Find the voltage across the 3Ω resistor by nodal analysis.

Nodal Analysis
Soln: Converting sources and assigning nodes, we get following circuit.

Format Approach

We can rewrite the equations as

11 V 1 − 2 V 2 = 48
− 5 V 1 + 18 V 2 = − 3

11 48
− 5 − 3 − 33 + 240 207
V2 = = = = 1.101 V
11 − 2 198 − 10 188
V1 : ( )V1 − ( )V2 = I1 (+ ve, if I1 enters the node V1 , - ve if I1 leaves the node V1 ) − 5 18
V2 : - ( )V1 + ( )V2 = I 2 (+ ve, if I 2 enters the node V2 , - ve if I 2 leaves the node V2 )
V2 = 1.101 V (Ans.)
⎛1 1 1⎞ ⎛1⎞
V1 : ⎜ + + ⎟V1 − ⎜ ⎟V2 = 4
⎝2 4 6⎠ ⎝6⎠
⎛1⎞ ⎛1 1 1 ⎞
V2 : - ⎜ ⎟V1 + ⎜ + + ⎟V2 = −0.1
⎝6⎠ ⎝ 6 3 10 ⎠

Soln: Assigning nodal voltages to each node, we get following figure.

1
Redrawn circuit.

Example 8.29 Write the nodal equations and find the voltage across the Soln: We can redraw the figure as
2Ω resistor.

2
Converting voltage source to current source, the circuit can be redrawn V1 : 6V1 − 3V − 0V = 240
2 3
as
V1 V2 V 2 : − 3 V 1 + 17 V 2 − 12 V 3 = 0
V 3 : 0V 1 − 2V 2 + 3V 3 = 0

V1 : 6V1 − 3V 2 − 0V 3 = 240
V 2 : − 3 V 1 + 17 V 2 − 12 V 3 = 0
V 3 : 0V 1 − 12 V 2 + 18 V 3 = 0

6 −3 240 6 − 3 240
⎛ 1 1 1⎞ ⎛1⎞
V1 : ⎜ + + ⎟V1 − ⎜ ⎟V2 − 0V3 = 20 − 3 17 0 − 3 17 0
⎝ 12 6 4 ⎠ ⎝4⎠ 0 − 12 0 0 −2 0
V3 = = 10.667 V (Ans.) V3 = = 10.667 V
⎛1⎞ ⎛1 1 1 ⎞ ⎛1⎞ 6 −3 0 6 −3 0
V2 : − ⎜ ⎟V1 + ⎜ + + ⎟V2 − ⎜ ⎟V3 = 0
⎝4⎠ ⎝1 6 4 ⎠ ⎝1⎠ − 3 17 − 12 − 3 17 − 12
0 − 12 18
⎛1⎞ ⎛1 1 ⎞ 0 −2 3
V3 : 0V1 − ⎜ ⎟V2 + ⎜ + ⎟V3 = 0
⎝1⎠ ⎝1 2 ⎠

Exception
There are some situations where you cant apply source conversion and
hence nodal or mesh analysis. Then what??????

Bridge Network

Now you can apply source conversion and hence nodal analysis.

3
Find current through R5 using Mesh and Nodal analysis.