal stability and created simultaneously a durable barrier between the
magnetic core and biological system, crucial for future hyperthermia applications [1, 2].
The present contribution focusses to physical effects that influence the magnetic properties and
heating efficiency of the bare and silica coated nanoparticles in dry form or dispersed in liquid
medium. This concerns the origin of the magnetically dead layer in ferromagnetic manganites with
dominant double exchange interactions and the microscopic understanding of dynamic magnetization
processes in a broad range of the magnetic field variables and the particle size distributions. A special
attention is devoted to an investigation of heat flows from the particle cores to the medium, important
for the samples in a form of stable suspension or particles internalized into biological cells. The heat
exchange in such systems is a complex process where thermal resistance of the magnetic core surface
layer and silica coating, heat convection at the solid-liquid interface and heat losses to the surroundings
should all be taken into account.

[1] O. Kaman et al., Nanotechnology 20, 275610 (2009).


[2] E. Pollert et al., J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 316, 122 (2007).
M-P-066

Comparative study for magnetic properties of ferromagnetic bulks, films and nano clusters

K. KWAK1, J. YOO1, H. LEE1, J. RHEE1, D. YOUM1, B.J. PARK2 and Y.H. HAN2
1
Department of Physics, 373-1 Guseong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-701, REPUBLIC OF KOREA
2
Energy Storage team, Green Growth Lab., Korea Electric Power Research Institute, Daejeon 305-380, SOUTH KOREA
kisung@kaist.ac.kr

The magnetic properties of the ferromagnetic materials such as iron and nickel with the
different dimensionality were investigated. About 5 nm size of the nickel nano clusters for lowest
dimensional study were deposited by using the commercial nano cluster generation system. The iron
and nickel films for 2-dimentional study were fabricated by dc magnetron sputtering method at room
temperature, of which thickness was varied from a few nano meters to hundreds nano meters for the
comparison. The magnetic properties and morphology were measured by SQUID, MFM, AFM and
SEM. The measurement results for the lower dimensional ferromagnetic materials were compared with
those obtained from the bulk. We will discuss the magnetic properties relating to the crystalline
properties of the nano clusters, thin films, and bulks.

This research was supported by a Grant from Electric Power Industry Technology Evaluation
and Planning Center (ETEP), Republic of Korea.
M-P-067

Spin mechanics with surface acoustic waves

M. WEILER1, C. HEEG1, H. SODE1, A. BRANDLMAIER1, R. HUBER2, D. GRUNDLER2,


M. S. BRANDT3, R. GROSS1 and S. T. B. GOENNENWEIN1
1
Walther-Meißner-Institut, Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, 85748 Garching, GERMANY
2
Physik Department, TU München, 85748 Garching, GERMANY
3
Walter Schottky Institut, TU München, 85748 Garching, GERMANY
mathias.weiler@wmi.badw.de

Bandpass filters employing Surface Acoustic Waves (SAWs) are widely applied in e.g. mobile
phones. However, SAWs also allow the generation of nanoscale mechanical motion in piezoelectric
materials at frequencies up to the GHz regime. Taking advantage of magnetoelastic coupling, this
mechanical motion can be exploited at ferromagnetic / piezoelectric interfaces to investigate the
interaction between acoustic waves and magnetic degrees of freedom. While it is already established
that, in the static case, magnetoelastic coupling can be used to control the magnetic anisotropy of e.g.
nickel thin films [1], the transfer of this principle to high frequencies allows to study dynamic
magnetoelastic responses.
To this purpose we prepared surface acoustic wave delay lines consisting of two identical,
single finger unapodized interdigital transducers (IDTs) on y-cut z-propagating lithium niobate
substrates. The IDTs were defined using optical lithography followed by deposition of 70 nm of
aluminum by electron beam evaporation and a lift-off process. Following a second lithography
process an approximately 50 nm thick and 100 μm wide nickel Hall bar was deposited in the SAW
propagation path by electron beam evaporation.
Our delay lines typically feature a center frequency of 172 MHz and can be operated at the 5 th
harmonic frequency (860 MHz), allowing to select the frequency of the magnetoelastic interaction in
one and the same sample. To allow for simultaneous DC and RF measurements the samples were
mounted on carriers providing DC contacts bonded to the Hall bar and co-planar waveguides bonded
to the IDTs.
These carriers were mounted between the pole shoes of an electromagnet capable of providing
μ0H=± 1T at room temperature. Using simultaneous four point resistance measurement and vector
network analysis we investigated the correlation between the DC magnetoresistance R(H) in the Hall
bar and the high frequency SAW transmission S21(H) as a function of the applied magnetic field. We
find that both, the SAW damping and velocity [magnitude and phase of S21(H)] show similar
qualitative evolution and depend on the magnetization in the ferromagnetic thin film as evidenced by
coinciding switching fields in S21(H) and R(H). We will discuss the experimental results in terms of
anisotropic magnetoresistance and RF magnetoelastic coupling, and also address the influence of SAW
frequency.

Financial support by the DFG via project GO 944/3 is gratefully acknowledged.

[1] M. Weiler et al. New J. Phys. 11, 013021 (2009).


M-P-068

Motion of domain walls in crossed fields

V.S. GERASIMCHUK1 and A.A. SHITOV2

1
National Technical University of Ukraine “Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, Peremohy Ave. 37, 03056 Kyiv, UKRAINE
2
Donbass National Academy of Civil Engineering, Derzhavin Str. 2, 86123 Makeevka, UKRAINE
viktor.gera@gmail.com

The results of the theoretical investigation of the influence of alternating magnetic and electric
fields on the dynamics of 180-degree domain walls (DW) are presented. The main types of
interactions, viz., exchange coupling, magnetic anisotropy, dipole, quadratic magnetoelectric and the
interaction with external fields, are taking into account in ferromagnetic energy.
The solutions of Landau-Lifshitz equations in the approximation of smallness of external fields
amplitudes are found by the method of perturbation theory. The conditions the intra-wall and intra-
domain oscillations exciting by external fields and the features of oscillatory regime of DW motion are
discussed.
It is shown that taking into consideration the quadratic magnetoelectric interaction already in
the first-order of the perturbation theory the DW oscillations can induce not only a variable magnetic
field, but also an electric field. The DW oscillations amplitude decreases as the field frequency
increases. Note that taking into account the linear magnetoelectric interaction in weak ferromagnets
the DW oscillations can be induced only by a magnetic field [1].
The conditions of translational (drift) motion of DW in an external variable magnetic and
electric fields are determined. We reveal that such a drift motion of DW is possible both for certain
combinations of magnetic and electric fields components and for pure magnetic or pure electric fields
[2]. The estimations show that the DW drift velocity can reach a few m/s. The possibility of drift of a
stripe domain structure is discussed.

[1] V.S. Gerasimchuk and A.L. Sukstanskii, Ferroelectrics 162, 293 (1994).
[2] V.S. Gerasimchuk and A.A. Shitov, J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 21, 176003 (6pp) (2009).
M-P-069

Role of defects on domain wall propagation in magnetically bistable glass-covered microwires

M. IPATOV1, V. ZHUKOVA1, A. ZVEZDIN1,2, J. GONZALEZ1, J.M. BLANCO3 and


A. ZHUKOV1, 4
1
Dpto Física de Materiales, Facultad de Químicas, UP Vo /EHU, 10018, San Sebastián, SPAIN
2
A. M. Prokhorov General Physics Institute of RAS, 119991 Moscow, RUSSIA
3
Dpto. de Física Aplicada, EUPDS, UPV/EHU, 200018, San Sebastian, SPAIN
4
TAMAG Ibérica S.L., Parque Tecnológico de Miramón, Paseo Mikeletegi 56, 20009 San Sebastian, SPAIN
valentina.zhukova@ehu.es
1800
Recent growing interest on domain wall (DW) motion 1600 (a) sample 1
sample 2

in sub-micrometric and micrometric thin magnetic wires is 1400

related with applications in logic and memory devices[1,2]. 1200

v, m/s
1000
DW motion along the wires allows manipulation of the stored
800
information. The speed of DW movement certainly has an
600
impact on the viability of most technological related with DW
400
motion. DW propagation can be driven by magnetic fields 50 100 150 200 250 300 350

either by spin-polarized electric currents [1-3]. It is quite H, A/m

important to control the domain wall pinning in thin magnetic


wires. In most of proposed applications DWs have been pinned 500 (b)
sample1
by artificially created defects in thin wires [1,2]. 400
Amorphous glass coated microwires are ideal material 300
for study domain wall dynamics [4]. At the same time role of 200
HN
defects on domain wall propagation in glass-coated microwires 100
is still unclear. Here we are trying to reveal contribution of 0
Hn, A/m

0 30 60 90 120
local defects on DW propagation in amorphous microwires. 1800
sample2
Consequently, we present comparative study of single domain
wall dynamics and local nucleation fields in Fe-rich amorphous 1200
glass-coated microwires. For this we modified experimental
set-up based on classical Sixtus-Tonks[4] introducing 600

additional pick-up coil in order evaluate defects contribution in HN


0
domain wall propagation. 0 30 60 90 120
x, mm
Below some critical magnetic field, HN, determined by
the microwires inhomogeneities, almost linear DW velocity, v
on magnetic field, H, dependence is found. Quite fast DW
propagation (v till 1730 m/s at H about 300 A/m) has been Fig.1. Dependences of domain wall
observed. When the applied magnetic field exceeds HN, new velocity versus applied magnetic field
reverse domains can be nucleated and consequently tandem measured in magnetically bistable
remagnetization mechanism can be realized. The role of amorphous microwires (a) and
defects existing in magnetically bistable microwires is related distribution of local nucleation fields
with nucleation of new reversed domains. measured in the same samples (b)

[1] D. A. Allwood, G. Xiong, C. C. Faulkner, D. Atkinson, D. Petit, and R. P. Cowburn, Science 309, 1688
(2005).
[2] S P. Parkin, M. Hayashi, L. Thomas, Science 320, 190 (2008);
[3] Chun-Yeol You, J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 321 888 (2009)
[4]R. Varga, A. Zhukov, V. Zhukova, J. M. Blanco and J. Gonzalez, Phys. Rev. B 76, 132406 (2007).
M-P-070

Effect of Li substitution on the resistivity and magnetoresistance of LaMnOy

A.M. AHMED, A.K. DIAB and H.F. MOHMED

Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, 82524, Sohag, EGYPT


Fikry_99@yahoo.com

The temperature dependences of the resistivity ( ) and magneto- resistance effect of La1-
xLixMnOy (x= 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2 & 0.25 at %) fixed valence doped compounds were studied between
80K and 320K. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) at room temperature shows that the samples are
single phase. The resistivity of all samples with and without magnetic field shows a metal-
semiconductor (M-S) transition for all compositions. In addition, the replacement of the La ion by Li
ion results in a reduction of transition temperature (Tm) and increasing the value of. In the magnetic
field of 0.5 Tesla a large negative magnetoresistance (MR= 50%) was observed, which is encourage
for potential application of colossal magnetoresistance (CMR) material at low field. We determine the
activation energy (E) in the semiconductor region.
M-P-071

Magnetoresistance of the domain wall in a magnetic nanowire


in the presence of pulsed magnetic field

R. MAJIDI1, M.M. TEHRANCHI1, 2, A. PHIROUZNIA3 and K. GHAFOORI TABRIZI1


1
Department of Physics, Shahid Behesht University, Evin, 19839-63113 Tehran, IRAN
2
Laser research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Evin, 19839-63113 Tehran, IRAN
3
Department of Physics, Azarbaijan University of Tarbiat Moallem, 53714-161 Tabriz, IRAN
teranchi@cc.sbu.ac.ir

Domain walls (DWs) are known to be a source of resistance since the early experiments on iron
wiskers [1]. Controlling the DW resistance and understanding the scattering mechanisms have
attracted a considerable attention due to the various scientific and technological points of view.
Recently, the effect of different scattering sources such as spin-dependent impurity and external
magnetic field on the resistance of DW is studied [2, 3]. Study the Zeeman coupling affect should open
new insights into understanding and controlling the DW resistance with the aid of magnetic field as an
external controlling parameter. However, currently the effect of pulsed magnetic field on magnetic
systems containing regions of non-collinearity such as DWs is still unclear.
In this paper, we have studied the contribution of the DW to the resistance of the magnetic
nanowire in the presence of pulsed magnetic fields. The analysis has been based on the Boltzmann
transport equation, within the relaxation time approximation. We have considered a 180 ° Néel-type
DW between two ferromagnetic regions with opposite direction of magnetization. For this ideal one-
dimensional DW along z-axis, the magnetization continuously rotated over the DW width and is
transverse to the wire axis at the center of the DW.
We found that the applied transverse magnetic field affected the DW resistance extensively.
The results indicate that strength of the induced magnetic field plays a special role, and the DW
resistance is enhanced by increasing the magnetic field. Therefore, one can control the DW resistance
of the magnetic nanowire by pulsed magnetic fields.

[1] See G. R. Taylor, A. Isin, and R. V. Coleman, Phys. Rev. 165, 621 (1968).
[2] P. M. Levy and S. Zhang, Phys. Rev. Lett. 79, 5110 (1997).
[3] M. Ghannaatshoar, V. Fallahi, M. M. Tehranchi, and A. Phirouznia, IEEE Trans. Magn. 44, 3127
(2008).
M-P-072

The orientation dependences of magnetoresistance in compounds of АV2BVI3 type

N.A. ABDULLAYEV, T.H. KERIMOVA and K.M. MUSTAFAYEVA

Institute of Physics of Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences


Baku AZ-1143, ave. G.Javid, 33 AZERBAIJAN
ktaira@physics.ab.az

АV2BVI3 compounds and solid solutions on thier base are widely used as effective thermoelectric
transformers. These compounds doped by different impurities are used to expand the working
temperature range and increase of thermoelectric efficiency. Therefore the investigation of electric and
galvanomagnetic properties of АV2BVI3 compounds is important one from both practical use and
information obtaining on physical properties points of view.
In given work the results of investigation of galvanomagnetic effects in Bi2Te3 <Cu> and (Bi2Te3
)0.99(In2Se3)0.01 single crystals at different orientations of magnetic field are presented. It is known that
such investigations of magnetoresistance gives us the information about Fermi surface structure as the
period of Shubnikov-de Gaas oscillations is determined by sectional area of Fermi surface by the
plane perpendicular to magnetic field direction. The investigated single crystals have been grown by
the Bridgeman method. They are semiconductors of p-type with the hole concentration np=5·1017cm-3
in (Bi2Te3)<Cu> and np=7·1018 cm-3 in (Bi2Te3)0,99 (In2Se3)0,01.
The investigations are carried out in interval 0.5’ 5K and magnetic fields up to 8Тl. The
measurements are carried out at three orientations of a magnetic field concerning to layer planes:
magnetic field is directed along a plane of layers (α =00), magnetic field is directed under the angle to
layer plane (α =450), the magnetic field is directed perpendicularly to the layer planes (α =90 0). The
more distinct oscillations of magnetoresistance in Bi2Te3 <Cu> are observed in the direction of a
1
magnetic field along a surface of the sample (angle 00). The periods of oscillations are Т    5.5
H
1 1
·10-6 E-1 (α=900), Т    6.1·10-6 E-1 (α=450 ), Т    6.0·10-6 E-1 (α=0 ).
H H
The experimental sectional areas of Fermi surface SF concerned to extremal section St by plane
perpendicular to axis of the third order in Bi2Te3 <Cu> have been calculated. The values of SF
calculated for Bi2Te3 <Cu> are close ones to the value of SF in undoped Bi2Te3. Therefore doping by
copper does not lead to Fermi surface change. In a case of (Bi2Te3)0,99 (In2Se3)0,01 at Т=0.5 K the
1 1
oscillations of two periods Т    5·10-6 E-1 and Т    5.4·10-6 E-1 are observed in
H H
0
magnetoresistance oscillation part at α =90 . The last one proves that there are two extremal sectional
areas of Fermi surface by plane, perpendicular to direction of magnetic field. The oscillations with two
periods at α =900 are the superposition of periods at α =00 and α =450.
M-P-073

The dependence of tunneling magnetoresistance on different device area fabricated


by self-aligned technique

Y.F. HSIAO1, J.W. TSENG1, C.H. HUANG2, K.C. CHEN2, J.M. CHEN2, C.Y. WANG2, J.C. WU2
and L. HORNG1,2
1
Institute of Photonics, National Changhua University of Education, Changhua 500, TAIWAN
2
Department of physics and Taiwan SPIN Research Center, National Changhua Uninversity of Eduction, Changhua 500,
TAIWAN
scott010591@hotmail.com

Tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) effect in magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) has been
extensively studied in the last decade due to the high potential applications of MTJs in
magnetoresistive random-access memory (MRAM).[1,2] In order to understand how MTJ device area
affect magnetoresistance (MR), we investigated the dependence of the TMR ratio on MTJ device area.
Before fabrication, the MTJs used in this work with stack structure of
Ta(5)/Ru(40)/Ta(5)/CoFeB(4)/Ru(0.7)/CoFeB(4)/Mg(0.5)/MgO(0.8)/CoFeB(4)/Ru(0.8)/CoFe(3)/IrMn
(7.5)/capping layer(10) (unit in nanometer), which was deposited on thermally oxidized Si wafer. Then
we used self-aligned technique to fabricate the different area of MTJ device.
In order to measure the electric characteristic of MTJ, current-perpendicular-to-plane (CPP)
measurement was used to get typical MR ratio and delta resistance (ΔR). It revealed that MR ratio and
ΔR decrease with the device area increasing. It might be due to Ohm‘s Law, while the device
resistivity is constant but not the same in high resistance and low resistance, the device area is
enlarging with smaller resistance. Therefore, resistance change is not evident. That is possible reason
why device area causes ΔR difference. Consequently, if device area could make suitable size, it would
increase MR ratio and ΔR. And higher TMR ratio might make easier the implementation of advanced
MRAM architectures such as the ultradense cross-point random access memory.

[1] Stuart S.P.Parkin, Nature Materials 3,862, (2004).


[2] S. Ikeda, Appl. Phys. Lett. 93, 082508 (2008).
M-P-074

Effect of anisotropy and particle – particle interaction in one dimensional trimer model

M. GHARAIBEH, A. OBEIDAT and D. AL SAMARH

Physics Department, Jordan University of science and Technology, Irbid, JORDAN


aobeidat@just.edu.jo

Using statistical approach the Magnetization and the initial susceptibility for a one – dimensional
chain of a dilute ferromagnetic fluid have been investigated. Our assembly consisting of N – particle
chain with N/3 non interacting systems. We have studied three distinct cases: case 1 with randomly
easy axis of the particles assembly and the applied magnetic field is parallel to the chain. We found
that the initial susceptibility follow Curie – Weiss behavior with positive ordering temperature T0 that
does not depend on the anisotropy constant K of the particles. Case 2, the applied field is perpendicular
to the chain and randomly oriented easy axis. In this case we found an antiferromagnetic transition
with no dependence on K. Case 3, when the easy axis is fixed at angle  relative to H, we found that
whether H parallel or perpendicular to the chain there is interplay between ferromagnetic-like and
antiferromagnetic-like behavior exists, this depends on K, particles separation within the system, and
the angle  .
M-P-075

Thermal and magnetocaloric properties of A-site ordered manganites

A.M. ALIEV1, A.G. GAMZATOV1, A.B. BATDALOV1, L.N. KHANOV1 and V.S. KALYTKA2
1
Institute of Physics, 367003, Makhachkala, RUSSIA
2
Moscow State Univercity, 119899, Moscow, RUSSIA
lowtemp@mail.ru

The A-site ordered LnBaMn2O6 (Ln=Pr, La, Nd) manganites attract much attention due to their
interesting physical properties. The physical characteristics of A-site ordered manganites are strongly
distinct from characteristics of cation – disordered ones, and strongly depend on ordering degree of Ln
and Ba cations. Meanwhile, nature of appearance of the A-site ordered state in Ba-substituted
manganites is not understood entirely so far. For example, such ordering not occurs for Ca or Sr-doped
manganites.
In this paper we present the thermal and magnetic properties of A-site ordered LnBaMn2O6
(Ln=Pr, La, Nd) manganites. The measurements of MCE were carried out by a new modulation
technique [1].
The anomalies due to transition into the ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic states are
revealed. In the ferromagnetic transition regions a direct magnetocaloric effect are observed.
Extrapolation of the MCE to the stronger magnetic fields results MCE value 0.9 K/T (for PrBaMn 2O6)
what is the mean value of the MCE in manganets. Though the value of the effect is not large, the
transition width is more than 60 K even at small amplitude of the magnetic field change. Inverce MCE
in the antiferromagnetic transition region are observed. Inverce MCE in the heating run is smaller than
in the cooling one, what is explained by a competition between ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic
interactions.

The work supported by RFBR Grant No 09-08-96533 and Research Program of Physics
Department of RAS.

[1] A.M. Aliev, A.B. Batdalov, V.S. Kalitka. Russian Pis‘ma v Zhurnal Çksperimental‘noi i
Teoreticheskoi Fiziki 90, 736-739 (2009).
M-P-076

Magnetic and magnetoelectric properties of multiferroic composites


хPb(Ti0,53Zr0,47)O3 – (1-х)Mn0,4Zn0,6Fe2O4

A.A. AMIROV1, S.A. GRIDNEV2, I.K. KAMILOV1, A.B. BATDALOV1 and A.V. KALGIN2
1
Institute of Physics, Dagestan Scientific Center of RAS, Makhachkala, 367003, RUSSIA
2
Voronezh State Technical University, Voronezh, 394026, RUSSIA
amiroff_a@mail.ru

In recent years, the investigation of multiphase composite media in multiferroics is in a


meticulous attention of researchers. The magnetoelectric effect (ME-effect) in multiphase multiferroics
exceeds the values by an order in single-phase ones and has well prospective to be applied in
microelectronics [1]. The bulk ME composites are a mixture of sintered magnetic and piezoelectric
powders and are the simplest for obtaining. Besides, the ME-effect here observes an interaction
between magnetic and electric properties as anomalies of magnetic properties in a region of
ferroelectric transition and vice versa.
The bulk composites x PZT - (1-x)MZF ( x = 0.2, 0.4, 0.6 и 0.8) were prepared by a standard
ceramic technology [2]. The sintering of ferrite MZF and ferroelectric PZT powders were carried out
in the air at temperatures 1170-1200°C for 5 hours. The X-ray structure analysis confirmed an existing
of two phases only in synthesized composites: magnetic (a spinel structure) and ferroelectric (a
perovskite structure).
The magnetic and magnetoelectric properties of composite materials x PZT - (1-x)MZF ( x =
0.2, 0.4, 0.6 и 0.8) were researched. Magnetic measurements showed an increase of the specific
magnetization of composites with decreasing in x (fig.1). The χ(T) measurements indicated change
temperature of magnetic phase transision toward low temperatures with increase part of ferroelectric
phase x. Preliminary magnetoelectric measurements were carried for all present samples. In Fig.2 is
plotted a dependence of low frequency ME – effect on the mass fraction of the ferroelectric phase х.
As it is shown the maximum value of ME-effect is observed for a compound with ferrite bulk
composition of 60 %. Our values for ME- effects are small in comparison with data of the similar bulk
ferrite-piezoelectric composites [3]. This is explained by the MZF conductivity, which worsens the
magnetoelectric properties and obstructs the polarization of samples.
20
20
18 x=0.2
15
16
x=0.4
ME -coefficient, mV/A

14 10

12 5 x=0.6
M, emu/g

10 0
x=0.8
8
-5
6
-10
4
-15
2
0 -20

-2 -6000 -4000 -2000 0 2000 4000 6000


0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 H, Oe
x
Fig.1. ME- coefficient versus mass fraction of Fig.2. Magnetization curves of composites
ferroelectric phase (x) for composites xPZT - (1- xPZT - (1-x)MZF
x)MZF

[1] A.P. Pyatakov, Bulleten MAGO, 8, №1 (2007).


[2] R.S. Devan, C.M. Kanamadi et. al., Smart Mater. Struct., 15, 1877 (2006).
[3] V.M. Laletin, V.M. Petrov et. al., Sov. Phys. JTP Lett., 34, 2 (2008).
M-P-077

The role of A-site cation variance in deciding the thermal and elastic properties of half doped
perovskite manganites

A. SRIVASTAVA and N.K.GAUR

Superconductivity Lab., Department of Physics, Barkatullah University, Bhopal 462026, INDIA


archanasaran@rediffmail.com

We have investigated the elastic and thermodynamic properties of half doped perovskite rare
earth manganite, R0.5A0.5MnO3 (R=La, Pr, Nd,…,Dy and A=Ca, Sr, Ba etc.), which belong to a class
of materials showing Colossal Magnetoresistance (CMR), charge ordering and other multiferroic
properties. In addition, a number of externally controllable parameters can control charge transport in
these materials. This makes them attractive as sensor material. It is established that a direct
relationship exists between the average ionic radius for A-site ions (rA) and the Curie temperature TC
in doped rare earth manganites RMnO3 [1]. In our previous investigations we established the role of
charge and size mismatch of A-site cations, Jahn-Teller distortion of MnO6 octahedron and buckling of
Mn-O-Mn angle (related to transfer intergral of the eg electron) of perovskite to the thermodynamic
properties of electron doped perovskite manganites [2]. In this paper we attempt to prove the role of A-
site size variance in deciding the thermal properties of R0.5A0.5MnO3. The possible reason can be the
decreasing electron-phonon interactions due increasing A-site variance as we vary the rare earth cation
from La to Dy for a fixed alkaline earth divalent dopant (Ca2+). In the half doped manganites the cation
size variance reaches its maximum to affect the distortions in the A-O environment and the lattice
specific heat is increased appreciably. The strong electron-phonon interactions are affected by lattice
distortions substantially and results in weakening of double exchange (DE) interactions. The
substitution of divalent cations by trivalent ones in 1:1 ratio leads to the simultaneous occurrence of
Mn3+ and Mn4+ in the crystalline structure which facilitates charge ordering in real space of Mn3+/Mn4+
giving rise to insulating state with orbital ordering. This can lead to significant modifications in the
structural and transport properties. As these compounds are predominantly ionic in nature hence the
lattice contributions to the specific heat at constant volume (Cv(lattice)) of R0.5A0.5MnO3 with alkaline
earth cation doping at the A-site has been studied as a function of temperature (10KT300K) by
means of a Modified Rigid Ion Model (MRIM). The Debye temperatures obtained from the lattice
contributions are found to be in somewhat closer agreement with the available experimental data. The
specific heat values presented in this work by using MRIM are in reasonable agreement with the
available experimental data particularly at low temperatures for some R0.5A0.5MnO3 compounds. The
bulk modulus (B) of half doped manganites is studied with the help of Atoms in Molecules (AIM)
theory [3] and compared satisfactorily with the reported data for a few members of this series. Some
other elastic, cohesive and thermal properties like cohesive energy ( ) for the orthorhombic perovskite
structure, molecular force constant (), Reststrahlen frequency (o) and Gruneisen parameter () are
also presented.

[1] M B Salamon and M Jaime, Rev. Mod. Phys. 73, 583-628 (2001).
[2] Archana Srivastava and N.K. Gaur, J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 21, 096001 (2009).
[3] Archana Srivastava and N.K. Gaur, J. Magn. & Magn. Mater. 321, 3854-65(2009).
[4] A. Martin Pendas, Aurora Costales, M. A. Blanco, J. M. Recio and Victor Luana, Phys. Rev. B 62,
13970-8 (2000).
M-P-079

Improvement of magnetic and structural properties of some ferric compounds with boron
addition

CENGIZ BIRLIKSEVEN 1, HASAN CAN AYDOGAN 2, ALKIN YILMAZ 3 and UGUR TOPAL1
1
Tübitak-UME, P.K. 54 41470 Gebze-Kocaeli, TURKIYE
2
AnkaraÜniversitesi, Fizik Mühendisliği Bölümü, Ankara, TURKIYE
3
Yeditepe Üniversitesi, Fizik Bölümü, İstanbul, TURKIYE
cengiz.birlikseven@ume.tubitak.gov.tr

In the present study, we investigate the influence of boron addition on magnetic and structural
properties of some ferric compounds, such as BaFe12O19 and BiFeO3. It is now well known that
magnetic and structural properties of such kinds of materials are strongly dependent on synthesis
conditions. Low calcination temperatures are mainly required in order to fulfill their usage for different
purposes. Different synthesis techniques have been tried to control the granular nature of these
materials. Ammonium-Nitrate-Melt-Technique [1], chemical co-precipitation methods [2], sol-gel
techniques [3] are some examples to these methods. In the present work, we propose a simple and
economical way of obtaining high quality ferric compounds. Our studies have shown that small
amounts of B2O3 addition improve the crystalline structure and thus improve the magnetic properties
effectively. For instance, remanence and saturation magnetization of hard magnetic BaFe 12O19
increases by half in magnitude. Similar behavior was also observed in BiFeO3 system. There are two
possible explanations of these improvements: 1. Boron atoms may reside between the grains and
improves the links between grains or 2. Boron substitutes for iron atoms and changes magnetic
anisotropy and thus magnetic parameters.

[1] U. Topal, H. Ozkan, K.G. Topal, J. Alloys Comp. 422 , 276 (2006).
[2] T. Ogasawara, M.A.S. Oliveira, J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 217, 72 (2000).
[3] W. Liu, J. Wu, Mater. Chem. Phys. 69, 148 (2001).
M-P-081

Sonochemical Synthesis and Characterization of Mn3O4 Nanoparticles

H. SOZERI1, A. BAYKAL2, H. KAVAS3, Z. DURMUS2 and M.S. TOPRAK4


1
TUBITAK-UME, National Metrology Institute, PO Box 54, 41470, Gebze-Kocaeli, TURKEY
2
Department of Chemistry, Fatih University, B.Çekmece, 34500 Istanbul, TURKEY
3
Department of Physics, Fatih University, B.Çekmece, 34500 Istanbul, TURKEY
4
Functional Materials Division, Royal Institute of Technology - KTH, SE16440 Stockholm, SWEDEN
huseyin.sozeri@ume.tubitak.gov.tr

We report on the synthesis of Mn3O4 nanoparticles using a novel sonochemical method without
requiring any pH adjustment. Synthesized material was identified as tetragonal hausmannite crystal
structure model of Mn3O4 from XRD analysis. Crystallite size was estimated from x-ray line profile
fitting as 17±5 nm. FTIR analysis revealed stretching vibrations of metal ions in tetrahedral and
octahedral coordination confirming the crystal structure. TEM analysis revealed a dominantly cubic
morphology of NP‘s with an average size of ~20 nm. Magnetic evaluation revealed a blocking
temperature, TB of 40 K above which the material behaves paramagnetic. Asymmetric coercive field is
attributed to the interaction between ferromagnetic Mn3O4 and antiferromagnetic Mn oxide at surface
of nanoparticles.
M-P-082

Magnetostructural phase separation in R0.5Sr0.5MnO3

A.M. BALAGUROV1, I.A. BOBRIKOV1, V.YU. POMJAKUSHIN2, D.V. SHEPTYAKOV2,


N.A. BABUSHKINA3, O.YU. GORBENKO4, M.S. KARTAVTSEVA4 and A.R. KAUL4
1
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Moscow oblast, 141980, RUSSIA
2
ETH Zurich and Paul Sherrer Institute, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, SWITZERLAND
3
Russian Research Center Kurchatov Institute, Moscow, 123182, RUSSIA
4
Moscow State University, Vorob’evy gory, Moscow, 119992, RUSSIA
bobrikov@nf.jinr.ru

The results of structural neutron experiments on determining crystal and magnetic phase states
of perovskite-like manganites R0.5Sr0.5MnO3 (R = 152Sm, Nd0.772Tb0.228, and Nd0.544Tb0.456) are
reported. Experiments are carried out for revealing microscopic factors responsible for the giant
oxygen isotope effect that was discovered recently in Sm1−x Sr x MnO3 for x ≈ 0.5. It is shown that
separation into two crystal phases P 1 and P 2 with the same spatial symmetry but different types of
Jahn-Teller distortions in MnO6 octahedra and magnetic ordering of Mn atoms takes place in all
studied compounds at low temperatures. Structural analysis has been carried out successfully owing to
exceptionally large differences in the unit cell parameters of the coexisting phases. The P 1 phase is
ferromagnetic and MnO6 octahedra are distorted only slightly. The P 2 phase is antiferromagnetic (A-
type ordering) and MnO6 octahedra are strongly compressed in the apical direction. The relative
volumes occupied by the P 1 and P 2 phases depend on the mean radius of the A cation, and the
replacement of 16O by 18O results in their redistribution in favor of the P 2 phase. The results
unambiguously point to the percolation nature of the metal-insulator transition in a Sm-containing
compound upon isotopic substitution of oxygen due to a sharp decrease (from 65 to 13%) in the
fraction of ferromagnetic phase P 1. In all investigated compounds, the ordered magnetic moment of
manganese Mn in the P 1 and P 2 phases varies from 1.7μB to 3.5μB. The data on the evolution of the
miscrostructure parameters during a phase transition to the stratified state indicate that the initial
spread in the A cation radii, as well as the internal microstrains, produce a critical effect on the
formation of mesoscopic phase separation. This work was published in [1, 2].

[1] A.M. Balagurov, I.A. Bobrikov, V.Yu. Pomjakushin, D.V. Sheptyakov, N.A. Babushkina, O.Yu.
Gorbenko and A.R.Kaul, Physica B , 385-386, 94-96 (2006).
[2] A. M. Balagurov, I. A. Bobrikov, V. Yu. Pomjakushin, D. V. Sheptyakov, N. A. Babushkina, O.
Yu. Gorbenko, M. S. Kartavtseva and A. R. Kaul, JETP, 106, 3, 528-541 (2008).
M-P-083

Polaron dynamics and coherent acoustic phonons in La0.45Ca0.55MnO3 thin films studied by
ultrafast pump-probe spectroscopy
1 1 1 1 2 1
K.H. WU , S.S. LIN , C.W. LUO , T.M. UEN , J.-Y. LIN and J.Y. JUANG
1
Department of Electrophysics, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, R.O.C.
2
Institute of Physics, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, R.O.C.
khwu@cc.nctu.edu.tw

The pure phase, charge ordering (CO) (001)-oriented La0.45Ca0.55MnO3 (LCMO) thin films with
thicknesses 250-600 nm were prepared by pulsed laser deposition. The ultrafast dynamics in these
films was probed by using the femtosecond optical pump-optical probe (OPOP) spectroscopy. The
temporal evolution in transient reflectivity change R/R has been systematically measured at various
temperatures. Generally, the R/R curve exhibits two relaxing components and two oscillating
components. Similar to the case in La0.7Ca0.3MnO3 films, the amplitude of the fast relaxing component
exhibits the similar temperature dependence with that of the resistivity, and the neutron scattering
intensity due to nanoscale correlated polarons. Therefore, it corresponds to the polaron dynamics in the
CO sample. Both oscillating components are ascribe to the coherent longitudinal acoustic phonons and
are generated by the strain pulses. The origin of these oscillations is discussed and the sound velocity
can be derived from the period of these oscillations. It revealed that the sound velocity changed
drastically near the CO transition temperature, which indicates that the pump-probe measurements can
be employed as a sensitive probe to detect the CO phase transition in these samples.

This project is financially sponsored by National Science Council (grand no. NSC 98-2112-M-
009 -006 -MY3) and Ministry of Eduation (2009 MOE ATU plan).
M-P-084

Ultrafast dynamics in (111) BiFeO3 thin films observed by femtosecond spectroscopy

L.Y. CHEN1, J.C. YANG2, H.C. SHIH1, C.W. LUO1, Y.H. CHU2 and T. KOBAYASHI1,3,4,5
1
Department of Electrophysics, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, TAIWAN
2
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, TAIWAN
3
ICORP, JST, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, JAPAN
4
Department of Applied Physics and Chemistry and Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, 1-5-
1 Chofugaoka, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585, JAPAN
5
Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0971, JAPAN
lyc.ep97g@nctu.edu.tw

In this paper, we report the ultrafast dynamics in (111)-oriented BiFeO3 thin films measured at
room temperature by using femtosecond pump-probe spectroscopy. The wavelength-dependent
transient reflectivity changes (ΔR/R) were performed above and below the energy gap of 2.67 eV [1],
respectively. For 400 nm (3.08 eV) pump-probe measurement, two relaxation processes are observed
in ΔR/R after carrier excited over the energy gap. For 800 nm (1.54 eV) pump-probe measurements,
moreover, the additional two-oscillation components clearly appear in the ΔR/R due to the Fe3+
excitations associated with the 6A1g to 4T1g excitation [1]. The oscillation with period of ~21 ps persists
for 300 ps which is longer than the other oscillation with period of ~25 ps. The origin of both
oscillations observed in (111) BiFeO3 may be very different.

[1] X. S. Xu, T. V. Brinzari, S. Lee, Y. H. Chu, L.W. Martin, A. Kumar, S. McGill, R. C. Rai, R.
Ramesh, V. Gopalan, S. W. Cheong, and J. L. Musfeldt, Phys. Rev. B, 79, 124425 (2009).
M-P-085

Microstructure and magnetic properties of multiferroic ErCoO3 nanoparticles and thin films

Y. AKTAS 1, S. AKTAS 2, O. CAKIROGLU 3 and L. ARDA4


1
Institute for Graduate Studies in Pure and Applied Sciences, Marmara University, Goztepe, 34722, Istanbul, TURKEY
2
Department of Physics, Marmara University Goztepe 34722 Istanbul, TURKEY
3
Hasan Ali Yücel Faculty of Education, Istanbul University, Beyazit, 34470, Istanbul, TURKEY
4
Department of Sciences, Bahcesehir University, Besiktas, 34349, Istanbul, TURKEY
lutfi.arda@bahcesehir.edu.tr

Er1-xCoxO (x=0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.02, 0.25 and 0.30) nanoparticles and thin films
were prepared by sol-gel synthesis using 2, 4-pentanedionate and acetate precursors. Er1-xCoxO3 films
with different thickness were grown on quartz substrates using sol-gel deep coating. The nanoparticles
and films were then annealed at various temperatures and times. The surface morphologies of all
samples were characterized by ESEM, EDS and AFM. The crystal structures of the Er 1-xCoxO3 nano
powder and films were characterized using 2- X-ray diffraction. Magnetic properties of ErCoO3
films were investigated by Quantum design PPMS measurement system. The temperature and applied
field dependences of magnetization of Er1-xCoxO3 thin films were recorded by using a Vibrating
Sample Magnetometer (VSM). Zero-field cooling (ZFC) and field-cooling (FC) conditions for
magnetization as a function of temperature were performed at magnetic field of 0.5 kOe. The
microstructure and magnetic properties of powder and the films with different dopant ratio, thickness
(number of dipping), temperature and time of annealing process are presented.
M-P-086

Sintering time effect on dielectric and magnetic properties of BiFeO3

NEERAJ KUMAR, BHASKAR GAHTORI, H. KISHAN and V.P.S. AWANA

Superconductivity and Cryogenics Division, National Physical Laboratory,Dr. K.S. Krishnan Marg, New Delhi-110012,
INDIA
Neeraj20_malik@yahoo.co.in

In the majority of crystals, the electric and magnetic properties of the various atoms offset one
another and cancel each other out. Sometimes, however, this is not the case and in certain compounds,
known as multiferroic materials the same time electric and magnetic orders exist at one. Moreover, in
these materials, the electric and magnetic orders interact. Such interaction offers the opportunity of
controlling the spins (the magnetic moments) of the atoms via an electric field, thus opening whole
new perspectives particularly as regards information storage.
Moreover synthesis parameter directly affect their properties i.e. dielectric and magnetic
properties. Here, we try to investigate, the sintering time effect on most famous high temperature
BiFeO3 (BFO) multiferroic compound. We sintered BFO samples for 15 minutes as synthesized in
rapid liquid phase method and 3 hours as maximum optimized time at 815oC. Both the samples are
single phase crystallized in R3c space group with a small trace of impurity. It is found that with
sintering time dielectric polarization or electric ordering enhances that may be due to reduction in
porosity. P-E loop indicates small dielectric loss with sintering time as shown in figure 1. However
with sintering time magnetic ordering degrades and BFO samples moves towards its natural anti-
ferromagnetic nature (figure 2).

Figure 1 Figure 2
1.5 BFO-3Hour BFO-15Minute 0.20
0.10
BFO-3Hours
0.15 BFO-15Minute
Polarization (C/cm )
2

1.0
Polarization (C/cm )
2

0.10
0.05
M ( emu/g )

0.5
0.05

0.0 0.00 0.00

-0.05
-0.5
-0.05
-0.10
-1.0
-0.15
-0.10
-1.5 -0.20

-40 -20 0 20 40 -12 -8 -4 0 4 8 12 -6000 -4000 -2000 0 2000 4000 6000


Applied Field (KV/cm) Applied Field (KV/cm)
H (Oe)
M-P-088

Spin-reorientation and Mössbauer studies of orthoferrites TbFe0.75Mn0.25O3

WOOCHUL KIM, BOK YEON KUM and CHUL SUNG KIM

Department of Physics, Kookmin University, Seoul 136-702, KOREA


cskim@kookmin.ac.kr

The rare earth orthoferrites (RFeO3 where, R = rare earth) have attracted interest because of
their potential magnetic and electrical application [1,2]. The distorted perovskites TbFe1-xMnxO3 with a
variable Mn concentrations are interesting substance for studying the influence of the Jahn-Teller ions
Mn3+ on the magnetic properties and spin-reorientation transitions [3]. Mn3+ substituted orthoferrites
TbFe0.75Mn0.25O3 were prepared by the sol-gel method. The crystallographic and magnetic properties
of powders were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Mössbauer spectroscopy, and vibrating
sample magnetometry (VSM). The crystal structure was found to be single phase of orthorhombic
structure (space group Pbnm) by the Rietveld refinement method. It is found that the resulting lattice
constants are a0 = 5.317 Å, b0 = 5.604 Å, and c0 = 7.598 Å, respectively. Mössbauer spectra of
TbFe0.75Mn0.25O3 have been taken at various temperatures ranging from 4.2 to 550 K. For Mössbauer
spectra, we have fitted the spectra to a model based on a random distribution of Fe and Mn ions on the
octahedral sites. The magnetic hyperfine fields of the four pattern (B0, B1, B2, B3) at 4.2 K are found to
be Hhf = 553, 544, 535, and 527 kOe, respectively. Isomer shift at room temperature is 0.37-0.38
mm/s, which mean that the valence state of Fe ions is ferric (Fe3+). The Néel temperature was
determined to be TN = 550 ± 5 K by the Mössbauer thermal scan method and VSM. The magnetic
moment rapidely decreases with increasing temperature from 50 K and then it jump near 180 K, and
again it decrease gently up to near 500 K, finally it fall suddenly at about 500 K. This inflection points
in the M-T curve can arise from a spin-reorientation in the antiferromagnetically ordered state of the
slightly distorted perovskite structure. Its spin-reorientation transition is 70 K lower than the value of
250 K for pure TbFeO3.

[1] T. Kimura, T. Goto, H. Shintani, K. Ishizaka, T. Arima, and Y. Tokura, Nature 426, 55 (2003).
[2] S. B. Wilkins, T. R. Forrest, T. A. W. Beale, S. R. Blabd, H. C. Walker, D. Mannix, F. Yakhou, D.
Prabhakaran, A. T. Boothroyd, J. P. Hill, P. D. Hatton, and D. F. McMorrow, Phys. Rev. Lett. 103,
207602 (2009).
[3] A. S. Karnachev, Yu. I. Klechin, A. A. Prokhorov, and E. E. Solov‘ev, Low Temp. Phys., 26, 259
(2000).
M-P-089

The investigation of isothermal entropy and adiabatic temperature changes of Heusler


Ni2.18Mn0.82Ga alloy by Monte Carlo simulations

V.D. BUCHELNIKOV 1, V.V. SOKOLOVSKIY 1, S.V. TASKAEV 1, V.V. KHOVAILO 2 and


P. ENTEL3
1
Chelyabinsk State University, 454001 Chelyabinsk, RUSSIA
2
National University of Science and Technology “MISIS”, 119049 Moscow, RUSSIA
3
University of Duisburg-Essen, 47048 Duisburg, GERMANY
buche@csu.ru

Today a large number of laboratories and universities in the world carry out the intensive
theoretical and experimental works devoted to magnetic cooling. The magnetocaloric effect (MCE) in
ferromagnetic alloys has great importance in the technology of magnetic refrigeration and it is measured by
the isothermal entropy change and the adiabatic temperature change upon magnetic field variations [1].
Recently experiments have shown that ferromagnetic shape memory Heusler Ni-Mn-Ga alloys have a large
MCE close the room-temperature [2-4]. The reason of the large MCE is the combined contribution of
magnetic and structural subsystems in the vicinity of a coupled magnetostructural phase transition. These
alloys have approximately the same properties as the best MCE materials, such Gd-Ge-Si, Mn-As, La-Fe-
Si. So, Ni-Mn-Ga alloys are attractive for the application in magnetic refrigeration, as can be judged by the
large magnetic entropy change at the room temperature [1-4].
In this work we present the theoretical realistic model for description of the MCE in Heusler Ni-
Mn-Ga alloys by the classical Monte Carlo simulation. In the proposed model, we consider the three-
dimensional cubic lattice with real unit cell of Heusler alloys and with periodic boundary conditions. The
unit cell arises from four interpenetrating fcc sublattices with atoms Ga, Mn and Ni, at locations (0, 0, 0),
(½, ½, ½), (¼, ¼, ¼, ¼) and (¾, ¾, ¾), respectively. Since, we consider an off-stoichiometric alloy
Ni2.18Mn0.82Ga, the excess of Ni atoms are located at Mn's crystallographic sites and a configuration of
these atoms is set randomly. Recent ab initio simulations have shown that antiferromagnetic interactions
between Mn and Ni atoms take place in a tetragonal martensitic state and the Mn-Ni interaction is the
largest of all exchange integrals, which guarantees a ferromagnetic ground state [5]. Since the Ga atoms
have not practically magnetic moment, we don't consider Ga atoms in the magnetic subsystem. In the
structural part, we take into account all atoms of the lattice. Values of magnetic exchange integrals have
been taken from first-principle ab initio calculations for Ni2.18Mn0.82Ga alloy. For description of magnetic
part of whole system, we use the mixed 3-5 state Potts model which allows to simulate the magnetic phase
transition [6]. Here, ―3‖ and ―5‖ means numbers of spin states of Ni and Mn atoms, respectively. Because,
the spin moments of Ni and Mn atoms are S=1 and S=2, and 2S+1 states are possible. The structural part
describes by the degenerated three states Blume-Emery-Griffiths model [6] for description of a martensitic
transformation. By the help of theoretical model the temperature and mangetic field dependencies of
mangnetizations, magnetic and total specific heats and MCE of Ni 2.18Mn0.82Ga are obtained. For a
comparing with model results of MCE we also have simulated MCE by the help of thermodynamical
Maxwell equations. It is shown that the model magnetocaloric quantities are closed to experimental results
[3, 4].

[1] K.A. Gschneidner Jr., and V.K. Pecharsky, Int. J. Refrig. 31, 945 (2008).
[2] A. Aliev et al., J. Mag.Mag. Mater. 272-276, 2040 (2004).
[3] V.V. Khovaylo et al., in Proc. of 2st Int. Conf. THERMAG (Portoroz, Slovenia. Apr. 11-13, 2007) p. 217.
[4] V.V. Khovaylo et al. Phys. Rev. B 78, 060403(R) (2008).
[5] V.D. Buchelnikov et. al., Phys. Rev. B (2010) (submitted).
[6] V.D. Buchelnikov et al. Phys. Rev. B 78, 184427 (2008).
M-P-090

Positive and negative magnetocaloric effect in Heusler Ni50Mn34In16 shape memory alloy:
Monte Carlo study

V.D. BUCHELNIKOV 1, V.V. SOKOLOVSKIY 1, S.V. TASKAEV 1 and P. ENTEL 2


1
Chelyabinsk State University, 454001 Chelyabinsk, RUSSIA
2
University of Duisburg-Essen, 47048 Duisburg, GERMANY
vsokolovsky84@maqil.ru

In recent years, ferromagnetic Heusler Ni-Mn-X (X= In, Sn, Sb) alloys have attracted much
attention in view of their unique properties such as the shape memory effect, giant magnetocaloric
effect (MCE), large magnetoresistence and other interesting magnetic properties like a coupled
magnetostruсtural phase transition [1-3]. Moreover two types of MCE (positive and negative) are
observed experimentally in Ni-Mn-X alloys. The positive MCE arises close an area of magnetic phase
transition from a paramagnetic (PM) austenite to a ferromagnetic (FM) one. The origin of the inverse
MCE is essential antiferromagnetic (AFM) correlations at a field of the coupled magnetostructural
phase transformation from the FM austenite to a mixed AFM–FM martensite. The values of both types
of MCE are compared with best magnetocaloric materials such Gd, Gd-Ge-Si, Mn-As, La-Fe-Si [2-4].
Besides, the Ni-Mn-X (X= In, Sn, Sb) alloys are cheaper than rare-earth compounds and are also more
environmentally friendly than Mn-As alloys. In this work we present the modeling of magnetic and
magnetocaloric properties of Heusler Ni50Mn34In16 alloy by the help the Monte Carlo simulations.
In the proposed model, we consider the three-dimensional realistic cubic lattice of Heusler Ni-
Mn-X (X= In, Sn, Sb) alloys. This lattice may be considered as four interpenetrating fcc sublattices
with atoms X, Mn and Ni, at locations (0, 0, 0), (½, ½, ½), (¼, ¼, ¼, ¼) and (¾, ¾, ¾), respectively
[5]. For non-stoichiometric alloys the excess of Mn atoms are located at In's crystallographic sites and
a configuration of these atoms is set randomly. In our model, we consider FM and AFM interactions
between Mn and Ni atoms on a cubic and tetragonal unit cell. The interaction between In atoms is
neglible. Values of magnetic exchange integrals have been taken from first-principle ab initio
calculations for Ni50Mn34In16 alloy [6]. So, the magnetic subsystem is described by mixed 3-5 state
Potts model which allows to simulate the magnetic phase transition [6]. Here, ―3‖ and ―5‖ means
numbers of spin states of Ni and Mn atoms, respectively. Because, the spin moments of Ni and Mn
atoms are S=1 and S=2, and 2S+1 states are possible. For the modeling of the structural transformation
from the austenitic phase to the martensitic phase, we choose the degenerated three states Blume-
Emery-Griffiths model [6].
By the help of theoretical model the thermomagnetization curves, magnetic and total specific
heats and inverse and conventional MCE of Ni50Mn34In16 are obtained. For a comparing with model
results of MCE we also have simulated MCE by the help of thermodynamical Maxwell equations. It is
shown that the model magnetocaloric quantities are closed to experimental results [2, 3].

[1] Y. Sutou et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 85, 4358 (2004).


[2] T. Krenke et al., Phys. Rev. B 73, 174413 (2006).
[3] X. Moya et al., Phys. Rev. B 75, 184412 (2007).
[4] K.A. Gschneidner Jr., and V.K. Pecharsky, Int. J. Refrig. 31, 945 (2008).
[5] P.J. Webster et al., Phil. Mag. B 49, 295 (1984).
[6] V.D. Buchelnikov et al., Phys. Rev. B 78, 184427 (2008).
M-P-091

Static and dynamic quadrupolar susceptibility for a Spin-1 Ising model

R. ERDEM 1 and A. PAWLAK2


1
Department of Physics, Gaziosmanpaşa University, 60250 Tokat, TURKEY
2
Facuty of Physics, Adam Mickiewics University, Umultowska 85 61-614 Poznan, POLAND
rerdem29@hotmail.com

The relaxational dynamics for a spin-1 Ising system is formulated in terms of the Landau-
Ginzburg Hamiltonian and the equations of motion for the dipolar and quadrupolar fields [1, 2]. The
corresponding dynamic functional is also presented.
The dynamic susceptibility related to the quadrupolar field is determined within the Van Hove
approximation [3]. The temperature and frequency behaviour of the real and imaginary components of
the dynamic susceptibility was investigated. The comparison with the static expressions in the mean-
field approximation is made. Finally, the theoretical results are discussed from the point of view of
irreversible thermodynamics [4,5].

[1] C. E. I. Carneiro, V. B. Henriques and S. R. Salinas, J. Phys. A: Math. Gen. 20, 189 (1987).
[2] R. Erdem and A. Pawlak, Turkish Physical Society 26. International Physics Conference,
September 2009, Bodrum, Turkey
[3] L. V. Hove, Phys. Rev. 95, 1374 (1954).
[4] R. Erdem, J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 320, 2273 (2008).
[5] R. Erdem, J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 321, 2592 (2009).
M-P-092

Dependence of a percolation threshold on concentration potassium in La1-xKxMnO3 manganites

A. GAMZATOV1, A. BATDALOV1, L. KHANOV1, A. MANKEVICH2 and I. KORSAKOV2


1
Institute of Physics, Daghestan Scientific Center of RAS, 94 М. Yaragskogo Street , Makhachkala, 367003, RUSSIA
2
Chemistry Department, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992, Moscow, RUSSIA
gamzatov_adler@mail.ru

The manganites doped by univalent ions (Na, K, Ag) have a number of essential differences in
comparison with well studied manganites Ln1-xAxMnO3, where A is two-valent metal (Cr, Sr,…). For
charge balance conservation at doping the mother composition LаMnO3 by the univalent ions K+ two
ions of Mn3+ are needed to pass on the state of M4+ in each introduced K+ univalent ion. It means the
narrowing of the phase diagram T-x along axe x and high values of TC at low doping (x<0.2).
In this report there are presented the
experimental results for the electric resistance
() of ceramic samples La1-xKxMnO3 (0.10;
0.11; 0.13; 0.15; 0.175) in a region T=77-350 K
(Fig.1) and in the magnetic fields up to 20 kOe.
Figure 1 shows that in all studied samples,
except the main peak, showing a metal-
dielectric transition, there are additional peaks.
We used simple phenomenological models [1]
to analyze the temperature dependences (Т),
what allows to describe the electric resistance
as a function of temperature in a wide
temperature interval. Within this model the Figure 1. Temperature dependence of the
electric resistance is described as follows [1]: electric resistance for the system La1-
xKxMnO3.

 (T )   0  AT 2  BT 4.5  f  DT exp( E P / k BT )(1  f )

where f is a fraction of the ferromagnetic phase,


(1-f) is a fraction of the paramagnetic phase.
The approximation of the experimental data by
means of this expression permits to get a lot of
additional information. In particular, it is
obtained the temperature dependences of
volume fraction of the ferromagnetic phases in
the dependence on potassium concentration. Figure 2. The dependence TC and Tf=0.17 on x for
The analyze (Т) shows, that when x<0.12 the the system La1-xKxMnO3.
temperature (Tf=0.17), at which a percolation
threshold forms, is below the Curie temperature This work was partly supported by RFBR (Grant
(TC), and at concentration x>0.12 it is higher the Numbers 09-08-96533) and the Department of
Curie temperature (Fig.2). Physics of RAS.

[1] G. Li, H.-D. Zhou, S. J. Feng, J. Appl. Phys., 92,


1406 (2002).
M-P-093

Temperature dependence of transport properties of Co-Fe-B/MgO/Co-Fe-B magnetic tunnel


junctions

AYAZ ARIF KHAN, J. SCHMALHORST and G. REISS

Thin films and Physics of Nano Structures, Department of Physics, Bielefeld University, P.O. Box 100131
33501 Bielefeld, GERMANY
ayazarif@physik.uni-bielefeld.de

We have performed a systematic analysis of the voltage and temperature dependence of the
tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) in Co-Fe-B/MgO/Co-Fe-B magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) with
barrier thickness dMgO between 1.8 and 4 nm. All the junctions show a comparable TMR of about
300 % at low temperature with low bias voltage. Both the junction resistance and magnetoresistance
decreases with increasing temperature or bias voltage. In the bias voltage range of ± 500 mV and
temperature range of 13-330 K the strongest decrease of TMR with either increase in bias voltage (of
about 98 % ) or increase in temperature (of about 94 % ) was observed for MTJ with 4.0 nm thick
barrier. Whereas for dMgO= 1.8 nm the smallest drop of 51 % with increase in voltage and 43% with
rise of temperature was found. MTJs with 2.1 nm and 3.0 nm displayed an intermediate behavior. This
behavior was analyzed in the framework of recently suggested models for the bias and temperature
dependent transport. Especially, the influence of unpolarized and polarized hopping conductance will
be discussed.
M-P-094

Perpendicular magnetic anisotropy of amorphous CoSiB/Pt multilayers

J.S. PARK and H.I. YIM

Department of Physics, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 140-742, KOREA


haein@sm.ac.kr

Perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) in magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) is being widely
studied as the possible candidate for high density spin transfer torque magnetic random access memory
(STT-MRAM). The key issues of high density STT-MRAM are the switching current and thermal
activation [1]. In this work, we present new amorphous ferromagnetic materials, Co75Si15B10, as free
layer and/or pinned (reference) layer for MTJs with a low saturation magnetization (Ms) value
because of getting better interface roughness. Also, we investigate the magnetic and
microstructural properties of [CoSiB tCoSiB /Pt tPt]n multilayers (MLs) and find the most suitable
structure with high PMA in order to have high thermal stability. The Hc increase with increasing tCoSiB
to reach a maximum at tCoSiB = 3 Å and then decrease at tCoSiB > 3 Å. The highest Hc of 224 Oe and
perpendicular anisotropy constant Ku of 2 × 106 erg/cm3 is revealed in [CoSiB 3 Å/Pt 14 Å]5 ML. The
details of various PMA parameters dependence of Hc, Ku, and Ms will be discussed.

[1] Takehito Shimatsu, Hiroyuki Uwazumi, Hiroaki Muraoka and Yoshihisa Nakamura, J. Magn.
Magn. Mater. 235, 273 (2001).
M-P-095

Nonlinear electrical transport through the grain boundary tunneling in La-deficient compound
La0.9Mn0.9Co0.1O3

K. DE, A. ROY, C.J.R. SILVA and M.J.M. GOMES

Physics Centre and Centre of Chemistry, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, PORTUGAL
Kalyan@fisica.uminho.pt

The resistivity, magnetoresistance (MR), and nonlinear electrical transport as a function of


temperature and magnetic field in La-deficient compound La0.9Mn0.9Co0.1O3 has been investigated.
The experiment carried out through the temperature range 20-293 K in the magnetic field up to 5 kOe.
The nonlinear electrical transport was studied below the paramagnetic to ferromagnetic transition
temperature (Tc = 195K). The analysis of current-voltage (I−V) characteristics shows that the transport
through the grain boundary (GB) is dominated by multistep inelastic tunneling in low temperature,
which is effected by magnetic field. However the zero-bias conductance [G0 = (dI/dV)V =0] is enhanced
in presence of magnetic field. The electrical transport properties have been interpreted in terms of
tunneling through the GB region where substitution of Mn by Co introduces more disorder in GB.
M-P-096

Giant tunneling magnetoresistance at room temperature in Al/Co-Ni-N granular thin films

S.I. TANASE, D. PINZARU, L. VLAD, P. PASCARIU and V. GEORGESCU

Faculty of Physics, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, Iasi 700506, ROMANIA


tanase_sorin2006@yahoo.com

Giant magnetoresistance in granular films has been extensively investigated since it was first
discovered in immiscible alloy films with ferromagnetic particles embedded in a nonmagnetic matrix
(FM-M) [1, 2]. The purpose of this paper was to obtain by electrodeposition thin magnetic films with
tunnelling magnetoresistance (TMR) properties, which could appear in granular structures composed
of ferromagnetic metal-insulator-metal junctions, where electrons tunnel through an insulating barrier.
The granular Co-Ni-N thin films were obtained by electrodeposition in a three-electrode cell,
from a complex bath containing Co and Ni ions and specific additives. In the electrolytic bath was
added NaNO3 as a source for nitrogen inclusion in the films by cationic catalytic processes. Optimum
conditions for the electrodeposition of Co-Ni-N thin films have been established elsewhere. The
granular films were deposited in potentiostatic regime using Al as working electrode. The samples
were characterized by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) and by torsion magnetometry (in
1190Oe maximum magnetic field) at room temperature for magnetic behaviours. Magnetoresistance
(MR) measurements at room temperature were carried out in dc magnetic field by means of current in
plane (CIP) device configuration. We have found that MR measured in CIP configuration depends on
nitrogen content (CN) of the film.
From XPS analyses of the samples we have found that the nitrogen is included preferentially at
the grain limits of the granular films. For example, in a film containing in average 4.3 at% N, the
content of nitrogen in the grain frontiers is about 6.9 at. %, whereas it is of 2.2 at. % when the spot is
focalized on the grain centre. The analyses proved that Al and O are present in the un-deposited sites
on the surface near the granular limits; these sites constitute insulator barriers for electronic transport.
We have found that Co-Ni-N granular films display tunnelling magnetoresistance effect (in the range
2-150% in CIP configuration). These large values for TMR could be explained mainly by the elastic
spin dependent scattering of conduction electrons at the interface between magnetic grains (rich in N
inter-granular frontiers and aluminium oxidized substrate). The large TMR effect obtained for Co-Ni-
N granular films make them useful for technological applications.
The samples containing about 73 – 66 at % Co, 0 – 22 at% N, balance Ni display out of plane
magnetic anisotropy. By torsion magnetometer measurements we concluded that magneto static
interactions between magnetic grains are of anti-ferromagnetic type (evidenced both by sin θ shape of
the torque curves in low magnetic fields and the increase of the rotational hysteresis loses in high
magnetic fields). This behaviour was confirmed by the specific shape of hysteresis loops.

[1] A. E. Berkowitz, J. R. Mitchell, M. J. Carey, A. P. Young, S. Zhang, F. E. Spada, F. T. Parker, A.


Hutten and G. Thomas, Phys. Rev. Lett. 68, 3745 (1992).
[2] J. Q. Xiao, J. S. Jiang and C. L. Chien, Phys. Rev. Lett. 68, 3749 (1992).
[3] W. Schwarzacher and D. S. Lashmore, IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS, 32, NO. 4,
(1996).
M-P-097

The effect of substrate and annealing temperatures on magnetic properties of Cu 2MnAl Heusler
Alloy films

R. TOPKAYA1, N. AKDOGAN1, R. YILGIN1, S. KAZAN1, B. AKTAS,


M. OBAIDA2, H. INAM2 and K. WESTERHOLT2
1
Gebze Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, 41400 Kocaeli, TURKEY
2
Institut für Experimentalphysik/Festkörperphysik, Ruhr-Universitaet Bochum, 44780 Bochum, GERMANY

Half-metallic ferromagnets have become one of the most promising materials for potential
spintronic applications after prediction for NiMnSb in 1983 by de Groot [1]. The existence of a band
gap at the Fermi level (EF) for one spin direction leads to 100% spin polarization at the EF and makes
these materials attractive for applications in tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR), giant
magnetoresistance (GMR) and magnetic random access memory (MRAM) devices. The Heusler alloys
as the half-metallic ferromagnets are of particular interest due to their lattice matching with
semiconductors and high Curie temperature. Among the Heusler alloy families, the copper series and
mainly Cu2MnAl are the mostly studied ones.
In this work, 30 nm thick Cu2MnAl thin films were prepared by using ion beam sputtering
technique on MgO and SiO2 substrates. The films were also post-annealed for 30 minutes at 200°C,
300°C, 400°C and 500°C, respectively in order to investigate the annealing effects on magnetic
properties. The films were finally covered a 20 nm thick Al2O3 layer in order to prevent the Heusler
films from ex-situ oxidation. The samples were characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD). The effect of
substrate and annealing temperature on magnetic properties is investigated by vibrating sample
magnetometry (VSM) and ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) techniques. FMR technique is powerful
and useful in order to determine magnetic properties of the samples which are magnetic anisotropy and
damping constants. FMR measurements were carried out in two different geometries: in plane
geometry (both dc field and magnetic field of microwave lie in the film plane) and out of plane
geometry (dc field was rotated from the sample plane toward the film normal). The experimental data
have been stimulated by a self-written computer. The samples show ferromagnetic behaviour at room
temperature. As a result of post-annealing magnetization increases with increase of annealing
temperature and after certain temperature it decreases again. The discussion about the origin of the
different magnetic and structural properties is also given.

[1] R.A. de Groot, F.M. Mueller, P.G. van Engen and K.H.J. Buschow, Phys. Rev. Lett. 50, 25 (1983).
M-P-098

Spin and heat transport in low dimensional magnetic system

A.S.T. PIRES and L.S. LIMA

Department of Physics, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, CP 702, Belo Horizonte, MG 30123-970, BRAZIL
antpires@fisica.ufmg.br

Spin and heat transport in low-dimensional strongly correlated systems is an important topic of
research and they have been the subject of intense theoretical and experimental study, mainly in one-
dimension. The situation is less clear in two-dimensions. Two dimensional spin systems are, however,
of particular interest due to their relevance for high-temperature superconductivity. Here we study spin
and heat transport in the easy-plane two-dimensional anisotropic antiferromagnet. This model also
describes array of Josephson junctions connecting two superconducting metallic grains. The regular
part of the spin conductivity is calculated, at zero temperature, using a self consistent harmonic
approximation and the Kubo formalism for transport [1]. Three magnon processes provide the
dominant contribution to the spin conductivity. Furthermore, the transport is ballistic characterized by
a finite Drude weight. In addition to the small oscillatory spin currents generated by spin waves, we
have also stationary currents in which the spins rotate in the easy plane through a large number of full
rotations when we move along the direction of the spin current. The thermal Drude weight for heat
transport is also calculated as a function of temperature.

[1] A. S. T. Pires and L. S. Lima, Phys. Rev. B 79, 064401 (2009).


M-P-099

TN shift of Mott Insulator MnS induced by Fe-substitution

G. ABRAMOVA1, G. PETRAKOVSKII1, J. SCHEFER2, M. BOEHM3, D. VELIKANOV1 and


V. SOKOLOV4
1
Kirensky Institute of Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch, Krasnoyarsk, RUSSIA
2
Laboratory for Neutron Scattering, ETH Zürich & Paul Scherrer Institut, Zurich, SWITZERLAND
3
Institute Max von Laue-Paul Langevin, Grenoble, FRANCE
4
Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch, Novosibirsk, RUSSIA
agm@iph.krasn.ru

We developed a technology of synthesis of FeXMn1-XS (0<X<0.3) single crystals. In this study,


the experimental results on the effect of Fe substitution on the crystal structure and the electronic, and
magnetic properties of FeXMn1-XS are presented.

Spectroscopic investigations of MnS with the fcc NaCl


structure showed the occurrence of the Mott transition at room
temperature and high pressure [1]. As the Fe2+ ion radius is
0.78Å, which is less than the Mn2+ ion radius (0.92 Å), we
assumed that Fe substitution in MnS, similar to the high
pressure effect, can change the physical properties of the
material. The technology of synthesis of the FeXMn1-XS single
crystals was described in [2]. The magnetic properties were
studied in the temperature range 4.2–300 K with a SQUID
magnetometer and neutron powder and single crystal
diffractions. We have found that Fe-substitution in the FeXMn1-
XS system at 300 K changes the parameter of the MnS cubic
unit cell, the resistance and Neel temperature like to the
hydrostatic pressure does. The figure (a) shows the Neel
temperature vs the composition X in FeXMn1-XS. Neel
temperature shift under pressure for pure MnS (figure b [2])
presented for the comparison.

This study was supported by the INTAS (Project no. 06-1000013-9002), the Physical Sciences
Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Program ―Spin-dependent Effects in the Solids and
Spintronics‖, Project no. 2.4.2 SB RAS).

[1] Y. Ishida, Y. Mita, M. Kobayashi, et al., J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 272–276, 428 (2004).
[2] Abramova, N. Volkov, G. Petrakovskiy, V. Sokolov; M. Boehm; at all., J. Mag. Magn. Mat., 320,
23, 3207 (2008).
[3] C. A. McCammon, Phys. Chem. Miner. 17, 636 (1991).
M-P-100

Magnetic ordering anisotropy in epitaxial orthorhombic multiferroic HoMnO3 thin films

T. H. LIN1,A), C.W. LUO1, J.-Y. LIN2, C.-H. HSU3, Y.H. CHU4, K.H. WU1, T.M. UEN1 and
J.Y. JUANG1,B)
1
Department of Electrophysics, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, TAIWAN
2
Institute of Physics, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, TAIWAN
3
National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center (NSRRC), Hsinchu 30076, TAIWAN
4
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, HsinChu, 30010, TAIWAN
a)
mail: mumuhair.ep95g@nctu.edu.tw b) mail: jyjuang@cc.nctu.edu.tw

Orthorhombic HoMnO3 thin films with a-axis, b-axis [1], and c-axis [2,3] orientations were,
respectively, obtained by pulsed laser deposition on SrTiO3(110), LaAlO3(110), and SrTiO3(001)
substrates. The results demonstrate that the strain between film and substrate can serve as an
alternative in transforming the thermodynamically stable hexagonal HoMnO3 into the orthorhombic
phase, which previously could be obtained with high-pressure high temperature syntheses and epitaxy-
stabilized thin film processes. More importantly, these films allow us, for the first time, to
unambiguously disclose the intrinsic magnetic property along different crystallographic orientations.

[1] T. H. Lin*, C.C. Hsieh, H.C. Shih, C.W. Luo, T.M. Uen, K.H. Wu, J.Y. Juang*, J.-Y. Lin, C.-H.
Hsu, and S. J. Liu, ―Anomalous magnetic ordering in b-axis-oriented orthorhombic HoMnO3 thin
films‖, Appl. Phys. Lett. 92, 132503 (2008).
[2] T. H. Lin*, H.C. hih, C.C. Hsieh, C.W. Luo, J.-Y. Lin, J.L. Her, H.D. Yang, K.H. Wu, T.M. Uen,
and J.Y. Juang*, ―Strain-induced effects on magnetic ordering and magneto-capacitance in
orthorhombic HoMnO3 thin films‖, J. Phys.: Conden. Matter. 21, 026013 (2009).
[3] T. H. Lin*, C. C. Hsieh, C. W. Luo, J.-Y. Lin, C. P. Sun, H. D. Yang, C.-H. Hsu, Y. H. Chu, K. H.
Wu, T. M. Uen, and J. Y. Juang*, ―Magnetism-induced ferroelectric polarization in the c-axis-oriented
orthorhombic HoMnO3 thin films‖ J. Appl. Phys. 106, 103923 (2009).
M-P-101

A novel plateau in the magnetization curve of the the alternating Heisenberg Chain

M. SHAHRI NASERI, S. MAHDAVIFAR and S. FARJAMI SHAYESTEH

Department of Physics, University of Guilan, PO Box 41335-1914, Rasht, IRAN


shahri@guilan.ac.ir

At zero temperature, the effect of a uniform magnetic field on an alternating spin 1/2 chain is
studied using the numerical Lanczos approach. The alternating model is defined as an alternating
Heisenberg AF1  F  AF1  F  AF3  F chain with the space-modulated dominant antiferromagnetic
exchange. A detailed numerical analysis of the low energy excitation spectrum is presented. The
energy gap and the magnetization of the system are calculated for finite chains. It is found that the
space modulation on the antiferromagnetic exchange induced two new gaps in the spectrum. In these
new gapped regions, the magnetization shows two non- zero plateaus at the values 1/3 and 2/3 of the
saturation magnetization.

Second Plateau

First Plateau

Fig. 1. The magnetization M z as a function of applied field for N=12, 18, 24 chain
with J AF1  6 , J AF2  7 .

Fig. 2. Difference between the energy of lowest level and the ground state energy as a function of
applied field for N=12, 18, 24 chain with J AF1  6 , J AF2  7 .
M-P-102

Zero-temperature study of the Anisotropic Tetrameric Spin-1/2 Chain in a transverse magnetic


field

M. SHABANI ARBOSARA and S. MAHDAVIFAR

Department of Physics, University of Guilan, PO Box 41335-1914, Rasht, IRAN


mahboobe.shabani@gmail.com

At zero temperature, the effect of a transverse magnetic field on an anisotropic tetrameric chain
is studied using the numerically lanczos method. The tetrameric model is considered as an alternating
Heisenberg AF-F chain with space- modulated dominant AF coupling. The energy gap, the
magnetization and the sting order parameter as a function of the transverse magnetic field are
calculated. The magnetization curve, shows a non-zero plateau at the value Msat/2 (one half of the
saturated magnetization) where the system is gaped. The numerical results show that the ground state
magnetic phase diagram of the model in presence of a transverse field contains, besides the gaped
Haldane and saturated ferromagnetic phases, a novel kind of the gaped stripe-antiferromagnetic phase.

New
Gap New
Gap

Figure 1. Difference between the energy of the two lowest levels as a function of the magnetic field h,
for chain with lengths N=16.
M-P-103

One-dimensional quantum compass model in an out-plane magnetic field

M. MOTAMEDIFAR, S. MAHDAVIFAR and S. FARJAMI SHAYESTEH

Department of Physics, Guilan University, Rasht, IRAN


m.motamedifar@gmail.com

The one dimensional spin-1/2 quantum compass model in a uniform magnetic field is studied
using numerical and analytical approaches. In the limit of the positive strong coupling in odd links, the
model is mapped to the one dimensional Ising model in a transverse magnetic field. Analytical
investigations of the effective Hamiltonian propose that, the increasing of the magnetic field causes
tow quantum phase transitions at the low limit temperature. In addition, the existence of the quantum
phase transitions is studied using the numerical Lanczos method. Our numerical results are in well
agreement with the analytical results.

Figure 1. Upper graph sowing the gap of the model, three phases and tow critical fields which are in
agreement with analytical anticipation, however the lower curve is not accepted as gap for not
corresponding with analytical investigation.
M-P-104

Electronic structure of new RENiAsO (RE = Rare Earth Elements) compounds: Ab initio spin-
density functional theory

M. MOUSSA and A. ZAOUI

Modeling and Simulation in Materials Science Laboratory, Physics Department,


Universityof SidiBel-Abbes, 22000Sidi Bel Abbes ALGERIA
moussamed2007@yahoo.fr

RENiAsO compounds have been studied by using density-functional theory with the local spin-
density approximation (LSDA). In order to take into account the strong on-site Coulomb interaction U
present in RENiAsO, we also performed the LSDA+U calculations.We investigated the electronic
structure with on-site Coulomb potential for the RE-derived 4f orbitals and Ni-derived 3d to obtain the
correct ground state of REFeAsO. The structural parameters, density of states and band structures have
been given in detail. Overall, the technique developed and tested in this work holds promise in
enabling accurate and fully predictive calculations of strongly correlated electron materials. A detailed
analysis shows that the LSDA+U method provides the better description of our systems. No
experimental or ab-initio study was related to this series of materials.

[1] A. Zaoui, M. Moussa, S. Kacimi, A. Boukortt, B. Bouhafs, Superlattices and Microstructures 46


533-540 (2009).
M-P-105

Structural, magnetic and electrical properties of La0.67Pb0.33Mn1-xCoxO3(0≤x≤0.3)

N. DHAHRI 1, J. DHAHRI 1 and E. DHAHRI 2


1
Unité de Recherche de Physique des Solides, Département de Physique, Faculté des Sciences de Monastir, 5019,
TUNISIA
2
Laboratoire de Physique appliqué, Département de physique, Faculté des sciences de Sfax, 3018, TUNISIA
jemai_dhahri@yahoo.fr & neiladhahri@yahoo.fr

The structural, magnetic and electrical properties of La0.67Pb0.33Mn1-xCoxO3 (0≤x≤0.30)


perovskites prepared by the sol-gel method were investigated. The rhombohedral distorted perovskite

structure with space group R 3 c is observed in this series of materials while the average size <rB> and
Co content are varied simultaneously. The Rietveld refinement of the structure shows that the
substitution of Mn by Co in the Mn site changes the structure parameters such as the (Mn,Co)-O bond
length and (Mn,Co)-O-(Mn,Co) angles. An increase in the (Mn,Co)-O bond length with increasing Co
content leads to a decrease in the paramagnetic-ferromagnetic transition temperature TC and the metal-
semiconductor transition temperature Tp.
M-P-106

Products of Landau and Plane Wave Functions for even-denominator quantum hall states

O. CIFTJA1, 2
1
Department of Physics, Prairie View A&M University, Prairie View, Texas 77446, USA
2
Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
ogciftja@pvamu.edu

Strongly correlated electronic systems in low dimensions have always been of great great
interest to condensed matter physics. In particular, two-dimensional electronic system in a
perpendicular magnetic field manifest some of the most interesting phenomena discovered over the
last two decades including the fractional quantum Hall effect [1] a novel quantum many-body
incompressible electronic liquid state. Most of the fractional quantum Hall states occur at odd
denominator filling factors. On the other hand, the even denominator filling factor states are not
fractional quantum Hall liquid states with the only known exception that is the filling factor 5/2 phase.
Microscopic descriptions such as the Rezayi-Read wave function [2] provide one very useful way to
understand the even denominator states and imply existence of a Fermi liquid state with well defined
Fermi surface and energy. For large systems of particles it is generally impossible to find exact closed-
form solutions for many-body wave functions of Jastrow-Slater form. In this work we focus on small
systems of electrons and try to get a deeper understanding of the nature of various wave functions
which are combinations of Landau and plane wave states much in the spirit of the Rezayi-Read wave
function. We obtain several analytical expressions for various ground state quantities and discuss
possible implications of these results in studies of correlated systems of electrons.

[1] D. C. Tsui, H. L. Stormer and A. C. Gossard, Phys. Rev. Lett. 48, 1559 (1982).
[2] E. Rezayi and N. Read, Phys. Rev. Lett. 72, 900 (1994).
M-P-107

Low-dimentional gapped Spin-1/2 systems in a transverse magnetic field

R. NEMATI, S. MAHDAVIFAR and S. BATEBI

Department of Physics, University of Guilan, PO Box 41335-1914, Rasht, IRAN


snemati64@gmail.com

Two subclasses of the anisotropic low-dimensional quantum magnets, two-leg ladder and
alternating chains are considered.
The effect of a uniform transverse magnetic field on the ground state phase diagram of the
models is studied using the analytical perturbation and numerical Lanczos methods.
All critical fields are calculated and compared with the numerical results. It is also studied the
entanglement between different spins as a function of the transverse magnetic field.
M-P-108

Ground state magnetic phase diagram of the one-dimensional quantum compass model

S. MAHDAVIFAR

Department of Physics, University of Guilan, 41335-1914, Rasht, IRAN


mahdavifar@guilan.ac.ir

The ground state magnetic phase diagram of the one-dimensional quantum compass model
(QCM) is studied using the numerical Lanczos method. A detailed numerical analysis of the low
energy excitation spectrum is presented. The energy gap and the spin-spin correlation functions are
calculated for finite chains. Based on the numerical analysis, the first and second order quantum phase
transitions in the ground state phase diagram are identified. Three kind of the magnetic long-range
orders, the Neel, a type of the stripe-antiferromagnet, and string order in the ground state phase
diagram are identified.
M-P-109

Spin-glass features in magnetic and transport properties of La0.8Ca0.2MnO3 nanoparticles

V. MARKOVICH 1, G. JUNG 1, I. FITA2,3, A. WISNIEWSKI2, Y. YUZHELEVSKI1,


D. MOGILYANSKY4, R. PUZNIAK2, L. TITELMAN4 and G. GORODETSKY1
1
Department of Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105 Beer-Sheva, ISRAEL
2
Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Aleja Lotnikow 32/4 , Warsaw, POLAND
3
Donetsk Institute for Physics & Technology, 83114 Donetsk, UKRAINE
4
Institute of Applied Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev , 84105 Beer-Sheva, ISRAEL
markoviv@bgu.ac.il

Magnetic and transport properties of compacted La0.8Ca0.2MnO3 manganite nanoparticles with


average particle size of 18 nm have been investigated. La0.8Ca0.2MnO3 crystallites with 18 nm average
particle size were prepared by the glycine–nitrate method. Ensambles of nanoparticles exhibit
paramagnetic to ferromagnetic transition (PFT) at TC  231 K and have relative volume of the
ferromagnetic phase of about 52%. The hydrostatic pressure enhances TC of La0.8Ca0.2MnO3
nanoparticles at a rate dTC/dP  1.8 - 1.9 K/kbar, which is very similar to that observed in bulk
metallic La0-xCaxMnO3, indicating that dominant magnetic interactions in nanoparticle cores are
ferromagnetic double exchange interactions.
AC susceptibility of 18 nm particles strongly depends on frequency in the temperature range 60
- 220 K and shows features of collective freezing of magnetic moments below 60 K. Such behavior is
reminiscent of that of La1-xCaxMnO3 crystals doped below the percolation threshold, xC = 0.225, in the
vicinity of spin-glass transition. In marked contrast, AC susceptibility measured for ensambles of
larger, 70 nm La0-xCaxMnO3 nanoparticles is not frequency dependent, in close similarity with the
susceptibility of La1-xCaxMnO3 crystals doped above the percolation threshold at x > xC.. In addition
characteristics memory effects in zero field cooling (ZFC) and field cooling (FC) magnetization have
been observed. Aging experiments revealed the dependence of magnetization relaxation in ZFC
samples on the time spend by the system at low temperatures, after changing the applied magnetic
field at low temperatures. The FC magnetization recorded after three intermittent stop and wait steps at
low temperatures exhibits step-like increases at each stop temperature during subsequent monotonic
reheating. The temperature of the peak in ZFC magnetization decreases as a function of magnetic field.
The dependence forms a critical line with an exponent n = 1.89, in a rough agreement with exponent n
= 3/2 from de Almeida-Thouless formula H(T) = H0 (1 − T/Tf) n.
Glass-like dynamics manifests itself also in transport properties of the investigated
nanoparticles. The resistivity of 18 nm ensambles has a semiconducting character in the temperature
range 150 – 300 K. At temperatures below the PFT, 18 nm particles exhibit various dynamic
phenomena such as cooling rate dependence, relaxation, and memory effects in the resistivity. After
relaxation at low temperatures, the resistivity rejuvenates in the heating run at T ~ 250 K. If the sample
after the relaxation process is further cooled down and subsequently reheated, the rejuvenation occurs
already at the temperature at which the resistivity was previously allowed to relax.
The magnetic and transport experimental results suggest that the observed glass-like behavior
originates from disordered surface shells of nanoparticles and exhibits features characteristics for both
superspin-glass and superferromagnetic systems.
M-P-110

Magnetic properties of system La1-xSmxMnO3 at low temperature

А.I. RYKOVA1, E.N. KHATSKO1, А.S. CHERNY 1, T. MYDLARZ and J. WARCHULSKA2


1
B.I.Verkin Institute for Low Temperature Phys. & Engineering of NASU, 47 Lenin Ave., Kharkov, 61103, UKRAINE
2
International laboratory of high magnetic fields and low temperatures, 95 Gajowicka Street 53-421 Wroclaw, POLAND
rykova@ilt.kharkov.ua

Doped lanthanum manganites with perovskite structure are intensively studied now owing to
―colossal‖ anomalies of magnetic and transport properties observed in this class of materials.
The lanthanum manganite LaMnO3 has been the object of numerous investigations after
Wollan and Koehler [1] magnetic ordering study of the lanthanum manganite. The LaMnO 3 Neel
temperature is found to be in the temperature range from 100 K to 145 K [1, 2, 3].
An experimental investigations of the magnetic properties of manganite La1-xSmxMnO3
(x=0’1) are presented.
The anomalies typical for the phase transition to a magnetic ordered state are observed at
temperatures near 15 K and 50-60 K for our samples. The measured temperature dependence of the
magnetic susceptibility is quite well described by Curie-Weiss law at temperatures above magnetic
ordering, but the sign and value of Curie-Weiss constant θ changes with rare earth Sm3+ concentration
variation. Below 50 K samples with x=0, 1 are antiferromagnetic, the rest of the specimens is
ferromagnetic. Near 15 K the magnetic interaction between ions of manganese lead to the
ferromagnetic ordered state of the sublattice of samarium.
The temperature dependences of the magnetization M in temperature range 4.2 – 300 K were
studied in external magnetic field up to 0.35 T for all samples. The M(T) is measured using the
different regimes of cooling (ZFC and FC regimes). The presence of areas with different electron
densities in oxides results in coexistence of ferromagnetic, metal and antiferromagnetic isolator
nanoscale phases. This leads to clear-cut distinguishes between MZFC(T) and MFC(T) curves at all
magnetic fields.
The field dependences of d.c. magnetization of the samples in temperature range 300-0.5 K and
magnetic field up to 14 T was studied. The M(H) demonstrates a hysteresis loops for all concentration
of Sm3+, except for LaMnO3. The SmMnO3 magnetization field dependences are measured using the
ZFC and FC cooling regimes. Clear diversity between ZFC and FC curves implies the significant
magnetic anisotropy due to Sm ion contribution [5, 4] and spin cluster phase existence [1].

[1] E.O. Wollan and W.C. Koehler, Phys. Rev., 100 p.545 (1955).
[2] W.C. Koehler and E.O. Wollan, J. Phys. Chem. Solids, 2, p.100 (1957).
[3] G. Matsumoto, J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 29, p.606 (1970).
[4] A.A. Mukhin, V. Yu. Ivanov, V.D. Travkin, A.S. Prokhorov, A.M. Balbashov, J. Hemberger, A.
Loidl, J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 96, pp.272-276 (2004).
[5] Y. Chen at ell., J.Crystal growth, 305, pp.242-248 (2007).
M-P-111

Magnetic properties of YTiO3

P. AGZAMOVA, A. MOZHEGOROV, A. LARIN and A. NIKIFOROV

Department of Physics, Ural State University named after M. Gorky, 620000, Yekaterinburg, RUSSIA
polina.agzamova@usu.ru

Recently, much attention has been paid to 3d transition metal oxides with perovskite structure
RMO3 (R = rare earth element, M = TM element) with renewal interest such as Mott transition, charge
ordering, colossal magnetoresistance and so on. But in spite of 20 years of efforts, multiple
fundamental properties of these compounds are still a subject of the discussion. Among those
phenomena, which attract the main interest, there is the superexchange driven orbit-spin phase diagram
of perovskite titanates. At present the interest to titanates is increased due to relative simplicity of
electronic states of these compounds. Moreover Ti3+ ions (3d1 configuration) are relative to Jahn-Teller
ions, which possess unusual magnetic properties. YTiO3 is the typical representative of titanates with
strong electron correlation.
This report is devoted to the theoretical description YTiO3 system in the framework of
microscopical approach of static and dynamic magnetic properties. In particular nuclear magnetic
resonance (NMR) and antiferromagnetic resonance (AFMR) are considered as strong experimental
methods of magnetic structure crystal investigation.
Magnetic properties of YTiO3 system are determined by 3d ions (Ti3+) subsystem. Magnetic
3+
Ti ion influenced by crystal field that leads to establishment of static orbital structure, but there is no
reliable experiment to confirm that fact. Moreover there is no consistent theoretical model, which
allows to describe both observing experimental data and explain microscopical factors which to be
responsible for magnetic properties of YTiO3.
In this work we present the theoretical model which allows to describe macroscopical magnetic
properties of YTiO3, static magnetic structure and hyperfine fields on 139La nucleus formation
mechanisms and dynamic magnetic properties of this compound in framework of microscopical
positions.
The proposed model allows to quantitatively describing experimental NMR and AFMR spectra
[1, 2] and formation, mutual influence of orbital and magnetic structures of YTiO3 system.

[1] Y. Furukawa, I. Okamura, K. Kumagai, T. Goto, T. Fukase, Y. Taguchi, Y. Tokura, PRB, 59,
10550 (1999).
[2] B. Keimer et al., PRL, 85, 3946 (2000).
M-P-112

Magnetoresistance of A-site ordered Pr1-xBaxMnO3 (x=0.20, 0.25, 0.30) manganites

S.V. TRUKHANOV1, A.V. TRUKHANOV1 and H. SZYMCZAK2


1
Scientific-Practical Materials Research Centre NAS of Belarus, 220072 Minsk, BELARUS
2
Institute of Physics of PAS, 02-668 Warsaw, POLAND
truhanov@ifttp.bas-net.by

The structure and magnetotransport properties of the A-site ionic ordered state in Pr1-
xBaxMnO3+δ (x = 0.20, 0.25, 0.30;  = 0, 0.025) samples have been investigated. The parent A-site
ionic disordered Pr1-xBaxMnO3 compound is an orthorhombic (SG = Imma, Z = 4) ferromagnet with
Curie temperature TC  173 K (x = 0.30). It exhibits two peaks of electrical resistivity, at TI ~ 128 K
and TII ~ 173 K, as well as two peaks of magnetoresistance ~ 78 % and ~ 89 % in a field of 10 T. The
parent samples with x = 0.20 and 0.25 exhibit peak of magnetoresistance at ~ 103 and 107 K,
accordingly, up to 40 % in field of 0.9 T. The parent samples used in our studies has an average grain
size  D   10.213 μm [1]. Successive annealing of these samples in vacuum P[O2]  10-4 Pa and then
in air at T = 800 0C leads to the destruction of its initial grain structure and to its chemical separation
into two phases: (i) oxygen stoichiometric A-site ordered PrBaMn2O6 with tetragonal (SG = P4/mmm,
Z = 2) unit cell and TC  313 K and (ii) oxygen superstoichiometric A-site disordered Pr1-xBaxMnO3.05
with orthorhombic (SG = Pnma, Z = 4) unit cell and TC  100-133 K. They also exhibit a
magnetoresistance of ~ 19 % at ~ 313 K in a field of 10 T. These processed samples have a reduced
average grain size  D   491 nm [2]. The observed magnetic properties are interpreted in terms of
chemical phase separation, grain size, and A-site ionic ordering effects [3]. The materials obtained in
this work may be used at the creation of the magnetic field sensors, as they have considerable
magnetoresistance at room temperature.

[1] S.V. Trukhanov, V.V. Fedotova, A.V. Trukhanov, H. Szymczak, C.E. Botez, Technical Physics 53,
49 (2008).
[2] S.V. Trukhanov, V.V. Fedotova, A.V. Trukhanov, S.G. Stepin, H. Szymczak, Crystallography
Reports 53, 1177 (2008).
[3] S.V. Trukhanov, A.V. Trukhanov, C.E. Botez, H. Szymczak, Sensor Electronics and Microsystem
Technologies № 1, 5 (2009).
M-P-113

Mössbauer and magneto caloric effect for La0.7Ca0.3Mn0.9957Fe0.01O3

IL JIN PARK, SAM JIN KIM and CHUL SUNG KIM

Department of Physics, Kookmin University, Seoul 136-702, KOREA


cskim@kookmin.ac.kr

The magnetic properties of the lanthanum manganites are very sensitive to the synthesis
conditions [1]. Also, in the cation-ordered (LaMnO3)m/(SrMnO3)2m system show Néel temperature(TN)
that are the highest of any La1-xSrxMnO3 compound, ~70 K greater than compositionally equivalent
randomly doped La1/3Sr2/3MnO37 [2]. To investigate the effect of sintering conditions on LCMO, the
samples were sintered in air (SA) and evacuated sealed quartz tube (ST). The crystallographic and
magneto caloric effects of La0.7Ca0.3Mn0.9957Fe0.01O3 powders were studied by using x-ray diffraction,
vibrating sample magnetometer, and Mössbauer spectroscopy. The crystal structure of the samples at
room temperature is determined to be an orthorhombic Pnma structure. The determined lattice
parameters are present small structural distortions in ST sample. The calculated magnetic entropy
change in the magnetic fields of 1.5 T for the SA and ST samples are 1.6 J/kg K and 3.2 J/kg K,
respectively. The temperatures of the maximum slope in dM/dT for the SA and ST samples are 242 K
and 262 K, respectively. For the explanation of the Mössbauer line broadening, we applied the
presence the fluctuating magnetic field, which jumps between the values of hyperfine field, +H and –
H, along the z-axis with a frequency f. We calculated anisotropy energy from the Mössbauer relaxation
analysis [3, 4]. The frequency factor f0 of SA and ST were obtained from Mössbauer relaxation
analysis at RT, the value of 33.11 Γ/ħ and 36.59 Γ/ħ, respectively. From these results, the calculated
anisotropy energy of SA and ST are 3.03×103 erg/cm3 and 8.21×102 erg/cm3, respectively at 200 K.
The smaller anisotropy energy of ST is attributed to the larger particle size; larger particles formed the
multidomain, and the anisotropy energy decreases as the size increases.

[1] M. H. Phan, and S. C. Yu, Phys. Status Solidi A 204, 4091 (2007).
[2] S. J. May, P. J. Ryan, J. L. Robertson, S.-W. Kim, T. S. Santos, E. Karapetrova, J. L. Zarestky,
X. Zhai. S. G. te Velthuis, J. N. Eckstein, S. D. Bader, and A. Bhattacharya, Nature Mater., 8, 892
(2009).
[3] S. B. Kim, K. T. Park, C. S. Kim, J. Appl. Phys. 89, 7681 (2001).
[4] M.Blume, J. A. Tjon, Phys. Rev. 165, 4469 (1968).
M-P-114

The magnetic properties for europium doped BiFeO3

SUNG WOOK HYUN1, KANG RYONG CHOI2 and CHUL SUNG KIM1
1
Department of Physics, Kookmin University, Seoul 136-702, KOREA
2
Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, KOREA
cskim@kookmin.ac.kr

The crystallographic and magnetic properties of europium doped Bi0.9Eu0.1FeO3 prepared by a


sol-gel method have been studied by x-ray diffraction, superconducting quantum interference device
(SQUID) magnetometer, and Mössbauer spectroscopy. X-ray diffraction pattern for Bi0.9Eu0.1FeO3 was
analyzed by the Rietveld refinement using FULLPROF computer program, which fitted well with
Bragg factor RB = 3.44 and RF = 2.12. The crystals were determined to be a rhombohedrally distorted
perovskite-like structure with a space group of R3c [1-3]. The lattice parameters of Bi1-xEuxFeO3 (x =
0.0, 0.1) were a0 = 5.581, c0 = 13.876 Å [4] and a0 = 5.570, c0 = 13.810 Å, respectively, according to
the ionic radius of Bi3+ = 1.170 Å and Eu3+ = 1.087 Å. SQUID measurements showed the
antiferromagnetic behavior with Néel temperature (TN) of 640 K. Mössbauer spectra of the sample
have been obtained from 4.2 K to TN. Mössbauer spectrum at 4.2 K shows six-line 1-sextet having the
hyperfine field (Hf) values of 546 kOe. A least-squares fitting program was used to determine the
Mössbauer parameters by assuming Lorentzian line shapes. The valence state of Fe ion is Fe3+ relative
to the Fe metal, according to the isomer shift (δ) value = 0.39 mm/s at 4.2 K. In determining the inter-
atomic binding force in Bi0.9Eu0.1FeO3, the Debye temperature was calculated from the temperature
dependence of the resonant absorption area and was 486 K. Also, the spin state (S) was 5/2, from the
molecular field model using the Brillouin function.

[1] N. Balke, S. Choudhury, S. Jesse, M. Huijben, Y. H. Chu, A. P. Baddorf, L. Q. Chen, R. Ramesh


and S. V. Kalinin, Nat. Nanotechnol. 4, 868 (2009).
[2] C.-H. Yang, J. Seidel, S. Y. Kim, P. B. Rossen, P. Yu, M. Gajek, Y. H. Chu, L.W. Martin, M. B.
Holcomb, Q. He, P. Maksymovych, N. Balke, S. V. Kalinin, A. P. Baddorf, S. R. Basu, M. L. Scullin
and R. Ramesh, Nature Mater. 8, 485 (2009).
[3] Y.-H. Chu, L. W. Martin, M. B. Holcomb, M. Gajek, S.-J. Han, Q. He, N. Balke, C.-H. Yang, D.
Lee, W. Hu, Q. Zhan, P.-L. Yang, A. F.-Rodriguez, A. Scholl, S. X. Wang and R. Ramesh, Nature
Mater. 7, 478 (2008).
[4] I. Sosnowska. W. Schäfer, W. Kockelmann, K. H. Andersen, I. O. Troyanchuk, Appl. Phys. A 74,
S1040 (2002).
M-P-116

Anisotrpic magnetocaloric effect in single crystalline Pr0.48Sr0.52MnO3

M. PATRA1, S. MAJUMDAR1, S. GIRI1, G.N. ILES2 and T. CHATTERJI3


1
Department of Solid State Physics, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science,Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, INDIA
2
Institut Laue-Langevin, BP 156, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, FRANCE
3
JCNS, FZ Juelich Outstation at Institut Laue-Langevin, BP 156, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, FRANCE
sspmp@iacs.res.in

Magnetocaloric effect (MCE) is a magnetothermodynamic phenomenon in which a reversible change in


temperature of a suitable material is caused by exposing the material to a change in magnetic field. Magnetic
refrigeration technique based on large MCE has been recognized as a promising alternative to conventional gas
refrigeration. Recently, the effect of the magnetic anisotropy on MCE has been investigated experimentally and
theoretically where it was proposed that intrinsic anisotropy is one of the key parameters to increase the
refrigerant capacity of rare earth Laves phase intermetallics [1]. Here, we present the role of magnetocrystalline
anisotropy on MCE in a single crystalline, Pr0.48Sr0.52MnO3.
The MCE is calculated from the isothermal magnetization curves using Maxwell‘s thermodynamic
relation with field applied along the [110] direction (║) of the perovskite structure with Pbnm space group and
perpendicular () to it. Temperature (T) dependence of magnetization (M) shows a typical paramagnetic to
ferromagnetic Curie temperature (TC) at 280 K in accordance with the previous report [2]. A strong anisotropy
between ║ and  components of M(T) while measured at low field (H). Isothermal magnetization curves in a
wide range 40 – 320 K are shown in Fig. 1(a) and 1(b), respectively. A considerable anisotropy in the ║ and 
components of M(H) is observed in the low field region of the magnetization curves.
100 T = 20 K
4
(a) T = 20 K (b)
40 K 40 K
H = 50 kOe
(c)
80 180 K 180 K 3
- S (J/kg-K)

H  [110] direction
M (emu/g)

60 H [110] direction
=

2
H = 10 kOe
40
1
300 K
315 K
20 320 K
0
H [110] direction H  [110] direction
=

0 100 200 300


0 10 20 30 40 50 0 10 20 30 40 50
H (kOe) H (kOe) T (K)

Fig. 1. Magnetization curves at different temperatures (T) for field applied along (a) ║ and (b)  directions. (c)
T dependence of MCE for H = 50 and 10 kOe both in ║ and  directions.

As shown in fig. 1 (c) the maximum value of MCE with -SM  3.8 J/kg-K is observed at TC for H =
50 kOe. The values of MCE are nearly same for 250 K ≤ T ≤ 320 K. The value of ║ component is less than the
 component below 250 K. A change in sign of SM or inverse MCE (IMCE) is noticed in the ║ component
below ~ 140 K with a minimum (SM  0.6 J/kg-K) around 80 K which is also observed in the  component,
although SM for the  component is much smaller than the ║ component. At low field (H = 10 kOe) the
anisotropy in MCE is observed below TC which is even observed around TC. The experimental results
demonstrate that magnetocrystalline anisotropy plays a significant role in case of magnetic refrigeration.

[1] A. L. Lima, A. O. Tsokol, K. A. Gschneidner Jr., V. K. Pecharsky, T. A. Lograsso and D. L. Schlagel, Phys.
Rev. B 72, 024403 (2005).
[2] F. J. Rueckert, M. Steiger, B. K. Davis, T. Huynh, J. J. Neumeier, and M. S. Torikachvili, Phys. Rev. B 77,
064403 (2008).
M-P-117

Self-assembly of molecular wires

AYYAPPANPILLAI AJAYAGHOSH

Photosciences and Photonics Group, Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, National Institute for Interdisciplinary
Science and Technology, CSIR, Trivandrum-695 019, INDIA
ajayaghosh62@gmail.com

-Conjugated molecules, particularly semiconducting organic molecules (molecular wires) are


widely used in the fabrication of organic electronic devices. The bulk charge carrier mobility and
electronic conductivity of these molecules largely depends upon the molecular arrangement. The
bottom up self-assembly is recognized as a viable approach to the organization of molecules, resulting
in supramolecular architectures of nanometer to micrometer diamensions. Among different -
conjugated systems, phenylenevinylene, phenyleneethynylene and thiophene based oligomers are of
special interest due to their intrinsic electronic properties. When properly functionalized, these
molecules form self-assembled nanostructures leading to gelation of solvents through noncovalent
interactions. In recent years a few reports have appeared on electrically conducting organogels [1,2]. It
was demonstrated that organogels act as an excellent medium for the formation of nanofibers which
can be transformed into conducting or even metallic nanowires by doping and annealing procedures,
leading to electrically conducting soft materials. Recent studies from our group have revealed a
rational approach to the design of self-assembled nanostructures of linear -systems using various
supramolecular interactions such as H-bonding, -stacking and van der Waal‘s interactions [3-5]. In
continuation of these studies, we have been looking at the self-assembly and physical properties of
oligo(p-phenyleneethynylene)s (OPEs) and oligo(thienylenevinylene)s (OTVs) of different
conjugation lengths and end functional groups. OPE with three phenyl rings forms vesicular
assemblies, which upon coassembly with a chiral analogue result in the formation of helical tubes
[6,7]. On the other hand, OPE with seven phenyl groups gave spiral structures on mica surface. Thus,
it has been found that the gelation ability and morphology of the self-assembled structures significantly
vary with the conjugation length increase. In the case of OTVs, conducting gels are formed with
conductivity range of semiconducting to metallic upon doping with iodine. Details of these studies will
be presented.

OR OR OR
HO
n OH
RO RO RO

[1] J.Van Esch, S. De Feyter, R. M. Kellogg, F. De Schryver, B. L. Feringa, Chem. Eur. J., 3, 1238- 1243
(1997).
[2] J. Puigmartí-Luis, V. Laukhin, A. P. del Pino,. J. Vidal-Gancedo, C. Rovira, E. Laukhina, D. B. Amabilino,
Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 46, 238-241 (2006).
[3] A. Ajayaghosh, S. J. George, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 123, 5148- 5149 (2001).
[4] A. Ajayaghosh, V. K. Praveen, S. Srinivasan, R. Varghese, Adv. Mater, 19, 411-415 (2007).
[5] A. Ajayaghosh, V. K. Praveen, Acc. Chem. Res., 40, 644–656 (2007).
[6] A. Ajayaghosh, R. Varghese, V. K. Praveen, S. Mahesh, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 45, 3261-3264 (2006).
[7] A. Ajayaghosh, R. Varghese, S. Mahesh, V. K. Praveen, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 45, 7729-7732 (2006).
M-P-118

Physical properties of Sm1-xGdxNi4B compounds

NILAY KANTARCI1,ONUR NANE1, BEKIR OZCELIK1, SELCUK KERVAN2 and HASAN AGIL3
1
Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences and Letters, Cukurova University 01330, Adana, TURKEY
2
Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences and Letters, Nevşehir University, 50300,Nevşehir, TURKEY
3
Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, Ankara University, 06100, Beşevler, Ankara, TURKEY
ozcelik@cu.edu.tr

Physical properties of the Sm1-xGdxNi4B (0 ≤ x ≤ 1.0) compounds have been investigated by


means of the X-ray powder diffraction, AC susceptibility techniques. All the compounds studied
crystallize in CeCo4B type structure with P6/mmm space group. The substitution of Gd for Sm leads to
a decrease of the unit-cell parameters a and the unit-cell volume V, while the unit-cell parameter c
remains almost constant. Magnetic measurements present the visible magnetic phase transition, around
definite transition temperatures. The magnetic phase transition temperatures are found at the
temperature where the maximum of χac(T) occurs. We have obtained the transition temperatures for the
samples x= 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0 as 39, 37.77, 37.22, 36.75, 35.74 and 35.1 K, respectively.

This work was supported by the Research Fund of Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey, under
grant contracts no. FEF2008YL30.
M-P-119

Magnetic properties of the MnB boride by density functional theory

SELCUK KERVAN

Nevşehir University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Physics Department, 50300, Nevşehir, Turkey
selcuk.kervan@nevsehir.edu.tr

Electronic structure calculations were performed using the self-consistent full potential
linearized augmented plane wave (FPLAPW) method [1] within density functional teory (DFT) [2,3].
MnB belongs to orthorhombic lattice (a=5.56 Å, b=2.977 Å, c=4.145 Å) and the space group Pnma
[4]. Electronic structure calculations were performed using WIEN2k package [5]. Spin-polarized
calculations show that the MnB boride carries magnetic moment. The calculated magnetic moments of
2.0412 B and -0.0822 B for the Mn and B, respectively, agree well with experiment [6]. The B atom
is oppositely polarized in the MnB crystal.

8
7
6
5
4
3
DOS (States/eV)

2
1
0
-1
-2
-3
-4
-5
-6
-7

-10 -5 0 5 10

Energy (eV)

Fig. 2. Spin Polarized total density of states (DOS) of


Fig. 1. Crystal structure of MnB MnB boride
boride

[1] D. Singh, Planewaves, Pseodopotentials, and the LAPW Method (Kluwer, Boston, 1994).
[2] P. Hohenberg, W. Kohn, Phys. Rev. 136, B864, 1964.
[3] W. Kohn, L. Sham, ibid. 140, A1113, 1965.
[4] R. Hocart, M. Fallot, Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Seances de l'Academie des Sciences
(1884 - 1965).
[5] P. Blaha, K. Schwarz, G. K. H. Madsen, K. Kvasnicka, J. Luitz, WIEN2k, An Augmented Plane
Wave + Local Orbitals Program for Calculating Crystal Properties (Karlheinz Schwarz, Tech.
Universitat Wien, Austria), 2001. ISBN 3-9501031-2-2.
[6] M. C. Cadeville, A. J. P. Meyer, C. R. Acad. Sci., Paris, 255, 3391, 1962.
M-P-120

Effect of Co on microstructure and magnetic properties in Fe-Ni-Si-Co alloys

H. GUNGUNES1, E. YASAR2, K. GUVEN2 and E. GULER1


1
Department of Physics, Hitit Universty, Corum, TURKEY
2
Department of Physics, Kirikkale Universty, Kirikkale, TURKEY
hgungunes@gmail.com

The effect of Co addition on the microstructure and magnetic properties in Fe-Ni-Si-Co alloys
have been investigated by means of Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Mössbauer spectroscopy
and AC Magnetic susceptibility.
AC Magnetic Susceptibility measurements showed that paramagnetic to ferromagnetic phase
transitions were observed. SEM observations revealed that ferromagnetic phase morphology was
found to be closely dependent on the Co content. According to SEM results, amount of twinning
ferromagnetic phase increased with increasing amount of Co. The changes in volume fraction of
ferromagnetic and paramagnetic phases, the internal magnetic field of ferromagnetic phase and
isomery shift values have been determined by Mössbauer spectroscopy. The Mössbauer study revealed
that the ferromagnetic volume fraction and internal magnetic field of ferromagnetic phase were
increased with increasing of Co content.
M-P-121

The investigation of thermal and magnetic properties and microstructure analysis of Cu-Al-Mn
shape memory alloys

CANAN AKSU CANBAY, AYSE AYDOGDU and YILDIRIM AYDOGDU

Department of Physics, Faculty of Art&Science, University of Fırat, Elazığ, TURKEY


caksu@firat.edu.tr

In this study, the transformation temperatures and shape memory effect of Cu-Al-Mn shape
memory alloys were investigated by calorimetric measurements. In Cu-based alloys, the β-phase is the
equilibrium phase at high temperatures and it can be retained as a metastable phase at low temperature
by means of quench. Cu-Al-Mn alloys in the range of 10-15 wt. % of aluminum and 0-10 wt. % of
manganese; exhibiting β-phase at high temperatures, were prepared. The transformation temperatures
of these SMAs are highly sensitive to variations in aluminum and manganese content. The influence of
variation in aluminum and manganese on these properties has been studied by differential scanning
calorimetry. With in an increase in the aluminum and manganese concentrations of the alloy, the
martensite morphology is modified and the transformation temperatures decreased. The activation
energies of the alloys were calculated according to Ozawa and Kissinger method. Magnetic properties
of the alloys were studied and it was seen that the alloys show low magnetization. The microstructures
of the alloys were investigated by optical micrographs. They are in martensite structure and some
variants with different orientations can be observed from the micrographs.

This study was supported by TÜBİTAK (Project number: TÜBİTAK 106T583) and Scientific
Research Projects Unit of Fırat University (Project number: FÜBAP 1525)
M-P-122

XRD, AC susceptibility and DSC studies of NdMn2-2xNixGe2 compounds

AHMET KILIC1, SELCUK KERVAN2 and ALI GENCER3


1
Department of Physics, Science and Arts Faculty, Nigde University,51200-Kampus, Nigde, TURKEY
2
Department of Physics, Science and Arts Faculty, Nevsehir University, Nevsehir, TURKEY
3
Department of Physics, Science Faculty, Ankara University, 06100-Tandoğan, Ankara, TURKEY
ahmetkilic@nigde.edu.tr

X-ray powder diffraction, AC susceptibility and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)


studies were performed on the polycrystalline NdMn2-2xNixGe2 (0≤x≤1) compounds. Substitution of Ni
for Mn leads a linear decrease in the lattice constant c and the unit cell volume, while it gives rise a
change of magnetic properties from ferromagnetic to anti-ferromagnetic behavior for small values of
x<1. The samples with low Ni concentration are ferromagnetic and show an additional increase in the
susceptibility. The substitution of nonmagnetic Ni for Mn weakens strength of the molecular field
acting on Mn layers, yielding decrease of Curie temperature. The results lead to the construction of the
partial x-T magnetic phase diagram.
M-P-123

ESR OF the paramagnetic centers formed in 5,5 dimethyl-1,3-cyclohexanedione using gamma


and UV-rays, and investigation with simulation technique

E. ARAS and A. KILIC

Department of Physics, Nigde University, 51100, Nigde, TURKEY


earas@science.ankara.edu.tr

60
Free radicals consisting of same Co-γ irradiated and UV photolysis chemical compounds
were investigated by Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) technique. 5,5 Dimethyl-1,3-cyclohexanedione
60
(C8H12O3) irradiated by Co-γ was taken ESR spectrum between 115-450K. It was observed that the
paramagnetic centre which radiation formed for, 5Dimethyl-1,3cyclohexanedione (C8H12O3) had the
features of free radical . For the radical spectroscopic splitting factor was
calculated gav=2.001138. For the radical average values of hyperfine coupling constants
were found to be as aH =15.41 G and aCH2=8,2 G. The hyperfine interaction tensors of all radicals
having anisotropic features were obtained by a method of the least squares. These values compared
theoretically and experimentally and graphics were drawn. The direction cosines belonging to them
were calculated with the aid of a computer program. Besides the spectra observed experimentally were
tested through a simulation program. The spin densities of radicals were calculated by Mc Connell
equation. The obtained results in this work are consistent with the literature data of the radicals.
M-P-124

Investigation of polyoxometalates and crown ethers based supramolecular complexes by means


of FI-IR-EPR-spectroscopy methods

T. GUTUL1, N. DOGAN2, B.RAMEEV2,3 and A. DIMOGLO1


1
Institute of Applied Physics, Academy of Science of Moldova, Academiei 3, MD-2028, Chisinau, MOLDOVA
2
Department of Physics, Gebze Institute of Technology, 41400 Gebze- Kocaeli, TURKEY
3
Lab. of Radiation Physics, Kazan Physical-Technical Institute, 420029 Kazan, RUSSIA
dimoglo@gyte.edu.tr

One of the most active directions in the chemistry of polyoxometalates (POM) is the study of
supramolecular complexes, where POM is used as inorganic component, and those complexes, which
are based on POM and crown ethers, attract special attention. The recent studies show the prospects of
the organo-inorganic hybrid assemblies with POM and crown ethers as biologically active compounds.
In this work we synthesize for the first time a supramolecular complex based on the POM with
composition

Na10 [Cu3(Se2W9O33)2(H2O)3] 21 H2O (1)

and 18-crown-6 ether. This complex was structurally characterized by X-ray analysis, and its
formula was determined as

Na0.33(Na(C12O6H24))0.66[Na3(H2O)6Cu3(W9O33Se)2]·C12O6H24·8.75(H2O) (2)

IR-spectroscopic study of the obtained complex (2) has shown the presence of the absorption
bands, which are characteristic for both heteropolyanion [Cu3(SeW9O33)2]-10 (in the range of 400-4000
sm-1) and 18-crown-6 ether (the range of 1000-1600 sm-1). Comparative analysis of IR-spectra of the
source POM (1) and supramolecular complex (2) reveals that the absorption bands due to the valence
vibrations of nearly linear bridges as(W-O-W ) shift from 906 sm-1 and 890 sm-1 to 885 sm-1 that can
be explained by the interaction between heteropolyanion and crown ether.
Vibrating Sample Magnetometry (VSM) measurements of the powder samples have been
performed in the temperature range of 10-300 К. Temperature dependence of the magnetic
susceptibility reveals the anti-ferromagnetic and ferromagnetic character of the magnetic interactions
in the complex of three Cu2+ ions in the POM (1) and supramolecular complex (2), respectively.
Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) measurements of the powder samples of POM (1) and
supramolecular complex (2) have been carried out at room temperature. An appearance of additional
splittings in the EPR spectrum of the supramolecular complex (2) with regards to the POM (1) has
been observed. These splittings could be attributed to the influence of crown ether molecules
(interacting with heteropolyanion through the ions of Na) on the copper (II) ions in the waistband zone
of the complex.
M-P-125

Annealing effect on Au/SrTiO3/n-Si structures prepared by RF magnetron sputtering

I. TASCIOGLU and S. ALTINDAL

Physics Department, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Gazi University, Ankara, TURKEY
ilketascioglu@gazi.edu.tr

The metal-ferroelectric-semiconductor (MFS) structures were prepared by RF magnetron


sputtering method. The sample was annealed by RTA system in O2 ambient in order to show effect of
annealing on SrTiO3/n-Si thin films. The capacitance-voltage (C-V) and current-voltage (I-V)
characteristics were investigated both before and after annealed samples. The annealing with O2
improved the capacitance and current characteristics of the Au/SrTiO3/n-Si (MFS) structure.
Moreover, MFS structure using STO film treated by RTA shows shrinking in hysteresis curve. It
indicates annealing in O2 ambient could reduce the clockwise hysteresis loop obviously, which suggest
that the charge injection from the substrate is from the oxygen vacancies near interface and annealing
in O2 ambient will reduce the oxygen vacancies effectively [1-2].

[1] Dieter K. Schroder ―Semiconductor material and device characterization‖, pp 360-362, (1998).
[2] M. Okuyama, M. Noda, ―Ferroelectric Thin Films‖, Topics Appl. Phys. 98, 219-241 (2005).
M-P-126

The dielectric characteristics of Au/PVA/n-Si structure at various temperature

S.BENGI and M. M.BULBUL

Physics Department, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Gazi University, Ankara, TURKEY
bengiseda@gmail.com

In this study, the dielectric characteristics of Au/PVA/n-Si structure have been investigated
depending on applied bias voltage and temperature at 80-400 K. Experimental results show that the
dielectric constant (’), dielectric loss (’’), loss tangent (tan), ac electrical conductivity (ac) and the
electric modulus were found a strong function of temperature and applied bias voltage. The values of
the ’,’’ and ac decrease with increasing temperature due to interface states (Nss) and decrease in
capacitance and conductance with increasing temperature. On the other hand, electric modulus
increases with increasing temperature. The variation of conductivity as a function of temperature
reveals non-adiabatic hopping of charge carriers between impurities localized states.

[1] S.M. Sze, Physics of Semiconductor Devices, second ed., Willey, NewYork, (1981).
[2] E.H. Nicollian, J.R. Brews, MOS Physics and Technology, JohnWiley and Sons, New York,
(1982).
[3] C.P. Symth, Dielectric Behaviour and Structure, McGraw-Hill, NewYork, (1955).
[4] A. Tataroğlu, İ. Yücedağ, Ş. Altındal, Microelectronic Engineering, 85, 1518 (2008).
[5] K. Prabakar, S.K. Narayandass, D. Mangalaraj, Phys. Status Solidi, 199 (3), 507 (2003).
M-P-127

The investigation of hysteresis properties on metal-ferroelectric-semiconductor structures by


using capacitance-voltage (C-V) measurements

U. AYDEMIR and S. ALTINDAL

Physics Department, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Gazi University, Ankara, TURKEY
umutaydemir@gmail.com

In this study, perovski-type SrTiO3 (STO) thin films have been successfully prepared by using
RF magnetron sputtering method. Electrical measurements were carried out after metallization
procedure both side of sample with high purity Au. The capacitance-voltage (C-V) characteristics of
the Au/SrTiO3/n-Si structures were investigated as depending on frequency. The memory windows of
C-V hysteresis characteristics of the Au/SrTiO3/n-Si structure were obtained as a function of
frequency. These experimental hysteresis curves show that the STO film is polarization type switching
and exhibits a large clockwise C-V memory window roughly ~2 V at room temperature [1]. These
properties indicate that the thin film STO is suitable for the memory applications [2].

[1] Dawber, M., Rabe, K.M., Scott, J.F., ―Physics of thin-film ferroelectric oxides‖, Rev. of Mod.
Phys., 17:1083-1124 (2005).
[2] Guigues B., Guillan J., Defay E., ―SrTiO3/BaTiO3 multilayers thin films for integrated tunable
capacitors applications‖, Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 27 (13):3851-3854 (2007).
M-P-128

Structural and electrical characterization of Ni-Co Nanoferrites,


Fabricated by Co-precipitation route

KISHWAR KHAN and ASGHARI MAQSOOD

Thermal Transport Laboratory, School of Chemical and Material Engineering


(SCME), NUST, H-12, Islamabad, Pakistan.
tpl.qau@usa.net

Nano crystalline spinel ferrites are widely used in many electrical devices. These are prepared
because of their high electrical resistivity, chemical stability, mechanical hardness and reasonable cost.
The syntheses route plays a crucial role on the electrical and magnetic properties of these
ferrites. It is noted that samples of comparable crystallite size prepared by different process show
different electrical and magnetic properties. The widely syntheses technique including sonochemical
relation, sol-gel, chemical co-precipitation and mechanical milling are reported. In the present study
the samples with the chemical composition Ni1-xCoxFe2O4 (x= 0.0, x=0.1, x=0.2, x=0.3, x=0.4,
x=0.5) are fabricated by the chemical Co-precipitation method.
The samples are characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), SEM, FTIR, DC electrical
resistivity, Dielectric constant, Dielectric loss tangent and AC conductivity.
The crystallite size was found to be within the range of 9-21 nm. The activation energy and mobility
are determined from the DC electrical resistivity measurements.
M-P-129

The electronic and magnetic properties of half-metal type MnFexCo2-xSi


(with x=0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1) alloys

Z. NOURBAKHSH

Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, IRAN


z.nourbakhsh@phys.ui.ac.ir

The electronic and magnetic properties of MnFexCo2-xSi alloys have been calculated using
density functional theory by Wien2k package, and a ferromagnetic ground state structure has been
found for these compounds. I discuss the half-metallicity of the MnFe0.25Co1.75Si and MnFe1.75Co0.25Si
in the light of changes in the orbital hybridization as a result of Fe and Co doping in MnCo 2Si and
MnFe2Si respectively. The calculated magnetic moment of MnFexCo2-xSi alloys shows that the effect
of Si atom on magnetic properties of these compounds is negligible compared to Mn, Fe and Co
atoms. The variation of magnetic moment versus x has been investigated. By fitting the nonlinear
variation of the calculated magnetic moment versus concentration with quadratic functions, I have
calculated the magnetic moment bowing factor.
I have also investigated the effect of pressure on the magnetic moment at Mn, Fe, Co and Si
atoms. The results show that the magnetic moment decreases with pressure at Mn, Co and Si atoms
and increases at Fe atom.
M-P-130

Neutron diffraction and magnetization study of La0.7Ca0.3FeO3

NEERAJ KUMAR1, V.P.S. AWANA1, ANJANA DOGRA1, S. RAYAPROL2, S. D. KAUSHIK2,


V. SIRUGURI2 and H. KISHAN1
1
Superconductivity and Cryogenics Section, National Physical Laboratory, New Delhi – 110012, INDIA
2
UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, Mumbai Centre, BARC, Trombay, Mumbai – 400085, INDIA
anjanad@nplindia.org

Neutron diffraction (ND) study at room temperature was carried out on La0.7Ca0.3FeO3 (LCFO) using
Focusing Crystal Diffractometer (FCD) at Dhruva reactor, Trombay. Magnetization studies have
described LCFO as a canted-antiferromagnet, with ordering temperature of above 400K (see inset in
Fig.1). The canting of spins was evident from the field cooled (FC) magnetization increasing (FM-like)
and the zero-field cooled (ZFC) on the other hand decreasing (AFM-like) with decreasing temperature
(Fig.1). From the isothermal magnetization M(H) loops taken at 300 K in applied fields up to 40 kOe,
the coercive field (Hc) is around 3 kOe and the remanant moment (Mr) is 0.01B. Rietveld refinement
of the ND pattern for the crystalline and magnetic structures (Fig. 2) shows that LCFO crystallizes in
an orthorhombic unit cell (a = 5.50 Ǻ, b = 7.77 Ǻ and c = 5.50 Ǻ) with space group Pnma, and the
magnetic moment observed at room temperature is 2.23μB /Fe ion. Fe is seemingly between Fe3+(67%)
and Fe4+(33%) states with average valence of 3.3. The Rietveld analysis also shows that the moments
are slightly canted in the ab-plane in conformity with the magnetization data (Mr ~ 0.01B).

Figure 1. Magnetization M(H) at 300K and Figure 2. Room temperature neutron


M(T) (inset) from 5-400K plots for LCFO diffraction pattern for La0.7Ca0.3FeO3
refined using Rietveld method. The top
and bottom vertical tick marks indicate
nuclear and magnetic Bragg peaks,
respectively.

We have also studied the magnetization in a series of compounds


La0.7Ca0.3Fe1-xMnxO3. A decrease in magnetic moment at Fe site is observed with
Mn substitution. It was observed that canted antiferromagnetism gradually gives
way to a ferromagnetic ordering of Mn due to double exchange in LCMO.
M-P-131

ELECTRONIC STRUCTURE CALCULATIONS OF Fe3−xMnxSi HEUSLER ALLOY

J. KHALIFEH and B. HAMAD

Department of Physics, University of Jordan, Amman 11942, JORDAN


jkalifa@ju.edu.jo

Half-metallic Heusler alloys are known to be good candidates for potential applications in
spintronics due to their high Curie temperatures. One of the Mn-based half-metallic ferromagnetic
materials that could be stabilized on group IV semiconductor is Fe2MnSi due to the small mismatch of
1% between their lattice parameters, which is essential for highly efficient performance of spin
injection and detection from ferromagnets into semiconductors [1].
In this work present first principle calculations of the electronic and magnetic properties of
Fe3−xMnxSi alloys, where x = 0, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1.00, 1.25, 1.5, 1.75 and 2.25. The behavior of the
alloys is found to be metallic for Mn concentration of 0, 0.25 and 0.5 with spin polarizations of 24%,
39% and 93%, respectively. The behavior starts to be half metallic at x=0.75 with a small bandgap that
increases for higher concentrations. The bandgaps are direct except for Fe2MnSi and FeMn2Si alloys
that show indirect bandgaps along Γ–X symmetry line. We found that the total magnetic moment per
cell decreases, whereas the formation energy increases as a function of Mn concentration.

[1] K. Ueda, K. Hamaya, K. Yamamoto, Y. Ando, T. Sadoh, Y.Maeda, and M. Miyao, Appl. Phys.
Lett.93, 112108 (2008).
M-P-132

Synthesis and characterization of perovskite like La2/3Ag1/2MnO3 thin films produced on pyrex
glass by sol-gel dip coating method

ABDULLAH GOKTAS1, MAHARRAM Z. ZARBALIYEV1, 2 and IBRAHIM H.MUTLU1


1
Harran University, Science and Arts Faculty, Department of Physics, Sanlıurfa, TURKEY
2
Institute of Physics, Azerbaijan National Academy of Science, Baku, AZERBAIJAN
mzarbaliyev@gmail.com

In this study we present the La1-x Agx MnO3 (where x=0.33) thin film fabrication by sol-gel
technique. The fabricated thin films were coated on pyrex glass substrates by dip coating method. The
La1-x AgxMnO3 (LAMO) thin film samples were exposed to annealing in air atmosphere at different
temperatures for obtaining of optimal thin film crystal forming temperature. The XRD and SEM
measurements were used for investigation the thin film crystal forming and surface structures
micrograph investigations respectively. The XRD spectrums of LAMO thin film samples show that the
thin films occurred in the form of perovskite crystal structure and crystallites size were varied about
20~23 nm. SEM micrograph images showed that the grain size of films were varied about 50~90 nm.
The difference between the crystallite and the grain size estimating was investigated. The electrical
and magnetic properties of the thin films were also investigated.
M-P-133

Effect of external perturbation on the nature of ferromagnetic transition in narrowband


manganites

P. SARKAR1 and P. MANDAL2


1
Department of Physics, Serampore College, Serampore, INDIA
2
Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Calcutta, INDIA
Prabhat.mandal@saha.ac.in

Narrowband manganites R1-xAxMnO3 (R: rare earth ions, A: alkaline earth ions) exhibit a rich
variety of exotic phenomena due to the presence of several competitive interactions of comparable
strength. Recently, the effect of quenched disorder on the nature of magnetic phase transition becomes
important. Such disorders reduce the carrier mobility, formation energy for lattice polarons and thus
truncating the ferromagnetic (FM) phase. The disorder will be large in a system when the size
mismatch between R and A ion becomes large, such as in Sm1-xSrxMnO3. So it is interesting to study
the nature of the magnetic phase transition in Sm1-xSrxMnO3 system in the ambient condition as well as
in the presence of external perturbations. Among the external perturbations, magnetic field (H) and
pressure (P) are the fundamental thermodynamic variables which can be tuned continuously to study
the effect of perturbation on the nature of phase transition. We have explicitly shown that the nature of
FM to paramagnetic (PM) phase transition in Sm0.52Sr0.48MnO3 changes from first- to second-order or
crossover under the application of external P or H.
At ambient condition, FM to PM phase transition in Sm0.52Sr0.48MnO3 is first-order (TC =110 K)
with a magnetic entropy change of 1.45 J/mol-K. With the application of H, TC increases at the rate of
11.3 K/T, the signatures of first-order transition get weakened and eventually vanishes above a critical
point (Hcr = 4 T, Tcr = 160 K). Above the critical point the finite field FM transition becomes a
crossover. Similarly to H, pressure also increases the TC at the rate of 19 K/GPa, suppresses the first-
order character of the transition. Above a critical point (Pcr = 2.5 GPa, Tcr = 160 K), first-order FM
transition becomes second-order. We have also analyzed the critical behavior associated with the
second-order FM transition in the presence of an external P.
The change of the magnetic phase transition with the variation of different external parameters
can be explained on the basis of the formation of polarons – charge carriers accompanied by a
localized distortion of the surrounding crystal lattice. When these polarons form, self-trapping
becomes more evident and drives the material towards a first-order phase transition. The application of
external perturbation suppresses the formation of polaronic state and increases the bandwidth of the
system, and as a consequence first-order FM-PM transition becomes second-order or crossover in
nature.

[1] Y. Tokura, Rep. Prog. Phys. 69, 797 (2006).


[2] P. Sarkar et. al. Phys. Rev. B 78, 012415 (2008).
[3] K. Mydeen et. al. Appl. Phys. Lett. 92, 182510 (2008).
[4] P. Sarkar et. al. Phys. Rev. B 79, 144431 (2009).
[5] P. Sarkar et. al. Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 057205 (2009).
M-P-134

Magnetic and electronic properties of semimagnetic semiconductors

RACHID MASROUR

Solid State Physics Laboratory Faculty of Sciences Fez, MOROCCO


rachidmasroour@hotmail.com

The magnetic and the electronic of semimagnetic semiconductors A1-xMnxTe (A= Hg, Zn, Mg,…) are
studied. The magnetic phase diagrams have been determined by the replica method and the high
temperature series expansions in the framework of the different models using the variational principle.
A spin glass state has been obtained for x<xc (xc0.6). This phase is attributed to the randomness and
the frustration of the antiferromagnetic interactions between the Mn magnetic ions arising from the
topology of semimagnetic semiconductors A1-xMnxTe. The sp3 semi empirical nearest-neighbour tight-
binding formalism is used to compute the band structures of the above two systems in the hole range of
concentration 0x1. The variation of the gap energy Eg with x is plotted.
M-P-135

Superspin glass like memory effects in sol-gel derived La0.7Ca0.3MnO3 nanomanganite

S. KARMAKAR1, B.K. CHAUDHURI1,2, C.L. CHAN 2 and H.D. YANG 2


1
Department of Solid State Physics, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700032, INDIA
2
Department of Physics, Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804,
TAIWAN
shilpi.karmkar@gmail.com

Low temperature memory phenomena have been observed from static and dynamic magnetic
measurements on the La0.7Ca0.3MnO3 type nano-manganite system. The observed phenomenon were
screened for the possible existence of atomic spin glass (SG), super spin glass (SSG), cluster glass
(CG) and superparamagnetic (SPM) behavior in the La0.7Ca0.3MnO3 nanomanganite [1, 2]. The overall
results indicated the presence of superspin glass like behavior at low temperature (<40K) in this
manganite system consisting of ferromagnetic nanoparticles. Between 40K and ferromagnetic Curie
point Tc~238K, a ferromagnetic cluster glass state emerges with a weaker interparticle interaction than
the SSG phase. The dynamic susceptibility shows both chaos and memory effect [3]. An asymmetric
response with respect to temperature change protocol was observed. The origin and nature of the low-
temperature superspin glass state for the present system are discussed within the framework of
hierarchical organization of metastable states.

[1] J A Mydosh , Spin Glasses: An Experimental Introduction (Taylor Francis, London, 1993)
[2] Shilpi Karmakar, S. Taran, Esa Bose, B. K. Chaudhuri, C. P. Sun, C. L. Huang, and H. D. Yang,
Phys. Rev. B 77, 144409 (2008).
[3] Petra E. Jönsson, Superparamagnetism and Spin Glass Dynamics of Interacting Magnetic
Nanoparticle Systems (Advances in Chemical Physics: Ed. Stuart A. Rice), Vol 128; John Wiley &
Sons (2004).

Figure1. (a) FE-SEM image for LCMO nanoparticles showing homogeneous grains. Upper
inset shows the bright field TEM image of the present LCMO nanoparticles. Lower inset
shows the typical SAED pattern of LCMO nanocrystals. (b) Thermal dependence of DC
magnetization for the LCMO nanomanganite in zero field cooled warming and field cooled
warming procedure. The star symbol indicates the maximum of the broad peak at ~ 95K.
M-P-136

Direct measurements of magnetocaloric effect in Mn50Ni40In10 and Ni50Mn37Sn13 melt spun


ribbons
A.M.ALIEV , A.B.BATDALOV , L.N KHANOV1, V.V. KOLEDOV2, V.G. SHAVROV2,
1 1

B. HERNANDO3 and V.M. PRIDA 3


1
Institute of Physics, 367003, Makhachkala , RUSSIA
2
Kotelnikov' Institute of Radioengeenering and Electronics of RAS, 125009, Moscow, RUSSIA
3
Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Oviedo, Calvo Sotelo s/n, 33007 Oviedo, SPAIN
lowtemp@mail.ru
Recently nonstoichiometric Ni-Mn-In and Ni-Mn-Sh alloys attract much interest due to
intriguing combination of thermoelastic martensitic transition, accompanied by shape memory effect
(SME) and ferromagnetism. The films and ribbons of these alloys are of special interest, because
possible applications in magnetic cooling technology demand thin samples [1]. From this point of view
direct measurements of magnetocaloric effect (MCE) of the alloy are most valuable. The purpose of
the present report is to propose the new technique of direct measurements of MCE in small samples
and to study MCE in melt spun ribbons of the new Mn50Ni40In10 and Ni50Mn37Sn13 alloys.
The Heusler alloys Ni50Mn37Sn13 and Mn50Ni40In10 ware successfully produced as ribbon flakes
of thickness around 7–10 µ by melt spinning as described in [1]. Phase transition temperatures of the
martensite-austenite transformation for Ni50Mn37Sn13 were found to be MS=218 K, Mf =207 K,
AS=224 K, and Af =232 K; the thermal hysteresis of the transformation is 15 K. Ferromagnetic L21
bcc austenite phase shows a Curie point of 313 K, with cell parameter a=0.5971 nm at 298 K,
transforming into a modulated 7M orthorhombic martensite with a =0.6121 nm, b=0.6058 nm, and
c=0.5660 nm, at 150 K. The same temperatures for Mn50Ni40In10 are MS=213 K, Mf =173 K, AS=222
K, and Af =243 K; the thermal hysteresis of the transformation is 40 K.
The new technique of MCE study implies the measurements of temperature response of the
sample on a.c. magnetic field in quasi adiabatic conditions. The resulting curves are presented on Fig 1
and 2. Clear anomalies are seen due to Curie points and hysteretic loops due to magnetostructural
transition of the 1st order. We can point out that MCE near Curie point is stronger then at
magnetostructural transition. This result is in contradiction with the previously published data obtained
by indirect method [1].
0.009 Mn50Ni40In10 ribbon
Ni50Mn37Sn13 H=370 Oe
0,020
H = 500 Oe 0.006

0,015
0.003
T (K)
T (K)

0,010
0.000

0,005
-0.003

0,000
200 250 300 350
200 250 300 350 Temperature (K)
Temperature (K)
The work supported by RFBR Grants No 09-08-96533, 09-08-01177 and PD RAS Research Program.
[1] B. Hernando, J. L. Sánchez Llamazares, V. M. Prida, D. Baldomir, D. Serantes, M. Ilyn, and J.
González. Appl. Phys. Lett 94, 222502 (2009).
M-P-137

Synthesis of Zr-Co substituted M-type strontium hexaferrite nanomaterials for potential


application in high density recording media

MUHAMMAD NAEEM ASHIQ1 and MUHAMMAD JAVED IQBAL2


1
Department of Chemistry, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan-60800, PAKISTAN
2
Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-azam University, Islamabad-45320, PAKISTAN
naeemashiqqau@yahoo.com

Nano-sized strontium hexaferrites doped by Zr-Co with nominal composition (SrZrxCoxFe12-


2xO19) are synthesized by a co-precipitation method. The XRD data reveals that the synthesized
materials are single phase and crystallite size are found in the range of 30-42nm. These crystallite sizes
are small enough to obtain the suitable signal-to-noise ratio in the high density recording media. The
magnetic properties such as Ms, Mr and Hc are calculated from hysteresis loops. The saturation
magnetization and remanence increases while the coercivity decrease with the increase in Zr-Co
concentration, the increase in Ms and Mr in the substituted samples is due to replacement of Fe3+ from
the tetrahedral 4f1 site having spin of electrons in the downward direction. The increase in Ms and Mr,
while decrease in Hc reveals that the substituted samples are suitable for their applications in density
recording media.
M-P-138

Magnetic properties of Co1–xNixFe1.9Mn0.1O4 ferrite

P.A. SHAIKH1, R.C. KAMBALE1, A.V. RAO AND Y.D. KOLEKAR2


1
Composite Materials Laboratory, Department of Physics, Shivaji University, Kolhapur 416004 (MS), INDIA
2
Department of Physics, University of Pune, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007 (MS), INDIA
pervezshaikh0@gmail.com & ydkolekar@gmail.com

Nickel-substituted iron-deficient cobalt ferrite containing small quantity of manganese having


the chemical composition Co1-xNixFe1.9Mn0.1O4 with x=0.2, 0.4, 0.6 and 0.8, were prepared by the
standard double sintering ceramic technique. The thermal decomposition process of the powder (i.e.
grounded starting materials) was studied by thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA). The compositional
analysis was carried out by EDAX pattern. The infrared spectroscopy studies show the presence of
tetrahedral and octahedral group complexes within the spinel phase. Microstructural features were
studied by scanning electron microscopy, grain size found to be decreasing with increasing Ni content.
Room temperature hysteresis measurement was carried out under the field of 6 kOe for all samples
which reveal monotonic decrease of magnetization at 6 kOe (M6 kOe). The coercive field (Hc) decreases
up to concentration of Ni2+ (x=0.6) and a small increase was observed for x=0.8. Initial permeability
(μi) plotted against temperature at 10 kHz shown sharp drop at Curie temperature and values observed
at transition are found to be dependent on the nickel content.
M-P-139

Effect of Mn substitution on magnetic and dielectric properties of cobalt ferrite synthesized by


an autocombustion route

R.C. KAMBALE1, P.A. SHAIKH1, K.Y. RAJPURE1 and Y.D. KOLEKAR2


1
Composite Materials Laboratory, Department of Physics, Shivaji University, Kolhapur 416004 (MS), INDIA
2
Department of Physics, University of Pune, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007 (MS), INDIA
rckambale@gmail.com & ydkolekar@gmail.com

Ferrites are magnetic semiconducting oxide materials with Fe2O3 (iron oxide) as their main
component. In the present work, Co1.2-xMnxFe1.8O4 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.4) compositions were synthesized by the
autocombustion route by keeping the oxidizer to fuel ratio (e) at 1. Thermogravimetric analysis
(TGA) shows the stable phase formation takes place at a temperature above 600 ◦C. Structural
characterizations of all the samples was carried out by the x-ray diffraction technique (XRD). The
microstructural and compositional analysis was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and
energy dispersive x-ray analysis techniques respectively (EDXA). Room temperature magnetization
measurements showed that, for the substitution of Co by Mn, there is an initial increase in the
saturation magnetization (Ms) for lower concentrations (i.e. x = 0.1 and 0.2); and then the
magnetization decreases for higher concentrations (i.e. x = 0.3 and 0.4). Also, it is observed that the
coercivity (Hc) goes on decreasing with the substitution of Mn content, except for x = 0.3 which shows
a slight increase in coercivity as compared to x = 0.4. Room temperature dielectric properties, namely
relative dielectric permittivity (εr), dielectric loss (tan δ) and ac conductivity (ζac), for all the samples
were studied as a function of applied frequency in the range from 20 Hz to 1 MHz. These studies
indicate that the relative dielectric permittivity goes on increasing with the increase of Mn content in
Co ferrite and also all the samples show the usual dielectric dispersion which is due to the Maxwell–
Wagner-type interfacial polarization. The ac conductivity measurement suggests that the conduction is
due to small polaron hopping.
M-P-140

Magnetic phase transition in generalized inhomogeneous ‘cubic’ systems

B.R. GADJIEV

International University for Nature, Society and Man, 19 Universitetskaya Street, Dubna, 141980, RUSSIA
gadjiev@uni-dubna.ru

In this paper we investigate peculiarities of phase transition in inhomogeneous systems. We


consider a case when distribution of defects in structure induced small-world property and show that
due to this the distribution function of the order parameter defined by Fokker-Plank equation has forms
Tsallis distribution pk  . The equation of motion for the order parameter is
t
 x, t     y, t  F  x, t 
 dt p 0 t  t    dyp1 x  y    0 , where F  x, t  and  x, t  are a free energy and
0
t  
y  x, t 
a order parameter, accordingly. We obtain the nonlinear dispersion law and then present a
renormalization group analysis of phase transitions in generalized inhomogeneous ―cubic‖ systems.
The computation between Heisenberg, Ising and Cubic fixed points in such systems are analyzed. We
have determined the dependence of critical indices on the nonextensivity parameter of the system.
M-P-141

Size effect on magnetic stability of nanoparticles

SAHIN AKTAS

Marmara Universitesi, Göztepe Kampüsü, Fen-Edebiyat Fakultesi,. Fizik Bölümü, Kadıköy, Istanbul, TURKEY
saktas@marmara.edu.tr

Monte-Carlo method was used to investigate magnetic stability of nanoparticles. Heisenberg


magnetism was used to investigate three dimensional computational model of magnetism. Hysterisis
curves were obtained by computational simulations for various nanoparticles of dimensions ranging
from 5x5x5 atoms to 90x90x7 atoms to monitor magnetic stability of isolated, single nanoparticles.
Magnetic instability appears for samples smaller than 15x15x7 for intermediate and high temperatures
below Curie temperature. Samples larger than 30x30x7 showed smooth magnetization curves expected
from bulk samples. At low temperatures close to zero Kelvin, magnetization showed sharp transitions
for all sample sizes considered.
M-P-142

Magnetism in oxide nanoparticles: Size and oxygen vacancy effects

S.K. HASANAIN and ARIF MUMTAZ

Magnetic Nanostructures Group, Physic Department, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, PAKISTAN


*skhasanain@qau.edu.pk

Oxide nanoparticles present a wide range of properties that are affected both by the finite size
and the presence of oxygen vacancies in the system. These effects include the presence of exchange
bias, surface anisotropy, uncompensated moments in otherwise antiferromagnetic materials and the
development of a ferromagnetic moment in nonmagnetic oxide nanoparticles. Multiferroic behavior
can also be seen to be enhanced in some of the oxide ferroelectrics. These seemingly varied effects
possess common sources viz. the presence of oxygen vacancies primarily at the surfaces and the
enhanced strains due to the finite size and the surface. Oxygen vacancies lead not only to broken bonds
and disturbed symmetry in the neighborhood but affect the charge distribution on and around the
different atoms and to valence changes in the cations that may be multivalent as e.g. the 3-d transition
metals. Strains develop due to the deformed lattice near the particle surface leading on the one hand to
surface reconstruction and development of surface anisotropy on the one hand and to enhanced
magnetoelectric coupling in systems where lattice deformation is intimately connected to the
ferroelectric and magnetic behavior.
In this work we present the results of magnetic measurements on a variety of oxide
nanoparticles including CuO, YBCO, Co3O4 and BiFeO3 to illustrate some of the above described
effects. The particles were prepared by wet chemistry techniques such as sol-gel and precipitation
routes and the growth conditions e.g. annealing time, temperature and ambient were varied to obtain
particles of different sizes and different extents of oxygen vacancies. Magnetic measurements as a
function of field and temperature were complimented by optical spectroscopy to determine band gaps
and interband states while dielectric measurements were also performed in the case of BiFeO3 to study
the variation in the magnetoelectric effects with size. In the case of the YBCO nanoparticles (31-
45nm) we clearly see the presence of ferromagnetic component at room temperature and below and the
onset of superconducting behavior at lower temperatures (T<87K). The ferromagnetic component
increases with decreasing particle size suggesting the surface origin of the behavior. In the otherwise
antiferromagnetic CuO and Co3O4 particles finite size effects on the transition temperature and the
optical band gaps are reported. We also find a ferromagnetic component in the CuO particles annealed
in a reducing atmosphere indicating the role of oxygen vacancies in the observed behavior. The Co 3O4
particles show a larger susceptibility below the Neel temperature with decreasing size indicative of
larger uncompensated moments with decreasing size. Single phase BiFeO3 particles in the size range
11-29 nm were studied and the effects of both oxygen vacancies and strains were investigated in this
multiferroic system. It was observed that the particles contained a weak ferromagnetic component at
room temperature increasing with decreasing particle size. Careful studies show that the ferromagnetic
part does not relate to oxygen vacancies but to the presence of lattice strains as determined by fit of the
XRD data to a Williamson-Hall type of analysis. There is clear evidence of a magneto-electric
coupling in these particles determined from the measurement of dielectric constants with temperature
where the imaginary part shows a clear anomaly at and around the magnetic transition temperature.
(TN~560K).
M-P-143

Magnetic properties of Mn0.4Ni0.6Fe2O4 nanoparticles synthesized by PEG assisted hydrothermal


method

M. BAY1, Y. KOSEOGLU1, M. TAN1, A. BAYKAL2, R. TOPKAYA3 and N. AKDOGAN3


1
Department of Physics, Fatih University, Buyukçekmece, 34500 Istanbul, TURKEY
2
Department of Chemistry, Fatih University, Buyukçekmece, 34500 Istanbul, TURKEY
3
Department of Physics, Gebze Institute of Technology, Cayirova, Izmit, TURKEY
mhmtby@hotmail.com

Mn0.4Ni0.6Fe2O4 nanoparticles were successfully synthesized by a polyethylene glycol (PEG)-


assisted hydrothermal route. XRD, FT-IR and VSM were used for the structural, morphological, and
magnetic investigation of the product, respectively. Average particle size of the nanoparticles was
estimated using the line profile fitting and found as 9 nm. Magnetization measurements have shown
that the particles have a blocking temperature at around the room temperature. While the nanoparticles
indicate a superparamagnetic behavior above the blocking temperature and ferromagnetic behavior at
temperatures lower than the blocking temperature. Magnetization and the coercive field of the sample
increase by decreasing the temperature.
M-P-144

Magnetic properties of Mn0.6Ni0.4Fe2O4 nanoparticles synthesized by PEG assisted hydrothermal


method

M. TAN1, Y. KOSEOGLU1, M. BAY1, A. BAYKAL2, R. TOPKAYA3 and N. AKDOGAN3


1
Department of Physics, Fatih University, Buyukçekmece, 34500 Istanbul, TURKEY
2
Department of Chemistry, Fatih University, Buyukçekmece, 34500 Istanbul, TURKEY
3
Department of Physics, Gebze Institute of Technology, Cayirova, Izmit, TURKEY
mtan@st.fatih.edu.tr

We present a systematic investigation on the structural and magnetic properties of


Mn0.6Ni0.4Fe2O4 nanoparticles synthesized by a polyethylene glycol (PEG)-assisted hydrothermal
route. XRD, FT-IR and VSM were used for the structural, morphological, and magnetic investigation
of the products, respectively. Average particle size of the nanoparticles was estimated using the line
profile fitting as 14 nm. Magnetization measurements have shown that the particles are ferromagnetic
at room temperature. Magnetization and the coercive field of the sample increase by decreasing the
temperature.
M-P-145

The effective-field theory of the mixed Spin-1 and Spin-3/2 Ising Ferrimagnetic System on
a bilayer honeycomb lattice

B. DEVIREN1, 2, S. AKBUDAK1, 3 and M. KESKIN4


1
Institute of Science, Erciyes University, 38039, Kayseri, TURKEY
2
Department of Physics, Nevsehir University, 50300, Nevsehir, TURKEY
3
Department of Physics, Adıyaman University, 02040, Adıyaman, TURKEY
4
Department of Physics, Erciyes University, 38039, Kayseri, TURKEY
sakbudak@adiyaman.edu.tr

A system consisting of two layers of honeycomb lattices each with one of the layer having only
spin-1 atoms and the other having only spin-3/2 atoms is laid over the top of the other and the two
layers are tied together via an interaction between the vertically aligned spins. We consider that the
nearest-neighbor spins of each layer are coupled ferromagnetically and the interaction between the
vertically aligned spins adjacent spins are coupled either ferromagnetically or antiferromagnetically
depending on the sign of the bilinear exchange interactions. The ground-state phase diagram of the
model is obtained in the longitudinal magnetic field (h) and a single-ion potential or crystal-field
interaction () plane. We apply the effective-field theory with correlations to investigate the thermal
variations of the sublattice and total magnetizations and present the phase diagrams in the (,/kBT|J3|)
plane. We have also examined the impact of the interaction parameters of the system, the phase
diagrams in the (J3/J1, kBT/J1), (J1/|J3|, kBT|J3|) and (J2/|J3|, kBT|J3|) planes are showed. The phase
diagrams contain the paramagnetic (P), ferrimagnetic (1, 3/2), (1, 1/2) and (0, 1/2) phases. Moreover,
the system undergoes second- and first-order phase transition; hence, the system gives a tricritical
point.

The part of this work was supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of
Turkey (TÜBİTAK) Grant No: 107T533 and Erciyes University Research Funds, Grant No: FBA-06-
01 and FBD-08-593. One of us (B.D.) would like to express his gratitude to the TÜBİTAK for the
Ph.D scholarship.
M-P-146

Study of TCR/MR responses of La0.7Ca0.2Ba0.1MnO3+Ag and La0.7Ca0.2Sr0.1MnO3+Ag


compounds: A promising candidate for infrared/magnetic sensing devices

RAHUL TRIPATHI 1,2, V.P.S. AWANA1, H. KISHAN1 and G.L. BHALLA2


1
National Physical Laboratory (CSIR), K. S. Krishnan Marg, New Delhi-110012, INDIA
2
Department of Physics and Astrophysics, University of Delhi, Delhi-1100007, INDIA
tripathir@mail.nplindia.org

In this paper we report an enhanced temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) and high
magneto-resistance (MR) close to room temperature in La0.7Ca0.2Ba0.1MnO3+Agx and
La0.7Ca0.2Sr0.1MnO3+Agx (0  x  0.4) doped manganites. In manganites, both high TCR/MR occur at
metal-insulator transition temperature. In case of La0.7Ca0.2Ba0.1MnO3 + Agx, TCR values remains
almost unchanged (~11%/K) for all silver content at 284K which is greater than the pristine
samples(3%/K).Improved magneto-resistance (19% at 1 Tesla) is observed for silver doped
composition at relatively low magnetic field near room temperature. On the other hand, for
La0.70Ca0.20Sr00.10MnO3+Agx, the maximum TCR(9%/K) and MR(35% at 1 Tesla) are tuned to room
temperature (300 K). The observed enhancement of TCR/MR for silver doped compound is attributed
to the opening of new conducting channels and the disappearance of the barrier formed by the
disorder/strain at the grain boundaries. The enhanced TCR and MR at / near room temperature open up
the possibility of the use of such materials as infrared bolometric and magnetic field sensors
respectively [1-3].

0
12 LCBMO
LCBMOAg02
LCBMOAg04
10
LCSMO
LCSMOAg02
8 LCSMOAg04 -10
TCR%/K

6
350K
MR%

4 300K
-20
200K
2
100K
0
-30
-2 La0.7Ca0.2Sr0.1MnO3+ Ag0.4

250 260 270 280 290 300 310 320 330 -10000 -5000 0 5000 10000

T(K)
H(Oe)

[1] V. P. S. Awana, Rahul Tripathi, S. Balamurugan, H. Kishan and E. Takayama-Muromachi, Sol.


Stat. Commu. , 140, 410(2006).
[2] Rahul Tripathi, V. P. S. Awana, S.K. Aggrawal, Neeraj Panwar, G.L. Bhalla, H.U. Habermier and
H. Kishan, J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys 42, 175002 (2009).
[3] M.Rajewari et.al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 69, 851 (1996).
M-P-147

New methods for creation of large-dimension electrical composite materials

S. USHERENKO 1, V. MALAMUD 1, N. KLEORIN 2 and V.VAISER 2


1
Ilan Ramon Youth Physics Center in the Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, ISRAEL
1
usherenko@gmail.com
2
Ben Gurion University in Negev, Beer Sheva, ISRAEL
2
vvaiser@gmail.com

Known methods of fiber composite materials creation are ineffective if the large solid body is
used as a matrix. Unfortunately, traditional powder metallurgy limits possibility of using known
advantages of the reinforcing elements with a nano and amorphous structure
The new method of sewing large solid bodies via fibers can be based on a relatively little
known physical phenomenon - Super Deep Penetration. In nature this phenomenon is observed only in
outer space. Thus needles for piercing process are cosmic dust clots, and filaments form at interaction
(synthesis) of injected dust particles and a matrix material (barrier). As a dust particles material it is
possible to use the ceramic materials developed for high-temperature superconductivity. In these
conditions synthesis process is little-studied, that allows new and unusual materials to synthesize.
Numerous models of a Super Deep Penetration explain the penetration of micro particles into a
solid body to the depths of tens and hundreds of millimeters due to a well-known effect of reduction in
energy expenditure by the particle . However, as has been shown in various experiments, Super Deep
Penetration is accompanied by various types of energy intensive production. Dust particles penetrate
into a solid bo -20GPa), thus creating fiber elements from the
synthesized and highly defective material. The density of such elements of structure in a cross-section
attains ten and thousand particles per square mm. Passing through the barrier, the particle acquires a
charge, and the material in the channel created by the passing particle is transferred into a dense
plasma state. Excess of electrons is absorbed by a solid matrix. The strong electromagnetic fields,
plasma micro jets and streams of high-energy particles (ions) are registered. Such method allows to
speed up and guide the streams of charged particles with higher efficiency than in known accelerators.
8
Together, these streams of "galactic ions‖ (energy of an ion electron volt), high pressures
and intensive deformation explain a carcass material amorphisation. In a stable austenic steel for a split
second it is possible to generate a magnetic matter for reinforcement of the material.
M-P-148

Novel and original features on the model multiferroic BiFeO3 under strain effects

B. DKHIL

UMR 8580 Ecole Centrale Paris – CNRS, Grande voie des vignes, 92290 Chatenay-Malabry, FRANCE
Brahim.dkhil@ecp.fr

Despite the tremendous effort devoted to the study of the model BiFeO3 (BFO) multiferroic
system, a number of important questions, especially when BFO is deposited as a thin film, still remains
unresolved. After highlighting the complexity of the still debated and unclear phase diagram of BFO,
this talk will focus on our recent results obtained on BFO thin films by combining several advanced
experimental and theoretical approaches [1-6]. Under strong tensile strains, the structure finds an
unusual strain-accommodation mechanism with a rotation of the in-planunit cell axis by 45° with
respect to the substrate ones, while under strong compressive strains, unexpected monoclinic phases
are obtained despite giant-tetragonality. Interestingly, our data demonstrate the key role played by the
oxygen octahedra tilts, which are usually neglected, while this structural degree of freedom is very
common to perovskite structure. Under strain, both the polar displacements and the -usually neglected-
oxygen octahedra tilts compete and we found that tilts fight against the polarization. This original
finding allows to explain the weak enhancement of the polarization reported in the literature and brings
a comprehensive view which should be taken into account in a larger manner in multiferroics.

[1] H. Béa, B. Dupé, S. Fusil, R. Mattana, E. Jacquet, B. Warot-Fonrose, F. Wilhelm, A.Rogalev, S.


Petit, V. Cros, A. Anane, F. Petroff, K. Bouzehouane, G. Geneste, B. Dkhil, S. Lisenkov, I.
Ponomareva, L. Bellaiche, M. Bibes, A. Barthelemy, Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 217603 (2009).
[2] B. Dupé, I. Canero-Infante, G. Geneste, P.-E. Janolin, M. Bibes, A. Barthélémy, S. Lisenkov, L.
Bellaiche, S. Ravy, B. Dkhil, submitted Phys. Rev. Lett.
[3] I.N. Leontyev, Yu.I. Yuzyuk, P.-E. Janolin, M. El-Marssi, D. Chernyshov, V. Dmitriev, Yu.I.
Golovko, V.M. Mukhortov, B. Dkhil, submitted Phys. Rev. B
[4] H. Toupet, F. Le Marrec, C. Lichtensteiger, B. Dkhil, M.G. Karkut, submitted to Phys. Rev. B
[5] I.C. Infante, S. Lisenkov, B. Dupé, M. Bibes, S. Fusil, E. Jacquet, G. Geneste, S. Petit, B. Dkhil, L.
Bellaiche, A. Barthélémy, submitted
[6] I. A. Kornev, S. Lisenkov, R. Haumont, B. Dkhil, L. Bellaiche, Phys. Rev. Lett. 99, 227602 (2007).
M-P-149

Effects of Mo, W, Nb Additions and heat treatments on thermal and magnetic properties of Fe-
Co-B based bulk metallic glass alloys produced by centrifugal casting

I. KUCUK1, M. AYKOL2, M. YILDIRIM2, M. V. AKDENIZ2 and A. O. MEKHRABOV2


1
Physics Department, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Uludag University, Gorukle Campus, 16059 Bursa, TURKEY
2
Novel Alloys Design and Development Laboratory (NOVALAB), Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering,
Middle East Technical University, 06531 Ankara, TURKEY
ikucuk@uludag.edu.tr

In this study, the effects of Mo, W, Nb additions and heat treatments on the thermal and
magnetic properties of Fe-Co-B based bulk metallic glass (BMG) alloys produced by centrifugal
casting have been investigated. The crystallization temperature (Tx) and glass transition temperature
(Tg) of the BMG alloys were determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The
Fe36Co36B19.2Si4.8Nb4 alloy produced by centrifugal casting goes through a distinct Tg and Tx at 817 K
and 856 K respectively. The Tx with the substitution of Mo0.5W0.5 for Nb is about 799 K. However we
have no observable a distinct Tg in Fe36Co36B19.2Si4.8Mo2W2 alloy. Magnetic measurements were
carried out with a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) with maximum magnetic field strength of
1750 kA/m. The hysteresis loops for the as-cast and annealed Fe36Co36B19.2Si4.8X4 alloys are shown in
Fig. 1. Saturation magnetization in a magnetic field strength of 1300 kA/m is in the range 1.02 -1.28 T.
The results show that the BMG alloys produced centrifugal casting have a good thermal and magnetic
properties.

1,50
X = Mo0.5W0.5
J (T)

1,00
X = Nb
0,50

0,00 annealed at 573 K


annealed at 973 K
-0,50
annealed at 1073 K
-1,00
Fe36Co36B19.2Si4.8X4
-1,50
-1300 -800 -300 200 700 1200
H (kA/m)
Fig. 1. Hysteresis loops of as-cast and annealed Fe36Co36B19.2Si4.8X4 alloys.
M-P-150

Ferromagnetism in carbon doped zinc oxide systems

B.J. NAGARE 1, S. CHACKO 2 and D.G. KANHERE 2


1
Department of Physics, University of Mumbai, Santacruz (East), Mumbai-400 098, INDIA
2
Department of Physics and Center for Modeling and Simulation, University of Pune, Ganeshkhind, Pune - 411 007, INDIA
bjnagare@gmail.com

We report spin polarized density functional calculations of ferromagnetic properties of a series


of ZnO clusters and ZnO solid containing one or two substitutional carbon impurities. We analyze the
eigen value spectra, spin densities and molecular orbitals, and induced magnetic moments for ZnC,
Zn2C, Zn2OC, carbon substituted clusters ZnnOn (n=3–10, 12) and the solid. The results show that the
doping induces magnetic moment of the 2 μB in all the cases. All the systems with two carbon
impurities show ferromagnetic interaction except when the carbon atoms share the same Zn atom as
the nearest neighbor. This ferromagnetic interaction is predominantly mediated via  bonds in ring
structures and through  and  bonds in three dimensional structures. The calculations also show that
the interaction is significantly enhanced in solid, bringing out the role of dimensionality of Zn-O
network connecting two carbon atoms.
M-P-151

Magneto-optical investigations of magnetism in diluted magnetic oxides TiO2-:Co

E. GAN‘SHINA 1, A. GRANOVSKY 1, A. ORLOV 2, L. BALAGUROV2, I. KULEMANOV2,


N.S. PEROV 1, A. SMEKHOVA3, A.ROGALEV3 and J.C.CEZAR3
1
Faculty of Physics, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, RUSSIA
2
State Research Institute for the Rare-Metal Industry, Moscow 119017, RUSSIA
3
European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Grenoble 38043, FRANCE
eagan@mail.ru
The search for ferromagnetism above room temperature in diluted magnetic semiconductors
and magnetic oxide semiconductors has been intense in recent years [1]. The discovery of high Curie
temperature TC (>800K) in the anatase and rutile phases of the Co-doped TiO2- and in the TiO2-
without introduction of magnetic ions has attracted much interest to these magnetic oxides [2]. In spite
of intense research activity in this field the main mechanisms of magnetic, magneto-transport and
magneto-optical properties of the Co-doped TiO2- magnetic oxides are far from being well understood
and the origin of the ferromagnetic order in such materials is still under debate. We report an
experimental study of transversal Kerr effect (TKE) in magnetic oxide semiconductors TiO2-:Co. The
TiO2-:Co thin films were deposited on LaAlO3 (001) substrates by rf magnetron sputtering in the
argon–oxygen atmosphere at the oxygen partial pressure of 2.10-6-2.10-4 Torr. It was obtained that
TKE spectra of ferromagnetic samples are extremely sensitive to the Co volume fraction, the
crystalline structure and technology parameters. The well-pronounced peaks observed in the TKE
spectra for the anatase Co-doped TiO2- films at the low Co volume fraction (<1%) are not represented
for bulk Co or Co clusters in TiO2- matrix that indicates the presence of intrinsic ferromagnetism in
these samples. With increasing of the Co volume fraction up to 5-8% the fine structure of the TKE
spectra disappears and the magneto-optical response in reflection mode becomes larger in comparison
with thick Co films. Moreover, the TKE increases further in the case of the films prepared on SrTiO 3
substrates.
We did not observe the TKE signal for the rutil film with small concentrations of x<1.5%. But
we revealed an intrinsic ferromagnetism in the semi insulating rutil Ti0.92 Co0.8: O2-δ film created by an
oxygen vacancies injection.Moreover, we apply an element-selective and valence state sensitive
techniques such as X-Ray absorption spectroscopy (XANES) and X-Ray magnetic circular dichroism
(XMCD) to clarify the microscopic picture of the Co ionic state. We observed non-metallic states of
doped Co atoms and a sizeable 3d magnetization of cobalt at the Co L2,3 absorption edges. The
element-selective magnetization curve recorded by the XMCD at the Co L3 absorption edge exhibits a
ferromagnetic behaviour at room temperature. Bulk sensitive XANES spectra at the Ti K edge show
the well pronounced rutile structure commonly observed in TiO2 matrix. Spectra at the Co K edge
confirm the ionic (non-metallic) state of Co atoms.
Possible mechanisms of ferromagnetic order at room temperature in magnetic oxides based on
the TiO2- and perspectives of applications of these novel materials in spintronics and
magnetophotonics are disscussed.
This work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research.
[1] T. Dietl, H. Ohno, F. Matsukura, J. Jibert and D. Ferrand, Science, 287, 1019 (2000).
[2] Soak Dae Yoon, Yajie Chen, Aria Yang, T.L. Goodrich, et al, J. Magn.Magn.Mater. 309
171(2007).
M-P-152

Multi-frequency nuclear quadrupole resonance

G.V. MOZZHUKHIN 1,2, N. DOGAN 2, B.Z. RAMEEV 2,3, V.L. ERMAKOV 1 and
V.L. MATUKHIN 1
1
Department of Physics, Kazan Power State University, Kazan, RUSSIA
2
Gebze Institute of Technology, 41400 Gebze-Kocaeli, TURKEY
3
Kazan Physical-Technical Institute, 420029 Kazan, RUSSIAN FEDERATION
mgeorge@yandex.ru

The multifrequency magnetic resonance has wide applications in the studies of the structure,
properties and interactions of matter, e.g. in the NMR studies of rare nuclei. Multifrequency methods
have been also developed for the nuclear resonance technique in the zero magnetic field that is nuclear
quadrupole resonance (NQR). For instance, two-frequency nuclear quadrupole resonance has been
applied to resolve the complex NQR spectra, for instance in the case of the nuclear quadrupolar
systems with non-equidistant energy levels (nuclear spins I=1, 2, 3, 5/2, 7/2, 9/2). In recent years, a
considerable renewal of interest to the methods of two- and three- frequency nuclear quadrupolar
resonance is observed [1-4], which has been driven mainly by an intention to increase further the
sensitivity of NQR detection of 14N nitrogen nuclei with low resonance frequencies. Besides it has
been proposed to use the multifrequency NQR in quantum computations [5].
In this work for the first time we applied multifrequency NQR to study quadrupole nuclei with
high nuclear spin value. Tecmag Apollo console has been used to obtain NQR spectra. The
multifrequency head-probe has been developed and used in the NQR investigation of various nuclei,
e.g. Sb123,121 in SbCl3 and Bi209 in BiCl3. The three and four frequency excitation and detection of
NQR in non-equidistant system of energy levels for spins of 5/2, 7/2, 9/2 were investigated. NQR
parameters of the neighbour transitions, irradiated by the multifrequency pulses, were measured. The
effects due to polarization transfer in different excitation scheme were studied as well. The
applications of these methods were proposed in the quantum computing and for generation of the
radiation in multilevel system.
Authors acknowledge the support under NATO SfP programme, grant No. 982836. This work
was also partially supported by the grant No. 00062.STZ.2007-1 of Ministry of Industry and Trade of
Turkey.

[1] K.L.Sauer, B.H.Suits, A.N.Garroway and J.B.Miller: Secondary echo in three –frequency nuclear
quadrupole resonance of spin -1 nuclei. J. Chem. Phys. 118, 5071-5081 (2003).
[2] G.V.Mozjoukhine: The two-frequency Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance for explosives detection.
Appl. Magn. Reson. 18, 527-535 (2000).
[3] D.Ya. Osokin, R.R. Khusnutdinov, V. A. Shagalov. Two-Frequency Multiple-Pulse Sequences in
Nitrogen-14 NQR. Appl. Magn. Reson. 25, 513-521 (2004).
[4] K.R. Thurber, K.L. Sauer, M.L. Buess, C.A. Klug, J.B. Miller. Increasing 14N NQR signal by 1H-
14N level crossing with small magnetic fields. J. Magn. Reson. 177, 118-28 (2005).
[5] A.R.Kessel, V.L.Ermakov. Multiqubit Spin: Multilevels instead multiparticles. JETP 90, 452
(2000) [transl. from Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz. 117, 517 (2000)].
M-P-153

Magnetic properties of Fe/Fe3O4 bilayers

A. GOIKHMAN 1,2, G. KUPRIYANOVA 2 and A. ZENKEVICH 1


1
Moscow Engineering Physics Institute (State University), Moscow, RUSSIA
2
Immanuel Kant Russian State University, Kaliningrad, RUSSIA
AYGoikhman@gmail.com

Magnetite (Fe3O4) is the most abundant ferromagnetic half-metal with a Curie temperature
Tc~860 K, high spin polarization value and is thus a promising material in spintronics applications.
However, its saturation magnetization (Ms) is low (200 emu/cc) and the hysteresis loop is far from
square due to the high density of antiphase boundaries in thin film Fe3O4. We report on the effect of Fe
underlayer on the magnetic properties of Fe3O4 thin film as revealed with ferromagnetic resonance
(FMR). Both epitaxial and polycrystalline single Fe3O4 layers as well as Fe/Fe3O4 and Fe3O4/Fe
bilayers were analyzed by FMR. The effect of iron oxide composition, post deposition annealing
temperature (T= 20’500 oC) and the thickness of Fe buffer layer (2’20nm) on the magnetic properties
are investigated. The results are explained in terms of formation integral magnetic state in Fe/Fe3O4
stuck inducted by Fe3O4 crystallization during vacuum annealing, as shown by Raman scattering. The
optimization of Fe/Fe3O4 growth parameters results in the square hysteresis loop and Ms up to 1000
emu/cc. By our polycrystalline Fe/Fe3O4 stuck we observed same effect of enhancing magnetic
properties, as epitaxial films, shown in [1].

[1] С. Magen, E. Snoeck, U.Luders, J. F. Bobo, J. of Appl. Phys. 104, 013913 (2008).
M-P-154

High temperature DC-magnetization investigation on pure and 5 at% Cobalt incorporated TiO2
nanopowders

SUDESH SHARMA, SUJEET CHAUDHARY and SUBHASH C. KASHYAP

Thin Film Laboratory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, INDIA
sudesh00781@yahoomail.com

Transition metal substituted semiconducting oxide materials possessing ferromagnetic ordering


at room temperature (RTFM) have attracted significant attention worldwide owing to their proposed
use in developing spintronic devices. These devices have new functionalities such as magnetic
field/optical control of the electrical transport properties such as current amplification. In past few
years, materials systems based on TiO2, ZnO, SnO2, etc. [1-3], have been extensively investigated in
achieving this sole objective. The broad outcome of the research hence far in this area reveal that
saturation magnetization (Ms) of the order of the desired 10-100 emu/gm is yet to be achieved in these
transparent ferromagnetic semiconducting oxide materials. The literature survey of the available
numerous reports clearly suggests that not only the highest achieved Ms-values lie below 0.1 emu/gm,
but the origin of the observed ferromagnetic behavior in these oxides is also suspected to be due to
formation of ferromagnetic clusters. On the basis of experimental evidences, the debate continues to
ascertain if the observed RTFM in these oxides is due to defects or it arises due to formation of
magnetic-clusters. In the present work, we have investigated the high temperature magnetization
behavior of air annealed and vacuum annealed nanocrystalline pure and 5 at% Cobalt incorporated
TiO2 powder samples. The samples have been chemically synthesized using Titanyl acetyl acetonate
and Cobaltous acetate precursors. Particularly, the pristine air annealed TiO2 samples revealed fully
ferromagnetic behavior in the investigated range of 300-700K. (see Fig. (a)). When annealed in
vacuum, while the pure FM behavior was still observed, the saturation moment (~0.01 emu/gm)
increased slightly. In contrast to this, 5at% incorporation of Co in TiO2 exhibited additional and
dominating paramagnetic contribution together with ferromagnetic behavior. This was found to exist
up to the highest measurement temperature of 700K even for vacuum annealed 5at% TiO2 sample (see
Fig.(b)). The detailed analysis of the observed magnetization behavior and the X-ray diffraction
studies will be presented during the conference.
8
10 (a) 6 (b)

4 5at.% Co:TiO2
M (x10 emu/gm)
M (x10 emu/gm)

Pristine TiO2
5
2
0 0
300K
-3

-2

-2 400K
-5 300 K
-4 500K
450 K
700 K -6 600K
-10 700K
-8
-10 -5 0 5 10 -12 -8 -4 0 4 8 12
H (kOe) H (kOe)

[1] S. Sharma, et al, J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 43, 015007 (2010).


[2] K. P. Bhatti, et al, J. Appl. Phys. 102, 113513 (2007), ibid 101,103919 (2007).
[3] K. Gopinadhan, et al, J. Appl. Phys. 102, 113513(2007).
M-P-155

Investigations of radar absorbing activity of barium hexaferrite reinforced polymer composite


coatings

HUSNUGUL YILMAZ ATAY1,2 and ERDAL CELIK1,2


1
Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, TURKEY
2
Center for Fabrication and Applications Electronic Materials (EMUM), Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, TURKEY
hgulyilmaz@gmail.com

Due to their permanent magnetic, microwave absorbing and media recording properties, barium
hexaferrite powders can be used as a radar absorbing material. Mn, Cu or Co and Sr, Ni doped and
undoped barium ferrite powders were used in nanosize in this study as nanotechnology can overcome
the limitations of size and better efficiency can be improved. Synthesized Mn and Cu or Co doped
BaFe12-x(Mn0.5Cu0.5X)x/2O19) and BaFe12-x(Mn0.5Co0.5X)x/2O19) (X=Sr, Ni) were added to the polymer
matrix (polyurethane dye) with different loading level to see the concentration dependence of
nanoparticles‘ radar absorbing effect. Then glass substrates were coated with those polymer
composites. Phase analysis of nanopowders was undertaken by XRD. Obtained coated samples were
characterized by FTIR, SEM-EDS, AFM and scracth tests. The vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM)
is used to measure the radar absorbing activity of the materials as main objective of this study.
M-P-156

Surfactant-assisted milling of Gd-Ge-Si flake-like nanoparticles for


composite magnetocaloric elements

J. BUH1, P.J. MCGUINESS1, K. ZUZEK-ROZMAN1, E. J. DEVLIN2 and S. KOBE1


1
Department for Nanostructured Materials, Jozef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, SLOVENIA
2
Department of Materials Science, NCSR Demokritos, Athens, GREECE
paul.mcguiness@ijs.si

The production of small particles, and in some cases nanoparticles, via a process known as
surfactant-assisted ball milling has attracted a lot of interest recently across a wide range of magnetic,
e.g., PrCo5 [1], SmCo5 [2] and Nd-Fe-B [3], and and non-magnetic, e.g., aluminium [4] materials. The
addition of an appropriate surfactant makes it possible to reduce the particle size to below that possible
with conventional ball milling and to obtain a narrower size distribution. In this study we have
investigated the application of surfactant-assisted ball milling to the giant-magnetocaloric-effect
(GMCE) alloy Gd-Ge-Si in an attempt to produce approximately 500-nm-size particles with a flake-
like morphology suitable for the fabrication of the magnetocaloric composite elements required for
real-world applications.
X-ray diffractometry revealed that the addition of the surfactant in the range 5-10% (relative to
the mass of Gd-Ge-Si) substantially reduced the tendency of the material to become amorphous under
the impacts of the balls. Figure 1 shows the affect of milling the Gd-Ge-Si material for 48 hours
without the addition of any surfactant. Roughly spherical particles of about 1 micron in diameter were
formed. Figure 2, however, demonstrates the remarkable influence of the surfactant on the morphology
of the resulting powders. The vast majority of the materials exhibits a flake-like shape, similar to that
observed recently for SmCo5-type materials, but in this case without the need for any applied magnetic
field. This very surprising result leads to the very exciting possibility of being able to produce very-
high-density layered composites for the magnetocaloric elements of refrigeration devices.

Fig. 1. Gd-Ge-Si milled for 48 hours without Fig. 2. Gd-Ge-Si milled for 48 hours with
surfactant surfactant

[1] N Gunduz Akdogan et al. Anisotropic PrCo5 nanoparticles by surfactant assisted ball milling.,
Presented at Intermag 2009, Sacramento, CA, May 4-8, 2009
[2] Yiping Wang, et al. Sm-Co hard magnetic nanoparticles prepared by surfactant assisted ball
milling., Nanotechnology 18, 465701 (2007).
[3] VM Chankka et al., Magnetic nanoparticles produced by surfactant-assisted ball milling., J. Appl.
Phys. 99, 08E912 (2006).
[4] SH Hong and BK Kim., Fabrication of aluminium flake powder from foil scrap by a wet ball
milling process., Materials Letters 51, 139 (2001).
M-P-157

Oxygen vacancy induced room temperature ferromagnetism in Co doped TiO2

R.K. SINGHAL1, A. SAMARIYA1, S. KUMAR2, Y.T. XING3, S.N. DOLIA1 and


ELISA B. SAITOVITCH 3
1
Department of Physics, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, INDIA
2
Department of Physics, M L Sukhadia University, Udaipur 313 002, INDIA
3
CBPF, Rua Dr.Xavier Sigaud 150, Urca, Rio de Janeiro, BRAZIL
singhal46@yahoo.co.in

Oxygen vacancy induced room temperature ferromagnetism in low level Co (5%) doped TiO2
polycrystalline pellets (Ti0.95Co0.05O2) has been investigated to correlate the observed changes in the
magnetic state vis à vis changes in their electronic structure using XRD, XPS, resistance and
magnetization measurements. The specimens crystallize in tetragonal anatase structure containing very
small (~4.4%) rutile phase. The dopant ions of Co were found to be in divalent state and incorporated
into the TiO2 lattice substituting the Ti site within the anatase phase (major phase) and creates ~ 5%
oxygen vacancy, with no evidence of metallic Co and any other oxides of Co. Co doping induces weak
ferromagnetic ordering in the diamagnetic TiO2 host matrix. Interestingly, the sample annealed in
hydrogen atmosphere, shows a giant enhancement in magnetization, which gets suppressed upon
heating in air and the sample regained the as-prepared status. Our study indicates that the
ferromagnetism originates from the doped matrix rather than any type of magnetic cluster, and
strongly correlated with the oxygen vacancies in doped TiO2. The ferromagnetic ordering is found to
be a completely reversible process with regard to oxygen defects and the charge carriers that could be
induced or removed, respectively, upon introduction or removal of these defects and carriers.
M-P-158

Effect of nickel doping on the magneto-transport properties of Sm0.55Sr0.45MnO3 manganites

M. M. ABDELHADI1,2 and K. A. ZIQ3


1
Department of Physics, University of Hail,PO Box 2440 Hail, SAUDI ARABIA
2
Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G7, CANADA
maher@uoh.edu.sa
3
Department of Physics, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 3126, SAUDI ARABIA
kaziq@kfupm.edu.sa

We studied the effects of nickel (Ni) doping on the magneto-transport properties of


Sm0.55Sr0.45MnO3 manganites near the metal-insulator transition. Various concentrations of Ni-doped
Sm0.55Sr0.45MnO3 samples up to 10% were prepared (Ni was partially substituted at the Mn-site). The
temperature dependence of resistivity and magnetoresistance were measured as a function of Ni
concentrations at various applied magnetic fields.
We observed a nonlinear reduction of the metal-insulator transition temperature (MIT) with
increasing concentration of Ni, 5% of Ni was sufficient to completely suppress the insulator-metal
transition. Moreover, we observed dramatic increases of the resistance of the doped material with an
increasing Ni-doping (5% of Ni increases R by more than 1000 times). The resistivity peaks at various
magnetic fields collapses on themselves at the high temperature ends above the MIT.
We also performed an ac-susceptibility measurements on the Ni-doped samples, 1% of Ni
sample shows a very sharp paramagnetic transition which agrees very well with the dc-measurement.
We noticed a large increase in ac-susceptibility with decreasing temperature which is an indication of
the strengthening of the exchange interactions and in this case (for Sm0.55Sr0.45Mn1-x NixO3) the
formation of long-range ferromagnetic order.
M-P-159

Magnetic characterization of home made strontium hexaferrite

A.F. MOUSTAFA1, A.A. FARGHALI1, M. BAHGAT2 and M.H. KHEDR1


1
Bani-Swief University, EGYPT
2
CMRDI, Helwan EGYPT
a_f_moustafa2200@yahoo.com

Strontium hexaferrite is one of the most promising magnetic nano-sized materials that possess
high enough corecivity and saturation magnetization. Nano-crystallite strontium hexaferrite was
prepared by self flash combustion of acetate precursors. Single phase strontium hexaferrite (100%)
was obtained using the precursor's mole ratio 1 mole strontium acetate: 8 moles of iron acetate. The
obtained powder was fired at 600 oC for 2 hours to assist the complete decomposition of acetates. The
fired powder is then pressed in form of compacts and sintered at 850 oC for 2 hours to ensure the
complete transformation to the hexaferrite phase. The prepared nano-crystallite (90 nm) strontium
hexaferrite and strontium monoferrite (50 nm) crystals were characterized by XRD, FTIR, TG, DTA,
TEM, and light microscopy. Magnetic properties were measured by vibrating sample magnetometewr
showing promising values for Hc, Br and Bs. The catalytic activity of the prepared strontium
hexaferrite was revealed by studying its photocatalytic effect on the degradation of Toludine Blue dye
under 200 wt tungeston lamp as a source of visible light. The complete photocatalytic degradation of
the dye was achieved at 20 hrs.
M-P-160

Chaotic Properties and its applications in nonlinear magnetized plasma system

ARPITA DAS1 and SANTO BANERJEE2,3


1
Westbengal University of Technology, Kolkata, INDIA
2
Department of Mathematics, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, ITALY
3
Micro nad Nanotechnology Unit, Techfab s.r.l. Chivasso, ITALY
santoban@gmail.com

We consider the nonlinear interactions between upper-hybrid (UH) and Alfven modes in a
magnetized electron-ion plasma containing a fraction of stationary charged dust grains [1]. The
interaction is governed by a set of two equations for the upper-hybrid wave envelop including the
relativistic electron mass increase and the density, compressional magnetic field fluctuations
associated with Alfven modes that are, in turn, driven by the ponderomotive force of the wave.
We normalize the corresponding set of coupled equations and consider the interacting wave
modes in Fourier sapace. A Galerkin approximation is implemented to convert the PDE system to a
new set of ODE [2].
The temporal behavior of the new system is investigated with the help of analytical and
numerical results. We can see that the system produces chaos for a particular set of parameter values.
We investigate the chaotic properties in details by complex Fourier spectrum, Lyapunov
exponents, phase and absolute magnitude as well as some other tools quantifying non-linearity [3].
Finally the analytic results and the simulations are verified with electronic experimental
support.
We construct the circuit representation corresponding to the new system derived from PDE.
Several circuits have been built for implementing the new system, showing a good agreement between
computer simulations and experimental observations [4,5].
Other non-linear properties are also examined with the circuit simulation as well as real
experiment.

[1] A.N. Kaufman and A.N Stenflo, Phys.Scripta 11, 269 (1975).
[2] R.P.Sharma, K.Batra and A.D.Verga , Phys of plasma 12, 022311 (2005).
[3] Santo Banerjee, Papri Saha, A. Roy Chowdhury, Physics Letters A, 291,103 (2001).
[4] A. Buscarino, L. Fortuna, M. Frasca Physica D 238 ,1917 (2009).
[5] Ashraf A. Zaher, PHYSICAL REVIEW E 77, 036212 (2008).
SUPERCONDUCTIVITY and MAGNETISM

INVITED TALKS
SM-I-001

Heusler compounds: From spintronics via thermoelectrics to new superconductors

C. FELSER

Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Staudingerweg 9, 55128 Mainz, GERMANY


felser@uni-mainz.de

Silicon is still the most important semiconductor for various applications such as electronic
devices and solar cells. Recently, ternary and quaternary semiconducting materials have been designed
for more complex applications. Ternary semiconductors derived from the ZnS structure exhibit theC1b
structure type, the so called half-Heusler structure (in case that the compound contains a transition
metal). The C1b structure can be understood as ―filled‖ ZnS structure type [1]. Instead of a few
possible binary combinations crystallizing in the ZnS structure type more than 250 mainly
semiconducting compounds are known to crystallize in the C1b structure type. Half-Heusler
compounds XYZ have attracted attention as potential candidates for thermoelectric applications.
Complex C1b compounds such as TiNiSn phases are promising n-type thermoelectrical materials
illustrated by exceptionally large figure of merit, ZT ~1.5 at high temperatures [2]. Heusler compounds
X2YZ were discussed mainly in the context of materials for spintronics [3] and magnetic shape
memory alloys. Heusler compounds can be made as half-metals, showing a high spin polarization of
the conduction electrons of up to 100% in tunnel junctions [4]. High Curie temperatures were found in
Co2-Heusler compounds with values up to 1120 K in Co2FeSi [5]. Ferrimagnetic Heusler compounds
are candidates for spin torque application, because of their low magnetic moments despite their high
Curie temperatures [6]. Mn3Ga with Heusler structure was predicted to be a half metallic compensated
ferrimagnet [7,8]. Heusler compounds based on XYMnGa are interesting materials for magnetic shape
memory application. This structural instability is related to an electronic instability, which is also
found in superconducting Heusler compounds [9] and magnetic Heusler compounds with a metal to
semiconductor transition around the Curie temperature [10]. Superconducting FeSe (Tc 37K under
pressure) will be discussed as two dimensional variants [11].

[1] H. C. Kandpal, C. Felser and R. Seshadri, J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 39, 776 (2006).
[2] S. Sakurada and N. Shutoh, Appl. Phys. Lett. 86, 2105 (2005).
[3] C. Felser, G. H. Fecher, B. Balke, Angew. Chem. (int. ed.) 46, 668 (2007).
[4] T. Ishikawa, S. Hakamata, K.-I. Matsuda, T. Uemura, and M. Yamamoto, J. Appl. Phys. 103,
07A919 (2008).
[5] S. Wurmehl, G. H. Fecher, H. C. Kandpal, V. Ksenofontov, C. Felser, H.-J. Lin, and J.Morais,
Phys. Rev. B 72, 184434 (2005).
[6] S. Wurmehl, G. H. Fecher, H. C. Kandpal, and C. Felser J.Phys. Cond. Matter. 18, 6171 (2006).
[7] B. Balke, G. H. Fecher, J. Winterlik, C. Felser, Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 152504 (2007).
[8] J. Winterlik, B. Balke, S. Wurmehl, G. H. Fecher and C. Felser Maria M. C. Alves and J. Morais,
G. Azevedo and F. Furlan, Phys. Rev. B 77, 054406 (2008).
[9] J. Winterlik, G. H. Fecher, A. Thomas and C. Felser, Phys. Rev. B 79, 064508 (2009).
[10] H. C. Kandpal, V. Ksenofontov, M. Wojcik, R. Seshadri and C- Felser, J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.
40, 1587 (2007).
[11] S. Medvedev, T. M. McQueen, , T. Palasyuk, M. Eremets, R. J. Cava, I. Trojan, S. Naghavi, F.
Casper, V. Ksenofontov, G. Wortmann and C. Felser, Nature Materials 8, 630 (2009).
SM-I-002

Complex oxide interfaces – A laboratory for generating novel quantum states

H.-U. HABERMEIER

Max-Planck-Institut FKF, Heisenbergstr. 1 D 70569 Stuttgart, GERMANY


huh@fkf.mpg.de

Carefully controlled interfaces between two different materials can give rise to novel physical
phenomena and functionalities not exhibited by either of the constituent materials alone, like the
quantum Hall effect in semiconductor multilayers and the ―giant magnetoresistance‖ effect in
superlattices of simple metals. Interfaces between transitionmetal-oxides can exhibit properties not
observed at semiconductor or ordinary metal interfaces, such as emergent superconductivity and
ferromagnetism, opening a path towards a new generation of electronic devices. In this talk
experimental results of physical properties of superconducting YBCO and ferromagnetic LCMO
superlattices will briefly be reviewed as a case study for technological possibilities for interface
engineering. Using this knowledge we focus on heterostructures based on nickelates with preovskite
structure with the intention to mimick the cuprate case and potentially generate new quantum states at
the interface. The heterostructures are synthesized with atomic precision using pulsed-laser deposition,
and investigated with spectroscopic methods such as X-ray linear and circular dichrosim, resonant X-
ray reflectometry, and spectral ellipsometry, as well as aberration-corrected highresolution electron
diffraction. The goal of this investigation is a detailed understanding of the relationship between the
atomic structure and the electronic properties at the interfaces, with particular focus on the valence
states, orbital occupation, and charge transport.
SM-I-003

Mapping the phase diagram of the LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interface using the electric field effect

S. GARIGLIO 1, A. CAVIGLIA1, N. REYREN 1, C. CANCELLIERI 1, A. FÊTE 1, M. GABAY 2 and


J.-M. TRISCONE 1
1
Condensed Matter Physics Department, University of Geneva, 24 Quai E.-Ansermet, 1211 Geneva 4, SWITZERLAND
2
Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, Bat. 510, Université de Paris-Sud 11, Centre d'Orsay, 91405 Orsay Cedex, FRANCE
stefano.gariglio@unige.ch

Electronic states with unusual properties can be promoted at interfaces between complex
oxides. A particularly fascinating system is the interface between the band insulators LaAlO3 and
SrTiO3, which displays conductivity with high mobility and 2D superconductivity [1, 2].
In this contribution, field effect experiments performed on this system will be discussed. Using
the electrostatic tuning of the carrier density, the phase diagram of the system has been explored,
revealing a quantum phase transition (QPT) separating a 2D superconducting state from an insulating
state [3]. The insulating phase displays signatures of weak localization. A detailed analysis of the
electronic properties in the normal state across the quantum critical point will be discussed.

[1] N. Reyren, S. Thiel, A. D. Caviglia, L. F. Kourkoutis, G. Hammerl, C. Richter, C. W. Schneider, T.


Kopp, A.-S. Ruetschi, D. Jaccard, M Gabay, D. A. Muller, J.-M Triscone, and J Mannhart, Science
317, 1196 (2007).
[2] N. Reyren, S. Gariglio, A. D. Caviglia, D. Jaccard, T. Schneider, and J.-M. Triscone, App. Phys.
Lett. 94, 112506 (2009).
[3] A. D. Caviglia, S. Gariglio, N. Reyren, D. Jaccard, T. Schneider, M Gabay, S. Thiel, G. Hammerl,
J. Mannhart, and J.-M Triscone, Nature 456, 624 (2008).
SM-I-004

Field-induced quantum critical point and unconventional superconductivity in CeRhIn 5

TUSON PARK1, Y. TOKIWA2, H. LEE2, F. RONNING2, E. D. BAUER2, R. MOVSHOVICH2 and


J. D. THOMPSON2
1
Department of Physics,Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, REPUBLIC OF KOREA
2
Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
tp8701@skku.edu

CeRhIn5 is a prototypical antiferromagnet with magnetic transition temperature TN of 3.7 K. TN


initially increases with applied pressure up to 5 kbar, but it starts to decrease above that pressure and
unconventional superconductivity is simultaneously induced, indicating interplay between the two
broken symmetries [1,2]. Above 17.5 kbar (=P1) where TN and the superconducting transition
temperature Tc becomes equal, magnetic transition is sharply suppressed to zero temperature and Tc
forms a dome centered around 23 kbar. The first-order like transition at P1, however, is hard to
reconcile with non-Fermi liquids behavior that has been observed above the optimal pressure (=P2)
where Tc is highest [3]. Specific heat measurements show divergence of C/T with decreasing
temperature when the applied magnetic field approaches to the upper critical field. Electrical resistivity
measurements reveal a sub-linear temperature dependence over an extensive temperature range from
Tc to Tmax/2. Here Tmax is the temperature where the resistivity shows a maximal value. In addition, the
low-T anisotropy in electrical resistivity among different crystalline axes disappears at this optimal
pressure, while it is strongly enhanced at pressures away from P2 [4]. This isotropic electronic
scattering has been interpreted as an evidence for local nature of a hidden quantum critical point inside
the superconducting dome. In this talk, we discuss our current understanding of the ―hidden quantum
critical point‖ and present electrical resistivity measurements of CeRhIn5 under magnetic field at P2.
Temperature dependence of the resistivity is sub-T-linear for temperatures above Tc (or TFL) and a T2-
coefficient A found below TFL diverges as Hc2 is approached. These results are similar to the field-
induced quantum critical compound CeCoIn5 and confirm the presence of a quantum critical point in
the pressure-induced superconductor CeRhIn5.

[1] T. Park et al., Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci.105, 6825 (2008).


[2] T. Park et al., Phys. Rev, Lett. 101, 177002 (2008).
[3] T. Park et al., Nature 440, 65 (2006).
[4] T. Park et al., Nature 456, 366 (2008).
SM-I-005

Re-entrant superconductivity phenomenon in SF-hybrids

A. SIDORENKO1, V. ZDRAVKOV1, R. MORARI1, E. ANTROPOV1, J. KEHRLE2,


G. OBERMEIER2, C. MÜLLER2, V.V. RYAZANOV3 S. HORN2, R. TIDECKS2,
M.Yu. KUPRIYANOV4 and L.R. TAGIROV5
1
Institute of Electronic Engineering and Industrial Technologies ASM, Kishinev, MD2028, MOLDOVA
2
Institut für Physik, Universität Augsburg, Augsburg, D-86159, GERMANY
3
Institute of Solid State Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, 142432, RUSSIA
4
Institute of Nuclear Physics Moscow State University, Moscow, 119992, RUSSIA
5
Solid State Physics Department, Kazan State University, Kazan, 420008, RUSSIA
anatoli.sidorenko@kit.edu

In superconductor-ferromagnet metallic (S/F) bilayers the superconducting condensate


penetrates through the S/F interface into a ferromagnetic layer, and the pairing wave function not only
decays deep into the F metal, but simultaneously oscillates on the magnetic coherence length, ξm.
Based on these oscillations various new physical effects were predicted (see [1] and references
therein), some of them have been observed experimentally: a non-monotonous and re-entrant
superconducting Tc behavior as a function of the F metal thickness [1,2], Josephson junctions with
intrinsic π-shift across the junction [3], and capsized differential I-V characteristics [4].
In this work we report on the first experimental
observation of the double suppression of superconductivity
in Nb/Cu1-xNix bilayers as a function of the ferromagnetic
layer thickness dCuNi [5] (see Figure). Our experiments give
a convincing evidence for the pairing function oscillations
associated with a quasi-one dimensional Fulde-Ferrell-
Larkin-Ovchinnikov (FFLO) [6] like state establishing in
the ferromagnetic layer of a plane S/F bilayer.
The authors are grateful to J. Aarts, C. Attanasio,
A. Buzdin, M. Eschrig and A. Golubov for stimulating
discussions. The work was partially supported by RFBR
grants Nos. 09-02-12176-ofi_m and 09-02-12260-ofi_m.
8
[1] A.I. Buzdin, Rev. Mod. Phys. 77, 935 (2005). 7 S23, dNb  14.1 nm
[2] V.I. Zdravkov, A.S. Sidorenko, G. Obermeier, S. Gsell, M.6 Schreck, C. Müller, S. Horn,
R. Tidecks, and L.R. Tagirov, Phys. Rev. Lett. 97, 057004 (2006).5
TC (K)

[3] V. V. Ryazanov, V. A. Oboznov, A. Yu. Rusanov, A. V. Veretennikov,4  7.8


S22, dNbA. A.nmGolubov, and
J. Aarts, Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 2427 (2001). 3
2 304 (2001).
[4] T. Kontos, M. Aprili, J. Lesueur, and X. Grison, Phys. Rev. Lett. 86,
1 S21,dNb 6.2 nm
[5] V.I. Zdravkov, J. Kehrle, G. Obermeier, S. Gsell, M. Schreck, C. Müller, H.-A. Krug von Nidda,
0
J. Lindner, J. Moosburger-Will, E. Nold, R. Morari, V.V. Ryazanov, 0 5 10A.S.15Sidorenko,
20 25 30 S.35 Horn,
40
R. Tidecks, and L.R. Tagirov (accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. B) dCuNi (nm)
[6] P. Fulde and R. Ferrell, Phys. Rev. 135, A550 (1964); A.I. Larkin and Yu.N. Ovchinnikov, Zh.
Eksp. Teor. Fiz. 47, 1136 (1964) [Sov. Phys. JETP 20, 762 (1965)].
SM-I-006

Electric transport properties in S/F hybrids

CARMINE ATTANASIO

Dipartimento di Fisica ‖E. R. Caianiello‖ and Laboratorio Regionale SuperMat, CNR-INFM Salerno,
Università degli Studi di Salerno, Fisciano (Sa) I-84084 ITALY
attanasio@sa.infn.it

In the last years the proximity effect in superconductor (S) /ferromagnet (F) hybrids has
attracted a lot of interest due to the inhomogeneous nature of the superconducting order parameter in
these structures [1]. One of the most relevant consequences of the peculiar character of the order
parameter is the non monotonic behaviour of the superconducting critical temperature Tc as a function
of the thickness dF of the F layer which has been observed in many S/F heterostructures [2]. Another
peculiar effect has been detected in the so-called S/F/S Josephson junctions where negative critical
currents have been measured [3]. Very recently also a strong non monotonic behaviour of the
Ginzburg-Landau anisotropy coefficient GL has been found in S/F/S trilayers as a function of dF and
has been interpreted as a manifestation of the small coupling which exists around the 0- transition [4].
However, most of the research in this area has been performed on trilayer S/F/S film structures,
in which only two order parameter configurations are possible: one without phase change, and one
with a phase change (equivalent to a sign change, or a node) in the pair amplitude. If the number of the
layers is increased a larger number of possible configurations is possible which give, in principle,
different properties of the entire system such as, for example, the superconducting transition
temperature Tc. A first attempt to clarify such new issues has been recently published [5]. In this work
[6] we report on the behavior of a series of multilayers made of superconducting Nb and ferromagnetic
Pd0.81Ni0.19. We measure the resistive transitions and we find that, for the individual layer thicknesses
used, the transition width ΔTc increases with increasing the number of bilayers in the multilayer, in a
well-defined manner. We also find the occurrence of steps in the resistive transitions. We can make a
very good connection with the various order parameter configurations using a matrix formulation of
quasiclassical theory based on the Usadel equations and show that these different configurations take
part in the Josephson networks which are formed in the transition to the superconducting state [7].

[1] A. I. Buzdin, Rev. Mod. Phys. 77, 935 (2005).


[2] Th. Mühge, N. N. Garif‘yanov, Yu. V. Goryunov, G. G. Khaliullin, L. R. Tagirov, K. Westerholt, I.
A. Garifullin, and H. Zabel, Phys. Rev. Lett. 77, 1857 (1996).
[3] V. V. Ryazanov, V. A. Oboznov, A. Yu. Rusanov, A. V. Veretennikov, A. A. Golubov, and J.
Aarts, Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 2427 (2001).
[4] C. Cirillo, C. Bell, G. Iannone, S. L. Prischepa, J. Aarts, and C. Attanasio, Phys. Rev. B 80,
094510 (2009).
[5] P. H. Barsic, O. T. Valls and K. Halterman, Phys. Rev. B 75, 104502 (2007).
[6] V. N. Kushnir, S. L. Prischepa, C. Cirillo, A. Vecchione, C. Attanasio, M. Yu. Kupriyanov, and J.
Aarts, submitted (2009).
[7] S. L. Prischepa, C. Cirillo, C. Bell, V. N. Kushnir, J. Aarts, C. Attanasio, and M. Yu. Kupriyanov.
JETP Lett. 88, 375 (2008).
SM-I-007

Neutron reflectometry and infrared ellipsometry studies of heterostructures from


complex oxides

CHRISTIAN BERNHARD

Physics Department and Fribourg Center for Nanomaterials – FriMat, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musee 3, CH-
1700 Fribourg, SWITZERLAND
Christian.bernhard@unifr.ch
http://www.unifr.ch/physics/fk/welcome.html

In the first part of my talk, I will show that multilayers of cuprate high Tc superconductors and
ferromagnetic manganites provide a fascinating playground for studying the competition between the
superconducting and ferromagnetic orders. In particular, I will present experimental results from
neutron reflectometry measurements on thin film superlattices that were grown by pulsed laser
deposition (PLD). These measurements establish that the interaction between superconductivity and
ferromagnetism is rather strong and gives rise to a surprisingly rich spectrum of unusual phenomena
[1-3]. In the second part, I will present recent infrared ellipsometry measurements on LaAlO3/SrTiO3
heterostructures which directly probe the optical response due to the confined electron gas near the
interface. Our studies show that this optical technique provides a versatile tool for studying the
electronic properties of very thin and buried layers in various kinds of oxide heterostructures [4].

[1] J. Stahn et al., Phys. Rev. B 71, R140509 (2005).


[2] J. Hoppler et al., Phys. Rev. B 78, 134111 (2008).
[3] J. Hoppler et al., Nature Materials 8, 315 (2009).
[4] A. Dubroka et al., arXiv:0910.0741.
SM-I-008

Proximity and stray magnetic field induced effects in superconducting/ferromagnetic hybrids

J.E. VILLEGAS 1,2,


1
Unité Mixte de Physique CNRS/Thales, Palaiseau, FRANCE
2
Université Paris Sud 11, Orsay, FRANCE
javier.villegas@thalesgroup.com

Superconductivity (S) and ferromagnetism (F) are antagonistic phenomena, whose competing
interaction and interplay are promoted by their confinement and intimate contact in artificial S/F
hybrids. Because of those, the latter usually show novel, unexpected physical properties [1,2]. We will
discuss here a few examples of this.
Part of this paper is dedicated to effects produced in superconducting films by the stray
magnetic fields from arrays of nanomagnets. We will show how to take advantage of the magnetostatic
interactions between magnetic flux quanta and ―magnetic vortices‖ in order to produce ―switchable‖
flux pinning potentials [3], and how, by changing the length scales in this system, we can artificially
imprint the magnetic reversal characteristics of the nanomagnets into the transport properties of the
superconducting thin film [4,5].
In the second part, we will describe experiments aimed at investigating the nature of proximity
effects in all-oxide S/F hybrids. In particular, we will discuss current-perpendicular-to-plane
spectroscopic magneto-transport across S/F micro-junctions, which show unusual features such as a
prominent zero-bias conductance peak, and a symmetric series of resonances at quasiparticle sup-gap
energies [6]. We will comment on the origin of these behaviors and their implications in regard of
proximity effects.

* In collaboration with C.-P. Li, I. K. Schuller, Y. Zhu, R. Bernard, J. Briatico, C. Visani, Z.


Sefrioui, J. Santamaria, M. Bibes and A. Barthelemy.

[1] M. Vélez, J.I. Martin, J.E. Villegas, A Hoffmann, E.M. González, J.L. Vicent and Ivan K. Schuller.
J. Mag. Mag. Mat. 320, 2547 (2008).
[2] A. Yu. Aladyshkin, A.V. Silhanek, W. Gillijns and V. V. Moshchalkov, Supercond. Sci. Technol.
22 053001 (2009).
[3] J.E. Villegas, K.D. Smith, L. Huang, Y. Zhu, R. Morales and I.K. Schuller, Phys. Rev. B. 77,
134510 (2008).
[4] J.E. Villegas, C.-P. Li, and I.K. Schuller, Phys. Rev. Lett 99, 227001 (2007).
[5] J.E. Villegas, A. Sharoni, C.-P. Li and Ivan K. Schuller, Appl. Phys. Lett. 94, 252507 (2009).
[6] J.E. Villegas, C. Visani, et al., unpublished.
SM-I-009

Josephson junctions with inhomogeneous magnetic barriers

M.G. BLAMIRE, J. WITT and J.W.A. ROBINSON

Department of Materials Science University of Cambridge Pembroke Street Cambridge CB2 3QZ UK
mb52@cam.ac.uk

The development of pi-junctions using ferromagnetic barriers which resulted from the original
discoveries of Ryazonov et al. [1] has stimulated detailed theoretical investigations of a wide variety of
magnetic structures within Josephson junctions. In particular there has been considerable attention paid
to systems in which the magnetism is non-colinear, either through the use of multilayer barriers, or
barriers containing ferromagnets with intrinsic non-linearities or domain walls.
This paper reports progress on the fabrication and characterisation of holmium as a barrier in
Josephson junctions and builds on previous theoretical studies of this system [2]. We show that the
properties of thin film holmium are distinct from bulk and that this affects the superconducting
response of devices. In particular we observe various phenomena which seem to be associated with the
helical magnetic structure which point to an interaction of the magnetic inhomegeneity and the
superconducting properties.
The paper will also review the development of devices in which the magnetic alignment of
multilayer barriers can be externally controlled and the potential for generating spin-triplet
superconductivity [3].

[1] V. V. Ryazanov, V. A. Oboznov, A. Y. Rusanov, A. V. Veretennikov, A. A. Golubov, and J.


Aarts, Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 2427 (2001).
[2] G. B. Halász, J. W. A. Robinson, J. F. Annett, and M. G. Blamire, Phys. Rev. B 79, 224505
(2009).
[3] C. Bell, G. Burnell, C. W. Leung, E. J. Tarte, D. J. Kang, and M. G. Blamire, Appl. Phys. Lett.
84, 1153 (2004).
SM-I-010

Spin-triplet superconductivity in Co-based Josephson junctions

NORMAN O. BIRGE

Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
birge@pa.msu.edu

When a conventional spin-singlet superconductor (S) is placed in contact with a strong


ferromagnet (F), the superconducting proximity effect decays over an extremely short length scale. In
S/F/S Josephson junctions, the critical current oscillates and decays rapidly as a function of the
ferromagnetic layer thickness. If there were spin-triplet superconducting correlations present,
however, then both the proximity and Josephson effects would persist over much longer distances.
Such correlations have been predicted to occur in S/F systems in the presence of certain forms of
magnetic inhomogeneity near the S/F interface [1]. Moreover, these correlations exhibit a strange
symmetry never before observed: they are odd in frequency or time. In this talk I will discuss our
recent observation of such spin-triplet pair correlations in S/F/S Josephson junctions containing the
strong ferromagnet Co [2]. The spin-triplet correlations appear only when layers of a weakly-
ferromagnetic alloy, such as PdNi or CuNi, are placed between the central Co and the two outer Nb
layers.

[1] For a review, see F.S. Bergeret, A.F. Volkov, and K.B. Efetov, Rev. Mod. Phys. 77, 1321 (2005).
[2] T.S. Khaire, M.A. Khasawneh, W.P. Pratt, Jr., and N.O. Birge, arXiv:0912.0205.
SM-I-011

Interplay of superconductivity and magnetism in superconductor/ferromagnet bilayer

T. TAMEGAI, Y. NAKAO and Y. NAKAJIMA

Department of Applied Physics, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656 JAPAN
tamegai@ap.t.u-tokyo.ac.jp

Superconductors (SCs) and ferromagnets (FMs) have two antagonistic magnetic characteristics.
SCs repel magnetic fields by the Meissner effect, while FMs concentrates magnetic flux on magnetic
domains. In FMs, magnetic domain structures are formed to reduce magnetic energy due to stray field.
The distribution of stray field from FMs depends on local magnetic environments. Recent theoretical
studies have predicted that the presence of SC on top of FM greatly modifies the distribution of stray
field, and eventually leads to a shrinkage of the width of MDs by a factor of (2/3)1/2∼0.82 [1-4].
We have prepared Pb film on a garnet film with perpendicular anisotropy and attempted to
observe the above-mentioned effect [5]. However, strong non-equilibrium effect due to the pinning of
magnetic domains prevents us from observing shrinkage of magnetic domains in the equilibrium state.
AC demagnetizing field is known to be effective to reduce the non-equilibrium pinning of magnetic
domains. We apply AC demagnetizing field to the Pb/garnet bilayer system below the superconducting
transition temperature of Pb and succeeded in observing the shrinkage of the width of magnetic
domains in the garnet film. In this case, the shrinkage ratio is found to be much smaller than the
theoretical estimation. Comparative study of plain Pb film and Pb/garnet bilayer shows the presence of
the effect of pinning in Pb film [6]. In order to minimize the pinning effect in a superconductor, a Pb
single crystal with negligible pinning is used as a superconductor. Even in this case, a finite critical
field of the Pb crystal prevents the effective AC demagnetization of the magnetic domains. By placing
garnet film close to the edge of the Pb crystal, a finite shrinkage of the magnetic domain is
successfully observed.

[1] L. N. Bulaevskii and E. M. Chudnovsky, Phys. Rev. B63, 012502 (2000).


[2] E. Sonin E, Phys. Rev. B66, 136501 (2002).
[3] L. N. Bulaevski, E. M. Chudnovsky, and M. Dauments, Phys. Rev. B66, 136502 (2002).
[4] M. Dauments and Y. Ezzahri, Phys. Lett. A306, 344 (2003).
[5] T. Tamegai, Y. Nakao, Y. Tsuchiya, and Y. Nakajima, J. Phys. Conf. Ser. 150, 052263 (2009).
[6] Y. Nakao, Y. Nakajima, and T. Tamegai, to be published in Physica C.
SM-I-012

Odd triplet superconductivity in superconductor/ferromagnet hybrids

K. B. EFETOV

Theoretische Physk III, Ruhr-Universität Bochum 44780 Bochum, GERMANY


efetov@tp3.rub.de

Novel unusual effects in superconductor-ferromagnet (S/F) heterostructures are reviewed. The


main attention is paid to the triplet component of the superconducting condensate generated in these
systems due to the presence of a non-homogeneous structure of the ferromagnet. This component is
odd in frequency and even in the momentum, which is a new type of the superconductivity. In contrast
to a p-wave triplet pairing the odd triplet s-wave condensate is not destroyed by non-magnetic
impurities. The triplet component is not destroyed even by a strong exchange field and can penetrate
the ferromagnet over long distances.
The inhomogeneous exchange field usually exists in real materials due to domain walls or spin
active interfaces but can also be created artificially by attaching ferromagnets with non-collinear
magnetic moments.
The odd frequency triplet component can be generated if the superconducting order parameter
has initially either s- or d-symmetry. The former symmetry is usual for most conventional
superconductors, while the latter case is very important for layered high Tc superconducting cuprates
in contact with the ferromagnet. Such a heterostructure is especially interesting because the presence
of an inhomogeneous exchange field may even improve the superconductivity by generating an s-wave
odd triplet condensate which, in contrast to d-wave condensate, is insensitive to non–magnetic
impurity scattering.
Various setups that allow one to observe experimentally the odd triplet superconductivity are
discussed. In some cases the presence of the triplet component leads to an increase of the conductivity
of a normal metal but a ―real‖ superconductivity is also possible.
In addition to the odd triplet condensate, an interesting related phenomenon, namely, inverse
proximity effect and its recent experimental observation is considered. It is characterized by a long
range penetration of the magnetic moment into the conventional s-wave superconductor, which is
impossible for a normal metal.
Several recent experiments concerning the predicted effects are reviewed.
SM-I-013

Superconductor/Ferromagnet proximized nanostructures for advanced optical applications

G.P. PEPE

CNR-INFM Coherentia, Via Cinthia, Napoli, ITALY


Università di Napoli Federico II, Department of Physical Sciences, Faulty of Engeneer, Piazzale Tecchio 80, 80125
Naples, ITALY
gpepe@na.infn.it

The physics of the proximity effect between a superconductor (S) and a ferromagnet (F) layer
has recently attracted a great attention for many fundamental physical aspects involved in the
simultaneous presence of these two antagonistic phenomena. The availability of nanosized hetero-
structures and multi-layers with different combinations of both S and F states raises new questions, and
opens up new potential in applied physics concerning superconductive spintronics, quantum
electronics in phase–controlled devices (i.e. S/F/S -junctions), nonequilibrium superconductivity and
related applications (e.g. photodetectors).
In the last case, the absorption of a photon in a superconductor produces an energy
cascade which restores the equilibrium though complicated scattering processes. The presence of a
proximized S/N(F) layer can enhance the confinement of electron excitations in the normal layer thus
increasing the local nonequilibrium electron density, and hence the temperature of the electron system
in the absorbing thin normal layer. Such an increase can be usefully addressed to enhance the extra
tunneling current as in Superconducting Tunnel Junction Detectors (STJDs) or to change the kinetic
inductance of the whole superconducting structure as in Superconducting Nanowire Detectors (SNDs).
Accordingly, the study of electron properties of the proximized NbN-based structures in
nonequilibrium conditions can assume a great importance both in searching for novel configurations of
superconducting detectors and optimizing existing performances.
Among superconducting materials used for high performance nanowire detectors, NbN demonstrated
to have unique characteristics in terms of fast response, quantum efficiency and photon-number
resolving capability. Accordingly, we investigated the role of proximity effect on NbN thin films by
overlayering them with ferromagnetic NiCu thin layers characterized by a short coherence length.
Bilayers were deposited by DC magnetron sputtering on both MgO and Si without any substrate
heating. They have been characterized in terms of both morphological and transport properties.
Moreover, optical ultrafast pump-probe (100fs pulse width, 82MHz repetition rate) has been
performed to study the influence of the proximity effect on dynamics of excitations on the first
picoseconds after the laser pulse absorption, and down to low temperatures (4K). Superconducting
nanowires with meander geometries (48 micron lengths and <500 nm widths) have been also realized,
and results concerning their photo-response by laser irradiation are also presented.
SM-I-014

Charge transport in hybrid superconducting/ferromagnetic junctions with precessing


magnetization

M. HOUZET

CEA, INAC, SPSMS, F-38054 Grenoble, FRANCE


manuel.houzet@cea.fr

The proximity effect in a ferromagnetic (F) metal in contact with a conventional


superconductor (S) is usually short ranged. Indeed, the conversion from Cooper pairs in the
superconductor to Andreev pairs in the ferromagnet involves two electrons with opposite spins. They
get quickly dephased due to the large value of the exchange field acting on their spins. Yet, it was
predicted that a long range proximity effect can take place when the magnetization rotates spatially [1]
or when spin-flip processes take place in vicinity of the F/S interface [2]. Indeed, Andreev pairs
involving electrons with parallel spins are then created and can propagate on a long distance. Here, we
propose that the long range triplet proximity effect can also be stimulated by varying in time (rather
than in space) the orientation of the magnetization in the ferromagnet [3]. This happens for instance in
a conventional hybrid junction close to the ferromagnetic resonance. We study the properties of charge
transport in hybrid F/S junctions in this regime.

[1] F. S. Bergeret, A. F. Volkov, and K. B. Efetov, Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 4096 (2001).
[2] M. Eschrig et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 90, 137003 (2003).
[3] M. Houzet, Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, 057009 (2008).
SM-I-015

Combined domain structures in superconducting/ferromagnetic hybrids

V.VLASKO-VLASOV 1, U.WELP 1, A.BUZDIN 2, A.MELNIKOV 3, D.ROSENMANN 1, and


W.KWOK 1
1
Argonne National Laboratory, USA
2
University of Bordeaux, FRANCE
3
Institute of Physics of Microstructures,Novgorod, RUSSIA

Combined domain structures of superconducting vortices strongly coupled to magnetic


domains are studied using direct magneto-optical imaging in a bilayer of type II superconducting Nb
film and a RE - iron garnet film. In a bare garnet film the domain width D increases with decreasing
temperature and is substantially larger that the film thickness h. Below the superconducting transition
temperature the combined domains are formed which become much narrower than normal state
domains after application of the AC fields. Such a behavior contradicts the thermodynamic predictions
of the domain expansion in the case D>>h. A model is proposed explaining the observed effect by the
emergence of an AC field induced instability leading to a transitional nonequilibrium state with
combined domains.
The studied combined domain structure defined by both superconducting and magnetic
properties of the hybrid yields a novel electromagnetic response similar to that of a type I
superconductor where the magnetization goes through the domain wall motion. The system acquires an
enhanced pinning due to the coupled vortex/domain dynamics. As a result, the mobility of vortices
reduces resulting in the suppression of thermo-magnetic avalanches at low temperatures and increased
critical currents at T ~ Tc.

The work was supported by the US Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences-Materials
Sciences, under contract no. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
SM-I-016

On odd-frequency spin triplet supercurrents

J. AARTS and M. S. ANWAR

Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory, Leiden Institute of Physics, P. O. Box 9504, 2300RA Leiden, THE NETHERLANDS
anwar@physics.leidenuniv.nl

In the last few years, the scenery in the physics of superconductor/ ferromagnet hybrids has
changed considerably with the realization that not only spin singlets may be present but, through the
mechanism of odd–frequency pairing, also spin triplets have to be considered [1]. This has led to a
large amount of theoretical work, predicting a variety of different effects and possible experimental
verifications. Still, only very few experiments have been reported which give an indication for the
existence of odd-frequency triplets. In this contribution I shall review the experimental scene, with
emphasis on the observation of long range proximity effects using halfmetallic ferromagnetic CrO2 [2],
a result which has been elusive to reproduce. We have fabricated CrO 2 films with superconducting
contacts of amorphous MoGe and show preliminary data on the occurrence of a supercurrent over a
micron wide gap between the contacts. The surface morphology of the film appears to play a key role
in the observed effects, as will be discussed.

[1] F.S. Bergeret, A.F. Volkov, K.B. Efetov, Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 4096 (2001).
[2] R. S. Keizer, S. T. B. Goennenwein, T. M. Klapwijk, G. Miao, G. Xiao and A. Gupta, Nature,
439, 825 (2006).
SUPERCONDUCTIVITY and MAGNETISM

ORAL PRESENTATION
SM-O-001

Clausius-Mossotti Approximation in superconductivity and magnetism

Y. KORNYUSHIN

Maître Jean Brunschvig Research Unit, Chalet Shalva, Randogne, CH-3975, SWITZERLAND
jacqie@bluewin.ch

Extended Clausius-Mossotti approximation is applied to study magnetic properties of


superconductive and other type granular materials, containing inclusions of other phases and pores. It
is assumed that the sample, the inclusions and the pores are of ellipsoidal shape. The main axes of the
ellipsoids considered are assumed to coincide with some and the same Descartes coordinates. The
fields, the electric currents, and the magnetizations in the matrix, inclusions and pores are assumed to
be homogeneous ones, different in all different objects.
Presented extension of Clausius-Mossotti model proved to be rather useful for the applications
to the inhomogeneous polar materials, in particular sintered ceramic materials.
In spite of the oversimplified nature of the regarded model, it proved to be useful for the
interpretation of the experimental data in the field-cooled and zero-field-cooled superconductive
ceramic samples. Measured EPR data in non-magnetic matrices in superconductive-powder-in-
polymer systems also show unexpectedly high accuracy of the reported simple approach. So, Clausius-
Mossotti approximation, which was started by Ottavanio Fabrizio Mossotti in 1846, still serves new
data in polar materials.
Equilibrium shape of a pore in polar materials is investigated and the cavitation phenomenon is
described. It appears that the larger the pore the more elongated it is in the given sample. Clausius-
Mossotti model is applied also to calculate the effective electric conductivity of mixtures. The
effective electric conductivity does not depend on the shape of a sample as a whole, as it is a
coefficient between the current and the electric field inside a sample. This approach cannot serve the
percolation phenomena, which is characteristic for the random distribution of the conductive and non-
conductive particles; it is rather suitable for more or less ordered array of the particles of the
components in a mixture. Measured magnetic moment, on the contrary, is sensitive to the shape of a
sample, as it involves internal and external relationships.

[1] Y. Kornyushin. Clausius-Mossotti Approximation in the Theory of Sintered Polar Materials – A


Review – in Press.
SM-O-002

Coexistence of superconductivity, ferromagnetism and


antiferromagnetism

R. GILL 1 and P. SINGH 2

1
G.B.Pant University, Pantnagar, INDİA
2
Department of Physics, Addis Ababa university, ETHIOPIA
1
rgill12dec@rediffmail.com, 2 psinghgbpup@yahoo.com

Superconductivity and Magnetism which were considered antagonistic and virtually exclusive
phenomena till very recently have been experimentally observed to coexist in both high Tc and more
recently in Uranium based superconductors. We have studied a model system Hamiltonian with a
pairing interaction and an interaction describing the scattering of carriers (electrons and/or holes) by
localized electrons has been studied employing Green function formalism of quantum field theory and
the effect of ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic correlations has been examined in detail.
The expressions for superconducting order parameter (), antiferromagnetic order parameter
() and ferromagnetic order parameter () have been obtained numerically. ,  and  are
found to be interrelated and in the particular temperature regime, they coexist. The effect of
conduction electron polarization has also been investigated. The observation of coexisting
superconductivity with spin glass ordering is perhaps an indication of the fact that both ferromagnetic
and antiferromagnetic correlations are present in some such coexistent magnetic superconductors.
Such a situation is manifested in ruthenates Sr2RuO4 [1] and can arise in some other systems also in
Uranium based superconductors[2].It is argued that the coexistence is possible and the study of the
interplay of superconductivity and magnetic correlations will enrich our understanding of the
coexistent magnetic superconductors[3,4,5,6]whatever the mechanism.

[1] P.Monothoux and G.G.Lonzariach, Phys.Rev.Letter 82, 4324 (1999).


[2] F.Levy, I.Sheikin, B.Grenier, C.Marcenat and A. Huxley, J Phys.Cond.Matter 21, 164211 (2009).
[3] K.P.Sinha and P.Singh, J.Low Temp.Phys.37, 389 (1979).
[4] P.Singh and K.P.Sinha, J.Sol.State.Commun.73, 45 (1990}.
[5] R.Kishore and P.Singh, Physica C 215, 59 (1993).
[6] Sarita and P.Singh, J.Physica Status Solidi.277b, 699 (2007).
SM-O-005

Development of superconductivity through interparticle interactions in


Sn nanoparticle assemblies

W.-H. LI, C.-M. WU, C.-W. WANG and C.-Y. LI

Department of Physics, National Central University, Jhongli 32001, TAIWAN


whli@phy.ncu/edu.tw

The appearance of superconductivity requires the developments of a macroscopic coherent


state [1, 2]. This requirement is frequently fulfilled by gathering a sufficient amount of electrons into
the conduction band. The superconducting parameters are sensitive to the number of electrons
gathered, hence on the physical size of the system. The critical sizes for supporting superconductivity
have been theoretically addressed [1, 2] and experimentally investigated in films, wires, and in
nanoparticles. Generally speaking, superconductivity will not occur in systems when the electron level
separation near the Fermi energy is comparable to the BCS superconducting gap [3]. This criterion,
known as the Anderson criterion, usually occurs in systems which are a few nanometers in sizes. Our
previous results [4] show that superconductivity and ferromagnetism coexist in Sn nanoparticles.
Superconductivity is lost in particles with a particle diameter smaller than ~3.5 nm, which agrees with
the Anderson prediction. In this presentation, we report on the observation of the development of
superconductivity through interparticle interactions in a 3 nm Sn nanoparticle assembly.
Ferrimagnetism is found but no sign of superconductivity may be detected when these nanoparticles
are very loosely assembled. A reduction in the mean particle moment results when the packing
fraction of the assembly is increased. Superconductivity appears at a critical packing fraction. Beyond
this, the superconducting transition temperature TC continues to increase and noticeably exceeds the
bulk TC. These results raise three critical questions regarding the physical origins of the development
of spin polarization in nanoparticles, the development of superconductivity through interparticle
interactions, and the emergence of strong interplay between superconductivity and spin polarization.
We attribute these observations to the transfer of electrons between the surface and the core regions of
the nanoparticles triggered by finite size effects and interparticle interactions. By considering the flow
of electrons between the core and surface regions of the nanoparticles, in matching the Fermi energy of
the two regions, the variations of the superconducting and spin polarization parameters with packing
fraction observed in the present study can be understood.

[1] P. W. Anderson, J. Phys. Chem. Solids 11, 26 (1959).


[2] M. Strongin, R. S. Thompson,O. F. Kammerer, and J. E. Crow, Phys. Rev. B 1, 1078 (1970).
[3] J. von Delft J, A. D. Zaikin, D. S. Golubev, and W. Tichy, Phys. Rev. Lett. 77, 3189 (1996).
[4] W.-H. Li, C.-W. Wang, C.-Y. Li, C. K. Hsu, C. C. Yang, and C.-M.Wu, Phys. Rev. B 77, 094508-1
(2008).
SM-O-006

Proximity effect in a quantum dot system coupled to ferromagnetic and superconducting leads

P. TROCHA1 and J.BARNAŚ1,2


1
Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 85, 61-614 Poznań, POLAND
2
Institute of Molecular Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smoluchowskiego 17, 60-179 Poznań, POLAND
piotrtroch@gmail.com

Transport properties of single quantum dot, coupled to the pair of superconducting electrodes
or to combination of normal and superconducting leads, have been a subject of recent theoretical
studies [1,2] and very recently such systems have been also investigated experimentally [3]. However,
transport properties of multi-dot structures coupled to superconducting leads are to a large extent
unexplored.
Electronic transport through coupled single-level quantum dots connected to one ferromagnetic
and one superconducting electrodes is considered theoretically. Generally, the intradot Coulomb
correlations and interdot tunnel coupling are taken into account. The superconducting electrode is
described by the BCS-like theory. Transport characteristics, including current, linear and nonlinear
conductance are calculated. The equilibrium and nonequilibrium superconducting proximity effects in
a quantum dot system are presented.

[1] Q.-F. Sun, H. Guo T.-H. Lin, Phys. Rev. Lett. 87, 176601 (2001).
[2] M. Governale, M. G. Pala and J. König, Phys. Rev. B 77, 134513 (2008).
[3] J.A. van Dam, Y. V. Nazarov, E. P. A. M. Bakkers, S. De Franceschi, L. P. Kouwenhoven, Nature
442, 667 (2006).
SM-O-007

Coherent states of charge carriers on two-dimensional system of magnetic ions

L. SHCHUROVA

P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute of Russian Academy of Science, 119991, Moscow, RUSSIA
ljusia@gmail.com

We have formulated a model, in which coherent states of charge carriers are consequences of
their interactions with collective states of the two-dimensional magnetic ions‘ system. The magnetic
ions‘ system is characterized by short-range ferromagnetic and long-range antiferromagnetic order.
Within topological methods we have examined stable inhomogeneous states of magnetic ions‘ system.
The dynamical properties of these states are described within field-theoretic approach. We received
that each of these inhomogeneous magnetic configurations is topologically stable and is characterized
by their own field topological number q and a finite energy Eq. As a result, these inhomogeneous
configurations can exist at sufficiently high temperatures, for example, in classical (lanthanum,
yttrium) high-temperature superconductors. These ion-field magnetic structures are not collapse
because of interactions with current carriers. However, the charge carrier states are determined by
structure of magnetic configurations. We have examined the electron states in these ion-field stable
configurations. The energy functional of the charge carrier system is finite and single-valued only if
the charge carrier system is coherent and has conserved momenta, whose symmetry is consistent with
the structure of the ion-field configurations. We have found coherent charge carrier p-and d-states. The
d-states have superconducting properties, but properties of the p-states close to the dielectric.
SM-O-008

Superconducting proximity effect in non-homogeneous ferromagnets

A.S. JENKINS and G. BURNELL

Department of Physics, University of Leeds, UNITED KINGDOM


phy2asj@leeds.ac.uk

Superconductivity and ferromagnetism are two naturally competitive phenomena which will
both be intrinsic to a new wave of spintronic technology and the advancement of quantum computing.
The interplay between superconductivity and inhomogeneous ferromagnetism has recently come under
both theoretical and experimental study. A greater understanding of this relationship is required in
order to fully describe the role of a domain wall in the superconducting proximity effect.
By fabricating superconductor/ferromagnet bilayer nanowires, it is possible to investigate the
direct effect of a single domain wall upon superconductivity. This can be done by nucleating and
trapping a domain wall in the thin S/F nanowire. Once the domain wall is trapped, the superconducting
properties, such as the critical current, critical temperature and field dependence of the resistance at the
transition, R(B), can be measured.
The samples are fabricated using a combination of optical and ebeam lithography and the
superconductor used is Nb, whereas both Co and Py have both been used for the ferromagnet.
The presence of the domain wall in the nanowire and the type (i.e. vortex or transverse) of
domain wall trapped can be monitored using Anisotropic MagnetoResistance (AMR). Further evidence
as to the type of domain wall trapped can be obtained by simulations using the OOMMF code. With
these simulations a model to help distinguish between domain wall types can be produced.
It known that a vortex domain wall will produce a strong out of plane component at its core and
this has been seen to strongly suppress the superconducting order parameter which would in turn mask
other smaller proximity effects. Transverse domain walls are now being investigated due the reduced
stray field effect.

2.0 2.0

1.5 1.5
Voltage (mV)
Voltage (mV)

1.0 1.0

0.5 0.5

0.0 0.0
1.8 1.80 )
1.75 (mA
-40
-40 ) -30
-20
1.7 mA
-20 1.70 nt
Ma n t( Ma -10
rre
gn re gne 0 1.65 cu
eti 0
ur tic 10 d
dc lie
cf 1.6 fiel 20 1.60
i el 20 lie d pp
d( p (m 30
mT Ap T) 40
1.55
Ap
) 40

Fig.1. showing the critical current at different magnetic fields. When a domain wall is present the
transition is greatly supressed.
SM-O-009

Proximity effect and current transport in the oxide superconductor/magnetic interfaces

G.A. OVSYANNIKOV1,2, K.Y. CONSTANTINIAN1, Y.V. KISLINSKI1, A.V. SHADRIN1,


A.V.ZAITSEV1, V.V. DEMIDOV1, P.V. KOMISSINSKI1,3, I.V. BORISENKO1 and D.WINKLER2
1
Kotel’nikov Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 125009, Moscow, RUSSIA
2
Department of Microtechnology and Nanoscience, Chalmers University of Technology, S41296, Gothenburg, SWЕDEN
3
Department of Materials Science, Darmstadt University of Technology, 64287 Darmstadt, GERMANY
gena@hitech.cplire.ru

Here we report on the experimental studies of the dc and rf current transport in across the oxide
superconductor/magnetic interfaces in hybrid thin film S-N-M-D Mesa HeteroStructures (MHS) of
Nb/Au/M/YBa2Cu3O7- with areas from 1010 up to 5050 m2. Here Nb is a conventional s-wave
superconductor (S), YBa2Cu3O7- (YBCO) is an oxide superconductor (Sd) with dominant d-wave
order parameter, Au is the normal metal (N), and M is magneto-active interlayer or Ca1-xSrxCuO2
(CSCO) that is a quasi-two dimensional Heisenberg antiferromagnetic cuprate[1,2] or La1-yCayMnO3
that is a the mixed-valence manganite exhibiting both antiferromagnetism or ferromagnetism
depending on Ca doping (y value). Since epitaxial growth of oxide films the sharp interface between
superconducting and magneto-active thin film is realized. The critical current density of MHS
exponentially decrease with the thickness ds of CSCO interlayer while characteristic resistance
increase. Finally the critical current is observed in MHS with CSCO interlayer up to d s=50 nm.
Experimental data well correspond to the theoritical model of two superconductor separate by sevaral
(upto 20) magnitoractive layers with antiferromagnetic orderining[3,4]. The MHS are found to have
higher sensitivity to an applied magnetic field then conventional Josepson junction due to controlling
of critical current by the canting of layer magnetization. We have no observed critical current in MHS
with LSMO interlay for ds=5 nm.

This work was supported by the Russian Academy of Sciences, Russian Foundation of Basic
Research (N08-02-00487), Scientific school grant 5408.2008.2, the International Science and
Technology Center (N3743).

[1] P. Komissinskiy, G.A. Ovsyannikov, I.V. Borisenko et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. . 99, 017004 (2007).
[2] Yu.V. Kislinski, K.I. Constantinian, G.A. Ovsyannikov et al JEPT, 133, 914 (2008).
[3] A.V. Zaitsev, JETP Lett., 90, в521 (2009).
[4] L.P. Gorkov and V.Z.Kresin, Phys. Rep. 400, 149 (2004).
SM-O-010

Josephson junctions with composite magnetic barriers

J. W. A. ROBINSON, Z. H. BARBER and M. G. BLAMIRE

Department of Materials Science, University of Cambridge, Pembroke Street, Cambridge CB2 3QZ UK
jjr33@cam.ac.uk

The experimental discovery of negative Josephson coupling between two superconductors


bridged by a thin ferromagnet [1] stimulated a resurgence of interest in the physics of π-junctions [2].
The experimental investigation of superconductor-ferromagnetic-superconductor (SFS) junctions has
now reached a stage where more complex π-junctions are being studied, both theoretically [3] and
experimentally [4,5].
We report progress in the fabrication and measurement of complex π-junctions which contain
both ferromagnetic and normal metal layers; in particular, we present results on junctions containing a
Rh/Co/Rh composite in which the magnetization of the Co is completely preserved, thus eliminating
the issue of a magnetic dead layer present in other SFS systems. We also discuss measurements of
junctions containing exchanged-coupled ferromagnets.

[1] V. V. Ryazanov, V. A. Oboznov, A. Y. Rusanov, A. V. Veretennikov, A. A. Golubov and J. Aarts,


Phys. Rev. Letts. 86, 2427 (2001).
[2] A. I. Buzdin, Rev. Mod. Phys. 77, 935 (2005).
[3] Y. M. Blanter and F. W. J. Hekking, Phys. Rev. B 69, 024525 (2004); M. Houzet and A. I. Buzdin,
Phys. Rev. B 76, 060504 (2007).
[4] M. A. Khasawneh, W. P. Pratt and N. O. Birge, Phys. Rev. B 80, 020506 (2009).
[5] J. W. A. Robinson, Z. H. Barber, and M. G. Blamire, Appl. Phys. Letts. 95, 192509 (2009).
SM-O-011

Superconducting states with mixed spin and time symmetries in intrinsic and hybrid structures
of ferromagnets and superconductors

P. GENTILE ,G. ANNUNZIATA, M. CUOCO, C. NOCE and A. ROMANO

Dipartimento di Fisica ``E. R. Caianiello'', Università di Salerno, I-84084 Fisciano (Salerno), ITALY
Laboratorio Regionale SuperMat, CNR-INFM, Baronissi (SA), ITALY
gentile@sa.infn.it

The problem of the interplay of ferromagnetic (FM) and superconducting (SC) long-range order in
intrinsic as well as in hybrid structures is nowadays attracting a lot of interest [1], due to the possibility it
offers to explore novel phenomena from a fundamental point of view, and also for its potential
technological applications in emerging fields such as spintronics [2].
The two orders come both from a spontaneous symmetry breaking: the SU(2) symmetry for the FM
order, and the U(1) symmetry in the case of conventional spin-singlet SC pairing. They are in principle
strongly competing. However, if SC pairing and spin polarization are assumed to be generated by
unconventional mechanisms, interesting physical aspects can arise due to the interplay of the orbital, spin
and spatial symmetry breaking. For instance, a coexisting state of singlet superconductivity and itinerant
ferromagnetism can be stabilized within a single carrier system, if the metallic ferromagnetism is driven by
a change in the relative mass of electrons with up and down spin polarization, rather than by a Stoner like
instability [3]. Moreover, new possibilities for the coexistence of FM and SC order, like a long-range
proximity effect in SC- FM junctions, arise when pairing time correlations lead to an odd-like frequency
dependence of the SC order parameter. Motivated by such considerations, we have investigated the
symmetry constraints that are required in intrinsic systems for the appearance of a SC component with
equal-spin pairing, even-parity and odd-frequency dependence. Looking at the case of mixed parity
nonunitary superconductors, we show that the leading mechanism for the formation of this unconventional
SC pairing is the coexistence of SC states with mixed spin symmetries.
When extra symmetries other than the U(1) gauge invariance are spontaneously or explicitly
broken, the superconducting state can undergo a complex evolution: indeed, time reversal symmetry
breaking can lead to inhomogeneous superconducting states and the removal of the crystal inversion
symmetry or the presence of interfaces are accompanied by different types of mixed parity pairing. Taking
into account these possibilities, we discuss the interplay of different symmetry breakings in artificial
materials made of SC and ferromagnetic or nonmagnetic subsystems. In particular, we discuss the
modifications induced on a SC spin-triplet chiral state by the simultaneous presence of a translational and
time symmetry breaking, explicitly introduced by the presence of an interface and a constant (internal or an
external) magnetic field. Then, concerning SC-FM heterostructures, we explore the effects of different
mechanisms that yield spin polarization in the ferromagnet. We analyze and compare the proximity
behaviour for a SC-FM junction assuming both conventional and unconventional pairing for the
superconductor and the possibility of having exchange splitting and spin dependent mass renormalization
of up and down spin bands for the itinerant ferromagnet [4]. Looking at the charge [5] and spin transport
through such a junction, we show that this system can be used as a probe of the mass-mismatch-driven
contribution to the polarization.

[1] A. I. Buzdin, Rev. Mod. Phys. 77, 935 (2005); F.S. Bergeret et al., Rev. Mod. Phys. 77, 1321 (2005).
[2] I. Ţutiš, J. Fabian and S. Das Sarma, Rev. Mod. Phys. 76, 323 (2004).
[3] M. Cuoco, P. Gentile, and C. Noce, Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 197003 (2003).
[4] M. Cuoco, A. Romano, C. Noce, P. Gentile, Phys. Rev. B 78, 054503 (2008).
[5] G. Annunziata, M. Cuoco, C. Noce, A. Romano, P. Gentile, Phys. Rev. B 80, 012503 (2009).
SM-O-012

Effective spin-flip scattering in diffusive superconducting proximity systems with


magnetic disorder

D.A. IVANOV 1, YA.V. FOMINOV 2, M.A. SKVORTSOV 2 and P.M. OSTROVSKY 3,2
1
Institute of Theoretical Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, SWITZERLAND
2
L.D. Landau Institute for Theoretical Physics RAS, 119334 Moscow, RUSSIA
3
Institut für Nanotechnologie, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, 76021 Karlsruhe, GERMANY
fominov@landau.ac.ru

We revisit the problem of diffusive proximity systems involving superconductors and normal
metals (or ferromagnets) with magnetic disorder. On the length scales much larger than its correlation
length, the effect of sufficiently weak magnetic disorder may be incorporated as a local spin-flip term
in the Usadel equations. We derive this spin-flip term in the general case of a three-dimensional
disordered Zeeman-type field with an arbitrary correlation length. Three different regimes may be
distinguished: pointlike impurities (the correlation length is shorter than the Fermi wavelength),
medium-range disorder (the correlation length between the Fermi wavelength and the mean free path),
and long-range disorder (the correlation length longer than the mean free path). We discuss the
relations between these three regimes by using the three overlapping approaches: the Usadel equations,
the non-linear sigma model, and the diagrammatic expansion. The expressions for the spin-flip rate
agree with the existing results obtained in less general situations.

[1] D.A. Ivanov, Ya.V. Fominov, M.A. Skvortsov and P.M. Ostrovsky, Phys. Rev. B 80, 134501
(2009).
SM-O-013

Experimental observation of the inverse proximity effect


in the superconductor / ferromagnet bilayer

YU.N. KHAYDUKOV 1, K.N. ZHERNENKOV 1,2, YU.V. NIKITENKO 1, B. NAGY 3,


L. BOTTYAN 3, R. STEITZ 4, A. TEICHERT 4, A. RÜHM 5 , J. STAHN 6 and V.L. AKSENOV 1
1
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, RUSSIA
2
Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, GERMANY
3
KFKI Research Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Budapest, HUNGARY
4
Helmholtz-Zentrum für Materialien und Energie, Berlin, GERMANY
5
Max-Planck-Institut für Metallforschung, Stuttgart, GERMANY
6
Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, SWITZERLAND
khaiduk@nf.jinr.ru

Penetration of the superconducting order parameter inside ferromagnet metal in


superconducting/ferromagnet (S/FM) heterostructures is classically called proximity effect. Theoretically
was also predicted inverse proximity effect - the appearance of the induced magnetization in S layer near
the S/FM interface. This effect is discussed in various theoretical works, where it is shown that the induced
magnetization can have both positive and negative sign to the magnetization in the FM layer [1-3].
a) 0.5

S FM
0.0
18
16

b)
(R -R )/(R + R )

-0.5 14
--

0.35 0.40 12
4M, kGs

T = 1,6K < TC
++

10
8
--

6
++

4 T = 5K
T = 5K > TC 2 T = 1.6K
0
-2 z, nm
0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 -4
-1
Q, nm 0 10 20 30 40 50 60

Fig. 1. a) - Experimental (dots) and model (solid lines) spin asymmetries at different temperatures. Shift of
oscillations is shown on the inset. b) – Magnetization profiles obtained by fitting of experimental data.

Here we present the first experimental observation of the inverse proximity effect. Polarized
neutron reflectometry was measured on the S/FM bilayer with composition V(40 nm)/Fe (1 nm). It is
shown in Fig. 1a that the oscillation of the normalized experimental neutron spin asymmetries, (R ++-R--
)/(R+++R--), where R++ and R- -are the neutron reflectivity of the up and down spin neutrons scattered into
the up and down spin state, respectively is unambiguously shifted at the superconducting transition
temperature (Tc=3.8 K) of the vanadium layer. Such a shift can only be explained by the appearance of a
new magnetic layer. In Fig. 1b the fitted magnetic profile is shown at temperatures below and above Tc. It
can be seen that the profile at T<Tc agrees qualitatively with those predicted by the theory [1,2].
Dependence of this effect on the temperature, external magnetic field and cooling regime (field cooling and
zero field cooling) is discussed in details.
This work was supported by grants RFBR (№ 09-02-00566), JINR-HAS (EAI-2009/002) and the
European Commission (RII3-CT-2003-505925 (NMI 3)).

[1] V.N. Krivoruchko and E.A. Koshina, Phys. Rev. B 66, 014521 (2002).
[2] F.S. Bergeret, A.F. Volkov and K.B. Efetov, Phys.Rev. B 69, 174504 (2004).
[3] F.S. Bergeret, A. Levy Yeyati and A. Martin-Rodero, Phys. Rev. B 72, 064524 (2005).
SM-O-014

Magnetic moment manipulation by a Josephson Current

A. BUZDIN

Institut Universitaire de France and University Bordeaux I, 351 cours de la Liberation,


33405, Talence, FRANCE
a.bouzdine@cpmoh.u-bordeau1.fr

Josephson junction where the weak link is formed by a noncentrosymmetric ferromagnet has very
interesting properties. The ground state of this junction is characterized by the finite phase difference
θ0, which is proportional to the strength of the spin-orbit interaction and the exchange field in the
normal metal. Such θ0- junction gives a direct coupling between the superconducting current and the
magnetic moment. The superconducting current may provoke the flip of the magnetic moment and the
ac Josephson effect generates a magnetic precession providing then a feedback to the current. The θ0-
junctions open interesting perspectives for the superconducting spintronics.
SUPERCONDUCTIVITY and MAGNETISM

POSTER PRESENTATION
SM-P-001

Point contact Andreev Reflection measurements on an exchange-biased spin valve

A. NAYLOR 1, G. BURNELL1 and B.J. HICKEY 2


1
Condensed Matter Physics Department, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
phy2an@leeds.ac.uk

Point contact Andreev reflection spectroscopy is an established technique for determining the
spin polarisation P of ferromagnetic samples. However it has already been shown that without
appropriate data analysis spurious values for P can be extracted [1]. In particular any additional
resistance in series with the point contact can distort the conductance data [2]. In a thin film sample the
series resistance is difficult to determine due to the poorly defined measurement geometry. However,
using a sample with a well-defined magneto-resistance allows an exact value for the series resistance
to be determined.
We present conductance spectra from a point contact between a superconducting Nb tip and an
exchange-biased spin valve. By measuring the magneto-resistance of the spin valve for each individual
point contact we are able to determine an exact value for the series resistance and remove it from the
conductance spectra. The spin valve system allows us to change the series resistance independently of
the contact itself, and thus we can directly investigate the effect on the spin polarisation extracted from
fits with the modified BTK model.
Accurate treatment of the series resistance is very important for point contact Andreev
measurements of spin polarisation, particularly for measurements on highly resistive samples.

[1] Y. Bugoslavsky et al, Phys. Rev. B. 71, 104523 (2005).


[2] G. T. Woods et al, Phys. Rev. B. 70, 054416 (2004).
SM-P-002

Influence of barrier width on values of spin polarization measured


by point contact Andreev Reflection

P. WÓJCIK 1,2, A. NAYLOR 2, B. J. SPISAK 1 and B. J. HICKEY 2


1
Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Science and
Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, POLAND
2
School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UNITED KINGDOM
pelekwojcik@gmail.com

Point Contact Andreev Reflection (PCAR) is a common technique for measuring spin
polarization [1]. Although it is a relatively simple process with no restriction on the sample geometry,
extracting the spin polarization from measured data requires systematic analysis. To extract spin
polarization from experimental data the modified BTK theory is used. This theory assumes delta Dirac
scattering potential at the interface between ferromagnet (FM) and superconductor (SC) , and neglects
interference effects at the boundary. Due to the interdependence of fit parameters in the modified BTK
model it can be difficult to obtain a unique value for spin polarization from a single conductance
spectra [2], particularly for samples with a low polarization.
In our presentation we assume a more realistic model. We have used the transfer matrix method
to analyze the influence of the width of the barrier between FM/SC on the shape of the conductance
curve. When the energy of the incident electron is greater than the height of the barrier we find that the
Andreev reflection probability oscillates as a function of the barrier width. Consequently we can obtain
a range of conductance curves for a single value of spin polarization as we vary the barrier width. The
extent to which the conductance curves vary depends on the spin polarization – the more spin
polarization we assume the smaller range of conductance curves we are able to obtain.
In the next step we used modified BTK theory to fit our theoretical curves for different width of
barrier and fixed values of spin polarization. The value of polarization extracted from the modified
BTK model varies significantly from the original value as the barrier width changes. This effect is
particularly strong for low values of polarization. Because we are not able to measure the width of the
barrier in experiments we believe that this factor could be responsible for ambiguous results, especially
for measuring low spin polarization.

[1] K. Upadhyay, A. Palanisami, R. N. Louie, and R. A. Buhrman, Phys. Rev. Lett. 81, 3247 (2008).
[2] G. T. Woods et al. Phys. Rev. B 70, 054416 (2004).
SM-P-003

Andreev reflection and granular superconductivity features observed in mesoscopic samples


using amorphous tungsten carbide superconductors

J. BARZOLA-QUIQUIA1, C. CHILIOTTE2, S. DUSARI1 AND P. ESQUINAZI1


1
Divsion of Superconductivity and Magnetism, University of Leipzig, D-04013 Leipzig, Germany
2
Departamento de Fisica, FCEyN, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Pabellon 1, Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires,
Argentina
j.barzola@physik.uni-leipzig.de, srujana@physik.uni-leipzig.de

Point-contact Andreev reflection and magnetoresistance measurements were done using


amorphous tungsten carbide (WCx) superconductors [1]. Superconducting tips as well as microwires
were grown directly on pre-patterned samples by decomposition of a metallo-organic vapour (tungsten
hexacarbonyl) under a focused Ga+-ion beam (FIB). Using e-beam lithography the electrical contacts
to the investigated WCx samples were later prepared using a special geometry. Current-voltage
measurements as a function of temperature and magnetic field clearly showed the signatures of
Andreev reflection. We observed anomalies in the differential conductivity at voltages above the
energy gap values. These anomalies can be well understood as due to a weak-link formation with
narrow band properties contributing in parallel at the interfaces of the contacts [2]. Furthermore, we
also observed Andreev oscillations as a function of magnetic field similar to those found recently in
specially prepared normal-superconducting-normal nanostructures [3] and multigraphene samples [4].
Our results highlight the possibilities, advantages and disadvantages of using FIB-produced amorphous
WCx tips for point-contact spectroscopy in metallic nanostructures.
In some of the structures we were able to produce interfaces in which the superconductivity
shows clear granular behavior in a certain temperature region. In this range the magnetoresistance
shows, for example, an anomalous field hysteresis compatible with the existence of granular
superconductivity [5], similar to that found also in thin graphite micrometer samples [4].

[1] Spoddig D, Schindler K, Rödiger P, Barzola-Quiquia J, Fritsch K, Mulders H and Esquinazi P


Nanotechnology 18, 495202–1–6 (2007)
[2] Garcıa N. and Esquinazi P. at arXiv:0903.2237
[3] Rödiger P, Garcia N. and Esquinazi P., J Supercond Nov Magn 22, 331-335 (2009).
[4] Esquinazi P et al., Phys. Rev. B 78, 134516 (2008)
[5] Ji L, Rzchowski S, Anand N, and Tinkham M., Phys. Rev. B 47, 470 (1993).
SM-P-004

Matching effects and hysteretic response in superconducting films with


arrays of magnetic nanodots

C. CHILIOTTE 1, V. BEKERIS 1,2, G. PASQUINI1,2 , C.-P. LI 3, F. CASANOVA 3, J. E. VILLEGAS3


and I. K. SCHULLER 3
1
Departamento de Física, FCEyN, Universidad de Buenos Aires, ARGENTINA
2
IFIBA, CONICET, ARGENTINA
3
Physics Department, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla California 92093-0319, USA.
vbekeris@df.uba.ar

We explore commensurate vortex pinning effects in superconducting Nb thin films, deposited


on triangular arrays of magnetic Fe nanodots. Artificial pinning is dominated by magnetic interactions,
since the superconducting film was electrically isolated from the dots avoiding proximity effects.
Matching and hysteresis in the field dependence of ac susceptibility, ac(H), is examined for
different initial magnetic state of dots. Robust matching effects are observed in a wide temperature
range, and we find a cross over temperature T* above which vortex mobility becomes reversible,
indicating that hysteretical response is not related to the magnetic hysteresis of dots but to pinning by
random defects in the film. This result is confirmed by similar observations in a porous Nb sample.
However, the absence of hysteresis in ac(H) in the Nb control film, shows that random pinning of
interstitial vortices and the periodic artificial pinning potential are both relevant in the observed
hysteretical low temperature behavior.
SM-P-005

Effect of magnetic ordering of HoNi5 on superconducting transition of


NbN in NbN-HoNi5 bilayers

GYANENDRA SINGH, P.C. JOSHI and R.C. BUDHANI

Condensed Matter – Low Dimensional Systems Laboratory, Department of Physics


Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, INDIA
gnsingh@iitk.ac.in

A ferromagnetically (FM) ordered film in intimate contact with a superconducting (SC) layer
changes the number density and dynamics of Cooper pairs and vortices in the latter in a non-trivial
manner. A large number of fascinating effects such as breaking of time reversal symmetry of the (SC)
order parameter, interface driven singlet-triplet conversion, de Gennes effect, field enhanced
superconductivity and vortex pinning etc. are seen in such systems [1-5]. In most of the studies carried
out till date on superconductor-ferromagnet hybrids, the FM order sets in at a temperature (TCurie)
higher than the transition temperature (Tc) of the superconductor and thus the nucleation of the SC
state is subjected to a robust exchange field of the ferromagnet. A much more powerful option to
delineate the role of magnetism in altering the SC state of a bilayer is provided by a ferromagnet
whose TCurie is lower than the Tc of the superconductor. The onset of magnetic order should then
reflect itself as a discontinuous change in the response parameters of the SC state. Here we have
synthesized thin films of superconducting NbN (Bulk Tc ~ 16 K) with different thicknesses on a layer
of HoNi5 which is a highly anisotropic ferromagnet with TCurie ~ 5.5 K. The magnetic field dependence
resistance R(H) shows a striking peak effect in the FM state of the HoNi5. We will present results of a
detailed study of superconducting transition, critical current density and flux flow resistivity as a
function of temperature and magnetic field.

*This research has been supported by grants from the Department of Information Technology
and the Board for Research in Nuclear Sciences, Government of India.

[1] Y. A. Izyumov, Y. N. Proshin, and M. G. Khusainov, Phys. Usp. 45, 109 (2002).
[2] F. S. Bergeret, A. F. Volko, and K. B. Efetov, Rev. Mod. Phys. 77, 1321 (2005).
[3] P. G. de Gennes, Phys. Lett. 23, 10 (1966).
[4] I. F. Lyuksyutov and V. L. Pokrovsky, Adv. Phys. 54, 67 (2005).
[5] M. Vélez, J. I. Martn, J. E. Villegas, A. Hoffmann, E. M. González, J. L. Vicent, Ivan K. Schuller,
J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 320, 2547 (2008).
SM-P-006

Crossed Andreev Reflection in nanoscale ferromagnet-superconductor devices

J. WEBB, B. J. HICKEY and G. BURNELL

School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK


pyjlw@leeds.ac.uk

Andreev reflection (AR) is a charge transfer process occurring at a normal metal -


superconductor interface whereby an incident electron (hole) of energy less than the superconducting
gap may be converted to supercurrent with reflection of a hole (electron) of opposite momentum and
spin. Recent interest has focused on nonlocal or crossed Andreev reflection (CAR) in a nanoscale
device consisting of two normal metal leads contacting a superconductor with lateral spatial separation
of the order of the superconducting coherence length. CAR presents a possible source of solid state
quantum entanglement, via the reflection of a hole (electron) produced by AR of an electron (hole) at
one N/S junction at the second, forming an entangled Andreev pair and equivalent to transmission of
two opposite spin quasiparticles into the separate leads. By use of ferromagnetic leads strongly spin
dependent CAR and competing elastic cotunneling (EC) in addition to a lateral spin valve effect may
be controlled in a practical device. Based on design studies, micromagnetic simulation and computer
modeling we have fabricated and measured such nanoscale devices, consisting Py or Fe elements
fabricated by electron beam lithography patternign and resist-shadowed DC magnetron sputtering in
point contact with an Al superconducting electrode. These devices were cooled to 50-300mK using an
adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator to detect nonlocal voltages characteristic of CAR and
differentiable under applied magnetic field from competing EC. Here we present our ongoing results.
SM-P-007

Pure spin current injection into a superconducting wire

K. OHNISHI1, T. KIMURA2 and Y. OTANI1,3


1
Institute for Solid State Physics, University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, JAPAN
2
Inamori FRC, Kyushu Universityte, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, Fukuoka 819-0395, JAPAN
3
RIKEN ASI, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
kohnishi@issp.u-tokyo.ac.jp

Recently, spin-dependent transport properties in ferromagnetic metal and superconductor hybrid


systems have been investigated intensively. Theoretical studies on the spin transport in superconductor
predict the intriguing phenomena such as the non-linearity and the control of superconductivity that may
lead to superconductive spintronic devices. A few experiments focusing on the spin relaxation phenomena
have been reported. However all the experiments were performed by means of local spin-current-injection
technique in which the local charge current for spin current injection may produce undesirable effects, such
as quench or suppression of the superconductivity due to heating, quasi-particle accumulations, and so on.
To avoid such effects, we performed the experiments by means of non-local spin current injection in lateral
multi-terminal structures.
The measured devices were fabricated by the three-angle shadow evaporation techniques, in which
Py (Ni81Fe19), Cu and Nb were respectively used as ferromagnetic metal, normal metal and superconductor.
As shown in Fig. 1, the fabricated device consists of a lateral spin valve structure with the inserted Nb wire
and a superconductor/normal metal/superconductor (SNS) Josephson junction. The current through the
Py/Cu interface induces a pure spin current in the Cu wire, which is detected as a spin signal by the other
Py wire. The induced pure spin current is injected into the Nb wire inserted between two Py wires by the
spin current absorption phenomena. The spin valve structure allows us to estimate the efficiency of the
pure spin current injection by comparing the spin signals with and without the inserted Nb wire.
Figure 2 shows the result of the spin valve measurement with and without the inserted
superconducting Nb wire at a low temperature. As seen in the figure, the spin signal was significantly
reduced. The reduction of the spin signal indicates the pure spin current absorption into the Nb wire. For
more precise investigation, we compared the spin signals in normal and superconducting states and
investigate the property of the Nb/Cu interface under the pure spin current injection by measuring the
supercurrent in the SNS Josephson junction. These experiments revealed that the pure spin current was
injected through the superconductive interface and the efficiency of the pure spin current injection in a
superconducting state was only slightly different from that in a normal state.

-1
Non-local Resistance

500 nm
Py

-2
(m  )

Cu

-3

Nb
-1 0 1
Josephson junction
Magnetic Field (kOe)
spin valve structure
Fig.1. Scanning electron microscope image of the Fig.2. Non-lcoal resistance of the spn valve
fabricated device. measurement in a superconducting state. Black and
gray lines respectively correspond to non-local
resistances with and without the inserted Nb wire.
SM-P-008

Effect of the frozen magnetic flux on the electrical transport characteristics of superconductor-
ferromagnet junction

S. R. BAKAUL1,2, B. WU1,2 , G. HAN2 and Y. WU1


1
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117576, SINGAPORE
2
Data Storage Institute, DSI Building, 5 Engineering Drive 1, 117608 SINGAPORE
elewuyh@nus.edu.sg & saidur@nus.edu.sg

We study electrical transport characteristics of lateral superconductor (SC)- ferromagnet (FM)-


superconductor devices where FM is a circular dot with 1 µm diameter and 30 nm thickness. Nb and NiFe
were used as SC and FM materials. The FM dot was fabricated first and then two Nb electrodes with a gap
of 150 nm, width of 2 µm and thickness of 90 nm were fabricated. We performed low temperature four
probe differential resistance (dV/dI) measurements by using a small ac current (0.2 µA to 5 µA amplitude
and 991 hz frequency) superimposed on dc bias current and standard lock-in technique. An external
magnetic field was applied in plane and along the path of current flow. The superconducting transition
temperatures (Tc) of these devices were found to vary in the range of 5.1 K to 5.7 K. Figure 1 (a) shows the
dV/dI characteristic of one sample at 1.4 K. The device exhibits two strikingly different dV/dI curve shapes
at zero field which we name as state 1 and state 2. State 1 is the most stable state and upon applying
magnetic field it often switches abruptly to state 2. This state continues to exist even after the field is
switched off. However, an increase in the ambient temperature switches the dV/dI shape back to state 1.
Above Tc we did not observe any change in dV/dI shape which indicates that the state change is associated
to the superconductivity.The key difference between the two states is that the critical current (I c) is
dramatically lower in state 2 than that in state1. This suggests the presence of frozen magnetic flux [1] in
Nb which affects the Andreev reflection [2] process at SC-FM interface. As a consequence,at 1.4 K the
zero bias resistance in state 2 was found about 0.15 Ohm higher than that in state 1. The magnetoresistance
(MR) curves at different dc current bias (figure 1 b) are nonhysteretic when the dV/dI curve is in state 1. In
contrary to this, MR curves at state 2 show a pronounced hysteresis at high bias current (figure 1 c). These
effects indicate a coupling between applied field and frozen flux, which affects the transport characteristics
of S-F interface.
30
State 1 50
I+ I- State 1 -0.7 State 2 -0.32
State 2
V+ V- 40 -0.48
dV/dI ()

25
40 -0.24
dV/dI ()

dV/dI ()

-0.4
-0.15
20
30
30
-0.2
-0.1
0 mA
20 20 0 mA
-0.6 -0.3 0.0 0.3 0.6
Bias current (mA) -2 -1 0 1 2 -2 -1 0 1 2
(a) Magnetic Field (T) Magnetic Field (T)
(b) (c)
Fig. 1. (a) dV/dI at zero field and schematic of the device, (b) MR in state 1, and (c) MR in state 2 at
different current bias. Open and full squares represent forward and backward sweep of the field. The MR
curves are shifted vertically for clarity

[1] B.D. Cullity and C. D. Graham, Introduction to Magnetic Materials (IEEE Press, 2009) p 520.
[2] A. F. Andreev, Sov. Phys. JETP 19, 1228 (1964).
SM-P-009

Stimulation of superconductivity in submolecular structures with weak josephson junction

V.E. GRISHIN 1 and L. A. MURAVEY 2


1
Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, AUSTRALIA
2
RSTU, RUSSIA
jefunr@hotmail.com

Electromagnetic and superconducting properties are considered in superconducting layers


separated by interlayer with the thickness of the oxide layer 10-20A (the so-called multilayer lattices
of (S-D-S) n-type). In particular, the phenomenon of stimulation of superconductivity is expounded
and specific dependence on the number of oxide evaporated layers and their thickness is obtained. The
Josephson array defectivity is considered with the frustration parameter. The number of states in these
models shows a wide variety of critical behavior as a function of the frustration f (0<f<1). The
characteristics defined densities of electronic states of superconducting and normal-metal layers in S/N
superlattice are presented. It is clear that even with the constant interaction conservation between the
nearest layers, which in the same for all the layers, the frustration introduction over the layers result in
a hysteresis in Tc (n) , i.e., in the irreversibility phenomena so characteristic of high-temperature
superconductors. The connection of this result with tunneling spectra of high-Tc superconductors such
as YBa2Cu3O7-, (YBCO) thin films deposited on LaAlO3 substrates is observed.

The authors thank Dr. T. McMinn for useful discussions.

[1] V. E. Grishin , L.A.Muravey. Microwave radiation features of dissipative lattice. Journal of


Physics D: Applied Physics. Submitted in the 2009 .
[2] V. E. Grishin and M. A. Pinsky. ―Exact Solution Approach in Analysis of Resonance Properties of
Two-Dimensional Dissipative Josephson Lattice‖, Journal of Supercond. V.8, N 2, p.p.247-258
(1995).
SM-P-010

Triplet superconductivity induced in ferromagnetic CrO2

M.S. ANWAR and J. AARTS

Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory, Leiden Institute of Physics, P. O. Box 9504, 2300RA Leiden, THE NETHERLANDS
anwar@physics.leidenuniv.nl

It has been predicted that long range triplet superconducting correlations can be induced by a
conventional s-wave superconductor in a halfmetallic ferromagnet when the right kind of spin active
interface is present. Only one such experiment where triplets might be present was reported [1] with
NbTiN superconducting contacts on thin films of CrO2 (a halfmetallic ferromagnet), grown on TiO2
substrates.
Recently we have grown films of CrO2 on sapphire substrates. Using superconducting contacts
of amorphous MoGe, we observed a clear supercurrent over a 1 µm gap. Upon applying an in-plane
field perpendicular to the current direction, the critical current Ic increased 10 % up to a maximum at
80 mT before decreasing again, showing the effect to be robust and indicative of induced triplet
superconductivity.
Apart from giving this main result, we demonstrate the differences between the morphology
and magnetic properties of CrO2 grown on TiO2 or on sapphire. In the case of TiO2 the films consist of
rectangular crystallites which, depending on substrate condition and film thickness, can have uniaxial
or biaxial magnetic anisotropy. On sapphire substrates, CrO2 crystallites grow with the six-fold
rotational symmetry of the substrate, leading to a six-fold symmetry for the magnetization easy axis.
We discuss possible implications of these differences for the generation of triplet correlations.

[1] R. S. Keizer, S. T. B. Goennenwein1, T. M. Klapwijk, G. Miao, G. Xiao and A. Gupta, Nature,


439, 825 (2006).
SM-P-011

Quantum oscillations and the effect of spin fluctuations on the ground state of a frustrated
antiferromagnetic metal

A.I. COLDEA 1, A. MCCOLLAM 2, R. COLDEA 3,


M. D. JOHANNES 4, I. I. MAZIN 4 and M. JANSEN 5
1
H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TL, U.K.
2
Radboud University Nijmegen,High Field Magnet Laboratory, Faculty of Science,
6500 GL Nijmegen, THE NETHERLANDS
3
Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PU U.K.
4
Code 6393, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C. 20375, USA
5
Max-Planck-Institut fur Festkorperforschung, Heisenbergstr. 1, 70569 Stuttgart, GERMANY
amalia.coldea@bristol.ac.uk

We present quantum oscillations obtained using torque measurements in high magnetic fields
(45T) and low temperatures (0.3K) in a frustrated antiferromagnetic metal, 2H-AgNiO2. In this system
the localized d electrons are arranged on an antiferromagnetic triangular lattice nested inside a
honeycomb lattice with itinerant d electrons [1]. When the magnetic field is along the easy axis we
observe a cascade of field-induced transitions, attributed to the competition between easy-axis
anisotropy, geometrical frustration and coupling of the localized and itinerant system. The quantum
oscillations data suggest that the Fermi surface is reconstructed by the magnetic order but in high fields
magnetic breakdown orbits are possible. The itinerant electrons are extremely sensitive to scattering by
spin fluctuations and a significant mass enhancement (~3) is found [2]. I will discuss the role of local
and itinerant electrons in stabilizing the ground state and whether this system could provide essential
ingredients for supporting superconductivity by doping. A comparison with the parent compounds of
iron pnictides will be made.
[1] E. Wawrzynska, et al ., Phy. Rev. Lett., 99 157204 (2007).
[2] A. I. Coldea et al ., arXiv:0908.4169 (2009).
b)

c)

a)

Figure 1. Phase diagram in magnetic


field of 2H-AgNiO2. b) Torque data at
0.5K and c) the proposed localized and
itinerant sites in 2H-AgNiO2 .
ELECTRONIC APPLICATIONS

INVITED TALKS
ELA-I-001

Unusual Cooper pairs in superconducting proximity structures

Y. ASANO

Department of Applied Physics, Hokkaido University, Sapporo060-8628, JAPAN


asano@eng.hokudai.ac.jp

A Cooper pair in a usual metallic superconductor is characterized by s-wave spin-singlet


symmetry. Because an electron obeys the Fermi-Dirac statistics, the pairing function must be
antisymmetric under interchanging of two electrons. The recent studies have been discussed unusual
pairing symmetry in a ferromagnet attached to such metallic superconductor. In the presence of spin-
flip scatterings at the junction interface, a spin-triplet s-wave pair can penetrate into a ferromagnet.
Since both spin and orbital parts are symmetric under interchanging of two electrons, the Cooper pair
has unusual symmetry, so called odd-frequency symmetry [1]. The odd-frequency pairing symmetry
means that the pairing function is antisymmetric under interchanging the time degree of freedom of
two electrons. The odd-frequency equal-spin-triplet s-wave pairs carry the Josephson current through a
half-metallic ferromagnet[2-4]. Theoretical studies have shown that the penetration of odd-frequency
pairs enhances the quasiparticle density of states at the Fermi level of a half-metal. Such drastic effect
would be confirmed in experiments near future.
We also propose alternative way to produce the odd-frequency pairs in proximity structures of
spin-triplet superconductors such as Sr2RuO4 and UPt3. In such unconventional superconductors, a
Cooper pair is characterized by even-frequency spin-triplet odd-parity (p-wave) symmetry. The orbital
part of pairing function is antisymmetric under interchanging of two electrons. When such Cooper
pairs penetrate into a normal metal, the orbital part changes its symmetry from the p-wave to s-wave
symmetry due to impurity scatterings. As a consequence, Cooper pairs acquire the odd-frequency
symmetry according to the Fermi statistics [5]. The presence of odd-frequency pairs causes a large
peak in quasiparticle DOS in a normal metal, which leads to unusual response of the proximity
structure to electromagnetic field [6-7].
In the presentation, we will discuss the symmetry classification of Cooper pairs in
superconducting proximity structures, role of ferromagnets in producing odd-frequency pairs, and
resulting phenomena of odd-frequency pairs.

[1] F.S.Bergeret, A.F.Volkov, and K.B.Efetov, PRL 86, 4096 (2001); RMP 77, 1321 (2005).
[2] R.S.Keizer, S.T.B.Goennenwein, T.M.Klapwijk, G.Miao, G.Xiao, A.Gupta, Nature 439, 825
(2006).
[3] Y.Asano, Y.Tanaka, and A.A.Golubov, PRL 98, 107002 (2007); PRB 76, 224525 (2007).
[4] V.Braude and Yu.V.Nazarov, PRL. 98, 077003 (2007).
[5] M.Eschrig and T.Lofwander, Nature Physics 4, 138 (2008).
[6] Y.Tanaka and A.A.Golubov, PRL 98, 037003 (2007).
[7] Y.Asano, Y.Tanaka, and S.Kashiyawa, PRL96, 097007 (2006).
[8] Y.Asano, Y.Tanaka, A.A.Golubov, and S.Kashiwaya, PRL 99, 067005 (2007); and in preparation.
ELA-I-002

The ICRN product in intrinsic josephson junctions of Bi2S2CaCu2O8+ mesas

JOHN F. ZASADZINSKI1,2, C. KURTER3, L. OZYUZER4 and K.E. GRAY2


1
Illinois Institute of Technology, USA
2
Argonne National Laboratory, USA
3
University of Maryland, USA
4
Izmir Institute of Technology, TURKEY

In conventional s-wave superconductors the product of the maximum Josephson current, IC,
and the normal state resistance, RN, of a tunnel junction is linked to the quasiparticle gap. The A-G
expression, ICRN = /2, has been derived assuming incoherent tunneling and it has been verified
experimentally. For high Tc cuprates no equivalent expression has been established either
theoretically or experimentally, despite more than 20 years of investigation. We present an overview
of the ICRN product in intrinsic Josephson junctions on Bi2212 mesas. Recent improvements which
minimize self-heating of the mesas lead to ICRN values that are nearly 30% of the quasiparticle gap, ,
which has been measured independently. These are among the highest values to date. We also discuss
critical issues regarding the determination of RN.
ELA-I-003

Novel features of vortex motion in Bi-2212 intrinsic Josephson junctions affected


by resonance effects

KENSUKE NAKAJIMA, MASAHIRO ISOBE, TAKASHI CHIBA and HIRONOBU YAMADA

Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamagata University, 4-3-16, Jonan, Yonezawa, 992-8510, JAPAN
nakajima@yz.yamagata-u.ac.jp

Since the discovery of intrinsic Josephson effect of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+y (Bi-2212) superconductor,


a number of studies have been dedicated to RF emission from the intrinsic Josephson junction (IJJ)
made of a very small piece of Bi-2212 single crystals. Very recently, a prospective result of THz
emission from Bi-2212 IJJ caused by the excitation of the coherent electromagnetic wave due to the
junction cavity resonance has been reported. We have been studying vortex dynamics of Bi-2212 IJJ
aiming at THz flux-flow emission from the junction. Although the highest speed mode of
electromagnetic wave propagating in the junctions is essential for the effective flux-flow emission, all
the results to date show vortex motion velocity-matched to lower speed modes.
In this report, we show novel features of vortex motion in Bi-2212 IJJ possibly due to external
and internal resonance effect on the vortex dynamics. Experiments were carried out on quasi-one-
dimensionally long Bi-2212 IJJ integrated with a strip line resonator fabricated by a standard photo
lithography for the junction followed by a focused ion etching for the resonator. The strip line
resonator developed remarkable changes in flux-flow branches resembling an external cavity
resonance effect[1-3]. Internal resonance effect bear a striking resemblance to the Fiske mode
resonance in ordinary SIS junction. Those resonance features will be discussed in terms of the coherent
mode excitation that is essential for the flux-flow emission.

[1] R. Kleiner et al, Phys. Rev. B, 49, 12327 (1994).


[2] K. Nakajima et al, Physica C, 468, 660 (2008).
[3] G. Filatrella et al., Physica C 408–410, 560–561 (2004).
ELA-I-004

Frequency dependence of spectral features in terahertz wave emitting Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+d mesas

L. OZYUZER1, Y. SIMSEK2, H. KOSEOGLU1, F. TURKOGLU1, Y. DEMIRHAN1, Z. MERIC1,


C. KURTER3, U. WELP3, K. E. GRAY3 , T. YAMAMOTO4, K. KADOWAKI4
Y. KOVAL2, H.B. WANG5 and P. MULLER2
1
Department of Physics, Izmir Institute of Technology, Urla 35430, Izmir, TURKEY
2
Phys. Inst. III, University of Erlangen-Nurnberg, GERMANY
3
Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Illinois, USA
4
University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, JAPAN
5
National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, JAPAN
ozyuzer@iyte.edu.tr

Josephson Junctions are the simplest voltage to high frequency converters which can be used as
a solid state source of terahertz radiation. Since terahertz waves is an important tool across the
physical, chemical and biological sciences, the search is continuing for reliable coherent, continuous,
tunable and compact solid-state sources. Although Josephson junctions are potential candidate, the
mechanism of powerful terahertz emission from intrinsic Josephson junctions of layered high
temperature superconductor Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+d (Bi2212) mesas is still unresolved. It is shown that the
emission frequency is related to mesa width which implies cavity resonance. On the other hand, how
synchronization establishes between layers has to be determined. Large area mesas ranging from
100x300 to 40x300 um2 with various heights were formed on Bi2212. Current-voltage (I-V) and THz
emission characteristics were obtained at various temperatures. Detailed examination of I-V curves
indicated that there are messenger bumps in return branch just before the THz emission. These
spectral features are more robust in low frequency mesas. Furthermore, the spectral features in I-V
curves were investigated to find a correlation between emission frequency and feature energy. Recent
THz experiments on mesas with various geometries and fabrication techniques will also be discussed.

*This research is partially supported by TUBITAK (Scientific and Technical Research Council
of Turkey) project number 108T238. L.O. acknowledges support from Alexander von Humboldt
Foundation.
ELA-I-005

THz radiation due to fluxon dynamics in stacked Josephson junctions

N.F. PEDERSEN

Department Elektro - DTU, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Lyngby, DENMARK


nfp@elektro.dtu.dk

Ever since the Josephson junction was discovered, the possibility of generating high frequency
radiation has been considered. Recently emission of electromagnetic radiation from BSCCO samples
at THz frequencies has been reported. Such radiation could have many applications, for example as a
local oscillator in an integrated receiver, a spectrometer, an imaging device etc. The stack of
inductively coupled long Josephson junctions is modeled as a system of coupled sine-Gordon
equations. The key point for oscillator performance is to have in-phase coherent motion of fluxons in
the different Josephson junctions in the stack. This may be obtained by having all the junctions in the
stack interacting with each other as well as with a cavity. The fluxon dynamics is very non-linear, and
numerical simulations are usually needed. In a few cases analytical results have provided a new insight
in this complicated non-linear system. The role of a negative differential resistance for the radiation
emission will be discussed.
ELA-I-006

Intrinsic Josephson junctions: Bridging the gap between underdamped


and overdamped dynamics

P. A. WARBURTON1, J. C. FENTON1, S. SALEEM1, J. LEINER1, T. YAMAMOTO2,


K.KADOWAKI2, M. KORSAH3, S. SPELLER3 and C. R. M. GROVENOR3
1
London Centre for Nanotechnology, UCL, London, UK
2
Institute of Materials Science, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, JAPAN
3
Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
p.warburton@ee.ucl.ac.uk

In the high-temperature superconductors Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8 and Tl2Ba2CaCu2O8 the c-axis


coherence length (~ 2 Ǻ) is less than the separation of adajacent cuprate double-planes (~ 15 Ǻ).
Hence adjacent cuprate double-planes are intrinsically Josephson-coupled. When the bias current flows
perpendicular to the planes, the resulting d.c. current-voltage characteristics resemble those of an array
of underdamped Josephson junctions.
I will discuss our experiments on sub-micron-scale intrinsic Josephson junctions using
Tl2Ba2CaCu2O8 thin films and Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8 single crystals. In addition to observing several well-
known Josephson phenomena we have observed a number of effects related to the fact that the
dynamics of the intrinsic junctions at the plasma frequency are moderately damped (Q ~ 8) – i.e.
falling between the well-understood underdamped and overdamped regimes. This results in a number
of counter-intuitive experimental observations including a suppression of thermal fluctuations as the
temperature is increased and a shift of the skewness of the switching current distributions from
negative at low temperatures to positive at high temperatures. Simulations of the dynamics confirm
that these phenomena result from repeated (~103) phase slips as the junction undergoes a transition
from the zero-voltage state to the running state [1].
We further show by both experiment and simulation that increased dissipation counter-
intuitively increases the supercurrent in the moderate damping regime. This leads to the anomalous
switching order often observed in arrays of intrinsic junctions [2]. I will also describe our experiments
to measure the radio-frequency impedance of individual junctions in a Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8 intrinsic
junction array [3]. This impedance ultimately determines Q and hence the dynamical behaviour of the
junction array.

[1] J. C. Fenton and P. A. Warburton, ―Monte Carlo simulations of thermal fluctuations in moderately
damped Josephson junctions: Multiple escape and retrapping, switching- and return-current
distributions and hysteresis‖, Phys. Rev. B 78 054526 (2008).
[2] P. A. Warburton et al. ―Dissipative enhancement of the supercurrent in Tl2Ba2CaCu2O8 intrinsic
Josephson junctions‖ Physical Review Letters 103 217002 (2009).
[3] J. Leiner, et al. ―The Radio-Frequency Impedance of Individual Intrinsic Josephson Junctions‖,
Appl. Phys. Lett. 95 252505 (2009).
ELA-I-007

Tuning superconductivity by carrier injection

P. MULLER1,Y. KOVAL1, X. Y. JIN1, C. BERGMANN1, Y. SIMSEK1, L. OZYUZER1,


H. B. WANG2, G. BEHR3 and B. BUCHNER3
1
Department of Physics and Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg,
GERMANY
2
National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba 3050047, JAPAN
3
Institute for Solid State Research, IFW-Dresden, PO Box 270116, 01171 Dresden, GERMANY
phm@physik.uni-erlangen.de

In layered high-temperature superconductors, like Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+, superconductivity is


controlled by carrier doping of the conducting planes. Usually this is achieved by a non-stoichiometric
composition. Normally, current flow inside superconductors is never expected to be able to change the
material itself. However, we were able to show that by extensive current injection along the c-axis the
superconducting properties of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+ can be changed effectively and reversibly. By
injecting current perpendicular to the planes, we show that critical temperature, c-axis resistivity and
critical current of intrinsic Josephson junctions can be tuned in a large range from underdoping to
extreme overdoping. Apparently, the insulating layers are charged by injected carriers, and work as a
floating gate. The result is hole doping of the conducting layers. This flash memory concept seems to
be a general property of layered materials where the insulating charge reservoir layers are separated
from the conducting planes.
ELA-I-008

Low-temperature scanning laser microscopy of intrinsic Josephson junctions

S. GUÇNON1, H. B. WANG2, B. GROß1, M. GRÜNZWEIG1, A. IISHI2, S. ARISAWA2,


T. HATANO2, T. YAMASHITA2, D. KOELLE1 and R. KLEINER1
1
Physikalisches Institut & Center for Collective Quantum Phenomena, Universitaet Tuebingen, GERMANY
2
National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba3050047, JAPAN
stefan.guenon@uni-tuebingen.de

Motivated by the discovery of coherent Terahertz emission in large sized stacks of


Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8 intrinsic Josephson junctions [1] we used low-temperature scanning laser microscopy
(LTSLM) to image the electric field distribution in mesa structures patterned on top of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8
single crystals [2]. In LTSLM a focused laser beam at position (x, y) on the sample surface locally
warms up an area of about a few μm2. The locally well defined beam-induced temperature profile
changes the electrical properties of the system, which in turn leads to a voltage change ΔV(x, y)
measured globally across the sample. Using this technique we were able to image standing wave
patterns in a bias regime comparable to [1]. For high bias currents we have discovered the emergence
of a hot spot, which was in addition associated by a standing wave pattern.

[1] L. Ozyuzer et al., Science 318, 1291 (2007).


[2] H. B. Wang, S. Guénon et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 0l17006 (2009).
ELA-I-009

Coherent phenomena in high critical temperature superconductor nano-structures

FRANCESCO TAFURI

CNR- SPIN and Seconda Università di Napoli, ITALY


tafuri@na.infn.it

Experiments on Macroscopic Quantum (MQ) effects in high critical temperature


superconductor (HTS) junctions represent a significant step toward a Josephson platform, where
important device functionalities are not anymore precluded to HTS junctions. The expected intrinsic
limits due to dissipation and to still not completely identified low energy quasi-particles have now to
be reconsidered. This is part of the more general problem of coherence in strongly correlated systems,
where the study of transport properties in nano-structures can play a very relevant role. Sub-micron
and nano-structures are also the tool to further reduce the gap in performances between low critical
temperature (LTS) and HTS junctions. Size reduction could further decrease the influence of artifacts
in the barrier microstructure on the junction characteristics, allowing the realization of more
predictable devices.
We will report on different approaches, top-down and ―self-assembling‖ bottom-up, which
have been employed to achieve YBaCuO nano-junctions, nano-rings and nano-channels of different
HTS compounds down to 60 nm. Macroscopic and mesoscopic quantum phenomena have been
observed, along with intriguing effects associated to the peculiar scaling lengths of HTS systems.
Results encourage the integration of HTS nanostructures in quantum circuits and further advances in
designing nanoscale experiments on sizes closer to the HTS characteristic lengths, where standard
issues of coherence might be subtly combined with the still unknown nature of HTS.

Work in collaboration with: A. Barone, T. Bauch, F. Beltram, F. Carillo, K. Cedergren,


F.Lombardi, G. Papari, D. Stornaiuolo, A. Tagliacozzo.
ELA-I-010

Dispersive magnetometry with a noiseless SQUID parametric amplifier

M. HATRIDGE1, R. VIJAY2, D. H. SLICHTER2, JOHN CLARKE1 and I. SIDDIQI2


1
Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 and Materials Sciences Division,
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
2
Quantum Nanoelectronics Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
irfan@berkeley.edu

Superconducting circuits employing the Josephson junction as a nonlinear element can be used
to measure current, voltage, and magnetic flux with near quantum limited sensitivity. Currently, there
is great interest, both fundamental and technological, to measure and manipulate nanoscale magnets,
particularly in the quantum coherent regime. In this letter, we demonstrate a dispersive magnetometer
consisting of a nonlinear resonator formed by a single, unshunted two junction SQUID in parallel with
an on-chip capacitor. An input flux signal is encoded as a phase modulation of a microwave pump tone
applied to the magnetometer and generates a voltage signal in which all the information is contained in
a single quadrature. For sufficiently strong microwave drive power, the nonlinearity of the resonator
results in phase sensitive parametric amplification of the voltage signal with zero added noise. This
mode of operation avoids the dissipation and backaction of a conventional dc SQUID biased in the
voltage state. We obtain an effective flux noise of 0.14 μΦ0Hz-1/2 with 400 kHz bandwidth,
corresponding to 32 dB of parametric gain at f=5.56 GHz and an added noise of no greater than 0.14
photons. By reducing the parametric gain to 15 dB, we can increase the bandwidth to 20 MHz with an
effective flux noise of 0.29 μΦ0Hz-1/2. The parametric gain observed is sufficiently high so that the
system noise temperature observed Tsys  1/2hf, the quantum fluctuations of the input signal. These
results are in quantitative agreement with our theoretical model which provides a route to application
specific performance optimization and provides insight on the fundamental and practical limitations of
a single stage dispersive dc SQUID.
ELA-I-011

HTS devices at the nanoscale

D. GUSTAFSSON, T. BAUCH and F. LOMBARDI

Mc2- Quantum Device physics Laboratory, Chalmers University, SE-41236, Göteborg, SWEDEN
floriana.lombardi@chalmers.se

In High critical Temperature Superconductors (HTS), low energy quasiparticles are an intrinsic
property of the material and are present even at zero temperature. This is a direct consequence of the d-
wave symmetry of the order parameter. HTS Josephson junctions are therefore considered intrinsically
dissipative. The detection of Macroscopic quantum phenomena in Josephson junctions [1] points
therefore towards a redefinition of the role of quasiparticles and to the possible existence of a
subdominant imaginary order parameter component leading, at low temperature, to a full gapped
superconductor.
Here we report on our recent progress on the realization of HTS devices at the nanoscale. We
have fabricated and measured all HTS Single Electron tunneling Transistor (SET). A superconducting
SET can be used as a spectroscopic to reveal the existence a full gap in the exitation spectra of HTS,
by studying the gate response of the device.
The HTS SETs consist of anYBa2Cu3 O7-x (YBCO) island connected to two submicron
biepitaxial Josephson junctions. The junctions are realized on an MgO (110) substrate partially
covered by a thin seed layer of (110) STO. On the STO the YBCO film grows (103) oriented while on
the MgO the growth is c-axis. In these junctions because of the transport in the c-axis direction, in one
of the electrodes, we can reach normal resistance much higher than the quantum resistance. Moreover
since the MgO is a low dielectric constant substrate the stray capacitance is much lower than the
capacitance of the junctions. In this way it is possible to reach a regime where the charging effects are
dominant. Preliminary measurements made in the temperature range 20-400 mK have shown
conductance plots with several distinct Coulomb diamonds, with features typical of a single grain SET.
The diamonds are also strongly affected by an external magnetic field. The behaviour of the SET in
magnetic field and the possible relation with the existence of an imaginary subdominant component of
the order parameter is under investigation.
In this contribution we also present our progress in fabricating YBCO nanostructures by a
novel ―self assembling procedure‖. This approach represents a new route for nondestructive
nanopatterning of complex oxides superconductors. We have mastered deep sub-micron biepitaxial
Josephson devices with atomically flat grain boundary interface down to 100 nm, without a direct a
etching procedure to define the geometries of the junctions. Measurements made on nano SQUIDS,
realized with this novel technique, show an increased critical current density and an excellent
uniformity of the junctions. The employment of this novel technique, for the realization of YBCO
SET, is in progress

[1] T. Bauch, T. Lindström, F. Tafuri, G. Rotoli, P. Delsing, T. Claeson and F. Lombardi Science 31 1
5757, (2006), T. Bauch, F. Lombardi, F. Tafuri, G. Rotoli, A. Barone, P. Delsing, and T. Claeson
Phys. Rev. Lett 94, 087003 (2005).
ELA-I-012

Hot quasiparticle control of supercurrent in nanowire Josephson transitors

S. RODDARO, A. PESCAGLINI, F. GIAZOTTO, D. ERCOLANI, L. SORBA and F. BELTRAM

NEST, Scuola Normale Superiore and INFM-CNR, 56127 Pisa, ITALY


s.roddaro@sns.it

The ability to induce and control proximity effect in self-assembled nanoscale materials can
open exciting opportunities in terms of novel devices and fundamental research. Recent experimental
works demonstrated the potential of semiconductor nanowires for the implementation of nanometer-
scale hybrid superconductor-normal devices [1-2]. Here we demonstrate InAs nanowire-based
Josephson transistors whose supercurrent is controlled by the injection of hot quasiparticles through
normal-metal electrodes coupled to the same nanowire.
Josephson superconductor-normal-superconductor (SNS) junctions were realized by
evaporating Ti/Al contacts on doped InAs nanowires. Large supercurrent intensity up to 400nA at
370mK will be demonstrated and its dependence as a function of the temperature analyzed. We shall
show that dissipationless transport in the nanowires can be effectively controlled by injection of hot
electrons from (normal) Ti/Au contacts. This mechanism of supercurrent tuning is based on the
modification of the electron distribution in the junction region and offers key advantages with respect
to the more standard field-effect approach [3-5]. Power-budget analysis in the studied nanodevices will
be presented and the resulting thermoelectric parameters discussed together with the magnitude of the
electron-phonon interaction. The relevance of our experimental findings will discussed in light of the
development of novel hybrid devices.

SEM image of one of our nanowire Josephson


transistors. A sketch of the measurement set-up is also
shown in the overlay schematics: hot carrier injection on
normal contacts (yellow) is used to control Josephson
current flowing through the two superconducting
electrodes (blue) deposited on the nanowire.

[1] J.Xiang et al., Nature Nanotech. 1, 2008 (2006).


[2] J. van Dam et al., Nature 442, 667 (2006).
[3] A.F.Morpurgo et al., Appl.Phys.Lett. 72, 966 (1998).
[4] S.Tirelli et al., Phys Rev.Lett. 101, 077004 (2008).
[5] F.Giazotto et al., Rev.Mod.Phys. 78, 217 (2006).
ELA-I-013

Nano techniques for enhancing critical current in superconducting YBCO films

P. MIKHEENKO, J. S. ABELL1, A. SARKAR1, V.S. DANG1, M.M. AWANG KECHIK1,


J.L. TANNER1, P. PATURI2, H. HUHTINEN2, N. HARI BABU3, D. A. CARDWELL3 and
A. CRISAN1,4
1
School of Metallurgy and Materials, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT , UK
2
Wihuri Physical Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, FI-20014 University of Turku, FINLAND
3
Department of Engineering, Cambridge University, Cambridge CB2 1PZ, UK
4
National Institute of Materials Physics, Bucharest 077125, ROMANIA
p.mikheenko@bham.ac.uk

Wires fabricated from high temperature superconductors (HTS) are expected to find wide use
in power applications at 77 K, the boiling temperature of liquid nitrogen (TLN). The critical
temperature (Tc) of HTS with low anisotropy, suitable for these applications, is only 13−17 K above
TLN. Thermal fluctuations that strongly restrict critical current (Ic), especially in high magnetic field,
are therefore inevitable due to the close proximity of Tc to the operating temperature. In order to
counteract the effect of such fluctuations, a variety of methods have been developed to introduce
nanoparticles into the HTS microstructure that help pin magnetic flux and improve Ic [1,2].
Here we report a range of nano-processing techniques employed to improve Ic in YBa2Cu3Ox
(YBCO) thin films with Tc‘s of about 90 K. These techniques are applied to films grown using the
same pulsed laser deposition (PLD) equipment, which enables comparison of different processes and
selection of those that are effective in a certain range of applied magnetic field.
The techniques investigated include the growth of an array of one dimensional (1D) nano-rods
[3] prior to the deposition of YBCO films, covering substrate with a two-dimensional (2D) array of
nanoparticles that further create extended defects in YBCO [4], and volumetric additions of a
secondary phases [5,6] that undergo a process of three-dimensional (3D) self-assembly [3].
Our results show that the 2D array-based technique enable the processing of YBCO films with
superior Ic in low magnetic field, whereas the 3D self-assembly provides record high Ic in high
magnetic fields. The potential of a 1D nano-assembly that precedes the YBCO deposition process is
still under investigation. We will also report our attempts to combine the above techniques into a
single process.

[1] S.R. Foltyn, L. Civale , J.L. MacMannus-Driscol, Q.X. Jia, B. Maiorov, H. Wang and M. Maley,
Nat. Mater. 6, 631(2007).
[2] B. Maiorov, S.A. Baily, H. Zhou, O. Ugurlu, J.A. Kennison, P.C. Dowden, T.G. Holesinger, S.R.
Foltyn and L. Civale, Nat. Mater. 8, 398 (2009).
[3] A. Crisan, J.L. Tanner, P. Mikheenko and J.S. Abell, Optoelectronics and Advanced Materials –
Rapid Communications 3, 231 (2009).
[4] P. Mikheenko, A. Sarkar, V.-S. Dang, J.L. Tanner, J.S. Abell and A. Crisan, Physica C 469, 798
(2009).
[5] A. Crisan, M.M. Awang Kechik, P. Mikheenko, V.-S. Dang, A. Sarkar, J.S. Abell, P. Paturi and H.
Huhtinen, Supercond. Sci. Technol. 22, 045014 (2009).
[6] M. M. Awang Kechik, P. Mikheenko, A. Sarkar, V.-S. Dang, N. Hari Babu, D.A. Cardwell, J. S.
Abell and A. Crisan, Supercond. Sci. Technol. 22, 034020, (2009).
ELA-I-014

Experiments on a superconducting qubit manipulated by fast flux pulses:


The issue of non-adiabaticity

M.G. CASTELLANO, F. CHIARELLO and G. TORRIOLI

Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, CNR, via Cineto Romano 42, 00156 Roma, ITALY
mgcastellano@ifn.cnr.it

We report on experiments performed on the double SQUID qubit, which is made by a


superconducting interferometer formed by a loop interrupted by a small inductance dc SQUID. A
special characteristic of this qubit is that shape and symmetry of its energy potential can be greatly
modified by using two magnetic control fluxes that can turn the potential from a double well to an
almost harmonic single well. In the scheme used in our experiments, the two wells configuration is
used to prepare the qubit in a well defined flux state and to read out the outcome of a manipulation
sequence, while the single well is used for the time evolution, with the two lowest energy levels
behaving as computational states.
Contrary to all the other superconducting qubits, the double SQUID qubit can be operated also
without microwave excitation and NMR-like techniques, by using dc pulses of magnetic flux to raise
and lower the barrier between the two wells and change then potential into a single well [1]. In this
configuration, we measured coherent oscillations of the occupation probability lasting for hundreds
periods [2].
In order to use this operating scheme, it turns out that the flux pulse risetime must be fast, in the
order of nanosecond for practical parameters, corresponding to a non-adiabatic situation; this is a
necessary requirements in order to populate the two computational states, starting from a defined flux
state. On the other hand, faster pulses also have to be avoided because they can cause the excitation of
upper levels, hindering the two-state operation of the qubit: a trade-off must be found between
adiabatic and non-adiabatic regime. We show experimental results referring to manipulation of the
qubit by means of flux pulses of different risetime and make a comparison with theoretical
expectations.

[1] S. Poletto, F. Chiarello, M.G. Castellano, J. Lisenfeld, A. Lukashenko, P. Carelli and A.V. Ustinov,
Phys. Scr. T137, 014011 (2009).
[2] S. Poletto, F. Chiarello, M.G. Castellano, J. Lisenfeld, A. Lukashenko, C. Cosmelli, G. Torrioli, P.
Carelli and A.V. Ustinov, New J. Phys. 11, 013009 (2009).
ELA-I-015

Entanglement of superconducting qubits in circuit QED

S. FILIPP1, M. BAUR1, P. LEEK1, P. MAURER1, A. BLAIS2 and A. WALLRAFF1


1
Department of Physics, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, SWITZERLAND
2
Département de Physique, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec J1K 2R1, CANADA
filipp@phys.ethz.ch

Macroscopic systems can behave quantum mechanically if temperature and dissipation are low
and if they can be well shielded against detrimental environmental influences. Superconducting
circuits based on Josephson junctions fulfill these criteria to a remarkably high degree and as a result a
large number of experiments have demonstrated quantum effects in these systems. In particular, the
coupling of superconducting qubits to a coplanar transmission line resonator, an architecture known as
circuit-QED, allows for strong coupling between qubits and the electromagnetic field generated by
single photons in the resonator. This provides a versatile platform for quantum computation and
quantum optics experiments. Transitions between quantum states of individual qubits can be addressed
by directly applying microwave signals, whereas resonator photons are used to mediate interactions for
two-qubit quantum operations. In our experiments we have generated a complete set of Bell states
using a pulse sequence based on sideband transitions that entangles first one qubit with the resonator
and subsequently distributes the entanglement between two qubits [1]. For read-out, the response of
the system to a microwave signal applied to the resonator is utilized to obtain complete knowledge
about the combined state of the qubits and to perform state tomography measurements [2]. The
reconstructed density matrices confirm the successful preparation of entangled quantum states between
two superconducting circuits.

[1] P. Leek et al., Using sideband transitions for two-qubit operations in superconducting circuits.
Phys. Rev. B 79, 180511(R) (2009).
[2] S. Filipp et al., Two-Qubit State Tomography Using a Joint Dispersive Readout. Phys. Rev. Lett.
102, 200402 (2009).
ELECTRONIC APPLICATIONS

ORAL PRESENTATION
ELA-O-002

Implementation of molecular transistor electrodes by electromigration

A.S. STEPANOV 1, E.S. SOLDATOV 2 and O.V. SNIGIREV 1,2


1
Institute of Molecular Physics, RRC “Kurchatov Institute”, Moscow, RUSSIA
2
M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, RUSSIA
oleg.snigirev@phys.msu.ru

The trend towards ―beyond CMOS era‖ [1] in miniaturization of the elements of electronic
devices to sub - 10 nm range with the aim to increase the density of integration requires a search of the
new approaches to their formation. One promising approach between many is a creation of a planar
molecular transistor [2]. Thin-film gold electrodes with gap between them in a few nanometers (< 5)
are a basis of such transistor.
In this work we have carried out experiments on fabrication and study the thin film electrodes
with sub-10 nm nanogap between them obtained by the method of electromigration [3]. We
constructed setup, being able to respond to the changing profile of torn film with the time ~ 20 µs. This
allowed us to very precisely control the process of film rupture, formation the gap and the time to stop
process just at the proper moment.
The chips of standard silicon wafers with the set of gold strips fabricated by e-beam
lithography were the samples for the electromigration in our work. Gold was evaporated on the Al 2O3
buffer layer. The electromigration has been performed in the regime with continuous increase of
voltage in the range of 0 – 10 V with the rate 10 mV/s. The resulting gaps with sizes 5 - 10 nm were
studied in the scanning electron microscope, followed by measurement of their I-V curves. Samples
suitable for the manufacture of single-molecular transistors have been prepared. Details of fabrication
process and sample characterization will be presented in the report. Developed technique could be
useful also for patterning of the thin film magnetic nanostructures.

This work was supported in parts by the RFBR (project 09-07-00272-a), the ISTC (project
3457), Federal Target Program ―Scientific and teaching specialists of innovative Russia for 2009-13‖.
(project 02.740.11.0229).

[1] International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors, 2007 Edition, http://public.itrs.net


[2] I.V. Sapkov, E.S. Soldatov and V.G. Elensky. ―Method of creation of monomolecular transistor
with overhanging electrodes, Proc. SPIE 7025, 70250P (2008).
[3] H. Park, , A. K. L. Lim, et al. "Fabrication of metallic electrodes with nanometer separation by
electromigration." Applied Physics Letters, vol. 75, pp. 301-303 (1999).
ELA-O-003

Discontinuous propagation of stabilized normal hotspots in superconducting NbN multicontacts


microstrips

S. ADAM1, S. MICHOTTE1, L. PIRAUX1, D. LUCOT2 and D. MAILLY2


1
Université catholique de Louvain, PCPM, Place Croix du Sud 1, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, BELGIUM
2
Laboratoire de Photonique et de Nanostructures - CNRS, Route de Nozay, 91460 Marcoussis, FRANCE
sebastien.adam@uclouvain.be

The current-voltage characteristics of type-II superconductor microstrips are known to present


rather regular voltage steps. Although it is common to explain this behavior in the framework of phase
slippage processes (caused either by phase-slip lines or by kinematic vortices), much care is required
as the propagation of a normal hotspot could also give rise to stepped curves [1]. A clear
discrimination between these competitive mechanisms is crucial and remains an open question,
especially for microstrips much wider than the coherence length.
In order to investigate these non-equilibrium dissipative mechanisms, electrical transport
measurements on NbN nanostructures are performed either by applying the current or the voltage.
Both biasing modes reveal a large number of intermediate resistive states between the perfect
superconducting state and the fully normal state. Each of them can be stabilized in a current interval
well below the switching point, even in the fixed current regime. The smallest difference of resistance
between two stabilized dissipative states corresponds to an additional resistive length that amounts to a
few tens of nanometers.
Based on the heat-flow equations, the overall current-voltage characteristics are well explained
by the theoretical model of a localized normal hotspot maintained by Joule heating in a long bridge [2].
Each resistance jump is interpreted as the appearance of a newly localized resistive domain or the
stabilized extension of an existing one. The ability to stabilize such normal domains may originate
from the small value of the thermal healing length that ranges from a few tens to a few hundred
nanometers. Each domain tends to expand on this length scale until the nearest local inhomogeneity
prevents its propagation to the whole sample. Small modulations of the cross section seem to be the
most probable nonuniformities to take into account.
It is worth noting that the main features of stabilized normal hotspots are similar to those
usually associated with phase-slippage phenomena. In the future it appears relevant to analyze such
behaviors from the point of view of the self-heating in order to properly discriminate between these
dissipative processes.

[1] A.V. Gurevich and R.G. Mints, Rev. Mod. Phys. 59, 941 (1987).
[2] S. Adam, L. Piraux, S. Michotte, D. Lucot and D. Mailly, Supercond. Sci. Technol. 22, 105010
(2009).
ELA-O-007

Study of magnetic properties of granular Heusler alloy (Fe2CrAl) thin film

SNEHAL JANI1, N. LAKSHMI1, V.R. REDDY2, R.J. CHAUDHARY2, D.M. PHASE2,


AJAY GUPTA2, K. VENUGOPALAN1 and P.L. PAULOSE3
1
Department of Physics, M.L. Sukhadia University, Udaipur, Rajasthan, 313 001, INDIA
2
UGC-DAE CSR, Khandwa Road, Indore 452 017, INDIA
3
Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, INDIA
sneh.jani@gmail.com

The growing interest in Heusler alloys is due to their predicted high spin polarization. Such
materials could prove to be a useful source of spin to inject into semiconductors. Some Heusler alloys
have been predicted to be half-metallic ferromagnets (HMF), in which a band gap opens at the Fermi
level (EF) for one spin direction, leading to 100% spin polarization conduction electronics. The
Heusler alloy Fe2CrAl is also predicted to be HMF [1]. It is also a suitable material from the
application point of view due to its very high corrosion resistance and stability. A detailed study of
structural and magnetic properties of Fe2CrAl, in the form of a thin film with a semiconductor
substrate is thus necessary for possible development as a spintronics device. This work reports results
of studies of the magnetic and transport properties of Fe2CrAl thin film deposited by pulsed laser
deposition from an ingot of Fe2CrAl (made by argon arc melting). Formation of Fe2CrAl phase has
been confirmed by x-ray diffraction (XRD) and average composition verified by EDX. SEM
micrographs show that the film is granular with nano island formation. Average compositions are,
however, near to Fe2CrAl (Fe1.90Cr1.0Al1.19). Four probe resistivity measurement with and without
magnetic field has been carried out to probe electrical and magnetic transport behavior. Magnetization
measurements have been undertaken by a SQUID magnetometer. The magnetization trend of the film
suggests that the film undergoes antiferromagnetic transition at temperature ~60 K and beyond this
temperature it shows paramagnetic like behavior. The low temperature magnetization curves (10 K or
2 K), shows a butterfly loop structure. zero value of coercivity and retentivity at both, room
temperature and low temperature, suggest that the film has mixed magnetic phases consisting with
super paramagnetic, ferromagnetic as well as antiferromagnetic interactions present [2]. This could be
quite possible since our EDX measurements suggest a stoichiometric distribution of composition
around Fe2CrAl, whose magnetic states may be different from each other, since the magnetic
properties in these systems are intimately dependent on the degree of chemical and structural disorder
present. Low temperature resistivity measurements indicate that the film is semiconducting in nature.
Resistivity measurements show an anomaly in the form of hysteresis within a certain temperature
range in the cooling and warming cycles. This anomaly, centered around 245 K, can be due to the
coupled electrical and magnetic behavior of the film. In the temperature range of 300 K to 260 K, the
value of temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) gradually increases from 2.7 % to 22 % which
can find use in bolometric devices [3].

[1] I. Galanakis and P. H. Dederichs, Phys. Rev. B. 66, 174429 (2002).


[2] Ritwik Saha, V. Srinivas and T. V. Chandrasekhar Rao, Phys. Rev. B. 79, 174423 (2009).
[3] R. J. Choudhary, Ravi Kumara, S. I. Patil, Shahid Husain, J. P. Srivastava and S. K. Malik, Appl.
Phys. Lett. 86, 222501(2005).
ELA-O-009

The calculatation and fabrication of new ultra-sensitive superconductor and GMI hybrid
magnetic sensor

KAI GUO and SANSHENG WANG

Laboratory of Function Materials and Device, Sino-UK(NLAA-RAL) Space Science & Technology Joint Laboratory,
Beihang University, Beijing, CHINA
wangssh@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn

Ultra-sensitive magnetic sensors are widely applied in the biomagnetism area and chronometer
observationn. There are lots of magnetic sensors based on the Hall effect, Magnetoresistive effect,
Superconducting Quantum Interference and Giant Magnetoimpedance (GMI) effect etc. In particular,
GMI magnetic sensor have many good characteristic for instance ultra sensitive and quickly response,
so it have been applied to measure very low magnetic fields.
In this paper,we put forward and fabricated a high quality micron-sized integrated
superconductor and GMI hybrid sensor. It is comprised of a GMI stack separated from an YBCO thin
※lm by an insulating layer. A constriction area in the superconducting loop drives the induced current
through a small section and therefore creates magnetic ※eld lines large enough to be detected by the
GMI component, which is, for example NiFe-Cu-NiFe thin films stack, fabricated by a ion beam
sputtering system. We have made some theory calculatation, whick shows the expected sensitivity of
this kind of superconductor and GMI hybrid new sensors are in the range of a few fT/sqrt(Hz). We
also report the fabricatation and primary test result .
ELA-O-010

Design and circuit analysis of quasi one junction SQUID comparators for low temperature
detector array read-out

A. BOZBEY1, S. MIYAJIMA2, T. ORTLEPP3, A. FUJIMAKI2


1
Department of Electical and Electronics Eng., TOBB Economy and Technology University , 06560, Ankara, TURKEY
2
Department of Quantum Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, JAPAN
3
Institute for Information Technology, Ilmenau University of Technology, P.O. Box 100565, 98684 Ilmenau, GERMANY
bozbey@etu.edu.tr

In this study, we report on our simulation and experimental results for quasi one junction
SQUIDs (QOS) comparator targeted to be used in the front-end of the detector read-out circuits. The
QOS is used as a 1-bit quantizer in the front-end of the read-out circuit. Their performance and
reliability is very much depending on the circuit parameters of the QOSs.
The main design parameters are the threshold level, grayzone width and the chip-to-chip
reproducibility over different fabrication batches. For some special applications, such as detector
readout, the overall power consumption needs to be sufficient small. We measured threshold and
grayzone counting each individual switching event for various bias and input current values and for
different QOS designs.
We analyze the test results and report on deviations between different circuit designs and
between different production runs. In addition, circuit simulations including thermal noise are used to
explain the observed circuit behavior and to optimize design parameters.
We used to obtained circuit performance to estimate the potential performance of QOS based
readout of detectors. Special purpose of the optimization process is to obtain a robust and scalable
circuit design for multiplexer based array readout.
ELA-O-012

Analytical calculation of the excess current in the OTBK theory

G. NIEBLER1,2, G. CUNIBERTI2 and T. NOVOTNÝ1


1
Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Ke Karlovu 5,121 16
Prague 2, CZECH REPUBLIC
2
Institute for Materials Science and Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Dresden University of Technology,D-01062
Dresden, GERMANY
gabriel.niebler@tu-dresden.de

We present an analytical derivation of the excess current in Josephson junctions within the
Octavio-Tinkham-Blonder-Klapwijk theory for both symmetric and asymmetric barrier strengths. We
confirm the result found numerically by Flensberg et al. for equal barriers [1], including the prediction
of negative excess current for low transparencies, and we generalize it for differing barriers. Our
analytical formulae provide for convenient fitting of experimental data, also in the less studied, but
practically relevant case of barrier asymmetry.

[1] K. Flensberg, J. Bindslev Hansen and M. Octavio, Phys. Rev. B 38, 8707 (1988).
ELA-O-015

An efficient SQUID NDE defect detection approach by using an adaptive finite element modeling

F. SARRESHTEDARI1, S. RAZMKHAH1, A. NAJI1, N. HOSSEINI1, P. NAZARI1, N. JAHED1,


J. SCHUBERT2, M. BANZET2 and M. FARDMANESH1
1
Department of Electrical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, IRAN
2
Forschungszentrum Jülich, Institute of Bio and Nano-systems, 52425 Juelich, GERMANY
fardmanesh@sharif.edu

Incorporating finite element for the modeling of the SQUID NDE response to a predefined
defect pattern, an adaptive algorithm has been developed for the reconstruction of unknown defect
using an optimization algorithm for the updating of the forward problem. The defect reconstruction
algorithm starts with an initial estimation for the defect pattern, then the forward problem is solved and
the obtained field pattern is compared with the measured signal from the SQUID NDE system. The
result is used by an optimization algorithm to update the defect structure to be incorporated in the FEM
forward problem for the next iteration.
In this work we have also used an approximate magnetic inverse technique for anticipating the
defect pattern to be utilized as the initial estimation for the first algorithm iteration. Furthermore, we
have used a frequency domain filtering for the noise cancellation of the measured magnetic signal. The
effects of these techniques are investigated on the number of needed iterations for the result
convergence and also the obtained pattern.
Since the most time consuming part of the approach is the solution of the FEM forward
problem, the number of iterations plays an important role in the determination of the total response
convergence time. Consequently, different optimization algorithms have been applied and their
performances are compared.
The experimental SQUID NDE system is based on a High-Tc YBCO gradiometer RF SQUID
with a flux noise below 100μΦ0/√Hz at 100Hz in unshielded environments [1]. Using this system
which also incorporates an automated two dimensional non-magnetic scanning robot, samples with
different intentional defects have been tested and their scanning results are processed by the proposed
defect reconstruction algorithm.

[1] M. Fardmanesh, et.al, IEEE Trans on applied superconductivity, 19791 – 795 (2009).
ELA-O-016

Proximity effect in electron-doped cuprate josephson junctions

S. CHARPENTIER, G. ROBERGE, S. GODIN-PROULX and P. FOURNIER

Regroupement québécois sur les matériaux de pointe


Institute for Transdisciplinary Research in Quantum computing and
Département de Physique, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, J1K 2R1 CANADA
sophie.charpentier@usherbrooke.ca

In the last ten years or so, there have been several measurements showing an anomalously large
proximity effect in Josephson junctions made with hole-doped high-Tc superconductors materials
including the barrier and the electrodes. This ―giant‖ proximity effect has been attributed to the fact
that the barrier is not a normal metal, but a superconductor above its transition temperature and in a
regime called the pseudo-gap. On the other hand, it has also been shown that when the barrier is an
antiferromagnetic (AF) insulator, there is no Josephson coupling between the electrodes, even if the
barrier is just one unit-cell thick [1]. This was interpreted as a proof that when the barrier is an AF,
there is no possible Josephson coupling. Following this work, it is natural to ask ourselves: is the
pseudo-gap phase really at the origin of the giant coupling? Would it be observed if the barrier is not a
superconductor above its transition temperature? And finally, is the fact that the barrier is an
antiferromagnet completely prevents Josephson coupling?
We address these questions using Josephson junctions made from electron-doped high-Tc
superconductors materials giving access to a wide range of doping for both electrodes and barriers, a
pseudo-gap phase different from the one on the hole-doped side and an AF phase present for a wide
range of doping. We chose the ramp-edge junction geometry and used electron-doped high Tc Pr2-
xCexCuO4 (PCCO) as the electrodes and the barrier enabling one to probe the coupling in the ab plane.
For the superconducting electrodes, we use optimally doped PCCO (x = 0.15). PCCO x = 0.05, an
antiferromagnetic metal, is used for the barrier. After fabrication, the samples were characterized
measuring IV curves as a function of magnetic field, temperature, RF field frequency and amplitude,
barrier thickness and composition.
The central results of our work are twofold. They demonstrate: 1) a conventional proximity
effect; 2) but a coupling even if the barrier is an antiferromagnetic material. We determine the normal
coherence length, which quantifies the extent of the pair wavefunction into the metal. Comparing this
value with the theoretical expectations, we confirm that the coupling appears to be conventional
through PCCO x = 0.05. The presence of the coupling through an AF barrier may be explained by the
fact that our barrier is not an AF insulator, but rather a metallic phase with quasiparticle excitations at
the Fermi level as shown previously by ARPES [2]. Further results investigating the coupling through
an insulating antiferromagnetic barrier and through a metal with no antiferromagnetic order will also
be presented.

[1] I. Bozovic et al. Nature 422, 873 (2003).


[2] N.P. Armitage et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 257001 (2002).
ELA-O-018

Investigation of current limiting mechanism in IBAD based filamentary hts coated conductor
using spatially resolved measurement technique

Z. ZULKIFLI1, T. KISS2, M. INOUE2, K. ENPUKU2, T. WATANABE3, N. KASHIMA3, M. MORI3,


S. NAGAYA3, A. IBI4, Y. YAMADA4 and Y. SHIOHARA5
1
Unıversıtı Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88999, MALAYSIA
2
Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, JAPAN
3
Chubu Electric Power Co., Inc., Nagoya 459-8522, JAPAN
4
Superconductivity Research laboratory, Nagoya Coated Conductor Center, Nagoya 456-8587, JAPAN
5
Superconductivity Research Laboratory, Division of Superconducting Tape and Wire, Tokyo 135-0062, JAPAN
zulis@ums.edu.my

The second generation HTS coated conductors (CC) are developed for power application with
improved current carrying capability and higher critical current density, Jc. We are also working
towards the production of a better CC through our findings on CC‘s physical and electromagnetic
properties. By using scanning laser microscope and scanning SQUID microscope we are able to
extract independent yet complimenting results of structural inhomogeneity, localized flux flow
dissipation and non-uniformity of the current flow in YBCO CC within a few µm range scale.
Current flow in High temperature superconductor (HTS) coated conductor (CC) has been
shown to become non-uniform due to the presence of disordered microstructures having several m in
size. Local current flow and dissipation in a three parallel 100 µm-wide filamentary YBCO tape had
been studied to investigate the current carrying capability in each filament under the influence of local
current limiting obstacles. Structural inhomogeneity have been visualized by using thermal laser
stimulation technique, flux flow dissipation imaged using low temperature scanning laser microscope
(LTSLM) for the YBCO CC in a filamentary configuration. The 2D scanning laser induced local
heating giving a voltage response (V) at the local coordinate. In the bias current dependence of flux
flow dissipation at a fixed temperature, percolative behavior of the dissipations is observed. Statistical
analysis of the 2D images of the dissipation also enabled us to estimate spatial length scale between
dissipation occurrences; estimated space is of 170µm. Local current density was measured by
scanning SQUID microscope. By combining independent measurements of local current distribution
with flux flow dissipation, we made estimations on its local Jc and thus Ic for each filament. Results
have shown a current imbalance on the current sharing mechanism of the filamentary structure due to
local current blocking obstacles and the Ic value determined the amount of transport current density in
each filament. It has been clearly shown that the Ic possibly deviate significantly if the filament size
reaches 100 µm. This work was supported by the New Energy and Industrial Technology
Development Organization (NEDO) as Collaborative Research and Development of Fundamental
Technologies for Superconductivity Applications.

[1] Kiss et al., IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. 15 (2), 3656-3659 (2005).
[2] Abraimov et al., Appl. Phys. Lett., 85 (13), 2568-2571 (2004).
ELA-O-022

Andreev reflection in FEBID-Co – FIBID-W nanocontacts


for current-in-plane measurements

S. SANGIAO1, 2, L. MORELLÓN1, 2, R. CÓRDOBA1, M. R. IBARRA1, 2 and J. M. DE TERESA2


1
Instituto de Nanociencia de Aragón, Universidad de Zaragoza, Edificio I+D, Zaragoza, 50018, SPAIN
2
Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada and Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragón, Facultad de
Ciencias, Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, Zaragoza, 50009, SPAIN
sangiao@unizar.es

The quality and functionality of materials grown by focused electron/ion beam techniques are
of primary importance in a vast range of applications such as photomask repair, scanning probe
sensors, circuit editing, nanophotonics, micro- and nano-electronics, etc.
We report a novel and flexible method to create ballistic nanocontacts for current-in-plane
Andreev reflection (AR) measurements via the joint use of Co-based magnetic nanodeposits and W-
based superconducting nanodeposits to create ballistic superconductor-magnetic metal nanocontacts
showing AR. These nanocontacts are sketched in figure 1. Below the TC of the superconductor, the
bias-voltage dependence of the differential conductance can be nicely fitted using the BTK model
including spin-polarization effects. The spin polarization of the FEBID-Co nanodeposit obtained from
fittings is about 40%, which confirms that the FEBID-Co nanodeposits exhibit suitable properties for
its implementation in Spintronics devices. The high quality of the fits allows a detailed analysis of the
temperature dependence of the superconducting gap of the FIBID-W nanodeposit. The fitted value of
the superconducting gap follows the standard BCS dependence, as it has been observed by Scanning
Tunnelling Spectroscopy [1], with a critical temperature of 4.5 K, which confirms that FIBID-W
nanodeposits are very promising for applications in AR measurements and in other applications in
nanotechnology. The study of the magnetic field effect on the transport across the ferromagnet –
superconductor interface is as well in progress.

Figure 1. a) Schematic of the nanocontacts for current-in-plane AR measurements. b) SEM image


of a top view of a Co-W nanocontact.

[1] I. Guillamon, H. Suderow, S. Vieira, A. Fernandez-Pacheco, J. Sese, R. Cordoba, J. M De Teresa,


M. R. Ibarra, New Journal of Physics 10, 093005 (2008).
ELA-O-024

Effects of junction and bias parameters on the state measurement of a leaking phase qubit

H. ZANDI, S. SAFAEI, S. KHORASANI and M. FARDMANESH

School of Electrical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, P. O. Box 11365-11155, Tehran, IRAN
khorasani@sharif.edu

To obtain the optimal parameters and the bias of Josephson junction phase qubits, the nonlinear
Ginzburg-Landau equation for the junction is accurately solved using a successive perturbation
approach. The current density and effective potential of the Josephson junction are obtained as the
results of this exact solution. The tunneling probabilities of the calculated bound states in the resulting
potential are also computed. The probability of unwanted transitions to states outside the
computational subspace is also computed for some single-qubit gates. Then the effects of junction and
bias parameters such as thickness of the insulating barrier, cross sectional area, bias current and
magnetic field are fully investigated. Based on this approach, some figures of merit are defined and
computed to achieve optimal operation of a leaking phase qubit and measurement of its states.
ELA-O-025

High-fidelity gates for phase qubits through full optimization

S. SAFAEI1, F. TADDEI2, S. MONTANGERO3 and R. FAZIO2


1
Superconductor Electronics Research Laboratory, School of Electrical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, P.
O. Box 11365-9363, Tehran, IRAN
2
NEST-CNR-INFM and Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, I-56126 Pisa, ITALY
3
Institut für Quanteninformationsverarbeitung, Universität Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, GERMANY
safaei@ee.sharif.ir

In a Josephson phase qubit, the coherent manipulations of the computational states are achieved
by modulating an applied microwave current. To achieve high-※delity gates, we find optimal
modulations of the microwave current, by means of quantum optimal control theory. İnitially the case
of a NOT gate is studied in details where we address the effect of possible imperfections in the pulses
shapes, the role of the off-resonance elements in the Hamiltonian, and the effect of capacitive
interaction with a second qubit. After showing the importance of the mentioned factors, we furthure
obtain optimal pulses for high-fidelity NOT and Hadamard gate, including the off-resonance terms of
the Hamiltonian, while controlling the shape of pulses during the optimization. Pulses are also
optimized for a two-qubit setup.
ELA-O-026

Single flux quantum signal processing for a Compact Neutron Diffractometer

A. FUJIMAKI1, I. NAKANISHI1, Y. HIGASHI1, S. MIYAJIMA1 and T. ISHIDA2


1
Department of Quantum Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, JAPAN
2
Department of Physics and Electronics, Osaka Prefecture University,Sakai 599-8531, JAPAN
fujimaki@nuee.nagoya-u.ac.jp

We report the development of a neutron diffractometer composed of MgB2 nanowire detectors


and a single-flux-quantum (SFQ) signal processing circuit. We also report the latest results for the SFQ
circuits to be used in the diffractometer.
The diffractometer developed in this study will be very compact compared to that based on
previous gas tube detectors. In addition, the diffractometer has a capability to measure a diffraction
pattern for each neutron energy. The nanowire detectors are made of very thin films of MgB2 with 10B
and operate at the rising edge of their resistance-temperature curves around the transition
temperatures1). Incident of a neutron to the detector causes temperature rise, resulting in reduction of a
current flowing on the detector for less than 2 ns. Energy of a neutron can be determined by measuring
time-of-flight which is defined as the time difference between a start and a stop signal. The start signal
given from an external generator triggers a neutron source. The stop signal is generated when a
neutron comes to a detector. A detector array composed of multiple detectors is essential for
constructing a diffractometer. In addition, introduction of some multiplexing technique is necessary for
reducing heat inflow through cables with which the detectors are connected to room-temperature
electronics.
The SFQ signal processing circuits have capability to measure the time-of-flight with time
resolution of 20 ns in digital domain and to multiplex these digital data with low power consumption.
Highly sensitive quasi-one-junction SQUIDs (QOSs) are used as comparators that compare the output
of each detector with a certain threshold at the repetition rate of 12.8 GHz. The QOSs generate stop
pulses in the form of an SFQ pulse when the magnitude of the output exceeds the threshold. The time-
of-flight can be determined by counting 50-MHz-clocks at the SFQ counter placed after each QOS.
The clocks are provided to each counter with a delay of 10 ns so as to multiplex digital data from the
counters in time domain.
We have made the SFQ signal processing circuit with the SRL standard process. The circuit has
five QOSs including a QOS used for generating start signals. The measured sensitivity for QOSs is a
few micro-ampere, which is enough for sensing a change in a current flowing on a detector. The time-
domain-multiplexing has been successfully demonstrated at 4 K. The detail operation will be presented
at the conference.

This development was supported by SENTAN, JST.

[1] K. Takahashi, K. Satoh, T. Yotsuya, S. Okayasu, K. Hajou, M. Katagiri, A. Saito, A. Kawakami,


H. Shimakage, Z. Wang, and T. Ishida, Physica C, 392, 1501 (2003).
ELECTRONIC APPLICATIONS

POSTER PRESENTATION
ELA-P-001

Characterization of silicon carbide (SiC) thin films deposited by physical vapor deposition

MUKESH KUMAR and RAMESH CHANDRA

Institute Instrumentation Centre (IIC), IIT Roorkee, Pin-247667 INDIA


mukesh232@gmail.com & ramesfic@iitr.ernet.in

Thin films of silicon carbide (SiC) have the excellent physical and electrical properties, such as
the wide band gap, high electrical breakdown field and high thermal conductivity [1]. These properties
make it suitable for the fabrication of devices that can operate under extreme conditions of
temperature, frequency, and power, where silicon (Si) based devices would fail. Sputtering [2] and
Pulse Laser Deposition (PLD) [3] are the techniques that used to deposit crystalline, polycrystalline or
amorphous SiC films at relatively low temperatures. We have prepared thin films of SiC via RF-
magnetron sputtering on Si (100) and corning glass substrates. The Raman spectra have shown
corresponding bands of SiC, Si and C. UV-visible spectrometer was used to calculate the band gap of
the films and results are in consistent with results measure by Photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy.
The surface morphology of the films was investigated by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM).Also we
have prepared Fe-SiC thin films via Pulse Laser Deposition (PLD) on Si (100) substrate. These films
were annealed isochronally at temperatures of 815 oC, 1015 oC and 1240 oC for 2.5 h in presence of Ar
gas. Thermally induced crystalline ordering of SiC into β-SiC phase was investigated by X-ray
diffraction (XRD). The magnetic properties of the Fe-doped SiC thin films were investigated by
Superconducting Quantum Interference Device (SQUID) magnetometer. Both, as grown and the
annealed Fe-doped SiC thin films show the ferromagnetic behavior.

[1] M. Balooch, R. J. Tench, W.J. Siekhaus, M.J. Allen, A.L Connor, Appl. Phys. Lett., 57, 15
(1990).
[2] S. Kerdiles,a) A. Berthelot, F. Gourbilleau, and R. Rizk, Appl. Phys. Lett., 76, 17 (2000).
[3] L. Rimai, R. Ager, J. Hangas, E. M. Logothetis, Nayef Abu-Ageel and M. Aslam, J. Appl. Phys.
73,12 (1993).
ELA-P-002

Design of relaxation oscillator based ultra wideband SFQ amplifier

B. YUCE1, S. MIYAJIMA2, A. BOZBEY1 and A.FUJIMAKI 2


1
Department of Electric and Electronic Engineering, TOBB University of Economics and Technology,Söğütözü 06560,
Ankara, TURKEY
2
Departmen of Quantum Engineering,Nagoya University, Furocho, Chikusaku, Nagoya 464-860,3 JAPAN
st05120598@etu.edu.tr

In RSFQ logic circuits, PTLs are used to transfer SFQ pulses over long distances. However,
there are some problems which must be considered when implementing PTL interconnects. One of
them is impedance mismatching between Josephson junctions and PTLs. Another one is attenuation of
SFQ pulse, especially over long distances, during transmission on PTL. In this study, an ultra
wideband (> 40 GHz) amplifier with matching circuitry, which is based on relaxation oscillations
emerged in hysteretic Josephson junctions by externally shunted circuit elements, is conceived, for
amplifying SFQ pulses before transmission. In this study, the characteristic impedance of PTL which
is 50 Ohm and its basic  model is used for simulation. The amplifier consist of an underdamped
Josephson junction and shunted elements which are used for providing rapid damping of relaxation
oscillations. Because of rapid damping of oscillations, there is only one relaxation oscillation pulse that
will be considered corresponds to a SFQ pulse and the amplitude of this pulse is greater than SFQ
pulse. In consequence, the SFQ is amplified.
ELA-P-003

The temperature dependence of electrical properties in the metal semiconductor structures

O. DEMIRCIOGLU1, S. KARATAS 2 and O. F. BAKKALOGLU1


1
University of Gaziantep, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Engineering Physics, 27310 Gaziantep, TURKEY
2
University of Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam, Faculty of Sciences and Arts, Department of Physics, 46100 Kahramanmaraş,
TURKEY
skaratas@ksu.edu.tr

Electrical properties of the Cr/n-type Si Schottky contacts have been determined by using
current–voltage (I–V) and capacitance–voltage (C–V) measurements of the device in the wide
temperature range. The basic diode parameters such as ideality factor (n b) were
consequently extracted from electrical measurements. It has been shown that the ideality factors
increased and barrier heights decreased with the decreasing temperatures, on the basis of the
thermionic emission (TE) theory [1-3]. The values of barrier height obtained from Norde‘s function
were compared with those from Cheung functions, and it was seen that there was a good agreement
between barrier heights from both methods. The values of series resistance obtained from Cheung
functions and Norde‘s functions are not agreeing with each other. Also, the energy distribution of
interface state density was determined from the forward bias I-V characteristics by taking into account
the bias dependence of the effective barrier height.

[1] M. Sze, Physics of Semiconductor Devices, 2nd Edn.(Willey, New York 1981) p. 850.
[2] Ş. Karataş, Ş. Altındal, A.Türüt, A. Özmen., Appl. Surf. Sci., 217, 250. (2003).
[3] E.H. Rhoderick and R.H.Williams, Metal-Semiconductor Contacts, 2nd ed. (Clarendon, Oxford,
1988).
ELA-P-004

Superconductor-insulator transition and matching effects in nanoperforated thin TiN films

CARLA CARBONELL-CORTÇS1, JOAN MANEL HERNÀNDEZ1, TATYANA I. BATURINA2,


ROGER AMIGÓ JUNQUÇ1, ANTONI GARCÍA-SANTIAGO1, JAVIER TEJADA1,
VALERII VINOKUR3, ALEKSEY MIRONOV2, MIKHAIL BAKLANOV4,
DMITRIY A. NASIMOV2 and ALEXANDER V. LATYSHEV2
1
Grup de Magnetisme, Departament de Física Fonamental, Facultat de Física, Universitat de Barcelona, c. Martí i
Franquès 1, planta 4, edifici nou, 08028 Barcelona, SPAIN
2
Institute of Semiconductor Physics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Science, pr. Akademika Lavrentjeva 13,
Novosibirsk, 630090 RUSSIA
3
Materials of Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
4
IMEC, Kapeldreef 75, B-3001 Leuven, BELGIUM
carla@ubxlab.com

Low-temperature transport properties of nanoperforated superconducting TiN films have been


experimentally studied. For a 5-nm-thick sample with a square lattice of antidots with a period of 80
nm, resistance measurements have been performed in the critical region of the superconductor-
insulator transition (SIT), applying the magnetic field perpendicular to the plane of the structure or the
dc current through the sample. Commensurability effects are observed at the magnetic field where the
vortex lattice spacing matches the antidot lattice period. The evolution of the SIT with temperature,
magnetic field and dc current is investigated in detail.

Fig. 1. a. SEM image of the nanoperforated film. b. Temperature dependence of the resistances of the
nanoperforated films (marked as pA and pB) and the corresponding initial films (fA and fB). c.
Temperature dependence of the resistance of the sample pB at different magnetic fields. The insets
show the magnetic-field dependence of the resistance of the same sample measured at 75 mK.
ELA-P-005

Structure and properties of TiAlN and TiAlN/TiN films produced by magnetic filter assisted
cathodic arc vapor deposition

LING CHEN, DE-CHANG ZENG, WAN-QI QIU, MING LIN and JIN-WEN CHEN

South China University of Technology, School of Mechanical Engineering, Guangzhou 510640, CHINA
chenling@scut.edu.cn

TiAlN single layer and TiAlN/TiN dual-layer films were deposited on the M2 type high speed
steel by the magnetic filter cathodic arc (MFCA) deposition. The chemical composition, surface
morphology, microstructure and mechanical properties of these films were systematically investigated
by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS), X-ray
diffraction (XRD), nanoindentation and microsctatch tests. Similar H3/E*2 ratios were found for all
films under investigation. All as-deposited films possessed B1 crystal structure and the TiAlN/TiN
film has a (200) texture. Both the TiAlN and TiAlN/TiN films show a good affinity to the substrate,
but the TiAlN/TiN film exhibits higher hardness, higher toughness and better adhesion than the (Ti,
Al) N monolayer film.
ELA-P-006

Quantum limit of electron refrigeration in superconducting - normal metal structures

A.V. TIMOFEEV1,2, M. HELLE1, M. MESCHKE1, M. MÖTTÖNEN1 and J. PEKOLA1


1
VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Sensors, P.O. BOX 1000, 02044 VTT, FINLAND
2
Low Temperature Laboratory, Helsinki University of Technology, P.O. BOX 3500, 02015 TKK, FINLAND
andrey.timofeev@vtt.fi

On-chip cooling techniques of electronic components represent one of the major solutions to
enhance performance of low temperature detectors. We have demonstrated a novel method of a distant
on-chip refrigeration of a metallic micro-resistor in a superconducting circuit. The effect is based on a
heat transfer by thermal radiation through the superconducting leads at temperatures below 1 Kelvin
degree. According to quantum mechanics theory, there is a fundamental limit for a maximal amount of
heat can be transferred by such a mechanism. In the implemented circuit with two resistors, it is
possible to cool down one of the resistors at a distance of about 50um with the maximal possible
cooling power for such a heat channel, i.e. at the quantum limit.
The obtained result provides a clear insight into the electromagnetic channel of the heat
transport in metallic nanostructures at sub-Kelvin temperatures: it shows that it should be possible to
cool a micro-device while keeping it galvanically isolated from a cooler, at distances up to the
millimeter range. This could be an option for noise suppression purposes, e.g., in millikelvin SQUID
sensors, by refrigerating shunting resistors.

[1] A.V. Timofeev et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 200801 (2009).
ELA-P-007

Radiation hardness of nanostructured YBa2Cu3O7 film-based detectors operating in harsh


environments

R. GERBALDO1,2, G. GHIGO1,2, L. GOZZELINO1,2, F. LAVIANO1,2, G. LOPARDO1,2,


B. MINETTI1,2, R. CHERUBINI3 and E. MEZZETTI1,2
1
Department of Physics, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, ITALY
2
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Torino, Via P. Giuria 1, 10134 Torino, ITALY
3
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, V.le Università 2, 35020 Legnaro (PD), ITALY
roberto.gerbaldo@polito.it

High-density crossing nanotracks in YBa2Cu3O7 films irradiated by 0.25 GeV Au-ion micro-
collimated irradiation-beam induces in the R (T, B) phase-space a large scissor-like zone [1]. Magneto-
resistive signals are detectable across such nanostructured regions (exhibiting lower-Tc) while as-
grown contiguous regions play the role of unaffected Meissner-state pools. Exploiting this effect,
superconducting detectors of electromagnetic excitations were developed [2-4]. The detector
performances and, in particular, their tunability through nanotrack density were checked with respect
to magnetic field and VIS detection [1,4].
A main issue related to such detectors concerns their behaviour in static as well as in dynamic
regime under hard conditions created by ionizing and neutron irradiations.
In the present work we report about tests of several sensors under 3.5 MeV proton beams and
fast (up to 3.5 MeV) neutron beams (the latter obtained by proton interaction on Be target [5]).
It turns out that both protons and neutrons do not affect the detector response function up to the
maximum investigated fluences, 4.3x1014 p/cm2 and 4.5x1013 n/cm2, respectively, [5]. Both these
fluences are higher than those expected for a 10 years long permanence in the space environment [6].
Real-time response of the devices, under proton flux of about 3x1010 p/(cm2 s), showed a
temporary increase of the resistance of the nanostructured zones (i.e. of the detection units) but,
significantly, such damage is completely recovered after the beam switching off [1,5].
A larger spectrum of ―damage‖ investigation is in progress.

[1] R. Gerbaldo, G. Ghigo, L. Gozzelino, F. Laviano, G. Lopardo, B. Minetti, E. Mezzetti, R.


Cherubini, and A. Rovelli, J. Appl. Phys. 104, 063919 (2008).
[2] F. Laviano, R. Gerbaldo, G. Ghigo, L. Gozzelino, B. Minetti, and E. Mezzetti, Appl. Phys. Lett. 89,
082514 (2006).
[3] E. Mezzetti, A. Chiodoni, R. Gerbaldo, G. Ghigo, L. Gozzelino, F. Laviano, B. Minetti, A. Amato,
A. Rovelli, and R. Cherubini, Physica C 468, 817 (2008).
[4] E. Mezzetti, F. Laviano, R. Gerbaldo, G. Ghigo, L. Gozzelino, G. Lopardo, B. Minetti, IEEE
Trans. Appl. Supercond. 19, 753 (2009).
[5] B. Minetti, R. Gerbaldo, G. Ghigo, L. Gozzelino, F. Laviano, G. Lopardo, R. Cherubini, and E.
Mezzetti, IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. 19, 2882 (2009).
[6] M. R. James and S. A. Maloy, IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. 13, 1600 (2003).
ELA-P-008

Ti/Au TESs for single photon detection

E. MONTICONE, C. PORTESI, M. RAJTERI, E. TARALLI and L. LOLLI

Isituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica ,Torino,ITALY


e.monticone@inrim.it

The development of photon-number resolving (PNR) detectors is a crucial issue in many


different ※elds of optical science and technology such as quantum metrology (absolute calibration of
detectors, nano-positioning), quantum imaging (sub-shot-noise weak image detection, ghost imaging)
and quantum information (coding, elaboration and communication of information by exploiting
quantum systems).
An important breakthrough in single-photon resolving detectors is the development of
cryogenic devices based on superconductors operated close to the transition temperature (transition-
edge sensors, TESs) [1].
In this work we present details on the fabrication and the characterization of Au/Ti TESs.
The films have been deposited by e-beam on silicon nitride and structured by lithography and
chemical etching. The critical temperature has been tuned between 100 mK and 240 mK by varying
the Ti thickness. Au/Ti bilayers show high steepness transition temperatures narrower than 1-2 mK.
The optical characterization of TESs has been carried out in a dilution refrigerator with a base
temperature of 33 mK. For a TESs with Tc=130 mK and at a bath temperature of 34 mK a 690 nm
single photon pulses up to 8 photons are clearly resolved with an energy resolution of 0.40 eV. The
recovery time of photon pulse is about 2 µs biasing the TES at the half of the transition.

[1] K. D. Irwin and G. C. Hilton Topics Appl. Phys. 99, 63–149 (2005).
ELA-P-009

Analysis of a new architecture of superconducting analog-to-digital converters for improved


resolution and large dynamic range

P. FEBVRE

IMEP-LAHC – CNRS UMR5130 – University of Savoie 73376, Le Bourget du Lac, FRANCE


Pascal.Febvre@univ-savoie.fr

Analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) are key components of most digital systems, as the
necessary interface between the analogue world to send and receive signals. Semiconductor ADC
systems are intrinsically limited to low frequency ranges of a few GHz and associated to dynamic
ranges limited by linearity issues. Superconductor electronic ADCs rely on the magnetic flux
quantization and do not suffer from the linearity issues. Moreover, the Rapid-Single-Flux Quantum
(RSFQ) technique [1] allows the sampling of signals far in the microwave range, of the order of 100
GHz for the fastest circuits with state-of-the-art low critical temperature niobium-based technology.
Two main applications require the use of fast and high dynamic range superconducting ADCs:
future ground-or space-based telecommunication systems for software defined radio (SDR) and all
systems requiring very high dynamic range in the 120-180 dB range. In this last category, one can find
the digital Superconducting Quantum Interference Devices (SQUIDs) that combine the digitization
due to the RSFQ technique, with the ultrasensitive sensing of magnetic fields, that are of interest for
several applications, ranging from Non-Destructive Evaluation (NDE) to the detection of faint
geomagnetic signatures [2].
In this work, we will describe in details an analysis of performances of two different kinds of
ADCs, respectively for space and geophysics applications. New designs with their electrical circuits
will be described for operation in the microwave frequency band with a sigma-delta architecture, and
for improved dynamic range with a delta design. The performance in terms of number of bits or
dynamic range, frequency bandwidth and ultimate sampling speed will be compared with the ones of
existing ADCs. Considerations about the layout due to technological considerations are taken into
account in the design. Trade-offs between performance and technologies will be emphasized.

[1] K. Likharev and V. Semenov, IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. 1, 3 (1991).


[2] T. Reich, P. Febvre, T. Ortlepp, F. H. Uhlmann, J. Kunert, R. Stolz, and H.-G. Meyer, Journal of
Applied Physics 104(2), 024509 (2008).
ELA-P-010

Influence of anharmonicity current-phase dependence on properties weak links of


Josephson type

D. SERGEYEV

Military Air Force Institute, Aktobe, KAZAKHSTAN


serdau@rambler.ru

In work the influence of anharmonicity a current-phase on plasma frequency, current-voltage


characteristic (CVC) of weak links of Josephson type (WLJT), and also feature quantum interference
WLJT with anharmonicity by dependence a current-phase is considered. The occurrence semi-integer
of steps Shapiro on CVC WLJT with anharmonicity a current-phase is interpreted at influence of a
microwave signal.
The introduction of anharmonicity coefficient k develops models of anharmonicity current-
phase dependence WLJT: j ( )  jc  sin   sin(k ) nk  [1-3]. The decision of the equation of
dynamics WLJT with anharmonic by current-phase dependence by a numerical method, determines
influence of anharmonicity current-phase dependence on plasma frequency WLJT fig. 1, a). Is
established, that anharmonicity current-phase increases size of plasma frequency. The reduction of a
hysteresis CVC WLJT is explained at anharmonicity a current-phase with reduction of parameter
Makkambert inversely plasma frequency    ñ  ð  .
2

Fig 1. a) Influence of anharmonicity current-phase on plasma frequency; b) Formation of a semi-integer


steps Shapiro.

The process of formation semi-integer of steps Shapiro on CVC WLJT with anharmonic current-phase
dependence at influence of a microwave signal is explained by increase of size of plasma frequency
under influence anharmonicity current-phase (fig. 1, b). When the influence of a microwave signal
reduces, anharmonicity current-phase increases, it results in change of factor determining
superconducting a branches CVC WLJT.

[1] Sergeyev D.M., Shunkeyev K.Sh. Сollected papers Internat. Conf. Fundamental Problems of HTSC
(Moscow – Zvenigorod, 2008) p. 344-345.
[2] Sergeyev D.M., Shunkeyev K.Sh. Сollected papers Internat. Conf. Modern problems of Chemical and
Radiation Physics (Moscow – Chernogolovka, 2009) p. 75-78.
[3] Sergeyev D.M., Shunkeyev K.Sh. Izvestija vuzov. Fizika. 8/2, p. 556-559 (2009).
ELA-P-011

Resonant behaviour of the barrier of YBa2Cu3O7 grain boundary Josephson Junctions


fabricated on bicrystalline substrates with different geometries

M.A. NAVACERRADA1, M.L. LUCÍA2, F. SÁNCHEZ-QUESADA2 and E. SARNELLI3


1
Departamento de Física e Instalaciones aplicadas a la Edificación, al Medio Ambiente y al Urbanismo, Escuela Técnica
Superior de Arquitectura, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, SPAIN
2
Departamento de Física Aplicada III (Electricidad y Electrónica), Facultad de Ciencias Físicas, Universidad
Complutense, 28040 Madrid, SPAIN
3
Istituto di Cibernetica “E. Caianello” CNR, Via Campi Flegrei, 34 Pozzuoli, Naples, ITALY
mdelosangeles.navacerrada@upm.es

We have observed a resonant behaviour in the dielectric constant associated to the barrier of
YBa2Cu3O7 (YBCO) grain boundary Josephson junctions (GBJJs) fabricated of a wide variety of
bicrystalline substrates: 12º [001] tilt asymmetric, 24º [001] tilt asymmetric, 24º [001] tilt symmetric,
24º [10] tilt asymmetric, 45º [100] tilt asymmetric and 24º [001] tilt symmetric + 45 [100] tilt
asymmetric bicrystals. The resonance frequency varies between 7 - 21011 Hz depending on the
substrate geometry. Such range points to a phonon dynamic influence on the resonance mechanism. In
the literature, the phonon mode frequencies are well established for YBCO thin films and single
crystals, and also their dependences on the oxygen content of the samples have been extensively
reported. The values reported for the frequencies, measured mainly by Raman spectroscopy, are above
1012 Hz. However, although the active modes are well-know, it has been proven that, besides of the
oxygen content of the sample, the position and intensity of the phonon modes depend on other
properties such as cation disorder, orientation, spatial ordering, impurities and strain in the case of thin
film. In this sense, the Raman spectra reveal a number of many additional spectral features, most
strongly pronounced in poorly oxygenated, doped or mixed YBCO samples. The origin of these
features is unclear and controversially discussed. In the present work, we discuss in detail the possible
origin of the resonance observed in our GBJJs in terms of structural disorder and composition of the
junction boundary.
ELA-P-012

Hybrid graphene-superconductor devices

MATTHEW NEWMAN and GAVIN BURNELL

E.C. Stoner Laboratory, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, UK


pymn@leeds.ac.uk

An interesting consequence of the crystallographic structure of graphene is that its charge


carriers are described as massless relativistic particles. The ability to isolate individual graphene layers
therefore enables us to investigate relativistic phenomena in a solid state system. A particularly
interesting method of probing this unusual electronic state is to interface graphene with
superconducting materials whereby unique characteristics such as specular Andreev reflection are
expected to be observed. While there is a wealth of theoretical work on superconducting graphene
devices present within the literature there remains very little experimental work published to date.
In order to further investigate the unique transport characteristics of graphene we produce
planar Josephson junctions using graphene as a barrier medium. Devices are fabricated by mechanical
exfoliation of graphite with single layer graphene flakes identified using Raman spectroscopy.
Electron beam lithography is used to pattern contacts with separations of ~100nm which are
subsequently sputter deposited with Pd/Nb using a DC magnetron. The oxidised Si substrate is heavily
doped allowing the graphene flake to be back-gated.
Here we present initial measurements taken on these graphene-superconductor devices
indicating the quality of our superconductor-graphene interfaces. Additionally we have investigated
the gate voltage dependence of the junction current-voltage characteristics.
ELA-P-013

Development of ultra low field nuclear magnetic resonance imaging system using
HTS rf SQUID

O. SNIGIREV1,2, M. HAYASHI1, S. FUKUMOTO1, Y. HATSUKADE1, Y. KATSU1 and


S. TANAKA1
1
Department of Ecological Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, 1-1 Hibarigaoka, Tenpaku-cho, Toyohashi,
Aichi 441-8580, JAPAN
2
Faculty of Physics M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, bld. 2, 119991, Moscow RUSSIA
oleg.snigirev@phys.msu.ru

We constructed and studied an ultra low-field (ULF) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)
imaging system using a HTS rf SQUID and room-temperature (RT) coils [1]. Recording a free
induction decay (FID) signals of 1H employing measuring field, Bm, of 44.8 µT and polarizing field,
Bp, of 36.8 mT in presence of BZ / z and BZ / y gradients of the order of 0.8 µT/m we got a quasi
two dimensional (2D) 4-pixels image of simple water fantom.
The ULF magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) systems using high sensitivity and frequency
independent SQUID sensors, which features small-sized system, lower cost, higher frequency-
resolution and shorter measurement time due to less averaging number with narrow bandwidth, have
attracted attention in recent years [2-3]. The use of HTS SQUIDs for ULF MRI may enhance these
advantages further with respect to the use of low temperature superconductor (LTS) SQUIDs due to
much easier handling with cryoliquid or cryocooler. Nevertheless this is not an easy task while in
present HTS technology a possibility to use superconducting HTS gradiometer is stiil not realized.
In this work we studied also a possibility to use a standard gradient echo protcol [2] for data
acquisition with HTS SQUID aiming for high-resolution ULF-MRI, which may be expected to be
installed in local hospitals for screening technology the early stages of illness, for instance. Details of
work will be presented in report.

[1] M. Hayashi, Y. Hatsukade, Y. Katsu, S. Fukumoto, and S Tanaka. In Proc. of European


Conference on Applied Superconductivity (EUCAS) 2009, 13 Sep. 2009, 127.
[2] J. Clarke , M. Hatridge and M. Mößle. Annu. Rev. Biomed. Eng. 9, 389 (2007).
[3] A. N. Matlachov, P.L. Volegov, M.A. Espy, R. Stolz, L. Fritzsch, V. Zakosarenko, H-G. Meyer
and R. H. Kraus, Jr. IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. 15, 676 (2005).
ELA-P-014

The transport properties of Bi-2212 superconducting doped by Mg

N. BOUSSOUF1, M.F. MOSBAH1, A. AMIRA1, 2, F. BOUAICHA1 and S.CHAMEKH


1
Université Mentouri de Constantine, Laboratoire Couches Minces et Interfaces, Campus de Chaabet-Erssas- B.P. 325
Route d’Ain El Bey, 25017 Constantine, ALGERIA
2
Laboratoire des Essais Non Destructifs (LEND), Université de Jijel. B.P. 98, 18000 Jijel, ALGERIA
boussoufnora@yahoo.fr

A series of Mg-doped bismuth (2212) superconducting materials with nominal composition


Bi2Sr2MgxCa1Cu2O8+δ and Bi1,8Pb0,4Sr2MgxCa1,1Cu2,1O8+δ with addition of silver varying from 0 to 5%
(0 x 0.05) were synthesized by simple solid-state reaction route. The effect of magnesium on
structural properties and superconducting behaviour has been investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD),
Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM, EDS) and electrical resistivity. It was found that Mg addition
has not only affected the formation of the desired Bi-2212 phase and the microstructure of these
samples thereby influencing on the resistivity. The resistivity of all the Bi1,8Pb0,4Sr2MgxCa1,1Cu2,1O8+δ
samples shows semiconductor-like behaviour.
ELA-P-015

Application of optimal filtering in multipulse NQR detection of the nitrogen-based compounds

R.KHUSNUTDINOV1,2, D.YA. OSOKIN2, N. DOGAN3, O. ONEREN3, B. RAMEEV2,3 and


B. AKTAS3
1
Kazan State Power Engineering University, 420066 Kazan, RUSSIAN FEDERATION
2
Kazan Physical-Technical Institute, 420029 Kazan, RUSSIAN FEDERATION
3
Gebze Institute of Technology, 41400 Gebze-Kocaeli, TURKEY
khrr@yandex.ru

Application of the multipulse sequences in NQR detection explosive and narcotic substances
has been studied. We studied theoretically various approaches to increase the signal to noise ratio
(SNR) of signal detection. We considered two modifications of the phase-alternated multiple-pulse
sequence (PAMS): the 180o pulse sequence with a preparatory pulse and the 90o pulse sequence. The
advantages of optimal filtering to detect NQR in the case of the coherent steady-state precession have
been analysed. We have shown that the optimal filtering based on the algorithm similar to Hadamard
transform can be applied in the remote detection of various substances. Our studies demonstrate that
this technique is effective in filtering high-frequency and low-frequency noise. We have shown
experimentally on NaNO2 and RDX that optimal filtering increases essentially the reliability of NQR
detection.

Authors acknowledge the support under NATO SfP programme, grant No. 982836.
This work was also partially supported by the grant No. 00062.STZ.2007-1 of
Ministry of Industry and Trade of Turkey.
ELA-P-016

Design and fabrication of superconducting transmit filter using Gd-Ba-Cu-O bulks

A. SAITO1, H. TESHIMA2, S. ONO1, N. SEKIYA3, K. NAKAJIMA1, H. YAMADA1


and S. OHSHIMA1
1
Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamagata University, 4-3-16, Jonan, Yonezawa, 992-8510, JAPAN
2
Nippon Steel Corporation, 20-1 Shintomi, Futtsu, 293-8511, JAPAN
3
Faculty of Engineering, University of Yamanashi, Takeda-4, Kofu, 400-8511, JAPAN
atsu@yz.yamagata-u.ac.jp

Superconducting transmit band-pass filters (BPFs) need to be developed for the next generation
of wireless communication systems, IMT-Advanced. Much research has been conducted on the power-
handling capability and inter-modulation distortion of these superconducting transmit BPFs [1-3].
Until now, we have designed and fabricated 3-pole BPFs using Dy-Ba-Cu-O and Gd-Ba-Cu-O
superconducting bulk ring resonators with a center frequency of 5 GHz [4-7]. The frequency responses
with low insertion loss and over 10 W (40 dBm) power-handling capabilities have been observed in
the both types of the BPFs around 30 K [7]. Additionally, we have simulated and compared the current
densities of the ring and disk resonator BPFs using a 3-dimensional EM simulator. The maximum
current density of the disk resonator BPFs was approximately half that of ring resonator BPFs. These
results indicated that the power-handling capability of the 3-pole BPFs using Gd-Ba-Cu-O bulk disk
resonator becomes more than 50 W, suggesting that they would be very effective transmit BPFs for
IMT-Advanced.
In this paper, we present the developed design and its estimation of BPFs using Gd-Ba-Cu-O
disk resonators. The 2-pole, 3-pole, and 4-pole BPFs using the disk resonators, separated substrates,
and magnetic trimming rods were designed for 9-pole BPFs with sharp skirt properties. We found that
the frequency responces of the BPFs were easily adjusted, because each center frequency of the
resonators and coupling between the resonators could be adjusted independently. This result may be
used as a transmit BPF with sharp skirt properties and high power-handling capability.
The authors wish to thank Mr. M Uno, Mr. Y. Endo, Mr. T. Saito, and Mr. T. Tatsunokuchi of
Ohshima and Saito Laboratory in Yamagata University. This work was supported in part by the
ministry of education, culture, sports, science and technology Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (B)
(21760246), JST, and Telecommunications Advancement Foundation. A part of this work was carried
out in the clean room of Yamagata University.

[1] R. R. Mansour, et al., IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory and Techniques 44, 1322 (1996).
[2] S. Takeuchi, et al., Physica C 468, 1954 (2008).
[3] S. K. Remillard, et al., J. Superconductivity: Incorporating Novel Magnetism 14, 47 (2001).
[4] A. Saito, et al., IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. 17, 886 (2007).
[5] A. Saito, et al., Physica C 463-465, 1064 (2007).
[6] A. Saito, et al., J. Phys.: Conf. Series. 97, 012228 (2007).
[7] A. Saito, et al., IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. 19, 889 (2009).
ELA-P-017

Switching response of MgB2 thin-film microwave resonators

G. GHIGO1, R. GERBALDO1, L. GOZZELINO1, F. LAVIANO1, G. LOPARDO1, B. MINETTI1,


E. MONTICONE2, C. PORTESI2 and E. MEZZETTI1
1
Department of Physics, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, ITALY
2
National Institute of Metrological Research, Torino, ITALY
gianluca.ghigo@polito.it

We investigate the switching response of MgB2 coplanar waveguide resonators, originating


from the increase of rf currents or from the application of dc fields. The aim is studying the
mechanisms determining the performance limits of polycrystalline MgB2 films in microwave
applications. We report observations of specific nonlinear features in the resonator response: different
jumpwise behaviors observed in the resonance curves are found to be generated by either switching of
as-grown weak-links (modeled as S-N-S junctions) or vortex avalanches. Both mechanisms can be
explained in terms of local-heating-induced thermal bistability, but they result in opposite effects, i.e.,
opposite signs in the abrupt variations of the quality factor and of the resonance frequency, due to the
rf-current distribution [1]. Magneto-optical imaging has been used to check the quality of devices and
to distinguish among different regimes of dc magnetic field penetration into the stripline, aiming at a
comparison with microwave data. The possible use of MgB2 films in nonlinear devices exploiting the
observed behaviors is finally discussed.

[1] G. Ghigo et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 94, 052505 (2009).


ELA-P-018

Superconducting filter and module for deep space network in China

TAO ZUO1, SHAOLIN YAN2, BIN YANG1, DAZHI LI1, XINJIE ZHAO2, LAIPING HU1,
ZHIHUA HU1 and HAI XIAHOU2
1
Hefei Low Temperature Electronics Research Institute, Hefei 230043 ,CHINA
2
Department of Electronics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, CHINA
hts_zuo@yahoo.com

The research of high-temperature superconducting (HTS) filter and front-end module for deep
space network in China is presented in the paper. The 18-pole HTS filters,without any trimming after
being fabricated, show a return loss of 25.16 dB and a VSWR as low as 1.12. The insertion loss of the
HTS filters is about 0.1dB and the out-of-band attenuation is better than 145dB. The module of the
HTS filter and cryogenic low temperature amplifier shows a gain of 55±0.2dB ,a return loss of 20dB
and a noise temperature of 6~7K when work at the 15K ambient temperature. it is the first time for
HTS filter practically applied in significant project in China since 1987 when high-temperature
superconducting materials was found.
ELA-P-019

Magnetic properties of molecular beam epitaxy grown GaMnAs/GaAs and MnAs/GaAs


nanowires

J. SADOWSKI1,2, P. DLUZEWSKI2, A. SIUSYS2 and J. Z. DOMAGALA2


1
MAX-Lab, Lund University, Lund, SWEDEN
2
Institute of Physics, Polish academy of Sciences, Warszawa, POLAND
sadow@maxlab.lu.se

Nanoscale magnetic objects such as nanowires (NWs) are interesting both for fundamental
research and potential applications for information storage [1]. Since recently the preparation methods
and properties of quasi-one dimensional structures have been extensively investigated. The structures
of this kind can be obtained either by chemical methods – using reactions in which elongated nanosize
elements are spontaneously formed, or by vapour deposition methods such as Metalorganic Vapour
Phase Epitaxy (MOVPE), or Molecular Beam Epitaxy (MBE). However NWs from common
ferromagnetic metals such as Co or Fe have been mostly obtained by growth within porous
membranes. Use of magnetic materials for self assembled NW formation using vapour phase epitaxy
which enables formation of more complex structures implying axial or radial heterostructures has been
quite limited so far. Here we report formation of quasi-one dimensional magnetic structures consisting
of magnetic material shell grown around the semiconductor material core.
We have investigated core-shell structures consisting of NWs with GaAs cores and
ferromagnetic GaMnAs and MnAs shells – ferromagnetic semiconductor and ferromagnetic metal,
respectively. The NWs were grown by Molecular Beam Epitaxy (MBE) on silicon substrates. First
GaAs cores were grown at high substrate temperature (600 – 630 oC), using self-catalyzed growth
mode, i.e. without gold catalyst most frequently used for the NW growth [2]. In our case the Ga
droplets spontaneously formed on the oxidized Si surface exposed to Ga and As fluxes in the initial
stage of the MBE growth played the role of the NW growth catalyst. The GaAs core NWs have typical
diameters in the range of 100 – 150 nm, and lengths of 5 to 15 μm. The growth of ferromagnetic shells
was performed at low substrate temperatures (200 to 350 oC), necessary both for formation of ternary
ferromagnetic GaMnAs semiconductor [3] and binary ferromagnetic MnAs metal [4].
The structural properties of the resulting core shell NW structures were investigated by
transmission electron microscope (TEM) and by X-ray diffraction; magnetic properties - by SQUID
magnetometer. Both types of structures exhibited room temperature (RT) ferromagnetic properties.
Since RT ferromagnetic phase exists in the case of MnAs, and so far has not been observed for
GaMnAs magnetic semiconductor (the highest Curie temperature reported so far for GaMnAs layers
is about 190 K [5]), we attribute the presence of RT ferromagnetism in the latter case to the MnAs
precipitates present inside and/or at the surface of GaMnAs shells

[1] M. Hayashi, L. Thomas, R. Moriya, C. Rettner, S. S. P. Parkin, Science, 320, 209 (2008).
[2] F. Jabeen, V. Grillo, S. Rubini and F. Martelli, Nanotechnology 19, 275711 (2008).
[3] J. Sadowski, Acta Phys. Pol. A 114, 1001 (2008).
[4] J. Sadowski, J. Kanski, L. Ilver, J. Johansson, Appl. Surf. Sci 166, 247 (2000)..
[5] L. Chen, S. Yan, P. F. Xu, J. Lu, W. Z. Wang, J. J. Deng, X. Qian, Y. Ji, and J. H. Zhao,
Appl.Phys.Lett. 95, 182505 (2009).
ELA-P-020

Anomalous Hall effect arising from the injected spin current in nonmagnetic semiconductors

M. IDRISH MIAH1 and MD. AL-AMIN2


1
Department of Physics, University of Chittagong, Chittagong–4331, BANGLADESH
2
Enginners’ Institution, Ramna, Dhaka–1000, BANGLADESH
salimullahm@yahoo.com

As an intrinsic magnetic moment is associated with the spin, electron spin provides an extra
degree of freedom for the electron. The Anomalous Hall effect (AHE) arising from the spin current
(spin flow) was derived on the basis of the two-component drift-diffusion model and a useful way was
demonstrated for the electrical detection of spin current and spin diffusion length in a semiconductor.
For the possible enhancement of the AHE, degenerate (DG) and non-degenerate (NDG) cases were
considered. It was found that, owing to an increase in the diffusion coefficient, the spin current and
hence the AHE are enhanced in a DG semiconductor. By analyzing semiconductor highly degenerate
(HDG), DG and NDG regimes, it was shown that the intrinsic spin diffusion length can be determined
directly from the drift-diffusion crossover field if the temperature, electron density and both the
temperature and electron density, respectively, are known for NDG, HDG and DG systems. A possible
method of identifying whether the process for a given carrier density and temperature would be in the
DG or NDG regime was demonstrated.
ELA-P-022

Investigation of mechanical properties of RuSr2RECu2O8 (RE=Eu, Gd, Ho) bulk


superconductors with different models

U. ALP1, O. UZUN1, U. TOPAL2, F. YILMAZ1 and U. KOLEMEN1


1
Department of Physics, Gaziosmanpasa University, 60240 Tokat, TURKEY
2
TUBITAK-UME (National Metrology Institute), P.K. 54 41470 Gebze-Kocaeli, TURKEY
utkanalp@gop.edu.tr

In this paper, mechanical properties of RuSr2RECu2O8 (RE=Eu, Gd, Ho) compounds prepared
by using the ammonium nitrate melt technique were chracterized by nanoindentation and atomic force
microscopy. The nanoindentation tests were performed at room temperature in air using the atomic
force microscope (AFM) with a nanoindenter. Indentation experiments were carried out on the (001)
crystallographic plane at indentation test loads ranging from 10 to 400 mN. The results show that the
materials exhibit significant peak load dependence (i.e., indentation size effect (ISE)). The peak load
dependence is analyzed by using the Meyer‘s law, the Hays–Kendall approach, the Elastic/Plastic
Deformation model, the Proportional Specimen Resistance model (PSR), and the Modified PSR
models. As a result, Modified PSR model is found to be the most effective one for microhardness
determination of RuSr2RECu2O8 (RE=Eu, Gd, Ho) bulk superconductors.

[1] O. Uzun, T. Karaaslan, M. Gogebakan, M. Keskin, J. Alloys Compd.376, 149–157 (2004).


[2] J. Gong, H. Miao, Z. Zhao, Z. Guan, Mater. Sci. Eng. 303, 179–186 (2001).
[3] K. Sangwall, B. Surowska, P. Blaziak, Mater. Chem. Phys. 80, 428–437 (2003).
ELA-P-023

Design of low phase noise 3rd order phase locked loops for computer systems

DIARY R. SULAIMAN

Electrical Engineering Department, Engineering College, Salahaddin University-Hawler, Erbil, IRAQ


diariy@gmail.com

The phase locked loop (PLL) has been one of the basic and essential building blocks in modern high
speed electronic systems, and it is one of the cornerstones of computer system and communications technology.
Today it is used in many guises and forms to achieve significant improvements in performance of both
computer technology and transmitter/receiver devices where it is necessary to multiply clocks or adjust the
phase of clock outputs too stabilize a generated signal or to detect signals, over the conventional methods used
prior to the invention of the PLL. All computer systems and much of the current advanced communications
technologies in existence would not be possible without the PLL. Phase noise represents the phase variations of
a PLL output signal and is the most important characteristic of PLLs because it reflects the stability of PLL
systems, and desired for any electronic products today. In this paper a new PLL are designed and simulated in
CMOS technology. SPICE simulation program is used to demonstrate the design technique for low phase noise
3rd order PLL applicable in high speed computer systems.
Typical implementations of a phase-lock loop (PLL) are second order. In this paper we examine the
advantages of a third order phase lock loop, which is more design freedom which can result in superior noise
rejection, lower steady-state error than a second order PLL, and widely used as clock generators in a variety of
applications including microprocessors, wireless receivers, serial link transceivers, and disk drive electronics.
One of the main reasons for the widely adopted use of the 3rd order PLL in most PLL applications is one of the
simplest and most effective design platforms, and provides flexible design tradeoffs by decoupling various
design parameters such as the loop bandwidth. A typical implementation of the 3rd order PLL consists of a
phase frequency detector (PFD), a charge pump CP, a passive loop filter (LF), a voltage controlled oscillator
(VCO), and frequency divider. The PLL system block diagram is shown in figure1.

Figure 1. Third order PLL block diagram

The PLL design by the followed method has a high accuracy in progress, and can significantly improve
the PLL noise applicable in computer systems such as frequency synthesizer, which is widely used in high-
speed data processing, and is usually implemented by PLLs because of low implementation cost and excellent
noise performance. Spice simulation program shows the satisfactory results of this work. Therefore, this
technique of analyzing and design of 3rd PLLs can be considered as a critical performance constraint for any
PLL applications.

[1] P. K. Hanumolu, Analysis of Charge-Pump Phase-Locked Loops, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and
Systems 51, 9 (2004).
[2] B. Chuang, Z. Zhenyu, Z. Minxuan, A low-noise PLL design achieved by optimizing the loop bandwidth,
Journal of Semiconductors 30, 8,(2009).
ELA-P-024

Performance enhancement of the solid saturable absorber for laser passive-switching at


1.353 μm

R. SH. ALNAYLI

Physics Department, Al-Qadissiyah University, Dewaniyha, P.O Box-88 IRAQ


iabyis_r@yahoo.com

In order to approach the ideal conditions to optimized the performance of the 10mm CaF2
crystal which is containing(5%) standard mixing of uranium ions as proposal saturable absorber
element model for Q-switching laser operation in the spectral wave length around 1.353 μm, the main
aspects of this investigation are accomplished by means of the analytical treatments and direct
calculations of derived equations as well as several programmed plotted graphs are obtained and
applied to evaluated the most important active influences parametric and its effect on this type
passively Q-switching laser operation such as, the output pulse peak power, the pulse energy, the
depth modulation as well as the absorption cross-section and the nonlinear reflectivity .
The comparing of the interpolated results for this work with the different wave length ranges
and by another materials types are strongly agreed with the earlier researchers calculations[1,2].
Slightly different with some researcher measurements [3,4,5] were owing to experiment errors as
well as, which were because of the close estimations and the high precise treatments of this work .
The errors percentage were only 4-5.8%, which are seem insignificant its influences on the essential
goals for this work
The results are very satisfied to applied this proposal model as optimum controlling
element for the passively Q-switching laser operation at 1.353 μm .

[1] R. Huring et al., Optical Society of America, 18, 12, 1805(2001).


[2] Su. Lianghi et al., Optics Axpress, 15, 5,2375(2007).
[3] K. Yen-Kuang et al., China Journal of Physics, 38, 3, 443(2000).
[4] K. Yen-Kuang et al., Applied Optics, 35, 1, 2576(1996).
[5] D. Juan et al., Optics Express, 13, 20, 7970(2005).
ELA-P-025

Design of a 4-bit Time to Digital Converter Circuit for Use in a Superconducting Flash Analog-
Digital Converter

Y. TUKEL1, A. BOZBEY1, S. MIYAJIMA2, C. A. TUNC3 AND A. FUJIMAKI2


1
Department of Electric and Electronic Engineering, TOBB University of Economics and Technology,
Söğütözü 06560, Ankara, Turkey
2
Department of Quantum Engineering, Nagoya University, Furocho, Chikusaku, Nagoya 464-860,3 Japan
3
Ankara Research and Technology Laboratory, ARTLAB Ltd., Ankara
st05120284@etu.edu.tr

In this study, we report the results of a 4-bit time to digital converter (TDC) circuit design for
use in a superconducting flash analog-digital converter (ADC). The proposed ADC circuit algoritm [1]
contains two similar quasi-one junction SQUIDs (QOS) as the front-end sampling circuit. The delays
of the QOSs' depend on the analog input current and if these delays are measured, one can get the
amplitude of the analog input signal. For measuring delay of the QOSs, we designed a 4-bit TDC. The
TDC design is based on the jitter measurement circuit explained in [2]. We modified this circuit to
increase the resolution similar to a vernier scale idea [3]. We also implemented a decoder circuit to
remove the redundant terms in the output. In this poster, we will present the design of the TDC.

[1] A. Bozbey, C. A. Tunc, S. Olcum, and A. Fujimaki, Front-end Design of an Analog to Digital
Converter Circuit, 12th International Superconductive Electronics Conference ISEC2009 SP-P37,
Fukuoka, JAPAN, June 2009.
[2] M. Terabe, A. Sekiya, T. Yamada, and A. Fujimaki, Timing Jitter Measurment in Single-Flux
Quantum Circuits Based on Time-to-Digital Converters With High Time Solution, IEEE Trans. on
Appl. Superconductivity, vol. 17, pp. 552-555, 2007.
[3] A. Kirichenko, S. Sarwana, D. Gupta, I. Rochwarger, and O. Mukhanov, Multi-Channel Time
Digitizing Systems, IEEE Trans. on Appl. Superconductivity, vol. 13, pp. 454-458, 2003.
ELA-P-026

Low frequency Characterization Setup for Superconductor Digital


Circuits Based on a Closed Cycle Refrigerator System

Y.GENC1 AND A. BOZBEY1


1
Department of Electric and Electronic Engineering, TOBB University of Economics and Technology,Söğütözü 06560,
Ankara,Turkey
st05120573@etu.edu.tr

In this study, we report the results of a characterization setup for rapid single flux quantum based
circuits using a Gifford-McMahon (GM) type closed cycle system. The standard GM refrigerator
systems have mechanical vibrations at the sample holder which increases the electrical noise of the
system as well as increase the probability of a flux trap at the superconducting chips. To decrease these
effects, a custom made damping system was installed at the factory.

As the bias / signal sources and digitizers, we used PC based PXI/PCI modular instruments
which decrease the form factor and cost of the data acquisition setup to a great extend. As the input
filters and low noise current sources, custom made circuits are designed and implemented. In this
poster we will present the initial test results of the test chip together with the implemented setup.
ELA-P-027

Portative time-domain NMR device for testing various substances

O. ONEREN1, N. DOGAN1, M. MAKSUTOGLU1, Y.YERLI1, G. MOZZHUKHIN1,2 and


B.RAMEEV1,3
1
Gebze Institute of Technology, 41400 Gebze/Kocaeli, TURKEY
2
Department of Physics, Kazan Power State University, Kazan, RUSSIA
3
Kazan Physical-Technical Institute, 420029 Kazan, RUSSIAN FEDERATION
ozeroneren@gmail.com

The nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) devices have already found various applications in the
industry and security as the testing or control devices. Non-destructive nature of NMR is very
important advantage of these devices, because the measurement probe does not have a contact with the
tested media. Despite of the recent progress in this direction, application of NMR in the industry,
security and agriculture is still very limited. This is related to the technical and analytical
complications of NMR as a method, and high cost of commercial NMR devices available at the
market. However, in many applications, NMR is the only useful technique to monitor quantitatively
various processes, or to test, e.g., various liquid substances for the transport security needs.
Fortunately, recent progress in the NMR electronics and application of the novel analysis methods, like
chemometrics, make possible to replace a high-field superconducting magnet by permanent magnets.
This decreases the cost and size of the devices for industrial applications, and permits one to obtain
even high resolution (frequency domain) NMR spectra. Furthermore, in some cases, like portative
NMR devices, there is no need in the detailed information on the chemical shifts or coupling-constant.
Therefore, it is possible to develop highly portative NMR devices, which are designed to obtain only
the relaxation parameters by measuring the NMR response in the time domain. Thus, there is a rapidly
growing field of applied research to design NMR systems for testing/controlling various materials in
industry or other fields, using small magnetic field (and low frequency of 2-60 MHz) and based on
permanent magnet technology.
In this work we present the time-domain NMR device developed for versatile
industrial/security applications. We discuss various aspects of NMR analyzer design including the
permanent magnet system as well as different experiments made on this device. It is shown that
valuable information on physical parameters of materials is obtained by measurements at low fields.
Prospects of such NMR analyzer devices for practical applications are also discussed.

Authors acknowledge the support under the grant No. 00062.STZ.2007-1 of Ministry of
Industry and Trade of Turkey.
ELA-P-028

Electron density lattices of ultrashort period in models described by the Hubbard Hamiltonian

M. BELONENKO1, N. LEBEDEV2 and E. GALKINA3


1
Nanotechnology laboratory, Volgograd Business Institute,Volgograd, 400048 RUSSIA
2
Department of Physics, Volgograd State University, Volgograd, 400062 RUSSIA
3
Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Volgograd State Medical University, Volgograd, 400131 RUSSIA
neli_80@mail.ru

The single electron wave function equations which derive from the Hubbard Hamiltonian in
case when atoms occupy hexagonal lattice points were considered. It was shown that existence of
electron density lattices of ultrashort period of several lattice constants order is possible. Such lattices
cannot be obtained in the well-known continuum approximations. The cases of stationary and non-
stationary solutions were considered. The solutions with different minimum periods were analyzed.
ELA-P-029

Antiferromagnetic solitons in carbon nanotubes

M. BELONENKO1, E. GALKINA2 and N. LEBEDEV3


1
Nanotechnology Laboratory, Volgograd Business Institute, Volgograd, 400048 RUSSIA
2
Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Volgograd State Medical University, Volgograd, 400131 RUSSIA
3
Department of Physics, Volgograd State University, Volgograd, 400062 RUSSIA
mbelonenko@yandex.ru

The effective Hamiltonian describing interaction at a long-wave approximation of spin degrees


of freedom and shaped like the nonlinear sigma model Hamiltonian was suggested by virtue of the
Hubbard model for electrons localized on carbons in carbon nanotubes and the Anderson approach in
the indirect interaction theory. The classical nonlinear sigma model was reduced and soliton solutions
were presented. Thermodynamics of solitons gas in the model under consideration was discussed.
ELA-P-030

Electrically tunabile transadmittance-mode lowpass and bandpass filter suitable


for MOSFET-C technology

M.A. IBRAHIM

Electrical Engineering Department, Engineering College, Salahaddin University, Erbil, IRAQ


mabdulbaki@hotmail.com

The advantages of employing operational amplifier (opamp) pole-model accrue in the form of
miniaturization and ease of design of continuous time circuits. This technique has proved useful to
extend the working frequency range of the circuits, which is otherwise subject to many accuracy,
sensitivity and stability problems. A number of circuits using opamp pole-model operating either in
voltage-mode (VM) or in current-mode (CM) have been presented in the literature. VM and CM
circuits need to be interfaced, which causes some difficulties, necessitates the use of voltage–current
(V–I) converters to circumvent the same. During V–I interfacing, it is also possible to perform the
signal processing at the same time, so that the total effectiveness of the electronic circuitry can be
ensured. Thus, there arises a need of TAM filters to meet the demanding specifications of circuit
designers.
The proposed TAM filter in this work is based on and employing a single differential
outputopamp, two inverting current conveyors (ICCIIs), two MOS resistive circuits (MRCs) and one
capacitor to implement simultaneously lowpass (LP) and bandpass (BP) filter functions working in
TAM. The circuit employs a minimum number of passive or simulated passive components. The use
of opamp pole-model has facilitated realization of second order filtering functions through reduction of
one capacitor, which is otherwise required, moreover, making the circuit suitable for high-frequency
operations. In addition, the use of MRC makes electrically tuning of central frequency 0 and quality
factor Q of the filter possible via the biasing voltage and of the MRC. The circuit has the advantage of
having high-input and high-output impedances lending cascadability to it. Thanks for the differential
output opamp by which the high input impedance and nonlinearity of the first MRC cancellation are
achieved and thanks for the ICCII element by which the high output impedance and nonlinearity of the
second MRC cancellation are achieved. The 0 and Q are independently controllable in a sequential
manner. It is worth mentioning here that the reported single amplifier biquads have large active and
passive sensitivities, which limit their range of applications [1]. Although the proposed single
amplifier based filter circuit in [2] enjoys low sensitivity figures the 0 and Q can not be electrically
tuned and it needs buffers (current followers) for obtaining output currents at high impedances. The
presented circuit in this work enjoys low sensitivity values as well as electrically tuneabilitiy of 0 and
Q. In addition, the filter permits controlling its Q factor without affecting the 0.

[1] S.I. Liu. High input impedance filters with low component spreads using current feedback
amplifiers. Electron Lett. 1042–1043 (1995).
[2] N. A. Shah, S. I. Zaffer and B. Parveen. Lowpass and bandpass transadmittance filter using
operational amplifier pole. Int. J. Electron. Commun. (AEÜ). 410 – 412 (2005).
ELA-P-031

Atomic force microscopy study of PS/PMMA blend thin films

A. MUMTAZ and M. TARIQ

Department of Physics, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, PAKISTAN


arif@qau.edu.pk

In this work we will present phase separation and surface morphology of polymer blend by
atomic force microscopy. A blend of two polymers, namely Polysterene (PS) and Poly --- (PMMA) is
spin coated on to a Silicon substrate and vacuum annealed at different temperature (150C -210C) and
blend ratios. Using atomic force microscope, force-distance curves Young modulus of matrix and
structures were determine. Identification of the two phase separated polymers is performed by
obtaining Young -modulus of the PS and PMMA. It is observed that PMMA forms a nano scale
islands in the form of disks, whereas PS prefers to be a host matrix. Our results show that the size of
the PMMA disks in PS matrix grows with the PMMA concentration. We also notice a large jump in
both the lateral size and height of the PMMA structures at some critical concentration.
ELA-P-032

Influence of Y2O3 inclusions in YBCO film on film orientation and superconducting properties

M. MOYZYKH 1, O. BOYTSOVA2, V. AMELICHEV1, S. SAMOYLENKOV 3,


I. VOLOSHIN 4 and A. KAUL1
1
Department of Chemistry,Moscow State University, RUSSIA
2
Department of Materials Science, Moscow State University, RUSSIA
3
Institute of High Temperature RAS , Moscow, RUSSIA
4
All-Russian Electrical Engineering Inst – Moscow, RUSSIA
moyzykh@gmail.com

The improvement of critical current density (Jc) in the thin films of YBa2Cu3O7 (YBCO) high
temperature superconductor (critical temperature Tc > 77K) takes much attention from scientists. To
arcieve high Jc the YBCO phase should grow having the crystallographic axis c, perpendicular to the
substrate surface (so called c-oriented YBCO). The growth of YBCO film along a-axis significantly
decreases Jc [1]. Besides orientation, nanosized particles of non-HTS phases like Y2O3 have
remarkable effect on critical current. The particular interest of this work is to clarify phase and
orientation relaionships in the films, which affect Jc.
YBCO films were synthesized using the MOCVD method, with substrate temperature of 800-
860ºC and oxygen pressure of 0.5 mbar. We use X-ray analysis for phase characterization of the films
using Rigaku SmartLab diffractometer. It is shown that films without Y 2O3-phase have much more
tendency to grow with the a-oriented YBCO, in comparison with films featuring Y2O3 parcicles in the
film structure (Fig.1). Using high-resolution electron microscopy (HREM), we estimated that Y2O3
grows in YBCO matrix as small (20x10 nm), densely distributed oriented particles.
Measuring temperature dependence of magnetic susceptibility has shown that formation of a-
oriented YBCO decreases Jc while Tc remains the same (87-88 K). Increase of Y2O3 content gives
gradual increase in Jc (Fig. 2). Such results make us consider that high Jc in Y-rich YBCO films is due
to difficulties in growth of the a-oriented YBCO in the presence of Y2O3.
2

1,0
Jc, MA/cm
I Y2O3, %

0,6
0,9
0,5
0,8
0,4

0,3
0,7

0,2 0,6

0,1 0,5
I (400) Y2O3/I(005)YBCO, %
0,0 0,4
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 0,0 0,1 0,2 0,3 0,4 0,5 0,6
I (200) YBCO, %
Fig. 1. Dependence of relative intensities Fig. 2. Influence of Y2O3 content on Jc of the
between Y2O3 phase and a-oriented YBCO, film.
referred to intensity of c-orientation.

[1] T.A. Campbell, T.J. Haugan, I. Maartense, J. Murphy, L. Brunke and P.N. Barnes, Physica C, 423,
1 (2005).
ELA-P-033

Fabrication and characterization of YBCO thin films prepared by


non-fluorine metal-organic method

M. HOSSEINI1, A.MOFTAKHARZADEH2, A. KOKABI2, F. FOROOGHI2, M. A. VESAHGI1,


H. KINDER3 and M. FARDMANESH1
1
Department of Physics, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, IRAN
2
School of Electrical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, IRAN
3
Department of Physics, Technical University of Munich, Munich, GERMANY
fardmanesh@sharif.edu

We present results of fabrication and characterization of high-Tc superconductor YBCO thin


films by a chemical metal organic deposition (MOD) method. This low cost method is based on a
fluorine-free chemical solution deposition route which was established for high quality thin films.[1] A
precursor solution of metal acetyl-acetonates was prepared with a molar ratio of Y:Ba:Cu=1:2:3. The
resulting precursor gel was spin-coated onto LaAlO3 and SrTiO3 substrates and calcined in air at
500°C. This process was repeated several times to thicken the film. Subsequently the film was
annealed at 750-770°C in a stream of argon gas with a small admixture of oxygen. During cooldown
the film was charged with oxygen at atmospheric pressure. The thickness of the film was measured
using optical spectroscopy method with 10 nm accuracy. The structure of the films was characterized
by XRD and SEM and the superconducting properties were determined by R-T and I-V measurements.
The use of the films as infrared sensors will be also reported.

[1] K. Tsukada et al, Physica C 458, 29 (2007).


LARGE SCALE APPLICATIONS

INVITED TALKS
LSA-I-002

Hydrogen cryomagnetic a possible way forward for applied superconductivity

B.A. GLOWACKI

Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, Pembroke Street, Cambridge CB2 3QZ, UK
bag10@cam.ac.uk

The current-field performance requirements for medium temperature superconductors and high
temperature superconductors, especially those with low irreversibility line, need addressing the
question of the effective cooling methods in the range of 20-30K.
Awareness of the global shortage of helium resulted from collaborative pioneering modelling
of helium resources with UKAEA and Linde/BOC, brings necessity of development of liquid
hydrogen cryomagnetic activities as an alternative cooling method.
Little attention has been paid to the hydrogen option, as direct LH2 cooling would be very
challenging solution. However, by using an intermediate low-loss pumped helium gas circuit, the
benefits of using 20K liquid hydrogen could be harnessed without encountering the direct safety
impacts of hydrogen. As a coolant, 20K helium gas has a very different characteristics than a boiling
cryogen. There will be no critical heat flux issue but under design conditions local heat transfer rates
may be lower. To underpin the necessity of such development a range of the cryomagnetic applications
will be presented and discussed including fusion magnets.
LSA-I-003

Some key issues in numerical AC loss calculations in coated conductors

N. AMEMIYA1 and N. FUJIWARA2


1
Department of Electrical Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, JAPAN
2
Superconductvity Research Laboratory / ISTEC, Tokyo, JAPAN
amemiya@kuee.kyoto-u.ac.jp

The reduction of ac losses is very important for practical ac power applications of coated
conductors. Numerical electromagnetic field analysis is a useful tool to study the mechanism of ac loss
generations, to clarify what is important for ac loss reduction, and to design conductor architectures as
well as those of electrical devices.
In this presentation, some of key issues in numerical electromagnetic field analyses for ac loss
estimation are addressed: very high cross-sectional aspect ratio of the superconductor layer of coated
conductor, its homogeneity, multifilamentary architecture, magnetism of substrate, assembled
configurations of coated conductors in coils or cables, etc. The very high cross-sectional aspect ratio of
the superconductor layer leads to a difficulty of generating meshes in the finite element modeling of its
cross-section. The superconductor layer of coated conductor is not always uniform, and experimental
determinations of its inhomogeneity and its implementation to a numerical model are essential. The
development of multifilamentary architecture is expected for ac loss reduction, and modeling 3D
multifilamentary architecture with a reasonable memory and CPU time consumptions is important.
The deformation of magnetic flux lines due to the magnetism of substrate and the hysteresis of the
magnetism of substrate itself must be considered in the analyses. Assembled coated conductors in a
coil or in a cable interfere with each other. The approaches to these key issues by the authors' group are
reviewed, and some topics in ac loss characteristics in superconducting power transmission cables are
presented.

This work was supported in part by the NEDO.


LSA-I-004

Status of high temperature superconducting motor development in Korea

Y.K. KWON, H.M. KIM, S.K. BAIK, J.D. LEE, AND Y.C. KIM, J. P. HONG and Y.S. JO

Y. K. KWON, H.M. KIM, S. K. BAIK and J.D. LEE are with the Korea Electrotechnology Research
Institute, Changwon, Gyeongnam 641-120 KOREA (corresponding author to provide phone: 82-55-
280-1651; fax: 82-55-280-1696; e-mail: ykkwon@keri.re.kr)

Y.C. KIM are with Research & Development Center, Doosan Heavy Industries & Construction Co.,
LTD., 555 Gwigok-Dong, Changwon, Gyeongnam, 641-792, KOREA (phone: 82-55-278-3723; e-
mail: moonts@doosanheavy.com)

J. P. HONG is with with Changwon National University, Sarim-Dong, Changwon, 641-773,


Gyeongnam, KOREA (corresponding author to provide phone: 82-55-279-7517; fax: 82-55-263-9956;
e-mail: jphong@sarim.changwon.ac.kr)

Y. S. YO is with the Center for Applied Superconductivity Technology, Changwon, Gyeongnam 641-
120 KOREA (corresponding author to provide phone: 82-55-280-1403; fax: 82-55-280-1049; e-mail:
ysjo@keri.re.kr)

This work is development of HTS motor at DOOSAN heavy industry with Korea
Electrotechnology Research Institute in Korea. This project is sponsored by DAPAS program which is
supported by Korea government. The final aim of the project is realization of HTS motor in the field of
industry such as large driving pumps, fans, compressors for utility and industrial environments, and
ship propulsion. In the first phase, 100hp HTS motor was developed in order to implement the
preliminary technology for the large applicable HTS motor. This machine is 4 pole, 1800 rpm
superconducting synchronous motor, and it consists of HTS rotor and air-core stator. The open circuit,
no-load, and short circuit characteristics were obtained. Also, load tests in both motor mode driven by
inverter and generator mode connected to resister load bank were conducted. All of the performance
characteristics are well fitted to the designed ones. In the second phase, 1MW HTS motor was
developed for the purpose to fully represent the design and manufacturing issues. The HTS field coil
of the developed motor is cooled by way of Neon thermosiphon mechanism and the stator coil is
cooled by water through hollow copper conductor. Results of 1MW HTS motor development such as
design, construction, and performance test are described, which was conducted at steady state in
generator mode and motor mode. In the third phase, which will be started at 2007, 5MW HTS motor is
under development for the ship propulsion. This paper represents status of high temperature
superconducting motor development at DOOSAN heavy industry with Korea Electrotechnology
Research Institute in Korea.

This work was supported by a grant from Center for Applied Superconductivity Technology of
the 21st Century Frontier R&D Program funded by the Ministry of Science and Technology, Republic
of Korea.
LSA-I-005

Korean industrial standard on DC critical current measurement method


for superconducting power cables

D.H. KIM1, J. CHO2, K. SHIM2, S.J. LEE3, S.J. CHOI3 and K.W. LEE4
1
Department of Physics, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 712-749 KOREA
2
Superconducting Devices & Cryogenics Group, Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute, Changwon 641-120 KOREA
3
Department of Electrical Engineering, Uiduk University, Gyeongju 780-713, KOREA
4
Korea Research Insititute of Science and Standards, Daejon 305-340, KOREA
dhkim@ynu.ac.kr

Recently, worldly renowned cable manufacturers and electric power companies are developing
superconducting power cables. Superconducting power cables utilize superconductor instead of copper
for existing conventional power cables, thus enabling low-loss, high-capacity electric power
transmission. Since superconducting power cables are totally different from the existing power cables
in terms of structure, equipments involved, and electric and mechanical characteristics, it is improper
to apply the standards for the copper power cables to the superconducting power cables. Besides,
superconducting related standards, domestic or international, only address the basic characteristics of
superconducting wires not cables. Therefore, a standard applicable to the superconducting power
cables is necessary.
In this work, we report on a newly issued Korean industrial standard on DC critical current
measurement method for superconducting power cables [1], which is the first nation-level strandard of
its kind in the world on the performance specifications of superconducting power cables. We define
the measurement procedure, critical current criterion, and how the critical current is extracted form the
raw data which contains the effect of the resistance of current leads and the inductance of
superconducting power cables. In particular, since the DC critical current of the superconducting
power cables may be varied according to many variables such as performance of conductors, winding
method, ramping rate of current, voltage-tap connection method for signal detection, and so on, a
reference measurement method has been discussed in the annex of the standard. Finally uncertainty
evaluation in measuring DC critical current is included. This standard aims for in-field quality
accessment of the superconducting power cables by both manufacturers and customers.

[1] KS C 6111-6 (2009) http://www.kats.go.kr


LSA-I-006

Progress in testing and analysis of Nb3Sn wires and cables for ITER

A. NIJHUIS1, E.P.A. VAN LANEN1, Y. MIYOSHI1, C. ZHOU1, F. LIU2, J. QIN2, M.J. DHALLE1,
R. POMPE VAN MEERDERVOORT1 H.J.G. KROOSHOOP and W.A.J. WESSEL2
1
Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, 7500AE Enschede, THE NETHERLANDS
2
Chinese Academy of Sciences (ASIPP), Institute of Plasma Physics, Superconducting Magnet and Energy saving Centre,
P.O Box 1126, Shushanhu road 350, Hefei, Anhui, P.R. CHINA
a.nijhuis@tnw.utwente.nl

We present the latest results of our work on ITER type strands and cable-in-conduit conductors
(CICCs). The work covers modeling and testing of strands and full-size ITER conductors and joints
extracted from full-size short sample tests.
The Nb3Sn CICCs for ITER are subjected to severe electromagnetic load, causing significant
transverse strand contact and bending strain in the Nb3Sn layers, possibly resulting in local filament
cracking and permanent degradation. In addition the joints at the extremities of the coils play a crucial
role in the current distribution and its degree of non-uniformity, for both the Nb3Sn and NbTi
conductors, and in particular for short sample testing. The effects associated with current non-
uniformity and those related to transverse load degradation are often difficult to distinguish and need
detailed quantitative modeling and dedicated tests in order to optimise the design, to qualify the
conductors correctly and come to proper solutions in solving the connected issues.
The Nb3Sn type of strands in the CICCs are subjected to uni-axial stress and strain, periodic
bending and transverse contact loads and a brief summary of the present status of strand results
obtained with the TARSIS and Pacman setups is presented. Models are under development for a better
understanding and quantitative description of the voltage and current distribution in a strand,
depending on its architecture. For this strand model, interfilament resistance data are required as a
crucial input and measurements for this purpose are ongoing. In order to fully understand the
deformation experiments on the strands in terms of voltage-current curves under various loading
conditions, not only the Ic-axial strain dependency is needed together with the spatial strain
distribution in the filamentary region but on top of that, also the spatial filament crack distribution
must be explored.
The qualification of the full-size ITER CICCs is carried out by short sample testing (3.5 m
length). The problems connected to short sample testing e.g. non uniform strand contact resistance
distribution at the extremities, distribution in the strand transverse load degradation, variation of the
cabling pattern and a distribution in the strand critical currents can affect the test data reduction in
view of the acceptance criterion, being the critical current sharing temperature. A brief overview is
given of the latest modelling results that quantify the phenomena related to this short sample and
model coil qualification testing with particular emphasis on current non-uniformity and transverse load
degradation in Nb3Sn CICCs.
LSA-I-007

Properties of ROEBEL cables from coated conductors

W. GOLDACKER, S. TREZIEVA, R. NAST, S.I. SCHLACHTER, A. DRECHSLER, F. GRILLI and


A. KUDYMOW

Karlsruhe Institute of Technology ITeP, Hrrmann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1,


76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, GERMANY
wilfried.goldacker@kit.edu

High current HTS conductors exceeding 1 kA and foreseen for AC applications require cables
from HTS conductors. The HTS ROEBEL cable from coated conductors, introduced 2005 by the
authors [1], is so far the only flat cable which has demonstrated the potential to provide both, lower
AC losses and transport currents in the kA range. We present an overview on the existing cable classes
and their properties. In particular we will address important technical features not satisfying solved so
far, as current redistribution via a moderate strand coupling, a survey about techniques for low
resistance current leads at the ends of the cables and the status of the state-of-the-art strand and cable
fabrication. Finally some selected results on the AC losses [2] will be given and possible additional
opportunities to improve the loss suppression will be discussed. Entering the current class of 10 kA
and more additional cabling techniques have to be considered. We will sketch a coated conductor cable
in conduit (CCCIC) design with preliminary experiments to show the feasibility of this innovative idea
and will estimate the potential of this new technique.

[1] W. Goldacker, R. Nast, G. Kotzyba, S.I. Schlachter, A. Frank, B. Ringsdorf, C. Schmidt and P.
Komarek, Journal of Physics, Conference Series 46, 901 (2006).
[2] S. Terzieva, M. Vojenˇciak, E. Pardo, F Grilli, A Drechsler, A. Kling, A. Kudymow, F. Gomory,
W. Goldacker, Supercond.Sci.Technol. (in press)
LSA-I-008

Hybrid physical-chemical vapor deposition for MgB2 coated-conductors

X. X. XI

Temple University, Barton Hall, Room A-116 1900 N. 13th Street Philadelphia, PA 19122USA
xiaoxing@temple.edu

MgB2 thin films and coated-conductor fibers, grown by Hybrid Physical-Chemical Vapor
Deposition (HPCVD), show extraordinarily high values of upper critical field Hc2 (over 60 T) and
irreversibility field Hirr (over 40 T), which are much higher than those of Nb-based superconductors.
This is the result of two-band superconductivity, a unique feature of MgB2, and the modification of the
inter-band and intra-band scattering of the two bands. The carbon alloying also dramatically increases
the critical current density in magnetic field. The carbon content-dependence of the lattice constants in
the HPCVD films are found to be different from those in bulk carbon-doped MgB2, which may explain
their superior high field properties. Coated conductor wires and tapes are a potentially viable approach
to turn such properties into practical high-field conductors for applications such as magnetic resonance
imaging.
LSA-I-009

Effect of strain on the critical current and flux pinning in YBa2Cu3O7- coated conductors and
Bi2Sr2Ca2Cu3Ox tapes

D.C. VAN DER LAAN1, J.F. DOUGLAS1, C.C. CLICKNER1, T.C. STAUFFER1,
L.F. GOODRICH1, T.J. HAUGAN2, P.N. BARNES2, D. ABRAIMOV3, F. KAMETANI3,
D.C. LARBALESTIER3, M.W. RUPICH4, X.Y. XIE5, A. USOSKIN6, H.C. FREYHARDT7 and
V. SELVAMANICKAM7
1
National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO 80305, USA
2
Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433, USA
3
National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA
4
American Superconductor Corporation, Westborough, MA 01598, USA
5
SuperPower Inc., Schenectady, NY 12304, USA
6
Bruker HTS, 63755 Alzenau, GERMANY
7
University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
danko@boulder.nist.gov

Strain has a large effect on the performance of YBCO coated conductors, even at levels that are too
small to mechanically damage the superconductor. The origin of this intrinsic, reversible strain effect
is not yet fully understood. Since YBCO coated conductors are granular, one of the main questions to
be answered is whether the effect occurs within the grains, at the grain boundaries, or both. To address
this question, we‘ve measured the effect of strain on the critical current density of YBCO films that
were deposited on single- and bi-crystalline SrTiO3 substrates and of patterned YBCO films that were
deposited on RABiTS templates. The results show that although grains and grain boundaries are
affected by strain in the same way, the initial strain state of the grain boundaries can be much higher
than that of the grains. With this new insight, the reversible linear change in critical current with strain
in Bi-2223 tapes can be explained as well. Strain also affects magnetic flux pinning in YBCO coated
conductors. We‘ve performed measurements of the effect of axial compressive and tensile strain on the
in-field performance of coated conductors with YBCO layers that were deposited by MOD, MOCVD,
and HR-PLD. The effect of strain on correlated and intrinsic pinning sites was studied by varying the
angle at which the magnetic field was applied. The results show that the strain effect on the critical
current is in most cases enhanced by magnetic field, which will have a major impact on the
performance of applications that operate at high field. The differences between how strain affects each
individual pinning mechanism show that there is still a lot to be learned about the strain effect in
YBCO.
LARGE SCALE APPLICATIONS

ORAL PRESENTATION
LSA-O-001

Modern trends in superconductivity and Nuclotron-based ion collider facility NICA at Dubna

A.D.KOVALENKO

Joint Institute for Nuclear Research 141980 Dubna, RUSSIA


kovalen@sunhe.jinr.ru & kovalen@dubna.ru

The Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR) in Dubna is an international research
organization established in 1956. The JINR basic facility for high-energy physics is represented since
1993 by the 6AGeV superconducting accelerator Nuclotron. The new ambitious project of the JINR,
named NICA/MPD, was started in 2006. The new facility in Dubna is aimed to provide collider
experiments with heavy ions up to uranium with a center of mass energy up to 9-11 GeV/u and an
average luminosity up to 1027 cm-2s-1. The new facility includes two linear accelerators, a new
superconducting booster synchrotron, the existing 6A·GeV superconducting Nuclotron and the new
superconducting collider consisting of two storage rings. Realization of the project will lead to the
unique conditions for the research activity. The NICA energy region is of major interest because the
highest baryon density whenever observed in a laboratory conditions can be reached there. Large-scale
application of different superconducting magnets and magnetic systems are foreseen in the facility, in
particular: the booster accelerator is based on superferric ―window frame-type" magnets with the
maximum magnetic field of 2 Т, the NICA collider magnetic system need in ―Cos (θ)‖- style curved
magnets operating at a magnetic field of 4 Т. The status of the NICA facility is presented. The
possibilities of magnets manufacturing based on the new superconductors are discussed.
LSA-O-003

YBCO pancake coils with low AC losses

V. GRINENKO1, K. NENKOV1, C. STIEHLER1, M. VOJENŢIAK2, J. ŠOUC2, G. FUCHS1 and


B. HOLZAPFEL1
1
Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research Dresden, P.O. Box 270116, D-01171 Dresden, GERMANY
2
Institute of Electrical Engineering, Centre of Excellence CENG, Slovak Academy of Sciences, D´ubravsk´a cesta 9, 842
39 Bratislava, SLOVAKIA
v.grinenko@ifw-dresden.de

Superconducting pancake coils are expected to be used for AC applications, such as


transformers, generators, AC magnets and motors. In some cases it is necessary to have coils with high
critical currents and a low number of turns. This could be realized by winding a coil from a cable
consisting of several superconducting tapes, for example Roebel cable. Unfortunately, up to now
YBCO superconducting Roebel cables of the required length are not available on the market.
Alternatively, one could use coils with turns consisting of untwisted superconducting tapes connected
in parallel. At first glance, this coil configuration looks very unfavorable with respect to AC losses for
several reasons. The first one is the non-uniform current distribution in tapes connected in parallel
which can lead to higher AC losses. The second one is that coupling current AC losses are expect to
arise in AC magnetic field when parallel superconductors are separated by a finite resistance [1]. Even
in the case of isolated tapes, this kind of AC losses should appear because the parallel superconductors
are always connected on the current leads. In this work it is shown that all these circumstances can be
overcome and low AC losses can be realized in coils with turns made from untwisted YBCO
superconducting tapes connected in parallel. In particular it is shown that these losses are comparable
with the losses in coils made from one tape with equal critical current.
Transport AC losses of several single and double-pancake racetrack-shaped YBCO coils were
investigated. The coils were wound from 4 or 3 superconducting tapes (width of 6 and 3 mm)
connected in parallel with different resistivity between the tapes. The coils‘ number of turns varies
between 11 and 36, the width of the coils is about 40 mm and its height is 70 and 200 mm respectively.
It was found that in coils with low resistivity between tapes, the transport AC losses (Qtr) per cycle as
function of the transport current (Itr) follow a quadratic law and increase with the frequency (f), i.e. Qtr
~ f ∙ Itr2 at low currents. This behavior is expected in the case, when the total AC losses are dominated
by coupling current AC losses [1]. The transport AC losses strongly increase due to coupling currents.
In contrast, the transport AC losses Qtr are nearly proportional to Itr3 and at low Itr decrease slightly
with increasing frequency if the resistivity between tapes is high. The Qtr ~ Itr3 dependence is expected
for dominating hysteresis losses [2]. Calculations suggest the decrease of AC losses Q tr with frequency
is related to coupling currents which are limited by high resistance. In optimal case coupling currents
can be small and a large coil inductance leads to nearly uniform current distribution between parallel
tapes. Finally, a critical current up to 230A at 77.5K (self field) was achieved in a double-pancake coil
with 19 turns consisting of 4 tapes (width 3mm) connected in parallel. The transport current AC losses
of this coil in self field per cycle and unit length of turn are about 5∙10 -3 J/m at AC amplitudes of
100A.

[1] Carr Jr W J Supercond. Sci. Technol. 20, 168 (2007).


[2] E. Pardo, Supercond. Sci. Technol. 21, 065014 (2008).
LSA-O-005

Electrodeposited Cu-stabilization layer for high temperature superconducting coated conductors

RAGHU N. BHATTACHARYA1 and VENKAT SELVAMANICKAM2


1
National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden CO 80401, USA
2
Superpower Inc., 450 Duane Avenue, Schenectady, NY 12304, USA and University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
Raghu.Bhattacharya@nrel.gov

High temperature superconducting (HTS) coated conductors have possibilities to be quenched


due to local defects in the conductors and over load operation. Coated conductors that are made by
deposition of thin HTS film on Hastelloy tapes or textured Ni based substrates become highly resistive
when they are quenched. Therefore, conducting layers such as Cu and Ag are necessary to attach to
the HTS tapes to stabilize and protect the conductors from burning due to quenches. The stabilizer
layers also serve as a protection layer against harsh environmental conditions. The stabilization layers
are generally dense, thermally and electrically conductive, which function to bypass electrical current
in case of failure of the superconducting layer or if the critical current of the superconducting layer is
exceeded. It may be formed by any one of various thick and thin film forming techniques, such as
laminating a pre-formed copper strip onto the superconducting tape, by using an intermediary bonding
material such as solder. Other techniques have focused on physical vapor deposition, typically
evaporation or sputtering, as well as wet chemical processing such as electroplating. The evaporation
technique is expensive and challenging to scale up because of film nonuniformity and low material
utilization. Sputtering techniques are suitable for large-area deposition; however, they also require
expensive vacuum equipment and sputtering targets. Non-vacuum electrodeposition techniques have
the potential to prepare large-area uniform precursor films using low-cost source materials and low-
cost capital equipment. Electrodeposition uses electrolysis to deposit a coating of desired form on
substrates from a solution ("bath") containing the ions of interest (e.g., Cu2+ or Ag+). Almost without
exception, one of the two phases contributing to an interface of interest in electrodeposition will be an
electrolyte, which is a phase through which charge is carried by the movement of ions. The second
phase at the boundary is the substrate, through which charge is carried by electronic movement. We
are developing a non-aqueous based Cu-stabilization layer which does not require thick Ag capping
layer. In particular, conventional solutions used in electroplating a Cu stabilizer layer are very reactive
with the superconductor layer and thus destroy the critical current capability of the superconductor
layer when plated directly on the HTS tape. It has been found that a capping layer at least 1 micron in
thickness is needed between the superconductor layer and the stabilizer layer in order to avoid such a
reaction and reduction in the critical current capability of the superconductor layer. Also, solders used
in bonding a strip of the stabilizer layer to the superconductor layer have also been found to deteriorate
the quality of the superconductor if a sufficiently thick capping layer is not used. In contrast, the non-
aqueous electroplating solution is non-reactive to the HTS layer allowing the Ag capping layer to be
reduced in thickness.
In this meeting we will discuss the recent developments of the Cu-stabilization layer.

This work has been authored by an employee of the Midwest Research Institute under contract
number DE-AC36-08GO28308 with the US. Department of Energy. The United States Government
retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the United States
Government retains a non-exclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce the
published form of this work, or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes.
LSA-O-007

Evaluation of MCDM techniques for optimal design of superconducting fault current limiters in
electrical systems

R. SHARIFI and H. HEIDARI

Center of Excellence for Power System Automation and Operation, Electrical Engineering Department
Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, IRAN
sharifi@ee.iust.ac.ir & heydari@iust.ac.ir

The short circuit capacity of electrical systems increases continuously due to development of
modern industries and interconnection of large electric networks. Higher fault currents can cause severe
mechanical and thermal stresses in generators, transformers, and other equipment that reduce security and
reliability in the system. The reduction and/or limiting the fault current would lead to a great saving from
technical and economical point of view. There are different kinds of fault current limiter (FCLs) devices
such as: power electronics, resonance circuits, and superconducting materials. The superconducting current
limiter (SFCL) has many advantageous functions such as automatic excessive current detecting, automatic
recovering and faster excessive current limiting operations. In the past two decades, several types of SFCL
presented including normal and flux flow resistive, inductive, flux-lock, and saturated core [1]. Maintaining
the superconducting state requires that the magnetic field and the current density as well as the temperature,
remain below the critical values all of which depend on interaction of the superconductor material and
electrical behavior of system. Consequently, the design process of a SFCL requires simulation and
definition of its electrical, magnetic and thermal properties in form of equivalent circuits and mathematical
models. However, any change in SFCL parameters: dimension, resistance, and operating temperature can
affect the limiting mode, quench time, and restore time. Hence, there is a compromise for an optimal
design. On the other hand, it is feasible to build commercial demonstration SFCL units only when the
effective cost reduces and the design is optimized [2].
In this paper, after simulation of electrical and thermal behavior of resistive and inductive SFCLs
and investigation on their performance variation responded to change parameters, the best design cases will
be selected by using multiple criteria decision making (MCDM) techniques. MCDM problems are
generally divided in two main categories: multiple attribute decision making (MADM) and multiple
objective decision making (MODM). MADM methods can find the best alternative or group the
alternatives into well-defined classes in a discrete environment while MODM approaches search the best
point satisfied some different goals in a continuous area. After defining the mutual relation between
criteria, a major problem occurs in order to compare of decision criteria which are grouped into two
opposite categories, usually called the benefit (reward) and the cost (regret or loss) criteria. To merge the
benefit and cost criteria, there are five important methods including: weighted sum model (WSM), analytic
hierarchy process (AHP), revised analytic hierarchy process (RAHP), weighted product model (WPM), and
multiplicative AHP [3]. As a case study in this paper, to evaluate proposed MCDM approaches in design of
superconducting fault current limiter, a model in which a SFCL is located at an outgoing feeder in a 20 kV
distribution substation will be considered and best designs will be presented.

[1] M. Noe and M. Steurer; ―High-Temperature Superconductor Fault Current Limiters: Concepts, Applications,
and Development Status,‖ Superconductor Science and Technology, 20 (2007).
[2] R. Sharifi and H. Heydari, ―Multiobjective Optimization for HTS Fault Current Limiters Based on
Normalized Simulated Annealing,‖ IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 19-4 (Aug. 2009).
[3] Evangelos Triantaphyllou and Khalid Baig, ―The Impact of Aggregating Benefit and Cost Criteria in Four
MCDA Methods,‖ IEEE Trans. Engineering Management, 52-2 (May 2005).
LSA-O-008

Study for AC loss reduction in Bi2223 tapes by introducing oxide barriers

R. INADA1, Y. OKUMURA1, T. MAKIHARA1, Y. NAKAMURA1, A. OOTA1, C.S. LI2 and


P.X. ZHANG2
1
Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi, JAPAN
2
Northwest Institute for Nonferrous Metal Research, 710016, Xi’an, P.R. CHINA
inada@eee.tut.ac.jp & oota@eee.tut.ac.jp

The reduction of AC losses in powder-in-tube (PIT) processed Bi-2223 tapes with silver sheath is
one of the crucial issues for the realization of practical AC power devices such as cables, motors and
transformers. The large loss generation for the tape subjected to an AC external magnetic field is mainly
attributed to the strong electromagnetic coupling between the superconducting filaments. In this study, we
fabricated Bi2223 tapes with interfilamentary oxide barriers and examined the effect of barrier introduction
on loss reduction in an AC perpendicular magnetic field around power-grid frequency range.
The conventional PIT method was used for barrier tape fabrication. In order to avoid the side effect
on Bi2223 phase formation during sintering, SrZrO3 with mean grains size below 1 m was selected for
barrier materials [1, 2]. Moreover, 20wt% Bi2212 was mixed with SrZrO3 to improve its ductility for cold
working. 19 pieces of monocore Ag-sheathed rod were dip-coated by the oxide barriers with slurry before
stacking into a honeycomb structure. By improving twisting process and reducing the width of a fully
reacted tape into 2.7 mm, the degradation of Jc due to tight filament twisting with its length Lt below 8 mm
was suppressed within 25%, compared with non-twisted barrier tape (= 18-19 kA/cm2 at 77 K and self-
field).
Figure 1 shows the perpendicular field
amplitude dependence of magnetization losses at 77
K and 45 Hz for a twisted barrier tape (Lt = 4 mm, Jc
= 13 kA/cm2). From the frequency dependence of
losses, we confirmed that the coupling frequency fc
for this tape in a AC perpendicular field was
increased around 200 Hz. As can be seen, the loss
values at 30 or 50 mT were clearly reduced by 50%
or 40% compared with the fully-coupled 2.7 mm-
width sample. These reduction ratios are
corresponding to 30% and 40%, compared with the
conventional 4 mm-width sample with fully coupled
filaments. We believe that further improvements of
both transport Jc and barrier continuity among the
filaments should lead to loss reduction in higher
field range.
This work was partially supported by Grant-
in-Aids for Scientific Research (No. 20686020) Figure 1. Field amplitude dependence of AC
from MEXT of Japan, TEPCO Research Foundation magnetization losses at 77 K and 45 Hz for
and Research Foundation of the Electro-technology twisted barrier tape with Lt = 4 mm in a
of Chubu (No. R-20302). perpendicular field.

[1] G. Witz, M. Dhallé, R. Passerini, X.-D. Su, Y.B. Huang, A. Erb and R. Flükiger, Cryogenics 41, 97 (2001).
[2] R. Inada, Y. Nakamura, A. Oota, C.S. Li and P.X. Zhang, Supercond. Sci. Technol. 22, 083014 (2009).
LARGE SCALE APPLICATIONS

POSTER PRESENTATION
LSA-P-001

Cryogen-free 23 T superconducting magnet employing


YBa2Cu3O7 coated conductor insert coil

K. WATANABE, S. AWAJI and G. NISHIJIMA

High Field Laboratory for Superconducting Materials, Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University,
Sendai 980-8577, JAPAN
kwata@imr.tohoku.ac.jp

We have successfully constructed an 18.1 T superconducting magnet conductively cooled by a


GM/JT cryocooler. The double-pancake insert coil using Ag-sheathed Bi2Sr2Ca2Cu3O10 (Bi2223) tape
with stainless steel reinforcement tape generated 2.5 T in a 15.5 T background magnet. In order to
develop a cryogen-free high field superconducting magnet producing over 20 T, an YBa2Cu3O7
(Y123) coated conductor insert coil is intended for upgrading the cryogen-free 18 T superconducting
magnet. The Bi2223 insert coil, whose size is 176 mm outer diameter, 90 mm inner diameter, and 252
mm coil height, is now excited at 162 A operation current, and will be replaced by a new Y123 insert
coil. We have already confirmed excellent mechanical properties of 1000 MPa hoop stress tolerance
for Y123 coated conductor tape with Hastelloy substrate. This means that we no longer need stainless
steel reinforcement for the insert coil. As a result, an Y123 insert coil with almost the same size as the
Bi2223 insert coil is designed to generate 7.5 T at 187 A, because the number of turns can be improved
extremely. A cryogen-free 23 T superconducting magnet can sufficiently be developed for a long-term
experiment at a constant high magnetic field.
LSA-P-002

Losses in coated conductors under non-sinusoidal currents and magnetic fields

G. FURMAN, M. SPEKTOR, V. MEEROVICH and V. SOKOLOVSKY

Physics Department, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, 84105, ISRAEL


gregoryf@bgu.ac.il

Study of AC losses in superconducting wires and tapes is usually restricted by consideration of


applied sinusoidal currents and/or magnetic fields. However, currents in electric power systems
contain a wide variety of harmonics. The currents become strongly non-sinusoidal at the operation of
converters, non-linear reactors, and during transient and overload conditions. Recently it has been
shown that the contribution of higher harmonics to AC losses in superconducting bulk and thin film
samples can be tens times larger than in normal-metal samples of the same form and the 5% harmonic
can increase the losses by up to 20%. Here we report the results of the analysis of the influence of
higher harmonics of the current and magnetic field on AC losses in coated conductors. Analytical
expressions are obtained in the framework of the critical state model neglecting response of the normal
metal substrate and stabilization layers. Losses in the superconducting and normal-metal parts of
coated a conductor are compared for various designs of the conductor. It is also shown that the 5%
harmonic can increase the losses in the normal-metal parts by up to 30%. This increase is caused by
non-linear response of superconducting layers and should be taken into account at determination of the
optimal operation regimes of superconducting devices.
LSA-P-003

The Zr-doped REBCO films grown by TFA-MOD method

I. BIRLIK1, E. CELIK1, M. ERBE2 and B. HOLZAPFEL2


1
Dokuz Eylül Üniversity,Faculty of Engineering, Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, 35160, Izmir,
TURKEY
2
Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, Institute for Metallic Materials, Dresden, IFW, Helmholtzstrasse
20, D-01069, Dresden, GERMANY
isil.kayatekin@deu.edu.tr

High temperature superconductors (HTS) need to carry a high critical current density (Jc) under
high magnetic fields and have low-cost growth process in order to be applicable for practical
applications. An increase in coated conductor performance can be achieved by introducing nano-sized
particles as artificial pinning centers within the REBCO layer. The chemical solution deposition
method is a very promising route to achieve low-cost, high performance coated conductors, besides
pinning centers can be easily introduced to the structure at the precursor solution step. In this work,
REBCO films with Zr doping have been prepared by the trifluoroacetate metal-organic deposition
(TFA-MOD) method through dissolving different amounts of Zr (IV)-penthanedionate into the
precursor solution. Coating process with respect to the different solution properties and heat treatment
conditions were investigated. Surface morphology of films was observed by Scanning Electron
Microscope (SEM). Phase analysis of the doped and undoped samples was performed by X-Ray
diffractometer (XRD), critical transition temperature (Tc) and critical current densities (Jc) were
reported as a function of dopant concentration.
LSA-P-004

Studies of textured La2Zr2O7 buffer layers for YBCO coated conductors

L. ARDA1, H. O. GULSOY2, M.A. AKSAN3 and S. ALTIN3


1
Bahcesehir University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Besiktas Campus, 34349, Besiktas, Istanbul, TURKEY
2
Marmara University, Technical Education Faculty, Goztepe Campus, 34722, Goztepe, Istanbul, TURKEY
3
. Inonu University, Faculty of Sciences and Arts, Department of Physics, 44280 Malatya, TURKEY
lutfi.arda@bahcesehir.edu.tr

In this research, preparation, growth, structure and texture analyses of La2Zr2O7 thin and thick
films were investigated. Textured La2Zr2O7 buffer layers were grown on biaxially textured-Ni (100)
substrates using various starting precursors of La and Zr to obtain textured smooth films via chemical
solution deposition. Different thicknesses of buffer layers, annealed at various temperatures, were tried
to observe the effects of thickness and temperature on texture and microstructure properties. The /2
scan, pole figure and texture analyses (in plane and out of plane) of Ni substrate and buffer layers were
examined. The surface morphologies and microstructure of all samples were characterized by ESEM,
EDS. The pole figure texture analyses of La2Zr2O7 have shown a single cube-on-cube textured
structure.
LSA-P-005

Development of a simplified biaxially textured buffer architecture based on IBAD-TiN for


coated conductor applications

R. GÄRTNER, R. HÜHNE, K. GÜTH, R. KALTOFEN, L. SCHULTZ and B. HOLZAPFEL

IFW Dresden, Dresden, GERMANY


r.gaertner@ifw-dresden.de

Ion Beam Assisted Deposition (IBAD) offers the possibility to prepare thin textured films on
amorphous or non-textured substrates. Whereas IBAD-MgO layers are already in use for long-length
coated conductors, other materials like TiN might be applied in the same way as they show a similar
strong cube texture at a thickness of less than 10 nm, if an amorphous or nanocrystalline seed layers is
used. Accordingly, cube textured IBAD-TiN layers have been deposited reactively using pulsed laser
deposition on polished metal tapes as Hastelloy or stainless steel with an additional amorphous seed
layer. The textured layers were used afterwards as templates for a coated conductor architecture.
Considering a low-cost process, the number of subsequent buffer layers is one of the main criteria.
Therefore, different ways to simplify the buffer-architecture have been studied in detail. Among them,
an amorphous metallic TaxNi1−x seed layer was tested successfully for the IBAD-process on metallic
substrates leading to highly textured TiN films. An additional SrZrO3 buffer grows epitaxially and as a
result, biaxially textured YBCO layers were obtained showing an in-plane alignment well below 10°
and a maximum critical current density of about 0.8 MAcm-2 at liquid nitrogen temperature in self-
field.
LSA-P-006

Optimization of a gap between pancake windings in a superconducting magnet by using


Response Surface Method

M. KANG, M. KU, Y. KIM, H. LEE and G. CHA

Department of Electrical Engineering, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, KOREA


gsoocha@sch.ac.kr

When there is a gap between pancake windings in a resistive magnet, the central magnetic field
decreases because the distance between pancake windings and the center of a magnet increases. When
there is a gap in a superconducting magnet, the central magnetic field may increase because the critical
current increases or it may decrease because the distance between pancake windings and the center of
a magnet increases. If the effect of the former is larger than that of the latter, the magnetic field
increases. If it increases, there is an optimum gap which maximizes the central magnetic field.[1] The
field homogeneity near the center of the magnet also increases when there is a gap.
The effects of a gap at a high temperature superconducting magnet which has an insert magnet
and an outsert magnet are examined. Both magnets consist of pancake windings. The optimum gap of
an insert magnet and an outsert magnet are calculated by using response surface method. Response
surface method is a measure to draw the surface of an objective function and it is known to be able to
reduce the computation time and number of experiments needed to draw the response surface.[2] The
objective function is set to the central magnetic field of the superconducting magnet and it is
maximized. The insert magnet consists of 8 YBCO-344s pancake windings. The number of turns of a
pancake winding and the inner diameter of the insert magnet are 60 turns and 40 mm, respectively.
The outsert magnet consists of 12 BSCCO-2223 pancake windings. The number of turns of a pancake
winding and the inner diameter of the outsert magnet are 100 turns and 115 mm, respectively.
A gap of an outsert magnet increases the central magnetic field because the critical current
increases as the magnetic field decreases. On the other hand, a gap of an insert magnet decreases the
central magnetic field because the magnetic field applied to the insert magnet varies only a little by the
insertion of a gap in the insert magnet. Most part of the magnetic field applied to the insert magnet is
provided by the outsert magnet which surrounds the insert magnet. Considering that, the gap between
the pancake windings of the insert magnet varies in a relatively short range from 0 to 4 mm during the
calculation. The gap between the pancake windings of the outsert magnet varies from 0 to 12 mm.
The calculation results show the optimum gap of the insert magnet and the outsert magnet are 0
and 10.3 mm, respectively. When there is a gap of 10.3 mm in the outsert magnet only, the critical
current of the outsert magnet increases by 79.3% from 27.58 A to 49.46 A and the central magnetic
field increased by 11.4% from 604.2 mT to 542.6 mT. The field homogeneity also increases when
there is a gap of 10.3 mm. RSM is proved to be an effective mean for finding optimum gaps in a
shorter time comparing with other non-deterministic optimization technique.

[1] M. Kang et al., ―Optimal Air Gap Between Pancake Windings in HTS Magnet Consisting of Insert
and Outsert Magnet,‖ presented at the MT21, 2009, 2IP-01.
[2] R. H. Myers and D.C. Montgomery, Response Surface Methodology: John Wiley & Sons, 2002.
LSA-P-007

Properties of a BSCCO superconducting magnet with a gap between pancake windings

MYUNGHWAN KU, MYUNGHUN KANG, YOUNGMIN KIM, HEEJOON LEE and


GUEESOO CHA

Soonchunhyang University, Asan, 336-745, KOREA


gsoocha@sch.ac.kr

When there is a gap between pancake windings of a superconducting magnet, the critical
current increases because the applied magnetic field decreases, In a high temperature superconducting
(HTS) magnet manufactured with an anisotropic HTS wire[1], inserting a gap can homogeneity of the
magnetic field near the center of the magnet also increases because pancake windings spread out in a
wider area, An intentional gap between pancake windings of some superconducting magnets have been
inserted to increase the field homogeneity[2], but no intentional gap has been inserted to increase the
central magnetic field.
This paper shows the effects of the gap between a pancake winding on the magnitude and the
homogeneity of the magnet field. The critical current of each pancake winding and the generated
voltage of each turn of pancake windings are shown. Ic-B relation and E-J relation of a HTS wire are
used to calculate the critical current of pancake windings. The central magnetic field and the field
homogeneity at various gaps are calculated for an HTS magnet manufactured with 6 pancake
windings.
The calculation result shows the optimum gap which maximizes the central magnetic field is 10
mm. When there is a gap, the critical current of the HTS magnet increases by 74.8% from 28.6 A (no
gap) to 50.0 A (10 mm gap) and the central magnetic field increased by 19.7% from 274 mT (no gap)
to328 mT (10 mm gap). The increment of the critical current was due to the decrement of the
perpendicular magnetic field applied to the outermost pancake winding. The non-uniformity decreases
from 2.2% to 0.4%, which was the difference of the magnetic field between the center of the magnet
and 10 mm along the axis of the magnet divided the magnetic field at the center.
An HTS magnet manufactured with 6 double pancake windings are constructed to prove the
results of computation. Number of turns of a double pancake winding is 200 turns and BSCCO-2223
wire is used as an HTS wire. 10 mm gap is inserted between double pancake windings. The double
pancake winding at as two single pancake winding except there is no connection between two
windings of a double pancake winding.
According to the result of computation, 10 mm gap is provided between each pancake winding.
The measured critical current of the magnet and the central magnetic field were 50.0 A and 323 mT,
respectively. Both values are agreed very well with the calculated ones. Test results show the optimum
gap between the pancake windings increases the central magnetic field and the field homogeneity of an
HTS magnet.

[1] M. Kang, M. Ku, Y. Kim, H. Lee, G. Cha ―Optimization of a Gap between Pancake windings in a
Superconducting Magnet by using Response Surface Method,‖ in ICSM2010, this conference.
[2] Th. Schild, G. Aubert, C. Berriaud, Ph. Bredy, F. P. Juster, C. Meuris, F. Nunio, L. Quettier, J. M.
Rey, and P. Vedrine, ―The Iseult/Inumac Whole Body 11.7 T MRI Magnet Design,‖ IEEE Trans.
Appl. Supercond., vol. 18, no. 2, pp.904-907, 2008.
LSA-P-008

A ferromagnetic shimming method for NMR/MRI magnets adopting two consecutive optimizing
techniques: Linear programming and evolution strategy

SANGJIN LEE1, SEUNGYONG HAHN2 and KIDEOK SIM3


1
Department of Electrical Engineering, Uiduk University, Gyeongju, 780-713 KOREA
2
Fransis Bitter Magnet Labolatory, MIT, Cambridge, MA, 02139 USA
3
Superconductivity Center, KERI, Changwon, 641-120 KOREA
sjlee@uu.ac.kr

The shimming technique is one of key technologies for nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)
magnets to take high resolution MR images by providing uniform field homogeneity, < 0.1 ppm, in a
target DSV (Diameter Spherical Volume.) There are two types of shimming, active and passive.
While active shimming incorporates a set of superconducting or copper coils with adjustable current
that may be placed inside or outside a main coil [1], passive shimming involves pieces of iron with
consistent manetic permeability that are placed in a room temperature bore of magnets in usual. Once
the iron pieces are magnetized under an external field larger than the saturation point, they may be
considered as constant magnetic dipoles which cancel out spatial field impurities in a DSV in a way
that the total field becomes more homogeneous.
In this paper, we developed a passive shimming method adopting consecutive optimizing
techniques: a) linear programming (LP) and; b) evolution strategy (ES). The LP is fast and reliable to
guarantee a global minimum in linear problems, while the ES is easy to be formulated and can digitize
design variables. So we adopted these optimizing methods consecutively for passive shimming of
NMR magnets [2] and obtained a good homogeneity such as Fig. 1.

Fig. 1. An example of ferromagnetic shimming for NMR magnet.

[1] W. A. Anderson, ―Electrical Current Shims for Correcting Magnetic Fields‖, The Review of
Scientific Instruments, 32, 241-250 (1961).
[2] Seung-yong Hahn, J. Bascunan, Woo-Seok Kim, E. S. Bobrov, Haigun Lee, Y. Iwasa, ―Field
Mapping, NMR Lineshape, and Screening Currents Induced Field Analyses for Homogeneity
Improvement in LTS/HTS NMR Magnets‖, IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, Vol.
18, No. 2, pp. 856-859, June 2008.
LSA-P-009

Pulse field magnetization of a 75 YBCO bulks surface mounted rotor of HTS motor

WEI XIAN, YU YAN, WEIJIA YUAN and T.A. COOMBS

Engineering Department, University of Cambridge, UK


wx210@cam.ac.uk

Pulse field magnetization (PFM) is one of most popular superconductor magnetizing solutions
due to lower heating generation, lower requirement on magnetizing coil and device, etc. A high
temperature superconducting (HTS) motor which has 75 YBCO bulks surface mounted on the rotor
has been developed in Cambridge University. A PFM experiment system using capacitor bank is set up
for magnetizing the rotor. It trapped the magnetic field of 800mT on each pole of rotor with peak
applied field of 2T. The trapped field distribution of rotor in 360 degrees is discussed. And the effect
on trapped field by number of pulses was also studied on single YBCO bulk.
LSA-P-010

AC loss of a multi-layer per phase tri-axial HTS cable with balanced current distribution

A. N. OZCIVAN, M. TODA,N. HU, K. HOSHINO, T. YAGAI, M. TSUDA and T. HAMAJIMA

Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, JAPAN


anuri@ecei.tohoku.ac.jp

Recently, high temperature superconductor (HTS) cables have been widely studied because of
their compactness and high power capacity compared to conventional copper cables. In HTS cables,
AC loss is an important issue since large losses reduce the efficiency of the power line.
Among HTS cables, tri-axial cable is under intensive investigation recently, since it has less
amount of HTS tapes, small leakage fields and small heat loss in leak when compared with the three
single-phase cables. For realizing high current capacity, more than one layer should be required for
each phase; therefore AC loss of the multi-layer tri-axial HTS cable should be carefully examined.
In a tri-axial cable, different phase currents produce the out-of-phase magnetic fields on the
other phase layers. In case of multi-layer arrangement, net magnetic fields on layer surfaces may
exceed penetration field of the HTS tape. Therefore in this paper, we analyze the AC loss of a tri-axial
HTS cable which is composed of two layers per phase. Here, we treat the tri-axial cable which consists
two different longitudinal segments and thus satisfies balanced phase and homogenous current
distribution condition by controlling twist pitch and length of separate segments.

[1] T. Hamajima, M. Tsuda and T. Yagai, Teion Kogaku, 40–10, 425 (2000).
[2] T. Hamajima, T. Yagai, M. Tsuda, S. Monma, H. Satoh and K. Shimoyama, IEEE Trans. Appl.
Supercond. 17, 1692 (2007).
[3] K. Kawasaki, K. Kajikawa, M. Iwakuma and K. Funaki, Physica C 357–360, 1205 (2001).
[4] A. N. Ozcivan, K. Shimoyama, S. Soeda, T. Yagai, M. Tsuda, T. Hamajima, Physica C, 468(1),
2033 (2008).
LSA-P-013

Design of improve matrix type SFCL with 1 x 3 matrix module and 2 x 3 matrix module

D.C. CHUNG1, B.H. YOO1, Y.S. CHO2, B.I. JUNG2 and H.S. CHOI2
1
Department of Electric and Electronic Eng., Woosuk University, Wanju, Jeonbuk, 560-756, REPULIC OF KOREA
2
Department of Electric and Electronic Eng., Chosun University, Gwanju, REPULIC OF KOREA
dchung@woosuk.ac.kr

In this work, we propose the improved matrix-type superconducting fault current limiter
(MFCL). Our MFCL reported in this work has a unique structure that easily increase the limiting
capacity of superconducting fault current limiters (SFCL), by using connection in series and parallel
among simple matrix modules. Also it can improve quench characteristics of superconducting
elements in MFCL, by inducing strong magnetic field. Our MFCL structure is simply constructed by
mounting superconducting elements, consists of a trigger element and superconducting elements in a
single reactor. However old MFCL designs require complex wiring among several reactors for proper
operation. We report the experimental results for our MFCLs with 1x3 superconducting modules and
2x3 superconducting modules. Also, we discuss a compact design, better quench characteristics and an
easily adjustable increment of the capacity for fault current limiting, compared with old type MFCLs.
LSA-P-014

Current distribution in YBCO coated conductors of a toroidal coil composed of multiple


pancake coils

M. TSUDA, T. YAGAI and T. HAMAJIMA

Department of Electrical Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, JAPAN


tsuda@ecei.tohoku.ac.jp

YBCO coated conductor is one of the promising coil conductors for SMES, DC reactor,
transformer, current limiter, and so on. To increase the current carrying capacity of the coil conductor,
multiple YBCO tapes are stacked due to high cross-section aspect ratio of each YBCO tape. Since the
mutual inductance among the tapes in the stacked conductor is almost the same with the self-
inductance of each tape, the current distribution among the tapes depends on a little difference between
the self- and mutual inductances. This means that non-uniform current distribution in a stacked
conductor is easily caused by the difference of self-inductance among multiple tapes due to
manufacturing errors of tape size, coil size, conductor deformation, and so on.
We have analytically investigated the relationship between the current distribution in a stacked
conductor and the manufacturing error of tape thickness and obtained a result that non-uniform current
distribution could be occurred even in a transposed conductor due to the manufacturing error of tape
thickness [1]. In the analysis, a simple circuit model of one double pancake coil wound by transposed
two parallel YBCO tapes was adopted. The current distribution in the two parallel tapes of one double
pancake coil, however, is not necessarily the same with that of a toroidal coil composed of multiple
double pancake coils. Therefore, we investigated influence of the manufacturing error of tape size and
the number of tapes in a stacked conductor on the current distribution in the stacked conductor of the
multiple pancake coils.
To prevent the non-uniform current distribution in the stacked conductor due to the
manufacturing error, we have proposed adopting parallel double pancake coils with single tape
conductor instead of one double pancake coil with multi-tape conductor [1]. It is, however, expected
that the connecting method among the parallel pancake coils affects current distribution among the
parallel pancake coils. Therefore, dependence of the connecting method on the current distribution in
the parallel pancake coils and the suitable connecting method for realizing uniform current distribution
were investigated analytically.

[1] M. Tsuda, T. Yagai, T. Hamajima, ―Suitable Method for Increasing Current Carrying Capacity of
HTS Toroidal Coils for SMES and DC Reactor‖, presented at MT21, Hefei, China (2009).
LSA-P-015

Design of ferromagnetic parts in practical high temperature superconductor applications

M. VOJENCIAK

Institute of Electrical Engineering, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, SLOVAKIA


elekvoje@savba.sk

High temperature superconductors have advantage of high current density and low loss in
comparison to conventional conductors. However, both advantages are strongly affected by magnetic
field in practical applications like winding of motors, generators and transformers. Effort to minimize
magnetic field on the superconductor surface using ferromagnetic parts took place recently. No
systematic approach has been applied in recent works and ferromagnetic materials were mainly chosen
from easy available materials. This contribution is dealing with design of the ferromagnetic parts and
demands on used ferromagnetic material. A numerical method is employed to calculate performance of
the particular ferromagnetic part and consequently optimization of material parameters. More complex
but realistic material properties are considered in our calculations. This paper summarizes properties of
actual ferromagnetic materials and possibilities to use them for magnetic shielding of the device
superconducting parts.
LSA-P-016

HTS SMES applied for the frequency stabilization of wind power generation system

M. PARK1, A.R. KIM1, K.M. KIM1, G.H. KIM1, I.K. YU1, S.H. KIM2, K. SIM2, M.H. SOHN2 and
K.C. SEONG2
1
Changwon National University, 9 sarim-dong, Changwon, 641-773, KOREA
2
Superconducting Device & Cryogenics Group, Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute, Changwon, 641-120, KOREA
paku@changwon.ac.kr

Dispersed power generation systems are expected as important electric power supply systems
for the next generation. If, however, a large number of dispersed power generators are connected to the
grid system, their output can cause serious power quality problems, that is, frequency and voltage
fluctuations may happen.
In order to solve these problems, the smoothing control of wind power generator output is very
important. In addition, Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage (SMES) system is surely one of the
key technologies to overcome these fluctuations. The SMES system can compensate even small
disturbances.
In case of over MJ class SMES system, it is expensive and difficult to manufacture and operate
in a laboratory. In addition, SMES system is very sensitive to the heat generated by the operational
losses under the conduction cooling condition. Therefore, the simulation of those operational
characteristics of SMES is strongly recommended in advance utility level applications. Existing
simulation schemes can‘t consider the significant characteristics such as loss, heat and temperature
variation because only inductance and operating current of superconducting magnet are included in the
simulation model.
In order to overcome above mentioned limitations, the authors designed and manufactured a
small scale toroidal-type HTS SMES system and proposed RTDS (Real Time Digital Simulator) based
power quality enhancement simulation method [1, 2]. Using this simulation scheme, the electrical and
thermal characteristics can be considered without losing the real physical characteristics of SMES
system. Users are able to analyze the effectiveness of SMES system for enhancing power quality
problems of grid connected dispersed power generation system.

[1] H.Y. Jung, A.R. Kim, J.H Kim, Mohd. Hasan Ali , M. Park, I. K. Yu, H.J. Kim, S.H. Kim and K.C.
Seong, IEEE Trans. 19, 3, 2028 (2009).
[2] A.R. Kim, H.Y. Jung, J.H Kim, Mohd. Hasan Ali , M. Park, I. K. Yu, H.J. Kim, S.H. Kim and K.C.
Seong, Physica C, 468, 15-20, 2104 (2008).
LSA-P-017

A finite element analysis on the magnetic flux distribution of a synchronous DC superconducting


electric motor

N.A. HAMID, K.M. CHIN and K.W. SEE

Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, College of Engineering,


Universiti Tenaga Nasional, 43009 Kajang, Selangor, MALAYSIA
Nasri@uniten.edu.my

Advances in high temperature superconductors (HTSC) are enabling a new class of


synchronous rotating machines to be developed. Superconducting motor is one of the electrical devices
that attracted the attention of engineers and researchers due to its distinctive energy efficiency. In
developing a superconducting motor, one of the important aspects is to optimize the magnetic flux
distribution to produce torque. Most motor designs require an air gap between the rotor and stator to
enable the armature to rotate freely. The interaction of magnetic flux from rotor and stator within the
air gap will provide the thrust for rotational motion. Thus, the understanding of magnetic flux in the
vicinity of the air gap is very important to mathematically calculate the magnetic flux generated in the
area. In this work, a finite element analysis was employed to study the behavior of the magnetic flux in
view of designing a synchronous DC superconducting electric motor. The analysis provides the ideal
magnetic flux distribution within the components of the motor. From the flux plot analysis, it indicates
that flux losses are mainly in the forms of leakage and fringe effect. The analysis also shows that the
flux density is high at the area around the air gap and the rotor. The high flux density will provide a
high force area that enables the rotor to rotate. In contrast, the other parts of the motor body do not
show high flux density indicating low distribution of flux. Consequently, a bench top model of a DC
superconducting motor was developed based on the modeling and simulation of the flux. Motor with a
2-pole type winding was chosen in the development of the motor. Each field coil was designed with a
racetrack-shaped double pancake wound using DI-BSCCO Bi-2223 superconducting tapes. The
performance and energy efficiency of the superconducting motor was superior when compared to the
conventional motor with similar capacity.
LSA-P-018

Superconductor losses and damping effects at zero field cooling and field cooling conditions in a
HTSC-magnet levitation system

B. PAINHO1, J.A. DENTE2 and P.J. COSTA BRANCO2


1
Dept.t of Electric and Computers Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Lisboa, PORTUGAL
2
Center for Inovation in Electric and Energy Enginnering (CIEEE), Lisboa, PORTUGAL
pbranco@ist.utl.pt

Using a superconductor (HTS) maglev system, we investigated the forces and damping effects
between a permanent-magnet guideway (Fig. 1(a)) and a two-rail HTS structure (Fig. 1(b)) under zero
field cooling (ZFC) and field cooling (FC) conditions. The forces were measured under different ZFC
and FC heights [1]. The damping effect was also measured but under different lateral displacements of
the HTSs [2]. Fig. 1(c) shows the measurement device: vehicle, PM guideway, and force sensor. Fig.
1(d) presents the results of the ZFC test, where the levitation force shows a hysteresis phenomenon.
Besides, if there is a repetition of this process, Fig. 1(d) shows that there is a tendency to reduce the
area of the hysteresis loop, indicating the presence of a transitory phenomenon in the maglev system.
Fig. 1(e) presents the FC tests effectuated at different heights. The force had a significant
reduction compared with the ZFC results, and now can change from a repulsive force to an attractive
one in the height where the cooling had place. To characterize the guidance force when in the FC
condition, a device was developed as shown in Fig. 1(f). This apparatus allows to change the distance
between magnets and superconductors laterally, and thus to obtain the guidance force as function of
position. Fig. 1(g) shows the results with the inherent stability of the FC condition. Notice that when
the HTSs turn to the starting position, the force value is not zero. This result implies that the
equilibrium position changes with the HTSs lateral movement, also showing hysteresis and thus power
losses at the superconductors. In order to characterize the superconductors‘ losses in FC and ZFC
cooling, measurements were performed using the structure of Fig. 1(h), to give the vertical position of
superconductors as a function of time. The results were obtained by releasing the vehicle from a
specified height. Fig. 1(i) shows the position evolution to each cooling. Damping in the FC condition
is greater than in ZFC, resulting in a quickly stabilization of the vehicle but with higher HTS losses.

[1] J. Zhou, X. Zhang and Y. Zhou, Physica C 469, 207 (2009).


[2] W.Yang, et. All., Superconductor Science and Technology 281 (2007).
LSA-P-019

Development of new superconducting fault current limiter integrated into the power
transformer

YONG-SUN CHO, BYUNG-IK JUNG, HYO-SANG CHOI and DONG-CHUL CHUNG


1
Department of Electrical Engineering, Chosun University, KOREA
2
Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Woosuk University, KOREA
cys5144@hotmail.com

The existing complex power systems require the early application of the superconducting fault
current limiter (SFCL) because of their problems. The SFCL, however, is difficult to develop because
high cost is required for a number of superconducting units and for cooling, and the critical behaviors
of superconducting units are unstable. This study proposes a type of SFCL that can be combined with
the power transformers that are now used in the power systems. This device comprises a power
transformer with a tertiary winding, a superconducting fault current limiter, and a high speed switch.
The SFCL uses the tertiary winding of the power transformer, and performs only the step-up or step-
down for the transformer when normal current flows. When a fault occurs, however, the CT detects the
fault current and turns the high speed switch on. The superconducting unit that is serially connected to
the high speed switch is quenched by the fault current induced in the tertiary winding and limits the
fault current. In this SFCL, the ratio of the tertiary winding can be adjusted to control the value of fault
current, and the simultaneous quenching between superconducting units can also be induced. By
combining the superconducting power device with existing power devices, it is expected that the
problems occurring from its application to the power system can be solved.
LSA-P-020

Measurement and separation of magnetic losses at room and cryogenic temperature for three
types of steels used in HTS transformers

A.GONÆALVES PRONTO, M. VENTIM NEVES and A. LEÃO RODRIGUES

Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Quinta da Torre, Caparica, PORTUGAL
amg1@fct.unl.pt

The magnetic losses of steels used in high temperature superconducting (HTS) transformers are
very important for the transformer‘s efficient design and for a correct choice of operating conditions.
This introduced the necessity to analyze electrical steels behaviour at low temperature in order to
characterize their magnetic properties and, in particular, the magnetic losses. Three steels were chosen
for this analysis: one non-oriented commercial silicon steel and two grain-oriented silicon steels of
different thicknesses and chemical composition. Several measurements of total magnetic losses were
made at liquid nitrogen temperature (77K) and room temperature (293K) and for different values of
maximum magnetic induction, in order to compare the dependence between them at both temperatures.
These results are presented in [1]. Subsequently, measurements of hysteresis losses (in DC regime) at
both temperatures were also made in order to obtain all terms of magnetic losses (hysteresis, classical
eddy-current losses and excess losses) in function of maximum induction and to analyse individually
their temperature dependence. This paper presents and analysis the temperature dependence of all
magnetic losses terms emphasizing the non-expected behaviour of them under strong magnetic
saturation.

[1] A.Gonçalves Pronto, M. Ventim Neves, S. Valtchev and A. Leão Rodrigues, Analysis of magnetic
properties of steels used in HTS transformers‘ cores at cryogenic and room temperature, European
Conference on Applied Superconductivity, Dresden, September (2009).
LSA-P-021

3 dimensional electromagnetic analysis of a superconducting homopolar motor

S.K. BAIK1, Y.K. KWON1, J.D. LEE1 and Y.C. KIM2


1
Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute, Changwon, KOREA
2
Doosan Heavy Industries, Changwon, KOREA
skbaik@keri.re.kr

The superconducting motor uses superconducting coil that is located in the rotor or the stator of
it. Most of heteropolar superconducting motors developed so far consist of superconducting field coils
located in the rotors. Therefore, those motors need complicated cryogenic cooling systems and special
sealing techniques to supply coolants into the rotors. In case of the homopolar machine, however, the
coils do not move. So it is possible to cool down the coils through simple cooling methods such as
conduction cooling or recondensation of cryogenic coolants. In this paper, a small homopolar machine
is considered for our research. This machine has been used for a DC generator to supply electric power
in an armored vehicle. We changed the field coil with a superconducting solenoid made up with Bi-
2223 high-temperature superconducting(HTS) coils. The back-EMF(Electromotive Force) of this
modified machine was calculated by 3 dimensional magnetic field analysis. This machine will be used
as a test sample to verify accuracy of the ananysis.

This research was supported by a grant from Center for Applied Superconductivity Technology
of the 21st Century Frontier R&D Program funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and
Technology, Republic of Korea.
LSA-P-022

Modification in many-layers YBCO(123) tapes under the action of irradiation by high energy
electron and heavy ion beams

L.KH. ANTONOVA1, A.G. BELOV 2, E.I. DEMIKHOV 3, A.YU. DIDYK2, G.N. MIKHAІLOVA1,
V.A. MAL‘GINOV 3, A.V. TROITSKIІ1 and V.V. VORONOV1
1
Prokhorov General Physics Institute of RAS, 119991, Vavilov Str., 38, Moscow, RUSSIA
2
Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reaction of JINR, 141980, Zholio-Kjuri Str, 6, Dubna, Moscow Region, RUSSIA
3
Lebedev Physical Institute of RAS, 119991, Leninskij prospekt, 53, Moscow, RUSSIA
demikhov@sci.lebedev.ru

Presently, oxide high temperature superconducting materials are available to get in the form of
thin tapes which can be produced on industrial scales with Tc>90K and Jc ~106 A/cm2. There are
many possible technical and technological applications of HTSC, for example in particle
accelerators, in magnetic-resonance-imaging devices, in tokamaks, in laboratories for production
of high magnetic systems. The possibilities to attain higher critical electric currents and radiation
stability of HTSC parameters under the action of various ionizing radiations necessary to study in
detail.
In the last two decades, the properties of HTSC subjected to the action of ionizing radiation
have been investigated thoroughly. However mentioned above new composite materials with relatively
complex structure was not studied previously from the standpoint of both radiation resistance and
accumulation of radiation damage upon irradiation.
In the work experimental data on influence of high energy (1023Mev) electron irradiation and
irradiation by heavy ions on composite superconducting YBCO(123) tapes produced by the
SuperPower Inc. Co (United States) are presented. All irradiations were carried out at the Flerov
Laboratory of Nuclear Reaction of the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (Dubna).
The radiation resistance data at the irradiation by 132Xe27+ (energy 167 MeV, fluences
510 2.51014 ion/cm2) and 40Ar8+ (energy 48 MeV, fluences 2101041012 ion/cm2) ions were
8

obtained. For the case of irradiation by 132Xe27+ ions for fluences  51012 ions/cm2, the irradiation of
all samples resulted in the complete disappearance of the superconductivity down to liquid helium
temperatures. The result was confirmed by diffraction of X-ray spectroscopy. For fluences 5108 –
1.21011 ions/cm2 significant changes of critical temperature were not observed. In the case of
irradiation by 40Ar8+ at all applied fluences changes of critical temperature also were not discovered.
The increase of critical current (Ic) was shown for fluences of 132Xe27+ < 2109 ions/cm2. At Ф =
2109 ions/cm2 Ic come up to maximum (approximately 15% in relation to initial one). Further growth
of the fluence leads to decrease of the critical current. Dependence of critical current from fluences
for the case of irradiation 40Ar8+ ions is analogous. Maximum of the critical current occurs at the
fluence 1011 ions/cm2. At that fluence Ic also increases approximately on 15% as compared with initial
sample of the HTSC type.
The electron fluences of the irradiation were within the range of 1017 to 31018 electrons/cm2.
Under the exposure of electrons up to the radiation damage dose lower than D ~ 10-4 displacements
per atom, no degradation of HTSC critical parameters was observed.
Experimental results were compared with calculations on the base of commonly recognized
models of HTSC.
LSA-P-023

New type of low loss MgB2 wires – First sight to hysteretic AC losses with numerical simulations

L. ROSTILA, S. BRISIGOTTI and G. GRASSO

Columbus Superconductors S.p.A., Via delle Terre Rosse 16133, Genova, ITALY
lauri.rostila@clbs.it

AC losses of MgB2 wires can be substantially decreased with nonmagnetic sheath materials and
multi filament structure. In this paper, the AC losses of two low loss samples are computed in AC–AC
domain, which means that the samples were exposed to alternating transport current and field
simultaneously. The losses were computed with modified Brandt's method, which takes Jc(B)-
dependence into account, and for these computations, the superconducting cross-section is determined
directly from the cross-sectional photographs. The losses were computed in wide field range in order
to simulate real operation conditions. In the AC–AC domain, the losses are characterized by critical
currents and penetration fields, and thus the fields are determined for the samples from the computed
AC susceptibilities. A monocore and a multi filament wire with non magnetic sheathes and matrices
were studied here. For the latter, the loss due to the coupling was also approximated. The results
suggest that above the penetration field the AC losses of these samples are relatively low.
LSA-P-024

Microprocessor temperature and power management using DTM-DVS technique

DIARY R. SULAIMAN

Electrical Engineering Department, Engineering College, Salahaddin University-Hawler, Erbil, IRAQ


diariy@gmail.com

Temperature and power are the most critical parameters in the design of VLSI circuits especially in
the design of microprocessors. With the explosive growth in portable electronic systems, the VLSI and
computer system designs are shifting away from high speed to low power and temperature. However,
devices such as PDAs (Personal Digital Assistants) and notebook computers present two new design
challenges, the first is the need to achieve a large amount of data processing/throughput or performance,
and the second is minimizing generated temperature and dissipated power. New designs require a system
that balances between both of the performance and temperature/power constraints.
This paper presents a hardware design for microprocessor temperature and power dissipation
reduction basis of a CMOS inverter, which actively monitors and controls the temperature coordinated with
the power dissipation control. It is important especially in high performance microprocessors to lower both
the temperature to an acceptance rates, and the power dissipation, to ensure that the processor temperature
will never exceed a safe maximum level (Dynamic Thermal Management-DTM) parallel with the control
of its voltage and frequency (Dynamic Voltage Scaling-DVS) based on the workload variation monitoring.
SPICE simulation program is used to verify the theoretical idea and confirm the design operations. This
paper presents the hardware design based DTM-DVS technique for microprocessor thermal-power
solutions, that actively monitors and controls the temperature coordinated with the power dissipation
control. It is important especially in high performance microprocessors to lower both the temperature to an
acceptance rates, and the power dissipation.
The combination of the two techniques DTM and DVS will provide optimum power and energy
saving with optimum thermal solutions for microprocessors, especially for high performance and portable
systems. The simulation results of the combined DTM-DVS technique shows that the hardware sets the
optimum and lowest supply voltage Vdd depending on the work load prediction Wp and processor
temperature Tp to generate the required clock frequency fCLK. So, any variation of the temperature or
workload will instantaneously monitored and corrected. It is clear from the simulation results, that the
average energy can be saved by more than 12.35%, and the temperature can be decreased by 7.36% for the
executed bench mark programs on the used machine. Therefore, the proposed adaptive hardware
scheme based on the DTM-DVS technique is an effective and promising alternative to existing
thermal/power control of microprocessors, and can be considered as an important constraint for the current
and future processors design.

[1] H. F. Hamann et. Al., Temperature-limited microprocessors, Measurements and design implications,
20th International Conference on VLSI Design, February 2007.
[2] N. Patel, and U. Madawala, Brushless DC motor control using bit-streams, IEEE International
Conference on Mechatronics and Automation ICMA‘08, December, 2008.
[3] C. H. Lin, C. L. Yang, and K. J. King: joint performance/power/thermal management of DRAM
memory for multi-core systems, 14th ACM/IEEE international symposium on Low power electronics and
design, August, 2009.
[4] Y. C. Lee: Minimizing Energy Consumption for Precedence-Constrained Applications Using Dynamic
Voltage Scaling, 9th IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Microprocessor Cluster Computing and the
Grid CCGRID'09, May, 2009.
LSA-P-025

Performance optimization of superconducting undulators with nested HTSC loops

ROBERT ROSSMANITH

Karlsruhe Institute of Technoloy KIT, Campus Nord, Hermann von Helmholtzplatz 1, Eggentein-Leopoldshafen,
GERMANY
robert.rossmanith@kit.edu

An undulator (an array of short bending magnets with alternating field directions) forces electron
beams to oscillate around an otherwise unperturbed trajectory. The electrons emit synchrotron
radiation and the photons emitted along the whole trajectory can overlap and interfere: an ideal
undulator emits narrow lines of radiation (the fundamental and odd harmonics of it). A perfect
constructive interference requires that all periods of the undulator have identical magnetic properties
so that all photons have identical phase. Unavoidable field errors reduce the constructive interference
and reduce the intensity especially at the higher harmonics. Recently a concept was introduced which
allows to reduce these errors by an array of nested HTSC loops along the surface of the undulator. In
case the field in a period is not perfect currents are induced in the HTSC loops which compensate in
first order the field errors. The loops can be produced with a high mechanical accuracy, much higher
than the mechanical accuracy of superconducting undulators. After a first experimental demonstration
more detailed studies of this concept are presented in this paper.
LSA-P-026

AC loss measurements of tapes and YBCO double-pancake racetrack coils and the effect of soft
magnetic shielding

C. STIEHLER1, V. GRINENKO1, K. NENKOV1, M. VOJENCIAK2, G. FUCHS1, B. HOLZAPFEL1


and L. SCHULTZ1
1
Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research Dresden, 01067 Dresden, GERMANY
2
Institute of Electrical Engineering, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 841 04 Bratislava, SLOVAK REPUBLIC
c.stiehler@ifw-dresden.de

Since the second generation of superconducting tapes, YBCO coated conductors, are
commercially available, large scale AC applications seem to be very promising provided that AC loss
of the 2G tapes can be reduced. This work deals with magnetization and transport current AC loss
measurements on 2G tapes and YBCO double-pancake racetrack coils. Transport AC currents up to
critical currents were applied to the samples. On the other hand magnetization measurements with
external applied magnetic AC fields up to 0.2 T were investigated. The experimental data of the tapes
and coils will be compared to illustrate the influence of the coil‘s geometry on the AC losses.
Furthermore it has been experimentally proved that the presence of soft magnetic shielding decreases
the magnetization AC loss and influences the magnetic field distribution inside and outside the coils.
First experiments for single shields using different materials were performed to characterize the
shields. Experiments with applied DC and AC fields were performed to get informations about the
qualitative and quantitative changes of the magnetic field distribution around the shielded coils.
LATE SUBMISSION
LS-001

Superconductivity in carbon-nanotubes

J. HARUYAMA1, 2, M.MATSUDAIRA1, J.REPPERT3, A.M.RAO3, Y.HASEGAWA2 and Y.IYE2


1
Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Kanagawa 229-8558, Japan
2
Institute for Solid State Physics, University of Tokyo, Kashiwanoha 5-1-5, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan.
5
Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
J-haru@ee.aoyama.ac.jp

Superconductivity (SC) in carbon nanotubes (CNTs) is attracting considerable attention from the
viewpoints of (1) electron correlation in one-dimensional (1D) SC, (2) carbon-based new-
superconductor family (e.g., CaC6, boron-doped diamond, and Cs3C60 clusters), and (3) expectation
for high-Tc due to high-phonon frequency of carbon atoms, strong electron-phonon interaction in the
tube structure, and high electronic density of states at van Hove singularities(VHS).
At 2006, we reported on SC in the arrays of multi-walled CNTs (MWNTs) with the world-highest
Tc = 12K and its correlation with 1D electron correlation [1]. After then, many theories for the CNT-
SC have been proposed; e.g., 1.Carrier doping effect in MWNTs and 1D electron correlation [2] and
2.Carrier doping effect in semiconducting single-walled CNTs (SWNTs) [3].
We have had progress in the experiments after reporting Ref.[1] e.g., (1) confirmation of possible
Meissner effect [4], (2) Observation of interplay of SC and 1D electron correlation (Tomonaga-
Luttinger liquid states) [5], (3) Confirmation of presence of boron (B) in the MWNTs by NMR [6]. In
particular, the third issue for B-doping was very important finding.
In the talk, I will introduce some of these and show SC in highly-homogeneous thin films consisting
of B-doped SWNTs [7]. Boron is doped in very small concentration (< 4 at.%) via catalyst. I show that
very small B-concentration can lead to appearance of evident Meissner effect because of the better
alignment of Fermi level to a VHS [7]. I will also show pressure-dependent increase in TC up to 19K in
films with much higher density of B-SWNTs (i.e., Buckypaper) [8].
SC in CNTs is promising and will shed light to study of novel type 1D SC. It could lead to higher Tc
up to 40K by further optimization.

[1]I.Takesue, J.Haruyama et al., Phys.Rev.Lett.96, 057001 (2006)


[2]E.Perfetto and J.Gonzalez, Phys.Rev.B 74, 201403(R) (2006)
[3]T.Koretsune and S.Saito, Phys. Rev. B 77, 165417 (2008)
[4] N.Murata, J.Haruyama, S.Maruyama, H.Shinohara et al., Phys.Rev.B 71, 081744 (2007)
[5]M.Matsudaira, J.Haruyama, S.Maruyama, H.Shinohara et al., Physica E 40/7, 2299-2304 (2008)
[6] M.Matsudaira, J.Haruyama, Y.Hasegawa, Y.Iye et al., Journal of Physics 153, 012070 (2009)
[7] M.Matsudaira, J.Haruyama, A.M.Rao, S.Saito et al., Phys.Rev.Lett. 101, 027002 (2008)
[8] M.Matsudaira, J.Haruyama, A.M.Rao, Y.Iye et al., Appl.Phys.Lett. 95, 142503 (2009)
LS-002

Simultaneous r-space and k-space probing of emergent phenomena in oxides and pnictides using
STM

JINHO LEE1,2, M. A. WANG2, M. P. ALLAN2,3, T. –M. CHUANG2, A. P. MACKENZIE,


P. C. CANFIELD4, S. UCHIDA5 and J. C. DAVIS1,2,3
1
CMP&MS Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
2
LASSP, Department of Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca NY 14853, USA
3
Scottish Universities Physics Alliance, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Fife
KY16 9SS, Scotland
4
Ames Laboratory U. S. DOE and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
5
Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan

For over decades, many intriguing emergent phenomena in strongly correlated electronic
systems have been observed and remain as the most challenging problems in modern condensed matter
physics. High-Tc superconductivity in cuprates, nematic meta-magnetism in ruthenates and newly
found superconductivity in pnictide family are among those examples. Especially, more than 20 years
have been passed since high-Tc superconductivity was discovered, bıt still its mechanism is illusive.
However, recent advances in SI-STM (spectroscopic imaging STM) techniques opened new
possibility of exploring both r-space and k-space simultaneously in enormous precision, and became
one of the most important tools to tackle such problems as this 23 year old puzzle.
For example, we can get local information like exact locations of impurities and dopants, or
nano-scale electronic inhomogeniety which enable us to examine manybody theoretical predictions, at
the same time probing relevant band structure with meV energy resolution which we can compare to
the results from other collective probes like dHv Alphen effect and ARPES, or calculations from DFT
(density functional theory). Furthermore, SI-STM can shed light to the question ―which band is the
most dominating band?‖ in materials where many bands exist in great complexity.
In this talk, we apply various SI-STM technique to these seemingly different strongly correlated
materials, and try to understand differences as well as similarities by visualizing and comparing the
results.
LS-003

Superconductivity in transition metals and rare-earths trihydride: Theory

DUCK YOUNG KIMA,B, RALPH H. SCHEICHERA, HO-KWANG MAOC and RAJEEV AHUJAA
A
Condensed Matter Theory Group, Department of Physics and Materials Science, Uppsala University, Box 530 SE-751 21,
Uppsala, Sweden
B
Theory of Condensed Matter Group, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J. J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge
CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
C
Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington, DC 20015,USA

The long-standing prediction that hydrogen can assume a metallic state under high pressure,
combined with arguments put forward more recently that this state might even be superconducting up
to high temperatures, continues to spur tremendous research activities toward the experimental
realization of metallic hydrogen. These efforts have however so far been impeded by the enormous
challenges associated with the exceedingly large required pressure. Hydrogen-dense materials, of the
MH4 form (where M can be, e.g., Si, Ge, or Sn) or of the MH3 form (with M being, e.g., Al, Sc, Y, or
La), allow for the rather exciting opportunity to carry out a proxy study of metallic hydrogen and
associated high-temperature superconductivity at pressures within the reach of current techniques. At
least one experimental report indicates that a superconducting state might have been observed already
in SiH4, and several theoretical studies have predicted superconductivity in pressurized hydrogen-rich
materials; however, no systematic dependence on the applied pressure has yet been identified so far. In
the present work, we have used first-principles methods in an attempt to predict the superconducting
critical temperature (Tc ) as a function of pressure (P) for three metal-hydride systems of the MH3
form, namely ScH3, YH3, and LaH3 [1,2]. By comparing the obtained results, we are able to point out a
general trend in the Tc-dependence on P. These gained insights presented here are likely to stimulate
further theoretical studies of metallic phases of hydrogen-dense materials and should lead to new
experimental investigations of their superconducting properties.

[1] D.Y.Kim, R.H.Scheicher and R.Ahuja, Phys Rev Lett. 103, 07700 (2009).
[2] D.Y.Kim, R.H.Scheicher, H.K.Mao, T.W.Kang and R.Ahuja, PNAS 107, 2793 (2010).
LS-004

Magnetic Properties of Exchange Coupled Py/Cr/Py trilayer films

B. AKTAS, R.TOPKAYA, M.ERKOVAN, M.OZDEMIR and O.OZTURK

Gebze Institute of Technology, P.K. 141, 41400 Gebze-Kocaeli, Turkey

Since the discovery of giant magneto resistance (GMR) the magnetic-nonmagnetic multi-
layers have attracted considerable attention. Regarding the applications, the most important magnetic
properties in these type of structures are magnetic anisotropy, saturation magnetization and exchange
coupling parameters. For ultra high density magnetic recording the physical size of the elements of
the multilayered structure has to be reduced to even nanometer scale. However as the dimensions
(thickness) of the films decrease the magnetic signal intensity weakens so much that its detection
becomes one of the major issues. But still ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) can be powerful enough to
study these multilayered structures.
In this work, we have developed a theoretical model to analyse the FMR data to extract
magnetic parameters. We have chosen the permalloy (Py) for our study since it is one of the softest
magnetic materials and also its bulk form is very well characterized. Then we have grown Py/Cr/Py
multilayer structures with various Cr thicknesses on Si substrate by conventional dc and/or rf-
magnetron sputtering techniques.
The FMR measurements were carried out by using an X-band ESR spectrometer at several
temperatures. The ac magnetic field component of the microwave was always kept in the film plane
while dc magnetic field was rotated with respect to the film. Thus the experimental data were collected
at different orientations of the dc field in order to get information about the magnetic anisotropies and
the exchange coupling parameters. We have also done dc magnetization measurements as a function of
temperature by using Quantum Design PPMS system. The FMR measurements have yielded two well-
resolved, symmetrical, and strong peaks when the external dc field is applied perpendicular to the
films. However as the field was rotated from the film normal towards the film plane the minor peak
was weakened, almost completely disappeared.
The experimental data was successfully simulated by proposed model. The saturation
magnetization was observed close to the value that for bulk permalloy. However a significant
perpendicular anisotropy induced for thin film case. The spectra deeply depend on the thickness of Cr
layer. Even the relative positions of the strong and the weak modes are interchanged for particular
thickness of Cr layer. It has been found that the exchange coupling between successive layers exhibits
oscillatory behaviour with respect to Cr thickness.
LS-005

d–d excitations and charge ordering in La5/3Sr1/3NiO4

L. SIMONELLI, S. HUOTARI and G. MONACO

European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Grenoble, France

The competition between high-Tc superconductivity and stripe ordering in cuprates requires the
understanding of charge-stripe dynamics. The 214-type cuprates and the isostructural non-
superconducting nickelates exhibit charge-stripe order when holes-doped. In particular in
La5/3Sr1/3NiO4 the stripe ordering is stable and nearly commensurate, making it a model system to
address low-temperature ordering and stripe correlations.
It has been widely recognized that the orbital degrees of freedom play a key role in the physical
properties of nickelates. Here we report on the energetics of the 3d levels in La5/3Sr1/3NiO4 as a
function of temperature by resonant inelastic x-ray scattering at the Ni K edge.
We detected temperature-dependent spectra in the 1-3 eV energy range. Decreasing the temperature
the spectral weight is transferred to higher energies in good agreement with optical conductivity
studies [1-2]. Two low energy excitations are observed. One temperature-independent peak at ~0.88
eV can be assigned to the splitting of the d3z2-r2 and dx2-y2 orbitals [2]. A second, strongly
temperature-dependent excitation in terms of energy and spectral weight, can be assigned to the
transition between the Ni2+ and Ni3+ dx2-y2 orbitals [2]. A possible relation between low-energy
excitations and the stripe-ordering phenomena is finally discussed.

[1] T. Katsufuji et al., Phys. Rev. B 54, 14230 (1996), [2] J. H. Jung et al., Phys. Rev. B 64, 165106
(2001).
LS-006

Room temperature ferromagnetism in doped oxide semiconductors

SUBHASH C. KASHYAP

Department of Physics
Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, INDIA
skashyap@physics.iitd.ernet.in

Availability of magnetic semiconductors exhibiting ordered spin is expected to


enlarge the scope of semiconductor devices, hitherto depending on charge of the carriers only;
through spin-FET, spin-transistor, spin- solar cell, etc. In addition to ferromagnetism, if the thin
films of these high band gap semiconductors could be made transparent, these films can, in
addition, be used for optoelectronic and magnetooptic devices, thereby rendering these materials
multifunctional.
The room temperature ferromagnetism (RTFM) has been actively investigated in
doped III-V and II-VI compounds since its prediction [1]. The III-V compounds have so far
resulted in transition temperatures below room temperature; hence the attention is being focused
on doped II-VI compounds, and transition metal (TM) doped TiO2 [2], ZnO [3], SnO2 [4] etc are,
investigated intensively. The observed ferromagnetism in TM doped ZnO nanocrystals is
reported to be intrinsic [5], while in the nanoparticles as an extrinsic effect, caused by surface
defects [6]. The RTFM in Co-enriched TiO2 films is attributed to segregated Co [7]; and has been
shown to be both intrinsic (x0.05) and extrinsic (x>0.05) [8]. In yet another study,
ferromagnetism is ascribed to charge carriers [9]. The high-temperature ferromagnetism in thin
films of Sn1−xMxO2 with M=Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, or Ni is an intrinsic effect [10]. Several attempts,
made to understand the observed spin ordering, however, have thus not converged to a single
cause even in a single material.
In the present talk an attempt will be made to briefly describe some of our work [11-
13] and recent trends on the preparation of transition metal doped oxide semiconductors
exhibiting stable ferromagnetism at room temperature, and its origin.

1 .T. Dietl, et al., Science 287, 1019 (2000).


2. Y. Matsumoto, et al. Science 291, 854 (2001), M. Kobayashi et al. Phys. Rev. B
72,201201(R) (2005).
3. K. Ueda et al,. Appl. Phys. Lett. 79, 988 (2001), S. Ramachandran et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 84,
5255 (2004).
4. S. B. Ogale et al, Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 077205-1 (2003)
5. Z. H. Zhang et al, Nature Nanotech, 4 (2009) 523
6. A. Sundaresan, C.N.R. Rao, Solid State Comm. 149, 1197 (2009)
7. Chambers S. A. et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 82 1257 (2003)
8. Seong N. J., Yoon S.-G., and Cho C.-R., Appl. Phys. Lett. 81, 4209 (2002)
9. T Fukumura et al., New J. Physics 10, 055018 (2008)
10. C. B. Fitzgerald et al, Phys. Rev. B 74, 115307 (2006)
11 K. P. Bhatti et al, J. Appl. Phys. 101, 033902 (2007)
12. K. Gopinadhan, et al., J. Appl. Phys. 102, 113513 (2007)
13. S. Sharma et al., J. Physics D. (accepted, November 2009)
LS-007

Microstructural characterisation of Fe(Se,Te) thin films grown using an ex-situ process

SUSIE SPELLER1, HUGH TAYLOR1, CHRIS GROVENOR1 and


GAVIN BURNELL2
1
Department of Materials, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PH
2
School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK

Superconducting thin films of Fe(Se,Te) have been grown by a number of groups using in-situ pulsed
laser deposition (for example [1-3]). In most cases only the macroscopic crystal structure and average
grain orientations in the films have been measured using X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques, and
correlated with the superconducting properties. However, since the superconducting properties of
these materials are seem to be strongly influenced by small changes in chemical composition, crystal
structure and strain, a detailed knowledge of local microstructural variations will be necessary to fully
understand the structure/property relationships.

In this study films were grown by sputter deposition from a target of nominal composition FeSe0.5Te0.5,
followed by an ex-situ anneal in vacuum at a range of temperatures. We have shown using energy and
wavelength dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and electron backscatter diffraction techniques in a
scanning electron microscope that the nucleation and growth process in the as-sputtered precursor is
highly dependent on both annealing temperature and substrate type, resulting in vastly differing
distributions of grain size and crystal alignment in films annealed under different conditions. There is
also evidence of fine scale chemical composition variations in some films as a result of Se and Te
partitioning during grain growth. This presentation will discuss the correlation between microstructure
of Fe(Se,Te) films and the superconducting properties measured by transport and magnetization
techniques.

[1] Wu M.K. et al. Physica C 469 (2009) 340-349


[2] Kumary T.G. et al. Supercond. Sci. Tech. 22 (2009) 095018
[3] Si W. et al. Appl. Phys. Lett. 95 (2009) 052504
LS-008

Magnetic State of an Assembly of Magnetic Dipoles

ERTUGRUL BOLCAL1, VENTSISLAV DIMITROV1, BEKIR AKTAS2 and HASAN ARSLAN2


1
Department of Physics, Istanbul Kultur University, Istanbul, Turkey
2
Department of Physics, Gebze Institute of High Technology, Gebze, Turkey
v.dimitrov@iku.edu.tr

Nano-composite materials that consist of very fine magnetic particles embedded in a non-magnetic
material recently have drawn close attention because of their unusual magnetic properties. In the
present paper we consider the ground state of an assembly of magnetic dipoles forming some simple
lattice. Using a special static relaxation algorithm we have modeled the ground state of the one-, two-
and three-dimensional magnetic dipole systems. The ground state of the system turned out to be a
system of anti-parallel lines of magnetic dipoles, i.e. like anti-ferromagnetic magnetic lines. At the
same time there are a number of meta-stable states which consist of domains of anti-ferromagnetic line
segments separated by domain walls which have a similar anti-ferromagnetic structure. The
macroscopic magnetic behavior of the system in an external magnetic field is that of a super-
paramagnetic material.
LS-009

Vortex-Antivortex dynamics in a mesoscopic superconducting prism with a centered anti-dot

J. BARBA-ORTEGA1 and J. ALBINO AGUIAR2

1
Grupo de Física de Nuevos Materiales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá - Colombia.
2
Laboratório de Supercondutividade e Materiais Avançados, Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de
Pernambuco, Recife 50670-901, Brazil

In this work we investigated theoretically the dynamics of the annihilation of a vortex-anti-vortex pair
in a superconducting mesoscopic prism of square transversal section with a square anti-dot inserted at
its center. The sample is immersed in a magnetic field applied perpendicular to the samples plane. It is
assumed that the inner hole is in contact with a material whose properties are accounted in the de
Gennes boundary conditions with de Gennes extrapolation length (b parameter). We analyze the
nucleation of vortices and antivortices, increasing the magnetic field from zero until the first vortex is
created and then reversing the polarity of the applied magnetic field until anti-vortex is also created.
Depending on the b parameter, the vortex-anti-vortex encounter can takes place at the hole or at the
superconducting region around it. In the framework of the time dependent Ginzburg-Landau theory,
we calculate the magnetization, current density and order parameter configuration, also the position
and the velocity of the vortex and anti-vortex singularities were evaluated as a function of time.

Work financed by CAPES, CNPq and FACEPE.


LS-010

Development of a Full Wafer Fabrication Process for Tantalum Based Superconducting Tunnel
Junction (STJ) X-ray Detectors

I.AVCI1,2,3, L. ABRA1,5, F. CARTER1,6, S. FRIEDRICH4, F.P.LIPSCHULTZ1 and B.NEUHAUSER

1
San Francisco State University, Physics and Astronomy Department, Cryogenic Electronics Group, CA-USA
2
University of California Berkeley, Nuclear Engineering Department, CA-USA
3
Ege University, Physics Department, Izmir-Turkey
4
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Advanced Detector Group, CA-USA
5
SunPower Corporation, San Jose, CA-USA
6
Yale University Physics Department, CT-USA

We have been developing a full wafer process for fabricating alpha–phase tantalum based
superconducting tunnel junction (STJ) X-ray detectors on 100 mm Si wafers for X-ray absorption
spectroscopy (XAS) applications. Ta-STJ detectors in the form of Ta-Al-Al2O3-Al-Ta have high
quantum efficiency, significantly reduced line splitting artifacts and the ability to operate at 300 mK.
Tantalum, with larger atomic number (Z=73) compared to niobium (Z=41), absorbs X-rays much more
efficiently. A 500 nm thick tantalum upper layer in an STJ detector absorbs more than 95% of X-ray
photons with energies < 1 keV, thereby greatly reducing the line-splitting artifacts caused by X-ray
absorption in the lower Ta film. Although most existing low Tc superconducting X-ray detectors have
been fabricated with Nb thin films using well-optimized process parameters that provide excellent
device characteristics, the need for using Ta films requires optimization of a full-wafer process that is
considerably more complicated than the Nb process. In order to achieve correct interface and tunnel
junction properties with alpha-phase Ta films, it is necessary to develop a specific thin film deposition
and etching process for individual layers. The room temperature nucleation of Ta film in the alpha
phase, having 4 K Tc, low resistivity, and improved thin film stress properties, requires deposition of a
thin seed layer such as Nb or W prior to deposition of the Ta film. Tantalum films have longer excess-
charge lifetimes than Nb films, which causes longer pulses and a lower count rate. This effect can be
compensated by using more transparent tunnel barriers and designing the base electrode to provide
escape routes to remove quasiparticles from the junction area so that multiple tunneling does not occur.
We have developed a baseline microfabrication process for Nb-based STJs and have made significant
progress in modifying the process to produce alpha- tantalum-based STJs. The process development
with various seed layers is still in progress.
INDEX
AUTHOR ABSTRACT AUTHOR ABSTRACT
CODE CODE
AKSAN M. A. S-P-022,
S-P-024,
AARTS J. SM-I-016,
S-P-026,
SM-P-010
S-P-040,
ABDALLAH H. M. I. M-P-033,
S-P-049,
M-P-037
S-P-065,
ABDEEN W. S-P-041
S-P-076,
ABDELHADI M.M. S-O-105,
S-P-105,
M-P-158
S-P-106,
ABDULLAH A. M-O-025
LSA-P-004
ABDULLAYEV N.A. M-P-072
AKSENOV V.L. SM-O-013
ABELL J. S. S-P-077,
AKSHENTSEV Y. N. S-P-056
S-P-090,
AKTAS B. M-O-023,
ELA-I-013
M-O-101,
ABELLÁN P. S-I-079
M-P-005,
ABRA L. LS-010
M-P-026,
ABRAIMOV D. S-I-027,
M-P-097,
LSA-I-009
ELA-P-015,
ABRAMOVA G. M-P-099
LS-004,
ABUKAY D. S-P-011,
LS-008
S-P-012,
AKTAS S. M-P-141,
S-P-067
M-P-085
ACIKGOZ M. M-P-017
AKTAS Y. M-P-063,
ADAM R. M-O-070,
M-P-085
M-P-022
ALAGIRI M. M-O-051
ADAM S. ELA-O-003
ALBAYRAK E. M-P-027
ADRIAN H. S-O-104
ALEKSEEV P.A. M-O-011
AESCHLIMANN M. M-O-070
ALEXANDROV A.S. S-I-040
AFTABUZZAMAN M. S-P-118
ALI M. M. S-P-118
AGIL H. S-P-039,
ALIEV A.M. M-P-136,
M-P-008,
M-P-075
M-O-123,
ALIEV F. G. M-I-041
M-P-030,
ALLAN M.P. LS-002
M-P-118
ALMOG B. M-O-112
AGOSTINELLI E. M-I-012
ALNAYLI R.SH. ELA-P-024
AGOSTINO A. S-P-063
ALP U. ELA-P-022
AGUIAR J.A. LS-009
ALPER M. M-P-015,
AGZAMOVA P. M-P-111
M-P-020
AHLUWALIA P. K. S-P-007
AL-SALAMI A. E. S-O-104
AHMAD M. M-O-057
ALTIN E. S-P-024,
AHMAD N. M-O-061
S-P-026
AHMED A.M. M-P-070
ALTIN S. S-P-024,
AHMED F.M. M-O-019
S-P-026,
AHMED M.A. M-P-014
S-P-076,
AHN C. W. M-P-054
S-P-100,
AHN C.H. M-I-032
S-P-101,
AHSEN A.S. M-O-023
S-P-105,
AHUJA R. LS-003
S-P-106,
AICHHORN M. S-P-095
LSA-P-004
AINANE A. M-P-001,
ALTINCEKIC T.G. M-P-025,
M-P-002
M-P-026
AJAY S-O-118
ALTINDAL S. M-P-125,
AJAYAGHOSH A. M-P-117
M-P-127
AKAN A. T. M-O-038
ALTINTAS S. S-O-010,
AKBARI A. S-O-035
S-O-099
AKBUDAK S. M-P-145
AKBULUT S. S-P-036, ALTSHULER T. M-O-072
S-P-042, ALY A. I. A S-P-041,
S-P-044, S-P-047
S-P-046 AMELICHEV V. S-P-124,
AKDENIZ M. V. M-P-149, ELA-P-032
M-P-010 AMEMIYA N. LSA-I-003
AKDOGAN M. S-O-023, AMIGHIAN J. M-O-032
S-O-099, AMIN M.A. ELA-P-020
S-P-029 AMIRA A. S-P-029,
AKDOGAN N. M-I-003, S-P-038,
M-P-143, ELA-P-014
M-P-144,
M-P-005,
M-P-097
AKIMITSU J. S-I-048
AUTHOR ABSTRACT AUTHOR ABSTRACT
CODE CODE
AMIRABADIZADEH A. S-P-102
AMIROV A.A. M-P-076
AYDOGAN H. C. M-P-079
AMIT E. S-O-062
AYDOGDU A. M-P-121
ANALYTIS J.A. S-I-016,
AYDOGDU Y. S-P-103,
S-O-081
S-P-104,
ANALYTIS J.G. S-O-046
S-P-105,
ANDRE G. M-O-079
S-P-106,
ANDREOLI V. S-O-065
M-P-031,
ANDREW C.M.J. S-O-081
M-P-121
ANGUREL L.A. S-I-064
AYKOL M. M-P-149,
ANNUNZIATA G. SM-O-011
M-P-010
ANSERMET J.-P. M-I-029
AZEZ K.A. M-P-012
ANTAL V. S-O-026
AZHAN H. S-O-017
ANTONOVA L.K. LSA-P-022
AZZOUZ F. B. S-P-035,
ANTROPOV E. SM-I-005
S-P-037
ANWAR M. S. SM-I-016,
BABU N. H. S-P-111,
SM-P-010
ELA-I-013
AOKI D. S-I-015
BABUSHKINA N.A. M-P-082
APRILI M. S-O-113,
BAGWE V. S-O-022
S-P-125
ARAFA I. M. M-P-007
BAHGAT A. A. S-P-119,
ARAKI H. S-P-014
S-P-068
ARAS E. M-P-123
BAHGAT M. M-P-159
ARBOSARA M.S. M-P-102
BAIK S.K. LSA-I-004,
ARŢON D. M-O-084
LSA-P-021
ARDA L. M-P-063,
BAINS J. K. S-P-007
M-P-085,
BAKAUL S. R. SM-P-008
LSA-P-004
BAKKALOGLU O. F. ELA-P-003
ARISAWA S. ELA-I-008
BAKLANOV M. ELA-P-004
ARRIGONI E. S-P-095
BAKONYI I. M-I-015
ARSLAN H. LS-008
BALAGUROV A.M. M-P-082
ARTEMOVA T.M. S-O-117
BALAGUROV L. M-P-151
AQUILANTI G. M-I-043
BALAKIREV F. S-I-032
ASANO Y. ELA-I-001
BALCI Y. S-P-022,
ASCENCIO F. S-P-072
S-P-024,
ASENJO A. M-O-047
S-P-026,
ASHIQ M. N. M-P-137,
S-P-049,
M-P-039
S-P-076,
ASKERZADE I.N. S-O-067
S-P-105,
ATAKLTI G. W. S-I-068,
S-P-106
S-O-090,
BANERJEE S. M-P-160
S-O-095
BANGURA A. S-I-016
BANZET M. ELA-O-015
ATAY H. Y. M-P-155
BARANNIK A. S-P-055
ATHAIR M. M-P-016
BARBARA B. M-I-001
ATTANASIO C. S-I-074,
BARBARA P. S-I-013
S-P-002,
BARBER Z. H. SM-O-010
SM-I-006
BARIŠIŠ N. S-O-030
AUBELE A. S-O-070
BARNAŚ J. SM-O-006
AVCI I. LS-010
BARNES P.N. LSA-I-009
AVGIN I. M-O-035
BARNES S. S-P-125
AWAD A. A. M-I-041
BARON A.Q.R. S-O-061
AWAD R. S-P-041,
BARTKOWIAK M. S-I-030,
S-P-047
S-O-083
AWAJI S. S-P-082,
BARYSHEV S.V. S-O-037
LSA-P-001
BASOGLU M. S-P-036,
AWANA V.P.S. S-I-023,
S-P-042
S-P-112,
BATDALOV A.B. M-P-136,
S-O-071,
M-P-075,
S-P-004,
M-P-076,
S-P-007,
M-P-092
S-P-043,
BATEBI S. M-P-107
S-P-059,
BATLOGG B. S-I-032,
S-P-060,
S-O-056
S-P-064,
BATURINA T.I. ELA-P-004
M-P-130,
BAUCH T. ELA-I-011
M-P-146,
M-P-086
AYDEMIR U. M-P-127
AUTHOR ABSTRACT AUTHOR ABSTRACT
CODE CODE

BAUER E. S-I-069 BIRLIK I. LSA-P-003


BAUER E. D. SM-I-004 BIRLIKSEVEN C. M-P-079
BAUNACK S. S-I-035 BISHOP A.R. S-I-038
BAUR M. ELA-I-015 BITRAK N. M-P-025
BAY M. M-P-143, BIZET A. C. S-O-001
M-P-144 BLAIS A. ELA-I-015
BAYKAL A. M-O-026, BLAMIRE M.G. SM-I-009,
M-P-143, SM-O-010
M-P-144, BLANCO J.M. M-P-069
M-P-025, BLANK D.H.A. M-I-031
M-P-026, BOBRIKOV I.A. M-P-082
M-P-035, BOBYL A.V. S-O-037
M-P-081 BOEHM M. M-P-099
BAYKUL M.C. M-P-015 BOHNEN K-P. S-O-049
BAYRAKCI S.P. M-O-095 BOHNENSTIEHL S.D. S-I-042
BAYRI A. M-O-038, BOHR D. M-O-096
M-P-031, BOLAT S. S-P-036,
M-P-051, S-P-042,
M-P-057 S-P-044,
BAZYLINSKI D. A. M-I-005, S-P-046
M-I-006 BOLCAL E. LS-008
BEHR G. S-I-030, BOLZONI F. M-O-079
S-O-058, BORIS A.V. S-O-117
ELA-I-007 BORISENKO I.V. SM-O-009
BEKERIS V. S-O-089, BOSCHKER H. M-I-031
SM-P-004 BOSELLI M.A. M-O-006
BELENLI I. S-O-023, BOSTWICK A. M-I-034
S-P-051, BOSU S. M-I-004
S-P-062 BOTTYAN L. SM-O-013
BELESI M.-E M-I-029 BOUAFIA L. S-P-009,
BELEVTSOV L.V. S-P-001, S-P-010
S-P-081 BOUAICHA F. S-P-038,
BELKIN A. S-I-075 ELA-P-014
BELLINGERI E. S-I-029 BOUCHIAT H. S-I-010
BELONENKO M. ELA-P-028, BOUCHOUCHA I. S-P-035
ELA-P-029 BOUDJADJA Y. S-P-029
BELOV A.G. LSA-P-022 BOUDJEMA E. H. S-P-005,
BELTRAM F. ELA-I-012 S-P-009,
BENDIAB N. S-I-009 S-P-010
BENFATTO L. S-O-082 BOUHOU S. M-P-001
BENGI S. M-P-126 BOUREE F. M-O-079
BENGUS S. S-P-071 BOURGES P. S-P-115,
BENMAAMAR F. S-P-038 S-O-039
BERCIU M. S-P-097 BOUSSOUF N. S-P-029,
BEREGER H. M-O-084 S-P-038,
BERGER H. M-I-017 ELA-P-014
BERGMANN C. ELA-I-007 BOVENSIEPEN U. M-I-040
BERNHARD C. SM-I-007 BOWELL C. J. S-O-042
BERNSTEIN P. S-O-015 BOYRAZ C. M-P-063
BERTACCO R. M-I-007, BOYTSOVA O. S-P-124,
M-O-117, ELA-P-032
M-O-118 BOZ I. M-P-026
BEYAZ S. M-P-059 BOZBEY A. ELA-O-010,
BHALLA G.L. S-O-071, ELA-P-002,
M-P-146 ELA-P-025,
BHARGAVA H. M-P-034 ELA-P-026
BHAT H.L. S-O-057, BOZOVIC I. S-I-003
M-O-036, BRANCO P.J.C. LSA-P-018
M-O-121 BRANDLMAIER A. M-P-067
BHATTACHARYA R.N. LSA-O-005 BRANDT E. H. S-I-005,
BIANCONI A. S-I-057, S-I-071,
S-O-068 S-I-072
BIBIKOV P.N. M-P-043 BRANDT M. S. M-P-067
BIEGALSKI M. D. M-I-002 BREHM S. S-P-095
BIRGE N.O. SM-I-010 BRISIGOTTI S. LSA-P-023
BIRGENEAU R. M-O-095 BRIVIO S. M-O-117,
M-O-118
AUTHOR ABSTRACT AUTHOR ABSTRACT
CODE CODE
BROTTO P. S-I-044
BRUECKEL T. M-O-105
CELEBI S. S-P-079
BUCHELNIKOV V.D. M-P-089,
CELIK E. M-P-155,
M-P-090
LSA-P-003
BUCHNER B. S-I-030,
CELIK S. S-P-036,
ELA-I-007
S-P-042,
BUCHSTAB E. S-P-071
S-P-045
BUD‗KO S. L. S-I-019,
CEYLAN M. S-P-049
S-I-021,
CEZAR J.C. M-P-151
S-O-048
CHA G. LSA-P-006,
BUDACA R. M-O-048
LSA-P-007
BUDHANI R.C. S-P-096,
CHACKO S. M-P-150
SM-P-005
CHAKRABORTY T. S-P-031
BUETTGEN N. M-O-041
CHAMEKH S. S-P-005,
BUH J. M-P-156
S-P-009,
BUKOWSKI Z. S-I-032
S-P-010,
BULBUL M. M. M-P-126
ELA-P-014
BULUT N. M-I-022
CHAN C.L. M-P-135
BUMIN D. S-P-052
CHAND J. M-P-036
BURGLER D. E. M-I-013,
CHAND M. S-O-022
M-P-022
BURNELL G. SM-O-008,
CHANDRA R. ELA-P-001
SM-P-001,
CHANG K.S. S-P-114
SM-P-006,
CHANG Y. J. M-I-034
ELA-P-012,
CHANTRELL R. W. M-I-037
LS-007
CHARPENTIER S. ELA-O-016
BUSH A.A. M-O-041
CHATTERJI T. M-P-116
BUZDIN A. SM-I-015,
CHAUD X. S-O-026
SM-O-014
CHAUDHARY R.J. ELA-O-007
BUZIO R. S-I-029
CHAUDHARY S. M-O-034,
CABASSI R. M-O-079
M-O-098,
CABRERA L. M-I-036
M-P-154
CAI C. S-P-019
CHAUDHURI B. K. M-P-135
CAKIR O. S-P-044
CHAUDHURY R. S-O-075
CAKIROGLU O. M-P-085
CHEN D.-X. S-O-090
CALANDRA M. S-I-009,
CHEN J. M. S-P-058,
S-O-003
M-P-073
CALESTANI G. M-O-079
CHEN J.W. ELA-P-005
CALICCHIO M. M-O-079
CHEN J.-Y. M-O-061
CAMERON A. S-O-042
CHEN J.-Y. S-O-059
CAMPBELL A. M. PLN-001,
CHEN K.C. M-P-073
S-I-055
CHEN L. ELA-P-005
CHEN L.Y. M-P-084
CANBAY C.A. M-P-121
CHEN M. S-P-019
CANCELLIERI C. SM-I-003
CHEN M. L. M-O-077
CANFIELD P. C. PLN-002,
CHEN S. A. S-P-058
S-I-019,
CHEN W. M-I-027
S-O-048,
CHEN Y.-J S-P-015,
S-P-055
S-P-016
LS-002
CHENG J.-G. S-I-008
CANKO O. M-P-028
CHENG P. S-I-020
CANNY B. S-I-009
CHENG Z. M-O-086
CANTONI M. M-O-117,
CHERIAN D. S-O-057
M-O-118
CHERNY А.S. M-P-110
CAO G. M-P-040
CHERPAK N. S-P-055
CAO S. S-P-019,
CHERUBINI R. ELA-P-007
M-P-040
CHIANG Y. N. S-P-054
CAO W.H. S-O-093
CHIARELLO F. ELA-I-014
CAPPELLUTI E. S-O-082
CHIBA T. ELA-I-003
CARDWELL D. A. S-P-111,
CHILIOTTE C. SM-P-003,
ELA-I-013
SM-P-004
CAREY M.A. M-O-046
CHIN K.M. LSA-P-017
CARRETERO A. S-I-079
CHIRIAC H. M-I-008,
CARRINGTON A. S-I-016,
M-I-011
S-I-022,
CHO J. LSA-I-005
S-O-081
CHO Y.S. LSA-P-013,
CARTER F. LS-010
LSA-P-019
CASANOVA F. SM-P-004
CHOI E.-M. S-O-096
CASTELLANO M.G. ELA-I-014
CAVIGLIA A. SM-I-003
AUTHOR ABSTRACT AUTHOR ABSTRACT
CODE CODE
CHOI H.S. LSA-P-013, DAVIS J.C. LS-002
LSA-P-019 DE ALMEIDA-DIDRY S. S-P-115
CHOI K.R. M-P-114 DE C. ROMAGUERA A. R. S-I-050
CHOI S.J. LSA-I-005 DE K. M-P-095
CHOU K.W. M-O-047 DE LA FUENTE G. F. S-I-064
CHOU T. L. S-P-058 DE LEÓN J. M. S-I-038
CHRISTEN H. M. M-I-002 DE MATOS C. J. S-O-077,
CHU J.-H. S-I-016, S-O-088
S-O-046, DE TERESA J. M. S-O-098,
S-O-081 M-O-047,
CHU Y.H. M-P-084, ELA-O-022
M-P-100 DE VONDEL J. V. S-O-090,
CHUANG T.-M. LS-002 S-O-095
CHUANG W. T. S-P-058 DEBLOCK R. S-I-010
CHUBUKOV A.V. S-I-024 DEBONTRIDDER F. S-I-063
CHUDNOVSKY E. M. M-I-021 DEGIORGI L. S-O-046
CHUNG D.C. LSA-P-013, DEKKER M. C. M-I-002
LSA-P-019 DELLITH J. S-P-109
CIFTJA O. M-P-106 DEMIDOV V.V. SM-O-009
CIMBERLE M.R. S-I-020, DEMIKHOV E.I. LSA-P-022
S-I-029 DEMINOV R.G. PLN-009
CIRILLO C. S-I-074, DEMIRCIOGLU O. ELA-P-003
S-P-002 DEMIREL A. I. S-P-023
CIRLESCU A. M-P-024 DEMIRHAN Y. S-O-006,
CLARKE J. ELA-I-010 S-O-007,
CLICKNER C.C. LSA-I-009 S-P-014,
COLDEA A.I. S-I-016, S-P-018,
S-O-081, ELA-I-004
SM-P-011 DENTE J.A. LSA-P-018
COLDEA R. M-O-040 DERYABINA M. M-I-007
COLDEA R. SM-P-011 DEUTSCHER G. S-I-001,
COLLINGS E.W. S-I-042 M-O-112
CONDER K. S-I-081 DEVIREN B. M-P-145,
CONSTANTINIAN K.Y. SM-O-009 M-P-028
COOMBS T. A. S-O-025, DEVIREN S. A. M-P-027
S-P-092, DEVLIN E. J. M-P-156
LSA-P-009 DEVREESE J. T. S-O-095
COOPER B. S-I-013 DHAHRI E. M-P-105
CORDOBA R. S-O-098, DHAHRI J. M-P-105
M-O-047, DHAHRI N. M-P-105
ELA-O-022 DHALLE M.J. LSA-I-006
CORTÇS C.C. ELA-P-004 DHAR S. K. M-O-105
CRAMM S. M-P-022 DIAB A.K. M-P-070
CREN T. S-I-063 DIDYK A.Y. LSA-P-022
CRISAN A. S-I-067, DIELEMAN D. M-I-041
S-P-077, DIEZ J. C. S-I-004
S-P-090, DIJKEN S. V. M-O-071
ELA-I-013 DIKO P. S-I-006,
CROITORU M. D. S-I-058 S-O-026
CUBITT R. S-O-042 DILEK T. S-P-053
CUNIBERTI G. ELA-O-012 DIMITROV V. LS-008
CUOCO M. SM-O-011 DIMOGLO A. M-P-124
CZESCHKA F.D. M-O-122 DJUREK D. S-O-019
ÆİÆEK Ö. S-O-021 DKHIL B. M-P-148
D‗AGLIANO E. G. S-I-044 DLOUHA M. M-O-114
D‗ASTUTO M. S-I-009, DLUZEWSKI P. ELA-P-019
S-O-003 DOBROMIR M. M-P-013
DAGHERO D. S-O-040 DOBROVOLSKIY O.V. S-P-085,
DANCER C. S-P-099 S-P-087
DANG V. S. S-P-077, DOGAN F. S-P-033,
S-P-090, S-P-039
ELA-I-013 DOGAN N. M-P-152,
DAO N. M-I-027 M-P-063,
DAROCA D. P. S-O-089 M-P-124,
DARSAVELIDZE G. S-P-034 ELA-P-027,
DAS A. M-P-160 ELA-P-015
DOGRA A. M-P-130
DOIRON-LEYRAUD N. S-I-019
AUTHOR ABSTRACT AUTHOR ABSTRACT
CODE CODE

DOLIA S.N. M-P-157 FAISAL M. M-O-044,


DOMAGALA J. Z. ELA-P-019 M-P-047
DONOLATO M. M-I-007 FAIZ M. S-P-064
DORIA M. S-I-050 FARDMANESH M. ELA-O-015,
DOROSINSKII L. M-P-048 ELA-P-033,
DOU S. X. S-I-082 ELA-O-024
DOUGLAS J.F. LSA-I-009 FARGHALI A.A. M-P-159
DÖRR K. M-I-002 FARIESHA R. F. S-O-017
DRECHSLER A. S-I-065, FARSI H. S-P-102
LSA-I-007 FAZIO R. ELA-O-025
DRECHSLER S.-L. S-I-030 FEBVRE P. ELA-P-009
DRESSEL M. S-O-030 FEDOR J. S-I-075
DREWELLO V. PLN-008 FEDORCHENKO I.V. M-O-099
DUB S. S-P-109 FEDOROV G. S-I-013
DUBE C. L. M-O-033 FELNER I. S-I-012,
DUBOST V. S-I-063 S-O-092
DUJARDIN F. M-P-001, FELSER C. SM-I-001
M-P-002 FENTON J. C. ELA-I-006
DUKHNENKO A. M-O-072 FERDEGHINI C. S-I-020,
DULŢIŠ A. S-O-030 S-I-029,
DULOV E.N. M-O-101 S-I-044
DUMAN N. M-P-010 FÊTE A. SM-I-003
DURAN A. M-P-029 FILIPP S. ELA-I-015
DURMUS Z. M-O-026, FILIPPETTI A. S-O-002
M-P-025, FILIPPI M. S-O-068
M-P-026, FILLION G. S-P-086
M-P-035, FIORANI D. M-I-012
M-P-081 FIORENTINI V. S-O-002
DUSARI S. S-O-032, FIORILLO F. M-I-020
SM-P-003 FISHER I. R. S-I-016,
DZYUBA M. O. S-P-054 S-O-046,
EDELMAN I. S. M-O-120 S-O-081
EFETOV K. B. SM-I-012 FITA I. M-P-050,
EFTEKHARI H. M-O-090 M-P-109
EILERS G. PLN-008 FITTIPALDI R. S-P-002
EISAKI H. S-O-042 FLENSBERG K. M-O-096
EISTERER M. S-I-054, FLOUQUET J. S-I-015
S-O-026, FLUKIGER R. S-I-041,
S-P-109 S-I-046,
ELDEWIK A.N. S-P-120 S-P-108
ELIZABETH S. S-O-057, FOGEL N. S-P-071
M-O-036, FOKIN D. S-I-063
M-O-121 FOMINOV Y. V. PLN-009,
ELSHARKAWY S. G. S-P-047 SM-O-012
EMERY N. S-I-009 FONSECA J.E. M-P-042
ENCULESCU I. M-I-029 FORGAN E. M. S-O-042
ENGELMANN J. S-P-008 FOROOGHI F. ELA-P-033
ENPUKU K. ELA-O-018 FOURNIER P. ELA-O-016
ENTEL P. M-P-089, FRAERMAN A.A. M-O-119
M-P-090 FRATINI M. S-O-068
ERB A. S-O-083 FREUDENBERGER J. S-I-035,
ERBE M. LSA-P-003 S-O-051
ERCOLANI D. ELA-I-012 FREYHARDT H.C. LSA-I-009
ERDEM M. S-O-099 FRIEDRICH S. LS-010
ERDEM R. M-P-091 FU X. M-P-040
EREMIN I. S-O-035 FUCHS G. S-I-030,
ERKOVAN M. LS-004 S-I-035,
ERMAKOV G.V. S-O-091 S-O-058,
ERMAKOV V.L. M-P-152 LSA-P-026,
ERTEKIN E. S-P-050 LSA-O-003
ERYIGIT R. S-O-038 FUJIMAKI A. PLN-003,
ESCUDERO R. S-P-072 ELA-O-010,
ESQUINAZI P. S-O-032, ELA-O-026,
SM-P-003 ELA-P-002,
ESSAOUDI I. M-P-001, ELA-P-025
M-P-002 FUJIMOTO M. S-P-006,
FABRIS F. W. S-O-083 S-P-013
AUTHOR ABSTRACT AUTHOR ABSTRACT
CODE CODE

FUJIMOTO S. S-O-076 GHIGO G. S-I-073,


FUJIWARA N. LSA-I-003 S-P-063,
FUKAZAWA H. S-O-042 ELA-P-007,
FUKUMOTO S. ELA-P-013 ELA-P-017
FUKUMURA T. M-I-028 GHOLIZADE H. M-P-006
FULDE P. S-O-035 GIAZOTTO F. ELA-I-012
FULLERTON E.E. M-O-046 GIBERT M. S-I-079
FUNAHASHI H. S-P-006 GILIOLI E. S-O-003,
FURMAN G. LSA-P-002 M-O-079
FURUKAWA H. K. S-O-042 GILL R. SM-O-002
FURUKAWA N. M-O-085 GILLIJNS W. S-O-095
FURUTANI Y. M-O-066
GABAY M. SM-I-003 GINGRAS G. M-O-037
GADJIEV B.R. M-P-140 GIOVANNELLI F. S-P-115
GAHTORI B. S-P-031, GIPPIUS A.A. M-O-041
M-P-086 GIRI S. M-P-116
GALKINA E. ELA-P-028, GLADILIN V. N. S-O-095
ELA-P-029 GLAMAZDIN V. S-P-055
GALPERIN Y.M. S-O-096 GLOWACKI B.A. LSA-I-002
GAMZATOV A.G. M-P-075, GNEZDILOV V. M-I-017
M-P-092 GODIN-PROULX S. ELA-O-016
GAN‗SHINA E. M-P-151 GOENNENWEIN S. T. B. M-P-067,
GANDINI C. S-O-065 M-O-122
GAO Z. S. S-I-033 GOIKHMAN A. M-P-153
GARCÍA G. M-O-052 GOKTAS A. M-P-132
GARIGLIO S. SM-I-003 GOLDACKER W. S-I-065,
GÄRTNER R. LSA-P-005 S-O-064,
GASMI M. S-P-086 S-P-109,
GATIIATOVA J. I. M-O-083, LSA-I-007
M-P-004 GOLOD T. S-P-089
GAUR N.K. M-P-077 GOLUBCHIK D. S-I-070
GAUZZI A. S-I-009, GOLUBOV A.A. PLN-009
S-O-003, GOMES M.J. M. M-P-095
M-O-079 GOMORY F. S-I-053,
GAWALEK W. S-P-109 S-O-021
GEETANJALI M-O-033 GONNELLI R. S. S-I-032,
GENC Y. ELA-P-026 S-O-040
GENCER A. S-O-112, GONZALEZ J. M-I-023,
S-P-039, M-P-069
S-P-050, GONZALEZ T. P. M-I-005,
S-P-052, M-I-006
S-P-062, GOODENOUGH J. B. S-I-008
M-P-008, GOODRICH L.F. LSA-I-009
M-O-123, GORBENKO O. Y. M-P-082
M-P-030, GORODETSKY G. M-P-050,
M-P-122 M-P-109
S-O-021 GÓRSKI G. M-O-106
GENKIN V.M. S-O-092 GORYUNOV Y. M-O-072
GENTILE P. SM-O-011 GOSHCHITSKII B. N. S-P-056
GEORGESCU V. M-P-013, GOURGY S. H. M-O-112
M-P-021, GOVIND S-O-118
M-P-024, GOZZELINO L. S-I-073,
M-P-096 S-P-063,
GEPRÄGS S. M-O-122 ELA-P-007,
GERASIMCHUK V.S. M-P-068 ELA-P-017
GERBALDO R. S-I-073, GRAIDE N. M-P-014
S-P-063, GRAJCAR M. S-O-072
ELA-P-007, GRANADOS X. S-I-079
ELA-P-017 GRANOVSKY A. M-P-151
GERBI A. S-I-029 GRANVILLE S. M-I-029
GERLACH S. M-I-037 GRASSO G. LSA-P-023
GEURTS R. S-I-077 GRAY K.E. ELA-I-002,
GHANEM H. M. E. M-P-007 ELA-I-004
GHARAIBEH M. M-P-074 GRBIŠ M. S. S-O-030
GHEISARI K. M-P-055 GREVEN M. S-O-030
GRIBKOV B.A. M-O-119
AUTHOR ABSTRACT AUTHOR ABSTRACT
CODE CODE
HAMAD B.A. M-P-131
HAMAJIMA T. LSA-P-010,
GRIDNEV S.A. M-P-076
LSA-P-014
GRIGORAS M. M-I-008
HAMAM Y. A. M-P-007
GRIGORIEV P.D. S-O-085
HAMEL M. S-P-038
GRIGORIEV S.V. M-O-016
HAMID N.A. LSA-P-017
GRILLI F. S-I-065,
HAMIDI S.M. M-O-032
LSA-I-007
HAMMER J. S-O-113
GRIMALDI G. S-I-074,
HAMZA I.O. S-P-121
S-P-002
HAMZA M.M. S-P-120
GRINENKO V. S-I-030,
HAN D.-S. M-I-041
S-O-058,
HAN G. SM-P-008
LSA-P-026,
HAN X. F. M-O-061
LSA-O-003
HAN Y. H. S-P-117,
GRISHIN V.E. S-P-107,
M-P-054,
SM-P-009
M-P-066
GROSS R. S-O-083,
HANFLAND M. S-I-009
M-P-067,
HÄNISCH J. S-O-044,
M-O-122
S-O-047,
GROβ B. ELA-I-008
S-O-051,
GROVENOR C. R. M. S-P-099,
S-O-055,
ELA-I-006,
S-P-083
LS-007
HANKE W. S-P-095
GRUNDLER D. M-P-067
HANSEN M.F. M-I-007
GRUNZWEIG M. ELA-I-008
HARIKRISHNAN S. S-O-057
GRYCHTOL P. M-O-070,
HARRIS I.R M-O-019
M-P-022
HARTHI B. A. M-O-073
GUARINO A. S-P-002
HARUYAMA J. LS-001
GUCLU N. S-P-039,
HASANAIN S. K. M-P-142,
S-P-066
M-O-064
GUENON S. ELA-I-008
HASANPOUR A. M-O-032
GUERFI T. S-O-020
HASCICEK Y.S. S-O-028
GUÇRON S. S-I-010
HASEGAWA Y. LS-001
GUILLAMÓN I. S-O-098
HASHIMOTO K. S-I-016,
GUISAN S. S. PLN-008
S-I-022
GULER E. M-P-120
HASSINGER E. S-I-015
GULER S. M-O-101,
HÄßLER W. S-O-064
M-P-005
HATANO T. ELA-I-008
GULSOY H. O. LSA-P-004
HATRIDGE M. ELA-I-010
GUNEN A. M-P-029
HATSUKADE Y. ELA-P-013
GUNGUNES H. M-P-120
HATSUMI S. S-I-056
GUO K. ELA-O-009
HAUG D. S-O-039
GUPTA A. M-P-003,
HAUGAN T.J. LSA-I-009
GUPTA A. ELA-O-007
HAW S. C. S-P-058
GUREVICH A. S-I-020,
HAYASHI M. ELA-P-013
S-I-028
HE S. K. S-O-093
GURLER S. M-P-051
HEEG C. M-P-067
GUSEV S.A. M-O-119
HEID R. S-O-049
GUSLIENKO K.Y. M-I-041
HEIDARI H. LSA-O-007
GUSTAFSSON D. ELA-I-011
HEJTMANEK J. M-O-114
GUTIERREZ J. S-O-090
HELLE M. ELA-P-006
GUTIERREZ L. M-I-036
HELLER R. S-I-065
GUTUL T. M-P-124
HELLSTROM E. S-I-027
GUVEN K. M-P-120
HELLWIG O. M-O-046
GÜTH K. LSA-P-005
HELM T. S-O-083
HABERMEIER H.-U. SM-I-002
HERKLOTZ A. M-I-002
HABICHT K. M-O-040
HERNÁNDEZ J. M. S-O-072,
HABISREUTHER T. S-P-109
ELA-P-004
HACISALIHOGLU M. Y. S-P-099
HERNANDEZ K. S-P-072
HAESSLER W. S-O-070,
HERNANDO B. M-P-136
S-O-116
HEROLD C. S-I-009
HAHN S. LSA-P-008
HERRMANN M. S-O-064,
HAINDL S. S-I-035,
S-O-070,
S-O-044,
S-O-116
S-O-047,
HESLOP R. W. S-O-042
S-O-051,
S-O-055,
S-P-008
HALLET X. S-O-097
AUTHOR ABSTRACT AUTHOR ABSTRACT
CODE CODE

HESS C. S-I-030 HÜHNE R. S-O-055,


HICKEY B.J. SM-P-001, S-O-086,
SM-P-002, LSA-P-005,
SM-P-006 S-P-083
HIGASHI Y. ELA-O-026 HYUN O. B. S-P-075
HILLEBRANDS B. M-I-025 HYUN S.W. M-P-114
HIMRITTA A. S-P-037 IAVARONE M. S-I-075
HINKOV V. S-O-039 IBARRA M. R. S-O-098,
HINTERBERGER A. S-O-115 M-O-047,
HINZKE D. M-I-037 ELA-O-022
HIRANO M. S-I-018 IBI A. ELA-O-018
HIRAOKA N. S-P-058 IBRAHIM M.A. ELA-P-030
HIRATA K. S-P-013 IGLESIAS O. M-O-047
HIROI M. M-O-043 IGUCHI M. S-P-006
HOFFMAN J. M-I-032 IIDA K. S-P-111,
HOLDER A. B. S-I-036 S-I-035,
HOLZAPFEL B. S-I-035, S-O-044,
S-O-044, S-O-051,
S-O-047, S-O-055,
S-O-051, S-O-086
S-O-055, IISHI A. ELA-I-008
S-O-058, IKADA K. S-I-016,
S-O-064, S-I-022
S-O-070, IKEDA H. S-I-016,
S-O-086, S-I-022
S-P-008, ILES G.N. M-P-116
S-P-083, ILYN M. M-I-023
LSA-P-026, INADA R. LSA-O-008
LSA-O-003, INAM H. M-P-097
LSA-P-003, INANIR F. S-P-033,
LSA-P-005 S-P-079,
HONG J. P. LSA-I-004 S-P-088
HONG Z. S-P-092 INOMATA K. M-I-026
HORN K. M-I-034 INOSOV D.S. S-O-039
HORN S. SM-I-005 INOUE M. ELA-O-018
HORNG L. M-P-073 INTEPE A. M-P-003
HOSHINO K. LSA-P-010 IPATOV M. M-I-023,
HOSONO H. S-I-018 M-P-069
HOSSAIN M.S.A. S-I-041, IQBAL J. M-O-057
S-I-046, IQBAL M. J. M-P-137
S-P-108 ISHIDA K. S-I-018,
HOSSEINI M. ELA-P-033 M-O-066
HOSSEINI N. ELA-O-015 ISHIDA T. ELA-O-026
HOUWMAN E. M-I-031 ISHIGURI S. S-O-078
HOUZET M. SM-I-014 ISHII H. S-P-058
HRADIL K. S-O-039 ISIK F. M-O-038,
HSIAO Y.F. M-P-073 M-P-051
HSU C.-H. M-P-100 ISLAM A.K.M.A. S-P-118
HU L. ELA-P-018 ISLAM M. U. M-P-016
HU N. LSA-P-010 ISLAM R. S. S-O-106
HU Z. ELA-P-018 ISOBE M. ELA-I-003
HUANG C.H. M-P-073 ITO M. M-O-043
HUANG T.C. S-O-059 IVANOV D.A. SM-O-012
HUBER R. M-P-067 IVANTSOV R. D. M-O-120
HUEBENER R. P. S-I-074 IYE T. S-I-018
HUG H.J. M-O-046, IYE Y. LS-001
M-O-063 IYO A. S-I-067,
HUHTINEN H. S-P-090, S-O-012,
ELA-I-013 S-O-042
HUOTARI S. LS-005 IZADI S. M-P-060
HUSAIN M. S-P-043, IZUMI K. M-I-004
S-P-059 JAAFAR M. M-O-047
HUŠEK I. S-I-045, JAFARI S.A. M-P-041
S-O-116 JAHED N. ELA-O-015
HUTH M. S-P-087 JAKOB G. S-O-104
JANG G. E. S-P-075
AUTHOR ABSTRACT AUTHOR ABSTRACT
CODE CODE

JANI S. ELA-O-007 KAMBALE R.C. M-P-138,


JANICKOVIC D. M-O-003 M-P-139
JANKÓ B. S-I-061 KAMETANI F. S-I-027,
JANSEN M. SM-P-011 LSA-I-009
JAVADPOUR S. M-P-055 KAMIHARA Y. S-I-018
JENKINS A.S. SM-O-008 KAMILOV I.K. M-P-076
JESUDASAN J. S-O-022 KAMLAPURE A. S-O-022

JHA R. S-O-071, KAMRAN M. S-O-093


S-P-060 KAMZIN A.S. M-O-008,
JIA Y. S-I-020 M-P-056
JIANG C. M-O-044, KANDA A. S-I-056
M-P-047 KANG M. LSA-P-006,
JIANG J. S-I-027 LSA-P-007
JIN G. S-P-019 KANHERE D.G. M-P-150
JIN X. Y. ELA-I-007 KANIGEL A. S-O-004
JING C. M-P-040 KANOMATA T. M-O-066
JIRAK Z. M-O-114, KANTARCI N. M-P-118
M-P-064 KAŇUCHOVÁ M. S-O-026
JO Y.S. LSA-I-004 KAPPENBERGER P. M-O-046
JOHANNES M. D. SM-P-011 KAPTEYN H. M-O-070
JOHANSEN T.H. S-O-096, KAPUSTIN A. I. S-O-037
S-P-078, KARAAGAC O. M-P-020,
M-O-024, M-P-052
M-O-067 KARAPETROV G. S-I-075
JOHRENDT D. S-I-017 KARATAS S. ELA-P-003
JOSHI N. M-O-063 KARCI A. B. S-P-032
JOSHI P.C. SM-P-005 KARIM S. M-O-064
JUANG J.Y. S-O-059, KARIO A. S-O-064,
S-P-015, S-O-070,
M-P-083, S-O-116
M-P-100 KARKIN A. E. S-P-056
JUN B. H. S-P-116, KARMAKAR S. M-P-135
S-P-117 KARMINSKAYA T. Y. PLN-009
JUNG B.I. LSA-P-013, KARPINSKI J. S-I-032,
LSA-P-019 S-I-043,
JUNG C.U. M-I-033 S-O-052,
JUNG G. M-P-109 S-O-056,
JUNG J. Y. S-P-016 S-O-117
JUNGWIRTH T. M-I-018 KARTAMYSHEV A.A. S-O-108
JUNQUÇ R.A. ELA-P-004 KARTAVTSEVA M.S. M-P-082
JURKA V. M-P-023 KARTSOVNIK M.V. S-O-083
KABAER M. M-P-009 KASAHARA S. S-I-016,
KABANOV V.V. S-I-059, S-I-018,
S-O-052, S-I-022,
S-O-100 S-I-025
KAŢMARŢÍK J. S-O-048 KASHIMA N. ELA-O-018
KADAM M. B. S-O-069, KASHYAP S. C. M-O-033,
S-P-061 M-O-034,
KADOWAKI K. ELA-I-004, M-O-098,
ELA-I-006 M-P-154,
KAINUMA R. M-O-066 LS-006
KAJIKAWA K. S-P-073 KASUMOV A. S-I-010
KAKAZEI G. N. M-I-041 KATAJA M. M-O-071
KALGIN A.V. M-P-076 KATO T. S-P-006,
KALISKY B. S-I-026 S-P-013,
KALTOFEN R. LSA-P-005 S-P-057
KALYTKA V.S. M-P-075 KATRYCH S. S-I-032,
KAMAN O. M-P-064 S-O-052,
S-O-056
KATSU Y. ELA-P-013
KAUFFMANN A. S-I-030,
S-I-035,
S-O-044,
S-O-047,
S-O-051
AUTHOR ABSTRACT AUTHOR ABSTRACT
CODE CODE

KAUL A. S-P-124, KHIRNYI V. P. S-P-054


ELA-P-032 KHORASANI S. ELA-O-024
KAUL A.R. M-P-082 KHOSROABADI H. S-O-061
KAUSHIK S. D. M-P-130 KHOVAILO V.V. M-P-089
KAVAS H. M-O-058, KHUSNUTDINOV R. ELA-P-015
M-P-025, KIDSZUN M. S-I-035,
M-P-081 S-O-044,
KAVEŢANSKÝ V. S-O-026 S-O-047,
KAWARADA H. S-I-011 S-O-051,
KAWASAKI M. M-I-033 S-O-055
KAZAN S. M-O-083, KIEFER K. M-O-040
M-P-003, KIHOU K. S-O-042
M-P-004, KILIC A. M-P-122,
M-P-097 M-P-123
KECHIK M. M. A. S-P-077, KILINC N. S-P-027
S-P-090, KIM A.R. LSA-P-016
ELA-I-013 KIM A.Y.C LSA-I-004
KEHRLE J. SM-I-005 KIM C. H. M-I-034
KEIMER B. S-O-039, KIM C. J. S-P-116,
M-O-095 S-P-117
KELLER H. S-I-032, KIM C.S. M-P-088,
S-I-039, M-P-113,
S-I-081 M-P-114
KELLER T. M-O-095 KIM D.H. LSA-I-005
KENZELMANN M. M-I-016 KIM D.Y. LS-003
KEREN A. S-O-062 KIM G.H. LSA-P-016
KERIMOVA T.H. M-P-072 KIM H.M. LSA-I-004
KEROUAD M. M-P-001, KIM K.M. LSA-P-016
M-P-002, KIM S.H. LSA-P-016
M-P-049 KIM S.J. M-P-113
KERVAN N. M-P-008, KIM S.-K. M-I-041
M-O-123, KIM W. M-P-088
M-P-046 KIM Y. LSA-P-006,
KERVAN S. M-O-020, LSA-P-007
M-P-008, KIM Y. S. M-I-034
M-O-123, KIM Y.C. LSA-P-021
M-P-030, KIMURA T. SM-P-007
M-P-046, KINDER H. ELA-P-033
M-P-118, KISHAN H. S-I-023,
M-P-119, S-P-112,
M-P-122 S-O-071,
KESKIN M. M-P-145, S-P-004,
M-P-028 S-P-007,
KHAIBULLIN R. M-O-083 S-P-043,
KHAIBULLIN R.I. M-O-101, S-P-059,
M-O-120, S-P-060,
M-P-004, M-P-130,
M-P-005 M-P-146,
KHAKIMOVA R.R. M-P-005 M-P-086
KHALIDA S. S-O-017 KISHIO K. S-I-034
KHALIFEH J. M-P-131 KISLINSKI Y.V. SM-O-009
KHALITOV N. M-O-083, KISS T. ELA-O-018
M-P-004 KITAGAWA S. S-I-018
KHAN A. A. PLN-008, KITAOKA Y. S-I-011,
M-P-093 S-O-012
KHAN K. M-P-128 KITO H. S-O-012
KHANDKA S. S-O-050 KIWI M. M-O-052
KHANOV L. M-P-092 KIZILASLAN O. S-P-040
KHANOV L.N M-P-136, KLEINER R. ELA-I-008
M-P-075 KLEORIN N. M-P-147
KHAPAEVA T.M. M-O-099 KLIMOV A. Y. M-O-119
KHARMOUCHE A. M-O-001 KLINGELER R. S-I-030
KHATSKO E.N. M-P-110 KNEBEL G. S-I-015
KHAYDUKOV Y.N. SM-O-013 KNIZEK K. M-O-114
KHEDR M.H. M-P-159 KOBAYASHI J. S-O-061
KHENE S. S-P-086 KOBAYASHI K. M-O-066
AUTHOR ABSTRACT AUTHOR ABSTRACT
CODE CODE

KOBAYASHI T. S-P-016, KRAMER R. B. G. S-I-068,


M-P-084 S-O-090
KOBE S. M-O-045, KRASNOV V.M. S-P-089
M-O-050, KRASNOPEROV E.P. S-O-108
M-P-156 KRAVCHENKO S.V. M-O-110
KOCBAY A.N. M-O-023 KREMER R.K. M-I-019
KOCKAR H. M-P-020, KRENN H. M-O-027
M-P-052, KRESIN V. PLN-004
M-P-059 KROOSHOOP H.J.G. LSA-I-006
KOELLE D. ELA-I-008 KRZYMANSKA B. M-O-099
KOHORI Y. S-O-042 KRZYŻANOWSKA H. M-O-010
KOKABI A. ELA-P-033 KU M. LSA-P-006,
KOLÁŢEK J. S-P-084 LSA-P-007
KOLEDOV V.V. M-P-136 KUCAB K. M-O-106
KOLEKAR Y.D. M-P-138, KUCUK I. M-P-149,
M-P-139 M-P-009,
KOLEMEN U. S-P-033, M-P-010,
S-P-039, M-P-053
S-P-048, KUCUKDERMENCI S. M-O-035
S-P-066, KUDYMOW A. S-I-065,
S-P-079, LSA-I-007
S-P-088, KULEMANOV I. M-P-151
ELA-P-022 KULICH M. S-O-116
KOMENDOVA L. S-I-077 KUM B.Y. M-P-088
KOMISSINSKI P.V. SM-O-009 KUMAGAI K. S-O-033
KONCZYKOWSKI M. S-I-025 KUMAKURA H. S-I-047
KOPARAN E. T. S-P-069 KUMAR A. S-P-112,
KOPERA L. S-I-045 M-O-098
KOREN G. S-I-070 KUMAR G. M-P-036
KORETSUNE T. S-I-014 KUMAR L. M-O-049
KORNYUSHIN Y. SM-O-001 KUMAR M. ELA-P-001
KOROLEVA L.I. M-O-082, KUMAR N. M-P-130,
M-O-099 M-O-105,
KORONOVSKYY V.E. M-P-038 M-P-086
KORSAH M. ELA-I-006 KUMAR P. M-P-036,
KORSAKOV I. M-P-092 M-P-058
KOSEOGLU H. S-O-006, KUMAR P. S. A. S-P-110,
S-O-007, M-O-036,
S-P-014, M-O-121
S-P-018, KUMAR R. S-P-004
ELA-I-004 KUMAR S. S-P-043,
KOSEOGLU Y. M-O-058, M-P-157
M-P-143, KUNCSER V. M-O-055
M-P-144 KUPŢIŠ I. S-O-030
KOSTER G. M-I-031 KUPRIYANOV M. Y. PLN-009,
KOSTIKOV A.A. S-P-001 SM-I-005
KOSTYLEV M.P. M-I-025 KUPRIYANOVA G. M-P-153
KOTNALA R. K. M-O-033 KURBAKOV A.I. M-O-002
KOUBAA M. M-I-035 KURODA Y. S-I-056
KOUBAA W. C. R. M-I-035 KURTER C. ELA-I-002,
KOVÁŢ J. S-O-026 ELA-I-004
KOVÁŢ P. S-I-045, KURTH F. S-O-044,
S-O-115, S-O-051,
S-O-116 S-O-055
KOVAL Y. ELA-I-004, KUŠAR P. S-O-024,
ELA-I-007 S-O-100
KOVALENKO A.D. LSA-O-001 KUTELIA E. S-P-034
KOYMEN A. R. M-I-010 KUTLU B. M-P-029
KOZLOVA N. S-I-030, KUTUK S. S-P-033,
S-I-035, S-P-036,
S-O-051 S-P-042,
KÖHLER A. S-I-030, S-P-044,
S-O-058 S-P-046
KRAETSCHMER W. M-O-041 KWAK K. M-P-054,
M-P-066
AUTHOR ABSTRACT AUTHOR ABSTRACT
CODE CODE

KWOK W. SM-I-015 LIMA L.S. M-P-098


KWON Y.K. LSA-I-004, LIN C. M. S-P-058
LSA-P-021 LIN C. T. S-O-039,
LAAN D.C.V.D. LSA-I-009 S-O-054,
LAFFEZ I. S-P-115 S-O-117
LAGRANGE P. S-I-009 LIN J.-Y. S-O-059,
LAKSHMI N. M-P-034, S-P-015,
ELA-O-007 S-P-016,
LAMBACHER M. S-O-083 M-P-083,
LAMPAKIS D. S-O-068 M-P-100
LAMURA G. S-I-020 LIN M. ELA-P-005
LANEN E.P.A.V. LSA-I-006 LIN S.S. M-P-083
LARBALESTIER D.C. S-I-020, LIN S-H. S-I-061
S-I-027, LIN T. H. M-P-100
LSA-I-009 LIPSCHULTZ F.P. LS-010
LARIN A. M-P-111 LITZKENDORF D. S-P-109
LATYSHEV A.V. ELA-P-004 LIU F. LSA-I-006
LAURETI S. M-I-012 LIU X. M-O-057
LAVIANO F. S-I-073, LIU Y. S-O-054,
S-P-063, M-O-086
ELA-P-007, LLORDÇS A. S-I-079
ELA-P-017 LOBB C. J. S-I-013
LAZUKOV V.N. M-O-011 LOBZHANIDZE T. S-P-020
LE GODEC Y. S-O-003 LOLLI L. ELA-P-008
LEBEDEV N. ELA-P-028, LOMBARDI F. ELA-I-011
ELA-P-029 LOPARDO G. S-P-063,
LEE B.W. M-I-033 ELA-P-007,
LEE C. H. S-O-042 ELA-P-017
LEE H. M-P-066, LOPEZ C. J. M-I-005,
SM-I-004, M-I-006
LSA-P-006, LÓPEZ-GASCÓN C. S-I-064
LSA-P-007 LOSTUN M. M-I-008
LEE H. Y. M-P-054 LOUPIAS G. S-I-009,
LEE J. LS-002 S-O-003
LEE J. F. S-P-058 LOZANO G. S-O-089
LEE J. M. S-P-058 LU J. M-I-027
LEE J.D. LSA-I-004, LU K. T. S-P-058
LSA-P-021 LU W. M-P-062
LEE K.W. LSA-I-005 LU W.J. S-O-066
LEE S. LSA-P-008 LUBASHEVSKY Y. S-O-004
LEE S.-I. S-O-096 LUCARELLI A. S-O-046
LEE S.J. LSA-I-005 LUCCAS R. S-I-079
LEE W. C. S-P-028 LUCÍA M.L. ELA-P-011
LEE Y. H. S-P-016 LUCOT D. ELA-O-003
LEEK P. ELA-I-015 LU-DAC M. M. S-I-059
LEINER J. ELA-I-006 LUO C.W. S-O-059,
LEININGER P. M-O-095 S-P-015,
LEMMENS P. M-I-017 S-P-016,
LEO A. S-I-074, M-P-083,
S-P-002 M-P-084,
LEVEN B. M-I-025 M-P-100
LEVIEV G.I. S-O-092 LUO X.-G. S-I-019
LEWIS R. M. S-I-013 LUPU N. M-I-008
LI C. M-O-086 M‗CHIRGUI A. S-O-087,
LI C.-P. SM-P-004 S-P-123
LI C.S. LSA-O-008 MA Y. S-I-033
LI C.-Y. SM-O-005 MA Z.Y. S-O-066
LI D. ELA-P-018 MAAZ K. M-O-064
LI Q. S-O-025 MACHIDA T. S-P-006,
LI W.-H. SM-O-005 S-P-013,
LI Y. S-O-030 S-P-057
LIAROKAPIS E. S-I-043, MACKENZIE A.P. LS-002
S-O-068 MADRE M. A. S-I-004
LIMA I. C. D. C. M-O-006 MAEKAWA S. S-P-125
MAGOUSSI H. M-P-002
MAHATO B. M-O-003
AUTHOR ABSTRACT AUTHOR ABSTRACT
CODE CODE

MAHDAVIFAR S. M-P-101, MAURER P. ELA-I-015


M-P-102, MAURI F. S-I-009,
M-P-103, S-O-003
M-P-107, MAZIN I. I. SM-P-011
M-P-108 MAZZOLI C. M-O-105
MAHMOOD A. S-P-116, MBELA K. M-P-011
S-P-117 MCCOLLAM A. S-I-016,
MAHTALI M. S-P-005, S-O-081,
S-P-009, SM-P-011
S-P-010 MCDONALD R. D. S-I-016
MAILLY D. ELA-O-003 MCGUINESS P.J. M-O-045,
MAISURADZE A. S-I-081 M-O-050,
MAJID A. M-O-102 M-P-156
MAJIDI R. M-P-071 MCGUİRE M. A. S-O-111
MAJUMDAR P. M-O-115 MCLOUGHLIN C. S-O-015
MAJUMDAR S. M-P-116 MEERDERVOORT R.P.V. LSA-I-006
MAKAROVA T.L. M-P-061 MEEROVICH V. S-P-109,
MAKIHARA T. LSA-O-008 LSA-P-002
MAKSUTOGLU M. M-O-083, MEJÍ J. M-O-052
ELA-P-027 MEKHRABOV A. O. M-P-149
MAL‗GINOV V.A. LSA-P-022 M-P-010
MALAMUD V. M-P-147 MELIŠEK T. S-I-045,
MALEYEV S.V. M-O-016 S-O-115
MALIK G.P. S-O-060 MELNIKOV A. SM-I-015
MALIK U. S-O-060 MELNIKOV V. S-P-109
MALLAPRAGADA S. K. M-I-006 MEMARZADEH S. S-P-102
MALZER S. S-O-006 MERIC M. M-P-057
MANDAL P. M-P-133 MERIC Z. S-O-007,
MANDAL S. M-P-044 S-P-014,
MANDRUS D. S-O-111 S-P-018,
MANFRINETTI P. S-I-044 ELA-I-004
MANKEVICH A. M-P-092 MERTELJ T. S-O-024,
MANNA K. M-O-036 S-O-052,
MANSOOR K. S-O-093 S-O-100
MAO H.K. LS-003 MESCHKE M. ELA-P-006
MAPLE M.B. S-I-069 MESHI L. M-P-050
MARCUS J. S-O-048 MESTRES N. S-I-079
MARENKIN S.F. M-O-099 METLUSHKO V. M-I-007,
MAREZIO M. M-O-079 M-I-041
MARGIANI N. S-P-020, METSKHVARISHVILI I. S-P-020,
S-P-021 S-P-021
MARIONI M.A. M-O-046, METSKHVARISHVILI M. S-P-020
M-O-063 MEZOUAR M. S-I-009
MARKO M. S. M-O-045 MEZZADRI F. M-O-079
MARKOVICH V. M-P-050, MEZZETTI E. S-I-073,
M-P-109 S-P-063,
MARRÈ D. S-I-029 ELA-P-007,
MARROWS C. H. M-I-038 ELA-P-017
MARTIN J. H. M-O-105 MIAH M. I. ELA-P-020
MARTINELLI A. S-I-020, MICHOTTE S. ELA-O-003
S-I-044 MICLEA C.F. S-I-069
MARTÍNEZ F. S-I-079 MIGNOT J.-M. M-O-011
MARYSKO M. M-P-064 MIHAILOVIC D. S-O-024,
MAQSOOD A. M-P-128 S-O-052,
MASOERO A. S-O-065 S-O-100
MASROUR R. M-P-134 MIKAILZADE F. M-O-083,
MATEI E. M-I-029 M-P-003,
MATEI I. S-P-003 M-P-004
MATHIAS S. M-O-070 MIKAVA Z. S-P-020
MATSUBAYASHI K. S-I-008 MIKHAІLOVA G.N. LSA-P-022
MATSUDA T.D. S-I-015 MIKHEENKO P. S-P-077,
MATSUDA Y. S-I-016, S-P-090,
S-I-018, ELA-I-013
S-I-022, MIKITIK G. P. S-I-071
S-I-025,
S-O-033
MATSUDAIRA M. LS-001
MATUKHIN V.L. M-P-152
AUTHOR ABSTRACT AUTHOR ABSTRACT
CODE CODE
MILOŠEVIŠ M. V. S-I-056,
S-I-061, MOSHCHIL V. S-P-109
S-I-075, MOSKVIN A.S. M-O-041
S-I-077 MOSTAFA N.Y. M-P-014
MINEMATSU M. S-P-014 MOSTOVOY M. M-I-042
MINETTI B. S-I-073, MOTA A.C. S-I-069
S-P-063, MOTA A.L. M-P-042
ELA-P-007, MOTAMEDIFAR M. M-P-103
ELA-P-017 MOTOME Y. M-O-085
MIRONOV A. ELA-P-004 MOUSSA M. M-P-104
MIRONOV V.L. M-O-119 MOUSTAFA A. F. M-P-159
MISHRA A. S-O-022 MOUTALBI N. S-O-087,
S-P-123
MISKO V. R. S-I-060 MOVSHOVICH R. SM-I-004
MITRA A. M-O-003 MOYO T. M-P-011,
MITTAL R. M-O-105 M-P-033,
MIU L. S-I-076 M-P-037
MIYAGI D. S-I-052 MOYZYKH M. ELA-P-032
MIYAJIMA S. ELA-O-010, MOZAFFARI M. M-O-032
ELA-O-026, MOZHEGOROV A. M-P-111
ELA-P-002, MOZZHUKHIN G.V. M-P-152,
ELA-P-025 ELA-P-027
MIYAKAWA N. S-P-014 MÖTTÖNEN M. ELA-P-006
MIYAKE A. S-I-015 MSOMI J.Z. M-P-011,
MIYASAKA S. S-O-061 M-P-033,
MIYOSHI Y. LSA-I-006 M-P-037
MIZIA J. M-O-106 MUDGEL M.
MIZUGUCHI Y. S-P-057 S-O-071,
MOCHIKU T. S-P-013 S-P-064
MOENCH J. S-P-008 MUKHERJEE A. M-O-115
MOFTAKHARZADEH A. ELA-P-033 MUKUDA H. S-I-011,
MOGILYANSKY D. M-P-050, S-O-012
M-P-109 MULLER K. A. S-I-081
MOHAMED S.K. M-P-014 MULLER P. S-O-006,
MOHAMMED N. H. S-P-041, S-P-014,
S-P-047 S-P-018,
MOHMED H.F. M-P-070 ELA-I-004,
MOHSENI S.M. M-O-090 ELA-I-007
MOLEGRAAF H.J.A. M-I-032 MUMTAZ A. M-P-142,
MOLL P. S-I-032 M-O-064,
MOMENI M. M-P-006 ELA-P-031
MONACO G. LS-005 MURAVEY L.A. S-P-107,
MONDAL M. S-O-022 SM-P-009
MURNANE M. M-O-070
MONTANGERO S. ELA-O-025 MUSTAFAYEVA K.M. M-P-072
MONTES DE OCA A. C. S-O-001 MUTHAMIZHCHELVAN C. M-O-051
MONTICONE E. S-O-065, MUTLU H. I. M-P-132
ELA-P-008, MÜLLER C. SM-I-005
ELA-P-017 MÜNZENBERG M. PLN-008
MONTÓN C. S-I-079, MYDLARZ T. M-P-110
S-P-091 MZHAVANADZE I. A. S-P-021
MORALES M. P. M-I-036 NADEEM K. M-O-027
MORARI R. SM-I-005 NAGARE B.J. M-P-150
MORELLÓN L. ELA-O-022 NAGAYA S. ELA-O-018
MORI M. ELA-O-018 NAGORNY P. S-P-109
MOROZOV A.I. M-O-082 NAGY B. SM-O-013
MOSADEQ H. M-P-041 NAJI A. ELA-O-015
MOSBAH M. F. S-P-029, NAKAI Y. S-I-018
S-P-038, NAKAJIMA K. ELA-I-003,
ELA-P-014 ELA-P-016
MOSHCHALKOV V. V. PLN-006, NAKAJIMA Y. SM-I-011
S-I-068, NAKAMURA H. S-P-006,
S-O-090, S-P-013,
S-O-095, S-P-057
S-O-097 NAKAMURA T. S-P-073
NAKAMURA Y. LSA-O-008
NAKANISHI I. ELA-O-026
NAKAO K. M-O-043
NAKAO Y. SM-I-011
AUTHOR ABSTRACT AUTHOR ABSTRACT
CODE CODE

NAKASHIMA S. M-O-043 OBRADORS X. S-I-079,


NAKATA N. S-I-016, S-P-091
S-I-022 OGINO H. S-I-034
NANE O. M-O-020, OGUCHI T. S-I-011
M-P-030, OH J. T. M-P-055
M-P-118 OH S. K. S-P-075
NAQIB S. H. S-O-106 OHNISHI K. SM-P-007
NAREN H. R. S-P-070 OHNO H. M-I-030
NASERI M.S. M-P-101 OHSHIMA S. ELA-P-016
NASIMOV D. A. ELA-P-004 OKAY C. M-P-005
NAST R. LSA-I-007 OKAZAKI R. S-I-025
NAVACERRADA M.A. ELA-P-011 OKRAM G. S. S-P-031
NAVAU C. S-O-090 OKUMURA Y. LSA-O-008
NAYLOR A. SM-P-001, OLIVEIRA E. J. R. D. M-O-006
SM-P-002 OLKHOVIK L.P. M-P-056
NAZARI P. ELA-O-015 OMELYANCHOUK A. N. S-P-017
NEFEDOV A. M-P-005 ONAL Y. S-P-105
NEMATI R. M-P-107 ONEREN O. ELA-P-027,
NEMBACH H. M-O-070 ELA-P-015
NEMKOVSKI K.S. M-O-011 ONO S. ELA-P-016
NENKOV K. S-I-030, ONUKI Y. S-I-016
S-I-035, OOI S. S-P-013
S-O-051, OOTA A. LSA-O-008
S-O-058, OOTUKA Y. S-I-056
S-O-070, OPEL M. M-O-122
LSA-P-026, ORLOV A. M-P-151
LSA-O-003 ORTEGA J.B. LS-009
NEUHAUSER B. LS-010 ORTENZI L. S-O-082
NEVES M.V. LSA-P-020 ORTLEPP T. ELA-O-010
NEWMAN M. ELA-P-012 OSAKA R. S-P-073
NEWMAN N. S-I-020 OSOKIN D.Y. ELA-P-015
NI N. S-I-019, OSTLER T. M-I-037
S-P-055 OSTROVSKY P.M. SM-O-012
NICKLAS M. S-I-069 OTANI Y. SM-P-007
NICOLESCU M. M-O-055 OUERGHI A. S-O-087
NIEBLER G. ELA-O-012 OVSYANNIKOV G.A. SM-O-009
NIGRO A. S-I-074, OYANAGI H. S-I-037
S-P-002 OZABACI M. S-P-065
NIJHUIS A. LSA-I-006 OZCELIK B. S-P-098,
NIKIFOROV A. M-P-111 S-P-100,
NIKITENKO Y.V. SM-O-013 S-P-101,
NISHIHARA H. M-O-066 M-O-020,
NISHIJIMA G. LSA-P-001 M-P-030,
NOCE C. SM-O-011 M-P-118
NOH T.W. M-I-033, OZCIVAN A.N. LSA-P-010
M-I-034 OZDEMIR M. M-P-003
NOSKOVIC J. S-O-072 LS-004
NOUDEM J.G. S-I-066, OZEL F. M-P-059
S-P-123 OZER S. M-O-063
NOUICER A. M-P-019 OZKAN H. M-P-053
NOURBAKHSH Z. M-O-104, OZTURK K. S-P-036,
M-P-129, S-P-042,
M-O-111, S-P-044,
M-P-060 S-P-045,
NOVAK V. M-P-023 S-P-046
NOVOSAD V. S-I-075 OZTURK O. S-P-051
NOVOTNÝ T. M-O-096, OZTURK O. M-O-023
ELA-O-012 LS-004
NOWAK U. M-I-037 OZTURK R. S-P-022
NUZHDIN V.I. M-O-120 OZTURK S. S-P-027
O‗GRADY K. PLN-007 OZTURK Y. M-O-035
OBAIDA M. M-P-097 OZTURK Z. Z. S-P-027
OBEIDAT A. M-P-074
OBERMEIER G. SM-I-005
AUTHOR ABSTRACT AUTHOR ABSTRACT
CODE CODE

OZYUZER L. S-O-006, PEDERSEN N.F. ELA-I-005


S-O-007, PEETERS F. M. S-I-056,
S-P-014, S-I-058,
S-P-018, S-I-061,
ELA-I-002, S-I-062,
ELA-I-004, S-I-075,
ELA-I-007 S-I-077
ÖRD T. S-P-030 PEKOLA J. ELA-P-006
PACE S. S-I-074 PEPE G.P. SM-I-013
PACHECO A. F. S-O-098, PERALI A. S-O-014
M-O-047 PEROV N. M-I-023
PAHLKE P. S-O-086 PEROV N. S. M-P-151
PAI S. P. S-O-022 PESCAGLINI A. ELA-I-012
PAINHO B. LSA-P-018 PÇTER L. M-I-015
PAIROR P. S-P-097 PETKOVIC I. S-O-113,
PAL A. S-I-023, S-P-125
S-P-059 PETRAKOVSKII G. M-P-099
PALAU A. S-I-079, PETTI D. M-I-007,
S-P-091 M-O-117,
PALENZONA A. S-I-020, M-O-118
S-I-027, PFUNER F. S-O-046
S-I-029, PHARK S. H. M-I-034
S-I-044 PHASE D.M. ELA-O-007
PALLECCHI I. S-I-020, PHIROUZNIA A. M-P-071
S-I-029, PIDIK A. S-O-072
S-I-044 PIETRONERO L. S-O-082
PALMISANO V. S-O-068 PINZARU D. M-P-013,
PANDA A.K. M-O-003 M-P-021,
PANDYA D.K. M-O-034, M-P-024,
M-O-098 M-P-096
PAOLASINI L. M-O-105 PIRAUX L. S-O-097,
PAPUNASHVILI N. A. S-P-021 ELA-O-003
PARDO E. S-I-054 PIRES A.S.T. M-P-098
PARISIADES P. S-I-043, PLOSS D. S-O-006
S-O-068 POLCARI A. S-P-002
PARK B. J. M-P-054, POLLERT E. M-P-064
M-P-066 POLTURAK E. S-I-070
PARK I.J. M-P-113 POLYANSKII A. S-I-027
PARK J. T. S-O-039 POMJAKUSHIN V. Y. M-P-082
PARK J.S. M-P-094 POMJAKUSHINA K. S-I-081
PARK M. LSA-P-016 PONNUSAMY S. M-O-051
PARK T. SM-I-004 POORMAND S. S-P-102
PARLAK C. S-O-038 POP A.V. S-P-003
PARVIN F. S-P-118 POP M. S-P-003
PASCARIU P. M-P-013, POPA S. M-O-055
M-P-021, POPOVICH P. S-O-117
M-P-024, PORTESI C. S-O-065,
M-P-096 ELA-P-008,
PASQUINI G. S-O-089, ELA-P-017
SM-P-004 POŢEK M. S-O-030
PASUK I. M-O-055 PRABHAKARAN D. M-O-040
PATRA M. M-P-116 PRADHAN K. M-O-115
PATURI P. S-P-090, PREGELJ M. M-O-084
ELA-I-013 PRELOVŠEK P. S-O-043
PAULOSE P.L. ELA-O-007 PREU S. S-O-006
PAWAR S. H. S-O-069, PRIBULOVÁ Z. S-O-048
S-P-061, PRIDA V.M. M-P-136
PRIKHNA T. S-P-109,
PAWLAK A. M-P-091 S-I-083
PEŢKO D. M-O-050 PRODI A. M-O-079
PEDERSEN J. N. M-O-096 PRONTO A.G. LSA-P-020
PROUST C. S-I-016
AUTHOR ABSTRACT AUTHOR ABSTRACT
CODE CODE

PROZOROV R. S-I-019, REDDY V.R. ELA-O-007


S-I-051, REHMAN M. A. U. S-O-093,
S-P-055, M-I-039,
M-I-006 M-O-025,
PLN-005 M-I-043
PROZOROV T. M-I-005, REIBOLD M. M-I-002
M-I-006 REID J.-P. S-I-019
PROZOROVA L.A. M-O-041 REISS G. PLN-008,
PUGGIONI D. S-O-002 M-P-093
PUIG T. S-I-079, REISSNER M. S-O-115
S-P-091 RELLINGHAUS B. S-P-083
PUTTI M. S-I-020, REPPERT J. LS-001
S-I-027, REYREN N. SM-I-003
S-I-029, RHEE J. M-P-054,
S-I-044 M-P-066
PUZANOV D.I. S-O-108 RICART S. S-I-079
PUZNIAK R. S-I-032 RIJNDERS G. M-I-031
PUZNIAK R. M-P-050, RINALDI C. M-O-117,
M-P-109 M-O-118
QI Y. P. S-I-033 RINDFLEISCH M. S-I-046
QIN J. LSA-I-006 RINGSDORF B. S-I-065,
QIN Z. S-P-019 S-O-064
QIU W.Q. ELA-P-005 ROBERGE G. ELA-O-016
QIU X.G. S-O-093 ROBINSON J.W.A. SM-I-009,
QUESADA F.S. ELA-P-011 SM-O-010
QUIQUIA J. B. S-O-032, ROCA A.G. M-I-036
SM-P-003 RODDARO S. ELA-I-012
QVILLER A.J. S-O-096, RODIG C. S-O-064,
S-P-078 S-O-070
RAABE D. S-P-082 RODITCHEV D. S-I-063
RADICESCU S. M-O-055 RODRIGUES A.L. LSA-P-020
RADUTA A. H. M-O-048 ROESSLER S. S-O-057
RADUTA A.A. M-O-048 ROGACKI K. S-I-032,
RAES B. S-O-095 S-O-056
RAFFY H. S-P-003 ROGALEV A. M-P-151
RÄGO K. S-P-030 ROGOV V.V. M-O-119
RAJPURE K.Y. M-P-139 ROKKAKU T. M-O-043
RAJTERI M. S-O-065, ROMANO A. S-P-002,
ELA-P-008 SM-O-011
RAMAKRISHNAN S. S-P-070 ROMANO P. S-P-002
RAMEEV B. M-O-081, ROMER S. M-O-046,
M-P-152, M-O-063
M-O-101, RONNING F. SM-I-004
M-P-003, ROSENMANN D. SM-I-015
M-P-005, ROSSMANITH R. LSA-P-025
M-P-124, ROSTILA L. S-O-112,
ELA-P-027, S-O-115
ELA-P-015 LSA-P-023
RAMÍREZ R. M-O-052 ROTENBERG E. M-I-034
RANA M. U. M-P-016 ROUCO V. S-I-079,
RAO A. S-P-031 S-P-091
RAO A.M. LS-001 ROUHOU A. C. M-I-035
RAO A. V. M-P-138 ROURKE P. S-I-016
RASEKH SH. S-I-004 ROUSSE G. S-O-003,
RATA A. D. M-I-002 M-O-079
RATH C. M-O-049 ROUT P.K. S-P-096
RAWLINGS C. S-O-025 ROWELL J.M. S-I-020
RAYAPROL S. M-P-130 ROY A. M-P-095
RAYCHAUDHURI P. S-O-022 ROY R. K. M-O-003
ROZMAN K. Z. M-O-045,
RAZAVI F.S. S-P-120 M-O-050,
RAZMKHAH S. ELA-O-015 M-P-156
RUDNEV S-P-124
RUPICH M.W. LSA-I-009
AUTHOR ABSTRACT AUTHOR ABSTRACT
CODE CODE

RÜHM A. SM-O-013 SCHÄFERS M. PLN-008


RYAZANOV V.V. SM-I-005 SCHEBAUM O. PLN-008
RYDH A. S-P-089 SCHEFER J. M-P-099
RYKOVA А.I. M-P-110 SCHEICHER R.H. LS-003
SABANER M.A. M-P-057 SCHEITER J. S-O-070
SABER M. M-P-001, SCHLACHTER S.I. S-I-065,
M-P-002 S-O-064,
SADIKOV I.P. M-O-011 LSA-I-007
SADOWSKI J. M-O-010, SCHLENGA K. S-O-070
ELA-P-019 SCHMALHORST J. PLN-008,
SAFAEI S. ELA-O-024, M-P-093
ELA-O-025 SCHMID I. M-O-046
SAFRAN S. S-O-112 SCHMIDT C. S-P-109
SAILER B. S-O-070 SCHMITTECKERT P. M-O-096
SAITO A. ELA-P-016 SCHMOLINGA L. S-O-070
SAITO K. M-I-004 SCHNEIDER C. M-O-070
SAITO S. S-I-014 SCHNEIDER C. M. M-P-022
SAITO T. S-O-042 SCHNEIDER T. M-I-025
SAITOVITCH E. B. M-P-157 SCHNEIDEWIND A. S-O-039
SAKATA H. S-P-006, SCHNITZLER N. M-P-022
S-P-013, SCHREIBER R. M-P-022
S-P-057 SCHUBERT J. ELA-O-015
SAKURABA Y. M-I-004 SCHUBERT M. S-O-064,
SALE A. G. M-O-083, S-O-070
M-P-004 SCHULLER I. K. SM-P-004
SALEEM S. ELA-I-006 SCHULTZ L. S-I-030,
SALEM A. S-O-104 S-I-035,
SALEM A. F. S-O-045, S-O-044,
S-P-119, S-O-047,
S-P-064, S-O-051,
S-P-068 S-O-055,
SALEM M. B. S-P-035, S-O-064,
S-P-037 S-O-070,
SALES B. C. S-O-111 S-O-086,
SAMAL D. S-P-110, S-P-008,
M-O-036 S-P-083,
SAMARH D. A. M-P-074 M-I-002,
SAMARIYA A. M-P-157 LSA-P-026,
SAMOILENKOV S. S-P-124 LSA-P-005
SAMOYLENKOV S. ELA-P-032 SCHUMACHER H.-W. PLN-008
SAMSONOVA V. M-I-023 SCHUMACHER S.W. M-P-048
SAMUELY P. S-O-048 SCHURIG T. M-P-048
SANAIA E. S-P-034 SEE K.W. LSA-P-017
SANCHEZ A. S-O-090 SEFAT A. S. S-O-111
SANDIM M.J.R. S-P-082 ŠEFŢIKOVÁ M. S-O-026
SANDIUMENGE F. S-I-079 SEGA I. S-O-043
SANDU A.V. M-P-024 SEGAL Y. M-I-032
SANDU E. M-O-055 SEIBT M. PLN-008
SANDU V. M-O-055 SEKIYA N. ELA-P-016
SANGIAO S. ELA-O-022 SELLAM A. S-O-003
SANTIAGO A. G. S-O-072, SELVAMANICKAM V. LSA-I-009,
ELA-P-004 LSA-O-005
SAOUDEL A. S-P-029 SEMENOV A. V. S-P-054
SARAC U. M-P-015 SEMENOV V.G. M-O-008
SARICA T. S-P-023 SENATORE C. S-I-041,
SARKAR A. S-P-077, S-I-046,
S-P-090, S-P-108
ELA-I-013 SENEL H. S-P-023
SARKAR P. M-P-133 SENSHU Y. S-I-016,
SARNELLI E. ELA-P-011 S-I-022
SARRESHTEDARI F. ELA-O-015 SEONG K.C. LSA-P-016
SASMAZ M. M-P-031 SERAFIN A. S-I-022
SAVCHUK Y. S-P-109 SEREDKIN V. A. M-O-120
SCAGNOLI V. M-O-105 SERGA A.A. M-I-025
SERGEYEV D. ELA-P-010
SERGIENKO N. S-P-109
SERNA C.J. M-I-036
AUTHOR ABSTRACT AUTHOR ABSTRACT
CODE CODE

SERRANO L. M-O-047 SIERRA J. F. M-I-041


SESÇ J. S-O-098 SIEVERS S. M-P-048
SEZER S. S-P-011, SIGRIST M. S-I-069
S-P-012, SILHANEK A. V. S-I-068,
S-P-067 S-O-090,
SHADRIN A.V. SM-O-009 S-O-095
SHAFRANIUK S. S-I-013
SHAHABUDDIN M. S-P-068 SILVA C.J.R. M-P-095
SHAHBAZI F. M-O-037, SILVA E. D. D. M-O-006
M-P-041 SILVA T. M-O-070
SHAHREZA M. E. S-P-113 SIM K. LSA-P-008,
SHAIKH P.A. M-P-138, LSA-P-016
M-P-139 SIMONELLI L. S-O-068,
SHAKERIPOUR H. S-I-019 LS-005
SHANENKO A. A. S-I-058 SIMSEK Y. S-O-006,
SHARIF R. M-O-061 S-P-014,
SHARIFI R. LSA-O-007 S-P-018,
SHARMA D. S-P-004 ELA-I-004,
SHARMA S. M-P-154 ELA-I-007
SHARMA S.K. M-P-058 ŠINDLER M. S-P-084
SHAVROV V.G. M-P-136 SINGH G. SM-P-005
SHAW J. M-O-070 SINGH M. M-O-034,
SHAYESTEH S.F. M-P-101, M-P-036,
M-P-103 M-P-058
SHCHUROVA L. SM-O-007 SINGH P. S-O-036,
SHEHZADI S. M-O-061 SM-O-002
SHEIKIN I. S-O-083 SINGH R.K. S-I-020
SHEN X. M-P-040 SINGHAL R.K. M-P-157
SHEN Y. S-I-020 SINHA B. B. S-O-069,
SHENGELAYA A. S-I-081 S-P-061
SHEPTYAKOV D.V. M-P-082 SINHA K. P. S-O-050
SHEU H. S. S-P-058 SIPATOV A. S-P-071
SHEVCHENKO O. G. S-P-054 SIRUGURI V. M-P-130
SHEVCHUN A.F. S-P-122 SIUSYS A. ELA-P-019
SHI Y. S-P-111 SIZOVA Z.I. M-P-056
SHIBAUCHI T. S-I-016, SKRBEK L. S-P-084
S-I-018, SKRESANOV V. S-P-055
S-I-022, SKVORTSOV M.A. SM-O-012
S-I-025 SLICHTER D.H. ELA-I-010
SHIGETA I. M-O-043 SMEIBIDL P. M-O-040
SHIH H.C. M-P-084 SMEKHOVA A. M-P-151
SHIM K. LSA-I-005 SMOLYAK B.M. S-O-091
SHIMIZU S. S-O-012 SMRCKA L. M-P-023
SHIMOYAMA J. S-I-034 SNIGIREV O. ELA-P-013
SHIOHARA Y. ELA-O-018 SNIGIREV O.V. ELA-O-002
SHIRAGE P. M. S-O-012 SODE H. M-P-067
SHISHIDO H. S-I-016, SOHN M.H. LSA-P-016
S-I-022, SOKOLOV V. M-P-099
S-O-033 SOKOLOVSKIY V.V. M-P-089,
SHITOV A.A. M-P-068 M-P-090
SHITSEVALOVA N. M-O-072 SOKOLOVSKY V. LSA-P-002
SHKLOVSKIJ V. A. S-I-078, SOLDATENKOV F. YU. S-O-037
S-P-087 SOLDATOV E.S. ELA-O-002
SHOBAKY G. A. E. M-P-014 SOLÍS P. J. C S-O-072
SHRIPATHI T. M-O-049 SONI A. S-P-031
SHUKLA A. S-O-003 SORBA L. ELA-I-012
SHURINOVA E.V. M-P-056 SOTELO A. S-I-004
SIDDIQI I. ELA-I-010 ŠOUC J. S-O-112,
SIDIS Y. S-P-115, LSA-O-003
S-O-039
SIDORENKO A. SM-I-005
SIEMENS M. M-O-070
AUTHOR ABSTRACT AUTHOR ABSTRACT
CODE CODE

SOZERI H. M-O-026, TAKASHIMA S. S-I-009


M-P-008, TAKENOUCHI T. S-I-011
M-O-123, TAKESHITA N. S-I-009
M-P-035, TAMEGAI T. SM-I-011
M-P-053, TAN M. M-P-143,
M-P-081 M-P-144
SPARING M. S-P-083 TANAKA K. S-O-061
SPEKTOR M. LSA-P-002 TANAKA S. ELA-P-013
SPELLER S. S-P-099, TANAKA Y. S-I-067
ELA-I-006, TANASE S.I. M-P-013,
LS-007 M-P-021,
SPISAK B. J. SM-P-002 M-P-024,
SPITSINA N.G. M-P-061 M-P-096
SRISONGMUANG B. S-P-097 TANATAR M. A. S-I-019,
SRIVASTAVA A. M-P-077 S-P-055
STAHN J. SM-O-013 TANG F.L. S-O-066
STAMOPOULOS D. S-P-082 TANNER J.L. ELA-I-013
STAMPS R.L. M-I-025 TANRISEVER T. M-P-052,
STAUFFER T.C. LSA-I-009 M-P-059
STEGLICH F. S-I-069, TAOUFIK A. S-P-005,
S-O-057 S-P-009,
STEITZ R. SM-O-013 S-P-010
STEPANOV A.L. M-O-120 TARALLI E. S-O-065,
STEPANOV A.S. ELA-O-002 ELA-P-008
STIEHLER C. LSA-P-026, TARANTINI C. S-I-020,
LSA-O-003 S-I-044
STOJŢEVSKA L. S-O-024, TARIQ M. ELA-P-031
S-O-052, TASALTIN N. S-P-027
S-O-100 TASCIOGLU I. M-P-125
STOLL H. M-I-014 TASKAEV S.V. M-P-089,
SU Y. M-O-105 M-P-090
SUDEROW H. S-O-098 TASSI M. S-P-082
SUGANO M. S-P-073 TAUFOUR V. S-I-015
SUHODOLŢAN L. M-O-050 TAVERNA D. S-O-003
SUKEGAWA H. M-I-026 TAYLOR H. LS-007
SULAIMAN D.R. ELA-P-023, TEHRANCHI M.M. M-O-032,
LSA-P-024 M-O-090,
SULIMAN I.E. M-O-090 M-P-071
SUMPTION M.D. S-I-042 TEICHERT A. SM-O-013
SUN D.L. S-O-039 TEJADA J. S-O-072,
SUN G.L. S-O-117 ELA-P-004
SUN Y. M-O-086 TELLING M. M-O-040
SUSNER M.A. S-I-042 TEMPERE J. S-O-095
SVEC P. M-O-003 TEMPFLI M. M. S-O-097
SVERDUN V. S-P-109 TEMPFLI S. M. S-O-097
SVISTOV L.E. M-O-041 TENNANT D.A. M-O-040,
SVOBODA P. M-P-023 M-O-095
SZABÓ P. S-O-048 TEPE M. S-P-032
SZYMCZAK H. M-P-112 TERAKURA C. S-I-009
SZYMCZAK R. M-O-099 TERASHIMA T. S-I-016,
TABATA S. S-O-012 S-I-018,
TABRIZI K. G. M-P-071 S-I-022
TADDEI F. ELA-O-025 TERCEDOR C. V. M-I-005
TAFURI F. ELA-I-009 TERZIEVA S. S-I-065
TAGIROV L.R. PLN-009, TERZIOGLU C. S-O-010,
M-O-101, S-O-023,
SM-I-005 S-O-099,
TAILLEFER L. S-I-019 S-P-029,
TAJABOR N. S-P-102 S-P-051
TAJIMA S. S-O-061 TESAŘ R. S-P-084
TAKAGI H. S-I-009 TESHIMA H. ELA-P-016
TAKAHASHI M. S-P-073 TESTA A.M. M-I-012
TAKAHASHI N. S-I-052 TEWARI B.S. S-O-118
TAKAMI T. S-I-008 THAKUR S. M-P-036,
TAKANASHI K. M-I-004 M-P-058
TAKANO Y. S-I-011, THALMEIER P. S-O-035
S-P-057
AUTHOR ABSTRACT AUTHOR ABSTRACT
CODE CODE
THAMIZHAVEL A. S-P-070,
M-O-105 TSUKAMOTO O. S-I-052
THERSLEFF T. S-O-044, TSUKERNIK A. M-O-112
S-O-055, TSUNG W. T. S-P-016
S-O-086, TUKEL Y. ELA-P-025
S-P-083 TUNC C. A. ELA-P-025
THERSLEFF T. D. S-I-035 TURKOGLU F. S-O-006,
THIEL K. PLN-008 S-O-007,
THIMONT Y. S-O-015 S-P-014,
THOMAS A. PLN-008 S-P-018,
THOMPSON J.D. SM-I-004 ELA-I-004
TIDECKS R. SM-I-005 TYLISZCZAK T. M-O-047
TIMOFEEV A.V. ELA-P-006 UCHIDA S. LS-002
TIRPANCI S. M-P-017 UCHIYAMA H. S-O-061
TITELMAN L. M-P-050, UEN T.M. S-O-059,
M-P-109 S-P-015,
TJENG L. H. S-O-057 S-P-016,
TKACH V. S-P-109 M-P-083,
TODA M. LSA-P-010 M-P-100
TOKIWA Y. SM-I-004 UMABUCHI M. S-I-052
TOKURA A. Y. M-I-033 UMMARINO G.A. S-O-040
TONEGAWA S. S-I-016, UNAL B. M-O-026,
S-I-022 M-P-035
TOPAL U. S-P-048, USHERENKO S. M-P-147
S-P-094, USLAN F. M-O-035
M-P-030, USMAN M. M-O-064
M-P-079, USOSKIN A. LSA-I-009
ELA-P-022 UWATOKO Y. S-I-008
TOPKAYA R. M-O-023, UZUN O. S-P-048,
M-P-143, S-P-066,
M-P-144, M-P-010,
M-P-097, ELA-P-022
LS-004 VAEZ A. M-O-104
TOPRAK M.S. M-O-026, VAGOV A. S-I-058
M-P-025, VAILIONIS A. M-I-031
M-P-026, VAISER V. M-P-147
M-P-035, VAJPAYEE A. S-O-071,
M-P-081 S-P-060
TOROKHTII K. S-P-055 VAKHITOV I.R. M-O-101
TORRIOLI G. ELA-I-014 VALEEV V.F. M-O-083,
TORTELLO M. S-I-032, M-O-120,
S-O-040 M-P-004
TORTI A. M-I-007 VALLE N. D. S-O-090
TOZAN S. S-P-011, VAN DER BEEK C. J. S-I-025
S-P-012, VANACKEN J. S-O-097
S-P-067 VARGUNIN A. S-P-030
TREZIEVA S. LSA-I-007 VARILCI A. S-O-010,
TRIPATHI R. M-P-146 S-O-023,
TRIPATHI V. S-O-022 S-O-099,
S-P-029
TRISCONE J. -M. M-I-032, VARNAVSKII S.A. M-O-099
SM-I-003 VARVARO G. M-I-012
TROCHA P. SM-O-006 VARYUKHIN V.N. M-P-050
TROITSKIІ A.V. LSA-P-022 VASEK P. M-P-023
TROMMLER S. S-O-086 VASILIEV A.M. M-O-041
TROPEANO M. S-I-020, VAVASSORI P. M-I-007
S-I-027, VAZ C.A.F. M-I-032
S-I-029 VDOVICHEV S.N. M-O-119
TRUKHANOV A.V. M-P-112 VECCHIONE A. S-P-002
TRUKHANOV S.V. M-P-112 VELIKANOV D. M-P-099
TRUNIN M.R. S-P-122 VENUGOPALAN K. M-P-034,
TSENDIN K.D. S-O-037 ELA-O-007
TSENG J.W. M-P-073 VERDAGUER S. V. M-I-036
TSINDLEKHT M.I. S-O-092 VESAHGI M.A. ELA-P-033
TSUCHIDA T. S-I-011 VESHCHUNOV I.S. S-O-117
TSUDA M. LSA-P-010, VESTGÅRDEN J.I. S-O-096,
LSA-P-014 M-O-067
TSUEI K. D. S-P-058
AUTHOR ABSTRACT AUTHOR ABSTRACT
CODE CODE

VEVERKA M. M-O-114, WEN H.H. S-I-020,


M-P-064
VEVERKA P. M-P-064 WENDT M. S-P-109
VIEIRA S. S-O-098 WERNER J. S-I-035
VIGNOLLE B. S-I-016 WESSEL W.A.J. LSA-I-006
VIGNOLLES D. S-I-016 WEST K. M-I-027
VIJAY R. ELA-I-010 WESTERHOLT K. M-P-097
VILJAMAA J. S-O-115 WEYENETH S. S-I-032
VILLEGAS J.E. SM-I-008, WHEELER E.M. M-O-040
SM-P-004 WIESENDANGER R. M-I-009
VINNIKOV L. Y. S-O-117 WILSON S. M-O-095
VINOKUR V. ELA-P-004 WINKLER D. SM-O-009
VITUSEVICH S. S-P-055 WIRTH S. S-O-057
VLAD L. M-P-013, WISNIEWSKI A. M-P-050,
M-P-021, M-P-109
M-P-024, WITT J. SM-I-009
M-P-096 WÓJCIK P. SM-P-002
VLAD R. S-I-079 WOJTAN M. P. M-O-046
VLASAK G. M-O-003 WOLF S. A. M-I-027
VLASOV V.V. SM-I-015 WOSIŃSKI T. M-O-010
VOJENCIAK M. LSA-P-026, WOSNITZA J. S-O-083
LSA-O-003, WU B. SM-P-008
LSA-P-015 WU C.-M. SM-O-005
VOLOSHIN I. ELA-P-032 WU J.C. M-P-073
VORAKIAT C. L. O. M-O-070 WU K.H. S-O-059,
VORONOV V.V. LSA-P-022 S-P-015,
VOROTYNOVA O. V. M-O-120 S-P-016,
VRATISLAV S. M-O-114 M-P-083,
VYBORNY Z. M-P-023 M-P-100
WACHTER P. S-I-049 WU Y. SM-P-008
WACKER A. M-O-096 WULFERDING D. M-I-017
WADA T. M-O-066 XI X. X. LSA-I-008
WAGH A.A. M-O-121 XIAHOU H. ELA-P-018
WAKUDA T. S-P-073 XIAN W. S-P-092,
WALKER F.J. M-I-032 LSA-P-009
WALLRAFF A. ELA-I-015 XIAO Y. M-O-105
WANG C.-W. SM-O-005 XIE X.Y. LSA-I-009
WANG C.Y. M-P-073 XING Y.T. M-P-157
WANG D. L. S-I-033 YABUSHITA A. S-P-016
WANG F. M-O-086 YAGAI T. LSA-P-010,
WANG H. B. S-O-006, LSA-P-014
S-P-018, YAGUBSKII E.B. M-P-061
ELA-I-004, YAKINCI M. E. S-P-022,
ELA-I-007, S-P-024,
ELA-I-008 S-P-026,
WANG L. S-I-033 S-P-040,
WANG M.A. LS-002 S-P-049,
WANG S. ELA-O-009 S-P-065,
WANG W. H. M-I-026 S-P-076,
WANG Y. T. S-P-016 S-P-100,
WARBURTON P. A. ELA-I-006 S-P-101,
WARCHULSKA J. M-P-110 S-P-105,
WATANABE K. S-P-082, S-P-106,
LSA-P-001 M-P-030
WATANABE T. ELA-O-018 YAKINCI Z. D. S-P-103,
WAWRZYNSKA E. M-O-040 S-P-104
WAZ S. S-P-112 YAMADA H. ELA-I-003,
WEBB J. SM-P-006 ELA-P-016
WEBER H. W. S-I-054, YAMADA Y. ELA-O-018
S-I-080, YAMAMOTO A. S-I-027
S-O-026, YAMAMOTO T. ELA-I-004,
S-P-109 ELA-I-006
WEDDEMANN A. PLN-008 YAMAN A. S-P-023
WEI F. M-O-008 YAMASAKI T. S-P-006
WEILER M. M-P-067 YAMASHITA M. S-I-016,
WELP U. SM-I-015, S-I-022
ELA-I-004 YAMASHITA S. S-I-052
YAMASHITA T. ELA-I-008
YAMAUCHI T. M-O-066
AUTHOR ABSTRACT AUTHOR ABSTRACT
CODE CODE

YAN B. M-P-062 ZAEFFERER S. S-P-082


YAN G. M-O-045 ZAGAYNOVA V.S. M-P-061
YAN S. ELA-P-018 ZAHARKO O. M-O-084
YAN Y. S-P-092, ZAIM A. M-P-049
LSA-P-009 ZAITSEV A.V. SM-O-009
YANG B. ELA-P-018 ZAKHAROV M.S. S-O-091
YANG H.D. M-P-135 ZANDI H. ELA-O-024
YANG J.C. M-P-084 ZAOUI A. M-I-024,
YANG Y. S-I-013 M-P-104
YANMAZ E. S-P-036, ZARBALIYEV M. Z. M-P-132
S-P-042, ZASADZINSKI J.F. ELA-I-002
S-P-046, ZASHCHIRINSKII D.M. M-O-082,
S-P-050, M-O-099
S-P-052, ZDRAVKOV V. SM-I-005
S-P-053, ZEHETMAYER M. S-I-080
S-P-069, ZENELI O. B. M-I-002
S-P-099 ZENG D.C. ELA-P-005
YAO X. S-P-019 ZENKEVICH A. M-P-153
YASAR E. M-P-120 ZHANG C. J. S-I-037
YASTRUBCHAK O. M-O-010 ZHANG J. S-P-019,
YAVARI H. S-P-113, M-P-040
S-P-025 ZHANG P.X. LSA-O-008
YAZICI D. S-P-098, ZHANG X. P. S-I-033
S-P-100, ZHANG Z. M-I-032
S-P-101 ZHAO X. S-O-030
YERIN Y. S. S-P-017 ZHAO X. ELA-P-018
YERLI Y. ELA-P-027 ZHERNENKOV K.N. SM-O-013
YESILKANAT C. M. S-P-033, ZHGAMADZE V. V. S-P-021
S-P-039 ZHIGADLO N. D. S-I-032,
YILDIRIM G. S-O-099 S-O-052,
YILDIRIM M. M-P-149 S-O-056,
YILDIRIM O. S-P-121 S-O-117
YILDIZ H. M-O-058 ZHOU C. LSA-I-006
YILDIZ S. S-P-033, ZHOU J.-S. S-I-008
S-P-048, ZHUKOV A. M-I-023,
S-P-079, M-P-069
S-P-088 ZHUKOVA V. M-I-023,
YILGIN R. M-O-023, M-P-069
M-O-058, ZIQ K. A. S-O-045,
M-P-097 S-P-119,
YILMAZ A. M-P-079 S-P-064,
YILMAZ F. S-P-048, S-P-068,
M-P-010, M-P-158,
ELA-P-022 M-O-073
YIM H.I. M-P-094 ZMORAYOVÁ K. S-O-026
YOO B.H. LSA-P-013 ZORKO A. M-O-084
YOO J. M-P-054, ZOU T. M-O-086
M-P-066 ŻUK J. M-O-010
YOUM D. M-P-054, ZULKIFLI Z. ELA-O-018
M-P-066 ZUO T. ELA-P-018
YU G. S-O-030 ZVEZDIN A. M-P-069
YU I.K. LSA-P-016
YU J. M-I-034
YU R. M-O-057
YUAN W. S-P-092,
LSA-P-009
YUCE B. ELA-P-002
YUCEL E. S-P-062
YURCHENKO V.V. S-O-096,
S-P-078,
M-O-067
YUZEPHOVICH O. S-P-071
YUZHELEVSKI Y. M-P-109
ZABALETA J. S-I-079
ZABLUDA V. N. M-O-120
ZADE R. A. M-P-032

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