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Carbon fibers have their strength along their length.

Therefore to have maximum


strength in the material, we have to orient the fibers at different angles so to
withstand load from all possible direction.
ISO STRAIN:
Total load is the sum of load on fibers and matrix layer:
P = Load

= Stress

= Strain

E = Youngs Modulus

Pc = Pf + Pm
cAc = fAf + mAm
Length of fiber and matrix layers are same, hence we replace are with equivalent
volume fraction:
cVc = fVf + mVm

------ eq. 1

Because we are considering volume fractions, therefore Vc = 1

c = fVf + mVm

In isostrain = c = f = m

------ eq. 2

Divide eq.1 by eq.2

( c c)=( fVf f )+( m V m m)


Hence
Ec = EfVf + EmVm

ISO STRESS:
Stress on the total composite is equal to the stress on the matrix and stress on the
fibers:
c = f = m
Total strain on the composite is equal to the sum of strain on fiber and matrix
layers:
c = f + m

---- eq. 1

cVc = fVf + mVm


Vc = 1
c = fVf + mVm

Hence equation 1 becomes:


(

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