3

16 7

18

3 8
4
4
0

l
,

so 01
1 59

2
0

10 8 7 1 )

1i

9 1 9 )
0

1 88 1 9 8 l 18 8 1 9 10

17 12 3

4 69
.

35 1

16 8

[z1

[,

18 85 2 36o

1 9 1

1 58O c
.

19 6
4

9 5
1
1

19

19 1
0 3 : 5

91

19
1 1 19
5 0

10

19 H 1 9
5 0

1 91 0

L 8
0 18 84

19 5
1

19 4
6

71

19
1 1

8 8
1

( )

;
,

;
3 a 7
,

10
1)

1 8 8 1 9 9
6

lo

( 1 % 1 1 9 9( ) ) 91 51

,

1 88 19 9 6

27

53 1 8 1 9
10

1 9

1 9 51 1 9
1 5
6 ( 1

169

5 ) 1 56

1 0
5 o
E 54 N
o
.

0 4

35
,

1 95 1 1 )

35 1 5
6

5
9

38
4

6
8

35

18 86 18 87
,

5
0 % ; 1 98
,

;,

0
3

0 %
8

1 9 51 1 )
1 95 1 1 195 0
,

8 8 18 9
1

35 18 8 1 9 6

12

12 2

35

C 0 5

0 0

0 5

m m 100

2
0

4
0

( l )a

5
0

7
0 so

,
.

19 4

80

01

1 8 0

190 0

1 8 l,

19 10

1 0

193 0

1 950

19
6 0

1 970

1 9 0

20 00

( 1 19 96 ) 4
0

19 8 0

( ) ( b
)

1 8 8 1 9 6

1 94 0

3


91 2
0 80 20 4
0

l o
,

4
0

oJ
r,

l e 80

17 0

4
O

0
7

0
2

H 7 5

8 1 9 6

6
0

2 0 3
0

6
0

18

40

7
0 80

l 8

4
D

0
5

35 ( l )b

1 9 )

(2 )

15

Jl

19 11 1
9

0
8

9 8
1
4

( 12 )

10

19
7 7

1 5

19

(5 )
.

52
5

5 34
,

19

1 5

5 1 3
8

(2)

14
8

(B )

19

1 19
7

12D

Zk
a Z K
a

14 -

17 8 t 8
5

28

23

1 4

41

8 1

( )
6

19 3

(4)

7
1

45
1

19
7 9

l
(4 )

4
3

32 1

S T U D n O N ( ) A T
] [N G
I C C H A N G E I N C H D U
1 E L AS T O N E H U N D R E D Y E A P S

Wa n g sh

atm ic hal

A t
c

di
e

at

ed th

en d y

u s

ed

in

f cl i m
o
a

K :e
y

t
S
a

sc

d i es

n
o

ari ty

f
o

se ri es o
f p

o
s
n
te

Ch in
a

io n
o

pm

in
c l u d i h is to

al

la t i e

te

d ro

mp
e m

~~

in C h i n
a d
u ir gn

n d a ta h as
o

u of
axm

e n

li lr

ti

da t a

f
O

b s e rv

an d d
e ve l

li

,
of &

h
g

ha
n ge

ts

l t ln

1 )
7

na

g o
f

p ip ita
c

lin o

io n

e e

s e

ne d ac

~
te

C hi

tm
ax
w

08

t
w
t
y
the n
are rev i d l
eo l d
t
ic c
h an ge
ly hi nd red th un ders tan di ng of cli rn
t
a
e
n

t
t
ri al d o
i
d a t h a
a
c
v

an ,
e
um

in

u
ro

e s

ri

e o n

h
g

of Ch ia
n

r
fo

l in
g

to

th

l 8 80

on tru

19 9 6

ted

s e

is in

Re

en

W i

ri es