API 580 STUDY EXAM - 12 terms PRACTICE EXAM 1

1. A physical condition or release of hazardous material that could result from

component failure and result in human injury or death, loss or damage, or
environmental degradation.
(a) Hazard
(b) Loss
(c) Failure
(a) Hazard
2. Limitation of any negative consequence or reduction in probability of a particular
event.
(a) Mitigation
(b) Reduction
(c) Residual
(a) Mitigation
3. Methods that use engineering judgment and experience as the bases for the analysis
of probabilities and consequences of failure.
(a) Qualitative risk assessment
(b) Relative risk
(c) Nominal risk
(a) Qualitative risk analysis
4. An analysis that identifies and delineates the combinations of events and estimates
the frequency of occurrence for each combination and estimates the consequences.
(a) Quantitative risk analysis
(b) Qualitative risk analysis
(c) Process hazard analysis
(b) Qualitative risk analysis
5. (blank) uses logic models depicting combinations of events.
(a) Quantitative risk analysis
(b) Qualitative risk analysis
(c) Process hazard analysis
(a) Quantitative risk analysis (b) Qualitative risk analysis (c) Process hazard analysis
6. Quantitative risk analysis logic models generally consist of (blank) and (blank)
(a) Event tree and fault tree
(b) Product trees and loss tree
(c) Likelihood trees and consequence trees
(a) Event tree and fault tree

7. (blank) delineate initiating events and combinations of systems successes and

failures
(a) Event tree
(b) Fault trees
(c) Logic trees
(a) Event tree
8. The accuracy of any type of RBI analysis depends on what?
(a) Sound methodology
(b) Quality data
(c) Knowledgeable personnel
(b) Quality data
9. Fault trees depict what?
The system failures represented in the event can occur.
10. The susceptibility of each equipment item should be clearly defined for current
and projected operating conditions including what factors?
(a) Normal operation
(b) Upset conditions
(c) Normal start up and shut down
(d) Idle or out-of-service timer
(e) Emergency shutdown and subsequent start-up
11. Regardless of whether a more qualitative or a quantitative analysis is used, the
POF is determined by two main considerations:
a) Damage mechanisms and rates of the equipment item's material of
construction, resulting from its operating environment (internal and
external);
b) Effectiveness of the inspection program to identify and monitor the damage
mechanisms so that the equipment can be repaired or replaced prior to
failure.
12. Analyzing the effect of in-service deterioration and inspection on the POF involves
the following steps.
a) Identify active and credible damage mechanisms that are reasonably
expected to occur during the time period being considered (considering
normal and upset conditions).
b) Determine the deterioration susceptibility and rate. For example, a fatigue
crack is driven by cyclic stress; corrosion damage is driven by the
temperature, concentration of corrosive, corrosion current, etc. A damage
accumulation rule may be available to mathematically model this process.
Rather than a given value of the magnitude of the damage mechanism
driving forces, a statistical distribution of these forces may be available
(see API 579-1/ASME FF2-1).
c) Using a consistent approach, quantifies the effectiveness of the past
inspection, maintenance and process-monitoring program and a proposed
future inspection, maintenance and process-monitoring program. It is usually

necessary to evaluate the POF considering several alternative future

inspection and maintenance strategies, possibly including a "no inspection
or maintenance" strategy.
d) Determine the probability that with the current condition, continued
deterioration at the predicted/expected rate will exceed the damage
tolerance of the equipment and result in a failure. The failure mode (e.g.
small leak, large leak, equipment rupture) should also be determined based
on the damage mechanism. It may be desirable in some cases to determine
the probability of more than one failure mode and combine the risks.