()

1 /

2~6
7~10

?
: , ,

?
1.
13 4 1 .
.
2. ()
40 56 ,
,
.
. (,
)
.
3.
, ,

I love her.

she loves you.

4. ()
.
. () 4
.
5. ()
(). 1956
,
.
) , ,
6. ()

. 1958
().

1.
-
- zhong
2.
: 21,

tin

: 39,
: 4,

1)
()

()

()

()

()

()

zh

ch

sh

()

2)

n, ng

ia

ua

uo

ie

ai

ui

ei

uei(ui)

ao

iao

ou

iou(iu)

an

ian

uan

an

en

in

uen(un)

ang

iang

uang

eng

ing

ueng

ong

iong

er

3)
. 4 ,
() .
.
1

(5-5)

(3-5)

(2-1-4)

(5-1)

ma
~?

(1)
- : , , ,
i , i ) m, jng
i u , ) li, gu
- : a >e = o > i = u =
(2)
- 3 : 3
3 + 1 3 + 1

hotng, w ch

3 + 2 3 + 2

n li, w li

3 + 3 2 + 3

n ho, xio l

3 + 4 3 + 4

n q, mil

- : 4 , 4 2
. 1, 2, 3 4 .
(y) +1, 2, 3 4

y tin, y nin

(y) +4 2

y c, y xi

(b) +1, 2, 3 4

b shu, b li

(b) +4 2

b xi, b kqi

, ?

,
,

1.
n ,

ma ( )

ho () ,

w ,

nn

hn ,

nmen , ( )

ne ( )

losh

y ~ ,

xixie

bba ,

mma ,

kqi

du ,

b kqi ,

tmen

du bu q

mi gunxi

zijin

2.
N ho ma?

?
W hn ho. n ne?

?
W y hn ho.

N bbamma du ho ma?

?
Tmen y du hn ho. Xixie n

Zijin

Zijin

Xixie

B kqi

Du bu q

Mi gunxi

3.
= men

= du

= sh

= gun

= xi

= jin

()
(People's Republic of China).
, 5500,
()
5200 . ,
,
, ,
. []
[]
22 () () 5 (
), 4 (), 2 ()
.

?, ?

, ,

1.
gu . .

xa ~(

xng ~.

gu xng

zh

jio ~ .

wi ,

zi ~ .

L ()

nr

xiojie

gngzu , ,

mngpin

Bijng Dxu

rnsh

nme

goxng .

li ,

jio

jisho

Hny

2.
Nn gu xng?

?
W xng Wng, jio Wng L. Nn ne?

?
W jio L Mi. Nn zi nr gngzu.

?
W zi Bijng Dxu gngzu.

Nme, nn sh losh ma?

?
Sh, w sh losh.

W li jisho y xa. Zh wi sh L xiojie.

Nn ho! L xiojie. Zh sh w de mngpin.

!
W jio L Mi, rnsh n hn goxng.

W y hn goxng, nn y sh losh ma?

?
Sh. W jio Hny.

3.
=

()
6,363, (,
Bijixng) 511 . ()()()
(), () 1/4 , () 1 .
. 25 14
), (), () 12 . , , , ,
6 .
() ()
. () () ()
.

?
?
,

1.
ji

nin ,

yu

du d

jnnin

ku ,

su

rn

le ~ ( )

ygng ,

y 1

g , , ()

r 2

bba ,

sn 3

mma ,

s 4

gge ,

w 5

jijie ,

li 6

h ~

q 7

yyun

b 8

difu

ji 9

dxusheng

sh 10

ninj

2.
N ji yu jku rn?

?
W ji ygng yu w ge rn.

N ji du yu shnme rn.

?
W ji yu bba, mma, gge, jijie h w.

N bba zu shnme gngzu?

Zi yyun gngzu, t sh difu.

N gge sh dxusheng ma?

?
Sh, t r ninj, nin zhngwen.

N jijie du d le.

?
T jnnin shb su le.

3.
=

10

?
?

1.
gu ,

lixushng

Hngu

ssh

zhnggu

ho ,

xux

lu

Bijng yyn Dxu

fngjin

bn ,

dinhu ,
hom ,

dushao ,
zh

2.
N sh ngu rn?

?
W sh Hngu rn.

N xux shnme?

?
W xux Hny.

N zi nr xux?

?
W zi Bijng yyn Dxu xux.

Nmen bn yu dushao xusheng?

?
Wmen bn yu shw ge xusheng.

jwi losh jio nmen?

11

snwi losh jio wmen.

N zh nr?

?
W zh lixushng ssh.

N zh j ho lu?

?
W zh q ho lu.

Nde fngjin sh dushao ho?

?
Wde fngjin sh 109 ho.

109
Nde dinhu hom sh dushao?

?
Wde dinhu hom sh 82307531.

82307531
3.
=

, ()
136 '()'
.
,
4 .
. 3:2. 3000
, 1949 9 27 1
10 1 .

12

1.
jntin

ba , ,

zutin

mngtin

xinzi ,

hutin

din

yu ,

ch ,

ho

fn

gu ,

xngq

k 15

xngqtin

bio

gngyun

zhn

wnr ,

do ,

zoshang

shjin

xing ,

kui ,

yq ,

ji

2.
Jntin j yu j ho?

?
S yu sh ho.

Xngq j?

?
Xngq li.

Mngtin N zu shnme?

?
W xing q gngyun wnr.

Wmen yq q ba.

13

Ho, mngtin zoshang w li jio n.

Xinzi j din le?

?
Ch w fn sh din.

B, xinzi sh din gu w fn.

W de bio hn zhn, xinzi sh ji din w sh w fn

Wng losh j din do?

?
Sh din y k.

Shjin kui do le, wmen q ji t, ho ma?

?
Ho ba!

!
3.
=

8(, B) . (fci, ) (f)
. (
gngx fci) .
9(, ji) (ji) .
. .
4(, s) . (s) .
.

.

14

1.
tinq ,

qch

znmeyng

lyu

tng , ,

jji

r ,

yuk

yjing ,

qhu

ydng ,

chntin

sj

xitin

fnmng

qitin

nunhuo

dngtin

lingkuai

chngchng ,

lng

zhme ,

ybn

ynwi ~

bsh

kngq

cu

wrn

jhu ,

gng ,

hunyng

ji ,

2.
Jntin tinq znmeyng?

?
Jntin tinq tng r de.

Sh a, yjng ho jtin mi xiyle.

Bijng xitin chngchng zhme r ma?

?
Ynwi kngq wrn, tinq gng r le.

15

Sh a, Jishng de qch tidu le.

Zi Bijng, chntin h qitin sh lyu de ho jji.

N yuk y ydng hndu ba.

Hngu de qhu znmeyng?

?
Sj fnmng, chntin nunhuo, xitin hn r, qitin lingkuai, dngtin bjio lng.

Nmen xitin znme gu?

?
Ybn du q bsh.

Bcu! yu jhu ydng yodo Hngu q knkn.

!
Hunyng n do Hngu li.

3.
=

, , , ,
. ()
, ()
()
. , ,
,
.

16

, ?
?

1.
ml

zhe ~

qng ,

ky ~

bngmng ,

wn ,

yo ,

Tinnmn

Nndmn

yzh ,

shchng

rnhu

shzlku

wngqin

l ~

qinbian

bjio

hngldng

yun

yu

di

zu

fnzhng

zi ,

ci

gui ,

nng

jish ,

zu

zu

gnggngqch

2.
Dubq, w mlle, qng bngbngmng.

Nn yo q nr?

?
Q Nndmn shchng, znme zu a?

?
wngqin zu, do le qinbian hngldng nr, zi wng yu gui jish.

Zuzhe q ky ma?

?
Ky.

17

Qngwn, q Tinnmn znme zu?

?
Yzh wngqin zu.

Rnhu ne?

?
Do shzlku, zi wng zu gui.

L zhr yun ma?

?
Bjio yun.

N di du chng Shjin?

?
Zu ssh fnzhng ci nng do.

N wmen zu gnggngqch q ba.

Ho.

Xixie nn.

Bkqi

3.
=

18

.

.
.
.

.

19

1.
mi ,

xioji ,

mi ,

zhng ,

shnme ,

pnggu

jin ,

jn ( )

yfu ,

xingjio

yu , ,

gng ,

pinyi ,

shngw

hokn ,

xiw

qin ,

ydinr ,

bi , 100

jingji

kui ,

lobn

bide

gk ,

2.
N yo mi din shnme?

?
W xing mi jin yfu.

Zh jin znmeyng?

?
Qng gi w knkn.

Zh jin yfu yu pinyi yu hokn.

Bcu. mileba. yjin dusho qin?

20

Ybikui, n yo jjin?

?
Gi w lingjin. ygng dusho qin?

?
Lingbikui, hiyo bide ma?

?
Byole. gi n qin.

Xioji, zhzhng pnggu dusho yjn?

?
Lingkui qin.

Gi w yjn. miyu xingjio ma?

?
Miyule, gng mi wn. xiw nn zi li mi.

Ho ba.

Nngbnng pinyi ydinr?

?
Wmen sh b jing ji de.

Yumiyu xio y ho de?

21

3.
=

( : RMB)

( : RMB(rnmnb))
(yun), (jio), (fn) 3 .

(kua), (mo) .
10 = ()10 = ()
.
, 2, 2

.

22

10

? ~

1.
shngri

yudinr

kuil ,

zh ,

du , , ~

ch

poci

zofn

ksh ,

wfn

Schun

wnfn

yuxi ,

shngk ,

hi ,

xik

xihu

yqin ,

znmen (

yhu

ci ,

cntng

cidn ,

yynwidng

bgu ,

2.
Mngtin sh wde shngr.

Zh n shngr kuil.

Qng n do w ji li wnr.

W xing qng n ch wnfn, hobho?

?
Ho a! n ji znme zu?

! ?
Mngtin xik yhu, wmen yq zu jishle.

23

10

Lingle b hoch, kui ch ba! Hngu ci znmeyng?

! ?
Hn hoch, bgu yudinr l.

Du, Hngu poci bjio l.

N yqin chguo poci ba?

?
Chguo. l sh l, ksh hn hoch.

Zhnggu Schun ci yuxi b Hngu ci hi l.

N chguo Schun ci ma?

?
W hi mi chguo Schun ci.

Sh ma? n xihu znmen yq q Zhnggu Cntng ch Schun ci ba.

?
Ho! yynwidng.

3.
=

24

10

4
4 . (
) ()
, ,
.
.
:
:
:
:

25