NAT|ONAL

GGRl

LRNlNG

CENGAGE
Lrig,

ose_
l

'*

.-i

r:

.;" l,

&,

o,.gtin

,,#

t&*{
_"r
-*

} i "

-,

:,1R.* *j**
,* },

i"#;#

"d+

Angela l
Katrina Gormley

F;,J

*,,"

&

._

alj

Yr Wr[d
5-1

2 Mysteries of the Wor[d

t7-28

REV|EW 1, Vocabulary & Grmmr

h Power of Colour;
multiple_choice questions

e_related Words.
collocations & expressions,
preposition5

present 5imple, t continuoUS,

stative rs, articles

h Mystery of tbe l;
m;sig 5t5

mystery-feiated Words, hrsl

rs, Word formation

past sjmple, past continuous, used to,

v1lould, Used to & get Lrsed to

hlth_ & fitnes5_related

WordS, pepo5itions.

present rft Simple & present

perfect continuouS, fo r, since,lately,

29-30
h Secrets of Long Life;
multjple thig

3 Fit as Fiddte

locations & rssis

31-42
the Edge of Space;

4 Technotogicat Marve[s

multiple-choice questions

4-54

REV|EW 2: Vocabulary & Ormmr

h Vision; missing

6 Living History

King Tlrt's Family Secrets;

mUltiple-choice qUest;ons

69-80

REV|EW 3, Vocabulary & Grmmr

Wild World

adverti5ements;
mu]tip]e-choice questionS

95-106

Yama5hita;

Land of Fir and lce;

muitiple-choice qUe5tionS

REV|EW 5, Vocabulary & Grmmr

'l1 rim Time

Collocations &
l

t2

Expressions:

Prepositions:
Phrasal Verbs,
Speaking lnformation:

media-related words, phrasal

passive voice: tenses. gerund,

infinitives & modal verbs, impersonai

rs, Wrd {ormation

Wk_rltd WordS,
| ocations & expressions,

reported speech: stateaents,

question5, commands & requests,
rrtlg Vr5

holiday- & travel-related

words, word formation &
sl verbs

conditionals: zr, first, second

& third, mied conditiona15,
conditiona 5 Without i{ Wisb & if /

crime_reIated words,
locations & expressions,

relative clauses: defining & non

defining, participle auses

{ashion & shopping-related

wrds, hrsl verbs, word

causative, irsi: under

circurnstances, vr & t /,..
bUt a/so, it! (aboutlhiglr) time

prepoSitions

prepoSitions

h Decade That Fshi

Forgot; multiple matching

REvlEW 6, Vocabulary & Grammar 159-160

Rfr,
lrregular Verbs:
Writing Reference,
Speaking Reference,

gerUnd5 & in{initives, make & /et.

miS of adjectives & adverbs,
too, enough, so & such

t_l34

Littledean Jai ;
multiple-choice questions

15-,l46

Grammar

natural disaster r ated words.

coJlocations & expessions,

missing sentences

121-,l2

an

interview with Michael

I0 See the Wortd

past perfect simple & past perfect

continuous, question taqs, pronouns

107-108
Life i Pictures;

147-158

history-related words, phrasal

rs, wrd formation

& personaltructures

REV|EW 4, Vtry & Grammar

l2 Y Are What You Wr

moda s, semi_modals, modalS perfect

prepositions

8 Media Matters

success & ambition

8I-82

Frk Frs of Ntu;

ultil matching

8-94

109-120

future simple, sha//, going to,

futur continuous & {t perfect
sirnple, temporals

related Words, prepoSitionS.

col ocations & expessions

57-68

9 Making Living

technology related words,

wd formation, phrasal s

55-56

5 High-Ftyers

a/ready, yet & sti/l, countab]e &

uUt US, quantifiers

161-I75
176-177
178-185
186
187
188
189
l90

formation

.hiqUstis
::-,eS)

..

talking about perSonal]ties, prob em

SolVing, recommending

i{rl ttr,

Dreamt]me PainterS

Mar{a Lights

USing colourful ]diomS & hS

VrS

-ipe_choicequeStionS

talking about mysteries, decision making,

persuadinq & convincinq

story

::

ta king about stress, comparing

article,

:ak 9

- iip]e choice questions

: ]

-,

thig

t ple-choice questionS

- _.:

taking

photographs, sequencing ideas

uSing adjectiVes d adverbs

g]Vlng adv]ce

talking about th]g, rig

htghs, rh5i9

email,
auses { reason & contrast

talk]ng aboUt ambjtion and success,

deciS]on making, expreSsing certa]nty &

e5Say,

ta]king about hiStory decision making,

ssig opinion

ifrml letter,

ta king about th tu Wor]d,

mig photographs, asking for

St,

presentin9 rgurts

trsing

quliis

Sequencing events

h Sc]ence { Stress

ssig Antarctica

Giza Pyramids

d hs-^

ar]f]cation

-l t ple_choice questions
.:ctures)

talkin9 about th media, deciSion

making, shoWing that you r ]iSteninq

editing ur Work

^-J t]p matching

ta]king about Work, conrparing

htgr5, Sidig aLternativeS

presentingfactua information

irru]t]ple_choice questions

ta]kin9 aborlt hol]days, decision making,

stating Preferences & 9iVing rss

ti ,
adjeccives

h Exciting Streets of

ta]king about rim, r enr 5 Ving,

su99eSt]ng a]ternativeS

e5Say,

Cambodia Animal Rescue

talking about fshi, comparing

ht9rh5, giving yoUrself ti to

revie

rlultip choice questions

mUltiple choice questions

thin k

]stmig

Supporting ur qumts

History { Eilm

Wildf] htqh

rl

h rt { Makinq Si|k

Reading: article,multiple-choicequestions

Vocabulary: people-related Words, colIocations & expressions, prepositions

Grmmr: present simple, rst continuous, articles
Listening: muItiple-choicequestions(pictures)
Speaking: talking about personalities, rIm solving, recommending
Writing: informal letter, using colourful idioms & hrsl rs

d\1

What do you associate the colours red, yellow d with?

computergenerated

image (ri9ht)
shows what
lur-id
rs sees.

dye: m-md sust

'ynthetic
that
hg' the Iur of smthig
dmi: igmr important r
wrful th other people or things

stimulont: smthig that makes the

mid r body mr active

stobility wh somethingis not likely to

hg

col

Kead the article below. What new things did you learn about the

colours listed?

The ?wr 4

girl d rainbow of

crushed ice flavours at

Chowpatty Beach, lndia

i
::

murig:

that show d

'dss
feelwhe somebody dies

rl humans saw variety of tul

colours around them, {rm the rws
and greens of the soil and ants to the
deep ues and d of th sky. They
parnted 1heir bodies w-h colo.lts'ro.
nature ta signal aggression toward an
l,, r l ,nal ll^er selves aTtrdc ve
to mate.

over the centuries. the surs

lurs such as blue, purp and rd

were high valued and they wr often
worth as much as go d. l the 19th
century, young chemistry Student
manu{actured the {irst synthetic dye,
and sudden the world became muh
mr colourful l, ] the 20th century,
scientists discovered the psychologica
effects of colours, and l found
ways to use this discovery to influence
our fee inqs and behaviour,

kd

Red, th co]our of Llood, symbolises

fire, love and gr l str cultures,
people ieve it ings luk, wealth
and success, ln humans, the ur rd
send diflerent messages, Some
l redden, fr example, when they
r gr r mrrssd, Researchers
have discovered that in sts the team
thal is wea" -9 ,ed is rore lil,e to win,
Why? Because red seems to the
lUr f,dI .iola'5 ri d -, 9 vin9
those dressed in red advantage

Choose the answer (, , r d) whih fits best

according to the text.

The first man-made colours were produced

in the 1 9th century,
in the 20th century,
only recently.
d centurie5 9.

According to th text, th lr red

symbolises bad luck.
is believed to embarrass l,
makes people less aggressive.
d gives advantaqe to team members who wear it,
Yellow is used to highlight information in text because
it iS imtt lur.
it is highly isi ]r.
it used to caution people.
d l rfr this lr to other colour5.
Wht r English sks referring to when they talk
ab,out lig b/ue' (r 5, li 12)?
being sad
being in trl
ig upset when someone dies
d being lm
The hrs this idea (para 6, line 5) refers to

. - sons are less aggressive wh the

,,, s r specific shade of pink,

,:

,rr|,|
ow, the ]ur that comes to mind

.,,.l we think of sushi, is found

:d

,
aS

]m
in-

multiple-choice
i5
in

questionS, a5k yoU rSelf if each option

1
true r false based What is Written
i
the text.This Will hl you to eliminate i
options that are lrl
:

wrong,

*-.*_,..,-.".i

'Get the meaning!

Complete th sentences with these adjectives

from the text.

ag9essive attractive depressed

mrssd trustworthy
1

l rl on you

you are
you are sad and
feel that you cannot en,ioy anything.

3
4

if

you are

lf

You feel ashamed r sh if you are

When l r

they

Somebody who is
to look at.

i5

behave angrily or violently toward others.

pleasant

relaxation.

painting roomS.

- Sti9 events. l m animal

::is (including humanS), contact
,, : this bold lr causes the hi
-:: to increase, However. of
-:C's ighter shades, pink, have
--:,oooos'te effect
l, Men in
h

Wh answering

stopping hunger.
food.

What i5 thi5 text mainly about?

how lur has calming effect
the sources of lr
how views of colour have changed
d how lr influences people

Lls-U

.^roughout nature and the m-md

.,, {d as lr that mmds
.ti; indeed, it is of the easiest
.lurs to see. This highly isi shade
s fd everything frm school
. JSeS to traffic 5ig5 and PenS that We
JSe to highlight imPortant information
text. The lr is also used to
caUtion l; football ls, fr
ml, are shown yellow card as
reminder to h. lt used
s stimulant as well: in umr of
studies, yellow has found to hl
hildr focus on their work and dcl
better at school.

Do agree with the author that coIour has wfl

effect l?
What would you associate the colours gr, white and
k with?
Wht your favourite lr? Do class survey to find
the most popular colour!

hLve

Blue, the lur of the sky d sea, is

associated i many cultures with wtr,
religious objets, and Protection against
evil. lts drkr shades rrst calm,
stabi lty and power. Dark blue, {or
example, is the lr ofthe business
suit r police uniform; it tells others,

'l m in trl,'r'l am trustwrth,'

l is also associated with sadness. lt
mm in English, for ml, when
you are leeling sad or depressed, to Talk
about'feeling blue" while in l, tllue
is the colour of mur g, wr wh
rs dies.
Like pink, u has calminq effect
people, Rooms painted help
people to rl r sleep. Sleeping pills
r often coloured u to suggest
exactly this idea. This colour also
seems lo reduce feelings { hunger,
Blue food is rrl seen in nature,
and when it is. such food is usually
lgr healthy to sum. lt
just mr example of the power
that colour can hold over us.

i
]

! Vlr

Complete th word groups.

athletic betief dssi grs gift peacefuI pretty skinny

1

gr, sadness,

attractive, handsome,
thoughtful, considerate,

4 thought, {eeling,
5

5kill, talent,

lm, stab]e,

fit, healthy,

plump, thin,

comPlete the sentences With these words.

c[assmate colleague enemy flatmate frigr idol S strgr
1

d l have living together fr six months. We get lg rIl weil.

Ufrtutl, tgrs often give in to pressure from thei
lVly

()

in the office can sometimes also good friend.

Jane doesn't like you after you lied to hr Ithink she's become your worst

hate it When thoughtless

misbehaves in class

|'m hr to l!

the guitarist m lMorel . He's super-talented and very l!

7 We can t invite that m to the Party. '5 rlt
8

is

lVr Boyd is ()

who has living in ur tr fr rs.

choose the correct answers.

Whr l'm {eeling u, m friends

remind
rll

always

me that things will get better.

rmm

2 _ is nice, but m can't buy health r happiness.

Luck
Stability
Wealth
3 h comedian was and went ight red wh nobody laughed at his jokes.
embarrassed trtid amused
4 l often ask my rts to me how to do things. h have lots to teach me,
signal
show
highli9ht
5 Fr me, lrig something new is a(n) in itself.
punishment reward
aggresslon
6 h _ l wr say ]ot about my pesonality.
uifrms
objects
clothes
7 Playing baseball has taught m how to work with others to achieve goal.
group
team
class
8 Coffee is the most popular for l working studying. lt helps them stay awake.
dmi stimulant
stability
D

Read the quotes below and explain what th mean. Do you agree with thm?

.
.
.
.

'h l way to make m trustworthy is to trust him.' (r L. Stimson)

'With m in ur pocket u r wise, you r handsome and you sing well t.'(rr)
'Always forgive your enemies; nothing annoys them so much.' (s Wilde)
'The rs who knows how to laugh at himse { will r cease to amused.' (Shirley Maclaine)


Present Simple & Preent Continuous

{',

{}

Discuss which present tense we use wh we talk

about the following situations:

f
9
h
i

9rl truths and scientific fats

ig habits (with always, continually, forever; etc)
actions happening now and temporary situations
habits, td act'ons and rmt Situations
future plans
futu actions based timtd and scheduled
events
narratives (eg story, joke, plot and Sports
commentarieS)
hgig and developing 5ituations in the present
what is hig i itu

4
5
6
7

The th goes round th sun in about 365 days.

,r you visiting r parents at Christmas?

4
5

friend lives in the UK. f_]

h meeting starts at pm tmrrW.

7
8

]0

fI

h and girl in the photo are playing in their

That man is forever trying to control everybody!

garden,

rfl!
stative verbs r not used in continuous tenses. h most
mm stative Verbs refer to emotionS, senses, states of
Tind and possession. However, some verbs both
stative and action verbs, but with different meaning. How
does th meaning of think hg i the sentences below?
scientists think that lur5 affect ur emotions.
The scientists r thinking of ishig til about
their experiment.
Read ?. r-1.3 of the Grammar Rfr pages
before you do the tasks.

61 -1

62

(often / t

h students
(seem) tired at the mmt,

dad
(always / forget) my mum birthday! lt really

iflu) our emotion5?

(colours /

The umr of l studying psychology

these days.
This year l
(focus) on my university studies.

9We

lVly

catch) the ']2 o'clock bus to the city.

(increase)

h town lwas r in is attracting more and mr

tourists these days. f 1

(take)

short in the afternoons to rd Stre55.

s her,

man goes to visit his friend d finds him playing

chess with his cat. !

h ustmr is shouting because she's gr.

This quiz pesonality 'r doing

(sound)
intereSting.

3 _

Match these sentences with use of th present

Simple or the Preent Continuous in .

'l
2

Complete the sentences using th Present

Simple or th Present Continuous of the verbs
in ackets.

(not have)
mtig with the schoo| direclor next week,
l think James
(behave) quite calmly, even though he is under
rSSur at the moment.

D circle

the correct words.

According to m psychologis, r {avourite

colour (1) is showing / shows something about ur
personality. Look at What these colours say about
sm character. (2) Do you 9r / Are you
a9reeing with the conclusio5 they came to?
Black: People who (3) like / r liking k want
everything to ft all the time. (4) Have you /
r you having difficulties with 50mething? Then these
are the l to hl you. They are also good at
finding mistakes and they love puzzles!
Blue: l who like are emotional. These people
do not usually / do usually not trust thr people
very much. h r calm and (6) r't expressing /
(5)

don't express their feeIings.

r you needing / Do you need good
{riend to share your secrets? Then rs who likes
yellow is best. h r also imaginative and like

Yellow:

(7)

helpinq people.

Green: l who like gr r easy-9oing,

understanding and friendly. h (8) often ig /
ig often during arguments. h also like
shopping and owning expensive things.
Red: (9) Do you want / Are you wanting to have fun?
These are th l to go out With. h (10) r /
r being very si and energetic l. h r
also good leaders and like taking risks.

L\st\q

Lirr"n to this dialogue and answer the three questions

below. The answers r shown as pictures. Write , or .

1
2
3

What was the oriqinal ri of the kitchen?

What ri did the wm Suggest for the kitchen?

What ri did they {ill gr on?

L]
]

Lls-U

Read the conversation below and then come up with three

possible questions that could follow this dialogue.

When you r listening

to dial09ue, don'tjUst
focus the la5t thin9
hr. The qUestion miqht
refer to the beginning or
to the middle ofthe
(onversation. Take notes,
if ssr, to help you
remember what you hear.

So did you m9 to find nice jacket at the shops?

Woman: Well. lfound lots { nice jackets, but it took me lg time
to decide which lr to get, First, l wanted u one
because u is m favouite colour. h, l thought l'd
get something brighter, so I chose ik , but finally l
decided this w , which will go with most things
in my wrdr.

.You will hear eight Shft conversations. After h conversation, you will asked question about
What you heard. The answer choices r shown 5 pictures (, and ). Circle the letter of the rrt
answer. You will hr h conversation only .

&

10

!/z

lA

>

q)

Work with Partner and answer these questions.

. what kind of rslit have you got?

.
.

what do you like lst about your slit?

Do you prefer to in big or small groups?

Look at the following words which describe l personalities and match them to the descriptions.

2 artistic
adventurous

t]
I

4 ambitious t ]
5 sporty t]
6 amusing ]

you want to get fit, l rmmd playing lot of sport. l l tennis and baskett,all every day, and l love it. l'd
advise u to do something you think is fun though.
She paints beautiful pictures and takes amazing photo9raphs. Perhaps she should sidr organisin9 h w
exhit,ition at the local commUnity centre.
lf

L'm not r fit really, but l do enjoy hllg. l try to avoid st. friend suggested that l hike through
Pembrokeshire in Wales. I'm 9oing next year and l'm rll excited,

really Wants to succeed in life! h {ist option for him is to go to university and study marketing d economics,
The second option is to get job with good m and work his way up,
rmmdti is that you volunteer at an iml shlt. h always d heLp and they've r got
ugh money to for staff. You'd enjoy it and you'd helping animals in need.
think you shouLd meet my friend Marian, She's th {unniest s l know. She does some stand-up comedy and
hr stories r r]l entertaining. We should 9 d watch h one evening soon,
1

Work in pairs. Student should look at the pictures and

th information below.Student should look at th

cictures below and use the information on 9 190.
Remember to use th Useful Expressions.
.Jse

Ll-U
Wh recommendin9 something to
ur partner, make sUre you do it i
polite Way.What you haveto 5 i5
jU5t ur opinion. Yur partner may
agree or he/she may not.That iS the
natural course of any Sti.

5tudent : Ask these questions to find out

what u partner's lr is and th give

u rtr some good advice,
. What is the prob!em?
. What are the options?
. what r the disadvantages of each option?

fl

Us|l {xpross\oyls
Recommending

think the first/Second option i5

best because,..
lt better to .,. than...
la advise you to ,..
l

-.l

,*._]E'ifiI}n

recommendation/sugge5tion

iscuss this question With partner.

s it ever good idea to lie to friend r should you always tell the truth? wh?,Nh not?
1,|

Vlr

Collocations & Expressions

circle the correct words.

] You can rll save / make time if you take the bus. The tram is so slow!
2 lthink we should ll try to do / make difference helping others.
3 Make sure you keep / lose in touch sending postcards and emails while u'r travelling.
4 good way to ,rk / smash the ice is to tell joke.
5 Try to save / use your strength. You've got long day ahead of you tmrrw.
6 l didn't want to make / get tru for Phil, but l had to tell the teacher he was cheating.
7 You have to tr hard to k / ml< bad habit - it isn't easy.
8 You must always k / save promie that you've made to someone and do what you've said you'll do.
choose the correct answers.
1 lf you see red, you
very gr
very calm
2 Wh you r {eeling blue, you are
hrful
sad r depressed
lf you gr with envy, you r
jealous
suspicious
4 When person is tickled pink about something, they r _.
very pleased
tired
5 h k sheep of the family is the rs who is
unlike the others the 5m as the others
6 l{you saysomeone isas good as gold, you meantheyare
naughty
well-behaved
Prepositions

Complete the sentences with these prepositions. Some

prepositions used more th once.

at in of to
1
2
3
4
5
6
D

with

You rJl shouldn't sht

r mthr.

boss said he has great confidence _

me.
l hope my new diet and daily exercise will have positive

effect
l

m.

don't want to associated

He'S nasty r5.

Gary is getting ggd

they have very little _
__.

Jh more.

._

Lucy even though

mm.

James is old-fashioned. doesn't approve

wm ig their share of the bill,

Discuss these questions with partner.

What makes you see red? What makes you feel ?
Wh did you last feel green with envy? Why?
Wht good way to k the ice wh you meet
sm w?
How important i5 it to make difference in the world? Why?
How do you keep in tuh with ur friends?

12

ils

Read the sentences and drli the articles. Then

answer the questions.

'l
2

Red is colour.
Red is the lr of d.
Which sentence talks about something in grl?
Which sentence talks about something

specific?

Read the sentences and look at which articles (if )

are used with th s in bold. h, answer the
question5.

What are your favourite lrs?

The education l got at school didn't really prepare m
for rl life.
child should grow up in loving family.
The teachers at this school are very surti.
Depression lead to very serious health rms.
famous psychologist hs come up with new
personality test. h psychologist thinks it will help us
udrstd ourselves better.

Which ml shows us

1
2
3
4
5
6

u that has used for the first time and then mentioned 9i with different article?
specific plural noun?
specific ut ?

plural without rtil and used with 9rl meaning?

singular t with 9rl mig?
t u used with 9rl mig?

Grl th correct words to complete the rules.

-re

definite / inde{inite article is used before singular ut s to refer to them in general sense r to mention

:-em for the first time.

-re

definite / indefinite article is used fr singular d plural ut and ut 5 to refer to them in

:cecific sense. lt is also used when something has already mentioned.
Read '1.4-r.5 oftfie Grmmr Rfr 9 'l62 before do the tasks.

circle th correct words.

1
2

4
5
6
7
8
9
10

/ The / university education is 9reat start i life.

/ , / rh British pre{er gr apples to red s.
l knew

that m would d up in the / / - prison

one day.
l friend works aS the / / - Scientist.

Relaxing for / / the hour in green room help

you rl.

These sentences h contain mistak.

Find the mistakes and then write the correct
sentences in r notebook.

1
2
3
4

This is very good advice,

Today is very hot day.

l'm tired, so lthink lwill go to the bed.

Some l don't have the eakfast in the

mornings.

Wearing the / / - red clothes makes you stand out in

crowd.

5 The maths is my favourite sub.iect at school.

6

Gobi Desert is i Asia.

She has / the / - special place in hr house where

she relaxes.

[V]ount

Nowadays, rl ll the / / l have got

computer at hm.
Paint your kitchen yellow to is / / the
appetite { your family.

olympuS

iS

highest mountain i Gr.

to go to an university i London next r.

9 The Chinese is very difficult lgu9.
8

l Want

10 Nile

is

the longest river in fri.

We Went to that W restaurant and the / / - dir

we had was great.

vtlrrfi11

Using colourful idioms & phrasal verbs

Wh you write informal letter to someone, s
few lur{l idioms d phrasal verbs to make r
writing sound mr turl, mr informal and mr
interesting. When you learn new idioms and hrsl
verbs, make sur you make note of the structure
that follows them, so that you use them rrl.
Fr example, check to see i{ they r followed
u, an in{initive, gerund preposition.

th the idioms and phrasal verbs with their meanings.

1
2

4
5
6
7
8

get well with

have loads i mm with
get on somebody's nerves
into

trl at

hg out with
sm um,r

look forward to something hig

h the same tastes and interests

I
J

extremely good at

spend leisure time with

rll like, fan {

have 9ood elationship with
someone's favourite rs r thing
I annoy 5omeone

t]
t]

dying tolfor

t]

d the writing task and answer the questions below.

Your glish thr at schoo/ has rrgd /s for // the students i
ur c/ass, 5 that you can r ctise writing i
gllsh. write /etter to your w l introducing yourself d ur family d talking about the ihings you /ikei
1 What kind of task do you have to write?

2
3
4
5

How many things r you asked to ild in u letter?

What r they?

What details could you give about yourself and ur {amily?

What things would l interested i knowingthatyou like?

Complete the model letter with , i, with, to r into.

Hi Nuri,
teacl]er gave m r profile,
How ale yo!r? I'm Lyndsay youl new penpal, English

Guesswhat?We'vegotloads(1).-common.For.astalt,WeWeIebornonthesareday-l7th
older sisters! h r great in_general, but
octobel! ISnt that a-""i"gi arr" " rike I've got two
Sometimes We get ( 2)
Do you get on well (3)

'

'-_

each oiher's nerves

- esPecially

When We 'borrow' each others' clothes!

yours?

Mymumanddadarecool'Dadgotaclothesshopwhichsellsallthelatestfashions.Mumalawyel,Soshe
s veTy busy, What do yotrr parents do?

ThethingsthatIlikedoingmostaregymnasticsandlisteningtomusic.ldogymnasticsthleetimesaweek
fol
at the district championship this , AS
u
and I train ll h,.rd, rrr*'ii;;; i .l'il hoping to -in -edil
Justin BeibeL Are you fan?

musi, I'm really (4)

Well, that's all for the moment, Write Soon, I'm dying
Take care,

Lyndsay
14

--

(5)

firrd t mr about you!

ck again

Read the model letter again and tick the things the Writer
has done.

1
2

4
5
5

explained who sh is
written about similarities between hr and Nuria
given infomation about hr immediate family

mentioned l thing she likes

writt i hrful t

included addesses

t]

J
l_
f

iVrite the correct paragraph number frm the model letter

,]ext to theSe descriptions.

Discuss the things you

like.

Talk about the things you have in common with th rdr.

Ask about the reader and introduce yourself

family.
d sign off.

ifl.

k about thr members of your

ig the letter to end

]
]

Look at the Useful Expressions and complete these questions.

Sometimes more th answer is possible.
2

rock or music?
the thr kids in your class?

in mutr gs?

4
5

band of all time?

lVhat does u mum do

at drawing?

|1g !

What is u thr

are you taking this r?

1

, r to youI
--: Read the writing
task and make rgrh l for ur letter.
Remember to include some colourful idioms and some phrasal
verbs to make your letter more {riendly and interesting.
'/r English teacher at
schoo/ has rrgd penpa/s fr // the students

- your c/ass so that u

rtii writing i English, write letter
: Ur W penpal itrduig rslf, your friends d te!!ing
ur
l about r favourite schoo/ sutryects- (12-l8 words)

Lloso-|)p
When you Wrjte lelter to penpal,
you should show inteest in him or
her kig few questions. 'hpse
qUestions sound m natural ifyou
putthem atthe end of description
of ur own. Fr example, if you write
t Ur parents, you ask about
u penpal's parents immediately

i.

afterwardb,

US|l {xpress\os
Asking generally about the reader
HoW ?

What have you up to lately?

HOWarethingsin...?

A5king about family and friends

What are your brothers/sisters/mum and dad/best friends like?
How m people there in Ur family?
Wht it like bejn9 l child?
Where does your best friend live?
Do you get on Well With ...?
Have you got lot in mm With ...?
How old islare...?
HoW long have you best friends?
What does ... do fr living?
What iS ... job?

Asking about likes/dislikes

Are you fan of ...?

Are you into .,.?

Areyou interested in .,.?

What qets yoUr r5?

Wht Ur number ..,?

Asking about school

Wh yoUr favoUrite teacher?

Wht Ur best/favoUrite 5ubject?
Which subjects r taking thi5 r?
r U qood/a natural at ..,?

,l5

Before you watch

Match th words to the meanlngs.

1
2

outback
Aboriginal
civilisation
image

5 rtil L]
6 deterioration I l

pictu r

mig worse

cold-blooded animal that lays eggs (snake, crocodile, turtle, etc)

d

area of Australia, fr away frm the coast and towns, especially the dsts in central Australia

the way of life and culture of society from particular rt of the wrld
t relating to the first l of Australia

While you watch

watch the DvD and decide if thes statements are true or false. write for true and F for false.

1
2

4
5
6

lot of Dreamtime paintings at Kakadu National Park r r 0,000 rs old.

l lV]orris thinks that Aboriginal paintin9s r similar to ancient rock paintinqs frm other continents.
The Aborigines have lived i the land we now call Australia for between 40,000 and 100,00 years.

Ancient Aboriginal rt describes everyday life, tells stories about anima{s and sometimes about wars.
lf Aboriginal gr painted kangaroos, they also painted tutles d birds.
hr haven't been Aboriginal rock artists since the 1960s.

After you watch

Complete the summary ofthe DVD below using these words.

k due human tandscape Loss mmris igit rapidty rrds

specific

strli is very Jarge country with varied

(1)
lt has rainforests, the outback dst d the
seaside. Australia has also got r lg history that goes back to
ancient l, h lived there m thousands of years 9 and sti{l live
there w. l fact, they are the oldest continuous (2') _
ltur Earth. They r the Aborigines { Australia. Long f thr
Wr towns in Australia, Aboriginal atists painted the Dreamtime, the
trrigil story of the beginning of the world. The ancient Aboriginal
artists thought that thir paintings had special powers. lf they wanted to
catch lot of fish, they painted lot of fish. They also had special ruls. Fr
example, they painted certain types { pictures at (3)
times of the year. Today, many of the (4)
rock paintinqs
are losing thir lur. This is (5)
to bad weather as
well as insects and reptiles walking over them. Naturalists Iike lan lVorris r
trying to {ight these agents of deterioration in rdr to prevent the
(6)
of these wonderful paintings. They r the oldest art
(7)
of hum civilisation in the world and thev must
protected. Hopefully, these paintings will hl save the
(8)
of the ancient world of the Aborigines in mdr
(9)
worJd that is
changing. lVodern rigil artists are
also trying to help keep their traditions painting pictures on (10)
Contemporary Aboriginal t is gettin9 mr and mr famous, and r expensive.

16

r and wood.

Discuss these questions With partner.

.
.
.

Aboriginal rt is tradition in Australia. What r some ofthe traditional types of t in ur country?

Are traditional arts in dgr of disappearing? What r the rmsth might{ace i th futr?
which ancient civilisation would you like to find out more t? Explain why.

tr

article, mis5ing 5entences

mystery-reIated words, hrs| verbs, wrd formation
past simple, past continuous, used to, would, used to &get used to
multiple-choice questions
taIking about mysteries, decision making, persuading & convincing
story, using adiectives and adverbs

trum

h places and things below are all associated

with mysteries. What do you know about them?

.
.
.

the LoSt city { Atlantis

the Bermuda Triangle
the Easter lsland statues

.
.

the Nazca Lines

Stonehenge

Quickly read the text about the and

match the descriptions - with each of the
paragraphs 1-5.

Look at theories about th l i detaiJ, ]

wi researched
in the future.

Say why the mystery of th

Look at thr about what hd in

in detail.

i.ir'fo|esi:

forest i til

r whr thr is lot of rj

fl

ltrdu the lVaya, thir hlitt and thir

disappearance.
Talk about different theories that rh ogists
have about what happened to the , ]

Yfu s& #

i,! rti
|)lt. eri.:.] r|s: people who
have liig i Nth d
Suth mi si well
fr u5 rid
\,,

e,|1-iilt|ae: to surrud
enclose samething
|,\,:i,e a,,!i:

d9tr smthig

completely

t,, :,- -:r::. !,l'::! : hig too

mq people f the amount
food d 5 available

of

:.:':lll:: lrg um of

people suffrigfrm the 5m

diseqse qt the same time

hF dm

cuy cugl;ottd

lost Wor d lies hidden deep Within the ]Ilst! of central

I':fr,it

{iffffi

:.]";::,liti;;il

America. HUndredS of citieS and town5 Stand mg the trS.

These Used to home to millions of |.,]ai r,le Attle icaitl kw
as the , who lived in the Central mri jungle for
rirtl ,000 rs, h built irdi civiLisation
which was at its peak for about 750 years, Fr m of the

i:::-::::+:++!i,:::,:|,":::?;'#:"
proud temp es d palaces, which r now in ruins.

So What happened to these people? hir disappearance

is considered of the biggest mySterieS in archaeology.
Did they d their beautiful cities, did 5m disaste
,,,! ] them oLt?
Fr decades, archaeologists have trying
to discover what happened, and there i5 5till grmt.
Theories rg frm the invasion of foreign fs and
migration to disease and the collapse of ,,,i-] ated
Society.2
otherS think that ili caused
thousands of deaths, New evidence has rtl
ought to light inveStigation into the l5 of mud
at the bottom of ake i the region, ThiS Suggests that
lg La5ting drght was important factor in their
disappearance. However, there are so m possibilities that
m r5rhrS W believe that it Wa5 cornbination of
two r mr of these things that caused the downfa

mi some of the theorieS about What hd to

the lvlaya, l Went to tl Ame[ica. l viSited cities
and talked to the archaeo]ogiStS Who Were studying them.
r hot day, l Stood rirk r the rui5 of
Cancuen, which was thriving c;ty, Thousands of

,l-U
-:,,l

u do missing sentences taSk, u should

:. ior ]lnking words and phrasesthattthe
j; "g Sentences With the sentences that come before
, - : :fter the
9. These might determiners like
i-.: lal pronouns, the words this and th40 expre55ion5
: r add Somethin9 to What has jUSt said; or
. , :-:S5ionS that 5hoW contra5t, agreement r sequence.

=ive sentences h removed {rom the text.

choose from the sentences -F th one which fits
h gap (1-5). There is extra sentence which you
not need to use.

hr just wasn't enough food fr th residents.

t was decorated with red tiles and had held
drinking water f th city,

Get the meaning

Complete the sentences with these verbs in

the correct form.
d boast rig ftee Sff Weaken

1
2

4
5
6

bad diet will

seriously

h robbers
escape the police,

to the mountains to

Did the archaeologist

evidence to light?

m
villagers

h king's
h

into the forest.

h castle
ten bathrooms.

your b,ody,

w
de{eat in batt|e.

their homes and r

sixteen bedrooms and

ir example, some think natura disaster like an

earthquake r volcanic eruption occurred.
Today the lVaya's cities are empty.
This drought and wrfr rl shook the peopJe's
faith in their king,

During my visit, it rti] captured mine.

ar

5.
W

]tion
:

.l

- : live there and rih people frm other cities would go thr
-: idays. But that ll changed ],2
15 ago. Archaeologists
. :,lat invaders m suddenly,
rl . They m
: : tt ed With soldiers the rir fr heading into the city
:--:-:, followed the path they would have taken and came across
- Jz,lg
next to thp ruirs ofa lrg pool.
Ther,
-. ,- tomb. The invacers killec the city's leade:s
jnd threw
: , dis into the Water. The invasion must have quick and
. '],ing. The city'S People wr l So Scared that they fled
: :re rainforest.

.:-it

,g

]at

different story in another place that l viSited, the great

, iikl. About 55, people |ived thr , and the city

r
:.

:.ied roughly ,000 mjr buildings. Tikal remained lively

:, 'r decades after u fell, but tll it was al50
,::-Coned, Why? Archaeologists think the city suffered drought
:: nade it hard to grW r, 5, squash d the other foods
- :,] Were important i the diet of the . Wrfr m also
, ,: weakened the Sociely 5 the people of Tikal battled With
. ."lurig cities. 4
The thought of their rulers as
. -;, Wh the king couldn't bring ri or victory, though, people
- : , have Stopped listening to him, d their mmuit then fell
-aIever the us ol the Maya's disappearance, their downfall
continue to capture people's imagination for m 15 to
- : -. 5
While l was wdrig mg the pyramids and
:.rp eS at Tikai, l imagined the l livingihere in the city's ast
::, j, l could picture them hugr, tired d Scared, fleeing from
- eir homes.
Like the in m places in the rainforests of
::trl mri, they left behind great city and great mystery.
',

Can you think of mysteries in ur tr? What

are they?
Why are l so fascinated mysteries?

1,1Vlr

Match these words 1-8 with their definitions a-h.

1 urr
2 hm
hoax

4 clue
tJ

5
6
7
8

illusion
report
tomb
detective

f
g
h

something We See that Seems to rl but actually isn't

something that helps you to solve mystery

something made of stone where dead body is placed

something that happens
news story about something that has happened

fact r event in nature r society, usually one not fully understood

person who solves mysteries or crimes

trick someone uses to fool others

Complete the sentences using both words.

cave

cemetery disr
Experts r still confused the
of the body from gr in the

odd

it Native mri
that the

hr's light 5hining

house.

trik

Don't let the

Yur

about the civilisation

are good ones, but you have to support them With

5omething more th

evidence archaeoto9ist

magician

fool you;

wh h cuts the lady in the in half, it's l

Says

is haunted spirits.

theorieS mhs

abandoned

ht
i th window of that old

legend

Does the

have rl
that the Egyptian pyramids
were built creatures frm outer space?

Complete the text With these words.

a[iens incidences investigated mysterious

practicat jokes r5hrS solved witnesses

of h's little mysteries

We all know that the th can () (1)
l
at times. ll r the world, Strange things h and often experts
cannot explain why or how they occur. Take r circles for example.
Although some people trelieve that these circles are created
(2,
most ()
feel
that thr is something mr 'rth' about the circles' creators,
l most (4)
they believe that it is humans
(5)
that
are rsi fr the
li9
t
men
travelling
i
UFs.
ttrS,
9r
ln case that experts (6)
it was discovered
that two m from Southampton, England had designed the 12-mtr
circle whih sudden|y appeared in ll {armer's field day. When
questioned police, they denied being involved, but several
(7l
came forward d that particular crop
circle mystery was quickly (8)

Do you agree with these statements? Compare r answers with r.

.
.
.
.

lv]ost izrr hm can explained scientific evidence.

l who l practicaljokes and waste the time of the mrg services should punished.

There have breen incidences of aliens visiting our planet.

Researchers shouldn't waste their time investigating reports of ghosts and spirits.

Past Simple

Match each sentence with use { the

Past 5iml.

]
2

We watched documentary the Pyramids

and Wrote report about it. I
James woke up at fur o'clock every

mrig.

Agatha christie Wrt over 80 detective

stories i hr lifetime. ;_.,]

We can use the Past Simple for

Say5
ritS.

action or situation which started d

finished in the past.
actions which happened a{ter the other

past routines and habits.

in the past,

past continuous

;ation

past continuous.

While the policeman was collecting the

evidence, rrtr arrived to ask some
questions. f_l J
l was reading about th crop circles while my
thr was watching DVD. !

The detective Was investigating the crime

scene at ten o'clock this morning. f l

The amazing Coral Castle in Flid was the creation of very

lr m named dwrd Leedskalnin. Leedskalnin
(1)
(immigrate) to mri in the
early twentieth century and (2)
(spend) most of hjs life buildin9 Coral Castle. build the
castle, h ()
(move) huge stone
ks all himself. How he did this is mystery because h
(4)
(not allow) to watch
while h (5)
(work).

one of Leedskalnin'S most Stlr creations

we use the past continuous for

Complete the text with the correct form of the Past

Simple or the Past Continuous of the verbs i ackets.

rl castle

Match each sentence with one use of the

action that Was in progress at specific

time in the past.
two r mr actions that Were in progress at
the same time in the past.
an action that Was i progress in the past that
Was interrupted another action.

careful!
Rmmr that we don't u5 stative verbs in
:ontinUous tenSes.

WaS nine-

t revolving door. h door was so well-balanced that it

(6)
() with the push { finger.
Not,ody could understand how this wkd until the door
(7)
(k) in '1986. While engineers
(8)
(repair) it, they found that
Leedskalnin had put t of truck called rig in the
tr. The girs (9)
(replace)
the bearin9, but the door lgr opens as easily as it did
orig in ll.

Read 2,1-2.2 ol the Grrmr Rfr page

16 before you do th tasks.

l December '195], Leedskalnin (10)

(realise) that he (1 1)

(suffer) from
illness and he put notice the gate of Coral Castle which
said'Going to the hospital'. Unfortunately, he
(12,
(die)there thr days later, b,ut
n::

::-. :*

. in

his creation. which touris still visit.

Complete th sentences With the correct form of the Past Simple or the Past continuous of the verbs in brackets.
the archaeologi5t5
some gold colns? (excavate, find)
2

The children

th site when they

what the historian

to south mri last month, ut

(t Understand, Say)

the opportunity to See the

Nazca Lines. (trl, t have)

the famous writer mysteriously

his latest novel? (disappear, finish)

5lt

wh the bizarre accident

before he
(rain, h)
21

t-i*tc

\tr

Match the words to the meanings.

] mystery t ]
2 disappearance I l
3 evidence t4 th
L]
5 lusi

facts r objects which make you think something is true

something we don't fully know or understand
decision about something after having taken into account l{acts

idea you have that tries to li something

the act of leaving srtl r without explanation

[-lirt"n

to these speakers and decide whether the sentences

below are tr or false. Write (true) or F (false).

1
2

happened.

h scientist thr was rrt,

h rts know what hd in this case. fl
h woman knows fr rti what

We know what happened to the two

m.

Lloso-Up
The answers r i the 5ame order 5 the questions.
lf you can't answer qUestion, leave jt 5 that
u don't
mi55 the information f the next qUestion5. Then go
back and try to 5Wr the question(s) miSsed.
Never leave question unanswered and if you need to,
jU5t 9Uess.

('

i
.

You will heara radio interview about mystery

on Mount Everest. Fr questions

answer (, or ).

!'

'l

-6 choose the best

Mallory d lri made the climb up Everest in

1924,
1929.
195-

We know that Mallory and lrvine

climbed at least 8,000 mtrs st.
reached the summit of Everest.

were on the way back down when they died.

Some peopIe think llr reached the summit because

they found photos ofthe summit his body.
his wife's photo was found at the summit.
his wif photo was not his body.

The discovery of Ma1lory's goggles

tells us that it must h dk when h died.
tells us what the weather must have like when h died.
doesn't te]l us ugh to solve the mystery.

Matt Steve'ls thinks lr and l.vine

de{initely reached the summit.

ri rhd the summit.
r,l didn't rh the summit.

N.4att

22

thinks that MaiJory r felJ because

his body had rope attached to it.

his body was covered i snow,
his mr was found with his body.

l 1999 an lh in th Himalayas
killed climber Alex LoWe, Pictu.ed
above in Antarctica, and badly hu*
conrad kr, the dirr of

llry's body.

Spe k\1

Work with rtr and answer these questions.

.
.
.

Wh you think of mysteries, what comes to mind?

Do you like mysteries? Why?/Why not?
What is your favourite mystery l. film r TV rgrmm? Why do you like it?

Read the sentences below and decide which you would use to agree (),
disagree (D) or partly agree () with ii.

[acts

]
2

4
5
6
7

right.

true.
How you say that?

ht exactly what lthink.

l agree with you up to point,

l'm afraid l don't agree.

l9r entirely.

You're absolutely
l

don't think that's entirely

Don't.just give one-Word answers; li

and justify your answer 5 thi5 Will make your
conversation more natural, lf your partner
doesn't h mh to say, try to get feedback
from him or her to see if he or she agrees or
disagrees With What you are saying.

lmagine that you and your friends want to solve mystery. Sm keeps spraying graffiti on the
outside of your school at night and you want to find out who it is without being seen. First, talk together
about the different items you can use to so|ve th mystery. h, decide which two objects would the
most useful. Remember to use the Useful Expressions,

,,_

Discuss these questions with partner.

. Why do you think people r interested in mysteries?
. What qualities does good detective need?
. ls good mystery where you 't predict th ending?

.
.

Lls-U

Wh?r'r/h not?

How r mystery books different {rm history books?

lf wr to write mystery novei, what would it about?

fl {rss\s
Persuading and convincing

But don't think that ... is rll good idea?

Surely, using ... Won't makethat mh ofa difference.
... is good idea. isnt it?
|'m sure youa agree that ... Would hl solve the mystery.

phrasal verbs

Match th hrsl verbs to their meanings.

1
2

take

believe

out
into
to
in

make
]ook
stick

in [

make certain sound

examine facts and ifmti
l talk lut subl'ect
m9 to See 5omething
trik, deceive
sur that somethinq exists

Complete the Sentences With the correct form of the phrasal verbs from .

lt WaS So dark in the rr that l

carrie
Do you
lwasn't

Il

6 The

ld't

where hig was.

loud scream when she thought she saw the yeti|
UFOs? l certainly do because l've seen onel

his pretending to ghost.

m exactly what happened and please try to

the facts.
th case, but h couldn't find any clues to help him.

detective

word formation

complete the text with the correct form of th words.

lt's riig {at and fr

When it

iS

urig with ri, we often sar'it's raining cats and

dogs'which sounds totally

(1)

sometimes it's not too far frm the truthI

, but

(2)

rain is very bizarre hm,

but it's reported from all corners of the l. scientists
h come up with some interesting ()
f the Strange rain, but haven't ] to
r of them
5 far. Let'S have look at few of the Stran9e5t rrs.
ln 191, the citizens of Nafpiio in G Woke to
(4)
sight. Hundreds of small g
frogs were falling frm the sky! hr was thr strange
(5)
that added to the mystery.
h frogs were not ones usually found i Greece. They were
native to North fri! (6)
, town
in sthr Tasmania experienced Something rthr strg
night in 1996. After thudStrm, the l of the town found
everything outside covered in (7)
White
substance. Scienti5ts quickly came to the (8)
that it had been riig fish eggs r jelJyfish!
Reports of Strange ri don't always involve animals though. l 1857,
i Lake County, California, the (9)
had
Sweet treat] Fr two nights i rw, it rid suqar crystals!
h locals made the best of the (1)
making syrup from the sugr!

24

RlDlcULE
U5UAL

ExPLAlN

REMARK

DlScoVER
slMlLAR

sTlcK
coNcLUDE
RES|DE

5lTUATE

Do you agree with these Statements? Discuss With

Partner.

.
.
.

l don't believe in ghosts! They just don't eist.

hr must logical lti {r.r mst. We just haven'tfound them all yet.
Scientists shouldn't Waste their time |ooking into strang" pb"no."n",

", i}
(}

Used to, Would, used to & Get used to

Look at the sentences and swr the questions below.

dad used to archaeologist when he lived

in Egypt.
Brian would read mystery novels when he was on holiday.
h detective is used to investigating mysleries,
h new police officer is getting used to his duties.

Complete the rule with ued to or would.

can used to talk about

states r repeated actions in the past, but
only used to talk
about repeated actions in the past. lt can't
used to talk about states.

Complete the rules with used to or get

used to.

which sentence re{ers to

1
2

something that is usual or familiar?

action in the past?
state i th past?

the process of something becoming familiar?

We use

to talk about actions

or states that are becoming familiar to us. We

use

to talk about actions or

states that are usual or familiar.

Read 2,-2,4 of the Grmmr Rfr
page 16 before you do the tasks,

Tick the correct sentences and rrt the wrong ones in your notebooks.

1
2

4
5
6

time,

l didn't used to attention when my grt-ut told me about hr adventures.

Michael wouldn't ]ike reading about unexplained mysteries when he was teenager. !
l\4

neighbour used to disappear fr days at

?
Would they live i that haunted hus fr moving to r street?
l would to look into every 5tr9 urr that she heard about.
Did your dad use to watch Dr

lulh

wh he was young

choose the correct answers.

lt was difficult, but l slowly got

l]

to Work
history
WaS

teacher

getting Used to

used in the su at archaeological sites.

to working
working

go on and about the lVlayan civilization,

was used to

would

Wr answering questions about the exhibits when you worked at the museum?
you used to
you get used to
you u5 to
4 | rhlg before l became teacher
used to studying
used to study
use to study
5 John hearing about amazing places because his fth is lrr,
is used to
would
used to
6 _ live in Cairo when you were doing your research?
Did you get used to
Did you use to
Would

Complete the second sentences so they have similar meaning to the

first sentences. use th words in bold.

2
3
4
5

Tom used to read thig about the rmud niangie. would

thig about the Bermuda Triangle.

Tom

h children quickly adjusted to their new school. got

h children quickly

their w school.

J is worried that she won't able to adapt to the Peruvian lifestyle. used
Jenny is worried that she won't

the Peruvian li{estyle,

At first it was difficult to s the lnternet to find information, but now it muh easier m
Now,

the lnternet to find information.

Would your lecturer ls the possible reasons for the disappearance of the dinosaur? to
Did your lecturer
the dinosaur?

l5 the ssi rss fr the disappearance [

25

Using adjectives and adverbs

lmprove ur stories using descriptive adjectives and
drs of time, place, mr and degree. They help
the reader to build up lr picture of the l,
places and events in the story, as well as to add drm d
5uspense. Remember:
. when we U5 two or mr adjective together, they
usually come in this rdr: opinion, size, 9, shape,
colour, origin, material.
. wh we use ad,jectives ending in -edwe describe how
5m is affected something, whereas adjectives
dig in -ig dsi how someone r something
affects thr5.
. when we use m th adverb in sentence, they
usually come i this rdr: m1 l, time. BUt When
thr is r of movement (eg go, ru, walk)they come
in this order: l, mr. time,

circle the correct words.

1
2

4
5
6

r outside qulckly / qrric< outside.

lt had the most thri ling / thiIld day of their lives.
She wrapped the present USin9 lg rd s] k / si < d g ri.
They sat opposite silentJy / sil,^ntly opposite th odd statue.
lnside the was () unusual 9 meta ic / rg L]nUSa meta lic toy.
Everyone was mrrssig / embarrassed Wh the Story Was leaked to the
rss.

Read tbe writing task below and underline the key words. what will you write? who will the
main character?

write story which begins with this sentence:

/t

was th scariest thing 5h had r seen.

Read the model story and complete it with these adjectives and adverbs.

flt ti enthusiasticalty gr ust 5uddenty Weird young

lt Was the Scariest thing she had r Seen, As htgrhr, Jodie was used to seeing (1)
and wonderful things, but she had seen anything like this.

She was working tory about mysteries and had hrd that local forest was haunted, r colleague Rt was
keen to go there and he (2)
agreed to camp thr with hr. But after camping out
fr thr nights, they had s nothing trrdir.
h, at midnight the last night, moving green liqhts ()
appeared mg th
trees. Jodie took out hr mr and Started taking photos. She didn't know what the lights were. but they looked
r Strange. 'l have to get them film,' she thought,
When Jodie rrid hm, she headed fr th dark rm. She hug up the {ist photo (4)
d stared at it i astonishment, Bright (5)
lights formed irl round the trees.
But the most izrr thing was the (6)
who stood in the middle. Jodie was
he hadn't there,
17'

Pickin9 up the h, She tried to Stop herselffrom trmig. 'He-hello, Robert,'she stammered
'l think you'd better m r hr riqht now,'
--

(8)

26

-:k again

iead the model story again and answer these questions.

- ,Vhat was the sr thing that Jodie saw?

2 ) we find this out immediately after the first sentence?
:
was she when she saw the thing that scared her?
"/hr
: "low
does Jodie feel about what she saw?

do you think sh wants Robert to go to r house?

""/h

"jit

the correct rgrh number from the model story next to these descriptions.

rig the story to end.

sri the background to the story.
sri the scary thing in detail.
,td an event that adds Suspense to the story,
STart with the sentence given and introduce the main hrtr.

t]

l]

-cok at the Useful Expressions and circ|e the correct answers.

'

it

s this rl or is
?
optica illusion

stared at him i

mystery

out of the

disbelie{

ordinary

sight

ili

eerie

thrilling

true

curious

can't understand this. lt's abrsolutely

odd

rll

uusul

this ri.

chilled

h story is strange, but

mysterious

izrr

Lloso-Up
Wh you have finished writing
r story. read through it to
check that it reads well. use this
check list to help you:

1
2

HaS the Story got breginning,

middle and end?
DoeS the sentence given make
5en5e in relation to the rest of
the Story?

r the paragraphs lrl

organised?

4 Have l used rrti tenses?

5 Does the story include
interesting details?
l edited spelling and
grammar mistakes?

,r to !
Read th writing task below and make rgrh l for your story. Remember to include adjectives
d adverbs to add suspense and to helP the reader build up clear picture.
te story which begins with this sentence: As soon as they opened the dooL they knew something Was Wrg.
-20-180
words)

,', -

-*
Us|l {rs;\ls
De5cribing mysterie5
. oUt ofthe ordinary/Unu5Ual
zarre/stran9e/etraordinary sight/sound
a U

rlus

rie

'Sitig
,r
aStonishment/disbelief

lcredible

nexplicable

,ay5teriou5
.nyStery

dd
cpt]cal illUSion
cut ofthis world
;tr9, but trU
strange hm/urr

thrilling/thrilled
Lveird d wonderful

Before you watch

How mh do you know about some of the famous mysteries of th world?

Complete the sentences using these words.

Bigfoot Devit's Nessie

1

2 h

Yeti

is an affectionate nickname given to the Loch Ness Monster.

rigl is the m some l give to the Bermuda Trianqle.

The ,mil Snowman/ or
is said to live i the iml region.
4 Has anybody r really photographed Sasquatch, otherwise known as

While you watch

-.

Watch th DvD gi and circle the words you hr.

1
2
3
4
5
6

:?

The b,est l to See thiS my'tery iS at the viewing / wthig Site. just east of Marfa.
What do the lights look like? Well, it changes / depends who you talk to.
The r and disappearance / vanishing of the Jights was seen pi{ots flying hr.

'We discovered these mjstake / h off in the distance, close to the ground.'

But who explain whr the lights come from? Whr are they actually located / Situated?
lf the mystery is unansweed, people will keep srhig / investigating.

After watch

complete the summary of the DvD below using these words.

divide head off investigate hm rf rh reported

The hihuhu Desert i west Texas is th |arqest desert in North mri.

witrs are cool and summers r extremely hot. This r is also home to
mysterious (1)
called th'Marfa Lights'. These r
b,right lights that appear suddenly in the night Sky and then, jUSt 5 qUickly,

they

(2)
into the distance disappear. SomeLimes
they ()
into mr th two lights. They r in the
same (4)
of the desert - r town called Marfa. The
lights sometimes get close to people's houses. one woman who lived
remote (5)
_
tells the story of wht she rid
one night. She got in bed and suddenly she saw the lights (6)
through hr bredroom window. She
watched them hg lur for few minutes. Eventually they went away, Apparently, pilots who used to train in
th
desert in the 1940s also (7)
that they Used to See these mysterious lights.

Wht causes the lights? Fritz hl, who was one of those pilots, thinks he has () (8)
to this
qUestion. believes that the lights are natural Urr and that they exist ll r the world.
Howeve1 as lg
as the Marfa mystery remains unanswered, l will continue to (9)
the lights to find out wh
they m from and how lg they have existed, l Want (1)
not opinions and theories.
whatever these lights rll r, they are as mysterious today as when they first appeared and it is doufu]
that the
mystery behind them will r solved.

--

Discuss these questions with partner.

.
.
.

what else do you know about the mysteries mtid i ?

Would you like to visit l whr {amous mystery exists? Why?/Why not?
r there famous mysteries in Ur country?

Unitsl & 2

Vlr

complete the sentences with both words.

mrrssd amused
about r r. You look fine.
? l don't think it's at ll funny.

Don't feel
Why r you so

rmrk[ 9rS
Neil Armstrong's achievement was absolutely

Dad is both kind d

beLief leqend

with others,
that everyone needs {ids.

lt iS my

Have you hrd the

of the ghost rider?

ridicUlou5 99rssi
please calm down. y shouldn't so

lt's absolutely
exp[anation illusion

know it looks like pool of water. but it l

to believe that the house is hutd.

lf

for this mystery, l'd like to know what it is.

there is an

Complete th text using these words.

[ disappearances evidence hoax rsrhrs witnesss

_-:.:hveeenmnysesofstrnge)-intheworld.utoneoftheStrn9est
j:-::seofDvidLng.heStor9oe5thton23rdSeptemer188O,whilewlkingthroughfieldin
David Lang disappeared i
:- -ss r his hm and being watched several (2)
._r.Step.iswifendtheotherSpreSentrantoSeewhthdhppenedtohim,utthedidn,tfindeven
:

.-

-: .) __
-: -..ci whr

to help them solve the mystery. Lang had simply vanished. Some time ltr,
Lang had disappeared was marked irl of yellowed grass almost five metres across.
. -- ^9 ever grw th, again,

, :h case of David Lang has become well-known, most (4)

who have studied i
-- : :.se believe that it i5 () (5) _.
h point out that, despite lengthy investigations, i
6)
has found that Lang even existed. believe that the story was made
:_. julist i the '1880s. lt could that the truth of the matter will r known.
.

-,

:h

Complete the table with break, keep, make and s.

:-

plom]se ,

in

touch

d|ff9l9nc,e
9

tru

1h9biJ
the ice

r strength
time

irt the correct words.

']
2

4
5
6

ThiS iS real mystery. We have to loQk into / Stick to it.

Don't u rlis he's letting you out / takin9 you in with his silly stories?
u mal<e out / believe i that strange house ahead?
Do you approve { / on ur rthr behaviour?
Don't wrry. l have plenty of confidence i / at you,
l've got nothing / in mm with you.

29

Units 1&

(rr

complete the sentences with the present simple or the present continuous of th verbs in brackets,

1l

(l) tennis three times week.

Mum. why

you frr

(shout) at me?
(brelieve) in the Loch Ness Monster?

4
5

(9) on the mystery tur tomorrow.

h meeting

Grandma

(not ) at 9 am today.

(come)to visit a9ain on Sunday?

l this picture, the

__

Li9 ht

(travel) at almost 00,000 km per second.

Complete the sentences with , an, tbe or

(not cry).

-.

1 ls _
girl next door very pretty?
2 hr
one over thr?
-_ free table hr. r sha]l we sit at
ls __
physics
_ only sutrject u ever found difficult?
4 l want to buy
m,rll and other things, but l l have
hour to shop.
5 Nowadays,
hiJdr mostly do thir homework on computers.
6 lenjoy learning - ,English, but l don't like
Grm language.
7 ls ll
British citizen r is she frm _
Canada?
8 'ls thr
im r r?' 'Yes,
- is across the road.'
Rex Cinema
_

Tick the sentences whih are rrt and rrt the wrong ones.

m cooked lh, put it on the t and went to sleep,

l was talking on the h while Julie was being i bed.

lwould like the colour rd when lwas young.

Jason is used to wearjeans when he was at universi.

was wearing my rd dress only twice last r.

can't get used to living in this spooky hUS.

D circle

'l
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
30

the correct words.

lt started / was starting raining frogs while l was walking.

You r't used / use to studying in lir.

Napoleon died / was dying mysteriously in '182'i.

Detectives got used to / r used to solving mysteries these days.
l didn't use to 9 / wasn't going fishing last r.
Would your cousin visit / visiting u often when u lived in Yorkshire?
h wou

ove / loved swimming i the lake when they were u9.

Did / r you s to live in cottaqe?

article, multiple matching

health- & fitness-related words, prepositions, coIlocations & expressions
present perfect simpIe & present perfect continuous, for, since, Ialely,
already, yet & stiII, countable & uutl nouns, quantifiers
note-taking
talking about stress, comparing photographs, sequencing ideas
article, giving advice

Rd\

How much do you know about long life? Do th quiz

and find out| Your teacher will tel| you the answers.

What is thr word for'long life'?

longing
longevity
longitude
How lg did the world's oldest person live?
122 years

112 rs
1

17 years

Which countries have the brest diets for long life?

China, USA, Grm
Japan, Gr, ltaly
d, rzil, Fr

t r

ch

do you think contributes to long life?

Make list. You h one miut!

if t

: th

ngth

dementio: 5ris illness

of the mid, esPecially i ld
peopIe

Kead the text quickly. ln whih places do people

eat lot of locally-grown food?

f't

rid of timwh

food is eaten

Secyetg
iv

,,.

r tr isti

of time that rs is likely

to li

what

it! rtiul

'umtii eating r
driki something

Lono Ltlet

lg, healthy li|e is accident, lt depends good qenes

d good habits. crefists Who qr interested in investigoting

what contributes to long life have fusig groups

liig i several regions where longevity is the rm,

sa

rdinians

ln group of villages on the jsland of Sardinia, 91 of the 17,865

people r between 1880 and 1900 lived to their 100th
bithday - rate mr than twice as high as the g for ltaly.

Why do they live so l8? Lifestyle iS t of the answer The

people Work hard their farms d place great importance
family, Take 75 r old Sardinian Tonino Tola for ml. It's
11 m and Tonino has lrd mi]ked four cows, chopped wood
and Walked km With hls sheep, Taking break, he sits down
With his family to eat, Nutition is factor in Sardinian5' longevity
- their diets rich in fruits and ve8etable5, milk and dairy
prodUcts, fish and some rd Wine, most of which r produced
on thej W farms. hir genetic history also helps, Many of
them r related to the first sardinians, who arived in the r
11,000 5 g, Genetic traits have m trgr r the
rs and favour longevity.

Residents of Loma Linda, California

rg Jetton is 5peeding down the motorway in her purple

r. rg, Who rtl turd 101, iS late for of 5rl

lt commitments she ha5 today. lrd this mig,
she's eaten breakfaSt, Walked 1,6 km, d lifted Weights,
Like m thr residents of Loma Linda, California, Marge is

member of religjou5 commnity that has always sUpported

healthy living. lt forbids 5moking d drinking alcohol, and

discourageS the consUmption of most meat, rich foods and
cafleinated drinks as well as most 5pices, lnstead, they enjoy
beanS, nuts, Whole Wheat bread, soy milk, tomatoes and thr
fruits as well as five gla5se5 of Water day, All of these lwr the
risk of developing certain di5eases. l addition, every saturday,
they 8et together d socialise with each other to relieve 5tress,
study has revea]ed that mmr5 of this community l;ve fr to
ten yearS lgr than th caljfornians.

okinawans

Ushi okushima has j'ust started W job. Not long g she

began wig fum. Predictable hiu for g
wm, perhaps, but Ushi is 10.

With life expectancy of 78 years for m and 86 years fr

Wm, okinawans are m8 the Wrld's lon8est-living people.
They j years free from illness, have low rates of r
d heart disease, and r less likely to develop dementia.
The]r habit of consuming food grW the island5 and
eating in mdti -'eat Until Yr stomach
iS 80 rt fUll' may also contribute to
their logevjty_ FUrthermore, m
lg to mooi support
tWk that provides help, /k/gol
may th factor, The Wrd

Read the article again to find the following information.

rVhich rgrh(s) mention
m wh live longer th m?
",

f
:l whs religion doesn't allow them to eat some things? 2
!
_^ role of gs?
J
: :pecial drink that fights disease?
4
k meetings?
5 l
:- l i the text who r the oldest?
7
:=ople who sleep in the daytime?
S
:l born in specific twen-year period?
9
..l getting together to hl or support each other?
1 1 1 f.
: J who mainly work outdoors?
1 2
1

,.,

et the meaning

Lls-U
This taSk rquirS you to read
text which i5 divided into
severaI paragraphs, and then
to match the paragraphs
with 50me answer choices.
Y can Scan the r9rhs

qUickly to find the answers

to the qUestion5. Wh u
have found the information
you are looking for, underline

question
to
part.
part.

it
lt and Write the question
umr in the margin next

the underlined

i
]

Find words i the article which complete sentences

1-5 correctly.

YoL]r
is the {ood you eat and
how it affects ur health. (para )
Food products made frm milk are described as
(para )

means to order somebody

not to do something. (para )

4
5

means to spend free time

with other l. (para )
_
r plants used to give flavour
to food r to make medicine. (r D)

The oldest person in the world was Jeanne

lmt of Fr. She died in 1997 at the

age ol'l22. Why do you think she lived so

long? Tick the_things you think she did.

!
!
!
!

Sh ate kilo of chocolate week.

She rode bjke until she was 100.
r diet was rich in olive oil.
She loved music and rrdd r CD.
at the age of 85, she took up fencing.

Your teacher will tell you the answers.

?5

-.:-s

'that which makes one's life Worth living'

: i5 djfferent fr . ' lklgol is right
": -: says lJshi 5 she nods towards her friends,
']- die, l Will Wonder Why l m still alive,'
, -

lka

rians

::-ts Xerolas parties hard and stays U past 2

.-=-, night.The amazingthin8 isn'tthathedoes
-- : n remote mountain village, but
that he
]

::

lple,
lcer

it at 10 years old.

: - :,] Greek isIand of lkaria, mr than third

:':- residents reach age 90, They suffer less
: -.. and hrt disea5e and, moSt surpri5in8ly,
- -: of
the dementia that afflicts other cultures.
, -; iving lkarian5 observe about 150 days of
,. U5 fasts year, sleep late d daily,
--: j eat mostly leafy gs, potatoes d beanS.
a,: Ih is iqu factor that is not seen
- lhr rs wh people live for lg time:
:-: key ingredient to livin8 lgr is grWig ri8ht
- :,leir gardens. lt's selection of hrs used
to
- =! tea and they all have thig in mm
;-_.i lwr blood pressure, major cause of heart
: : 5 d dementia.

_ ;*4,
.

,rl

,, ,7,i ,"_"ltll'

nurse

ward

srg

2 9

meditation

cycling

proteins

additives

minerals

4 trainer

optician

dietician

operation

injection

weights

treadmill

tablet

crutch

dia9nose

examine

vaccination

6 preSciption
7

,.t

circle the odd ones out.

1

l},i

d9
poison

Match each sentence '|-6 with the sentence that logically

,l
8
{ri
]1

follows it a-f.

1
2
3
4
5
6

t
l've , going to an aerobics class for month now. !
You should try and eat organic food.
I]
l've twisted m ankle, but l don't know if it broken,
Ben was in tril skiing accident.

The doctor thinks the wound is infected.

cut my hand badly while l was rrig dinner.

Susie k her arm while doing gymnastics,
l

will have to have X-ray.

lt doesn't contain preservatives.

She'll have to have it in plaster for few weeks until itheals,

|t's great, l've lost weight and lfeel muh fitter!
lt will take him months to recover.

circle the rrt words.

IMyth or medical advice?

'An l day keeps the dt away'is saying that some l reject as simply old wives'tale. But does it,
and thr sayings like it, actually contain truth?
Old wives' tales, r at least some of them, do indeed have words { wisdom to offer| Take the 'apple day' saying.
(1) additives / vitamins that keep us healtby and in good (2) sh / figure physically. l{ we are
healthy, we have need for doctor. th saying is: 'Starve fever, feed cold'. lVlany researchers say that
person with high (3) illness / tmrtur should imit what they eat, and l drink water. the other hand, they
(4) dia9nose / advise patients Who r suffering {rm cold to do the opposite
- to eat (5) well-ba anced / nourishing
food. Speaking of colds, another oLd wives'tale (6) sris / treats dear old mum's homemade chicken soup as
quick and simple (7) md / medication f runny noses, sniffles and even (8) sore / tender thoats. r it, doctors
agree it works!

Appies are full of

Which of these ideas for staying healthy and in good shape do you 9r with? Discuss r answers with
partner.

.
.
.

34

ji gym or an aerobics class

eat nourishing food that has iots of proteins and minerals
take vitamins if l have the flu or infection
drink hrl tea if l have sore throat
take medication when doctor advises r to

rst Perfect Simple

& Present Perfect

Fr, since, lately, already, yet & still

,ontlnuous

We use th Present Perfect Simple for actions

and situations that happened at indefinite
time in the past. We use the Present rft
continuous for actions and situations that
stated i the past and are still in r9rss or
have happened repeatedly up until Jw. Look
at the sentences below and answer the
q uastions that follow.

1
2

Look at the words in bold i the sentences below

and notice how they are used.
She's seeing dietician for month.
been ruig in marathons since 204.
l haven't feeling very energetic lately.
isn't h. already left for the gym.
Haven't you finished your work yet?
still hasn't bought w trainers.

She has jogging in the park for two hours!

5h has jogged round the park twice.

Complete the rules.

Which st emphasises how long an ti

has been i rgss? f_- i

negative 5t.

which sentence tells us the number of times

something has happened?

at the end of question r

with expression that shoWS

period of time.

with point of time in the

pa5t,

h students have done project fitness.

The students have doing project on
fitness all week.

at the end of sentence to

mean'recently'.

whih sentence tells us that the students'

project is finished? !

after the subject of sentence

for emphasis.

ln the other sentence, do we know whether the

before the main verb of

sentence for emphasis.

students have finished the r,jt?

Read 3-1-3.2 ot the Grammar Reference pages 163-164

before you do the tasks,

complete the sentences with the correct form of th present perfect simple
or the present perfect
continuous of the verbs in brackets.
r aunt

,]

(use) natural remedies for many years.

h old m

Why
an allergy?

(you / book) appointment with the doctor?

(not catch) cold since h was young.

(you / sneeze) for the last hour? Do you have

h l\4editerranean diet

(become) very popular in the

last decade.

The doctors at this hospital

fr r since 204,

(deve ) neW treatments

Tess

-9
!

Complete the sentences with these words.

[d for tatety Since stitl yet

_-

He's walking on crutches

Sh training with weights

? m
With

(k) h arm and she needs to qo to hospitall

Lell) you not to spend so much lime

HoW m times
your mobile?

4
5

__

the accident.
month.

had his operation.

haven't been cycling as much as usua{

Has the doctor examined the patient _?
l

the optician.

hs't made an -appointment With

__i., lrl

Praaise saying
1 fifth
2 fiftieth
sixth
4 Sixtieth
5 ei9hth
6 ei9htieth
7 twelfth
8 twentieth

these words aloud.

-f?

' Now listen to see if you wr correct.

'Listen and circle the numbers you hr.

11/5
2 1"/.
5,000,000
4 ,500
5 ]798

1/50
30%

3%

35,000
']978

50,000,000

']/15

500,00,00
,O5

187

D you will hr someone talking about sleep and sleep problems. Fr questions
1 people driving when they r tired r at least rtl to m for almost
2

rd accidents.

of sris

ur is r designed to get ready for sJeep when they sense

ur modern li{estyles m our s]eep patterns r very different frm u bodies' natural biological

4 Young children need to sleep for about

grs naturally tend to Wake Up
6

1-7, complete the sentences

every night.
in the mrig than adults,

Difficulties with sJeeping r rrtd approximately one

ot mris.
h speaker is disappointed that most sleep rsrh is rrid out private companies thr than government
h th

Lloso-Uy
LiSten rfull to umr5
hr the recordin9, so that u
Write them doWn rtl,

>

Lls-U

ak\vla

When speaking, it iS important that your

thoughts r well organised.This will help
the listener to follow whal you r \aying,
to 5qu your ideas U5ing key
phraSes such as Io begin With ,.,, thr
thing is that ... d Finally ,,. ,

Work with partner and answer ths

q

.
.
.

ueStions.

How often do you feel stressed at work/

sh ?
Wbat do you do to deal with ur stress?
Do u think stress affects ur hlth or the
health of members of ur family? How?

Listen to Peter describing htgrh.

Whih photo is h describing? What piece
f information hld you to choose?

}
}

D Work with

partner and answer the questions about

the photographs. One of you sbould Student
and the thr should student . Remember to
use the Usefl Expressions.

Student : mr photos 1 and 2 d say how you think th

people r feelin9.

student : what advice would you give the people

ts.
,{

photo?

serious

i the {irst

]rnment

Look at this list of adivities which sm

could do to reduce stress. put them in
rdr of how helpful they are ('l = most
helpful; 8 = least helpful). Then, discuss
your answers with rtr, giving reasons
'or r choices.
wa king

yoga/Pilate5
da

ncing

reading

( :lr?rh

sleeping
chatting With friendS

Student : Compare photos and 4 and say hw you think th

l r feeJing.
Student : What advice would U give the person
photo?

;n

the first

Us|l {rss\9

shoppin g

Sequencing your ideas

doing team Srt

begin With, ...

tiStl, .,. / Secondly, ...
Well, for thing, ..,

thr thing is that ...

l also believe that ,..
What is mr, ,..
Finally, .,
LaSt,

but not least,

..,

scuss these questions With partner.

you think younger l get more stressed than older people? Wh?r'/h not?
.'./h thr r stressed people around you, do start to {eel stressed as well? Why?/Why not?
-aughter is grt way to get rid of stress. Can you think of any other ways?

',l_,li']l,j9,1r

Prepositions

Complete the sentences with the correct prepositions. Some prepositions used mr than ,

against

1
2

4
5
6
7
8

of

to

you consume too m calories, u are at risk

becoming overweight.
Penny needs to wrk
hr {itness if she wants to ru mrth.
lf

Food that is high in hlstrl can contribute

hrt disease.
Eve's rsl tir told hr to focus
strength-building exercises fr now.
l{ u want to get in shape, why not become member
gym?
Al] hildr should
lf

vaccinated

diseases.

you eat well and ook after yourself, you cou d live to

Yr chances of success in the race

depend

100sld!

how hard you train,

Collocations & rssis

Match the idioms in bold 1-5 to their meanings -.

1
2

4
5

lfeel as fresh as daisy after my

holidayl

l'm r ly udr the weather today. l think l'll 9 back to bed,

Let's go fr walk in the fresh air lt'll do you th world of good,

Why don't you 9 to spa fr the weekend to recharge r batteries?

l'm meeting afamouschef tmrrw, so l'll pick her brains about vegetaian food.

uwll

rgi rg

ask fr detailed information

lively and energetic

make you feel better

Complete the letters with the idioms from in the correct form.
9 a\

ltt

lB.* F.*rt xsbe a.,** ** *-"

Dr g AUnt,

l (1)

about

rlm l have? lrll need some hl! l'm

studying hrd for m exams d last week l
Started to feel (2)
l'm tired l] the time and don't h r9.
I'm sd l'll ill and might miss my exam,
what shuld l do?

i,17

Dear Tina,
lt's natural to feel stressed at exam tirne d thi
make you feel unwell. So, wh you want k
{m studying, Wh not g and sit i th grd?
The fresh ir wi!l (3)
d
hL to lr your hd. the exams overI
make sure take some time to
(4)
Get lots of sleep,
see your friends and relax! Do ll this and you'll
{eeling (5) _
in time!

Good luck!

Do you a9ree with these statements? mr

your answers with partner's.

.
.
.

[]

fl

lt's better to , rich than it is to healthy.

lf u eat healthily, you don't need to exercise.
lt'll fantastic if we live to r 200 dav!

t] & Utl Nouns

t s refer to separate items. h

singular and plural. Uncountable s
refer to abstract ideas or things that cannot
counted. They do not have plural form. Which
of the s below are countable and which are
tl? Write (countable) or
U (uncountable).

injection

!
holiday
biology
rrti
knowledge

Ietic

health
m

goal

job

ouantifiers

There isn't room for ll of us in the car.

This is the most expensive rm in the hotel.

which words r sd with

1
2

Tick the s which can both t

and uncountable.

,r

glass

2light

3
4

Water

hir

5
6
7
8

medicine
ri
darkness

economics

Some quantifiers |ike lot of d lots of

used with both t and tI s,
but others cannot. Look at the words in bold in
these sentences and then swr the questions.
hr rt m people in the park.
hr isnt mh new equipment at the gym,
She had | little energy left after the match.
She grows few herbs in hr garden.

some 5 both t d
t depending thir meaning.
How is the mig of rm different in
these sentences?

1
2

rmti

biScuit

nouns?
uut nouns?

ut

and
and

careful!

Much and m usually l used in questions and

negative sentences.
Read .4-.6 of lhe Grmmr Rfr pages 164-165
before do the tasks.

circle the rrt words.

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

You should drink plenty of waters / water every day.

h news is / are very rgig.

you're feeling dizzy, 9 ouide for some / few fresh air
We had some mmr experience / experiences during our trip.
lf

hildr d old people should stay inside i

/-

cold weather.

Peopleof ll ages should take regular exercises / ris to keep fit.

lthink of chocolate / chocolates is great rst,
Containers made of plastics / plastic shuld't used {or food.

Complete the sentences with these words.

of few littte slice of m much piece of

1 hr r l
people in the gym tonight. lt rl empty.
2 You don't need
m to stay healthy and fit.
The patient was given
injection for the i.
4
sugar won't harm you, but lot cause dental rms.
5 l'd like
cheese in my sandwich.
6 hr aren't calories in this rl r.
7 We need
soap in the thrm.
advice that l have followed
8 - grandma gave me very good
r

all m life.

39

rrfi11

Giving advice
When you want to give others advice in ur writing, try to keep
light-hearted and urgig tone. This will make the dr feel
that he r she trust u. lf u are too critical, the rd will
r not {ollow your advice.
lntroduce pieces of advice using these structures and
expressions: Don't worry if ..., Make sure you .,.,
(t) + {ull infinitive r u .../ Why d't u/t + r
infinitive .,. ?, You could always + bare infinitive .., d
, shouidln'r) . r infinitive ,,,

,
'*

lmagine your friend has asked you for some advice. Look at these problems and write piece of advice in
your notebook fr h one. Use the structures and expressions above.

1
2
3

"*,

4
5
6

find it rll hard to get out of bed in the mrig.

l Want

to get into Shape,

b,Ut l hate Sports.

always feel hugr as soon as l get to school.

head huts when l l computer games.

,'m add,cted to cl^ocolate and cr'sps,
N4

Wanttotake u hobbythatWill help m getfit.

Read the writing task d write (true) or F (false) for h of the sentences below.
Yu h s this umt i your sh/ student magazine.

Do you have advice for fellow students who

want to avoid getting colds and flu this winter?

Tilen wit u5 an til!

We will publish the best s next month.

'l
2
3
4
5

Your article may appear in the shl magazine.

You will give gr nealth advice.
Yu will give tips {r preventing illnesses,

The advice will rd l ur 9,

yu will write umt_

L]

d the model article and complete it with these words.

don't

forget don'tWory makesure Shou[dn'i iryto Whynot

ffi

*gmr g, gight the mr cold

r you one of those people who come down with colds and flu every autumn?
(1)
; hr r some handy tips to prevent nasty colds,
First of all, hlth diet h] to rvt u getting sick. However, you
Wait to get cold and then Start to take action,
()
give yourself head stat rgulrl eating and
drinking foods and drinks high in important vitamins? Even if you do become ill,
ll-e,oad to recovery will rh easier,
(2)

Secondly, sleeping well is very imtt to good health. Lack { sleep lowers
your body's resistance to illnesses and makes it hrdr to fight off colds. So,
(4)
you get rud eight hours sleep night to Stay
form.
LaSt, but not least, you must sr that u are hygienic. Colds easily
caught touching surfaces which have germs them. (5)
wash ur hands in wrm soapy wtr after touchinq door
handles, tlhs, ltts and doorbeils.

As the old saying goes: prevention is better than cure. So (6)

these simple tips and stay grm-fr this winterl

k again!

Read the model article 9i d answer these questions.

'
2
3
:
i

l,Jas

the witr copied wrd for word {rm the task?

Why does the writer begin with question?

Ls

the t ofthe rtil angry, encouraging or critical?

ls it written in fml, informal or semi-{ormal way?

irl the correct words to complete the plan for the model article.
mm sense fights the mm cold

: :

::,agraph'|: lntroducethe
:-.grh
::.agraph

2:
:
'.,grh 4:
=,9rh 5:

theme /firsttip and state whatthe articlewill beabout.

Tip discuss the benefits / drawbacks of healthy diet.

Tip 2: discuss the importance of colds / sleep.
Tip 3: discuss why l should wash their hands / touch l things.
1:

Conclude making 9rl statement and rfrrig back to the tips / adding extra tip.

Complete the sts with words from the Useful Expressions.

"

.Joggin9 is great Way to

up calories.

Dik some herbal tea and you'll soon th road to

sister is
4

to rh.
up my metabolism working out.

tr to

You look great. How do you mg to stay i

5

grandma always says

aire's m

doing these exercises.

You make your article clearer

,er to u!

Read th writing task below and make paragraph l for ur article.

Remember to use the right expressions for giving advice.
,u h seen tbis umt tn your schoo/'s student magazine,
.','rite your article. (120-180 words)

lt's never so imPortant

for teenagers to l(eep fit.
Do you have any good advice to help your
fellow students get in shape?

l?
l ds,

h write us article!
We will publish the best s next month.

)u
]

Ll-U

With nasty bug.

Build up
]

is better tban cure.

n.

and
ill,

and more convincin9 statin9

the reasonS Why the rdr should
take ur advice. Try to emphaSi5e
the positive result oftaking your
advice rth than the negative
result of not taking

ir

.]

Usfl {rss\s
Health

r to

come down with

have therapeutic qualities
lower resistance to
prevention iS better than ur
take vitamins
the rd to recovery

Fitness

"S
,

Stay

}
*.**
I

aerobic exerci5e
active
form
I out of shape
buiId up your strength
burn up calories
control ur Wejght
get/stay in Shape
9 to the 9m
keep fit

irs flexibility
speed up your metabolism
5trength-building eXercises

stretching exercises
Warm up
Wk

out
41

Before you watch

Match the words to the meanings.

1
2

4
5
6

physiological
treadmill
sample
release

psychological
l

t]

small quantity { something to show what it is like

having to do with the mind and thoughts

having to do with how the body works physically
let out, free

slim, but strong and healthy

an exercise machine which you ru

While you watch

watch the DvD and decide if these statements r true or false, write for true and F fr {alse.

1
2

4
5
6

mind.

of stress.

Kathy Matt and hr research team r provin9 that stress is,iust in ur

Stress frm rush hour traffic shows up as hmil ithd.

Adrenaline helps our body react quickly d with more force.

Cortisol gives usthe rg for that quick physical push.

Frttl, the body tell the difference between the two types

ll stress is

bad.

After you watch

Complete the smmry ofthe DVD below using these words.

effect tifeStyte tongevity minimat negative physical series stress

amount of Stress to give

Without at least () (1)
energy. we could t get through the day. Howeve1 very stressful

uS

can have negative (3)

ur bodies. Dr Kath Matt and hr colleagues r investigating What StreSS
does to body, and proving that stress is t just psychological but also

(2,

physiological.
5tress, it produces
Wh our body ris (4)
two hrm5 that gi u5 rg: adrenaline and cortisol. lt also
Dr Matt
produces them in cases of psychological (5)
of tests to
and hr team have put together () (6)
show th effects of stress the body.

While ruig tdmill. the woman's body rlss lot of stress

hrms, but she's also using up every bit { rg they create.
However, wh she is stressed psychoIogically instead of physically, the
same hrms r created, but physical rg is used,
much cortisol weakens the bones d makes them more likely to
k. This could create rms that h impact
(7)
rhs taking years off person's life.
hr{r, it is impotant to exercise regularly. Puttin9 the body through
the stress of exercise i5 one way to get rid of psychological stress and i
ffts.
that Way preventing its (8)

42

Discuss these questions with partner.

.
.
.

What causes you physical stress?

what causes you psychological stress?
what do u do to help relieve stress?

Reading: article,multiple-choicequestions

Vocabulary: technology-reIated words, word formation, phrasal verbs

Grmmr: future simple, shaII, gitrltr continuous & future
perfect simple, temporals
Listening: multiple-choicequestions
Speaking: talking abouttechnology, mrig photographs, rhr5ig
Writing: email, clauses of reason & contrast

?:
F-.

li.

Rd\q

Sculpture
of lcarus

d the following statements t the history of fligbt

and decide whthr they are true () or false (F),
h fastest jet powered irft trlld at more th
1 1,000 kilometres per hur, 9.6 times the speed { sound.
The first rl rsh occurred in 1928.

Lrd Da Vinci desiqned the {irst hot air balloon around

1485. [ ]

The average rs would take around 3,500 years to walk

to the sun. []

Quickly read the text to find t hw m people

Virgin Glti spaceships will carry.

lcarus: iGrk mytholo, he

died when hwwigs made
of feathers d wax that melted
wh h flew too closeto the su
weightle'sl hig weight, r

aPpearingto h weight

ri ate nter pr i'e! u si esses

wd people, not the
gmt

Thoughout history, mkid has fascinated With flying,

Fm the myth of lUS, Who flew t close to the S, to the
invention of the most advanced fight l, m'S fascination
With flgha has d] Us to t igg and tt flying
machines,
I

'l9, m's dm

of flig like id came tU With the

wight Flr, the fiSt machine to achieve tlld flight,

Sixty S ]t i 1969, the Boeing 747 took to the

skieS, ftud in the Wld'S IgSt ft building in
Seattle, USA, its Wide-body design Was able to ry m

SSgS than th ift, dig the cost of

ili tl. l '] 97, d WaS itdud, ThiS Was
the fit d l SSg l to tl fSt than
the Speed of sound, Space tl, too, has had its w
amazing developments, l "I91, the Space Shuttle
gd the Wld'S attention Wh it m the fiSt
uSl 5ft,

Space t has tud the imagination of

thousands of Ugsts, Sh Ug S
Was t Rutan, Ai the 1 957 lUh of SUrik 1,
the fiSt m-md object to it the th, Rutan
WaS jUSt '] 4 S old. believed that gmt

5h into Space tl Would Someday m he too Would

able to j into S, the mid-'l99os, hw,
Rutan had lisd that Waiting f the gmt WaSnt
going to Wk. lt WaS th that he nesolved to build his W
spaceship, 'lf m dm WaS going to come U , of floating
We]ghtless in the black S and being thilld the Sight of
th fm oubide tmSh - |'d have to get thing
Stated myself,' Said Rt.

Rutan WaS ugd to buiId his W Spaceship the

loW development of l design, Five S
ft the Wight thS'fiSt flight i 'l9, the
l Was Still jUSt dgS iSit. I
dozen So people had tid flying i , Yet
19] 2 hdds of pilo had flown ls
of difft designS that W developed
thgh it t]S, The bad designS
Shd; the good S flew. S ftiS
in F, gld and Gm W
'l dig hudds, then thousands, of
ls , Why did this happen?
[ RULan believes l,he SW lies i
two StiS: 'That hss to f' d
' l do that',

:t

:
:::

"]:

ll

il

Choose the answer (, , or d) which fits best

ccording to the text.

h
ode

lted

sun

t,

What does the word its refer to in para 2, line 5?

the t/y'rght F/r

airline travel

the ig 747
the wrld largest factory

Rutan realised he needed to build his w spaceship

wh Sputnik 1 was launched.
because the government space programme was

too

What were the requirements to Win the Ansari Prize?

to design spaceship fr private use
to encoutage pr'vae space t.avel
to tr space and rtr twice in two weeks
d to make ten million dllrs for space travel

ii,

.,s't
S W

floating
ht of

:h gS

What is this text mainly about?

sir Rihrd s's business
famous irrft
private schemes to build success{u! sft
d government rsrh into space flight

th

]^S

the
t, l
] Yet
]
ed

Cs, of

l?

Si

sell something to another business

develop idea advertising
make something well known in the business world
turn something into business

What prediction about the {uture does the writr

NOT mention?
that we will travel on spaceships
that We Will Stop visiting frig countries
that we will go space holidays
d that hums will always interested in {lying

, would

jtis

Get the meaning!

Complete the sentences with the noun forms

of these words.
deve[op fascinate invent sr rqi
h
changed the way we live,

ean?

deSignS

lf rnUltiple choice question asks you to

find What i5 NoT mentioned in the text,
yoU muSt look for the information fr
all the answer options. Wh you fid
piece of jnformation, underline it and
cro55 out that answer option. continue
until are left With one answer option,
Whi(h must the rt SWr.

paragraph 5, what does the word commercia/ise

m

SloW,

when h was l 14 years old,

while h was studying the history { flight.

Ll-U

- optimism fina ly paid off. l 24 his Specially

;-ed spaceship, s5hi, SUccessfully td

: . : d made lt back to th twice i hlr'o Weeks,
.

.: , the quimts to Wi the ten-miLlion. Si iz, iz designed to Ug

the
- -t of it Space tl, RUtan'S success
: -a Wld'S attention, d iS Schemes to
---.iliS it Space tL g t ,

: such sh, si Richad s has licensed

_:.1lg of Sshi tol his m, Vigi
Which hopes to ft diry people the
' .::-:Jit
to visit Space. S U led the follow- ]
: : .rt SpaceshlpWo, in Dm 2m9, Vigi's
.. :Shis Will have N pilots d six SsgS
, ]"-d ssgs, who will $2, f
-: lvil float Weightless f Six thillig mit S they
,]: .Ut at Space thUgh lg Window, 'of all ihe
.: ,ve've d" S says, 'Vigi Galactic iS the
: -i,] most excited about, Vry time l look Up in the
. .: ght, l think about how id l the tuiw
, :: have Waiting f this mmt f
- _ _:dS
of S,'

=- ,

Deople think that day We Will visiting Space

. ::.ly aS We W visit fig UtiS, hS

: er we will also have td space h idays

: =:: weekend ks, th g is f SU: Wht

.-..S

i the

fut, m

]S

'.:t, hiqh d fth

going to continue trying to

away th f.

the computer

with
Rob's
aeroplanes led him to become pilot.
l the last decade there have several

in space techno!ogy.

Detectives need to h good powers of

university degree is of the

Jr r iobs.

Would you like to go on holiday in s?

Why?/Why not?
What do you think l would ab,le to
do there?

Vlr

Label the pictures using these words.

headset kd mouse ritr sr sr Speakers

tWr

choose the correct answers.

Cloning

lf gadget is portable.
it is lightweight and easy to rr
it is cheap and efficient

is process in biology used to

produce better and faster forms of space trave
create living thing that is exactly like th

.l. 9lg1 is touch-screen,

you don't have to rS5 buttons r keys to
you shouldn't touch tbe screen when you r using

i:

device is something that

When you demonstrate new product or invention,

you sell it to manufacturer
show it to possible ur

is necessary to make machines and engines ru

has been invented for ceacain purpose

EIectrical appliances are things like

robots and spacecraft

vacuum lrs and dishwashes

Complete the text using these words.

h immtS iti muftr rSS Staqe

irrtr's guide
So, you think you've finaily come up wlth the invention that will hg the wrld! Do you think that all those hours spent
making (1)
to ur original design and testing, re-testing and testing yet again are abrout to off? Well,
before you start utig ll that m you think you're going to receive for your fab,u ous (2)
you'd better think again. You see, it's sad, but true, fact that the ()
of getting somethinq new the
market is long . ltrs must travel rgh and rk road to get frm the rl development (4)
to th ll-imrtt mril li of their invention. So, bre{ore 'r left with cellar fu l { worthless gadgets that u
simp cannot get rid of, consider the fo owing rfull.
. Make list of possible companies which might want: to (5)
your product_
. Send lttr, r even tt, a(n) (6)
your product to the companies
describinq ur
cor
ur list.
Fill, patient, stay lm and r stop inventing. Even Alexander Grhm Bell had his bad days!

(5)

46

Do you agree with these quotes? Compare your answers with partner's.

.
.
.

' rhi do the work of fifty ordinary m, ut no mhi can do the work
lrt Hubbard
'Man is still the rnost extraordinary computer { all.'John Kennedy
'Computers are useless. They l give you sws.' Picasso

trrdir man.'

Complete these sentences using correct future tense.

Euture Simple, Shall, going to, Future

Continuous & Ftr Perfect Simple

Stop pulling the computer mouse! You're

going to damage it.
_
At '12 o'clock tmrrw, l'll taking my
tecbnology exam.
Shall l help you?
d Robots will of alI ur lives in the

4
5

refers to an action that will completed

or before specific time in the future?

refers to an action that will in progress

at specific time in the future?

makes prediction for the immediate future

based rrt evidence? !
rfrs to prediction? !

1ead 4.1-4,4 of the Grmmr Rfr

95
'65-166 before you do the tasks.

rff?

hat you

::':.

shll thr

will thr h

way to 9!

h become
lg too.

,/

will , becoming t of the learning environment

:: -:ational robotics isn't just revolutionary idea any mr; it has become
:: ], This reality is humanoid robot called NAO developed Frh
: :

-. NAO listens, speaks, sees d reacts to touch. NAO

::::^ing of science and technology.

is tool for the

J:-ts

() will using / will have used NAO as tool to lr about robotics

:- thr Subjects such as mathematics and computer programming instead of
_ _. using traditional methods, lt (4) will / will h been wdfl for students

-: : hands-on experiments and experience

how muh fun robotics .
: -="ently,

NAO (Academics Edition) is being used in mjr universities and

:::,atories around the world. but it (5) will soon have / is s going to

able to the 9rl i too. Without doubt,

NAo

Jane?

tourist space travel i the future?

-i. -S impotant

i ,.

whiteboad thlg in the

will there

circle th correct words.

*

r going to h

: ;rary thinkers believe that rottotics (1) shll / will soon

aS computers r now. lVlost probably, robrotics

Well,

the

Most teachers

as even if

iobotics

The education minister has confirmed that from next r,

stud _ the;r own compUter at School.
will having
will have had

the main clause contains ftur tense.

-::ead We Use present or present
rft tense.

]nt

feel tired at the moment so

centre. ?
We are going
Shall we go
Will we h g
_ the report 5 o'clock.
Will you doing
Will you have done
Shll you do

::,lporals such as wh, after, until, th mmt and 5

new science museum has just opened in the city

3 careful!
:mr future tense cannot
used with
l:

in few years.

This time net Week

cJassroom frm now .

shll use
will have used
are going to use

choose the correct answers.

The technicians wil| h installed surveillance

mrs next week.

refers to intentions r plans?

think

__

lt

which sentence

Look ut! Yr laptop is too r th edge of the t.

makes suggestion or offer?

ShalI

The computer m is going to

ig out new sofare t week.

1
2

Tomorrow morning l'm

ldentify the structures in bold i the

sentences d th answer the queStions.

r futu r.

: gig to make / shall make classes mr fun for both teachers and students!

L\st\q
('Lirt"n

* this conversation between Jim and Valerie and decide who h question is about.
Write J (Jim) r V (Valerie).

1
2
3
4
5

Who didn't know that there was rm?

Who likes to have long telephone conversations?

t]

Who suggeststhatthe other changes his/her telephone habits? f]

Who {eels that the other is not being very sympathetic?

Who points out that long conversations not mr expensive?

' Now listen again and complete the phrases that the speakers use to express these meanings.

1
2

4
5

ig m
functions rtl

m rs

perfectly

disconnects us
begins to make noises

sta ts

talk for Shtr lengths { time

have shorter

us off

You will hr people talking in six Situations. Fr questions 1-6,

choose the best answer, , r .
You hr sm talking about household device.
Which item is he talking about?
dishwasher
washing mhi
vacuum ir

ls-U
YoU may not hear the exact
WodS that you read in the
anSwer choices, 5 think
carefully about What h
5Wr choice meanS.

You h two teenagers talking in an electrical appliance

shop. What does the girl decide to buy?

laptop
an lVlP3 player
mobile h with radio

Yu hr m talking. What does h say is the best

thing about th product he's b,ought?

lt trls lots of things.

|t useful f travellers.
lt's easy to USe.

You hr rt of news rrt. What does the

r5tr say is in doubt?
that suppliers will wantto design the seats
that will buy the tickets
that r regulations will allow th new design
You hear woman talking. What do she and her
husband both want to buy?

cooker
hm cinema system
computer

Yu hr girl talking. How does she {eel about hr

th r?

48

She thinks he's going to r successful,

She thinks he's wasting his Lime.
she doesn't r whether he's successful or t.

>Peaklvlo)
{

Work with partner and answer these questions.

What do you think iS the greatest jnvention? Why?

Do you h an email t? What do u use it fr? How often do you use it?
l{ you had the rtuit to learn at home using computer instead of going to school,
would you? Why?,Ar'r'hy not?
lf you had to choose electronic device to take with you on holiday, whai would it ?

The following electronic devices have become part of m people's daily lives. How often do you
each of them? Which ones could you not live without and wh?

.
.
.

aptop
mobile h
player

.
.
.

digital mr
video game sl
GPS navigator

Work with rtr and answer the questions about the photographs.
One of you should Student and th other should be'Studeit .
Remember to use the Usefu/ Expressions.

Lls-V
When you dont know word

r't remember

it,

don't

Waste time tryin9 to bring it to

mind.Think of anotherWay to

express the same idea.

exact

Student : m photos
1 and 2 and say what the

in the
n]nk
:

advantages of h situation are.

each

student : which situation do

you think is best to wk i?

lS,

Student : mr photos and

4 and say what the disadvantages
of each situation are.

student : Do you think it's

good idea to use robots to

manufacture things?

r}_
]iscuss these question With Partner.

'
'
'
'

think technology has simplilied ur lives r

,nade them mr difficult?
Why?
] rfr face-to-face communication or
communication via telephone or email? Why?

Do you think using motrile phones is bad for our

realth? Why?
What are the benefits and drwk of shopping on
:h lnternet?

Usfl trss\s
Paraphrasing
Will robots ever replace humans? /Wjll robots ever
do the,job of hms?
hlg has Simplified our lives, /Technology
has made our lives easier.
you think of benefits / drawbacks of mobile
hs? / Are there advantages / diSadvantages
of mobile phones that yoU think of?

49

! Vlr

.word formation

Complete the table.

u9lb

l
'

;
explosion

adlectjv9
9xp|osille

|.99l

]
9_9| l
revolutionise
industrialise

!9active
P9We'.

revolutionay
industy

ll

excellent

lT9s]l"

imaginative

Complete the sentences with words from .

1
2

Neil rmstrg, th {irst m the moon, is ()

m young struts.
what it must like to walk the m!
lcan't

The initial

lv]ark Wants

but building was

No was hurt during the

dama9ed.

to the iPad has very positive; they've

sold millions,
when h older.

to Work in the computer

communication?

Did th lnternet

7 The man gave them ()

9
10

talk about the Space programme.

very well wh l told him l'd rk his new

t didn't
digital camera.
isn't r good at aft but he is

at science.

engines in order to to

spacecraft needs r
go to the m.

phrasal verbs

Rewrite the sentences below in your notebook, replacing the words in bold with these phrasal verbs.
back

1
2

4
5
6

50

uP

btast

off

m up

With

hook

up

tog

in

Set up

l'll get the technician to connect ur mUtr to the power supply right away, so you use the Net.
l'll give you my password, so you gain access to computer and begin your work.
lnventors think of, suggest and make newand helpful gadgets all thetime-they're amazing.
The rocket is going to leave the ground and head for space i half an hour.
Remember to make of your work your mtr at the end of the day. You don't Want to lose thig.

HowlongWill ittake Pete to getthe experiment rd for later?

Discuss these questions with partner.

.
.
.
.

wh has inspiration to you? why?

How do think the home computer has revolutionised the way we work today?
What is more important fr scientist - imagination r intelligence?
lf u were inventor, what kind of gadget would you invent?

Temporals

Underline the temporals in each sentence and notice the

tenses which foIlow them.

Will you check that you have switched off the ritr before
you leave?
|'ll save the {ile as s as lfinish updating it.
Please text me th moment you have news.
Wh l get m w computer, l'll to chat with my friends,
|'ll wait until the technician fixes the hrdwr.

.
.
.
.

Complete the rls.

mrls are time expressions. Even though We often use them to
:: k t the future, they r t folIowed future tense. We u5

tense. When we want to emphasise that

=:iion finishes before thr starts, We u5 the Present Perfect Simple.
,', h we don't need to emphasise the rdr of events, we use the
tense.
?ead 4.5 of the Grmmr Rfr page 166 before you do tlte tasks.

circle the correct words.

']
2

4
5
6
I

Won't hg my password until / the time l get rmidr.

l'll buy an iPad when / before lsave up enough m.
l

h doctor will examine the astronaut before / until she gets on board the spaceship,
Dr Jones will ll you the moment / until he receives the results.
The exhibition will over the time / after David arrives.
Until / As 5 as the systems programmer has fixed the rm, we'll get back to work.

complete the sentences with the correct form of the rs in brackets. use future tense and
rst tense.

The technician
into our W house. (install, move)

2 __

recorder (record, get)

the security lrm before we

my favourite TV rgrmms when

3We

4|
5

the most up-to-date in{ormation Until We

th ltrt. (not find, use)

(download, need)
The students

DVD

the file the time you

robotics demonstration
from their iuh k. (watch, come b,ack)

to access it.
aS

5 as they

Jen nifer

the online application frm after she

the ssr information. (complete, 9ather)
rhig.

Complete the sentences t the future so that they are true t you.

l'll buy new mob,ile h when

Afte" l have linished my stud'es, my rts
[V]y classmate and lwill have completed ur science project before
4 |'ll activate the lrm 5 s as
2

|'ll have finished studying English

'll lend you my spare mobile until

l time

51

tlrifi4
clauses of reason & contrast
Wh you write, you will often need to justify r opinion, You can
use clauses of reason to explain tbe rs fr something and clauses
of trst to express opposite idea or opinion.

clauses of reason r introduced with these words:

. as/since/becauselthe rs wh + ub'ect + r

.
.

because o{/due to + noun/the fact that

the r5 for + U

clauses of contrast are introduced with these words:

.
.
.

lthgh/ though/but/while/whereas/yet
however,/nevertheiess, + subject + verb
in spite of/despite + u/th fact that/-ing

Tick the correct sentences and correct the Wrong ones in your notebooks.

]
2
3
4
5

subject

The rs for l was impressed was the centre's

organisation,

The astronaut gave interesting lecture, us some l couldn't hear

h space shuttle launch was postponed due for bad weather.

him.

The technology fair was llt, wr, the opening hours should have

lwould definitely mmd the product despite of

its

cost.

extended.

ln myopinion,young people prefer interactive game consoles since they ae more challenging than traditional games.

Read the writing task and the notes you have made d tick the things you must do in the task below.
You h received email frm the mgr of visitor centre you wt to rt/. Read the mgr's mil d
the notes you have made. h, write emailto the mgr, usig all yaur notes.

Dear Visitor,

we would like your

Exploration Visitor tr aS rt ot school ru,
As vou rtl visited the r Space
*"irro r grateful if you could [ake the
{eebback on your experience and th!
time to rl,

f;;ffi;;;;;;;;i*.

"

the Spacecraft exhibitionS interesting and

Firstlv, We Would like to knoW if yoU foUnd
to visitors? *-,|
*" i"l"r made mr appealing
Move ilerac\ive, 77s?

informative, ls there

in Ur
part of the visitor centre WaS, We are very interested
Secondly, please tell us What ur favourite
,uggestions you miht have,----x * rocket exhibition \s ",
bpinion

"ny

Furthermore,WeareconsideringincludingeperttalkSbyformerastronaUtSaSpartofourattractionS'DoyoU
*ould interested in such talks? -_,_|not re ally, because ",
iit

'.u."

if you have other suggestions or

PleaSe do not hesitate to let us knoW

com'"nt',---rnlu,,n,

Fri,n
lar uq 7ea7le

Yours faithfully,
lrk R

Quality control gr

5?

express ur ll

apologise {r something

make some suggestions

4 write an informal email
3

f
L
L
f
L

Lls-U

Read th model email and circ|e the correct words.

-::r r

] -

Ryan,

Writing in response to your email asking for feedback on the

Space Exploratjon Visitor tr.

: -::ly, r8rdig the spacecraft exhibitions, l found

them etremely
-'mti (1) as / the reason for l learnt great deal about the
;:r of the spacecraft. (2} While / wr, the exhibitions
,.] ld much m interestin8 if theyWere more interactive.
-: - this S, the rocket exhibition made the biggest
-rSSi me (3) the reason why / since it is the l thing
-:i is interactjve. l W Understand better
how spacecraft wrk
]) l.re to the fact that / because of l rid 'flight'

-i:

When are WIitin9 formal letter

email to someone Whose name you don't
know,begin Dearsir/Madm and sign off
wilLh Yu laithfuy.|f you know the rsi
name, then use it in the greeting (eg DeorM5

'1r*.) "":

,: l, l really enjoyed my visit to the centre. l have

mmended it to ll my friendS nd pla to visit again Soon.
a l -iespite / Nevertheless, l believe that reducing the price of
-,.:et WoUld ensUre that mr young
l could visit.

from our records that you have

recently bought one of ur high Wr
telescopes. We would like your feedback
ur product and would very grateful
if you could take the time to rl.
l see

|il

telescope [r professional rss

Read the model email again and write (tru) r F (false).

1
2

4
5
6

The writer gts the reader and signs off

h writer has covered all hr notes.

rrl. ]

h writr justifies her iis.

h writer rsts feedback in constructive way.

The writer's tone is vr negative_
fh ideas r't lrl linked in the email,

is ssi.

Since the eqUipment iS

"oyihOJ

Thank you in advance fr helping us to

improve oUr product.

cu-e

Yours faithfUlly,

Janet Douglas
ProdUct Development gr

Us|l {ss\;
Giving opinion5

believe/fel -..
opinion, ...
my mind, ...
... made impression on me ...
... haS proved to ...
l

In my

h CD-ROM is extremely
lot frm it,
ln my
theoretical.

-.,

[]

Look at the Useful Expressions and complete the sentences

with appropriate words. Sometimes more than answer

'1

--/

which feature [ the telescope feel is

most USefUl for Ur needs, in addition to
Sug8esting any improvements We could make
to the model you purchased. \provilz

Suggest how spacecraft exhibition could improved, !

Sum up impression of the visitor tr and comment
thing that could improved, !
comment mgr suggestion for future event. i]
Discuss favourite part and say why,
Slae tl"e ,s for writing.

for leisure, Secondiy does it meeL your

needs? <-5, 9 ,,.
l|e (,;cl t|a* ,1 , !,qhtwetqhl. oec|'!se
lt WUllS helpful i you could tell us

Write the rrt rgrh mr next to h description.

wtlalite gad 5arqt,ziq 1,_

Fistl, we wouId like to know if you use the)
|

k again!

d the writing task and make

rgrh plan for your email.
Remember to justify your opinion using

Dr cUstomer,

.|

Yu h received mil frm m

that you rtl bought te/escope fr,
Read the email d the notes you have
md, h writ emai/ to th m,
usig all r notes. (120-180 words)

rkt,

f
)ameS.

ii:::rely

clauses of reason and contrast.

::

L
L
L

off withYou:s
:|n."

Over to you!

- 'act, lfeel that sUch exhibitions give students

better idea of
': i space than talkS frmr astronaUtS WoUld. conseqUently,
-:!bt that the talks suggested WoUld r popU lar With
: -g l (5} because / yet they usually prefer to take
, :. ve part in Some Way.

r1""

and llearnt
science lessons should less

Feedback
interactive

it is easy to carry.

4 my
it would ttr
wider rg of ]urs to choose from.

i{

there was

lightweight/poable/practical/conVenient
ideal/Suitable/appropriate for enthu5iasts

extremely informative
take active part in

Dl/D

Before you watch

Work with partner and answer these questions.

.
.
.

How m different ways { grtig electricity you think of? what are they?
which of these r rw rg sources?
choose rw and -wl energy source and discuss the advantages
and disadvanta9es of each.

While watch

Watch the DVD and circle the words you hr.

1
2
3
4
5
6

lt'S difficult to turn that rg / sUn ight into electricity.

mjr supporter / advocate fr solar rg can fud in California.

lVany new homes i Srmt are equipped / provided with solar cells.
lf they use iess wr than they produce, the utility m sends them brack cheque {r
th difr / similarity.

Unlike pbotosensitive / photovo]taic systems, which capture the rg in sunlight directly,

these mirrrs reflect the sunlight onto tube {i]led with special oil.
5 lg as the sun rises, solar power will continue to ffr hope fr dd / rli
- and lr - solution to the world's energy needs.

After you watch

Complete the summary ofthe DVD below using these words.

affordabte huge pottution powerful residents rsurs Supporter

source of rg is actually out in

th's most (1)
space. lt's ur sun. lV l already use some solar energy, but for
solar power to used instead of thr limited and disappearing rg
(2)
it has to both ()
and dependable.
Srmt, the capital of California, is major (4)
save or make m
of solar rg. lts (5)
using solar wr through 'net metering'. This (6)
allows l who produce extra power to sell it back to the utility
m at the same price as they would rmll for it.
I California's l\4ojave Desert there is a(n) (7)
slr plant that generates slr energy. Wh the rmr Junction
slr power facility is working at full capacity, it rts total of 150
megawatts. This is enough power for about half million houses.
Furthermore, it do ll this whi]e producin9 r little r dioxide
or (8)

54

Discuss these questions with partner.

.
.

Do you think lifri solar energy policies could work in your country? why? / why not?

what do u think done to hl solve the world's rg rms?

Units 3 & 4

'Vlr

Complete the sentences with both words.

'1 Stage proceSS

The development of w product

The first
the longest.

i5

innovation invention

lg

of Tv has chanoed
ur way of li{e dramatically.

of development is

We are living in century of technological

additives vaccinations

bandages ths

Children r given

protect them a9ainst variou diseaSeS.

l

rf eating food that doesn't contain

portab[e touch-Screen

We have got

CD lr
which we take outside when the weather is nice.
lf you aren't {amiliar with usin9 muts,

lrmmd_

sore

tender

l h
l

_,

swallow food it hurts lot.

throat and when

The rt of my hand where l cut mysel{ is still

and painful.

Wh he k his leg, th l way fr him to

mv around was to use
h nurse wil] have to change the
your wound every day.
Shape figure

Jogging

iS

good Way to Stay in

The model has oreat

Sh got g legs and slim body.

ward

rs

lvs Jones is th

on duty

at the mmt,

The hospital
kept clean and tidy for patients.

must

Complete the word groups with these words.

appliance digs infection muftr minerals

rmd surg

teadmitt

teSt, examine,

prescription, medication,
protein, vitamins,

gym, weights,

device, gadget,

optician, dietician,

bui d, produce,

8 tmtr, flu,

Circle the correct prpositions.

1
2

4
5
6
7

How healthy u are depends at / on how u treat your body.

ll young children r vaccinated about / a9ainst some diseases.
rs m, Virgin Galactic, is focusing at / building spaceships for rdir
l.
Fir l shouldn't stay out in the SUn for too long because they r / at risk of getting sunburnt.
]nventors h contributed fr / to progress in technology,
l

can't log at / in because my computer has k down.

Weall need to work / fr ur health d try to eat healthy foods.

Susan was feeling udr / over the wth last Weekend and took it easy.

Complete th sentences with th correct form of the words i bold,

4
5
5

This computer software changed to suit u

There is no
in his hlth and he is still in hospital.

That famous dtr book health is truly

That architect b,ecame {amous because of his
doctor 9 me
This new rt is

. REoUlRE
lMPRovE

|NSP|RE

desions. |MAG|NE
for antibiotics wh my cold became worse. PRESCR|BE

development in technology. REVOLUT|ON

55

Units 3 & 4

(rvWr

Complete the sentences With the Present rf Simple or the Present rft Continuous using these verbs.

capture develop eat lose rh Simptify Sleep

trt

lot of weight just

walking fr bour every day.

The
so please quiet,

r lives since th

late 60s.
The couple
the last two yearS,

fr less th hur,

nourishing food to
improve hr health for the pat r.

to lndia five times

Jane

Space travel
imaginaLion [. long lime,

hlg

his

destination yet?

people's

This computer company

types of software since 1990.

choose the correct answers.

D will
his new video game console
d of the week id
have rid
iig
This time next , we will
telescopes to l Space.

the

The technician will have fixed h

comes back frm the uk.
as soon as

w m powerful

building
building
h built

This m new robot for the hm th

end of the r.
will have buit
will build

r u going to

is gig to build
l

take r computer to repaired?

Will
bAm
Shall

circle

lS

going to

10

fall into the water.

you have finished the work.

unti]
5

think you wilI

enjoy
enjoying
have enjoyed

this book health d fitness.

This time next month

in Gr.

she

will
will

Please don't leave

the time

laptop

until
the time

careful! Your

Wh . __ buy w mobile?
you are going to
you will

in

you

relaxing island

will
will
will have

the correct words.

Eat less, live lgr!

ittle food every day help slow the aging process? We know that food is s5 to keep
ll living things alive. But why is it that (2) some / l]ttle animals like laboratory rats, live twice their rml life spans
when they r fed fwr calories? Scientists have known {or (3) few / lot of rs, about 70, that animals such as dogs
and mice show increased Jongevity when they eat less food.
Could eating l

(1) few /

Dean mrl began eating 2000 lris day at the age of 5. His weight has dropped about 20 kilos and h
calculates that r calorie h avoids is wth aErout 0 seconds of extra life. 'l am willing to give up (4) piece of / few
pizza to live thr three hus!' he says. l avoid foods that contain (5) Lot of / ots sugar and fat in the hope
of living lg. BUt is it Wrth it and more impotantly iS it true? scientists have not yet found (6) muh / many
proof, but what they do kw is that the key to eating ight is balance. So, is it worth living little longer, but not
enjoying (7) few / lr of chocolate once in while?
56

&4

verbs.
. the
:'m5 i

Reading:

article, missing sentences

Writing:

ss presenting rgmt5

'vlu!: succeSs- d ambition-related Words, prepositions,

collocations & expressions
rmmr: modaIs, semi-modaIs, modals perfect
l-iStening:
muItiple matching
Speaking:
talking about ambition and s5s, decision
making, r5sig certainty & uncertainty

his

ieW

:he

,,

rk,

.iand

l..

: keep

: SpanS
:s dogs

ie
-: h

ls--j
.a
-"s -a "s
Si . -"(r
+
_{
a -a "(\ i.

-.a,\\
- "s,"

J' .-.
,c
\d+-j+ ".' ,
,;{,+
+
+
**
aa

._a

s 's
- .z

_-{ "s f{.

,{

{i

:i

What does success m to you? Put the following in

order of how important they are in defining success
(1 = most important; 5 = least important).
]

wealth
hi9h StatuS

rs happiness
good friends
making diflerence

Do class survey to find out what the most popular choice is!

:]

Read the article to find out approximately how m

cataract operations the does every year.

]:rt: medica! ditj which

causes gdul los' of 5ight
t _,1,1ltc

The
]

L,,

|r |m l,whr othe,

people live

de'lti1 sr!:!l: condition r rlm

that leads to death
e!i!l\iila'ie: to get rid of smthig
iireie55!y: not getting tid of dig

5omething

,e5tara.ioF: rigig somethiog back to

its lgil condition

Dr Sanduk Ruit d Dr Geoff i have usul

rsl goal: to cure as much unnecessary bllndness
in the]r ]ifetime as poss ble, 1
CaLa.i]ctS r
fr the most mm cause of treatable b]indness
in the developing world, and Dr Ru t developed
technique that a]lows safe, loW-coSt cataract
operations, r the years, Dr Ru t and Dr Tabin have
proved that hospital quality standards ied
success{ully -li aTeas of the developing
wor d, gth, through the work of the , they
have made the impossilrle, possible,

The Wor]d Health Organ sation de{ines rs as

functiona ly bl]nd when that rs t rfrm the
daiiy tasks n life that are ssr to survive,

.#,*

}}

l
,_

.7'

,i

Sanduk. Ruit and

l _Dr
ur Geott ll awalt

"'u'*,

"t "n

"",u-o,

ls-U
.

Get the meanin9

i Sur that the sentence u h5 to

Complete the sentences with the correct words.

] gap fits i logically With the Sentence

comes after it 5 Wella5 With the

expedition miL ssi

::.

,: that come5 f it,

!ive sentences have been removed from

:h text Choose frm the sentences -F
:h one which fits h gap ('l -5). hr
s extra sentence which you do not
leed to use.

l've r

4
5
6

lt was then that h understood his life's

miSSion,

't be]ieve thisl lt must ()

a(n)

have a(n)

dusty rough
This is the
part in,

to the mountains.
fr music,

daring

most

mission l've ever taken

{ul not to fall, h gud ls

P|ease

, r

hr.

des|,, ll's r

{ulfi] thi5 goal, they started the

iml cataract Project () in 1995,

\eve,Le,oss, D, 'r re[us^s , give uo,
h rti takes only six or seven
minuteS to perform,
SiL.laTion, l < r"s l^ave se,io-s
effect th quality of life fr the ]id
s, thi family and even his r hr
community.
hr are also Ti ganga medical teams
,e,note ,", bomeTirre.
,.,1,1o ttauel Lo
foot, to treat people,

Jeveloping world, family mmr who

blind hgs frm being Sm Who
:-rtes io the family ]nto famjly burden:
:_-d who can't wrk in the fields, mother
:l't to walk r rough ground to collect
- r child who lgr attend school,
As Dr i says, 'l the Himalayan
indness
s death senience, Fr long
-. eople thought that as you gw old, r
-,nS White, eyes turn wh te and you die,'

_,sual

.dneSS

-es

aSS

; led
] g

:h

,-l

. ]'

.
.
.

.
.

Dr Geoff i, -Dirtr of the Himalayan Cataract Project

Jennifer Aniston, celebrity
cristiano Ronaldo, football lr
Bill Gates, {udr of I\4icosoft
r]s Slim Helu, businessman d world's rlchest rs
mli hrt, first woman to fly solo across the Atlantic

child smiles at
camp in Nepal.

Dr Tabin'S greatest pass S, rti

: -g, led him to

aS

Who do you think deserves the most respect fr their

achievements? Why?

s profess onal rr, After

lg the summit of lut Everest of

rm the

-,ditiS, he came across Dutch team

-

:,

ng cataract rti wm who

As Dr
ind {r thr years.
l have
Ru]t
and
Dr
s, 'lVy rtr
Sanduk
preventable
and
.ed to wrk to mil alJ
rg,
ir

l
Hima
. t'dss lrm
to
out
than
setting
':t m, goal mr dr]g
Everest"
t
F
of
.. :he fist ascent of the East

_-

-g the has expanded lnto AJrica rtl,

. : ld from the Himalayan region Wr the focus of
. , ,rk i the rl years, This is because this r
: ^ of the highest rates of tt blindness ] the
: base of operations s ihe Tilganga lnstitute
, , ^tha moLogy in Nepal, which treats 2,500 patients
:- ,leek, 4
The teams often find that there ]s
. -:tr city or drinking Water, but Within few hourS,
- - turn dusty School bU]lding into a'hospital m'
. -: :he Sight-restoring sugr is carried out. hr,

*l

Ruit and
i await

camP.

i#
/}

;,#,

they work tiK

aS m patil

location.

;i,',,{
rig the miracle of sight back to
ssi fore moving to the next

How m cataract Surger]es does the rfrr every

r? Together With their padnerS, the contributes to
the examinatlon and treatment { r 70,000 patients
Ull, including provlding Surgery to 1,000
And of the most amazing things iS
patients,
that this life-changing surgery l costs the $20.
The result of the HCP's wk is not just the restoration of
sight: it's the rstti of human life,

59

Vlr

comPlete the sentences using two of the words in h group.

1 best-selting accomplished devoted
4 loss frtu

a(n)

Tim is
has written over dozen
novels in the last ten years.

author who

faitures goats accomptishments

said that Steven wouId r achieve his
but after overcoming
ma ny
he is w
famous record producer,
[V]

ri medal cup
Wrig his

around his
neck, the proud team captain rid the championship
off the pitch.

profit

Reports say the family

greatly increased when they sold the property, makinc

of r million pounds

jewetlery [and possession

Being millionaire, h owns

ail over the country and his wife wears designer
clothes and

detrmined vaLuab[e stubborn

h actor succeeded in becominq fms because
h was
and he had lrt
lessons at drama school-

circle the odd ones out.

1 dreams
2 kustr
3 worship

hopes

fantasies

flop
idolise

rrd-kr

4 self-confident arrogant
5 flawless
pefect
6 infamous
celebrated

modest
faulty
renowned

circle the correct answers.

true success story

rh Winfrey,
world-renowed talk show host, (1) tiring / tireless philanthropist. talented actor
woman's life
- tothissomethinq.
rll tells the ragS to (2) wealth / riches story of what can achieved when you really set
mind
u
into (3) d / poverty in Mississippi, l\z]issouri in 1954, rh has often called of the most
(4) influential / leading women the planet. At,andoned hr mth at very
u9 aqe, rh was raised i
rudw inner-city neighbourhood, Her t9 years were full of hardship, d it wasn't until Oprah WaS nearly twenty

that hr life g to hg for the better.

working for radio station while she was still student i high school, oprah's natural (5)
9ift / rst as wsrdr
quickly became apparent and her climb up the (6) ladder / steps of succes. Was speedy . ft
(7) benefiting / boosting the ratings of little known chicago talk show to the top spot,
oprah's ambition and
(8) drive / walk rsltd i hr setting up her own production m.
The rest, as the saying goes, is history, rh winfrey hs rkd as of the wrld first {ri-mri
billionaires. Being the rs she is, she doesn't keep ll this m to herself. lnstead, she spends huge amounts each
r helping others.

Do you agree with these statements?

mr your answers With partner's.

.
.
.
.

60

ll the m i the world can't buy you

happiness.
lt's harder fr women to climb the
ladder of success than m,
Power and possessions make the m.
Following u dreams is mr
important than making m.

'

odals & Semi-modals

Complete the table with these modal verbs.

can't could must mustn't needn't

1making

Function

Ability (rst, Ftur) , t,l to

Ability (PaSt)

after work.

lnab,ility (Pa5t)

--

f]

Was/Were l to

"

That ug man may succeed in the

business world.

pounds,
i

You should set goals {r the future.

2 You borrow my laptop if you like.
You mustn't leave u computer
1

ought to

Modal & Semi-modal Verbs

Read these sentences and match them to

function from .

You have to promise me to try ur best.

James could repair computers wh
5

couldn't, wasn't/weren't
to

he was just .

yu needn't look for thaL information

mr.

u5
J ]earnt

;chool.

I L"lK.i.rig"ii;;;i
nece55ily

lt can't easy to
if you are poor.

J"";ib""",.,

ig up six children

careful!

k tmpossibility

could, m, might

Possibility

Mr Adams must finish the science project

lVlonday.

Wh we want to use mustfor igti in thr

tenses, we use the tenses of the verb h to.
Read 5.'1-5.9 oftfie Grmmr Rfr on page
1 66-167 before do tl]e ta5k5.

choose the correct answers.

's life

1 Richard
2

9.

na
tWenty

ts each

can

to talk about our ambitions in class tmrrw?

Do we have
Have we
MuSt We

could

might

very r to climb that mountain in WinLer,

must

should

You

The r young

sreader

use computer wh he was only six years old!

can't
-

become success{ul if you don't try hrd.

couldn't
mustn't

m vrm m difficulties in his life.

mustn't
have to
had to
6 John worry about his future. is r talented.
hasn't
shouldn't can't
7
l rrw r laptop {r {ew days?
MUst
Needn't

8 That ssi Betty! Sh away at fr.
shouldn't
mustn't
can't
circle th correct words.

4\

']
2

4
5
5
7
8

We will must / have to hr early tmrw.

What may / shouLd l do? l need your advice.
Jane, you needn't / don't have to now.
You rll must / read that book. lt great!
She could / was to win the talent competition last week.
must / shouLd very ambitious to Want to become manager.
r might / must lr computer skills these days.
could / needn't become famous day, Who knows?

,4

which of these words do you associate with ambition? put tick r cross in the boxes.

'l
2
4
5

6
7
8
9

persist

give up
not
iose

achieve
dtmid

ieve
inspired

You wilI hear some sentences containin9 different {orms of

the words below. Write the words u hr.

1
2
3
4
5

Lls-U
ready to hr different form5 of
the Word5 you 5 Written i the
statement5, Read the statement5
fi5t and think t which words
you might hr in different form5,
d what those forms might .

infiuence
be]ieve
achieve

determined
inspired

You will hr five people talking about ambitions. Fr questions '|-5, choose from the |ist -F
how each rs feels about ambition. use the letters oniy . hr is extra letter
which you do t need to use.

1
2

Speaker

4
5

Speaker 4

Speaker

Sl<r 5

You have very h i{e without being ambitious,

Ambit]ons r something J rich people have,
N4y ambition is th l tbing that inspires me i m daily ife,
You' l just disappointed because you've failed,
Some amb,itions r pointleSS, but thrs r r use{ul in life.

lf

you rlI want something, you have it,

l
I
I
I

l
]

"-;#

62

>^k|0)
l

)rm5
,]

the

t .

.
.
.
.

Talk aboUt the advantage5 and

di5advantage5 of h situation before
makinq deci5ion. EXpress the certainty
and/or uncertainty that you feel
USing appropriate langua9e.

r you an ambitious person? Why?/Why not?

What is r greatest ambition f the future?
ls success impotant to you?
Do think of your friends family mmrs
r particularly successful?

Lirt.n to Peter and Maria discussing friend

cf theirs who wants to become professional
football player. hir friend wants to know which
of the things shown hr she should do to achieve
hr goal. Write (Peter), (Maria) r (Both) to
show who does these things.

of

ts
Words
fms,

Lls-

Work with partner and answer these questions.

,..

1",'nouses appropriate language? !

2 develops ll his/her answers? !
makes the most rit choices for the
situation? ]
4 persuades th thr to agree with him/her? !

lmagine that your friend wants to

zoologist ( scientist who studies animals).
First, talk together about the different things
that he/she should do to succeed in making
his/her dream come true. Then, decide whih
two things are the most important. Remember
to s the Useful Expressions.

Listen 9i and underline the Useful Expressions

that you hear.

Us|l {,rss\;
Expressing certainty
Without doubt,ld 5 that ...
|'m certain/positive that ..,
There'S no doubt in my mind that...
Expre55in9 uncertainty
lt hard to 5, but...
|'m not 5r.
l 5Uppose (that) ...
]t'5

possible that..., but,..

{]i@

Discuss these questions with r.

.
.

How impotant is it to h ambitions?

How are the ambitions of r young l
different from those of older people?
How do you measure how successful sm is?
Does success always bring happiness?

Prepositions

Collocations & Expressions

mlt the text with these words. Some

of them used mr than .

5 ai frm in of on
,

question, cross out the option that t used witlthe r in bold.

to

F*ig l,t!fi gfi

1
2
3
4

I l want to rih and successful, but

not m of thm m9 to achieve it, et l
before their thirtieth irthd| However, l\,4ark
Zukrrg is of these people,

rk Zukrg is one of the fudrs of

Fk, the most lr social networking site
(1)
the p]anet. With close to 500 million
users, the site h stated while studying (2)
Harvard University has made him the 5th richest
man ()
the world today.

The idea fr Fk was quite simple.

colieges and schools in the USA traditionally
publish book every year whih includes pictures
of the students, thrs and thr staff, This book
is known (4)
the'Fk'. Zuckerberg d
his classmates computerised this and the system
eventually spread (5)
othet u versiLies
and schools.
Six months after stating Fk, Zuckerberg
and his friends e{t university and moved to
California as they were determined to make
success (6)
the site, hi idea trecame
mr and more poPu ar Until it became the hug
hm we know today,
So, if you dream (7)
being rich d famous,
thing you lr (8)
rk Zukrrg
d his creation, Fk, is that you're never too

l the fo|lowing exercise, two of the options given are

used with h verb to make collocation. Fr h

into partnership / rise / bankrupt

Joss / business / my best

take:

progress / profit / the message

in mind / chances / my l

make:

Complete the sentences with collocations from .

'l

lf

we don't make Sr m S, the business will qo

b,efore long-

Our m is not losing m, but we're not making

lf

you want to successful, you have to take

from time to time.
dad d my ul wanted to wrk together, so th

Went

am not going to do
after h tried to cheat me.

last r.

With Rgr agai.

|'m doing
to find job, but so fr
haven't found thig at all.
l have been promoted to Head of Department d th'r
ooking fr suit candidates to take
in the office.
I

7
8
D

hasn't finished the project yet, but he has made

Match the expressions in bold with their meanings (-).

1
2

4
5

9:
do:

Freddie worked his socks off to get where he is today,

Tim set his sights on becoming artist and h
achieved that. f-

l don't think Julie's ever goinq to set the world fire

with hr ideas. !

Ruth is up and mig in the computer industry.

is ready to throw in th towel. I l

show signs of being successful

have

target U Want to achieve

work hard
d

do Something that creates excitement

to admit defeat r failure

Do you gr with these statements? Compare your

answers with rtr.
successful you
. h to work r socks off.
. shou]d take chances when you .

.
.

must make lots of m.

must Want to the best.

Modals perfect

Complete the table using these modals perfect,

could

are
ach
}d With

have

must

have

needn't

h would

have

Modal Verbs
can't have, couldn't have

certainty about the past. past impossibility

Lack of necessity r igti i the past

shouldn't have

Criticism of past actions

Ability and willingness about past actions that didn't h

could have,
may have, might h

Past possibility

Read these sentences and match them to function from .

1
2
3
4
5

go

akin9

needn't have sold my car because | got rise at work.

John must have at home last night. l saw his r outside his house.
Y ld h passed the exam, but you didn't study enough.
She was talented dr d she might have become {amous if she hadnt injured i accident.

should have listened to your advice. l regret it w.

iomplete the rule.

they

.':dals rft r used to talk about the past. h are formed with modal r

carefull
',d't h is used to talk about Something that happened

; again

,farl

?.ad 5.'l0-5.

they're

'6

2
rfire

nobody asked us to.

l'm certain his determination helped him
succeed in business. must
him succeed in business.
Lt'S

trip

ssi she didn't go business

She
h

business trip.

9one

lt was waste of time to Wrr ab,out r

rr. h
You

worried

about your career,

Grg was wrong not to follow m

instructions. should
George

instructions.
t's imssi that this m {elt

Thsman_

circle the correct words.

How did he do it? lt (2) mustn't have / 't have easy.

especially when he'd been told at school that he wouldn't get
anywhere i life! () uld have / 't have
discouraged, but he wasn't.

Hi5 determination

i the past but Wasn't necessary.

How (1) must h have / could he have managed to m

the youngest of of the largest mri companies?
Michael Dell's company - Dell Computer Corporation - w
rs mr than $50 million on daily basis! lt sells computers all
over the world, You may have Dell computer at home!

to. would

bUt

+ past participle,

Michael Dell

We didn't come because nobody asked

us

gs (-).

of the Grmmr Reference pages 167-168 before you do the tasks.

Complete the second sentences so that

h h similar meaning to the first
5entences. Use th words in bold.

lday.

should

Fti

l.
vill

have

fear have

was r9 student Who was interested in mtrs

like lots of other teenagers, (4) must have / can't have
bit different, though, because day he ought
computer home and started to take it rt. then
rssmd it just to See if h could. At university h started
building computers for his fellow students.
dropped out of college and r looked back,
managed to fUlfil his dream of making and selling computers.
ln 1984, and with l $1,000, he started his own m. His
parents (5) needn't have worried / should have worried as he
went to become success{ul businessman.

{r.

65

Presenting arguments in formal essays

When u write formai essays of opinion, you should
try to rss Ur ideas in utr d objective way.
Although you drw rsl i, try to
avoid exa99erating, over-9eneralising and bein9 too
emotiona as ur arguments wil] less believable, Yu
should also tr to avoid colloquial expressions and phrasal
verbs, as we la5 contractionS.

Tick the Sentences that could included in formal essay.

1
2

4
5
6
7
8

Nowadays, it iS mr important th to succeed at schoo

ld knows it's tota] crazy to mr your abilities to others',

l don't understand people who can't thrd trying,
lf

you want to get on

ife, you've got to do your best.

the point in 9ettin9 upset over silly test?

lt iS important that We Set ourselves realistic targets.

After

At the end of the day, you are the wh can decide

if

you r successful r not,

t]

l]

Read the newspaper extract and writing task and then answer the questions below.

multi lnillionaire \villian] Sunderland. Brian had an

extlemely privileged trpinging and rvas educated at

an excluSive plivate school. Howevel, two yeals ago,
he lost his entire tt r,vl-ren his real estate business
went banklupt. Nr in renrarkable tr ofevents,
he has m one ofthe nost successful young
entrepreneurs ofthe decade. 'I hrdl believe it
myself,' commented Brian his change offortunes.

Read the model essay and decide which sentence in

each pair best comp|etes each gap. Write or .

ls ig rich d famous good measure ofsuccess?

How e/se success judged? lVrite an essay

discussl9 ur opinions using specific examp/es.

1
2

What type of text Will u Write?

What two things will you write about?

Wil ur writinq focus ri Sunderland?

How does the WS extract relate to the

writing task?

l become successful easily while

others must try hd to achieve thir 9oals, (1)

Our society admires those who r wealthy.

Let's face it, we all admire stars with loads of m.

One of the first things that comes to mind in

swr to this question is fame and fortune, (2)
However, if rs hs inherited thir wealth,
th this is not necessarily sign of thir own
success. we r successful wh we achieve the
goals that we have set fr ourselves through our

Schoolwork's another classic examp -

w hd work.

l my opinion, we oniy success{ui trying

hard to achieve our goals.
The way see it, if you haven't tried, u'r not
successfu].

'l

-l

m mind, the mr ambitious people r, the mr likely they to achieve thir goals.

Riches to rags to riches

su is shinirrg again on Brian Sunderland, son of

66

=.
f]

] , What'S

CITY TIMES

But, ask yourself, is that ll what success i5 about?

h question is, though, how we measure
success?

Another way that people msur success is shl

grades,

() Fr instance, Sco[eS tests are often usec

to judge s's r9rss. l spite of this, some
who sr well may actually have lrt
less than people with lower score who do not
rfrm wel under m conditions.
l conclusion, it i5 difficu]t to set measures for
5uccess that l to r. (4)

k again!

Read th model essay again and tick the things the writer has done.

1
2
3
4

focused rich

people

answered both questions in the

task

provided counterarguments in r9rhs 2 and

failed to rh

conclusion

t]

Write the correct paragraph mr from th model essay next to these descriptions.

swr the first question and discuss the issue.

Sum up and state ur opinion.

lntroduce the topic to discussed making rfr to the task,

t_]

Answer the second question suggesting another measure.

,._]

look at the Useful Expressions and find hrss that m the same as these phrases.
Sometimes mr th one answer is ssi.

'
2

4
5
6
7

cess?

rll want success

successful
succeed despite difficulties
as good as rs expected

develop
aim to do something

not give Up
l to the best

Lls-U?
When Writing formal essay, don't
express your opinion in the introduction.
Your opinion 5hould always come in the
conclusion, after you have presented r
argUment5.ThiS help5 to shoW the rdr
how you have reached the conclusion
and Why you have thi5 opinion.

er to !
Read the newspaper extract and writing task below and make paragraph plan for your
ss. Remember to rst your argument in neutral d objective way.

CITYTIMES
Teens in control

,..,

.,.-,'

How important is it for young people to h mitis?

lrly'rite essay discussing your opini'ons using specific
examples. (1 20-1 80 words)

recent survey hs been puished that shows

that td teenagers r forming the 'ambitious
generation'. ofthese teenagels exPect to
attend university. However, they might missing
t on what rml teenagers should doing.
rh

ile

ls. (1)

d in

, (2)

U|ul {yrss\s

vealth,
eve the
ugh our

rh tar9et

make progress

lften used
thiS,5ome
I lrt

do not

set goal/target
live up to expectation5

ambitiou5
determined to
motivated
per5iStent in

s {or

overcome difficulties

67

Before you watch

circle the correct words.

1
2
3
4
5

Arnesen and Bancroft completed their crossing / passage of Antarctica skis in 201.
The two explorers trained hard fr / rir to the beginning oftheir adventure.
Their training schedule was extremely severe / demanding.
The lnternet d / was atrle the two women to share their adventures with the world.
hrugh tough challenges you lr to udrg / rm rlms and find surt.

While you watch

watch the DvD and decide if these statements are true or false. write for tr and F for false.

1
2

4
5
6

teams of explorers have completed th Antarctica crossing before.

Liv and talk about their experiences in thir book,
The two wm trained hard fr leaving for Antarctica.
The winds wr very predictabIe, rhig 116 kilometres an hur.
Liv and were to keep in touch with people during their adventure.
The women's next goal

iS

to cross the Arctic.

t,-

After you watch

Complete the summary of the DVD below using these words.

achieved adventure continent

9oat history journaI managed misfortuneS d

unpredictabte

Liv Arnesen and Bancroft had the

They dreamed
of becoming the first wm in history to
ski across the icy (2)
of
Antarctica_ After lot of preparation and
hard work, ihey (3)
their
goal February 1 1, 200'l. They wrote
book about their journey across the unknown
land so as to shr their adventure with the
world.
same (1)

Prior to the trip, the two trained hard, skiing

down rocky roads and pulling car tyres behind
them, hir triig (4) _
them to successfully make progress over the
dangerous land thr9h (5)
weather and very strong winds. h did, however, meet with some (6)
Frttl, they (7) _
to rm the hardships.

along the way as well.

During thir adventure, through thi ltt (8)

they communicated with many l from
] 50 countries. Not l did they share thi (9)
but they wr also to relate to other
people's riS. l this Way, the two Wm still felt connected with l around th planet. Liv and
now have new goal; to the first women in (10)
to cross the Arctic ocean.

68

Discuss these questions With rtr.

How do you think Liv and felt during the expedition?

What adventure would you like to go on? Why?
Have you st goals for your future? What r they?

)m
"l

Rd\q

Look at the hieroglyphs below and translate this message into English.

bj*tr \--=.
q

\J,

\offi

tr

l
l
]i(
1'
\
\\
"**. -D-

*Ft
\--q
tr tr

Qfi

eb*ii
ql{b_fi

&

IQ\_=-

The message:

-W

iq

Do you gr with the message?

what are some theories for how Tutankhamun died?

Quickly s the text, th compare your list with partner.

King Tutonkhomun wos just

jt when h died i l22
. wos the Jost king of
poweTfuJ 1omily thot hod r]d

Egypt foT centurles. When h

dl-ed, Tut (os Tutonkhomun js
often known todoy) wos ploced
in JuxuTious, goJd-Ij]]ed tomb.
There he 1 forgotten unti] the
tomb's eventuo] discovery
oTchoeo]ogjst Howod t
l l922. AJthough muh wos
]eont obout his ]ife, two thjnqs
mjd mystey: the Teoson
foT bis eoTJy deoth, ond the
jdntity of hjs fomj]y mms.
Becent]y, howeveT, jmpoved
-r technoJogy ond DNA
onoJysis hove given new c]ues
it Tut's ]jfe ond deoth.

ln I968, Tut's mmm wos

X-Toyed in th h thqt Some

Jight couJd shed on th
mystery of how h died. lt
wos discoveed thot some oJ

fracture: rk
Surm Council of tiquit:!si
rgi'ti which is r55il for
the rtti of Ept'5 trsurs
5m sPecialwoy of taking
Pictures of the i'id of the body
mlri: srius disease caused
the bite of mo'quito

ultimately: frll, i the end

the s in Tut's chest wee

mlssing, ond thot he hod

seTiouS f],tu obove his ]eft

knee. As TUt WoS tToined fighte.

ond hunte1 the reseoTcheTs
sw these thjngs os evjdence of
wr ijuis thot he hod hufi
hjmse]f in htig occjdent.
Some thought thot the Jeg injuTy
m h Jed to infection which
kj]]ed him. h Teseochels
o]so discoveTed smthig vey
itelestjng: thee WeTe pieces of
insjde the sku]], cousinq
m to ]i thot Tut hod
hjt the heod with such
fI thot it hd ki]]ed hjm.
J 2005, fioweveT,

scientists

dispToved the muTdeT theory:

d the directjon of zohi

Howoss, heod 1 glt's

Sulm CounciJ ol Antjquities,
s wos id out. Tbjs
sbowed thot the domoge to Tut'S
sku]] occuTTed wh he wos lg
mode jnto mmm. Hwoss'
teom o]so djscoveed tbot Tut
wos obout 1.7 metes tol] wjth
s]im buj]d. HjS teeth weTe in

good

condltlon, ond h oppeoTed to

we]] fed ond free of djseose. But
i{ h wos heoJthy young m,
then hw did he die?

Looking foT swrs, Hqwoss

Te-exomjned th mumr jn
20l0. w scon Teveo]ed
thot Tut hod with
sIjus Joot condition thot mode

oso-uP

Choose the answer (, , or d) which fits best

according to the text.

Which statement about Tut is NoT true?

lived till the age of it.
His tomb was discovered in 1922.
New evidence about him hs recently m to li9ht.
d His family ruled for centuries after his death.

l 'l968, it WaS discovered that

some s in Tut's chesl were missing,
Tut wasn't murdered.
Tut fought in m WrS.
d some bones in ut chest were fractured.

Remember that When u are aSked question

about What Word refers to, the answer usually
comes before the word in the text. Look back
in the tet and find Which Word(s) you think it
refers to, then try readin9 the 5enten(e U5in9
the Word(5)to 5 if it makes sen5e.

How m times has s carried

out on TUI'S mummy?

three time5
d fur times

What was NOT first discovered i 2005?

the damage to Tut'S SkUll

tWice

Tut's height

the condition of his teeth

that he appeared to disease-{ree

What relation WaS queen Tiye to Tut?

his daughter

his wife

his grandmother
d his great grandmother

what does the wrd whih in the last

rgrh, line 7 rf to?
Tut's family
Tut's health prot,lems
t marriage
d our knowledge of Tut

Get the meaning!

weTe

jo

build depiction direction identity

is ]eft
ed fighteT

1
2

lS

] of
f,d huTt

ident.
)g jniuy

which

rS
ing vey

:- ,jnob]e to wo]k w]thout

:-. FuTtheTmoTe, they found
- ,-: evidence thot h hod
--:ing fom the most sevee
,:_f mo]oTio. Cou]d Tut,

::id

lieces oJ
rusjng

yeoTs of diseose,
_ :linoJJy died foJJowing
:::: coused the leg

hod
$ such

'

sts

'- -_-r ooJysis led to th

: ].:bi]jty. Scjentists knew of
- , ]:t] pTob]ems thot Tut
,-:-d hm: the foot condition

jm.

ry:
,hi

to Tut'S

wos being

,woss'

ot Tut
d] With
jn good
:Ted to

s. But
1g mI

owoS

1 j

-.veoled
with
lrt md

discoveTed in 2005?

: rth possib]e rJm

Toof { his moutb. This
: ,] ihe theoTy thot Tut mr

-- :re

]qlritjes,

This

_*-

)ut.

Find the words in the text and use them to

complete the definitions.

: born with otheT moTe

:.-:,:s genetic pTobJems thot
-=

:,

:.

: ::moteJy hove contTibuted

. = ceoth,
- :jljtion to

Tut'S

couse

::rh, Howoss wos o]so

:-.Sied jn discoveTjng the

::-,::,, of his fomlly mms.

---:..l)ousJy, DNA onolysls
. :-:] mummjes ]d the
'-:-jsis to fj]l in m mS
.. Jomj]y tee, bTinging
.-:t infoTmotion 1ost f
: _.ds of yeoTs. They
, l thot mummy cq]]ed

Akhenhoten wo his fothe,

whiJe mummy kw onJy

os h YoungeT Fml fTom
tomb V5 wos hjs motheT.
They oJso discoveed thot

one of the mummies in tm

KV2l wos l hls wlfe
Ankhesenomun, whi]e the two
bobieS found in Tut's tomb weTe
pTobobJy cbildren of thirs.
Frthm, they WeTe ]
to identify his gTondpoTents,
Amenhotep lll ond the beoutjfu]
queen Tiye, d even his geotgrondporents, Yuyo d Tuyo.
Todcy we know much m
obout th boy-kjng thon eve
befole. We know who his fomily
weTe, d thqt he suffeTed fTom
heoJth ms thot wou]d hqve
polnfuJ ond uncomfoTtob]e,
mr of whih must hove
kj]]ed him. But we o]so kw
fr depictions of the Toyol
coupJe found in his tomb thot hjs
]jJe wos not ]] suffeTinq: they
shown hppiry jn ]ove. With
the jnvestigotions jnto the ]ives
of Tut ond his fofii]y, os Howoss
scys, the TeseoTches 'seek to
h them ond keep theiT
mmrjs o]ive',

3
4
5

infection

is picture { something.

()

lf someone is under your

you tell bim r her what to do.
is illness caused
bacteria or virus and which affects rt of
th body.
is who or what you r.
Your

A(n)

is the shape d size

Your
your body.

of

Who did these things? Match the achievements

to the ms.

Uranus.
Titanic.

discovered the wreck ofthe

deciphered Egyptian hieroglyphics.

excavated

Troy.

4 discovered the planet

irih schliemann

william Herschel

Robert Ballard
d Jean-Francois Champollion

Yr teacher will tell you the answers.

Which { these achievements do you think is the
most amazing? Discuss with your partner.
71

Replace the words in bold with these words.

battLe

]
2

4
5

ten

rS

the past

lt took mr th decade for the grmt to pass tbe law on hm rights.

The old document was t and stained, but luckily you could still rd it.
After many months of {ighting, the soJdiers managed to liberate the village,
histol-y thr says that rud ten thousand l died during the fight D-Day during wld wr ll.
h city was wel] known in ancient times for its m temples and monuments.

circle the correct swrs.

1
2

4
5
6

fr r

The Russian deplction / revolution i '19'17 left hundreds { l dead, injured r homeless.
h concept / ot to blow u the Houses of par]iament failed and Guy Fawkes was hanged fr his crimes.
Students { history must objective / subjective when doing rsrh and Writing rS.

sherlock Holmes is t histor]ca / historic detective, h is fictional hrtr.

wants to write () utligh / igrh of Nelson dl.
ls this real authentic / atificial sculpture of lVichelangelo's?

Complete the text with these words.

a9eS back9round daWn enlightened rt hiStoians

ittustrationS

thr tai<e historyr

So, who says l (1)
d archaeologists
wit books ut times g ? Unlike Anthony ,
England's greatest (2)
on the paSt, Jon
Stewart, the mri uth of Earth (th book), is thig
but an academic. I wouJd think that Stewart's
()
5 top comedian and illiant
talk show host wou d of no use wh witing b,ook about
history, But h has managed to do it, d in such way that
almost r who reads it will bit more
(4)
about th subject.
Using humour as educationa tool, Stewart takes his readers
back to the (5)
of time, gives his opinion
on how the rth WaS created, and then proceeds to take
rdrs through the (6)
to finally
end up back in the present.

At times sarcastic and ironic, and as some critics claim, at times

(7)
, Stewart's wrk is both trtiig
and in{ormative, Full of colourful (8)
maps and diagrams, the book is must-rd fr with
sense of humur and thirst fr knowledge.

72

Do you agree with these statements? Compare your answers with partner's,

.
.'

studying historical events, we lr from the mistakes made in the past,

Almost vr 5ubject and field of study, like rts, food, itics and religion, i5 inked to various 95 of history.
Some countries describe thi history in Subjective Way,

Past Perfect Simple & Past Perfect tis

Past perfect tenes are used for actions that happened before another action i the past or before
rti time i the past. Look at the sentences d underline the past perfect tenses. Then answer the

questions beloW.

1
2

We had already discussed the Seven Wonders of the World before we wr asked to write about them.
Howard rtr had been searching for the tomb { Tutankhamun for years when he found ir i 1922.
Which sentence shows us that action which g fr another action in the past continued r hd
repeatedly up to that time? !
Which past perfect tense is used to show this?

mlt the rules.

to show that action happened {r another action in the past.

to show that action was in progress in the past before thr

s the Past Perfect

". use the PaSt Perfect
",
::-iion
happened or interrupted it.

1ead 6.1-6.2 of the Grammar Rfr 9 168 before you do tbe taks.

complete the sentences with the past perfect simple or the past perfect continuous of the verbs in brackets.

1
2

(ish) his third book on it antiquities, h won

After the historian

writing award.

(not identify) the cause of death of the man before the

h scientist
results m in.

(rr) for the excavation for months before they

The archaeologists
wr ready to blegin.

(they / discover) the lceman 'l995?

(work) at museum for twenty years when he rtid in 2005.

uncle

l\4y

They

looking at th evidence when the case was cancelled,

(you / analyse) the documents fr long when you realised they weren't
(,iust 5tt)

3
1

authentic?
(study) ancient Greek, so she was to read the inscriptions

mum
the statues wh she saw them.

complete the text With the Past Perfect Simple or the Past Perfect continuous of these verbs.

bury

rry

out excavate see

Spend

h entrance to ancient

Greek di royal tomb

Manolis Andronikos
'.1anolis driks, the well-known archaeologist, was r in 19'] 9 in Bursa,

-_rrk, and later he d his family moved to Thessaloniki, Gr. Before h

time

m interested in rhlg, he (1)

s:.ldying philosophy.

archaeological research in various

tS of Gr {or lg time be{ore he started bis mi research i Vergina.
r,asn't the first to Show interest in the area as achaeologists
)
there since the 19th century.

-'ldronikos

(2)

1977, Andronikos made of the most imtt archaeological discoveries of

:^ 20th century. discovered burial site whr ancient Macedonians

4)
King Philip ll, the father of ldr the

.t. The tomb hadn't opened before and contained m valuat,le items
:.lh as the Golden Lr.
r.

DNA

.l th it hs been questioned whether in fact it was Kin9 Philip ll's tomb r t.

',evertheless, Andronikos ld the wld to see some spectacular antiquities of

=.cient Gr that d (5)

{ re.

'Listen to these numbers d write them

down using numerals. lnclude letters
where necessary (eg 4.10 am).
(

4
5
6
7
8

When doing tasks like the one i in the next

column, you can sometimes predict the focus of
question examining the answers given. Look
at the sets { answers 1-5 below and match them
to the questions -.

scientist

rtr

in 200

visitor

You will hear radio rstr interviewing

someone at tourist attraction. you will hr th
interview in three parts. After h part u will
hr some questions about that part. Choose the
correct answers, , or .

in 48 AD

1428

Part

in Britain
i Rome

in Egypt

to scare them
to steal m from them
to help them to leave

smoke from volcano

rocks and stones

boiling ht liquid

4D

200 AD
410 AD
fr r

fr one mth

f week

Part ll

What ,..?
Where ,..?

Wh...?
Wh ..,?

t]

h question5 for each section ofthe

recording are separated lines, so
l look at tho5e qUestion5 5 U
listen to each section.

visitor

th museum m9r
an archaeologist

Why ,,.?

Lls-U

74

ltaly
Britain
Romania
They were taken surprise.
They were to escape.
They didn't think there was danger.
fr lt 79 rs
f about 1,599 rs
f lut 1,500 rs

Part lll

the reai objects from Pompeii

the photographs of the site
the models and street scene5
to go to the theatre
to have holidays
to go shopping

,
:

kll

Work with partner and answer these questions.

Do you study history at school?
What historical events r periods have you lrt about?

Do you rf history to subjects like maths and English?

Why?/Why not?
What do U think i5 the most important event in the
history of Ur country?

Look at these ways of learning about history. Put them

i order of how effective they r (1 = most effective;
7 = least effective). h, discuss your answers with
partne1 giving reasons for your choices.

lb#^,
fr'lg

ear the
will

1
2

4
5
5
7

V
surfing th lnternet
going to liris
going to the theatre

t]
_

:]
visiting mumtS
visiting musums
talking to older people

watching

Lls-U
Don't afraid to expreSs your opinion.
You don't have to aqree With ur
partner on everything and disa9reeing

With h other respectful!y make

Ur discussion more interesting.

magine that school committee Wants to get students more interested i history. First, talk together
-t the different ways that students could lr history in mr interesting way. h, decide which
:wo options the committe should choose. Remember to use the Useful Expressions.

Iose the

|ul {,rss\s
Expressing an opinion

We!l, in my opinion ...

lt seems to me that ...

;:uss these questions with rtr.

,',ly do people like history?

,',,lat peiods of history would you like to go back d iive in?

- you think schools should teach history? Why?/Why not?
- you m films that have set i the past? Do you like this kind ot film?

r5ll speaking, l think/prefer ...

l feel Strongly that ...
5 l See it, ...
l certainly don't think that ...

,] l_,. l,,,',.
phrasal verbs
,

word formation

th th phrasal verbs to their meanings.

1 setoff t]
2 setup ]
3 take over
4 dig up l]
5 putott L]
6 clie out

Complete th t.

theorise

Verb

m extinct r disappear

theoretica]
analysis

analytical

repetition

repetitive

prove

proven

conclude

conclusive

satisfy

rm something frm the ground that was

Ad.jective

satisfaction

buried

prepare equipment f us
d 9i to have trl of r responsibility fr
Somethinq

start journey

Complete the sentences with words frm D.

f discouraqe

Complete the sentences With the phrasal

verbs frm .

5m scientists Say that the human r will

if comet hits the

l has ()
knowledge of
rhlg. He's r actually to an

m9r quits.

Did

the

they

this ancient

Grk pot in your grandad's field?

choose the correct swrs.

you hold onto something,
you keep somethinq inlosition
you keep something

lf

l{ an archaeological find dates back to

rtiul time,

4
76

something

h technicians
mUtr5 at the excavation 5ite.

h m difficultie5 the archaeologist faced

him
the project.

to

unless u nave plenty 'evidence,

l had iot { questions but the scientist's swrs weren'i

on ur tour
rud the Acropolis rl Saturday
mrig.

think we shou d
the tests on the
mummy because mistake was made during the first ones
The rsrhrs took fr weeks to rh ()
l

Sonrebody else w'll have to

the museum after tbe

we

about how th

hr is
that king was buried in
this tomb. we have to do mr work at the excavation sitc
rsrhr must have good
ski]ls,

lt's always difficult

rth.

lVr Richards has ()

Pyramids were built.

it was bought then

it has existed since then

When sm passes down story r

tradition, they
teach it to older grti
teach it to ugr grti
lf

yol put forward an idea, you

suggest it so people discuss it

think about it yourself

rhlgi site.

Do you agree with these statements? mr your

answers with partner's.

Historians often theorise about histr, but they rr

have proof.
Learning dates and names of l wh studying
history, results i putting students off this subject,
lt'S sometimes to hold onto it things that u
find and not tell anybody about them.

sti Tags

Read the sentences d underline all the verbs.

What do you notice?
You have visited the Louvre Museum, haven't you?
Mum didn't j working on th excavation site, did She?

ii

mlt the rules.

l-estions tags r short questions that we add at the

Lical

::1tence and

a(n)

of sentence. We use ()
question ta9 With affirmative
question tag

:h negative Sentence.

w the

That history book is mi.

Everybody wanted to go the guided tour of Pompeii.
taught himself to read hieroglyphics.

omplete the rules.

lried i

, use

tion site.
_

Match the sentences with the kind of pronoun they contain.

skills,

the
rst 5.

ing

lf

lndefinite r
Possessive pronoun
Reflexive r

rs to show who or what something belongs to. We use

pronouns when the subject and the object of the r r the same. We use
pronouns to rfr to people r things Without Saying exactly who or what they are.

care{ul!
-

Weren't

1
2
3

-r are some s that r often used with reflexive pronoun. Some of these r: amuse, lm, cut, j, express,
, hurt, introduce, prepare,
=

ead 6.-6,6 of the Grmmr Rlr 95 168-169 belore you do tf,e tasks,

complete the sentences with question tag.

1

Dad finds watching history documentaries interesting,

This investigation Was

The guided tour won't held tmw,

your

You'Ve viSited Stonehenge,

rl

r9

Everybody enjoyed visiting the catacombs.

Let'S continue investigating the Site i the ftr,

success,

|'m in tr.

lt you

Susan and Jh were 9oin9 to visit the ArchaeoIo9ical Museum,

7 h rescuers haven't managed to find the skier,

,0 Don't forget about the history test,

circle the correct words.

]
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

10

The detective rd the st itself / himself.

/ nothing tell me wh Alexander the Great was r?

Michael loves reading mysteries. This book must his / mi.

l'm sorry. hr was anything / nothing l could do,
The cat couldn't have d so much damage yourself / itself,
I\4y

grdts don't w any StatUeS, ThiS can't hiS / theirs.

We managed to read the inscriptions ourselves / themselves.

lt beautiful day. l'd love to go whr / smwhr.
/ Nobody do that kind of workl lt's easy!
Are you sure u don't want nothing / anything from the museum book sh?

77

rifi11

Using qualifiers
You make ur writing mr appealing to the reader using
qualifiers. These r words and phrases that make adjecives and
adverbs strgr r weaker,
Most adjectives r grd. This ms that they have
comparative and superlative forms. We use qualifiers to show
how strg r weak the ad,jective is. Fr ml, baextremely
gry, rthr/r ti rd, slightly/completely disappointed.
Some adjectives are -grd, r extreme. h do not
h comparative r superlative forms. We usually use extreme
qualifiers with them. Fr example, absolutely auiul, totally
impossibie, utterly r i di cu l ous,
hr r some qualifiers that used with both gradable and
-grdl adjectives. Fr ml. pretty weaexhausted,
r al

ly goo d/ f re ezi

g, quit

m rt nt/exceptional.

choose the correct swrs.

1 Tnis book is mysterious,
tirl
utterly
2 lt's absolutely that the detective
bad
rful
r history test Was impossible.
very
totally
These obl'ects r
old.
utterly
really
These antiques are

quite

exceptional.
bit

rather

Was sacked.

Read this extract from letter

recently roceived from your aunt.
Underline the key words and phrases in
the task. What mst you write about?
What do you think the tone of the letter

disappointing

bit

in third r
Y^,,. mum tells me you're

totally

"i].hool
i"r"j

slightly

shld ?

about it.

wrtt lelter to your ut answering hr

question,

no*, Has anythin9 excltlng

..'i"" l{ so, wriie and Lell me

(1 20-'1

80 words)

Read the model letter and circle the correct words.

Dear ut Rachel,

How are u? l ve got sm (1) lttter],v / reallr amazing news foT yotr. Today has been (2) completely
day, We opened time capsule at schooll

petty exciting

When oul histoIy teacheT asked us to dig up the yaTd, we were all (3) stightly / absoltrte11, confused. But soon the capsule
was uncovered. It hd buried hudrd years f school stlrdents. It was dirty the outside ftr al1 those
yeals in the ground, but the contents WeIe (4) quite / littlc fascinating.
l was of the (5) absolLrtely / really lucky ones wbo d the capsule. lt contained (6) rathel / coll1pleteiy strange
school uniform, which the students would wear every day. hr wr some old books and tiny krds whih th
stuaents wrote because they didnt have notebooks then. What made the biggest impIession m, though, was
long Stick. oul teacher told us it was used to punish naughty student, ht mut h (7) r / ;rbsolutcly awful
r the poor tudents!
}.w, it was intelesting to see what life was like in the past. our class should mk capsule like that.

fr w,

78

-ook again

Read th model letter again and answer the questions.

1
2

4
5

5 the writer d and closed the letter rrl?

How else could sh have opened and closed it?

What exciting event does she descibe?
What impressed the writer the most?
How has the writer tried to make hr writing more interesting?

i complete

the l for the model letter with these phrases.

contents of the psute somethin g for the futu the background

Paragraph

tses in

out?

letter

)r

lll me

the exciting event.

Describe

Paragraph 3

Describe the

rgrh 4

lVIake 9rl comment the capsu|e and suggest

Look at the Useful Expressions and match the beginnings and endings.

]
l uld't brelieve my eyes when l
[]
You imagine bow thrilling
lfound thetwo sisters'story L]

interested
h highlight so fr
Let m tell you about

What really

ver to you

opened the tsur chest.

visiting the Rud was.

totally increditrle.
me was the documentary about Joan of r.
the time capsule we're rrig at school.
hs interviewing survivors ofthe wr.

Read the writing task below and make rgrh plan for
r letter. Rmmr to use qualifiers with your adjectives
and adverbs to make your letter more appealing.
rhis

hr

Why you r Writing

Ask about the reader and say

rgrh 2

1
2

4
5
6

to

i5

extract fr m letter u rtl received from your ul.

Your mum tells m your class is doin9 rll excitin9 history project
this term. what exactly are you doing? l 't wait to hr ll about it,
;Vrite /etter to ur ul swrig his question. (']20-180 words)

'.

Lls-
Before start Writing, remember
to Underline the key Words in the
ta5k and to ask usIf question5
about What you have to Write.
h, brainstorm idea5 aboUt the
kind of project you coUId Write
about and make notes. Decjde
Which ofyour idea5 is the best and
u5 ur notes to l and then
Write ur letter

strle
se

lge
1
l

ul

Us|ul {xpress\oyl;
Relating exciting news

Let me tell you about ...

|' got some really amazing/exciting news for you.
The moSt interestin9 part/highlight so far has ..,
What really interested/made an impression me wa5 ,,.
l found .,. totally Unbelievable/incredible.
YoU ima9ine hoW thrilling/fascinating it WaS/has .
Yu should have seen his/her face wh ...
lcouldn't believe my eyes wh ...
l hadn't realised .., could so interesting.

Before you watch

How much do you know about the Great Pyramid of Giza and the surrounding
area? Look at the statements below and write for true or F for false.

4
5
6

The Great Pyramid of Giza is also known as the Pyramid of Cheops.

The Great Pyramid was the tal]est m-md structure in the world for over ,80 rs.
Giza is the second largest city in Egypt.
The Great Pyramid consists of about 5 million limestone ks.
h famous valley where most { the Egyptian pyramids r found is called the 'Valley of the Queens'.
Wh they were first built, the pyramids at Giza were white.

While you watch

Watch the DvD and circle the words you hear.

1
2

4
5
6

Zahi Hawass is leader of the rhlgil team rssi for maintaining the Giza Pyramids / site.
EgyptianS are proud of these priceless / timeless monuments.
The Giza Project is finding and protecting umr of ancient objects / artifacts.
One day, places / sites iike this will bte to tourists.
Even ftr tuis / rs of discovering amazing monuments in Giza.theteam are still making new discoveies,
The kings of Egypt are saying thank you to today's Pyramid protectors / guardians.

After you watch

Complete the summary of the DVD below using these words.

dig

to

compete officia[S peaceful protect sttS task threat wise wds

Giza is the home of the Pyramids. Tourists m from all over the world to visit
these amazing (1)
However, there iS great r about
the futu of these ancient monuments. Archaeoloqist Zahi Hawass is very
wrrid. (2)
him, trri thing is hig in Giza.
Near the pyramids thr r came]s and horses rwhr. Merchants (3)
to sell souvenirs to touists. believes that dr these
conditions it difficult {or visitors to feel how ma9ical the Pyramids rll r.
intends to (4)
the Pyramids from the physical damage
caused tourism.
Giza is hm to the l of the Seven (5)
of the
Ancient World that Stijl existS - the Great Pyramid. However. it's also hm to
more than four million people. This is another (6)
to the
site of the Pyramids trecause mr and more houses are being built rud it. Grmt (7)
can't do anything t the existing bousing, but th'r hoping something else Will Stop the city
getting closer. h construction of wall around the Site has 9 to protect the Sphinx and the
-. \
j.
Pyramids. lt was designed to trl the umr of l entering the site and to keep the
r mr (8)
lt wil] also keep out souvenir sellers and animals. As Hawass
says, this is very (9)
development that will safeguard the Pyramids
for {uture generations. lf th important (10)
of building the wall is not
, . complete 5, the magic of the Pyramids may
gone i hudrd rs.

Discuss these questions with partner.

.
.
.

Which it monuments in your country d to protected? How this done?

Do u think it iS important to know about it civilisations? Why?/Why t?
Do you think it important that archaeologiStS keep trying to discover antiquities?
Why?r'r'hy not?

t,d.

]t,

Units 5 & 6

,'Vlr

,
:

circle the correct words-

: re people's ambition is to invent amazing w gadgets

9 to places that no has r been
:j. Some want to make (1) profit / their best in business and become wealthy, There r others still,
,
who r simply (2) stubborn / determined to succeed in living rml life despite the difficulties
""r,
-,.,;
have faced, Debbie Grosch-Squance is one of these l.

206, Debbie suffered from chest () infection / depiction which caused another more serious condition

,::s of virus. Doctors were {orced to remove most of hr right leg to save hr life. Despite this, Debtrie
;'-sed to (4) set the worLd {ire / throw in the towel. She had always been keen runne1 and she decided
' :: she was going to ru again. An (5) authentic / artificial leg was made for her, and Debbie spent lg

patiently practising until she could walk, and th u, her new leg, Today, she is not l back at
:-<, but she also rus rgulrl and takes t i ruig competitio5. r (6) {ilur / accomplishment
1- nspiration to all who know her,

complete the sentences with the correct words.

rrgt devoted inaccurate rft
1

successful lwr, but he isn't pleasant person. r

Nd

you know| We ll have ur faults,

h writer's historical novel is full {

4

won't succeed because h not

hotd

5
6
7

onto

put

off

Set

up

the m?

Don't

applying f that j

ur thr

may have l, { geTting it.

you help me to

as frm of
10

,1

to his rr.

take r

When the fthr dies, will the daughter

Why didn't you

facts and dates,

the video mr, please?

the old document? l'm sure it was i.

The .2 million-year-old Austraiopithecus ske eton found i Ethiopia is known

ldream
yu can l lot

,2 lfeel

Iike th luckiest m

becoming an archaeologist.
l like Mark Zuckerberg.
the planet.

h words in bold r th wrong part of speech. Correct them.

,h

,
?

done?

]
2
3
4
5
6

We haven't got conclusion evidence for the existence of Atlantis.

Can you proof r i?
Most l get lot of satisfy out { achieving goals.
lVany,jobs r quite repetition, unfortunately,
Wh don't you analysis the situation before you give up?
Do you have theoretical about the finds?

Lucy,

Units 5 & 6

Complete the sentences with these words.

[
1

Jane

Yu

ht
4

to can't could

have might mustn't needn't shou[d

take the m again. She got Al

ht i exams.

coin

l{

you r caught, you will punished.

frm ancient times. lt dated 1988l

h an ambition or ooal_

rd

6 You
7

don't

achieve r goals last year?

to wealthy to successful.

They

rh their sales targets. l'm not Sr.

you pass the tools, please?

Tick the sentences which are correct and correct the wrong 5 in your notebook.

1
2
3
4
5
6

ago.
t]
may arived yesterday evening. l don't know.
t]
Shuld l have listen to what the teacher said?
t]
l would have helped you study, but you didn't ask me.
J
You mustn't have hrd the explosion, lt was so loud!
a

Yu have s Einstein last r. died rs

Yu could have d well if you'd tried.

circle the correct words.

1 No had seen / seeing inside the tomb for ,000 years.
2 l had thin<ing / had thought about you wh the h rg.
3 sr Wilde had ived / hd livinq in Paris when he died.
4 Had they interviewed / Had they interviewing the archaeologist before?
5 lt was obvious h'd failed the exam. hadn't even opened / hadn't even ig
6 Had Schliemann looked / been looking for r for long time when h fud it?
D

Match.

]
2

4
5
6
7
8

h 't enjoying
ls that historian friend

of

This book isn't John's, but that

i5

Have you r done

doesn't Want to do
The m is Jane's and the tools are also
Have you seen my glasses

:]
t_

t]

h question tags in bold are wrg. Correct them.

1
2
3
4
5
6
2

The boss r books flights for

She isn't very ambitious wm, hasn't she?

h really believe in their dream, had they?
ll has to Egypt, is she?
They hadn't careful, don't they?
W' going to win, shall we?
Let's try hrdr, aren't we?

f
g
h

yours?
his.

himself.
themselves.
nothing ll day lg?
anything.
anywhere?
hers.

his text book.

Reading:
article, multiple mthig
Vlr: trI disaster-related words, collocations & expressions, prepositions
gerunds & infinitives, make & let, mris of adiectives & adverbs, too,
Grmmr:
ugh, 5 & such
Listening:
note-taking
Speaking:
talking about the trl world, comparing photographs, asking for clarification
Writing:
str sqig events

which of the {ollowing natural disasters r in

your country? Can you describe what happens?
wi dfires

floods

tornadoes
volcanic utis

classify: to divide things into grs

dig to their tyPe
deroil: to make train m off the
rilw tracks
mlt: describes rk thqt h5 melted

Read th text quickly. Which paragraph gives

information about record?

us of gqt heot

pyroclastic: mlt rock frgmts d

gases that m rapidly down the side'
of volcano

"4_

lt's riig frogs!

The fostest wind speed ever rrdd

5l
on hUr
Urd dUring trd in the

] km

USA i l999
Scientists SSif tornodoes
the domoge th do, tornodo With Wind
Speeds of l l <m hu sweep wq
ti houses ond throw corS through the lr oS
if thU Wr l<ts. tornodo with Wind Speeds
of r thon 4 km hour hos the power to
deroi troinS, tr 9roSS frm the ground, ond
l povements fr the street, BUt thot'S
not l tornodoes do, scientists beljeve thot
tornodoes sucl< up the SUrfoces of lol<es,
riVrS ond other bodieS of Woter, Wh th do,
th con tol<e fgs d fiSh olong for the ride,
ond th drop them fr W, ThlS m h
the couse of the'frog r ' in town in
Serbio Smo l frogS roined the town, sending
residents running fr cover os the9 tried to
escope, 'I thought pLone rrig frogs
hod oded i mid-oir" soid resident

i!

Floming twisters

As if tds r't dongerous enough, one kind

]s mode of fire! Wlldfires r So WfUl thot

th creote theiI own Weother. As these fires

ur, th Sur huge quontities of 9. The
intense heot couses the ir to rjs, when fresh i
Ushs in to repioce it, Stg Winds r dud
Somet mes thiS mol<es the fire spin lil<e trd,
These fire whirls, or fire tornodoes, l5 m
wide d gw os toll os 4 Str building
hq qrllq lost more thon few minutes,
but some hove losted oS long oS 20, hq r, not
SurpriSingl, ofthe most donqerous tUl

disosters, l J92 inJopon, ofireWhirl killed

, "6| hod gotheteo in ^ Spoce to escope being injUred in eorthquol<e.

Ll-U

Read th article again to find the followin9

information.

Fr multiple-matchin9 task5, don't

Which r9rh(s) mention

:h destruction of rrt?
how tall turl disaster ?
Somethin9 that iS made in cold conditions?

well-known historic event?

epect the questions to use the

5m Wording aS the text. Look in

1] 2

|l

the text for Sm5 of key Words

in the question. For ml, to
5Wr qUestion 1,1ook for words
and phrases in the text that mean the
same aS destructio d property.

4L]
5

the mr of people who died in

specific event?
natural disaster that resulted in izrr

t?

something which happens more frequently

rti seasons?

7_]

naturaI disaster that doesn't la5t

r lg?

10

ratural disasters that move heavy

cbjects?

11 12

__.]

Get the meaning!

Complete the definitions with these words.

ava[anche blizzad flash
thdstrm trd

()

()

A(n)

, :

ll

km

:s g

llnd

)ir oS
SpeedS
ver to
ond
hot'S

ve thot
S,

q do,
r ide,
ove
in
d

ing

g frogs
]nt

Dodge bolls
Jt l, rS 9, hundreds of people

-:teriousltJ l<illed in the HimolooS, recent

.:stigotion concluded thot th Wr cought in
Stm d couldn't ovoid being hit chunks of ice the
_i oftennis bolls thot fell on their heods ot mr thon
. : <m hour, Hoilstorms oS ddl oS thiS r rr,
, roil
itself is not umm. lt is formed in storms
.n roindrops ore rrid into trmL cold rS of the
--shr U powerful WindS, The longer the ti specl<S
: U rud in the Wind, the bigger th become,
.n the pieces of ice grW too big for the Wind to hold
: ih fqll to the ground oS hoil, Hoil iS most mm
- ng lote Spring ond rl SUmmer When severe
-derstorms ore mr lil<elg to occur,

rhot
i fireS
Igen, The
resh ir
dd.
td,

ing,
linUtes,
d

is s snow storm

with str winds.

is heavy rain

accompanied thunder and lightnin9.

is large amount of
water That suddenly rs an r,

()

is lrg amount { ice,

snow and rock falling quickly down the side of
mountain.

()

{ the natural disasters described i the

readin9 text would the most frightening?

which

How do l and the government sd to

natural disasters in your country?

Gos ottock!

lq rdu Somethin9

.1 deodlier: gr ostic flow,

_^h iS cloud of gos ond rock thot

- rh temperotures obove 5".

) l<ind

l5

is violent storm with

strong winds that move in il.

-a l erupts, glowing Seo

len lovo otIen llow down ils
].S, dStrig thig in its poth

: fLow croshes down the side of

5
Were

ftood

r, not

lotUrol
<illed

quol<e,

] lil<e ovolonche, These flows

. ll rh speeds of mr thon

: - k hour, lsti flow wi]l

::l< down, destrog, burg r rrq

,lg rlg everthing it meets. lt

:- destro buildings, foests ond

1lond, PeopIe Who r cought in

: poth r iuSl m9 the

-]S

too, but V people thot

: ose g die os the result of

:]thing in hot osh ond goses, lt

-] thiS kind of floW thot fmUSl

:rd the Rm cities of
^]peiiond ru lUm dUring the
-ct of MoUnt Vesuvius rlq
,: thousond rS ogo,

*, .**lrr**,d

! Vlr

Label the pictures with these words.

drought earthquake famine hUrri [ands[ide tidat Wave

choose the correct answers.

Fault lines r to m fr

The of the hurricane is

its tr

its peak

wildfires
earthquakes

h Richter scale msurs

the intensity of earthquake
the height { tidal wave

The magnitude { something

iS its great Size

HaiI stones r

you r feeling aftershocks, you have just suvived

hurricane
strong earthquake

is its width

lf

small balls of lava

small balls of ice

Complete the sentences with these words.

caSualtieS crust havoc organiSations rgrs wig

1
2

6
D

86

ftr the trd was quite low.

Surprisingly, th umtr of

and wreck lives.

Natural disasters l
Forest

r constantly on guard for the first sign of wildfire,

like the Red Cross r usually the first on the 5 after disaster.

Earthquakes are result of the movement of 'plates' in th earth's

Frtutl. the authorities issued

()

abouttheflood, so l wr evacuated

in time.

Do you agree with these statements? Compare your answers with rtr.

.
.

ll countries where earthquakes often h should make t,uildings resistant to earthquakes.

Natural disasters can't avoided and there is nothing that l do to rr themselves in advance.

Gerunds & lnfinitives

Gerund or lnfinitive?

Read the sentences below and decide whether the

words in bold are gerunds, bare infinitives or full
infinitives. h, answer the questions below.

Volunteers wr vry happy to l up the beach.

Collecting fossils has his h for years.

hurricane is sometimes strong enough to w down houses.

She must do seminar language teaching.

Some verbs can followed gerund

or infinitive with hg i meaning.
Other verbs also followed
gerund or an infinitive, but there is
hg in mig. Read each pair of
sentences and drli th infinitives
and the gerunds. h, answer the

question below.

The local government raised m to hl the environment.

The flood victims described the tornado as being very scary

Do we use gerund, full infinitive or r infinitive

1
2

4
5
6

after preposition?
after rti ad,jecives?

The wildfire continued to burn fr days.

The wildfire continued burning for days.
Jenny remembered locking the door.
Jenny remembered to lockthe dr.

ln which pair of sentences does the

meaning change?

after modalverb?
after the words too and enough?
as the subject of sentence?

Make & Let

to show purpose?

We can also use gerunds and infinitives after certain verbs

and phrases. Complete these sts with gerund,
fulI in{initive or bare infinitive.

we had better

dad suggested

1
2
3

We were made to stay inside all day.

um made us stay inside ll day.
m won't let us go out in the ri.

() careful wh using

this machine.
the nature

(visit)

rsr.

lwould rthr

Read the se]rtences and underline the

infinitives. ..

(go out) than stay in

tonight.
We rrgd
t Olympus.

(climb) to the top of

lt not worth

(explore) that cave. lt

Complete the rules.

The verb rnake (: force) is followed

infinitive in the acive voice and _
infinitive i
the passive voice. The r Ie1(: 6//97) is l used
i the active voice. lt is followed _
infinitive.
Read 7 .1 -7 .5 of the Gramrnar Rfr pages
169-17 before do the ta5k5.

too risky.

complete th sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.

1
2

You can't hl

You risk

(worry) about the environment these days.

(get) wet if you don't tk umbrella with you.

h residents were made

4

denied

lt's too warm

6 h rescue team had to stop

(leave) the town after the earthquake.

() scared of thunder and lightning.
(SnoW)

today.
(rest) after working for so m hours.

Circle the correct words.

h disappearing island

in

time.

- you imagine (1} to ]ive / living island that might (2) to disappear / disappear underwater i the r ftr?
,','ell, the ihit of Tuvalu don't need to imagine this. lt reaIity and th will probably made () leave / to leave
:eir island soon. h rs for this is global warrTring. This is expeced (4) to ig / igig further
:.anges to climates all over the world and cause 5 levels (5) rise / to is.
-lu, situated in the Pacific halfway befueen Hawaii and Australia, is of the most beauti{ul and unique
. aces rth, but its highest point is.just under 5 m above sea level d most areas r only '1 m above sea
:vel. Tuvaluans are interested i (6) making / to make their rm known to the world. (7) Living / Live the
s d is already difficult and they need help i (8) findin9 / to find solution. lf this doesn't h, Tuvalu, with
: population of about 12,000 people, may (9) m / to become the first country (10) following / to follow
-hil Atlantis into the .

L\st\q

Write these numbers using numerals.

]
2
3

thr hundred

4 {ur hundred and fifty

fifty thousand

two thousand five hudd

6 two hudrd thousand

Listen to th numbers and write down what you hear using numerals.

'"

ten million

Ll-U

4
5

Look at the sentences in D and answer the questions below.

1
2

Which answers do you think wil] contain mrs?

What rt of speech do you thinkthe other answers will contain?

D (Vou
1
2
3
4
5
6
7

l some tasks where

you have to complete
notes, the 5WrS
that you hear will
in the correct form
(u, adjective, ten5e,
etc), 5 you don't need
to make any changes,

will hear Part of television documentary. Fr questions 1-9, complete the sentences.

The mammoth lived

yearS 9.
The design of their bodies meant that mammoths were l to live in conditians {
L body was comp{etely
because iL had preserved in {rz mud.
The condition of L body shows that she had very
Scientists know from examining hr tusks that sh was l
old.

Mammoths lived rth for almost _5

of the thris for the disappearance of the mammoth is sudden hg in the eafth's

Some mammoths' bodies have shw that they had been hunted
9 Lyubra's body has given scientists better understanding of how mammoths
8

Nenet touche5
mammoth carcass,

Lyuba. outside the

Shemanovsky Museum.

q
Work with partner and answer these questions.

.
.
.

what comes to mind wh you hear the term 'the natural world'?

How often do you stop to take in the natural world around you?
humans considerate towards other species that shr th same

Lls-
lf don't understand
something your partner
Says, ask them to repeat or
rhrS What they Said.

turl world with them? Why?/Why not?

Label the pictures with these words.

captivity.

itrfr destruction, pottution in the witd, freedom tr, g

]te

S,

eed

eS,

work with partner and answer th questions t the photographs. of you should student
d the other should Student . Remember to use the Useful Expressions.

student
Student

:
:

m photos 1 and 2 and say how humans r affecting u natural world.

Which { these situations do you think hasthe worst effect the trl world? Why?

:
:

mr photos d 4 and say which animals you think live in better way.
Do you think zoos r good idea? Why?/Why not?

lhs
ass,

le

lseum.

Student
Student

(-:@l
] iscuss

'
.
.
.

these questions with partner.

trl disasters mm in r country? lf so, which ones?

How do humans destroy the trl world?
which two trl disasters do you think r the most destuctive?
Why is it important to protect r natural world?

ltfl {xpress\ovl9
Asking for clarifi cation
could U repeat that, please?

Would you mind repeating that, plea5e?

l'm 50rry. I didn't quite 9et that.
5rr, What do you mean ...?

, *.

.,l

V-;ru\
Collocations & Expressions

Match the expressions in bold with their meanings a-f.

1
2

4
5
6

us!
avalanche.
m laugh r day.

f
The urs was ray of sunshine. 5h used to make
I
The police were as quick as lightning. h came as soon as we called them. ]
Katy has her head in the clouds - she thinks th rir will flood again. ]
Everyone loves because she is down to earth, friendly and helpful. ]
l

knew we wr in deep water when l saw the bear ruig towards

The hospitals were snowed underwith casualties after the

rlisti
tre very fast

t, very busy
,

hrful and make otbe-

sensitrle

in tru

Prepositions

circle th correct words.

Supervolcano
supervolcanoes r probably the most destructive fr (1) on / in the planet. There r't many of them, but
erupts it would almost rtil threaten the 5urvival (2) of / th hm r.

i{

h lgst supervolcano eruption happened about 74,00 years 9 in Lake , Sumatra. The eruption was so
huge that the ground was covered (3) within / with 5 cm of ash as fr as 2,50 km away frm the volcano. h
st also hd huge effect on global temperatures Which dropped (4) under / around 5'. This drop (5) in / at
tmrtur Was devastating d scientiStS h discovered that it caused the summers in Europe to freezing
cold and also had catastrophic effect on animals and plant life.

Supervolcanoes differ (6) than / from rml ones in m ways, rml volcano is cone-shaped and when
it erupts the lava bursts (7) out / up of the top and flows (8) thrugh / down the sides. the other hand,
supervolcanoes form ud9ud. 9m slowly rises from hotspot deep down in the rth, until eventually
hudrds of thousands of years later rmus blast urs.
One of the largest supervolcanoeS that eXiStS today is in Yellowstone National Park, US. Wh Scientists
were doing rsrh (9) / {or the volcano they wr rll surprised (10) / off what they found. Basically,
the whole of the park had massive l of magma udth it, measuring 7 km across km wide]
l\rloreover, th discovered evidence to suggest that the Yellowstone supervolcano erupts every 0,00 years,
Unfortunately, its last rUti was well 600,000 years 9, so it Seems that the clock is ticking!

_.-i.l.:
-r _.--j -

:':, ' -#

Discuss these questions with partner.

.
.
.

Do u know who is ray of sunshine or who hs their head in the clouds? Who?
Do u think people who are down to rth have mr friends? Wh?Vh not?
How do you wh you are snowed udr wlth school work?

Comparison of adjectives & adverbs

, Enough, So & Sh

others

Look at these sentences and answer the questions below.

The wrld largest l is situated i Hawaii.

tsunami isaworsenatural disaster than flood.
Earthquakes h the most frequently in the Pacific Ring

d
1
2

h wildfire spread faster th we had predicted.

of Fir.

Which sentences contain the comparative frm?

Whih sentences contain the superlative

frm? !

Look at the words in bold in the sentences

and answer the questions below.

!
!

and
and

lt raining too hard for uS to go out.

Sh experienced enough to get the job.

which word is used to show that

something is more than we want or need?

which word is used to show that
something is as much as we want r need?

Look at these sentences and answer the sentences below.

Jenny isn't 5 clever as Julia.

This winter it has snowed as heavily as it did last winter.
h warmer the weather, the better sam feels.

'1

D We

s so and such for emphasis. Look

at ths sentences and answer the

questions below.

l sentence , who is lrr?

ln sentence , did it snow more heavily this winter or last

winter r did it snow the same?

ln st , what is the relationship between the weather

and how Sam feels?

What rts of speech follows so?

Complete the rules.

use

We
+ adjective/adverb +
to ShoW that two people
r things r similar in some -way. Wh they r not similar, we
can
5 + adjective/adverb + 5. The structure

use

+ comparative shows how action or

comparative,
situation affects thr.

What parts of speech follow such?

Read 7 .6-7 .8 ot the Grammar Rfr 9

170-171 be{ore you do tfie task.

Many natural disasters r so difficult to

predict.
The emergency services did such great
job duririg the flood.
The tsunami struck so quickly, we couldn't
believe it.

Complete the second sentences so that they have similar

mig to th {irst sentences. Use the words in bold.

'1

ln ur, tsunamis r not aS mm as in Asia. more

in Europe.

ln ASia, tsunamiS

We had expected it to rain mr heavily. as

we had expected.

lt didn't ri

drink mr water when it gets hotter. the

water l dik.

h hotter

h h urri was so strong that it caused lot of damage. such

that it caused lot of
lt was
dama9e.
t've r met l more friendly than -these islanders. most

These islanders
It Was

are

|'ve r met.

so windy that the helicopter couldn't rescue the flood victims. too

lt Was

to rescue the flood victims.

hr are more tornadoes in the USAthan i the

restoftheworld. highest
oftornadoes i the

h usA has the

world.
h rsu team needs to work faster to savetheml gh
to save them!

h rescue team isn't

Some {orces of nature r't as bad as others. than

thrs.

Some {orces of tr
10

lt Was such relief to hr that he'd survived the lh! so

l

was

that he'd survived the avalanche!

rifir1

equencing events
Wh you tell Story, it'S important that the rdr
is l to follow the sequence of events. You do
this using ti phrases that help to show how
events follow from one thr. These phrases
also hl to t sense { dm in the Story.

Match h phrase 1-5 to phrase

- with similar meaning.

1
2
3
4
5

At

{irst,
.

At last,

t,]

...
At the same time, ... f few minutes ltr, ...

Atthat moment,

lV]eanwhile, .,.
JuSt then, ...
l the giig, ...
l the end, ...

After while, ...

Read the writing task below and then tick th things you have to do.
wrjte story that begins with these words: uld't wait to get off the boat.

1
2

Write story about r

describe the boat i

detail

rrt an event the hr was not looking forward

use the words gi exactly as they r

J
to at all

Read the model story and circle the correct words.

couldn't Wait to get off the boat. ,After several hours'journey and lifetime of waiting, h was
almost there. (1) At first, / lVeanwhile, Simon hadn't been to make out exactly what was ahead,
but as th boat got rr, he realised it was the volcano he was looking at.
months / minutes later, the boat docked at small hrur and he Went ashore.
stood still fr moment and looked around him, enjoying the strange atmosphere. h, h walked
frwrds. growing mr and more excited.
(2) Two

() Then one day, / Before lg, he found path and strolled up it. h volcano's landscape fascinated

him as he got closer to its peak. There was 15 hot steam pouring from little cracks i the lava.

(4) Just th, / ln the end, Simon glanced up. Steam was rising up in front of him. had reached
the crater. Twisting rud for his camera, caught glimpse of the sun, lt was setting behind the
cliffs in the distance.

At last, / After while, he had s the famous volcano, also got the h to see the most
beautiful sunset he had ever seen - and all this on the same day!
(5)

92

k again

Read th model story again and write (tr) or F (false).

1
2

4
5
j

.]

Simon has been waiting long time to visit the island.

doesn't know what the l is at fist.

is usd to atmospheres like the the island.

{inds the hot steam fascinating.

several narrative tenses have used.

Lls-U
Wh U are Writing Story,
can express your ideas more
clearly and qive the reader
mr vivid picture ofthe people
and events U5ing precise
Words to describe thingS. Fr
example, you use store
g/ instead ofiook,

Write the correct rgrh mr next to these descriptions.

details.

Say what the main character saw from the volcano,

mi
hrtr.
Begin with sentence given and introduce the

Describe the climb up the volcano.

t_
Set the scene d describe background

rig the story to an

end.

Complete the definitions with word or phrase from the Useful Expressions. Sometimes
more than answer is ssi.

1
2

4
5
6

you

l{

you

you manage to See it.

Something

Yu

if you walk with difficulty because of i,jr.

You

sm

if

you attract his or hr attention.

lf

you

you walk slowly in relaxed way.

lf

you

somebody, his r hr face is familiar to you.

r to you

at something. u look at it intensely fr long time.

lf

Read the writing task below and make rgrh l for

r story. Remember to use phrases to show the order of

the events, so the rdr follow your story clearly.
Write story that begins with these words; h all{elt as if they
were standing top of the world ('120-10 words)

U|l <r5s]'|5
Ways of seeing/looking at something
make t
catch glimpse of
notice
catch sm
observe
9aze at
gl at
recognise
glr at
Stare at
Ways of walking

creep

limp

mrh

skip
stroll

wander

Before you watch

Match th words to th meanings.

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

barometric

pressure

data
forecast
humidity
meteoologist
mission
velocity
plain

f
g
h

person whose job it is to study the wthr

predict event before it happens

the force of the air rd the rth
flat area of Iand with few trees on it

the amount of water in the air

in[ormation collected {or analysis
important task r job
wind speed

While you watch

watch the DvD and decide if these tatements are true or false. write for true and F for false.

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

Tornadoes usually move faster than O miles hour.

The rt of storm that rds the tornado is called the r 9,
Tim Samaras always finds time to admire the tornadoes he's chasing.

carsten Peter says that photographing tornadoes is difficult because everything happens very fast.
hr r approximately 1 0,000 tornadoes in th US every year.

samaras takes about 20 seconds to piace probe, turn it and ru away.

The storm hss bad great luck in Manchester, South Dakota,
The probe used in lVanchester didn't produce any interesting data.

After you watch

Complete the summary of the DVD below using these words.

attempt determined directty functional mig rapidty resutts wi9

Photographer Carsten tr h5 an unusual interest. travels with 9r

oftornado chasers and puts himself (1)
into the path of
tornados. His pictures might give meteorologists ttr Understandin9 of
these hg storms and hl them develop (2)
systems
that will save l lives.
Some of the photographs that he produces r taken from r travelling
between 100 and 1 30 kms, just ahead of the storm. Things can change very
(3)
wh you're chasing storm!

Peter also Wants to (4)

to make visual records of storms
using piece of equipment called photographic r. Recently, Peter
was with storm-chasing team led Tim Samaras. h placed their
probes in the path of the (5)
tornado. h Weather r performed as it Was supposed to.
but, unfortunately, the htgrhi r caught images only of the edge of the storm, t the tr. t least
it WaS still (6)
after the storm hd passed, which was amazingl Althou9h it was disappointin9
that it hadn't Worked as expected, Peter explains that the closer he gets to hiS 9l, the mr interesting it iS for
him. seems to have faith that they will get the good (7)
they Want the next Lime around, r
m the time after that. He's (8)
to get the results he and the scientists need.

94

Discuss these questions with rtr.

' How would you feel if someone told you that you had to take over tr job? What would you telt him/her?
'whatkindsofextremeweatherdoyouhaveinyourtr?yourexperienceditfirst-hand?
. Would u rrd to work in extreme weather situations? Why?,lVhy not?

Reading; advertisements,multipIe-choicequestions

Vlr: media-related words, phrasaI rs, word formation

G!,mmr: passive voice: tenses, gerunds, infinitives & modal verbs, impersonal &
personal structures
Listening: multipIe-choicequestions(pictures)
Speaking: talking about the media, decision making, showing that are listening
Writing: essay, editing r work

wrd
hr
van in
l,

USA

d\q

Look at the different types of media below.

Write for those that r print media, for
electronic media and for th.

1
2
3

g
magazine

newspaper

t]

4
5
6

e-book
message rd
Web site

Do you read of the above? Which ones?

ouickly scan the five advertisements. Which

magazine has the most issues per year?

rs r place

Parents! Get hold ol National Geographic

Litfle Kds magazine to give r pre-schooler
head Stri| ThiS award-Winning magazine
iS Specially designed for 3 to year-olds and
is filled with photos and lively Stories that
help develop early rdig skills, lt also has
interactive picture gameS and puzzles to teach
logic and coUnting,

PLUS!

)'
)

5imple Science rimts

humour and rhymes
focus different cultures

Read Ntl/ Geographic Little Kidswith ur child

and provide the most importanl gitL you give:
time With U!

al Geog rhi Explore r

magazine iS packed With highinterest science and social studies
content that inspires kids to r
about the planet!

N atio

National Ggrhi Kids magazine gets kids

excited about their wrldI Ftr stories include
articles on wildli{e, entertainment, science,
thlg. extreme Sporl5. adventures. amzing
kids and wrld wonders,

sections include:

)
)

Video Game trl

Gr Scene

)
l

Guinness World Records

)'
'

Art z

cool lnventions

wildlife watch
Weird BUt ru
Sports FiS

ExtraS:
Large pullout StrS r maps, llt trading cardS, contests, Stickers
and mr.

96

)
)'

writt science writers

and specialiStS
ages 5-1 2
7 issues per year, per
month dUring term-time

N ational Geog raphic Explore r is

the l content-based classroom
magazine for this age group that
provides science and social studies
conten,t While developing reading
and Writing skills.

Ll-U

Your family is interested in subscribing to magazine.

You have found the following adveisements for
magazines. Read the questions, and then look at th
adveisements for th answers.

1
2

Which magazine is ideal for your fur-r-ld sister?

]
2

'1,d4
d 2,4and5

Which magazine was first published more th

hundred years 9?

1
2

d4

Which magazines r ishd in mr than

langua9e?

'],2and4
1,4and5

When you are answering question Where

there are two or more answers for h
option, u lookfirst atthe texts that
occur most often as answer choices. lf
you exclude these 5 options, u
automatically exclude any anSwers that
include them. For example, in question 2,
first look at text number 1 Which
occurs in , and . lf this tet i5 not about
magazine that i5 publi5hed in more than
langua9e, the answer are looking
for must d_

3
d 4

Your dad teaches science at rimry school. Which

magazine would good fr his classes?

Which magazines h maps?

NATlONAL

National Geographic

lnside Anima!Minds

l ati

12 monthly iSSueS
produced in 32 languages

10

'
'

photo contests
map supplements

Geographic

kig at the world

:,,]rgh Stunning
]s

lat
!dieS
g

htgrh.

. There r 8 issues

children?

2d
2and4

d5
4and5

Which magazines include features children find f?

1and2
2d

2d4
4and5

Which magazine always comes with the same free

4
d5

You want to go world tour with ur family.

Which magazine is best fr you?

Get the mig

4
d5

Complete the definitions with these words.

content issue photojourna[iSm readership

rlr, the world's

^rost Widely read travel
",]agazine, isiS
,eaders to trl

)m

2and4

d 2and5

rd]eS

\,Jational

'|
2

and 2
d

9ift?

:lr the most distant rrs { the Wrld and Ur

-niverse with National Geographic|

)
*

'1

l Geog raph ic is
-iVrsll recognised for its
^ gh quality. With informative
articles d some of the best
:hotojournalism you will ever
acme across, the magazine
^aS massive readership
rud the woid.
'

'1

Which magazines r not aimed specifically at

GEOGRAPHIC

11agazine: lnspiring people

: r about the planet
: 188,

4
d5

Which magazine has articles about srt?

r year,

li iS published i 12
languages in 21 countries.

issue readers enjoy:

lnterviews with explorers
FamilyJriendly destinationS
Food fm around the globe

5upptement

single of magazine is known as

Giving the news using mainly photographs is kw

The
of magazine or
newspaper is all the topics that are included in it.

a(n)

An extra rt of magazine that is produced

separately is called ()
The umr of l who regularly buy magazine
is known as the

n every

9
)
*

ur bags and truly ri the world's

.]nique destinationsl

More and mr people r reading e-books and

li wsrs. Do you think th day will come
wh we |onger have rit media? Are there
advantageS to thi5?
97

Vlr

Circle the odd ones out.

1
2

4
5

title
reporter

advetisement

critic
report

sound gir

correspondent
subscription

documentary

soap r

headline
host
mrm

preSenter

rtil

circle the rrt words.

1 l get my daily r at the newsagent'S / lth m Street.
2 hr are srl types of media / press, including wsrs, TV and the lnternet.
Wh l'm watching football, l usually turn down the volume s the sts mmtr
4
5
6

drives me mad!

/ riw

There were ws {lashes / strikes every hur after the attack.

Statistics / l\4easurements shW that mr l r getting thir news li these days.
According to sales quantities / figures, many local newspapers may forced out of business.

Complete the text using these words.

adaptation author columniSt edito pieceS

m best {riend
John Grg had had interesting and varied
career as journalist before h turned to writing
books and became hugely successful, sel{employed (1)
. had done
evervthino {rom oolice (2)
which involved writing about im5 committed
Lo being regu,ar ()
writin9 for several newspapers.
The thing that John often Wt about in
his lms was his pet Labrado1 Marley, ui
reaction to theSe (4)
idil and many rdrs wrote in asking
fr mr of the same, r th t decade,

Grogan wrote weekiy lum about his

naughty, but r loveable golden Ldr.
whose adventures wr followed thousands
of readers.
After Marley's death, Jh decided that he
wanted to go one step further: h wrote book
about his pet and Sent it to the well-known
book (5)
rllis. h (6)
who rd it loved it, the manuscipt was
accepted d th book came out in (7)
in tr 2005. lt was huge success, appearing at
the top of the lsts]lr lists f m weeks. l 2008, film (8)
of the novel was made to the
delight of the m rl fans rud the world.

98

Do you agree with these statements? Discuss your answers with rtr.

.
.
.

picture speaks thousand words.

Watching TV is always waste of time.
Don't believe everything you d.

Passive Voice: Tenses

The Passive Voice: Gerunds, lnfinitives &

Modal Vrs

Read the sentences d notice the changes that

occur. Then. answer the questions below.

Read the irs of sentences and notice

the changes.

Active:

The presenter interviewed the actress.

Passive: h actress was interviewed the presenter.

Who is the ob.ject ofthe active sentence?

Who

is

Acive:

Children love their parents taking them

to the cinema.
Passive: Children love being taken to the cinema
their parents.
Active; When are you supposed to write the lm?
Passive: When is the lm supposed to written?
Active: Tom must the newspaper subscription,
Passive: The newspaper subscription must paid

the subject i the passive sentence?

what

is the verb i the active sentence and which

tense is it i?

Tom.

What is the auxiliary verb in the passive st

and whih tense is it i?

Complete the rules.

We form th passive of gerund with

+ past participle. We frm the passive of full infinitive
+ past participle. We form the
with to +
passive of modal with the modal +
+ past participle.

What form { the verb interyiew is in the passive

st?

Complete the rules.

Read 8.r-8.2 oftfie Grammar Reference page 171

before you do the tasks.

We frm the passive voice using the auxiliary

verb
in the correct tense and
{ the main verb. h
the past
of the active sentence becomes the
subject of the Pa55ive sentence.

Complete the Sentences With the correct form { the passive voice and the verbs in brackets.

(take) at the Nature Preserve in rl Shores, lndiana.

2 This photo
,t

(test) the sound gir now.

The equipment

4 The article needs

event must
The winner of the gm show
5

7
8

(make) with ld r.

These days, m books

(edit) a9ain.
(r) in tomorrow's newspaper.

(9ive)the prize

next Week.
wanted his photos

(exhibit) i Paris.
(feature)

The economic crisis

the front page of h Times tomorrow.

Rewrite the sentences in r notebooks using the

passive voice. Start with th words in bold.

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

The

W hl will oadcast the programme

tomorrow ig.

lVlany l watch Oprah Winfrey's chat show

every day.

They should us better quality r for newspapers.

This mrm has filmed m episodes of Days of
r Lives.
The teacber gives the schoolchildren lot of homework.
lVla ny ,jou rna

lists r covering th natural disaster.

The presenter will have asked the contestant twenty

questions the end of the quiz.
h weatherman had frst the heavy snow {r
the drop in tmtur.

,-

L\st\q

Look at the picturs below and write down three

things that are the same in all pictures and three
things that are not the same in all Pictures.

('You will hear eight short conversations. After

hr h conversation you will asked questioabout what you h heard. The answers are showas pictures. Circle , or .

\:/

Things that r the same in all pictures:

Things that are not the Same in ll pictures:

w look at the pictures in again and listen

to the dialogue. Tick the correc answer to the
question you hear.

Lls-U
Listen rflI becau5e the itUr5
&
t
Won't always in the rdr that l
hr them mentioned.

z'

2'

3:
5.

,|

DvD!

>k|qq
i
er yoU
]5ti
ShW

.
.
.
.

HoW often do you watch the news TV? HoW imtt is it for to keep up with current events?
What form(s) of media do you rfr to use to keep up-to-date with news and events?
r you interested in the private lives of celeities? ls this more important r interestin9 to than world news?
Do you think thr r rlms with the way some people who work in the media behave?

Lls-U

Look at the features below and decide if they are more likely
to occur television, in wsr or both. Write for
television, N for newspaper and for both.

]
2

4
5

Work with partner and answer these questions.

advertisement
weather forecast
letters 9
Sports news

world news

L]

6
7
8
9
10

live music
intervieW

hrss
V guide

celeity gossip

Wh U? having discussion, it
i5 polite to show the other r5

t]

lhal you are inl,erested in What

he

or She i5 Saying. 5 Well as using

th Useful Expressions below, you
also make contact With the
other person and nod your head
from time to

time]

lmagine that your school is going to publish school newspaper. First, talk together t the different
topics that could included in the first issue. Then, decide which two topics would th most
interesting for students.

f,
'

@@
m]

i---}

,*;.f

fr1@

Discuss these questions with partner.

Does TV present what is rll important, or what will sell mr?

Do u think that the media cover too muh t,ad news and not ugh
good news?
What was the last news story you hrd that was good news?
Are thr certain things that journalists shouldn't rrt on? WhVh not?
l often say that no news is good ws. Do you agree?

@ ffi9 UrJ
ED @
l)|l {rssi3
showinq that you are listening

Ye5,

Ri9ht.

ht an interesting point.
l 5 What you m.
l understand What yoU're saying.
ht exactly What l Was thinking.

ri

-"flg[r

phrasal verbs

ln the following exercise, two of the options given are used with each verb to make phrasal verb.

For each question, rss out the option that cannot used with th r in bold.

]
2

tune:
pick:
ring:
bring:

in / through / out

out / up / for
in / back / lg

out / at / round

Complete the sentences with the words from .

1
2

4
5
6
7
8

Make sure you

tune

TV presenters don't

next Tuesday {r the final episode of h{

pick

tbe clothes they wear on TV Sm else does that fr them.

l rg the producer but h Wasn't there, so he's 9ig to ring me

bring
w book ab,out healthy living,

The publisher is going to

h dumt was so boring;

Someone will pick

tuned

half way thugh|

at 10 o'clock and take me to the TV studio.

to their point ofview.
l
The radio station is asking listeners to ring
i{ they want to take part in the daily quiz.
l

think most rtrs t to bring

word formation

Complete the text with the correct form of the words.

Jur*s-gr
lf you thought i9 (1)

was all about

going to red-carpet events and interviewing superstars, you'd
mistaken. lv]any trave to some ofthe most far away ts ofthe world
to keep us informed about what's happening there.

JoURNAL

These l,inds of people r (2)

called
correspondents. They rrt rtiulr suljt or country and
they include (3)
correspondents and those
who rrt wars and disasters around the world.
they rh their destination, they try to get close to the
(4)
in order to provide the TV channels d
newspapers with (5)
r video {ootage.
h r sometimes sent to r dangerous places, and that is why
ig correspondent can the most (6)
frm of journalism,
the th hand, it also { the most (7)
forms of journalism. So if you're (8)
kind of person and wt to go into journalism, maybe becoming
rSdt is just the job fr you.

USUAL

RlsK
S|SFY

DVENTURE

Read wht different people say about jobs in the media. Do you agree with
them? Discuss with partner.

12

PoLlTlc5

'1 think being correspondent would r exciting and fulfil i9 job because l'm
very adventurouS rs.'
'l think working i V would such satisfying and fun thing to do. l think it an

easy job where you lots of m.'

'l think working as journalist fr lit gossip magazine would so exciting.
lt's fascinating to know how famous l live.'

%**.
]

_"+

Passive Vi: lmpersonal & Personal Structures

We often use verbs like believe, sidr, know. expect, say, suppose and think in the
passive voice. They can used in imrsl or personal passive strtr. Read these
sentences d notice the hgs that occur. h answer the questions below.

Active:

Many l believe that the news TV is accurate.

is believed that the news TV is accurate. (This is the impersonal pasSive Structure.)

Passive: lt

1
2

Whih word is the subject of the passive verb in the second sentence?
What word follows the passive r i the second sentence?

Active:

l know that documentaries are srius r9rmms.

Passive: Documentaries are known to serious rgrmms. (This

3
4

is

the personal passive structure.)

the subject of the passive verb in the second sentence?

What verb form follows the passive r in the second sentence?

Which word

is

Complete the rules.

We form the impersonal paSsive Structure With it + passive verb +

the personal Structure With + passive verb +

+ clause.

We form

Read 8.3 of the Grammar Reference page 171 before do the task.

comPlete these Sentences using impersonal and personal structures.

People know that TV commercials influence viewers.

v commercials influence viewers.

Tv commercials

vlewer5.

l say that the new serial is great success with young people.
the w serial is grt success with
young l.

h w serial

9reat SUccess With

young l.
l think that the w radio station plays the best music in town.
the new radio tation plays the best
lt
music in town.
the best music i

The w radio station

People
-- believe that websites are
lt

9reat sur of information.

Web5ites are great SUr of

information.
WebSites

9reat source of information.

l say that taoid newspapers r full { sensational stories.

lt
tid newspapers are full of
SenSational Stories,

id newspapers

full { sensational

storieS.

l consider documentaries to educational and interesting.

docuentaries are educational and
intereStin9.
Documentaris

educational and interesting.

red fox shows interest in daily
newspaper hanging out of letter
in London morning.

10

rifl11

Editing your work

Always edit your writing carefully you have finished as
careless errors make bad impression the reader.
Wh you read back through r writing, try to find and
correct rrr in word rdr (question forms, objecs of
verbs, adverbs. inversions); spelling (homophones like see
d sea, silent letters, du letters d irregular plurals);
punctuation (apostrophes, speech marks, fuIl stops, question
marks); vocabulary (especially prepositions, collocations and
hrsl verbs); and grmmr (tenses, r forms, 9erunds
and infinitives, tils, conditionals).

Tick the correct sentences and rrt the wrong ones in your notebook.

1
2

4
5
6

Some celeities will stop at nothing to in the i .

Have you got press pass.

h rrtr Spent all night working the Story.

Why does the rstr look so seriously?
Twenty people arrested tonight following street
John is said that he is success{ul editor

Read the newspaper extract and writing task below and then answer the questions.

CITY TIMES
Celeb arrested after striking photographer
It seems soap star Yvette BarkeT cant always

handle being in the limelight. celeity was

arrested outside supermarket yesterday after
hitting photographer with healry bag. h
star protested at hr arrest saying that it was
shocking t photographers could take pictures
Without permission,

fight.

h edr'tor ofThe City Times wants to know wht readers'

opinion is of the incident. Shou/d stars h the rght to act
wh their privacy is invaded, r do the public have right tc
see how thir favour'te stars //' i real life? Write letter to
the wsr and gi 'Dr Editor,'.

1
2

What is the newspaper extract about?

Why has the newspaper ditr asked for readers' letters?
what two issues should the letter deal with?

will the letter written in an ifrml or

register? Why?

kead the model letter and {ind and correct ten errors.

De

Editor,

m WIiting ln Iespone to I leqest for ]ettels following YYette kI It arrested.

like to shaTe m views the subject,
I

woulrl

Filst ofall, it ls often aid that fans are jutified in want to lw what theil frit celeities are
like in rl life, AfteT all, fans spend lot of time and m them and ensule they stay in
ui
. As result, their is huge market fol StoIieS Ievealing th personal lifes ofthe Iilh a;d fms.

on the other hand, it is undelstandab]e that peTsonalites want their pfivacy. whether stars shld
take action t inyasions oftheiT privacy is valid quti? w their complains should
made in appTopriate way and_hurting anothel peIson is fr from acceptable, No du m
l, including fans, will puzzle rk actions,
conclude, it is trl that fans want to kw evel}thing about celebTities. mrs ofthe press
must Iepect tars wishes, though, d ask peImision to take photos, so that unfortunate incidents
avoided.
Yours faithfully,
Tony Nugent

104

formal

-ook again

Tick the things the Writer has done.

1
2

4
5
6

used the rrt register

answered the questions i the task
expressed his ideas i illogical order

stated his ii lrl in the conclusion

used the passive voice to sound more objective
used appropriate greeting and signing off

t]

t]

i circle the correct Words to comPlete the rgrh plan for the model |etter.
r 1: State the rs for writing / your opinion.
Para 2: Dicuss Whether fans / stars have the right to Iearn about famous l private lives.
r i Discuss whether fans / stars have the right to take action when their privacy is invaded,
r 4: Sum up / ltdu and state your opinion.

Use appropriate word or phrase from the Usaful Expressions to complete

the sentences. Sometimes more than one answer is ssi.
du, bigger rise will follow next year.

question.

2 Whthr you have right to print gossip is ()

Said that newspapers r thing of the past.

4 lf it
5

lt

i5

Mr Jones, Grant would not have job.

say that ll journalists are highly paid.

Lls-U
ln formal Writing, u5e

the

passive voice to make your

Writing more formal and to
present your ideas in more

objectiVe Way. careful to

Use the appropriate verb
form and tense for the
subject, the auxiliary r ]
d the past participle.
. ._.. .,. _.__.__,,..,..l
:

Over to you!

:r5'
)

act

Read the newspaper extract and writing task below and make rgrh plan for your letter. Remember
to check your work carefully for errors when you h finished.

ight to
:er

to

ttes?

CITYTIMES

Shock at newsreader's massive rise

newsreader Mary McGuire found herself in

the news today as huge row k out following

the announcement ofher annual rise. Mccuire
iS set to take hm eathtaking $2.5 million
this year Some say that the rise iS completely
ut given the current economic crisis.

h editor ofThe City Times wants to know what

rdrs'ii is of this issue. Wh do some TV
persona/ities receive such /arge sa/aries, and is it ufir
to thr hard-working /? l'y'rite /etter to the
wsr and gi 'Dr dit'. ('120-']80 words)

|utl {,\rss\s
Presentinq argument5 in imper5onalWay
lt iS natural/shocking/understandable/
unfair that/to ...

... islare reported/said to ...

lt is often reported/said that ...

No doubtVithout doubt ...

lt cannot denied that...
... i5

valid question/point

justified in

h fact ofthe matter is ...

lf it Was not for ..., ... Would (not) ...
lt WoUld Seem/appear that ..,

105

Before you watch

How mh do you know about films? Look at the statements below and write
for true or F for false.

1
2

h Academy Awards@, known as the ss@, have presented ull

since 1 927 the Academy { Motion itur Arts and Sciences. !

Chadie Chaplin was American and h was r i 1900.

h first films with sound were called ta/kies. h fist documentaries wr called actua/ity films-

While you watch

Watch the DVD and circle th words you hear.

1
2
3
4
5

ln the '] 9' tur, inventors learnt that they could rt moving images showing series / succession of
pictures very quickly.

People could bill / fee to iook into the mhi and watch simple movies.
crowds of l went to see their productions / films, and new 'movie palaces'were built to show them i.
Atthe giig o{the 20' century, film / movie dirtrs beganto record r happeningsand imtt events
Actors, lighting, and computer simulation / animation r now used to teach us about the real wor]d,

After you watch

Complete th summary of the DVD below using these words.

Wr begin depicting ri followed globe medium Sris Sophisticated

Fr mr than hundred rs, film has of the world's favourite kinds of
entetainment. Films let us (1)
adventures in faraway places and see
things we have r seen before. ln the late 19'h century, inventors produced machine

caJled kinetoscope. This showed a(n) (2)

of images very quickly. {tr
paying fee, l could look into the kinetoscope and watch the {irst kinds of film.

The kinetoscope was soon (3)

the film pro,iecto.. r,jtrs were
used in the world's first cinemas. The first films wr based the simple excitement
of (4)
movement. The subjects were simple, f example moving
trains. wr, {ilms soon became mr (5)
and complex.
th 1920s there were m studios producing films, and film 5trs, including Charlie
Chaplin and ry Pickford, became famous (6)
Early films also provided different kind of service, d simple entertainment.

Documentary film makers made films about th news, about historical events, about
presidents and explorers. These rl documentaries helped make l
(7)
of their world. h informed them of things hig
around the (8)
l th days before television thi5 was very
important and it meant that film was used as () (9)
for
liig the world. lt offered l different view of their hm planet.
l l hundred years, film and documentary making have changed dramatically.
We l (10)
to imagine what the future of film
making holds for future generations.

Actors and rw shoot

scene for film in

l{ you could make documentary film, what subject

would you choose?
What do you think has been the most important fi]m

i history? Why?

106

Mexico city in 1951.

Discuss these questions with rtr.

Units 7 & 8

Match.

]
2

4
5
6
7
8
9

10

sports
news
sales

li
flash
Richter
hi!

fault

forest

]
]

f
f
L

flash
scale
uti
d gir
r9r
f stone
g line
h mmtr
iflood
j figures

circIe the correct words.

]
2

4
5
6
7
8

sud

Apparent , it quite calm i the of / frm the hurri.

h rrsdt realised h was at / in deep water when he heard the bomb explode.
The writer was snowed udr / over with the film adaptation he had to do.
She walks ud with her head up / in the clouds and doesn't realise what's happening rud h.

When is the publisher going to ig out / the new book?

Peter is r down to / at earth d realistic aiout everythin9.
l

tuned udr / ut half way thrugh the conversation because it was so ig.

We went to pick out / up the hildr frm school fr the strm sttd.

Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in bold.
1

They talked to the

Shl we get

and he's gd to host the show. PRESENT

for this weekly newspaper? SUBSCRlBE

Doctors without Borders

is ()

that hls l in areas where

oRGANlsE

natu.a1 di5asters have happened.

and likes to chase tornados across the tr. ADVENTURE

He's extremely

forces of tr, DESTROY

An ea,tnquake is [ lh rs
6

waves tre extremely powerful. TIDE

frm ml thunderstorms? DIFFER

How ate hurricanes

lS it

in the newspaper? ADVERT|SE

expensive to put ()

Complete the sentences using these words.

aftershock b[izzard cruSt landslide magnitude tornado Wildfie

huge
rth's

h was

after the main eathquake.

is moving all the time,

The earthquake rhd ()

4
6
7

Heavy rains caused {loods and

a(n)

of 7.2, so it was huge.

i the area which covered the village.

resulted in metre of snow and damage to many houses in the town.

()

destroyed whole city as it w through it.

burnt huge expanses of{orest last Summer.

17

Units7 &

complete the sentences with the gerund r the rrt form of the infinitive. use the verbs in brackets.
1

ls it worth

2 h journa ist was made

we had better
4 John
5

6
7

suggested

(swr) questions about his video the loca police officer

(dr in) and see if Grandma is better.

(issue) bad-weather warning but his colleagues disagreed.

Will the uishr let us

Luckily, Susan rrmrd

would like
Are you tough enough

(talk) to hr? She is stubborn and won't change hr mind.

(print) the article in the college newspaper?

(tune i) and listen to hr favourite radio programrne,
(write) book about his hometown some day.
(get) close to the action?

circle the correct words.

kilatrea vi
lVany is ands have made volcanoes and (1) the most / the more often they rut, the
more the islands grw in sizel lceland d Hawaii r some examples { (2) so / such amazing
thing. h islands of Hawaii rose out of the sea as result of volcanic activity on the ocean {lr,

The(3)lar9est/ gr island - Hawaii consists of five

volcan oes, of the ls on the

is]and, Mt Kilauea, is still active and is the (4) mr / most active Vl earth. Since ']954
there have 34 eruptions, and since January 198, volcanic activity has continUous.

This volcano is (5) so / such easy to rh that the HaWaii Volcano Observatory actually ,g
doing rsrh right the mountain. lt is also safe (6) too / ugh for v;sitors to climb and
for this reason it is the (7) most / too visited l in the world. The summit of the volcano is
high because eruptions h more frequently there than at thr locations on the vo]cano.
The future of Ki]auea looks like the past. h mr eruptions, the (8) hi9hest / higher the
volcano will go.

complete the second sentence' so that th have similar meaning to the first sentences.
use th words in bold.

hls Richter invented the Richter scale in 195.

h Richter scale

in '195.

co]umnists hate their editors telling them what to write.

told
columnists hate
Wh is lVark s article supposed to Written?

to
when is lvark

What to Write their editors.

his article?

h should issue tornado wri9,

tornado warning
h will have done th filming this evening.

will
h filming

108

this evening.

&t
article, missing sentences
Work-related Words, coIlocationS & expressions, PrepositionS
reported speech: statements, questionS, commands and requests, reporting verbs
multiple matching
talking about work, comparing photographs, considering alternatives
rrt, presenting factal information

.:

,1

d\q

Describe the folIowing jobs using these adjectives or

any.otheTs you can think of. Would you like to do

of the jobs?

.
.
.
.

rig dead-end exciting exhaUSting manuat

rwrdig stressfut wett-paid

.
.

doctor
factory worker

journalist
nurse

office worker

photographer
Sales assistant

teacher

Work i pairs. Think of job and get your partner to

ask questions to find out which job it is. You r only
allowed to answer ys or No.

Read the article t ihl yamashita.

which sentence best describes Michael's
attitude toward his job?

arrest: to make
noti

lt is Stressful most of the tir,

Ceographic gzi, In 1999, assignment fol seIies of

aTtic]es on PoIo took him fm Venice thTough ITaq
and Afghar-ristan to the iS]ands of Southeast Asia. His otheT

assignrnents have included travelling the length of the GTeat Wall

of ( hina and through lapan,
rt*,il phologr.rpher
Yamashita says, it's iinPoltant to 'in th Tight
J to gei
the ight subject at the right time.' 1
'PTofessionai
h(grhr" ; r paid lo Illcl r ]' he t,,

Michael m paid to luk these days, but he hasTl't spent

the hole ot bi" rr . htghr, l a*ked hlm h lle

had ( inlere,ted in photograplhl in lh il,t
Placc, l5l
four, rs i J in the eaTly '70s, and t, of those
rs I
was teachlng,'he rcplied. 'lrr M,as huge demand in
]apan
for Englisfu' he says. 'And it was
8Ieat job. But the Teal reasorr
l.,v!,as thele \,\,aS to
8et in touch ,ith m Ioots, GI,i8 uP in
the United States n,ith JaPanese name and face, I r ieally

[eIt l00 rtt mri,

in the States, I decidecl to go
of living theTe.'

frmig: where the

htgrh sets the
rdr' of ht9rh

thinks it well-paid.

Michael Yamashita has combined his two passiorrs of photogTaphy

and travel for r 25 yeaTs as photogfaPher. fo Nriorr1

5, It.lUd) in8 11itt

-ri

tJj and have

So did Michael buy his first mr while i

japan?'I did,'

he says. 'Like l amateul, I bought mr to basically

rrd tr hal l s .eein8 .rnd doing, to d
PiclUret k to
family and fTiends. I spent sm time leaTning about it, and
I iu<l got r.lll 5d |h wholc
t
r,,,
,) piclures got llr. PeoPle told me l,bouId.ho* ihern
to otheI Photographers,' he explained. Eventrrally, h met
agent and decided he Wanted to ]] pTofessional, and he
hasn't looked back since.

110

'omebody
d

'mthig
attetion
to it

finds ;t exciting.

So r,\at iS the SIt to Michael's success? I was cuTiou.

to knor,v what he thought made good photogTaph.
'In the case of Nfiollal GeogTaphic Mag:ilzc,, I like to
cail thern 'page stoppers', The1, picttrres ,ith such
gleat visua1 impact that the vieWeI has to StoP tulnin8
the pages. Yu'r alTTestcc1 the h.dil]& th; t8ht,

tlur,the,ubjecl,al)d)ou\tarl.atit,
me, thal i\ ideaI piclurc.'

Fr

I asked him which photos frm his car.eer he was

paTticulaTly fond of. 'one time I WaS in little village
in Tajikistan, waiting to Shoot somethi1-1g at sunTise foT
aTticle or,] Polo,'he said. .I was wancter.ing
about with nobody ar.ound when I saw kid l,alkiig
d, the Toad, h, more kids joined him. , 5
1 lh lh*u rr* ritigbehirld m, lt \.l5 c\tremel\
bright, .rnd foctr.ed th, kids, lr \ ou ||. al lhat
ilu, th shadow i5 righl behind lhm, ht m,
that they cal']'t see m s I'm irr the glaTe of the
Sun. So, I got vely tull ituI of Lhem preparing
foT schoo] in incTedible light,'

so what drives Michael to achieve excellerrce in his

fie]d? told m that thele Wasn't much economic
motivation gi the difficulty in selling itrs, so I
asked him what he thought it took to m glt
pho]ographer 'What it takes is basically passion-.
6l
Especlally today, witb competition being rl,,hat
it is, to stlccess you really have to eat and drink
photography. It's passion that drives u folward,'And
if there's one thing that Michael Yamashita certainly
hs. it's *<i lor hi. art.

grl,.-

Six sentences have been removed from the text. choose from the

sentences A-G the whih fits h gap (1-6). Tbere is one extra
Sentence whih you do not need to use.

F
G

Then, u'r like to rd th captions and drawn into reading the who story.
BUt sometimes good fortune can play important rl.

lfollowed them, and they ended up

Wh you have decided

Which misSing Sentence fitS
in 9, read the paragraph
again inclUdjng the miSSing
5_ontence to make sur that it

i this schoolyard,

h mr l got into photography, the mr l loved it.

But h was r di material gi,
You have to really obsessed your rft.
We were the only Asian family i the town whr l lived.

j et the meaning

Lls-U

Replace the words and phrases in bold with others from the text that h the same meaning.

1
2
3
4
5
6

had job photographing the Great Wall of China, (para

Michael Yamashita isn't an amateur photographer. (para

'1)

1)

is crazy about htgrh, (r )

htgrhr needs 9ood representative, ( )
This picture that l am really taken with. (r 5)
His reason for doing it iS that h oves it, (r 6)

Do you think it's impotant to passionate about ur job?

t from being passionate about ur job is there anything else mr impotant?
What sort { jobs could you feel passionate about?

aL1l'l o1,1:

ih

,to
h

sLl
i],

itlg

ilt, tbc

l]1.1ge

lsc'for
-in g

iking

::,emc]r
:h t
:

lhc

..]

rir,]g

]iS

lic
.,soI
: t

q rr,hat
;l<

.'.,' Anc]

]r.

;;

Yamashita is particu|arly
fond of this photo
of group of Tajik
schoolchildren preparin9
for shl.

YVlr
circle the correct words.
1 Please welcome ur main spokesman / speaker for tonight's business meeting, Ms Sheila Grant.
2 h general mgr used the mis of m car as () i / incentive to his sales team.
3 oh, did ltell you that one of the b,onuses / perks of the job is ur own parking space?
4 l most Western countries, wrkrs receive si / benefit when they h certain age.
5 Graham was retired / fired fr constantly coming in late.

Match h sentence 1-6 with the sentence that logically follows

1
2

4
5
6

wouldn't advise you to take that

high-riskjob.

Before we consider you for the job. we'll need two references.
l b,elieve l am sit candidate for the position.
Let me introduce you to of m
She realiy wants the position.

colleagues.

Hundreds of workers were made redundant last

month.

a_f.

*t{

The m simply had no work fr them to do.

l have diploma i social wrk as well aS three years' ri.
You could seriously injured, and whr would that leave your family?
r and l have working together for years now.
lt everything she's r wanted in job: travel, m and glamour
rhs you could get them frm your previous employers.

choose the correct answers.

hi wanted
Tom Stephens had l working at the mine
for four months when the i told the wrkrs
they wr going (1) indefinitely, Poor
working conditions and very low weekly (2)
wr what had led the i leader to make his
decision. Tom had (3) f rl r
before h got this,job. Now once 9i he was in
ditficult situation as there would util
the strike ended. How would h st his wife
and children? Never to give up, however, m
g shig the r employment section
every morning for (4)
while h came across countless adverts for
(5) wrk, it seemed paying jobs were bit
hrd to come . h day, when he had
just about given up h, he spotted advert in
the local r for mechanic, Despite having
skills i this profession, Tom went down to the
(6) 9 to l for the job. his suprise,
he received call few days later inviting him
for () (7) . Tom and the g9 owne1 Doug
Brown, hit it off immediately. After telling Tom that
there was always room {or (8) in his garage,
Doug ffrd him the job. Tom gladly accepted.

112

1
2
3
4
5

7
8
D

walk out
Wa9eS

uwrk
works

hlr
employment
application
hard workers

strike
salaries

unemployed
spaces
assistant
hiring
interview
works

revolt
incomes

unoccupied
vacancies

volunteer
work
qUestioning
work force

Do you agree with these statements? Compare your

answers with partner's.

'll wrk and l, makes Jack dull .'

(Anonymous)
', for the sake of getting living, forget to live.'
(rgrt Fullr)
'Nothing will work unless you do.'(Mlaya Angelou)
'Choose job you love, and you will never have to work
day in your life,'(Confucius)

Reported Speech: Statements

When we report speech we usually move the tense

back into the past. Complete the t.

hg the direct speech into reported

speech.

carefull

Verbs in the Past rf Simple and Past Perfect Continuous

and the modal verbs would cou/d and mght do not hg in
rrtd speech.

Rd Speech: Changes i time and place

We also usually hg words that show time and

l. Complete the t.

' sister Wants to hire htgrhr for

hr weddin9,' she told hr friend.
she told hr friend
'We've decided to apply for jobs abroad,'
the couple said.
The couple said

'She was working as nurse when l met her,'

John said.
John said
'Why was fired?' l asked.
l asked
'h employees are expecting rise
next month,' he said.
said

'When is this m going to hire mr

l?' he asked.
asked

7
rfl!
t from the hgs in tenses and Words that show time and place,
we also hg pronouns and possessive adjectives if necessary.
5

pied

Rd Speech: Ouestions

Look at how these questions are reported and notice

what changes occur.

l9

'Does he r good salary?' l asked.

l asked iflwhether he rd good salary.

eS

your

'Why did you leave your,job?' h asked m.

asked me wh l had left my job.

Complete the rules.

work

1
2

Read 9.1-9, of th Grammar Reference pages 172-17 before

'Mr Wilson m promoted this mth.'

colleague told me.

Find the mistakes i the reported speech

and th rewrite the st5 correctly
i your notebook.

you do the ta5k5.

qualifi cations?' asked the businessman,

The businessman asked

colleague told me

We usually use the verb

to rrt questions. lf
question begins with question word, then we use it i the
rrtd question. lf question doesn't have question word, we
r
in the rtd question. The
use _
wrd rdr changes when we report question.

'Does this m have the right

4
5

asked when had he appiied fr that job.

The direcor said that the m had

done well this year.
Tom told us that his parents had retired
two yearS ago.

We asked John if he will get the job.

She said me the wages had paid the
previous day.
l

asked where Jane can .

11

Lis*c

\1

Lls-U

choose the correct answers.

1
2

LiSten out for'red herrings'

thin95 that can mislead yoU
into thinking something is

lf someone says, ' job is not exactly exciting', they m it's

quite

rig

very exciting

lf sm says, ' job is very rewarding', they mean

get satisfaction frm it
r well paid
l{

lf

they

true Wh it i5n't, SpeakerS

.

someone says, 'l'm passionate about my work', they mean they

love

theirjob

hate thir.j

often Say 50mething ne9ati,,:

and 50methin9 positive in
the 5ame sentence, so listen
carefully fr the rll
meaning ofWhat they 5,

someone says, 'l only wrk because it's ssr', they mean they

wrk

choose to

h to work

lf someone says, '|'d rather have dgrus job than rig '. they mean they rf

to take

risks

to bored

(' Lirt"n to these speakers and circle

1 The speaker rs iot { m.
The speaker doesn't r lot

or depending which sentences are correct.

{ m.

The speaker thought the course was useful,

The speaker didn't like his previous collea9ues,

The speaker was lki9 frwrd to the course.

The speaker didn't think the urs was useful.

The speaker iked his previous colleagues.

The speaker wasn't looking forward to the course.

h speaker thinks she'll find similar job in the ftr.

similar job in the future.
The speaker learnt lot
The speaker didn't lr lot,

The speaker doesn't think she'll find

('

Yu'lt hr five people talking about their jobs. Fr questions ] -5, choose frm the list -F how h perso.
feels about their,iob. Use the letters only once. There is extra letter which you do not need to s.

1
2

4
5

Sk
Speaker
Speaker
Speaker

Speaker

1
2 t]
t]
4
|

Regrets rr choices made earlier in life

l works us it 55r
Has the career that h/sh had always wanted
Doesn't need m, but works out of choice
.i5 his/herjob us it is helping thrs

rfrs to bored at wk than to take risks

9k\1

]95'-

Work with partner and answer these questions.

.
.
.

what job would you like to h in the futr?

lf you had to hs between satisfying ,job and well-paid , which would you choose?
Would you like to do some volunteer work? lf so, where?

gi5

Look at the list of aspects of job. Decide if th are advantages

or disadvanta9es. Write (advanta9es) or D (disadvantages).

(5

Igative
) in

1
2

isten

stressful

well-paid
exhausting
rwrdig

5 disappointing
6 tiring

/ Satlstyln9
8 boring
t]

Lls-U
Don't ju5t give -Wd

anSWer5. AnSWer the questionS

giving reaSons and expanding
on your ideas. make the
diScU55ion m natural, uS

expression5 to 9ive yourself time

Work with partner and answer the questions about th photographs.

of you should Student and th other should Student .
Remember to use the Useful Expressions.

to thik.

student : mr photos 1 and 2 and say how u think the l r feeling,

student : lf you had to choose between working in business r in the medical field, which
would you rthr do? Why?

Student
Student

:
:

mr photos and 4 and say how these people's jobrs r different.

lf you had to choose b,etween working in mutr sciences r in teaching, which
would you rthr do? Why?

,.,.
\t

Discuss these questions with partner.

Us|l rssrs
considering alternatives
on the hand, ... .
the other hand,... .
Although it true that .,.,
you could also say,,. ,
Some might say ..., but

job that was dangerous or rig?

What r some jobs that think would {un?
othersthink....
ls ri r education mr important when lig {r new job?
Do you believe that some,jobs r suitae l for m and some l for women?
Why? Justi{y your answer with examples and reasons,

Would you rthr have

115

Collocations & Expressions

choose the correct answers.

1
2

you work shifts, you work

part-time
either during the day r night

lf

When m lays off workers, it

makes staff redundant

hires more staff

When companies lh new product, they

withdraw new product from the market

make new product available to the public

you reject an offer, you

decide the offer isn't imtt 9h fr U
to sid
decide to accept it because it's good offer
lf

lf

you need Lo take staff, you

need more staff to complete the work you have
need fewer staff to complete the wrk you have

Prepositions

When you get the sack, you

r told you've got promotion
r told to leave ur,job

Complete the sentences with the prepositions.

Some prepositions used more than once.

at f in of to With
we must find solution
the staffino
ll costs.
m
You can't blame me
the m
being
d.
Sll reaction
the redundancies
took me
surprise

comPlete the sentenceS usin9 the collocations

and expressions from in the rrt form.

1
2
3
4
5

John will

about

if h keeps on

being late every day.

When companies
always hope it will sell well.

they

We despeately need to
if we're going to meet these deadlines.

h m will id you
special ui{rm.

The lrgst factory in the area i5 9ig to

_
half its employees!

Never
thought it through rrl.

He's been

until you have

- sometimes h
works from '] 0 pm to am, and sometimes from

to

out

work {r rs.
fact, h hs't had job since 2005,
my ii, l who don't get

work

time don't r

their job.

amto2pm.

behalf of my colleagues, l would like

to congratulate u

__

mana9er.

r promotion

You must try hrd if you want to succeed

rhi the too
your hs careel

Do you agree with these statements? Compare

your answers with rtr.

,
t

.
.

lt i5 r important to do mkt rsrh fr

launching new product. Otherwise it might

t sell.
l

don'tbelieveyou should getthe sackjustfor

being late.

|t's

not biq dea|, is it?

lf rs works th night shift it Will atfect

his/her health eventually.

Repoed Speech: Commands

& Requests
Read ths sts and notice

Reported Speech: Rig Verbs

what changes r in the repoed

sentence.
'Don't late for work!' his boss said.
His boss told him not to late for work.

'l give you my word that l will help you,' she said.
She promised to help me.

'Fill in your details on this form, please,'

the interviewer said.
The interviewer asked me to fill in m
details on the frm.

Complete the rules.

We change the imperative in commands

d qSts to
in rrtd speech, We usually use
aS

the reporting

r fr commands and we usually use

as the reporting

for requests.

verb

careful!
Remember that ll other changeS that ur
Wh reporting statements also apply for
commands and requests.

)s.
.

rffing
l

d like
ti

)r

_,ct

'l won't accept that job ffr,' he said.

to accept th job ffr.

'You should apply for the job,' h said.

me to apply for the job.

rfl!

h rrtig verbs advise and refuse are followed infinitive. other

reporting rs r followed gerund.
'l didn't steal the money,'the young m said.
h young m denied stealing the m.
Read 9,4-9.5 of Grammar Reference page ?73 before you do tlre

task.

an advetforthejobvacancy"

shesaid.

Sh told me

'Please time for u meeting this ftr,' he said.

asked me
'Don't waste time sur{ing the Net during wrk hours,'the m9r said.
The manager told us

'Get in touch with the sales department for in{orrnation,' the shop assistant said.
The shop aSSistant told me

'Please make appointment with the mgr

if

you want to see him,' she told m.

Change the direct speech into reported speech u5ing these reporting verbs.

)r

Complete these sentences with advbed or refused.

she asked me

'Make effort to finish the rt tomorrow,' he said.

told us

2'Don't{orgetto l

get

She said she gave m hr word that she would help me.

D hg the direct speech into rrtd speech.

1005.

Tell, say and ask are the most mm reporting verbs.

However, there are other reporting verbs that we use to
report what someone says mr accurately. Read the example
of direct speech and then tick which reported st sounds
better. Why?

advised apologised denied offered reminded suggested

'l didn't make mistake in the rt,' the utt said.
h utt
'Remember to lock the door before going home,' he told me.

'Let'S promote

[v]rS

Jennings to mgr,' said the director.

h director
'Shall lcali the applicant?' the secretary asked.
h secrtarv
'l'm so sorry that l'm late for work again|' she said.
She
'You should get rfr {rm your last employe1' she said to hr thr.

She

117

rrfl11

Presenting factual information

When you wit rrt, you have to present factual
in{ormation in clear way with appropriate headings d
clearly stated aim. You usually have to discuss your observations
about what has already hd and make recommendations
for future action. As the report should written in formal
register, you should try to present ur ideas as objectively
as ssi without exag9eratin9 r being too critical or
enthusiastic. You should also avoid rsl, colloquial lgg
and use lrml StrucLures like th passive voice.

Write for heading, for observation or R for recommendation.

1
2
3
4
5
6

lt was felt that reduction in working hurs was necessary.

The standard of training was r ow.

Working conditions

solution would to take on extra staff.

ll employees shouid ri increase in salary.
solutions and recommendations

tj

.l

Read the writino task below and underline the key words. How m things are you asked to do in the
task? What are they?
Yu hd temporary position as teaching assistant i rimr school as part of
ur college studies. Yur college
teacher has asked u to writ rt r ri focuslng hea/th adsafety mrs because umr
accidents hd during your time thr, Sh has a/so asked you to suggest some so/utions. ('1 20-1 80 words)

Read the model r and circle the most aPProPriate words. h t these headings in the correct
|.

lntoduction Recommendations fr ft action Grt organisation Supervision of

Health & Safety at Barnsley Primary chool

The aim of this report is to say what (1) was wrong with / l didn't ]ike about
health and safety issues while l was working 5 teaching assistant at
rsl Primary School,
h most (2) serious rm with / horrible thing about health d sa{ety
was the lack of supervision of pupils. Fr instance, during ks teachers
() wr rarely duty / r hung out in the playground. consequently,
fights and accidents often happened,
(4) Furthrmr, / d thr thing, the shl day-to day running caused
r. Fr example, the building was cleaned just before school g.
As result, four pupils and two teachers hd serious accidents because they
slipped wet floors. Also. the shl gates were left ulkd
so that (5) anybody could walk in / outsiders d tr the schoo ,

.'
i
]

l conclusion. safer environment for pupils and staff is r imtt. Two

or three thrs should supervise pupils i the playground during ks.
Similarly (6) the gates shou d locked / someone shu d ock the gates
every morning. Fill, general cleaning should done after school hours
to rt accidents.
1,18

cok again

Read the model report again and write (true) or F (false).

]
2

4
5

The aim of the report is not ll stated.

The rrt covers all parts { the task.
Two rgrhs have , Used for ob,Servations
Similar ideas are dealt With together.

h conclusion includes several rmmdtis.

Discuss the most serious

issue.

rt.
issue.

State the purpose ofthe

Discuss thr

iS

the money an ml gets r mth.

is short rest during working hours.

4
q

iS

the en,ioyment person gets out of his r her rr.

i5

the time U spend at work.

is something you receive in addition to your wages r slr.

r times which something must done.

Cver to you

lIace.

t]

Sum up the main points and make some suggestions.

9
lber of

Complete the definitions with some of the Useful Expressions.

2

Write the correct paragraph mr from th model report next to these descriptions.

,]

Read th writing task below and make paragraph

| for your report. Remember to present r
information in clear way and to use headings.
Yu had surnrner job i cafeteria, which you didn't /ike
at //. h rgr has asked you to write report ut
what cou/d d to make it better piace to Work
('120-180 words)
'.

U|l (r5s\5
Recommending and 5uggesting
l

5uggest/recommend that ...

one solution Would to ...

lt Wuld good idea to ...

Work and working conditions

bad/good atm05phere
benefit5/perk5
bonuSes
breaks

deadlines

facilitie5
job satisfaction

relation5h jp5 With colleagUeS

salary
Working environment
Working hrs

L|s-U
When Writing report, u5 fml linking Words
and hr55 to t Ur idea5, Furthermore, /
qddition, what is more d Moreover dd information.
5 result, consequently andTherefore
result.
'hw
Onthe other hd, However, lthgh andThough
introduce an opposite idea. Fr5td For mI
and such 5 itdu examples ofa previou5 idea,
Finally,ln lusi, lud d sum up rig
the report to end.

Before you watch

Discuss these questions.

.
.
.

Look at the photo of rk Thiessen. is wildfire htgrhr, Can you guess

what wildfire htgrhr does and describe it?
What do u think are th good and bad points of Mark's.job?
What kinds of skills does good htgrhr need?

Whil you watch

watch the DvD and decide

1
2
3
4
5
6

i{

these statements are true or false. write for true and F for false.

animals.

A'fire whirl' occurs wh some ofthe flames start twistin9 together. creating fire tornado, !
rk goal is to htgrh the l who have the tough responsibility of fighting fis.
rk thinks that the sight of trees damaged fire can tre quite beautiful, almost magical.
Every time h finishes taking photog raphs { fire, he{eelstiredand really depressed.

Nationa/ Geographic photographer, Mark Thiessen, gts to htgrh wild

Every summer rk drives east to photograph

wildfires.

After you watch

Complete the summary ofthe DVD below using these words.

majoity ti r opportun!ty

Mark Thiessen is Nationa/ Geographic

photoqrapher. h (1)

of his pictures are of things Iike dinosaur

bones or l, but during the summe1 h
ht9rhs forest fires. drives quickly
frm l to l, interviewing firefighters
and taking pictures. Wildfires frequently
(2)
in the USA during the
summer, and they r (3)
fr l being injured or losing their homes.
Mark had kw h wanted to
htgrhr r since h was child.
Used to liSten to police radio messages at night
and whr he heard of fire, he would wake
his mum and they would (4)
to see it. of the rss wh l\4ark is
so interested in fires is because they are
unpredictable. thinks that makes them interesting, but also absolutely (5)

li

rk also has second (6)

he is () (7)
and wildland
firefighter too - the rft mix f being wildfire photographer. When Mark is with the firefighters,
he {eels rt of team, team that does very (8)
job. Being r fst fires
gives him the (9)
to take the best photographs. Even though Mark knows that fires
have the ('l0)
to destroy lot of iand, he is amazed their beauty.

Discuss these questions with partner.

.
.
.

Some people risk their lives to make living? Would you? Why?y'y'hy t?
Does it take special type { rs to do dangerous job?
Being wildfire photographer is dangerous job. What other dangerous jobs you think of?

]id]ig:
i;; i 1l:

!] (:]a;]][_'lij

,i,"a,-ltT,ai,"
.i..si::]

;l g.::

5nea i:iig:
'il,i . ii

il,|i

article, muItiple-choice questions

holiday- & travel-related words, word formation & hrsl verbs
conditionals: zero, first, second & third, mixed conditionals, conditionals without
if , wish &if I
multiple-choice questions
talking about holidays, decision making, stating rfrs & giving reasons
article, adiectives

lll

Which of the following countries would you like to visit?

Rank them from ] to 8, (1=ur favourite; 8=your least
favourite). Which is the most popular and the least
popular place with your classmates? Draw bar hrt to
show th results.
Australia
lce and

ru
PortUqa

!
]

Thailand

the united states

S the rtil to find out what the average winter

temperature is in lceland.

rIi_!t: the gu

of

elected people i t
who mk r change laws
the Narthel Ligllts:
!d lights often 5
i the night ;ky in places

r the rti irl

eJacier: lrg mass

af

fmd sw
mutis that moves r
slowly dw valley
ice,

frttit: rk r

the Earth's surf

Located in the North At antic , lceland is Europe's

Westernrnost country, With the st northerly capita] city in
the World, Vikin8 lrr5 migrtd here frm rthr Europe
mr than thouSand r5 ago. When they establiShed the
Wor d's first pal ia.ert. The country'S nationa 8ug can
sti ] traced to the one spoken the vlkings at that tirne.

r heated natural]y undergroUnd Volcanic activity, ] fact,

r8 produced these 5rig5 is converted into electricity
Which provides power and heat fr e's home5 d
bUsineSSe5, AS re5Ult, lceland urS Very little fossil fue1,5uc5 oi and 8as, and has some of the eanest air in the Wr d,
lf only every country cou d ]il(e ]celand]

Today, ]ce]and has popUlat]on of iust r 1,

,
5pread over 1,O0 squr ki]ometres. Despite its smal size,

of lceland's most popular hot sprin85 is the BJue Lagoon,

hu8e iake of bri8ht u 5eawater iUst outside Reykjavik.
Surrounded volcanoe5 and ava fields, the ue Lagoon
receiVeS rr than , visitors r. After lg day's
5]8ht5eein8 or on8 ni8ht of partyin8, ViSito15 rl in the
la8oon's 5teaming hot Water, Which has Vr8 tmrtu
of aboLlt 8'. Some ]eve the Watr5 are to ur rtir
i lnesses and improve skin qua ity,

there r m rs5 to visit this rrrk utr, Most

Visitors' first port of l is the country'S capita, Reykiavik,
5mall, clean city kW for it5 ourful and stylish architecture.
lf you love culture, you' l l j thi5 place. The city centre
is fLri of Shop5, art ga lerie5, fs, d bookshops, 2,
Reykiavik WaS awarded the tit of ur's city of cUlture,
than]<s to its impresslve art col]ection5 and TnuseuTns, and
lVe]y ni8ht ife,
The good neWS for viSitors iS that lceland's temperatures are
fairly mild, even in the Winter When they stay at around 4',
Durin8 Winter months, nights are long, and tle i\]..ihen Litrl..
r visib , lighting Up the night sky With spectacu]ar
diSp , ]n summr, the country 8et5 most 22 hurs of
day ight, and native lce ande15 and Visito15 alike i partying
outdoo15 until dawn.

But there's much mr to lce and than partying. The ut

iS of the moSt volcanica ly active nationS in the Wor d,
and there r umr of hot 5prings ud the ]s and. l

122

below

hr i5 r8 of outdoor activitie5 to ] elsewhere in the

country part]cU arly l8 the coast,'lceland is an adventure,'5aic
Soi Squire,Whose ce]andic m r8 iSe5 adventure trip5
around the country 'W have ur'S biggest g .'.5. h r
m active volcanoes 5 We l, Skiing and cave explorations r
8reat things to do,'As g as you have basic caving knowledge
and equipnent, u can lr of lceland's mo5t
u r
attract]ons - the unusua] ava caves. most of which fo rmed
1,O0 rs 8, TheTe are al5o ice cave5 fr rr experienced
Vrs. The be5t known i caves r in Vatnaikl]ll, Vast layer of
ice Which, at ,O sqLrare k] ometre5, is ur'5 ]a.8est glacier.
It's so situated iust above an active vo |

Lls-U

hs th answer (, , or d) which fits best

according to the text.

Where you find strange rock formations?

the black-sand beaches
in the city ofvik
in the Thingvellir Valley

Wh reading d tactualtext dbout place, f

yoU can expect to 5 information dut Lhe
following things:the geography (ie, where
jt i5), the Weather, its history, places to see
and things to do.The questions you h to
answer wiIl mainly about the5e Ihin9s. 5
prepared for detail questionS,

How are the hot springs ofthe Blue Lagoon heated?

the sun
volcanic activity
ltil wr
d fossil fuels

i Reykjavik

whr

What iS NoT stated in the text?

wds given to architects.
hr is lot { daylight in summer.
hr is very little ir pollution in
lceland.
d lceland has inhabited {r about

is

the mid-Atlantic fault most visible?

Reykjavik

The Blue Lagoon

1,000 years,

Thingvellir Valley
d Geysir

What is the writer's opinion of lceland?

hr isn't mh to do there.
lt's small, but it has m alraclions,
Only cavers enjoy going there,
d lt's too cold to visit i winter.

Tourists look down on th mid_Atlantic fault

that runs through Thingvellir National Park.

Wh i5 thi5 text r written for?

tourists

scientis

business travellers

lcelanders

Get the mig

Complete th text below with these

words.
hitt destination rt

sry sightseeing

of

catl

vehic[e

i lndia is
amazing because the country is land {
contrasts. There's the wonder{ul
(2l
of b,uildin9s like
the Taj IVlahal, as well as the stunning
(1)

()

fact,

:i.

,:

tropical ri

forests, deserts and beautiful beaches,

Make New Delhi your first
(4)
th hire ()
(5)
to lr the
rest of the country. lt'S 9reat
(6)
for touists,

ricity
such

lrld.
,
I

day's
in the

:rature

(ertain
the

,e,'said
is
,
r
r
edge
r]al
)nced
of

aciet

f exploring cave5 and gli5 doesn't interest you, head south. Ju5t
outside the town of Vik, u check out the hu8 rk fmti5
:hat were once believed to monsters turned into stone, These
dramatic part of the scenery one of lceland'5 most impressive

lk-sd beache5.

And finall no trip to lce]and Would complete Without visit to

ihe Golden circle, pathway northeast of Reykjavik that connects
Gullfo55 ( huge'Golden Waterfa l'), the hot sprlngs rgl of Gsir,
d hi8lli National k. The rnld-Atlantic fat] t that 5 through
and is literal pU ling the is]and apart. Nowhere is thi5 mr
evident than in the Thingvellir Valley, Whr the ld is actually
Separating and the stony grud beneath ur feet frequently m5.
Hold on while hike!

What do ths quotes mean? Do you

agree with any of them?

.
.
.

'Tourists don't know whr they've ,

travellers don't know where they're going.'
(Paul hru)
'h world is book and those who do not
travel rd only page.' (St Augustine)
'lf you reject the food, the customs. fear
th religion and avoid the l, you
might better stay hm.' (James Michener)

,l2

Vlr

circle the correct words.

h Git Causeway
5, being the world (1)traveller / visitor that u are, you think you've seen l the worthwhile
(2) sites / positions th globe has to ffr? Well, rhs you should think again. Nrthr
lrld, and more specificaily County Antrim, has well-kept secret that it is mr than willing
to share with those tourists who like to get off the beaten () d / track.
Wherever you go in picturesque County Antrim, th sr is delightful, but the Giant's
Causeway in l is not to missed. Consisting { approximately 4,000 interlocking stone
(4) rows / coiumns, the Causeway stretches {rm the base of the cliffs Straight out into the sea.
Legend, and the Causeway's unique (5) formation / r9, su99est5 that the 'stepping stones'
wr thrw thr the lrish wrrir Fi l as (6) way / mthd of trave ling to
Scotland to fight his m, dr. Whether of natural r mhil origin, the Causeway
is must-see fr ll tourists or trllrs.

Label the Pictures With these words.

backpack coach t cruise hiking

sightseeing

Replace the words or phrases in bold with these words.

cuisine r itinerary rSrt

1

voyage

you need to get some foreign m, go to the bank and get some.
l am looking forward to trying the local food wh we get to Syria,
lf

lt Says the programme l got {rom r travel 9t that we will bre

in lVadrid the 23rd of Ju.

r journey sea to England will lg, but don't worry, there'll

loads to do on the ship,

9randparents spent their holidays at very popular holiday place

for tourists in the r lslands.

Discuss these questions with

partner.

.
.

.
.

Do you like trying the ll isi

wh you travel to othe. counL.ies:
when travelling, do you like to
have itinerary or would you
prefer to find your own way?
Do think it would tt
for tourists if there was one world

currency?

had the choice, would you

thr go crise r h
lf

tour?

124

Conditionals: Zero, First, Second

& Third

Look at these conditional sentences

and answer th questions below.
Zero conditional:

lf

you {ly first class, you

more money.

First conditionaI: lf you choose this

holiday, you'll have wdrful time.
Second conditional: lf l went d every
year, l would very happy.
Third conditional: lf l hadn't slept in,
l wouldn't have missed my fli9ht.

which conditional is used to talk about

hypothetical events r situations in

past? _
which conditional

the

i5 used to talk
aboUt Something that is likely to
h i the present r in the future?

which conditional is used to talk

aboUt something that is unlikely to

h in th rSt or i the {uture?

which conditional is used to talk about

facts and general truths? _

mixed conditional is whr th two

clauses in conditional sentence rfr
to different times. Look at this mixed
conditional sentence d answer the
questions below.
lf l had g the excursion, lwouldn't
at school now.
1 whih conditional form is the if clause?

which conditional form

Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verb

in ackets.

5
7
8

lslne

nties?
|
)u

ter

travelling, she

Wben you
the fli9ht
attendant gives you boarding pass. (check in)
Yu

don't h passport. (not

l{

lwere you,

travel abroad if you

, t,l to)

Tahiti. (visit)

lVm and Dad

the
hr carefully, they wouldn't have disappointed
with the holiday. (rd)
l{

um didn't ig her driving licence, so she can't hire car.

lf um
her driving licence,
she

r_

h booked package holiday, so they don't have to

extra {r meals.

We didn't do sightseeing, so we don't know what th

city iS like.
lf

packa9e holiday,
for meals.

lf they
they

we

some sigheeing, we
what the city is like.

We saved enough m. so we are able to afford

good hotel.
lf

we

lorld

Mum and Dad didn't take

lf um and Dad
Spain with them, we
with Grandma.

lh

the coach tour if

Lisa had told us about it. (9)

mixed conditional sentence for h of the

situations below.

is the result

Read 10.1-1.5 ol the Grammar Rfr

pages 173-174 before u do the ta9k5.

lf she

wouldn't go so m holidays, (not like)

D Complete the

Complete the rules.

i, torists

h 9reat time sightseeing. ()

4 We_

clause?

We use mixed conditional to express

the present result of hypothetical past
evnt or situation. we {orm this mixed
conditional with /f +
+ infinitive.

you
lot of hand
luggage, you won't get tired. (not take)
lf

2l{theweather

Mixed conditionals

enough m, we
afford good hotel.
u5

to Spain with them. so W'r

hr with Grandma.
Us

to
hr

125

[,=,-r--,|,
/:--'

,l

]t

: h,! i
..i

circle the odd ones out.

1
2
3
4
5
6

htl

deck

cabin

location

Scenery

view

hJlg

rlm

ri

peace{u1

exhasting

calming

flying

trekkin9

hiking

food

pofits

refeshrnent5

Lir*"n to these speakers and match them to the

type of travel.
Skr

Sk 2
Skr

t]

Skr 4
5peaker 5
Speaker 6

Lls-U
Read through the qUestion5 and the
answer option5 before you listen.
Think ut the Sort ofthings the
sk might say for each option,
5ometimes the tone ofvoice will help
you decide too,

D ( You'll

trekking

hr people talking in eight different

situations. Fr questions 1-8, choose the best
answe1 , r .

cycling

You h woman talking, How is she feeling?

travelling ship
travelling train
flying
driving

('Now

listen again and write down the words each

speaker used that hld you find the answers in .
1

4
5

mountain go.il[6 c|imbing bamboo

patient
excited
d

You hr young woman talking. Why did she

take the job?
She wanted to enjoy the island.
She wanted to work rguL hours.
She enjoys r em solving.
You hr young m talking about an adventure
h Went . What Was h surprised about?
that they found some gorillas i the end
how lg the trek took
that the guides didn't know where the gorillas
Were
You hr m talking about holiday resort,
What is he describing?
hw beautiful the r is
the changes that have taken pIace there
what is ld fr the futue
You hear tgr talking, Why didn't she enjoy
hr holiday?
She didn't like the place.
The weather was bad.
5h didn't like being with hr rts.
You hr m talking about journey he's going
to make. How wil he trave ?
train

ship

You hr two people talking at irt. What do

they think is the most likely rs {r the delay?
bad wthr
]ack { rd refreshments
technical rm with the aircraft
You hr young woman talking about trip she
made. Why did she set herself challenge?
because she doesn't like travelling alone
us she doesn't like eating alone
because she doesn't like meeting other travel rs

,Peakla)
-,

e5t

.i

.
.
.
.

When was the last time you went on holiday?

Do you rf active or relaxing holidays?
Would u prefer to stay at hotel or mig site while holiday? Why?
Whih country would you like to visit? Why?

L|-U

Look at the items below that someone might take with them on
camping holiday. Put them in order of how useful th are (1 = most useful;
8 = least useful). Then, discuss r answers with partner, giving reasons
for your choices.

1
2

ent

li

Work with rtr and swr these questions.

suitcase
first-aid kit

laptop
torch

_]
]

ll

5
6
7
8

tinned food

camera

_]

money

tthsh

lf U Want to

or express Ur opinion,
Always justify it

reason.

L]

lmagine that you and your friends are lig camping trip for week in the mountains. First, talk
together about th different items that you could take with you. Then, decide which two are the most
important ones. Remember to use the Useful Expressions.

rn]oy

(i@il
Discuss these questions with partner.
. What r the advantages and disadvantages {
travelling l in comparison with other means of

.
.

giving

aS

lat do

persuade

trSt?
Do u think that everyone should travel to at least
different continent during their lifetime?
Do u agree with the saying 'h journey is more
imtt than the destination'? WhVh not?

Us|l {r5s\5
Stating preferences
l think ... i5 much ttr than ...

honest, l'd prefer ...

l

prefer...-ing to...-ing.

hr comparison.l'd mh rather,..

Giving reasons

lsaythis because ,..

The main reason for my Saying thi5
ofthe reasons ldecided ...
l chose ... because ..,
l

5ug9e5t.., because...

the other person that What

youte saying i5 true, don't :
just state your preference i

is
is

that ...

that...

word formation

Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words.

1

Which is tl,e la,gesl Lravel

i th

LJ

? AGENT

h
was delayed 0 minutes because of bad weather- DEPART
passes as we qot on the rl. RD
h {light aTtendant looked at our
4 h umr of
visiting the Acropolis hs dropped 0% this r. TOUR
2

The Sgrd Familia in rl is perfect example { Gaudi's

ARcHlTEcT

6 The weather was trri durig ur flight, so it was surprise that the

Gr is actualy very
8 We wr't vr pleased with
7

ACCOMMODATE

was bumpy, LAND

country-you goskiing and mountaineering thr! MoUNTAllr

ur

in Fr. h apartment wasn't very well-equipped.

phrasal verbs

Match the phrasal verbs 1_8 to their meanings a_h.

1
2
3
4
5

get

7
8

get rud

f
9
h

away []
check in
]
dr off
]
set out
]
get
i]
put

up

t]

see off

Start ju

board l, train, etc

arrive at hotel d collect your key
move frm pLace to l
take someone smwhr, usually in car or other vehicle, and leave them thr:
wave goodbye to 5m leavinq frm irt, station, etc
to escape
ssm or build something

Complete the travel g with th hrsl verbs {rom i the correct form.

r we go| l'm at Gatwick irt

waiting to (1)
the l, whl family came
to (2)

them, but happy to m way!

mrrw we're going to 5 the ri Fti and

the Coliselm. We"l have to (4)
rl if we want to see every.thing though.The hotel
bus will (5)
U5
in the city centre at 9 o'clock. rtl, the best
way to (6)
the city iS foot,

arrived at my hotel i Rabat at am,

soon r into trouble! l cot]ldn't
()
to the hotel until
2m, so l had to wait fr eight hours in
the f opposite, Not qreat staft!

We desperately need some rest, 5 we're on

small island off the coast of crete to
frm the wds. we
17\
have decided to (8)
our
tents on the beach, lt so peaceful here.

. l was sad

trut

D
I

Discuss these questions with rtr.

.
.
.
.

128

to leave

Have u tried to Put tent? Was it easy? What happened?

Do u like to get away fm the crowds holiday, r do you r{r to
smwh busy?
lS thr inteesting architecture in your country? What's it like? Where is it?
Do you like {lying? Why?/Why not?

conditionals without

if

Read the sentences and answer the

questions lw

ND
lN

We'll set off rl provided (that) you

r packed and ready to go.
We'll set off rl as long as you are
packed and ready to go.
We won't set off rl unless you are
packed d ready to go.

We h to set off before o'clock,

otherwise we will miss our flight.
Supposing our passports were stolen
holiday, what would we do?

1
2
3

refers to the past?

__

refer to the present r to the

future?

and

expresses dissatisfaction with another person's ig

habitS.

Complete the rls.

Wish/lf l is to||owed past perfect tense to say that we would like
situation in the
to have b,een different, Wbh,4f l is followed
past tense When Situation in the
is different to What We

/ru +
+ bare
infinitive to talk aboUt other l ig habits i the present.

would like

which word i bold

1
2

wish/lf l l knew where the musum was,

wish/lf l l had taken the guidebook.
wish Patrick would stop talking during the tour.

Which sentence(s)

Now read these sentences and answer

th questions below.

there

Look at these sentences d answer the questions below.

Whih words could replace unless?

Do these Sentences have the same

meaning?
Which word could replace provided
rthat) and as i9 as?

Wish & lf only

ms imagine?

it

to . We use wh

Read 10.6-10.7 of lh Grammar Reference page 174 before you

do the tasks.

means if we d'0

Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs i brackets.
1

They

As long as we

themselves at the campsite providing they like being out in tur. (enjoy)
the ll customs, we won't have problems. (respet)

You must drive rfll, otherwise you

4 Unless you
5

Providing ri follows the track, he

an accident. (have)

through customs, you 't board the l. (go)

lost. (not get)

6 l'll pack the suitcases as lg as you

the house before we leave, (tidy)

to Japan unless you m with me. (not move)

7
Suppose you

tired, would you go the tk? (t )

9 Supposing we
earlier, would we have paid so much fr our accommodation? (book)
10 Make list of the things you need the trip, otheMise you
something. (forget).

Look at th situations and complete the sentences using the words in bold.

Sam forgot hr passport and w sh stuck at the

airport. forgotten

we wish the ouide

sam wishes she

her sSrt.
l m trying to relax the l, but the children are
making so muh noise. make

wish the children

so muh is the l.
Mum is always complaining that Dad works lg hours at

mr loudly.
We are holidaying i Fr, but lcan't
communicate in Frh. communicate

the travel 9. not

m wishes Dad
hourS at the trVl a9ency.

lg

We are guided tour ofthe Acropolis, but

we can't hr what the guide is saying. speak

lf only

in Frh,
l am

very upset because l lost my mr. lost

lf only

my

camera-

129

Wrifi4
Adjectives
Make semi-formal descriptive tils mr appealing to the
rdrs using strong adjectives. As well as helping to paint
lrr picture of pIaces, l and events, descriptive
adjectives make your writing mr interesting. AIso, use
compound ad,jetives as they help you to describe
something precisely without using too many words, which is
impotant in ma9azine and neWSpaper aticleS.

th th adjectives with their meanings.

1
2
3
4
5
6

non-stop
fun-packed
picuresque
world-famous !
idyllic

breathtaking

known ll over the lt

very peaceful
amazing, Stunning
full of activities we j
that doesn't end
very pretty

Read the writing task and then write (true) or F (false) for each of the statements below.
You haye seen th announcement in travel magazine,

F i the s!
Do vou have favourite holiday
"ri.ti or resort? write an artlcle
describing it and tell uS Why u'd
recommend it for Summer hoIldayS,
published i
i-r-,e ri urtictes wilt
next month'S iSSue.

1
2

4
5

You will write article about holiday disaster,

You should r focus wrm l,
You will describe your journey in detail.

You should explain why others should go there.

You should write about What you do there.

L.]

tr

]
l

write r tll.

lf

Read the model article and complete it With the adjectives 1_6 in .

you want (5)

days, Funchal offers swimming with dolphins, surfing r r9lidi9

fromitssunnyehes.Atni9ht,it,s(6)prtyingSholidmkersnenjoythe

city's nightlife. You experience all this and more in Madeira's capital, making it an ideal l for
lf you still haven't booked your holiday this summer, then make for Madeira. lt lives up to even

higheSt expectationS,

the

holiday.
.1

i
]]

10

-ook again

Read the model article again and answer the questions.

1
2

4
i

Which l

is

the article about?

What can you do there?

HaS the Writer tried to attract people to the resort?

Which {eatures attract u most? Why?

Write the correct paragraPh number from the model article next to these descriptions.

d
F

destination.
Describe what rst ffrs r active l.

Describe activities {r ll tastes.

f
lntroduce the rsrt saying where it is and what it famous fr. f

Sum up d mmd rdrs visit holiday

Look at th Useful Expressions d write (Positive) or N (Negative) next to h one.

Cver to you!

Read the writing task below and make paragraph plan

for r article. Rmmr to use variety of adjectives
to make your article mr appealing to readers.
Y h s this mt i travel mgzi.

s|l {ss\ls
ldiomatic expressions

complete let down

Wish weren't here!

Are vou lan { activity holidays, but.

;j really bad experience while
article describing it d
iiiiojyZ it
";
you woutdn't recommend it to

ib]i'-"r'*r,y

wilt published
i" "*
.t't
"rticles
"*,
issue,
month'S
in next

Write ur til.

('120-'1

in for pleasant 5urpri5e

well worth the money/a viSit
overpriced

come in for shock

fail to meet yoUr expectations
live up to the highest eXpectations
there'S something for r

.,, is not to missed

t]

t]
t]
t]
]

80 words)

Ll-
Rmmr to include title fr yoUr article
and use language which will keep the reader
interested. U5e rhetorical qUestionS, direct address,
idiomatic expressions and imperatives aS Well as
plenty ofdeScriptive adjectives and adverb5.

}-

Before you watch

The Rms is famous Street i the Barcelona city centre. This is where many
of the artists and musicians of the Spanish city gather to entertain people.
Look at the statements about the Ramblas below and write fr tr or F for false.

]
2

4
5

rs can't travel on the Rms.

lt is lively and dynamic from rl mrig until midday.

l Spanish musicians are allowed to perform on the Rms.

hr r flwr shops the Rms.
hr are thieves on the Street.

human statue in silvebody paint and costu r

While you watch

Watch the DVD and see if your answers in are correct.

Watch the DVD again and circla the words you hear.

1
2
3
4
5

in Barcelona

The unique and stimulating / fascinating tmshr ofthis Mediterranean city

makes visitors {eel like they're attending party that r ends.
That makes it very enjoyable, at least for me, d inspiring / moving too.
the Ramblas, exciting d astonishing / rmrkl things just seem
to h i impromptu fashion, without need for practice.
l Barcelona. 9an95ter statue dais in the street is mm sight / spectacle.
This ft shocks bystanders / onlookers and results in laughter frm spectators.

After you watch

Complete th summary ofthe DVD below using these words.

U tmrry convincing t mk- ssrs- practice stalts

of the most beautiful and interesting places in rl is the Ramblas. This wide,
pedestrian-only (1)
rs Lhrough the middle { the city and ends at
(2,

Lhe

lt i5 lined With trees, fS and market ()

The
gather
who
there
make
it

more
special.
hr
are musicians lig
rfrmrs
(4)
music from all r the world. They r joined actors who
present theatrical pieces which sometimes include people passing . d all this is done
Without preparation. h don't seem to need any (5)
- they just do
things the spot. hr r also dancers and circus artists. Perhaps the most unusual
rfrmrs the Ramblas are the hum statues, hm statue dresses as character
and applies (6)
to every inch of the body that is exposed - this
is often silver r 9old, The rs then stands very still in the middle of the Rms
pretending to statue. The rfrm is so (7)
that l
sometimes don't notice that the Statue is rl performer. h, when human Statue
suddenly moves, trystanders and (8)
r usually shocked. This
makes everybody laugh. Life the Ramblas is r boring. Barcelona is lively city,
full of excitement and fun.

Discuss these questions with partner.

.
.

132

lmagine you are street performer or hm

Statue the Ramblas. What do you think
your day would like? How would you feel?

Would you enjoy it?

Do enjoy busy streets with lots of shops

and lively atmosphere? Why?/Why not?

Units 9 & 10

,lVlr
circle the correct words.
1 ur flight to Reykjavik is at 1 o'clock,

but what time do we have to check in / get away?

2lfyoudon'tstarttoconcentrateonyourjob,you'll

3
4
5
6

get out of work

the sack.

always prefer to h () destination / itinerary when l'm travelling, so l know ll the stages of my jou rney.

Sh doesn't just want non-stop / dead end,job - she wants promotion and career,
ur flight was very pleasant, but the anding / departure in New York was really rough.
Unfortunately, lots of workers wr made rdudt/ unemployment last mth.

7lnsomeplacesaoad,youcanusedollarstobuythings,butusuallyyoumusthavethelocal

8
9
10

vacancy / currency.

We must stop him from visiting this dangerous rgi at / in all costs.
Are you 9i9 to try the local sr / cuisine while you're travelling in Asia?
h first port of tour / call on r Greek lslands cruise i5 Santorini.

Complete the sentences using these words.

application backpack income g rfr staff track voyage
1

The mgr looked at Trary's job

The Andes huge mountain

Yur

and thought she might Suitae for the position.

in 5outh America.

is really h! What are you carrying in it?

4 h kind of lifesle you can afford depends very much your

5 l managed to get off the beaten
m holiday and spend most of it on remote beaches,
6 They want to take w
at my m, so why don't you l?
7 A(n)
through space to other planets might new kind of tourism i the future.
8

l had one lttr of

from previous employer, which wasn't enough.

Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in bold.
1

Jake warned me to rrd {r lots of

Do you enjoy
i the mountains? H|KE

hr are

to choose from if you visit the UK. ACCOMMODATE

many types of

lg the coast very r here. FR

4 hr is an amazing rock

wh looking for ,iob, REJECT

our m needs w

Excuse me. Do you work here in the museum, r are you ()

to hl him out with his workload. ASS|ST

? vlslT

hs th correct answers.

h tourists

Tom can drop you

aof

set

iff

at 8 o'clock in the mrig.

out

at wrk because he is going in that direction.

Wh you hk
at the hotel, u must show ur sst.
bin
uP
Unfortunately, the company has had to lay _ more employees this month.
off
uP
i
Whr l go camping, it takes m ages to put _ my tent,

We are going to th airport with John because we want to see him

Up

aon

cat

boff

back

133

Units 9 &

(r^r

Change the direct speech into reported speech.

1
2

'l dropped Sandy off at the irt yesterday.' said.

told m

'They're going to interview me tmrw,'Js said.

Jason said
'Will you tr the local cuisine holiday?' I asked gl.
asked Angela
'Wh did you set off 5 late for the airport?' Tom asked us.
l

Tom asked

'Can you wk shifts this week?'the manager asked me.

The m9r

'Don't forget the tickets]'

said to my s,

l told my son
'yu should ask ut the perks of this jotr,' my friend said.

friend advised m

9
10

'l have already done all the sightseeing l want this week" explained i.
i explained
'l give you m wd that l will give you rise,' our mgr said.
Our manaqer promised
'You should lways get to Wrk time in the mornings,'Terry said to me.
Terry advised

Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in ackets.

3
4
5
6

What kind of job

{you / do) if you had hi?

(l) {or this job, l would have regretted it.

|f|

lwish

(9) on that sightseeing toUr yesterday.

They

() our wages at the end of the week if they can.

We would have congratulated Jh his promotion if we

lf only

(not ) ilI the boat.

choose the correct answers.

1
2

As long as

lf only

you

we

found

looking at architecture, you'll love this tour.

enjoyed
had enjoyed

ir hotel!
had found

would find

thr isn't too mucn traffic, we'll arrive on rime,

that unless
otherwise
4 We will miss our flight we set off w.
if only
otherwise
unless
5 lf you are professional photographer, you good ms.
used
would use
u5
6 lfwe late,wewould have finished the project.
had worked worked
will work

134

provided

(see) him.

7','1

7,,t

lI 1,

&]
]

,|':a;',:,."i:
],l a';]".]] r:];i ]':

l i].ii,ii-i..,:

i.,,::i:irl:
'll]l

j:i:]]g:

fact sheet, multiple-choice questions

crime-related words, collocations & expressions, prepositions
reIative clauses: defining & non-defining, participle clauses
multiple-choice questions
taIking about crime, problem solving, suggesting alternatives
5s ristrmig

z1;-\

l.

\!-{,#|Vl

Who r these people? Write G for good guy

r for bad guy. What do they do?

1 judge t]
2 convict
3 arsonist
t

4 detective ]
5 vandal t]
6 guard

Quickly read the text. Who doesn't to

get into Littledean Jail? Where did you find
this information?

Alcatrozi trius islond

i5 i s FriS
r abi l i : ects that
i
r collected us they
r thought ta r

m m

interesting

rrml: impos5ible to
explain turlfrs r
science

w 5 the'Alcatraz of the Forest'due to its location i

the Frst of Dean, Littledean Jail is w home to iq
museum of crime.

History & mystery

Wh it was originally built i l791, Littledean

s lh mosl up_to.date riS [ ils time,
I 1854 the.iail became police station and
fm l874 it also set-ved as court house.
h police station was cloed in 1972 and
th last court sssi was held thr in 1985.
h [ll ing r it sold [ isr
m. h, in 200, the jail was bought
its present owners, who hd it trd into
their hm and museum to house of th
world's largest private colIections of rim
rrrrrili.

Litt]edean Jail has lhe rulli of bcing

[ BriIain's mosl hutd buildinss. Si it
opened, the jail h attIacted the interest of
m ghost hutrs d investigators of the
rll wh h witnessed sl ry
unusual events, occasion, museum
exhibits tarted shaking, lights began flickering,
and lh there s complele loss ol wr,
5m peopIe sa5 th have aclually s
ghosts there!

What to see at the jail

The largest private collection in the UK
of British and foTeign police items and
equipmenl. including police weapons d
ullrms

Exhibits lvell-known clime characters

fTom books. television d cinema

mdI of Litt]edean Jail that has been

created frm 56.000 matches!

AdmisSion prices

dl

sirs 5.95

Children (8-16) 4.95; d

Family S2l

8s free

Ifyou're 100 years ug or ovel, th

admission is FR!

ig times
frm Easter to the end of tr;

Thursdays to Sundays & k Holiday

Mondays
Day visits frm 10 m to 5 m
0ast try .45 m)
Occasionally special tours d er ig
visits fr groups of 20 or mr
arranged. but only kind permission
o[TheJailer. (He's l little scary!)
visits [m schools d colleqes r also
welcome, ut student mt under strict
superTision, as h Jailer has known
to lock troublemakers in the sr cells!

How to get there (and escape!) &

parkin9 facilities

h jail is just 20 minutes frm Gloucester

d forty-five minutes frm Bristol rd.
CToss the Sr Bridge at Chepstow and
then head down the 48 to get thr.
Cars parked at the tr to the
jail while coaches drop off passengers
at the special bus stops. These r situated
rimtl 80 metles fm the entlance
lo the jaiJ either side of the rd.

Ll-U

Read the questions below and then look at the

article for the answer5.

sWr question5 about text that is made

Up of different section5, do the following: first,

What is Littledean Jail usd as now?

jail and police station
family hm d msum
court house and jail
d police station and family home

qUickly read the Whole tet - don't Worry aboUt

unfamiliar vocabulary as you won't need to
understand everything in order to answer the
question5; then, read each question d go
directly to the relevant section.

Wh you visit Littledean Jail?

some Mondays

r Tuesday

What can't seen at Littledean Jail?

swordfight
model of th,jail

all day Wednesday

FridayS throughout the r

What can't you do in the Forest of Dean?

uni{orms

weapons

What should lrg gru do to visit the jail at night?

call beforehand
ri f .45 pm
get th i the mrig
d have supervision

ber:

,)
so

r Strict

w
lls!

Littledean Hall: This is

grand house which

dates back at least 400 yeaTs and, like the jail,
is said to haunted. In fact, it's thought of as
of the most haunted houses in England!
People have rrtd seeing ghosts in the house
and grounds. of the scariest parts of the
hs is the u drm, Legend h it that
two bTothers killed h thr in swordfight
r lady, d visitors have reported hearing
the sound of swordfight, as well as mrs
sightings of lady i white.

eat meal
{ind place to stay
visit museum
see ghost

What is said to have happened in the u drm?

two thr had fight
two thrs killed lady
lady dressed in white died there
d couple killed the m th
Who would most interested in visiting the old,jail
and the hall?
criminals
Sports enthuSiaStS
young children
d l who believe in ghosts

Places to stay, eat d visit r

The Forest of Dean: an r of great natulal

reauty with ]ots to see and do and rg of

1ccommodation to suit r pocket. In th
:orest, not l can you see the beautiful sry,
ut you also visit the local butterfly museum
l j ml i of th wide variety of
"estaurants in the area. Fr lhe mr active
l,isitoT, thr r walking touTs, caving, bike
idig - you go fishing or play golf.

Whr can cars park?

80 metres from the entrance of the jail
outside the tr
the Severn Bridge
d at the special bus stops

Get the meaning!

Complete the definitions with these words,

rt

1
2
3

hus investigator jaiI

supevision weapon

reputation

h opinion that l have about you, which is

based your past actions r character, is known as
r
is l where those who
have committed crime are sent to {r punishment.

A(n)

is something that i5 used to

physically hurt another rs.
When someone watches person and makes sure
that ever}thing they do is correct r safe, that is
known as _.

A(n)

The place whr criminal cases r dealt with and

people are found to guilty r innocent is ()
is like detectivej he r she
tries to {ind out who is guilty { crime.
()

&
cester
g

rd.

and

) Lhe
grS

tuated
trance

ls there lot of graffiti in your r?

Do you think graffiti is t or vandalism? lf the walls

of

ur building were spray-painted, how would you feel?

What do you think should happen to teenagers who r
caught spray-painting buildings?
137

! Vlr

circle the odd ones out.

1
2

4
5
6

proSecution

d{

rob

mu

sentence
verdict

try
t,urglr

7lawyer

libi

th

eft

stea

comp aint

decision

find 9uilty
pickpocket

convict

,jud9e
cot]rt

defendant

detective

circle the correct words.

1
2

4
5
6

evidence

rdr

/ commit im, rrd to suffer the consequences,

h judge ordered the defendant to pass / sr sentence of l55 than ten years.
lf

you

<

Large stores often ml security gurds to prevent shop ifting / graffiti.

l'm innocentl What ti / would l have fr kig into my own house?
We feej sfr knowing that there are police officers {oot, guarding / patrolling the streets of our town.
Billy has to do ten weeks' community / socia1 service to for his im.

complete the sentenceS using these words.

case handcuffs [s s tri[

According to the ws, his
2 1

The crime
4 This
5

witness

from ris is scheduled for t Tuesday.

has E,een found who will in urt.
was sealed off police officers.
was the shortest l've ever attended; it was over in two days.

Somehow, the suspect managed to slip out of

6 This

is

his

the most difficult

Wh it goes to urt,

Read what different students say about crime.

Do you feel the same? Discuss your answers with
partner.

18
t

and escape.
|'ve ever had lo deal with, but l Lhink we'll win

'l'd ll like to have rr that was somehow

associated with law r fighting rim. Ithink it
would r exciting to wrk fr the defence in
important 5, especially if you managed to l
an innocent rs m. lt would boring,
that's fr sureI'
'l think that some rimils, not the rll violent ones
obviously, should made to do community service
rather than having to go to jail. The prisons r
overcrowded and it costs us lot to fr risrs
wh serve their sentences in prison.'

D circle th correct words.

1 rs, whih / that is very serious
Relative Clauses: defining & non-defining

The members of the jury who / when we talked

to Were very nervous.

Look at these sentences and write the relative

rs next to the correct uses.

im father, who / whose r was stolen, has

reported the theft to the police.

The rimil who/that was given life sentence

k down in ut.
h famous actress whose hu was burgled is
afraid to go hm.
This is the prison where the convict is held.
The painting which/that was stolen from the museum
is very lu.
I will never forget the day when m r was stolen.

1 _
2

4
5 _

r
or

refer to people
rfr to things

is used to show possession

re{ers to l

Read these sentences and underline the relative

clausesh answer the questions.
-

The lawyer wh defended the criminal is the best

i the country.
h lwr, wh defended th criminal, is the best
i the country.
l which sentence is the relative clause necessary

in rdr to understand the main clause?

ls this defining (D) r non-defining (ND)

relative clause?

l which sentence wh replaced with

tbat?

fl

relative clauses give essential information

about the sub.ject r ob.ject of the sentence, and who and
which replaced
relative clauses give extra information about
the Subject r ob,ject of St, ThiS information isn't
-necessary for the sentence to make sense. lt is separated
frm the rest of the sentence

Read the sentences and answer the question

below.

1
2

The m who/that we saw i t had

handcuffs ,
The bank rry which/that hd this
morning was the news.

l which sentence we omit the relative

pronoun?

Complete the rule.

We omit the relative ru in

relative clauses wh the relative ru
{ the clause.

has sealed off police.

h day when / whr the risr m out of

jail was 9reat day for his family.
The detective that / whose solved the rim was
given award fr his amazing wrk.

choose the correct answers.

\,/

Get some laughs {rom these

tru Stories aboUt stUpid criminals (1)
wr found out because they lacked mm sense.
criminal (2) said he'd r attacked
wrote r 59 (3) _ was about crime (4) _ h
had committed. even md his victim. Now this
bad guy is singing the blues - th jailhouse us!

cashier will r forget the day

(5)

thie{ came

into the shop (6) h worked and demanded all

the m i the cash drwr. The thief didn't like
the amount of money (7) he got, So he tied up
the employee. h, he got behind the counter and
pretended to employee to get more m_
U{tutl fr him, the police showed up few hours
later and arrested him.

convicted m

mlt the rules.

h area which / whr the rim was committed

The Hall of Shm

refers to period of time

crime. was

the rs for the fire.

i5

the object

Read 11.1^11.3 of the Grammar Reference page 174

before you do the tasks.

(8)
lawyer managed to work t
deal had to $9,600
- fine rather than serve prison
sentence. How do you think this man tried to the
fine? gave forged chequel got ten years in

prison.

(9) was reporting to the police that her

car had been stolen, mentioned that thr was r
h in it. The lim taking the rrt called the
car h and told the m (10) answered that h
had read ad in the WSr and Wanted to u the
r. They rrgd to meet, and the thief was arrested.

wm

1
2
3
4
5

7
8
9

10

which
when

that
which
wh
whose
whose

which
when
who
who
when
whr
whr
which
who

that

whose
who
which
whose
who
when
which
who
,
which

19

Lis*c \q

th th collocations.

1
2
3
4
5

turn

look
get
commit
break

Ll

.]

Closo-Up

fr wrk
crime

Remember that don't need to

Understand every single Word yoU
hear You usually Work out the
meaning of What's being said from
the words you do understand.

the |aw

to crime
into tru

( li.t"n to these speakers and circle the rrt words.

1 The speaker is descritring something positive / negative.
2 The speaker is talking about () filur / achievement.
3 The speaker is talking about something that's r like / unlil<e to h.
4 h speaker is talking about sm who is disab]ed / dead.
5 The speaker is fig / encouraging someone to rrt im.
L

('You'll hear

interview with youth leader t the work done at his youth

centre, Fr questions 1-7, hs the best answer, , or .

l SayS that the main purpose of the youth centre

iS

to

help young l find work.

hl young l to spend their free tlme positively.
urg young people to do well at school.

l says l are less likely to commit crime if

they do lot of activities like sts.
they have good CV
they have sense of achievement.

l SayS that many young people at the tr:

have committed crime.
know l who have committed rim
get arrested th police.

l says the police

What does lan say is often the start of ug people's

attitude problemS?
doing badly at school
having parents who r too brusy
having the wrong friends

What is lan's attitude to graffiti?

thinks it's just vandalism.

thinks it atistic.
thinks it's less serious than thr crimes.

often make things better for tbe ug

l.

have bad relationship with the ug

l there.
r usually unfair.

What did the young l at the centre find

particularly hllgig at first?
plant'rg trees to help the local environme, having to wrk tgthr with ll l
mixing with disabled people at the youth
tr

>

Work with rtr d answer these questions.

.
.
r

Do u think ur hmtw has high rim levels? what sorts of crimes are committed there?
Have u r witnessed rim? what happened?
what kind of crimes do you think young l r most likely to commit?

Read the task i below and on 9 1 9 with your rtr. { you should tick the items below
whih describe what student . will have to do and the other should tick the items which describe what
student will have to do.

1
2

aklvlr)

listen to r rtr carefuliy

think about l{ l involved
say how old the l are

L-]

l]

t]

4
5
6

ask questions

li what the rlm is

give advice

Work in pairs. Student shou|d look at the pictures and s th information below.
Student should look at the pictures and use the information 9 190.
Remember to use the Useful Expressions.
Student

Ask these questions to find out what r partner's rm is and

th give r partner some good advice.
. What i5 the m?
. What r the options?
. What r th disadvantages of each option?

centre
rim

Lloso-Up
Wh giving ur opinion,
remember that there is no
right or Wrg nSWer. Yu
hs one ofthe option5
given to U or you come
With another option that
have thought ofyoursell

ng
9

find

:
l
m

oUth

t-":@x

Discuss these quetions With partner.

. why do u think people commit crimes?
. what do you think ordinary people do to hl reduce rim?
. What r the most and the least serious crimes you think of?

Us|l {rs5\l5
suggesting alternative5
lnstead of ..., he/she could ...
lf l Were him/her, l'd .,.
What about ... ing?
.., might way round the rlm.

141

!Vlr
Collocations & Expressions

Answer the questions.

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

lf something is against the law, are you allowed to do it?

the police place thief under arrest, do they tell him r hr to go hm?
lf you have police record, have you ever committed im? _
lf you k the law, you doing something wrong? _
lf you r helping to tackle crime, are you criminal?
lf you plead guiltytoa crime, areyousaying you'reinnocent?
lf

you solve case, have you successful?

lf somebody telis you to md your ways, r they asking you to help them commit
crime?
lf

complete the sentences with the collocations and expressions from .

1 lt's unlikely he' l g job as he has
2 She was placed
after they caught her shoplifting in the supermarket.
3 Dropping litter l5
in England, so make sur you put rubbish you've
bins provided.

lf

you don't

We help
6 The w detective wi]l r l to
7 r lawyer told hr to
'l didn't mean to

s, you may find yourself in real trul.

j ur road forming Neighbourhood
watch scheme.

if he doesn't try harder.

to the crime, so she would receive lighter sentence.
ffir. l,just didn't realise that l shouldn't park my r hr.'

Prepositions

circle the correct words.

rir Investigator
lVost of us r famiIia (1)with / within im Scene lnvestigators, r CSIs,
because we see them in various television series all the time, h r usually

seendrivingroundigityini9rsweingdesignerlothes.This

glmrus image is fr from the reality (2) off / of being CSl though, which
very unpleasant and even danqerous.
Crime Scene lnvestigator5 Work () at / With police officers to investi9ate
serious crimes. They are (4) among / [t the first people to ri at
crime scene. They are rssi (5) frm / fr collecting and interpretin9
evidence they find that may help catch the criminals involved.
lt true to say that it takes special kind of person to CSl, h have to

patient and methodical, and a]so ] to r close attention (6) to / toward

detail. CSls mUSt r hurr, even wh th'r (7) i / under pressure. This is
because if they rush (8) between / thrugh ,job, th may miss tiny piece of
evidence which could solve th case. And that really would rim!

Do you 9r with these statements? mr your answers with

rtr.
l

got in the

think it's impoftant to try to tackle crime as it will make ur towns sfr,

lf tgr has police record, his r hr ]ife is ruid.

Wh parents tell their kids to mend their ways, itjust makes things worse because young
people never listen to Lneir parents.

Participle clauses

There are two kinds of participles. The present

participle (verb + -ig) and the PaSt participle (verb
+ -ed or irregular form). We use participles in
participle clauses to make sentences shorter. Read
the sentences and drli the verbs and the
participles. h, swr the questions below.

1
2

h lim looked around th crime scene and

the lim found weapon.
Looking rud the crime scene, th policeman
found w.
h man was {ound guil and h started to r,
Fd guilty, the m stated to cry.

ln sentence 1, r the vertrs in the actlve or the

passive voice?

We also use participle to replace

relative pronoun and verb. Read these
sentences and underline the relative clauses
in sentences 1 and 2, and the participles
i sentences 1 and 2. Then, answer the
questions below.

1
2

l sentence 2, is the verb fid i the active or pasSive

l sentence 2, is the subject of both verbrs the same?

Complete the rules.

Present and past participIes can rl the subject and

i{ the sub.ject of both clauses is th
We use present participle if th r
and past participle if the vertr is

the r in sentence

h took the m who had arrested

to the police Station,
They took the m rrstd to the police
station.
The girl who wants to speak to the lawyer
is my sister.

h girl wanting to speak to the lwr is

m sister.

l sentence 1, is the subject of both verbs the same?

voice?

5
6

l sentence 1, is the verb in the relative clause

active r passive?

ln sentence 1, which word is the participle?

Which words in sentence 1 does it rl?

ln sentence 2, is the verb i the relative clause
active or passive?
ln st 2. which word is the tiil?

Which words in sentence 2 does it replace?

Read 11,4 of the Grmmr Rfr pages 174-175

before you do the task.

Rewrite each sentence using suitable paiciple to replace the words in bold.

Wh we opened the 9, we found some stolen goods.

h wm who was caught shoplifting Started crying.

The prisoner was injured while he was trying to 5.

Thejudgewho was hs forthe ut trial hasa good reputation.

We were woken up try truck that wa pasing outside our house.

They found lots of evidence and they rrstd the m.

Who r those J who are waiting outside the police station?

The police caught the thief on the road which ioined the two villages.

The crime which had investigated fr years was never solved.

]0

was sentenced to ten rs in prison and h will 54 when he gets outs.

14

lrifi11
Brainstorming
When you Write essay, it's important that brainstorm
to come with as m ideas as possible connected to
the topic, and th gru reIated ideas tgthr, lf you r
dealing with the advanta9es and disadvanta9es of topic,
write down ur ideas, decide which are advanta9es and which
are disadvantages. and then decide what the most important
points are and i what rdr you will rst the arguments.

What are the advantages d disadvantages of community service as form of punishment? Look at theideas and write (advantage) and D (disadvantage).

]
2

4
5

lt can make criminals think crime isn't serious.

lt put citizens at r;sk,

lt cUtS prison costs.
lt allows people to stay with their families.
lt helps society.

Read th writing task below and then tick the things you will do.
Your English teacher has asked you to read the extract from article beiow and th to Write essay.

lo
the past, crimina]S Wr either t
how

depending

fi,
given
ri) r

sri* their crime nas. roday, doing

of
community service is alr alternative form
with
deal
to
way
good
it

ls
punishment.
young offenders though?

]
2
3
4
5
6

write article
discuss prisons in detail
focus community service
discuss the advantages of community Service
discuss the disadvantages of community service
give your ii the issue

_]

i]
t
t]

Write an essay discusst'ng th rs and s of mmuit

service for ug offenders.

Read the model essay d underline of the advantages and disadvantages from .

9 crime is uftt fat of life. h question is, though, is community

service fr young offenders good idea?
]
I

begin with, thr are m trenefits of community service. Community service

makes sure young offenders r punished and benefits others at the same time.
lt takes away their freedom and it makes them think about their role i society. For
example, cleaning up ui areas or looking after l in the community force

ug offenders to put th people's needs fr their own.

the other hand, community service has its disadvanta9es- lf dangerous

criminals are allowed to live i society, people might at risk. Futhrmr, g
offenders who only receive community service may not think that it serious
punishment, d they won't put off committing other crimes in the future.
l conclusion, lthink community service sbould only used fr criminals who are
not dangerous and take it seriously as punishment. conseqently, each case must
judged individually to make sr that the punishment given is suit for each

criminal.

-ook again

Read th model essay again and answer the questions.

]
2

4
5

the-

Does th introduction rhrs the wording in the task?

Has the writer included ll the arguments frm ? Why/Why t?

Which words and phrases r used to link ideas i the essay?

Has th writer given balanced view ofthe pros and cons?

Where is th writr rsl opinion expressed?

Match.

1
2

rgrh
rgrh
rgrh
Paragraph

1 !
2 !
f]
4 f-

DiScusS the arguments against.

Sum up d state ur opinion.

Discuss th 9umts for
ltrdu the topic to discussed.

Look at the Useful Expressions and cboose th correct answers.

'l

h offender was

atobincfor

twelve months in prison.

commit

advantages

good

the law should punished.

prevent

The first-time offender was let off with

acrime

wrig theiaw
5 What are the arguments for and ris sts?
cons
disadvantages against

Cver to you!

Read the writing task below and make paragraph

l for r essay. Remember to ainstorm for
ideas and then to group-related ideas together.
Your English teacher has asked you to read the extract
frm article be/ow d th to write 55.

YeaIS ago,

li5t time offenders wr givetr

Lough
n,iron !"n,.n... Ciuing thm rll

bunnb,o"n, the rt time th commited

offend
to
i,r-,".."' they wr les likely

"""i"
,iend

M.nb. today's young criminaIS tvL,uld

rhei, ,uys mr easily iI they were

given harsher sentences,

Wri'te essay discussing the pros and cons ofgiving

hrsh sentences to first-time offenders. ('] 20-'180 words)

L|s-
l for and a9ainst essays, State

opinion in the conclusion.

Advanta9e5 and di5advantage5

benefit
pros and cons
for and a9ainst
have (its) advantaqes/diSadvantaqeS
waste of time
u5 more hrm than good

Discussing crimes

Some punishments can us mr hrm than

benefits
l who
4

sentenced

U|l tss|ls

your

you agree
With both sides of the rgumt to some
extent, then you 5 So. Wr, u
Should clearly state the rs why you
feel that neither Side i5 alWays right,
lf

the pUni5hment fits the crime

fine

pri50n Sentence

Warning

community Service
sentenced to ... months/yearS in ris
guilty/innocent of
let off With Warning
break the law

commit rir
tackle/prevent rim

Before you watch

Discuss these questions.

.
.
.

What kinds of animals would you expect to find i animal rsu centre?
r thr iml rescue centres in your country where you could take animal?
Would like to volunteer to work in animal s tr? Why? / Why not?

While you watch

watch the DvD and decide if these statements are true or false. write fr tr d F for false.

1
2
3
4
5
6

The animals at the hm Tamao Rescue tr wr all legally traded before they arrived there,
The Mobile Unit iS Working to Stop poaching.
The government { Cambodia isn't helping to stop poaching.
some of the animals at phnom m will r leave th rescue centre.
Poachers make lot of money {rom selling the body ts { animals.
Lucky, the elephant, was saved {rm poachers two months 9.

After you watch

Complete the summary of the DVD below using these words.

demand grind human itlegatty hrs profit ts rs vatuabte victims

Many wild animals in Cambodia are endangered because l hunt them and catch them
These hunters are called (2)
and they seriously
endanger the species which are their (3)
h are m tragic
examples. People sometimes buy wild iml to keep as pet. After while they find out
that they can't really look after it. At this point, most animals have lived with their
(4)
wrs too long and they 't go back to the wild. They must
looked after for the rest of their lives, usually at iml (5)
centre.
(1)

gibbons h particularly hard time. h are type of monkey. At the centre they tell
the story of monkey which was kept in tiny bird 9 for two years and still needs help
to become healthy a9ain.

Howeve1 other endangered species, such as elephants and

tigers, r often killed for their body parts which are very
(6)
The poachers (7)
some of th parts into powder. h, they process the powdeand sell it. As long as there is great (8)
fothese parts, the problem of illegal poaching will continue and
The
hrs will making hug (9)
staff at hm Tamao Rescue centre have to work fast. Thev
want to s these animals d try to (10)
as many of them as they can back into the wild, r at least give
them sa{e l to live in for the rest of their lives.

Discuss these questions with partner.

.
.
.

Are thr endangered species i r utr?

What r they?
Does illegal poaching exist in your utry? What type?
How animals threatened poaching protected?

-1

_]

: i]ii_ |J.

,]; :-i:-i:]i":

l_;: i],:
.-,::]

:]n

i,] i ,,i

lii

;':

'..i-i:

'l],] i"i-L:

article, multiple matching

fashion and shopping-related words, phrasal verbs, wrd formation
causative, inversion: under irumts, r, not only ... but also, it|s
(oboutlhigh) time
muItipIe-choice questions
talking about fashion, comparing photographs, giving yourself time to think
review, supporting your arguments

It

]]

l
l

:o,vde,
for
_.d

-
.

give

type?

:ected?

-- -

Masked monkc'dance i traditional

tsech,.r

tival

in Buhtan, Asia

l"

|,,'f
. ?"},)lLrfon
l!|]t]
"9
,{,

How important is fashion to you? Compare

it to the following:

.
.
.

education

good health
Sport

.
.
.

v intoge clothing: clothes

frm the post that of
high quolity d la\ting
value

art
music
literatl]re

Lycra ": stretchy

material usd e'pecially
fr mkig clothes which

What kind of people wld consider

{ashion to important?

fit tightly

charity shop| shop i

which charity sells used
good\ which r donated

Quickly read the text and find two people

wh haven't hgd part of their look
since the 80s.

the public

Looking at fashions ot hg eras, it's difticult not

to laugh. Just look at old photos of your r with
perms, wearing sherrUits d shoulder pads. Yet,
tfiis is /ht was fashionable i the 80s. we talked to
four people who lived through the 80s, aftectionately
kw as 'h Decade That Fshi Forgot!'

look Started With m hair. l loved the big, spiky

look. l got it cut regularly d then l'd have it dyed.
natural colour iS red, but l'd get it dyed White blonde. of
course, lthought it WaS extremely Stylish, though l look
at old photos now d just cringe, Make-Up Was equally
important. l Used lots of black lir
around my eyes- At the time, l thought
it made m look mysterious, And

then there were the clothes.

LeggingS Wr the coolet thing

back then. l rmmr ig
Sm at lU Wearing black
lace IeggingS and
thinking they Were
the coolest
thing ever.
FunniIy

enough, they're back in fashion now! l also Wore lot of

vintage clothing becaUSe not only WaS it affordabIe, bUt
also very good quality, ln ft, l Still buy vintage stuff there'S nothing in the Shops to match it for style.

kids ask me to ShoW them photos of myself

fr l got married and it'S really mrrSsig.
The clothes we wore then look ridiculous w, But
to honest, l don't know what's worse - the shoulder
pads We Wr then or the baggy trousers my daughter
Wears W. She looks like overgrown in big
Saggy . AS for my s, Why does he think that he
looks cool Wh he Wears his jeans So low down? ln't
it funny how Something So awful considered
attractive! We Wr influenced Singers jUSt aS kids
are today, but Singers in the 80S Wr pretty tm
compared to Some that are around today, l don't know
What l'd do if m daughter m home looking like theml
What l rmmr most of all iS that We loved getting
dressed Up and We Werenl afraid to make fool of
oUrselves. l Suppose Some things never change.

Everything WaS big in the 80S - jewellery, Shoulder pads

and hair. You either rd Ur hair in half can of
hairspray, or you had it permed. l got mine permed
because lWanted to look like Kylie Minogue. lthink
She looks much better now, and l hope l do, too. What
l remember most about the 80S WaS Lycra". lt WaS
every,lvhere. lt became popular When keep-fit clothing
crossed r and m part of mainstream fashion,
l used to Wear tight pink Lycra 3 leggings With black
legwarmers or puff-Skirt, and high heels. l Still Wear high
heels because l'm the short side, but l wouldn't dreanT
of Wrig the rest of the outfit! What amazes m iS tha,t

Read the article again to find the following information.

Which person/people ...

mentions make-up?

says fashion trends tur?

mrs bad fashion with another?

didn't dress like his/her friends?

ikes good quality clothes?

doesn't like what his/her hildr wear?

bought second-hand clothes?

changed his/her hair lur?

td his/hr own look?

9
10

feel mrssd about what they wore?

11

Lls-U
Fr mUltiple matching tasks in Which
different people de5cribe or give their
opinion about Something, attention
to any negative Statements that are made.
There are often questions aboUt the5e
such as,'Who doesn't ,..?}Which rs
WoUldn't .,.?; etc,

-8

a12

Get the meaning!

Complete the sentences with these words.

teggings heets
1

hate wearing shoes wih higb

need to hg the baby's

red

IMum, have you seen my

l Want to Wr them under my pink skirt.

affordable mistrm ridicu[ous

aoq

,8,

4 Take that hat off! You

look

This necklace is very expensive, but the rigs

prefer vintage clothes

to

fashion,

lcl '
),

Here are some looks from the past. What do

you think of them? How do they mr to

today's trends?

Ide r

hter

bis

the
Sn't
d

dS

Ithem]
,]g

padS

of

vhat
ig
io n,

r high

dream
that

iS

W daughter Wears leggings W l suppose it

ust goes to ShoW that trends m and go .., and,
,h you least expect it, they're back!

.,ra{i1 g?*gfl

Fr me, the 80S Were ll about music and fashion,

'd Watch m favourite bands on TV and then try
to rrt their look in Way that Suited me. l
iked wearing dinner.iackets With Striped Shirts and
]eans - the jacket made me feel sophisticated
though l was from rough neighbourhood.
Rolling up the Sleeves made the elegant jacket look
casuai, d made me think lWas cool, l USed to get
the jackets at charity Shops because l couldn1 afford
high Street prices. friends, the other hand,
preferred Wearing T-Shirts and ripped jeanS With the
]atest trainers, Whatever We Wore though, We tried to
]ook like individUalS. lt SeemS to me that these days,
teenagerS just blindly modelS and SingerS; they
donl develop their W Styles, son disagrees,
though; he SayS that today'S fashion is much more
original than it WaS i the 80s. thinks that the Way
We USed to dress iS laughable.

'i Oigrfli

Match these words related to fashion and shopping 1-8 with their definitions -h.

1 refund

2 rit t]
3 aisle

4 shop window ]
5 ll
tr
6 catwalk
7 checked
8 striped

lg thin platform where models wa]k to display clothes

rrW 9 between rws of shelves

complete the sentences using both words.

r9

quantity

urhs bargain

mum believes i quality over

where the

so she shops at boutiques

is small, but exclusive.

shopahotic shop[ifter
shop.
simply thief.

5uit5

the th hand, is

fits

rw

asked if l could
refused, so lguess l'll have to
instead.

you.
?

Not the travel

to hand me the clothes

ff discount
Don't miss ur

special

designer Shits! Come in next week and get

fantastic

Complete the text with these words.

casuaI designs fabrics high-heeted modeLs outfit sh smrt

lt all t the clothes!

welcome to Fshi week! lt's all hig hr! Everywhere you look, thr
r beautiful (1)
wrig clothes, clothes,glorious
-

clothes! h followers of fashion are out i full force, and this year's
(2)
r 5r to please everyone {rom the rd
()
looking for rs-rid
(4)
to the rich d famous searching {r that one-ofa-kind gw. Yesterday's catwalk show featured (5)
shoes d boots Wr With dresses and skirts. The ight and lufl {lw
prints and soft siik (6)
r sure to popcrlar. s fr
the rnen's collection, jackets wr with baggy trousers made for a(n)
(7)
yet (8)
look suitable
fr hard day at the office, r fun-filled evening out on the town.

150

his tuxedo

rhu catatogue

Well, the colour til

Wh not try it and see if it

exchange rtr

!h
becau::

|'ve made fantastic

designer dress was

got it at half the ri.

hir

is someone who lives to

ll, l'd like to

these
shoes fr larqer size, please. Also, l want to
this shirt and get my money
back. Unfotunately, it's too big.

i shop

ttr of squares, usually of two colours

d the frt of shop where goods displayed
m back fr somethin9 you bought
t pattern of lg rrw lines { different ls
9 piece of r r plastic attached to something that gives ifrmti
about ri, material. etc
h piece of r showing that U h bought something

Do you agree with these statements? Compare your answers with rtr.
. lt'S better to wear fabrics made of cotton. silk r wool than synthetic ones.
. ig shopaholic is illness.
. I people wear the latest fashion in clothes even thouqh it might not suit them,

ausative

Look at the sentence and then answer the questions below.

celeities h their clothes made for them famous designers.

1
2
3
4

Do m celeities make their w clothes?

Who makes the clothes?

Which auxiliary verb is used?

what

is the form of the main verb?

Complete the rules.

u5 the causative to say that we rrg fr somebody to do something for

+ obl'ect + past
of
rtiil. When we Want to mention the agent, we use the word .

"/ We form the causative with the correct form

:s.

Tick the sentence which contains the causative.

1
2

:!.]-

Bill had exchanged the damaged belt before he went to work.

Bill had the damaged belt exchanged before he went to work.

f
!

'W also Us the caUative to talk about unpleasant experience that hS to somebody.
L had hr favourite dress ruid the drycleaner's,

Read 12.1 ol the Grmmr Reference page 175 before you do the tasks.

Complete the second sentences so that they have similar meaning to th first sentences. Use the
causative and the word in bold.

2
3
4
5
6

Jh is polishing his father's shoes, is

Jh father

John.

h shop assistant didn't wrap the gifu for us. wrapped

We didn't

fr us the shop assistant.

Sus is collecting Mrs Lit shig frm the department store. having
MrS

Linton

{rom the department Store Susan.

Someone has stolen my mm bag. hd

lV]um

aunt is gig to Shorten my new jeans. have

my aunt.
The young dsigr will h made Betty's dress the end of the month. hd

BettyWillbytheoungdesignerbytheendofthemonth'

D Answer these questions using the causative.

Did you style your hair yourself?

No,

hairdresser.

Does your mum do the grocery shopping?

No, my mum

the housekeeper.

Will your thr mend his boots?

No, my rthr

at the shoe repair shop.

Did you and r sister use to do your w washing?

No, we used

our mum.

Do you ir your shirts?

No.

fr me.

r you going to return the Suit?

No,

my friend.
15,|

Lqsi-

t,
!

Lira"n to short interview with the editor of leading {ashion magazine

and fill i the missing words below.

'l
2

h speaker spends ut
h
l
The soeaker
speaker savs
says that sh
she is
()

in

the fashion industry,

Now look at the questions below and choose the correct answers.

How mh { hr working time does

the speaker spend in r office?

of hr time i her office.

rJ all of it

about ha]f { it
r little of it

What does th speaker say about hr evel

of knowledge in the fashion industry?
She's J rtl left l ege,
r only ri is { modellinq.
She's very experienced in the industry.

Underline the words in which contained th rrt answers. Are they the
same as the words you wrote in ?

D i

you will hr radio presenter interviewing

someone at an event. you will hear the interview
in three parts. After each part u will hr some
questions about that part. hs the correct
answers, , or .
Part

l thiS type

oftask,

it r important to
take notes 5 u ljsten
becauSe Won't hr
the qUestions Until
after you've heard each

section of the interview

Lls-U

event rgi5r

fashion designer

top model

every year
r two rs
every thr rs
enter modelling cornpetition

vote for their favourite models

take part in photo sessions

health & fitness advice

advice on what colours to wear

make-up advice

Part ll

rt lll

l
I

152

the shops selling clothes

the live catwalk shows
the make-up and wedding dress sections
have it cut in ui at the event
pick up uhr
tr competition

people's old clothes

recycled plastic bottles
19i materials
lt mr expensive than thr clothes.
lts quaiity is r.
lt not r ulr,

,l

.g
l

>kl/)

Wrk with partner and answer these questions.

.
.
.
.

Put tick next to the fashion-related adjectives that r positive and cross next to those that r negative.

1
2

4
5

Do you like shopping f new clothes? Why?/Why not?

How important is it for you to wr fshi clothes?
what kind of clothes do you usually wr?
Do you choose what lr clothes to wr depending your mood? Give example.

stylish
com{ortable
mdr
beauti{ul

r quality

t]

6
7
8
9

10

ugly

well-made
rsll-rid

old-fashioned
expensive

Work with partner and answer the questions about the photographs. of you should
student and th thr should stdent . Remember to s the Useful Expressions.

Lls-U
Student

: mr photos

1 and 2 and say what kind of situations each style

of clothes would suitable for.

student : What kind of clothes do you prefer to Wr most ofthe time? Why?

When taking part in

conversation, it is
important that U give
Ur5lf and r partner
time to think. Most
conversation5 often h
5hort paUses qiving the
5peakers both the tjme
to take in what the thr i
rs has Said and the :
time to think about what
they Want to say next.
]

Student : mr photos and 4 and say how these l are involved

r,
i

in fashion.

Student : Which job would you rfr?

(:i@n
Discuss these questions with rtr.

.
.
.

what kind of clothes are in fashion now?

Do u think it good thing that fashions hg every year? wh?vh not?

Do the clothes person wrs ifl what you think of them? wh?vh t?

U|l {,xpress\oyls
Giving yourself time to think
NoW, lt see ...
Ju5t moment, please.
|'m not 5r, Perhaps ...
Wht the Word l WaS looking for?
What did l/you Want to 5?

15

! Vtlr
phrasal verbs

Match the phrasal verbs 1-8 to their meanings -h.

1
2

4
5
6
7
8

do up
take up
put on

Wear out

t]

try

L]

take off
take in

_]

dress up

f
g
h

t]

wr clothes that r smart

make clothes smllr and tighter
{asten something with zip or button

shorten clothes folding u the btottom edge and Stitching it

use something so muh that it becomes useless

place clothes your body and wr them

see if piece of clothing fits you r looks i
remove clothes frm your t,ody

Complete the sentences with phrasal verbs from .

1

Make sure you

Please

the dress f you buy it. lt looks r big.

t,oots
before you come inside. h'r covered in mud.
ur
r coat fr you leave. lt freezing outside.
ur trainers r quickly if you jog every day.

4 You will
5

you don't need to

She has lost iot of weight d hs to

l must have put Weight because i can't

lvlv w ieans r too

fr dinner W'r l going out for pizza.

ll hr clothes.
m skirt!

lono so Mrlm will

them

for me,

word formation

Complete the sentences With the correct {orm of the words.

1

belt and lurful srf are great

Being

Kate N4oSS has ught out

Street ShopS, AFFoRD

4 The models at the photo shoot looked

to make your outfit stand out. ACCESSORISE

very expensive! Designer clothes cost ft! FASH|ON
rg of clothes that you buy in the high

so

l love ur new earrings! You always wr such

Dolce & Gabbana's new

The fanrous singer has quiLe ar

and stylish. ALTERNATE

h sell their clothes

lovely
is fantastic,

']

hr r

. JEWEL
so m nice clothes. COLLECT

way of dressing. 5h always looks so l

to the biq department str in London's West End. EXCLUS|VE

Read what the different students say about fashion. Do you feel the same? Discuss with rtr.

l love being fshi and always

gr the opportunity to dress up
and look glamorous. l don't care
if the clothing is expensive eitber.
I{ want to wr clothes from
designer's latest collection, you
h to lot of m for the
items, lthink it definitely worth it!

,l54

they wr all dressed up. GLAMOUR

don't care about the

latest fashions, l think
having alternative
style makes you Stand
out from th crowd and
shows your personality.
l

lnversion: Under irmsts, r &

not l .,. but also

We use negative word or hrs at the

giig of sentence for emphasis. Read the
sentences below and notice how the word order
changes in st . h answer the question
below.

l have r s so many beautiful shoes.

Never h lseen so m beautiful shoes.

What happens to the subject and the verb when

Never at the beginning of the sentence?

lt's (about/high) time

Look at the sentences and answer the questions.

1

we can also use under irmsts and

Not only ... but also for emphasis. Look at the

sentences below and complete 1 and 2 with

the subject and verb.

D
SE

UR

,slvE

,]

lk
a

rd
and
lity.

h stylists not l choose the clothes, but

they also choose the jewellery.
Not only
th clothes.
but they also choose the jewellery,
You r't allowed to use m credit card udr
circumStances.
under no circumstances
to use my credit card.

lt time you bought some good quality clothes.

lt t time l bought something {r myself.
lt high time h had haircut.

Do these sentences refer to the present or the

paSt?

what

is th tense of the main verb in these

sentences?

Complete the rules.

We use It (_/
)time + _tense
complain about or criticise something or someone.

to

Read 12.2-12. of the Grammar Reference page 175

before you do tfi task.

choose the correct answers.

Not l lot of m. but they also m

famous.
models are rig
do models r
models r

2 Never such rude and noisy customer.

have lseen
l have seen
lsaw
lt high time some new tris.
bought
have bought
did buy
4 Under circumstances my favourite jeans.
u Wr
you wear
are u gig to wr
5 Never so many bargains!
I hadn't seen
hadn't lseen
had lseen
6 lt'S about time We to the 5ale5.
have gone
Went
9

Under circumstances
receipt.
can you hg
you can't exchange
do you exchange

the jacket without the

Not l _ very expensive. but it is also very oldfashioned.

that dress is
that dress was
i that dress

Wrrti4
5upporting your arguments
When you express your opinion about film or event in review, you
make your arguments mr convincing giving examples of what you are
talking about. We use the following language to introduce examples: r
ml, ..., Fr instance, ..., ... such as ,.., One ml of this was .,., his
was particularly ius/ti wh .,., Take .., for ml d l this/
case,... .

Match the arguments

1
2
3
4
5

'l

_5

with the supporting examples -.

inexperienced.

The models were obviously

h colours used went really well

together

lt was obvious the udi wasn't

[l

impessed. f-l

The show was given

Wrong
grt ViWs.

one critic said

the best show he'd r seen.

LotS { the equipment Went

it was

Fr example, several l left during the interval.

ln case, model was looking down at her feet as she was walking.
This included things such as the lights t working and the music system kig down.
This was particularly noticeable with the rgs and yellows used the first designer.

Read the writing task and choose from the sentences , the one which best fits each 9 (1-5).
Yu rt/ attended fashion show that u weren't impressed with. Yu h seen thb umt fashicwebsite and decide to write about the shw you saw.

Hare votl gt l fshi? Doe, rrigrtt

j."" ..,rl,rik life appeal to rou? h
,. '.

""
ith",, b,'.od,b n"d
;,.i;.;;;;;;Gth,
,h* yorl dd, The

.,'..l.r,r", -,", ,
",,i..i*, ''ill . uishd

ur ,,ir,

1
2

What do you have to write?

Will you write in positive r negative way? Why?

What kind of things should you focus ?

Will you write about it in objective way r frm
rsl point of view? Wh?

Write your review.

Read the model review and put the example sentences in the correct places.

Fashion week ls
.As fllwr of fashion, l look fwrd to attending the big events in

the fashion ldr. (1)

This promised to the best eve1
and was opened new designer Moldo, However, the show turned
out to very disappointing.

Moldo was presenting his Summer Collection. The designs, though,

Wr m Suit for autumn. (2)
l addition, the clothes Were
impractical.

As

(3)

the designs weren't brad enough, the show itself had some major
Another
ms, IMany models wr obviously inexperienced. (4)
low point WaS the music, (5)
if

The show was means u to standard and rtil didn't do lot

for Fashion Week's reputation. Let's hope next year's show will better.

,l56

Fr instance, the trousers were too

long for to actually wr.
l case, of them fell off the

caMalk.

Take Fshi Week for example,

which l haven't missed for the last
{ive years,

Old songs groups such as The

Beatles were unsuitable fr mdr
fashion show.

Eor example, the colours of the

fabrics used were only rw
and grey.

-cok 9i

Read the model review again and tick the things the writer has done.
,1

used appropriate title

given kgrud information to the event

described some negative and some positive

given m es of things that made bad

commented the consequences of the show

covered ]l points mentioned in the task

L]

points
impression

L]

Write the correct paragraph number next to these descriptions.

Dsri some gri rlms with the show.

Provide some background details and say which show will reviewed.
Dsi the clothes modelled.

Makeageneral comment the consequences ofthe show forthefuture.

Complete the sentences with words from the Useful Expressions.

1
2

l like fashion. l'd say l'm ()

lenjoy i9
l

bUt l'm dein:tely not (.)

and working in the sLudio, b,ut l'd hate to (t

a(n)

don't like being watched!

At

This is grt
isn't appropriate.

a(n)

Nina designs

iike high heels

r to you

t]
t]

, models walk down the

but l think you should us

different

and

fr it, Wool

{or th h.

Read the writing task and make rgrh plan for your review.
Remember to support your arguments with examples.
yu h seen thb umt on fashion website d decide to write
about show you saw that made positive rmpression on you.

Lls-U
Before yoU

Fshi U)ebsite
What Was the highlight of
this year's Fashion Week
for you? Was there show
that particUIarly impressed
you? Then Write uS review
describing the collection,
the models and the show in
9rl. The best ones Will
appear on our website.

Write ur review.

dr

(1

20-1 80

Sta

rt Writin9,

Underline all the things in

the ta5k u 5hould include
in r review. Make
Separate noteS for them and
decide which ofthe words
from the Useful ExpresslonJ
yoU coUld U5e to describe
each one. Don't forget to
include examples.

words)

l)s|l {rss\,s
Describing fashion

acce55orie5 design

catwalk
clothes
collection

designer
evening Wr
fabric

fashion show
high heels
fashion victim
model
follower of fashion swimwear
footWear

Useful adjectives
(in)appropriate
(in)experienced
(im)pactical

colourfuI
d ull

(Un)impresSive

trendy

(un)5uitable

fashiona ble

157

..

,l,.

i l ,-

i]

_l

How mh do you know about silk? Look at the statements below and write

for true or F for false.

'l
2

4
5
6

Siii<worms l eat the leaves of the lVul,rr tree.

si l<worm needs week to grow to

fu

maturity.

lt takes si l<worm fu days to t its .

h of silkworm is usua] v k_
is made of thrd that is lut 800 metres g,
You need appoximate]y 1,000 si kwrm cocoons to make metre of si [{ri,

Watch the DVD and circle the words you hear.

']

4
5
6
7
8

h affected it, but at factory hr, the ways of the

past

{ th d ".i: 5]. i._i.i,l;

;.

,'

i.,] the same,

r, the continuous is
ooms riqs back to the past,
These noisy 19t tu ooms create some of the world's finest si k {is fr uti5 and text] es L;l -
Above him, thr r specia r cards that rr the designs fr compllcated ]..t_er-5 // .].s q.s, "

sTc

Hand-made silk also makes specia noise and ,ttr h ds its : -; l,.e , [l:rll.
h, the threads r rrd dig to bow they will g,r'1,",: .1gl:r;],

is l-n.]e :L ]ii]:.l , lj._ji:] ] l i:]._:.

lt seems that the Setiflcio has l ]el-i ,
_-l l,-l the t of ma<ing si
r piece of coth

"

k,

Complete the summary of the DVD below using these words,

ijieciIon

a.lw.j

i;Ii"lc i-l;

a]a:;s i"ij|]

lh;d

.r/;ii;,;

The Antico Setlflcio Fioretlno is also kw as the Antique Si k Factory of F . h silk produced at the Antique
Sill< Ftr i Flr is different frm that produced in otber factories, At this special {actory, th fri is hd-w
antique (1)
whih wr built ] 1780.
h the same (2)
principles tht have used fr hundreds of years, fr the weaving
even begin5, the silk ()
is ssd machines that r ] 50 r5 d. The workers have to place
the si l< thread the bobbins very carefu so it doesn't twist durig the weaving
(4)
, h then work slow and weave thread at time.
h silk that comes {rm th factories usually hs about ,000 to 4,000 threads uig
n one (5)
h piece offabric, (6)
, the
hand-made si k has about ] 2,000 threads i th same space th]s makes b,etter
qua ity (7)
that is also much stronger,

hr umr of thr diffrs between the two types { silk, First of l ,

the hand-woven fi ooks muh mr beautifu: its lur changes i different
Jighting conditions, Second , it h ds its 5h better than mh] made s] k,
hr is other unusua difference: the hand-made sill< makes different noise
wh you (8)
ur hand r tlre fil

At the Antico Setificio Firti, style ancl tradition come together i

beautifu

hand-woven si k fabrics.

158

''

,}

Discuss these questions with partner.

.
.

';'"

What other hand made products you think of?

Do u think lt's worth the time and flrt to do things l hd
r iS it lttr to us machines when possible? Why? / Why t?

&

Units

11

&12

O^vl^r
-

Match.
1

police

L-

commit
plead

shop

community

sr

L-]

Lr

f
g

sentence

window
crime

service
rrd
9uilty

the law

irl the correct prepositionS.

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

'Take up / offthose muddy shoes now!' she told m,

Kate i5 not familiar to / with the trends i fashion these days.

Athletes usually wr up / out their tirs ry fast.

Stylists are responsibLe with / f choosing celeity's clothes.

' careful you don't dirty u shirt or you'll get t / into tru,'
The didn't get away at / with stealing. The police caught him.
'You are in / under arrest fr the burglary at 24 Ri Road,' said the officer,
lt's very cold, so you might want to do in / up yourjacket.

Shoplifting is a9ainst / frm the law and you can get huge fine,
Everyone has to put off / on slippers before entering the house.

,_ complete the sentences With both words.

1 rfud djscount

Sa es assis+ants get
of the products in the shop.

You must rtr the dress within 14 days if you

Want

atibi

motive

can't guilty of the rim because h has

a(n)

Police try to find a(n)

they investigate crime.

when

[abel receipt
Jane liked sweater, ut when she saw the price
the
sh put it back.
Don't lose your
in case
U Want to exchange these jeanS.

stal

lf you
called shoplifting.

frm shop, it's

was arrested because h tried to

bank.

theft thief
began his life of rim as
and went to burglaries be{ore he was caught.
hr r cameras all over the shop to prevent

tri[

verdict

The defendant was hoping for not-guilty

lasted for months and was

h
in the news every day.

bargains purchases
Mary usually makes hr Christmas
at the last minute.
Let's go to the mall. l heard there r m

suits

fits

h shirt is lovely and it really

your colouring very much.

Look, my black skit
after ll the weight l lost.

me now

,!

59

Units 11&

(rvr

Complete the sentences with who, which, whose, where r when. h, tick the sentences where
that used too.

1
2

4
5
6
7
8

The lawye1

arrested last night, denied Stealin9 company money.

WaS

Jane bought lovely evening dress

Tony's father,

job involves lot of traveIling, is detective.

weekends r time
famous writer,
The thief
The policemen

L]

was rgi.

the tril accident happened,

This is the street

lot of arrests r made-

was 56 rs old, was murdrd last night.

given
was
two-year-sentence WaS taken to riS.
patroL the streets {oot make l feel sa{er.

t]
t]

Complete the sentences with present or past participle using these verbs.
investigate live ff se[[ 5t take wait watk

1
2

The young m
to 9 to prison,

to two months of community service Was lid t

lt must very unpleasant fr l

of crimes.

in areas with high number

h depaftment Store

great discounts WaS fUll of customerS yesterday

4 h pictures
5

Police

6 Those l
7 l\4ost of the clothes

at the crime 5 show how the house was rk into.

the rim are lkig fr three m in their 20s.

outside the Urt are journalists,

8 h top model

in thi boutiq.le are very expensive,

the catwalk at the mmt i5 m Sister,

Complete the second sentences 5 they have similar mig to th first sentences. Use the words
i bold,

The police had never seen such terrible rim. s

Never

such trril crime-

The hairdresser is going to style Dil hair tomorrow. hair

Debbie is going
You should go home now s it's getting late, high

lt

bv th hairdresser tomorrow.

W because it'S getting late.

large department store will seJlthe w designer's clothes. his

The new designer

lrg dtmt store.

hrli was charged with burglary and assault, charged

6
7
8

160

Not only

ut he was also charged with assault.

Mum does my aunt'S nails r two weeks. gets

alrnt

lum every two weeks.

Martin's r was stolen last week. had

rti

ast Week.

Employeesshould r forget to set the lrm wh closing the office. no

U dr
{orget to set the lrm wh closing the office,

lnfinitive

beat
become
begin
bite
blow
break
rig
broadcast
build
ur
buy

catch
choose
m
co5t
cUt
dea

do
draw
drm
drink
d

rive

eat
fa ll

feed
feel
fi9 ht
find
fly
forecast
forget
9et
give

groW
have
hr
hide
hit
hold
hurt
keep

know
lead
lea rn
V
{end
]et
176

Past Simple

Past Participle

was/were
beat
became

t
brecome
begun

bega

bit
blew
broke
brought
broadcast
bui t
burnt
bought

bitten
lown

lrk

brought
broadcast
bu iIt

urt
bought

cou ld

caught
chose

cost
cUt
dealt
did
drew
dreamt
drank
drove
ate
fell
fed
felt

fought
found
flew

forecast
forgot
9ot
gaVe

Went
9rew
had
heard
hid
hit
held
hurt
kept
knew
led
lea r t
left
lent
let

caught
chosen
come
coSt
cUt
dealt

done
drawn
dreamt
drunk
driv
eaten
fal
fed
felt
fought
found
flown
forecast
forgotten
9ot
given
9
9rown
had
hrd
h idden
hit
he]d

hurt
kept
known
led
lea r

left
le nt
let

lnfinitive
lie

li9ht

Past Simple

Past Participle

lay

lain
it
lost
meant
made
l]let
paid

lit
lost

lose

make
lTeet

pUt
read
ride
ig

meant
made
met
paid
proved
put
rd |rd]
rode
r9

ise
rU

roSe
r

said

See

SaW

sell

sold
5ent

p1,oVe

send
Set
shake
shine

Set

sh ut

shook
shone
showed
shot
shut

sing

Sa

show
shoot

9
sank
5at
slept
slid
smelt

sin k

Sit

slide
smell
speak
speed
spend
sta nd
S

stick

spoke
sped
Spe nt
stood
stole
stuck

stin k

stan k

SWeep

SWept
SWam

stea1

swim
t.]Ke

teach
te]
think
th rw
ndersta
wa ke
u

Wr
wi

write

took
taU9ht
told
thoUght
threw
understood
woke
Wore
W
Wrote

rV
pUt
read Ird]
ridden
ru9
rise

rU
said
Seen
sold
Sent
Set
shaken
shone

shown
shot
ut
9
sunk
Sat
slept
slid
sh

SU

sm e]t

spoken
sped
spent
stood
stolen
stuck
stunk
SWept
SWum

taken
taught
to]d

thought
th rw

understood
woken
Wr
W
Written
177

lnformal letter / email to pal

Wh writing an informal letter/email to l.

.
.
.
.

make it lr why you r writing.

use i{rml, friendly language and short{orms ofverbs. l]ud hrsl verbsandidioms,
ask lots { qUestions to keep tbe rdr interested.
ask the rdr to rl to you.

Pla

Greeting

Dr ,.., / Hi
r9rh

-,.,

lntroduce yourself and expJain wh u' writing,

m's ... / l'm .... / Let m tell about _..

Paragraphs 2 &
Give details about uslf, your friends and ur famiy. Ask the person questionS about
the same things. Talk about the things you have in common (if appropriate),
How m people are there i your family? f amily consists of .., / Da you get
wel] with .-. ? / mm d dad r .-- / How da you get With .., ? / We hive lots i
mm,..
Paragraph 4

Talk about things u like, Write about u hobbies d what you do in ur free time,
h ask for the same information frm the rs u'r writing to.
l'm ito .,, / l'm { of ... / l'm k ,,. / What do you .,. ?

Signing off
< the dr to Write back d sign of{,
That's all for w. / Write back s! / Looking forward to hearing frm you. / i

As

touch! / Love, ... / Take care, / fr w,

lfrml letter checklist

.
.
.
'

17

Have you followed the plan?

Have you used appropriate language?
Have you checked fr mistakes in 9rmmr/ spelling and punctuation?
ls your letter weJl organised and interesting fr the rdr?

t-

f.

Eormal letter / email

Yhen writing formal letter,/email,

.
.
.

clearly state the reason fr writing and what you want to h as resu t of ur

rrsd.
always polite and us formal language,
answer all the questions d/ rfr to al the points in the original letter/email

if

you r

r ying to Sm.

Pla

opening
Use forma greeting.

Dr Mayor, / Dr 9ir/Madam, / Dear r

Paragraph

..-

/ rs ..,,

lntroduce yourself and u rs for writing.

/ m the studt representative ... / l m writing to ifrm you .,. / h reason l m writing
is .,. / l m writing wjth rfr to ... / l m writing i rss to ur email / letter,..

r9rh 2
Give mr information about ur rs fr writing. l\4ake suggestions or
reco m m dations.

First|y, rgrdig .,. / l addition, .,. / lwould like to kw if/whether ... / 1would
grateful if you cou/d te// m ,.. / Please /et m know ,.. / l was wdrig if ,..

Paragraph

lVake thr point, discuss and make any frthr suggestions r recommendations.
lt wuld better to ... / solution wou/d to ... / a/ternative idea might to .,.
/ Would you /ike m to .,,? / lthink we shuld ... / lwould rmmd .-. / lwould also like

to

ask t ,..

Paragraph 4

Sum up ur arguments and give persona opinion (if rrit). Say what you want to

h next.
Given the above, it is m ii that ... / l think we/you should .., /
hk you in advance far ,., / l would rit it if you could reply s.

Closing

Use frml hrs for closing the ]etter.

!]oak lorward to hearing {rr yocl,
Sig off i appropriate way.
Yours faithflly,.,- (if you don't know the dr's m) r Yours sir/, ... (if you know
the rdr's m).

Frml letter checklist

.
.
'
'

Have you followed the l?

Have you used appropriate language?
Have you checked fr mistakes in grammar, spelling d punctuation?

t]

ls your letter/email wel1 organised?

,l79

lnformal email/ letter

When writing ifrml email/letter,

.
.

make it lr why you are writing.

use informal, friendly language and shrt forms of verbs. lld phrasal verbs and idioms.
ask lots of questions to keep the reader inteested.
ask the rdr to reply to u.
Pla n

Greeting

Hi ..., / Dear ..,,

Paragraph

Thank the rdr {or his/her email/|etter if rrit r ask about him/her and say why
you are writing.
hk you for your email. / lt wa grt to get ur email.
How are ? / l h u'r well.
That's why l'm writing. / As you know, ... / !'m writing to ...

Paragraph 2
Give details about why you are writing and say what neWS ' got.
l'mlig.,. / l'm thinking of ... / W' decided to ... / Did ttell U ut...?
Paragraph
Give more information.
i additio, ... / Also, ... / As {r

..,

/ the way

...

Paragraph 4

Finish off your writing and add final points you want to make.
Fill, ... / Let m know if, .,.,/ Rmmr to .,. / lcan'twaitto..,

Signing off
5 you s! / i touch. / That's all fr w. / Write back s! / Talk to you later!
Love, ...

Email checklist

.
.
.
.

Have you followed the plan?

Have you USed rrit |anguage?
Have you checked for mistakes in grmmr, spelling and punctuation?
ls your email/letter well organised and interesting for the rdr?

Story
Wh writing story,

.
.
.
.
.
.

few minutes thinking about how you want u story to deve and make notes.
make sure you include lr beginning, middle and end.
set the scene in the first rgrh and create strong atmosphere.
use rrti tenses such as the past simple and the past continuous.
use phrases to sequence events clearly,
rmmr to include adjectives and adverbs to add drama and suspense.

spend

Pla n

Paragraph

Set the s and introduce the main hrtrs. Ik the introduction sud interesting r
dramatic. Use the sentence you are given in the task i{ necessary.
As s as th d the door, they kw something ws wrong.

Paragraph 2
Give background lfrmti about the htrs and what is going ,
The s family hd bought this beautiful old hus in the country.
Paragraph 3
Describe the main events in order.
At first, ... / h, ... / h mmttt

.-.

/ whi!,

...

Paragraph 4
lntroduce twist i the story (if rrit).
That was wh -.. / S after that .., / Suddenly, ... / Just then, ... / As s as

..,

r9rh 5

Bring the story to d and say what the outcome was.

Eventually, ,.. / We r went to that area gi. / Sally knew it would r h again.

Story checklist

.
.
.
.

Have u followed the plan?

V you used appropriate language?

Have you checked {or mistakes in 9rmmr, spelling and punctuation?

ls r story well organised and interesting for the rdr?

t]

181

Article
When writing an il,

.
.
.
.

think about who you're writing for and use suitable Style.
write down ur ideas and select the best 5.
think of title that Wi|l get Ur reader'S attention.
make sure each rgrh begins with topic sentence.
use direct and indirect questions as well as va riety of short and lgr Sentences to captu re the reader's itrst,
put the main points o{your article into the middle paragraphs.

Title

Give your article eye-catching title.

mm ss fights the mm cold / fit and keep you shape
Paragraph 1
Get the attention of the rdr and introduce the topic of your article.
Have you r wonderedlasked yourself/thought about .,.
you imi .,,?

Paragraph 2
Give some basic information.
gi with, ... / Firstly, ..,
r9rh 3

Add extra important in{ormation,

Exercise speeds up your metabolism d hs you /ose weight mr easily.

rgrh 4

Give r personal {eelings hr. Say what you like or dislike.

h best thig is ,.. / l m ii, ... / s fr as l'm rd,

...

Paragraph 5

Summarise d give your opinion. Talk about future event (if apPropriate),
So, ,,, / Always try r best d r give up! / Rmmr rti is better than cure.

il checklist

.
.
'
'

182

Have you {ollowed the l?

Have u used appropriate language?
Have you checked for mistakes in 9rmmr, spelling and punctuation?
ls ur articie well organised and interesting fr the reader?

Review
When writing review,

.
.
.
.

think of suitable title for ur review,

try to catch the reader's attention in the first paragraph.
rmm,r to srt arguments with examples.
rmm to give r opinion i the last r9rh.

Plan

Title

Give r review eye-catching titie.

Para9raph

lntroduce What are reviewing,

r ... / Why t try ...? / lf you like ... / .,, is wrth tr .,,

r9rh 2
Describe what you are reviewing. Give the reader an idea of what you r writing about.
.,. set i ,.. / ... mis ... with .., / ... is ideal for ...
Fr example, ... / Fr ist, ...
Para9raph 3
Give further details about what .l are reviewing,
the way, ... / That doesn't m that, ... / the other hd
m/ of th]s, ... / l this case, ...
r9rh 4
End the review give your opinion.
l highl rmmd ... / l wuld't recommend

.,.

...

/ ... shou/d t missed

Review checklist

.
.
.
.

Have followed the plan?

Have you used rrit language?
Have you checked for mistakes in 9rmmr, spelling and punctuation?
ls r review well organised and interesting fr the rdr?

18:

Report
When writing report,

.
.

allow yourself time to l what you will including i ur rrt.

consider the advanta9es and disadvanta9es of each option.
think of Suitable title {or r rrt.
remember to use headings to organise your report and make your ideas lrr,
use frml language d Ig frms.

Plan

Title

Health & Safety at rsl rimry Shl

r9rh'l
Say why you r writing the report.
h aim/purpose of this report i5 to rst/rmmd/rviw/mi ,,. / This is
rrt ... / This r will rst the findings of ... / lt wjll also make suggestions/

rmmdtis for

...

/ ltwill also suggest/recommend/discuss/analyse ...

rgrh 2

Discuss the first point r option and evaluate it d/r make suggestions.
h first option is/would ,.. / This m good choice ... because ... / the other
h1,

there m some disadvantages.

Paragraph 3
Discuss the second point or option and evaluate it d/r make suggestions.
a/ternative possibility would to ... / Alternatively, ... / However, ... / This option has
severa/ advanta9e5ldisadyantages ..,
Paragraph 4
Bring the rrt to an d summing up the suggestions made. Recommend { the
options r r{r to future action.
/n /usi, ... / sum up, the mi recommendationslsuggestions are .. . / As
seen frr thi rrl ... / Fr these reasons, / feei that the best ti i5 .., ,/

Report checklist

.
.
.
.

Have you followed the plan?

Have you used appropriate language?
Have you checked fr mistakes i grmmr, spelling and punctuation?
ls your t well organised?

Essay
Wh writing essay,

.
.
.
.
.

think at,out the topic and your opinion on it.

St the arguments for and against the topic i r9hs 2 and .
use examples to 5ut the arguments you make.
summarise your arguments and express your opinion in the last 9rh.
use formal r semi formal language,

Plan

Paragraph

lntroduce the topic.

mm {r people to
Most peopie 5 that..It is

.,,

/ people feel that ... / l sometimes argue that ...

Paragraph 2

rst one side of the argument and give examples.

Firstly, .-. / the hd ... / Fr mI, ,.. / As result, ... / Moreover,

...

Paragraph
Present the thr side of the argument and give examples.
the other hd, ... / Anotber r 15 that.,. / However, ... / sqtl, ... / Fr

instance,..,

r9rh 4

Summarise your 9umLs and g've ur opirion.

On the wh/, ,.. / l lusi, ,,. / ld, .., / sum up, ... / l strongly believe

that...

Essay checklist

.
.
.
.

Have you followed the l?

Have you used appropriate language?
Have you checked for mistakes i 9rmmr/ spelling and punctuation?
ls ur essay well orqanised?

185

Using Iinking words

l the first photo .... but in the second photo ..,
l the first photo ..., while in the second photo ...
l both the first and th second photo, ...
Although in the firt photo ..., i the second ht ...
lf you look at the firsVsecond ht, ...
Talking about similarities and differences
similarity/difference between the two photos is ...
thr similarity/difference between the first and th
Second photo is that ...
The l similarity/difference l see between the two
photos is ..,
ln the first photo .,., whereas in the second photo ...
Both photos have/show ...
Neither of the photos have/show ...
Recommending
lthink th firsVsd option is best because ...
lt's better to ... than ...
|'d advise you to ...
recommendation/Suggestion iS that ...
Persuading and iig
|'m sure you'd 9r that... would hl solve the mystery.
But don't you think that ,.. is rll good idea?
Srl using ... won't make that much of difference.
... is

good idea, isn't it?

Sequencing your ideas

begin with ..,
Firstly, ...

Secondly,...

Well, for thing ..,

thr thing is that ...

l also believe tbat ...
Wht iS mr ...
Fill, ...
Last but not least. ...

Paraphrasing
Will robots r rl humans?
Will robots r do the job of bumans?
Technology has simpIified our lives.
hlg has made r lives easier.
you think of any fi / drawbacks of mobile phones?
r there advantages / disadvanta9es of mobile phones
that you can think of?

Expressing certainty
Without d, l'd say that ...
|'m certain / positive that ...
There's no dou in my mind that .,.

Expressing uncertainty
lt's hard to say, but ...
|'m not Sr.
l suppose (that) ...
lt's possible that ..., but ...

186

Expressing ii
Well, in m ii ...
lt Seems to me that .,,
Personally speaking, l thik-/fr .,.
l feel strongly that ...
5 l See it, ...
l certainly don't think that ,..
l (don't) think/believe ... is important because ...
You should(n't) ... because...
.,. is

good idea because..,

lt's not sh good idea to .., because ...

lt would better to .,. because ,,

Asking for clarification

Could you repeat that, please?

Would you mind repeating that, please?
|'m srr. l didn't quite get that.
Sorry. What do you m ...?
5howing that you r listening

Yes.
Ri9ht.
That'S an interesting point.
l see what you m,
l understand what you're saying.
That's exactly wht l Was thinking,

Considering alternatives

the hand. ...

the other hand, ,..
Although it's true that..., you could also say ...
Some might say .... but others think ,..

Stating preferences

think ... js much better than ...

honest, l'd r{r ...
l rfr.., -ing to ... -ing.
hr's comparison. l'd much rtr ...
l

Giving reasons
l say this because ...
The mi reason for my saying this is that ...
One of the rss l decided ... is that ...

lchose... because..,
l

suggest ... because ...

Suggesting alternatives

lnstead of.... he/she could ...

lf lwere him/hr, l'd ...
What about... -ing?
... might way rud the problem.

Giving yourself time to think

Now, let's see ...

JuSt moment .,.
|'m not sur. hs ...

What's the word l was looking fr?

What did l/u want to 5?

a9ainSt the laW

(U11)

launch new product

(U9)

at all costs

(U9)
(U7)

make difference
make profit

(U1)

ray of sunshine

as quick as lightning

(U7)

make progress

(U 5)

down to earth

(U 7)

(U9)

as good as gold

(U1)

make somebody redundant

make trouble fr somebody

gr with envy

(U,l)

md (my) ways

(U1

in deep water

(U7)

of{ the top of (my) head

(U)

snowed udr
tickled pink

(U7)

behalf of
pick (my) brains

(U

plead guilty

(Ul1)
(U)
(U1)

(U1)

(U5)

(U1)
,1)

(U9)

up and coming

(U

be/{eel under the weather

(U)

break habit

(U1)

k the ice

recharge (my) batteries

reject ffr

(U1)

Save (my) Strength

k the law

(U11)

save time

(U 1)

do business

(U5)

see rd

(U1)

do somebrody the world of good

do your trest

(U

set (my) sights on

(U 5)

(U 5)

set the wld fir

(U5)

feel blue

(U1)

solve case

(U11)

feel as fresh as daisy

get the sack

(U)

Somethin9 dates back to

tackle rim

(U6)

(U11)

take h

(U 5)

5)

(U9)

(U9)

go bankrupt
go into trShi
have police rd

(U 5)

take somebody surprise

(U9)

(U11)

(U5)

have in common

(U1)

take someone's l
th k sh of the family

have (m) head in the clouds

(U7)

throw in the towel

(U5)

hold onto somethin9

(U6)

udr rrst

(U,1 1)

in fact

(U9)

under pressure

(U,1 1)

keep promise

(U,])

wrk (my) socks off

(U 5)

keep in touch

(U,1)

work shifts

(U9)

(U

5)

(U1)

17

in
approve of

(U7)

drop

of
among the first
associated with
at risk of
i de
known as
t of wrk
surprised
under pressure
vaccinated against
blame somebody for
burst out of
surprise
r about
congratu]ate somebody
contriblute to
covered with
depend on
differ from
do research
dream of
familiar with
{ocus on
get engaged to
have effect on
have confidence in

(U 1)

(U3)

t, mmr

have (little/lots/something) in

fact
in my ii
in the world
lr from

(U11)
(U1)

(U)
(U9)
(U5)
(U9)
(U7)
(U11

(U9)
(U7)
(U9)
(U9)
(U9)

(U)
(U7)
(U)
(U7)
(U7)
(U5)

(U]

of
planet
time
to
to

reaction
rssi
shout
solution to
spread
succeed
surprised
the real;ty
the survival
the top
wrk
work with

at

(U 1)

(U])
(U])

mm

(U1)
(U9)
(U9)
(U5)

something

(U5)
(U5)
(U9)
(U5)
(U9)

with

for

rlm
to
i

of
of
of
something
somet,ody

188

1)

(U3)

in

make success of
on behal{
on the

attention
provide somebrody

(U)

(U'11)

(U9)
(U9)

(U]1)
(U1)
(U9)
(U5)
(U9)
(U7)

(U11)
(U7)
(U9)
(U3)
(U9)

back up
believe i
st off

ig out
bring round
check in
come up With
date back to
die out
dig up
do up
dress up

drop off
get around
9et away

get on
hold onto
hook up

lay somebody off

let out
log in
look into
make out
pass down

Pick out
pick up
put forward
put off
put
t up
ring back
ring in
see off
set off
Set out
Set up

set u
stick to

take
take
take
take
take

in
in
of{

r
take up
try
tu i
tu out
Wear out

work

= make ofthe work ur

= sur that something exists

:
:
:
:

mutr

(U4)
(U2)

space
something
convince somebody to hg their opinion
arrive at hotel and lect your key
= think of and suggest idea, solution, etc
= exist since rtiul time
= m extinct or disappear
= rm something frm the grd that was bruried
= fasten something with zip r button
= wr clothes that r smt
leave the ground and head for

(U4)

publish or produce

(US)
(US)
(U10)
(U4)
(U6)
(U6)
(U6)

(U12)
(U'12)

= take somebodY somewhere, usually in car or other Vehicle, and leave them thr (U10)
= move frm place to l
(U1O)
= succeed in escaping fm others
(U1O)

board l, train,

= keep
= connect to

=
=
=
=

(UlO)
(U6)

supply

sud
to computer

(U9)

make ti
gain acce5s

examine facts and in{ormation about

m9 to See Something

2)

Story, tradition, etc to Ugr

choose

(U4)

Something

(U2)
(U2)

generation

(U6)

9 and collect somebody in your r and take them somewhere

sh of ur ideas with others so they can discuss it

discourage

clothes on ur body and wr

assemble r

build

(US)

(u6)
(U12)

telephone somebody again, rtur call made to you

to tlh TV r radio show
wave goodbye to somebrody leaving from irt, station,

(U']O)

(US)

etc

start

(US)

(U10)
(U6)

(U]O)

= equipment fr use
= l talk about subject
= dishonest, trick, deceive
= make clothes smaller and tighter
= rm clothes from your body
= employ somebody
= begin to have tl of or responsibility fr someth -:
= shorten clothes folding - :h bottom edge s:::= see if piece of clothing iirs lol or looks nice
isten to radio rgrmm c.,,.,,a,ich TV

(US)

(U6)

them

jr
: start jr
= get something rd

(U4)

redundant

stop employing somebody, make somebody

= teach

=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=

power

etc

rgr--:

= stop listening to something , sc-ebody

= use something so much th: ': ..5 Use
= try hard to improve r achiere s)-e'l n9

eS:

(U4)
(U6)
(U2)
(U2)

(U12)
(U']2)
(U9)

-. :

(U6)

(Ur2)
(U12)
(US)
(US)
||J12

(U

Unit

Speaking

student

: Use the in{ormation below to answer Student '5 questions.

What

What are r options?

Tell him that the outfit isn't sit and ffr

to help him choose smLhi9 Lhat i5 more
md.

Say thig about the outfit and let him

9 to the rt i it, hoping for the best,

What is the disadvantage

of each option?

lf you tell him that the outfit isn't Sit, he

might very upset r think that you r being
unkind. might t want to your friend
mr.

lf people at the party make fun of his

outfit, h might gr with you for
not telling him that it WaS not Suitable.
might think it is your duty as his best
friend to tell him th truth.

Unit 1'l
5peaking

Student

: Use the in{ormation below to answer Student A's questions.

What is the problem?

Yur thr Nicholas is not doing well at school and h hs rtl become involved
with group of teenagers that go out at night and do graffiti. You think this is his way of
showing his dissatisfaction with his school d the system in general,

Option

What are your options?

What is the disadvantage

of each option?

19

talk to r
You go straight to r parents
and tell them everything you know
about Nicholas' behaviour. They will

option 2
talk to Nicholas
You talk to Nicholas directly and listen to how
he feels about school and what is happening in
his life in general. You can suggest that he joins

forgive you for speaking to them

hgig out with th teenagers and h may
instead of talking to him directly. Your eventually start committing more serious crimes
relationship with him would suffer. and get into tru with the police.